Mk.8:34, Mat.16:24, Lk.9:23 - Middle with reflexive
Posted: September 9th, 2015, 12:32 am
Is anyone aware of syntactic parallels for this middle with reflexive construction?Mark 8:34, Matthew 16:24 & Luke 9:23 wrote:ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτόν
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Is anyone aware of syntactic parallels for this middle with reflexive construction?Mark 8:34, Matthew 16:24 & Luke 9:23 wrote:ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτόν
1 Cor 16.20ἀσπάζομαι ἀλλήλους ἐν φιλήματι ἁγίῳ
2 Cor 13.12Ἀσπάσασθε ἀλλήλους ἐν φιλήματι ἁγίῳ.
1 Pet 5.14Ἀσπάσασθε ἀλλήλους ἐν ἁγίῳ φιλήματι
ἀσπάσασθε* ἀλλήλους ἐν φιλήματι ἀγάπης.
Is "this construction" a middle verb that has an object? I see quite a few of them.Stephen Hughes wrote:Is anyone aware of syntactic parallels for this middle with reflexive construction?Mark 8:34, Matthew 16:24 & Luke 9:23 wrote:ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτόν
Perhaps the question arose from a sense that middle verbs are inherently reflexive, or perhaps it didn't; in any case, that's a misleading notion. Reflexivity is one of several categories included within the range of polysemous middle-marking that indicates subject-affected processes. The verb ἀπαρνεῖσθαι ("disavow") is indeed a middle verb (in the category of emotional speech act, but in view of the fact that the verb is regularly used with a pronominal complement (με, σε), why should it be surprising to find it with the 3d person reflexive pronoun?Stephen Hughes wrote:Is anyone aware of syntactic parallels for this middle with reflexive construction?Mark 8:34, Matthew 16:24 & Luke 9:23 wrote:ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτόν
ἀπαρνέομαι to deny, renounce (11)
Matt 16:24 μου ἐλθεῖν, ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν καὶ ἀράτω
Matt 26:34 νυκτὶ πρὶν ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι τρὶς ἀπαρνήσῃ με.
Matt 26:35 οὐ μή σε ἀπαρνήσομαι. ὁμοίως καὶ
Matt 26:75 ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι τρὶς ἀπαρνήσῃ με· καὶ
Mark 8:34 μου ἀκολουθεῖν, ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν καὶ ἀράτω
Mark 14:30 ἢ δὶς ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι τρίς με ἀπαρνήσῃ.
Mark 14:31 οὐ μή σε ἀπαρνήσομαι. ὡσαύτως δὲ
Mark 14:72 δὶς τρίς με ἀπαρνήσῃ· καὶ ἐπιβαλὼν
Luke 12:9 ἐνώπιον τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἀπαρνηθήσεται ἐνώπιον τῶν ἀγγέλων
Luke 22:34 σήμερον ἀλέκτωρ ἕως τρίς με ἀπαρνήσῃ εἰδέναι.
Luke 22:61 ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι σήμερον ἀπαρνήσῃ με τρίς.
I think it is a distinction observed more commonly in earlier Classical/Attic usage; in the Koine ἑαυτούς seems more frequent than ἀλλήλους .Stephen Hughes wrote:Is the distinction between reciprocal and reflexive pronouns an artificial one?
BDF§287 wrote:Ἑαυτῶν may be used for ἀλλήλων (as already in classical, K.–G. I 573; for the papyri s. Mayser I2 2, 64; II 1, 73): 1 C 6:7, C 3:13, 16, etc.; often one alongside the other for variety: Lk 23:12 μετʼ ἀλλήλων … πρὸς ἑαυτούς (SBLT πρὸς αὐτούς; the simple pronoun, however, does not appear to be admissible here). In ἄλλος πρὸς ἄλλον A 2:12 the elements remain separate = πρὸς ἀλλήλους; cf. εἷς τὸν ἕνα for ἀλλήλους §247(4). 1 Th 5:13 εἰρηνεύετε ἐν ἑαυτοῖς (SD*FGP αὐτοῖς) = Mk 9:50 εἰρ. ἐν ἀλλήλοις (Foerster, TW II 416f.). Mk 9:16 πρὸς ἑαυτούς S*AW (ἀλλήλους Θ, ἐν ὑμῖν D, αὐτούς al.).
No, the question was not simply about a middle verb with an object but rather a middle verb with a reflexive object.Is "this construction" a middle verb that has an object? I see quite a few of them.
In the case in Thucydides the reflexive is used adverbially with ἐν. Here the Synoptic Evangelists use it directly.Stephen Hughes wrote:A passage from Thucydides that fascinate and puzzles me iswhere middle / passive voice is used with a reflexive pronoun. (The Koine equivalent of ἐν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς would be ἐν ἑαυτοῖς). That medio-passive + reflexive is beyond the limit of maps ... in my grammatical atlas.ξυνεστρέφοντό ... ἐν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς
they closed ranks in on themselves
Oops ... too quick on the draw. Here are some of these (not a complete list). The first three are in the title.George F Somsel wrote:Jonathan Robie wrote:No, the question was not simply about a middle verb with an object but rather a middle verb with a reflexive object.Is "this construction" a middle verb that has an object? I see quite a few of them.
This is a verb of thinking and seems to be used as a reciprocal pronoun here.Jonathan Robie wrote:Ephesians 04:32 χαριζόμενοι ἑαυτοῖς
Colossians 03:13 χαριζόμενοι ἑαυτοῖς
cf Philippians 2:3 ἀλλὰ τῇ ταπεινοφροσύνῃ ἀλλήλους ἡγούμενοι ὑπερέχοντας ἑαυτῶν·Jonathan Robie wrote:Acts 26:02 Περὶ πάντων ὧν ἐγκαλοῦμαι ὑπὸ Ἰουδαίων, ἥγημαι ἐμαυτὸν μακάριον ἐπὶ σοῦ μέλλων σήμερον ἀπολογεῖσθαι,
Of those listed, the only one where there might be some discussion that the reflexive was used as an object with a middle (in an actual), as an active would be used with an object might be this one:Jonathan Robie wrote:Matthew 16:24 ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν
Mark 08:34 ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν
Luke 09:23 ἀρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν
2 Timothy 02:13 ἀρνήσασθαι ἑαυτὸν
James 01:22 παραλογιζόμενοι ἑαυτούς.
As BDAG notes, in earlier Greek, this would have been used with the active, not passive. Perhaps here it is also, "let others think of you as an example", as being the other side of the coin from "setting yourself up as an example".Jonathan Robie wrote:Titus 02:07 περὶ πάντα σεαυτὸν παρεχόμενος τύπον καλῶν ἔργων,