solomon1 wrote: ↑July 25th, 2017, 8:13 am
What is more accurate meaning of the word "καθόλου" (Catholic) Universal or Whole
You can see several definitions for the word here:
καθόλου. Just click among the tabs.
It's only used one in the New Testament, μή καθόλου in Acts 4:18 means "not at all". It is used a handful of times in the Septuagint.
It's possible that you are interested in later usage in the creeds? In the creeds, it refers to the universal scope of the church. Just exactly what you think that means may depend on your theology of the church and its relationship to particular denominations - and that's way outside the scope of B-Greek.
Here are some definitions for biblical usage:
Thayers wrote:(i. e. καθ' ὅλου ( as it is written in authors before Aristotle (Liddell and Scott))), adverb, wholly, entirely, at all: Act 4:18. ((Exo 22:11); Eze 13:3, Eze 13:22; Amo 3:3, Amo 3:4; Xenophon, Plato, Demosthenes, Aristotle, and following.)
Abbott-Smith wrote:καθόλου ( = καθ᾿ ὅλον and so in cl . bef. Arist .), adv. ,
[in LXX : Exo 22:11 (10) Amo 3:3-4; Eze 13:3; Eze 13:22; Eze 17:14 ( τὸ κ , μή = H1115), Da LXX TH Da 3:50 * ;]
on the whole, in general: μή κ ., not at all, Act 4:18. †
LSJ wrote:1. on the whole, in general, = καθ’ ὅλου (as it shd. perh. be written), Epist.Philipp. ap. D. 18.77; κ. γράφειν, opp. κατὰ μέρος, Plb. 3.32.8; κ. εἰπεῖν Arist. Top. 156a13, Plu. 2.397c, etc.; οἱ κ. λόγοι general statements, opp. οἱ ἐπὶ μέρους, Arist. EN 1107a30 (but in Roman times, accounts kept by the central government, = Lat. summae rationes, OGI 715.3 (Alexandria), D.C. 79.21, etc.); τοῦτο γάρ ἐστι κ. μᾶλλον too general, Arist. Pol. 1265a31, cf. GA 748a8; ἡ τῶν κ. πραγμάτων σύνταξις general history, Plb. 1.4.2; τὸ κ. D.S. 1.77, Plu. 2.569f; τὸ κ. τῆς μοχθηρίας, opp. τὸ πρὸς ἡμᾶς, ib.468e; οὐδ’ οὗτος ἀποφαίνει κ. τὸ καταλειφθέν the whole amount left, D. 27.43; ἐν τῷ κ. in general, speaking generally, Ath. 1.30e, Arr. Epict. 1.8.8, al.
2. in the Logic of Arist., of terms, τὸ κ. general, opp. τὸ καθ’ ἕκαστον (singular), λέγω δὲ κ. μὲν ὃ ἐπὶ πλειόνων πέφυκε κατηγορεῖσθαι, καθ’ ἕκαστον δὲ ὃ μή Int. 17a39, cf. Metaph. 1023b29; opp. τὸ κατὰ μέρος, Rh. 1357b1, al.; hence, τὰ κ. universal truths, ἡ ποίησις μᾶλλον τὰ κ., ἡ δ’ ἱστορία τὰ καθ’ ἕ. λέγει Po. 1451b7; = γνῶμαι, ib. 1450b12; esp. commensurate predicate, ὃ ἂν κατὰ παντός τε ὑπάρχῃ καὶ καθ’ αὑτὸ καὶ ᾗ αὐτό APo. 73b26; as Adj., of propositions, λόγος κ. a universal statement, opp. ἐν μέρει, κατὰ μέρος (particular), ἀδιόριστος (infinite), APr. 24a17 sq.; of inference, ἡ κ. ἀπόδειξις universal proof, opp. κατὰ μέρος, APo. 85a13; hence, as predicate, κ. εἰσὶν [ αἱ ἀρχαί ] Metaph. 1003a7; as Adv., κ. ἀποφαίνεσθαι ἐπὶ τοῦ κ. Int. 17b5, al.
3. completely, entirely, Plb. 1.20.2; οὐδὲ κ. μακρὸν πλοῖον no warships at all, ib. 13, cf. LXX Da. 3.50, al.; μηδὲ τέχνην εἶναι τὸ κ. τοῦ πείθειν Phld. Rh. 1.327S. (Written κατὰ ὅλου Pl. Men. 77a.)