προλέγει γὰρ ἡμῖν· Ἰδοὺ ὁ κύριος, καὶ ὁ μισθὸς αὐτοῦ πρὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ, ἀποδοῦναι ἕκάστῳ κατὰ τὸ ἔργον αὐτοῦ.
Every translation I find on this verse takes the words Ἰδοὺ ὁ κύριος as "Behold, the Lord comes..."
Is this a common usage that we would expect such an omission?
1 Clement 34.3
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1 Clement 34.3
χαρις υμιν και ειρηνη,
Alan Patterson
Alan Patterson
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Re: 1 Clement 34.3
Alan,Alan Patterson wrote:προλέγει γὰρ ἡμῖν· Ἰδοὺ ὁ κύριος, καὶ ὁ μισθὸς αὐτοῦ πρὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ, ἀποδοῦναι ἕκάστῳ κατὰ τὸ ἔργον αὐτοῦ.
Every translation I find on this verse takes the words Ἰδοὺ ὁ κύριος as "Behold, the Lord comes..."
Is this a common usage that we would expect such an omission?
Ἰδοὺ + name/title is an idiom for introductions and announcements of arrivals. The verb may be explicit or implicit. Translations often make explicit in the target language something which is implicit in the source language.
C. Stirling Bartholomew
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Re: 1 Clement 34.3
How many independent translations of 1 Clement are there anyway?
Stephen C. Carlson, Ph.D.
Melbourne, Australia
Melbourne, Australia
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Re: 1 Clement 34.3
here is an example or two with an explicit verb.Stirling Bartholomew wrote: Ἰδοὺ + name/title is an idiom for introductions and announcements of arrivals. The verb may be explicit or implicit. Translations often make explicit in the target language something which is implicit in the source language.
Matt. 28:9 καὶ ἰδοὺ Ἰησοῦς ὑπήντησεν αὐταῖς λέγων· χαίρετε.
Dan. 10:13 καὶ ὁ στρατηγὸς βασιλέως Περσῶν ἀνθειστήκει ἐναντίον μου εἴκοσι καὶ μίαν ἡμέραν, καὶ ἰδοὺ Μιχαηλ εἷς τῶν ἀρχόντων τῶν πρώτων ἐπῆλθε βοηθῆσαί μοι, καὶ αὐτὸν ἐκεῖ κατέλιπον μετὰ τοῦ στρατηγοῦ τοῦ βασιλέως Περσῶν.
C. Stirling Bartholomew
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Re: 1 Clement 34.3
Thanks for the help.
I did check 3 more translations Lightfoot, Holle, and Roberts-Donaldson. They have:
Behold, the Lord, and His reward is before His face, to recompense each man according to his work.
Behold the Lord cometh, and his reward is before his face, to give to every one according to his work.
Behold, the Lord [cometh], and His reward is before His face, to render to every man according to his work.
Finally, Michael Holmes has: Behold, the Lord comes, and his reward is with him...
So, I have to retract my statement that most have "comes." But, thanks for the Ἰδοὺ + name/title.
I did check 3 more translations Lightfoot, Holle, and Roberts-Donaldson. They have:
Behold, the Lord, and His reward is before His face, to recompense each man according to his work.
Behold the Lord cometh, and his reward is before his face, to give to every one according to his work.
Behold, the Lord [cometh], and His reward is before His face, to render to every man according to his work.
Finally, Michael Holmes has: Behold, the Lord comes, and his reward is with him...
So, I have to retract my statement that most have "comes." But, thanks for the Ἰδοὺ + name/title.
χαρις υμιν και ειρηνη,
Alan Patterson
Alan Patterson
Re: 1 Clement 34.3
Alan, if you're interested in reading up on the functions of ἰδού, including this construction, Nick Bailey's dissertation discusses it in detail in chapter 6:
http://dare.ubvu.vu.nl/handle/1871/15504
A more accurate translation (in terms of English semantic/pragmatic equivalence) would be: "Here comes the Lord" or "Here is the Lord." The use of ἰδοὺ as a deictic presentational with a noun phrase, is actually the most basic use ἰδοὺ has.
http://dare.ubvu.vu.nl/handle/1871/15504
A more accurate translation (in terms of English semantic/pragmatic equivalence) would be: "Here comes the Lord" or "Here is the Lord." The use of ἰδοὺ as a deictic presentational with a noun phrase, is actually the most basic use ἰδοὺ has.
Mike Aubrey, Linguist
SIL International
Koine-Greek.com
SIL International
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Re: 1 Clement 34.3
Mike Aubrey wrote:
Mike, could you expound on the term 'deictic presentaional' for those of us who are not intimate with modern linguistic jargon. You could even make a separate post on the 'deictic center' or such, that would be helpful.A more accurate translation (in terms of English semantic/pragmatic equivalence) would be: "Here comes the Lord" or "Here is the Lord." The use of ἰδοὺ as a deictic presentational with a noun phrase, is actually the most basic use ἰδοὺ has.
Re: 1 Clement 34.3
Well, "deictic center" is a concept not relevant here and tends to be used only with reference to tenses and even then it isn't one I use.Louis L Sorenson wrote:Mike Aubrey wrote:Mike, could you expound on the term 'deictic presentaional' for those of us who are not intimate with modern linguistic jargon. You could even make a separate post on the 'deictic center' or such, that would be helpful.A more accurate translation (in terms of English semantic/pragmatic equivalence) would be: "Here comes the Lord" or "Here is the Lord." The use of ἰδοὺ as a deictic presentational with a noun phrase, is actually the most basic use ἰδοὺ has.
As to the term deictic presentational, this particular set of linguistic jargon is fairly straight forward:
deictic = point
presentational = that which presents something
In English, we use the demonstratives here and there for a number of things, but one important use is to point out new participants/entities in a text that haven't been mentioned before (e.g. Here's Harry with our take out). Ἰδοὺ and ἴδε function in the same manner. Chapter 6 of the dissertation I linked to is very helpful here.
Mike Aubrey, Linguist
SIL International
Koine-Greek.com
SIL International
Koine-Greek.com