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Semantic Domain of Prepositions

Semantic Domain of Prepositions

Sara wrote:
>> >> >>
I must say that the method which has worked best for me over time, when
dealing with Greek prepositions, is (with apologies to Alice) "A
preposition means what the context wants it to mean, no more and no 
less."


This may sound flippant, but I've honestly found it to be the least
stressful and most generally accurate working rule... Learn the basic
meanings of the prepositions as found in any textbook, so you'll know 
what
the possible limits are, and then assume (within those limits) that a
preposition means what it appears most naturally to mean in the context.
I'm not all that sure that there is any real semantic difference between
eis, en and epi in the examples given.  (Some of the other examples 
given
- -- dia, uper -- do have more distinctive meanings, though.)

That's not to say that one might not discover subtle shades of meaning
through extended analysis.  But somehow, I rather doubt that native
speakers were consciously or unconsciously engaged in that level of
understanding.
>> >> >>

Here are two more questions about the semantic domain of prepositions. 
The first question leads into the second question. 

The following construction is very common in the NT:

prep(prefix)+verb -> prep phrase 
             
example: kai eisercomai eis to soma

Why is the preposition repeated after the compound verb. Has the 
compound become semantically vague over time and for this reason the 
preposition needs to be reasserted? I have become accustom to seeing 
this construction but have never seen it explained in any of my reading. 

I have a second question which baffles me. Why do we find textual 
variants of the following sort which seem to treat the prepositions in 
compound verbs as if the were irrelevant when all the lexicons show 
these verbs as having distinctly different semantic domains.

textual variants of this pattern:
             eisercomai eis ... 
             katercomai eis ...

Two examples appear in Acts 4:2:

pair 1:  diaponoumenoi dia ...
         kataponoumenoi dia ...

pair 2:  kataggellein en ...
         anaggellein en ...

Now the verbs in pair number one have very distinct semantic domains, 
but pair number two might be considered near synonyms. I have no problem 
with pair number two. But how do you explain repeated examples of the 
pattern found in pair number one? 

These questions may or may not be directly related to the semantic 
domain of prepositions. 

Can you help me with this?

Clay Bartholomew
Three Tree Point