ὑπηρεσία and δουλεία

Semantic Range, Lexicography, and other approaches to word meaning - in general, or for particular words.
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Girgis Boshra
Posts: 21
Joined: January 25th, 2012, 3:40 pm

ὑπηρεσία and δουλεία

Post by Girgis Boshra »

What's the difference between ὑπηρεσία and δουλεία, you can find them together in THEOPHILUS TO AUTOLYCUS.1.4.5
Wes Wood
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Joined: September 20th, 2013, 8:18 pm

Re: ὑπηρεσία and δουλεία

Post by Wes Wood »

Will you please provide the Greek text for this? Without the context, I would guess that ὑπηρεσία is being used to describe service without compulsion while δουλεία is used for slavery or, perhaps, for paid service.
Ἀσπάζομαι μὲν καὶ φιλῶ, πείσομαι δὲ μᾶλλον τῷ θεῷ ἢ ὑμῖν.-Ἀπολογία Σωκράτους 29δ
Barry Hofstetter
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Joined: May 6th, 2011, 1:48 pm

Re: ὑπηρεσία and δουλεία

Post by Barry Hofstetter »

From the LSJ. Wes is right -- any refined answer has to to see the context.

δουλ-εία
δουλεία, ἡ, Ion. δουλ-ηΐη Anacr.114, Hdt.6.12: also δουλία Pi.P.1.75:—
Aslavery, bondage, ll. cc., A.Th.253; δουλείας γάγγαμον, ζυγά, Id.Ag.360(anap.), S.Aj.944(lyr.); δ. καὶ ὑπηρεσία Ar.V.602; ἡ τῶν κρεισσόνων δ. imposed by them, Th.1.8; ἡ ὑπὸ τῶν βαρβάρων δ. Pl.R.469c; applied to the condition of the subject allies of Athens, Th.5.9.
II collectively, slaves, δουλεύοντα δουλείαις ἐμαῖς E.Ba.803; ἢν . . ἡ δ. ἐπανιστῆται if the slave-class rise in rebellion, Th.5.23; ἡ Ἡρακλεωτῶν δ. Pl.Lg.776d; τὰς . . Εἱλωτείας καὶ Πενεστείας καὶ δουλείας Arist. Pol.1264a36.
IIIservice for hire, μισθὸν δουλείας LXX 3 Ki.5.6.

ὑπηρεσία, ἡ, (ἐρέτης)
Abody of rowers, shipʼs crew, οἵ τε ναῦται καὶ οἱ ἐπιβάται καὶ ἡ ὑ. D.50.30, cf. 10,25,al.; ὑ. κρατίστην ἐμισθωσάμην ib.7; εἶχον κυβερνήτην Φαντίαν . . , παρεσκευασάμην δὲ καὶ τὸ πλήρωμα πρὸς ἐκεῖνον καὶ τὴν ἄλλην ὑ. ἀκόλουθον Lys.21.10; κυβερνήτας ἔχομεν πολίτας καὶ τὴν ἄλλην ὑ. πλείους καὶ ἀμείνους ἢ ἅπασα ἡ ἄλλη Ἑλλάς Th.1.143; τῆς ἄλλης ὑ. IG12.98.22; χρεία πλοίων ἐστὶ καὶ τῆς κατὰ θάλατταν ὑ. Plb.5.109.1: pl., crews, Th.6.31, 8.1, Isoc.4.142; pl. of naval equipment, [ναῦς] εὖ ταῖς ὑ. ἐξηρτυμένη Plb.1.25.3; ἡ θρὶξ [τῶν αἰγῶν] ἀναγκαία . . εἰς ναυτικὰς ὑπηρεσίας Gp.18.9.3.
II generally, service, δουλεία καὶ ὑ. Ar.V.602 (anap.); ἰατρικὴ ὑ. Pl.Lg. 961e; αἱ σωματικαὶ ὑ. Arist.Pol.1259b26; μόρια τὰ πρὸς ταύτην τὴν ὑ. (sc. πορεύεσθαι) Id.Juv.468a19; αἱ ὑ. αἱ ἔξωθεν κινητικαί Id.PA 684b33; τέχναι καὶ γοητεῖαι καὶ ὅλως ὑ. τινές all kinds of service, D. Prooem.52 (s. v.l., deceptions seems to be the sense); πᾶσαν λειτουργίαν καὶ ὑ. ἐκτελεῖν CIG2786 (Aphrodisias); παρέχειν τι εἰς ὑ. τινί Pl.Lg.717c; ἡ ἐμὴ τῷ θεῷ ὑ. Id.Ap.30a; τίς αὕτη ἡ ὑ. ἐστὶ τοῖς θεοῖς; Id.Euthphr.14d; τὰς ἐκείνων ὑ. εἰς αὑτόν Id.Lg.729d, cf. Arist. EN1158a17; ἄλλας ὑ. ὑποστάντα τῇ πόλει IG4.609 (Argos), cf. 12(5).946.23 (Tenos, i/ii A. D.), CIG2767 (Aphrodisias), etc.
2 in concrete sense, in pl., the class of servants or attendants, Pl.Lg.956e, Ep. 350a, cf. IG5(1).1390.98 (Andania, i B. C.): also in sg., retinue, LXX Jb.1.3, OGI139.8 (Philae, ii B. C.); of shop-assistants, Sardis7(1).168 (iv A. D.).
3 ὑ. σοι παντελὴς . . κεραμίων ʼa dinner-serviceʼ, Axionic.7.
N.E. Barry Hofstetter, M.A., Th.M.
Ph.D. Student U of FL
Instructor of Latin
Jack M. Barrack Hebrew Academy
καὶ σὺ τὸ σὸν ποιήσεις κἀγὼ τὸ ἐμόν. ἆρον τὸ σὸν καὶ ὕπαγε.
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