Appendix V: Paradigms

Paradigms which must be committed to memory and other materials which need to be consulted frequently are reproduced here for convenience. §§ refer to the sections of the Grammar where they are first presented and discussed.

1. The Article (§121)
  Singular   Plural
  Masc. Fem. Neut.   Masc. Fem. Neut.
 
Nom. τό   οἱ αἱ τά
Gen.   τοῦ τῆς τοῦ   τῶν τῶν τῶν
Dat.   τῷ τῇ τῳ   τοῖς ταίς τοῖς
Acc.   τόν τήν τό   τούς τάς τά
2. τίς, τί (§151)
  Singular   Plural
  Masc.-Fem. Neut Masc.-Fem. Neut
Nom. τί  ς τί τίν ες τίν α
Gen. τίν ος τίν ος τίν ων τίν ων
Dat. τίν ι τίν ι τί   σι(ν) τί   σι(ν)
Acc. τίν α τί τίν ας τίν α
3. πᾶς, πᾶσα, πάν (§231)
    Singular
  M F N
N πᾶς πᾶσα πᾶν
G παντός πάσης παντός
D παντί πάση παντί
A πάντα πᾶσαν πᾶν
 
    Plural
N πάντες πᾶσαι πάντα
G πάντων πασῶν πάντων
D πᾶσι (ν) πάσαις πᾶσι (ν)
A πάντας πάσας πάντα
4. Personal Pronouns (§256)
  Singular Plural  
  First Person Second Person   First Person Second Person
N ἐγώ [cf. ego] σύ   ἡμεῖς ὑμεῖς
G ἐμοῦ, μου σοῦ, σου   ἡμῶν ὑμῶν
D ἐμοί, μοι σοί, σοι   ἡμῖν ὑμῖν
A ἐμέ, με σέ, σε   ἡμᾶς ὑμᾶς
5. Structure of the Verb System (§303)
135
Principal
Parts
I.     Present
II.     Future
III.     Aorist
ACTIVE   VOICE
Indicative
Subjunctive
Optative
Imperative
Infinitive
Participle
λύω
λύω
λύοιμι
λθε
λύει,ν
λύων,   -ούσα,   -ον
λύσω
(λύσοί-μι)
λύσει,ν
λύσων,   -ούσα,   -ον
£λυσα
λύσω
λύσαιμι
λ Οσον
λΟσαι.
λύσας,   -ασα,   -αν
MIDDLE   VOICE


Indicative
λύομαι
λύσομαι
έλυσάμην
Subjunctive
λύωμαι
--------
λύσωμαι
Optative
λυούμην
(λυσοίμην)
λυσαΰμην
Imperative
λύου
--------
λΟσαι
Infinitive
λύεσθαι
λύσεσθαι
λύσασθαι.
Participle
λυόμενος,   -τι,   -ον
λυσόμενος,   -η,   -ον
λυσάμενος,   -η,   -ον
PASSIVE   VOICE


Indicative
Same  as  Middle
See   Sixth
See  Sixth
Subjunctive

Principal  Part
Principal  Part
Optative


Imperative


Infinitive


Participle


TENSES  FORMED  ON
THE   SAME  STEM
Indicative
Imperfect
Active
δλυον
Middle   and  Pass.
έλυόμην

136
(continued)
Principal
Parts
IV.     Perfect
Active
V.     Perfect  Middle
and  Passive
VI.   Aorist  Passive
ACTIVE   VOICE
Indicative
Subjunctive
Optative
Imperative
Infinitive
Participle
λέλυκα
λελυκώς  &
(λελυκώς   εΕην)
(λέλυκε,   λελυκώς
λελυκένοα
λελυκώς,   -υϊα,   -ός
MIDDLE   VOICE
Indicative
Subjunctive
Optative
Imperative
Infinitive
Participle
See  Fifth
Principal  Part
λέλυμαι
λελυμένος  S>
(λελυμένος   εΓην)
λέλυσο
λελύσθαι.
λελυμένος,   -η,   -ον
PASSIVE   VOICE
Indicative
Subjunctive
Optative
Imperative
Infinitive
Participle
See  Fifth
Principal  Part
Same   as  Middle
έλύθην
λυθώ
λυθείην
λύθητι.
λυθή"ναι
λυθείς,   -εϋσα,   -έν
Indicative
Infinitive
Participle
Pluperfect:
(έ)λελύκειν
Future  Perfect:
λελυκώς   {σομαι
λελύσομαι
Pluperfect:
(έ)λελύμην
(active)
(passive)
Future  Passive:
λυθήσομαι
(λυθήσεσθαι.)
λυθησόμενος,   -η,
-ον

137
6.     Primary  Personal  Endings   (§318)
Active  Voice

Middle-Passive  Voice
1.
-ω  or  -μι

1.
-μα ι.
2.
-c

2.
-ij   :   σαι
3.
-#(v)   or  -σι
(ν)
3.
-ται
1.
-μεν

1.
-μεθά
2.
-τε

2.
-σθε
3.
-ουσι(ν)   or
-ασι(ν)
3.
-νται
Singular
Plural
N.I.     #   indicates  no  ending,   called  a  zero   form
N.2.      (v)   indicates  v-movable:   §321
7.     Secondary  Personal  Endings   (§319)
Active  Voice
Singular       1.
-v  or  #
2.
-c
3.
-#(v)
Plural            1.
-μεν
2.
-τε
3.
-ν  or  -σαν
Middle-Passive  Voice
1.
-μην
2.
-ου   :   σο
3.
-το
1.
-μεθά
2.
-σθε
3.
-ντο
N.I.      #   indicates  no  ending,   called  a  zero   form
N.2.      (v)   indicates  v-movable:      §321

138
8.   Inflectional  Categories  in  the  Verb  System
(Indicative  Mood)    (§4750)
I.     Present
II.   Future
Present  active/middle-passive
1.    ω-verbs  uncontracted   (§§367-3670)
2.    ω-verbs  contracted   (§§368-3691)
3.    μι,-verbs   (§§370-3712)
Imperfect  active/middle-passive
1.    ω-verbs  uncontracted   (§§401-4010)
2.    ω-verbs   contracted   (§§402-4031)
3.    ui-verbs   (§§404-4050)
Future   active/middle
1.    regular   (§§373-3750)
2.    liquid   (§§376,   377)
-ί£ω  verbs   (§3760)
3.    Doric   (§3761)
4.    Without  tense
formant   (§3763)
III.     Aorist
IV.     Perfect
Aorist  active/middle
1.    second  aorist   (§§407-4070)
2.    first  aorist   (§§408-409)
3.    liquid  aorists   (§410)
4.     'root1   aorists   (§411)
5.    κ-aorists   (§§412-4121)
6.    mixed   (§4122)
V.     Perfect  middle-passive
Perfect  active
1.    first  perfect
(§§385,   386-3860)
2.    second  perfect
(§§3850,   387-3880)
Pluperfect  active
1.    first  pluperfect
(§§415-4150)
2.    second  pluperfect
(§§415-4150)
VI.     Aorist  passive
Perfect  middle-passive
(§§389-3922)
Pluperfect  middle-passive
(§§416-418)
Aorist  passive
1.    first  aorist  passive
(§§421-422)
2.    second  aorist  passive
(§§423-4241)
Future  passive
1.    first  future  passive
(§§393-3940)
2.    second  future  passive
(§§393-3940)

 οίδα
(εϋσομαι)
(ot6-,   ]J«~i6-:   cf.   δράω)
(προ-,  συν-)
 (Β  )   δράω                    δψομαι              ώψάμην              θώρακα                                               ώφθην
(δπτάνομαι)                                  1εϋδον<'               (έόρακα)
a-,   δπ-,   *£"ι δ-)
(άφ-,   έν-,   έψ-,   καθ-,   παρ-,   προ-,  συν-,   Οπερ-)
7                                       3                    2
t  πάσχω              παθεΰται          δπαθον              πέπονθα
(παθ-,   πονθ-)        [3.sg]
(προ-,   συμ-)
(Α.)1·πίνω                  πίομαι              ίπιον                πέπωκα                                           -επόθην
(πι-,  πω-,  πο-)
(κατά-,   συν-)
τρέχω                                         δδραμον
(τρεχ-,   δραμ-)
(άνα-,   άπο-,   είσ-,   έπ-ανα-,   έπι-συν-,  κατά-,   περί.-,   προ-,   προσ-,   συν-,   ύπο-)
Β2)   tφέpω                οίσω            Γβήνεγκα              '   -ενήνοχα                             ήνέχθην
(φερ-,   oC-,   ένεκ-)
(άνα-,   άπο-,  δια-,   είσ-,   έκ-,   έπι-,  κατά-,   μετά-,  παρά-, παρ-εισ-,   παρ-εκ-,
περί-,  προ-,  προσ-,  συμ-,  ύπο-)

APPENDICES IV/V
PARSING CODE
PARADIGMS
Pp. 131-140

Appendix  IV:     Parsing  Code
PARSING  CODE
1.      Cuts:
/        marks   the   limits   of  primary  words   and  word  groups   in  S
//      stands  between  words   and  word  groups   in  apposition
1       marks  a  secondary  cut
/      marks  a  tertiary  cut
()      encloses  conjunctions
[]       encloses  sentence  connectors
■*  =    goes  with,  modifies
2.      Arabic  numbers:     An  arabic  number  is   set  over  the  word  or  head
term  of  the  subject,   main   (finite)   verb,   and  each  unit  of  the  pred-
icate,   as   follows:
1  =     word  or  word  group  in  the   structure  of   subject
2  =    main   (finite)   verb
3  =     in  predicate:   word  or  word  group  with  head  term  in
nominative  case
4  =     in  predicate:   word  or  word  group  with  head  term  in
accusative  case
5  =     in  predicate:   word  or  word  group  with  head  term  in
dative  case
6  =     in  predicate:   word  or  word  group  with  head  term  in
genitive  case
In  addition,
A  =     in  predicate:   any  adverb  not   included  in  another  word
group;   a  word  cluster  headed  by  an  adverb
i  =     in  predicate:   any  infinitive  not  included  in  another
word  group;   a  word  group  headed  by  an  infinitive
S   (s)   =     in  predicate:   any  included  independent   (dependent)
sentence
ρ  =     prefixed  to  any  word  or  word  group  initiated  by  a
preposition
3.      Parts  of   speech:     Lower  case   letters  are  used  to  designate
parts  of   speech   (except  for  adverbs:   upper  case):
b  =    pronoun
d  =    pronominal   adjective
η  =    noun
a  =    adjective
131

132                                                    PARSING  CODE
g  =    participle
i  =    infinitive
ρ  =    preposition
A  =    adverb
A  plus  sign  is  added  to  the  basic  designation  for  word  clusters
headed  by  a  part  of   speech.
+  =     word  cluster   (e.g.   4n+,   5g+)
4.    In  the  analysis  of  nominal  word  clusters,
t  =     the  article   in  any  gender,   number,   case
5.    Adverbs,   negatives,   conjunctions  and  particles:
A  =     adverb
Ν  =    negative  particle
Β   =    subordinator
C  =    conjunction
D  =    connector
Q  =    question  signaling  words  and  word  groups
W  =    wish  signaling  words  and  word  groups
Ε  =    exclamation  signaling  words   and  word  groups
Η  =    nuance  words,   sentence  modalizers
I   =    attention   getters
6.    Additional  designations:
Sentence   types   are  marked  with  roman  numerals
Ρ  =     the   passive   form  of  a  sentence  type,   e.g.   HIP
Τ   =     the   transformation
a     =     comparative  degree  of  an  adjective

Appendix  V:     Paradigms
Paradigms  which  must  be   committed  to  memory  and  other
materials  which  need  to  be  consulted  frequently  are  reproduced
here  for  convenience.     §§  refer  to  the  sections  of  the  Grammar
where  they  are  first  presented  and  discussed.
1.      The  Article   (§121)

Singular

Plural


Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
Nom.
6
ή
τ  6

οΐ
at
τ
ά
Gen.
τ  οϋ
τ  ης
τ  οϋ
τ
ων
τ  ων
τ
ων
Dat.
τ  φ
τ  fj
τ  φ
τ
οϊς
τ  αϊς
τ
οϊς
Ace.
τ  όν
τ  ή"ν
τ  6
τ
ούς
τ  άς
τ
ά
2.     τίς,   τί   (§151)


Singular

Plural

Masc.
-Fem.
Neut.
Masc
.-Fem.
Neut.
Nom.
τί
ς
τί
τίν
ες
τίν  α
Gen.
τίν
ος
τίν  ος
τίν
ων
τίν  ων
Dat.
τίν
ι
τίν   ι
τί
σι (ν)
τί     σι(ν)
Ace.
τίν
α
τί
τίν
ας
τίν  α
133

134
3.     πας,  π&σα,  πάν   (§231)


Singular

Μ
F
Ν
Ν
πας
πασά
παν
G
παντός
πάσης
παντός
D
παντί
πάση
παντί
Α
πάντα
π&σαν
παν

Plural

Ν
πάντες
πασαι
πάντα
G
πάντων
πασών
πάντων
D
πασι. (ν)
πάσα ι, ς
πασι(ν)
Α
πάντας
πάσας
πάντα
4.     Personal  Pronouns   (§256)
Singular
Plural
First  Person      Second  Person    First  Person
Ν         έγώ   [cf.   ego]    σύ                        ήμεϊς
G        έμοΰ,   μου           σοΰ,   σου             ήμων
D        έμοί,   μοι.           σοί,   σοι             ήμϊν
Α         έμέ,   με               σέ,   σε                 ήμας
Second  Person
ύμεϋς
ύμων
ύμΰν
ύμας

5.   Structure  of  the  Verb  System   (§303)
135
Principal
Parts
I.     Present
II.     Future
III.     Aorist
ACTIVE   VOICE
Indicative
Subjunctive
Optative
Imperative
Infinitive
Participle
λύω
λύω
λύοιμι
λθε
λύει,ν
λύων,   -ούσα,   -ον
λύσω
(λύσοί-μι)
λύσει,ν
λύσων,   -ούσα,   -ον
£λυσα
λύσω
λύσαιμι
λ Οσον
λΟσαι.
λύσας,   -ασα,   -αν
MIDDLE   VOICE


Indicative
λύομαι
λύσομαι
έλυσάμην
Subjunctive
λύωμαι
--------
λύσωμαι
Optative
λυούμην
(λυσοίμην)
λυσαΰμην
Imperative
λύου
--------
λΟσαι
Infinitive
λύεσθαι
λύσεσθαι
λύσασθαι.
Participle
λυόμενος,   -τι,   -ον
λυσόμενος,   -η,   -ον
λυσάμενος,   -η,   -ον
PASSIVE   VOICE


Indicative
Same  as  Middle
See   Sixth
See  Sixth
Subjunctive

Principal  Part
Principal  Part
Optative


Imperative


Infinitive


Participle


TENSES  FORMED  ON
THE   SAME  STEM
Indicative
Imperfect
Active
δλυον
Middle   and  Pass.
έλυόμην

136
(continued)
Principal
Parts
IV.     Perfect
Active
V.     Perfect  Middle
and  Passive
VI.   Aorist  Passive
ACTIVE   VOICE
Indicative
Subjunctive
Optative
Imperative
Infinitive
Participle
λέλυκα
λελυκώς  &
(λελυκώς   εΕην)
(λέλυκε,   λελυκώς
λελυκένοα
λελυκώς,   -υϊα,   -ός
MIDDLE   VOICE
Indicative
Subjunctive
Optative
Imperative
Infinitive
Participle
See  Fifth
Principal  Part
λέλυμαι
λελυμένος  S>
(λελυμένος   εΓην)
λέλυσο
λελύσθαι.
λελυμένος,   -η,   -ον
PASSIVE   VOICE
Indicative
Subjunctive
Optative
Imperative
Infinitive
Participle
See  Fifth
Principal  Part
Same   as  Middle
έλύθην
λυθώ
λυθείην
λύθητι.
λυθή"ναι
λυθείς,   -εϋσα,   -έν
Indicative
Infinitive
Participle
Pluperfect:
(έ)λελύκειν
Future  Perfect:
λελυκώς   {σομαι
λελύσομαι
Pluperfect:
(έ)λελύμην
(active)
(passive)
Future  Passive:
λυθήσομαι
(λυθήσεσθαι.)
λυθησόμενος,   -η,
-ον

137
6.     Primary  Personal  Endings   (§318)
Active  Voice

Middle-Passive  Voice
1.
-ω  or  -μι

1.
-μα ι.
2.
-c

2.
-ij   :   σαι
3.
-#(v)   or  -σι
(ν)
3.
-ται
1.
-μεν

1.
-μεθά
2.
-τε

2.
-σθε
3.
-ουσι(ν)   or
-ασι(ν)
3.
-νται
Singular
Plural
N.I.     #   indicates  no  ending,   called  a  zero   form
N.2.      (v)   indicates  v-movable:   §321
7.     Secondary  Personal  Endings   (§319)
Active  Voice
Singular       1.
-v  or  #
2.
-c
3.
-#(v)
Plural            1.
-μεν
2.
-τε
3.
-ν  or  -σαν
Middle-Passive  Voice
1.
-μην
2.
-ου   :   σο
3.
-το
1.
-μεθά
2.
-σθε
3.
-ντο
N.I.      #   indicates  no  ending,   called  a  zero   form
N.2.      (v)   indicates  v-movable:      §321

138
8.   Inflectional  Categories  in  the  Verb  System
(Indicative  Mood)    (§4750)
I.     Present
II.   Future
Present  active/middle-passive
1.    ω-verbs  uncontracted   (§§367-3670)
2.    ω-verbs  contracted   (§§368-3691)
3.    μι,-verbs   (§§370-3712)
Imperfect  active/middle-passive
1.    ω-verbs  uncontracted   (§§401-4010)
2.    ω-verbs   contracted   (§§402-4031)
3.    ui-verbs   (§§404-4050)
Future   active/middle
1.    regular   (§§373-3750)
2.    liquid   (§§376,   377)
-ί£ω  verbs   (§3760)
3.    Doric   (§3761)
4.    Without  tense
formant   (§3763)
III.     Aorist
IV.     Perfect
Aorist  active/middle
1.    second  aorist   (§§407-4070)
2.    first  aorist   (§§408-409)
3.    liquid  aorists   (§410)
4.     'root1   aorists   (§411)
5.    κ-aorists   (§§412-4121)
6.    mixed   (§4122)
V.     Perfect  middle-passive
Perfect  active
1.    first  perfect
(§§385,   386-3860)
2.    second  perfect
(§§3850,   387-3880)
Pluperfect  active
1.    first  pluperfect
(§§415-4150)
2.    second  pluperfect
(§§415-4150)
VI.     Aorist  passive
Perfect  middle-passive
(§§389-3922)
Pluperfect  middle-passive
(§§416-418)
Aorist  passive
1.    first  aorist  passive
(§§421-422)
2.    second  aorist  passive
(§§423-4241)
Future  passive
1.    first  future  passive
(§§393-3940)
2.    second  future  passive
(§§393-3940)

139
9.     etui
Present  Tense   (§371)
Sg.   1.     etui                     PI.   1.     έσμέν
2.     el                                 2.      έστέ
3.    εστί(ν)                      3.     etai(v)
Imperfect  Tense   (§405)
Sg.   1.     ήμην                     PI.   1.     fjuev,   ήμεθα
2.     ?ic,   ήσθα                     2.     f)xe
3.     fiv                                 3.     fjoav
Future  Tense   (§378)
Sg.   1.      δσομαυ                 PI.   1.      έσόμεθα
2.     ficnj                               2.     δσεσθε
3.     δσται                           3.     ίσονται
10.     Key   for  Identifying  the  Verb   (§431)
431.            The  key   for  verb   identification   covers   the  subjunctive,
optative,   infinitive,   and  participle,   as  well   as   the   indicative
mood.
Prefixes
431.1          Augment:     if  the  verb  shows   augment,   it  must  be  aorist,
imperfect,   or  pluperfect   (in  the  order  of   frequency;   the   augment
is  usually  omitted  with  the  pluperfect  in   the  New  Testament).
§§0335-3400.
4 31.11        Present  tense   stem  augmented  and   secondary  endings:
imperfect.
431.12         Aorist  tense  stem  augmented:     second  aorist  indicative
431.121       First  will  have  -σα  as  suffix

140
431.13         Pluperfect  will  have  reduplicated  stem
431.2         Re duplication ζ     if  the  verb  stem  is  reduplicated,   the
form  will  most  often  be  perfect   (or  pluperfect).     §§341-3450.
431.20         There  are  reduplicated  stems  in  the  present  and  aorist
tenses  also   (§345)
Suffixes
431.3         Tense  suffixes
431.31       σ  added  to  present  stem:     future
431.32       σα  added  to  aorist  stem:     first  aorist
431.33       κα  added  to  verb  stem,   either  first  perfect  or  aorist
of  μι-verbs
431.34       θη    (η)   added  to  aorist  passive   stem:      aorist  passive
431.35       θησ   (ησ)   added  to  aorist  passive  stem:     future  passive
431.4         Mood  suffixes
431.41       Lengthened  thematic  vowel   (ω/η):     subjunctive
431.42        in   in  place  of  thematic  vowel:     optative
431.43       Thematic  vowel  plus   ι:     optative
431.5         Other  suffixes
431.51       -ειν  or  -αι   attached  to  the  tense  stem:     infinitive
431.52       -ντ-,   -οτ-,   -μενο-  as  part  of  the  suffix:     participle
Note:     The  nominative  singulars  of  participles   are
the  exception.