Emergency War Agencies

Office for Emergency Management

The Office for Emergency Management was established in the Executive Office of the President by administrative order of May 25, 1940, in accordance with Section I (6) of Executive Order 8248, of September 8, 1939, which provides that there shall be, "in the event of a national emergency, or threat of a national emergency, such office for emergency management as the President shall determine."

On February 28, 1941, the President reallocated to the Office for Emergency Management the funds already made available to the Advisory Commission to the Council of National Defense. These funds were used for administrative and operating expenses of the Office for Emergency Management and such agencies as were established in or coordinated through it.

The Office for Emergency Management as such formerly has certain stated functions which were performed under the direction of the Liaison Officer for Emergency Management. This official existed under the terms of the administrative order issued by the President on January 7, 1941, to the effect that "provision may be made in the Office for Emergency Management for liaison facilities. . . ." When the President, by letter of november 3, 1943, accepted the resignation of the Liaison Officer for Emergency Management, he appointed no successor; the effect was to terminate the liaison facilities under the optional provisions of administrative order of January 7, 1941.

The Office for Emergency Management is primarily a framework within the confines of the Executive Office of the President, with which framework various civilian war agencies have been established. It has served as a major device for organizing the War Program. At present the Office for Emergency Management embraces the following war agencies: Committee on Fair Employment Practices, Foreign Economic Administration, National War Labor Board, Office of Alien Property Custodian, Office of Civilian Defense, Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs, Office of Defense Transportation, Office of Economic Stabilization, Office of Scientific Research and Development, Office of War Information, War Manpower Commission, War Production Board, and War Shipping Administration.

Committee on Fair Employment Practice

261 Constitution Avenue NW.
REpublic 7500, Branch 5101

Members
     
Chairman Malcolm Ross
  John Brophy (Congress of Industrial Organizations)
Boris Shishkin (American Federation of Labor)
Milton P. Webster (International Vice President, Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters)
Sara Southall (International Harvester Company)
Charles L. Horn (President, Federal Cartridge Company)
Charles H. Houston (Attorney)

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Staff
     
Deputy Chairman George M. Johnson
Administrative Officer Theodore A. Jones
Director, Field Operations William Maslow
Director, Review and Analysis John A. Davis


Creation and Authority.--The Committee on Fair Employment Practice, established within the Office of Production Management (superseded by the War Production Board) by Executive Order 8802, of June 25, 1941, was transferred to the War Manpower Commission by Presidential letter, effective July 30, 1942. This Committee ceased to exist upon the establishment of a new Committee on Fair Employment Practice within the Office for Emergency Management by Executive Order 9346, of May 27, 1943.

Purpose.--The purpose of the new Committee is to promote the fullest utilization of all available manpower and to eliminate discriminatory employment practices. Executive Order 9346 provides that:

  1. All agencies of the Government of the United States shall include in all contracts a provision obligating the contractor not to discriminate against any employee or applicant for employment because of race, creed, color, or national origin.

  2. All Federal agencies concerned with vocational and training programs for war production shall take all measures appropriate to assure that such programs are administered without discrimination.

  3. The Committee shall formulate policies to achieve the purposes of this order and shall make recommendations to the various Federal departments and agencies. it shall also recommend to the Chairman of the War Manpower Commission appropriate measures for bringing about the full utilization and training of manpower in and for war production without discrimination.

  4. The Committee shall receive and investigate complaints of discrimination. It may conduct hearings, make findings of fact, and take appropriate steps to obtain elimination of such discrimination.

  5. The Committee shall assume jurisdiction over all complaints and matters pending before the old Committee.

  6. The Committee shall have the power to promulgate such rules and regulations as may be appropriate or necessary to carry out the provisions of the order.

Field Offices--Committee on Fair Employment Practice
Region Director Headquarters
Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York Edward H. Lawson 350 Fifth Avenue, New York 1, N.Y.
Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware G. James Fleming 21 S. Twelfth Street, Philadelphia 7, Pa.
      Suboffice Milo A. Manly, Examiner in Charge 412 Fulton Building, Sixth Avenue and Duquesne Way, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Maryland, West Virginia, North Carolina, Virginia, District of Columbia Joseph H.B. Evans 261 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington 25, D.C.

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Field Offices--Committee on Fair Employment Practice--Continued
Region Director Headquarters
Ohio, Kentucky, Michigan. William T. McKnight. 860 Union Commerce Building, E. Ninth Street and Euclid Avenue, Cleveland 14, Ohio.
      Suboffice. Harold James, Examiner in Charge. 713 Keith Building, Cincinnati, Ohio.
      Suboffice. Edward M. Swan, Examiner in Charge. 1516 Penobscot Building, Griswold and Fort Streets, Detroit, Mich.
Indiana, Wisconsin, North Dakota, Nebraska, South Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois. Elmer W. Henderson. Room 1549, 222 W. Adams, Chicago 6, Ill.
Georgia, South Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama, Florida. Witherspoon Dodge Room 525, 10 Forsyth Street Building, Atlanta 3, Ga.
Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Colorado, Idaho, Wyoming, Montana, Utah. Roy A. Hoglund 724 Rialto Building, 906 Grand Avenue, Kansas City 6, Mo.
      Suboffice. Theodore E. Brown, Examiner in Charge. 1125 Paul Brown Building, St. Louis 1, Mo.
Western Texas, Arizona, New Mexico. Dr. Carlos Casteneda. 1001 Mercantile Bank Building, Ervay and Main Streets, Dallas, Tex.
California, Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Arizona. Harry L. Kingman. 627 Furniture Mart Building, 1355 Market Street, San Francisco, Calif.
      Suboffice. Robert E. Brown, Jr., Examiner in Charge. 642 Western Pacific Building, 1031 S. Broadway, Los Angeles, Calif.
Eastern Texas, Mississippi, Louisiana. W. Don Ellinger 1015 Carondelet Building, New Orleans, La.

Approved

Malcolm Ross
Chairman

Foreign Economic Administration

Temporary Building T, Fourteenth Street and Constitution Avenue NW.
EXecutive 7030, Branch 645

Absorbed Office of Lend-Lease Adminstration on September 25, 1943, under Executive Order 9380.

Officials
Administrator Leo T. Crowley
Deputy Administrator Oscar Cox
Deputy Administrator Henry W. Riley
Special Assistant to the Administrator Sidney Sherwood
Special Assistant to the Administrator James W. Angell
Assistant Deputy Administrator James A. Perkins
Director, Clearing Office for Foreign Transactions and Reports Homer Jones
General Counsel Alfred E. Davidson
Assistant to the Administrator William Griffin
Assistant to the Administrator Joseph Juran
Assistant to the Administrator Whiting Willauer
Assistant to the Administrator H.H. Fowler
Assistant Administrator for Economic Programs (Office of Economic Programs) James W. Angell
Assistant Administrator for Budget and Administrative Planning (Office of Budget and Administrative Planning) Walter H. Duncan
Assistant Administrator for Personnel (Office of Personnel) Kenneth O. Warner
Assistant Administrator for Finance (Office of Finance) L.W. A'Hearn
Assistant Administrator for Management Services (Office of Management Services) Rex A. Anderson

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Executive Director for Supplies, Bureau of Supplies Sidney H. Scheuer
      Deputy Director Kurt Lowenstein
      Executive Officer Paul C. Gerhart
      Director, Foreign Procurement and Development Branch Arthur Z. Gardiner
      Director, Requirements and Supply Branch Samuel H. Lebensburger
      Director, Office of Food Programs Herbert W. Parisius
      Director, Transportation and Storage Branch Harold M. Salisbury
      Chief, Commercial Transactions Staff Ben H. Reese
      Chief Engineer, Engineering Service Alex Taub
      Chief, Trade Relations Staff Mason Manghum
      Chief, Surplus Disposal Branch Sidney H. Scheuer
Executive Director for Areas, Bureau of Areas Arthur Paul
      Deputy Executive Director (Vacancy)
      Executive Officer Robert J. Carmody
      Director, Liberated Areas Branch Rupert Emerson
      Director, Special Areas Branch John R. Fleming, Acting
      Director, General Areas Branch Charles Denby
      Director, German and Austrian Branch H.H. Fowler, Acting
      Director, Pan American Branch George L. Bell
      Director, Field Operations Staff Myron L. Black

Bibliography
  • All for One; One for All: The Story of Lend-Lease
  • Lend-Lease Shipments, World War II (Inventory of War Department Shipments to 31 December 1946)
  • Export-Import Bank of Washington

    (811 Vermont Avenue NW. EXecutive 3111, Branch 627)

    Board of Trustees:

    Officials:

    Petroleum Reserves Corporation

    (Department of the Interior Building, REpublic 1820, Branch 2345)

    Board of Directors:

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    Officials:

    Rubber Development Corporation

    (101 Indiana Avenue NW. EXecutive 3111, Branch 1574)

    Directors:

    Officials:

    U.S. Commercial Company

    (2403 Temporary Building U, Fourteenth Street and Constitution Avenue NW)
    EXecutive 7030, Branch 2060)

    Board of Directors:

    Officials:

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    Creation and Authority.--The Foreign Economic Administration was established within the Office for Emergency Management by Executive Order 9380, of September 25, 1943, to unify and consolidate governmental activities relating to foreign economic affairs. The order transferred to the Administration the Office of Lend-Lease Administration, the Office of Foreign Relief and Rehabilitation Operations, the Office of Foreign Relief and Rehabilitation Operations, the Office of Economic Warfare (together with the agencies1 and functions transferred thereto by Executive Order 9361, of July 15, 1943), and the foreign procurement activities of the War Food Administration and the Commodity Credit corporation to the Foreign Economic Administration.

    Organization.--The Office of the Administrator comprises two Deputy Administrators, two Special Assistants and four Assistants to the Administrator, advisers, and special consultants. Six staff offices, headed by a General Counsel and five Assistant Administrators, report directly to the Office of the Administrator. The staff offices include: General Counsel, Economic Programs, Budget and Administrative Planning, Personnel, Finance, and Management Services.

    The Bureau of Supplies includes the following branches and services: Foreign Procurement and Development Branch, Requirements and Supply Branch, Office of Food Programs, Transportation and Storage Branch, Commercial Transactions Staff, Engineering Service, a Trade Relations Staff, and appropriate consolidated commodity divisions. The Bureau of Areas includes the following branches: Liberated Areas, Special Areas, General Areas, German and Austrian, and Pan American, as well as a Field Operations Staff.

    Bureau of Supplies.--In general, the Bureau of Supplies analyzes foreign requirement and requisitions with reference to availability of supplies; presents supply claims to the appropriate allocating agencies; arranges for procurement of supplies in the United States, and initiates and administers procurement and development in foreign countries; regulates and expedites the flow of commercial exports; arranges for transportation, warehousing, and redistribution of commodities and materials; and performs other duties as outlined in the orders. In carrying out may of its activities, this Bureau cooperates closely with the Bureau of Areas, directing its programs within the framework of area determinations.

    Bureau of Areas.--In general, the Bureau of Areas makes broad program decisions regarding Foreign Economic Administration operations in all areas, coordinating such programs and harmonizing them with State Department foreign policy and with military activities and request; analyzes foreign requirements with reference to area considerations, and assists the Bureau of Supplies in presentations to allocating agencies; is responsible for economic intelligence and analysis work, and for preclusive buying and other economic programs; develops and directs FEA [Foreign Economic Administration] programs for liberated areas, including assigned activities related to participation in United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration operations; supervises FEA field

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    work; and performs other duties as outlined, working closely with the Bureau of Supplies in many of its activities.

    All foreign representatives of the various agencies and corporations which have been merged in the Foreign Economic Administration have been placed in the FEA foreign mission, bringing actual consolidation of administrative machinery abroad as well as in the United States.

    Export-Import Bank of Washington

    Creation and Authority.--The President, pursuant to authority granted to him by section 2 of title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act (48 Stat. 195), as amended, directed, by Executive Order 6581, dated February 2, 1934, the organization of a District of Columbia banking corporation under the name of Export-Import Bank of Washington.

    The Secretary of State and the Secretary of Commerce were authorized and directed to cause the corporation to be formed with such certificate of incorporation and bylaws as they should deem necessary to define the methods by which the corporation should conduct its business. The certificate of incorporation of the Bank was filed in the office of the Recorder of Deeds of the District of Columbia on February 12, 1934.

    The act approved January 31, 1935, as amended (15 U.S.C. 713b), continues the Bank as an agency of the United States until January 22, 1947. Executive Order 9361 of July 15, 1943, transferred the Bank to the Office of Economic Warfare, which, by Executive Order 9380 of September 25, 1943, was consolidated into the Foreign Economic Administration.

    Purpose.--The purpose of the Bank is to aid in financing and to facilitate exports, imports, and the exchange of commodities between the United States and any of its Territories or insular possessions and any foreign country or its agencies or nationals. The act approved September 26, 1940 (54 Stat. 961), increased the authorized limit of loans outstanding at any one time from $200,000,000 to $70,000,000 to enable the Bank to make loans, inter alia, to assist in the development of the resources, the stabilization of the economies, and the orderly marketing of the products of the countries of the Western Hemisphere.

    Petroleum Reserves Corporation

    Creation and Authority.--On June 30 1943, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation established the Petroleum Reserves Corporation pursuant to section 5d of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation Act. Executive Order 9361 of July 15, 1943, transferred the Corporation to the Office of Economic Warfare, which, by Executive Order 9380 of September 25, 1943, was consolidated into the Foreign Economic Administration.

    Purpose.--The purpose of the Corporation is to buy or to otherwise acquire reserves of crude petroleum from sources outside the United States, including the purchase or acquisition of stock in corporations owning such reserves or interests therein, and to store, transport, produce, process, manufacture, sell, market, and otherwise dispose of

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    such crude petroleum and the products derived therefrom. It is also authorized to construct and operate outside the United States such refineries, pipelines, storage tanks, and other facilities as are necessary in connection with carrying out the objects and purposes of the Corporation.

    Rubber Development Corporation2

    Creation and Purpose.--Rubber Development Corporation is a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware. Executive Order 9380, dated September 25, 1943, transferred the capital stock (including all of the issued and outstanding shares of stock which were held by Reconstruction Finance Corporation) to the control of the Administrator of the Foreign Economic Administration.

    Rubber Development Corporation is managed by a Board of Directors elected by the stockholders and by officers appointed by the Board of Directors. The principal office of Rubber Development Corporation is in Washington, D.C. Representatives of Rubber Development Corporation are stationed in all principal foreign countries in which the Corporation is engaged in business.

    The Corporation is engaged in carrying on all activities connected with, arising out of, or in any way related to the exploration, development, and procurement of crude rubber, balata, cryptostegia, guayule, and other gums of similar utility in all areas outside the continental United States for which the United States has assumed responsibility. It is also engaged in the procurement of liquid latex, scrap rubber, and reclaimed rubber and rubber products in foreign countries.

    U.S. Commercial Company

    Creation and Authority.--The U.S. Commercial Company was created March 27, 1942, as a subsidiary of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. Executive Order 9361 of July 15, 1943, transferred control of the U.S. Commercial Company to the Office of Economic Warfare, which, by executive Order 9380 of September 25, 1943, was consolidated into the Foreign Economic Administration.

    Activities.--The Company serves as the corporate agent of the Foreign Economic Administration for the procurement and development of strategic materials and essential foodstuffs, outside the United States, the operation of certain special projects for the Army and Navy in war zones, the execution of certain kinds of economic warfare against the enemy, and the facilitating of American trade with areas with which direct commercial dealings have been cut off or restricted by reason of the war.

    Approved.

    Leo T. Crowley
    Administrator

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    National War Labor Board

    Department of Labor Building
    REpublic 7500, Branch 75433

    Members
    Representing the Public
    Chairman George W. Taylor (Professor of Economics, University of Pennsylvania)
    Frank P. Graham (President, University of North Carolina)
    Lloyd K. Garrison (Dean of Law School, University of Wisconsin)
    (Vacancy)

    Alternates--to serve in case of absence of a member:

    Lewis M. Gill (Former Chairman, Cleveland Regional Board)
    Dexter M. Keezer (Former President of Reed College)
    Edwin F. Witte (Professor of Economics, University of Wisconsin)
    Nathan P. Feinsinger (Professor, University of Wisconsin Law School)

    Representing the Employee
    Van A. Bittner (Assistant to the President, United Steelworkers of America, Congress of Industrial Organizations
    George Meany (Secretary-Treasurer, American Federation of Labor)
    R.J. Thomas (President, United Automobile Works or America, CIO)
    Matthew Woll (Vice President, AFL)

    Alternates--to serve in case of absence of a member:

    John Brophy (Director of Industrial Union Councils, CIO)
    Martin P. Durkin (President, United Association of Plumbers and Steamfitters of the United States and Canada, AFL)
    Emil Rieve (President, Textile Workers Union of America, CIO)
    Robert J. Watt (International Representative, AFL)

    Representing the Employer
    Frederick S. Fales (Formerly Vice President and Director, Socony Vacuum Corporation)
    Horace B. Horton (Treasurer, Chicago Bridge and Iron Corporation)
    George H. Mead (Chairman of the Board, Mead Corporation)
    James Tanham (Vice President of the Texas Company

    Alternates--to serve in case of absence of a member:

    J. Holmes Davis (Chairman of the Board, Spofford Mills Incorporated)
    Lee H. Hill (Vice President, Allis-Chalmers Mfg. Co.)
    Walter T. Margetts (McLanaghan, Merrit and Ingraham)
    John P. McWilliams (President, youngstown Steel Door Co.)

    Staff
    Executive Director Theodore W. Kheel
    General Counsel Jesse Friedin
    Deputy Executive Director Fred E. Desmond
    Director of Administrative Management W.R. Little
    Director of Disputes Division Leonard Berliner
    Director of Public Information Archie W. Robinson
    Director of Wage Stabilization C.R. Daugherty


    Creation and Authority.--As a result of a conference of representatives of labor and industry which met at the call of the President on December 17, 1941, there was established within the Office for Emergency Management the National War Labor Board by Executive Order 9017, dated January 12, 1942. The National Defense

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    Mediation Board, established by Executive Order 8716 of March 19, 1941, ceased to exist upon creation of the National War Labor Board. All duties with respect to cases certified to the National Defense Mediation Board were assumed by the National War Labor Board.

    Executive Order 9250 of October 3, 1942, issued pursuant to the act of October 2, 1942 (56 Stat. 765; 50 App. U.S.C. 961), amending the Price Control Act of 1942, extended the authority of the Board so that no increases or decreases in wage rates may be made without its approval. On October 27, 1942, the Director of Economic Stabilization delegated to the Board similar authority over salary rates under $5,000, with a few exceptions.

    Additional statutory authority was given the Board by Congress in the War Labor Disputes (Smith-Connally) Act of June 25, 1943. This act authorized the Board to settle all labor disputes affecting the war effort and to provide by order the "terms and condition . . . governing the relations between the parties which shall be in effect until further order of the Board."

    Provision for effectuating compliance with orders of the War Labor Board through the Director of Economic Stabilization was made in Executive Order 9370 of August 16 1943.

    Purpose.--Executive Order 9017 provides that "the procedures for adjusting and settling labor disputes which might interrupt work which contributes to the effective prosecution of the war shall be as follows: (a) The parties shall first resort to direct negotiations or to the procedures provided in a collective bargaining agreement. (b) If not settled in this manner, the Commissioners of Conciliation of the Department of Labor shall be notified if they have not already intervened in the dispute. (c) If not promptly settled by conciliation, the Secretary of Labor shall certify the dispute on its own motion. After it takes jurisdiction, the Board shall finally determine the dispute, and for this purpose may use mediation, voluntary arbitration, or arbitration under the rules established by the Board."

    The order does not apply to labor disputes for which procedures for adjustment or settlement are otherwise provided until those procedures have been exhausted.

    Under Executive Order 9328, of April 8, 1943, and a subsequent clarification of that order by the Director of Economic Stabilization on May 12, 1943, the Board is authorized to approve increases in rates prevailing on September 15, 1942, only if such increases are necessary to eliminate substandards of living, to correct gross inequities up to the minimum of sound and tested going rates in the area, to apply the Little Steel formula, or in rare and unusual cases where necessary to aid in the effective prosecution of the war. The Board may also make reasonable adjustments in case of promotions, reclassifications, merit increases, incentive wages, or the like.

    In January 1943, the Board delegated authority over all labor disputes and wage and salary adjustment cases to 12 Regional War Labor Boards. The Washington Board retains original jurisdiction of policy-making cases, and sits as a supreme court to hear appeals from the Regional Boards.

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    Regional Boards.--The National War Labor Board uses the services of the field organization of the Wage and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions of the Department of Labor. These field offices will answer specific questions by employers and employees in their localities pertaining to the wage and salary adjustments over which the NWLB has jurisdiction, and will provide forms on which to make application for adjustments of such wages and salaries. These forms are submitted by the Wage and Hour Division to the appropriate Regional War labor Board.

    Regional Boards--National War Labor Board
    Region Regional Chairman Address
    No. 1. Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut Saul Wallen 209 Washington Street, Boston 8, Mass.
    No. 2. New York, northern New Jersey Thomas L. Norton 220 E. Forty-second Street, New York 17, N.Y.
    No. 3. Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, southern New Jersey Sylvester Garrett 21 So. Twelfth Street, Philadelphia 7, Pa.
    No. 4. Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Virginia. M.T. Van Hecke 116 Candler Building, Atlanta 1, Ga.
    No. 5. Ohio, West Virginia, Kentucky Frederick H. Bullen 3rd Floor, Guardian Building, 629 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland 14, Ohio.
    No. 6. Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota Edgar L. Warren McCormick Building, 332 S. Michigan Avenue, Chicago 6, Ill.
    No. 7. Missouri, Arkansas, Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa Paul F. Nachtman 11th Floor, Fidelity Building, Kansas City 6, Mo.
    No. 8. Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma Wales F. Madden New Mercantile Bank Building, Dallas 2, Tex.
    No. 9. Colorado, Nw Mexico, Montana, Wyoming, utah, Idaho. J. Glenn Donaldson 300 Paramount Building, Denver 2, Colo.
    No. 10. California, Nevada, Arizona Thomas F. Neblett 1355 Market Street, San Francisco 3, Calif.
    No. 11. Michigan Louis C. Mariani 230 Penobscot Building, Detroit 26, Mich.
    No. 12. Oregon, Washington, Alaska George Bernard Noble 1411 Fourth Avenue Building, Seattle 1, Wash.

    Approved.

    George W. Taylor
    Chairman


    Office of Alien Property Custodian

    National Press Building, Washington 25, D.C.; DIstrict 8515
    Equitable Building, New York 5, N.Y.; COurtland 7-8603

    Officials
    Alien Property Custodian James E. Markham
    Deputy Alien Property Custodian Francis J. McNamara
    General Counsel John Ernest Roe
    Executive Officer William H. Moore
    Secretary Lloyd L. Shaulis

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    Executive Departments
    Chief, Division of Business Operations and Liquidation Charles R. Bergherm
    Chief, Division of Research and Statistics Fritz Machlup
    Chief, Division of Investigation Henry Hilken
    Chief, Division of Patent Administration Howland H. Sargeant
    Chief, Property Division Thomas H. Creighton, Jr.
    Comptroller William E. Downey
    Manager, New York Office Frank J. Garvey
    Manager, San Francisco Office A.L. Stoner
    Manager, Honolulu Office Roger E. Brooks


    Creation and Authority.--The Office of Alien Property Custodian was established in the Office for Emergency Management by Executive Order 9095 of March 11, 1942, under the specific authority of the Trading with the Enemy Act, as amended. The functions and duties of the Office of Alien Property Custodian were further defined by Executive Order 9193 of July 6, 1942, amending Executive Order 9095.

    Activities.--The Alien Property Custodian is authorized to control of vest foreign-owned property, whether the ownership rests with a foreign government or with an individual who is a national of a foreign country, or with a business enterprise which is a national of a foreign country. Once vested, such property shall be held, used, administered, liquidated, sold, or otherwise dealt with in the interest of and for the benefit of the United States.

    The Alien Property Custodian is authorized and empowered to take such action as he deems necessary in the national interest, including,but not limited to, the power to direct, manage, supervise, control, or vest, with respect to:

    1. Any business enterprise within the United States which is an enemy national.

    2. Any other business enterprise in the United States which is a foreign national, after determination by the Custodian and certification to the Secretary of the Treasury that the action is necessary in the national interest.

    3. Any other property within the United States owned or controlled by an enemy government or national, except cash, deposits, securities, and similar property, the latter being subject to control only when they are determined to be necessary for the maintenance of property subject to vesting belonging to the same enemy country or national.

    4. Any patent, copyright, and trademark and related property and interests, in which any foreign government or national has any interest.

    5. Any ship in which there is any foreign interest.

    6. Any property in process of administration by any person acting under judicial supervision, or which is in partition, libel, condemnation, or other similar proceedings and which is owned or claimed by an enemy government or national.

    The Alien Property Custodian is also authorized to issue regulations concerning the service of process or notice upon persons in enemy countries or enemy-occupied territory in connection with court or administrative actions or proceedings, and to represent such persons in such actions or proceedings.

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    Executive Order 9142 of April 21, 1942, transferred to the Alien Property Custodian all authority, rights, privileges, powers, duties, and functions transferred or delegated to the Department of Justice (Alien Property Division) by Executive Order 6694 of May 1, 1934, or delegated to the Attorney General or Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Claims Division of the Department of Justice by Executive Order 8136 of May 15, 1939, as well as all personnel and property, including funds, of the Alien Property Division of the Department of Justice.

    All litigation in which the Alien Property Custodian or the Office of Alien Property Custodian is interested is, under the provisions of Executive Order 9142, to be conducted under the supervision of the Attorney General.

    The liquidation of vested property, except patents, is being effected through a program of public sales. More than 44,000 patents and patent applications formerly owned by nationals of enemy countries and enemy-occupied territories are being license to American industry.

    Approved.

    James E. Markham
    Alien Property Custodian


    Office of Civilian Defense

    499 Pennsylvania Avenue NW.
    REpublic 7500, Branch 6327

    Officials
    Director William N. Haskell
    Deputy Director Col. Frank A. McNamee, Jr.
    Medical Assistant in Charge of Emergency Medical Service Dr. Thomas B. McKneely
    Division of Federal-State Cooperation Chief Leonard L. Henninger
    Protection Services Division Chief Col. Augustine S. Janeway
    Protective Property Division Chief Col. Edward L. White
    Industrial Protection Division Chief Col. John B. Warden
    Reports and Awards Office Chief Elwyn A. Mauck
    Administrative Division Chief G.A. Bonnstetter
    Civilian Defense Board
    Chairman William N. Haskell
    Ex officio:  
        Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson
        Attorney General Francis Biddle
        Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal
        Chairman, War Manpower Commission Paul V. McNutt
    Appointive:  
        Earl Mallery (Executive Director, American Municipal Association)
        Basil O'Connor (Chairman, American Red Cross)
        Maurice J. Tobin (Governor of Massachusetts)

    --72--

    Creation and Authority.--The Office of Civilian Defense was established within the Office for Emergency Management by Executive Order 8757 of May 20, 1941, amended by Executive Orders 8799 of June 20, 1941, 8822 of July 16, 1941, and 9134 of April 15, 1942. A Civilian Defense Board was created by Executive Order 9134 to advise and assist the Director of the Office of Civilian Defense.

    Purpose.--The Office was established to assure effective coordination of Federal relations with State and local governments engaged in the furtherance of war programs; to provide for necessary cooperation with State and local governments with respect to measures for adequate protection of the civilian population in war emergencies; and to facilitate participation by all persons in war programs.

    To carry out its functions, the Office of Civilian Defense has four operating divisions--Federal-State Cooperation, Protection Services, Protective Property, and Industrial Protection.

    Division of Federal-State Cooperation.--Facilitates cooperation between the States and the Federal agencies which sponsor programs essential to the successful prosecution of the war, that require community participation and the services of volunteers. Through State Defense Councils, the division aids and encourages community organization for civilian war services, but the several Federal agencies retain full responsibility for providing technical advice and guidance in their respective States. Most usual are programs on health, hosing, manpower, recreation, welfare and child care, agriculture, consumer interests, nutrition, salvage, transportation, and war savings. Volunteers serving in civilian war services programs are members of the United States Citizens Service Corps. Boys and girls under 16 years of age volunteering their services under the supervision of adult group leaders are enrolled in the Junior Citizens Service Corps.

    Protection Services Division.--Develops comprehensive programs for training and organizing volunteers to safeguard the civilian population by such means as blackouts, camouflage, civilian evacuation, protective construction, and other defense against air attacks. Also, it develops programs of rescue of endangered persons, demolition of damaged structures and clearance of necessary thoroughfares, repair of disrupted utilities, auxiliary fire and police services, and many other measures to combat war-related emergencies and disasters. These programs are put into effect through the United States Citizens Defense Corps.

    Protective Property Division.--Administers the protective property and equipment purchased by the Federal Government for loan through the Office of Civilian Defense to States and communities in accordance with the provisions of the act approved January 27, 1942 (56 Stat. 19; 50 U.S.C. App. 741), which authorized an appropriation of $100,000,000 for this purpose. This Division allocates, authorizes shipment, sends instructions on care and maintenance, and inspects equipment loaned to such local communities "as may be determined by the said Director (of OCD) to be in need of, but unable to provide, such protection."

    Industrial Protection Division.--Provides assistance to industrial plants regarding protection against wartime industrial hazards such

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    as fire and accidents and against enemy action such as sabotage. The Division advises the State War Inspection Service and State Plant Protection Officers on standards of industrial protection and methods of training and organization of plant protection personnel and assists them in the establishment of effective protection programs.

    State Defense Councils.--The State Defense Councils listed below Re responsible for the 11,400 local Defense Councils in which there are enrolled approximately 11,000,000 volunteers.

    State Civilian Defense Councils
    State Officer Address
    Alabama Haygood Paterson, Executive Director. State Defense Council, P.O. Box 196, Montgomery 1.
    Arizona E.P. McDowell, Executive Secretary State Defense Council, 409 Arizona State Building, Phoenix.
    Arkansas L.A. Henry, Secretary State Defense Council, 326 State Capitol, Little Rock.
    California Vandyce Hamren, Director State Defense Council, Administration Building, State Fair Grounds, 2751 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento 7.
    Colorado Donald C. Bromfield, Coordinator State Council of Defense, 704 Midland Savings Building, Denver 2.
    Connecticut Henry B. Mosle, Administrator State War Council, State Armory, Broad Street, Hartford 1.
    Delaware Gerrish Glassaway, Executive Vice Chairman State Council of Defense, 839 King Street, Wilmington 28.
    District of Columbia Capt. A.C. Whitehurst, Director D.C. Department of Civilian Defense, 306 District Building, Washington 4.
    Florida Gen. A.H. Blanding, Acting Executive Director State Defense Council, P.O. Box 1229, Tallahassee.
    Georgia Lon E. Sullivan, Director State Civilian Defense Council, 273 Capitol Avenue SW., Atlanta 3.
    Idaho Boise G. Riggs, Executive Secretary Department of Law Enforcement, P.O. Box 1129, Boise.
    Illinois Maj. Gen. Frank Parker, Executive Director State War Council, 188 W. Randolph Street, Chicago 1.
    Chicago (Metropolitan area) Mayor Edward J. Kelly, Coordinator Metropolitan Office of Civilian Defense, 23 N. Wacker Drive, Chicago 6.
    Indiana Clarence A. Jackson, Director State Defense Council, 300 Board of Trade Building, 143 North Meridian Street, Indianapolis 4.
    Iowa Rodney Q. Selby, Secretary State Industrial and Defense Commission, 708 Crocker Building, Des Moines 9.
    Kansas Scott Berridge, Executive Director State Council of Defense, Liberty Building, Topeka.
    Kentucky Gen. G.H. May, Director State Defense Council, New Capitol Building, Frankfort.
    Louisiana G.J. Meredith, Acting State Coordinator State Civilian Defense Council, State Capitol, P.O. Box 4213, Baton Rouge 4.
    Maine Col. F.H. Farnum, Director Civilian Defense Council, State House, August 1.
    Maryland William G. Ewald, Executive Director State Council of Defense, 503 O'Sullivan Building, Baltimore 2.
    Massachusetts J.W. Farley, Executive Director State Commission on Public Safety, 18 Tremont Street, Boston 8.
    Michigan Capt. Donald S. Leonard, Director State Council of Defense, Box 1318, Lansing 4.
    Minnesota Lester Badger, Director Division of Civil Defense, State Capitol, St. Paul 1.
    Mississippi Rev. Otis D. Ashworth, Director State War Council, P.O. Box 115, Jackson 102.

    --74--

    State Civilian Defense Councils--Continued
    State Officer Address
    Missouri James A. Potter, Administrator State Council of Defense, Governor Hotel, Jefferson City.
    Montana William G. Ferguson, Coordinator State War Council, 337 Capitol Building, Helena.
    Nebraska C.H. Rhoades, Coordinator State Advisory Defense Committee, State House, Lincoln 9.
    Nevada Hugh A Shamberger, State Director State Council of Defense, Heroes Memorial Building, Carson City.
    New Hampshire Noel Wellman, Director State Council of Defense, Room 405 State House Annex, Concord.
    New Jersey Judge Wm. A. Wachenfeld, Director Office of Civilian Defense, 114th Infantry Armory, Trenton 8.
    New York Harold H.Schaff, Executive Secretary State War Council, State Capitol, Albany 1.
    North Carolina R.L. McMillan, Director State Office of Civilian Defense, 515 Commercial Building, Raleigh.
    North Dakota Brig. Gen. L.R. Baird, Executive Officer and Vice Chairman. State Defense Council, Bismarck.
    Ohio Ralph H. Stone, Director State Council of Defense, 101 N. High Street, Columbus 4.
    Oklahoma R.M. Mallonee, Director State War Council, 427 State Capitol, Oklahoma City 5.
    Oregon Jack A. Hayes, Acting Administrator State Defense Council, 408 State Office Building, Salem.
    Pennsylvania Dr. Ralph Cooper Hutchison, Executive Director State Council of Defense, State Capitol Building, Harrisburg 1.
    Rhode Island Lt. Col. George R. Thompson, Director State Council of Defense, Armory of Mounted Commands, N. Maine Street, Providence 4.
    South Carolina Col. John A. Brockman, Director State Council of Defense, 102 Wade Hampton Office Building, Columbia 10.
    South Dakota R.P. Harmon, Coordinator State Council of Defense, c/o Governor's Office, Pierre.
    Tennessee Will R. Manier, Jr., Coordinator State Defense Council, 418 Sixth Avenue N., Nashville 3.
    Texas Coke R. Stevenson, Chairman State War Council, Austin 11.
    Utah Gus P. Backman, Executive Vice Chairman State Council of Defense, P.O. box 329, Salt Lake City 8.
    Vermont Albert A. Cree, Executive Vice Chairman State Council of Safety, State House, Montpelier.
    Virginia John J. Howard, Coordinator State Office of Civilian Defense, Memorial Hall, 1201 E. Broad Street, Richmond 19.
    Washington W.A. Groce, Executive Director State Defense Council, Room 327, 305 Harrison Street, Seattle 9.
    West Virginia J. Howard Myers, Executive Director State Council of Defense, 1816 E. Washington Street, Charleston 1.
    Wisconsin Lt. Col. George R. Howitt, Director State Council of Defense, 231 W. Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee 3.
    Wyoming George O. Houser, Executive Secretary State Council of Defense, State Capitol, Cheyenne.

    Approved.

    William N. Haskell
    Director

    --75--

    Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs

    Department of Commerce Building, Washington 25, D.C., REpublic 7500, Branch 5321
    444 Madison Avenue, new York, N.Y., PLaza 5-3939

    Officials
    Deputy Coordinator Wallace K. Harrison
    Executive Director Victor Borella
         Director, Research Division William W. Diehl
    Assistant Coordinator (Information) (Vacancy)
         Director, Radio Division John W. Ogilvie
         Director, Motion Picture Division Francis L. Alstock
         Director, Regional Division John Akin
         Director, Education Division G. Kenneth Holland
         Director, Content Planning Division Charles H. Kline
    Assistant Coordinator (Press and Publications) Francis A. Jamieson
         Executive Assistant Nelson J. Riley
         Director, General News Division Jamie H. Plenn
         Director, Feature Division John M. Robey
         Director, Economic News Division Frederick R. Gardner
         Graphics and Publications Division Alexander L. Murphy
    Assistant Coordinator (Basic Economy) Dr. George C. Dunham
         Director, Health and Sanitation Division Harold B. Gotaas
         Director, Food Supply Division William C. Brister
    Assistant Coordinator (Special Services and Administration) Victor Borella
         Director, U.S. Education and Teachers Aid Division Harold E. Davis
         Director, Services and Field Coordination Division Walter Hecht
         Director, Personnel Division Thomas Klechak
         Director, Budget and Finance Division John W. Hisle
         Director, Service Operations Division John C. Floyd
    Assistant Coordinator (Transportation) Julian L. Schley
    General Counsel Lawrence H. Levy
    Counsel to Corporations Kenneth R. Iverson
    Special Assistant to the Deputy Coordinator Walter T. Prendergast


    Creation and Authority.--Executive Order 8840, dated July 30, 1941, established the Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs within the Office for Emergency Management.

    Purpose.--The functions of the Officer are to:

    1. "Serve as the center for the coordination of the cultural and commercial relations of the Nation affecting hemisphere defense.

    2. "Formulate and execute programs, in cooperation with the Department of State, which, by effective use of governmental and private facilities in such fields as the arts and sciences, education and travel, the radio, the press, and the cinema, will further th national defense and strengthen the bonds between the nations of the Western Hemisphere.

    3. "Formulate, recommend, and execute programs in the commercial and economic fields which, by the effective use of governmental and private facilities, will further the commercial well-being of the Western Hemisphere.

    4. "Assist in the coordination and carrying out of the purposes of Public Resolution 83 approved June 15, 1940, entitled 'To authorize

    --76--

      the Secretaries of War and of the Navy to assist the governments of American republics to increase their military and naval establishments and for other purposes.'

    1. "Review existing laws and recommend such new legislation as may be deemed essential to the effective realization of the basic cultural and commercial objectives of the Government's program of Hemisphere solidarity.

    2. "Exercise and perform all powers and functions now or heretofore vested in the Office for Coordination of Commercial and Cultural Relations between the American Republics, established by order of the Council of National Defense on August 15, 1940.

    3. "Keep the President informed with respect to progress made in carrying out this order; and perform such other related duties as the President may from time to time assign or delegate to it."

    Activities.--The Office has functioned to build up a strong mutual respect and understanding among all the nations of the Americas in order that they might be better prepared to meet jointly emergency wartime demands and to plan jointly for a sound post-war structure. The work is broadly divided between two fields of activity, economic and informational.

    A primary objective of the Office has been to cooperate in the sound economic development of the other American republics and many projects in the economic field have been undertaken not only by the Office of Inter-American Affairs but also by other agencies of the Government and by private groups. The Proclaimed List of Certain Blocked Nationals resulted from a study made by the Office with the cooperation of the Departments of State and Commerce.

    Another activity of the Office in the economic field has been an exhaustive study of the ownership of airlines in the other American republics, which revealed a large number of lines owned by Axis interests. A fund of $8,000,000 was allocated by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to the Defense Supplies Corporation to provide the necessary equipment for the purpose of getting airline control out of the hands of the Axis.

    The economic development program is designed to help develop and conserve the natural resources of the Americas through technical assistance in the increase of industrialization, encouragement of greater productivity, and the consequent rise in purchasing power. The Office seeks to remove barriers to trade and commerce, to improve markets for United States goods, and to make possible the greater flow of necessary raw materials to the United States.

    The Office works in close collaboration with the Inter-American Development Commission in stimulating economic development for the mutual benefit of all Western Hemisphere nations.

    In the field of agriculture, critical food shortages in the other American republics arising from wartime conditions have been alleviated by cooperative food supply programs carried on under the technical supervision of field parties from the United States through agreements with governments of the other republics. Under these programs food has been provided for United States Army and Navy personnel stationed in the other Americas as well as for workers engaged in the production of strategic materials. provision also has been made for continued future agricultural development and farm

    --77--

    training programs which are designed not to compete with export crops of the United States.

    The Offices's programs of health and sanitation, in cooperation with the countries concerned, is designed to fit into development work, with the object of stimulating the production of essential supplies for war needs. The most intensive work in the control, prevention, and treatment of disease is in areas of strategic importance in the war effort, such as the rubber-production area of the Amazon Valley, the Rio Doce Valley of Brazil, with its large mineral deposits, and the iron and coals fields in the Chimbote Valley of Peru and Central America. On request from the other republics, projects are in operation in 18 countries. Field parties consisting of tropical medicine specialists, sanitary engineers, and other technicians are collaborating with health authorities and medical specialists of cooperating countries.

    Because of the heavy demands made upon the transportation facilities of the other American republics to supply United States requirements of strategic war materials, all of these countries are experiencing increasing difficulty in keeping their transportation systems in operation. To meet this situation, the Office has placed increased emphasis on its transportation program. In this phase of activities the Office cooperates with the other republics by furnishing the services of technicians to advise on maintenance and operational methods. The work is carried out in close collaboration with the Department of State, War Shipping Administration, Office of Defense Transportation, Army, Navy, and other interested agencies.

    A large part of the program of the Office has been devoted to improving communications among the 21 republics. The program in this field has been greatly intensified since Pearl Harbor. Media such as the press, radio, and motion pictures are used. In response to a growing demand in the other Americas for information from the United States, a steady flow of news, articles, pictures, pamphlets, and research material relating to the United States war effort is prepared an distributed by the Office to newspapers and magazines in the other republics. Shortwave stations are supplied with approximately 40,000 words daily of news and news commentary in Spanish, Portuguese, and English. Press associations and feature and picture syndicates are regularly supplied with information and news material.

    In the field of radio, the Office has encouraged specially planned programs beamed to the other American republics. The purpose of this publication is to depict the progress of the American Hemisphere war effort.

    In the field of radio, the Office has encouraged specially planned programs beamed to the other Americas, in addition to programs of Latin American background for broadcast in this country. Specially transcribed programs of United States news broadcasts are prepared for use in the other republics. Under the present contractual agreements with shortwave broadcasting stations, the talent for producing programs for the other American republics has been pooled, and the

    --78--

    production of Spanish, Portuguese, and English programs has been centralized in three studios. Each program is now carried simultaneously by several stations.

    In the field of motion pictures, the Motion Picture Society for the Americas, Inc., has been created with the cooperation of various organizations of the motion picture industry. The Society represents the Office upon various committees within the industry and in general acts in an advisory capacity to the industry, correlating and reviewing motion picture activities affecting in any way the program of the Office of Inter-American Affairs. In addition, non-theatrical films are being produced and exhibited; 500 such films are in process of distribution both in the United States and in the other American republics. Through the cooperation of the five newsreel companies, an extensive program of distribution of newsreels of inter-American significance has been undertaken both in the United States and in the other American republics. Under this program, special reels of inter-American events are included in the regular weekly release of the newsreel companies and are seen by an estimated audience of 16,000,000 people each week in the other Americas. In addition to commercial releases, 16-millimeter newsreels are sent each week to the other American republics for non-theatrical distribution.

    A broad program of education has been an integral part of the Office of Inter-American Affairs since its inception. This program has been greatly intensified since the entry of the United States into the war. The program is designed to help forge bonds of mutual understanding and appreciation which form the basis of close cooperation in the Hemisphere war effort.

    In the United States, a program for the extension of inter-American education in schools, colleges, and universities centers on activities to improve teacher training and inter-American teaching aids and to promote Spanish and Portuguese instruction. The work is organized around cooperative projects with other agencies such as the Pan American Union, the United States Office of Education, State departments of education, and national educational organization.

    Other programs in the United States are carried out to assure that the people of this country are fully informed about the interdependent relations which exist between the United States and the other Hemisphere republics, especially in relation to the war effort. Activities include service to a large number of national organizations, local communities, and individuals who are concerned with inter-American programs.

    Through the Inter-American Educational Foundation, cooperative educational programs are being developed in the other American republics, with emphasis on general education, health and vocational training, and English language teaching. The programs are being carried out through bilateral agreements providing for the exchange of educators and the preparation and interchange of teaching materials.


    Inter-American Development Commission

    The Inter-American Development Commission, of which Nelson A. Rockefeller (former Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs) is

    --79--

    chairman, is a permanent international body set up by the Inter-American Financial and Economic Advisory Committee. The aim of the Commission is to encourage development of natural resources and industry in the other American republics. The Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs collaborates closely with the Commission.

    Approved.

    Wallace K. Harrison
    Deputy Coordinator


    Office of Defense Transportation

    Fifth Floor, Interstate Commerce Building
    REpublic 7500, Branch 6528

    Officials
    Director J.M. Johnson
    Executive Assistant to the Director Homer C. King
    Deputy Director Brig. Gen. Charles D. Young
    Executive Director Joseph L. White
    Chief Consultant--Rates G. Lloyd Wilson
    Staff Divisions
    General Counsel Clair M. Roddewig
    Assistant General Counsel Walter L. Baumgartner
    Assistant General Counsel Francis A. Silver
    Assistant General Counsel Frank Perrin
    Information Director Charles E.V.Prins
    Transport Personnel Division Director Arthur W. Motley
         Assistant Director William J. Micheels
    Storage Division Director Samuel G. Spear
         Consultant on Refrigerated Storage J.R. Shoemaker
    Materials and Equipment Division Director H.H. Kelly
         Assistant Division Director Carroll. W. Brown
    Rates Division Director Harry Wilson
         Assistant Division Director (Vacancy)
    Transport Departments
    Railway Transport Department Director J.H. Aydelott
    Assistant Directors:  
         Manpower G.R. Gallagher
         Operations J.E. Friend
         Traffic Linwood L. Adams
         Equipment and Structure S.E. Shoup
         Passenger Traffic V.T. Corbett
    Special Representative, Federal Manager T.P.&W. Railroad Holly Stover
    Regional Organization:  
         Eastern Director A.R. Pelnar (New York)
         Associate Eastern Director C.M. Moore (New York)
         Assistant Eastern Director Lee A. Christensen (New York)
         Assistant Eastern Director J.D. Gallery (Buffalo)
    Southern Director J.M. Hood (Washington)
    Assistant Southern Director J.P. Kiernan (Washington)
    Western Director W.F. Kirk (Chicago)
    Assistant Western Director J.M. Baths (Los Angeles)
    Associate Western Director, Ports N.S. Laidlaw (San Francisco)
    Associate Director, Ore and Grain F.S. Keiser (Chicago)

    --80--

    Highway Transport Department Director Guy A. Richardson
         Central Organization:  
         Property Operations Division Director H.R. Stickel
         Passenger Operations Division Director E.A. Roberts
         Federal Operations, Federal Manager E.T. Longennecker
         Equipment and Research Division Director W.S. Rainville, Jr.
         Management Division Director Ernest Jacobson
         Regional Operations Division Director T.H. Nicholl
              Assistant Division Director A.S. McEvoy
              Regional Directors:  
                    New York, N.Y. P.N. Simmons
                    Philadelphia, Pa. Melvin R. Green
                    Atlanta, Ga. John G. Caley
                    Cleveland, Ohio Robert D. Thomas
                    Chicago, Ill. Harry L. Gormley
                    Dallas, Tex. E.P. McCallum, Jr.
                    Denver, Colo. Asa J. Merrill
                    San Francisco, Calif. Robert O. Crowe
    Puerto Rican Transport Director M.G. deQuevedo (Washington)
         San Juan Regional Director Paul H. Quinn (San Juan, P.R.)
    Hawaiian Transport Regional Director James O'Dowda (Honolulu, T.H.)
    Alaskan Transport, Alaskan Representative John E. Pegues (Fairbanks, Alaska)
    Waterway Transport Department Director L.C. Turner
         Coastwise and Intercoastal Division Director Charles F. Kellers (New York)
         Inland Waterways Division Director Vacancy (Washington)
              Assistant Division Director A.W. Kitto (New Orleans)
         Great Lakes Carriers Division Director A.T. Wood (Cleveland)
    Liquid Transport Department Director Fayette B. Dow
         Deputy Director R.H. Lamberton
              Pipe Line Division Director R.W. Shields
              Tank Car Service Division Director A.V. Bourque
    Tank Trucks Division Director S.F. Niness


    Creation and Authority.--The Office of Defense Transportation was established in the Office for Emergency Management by Executive Order 8989, of December 18, 1941, in order to "define further the functions and duties of the Office for Emergency Management with respect to the state of war and to assure maximum utilization of the domestic transportation facilities of the Nation for the successful prosecution of the war." Domestic transportation as defined in the order includes railroad, motor, inland waterway, pipeline, air transport, and coastwise and intercoastal shipping. This Office assumes the duties formerly vested in the Transportation Division of the Advisory Commission to the Council of National Defense.

    Purpose.--The functions of the Office, subject to such policies, regulations, and directions as the President may from time to time prescribe, are to:

    1. "Coordinate the transportation policies and activities of the several Federal agencies and private transportation groups in effecting such adjustments in the domestic transportation systems of the Nation as the successful prosecution of the war may require.

    2. "Compile and analyze estimates of the requirements to be imposed upon existing domestic transport facilities by the needs of the war effort; determine the adequacy of such facilities to accommodate

    --81--

      the increased traffic volume occasioned by the war effort; develop measures designed to secure maximum use of existing domestic transportation facilities; and stimulate the provision of necessary additional transport facilities and equipment in order to achieve the level of domestic transportation services required; and in this connection advise the Supply Priorities and Allocations Board3 as to the estimated requirements, and recommend allocations of materials and equipment necessary for the provision of adequate domestic transportation service.

    1. "Coordinate and direct domestic traffic movements with the objective of preventing possible points of traffic congestion and assuring the orderly and expeditious movement of men, materials, and supplies to points of need.

    2. "In cooperation with the United States Maritime Commission and other appropriate agencies, coordinate domestic traffic movements with ocean shipping in order to avoid terminal congestion at port areas and to maintain a maximum flow of traffic.

    3. "Perform the functions and exercise the authority vested in the President by . . . (1) Sec. 1 (15) of Interstate Commerce Act as amended, U.S.C. title 49, sec. 1 (15); (2) Sec. 6 (8) of Interstate Commerce Act as amended, U.S.C. title 49, sec. 6 (8).

    4. "Survey and ascertain present and anticipated storage and warehousing requirements at points of transfer and in terminal areas; and encourage the provision of increased storage, loading, and unloading facilities where necessary.

    5. "Represent the defense interest of the Government in negotiating rates with domestic transportation carriers and in advising the appropriate governmental agencies with respect to the necessity for rate adjustments caused by the effect of the defense program.

    6. "devise upon proposed or existing emergency legislation affecting domestic transportation, and recommend such additional emergency legislation as may be necessary or desirable.

    7. "Keep the President informed with respect to progress made in carrying out this Order; and perform such related duties as the President may from time to time assign or delegate to it."

    Additional functions, duties, and powers were conferred on the Office of Defense Transportation by Executive Order 9156 of May 2, 1942. The order stated that the Office shall:

    1. "Include within the scope of its authority and responsibility, as defined in said order, all rubber-borne transportation facilities, including passenger cars, buses, taxicabs, and trucks.

    2. "Develop programs to facilitate the continuous adjustment of the Nation and its transport requirements to the available supply of transportation services relying upon rubber.

    3. "Formulate measures to conserve and assure maximum utilization of the existing supply of civilian transport services dependent upon rubber, including the limitation of the use of rubber-borne transportation facilities in nonessential civilian activities, and regulation of the use or distribution of such transportation facilities among essential activities."

    Executive Order 9214, of August 5, 1942, extended the scope of authority of the Office of Defense Transportation, and defined in Executive

    --82--

    Orders 8989 and 9156, to include all domestic transportation within the Territories and possessions of the United States.

    Executive Order 9294, of January 4, 1943, provided that the Office shall:

    Advise and assist Federal departments and agencies, State and local governments, and private organizations in surveying the need for and planning the provision of transportation service for the movement of personnel to and from war plants and establishments, including those related to production in the war effort, agricultural as well as industrial, to military and naval establishments, and to essential civilian services.

    Review and approve such contracts, agreements, or arrangements hereafter made by Federal departments and agencies, or by private firms (except common carriers) holding contracts from such departments and agencies, for the purchase, lease, requisition, or use of new or used local passenger transportation equipment necessary to insure proper transportation service to war plants and establishments.

    Advise the War Production Board on the allocation of new local passenger transportation equipment; and recommend to the War Production Board programs and procedures for controlling the transfer and placement of used local passenger transportation equipment.

    Executive Order 9294 implements the act of Congress approved December 1, 1942 (56 Stat. 1024; 50 U.S.C. App. 841), which authorized the Secretary of War, the Secretary of the Navy, and the Chairman of the Maritime Commission to provide transportation facilities for personnel (attached to or employed by their departments or agency) to and from their places of employment, when adequate private and other facilities are not available. The act provides that this authority shall be exercised in each case only after a determination by the ODT that existing private and other facilities are not and cannot be rendered adequate by other means, and that its exercise will result in the most efficient method of supplying transportation to the personnel concerned and a utilization of transportation facilities consistent with the plans, policies, and programs of the Office.

    By War Production Board Directive 35, effective July 1, 1944, the power and responsibility for the allocation of new commercial motor vehicles was delegated to the ODT.

    Activities.--The Office of Defense Transportation maintains a thorough daily check on railroad traffic movement and initiates measures to relive or forestall terminal congestion. In conjunction with other agencies, it controls movement of export freight to the ports. Through its efforts, storage space in port areas for shipments awaiting export has been substantially expanded. To obtain maximum service from a limited supply of railroad equipment, the ODT has required heavier loading of freight cars, arranged for pooling of refrigerator and tank cars, and promoted interchange of motive power. It has frozen passenger-train schedules, prohibited operation of special trains, cars, or extra sections without permit, and encouraged voluntary curtailment of unnecessary civilian travel.

    in the field of automotive transportation, the ODT has brought about greater utilization and conservation of motor trucks and commercial and private passenger vehicles. It has coordinated the operations of motor common carriers and curtailed local delivery services.

    --83--

    Under its Certificate of War Necessity program, mileage of trucks, buses, and taxicabs has been rationed. Maximum use of local transit facilities has been promoted by staggering hours, rerouting bus lines, and other measures. A group-riding program for private passenger cars, initiated by ODT, has also eased the burden on local transportation systems. The ODT has likewise acted to coordinate the services and conserve the facilities of intercity bus lines and school buses. it allocates new commercial motor vehicles by controls over the sale or transfer thereof.

    The Office of Defense Transportation is charged with responsibility for transportation of petroleum and other liquids by rail tank car, barge, pipeline, and tank truck. Its efforts have brought about a great increase in the volume of petroleum and other liquids transported by these means, at a time when transportation of such products by ocean tankers has been greatly reduced.

    The ODT has established various controls over coastwise, Great Lakes, and inland waterway shipping. It has fostered formation of labor-management committees, promoted expansion of training programs, and dealt in other ways with transportation, manpower, and personnel problems. The ODT is the claimant agency for domestic transportation under the Controlled Materials Plan of the War Production Board. It is also the claimant agency before the Petroleum Administration for War for gasoline for highway use.

    Approved.

    J.M. Johnson
    Director


    Office of Economic Stabilization

    Room 1224, Federal Reserve Building
    REpublic 75000, Branch 76961

    Officials
    Director William H. Davis
    Counsel (Vacancy)
    Executive Administrative Assistant William Berg, Jr.
    Economic Stabilization Board
    Chairman William H. Davis
        Henry Morgenthau, Jr. (Secretary of the Treasury)
        Claude R. Wickard (Secretary of Agriculture)
        Henry A. Wallace (Secretary of Commerce)
        Frances Perkins (Secretary of Labor)
        Marriner S. Eccles (Chairman, Board of Governors, Federal Reserve System)
        Harold D. Smith (Director, Bureau of the Budget)
        Chester Bowles (Administrator, Office of Price Administration)
        George W. Taylor (Chairman, National War Labor Board)
        Paul V. McNutt (Chairman, War Manpower Commission)
        Ganson Purcell (Chairman, Securities and Exchange Commission)
    Representing Labor:  
        William L. Green (President, American Federation of Labor)
        Philip Murray (President, Congress of Industrial Organizations)

    --84--

    Representing Agriculture:  
        James G. Patton (President, Farmers Cooperative Union)
        Edward A. O'Neal (President, American Farm Bureau Federation)
    Representing Management:  
        Erice A. Johnston (President, United States Chamber of Commerce)
        (Vacancy)


    Creation and Authority.--The Office of Economic Stabilization was established within the Office for Emergency Management on October 3, 1942, by Executive Order 9250, to control so far as possible the inflationary tendencies and the vast dislocations attendant thereon which threaten the military effort and domestic economic structure. To advise the Director of Economic Stabilization, the Economic Stabilization Board was established by the same order, with the Director designated as Chairman.

    The Director of Economic Stabilization was authorized to formulate and to develop a comprehensive national economic policy relating to the control of civilian purchasing power, prices, rents, wages, salaries, profits, rationing, subsidies, and related matters for the purpose of preventing avoidable increases in the cost of living, cooperating in minimizing unnecessary migration of labor from one business, industry, or region to another, and facilitating the prosecution of the war. The DIrector was empowered to issue directives on policy to the Federal departments and agencies concerned.

    The administration of activities related to the national economic policy remains with the departments and agencies now responsible for such activities, but conforms to the directives on policy issued by the Director.

    Executive Order 9328, of April 8, 1943, provided regulations with respect to the control of price, wage, and salary increases as are necessary to maintain stabilization.

    Approved.

    William H. Davis
    Director


    Office of Scientific Research and Development

    1530 P. Street NW.
    REpublic 7500, Branch 72992

    Officials
    Director Dr. Vannevar Bush (Carnegie Institution of Washington)
    Executive Assistant to Director Carroll L. Wilson
    Executive Secretary Irvin Stewart
    Advisory Council
    Chairman Dr. Vannevar Bush
    Chairman, National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics Dr. J.C. Hunsaker
    Chairman, National Defense Research Committee Dr. J.B. Conant
    Chairman, Committee on Medical Research Dr. A.N. Richards
    Army Representative Harvey H. Bundy
    Navy Representative Rear Admiral J.A. Furer

    --85--

    National Defense Research Committee

    Chairman Dr. J.B. Conant (Harvard University)
    Vice Chairman Dr. Richard C. Tolman (California Institute of Technology)
    President, National Academy of Sciences Dr. Frank Baldwin Jewett
    Commissioner of Patents Conway P. Coe
    Army Representative Col. Lee A. Denson
    Navy Representative Capt. Lybrand P. Smith
    Dr. Roger Adams (University of Illinois
    Dr. Karl T. Compton (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Executive Officer E.L. Moreland
    Executive Secretary Irvin Stewart

    Committee on Medical Research

    Chairman Dr. A.N. Richards (University of Pennsylvania)
    Vice Chairman Dr. Lewis H. Weed (Chairman, Division of Medical Sciences, National Research Council; Johns Hopkins Medical School)
    Army Representative Brig. Gen. James Stevens Simmons
    Navy Representative Rear Admiral Harold W. Smith
    Dr. A.R. Dochez (Columbia University)
    Dr. A. Baird Hastings (Harvard University)
    Executive Secretary Irvin Stewart

    Office of Field Service

    Chief Dr. Karl T. Compton (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
    Deputy Chief Dr. Alan T. Waterman


    Creation and Purpose.--The Office of Scientific Research and Development was created within the Office for Emergency Management by Executive Order 8807, dated June 28, 1941, for the purpose of assuring adequate provision for research on scientific and medical problems relating to the national defense.

    Activities.--The functions of the Office are to:

    1. "Advise the President with regard to the status of scientific and medical research relation to national defense and the measures necessary to assure continued and increasing progress in this field.

    2. "Serve as the center for the mobilization of the scientific personnel and resources of the Nation in order to assure maximum utilization of such personnel and resources in developing and applying the results of scientific research to defense purposes.

    3. "Coordinate, aid, and, where desirable, supplement the experimental and other scientific and medical research activities relating to national defense carried on by the Departments of War and Navy and other departments and agencies of the Federal Government.

      "Develop broad and coordinated plans for the conduct of scientific research in the defense program, in collaboration with representatives of the War and Navy Departments; review existing scientific research programs formulated by the Departments of War and Navy and other agencies of the Government, and advise them with

    --86--

      respect to the relationship of their proposed activities to the total research program.

    1. "Initiate and support scientific research on the mechanisms and devices of warfare with the objective of creating, developing, and improving instrumentalities, methods, and materials required for national defense.

    2. "Initiate and support scientific research on medical problems affecting the national defense.

    3. "Initiate and support such scientific and medical research as may be requested by the government of any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States under the terms of the Act of March 11, 1941, entitled 'An Act t Promote the Defense of the United States'; and serve as the central liaison office for the conduct of such scientific and medical research for such countries.

    4. "Perform such other duties relating to scientific and medical research and development as the President may from time to time assign or delegate to it."

    The Office of Scientific Research and Development utilizes the laboratories, equipment, and services of governmental agencies and institutions. The Director may contract with and transfer funds to existing governmental agencies and institutions and may enter into contracts and agreements with individuals, educational and scientific institutions (including the National Academy of Sciences and the National Research Council), industrial organizations, and other agencies for studies, experimental investigations, and reports.

    The Director is authorized to carry out the provisions of any contracts which fall within the scope of the Executive order heretofore entered into by (1) the National Defense Research Committee, established by order of the Council of National Defense on June 27, 1940, (2) the Health and Medical Committee, established by order of the Council of National Defense on September 19, 1940, and (3) the Federal Security Administrator in his capacity as coordinator of health, medical, welfare, nutrition, recreation, and other related activities as authorized by order of the Council of National Defense on November 28, 1940.

    The Advisory Council advises and assists the Director with respect to the coordination of research activities carried on by private and governmental research groups, and facilitates the interchange of information and data between such groups and agencies.

    The National Defense Research Committee advises and assists the Director in the performance of his scientific research duties, with special reference to the mobilization of the scientific personnel and resources of the Nation. To this end it is the responsibility of the Committee to recommend to the Director the need for and character of contracts to be entered into with universities, research institutes, and industrial laboratories for research and development on instrumentalities of warfare to supplement such research and development activities of the Departments of War and the Navy. Furthermore, the Committee shall from time to time make findings, and submit recommendations to the Director with respect to the adequacy, progress, and results of research n scientific problems related to the War Program.

    The Committee on Medical Research advises and assists the Director in the performance of his medical research duties, with special reference

    --87--

    to the mobilization of medical and scientific personnel of the Nation. To this end it is the responsibility of the Committee to recommend to the Director the need for and character of contracts to be entered into with universities, hospitals, and other agencies conducting medical research activities for research and development ion the field of the medical sciences. Furthermore, the Committee shall from time to time, on request by the Director, make findings and submit recommendations with respect to the adequacy, progress, and results of research on medical problems related to national defense.

    Approved.

    Vannevar Bush
    Director


    Office of War Information

    Social Security Building, Fourth Street and Independence Avenue SW.
    REpublic 7500

    Officials
    Director Elmer Davis
    Associate Director Edward Klauber
    Assistant to the Director Julian L. Woodward
    Assistant Director for Management Charles M. Hulten
         Executive Officer Nathaniel Looker
         Chief, Management Planning Office Ralph B. Thompson
         Chief, Personnel Office Donald R. Harvey
         Chief, Budget, Fiscal, and Operating Services Office Parker May
    General Counsel Thomas E. Bracken
    Security Officer Rear Admiral Richard P. McCullough (U.S.N. ret.)
    Domestic Operations Branch
    Director of Domestic Operations Neil Dalton
    Executive Director John Herrick
    Assistant Director Noble A. Cathcart
    Director of War Programs David M. Frederick
    Assistant to the Director Robin E. Doan
    Deputies of the Director:  
         James R. Brackett
         Capt. William Waldo Drake (U.S.N.R.)
         Harold R. Stone
    George H. Lyon
    Maurice F. Hanson
    Arthur Sweetser
    Chief, Book and Magazine Bureau Oscar Schisgall
    Chief, Foreign News Bureau Matthew Gordon
    Chief, Graphics Bureau Jacques DunLany
    Chief, Motion Picture Bureau Taylor Mills
    Chief, News Bureau Dowsley Clark
    Chief, Radio Bureau George P. Ludlam
    Chief, Special Services Bureau Katherine C. Blackburn
    Overseas Operations Branch
    Director of Overseas Operations Edward W. Barrett
    Executive Director Thurman L. Barnard
    Special Assistant to Director James A. Linen
    Assistant to Director David G. Wilson
    Assistant to Executive Director Gilbert T. Hoag
    Policy Coordinator Leonard Doob
    Special Liaison Officer Maj. William A. Aiken
    Chief of Information Liaison William C. Bourne
    Chief of Operations Liaison R. Edgar Moore

    --88--

    Deputy Director, Area I (Europe and Turkey) Wallace Carroll
    Deputy Director, Area II (British Commonwealth, Mid-East, U.S.S.R.) Ferdinand Kuhn
    Deputy Director, Area III (Pacific and Far East) George E. Taylor
    Chief, New York Office Louis G. Cowan
    Chief, San Francisco Office Claude A. Buss
    Assistant Chief for Operations (San Francisco) Kenneth D. Fry
    Assistant Chief for Policy (San Francisco) Charles A. Siepmann
    Chief, Communications Facilities Bureau James O. Weldon
    Chief, Office of Communications Control Maj. Robert B. Fentress
    Chief, Bureau of Overseas Intelligence Victor M. Hunt, Acting
    Chief, News and Features Bureau Adrian Berwick
    Chief, Overseas Publications Bureau Samuel T. Williamson
    Chief, Overseas Motion Picture Bureau Robert Riskin
    Chief, Radio Program Bureau Lawrence Blochman
    Chief, Outpost Service Bureau Arthur A. May, Acting


    Creation and Authority.--By Executive Order 9182 of June 13, 1942, the war information functions of the Government--foreign and domestic--were consolidated into one new agency, Office of War Information, within the Office for Emergency Management.

    The following agencies, powers, and duties were transferred and consolidated into the Office of War Information:

    1. Office of Facts and Figures.

    2. Office of Government Reports.

    3. Division of Information in the Office for Emergency Management ("The functions of the Division of Information of the Office for Emergency Management with respect to the provision of press and publication services relating to the specific activities of the constituent agencies of the Office for Emergency Management are transferred to those constituent agencies respectively, and the Division of Information is accordingly abolished.")

    4. Foreign Information Service, Outpost, Publications, and Pictorial Branches of the Coordinator of Information.

    Purpose.--The Director was authorized to:

    1. "Formulate and carry out, through the use of press, radio, motion picture, and other facilities, information programs designed to facilitate the development of an informed and intelligent understanding, at home and abroad, of the status and progress of the war effort, and of the war policies, activities, and aims of the Government.

    2. "Coordinate the war informational activities of all Federal departments and agencies for the purpose of assuring an accurate and consistent flow of war information to the public and the world at large.

    3. "Obtain, study, and analyze information concerning the war effort and advise the agencies concerned with the dissemination of such information as to the most appropriate and effective means of keeping the public adequately and accurately informed.

    4. "Review, clear, and approve all proposed radio and motion picture programs sponsored by Federal departments and agencies; and serve as the central point of clearance and contact for the radio broadcasting and motion picture industries, respectively, in their relationships with Federal departments and agencies concerning such Government programs.

    5. "Maintain liaison with the information agencies of the United Nations for the purpose of relating the Government's informational programs and facilities to those of such nations.

    --89--

    1. Perform such other functions and duties relating to war information as the President may from time to time determine."

    The Director was also given authority, subject to policies laid down by the President, to issue directives to all Federal departments and agencies with respect to their informational services. he has full authority to eliminate all overlapping and duplication, and to discontinue in any department any informational activity which is not necessary or useful to the war effort.

    The order specified that the Director of the Office of War Information and the Director of Censorship collaborate in the performance of their respective functions for the purpose of facilitating the prompt and full dissemination of all available information which will not give aid to the enemy.

    It was further specified that the Director of the Office of War Information and the Board of War Communications collaborate in the performance of their respective functions for the purpose of facilitating the broadcast of war information to the peoples abroad.

    Executive Order 9312 of March 9, 1943, defined the foreign information activities of the Office of War Information and modified the military order of June 13, 1942, establishing the Office of Strategic Services, to the extent necessary to make the order of March 9, 1943, effective. The Office of War Information was authorized to "plan, develop, and execute all phases of the Federal program of radio, press, publication, and related foreign propaganda activities involving the dissemination of information. The program for foreign propaganda in areas of actual or projected military operations will be coordinated with military plans through the planning agencies of the War and Navy Departments, and shall be subject to the approval of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Parts of the foreign propaganda program which are to be executed in a theater of military operations will be subject to the control of the theater commander. The authority, functions, and duties of the Office of War Information shall not extend to the Western Hemisphere, exclusive of the United States. and Canada."

    Domestic Operations Branch

    The Domestic Operations Branch is responsible for coordinating and disseminating war information within the continental limits of the United States. It develops war information policies, coordinates the war information programs of Government agencies, and through the use of established communications facilities seeks to assure an accurate flow of war information to the public.

    The Branch consists of the Office of the Director and seven operating Bureaus. The Office of the Director includes the Deputies, the Office of the Director of War Programs, the Inter-Agency Publications Committee Unit, and the Speech Clearance Unit.

    Deputies of the Director of OWI assigned to the staff of the Director of Domestic Operations coordinate war information policy between the Office of War Information and other Federal departments and agencies; keep the Director informed of impending policy decisions; inteprpet OWI policy to the departments and agencies; and offer counsel on matters affecting public information.

    Office of the Director of War Programs.--This office formulates and executes policies involved in the conduct of war information

    --90--

    programs. It coordinates the activities of the Deputy Directors, Program Managers, and Bureau Chiefs insofar as these concern war information programs, maintains liaison with the advertising and allied industries through the War Advertising Council, and supervises the scheduling of all war information program activities and the allocation of media facilities used in the promotion of war information programs.

    Book and Magazine Bureau.--The Book and Magazine Bureau is the central clearing house and liaison agency between Government war agencies on the one hand and books and magazines on the other. The Bureau keeps magazine editors, writes, and literary agents apprised of subjects important to Government war information programs, and supplies them with information in line with such programs. Through a monthly Magazine War Guide and Supplement the Bureau keeps the magazine world acquainted with official information topics which will be in the foreground on the magazines' dates of publication. Magazine editors and writers as assisted in obtaining information from other Government agencies. The Bureau does not prepare finished articles for individual magazines. In somewhat similar fashion the Bureau offers to book publishers, authors, literary agents, bookstores, and libraries such services as will assist them to convey messages about the war to the readers of books. The Bureau maintains liaison with the Writers War Board, a volunteer group of leading American writers, and the Council on Books in Wartime, an organization representing the book trade.

    Foreign New Bureau.--The function of this Bureau is to provide the American press, radio commentators, and other news outlets with war information obtained from foreign sources available only in a limited way, if at all, to nongovernmental agencies. The Bureau receives from United States and allied monitoring services a world-wide report of broadcasts from allied and neutral as well as enemy and enemy-occupied countries. Newsworthy information derived from these broadcasts is distributed to American news outlets. Special emphasis is placed on the analysis and exposure of enemy propaganda techniques. The press of enemy and enemy-occupied countries is also analyzed and the information material derived from such analysis is distributed. The Bureau also aids in the distribution of war news by acting as the receiving and distributing agency for pooled press copy received from overseas war theaters.

    Graphics Bureau.--The Bureau clears all posters and graphics materials produced by the Government. To be sure that all such materials meet requisite technical standards, the Bureau strengthens copy appeals when necessary and makes available to all Government agencies the services of America's leading art directors and poster artists. In the actual production of graphics materials, the Bureau serves as liaison between Federal departments and the Government Printing Office. In the distribution of graphics materials, the Bureau maintains liaison with the outdoor, transportation, retail, and direct mail advertising industries as well as with special distribution facilities both inside and outside of the Government.

    Motion Picture Bureau.--This Bureau is the Government's official channel to the motion picture industry for both theatrical and on-theatrical information films. The Bureau does not, itself, produce

    --91--

    any motion pictures. On important subjects requiring theatrical distribution, the Motion Picture Bureau requests the War Activities Committee of the motion picture industry to arrange for scripts, production, release prints, distribution, and exhibition in more than 16,000 theaters throughout the country. This entire service is performed by the motion picture industry at no cost to the Government. The newsreel companies also schedule important timely subjects on request by the Bureau. The Bureau releases monthly a production report on the motion picture activities of all civilian and military agencies. It also releases monthly suggested topics dealing with war information programs to theatrical short subject producers and nontheatrical producers.

    New Bureau.--The New Bureau clears and releases war-related news stories, statements, speeches, and reports of Government departments and war agencies. This informational material is cleared with all agencies concerned so as to harmonize and reconcile the facts. The news releases are then distributed to the daily press representatives and news services, and to radio news commentators. To such extent as necessary, the releases are re-written and distributed to such specialized press groups as serve rural, Negro, labor, business, and foreign language elements of our population. Although a large proportion of the news releases are prepared by information staffs attached to the respective agencies, the News Bureau itself prepares, through its own writing staff, many extensive reports on war-related subjects that involve assembling facts form more than one agency. Also the News Bureau prepared, clears, and issues all news releases involving furtherance of official Government home front war programs.

    Radio Bureau.--This Bureau reviews, clears, and approves all proposed radio programs sponsored by Federal departments and agencies, and serves as the central point of clearance and contact for such departments and agencies in their relationships with the radio broadcasting and radio advertising industries. The Bureau also channels Government information grograms to the public through both commercially sponsored and sustaining radio shows. For the Government agency which seeks to enlist public support of a wartime activity, it secure the use of radio programs with a known audience on a regular basis through the facilities of its several operating plans. The Bureau allocates broadcasting time made available by the industry and by radio advertisers and clears for war information policy all Government messages which go out over the air.

    Special Services Bureau.--The Bureau has three divisions. The Research Division provides a fact-gathering service for the OWI. The Division of Press Intelligence provides on request, a daily newspaper clipping service for OWI, other Federal departments and agencies, and Members of Congress. The Division of Public Inquiries (see FOreword to Manual) provides a central information service for the Federal Government that is available to all agencies of government, and to the public. Questions relating to the organization, functions, and personnel of the Federal Government, and general information questions, may be submitted in person, by telephone, or by mail. The Division will refer to the proper agencies questions within their jurisdiction, and will provide direct answers to questions not within the jurisdiction of a specific agency.

    --92--

    Overseas Operations Branch

    The Overseas Operations Branch plans and executes the wartime information and propaganda activities of the United States Government in all countries outside the continental limits of the United States, except Central and South America.

    In active military zones, the Office of War Information works with United States and Allied military agencies in the prosecution of psychological warfare. OWI outposts operate in more than a score of allied and neutral nations. In other areas OWI provides State Department missions with informational materials for distribution.

    Through radio broadcasts, newspapers, publications, motion pictures, news pictures, exhibits, and other media, the Overseas Branch works to:

    1. Undermine the enemy's morale and will to fight.

    2. Strengthen the resistance of the peoples of enemy-occupied territories.

    3. Create friendlier relations with the peoples of areas where our forces are stationed or which are traversed by our military supply lines.

    4. Inform other nations of the part the United States is playing in the war.

    5. Convince neutral nations that a United Nations victory is inevitable and desirable.

    6. Generally engender a better understanding abroad of the United States, its war aims and its post-war interest and purposes.

    Headquarters of the Overseas Branch are in Washington. Other offices are maintained in New York and San Francisco.

    Washington Office

    Office of the Overseas Director.--Directs the operations of outposts and domestic offices; maintains policy and operating liaison with Army, Navy, State Department, and other Government and allied agencies; through Deputy Directors for Europe and Turkey (Area I), British Commonwealth, Mid-East, and U.S.S.R. (Area II), and Pacific and Far East (Area III) and their staffs of regional specialists, plans propaganda and informational policies and directs their execution.

    Outpost Service Bureau.--The Outpost Service Bureau provides those continuing services required for the efficient operation of the individual outposts. Included are responsibility for the financial management, budgeting, transportation abroad of individuals, material, and equipment, and the provision for all administrative services for the outposts. The Bureau in cooperation with the outpost managers recruits and trains personnel for outpost work. Outposts are now in operation in the following countries:

    Australia
    China
    Egypt
    Eire
    England
    France
    French Equatorial Africa
    French North Africa
    Greece
    Hawaii
    India
    Iraq
    Italy
    Lebanon-Syria
    Philippines
    Portugal
    Spain
    Sweden
    Switzerland
    Turkey
    Union of South Africa
    U.S.S.R.

    --93--

    Communications Facilities Bureau.--Provides and maintains for the Overseas Operations Branch a world-wide network of communications to carry the "Voice of America" by radio and the written word by cable and wireless to every important propaganda target throughout the world. The Bureau also operates a world-wide network for the transmission and reception of pictures by radiophoto.

    Bureau of Overseas Intelligence.--Analyzes incoming intelligence material to meet the needs of policy determination and operations. Its Central Intelligence Division processes European material of value to Far Eastern operations and vice versa; prepares tropical reports on inter-regional matters and on selected American and United Nations subjects; maintains a central file of intelligence materials. The Regional Analysis Division handles European intelligence, determines its reliability, compiles information needed by those responsible for policy, and prepares reports for use by operating bureaus in New York and San Francisco and by overseas outposts. The Foreign Morale Analysis Division prepares special reports.

    New York Office

    This office is responsible for Overseas Operations having to do with the preparation and distribution of material in all media except radio directed to the Far East. The four producing bureaus are: Radio Program Bureau, News and Features Bureau, Overseas Publications Bureau, and Overseas Motion Picture Bureau.

    Radio Program Bureau.--This Bureau is responsible for the preparation and production of all short-wave radio programs originating in the Atlantic area, the translating of all foreign language productions--publications, motion pictures, and feature materials--and for servicing cooperating medium-wave radio stations in foreign countries with recordings and other programming. Broadcasts are conducted in about 20 languages with about 1,500 broadcasts a week.

    Overseas Publications Bureau.--Prepares and produces printed material in many forms exclusively for overseas use. This includes the procurement of periodicals and books and the preparation of leaflets, booklets, magazines, and posters, some of which are directed toward allied and neutral countries and the remainder developed for use in connection with military operations in theaters of war and in liberated areas.

    Overseas Motion Picture Bureau.--Provides films for distribution in allied, neutral, liberated, and conquered countries. The Bureau produces newsreels and factual documentary films through the use of its own production facilities and through contractual arrangements with the motion picture industry. In addition, it acquires films produced by other Government agencies. These films are prepared by the Bureau in approximately 25 foreign languages.

    With the cooperation of the American motion picture industry, the Bureau selects commercially made films for showing to the civilian populations in areas liberated or conquered by allied forces, in conjunction with allied psychological warfare services. The films selected by the Bureau are prepared by the industry in 15 foreign languages.

    New and Features Bureau.--Supplies news, articles, and photographs to overseas outposts and to other home units of the Overseas

    --94--

    Branch. The Bureau consists of five division. Its Basic News Division supplies a daily news report for use on short-wave news broadcasts produced by the Radio Program Bureau and for the output of Cable-Wireless Division. Cable-Wireless Division supplies a news file to overseas outposts by wireless telegraph and cable; Features Division mails feature articles; and Picture Division sends news photos, radiophotos, microfilms, filmstrips, and picture exhibits. The Washington News Division supplies the New York and San Francisco offices with news and features from the Nation's capital.

    San Francisco Office

    Headquarters for Pacific radio operations are in San Francisco. The San Francisco office produces short-wave radio programs in English and Far Eastern languages to be broadcast direct or by relay to China, Japan, the Philippines, and other Pacific and Far Eastern areas; coordinates short-wave and medium-wave relay operations in the Pacific area; produces radio programs and other material for the use of pacific outposts; coordinates news and information distributed in the Pacific area by cable and wireless telegraph.

    Approved.

    Elmer Davis
    Director

    Bibliography:
    • The United States at War: Development and Administration of the War Program, Informing the Public
    • Radio War Guide
    • "...Obstacles to domestic pamphleteering by OWI in World War II." Harold Foote Gosnell
    • "OWI domestic public opinion research." Harold Foote Gosnell
    • "OWI Field Bureau and its antecedents." Harold Foote Gosnell
    • "OWI in the ETO." A report on the activities of the Office of War Information in the European theatre of operations, January 1944-January 1945.
    • "The framing of the Office of War Information executive order." Harold Foote Gosnell


    War Manpower Commission

    Room 5261, Social Security Building
    Fourth Street and Independence Avenue SW.
    EXecutive 4660

    Members
    Chairman Paul V. McNutt (Administrator, Federal Security Agency)
    Arthur J. Altmeyer (Chairman, Social Security Board, Federal Security Agency)
    Ralph A. Bard (Under Secretary of the Navy)
    Robert P. Patterson (Under Secretary of War)
    Brig. Gen. Philip G. Bruton (Director of Labor, War Food Administration)
    Frances Perkins (Secretary of Labor)
    J.A. Krug (Chairman, War Production Board)
    Arthur S. Flemming (Commissioner, Civil Service Commission)
    John B. Blandford, Jr. (Administrator, National Housing Agency)
    Arthur W. Motley (Director, Transport Personnel, Office of Defense Transportation)
    Vice Admiral Howard L. Vickery (Vice Chairman, Maritime Commission; Deputy Administrator, War Shipping Administration)
    Maj. Gen. Lewis B. Hershey (Director, Selective Service System)
    Officials
    Special Assistant to the Chairman Bruce D. Smith
    Vice Chairman Clinton S. Golden
    Assistant to the Vice Chairman Darrell D. Smith
    Deputy Chairman Francis L. McNamee
    Executive Director Robert C. Goodwin
    Deputy Executive Director J. Donald Kingsley
    Assistant Executive Director for Field Service Leo R. Werts
    Assistant Executive Director for Program Development Collis Stocking

    --95--

    Assistant Executive Director for Business Management William J. Rogers
    General Counsel Bernice Lotwin, Acting
    Chief, Information Service Edward T. Ingle
    Chief, Reports and Analysis Service (Chairman, Essential Activities Committee) Collis Stocking
    Chief, Budget and Finance Service Waldemar Thorson
    Chief, Administrative Service Harold Dotterer
    Director, Personnel Service Robert M. Barnett
    Chief, Executive Services Brig. Gen. William C. Rose
    Chief, Veterans Employment Service Perry Faulkner
    Chairman, Review Committee on Deferment of Government Employees Edgar F. Puryear
    Bureau of Manpower Utilization
    Director Eugene G. Bewkes
    Assistant Director Royal B. Mudge
    Chief, Occupational Analysis Carl A. Heinz
    Chief, Division of Government Agencies John McDiarmid
    Chief, Division of Industrial Consultation George V.R. Mulligan
    Chairman, Industry Associations Committee W.O.W. Lee
    Bureau of Placement
    Director John K. Collins
    Associate Director Richard D. Fletcher
    Assistant Director George W. Cross
    Chief, Employment Office Service Division Robert L. Thomas
    Chief, Industrial Allocation Division J. Bradley Haight
    Chief, Minority Groups Service Benjamin F. Wilson
    Director, National Roster of Scientific and Specialized Personnel George A. Works
    Executive Officer, Procurement and Assignment Service Paul C. Barton, M.D.
    Chief, Foreign Labor Section J. Dewey Coates
    Bureau of Training
    Director Philip S. Van Wyck
    Assistant Director Dr. Raymond S. Ward
    Director, Apprentice Training Service William F. Patterson
    Director, Training Within Industry Channing R. Dooley
    Chief, Technical Services John J. Tessari
    Chief, Management Division James B. Truxell
    Management-Labor Policy Committee
    Chairman Arthur S. Flemming
    Executive Secretary Mrs. Marjorie R. Nash
    Executive Assistant Ford T. Shepherd
    Executive Assistant Darrell D. Smith
    Representing Management:  
         Frederick Crawford (Chairman of Board, National Association of Manufacturers)
         R. Conrad Cooper (Assistant Vice President, Wheeling Steel Corporation)
         Eric A. Johnston (President, United States Chamber of Commerce)
    Representing Labor:  
         William L. Green (President, American Federation of Labor)
         Philip Murray (President, Congress of Industrial Organizations)
         H.W. Fraser (President, Order of Railway Conductors of America)
    Representing Agriculture:  
         Edward A. O'Neal (President, American Farm Bureau Federation)
         James G. Patton (President, National Farmers Union)
         Albert S. Goss (Manager, National Grange)
    Members at Large:  
         Lawrence V. Appley (Vice President, Vick Chemical Co.)

    --96--

    Women's Advisory Committee
    Chairman Margaret A. Hickey
    Executive Secretary Virginia Price
         Mrs. Dorothy Bellanca (Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America, New York, N.Y.)
         Jenny Matyas (International Ladies' Garment Workers Union, San Francisco, Calif.)
         Bess Bloodworth (Vice President in Charge of Personnel, Namm Store, Brooklyn, N.Y.)
         Mrs. Harris T. Baldwin (Former Vice President, National League of Women Voters, Washington, D.C.)
         Mrs. Lowell Hobart (Past National President, American Legion Auxiliary, Cincinnati, Ohio)
         Mrs. Beatrice Gould (Editor, Ladies Home Journal, Philadelphia, Pa.))
         Mrs. Blanche M. Ralston (Coahoma, Miss.)
         Mrs. Saidie Orr Dunbar (Executive Secretary, Oregon Tuberculosis Association, Portland, Oreg.)
         Mrs. Gladys Talbott Edwards (Director of Education, National Farmers Union, Denver, Colo.)
         Mrs. Maudelle Bousfield (Principal, Wendell Phillips High School, Chicago, Ill.)
         Elisabeth Christman (National Women's Trade Union, Washington, D.C.)
         Eleanor Park (Personnel Division, Union Carbide and Carbon Corporation, New York, N.Y.)


    Creation and Authority.--The War Manpower Commission was established within the Office for Emergency Management by Executive Order 9139 of April 18, 1942, to assure the most effective mobilization and utilization of the Nation's manpower for the war.

    Purpose.--The Chairman, after consultation with the members of the Commission, shall:

    1. "Formulate plans and programs and establish basic national policies to assure the most effective mobilization and maximum utilization of the Nation's manpower in the prosecution of the war; and issue such policy and operating directives as may be necessary thereto.

    2. "Estimate the requirements of manpower for industry; review all other estimates of needs for military, agricultural, and civilian manpower; and direct the several departments and agencies of the Government as to the proper allocation of available manpower.

    3. "Determine basic policies for, and take such other steps as are necessary to coordinate the collection and compilation of labor market data by Federal departments and agencies.

    4. "Establish policies and prescribe regulations governing all Federal programs relating to the recruitment, vocational training, and placement of workers to meet the needs of industry and agriculture.

    5. "Prescribe basic policies governing the filling of the Federal Government's requirements for manpower, excluding those of the military and naval forces, and issue such operating directives as may be necessary thereto.

    6. "Formulate legislative programs designed to facilitate the most effective mobilization and utilization of the manpower of the country; and, with the approval of the President, recommend such legislation as may be necessary for this purpose."

    All Federal departments and agencies which perform functions relating to the recruitment or utilization of manpower shall conform to such policies and directives as the Chairman may prescribe in the

    --97--

    execution of the powers vested in him, and are subject to such other coordination by the Chairman as may be necessary to enable him to discharge his responsibilities. The order directs that the following agencies conform to such policies and directives as the Chairman may prescribe:

    Executive Order 9139 transferred the following agencies and functions to the War Manpower Commission:

    1. "The labor supply functions of the Labor Division of the War Production Board.

    2. "The National Roster of Scientific and Specialized Personnel of the United States Civil Service Commission and its functions.

    3. "The Office of Procurement and Assignment in the Office of Defense Health and Welfare Services in the Office for Emergency Management and its function."

    Additional Functions Transferred to the Commission.--Executive Order 9247, dated September 17, 1942, transferred to the War Manpower Commission:

    1. The United States Employment Service and all functions, duties, and powers of the Social Security Board in the Federal Security Agency relating to employment service.

    2. The National Youth Administration in the Federal Security Agency, and its functions, duties and powers.4

    3. The Apprenticeship Training Service in the Office of the Federal Security Administrator, and its functions, duties, and powers, including those relating to the program to encourage apprentice training in national defense industries.

    4. The Training Within Industry Service in the Office of the Federal Security Administrator, and its functions, duties, and powers.

    5. All functions, duties, and powers of the Federal Security Administrator relating to the following matters administered by the Office of Education: loans to students in technical and professional fields (national defense); education and training of defense workers (national defense); and visual aids for war training (national defense).

    Executive Order 9279, dated December 5, 1942, transferred the Selective Service System to the War Manpower Commission. By Executive

    --98--

    Order 9410 of December 2,3 1943, effective December 5, 1943, the Selective Service System was made a separate agency directly responsible to the President under the name of the Selective Service System.

    Bureau of Manpower Utilization

    The Bureau of Manpower Utilization develops programs and policies to promote the most effective utilization of manpower that is compatible with peak long-run production efficiency of employed workers. Through occupational analyses, plant surveys, and other techniques, the Bureau facilitates proper utilization of skills, assists in reducing labor hoarding, encourages job breakdown or job dilution to make possible the use of less skilled workers, encourages the development of safety and health measures to promote the conservation of manpower, and encourages the application of all other measures that appear in any case to be conducive to effective utilization. The Bureau supervises and renders technical assistance to the field organizations of the War Manpower Commission with regard to manpower utilization programs, techniques, and methods.

    The Bureau assumes the responsibility for promoting effective utilization of manpower employed by the Federal Government as well as private industries. In promoting more effective utilization of Federal employees, the Bureau utilizes a staff of employees of the Civil Service Commission who are responsible for this function and are attached to the Bureau of Manpower Utilization in the Division of Government Agencies.

    Bureau of Placement

    This Bureau develops programs and policies with respect to recruitment and placement for workers for industry and agriculture. It exercises supervision as to recruitment and placement methods, rendering technical advice and assistance to the field organization of the War Manpower Commission. it maintains the National Roster of Scientific and Specialized Personnel and the Procurement and Assignment Service for Physicians, Dentists, and Veterinarians, Nurses, and Sanitary Engineers. All such recruitment and placement programs are coordinated with the recruitment of Government personnel. The Employment Office Service Division supervises the operations of employment offices which, at the local level, have retained their identity as the United States Employment Service.

    Veterans Employment Service

    The Veterans Employment Service functions through local offices of the United States Employment Service. It operates under the jurisdiction of the Veterans Placement Service Board which consists of the Administrator of Veterans Affairs, as chairman, the Director of the Selective Service System, and the Chairman of the War Manpower Commission. Policies and programs of the Veterans Employment Service are determined by the Board and are carried out through its executive secretary, who is also Chief of the Veterans Employment

    --99--

    Service, and by State Veterans Employment Representatives who are functionally responsible for supervision of the employment interests of veterans registered with local offices of the United States Employment Service.

    State Offices--U.S. Employment Service and Veterans Employment Representative
    State U.S. Employment Service Veterans Employment Representative
    Alabama First National Bank Building, Montgomery 326 First National Bank Building, Montgomery
    Alaska 124 Marine Way (Box 471), Juneau  
    Arizona 428 Security Building, Phoenix 808 Security Building, Phoenix
    Arkansas 205 Old Post Office Building, Little Rock Old Post Office Building (Box 2019), Little Rock
    California (North) 153 Kearny Street, San Francisco 401-02 Sharon Building, New Montgomery Street, San Francisco 5
    California (South) 1031 S. Broadway, Los Angeles 15 1031 S. Broadway, Los Angeles 15
    Colorado 741 Equitable Building, Denver 470 State Capitol Annex, Denver 2
    Connecticut 122 Washington Street, Hartford 6 122 Washington Street, Hartford 6
    Delaware 601 Shipley Street, Wilmington 601 Shipley Street, Wilmington
    District of Columbia 501 K Street NW., Washington 25 1022 Fifteenth Street NW., Washington 25
    Florida 409 W. Adams Street, Jacksonville 409 W. Adams Street (Box 1979), Jacksonville
    Georgia 861/2 Luckie Street NW., Atlanta 1 861/2 Luckie Street NW. (Box 1276), Atlanta 1
    Hawaii Young Hotel Building, Honolulu  
    Idaho 802 Grove Street, Boise 159 S. Eighth Street (Box 877), Boise
    Illinois Room 414, 222 W. North Bank Drive, Chicago 54 Room 414, 222 W. North Bank Drive, Chicago 54
    Indiana 105 S. Meridian Street, Indianapolis 4 105 S. Meridian Street, Indianapolis 4
    Iowa 112 Eleventh Street, Des Moines 419 Federal Office Building, Des Moines 9
    Kansas 439 New England Building, Topeka 439 New England Building, Topeka
    Kentucky 620 S. Fifth Street, Louisville 520 Federal Building, Louisville 2
    Louisiana 329 Florida Street, Baton Rouge 127 Elk Place, New Orleans 13
    Maine 331 Water Street, Augusta 76 Pearl Street, Portland 3
    Maryland 3002 O'Sullivan Building, Baltimore 2 935 O'Sullivan Building, Baltimore 2
    Massachusetts 881 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston 881 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston
    Michigan 1164 Penobscot Building, Detroit 26 1164 Penobscot Building, Detroit 26
    Minnesota 369 Cedar Street, St. Paul 1 369 Cedar Street, St. Paul 1
    Mississippi 524 E. Capitol Street, Jackson 524 E. Capitol Street, Jackson
    Missouri 1101 Capitol Avenue, Jefferson City 310 E. Capitol Avenue, Jefferson City
    Montana 11 Edwards Street, Helena 322 Fuller Avenue (Box 953), Helena
    Nebraska 1220 No Street, Lincoln 8 1220 N Street (Box 1033), Lincoln 8
    Nevada 309 N. Virginia Street, Reno Bradley Building (Box 2071), Reno
    New Hampshire 32 S. Main Street, Concord 34 S. Main Street, Concord
    New Jersey 219 E. Hanover Street, Trenton Room 222, 219 E. Hanover Street, Trenton
    New Mexico 111 S. Sixth Street, Albuquerque 111 S. Sixth Street (Box 1492), Albuquerque
    New York 11 W. Forty-second Street, New York 18 28th Floor, 11 W. Forty-second Street, New York 18
    North Carolina Jones and McDowell Streets, Raleigh Caswell Building, Raleigh
    North Dakota 3051/2 N. Broadway, Bismarck Federal Building (Box 1242), Fargo
    Ohio 427 Cleveland Avenue, Columbus 16 427 Cleveland Avenue, Columbus 16
    Oklahoma 425 American National Bank Building, Oklahoma City 600 Colcord Building, Oklahoma City 2
    Oregon 300 Central Building, Portland 218 Pioneer Post Office Building, Portland 4
    Pennsylvania 1835 N. Third Street, Harrisburg 1835 N. Third Street, Harrisburg
    Puerto Rico No. 5, J.C. Barbosa Street, San Juan  

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    State Offices--U.S. Employment Service and Veterans Employment Representative
    State U.S. Employment Service Veterans Employment Representative
    Rhode Island 901 Union Trust Building, Providence 901 Union Trust Building, Providence
    South Carolina 1429 Senate Street, Columbia 1008 Palmetto Building (Box 1227), Columbia
    South Dakota 4221/2 S. Main Street, Aberdeen 4221/2 S. Main Street, Aberdeen
    Tennessee 908 Warner Building, Nashville 403 Cotton States Building, Nashville 3
    Texas 204 Brown Building, Austin 208 Brown Building (Box 957), Austin
    Utah 605 Newhouse Building, Salt Lake City 1 617 Newhouse Building, Salt Lake City 1
    Vermont 7 School Street, Montpelier 14 Cottage Street, Rutland
    Virginia 306 Broad-Grace Arcade, Richmond 19 311 Broad-Grace Arcade, Richmond 19
    Washington 201 Ranks Building, Seattle 1 201 Ranks Building, Seattle 1
    West Virginia 614 Chamber of Commerce Building, Charleston 1 510 Chamber of Commerce Building, Charleston 1
    Wisconsin One W. Wilson Street, Madison 2 One W. Wilson Street, Madison 2
    Wyoming P and R Building, Casper 200 N. Colcott Street (Box 760), Casper

    Bureau of Training

    The Bureau of Training develops unified programs and policies to meet training needs of wartime employment and to obtain the most effective utilization of training resources by coordinating the training programs of the Apprentice training Service, the Training Within Industry Service, and the war training programs of the United States Office of Education. It also evaluates the effectiveness of war training programs and provides technical advice and assistance to the field organization on training problems.

    Committees

    Management-Labor Policy Committee.--This Committee was created by order of the Chairman of the Commission "to consider and recommend to the Chairman matters of major policy concerning the activities and responsibilities of the Commission." Section 10 of Executive Order 9279, dated December 5, 1942, gave the Committee official status. On March 22, 1943, the Chairman of the War Manpower Commission appointed a 9-member committee to succeed the 17-member group, at the recommendation of the latter group. The Chairman consults with this Committee, composed of equal representation for management, labor, and agriculture, on matters of policy and program for the most effective mobilization, training, and maximum utilization of manpower.

    Women's Advisory Committee.--The Women's Advisory Committee, established by the Chairman of the War manpower Commission on August 31 ,1942, considers and recommends to the Chairman matters of policy, particularly as they affect women and the contribution women can make in the successful prosecution of the war.

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    Regional Offices--War Manpower Commission
    Region Regional Director Address
    No. 1. Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont Arthur C. Gernes 55 Tremont Street, Boston 8, Mass.
    No. 2. New York Mrs. Anna Rosenberg 11 W. Forty-second Street, New York 18, N.Y.
    No. 3. Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey Paul Lewis Stephen Girard Building, S. Twelfth Street, Philadelphia 7, Pa.
    No. 4. Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, District of Columbia, North Carolina Henry E. Treide 433 Third Street, NW., Washington 25, D.C.
    No. 5. Kentucky, Ohio, Michigan Edward L. Keenan 693 Union Commerce Building, Euclid Avenue and E. Ninth Street, Cleveland 14, Ohio
    No. 6. Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin William H. Spencer 1200 Adams-Franklin Building, 222 W. Adams Street, Chicago 6, Ill.
    No. 7. Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, South Carolina, Tennessee Dillard B. Lasseter Grand Theater Building, 157 Peachtree Street NE., Atlanta 3, Ga.
    No. 8. Minnesota, Iowa, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska Frank M. Rarig, Jr. 500 Midland Bank Building, Minneapolis 1, Minn.
    No. 9. Missouri, Arkansas Kansas, Oklahoma Ed McDonald 1600 Fidelity Building, 911 Walnut Street, Kansas City 6, Mo.
    No. 10. Texas, Louisiana, New Mexico James H. Bond Sixth Floor, New Mercantile National Bank Building, Dallas 1, Tex.
    No. 11. Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, Utah, Colorado John E. Gross 221 Equitable Building, Denver 2, Colo.
    No. 12. California, Arizona, Oregon, Washington, Nevada Fay W. Hunter 709 Furniture Mart Building, San Francisco 3, Calif.
    Territory of Hawaii Newton R. Holcomb, Territorial Director P.O. Box 3680, Honolulu 11

    Approved.

    Paul V. McNutt
    Chairman


    War Production Board

    Social Security Building
    Fourth Street and Independence Avenue SW.
    REpublic 7500

    Supercedes:
    Office of Production Management
    Supply Priorities and Allocations Board
    Division of Contract Distribution

    Members
    Chairman J.A. Krug
    Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson
    Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal
    Secretary of Agriculture Claude R. Wickard
    Federal Loan Administrator Fred M. Vinson
    Lieutenant General in Charge of War Department Production William S. Knudsen
    Administrator, Office of Price Administration Chester Bowles
    Foreign Economic Administrator Leo T. Crowley
    Special Assistant to the President Harry L. Hopkins
    Chairman, War Manpower Commission Paul V. McNutt
    Director, Office of Defense Transportation J.M. Johnson
    Petroleum Administrator for War Harold L. Ickes
    War Food Administrator Marvin Jones
    Director of Contract Settlement Robert H. Hinckley

    --102--

    Staff
    Chief of Operations Hiland G. Batcheller
    Executive Officer John D. Small
    Special Assistant to the Chairman Charles H. Ketcham
    Special Assistant to the Chairman Philip D. Wilson
    General Counsel Frederick M. Eaton
    Executive Secretary G. Lyle Belsley
         Division of Budget Administration, Budget Officer Francis R. Cawley
         Division of Personnel Management, Director of Personnel Carlton Hayward
         Division of Administrative Service, Director C. Sterry Long
         Office of Procedures, Director Laurence M. Shea
    Office of Production Research and Development, Director Donald B. Keyes
    Division of Information, Director Bruce Catton
    Management Consultant Division, Director J.H. Eddy, Acting
    Procurement Policy Division, Director Robert A. Irwin
    Bureau of Program and Statistics, Director Bertrand Fox
         General Statistics Staff, Director Ernest J. Enquist
         Office of Survey Standards, Director Howard C. Grieves
         Planning Division, Director Raymond W. Goldsmith
         Construction Research Division, Director Robinson Newcomb
         Materials Division, Director Shaw Livermore
         Military Division, DIrector Morris A. Copeland
         Foreign Division, Director Robert C. Turner
         Reports Division, Director Joseph A. Livingston
    Office of War Utilities, Director Edward Falck
         Power Division, Director V.M. Marquis
         Gas Division, DIrector Alexander Macomber
         Water Division, Director Arthur E. Gorman
         Communications Division, Director Leighton H. Peebles
    Aircraft Resources Control Office, Director Myron A. Tracy, Acting
    Vice Chairman for Smaller War Plants Maury Maverick
    Vice Chairman for Civilian Requirements W.Y. Elliott
         Deputy Vice Chairman A.C.C. Hill, Jr.
         Assistant Vice Chairman Merritt C. Penticoff
         Staff Bureau, Director Carroll Burton
         Government Bureau, Director Arthur G. Eaton
         Wholesale and Retail Trade Division, Deputy Director Dean C. Gallagher
         Service Trades Division, Director Ross Williams
         Apparel, Textile, and Leather Products Division, DIrector Richard N. Johnson
         Durable Goods and Products Division, Director Roland P. Brown
         Forest Products Division, Director Paul Fiske, Acting
         Chemicals, Drugs, and Health Supplies Division, DIrector George K. Hamill, Acting
         Consumer Fuels Division, Director Raymond E. Kerr
    Program Vice Chairman Samuel W. Anderson
         Deputy Vice Chairman Lincoln Gordon
         Special Assistant Michael J. Deutch
         Program Controls Bureau, Director Lincoln Gordon, Acting
         Stockpiling and Transportation Bureau, Director Edward Browning, Jr.
         Orders and Regulations Bureau, Director Hugh W. Jackson
         Distribution Bureau, Director William J. Logan
    Vice Chairman for Field Operations James A. Folger
         Deputy Vice Chairman for Field Distribution Operations Samuel L. Shober, Jr.
         Deputy Vice Chairman for Field Production Operations Tudor Bowen
         War Production Drive Division, Director William F. Todd, Acting
    Vice Chairman (International Supply) William L. Batt

    --103--

    Vice Chairman for Labor Production Joseph D. Keenan
         Deputy Vice Chairman D. Alan Strachan
         Deputy Vice Chairman Irving J. Brown
         Plant and Community Facilities Service, Chief Roy M. Brewer
         Plant Productivity Division, Director George W. Brooks
         Shipbuilding Stabilization Division, Director Paul R. Porter
         Industrial Relations Division, Director D. Alan Strachan
    Vice Chairman for Manpower Requirements Clinton S. Golden
         Deputy Vice Chairman Philip J. Clowes
         Deputy Vice Chairman Maj. Ralph Hetzel
         Manpower Analysis Division, Director Allen Buchanan
         Manpower Programming Division, Director David Ziskind
    Operations Vice Chairman Harold Boeschenstein
         Deputy Vice Chairman A.J. McComb
         Deputy Vice Chairman for Production John B. Campbell
         Executive Officer W.C.Skuce
         Office of Industry Advisory Committees, Director Josiah G. Fort
         Salvage Division, Director W. Thomas Hoyt
         Rubber Bureau, Director James F. Clark
              Production and Distribution Division, DIrector Arthur S. Pawling
              Allocations and Statistics Division, Director G.B. Kayser
              Technical Division, Director Thomas J. Newton
              Facilities and Construction Division, Director Richard W. Alger
         Radio and Transport Bureau, Director (Vacancy)
              Aircraft Division, DIrector Henry P. Nelson
              Radio and Radar Division, Director Louis J. Chatten
              Transportation Equipment Division, Director George M. Cornell
              Shipbuilding Division, Director Capt. J.O. Gawne (U.S.N. ret.)
         Chemicals Bureau, Director D.P. Morgan
              Office of Chemicals Coordination, Director Lawrence Brown
              Compounded Chemical Products Division, Director W. FLetcher Twombly
              Basic Chemicals Division, Director Walter G. Whitman
         Forest Products Bureau, Deputy Director Benton Cancell
              Paper Division, Director Walter H. Wilcox
              Paperboard Division, Director Ralph A. Powers
              Lumber and Lumber Products Division, Director J. Philip Boyd
              Printing and Publishing Division, DIrector James H. Steinman
              Containers Division, Director Edward J. Detgen
         Consumer Hard Goods Bureau, Director (Vacancy)
              Consumer Durable Goods Division, Director Stanley B. Adams
              Safety and Technical Equipment Division, Director Howard Frank
              Service Equipment Division, Director N.G. Burleigh
         Textiles, Clothing and Leather Bureau, Director Kenneth W. Marriner
              CLothing, Knit Goods, and Equipage Division, Director J.F. Gleitsman
              Cotton and Synthetic Textiles Division, Director George H. Lanier, Jr.
              Wool, Cordage, and Textile Machinery Division, Director E.R. Metcalf
              Leather and Shoe Division, Director John H. Patterson
         Equipment Bureau, Director (Vacancy)
              Automotive Division, Director Fred Glover
              Farm Machinery and Equipment Division, Director Francis M. Shields
              General Industrial Equipment Division, Director William M. Haile
              Tools Division, Director John S. Chafee

    --104--

    Operations Vice Chairman--Continued  
         Construction Bureau, Director John L. Haynes
              Building Materials Division, Director W.W. Spencer, Acting
              Plumbing and Heating Division, Director C.R. Davisson
              Construction Machinery Division, Director Henry M. Hale
    Vice Chairman for Metals and Minerals William C. Keeley
         Deputy Vice Chairman James Douglas
         Steel Division, Director W.B.Todd
         Copper Division, Director Michael Schwarz
         Aluminum and Magnesium Division, Director George C. Heikes
         Mineral Resources Coordinating Division, Director James Douglas
         Miscellaneous Minerals Division, Director James S. Macgregor
         Tin, Lead, and Zinc Division, Director Erwin Vogelsang
         Cork, Asbestos, and Fibrous Glass Division, Director William T. Melot
         Mining Division, Director Arthur S. Knoizen

    Production Executive Committee

    Chairman J.A. Krug
    Vice Chairman Hiland G. Batcheller
         Howard Bruce (Army Service Forces, War Department)
         Maj. Gen. Oliver P. Echols (Commanding General, Matériel Command, Army Air Forces, War Department)
         Vice Admiral Samuel M. Robinson (Chief of Procurement and Material, Navy Department)
         Vice Admiral Howard L. Vickery (Vice Chairman, U.S. Maritime Commission)
         Rear Admiral D.C. Ramsey (Bureau of Aeronautics, Navy Department)
         Francis L. McNamee (War Manpower Commission)
         John D. Small (Executive Officer, War Production Board)
    Executive Secretary G. Lyle Belsley

    Requirements Committee

    Chairman Samuel W. Anderson
    Vice Chairman Lincoln Gordon
         Brig. Gen. Hugh C. Minton (Army Service Forces, War Department)
         Rear Admiral Henry Williams (Office of Procurement and Material, Navy Department)
         Brig. Gen. F.M. Hopkins (Aircraft Resources Control Office, War Department)
         Brig. Gen. Charles D. Young (Office of Defense Transportation)
         Allan D. MacLean (Maritime Commission)
         Frederick W. Gardner (State Department)
         Samuel H. Lebensburger (Foreign Economic Administration)
         F.B. Northrup (War Food Administration)
         J. Bion Philipson (National Housing Agency)
         Claude P. Parsons (Petroleum Administration for War)
         Edward Falck (Director, Office of War Utilities, War Production Board)
         W.Y. Elliott (Vice Chairman for Civilian Requirements, War Production Board)
         Harold Boeschenstein (Operations Vice Chairman, War Production Board)
         William C. Keeley (Vice Chairman for Metals and Minerals, War Production Board)
         Clinton S. Golden (Vice Chairman for Manpower Requirements, War Production Board)
    Secretary Frank R. Isenhart

    --105--

    Aircraft Production Board

    Chairman J.A. Krug
         Lt. Gen. William S. Knudsen (Army Air Forces, War Department)
         Maj. Gen. Oliver P. Echols (Army Air Forces, War Department)
         Rear Admiral Lawrence B. Richardson (Bureau of Aeronautics, Navy Department)
         T.P. Wright (Administrator, Civil Aeronautics Administration)
         Myron A. Tracy (Acting Recorder, Aircraft Production Board)

    Resource Protection Board

    Chairman Virgil E. Tobin
    Vice Chairman Robert A. Graham
         Col. Carl G. Richmond (Office of the Provost Marshal General, War Department)
         Col. Harrison G. Reynolds (Army Air Forces, War Department)
         Rear Admiral A.m. Charlton (Office of Procurement and Material, Navy Department)
         Col. J.B. Warden (Industrial Protection Division Chief, Office of Civilian Defense)
         H.H. Sunderland (Storage Branch, Bureau of Stockpiling and Transportation, War Production Board)
    Secretary M.L. Reese

    Mineral Resources Operating Committee

    Chairman James Douglas
         Alan M. Bateman (Metals and Minerals Branch, Office of Imports, Foreign Economic Administration)
         R.S. Dean (Bureau of Mines, Department of the Interior)
         Simon D. Strauss (Vice President, Metals Reserve Company)
         C.K. Leith (Metals and Minerals Branch, Office of Production Research and Development, War Production Board)
         Roland D. Parks (Assistant Deputy Vice Chairman for Metals and Minerals, War Production Board)
    Secretary M/L. Reese

    Shipbuilding Stabilization Committee

    Chairman Paul R. Porter
    Deputy Chairman Ernest A. McMillan
         Vice Admiral Howard L. Vickery (U.S. Maritime Commission)
         Daniel S. Ring (U.S. Maritime Commission)
         Capt. G.M. Keller (Navy Department)
         Comdr. Hal J. Wright (Navy Department)
         Col. Charles E. Martin (War Department)
         Cl. Ralph F. Gow (War Department)
         (and 24 representatives of management and labor)

    Building Trades Stabilization Board of Review

    Chairman Louis K. Comstock
         Richard J. Gray (Building Trades Department, American Federation of Labor)
         Col. James T. O'Connell (Army Service Forces, War Department)


    Creation and Authority.--The War Production Board was established within the Office for Emergency Management by Executive Order 9024, dated January 16, 1942, amplified by Executive Order 9040 of January 24, 1942, and Executive Order 9125, of April 7, 1942.

    --106--

    Purpose.--Executive Order 9024 states that "the Chairman of the War Production Board, with the advice and assistance of the members of the Board, shall:
    1. "Exercise general direction over the war procurement and production program.

    2. "Determine the policies, plans, procedures, and methods of the several Federal department, establishments, and agencies in respect to war procurement and production, including purchasing, contracting, specifications, and construction; and including conversion, requisitioning, plant expansion, and the financing thereof; and issue such directives in respect thereto as he may deem necessary or appropriate.

    3. "Perform the functions and exercise the powers vested in the Supply Priorities and Allocations Board by Executive Order 8875 of August 28, 1941.

    4. "Supervise the Office of Production Management [War Production Board] in the performance of its Responsibilities and duties, and direct such changes in its organization as he may deem necessary.

    5. "Report from time to time to the President on the progress of war procurement and production; and perform such other duties as the President may direct."

    Policies, plans, methods, and procedures with respect to war procurement and production, as determined by the Chairman, are to be complied with by Federal departments and agencies.

    The order stipulates that the Joint Army and Navy Munitions Board shall report to the President through the Chairman of the War Production Board.

    The Supply Priorities and Allocations Board, within the Office fo Emergency Management, was abolished by the order creating the War Production Board, and its personnel, records, and property were transferred to the War Production Board. The Supply Priorities and Allocations Board had been established to "assure unity of policy and coordinated consideration of all relevant factors involved in the supply and allocation of materials and commodities among the various phases of the defense program and competing civilian demands."

    The following Executive orders were amended in accordance with Executive Order 9024, establishing the War Production Board: 8629 of January 7, 1941 (establishing the Office of Production Management and defining its functions); 8875 of August 28, 1941 (delegation and coordination of priority authority); 8891 of September 4, 1941 (establishing the Division of Contract Distribution); 8942 of November 19, 1941 (providing for administration of requisition of property required for national defense); and 9001 of December 27, 1941, and 9023 of January 14, 1942 (authorizing certain departments and agencies to enter into contracts). Provisions of these or other Executive orders conflicting with Executive Order 9024 were thereby superseded.

    The Office of Production management was abolished by Executive Order 9040 and its personnel, records, property, and funds were transferred to the War Production Board, The Office of Production Management had been established in the Office for Emergency Management by Executive Order 8629, dated January 7, 1941, to "formulate and execute in the public interest all measures needful and appropriate in order (1) to increase, accelerate, and regulate the production and

    --107--

    supply of materials, articles, and equipment and the provision of emergency plant facilities and services required for the national defense, and (2) to insure effective coordination of those activities of the several departments, corporations, and other agencies of the Government which are directly concerned therewith."

    Executive Order 9040 states that in addition to the responsibilities and duties described in Executive Order 9024, the Chairman of the War Production Board, with the advice and assistance of the members of the Board, shall:

    1. "Perform the functions and exercise the powers heretofore vested in the Office of Production Management.

    2. "Perform the functions and exercise the powers vested in the Supply Priorities and Allocations Board by Executive Order 8942, of November 19, 1941.

    3. "Perform the functions and exercise the authority vested in the President by section 120 of the National Defense Act of 1916 (39 Stat. 213)."

    The order also specifies that "the Chairman of the War Production Board may exercise the powers, authority, and discretion conferred upon im by this or any other order through such official or agencies and in such manner as he may determine; and his decisions shall be final."

    The powers of the Board were further extended by Executive Order 9125 on April 7, 1942, as follows: "The Chairman of the War Production Board, with the advice and assistance of the members of the Board, shall perform the additional functions and duties, and exercise the additional powers, authority, and discretion conferred upon the President of the United States by title III of the Second War Powers Act, 1942."

    Executive Order 9335, dated April 19, 1943, amended Executive Order 9024 by providing that the Secretary of Agriculture should be a member of the War Production Board.

    By letter dated June 30, 1943, the President named the War Food Administrator to membership on the War Production Board. Similarly, by letter of December 9, 1944, the President approved membership on the War Production Board for the Director of Contract Settlement.

    Organization.--The Chairman exercises control of all War Production Board policies and operations and is responsible for the presentation of those policies to the Congress, the President, and other Government agencies. He is directly assisted by a Chief of Operations and an Executive Officer. Reporting directly to the Chairman area small group of staff offices and divisions, including the Office of the General Counsel, the Office of the Executive Secretary, Office of Production Research and Development, Information Division, Management Consultant Division, Procurement Policy Division, Bureau of Program and Statistics, and Office of War Utilities. In addition to exercising general supervision over the work of the agency, the

    --108--

    Chairman of the War Production Board is Chairman of the Production Executive Committee and the Aircraft Production Board.

    The principal functions of the War Production Board are assigned to the following Vice Chairmen: Vice Chairman for Smaller War Plants, Vice Chairman for Civilian Requirements, Program Vice Chairman, Vice Chairman for Field Operations, Vice Chairman (International Supply), Vice Chairman for Labor Production, Vice Chairman for Manpower Requirements, Operations Vice Chairman, and Vice Chairman for Metals and Minerals.

    The Vice Chairman for Small War Plants is Chairman of the Smaller War Plants Corporation.

    The Vice Chairman for Civilian Requirements directs the Office of Civilian Requirements. He determines requirements for consumer goods and services, and within the limits of total allocations made by the Program Vice Chairman, distributes materials. He also determines War Production Board policies for necessary rationing.

    The Program Vice Chairman apportions available supplies of critical resources among major claimants, and controls the distribution of materials through the direction and supervision of the following organization units: Program Controls Bureau, Stockpiling and Transportation Bureau, Orders and Regulations Bureau, and Distribution Bureau, and Distribution Bureau. He is Chairman of the Requirements Committee, which consists of representatives of those agencies authorized to present demands for critical materials. This Committee advises the Program Vice Chairman in his function of determining allocations.

    The Vice Chairman for Field Operations is responsible for the field activities of the War Production Board, including the decentralized issuance of priority certificates, production expediting, area production urgency operations, servicing joint labor-management production committees in war plants, and other programs.

    The Vice Chairman (International Supply) represents the War Production Board in dealing with problems and maintaining relationships concerned with the broad aspects of international supply and requirements. He is the United States member of the Combined Raw Materials Board, the Joint War Production Committee, and the Material Coordinating Committee, and represents the Chairman on the Combined Production and Resources Board.

    The Vice Chairman for Labor Production exercises War Production Board responsibilities related to labor productivity, including such matters as industrial relations, remedying of inadequate labor utilization, stimulation of production in war plants through plant and community services and programs, and the operation of wage stabilization programs in the shipbuilding and building trades.

    The Vice Chairman for Manpower Requirements acts for the War Production Board to assure an adequate supply of manpower for war and essential civilian production. He is concerned with the analysis and programming of manpower requirements, and their presentation to the War Manpower Commission, the identification of labor shortage areas, the development of policies regarding location of new plants, and the transfer of production away from labor shortage areas.

    The Operations Vice Chairman and the Vice Chairman for Metals and Minerals direct and supervise the work of the industry divisions and closely related staff agencies. In general, the industry divisions

    --109--

    reporting to the Operations Vice Chairman are concerned with end-=products and components, and with materials of a non-metallic and non-mineral character; those industry divisions that report to the Vice Chairman for Metals and Minerals are concerned with metals and minerals. The industry divisions serve as the points of contact between the War Production Board and the industries whose production they regulate and control. The divisions are divided further into industry and commodity sections that give specialized attention to each industry or closely related groups of industries. Within each industry division estimates are made of (1) the industry's requirements for materials, (2) its capacity for producing finished products, and (3) the military, civilian, and foreign requirements for these finished products. These estimates form the basis for production programs developed by the Requirements Committee. Industry divisions are responsible for distributing materials in accordance with approved programs and for otherwise assisting in meeting production goals. The metals and minerals divisions are concerned with problems of balancing supply and demand for these materials. Activities.--The major activities of the War Production Board revolve about its exercise of the power to assign priorities to deliveries of material, to require acceptance and performance of contracts and orders deemed necessary for the defense of the United States, and to allocate materials and facilities whose supply is less than requirements. These powers, which are vested in the President by title III of the Second War Powers Act (56 Stat. 177; 41 U.S.C. note prec. 1, 50 App. U.S.C. 633), were in turn delegated by the President to the Chairman of the War Production Board. They are used as the instruments through which the War Production Board exercises over-all control of the war production and procurement program and directs the flow of materials and critical components through the industrial system.

    The character of the controls exercised by the War Production Board has shifted with the changing problems of the war production program. The first task was to provide industrial facilities for the production of materials and war products. Accordingly, in the period immediately following the outbreak of war on December 7, 1941, there were two main objectives: (1) the expansion of mining facilities and construction of new plants and tools, and (2) the conversion of existing plants and tools used in the manufacture of less essential civilian goods to war work. These objectives were achieved in major part by the latter part of 1942, although in particular areas there was continued emphasis upon construction and conversion of industrial facilities. more recent efforts have been directed toward a reduction in the volume of construction, wider distribution of war contracts, and avoidance of excessive production demands upon labor shortage areas. These objective has been to insure the most efficient utilization of plants, materials, manpower, tools, managerial talent, transportation, and other limited resources.

    Through the Requirements Committee and other agencies the War Production Board allocates available supplies of materials and components quarterly among the competing requirements of the following agencies: Army, Navy, United States Maritime Commission, Aircraft Resources Control Office, Foreign Economic Administration,

    --110--

    Canadian Division, National Housing Agency, War Food Administration, Office of Defense transportation, Petroleum Administration for War, Office of Civilian Requirements, Office of War Utilities, and Operations Vice Chairman. Under the Controlled Materials Plan, adopted in November 1942, each claimant agency divides its portion of the materials approved for different end-products among the producers or users under its jurisdiction. Each end-product manufacturer in turn extends his authority to secure materials among the manufacturers supplying parts entering into the final product.

    The War Production Board, in December 1942, undertook the responsibility for scheduling various production programs for the agencies participating in the national war production program in order to insure that program schedules do not conflict, are in balance, are consistent with the maximum productive possibilities of the national economy, and are in accord with the strategic requirements of the Chiefs of Staff. Toward the end of February 1943 the Board issued a general scheduling order whereby it exercises detailed control over the placement of orders for critical components that enter into a number of important war products. This action recognized that components rather than raw materials were the principal bottlenecks in a number of programs, and that the remedy lay in detailed control over both production and distribution of these critical common components. Scheduling and specific allocation techniques have continued to be indispensable in meeting military and essential civilian programs.

    In September 1943 the War Production Board inaugurated an extensive program designed to (a) decentralize operations to the regional offices and (b) relax the rigidity of the Board's controls over users of small amounts of critical resources, particularly materials. In October 1943 the Board established Area Production Urgency Committees charged with bringing the production load on the West Coast and in other designated critical labor areas within the limits of available labor supply. The work of these committees has been increasingly important during 1944 as a result of intensified local manpower shortages which have affected many programs.

    During the winter and spring of 1944 extensive consideration was given to the problems of resumption of civilian production as productive resources became available. Among other specific actions taken, in June 1944 the Board established the Production Executive Committee Staff, which acts for the Board in connection with the translation of cutbacks in military programs into cancellations of specific war contracts. This development cumulated during the summer months in the issuance of the so-called four "reconversion orders," which authorized the freer use of aluminum, the construction of experimental models, purchase of machine tools, and "spot resumption" of civilian production where manpower and facilities were available.

    On September 5, 1944, as military progress in France pointed to the possibility of the early defeat of Germany and military procurement plans indicated that a sharp curtailment of equipment needs would follow that defeat, the War Production Board gave unanimous approval to a policy of virtually unrestricted civilian production after victory over Germany. Detailed plans were developed for the orderly relaxation of controls over specific industries.

    --111--

    Battle experience in the late fall and winter of 1944-45 made it necessary to revise military requirements upward for a number of items. As a consequence, production of civilian items was placed under stricter control.

    Regional and District Offices--War Production Board

    [DM--District Manager; ADM--Acting District Manager; RD--Regional Director; DRD Deputy Regional Director; DD--Deputy Director]

    City Officer Address
    Alabama:    
    Birmingham 1 James P. Barnes, DM 322 Phoenix Building
    Arizona:    
    Phoenix Louis Myers, Assistant DM 402 Security Building
    Arkansas:    
    Little Rock Charles S. Christian, DM Pyramid Building
    California:    
    San Francisco (Region 10: California, Arizona, Nevada, south half of Idaho) Henry S. Wright, Acting RD
    Edwin F. Halloran, DD
    Dunsmuir S. Neher, DD
    1355 Market Street
    Los Angeles 15 Louis M. Dreves, DRD 1031 S. Broadway
    Colorado:    
    Denver 2 (Region 9: Colorado, New Mexico, Utah) Virgil L. Board, RD
    Lewis J. Todhunter, Chief DRD
    James Reed Lane, DD, Metals and Minerals.
    Norman J. Castellan, DRD, Distribution
    Continental Oil Building
    Connecticut:    
    Bridgeport 3 Raymond L. French, DM 144 Golden Hill Street
    Hartford 4 Harold Bates, DM 119 Ann Street
    New Haven 10 Charles A. Newton, DM 152 Temple Street
    Delaware:    
    Wilmington 50 Thomas E. Doremus, DM 314 Pennsylvania Building
    Florida:    
    Jacksonville 1 T.L. Staton, DM 300 George Washington Hotel Annex
    Tampa 2 Herbert A. Brennan, DM 901 Wallace S. Building
    Georgia:    
    Atlanta 1 (Region 4: North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Florida) Harry G. Thornton, RD
    John B. Reeves, Chief DD
    G. Leonard Allen, DD, Production Service
    John H. Olden, DM
    116 Candler Building
    Idaho:    
    Boise Raymond J. Briggs, DM Capitol Securities Building
    Illinois:    
    Chicago 6 (Region 6: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Wisconsin) John Nuveen, Jr., RD
    W.G.W. Glos, DD, Distribution
    George A. Dinnen, DD, Production Service
    Paul A. Jenkins, DD, Subregion
    226 W. Jackson Boulevard
    Decatur 12 Paul Fields, DM 208 Standard Office Building
    Peoria 2 Wesley C. Heppard, DM 1107 Alliance Life Building
    Rockford Frank G. Bastable, DM 621 Gas-Electric Building
    Indiana:    
    Evansville G.M. Haynie, DM 8 Koenig Building
    Fort Wayne 2 N.R. Zurbuch, DM 210 Utility Building
    Indianapolis 4 Albert O. Evans, DM Circle Market Building
    South Bend 9 Elmer G. Wenz, DM 808 Sherland Building
    Iowa:    
    Davenport Arthur W. Lineberry, ADM 405 Kahl Building
    Des Moines 9 Walter E. Muir, DM 327 Liberty Building
    Kansas:    
    Wichita 2 Edward G. Fahnestock, DM Union National Bank Building
    Kentucky:    
    Louisville 2 Henry Edson, DM Hoffman Building, Fourth and Market Street
    Louisiana:    
    New Orleans 12 Allan T. Dusenburg, DM Canal Building
    Maine:    
    Portland Edwin C. Hyde, DM 142 High Street
    Maryland:    
    Baltimore 2 G.W. Creighton, DM Baltimore Trust Building
    Massachusetts:    
    Boston 8 (Region 1: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont) Walker Mason, RD
    William P. Homans, DD, Priorities Distribution
    Ray Hudson, DD, Production Service
    17 Court Street
    Springfield 3 William E. Haskell, DM 1200 Main Street
    Worcester 8 John W. Perry, DM 340 Main Street

    --112--

    Regional and District Offices--War Production Board--Continued
    City Officer Address
    Michigan:    
    Detroit 2 (Region 11: Michigan, Ohio) Carsten Tiedeman, RD
    Walter F. Wright, Chief DD
    Dea B. Meadows, DD, Production Service
    John D. McGillis, DD, Priorities Distribution
    7310 Woodward Avenue
    Grand Rapids 2 Herbert O'Brien, DM 310 Keeler Building
    Saginaw 11 LeRoy Bates, DM 614 Building and Loan Association Building
    Minnesota:    
    Minneapolis 1 (Region 12: Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana) David J. Winton, RD
    Carl W. Jones, Chief DD
    326 Midland Bank Building
    Duluth 2 Russell G. Barnes, DM 307 Christie Building
    Mississippi:    
    Jackson A.G. McIntosh, DM 11th Floor, Tower Building
    Missouri:    
    Kansas City 6 (Region 7: Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, Nebraska) Louis E. Crandall, RD
    Vacancy, Chief DD
    Harold W. Taft, DD, Production Service
    Charles B. Shaeffer, DM
    Mutual Interstate Building
    Paul Brown Building, St. Louis
    Mutual Interstate Building
    St. Louis 1 Robert L. Hughes, DM Paul Brown Building
    Montana:    
    Helena Oscar A. Baarson, DM Room 222, Power Block
    Nebraska:    
    Omaha W.R. Harris, DM City National Bank Building
    Nevada:    
    Reno Edwin S. Bender, DM P.O. Box 1751
    New Hampshire:    
    Manchester Thomas H. Hagan, DM Amoskeag Industries Building
    New Jersey:    
    Newark 2 M.E. Cutler, DM Globe Indemnity Building
    Trenton 8 H.A. Ludeke,ADM 1102 Broad Street Bank Building
    New Mexico:    
    Albuquerque Murray H. Sprague, DM 1031/2 W. Central Avenue
    New York:    
    New York City 1 (Region 2: New York and northern half of New Jersey) Lewis S. Greenleaf, Jr., RD
    Paul R. Brady, DD, Priorities Distribution
    Milton H. Luce, DD, for Operations and Civilian Requirements
    Ralph A. Parker, DD, Production Service
    Empire State Building, 350 Fifth Avenue
    Albany 7 F.J. Holman, DM 112 State Street
    Brooklyn 2 E.Z. Weinberg, DM 16 Court Street
    Buffalo 3 Paul R. Smith, DM 9th Floor, Rand Building
    Rochester 4 Mahlon H. Gregg, DM 707 Commerce Building
    Syracuse 2 Earl R. Mason, DM 224 Harrison Street
    Utica 2 Matt DeZee, DM First National Bank Building
    North Carolina:    
    Charlotte 2 Thomas J. Love, ADM New Charlotte Law Building
    Raleigh Thomas J. Love, DM Capitol Club Building
    North Dakota:    
    Bismarck Robert L. Schwichtenberg, ADM 10 Eltinge Building
    Fargo Wm. A. McMillan, ADM 400 Universal Building
    Ohio:    
    Cleveland 1 (Region 5: Western Pennsylvania, Ohio, Kentucky, West Virginia) John C. Virden, RD
    Fred W. Ramsey, Chief DRD
    H. Dale Rue, DRD
    Frank M. Aldridge, RDR
    1300 Union Commerce Building
    Akron 8 Leif Oyen, DM 604 Central Tower
    Cincinnati 2 Elmer C. Henlein, DM 34 E. Fourth Street
    Cleveland 1 George A. Moore, DM Union Commerce building
    Columbus 15 Wm. S. Reinhart, ADM 145 N. High Street
    Dayton H.B. Doty, DM 129 S. Ludlow Street
    Toledo A.E. Buchenberg, DM 833 Security Bank Building
    Oklahoma:    
    Oklahoma City 2 Clarence A. Stoldt, DM Key Building
    Tulsa 3 Alfred E. Ballin, DM Petroleum Building
    Oregon:    
    Portland 4 Paul Hirsch, DRD Bedell Building

    --113--

    Regional and District Offices--War Production Board--Continued
    City Officer Address
    Pennsylvania:    
    Philadelphia 3 (Region 3: eastern Pennsylvania, southern half of New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia) J. Griffith Boardman, RD
    L.C.Murdoch, Acting CHief DD
    Richard P. Hendren, DD, Production
    L.C. Murdoch, DD, Priorities Distribution
    1617 Pennsylvania Boulevard
    Allentown Felix P. Gross, DM 500 Hamilton Street
    Erie Ralph DeLancy, DM 418 Commerce Building
    Harrisburg Ritchie Lawrie, Jr., DM 112 Market Street
    Pittsburgh 22 Chester C. Morrison, DM 800 First National Bank Building
    Scranton 3 J.P. Eyre Price, DM First National Bank Building
    Rhode Island:    
    Providence 3 John C. Nash, DM 500 Industrial Trade Building
    South Carolina:    
    Columbia 56 Thomas K. Legare, DM Waters Building
    South Dakota:    
    Sioux Falls James G. Scott, DM 402 Western Surety Building
    Tennessee:    
    Knoxville 10 Stuart Fonde, DM 203 Goode Building
    Memphis 1 Paul P. Henderson, ADM 1821 Sterick Building
    Nashville 3 Paul P. Henderson, DM 315 Stahlman Building
    Texas:    
    Dallas 1 (Region 8: Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas) George L. Noble, jr., RD
    Paul F. Rutledge, Chief DD
    Robert C. Stryker, DD for Operations and District Offices
    A.J. Langford, DM
    1221 Mercantile Bank Building
    El Paso John I. Hallett, DM Caples Building
    Houston 2 Hugh J. Corcoran, DM Electric Building
    San Antonio 5 Carl L. Pool, DM
    Utah:    
    Salt Lake City Ralph Bristol, DM Atlas Building
    Vermont:    
    Montpelier Robert C. Lane, DM 84 State Street
    Virginia:    
    Norfolk 10 Harry C. Ritter, DM 526 Dickson Building
    Richmond 19 Courtenay S. Welton, DM Schmidt Building
    Washington:    
    Seattle 1 (Region 13: Washington, Oregon, and north half of Idaho, Alaska) Kenneth B. Colman, RD
    Joseph E. Gandry, Chief DRD
    T.A.Mardon, DRD, Production Service
    White-Henry-Stuart Building
    Spokane 8 Dewitt E. Wallace, DM Sun Life Building
    West Virginia:    
    Charleston 30 Alex H. Cooper, DM 605 Atlas Building
    Wisconsin:    
    Eau Claire Ronald R. Valier, ADM 1281/2 Graham Avenue
    Green Bay Paul Romig, DM 206 Main Street
    Madison 3 Ronald R. Valier, DM Washington Building
    Milwaukee 1 Frank W. Greusel, DM Plankinton Building
    Alaska: Norman C. Stines, Alaska Representative Juneau
    Puerto Rico:    
    San Juan Gordon W. Foote, Chief, Territorial Possessions
    Harold Lockheimer, DM
    Building B, Stop 8
    Hawaii:    
    Honolulu Fred R. Kingman, DM Iolani Palace
    Canada:    
    Ottawa Wm J. Zepp, Chief of Ottawa Branch Temporary "3" Building

    Approved.

    J.A. Krug
    Chairman

    Further Reading:

    --114--

    Smaller War Plants Corporation5

    101 Indiana Avenue NW.
    REpublic 7500

    Board of Directors
    James T. Howington
    Patrick W. McDonough
    Laurence F. Arnold
    (Vacancy)
    Staff
    General Manager Maury Maverick
    Assistant General Manager Malcolm G. Bardwell
    Secretary of the Corporation Jesse Robison
    General Counsel David L. Podell
    Chief, Operations Bureau M. Rea Paul
    Chief, Loan Bureau Frank Prince
    Chief, Field Bureau William C. Wright
    Director, Office of Administrative Finance and Management W. Darlington Denit
    Director, Office of Reports John M. Blair
    Director, Office of Information Paul H. Jordan
    Director, Office of Labor Consultants Rudolph M. Marginot
    Comptroller Robert F. Nachtrieb
    Chief, Technical Advisory Service Orville T. Colby


    Creation and Purpose.--Act of Congress approved June 11, 1942 (56 Stat. 351; 50 U.S.C. 1101), created the Smaller War Plants Corporation with a capital stock of $150,000,000, to ensure that small business concerns will be most efficiently and effectively utilized in the production of articles, equipment, supplies, and material for both war and essential civilian purposes.

    Organization.--The management of the Corporation is vested in a board of five directors, familiar with the problems of small business, appointed by the Chairman of the War Production Board.

    Activities.--The Corporation assists in the procurement of prime contracts and subcontracts, leases machinery, lends money, aids in the disposal of surplus materials and equipment to small business, and assists in the solution of technical and financial problems. ,p> The Corporation also participates with other agencies in facilitating the prompt and equitable settlement of the claims of small prime and subcontractors arising from the termination of war contracts.

    Approved.

    Maury Maverick
    Chairman

    --115--

    War Shipping Administration

    Room 1060, Department of Commerce Building
    EXecutive 3340, Branch 400

    Officials
    Administrator Vice Admiral Emory S. Land (U.S.N. retired)
    Deputy Administrator (for construction) Vice Admiral Howard L. Vickery
    Deputy Administrator (for vessel utilization) Capt. Granville Conway
         Executive Assistant Frank J. Mahoney
    Deputy Administrator (for labor relations, manning, training, and recruitment) Capt. Edward Macauley (U.S.N. retired)
    Executive Deputy Administrator S. Duvall Schell
    Secretary A.J. Williams
         Assistant Secretary R.L. McDonald
    General Counsel William Radner
         Executive Assistant Thomas Lisi
    Assistant to Administrator H.T. Morse
    Comptroller J.M. Quinn
    Chairman, Price Adjustment Board James L. Murphy6
    Coordinator of Ship Defense Installations Vice Admiral A.P. Fairfield (U.S.N. retired)
    Director, Division of Public Relations Robert W. Horton
    Director, Division of Personnel Management John H. Ashman
    Director, Division of Allocations Dudley B. Donald
    Director, Foreign Service Jason C. Outler
    Director, Division of Statistics and Research L.P. Nickell
    Director, Division of Ship Requirements R.M. Bissell, Jr.
    Director, Division of Security and Communications Vice Admiral A.P. Fairfield
    Director, Division of Tanker Allocations John J. Winterbottom
    Assistant Deputy Administrator (for ship operations and traffic organization) Gerald H. Helmbold
         Special Assistant Walter C. Hipkins
         Director, Operating Contracts Division Paul A. Sullivan
         Director, Food Control Division Harold O'Connell
         Director, Division of Traffic Ferdinand M. Darr
         Director, Vessel Operations Division Capt. William H. Lee
         Director, Tanker Operations Division J.W. Bancker
    Assistant Deputy Administrator (for fiscal affairs organization) Percy Chubb
         Director, Division of Freight Rates John F. McArt
         Director, Division of Large Vessel Procurement Walter Gherardi
         Director, Division of Fiscal Controls R.H. Overstreet
         Director, Division of Wartime Insurance E.A. Bloomquist
         Director, Division of Lend-Lease Procurement C.G. Cornwell
         Director, Division of Foreign CHarters and Ship Warrants John W. Mann
    Assistant Deputy Administrator (for training organization) Commo. Telfair Knight
         Executive Assistant Capt. R.R. McNulty (U.S.N.R.)
         Commandant, U.S. Maritime Service Rear Admiral A.B. Randall (U.S.N.R.)
         Supervisor, U.S. Merchant Marine Cadet Corps Capt. R.R. McNulty (U.S.N.R.)

    --116--

         Supervisor, State Maritime Academies Capt. Norman L. Queen (U.S.N.R.)
    Assistant Deputy Administrator (for Maritime labor relations organization) Hubert Wyckoff
         Executive Assistant Erich Nielsen
         Director, Division of Labor Agreements M. Worth Oswald
         Director, Division of War Risk Compensation John G. Baldwin
         Director, Division of Marine Complaints A.J. Dunn
    Medical Director Dr. Justin K. Fuller (U.S.P.H.S.)
         Deputy Medical Director (for training) Dr. M.V. Ziegler (U.S.P.H.S.)
         Deputy Medical Director (for training) Dr. C.E. Rice (U.S.P.H.S.)
         Deputy Medical Director (for vessel operations) Comdr. W.G. Terwilliger (U.S.N.R.)/td>
         Deputy Medical Director (for recruitment and manning) Dr. Daniel Blain (U.S.P.H.S.)
    Assistant Deputy Administrator (recruitment and manning organization) H. Chase Stone
         Executive Assistant Howard K. Hyde
         Director, Manning Division Hugh King
         Director, Recruitment Division Samuel Kudish
         Director, Service Division Edward H. Hughes
         Director, Foreign Division Roy C. Donnally
         Labor Economist Myer Naigles
    Assistant Deputy Administrator (for maintenance and repair organization) Rear Admiral Charles A Dunn
         Director, Division of Foreign Repairs and Salvage Operations D.S. Brierley
         General Manager, Maintenance and Repair R.T. Lemon
    Assistant Deputy Administrator (for small vessels organization) Commo. E.J. Moran (U.S.N.R.)
    Budget officer Norman L. Johnson
    Assistant Deputy Administrator (for Pacific Area organization) John E. Cushing
         Executive Assistant Felix Isherwood
         Pacific Coast Director Lt. Comdr. W.C. Peet, Jr. (U.S.N.R.)
         Assistant to Pacific Coast Director Raymond Tibbits
         Assistant Pacific Coast Director Gerald H. Wagner
         Assistant Pacific Coast Director (San Pedro, Calif.) Strafford Harlow
         Assistant Pacific Coast Director (Portland, Oreg.) George Powell
         Director, North Pacific Division A.R. Lintner
         Director, Southwest Pacific Division F.A. Bailey
         Chairman, Pacific Coast Maritime Industry Board Paul Eliel
              Executive Assistant Waldo Chamberlain
    Atlantic Coast Director Walter W. Schwenk
         District Manager J. Victor Bahorich
         District Manager M.H. McGann
         District Manager John F. Doyle
         District Manager Julius A. Bouslog
         District Manager George F. Blair
         District Manager John Morel
         Director, Division of Cargo Control J.O. Senner
         Director, Division of Forwarding Capt. H.L. McKay
         Assistant Director, Division of Transit Inventory Records Judson Evans

    --117--

    Gulf Coast Director Chester H. Marshall
         District Manager J.J. Fitzpatrick
    Regional Manager for Great Lakes R.D. Smith


    Creation and Authority.--The War Shipping Administration was established within the Office for Emergency Management on February 7, 1942, by Executive Order 9054, issued under the First War Powers Act (55 Stat. 838, ch. 593); U.S.C. title 50 App., secs. 601 et.seq.).

    The Executive order transferred to the Administrator the functions, duties and powers of the United States Maritime Commission with respect to the operation, purchase, charter, insurance, repair, maintenance, and requisition of vessels and the issuance of warrants with respect to them, and assigned to the Administration such part of the personnel of the Maritime Commission together with such records and public property as the Administrator may deem necessary to the full exercise of his function and duties.

    Pursuant to this authority all vessels owned by the Commission and all vessels the ownership of which may be acquired by the Commission were transferred to the War Shipping Administration. Vessels under the control of the War Shipping Administration constitute a pool to be allocated by the Administrator for use by the Army, the Navy, other Federal departments and agencies, and the governments of the United Nations, in compliance with strategic military requirements.

    Provisions were made by the order fo ruse of the services and personnel of other Government agencies engaged in activities related to the operation of shipping, for the employment of necessary personnel supplies, facilities, and services, and, with the approval of the President, for the transfer to the Administration of funds and contract authority available for the use of the Maritime Commission.

    Purpose.--The Administrator, appointed by and responsible to the President, is authorized to perform the following functions and duties:

    1. Control the operation, purchase, charter, requisition, and use of all ocean vessels under the flag or control of the United States, except combatant vessels of the Army, the Navy, and the Coast Guard, fleet auxiliaries of the Navy, transports owned by the Army and the Navy, and vessels engaged in coastwise, intercoastal, and inland transportation under the control of the Director of the Office of Defense Transportation.

    2. Allocate vessels under the flag or control of the United States for use by the Army, the Navy, other Federal departments and agencies, and the governments of the United Nations.

    3. Provide marine insurance and reinsurance against loss or damage by the risks of war as authorized by title II of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936, as amended.

    --118--

    1. Establish the conditions to be complied with as condition to receiving priorities and other advantages as provided in the act of Congress, approved July 14, 1941 (55 Stat. 591; 46 U.S.C. note preceding 1101).

    2. Represent the United States Government in dealing with the British Ministry of War Transport and with similar shipping agencies of nations allied with the United States in the prosecution of the war in matters related to the use of shipping.

    3. Maintain current data on the availability of shipping, in being and under construction, and furnish such data on request to the War and the Navy Departments, and other Federal departments and agencies concerned with the import or export of war materials and commodities.

    4. Keep the President informed with regard to the progress made, and perform such related duties as the President shall from time to time assign or delegate to him.

    The functions pertaining to the operation of the United States Maritime Service, the merchant marine cadet and cadet officer training program, and Federal supervision over State marine and civilian nautical schools were placed under the War Shipping Administration by Executive Order 9198, of July 11, 1942. These functions had been transferred from the United States Maritime Commission to the Commandant of the United States Coast Guard by Executive Order 9083 of February 27, 1942.

    Activities.--The Administrator collaborates with existing military, naval, and civil departments and agencies of the Government performing functions connected with wartime overseas transportation to secure the most effective utilization of shipping in the prosecution of the war. With respect to the overseas transportation of cargoes essential to the war production effort and civilian economy, the Administrator is guided by schedules transmitted to him by the Chairman of the War Production Board prescribing the priority of movement of such commodities and materials.

    The Administrator is authorized to issue such directives concerning shipping operations as he may deem necessary or appropriate, and his decision are final with respect to the functions and authorities so vested in him. He may exercise his powers, authority, and discretion through such officials or agencies and in such manner as he may determine.

    The Administrator is authorized to establish committees or groups of advisers representing two or more departments of the Federal Government, or agencies or missions of the United Nations, and he may appoint representatives to such joint missions or boards dealing with matters within the scope of the Executive order as may be established with the governments of the United Nations.

    The War Shipping Administration maintains offices in the principal ports of the United States and has designated representatives in other ports of the world to expedite the transportation of cargoes and the movement of vessels.

    Approved.

    Emory S. Land
    Administrator

     HyperWar Bibliography 

    --119--

    Board of War Communications

    Room 61-07, Post Office Department Building
    EXecutive 3620, Branches 9 and 32

    Members
    Chairman Paul A. Porter (Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission)
    Rear Admiral Joseph R. Redman (Director of Naval Communications)
    Maj. Gen. Harry C. Ingles (Chief Signal Officer of the Army)
    William L. Clayton (Assistant Secretary of State in charge of Transportation and Communications)
    Secretary Herbert E. Gaston (Assistant Secretary of the Treasury in charge of Treasury Enforcement Activities)
    Assistant Secretary Capt. E.M. Webster (Chief of Communications, U.S. Coast Guard)


    Advisory Committees
    Coordinating Committee:  
         Chairman E.K. Jett (Commissioner, Federal Communications Commission)
         Harvey B. Otterman (State Department)
         Col. W.T. Guest (War Department)
         Capt. Franz O. Willenbucher (Navy Department)
         Capt. E.M. Webster (Chief of Communications, U.S. Coast Guard)
    Law Committee:
         Chairman Charles R. Denny, Jr. (General Counsel, Federal Communications Commission)
         Col. Conrad E. Snow (Chief, Legal Branch, Office of the Chief Signal Officer, War Department)
         Comdr. Ernest R. Feidler (U.S. Coast Guard Reserve)
         Capt. Franz O. Willenbucher (Navy Department)
         Raymund T. Yingling (State Department)
    Labor Advisory Committee:  
         Chairman Robert J. Watt (American Federation of Labor)
         Joseph P. Selly (Congress of Industrial Organizations)
         Joseph A. Beirne (President, National Federation of telephone Workers)
         Secretary (Vacancy)
    Industry Advisory Committee:
         Chairman Walter S. Gifford (President, American Telephone and Telegraph Co.)
         Vacancy (Globe Wireless, Ltd.)
         Col. Sosthenes Behn (President, International Telephone and Telegraph Corp.
         A. Warren Norton (President, Press Wireless, Inc.)
         David Sarnoff (President, Radio Corporation of America)
         R.V. Howley (President, Tropical Radio Telegraph Co.)
         R.A. Phillips (President, U.S. Independent Telephone Assn.)
         A.N. Williams (President, Western Union Telegraph Co.)
         Secretary Dr. C.B. Jolliffe (Radio Corporation of America)
    International Broadcasting Coordinating Committee:  
         Chairman (Vacancy)
         Comdr. Adolph Chamberlain (United States Navy)
         James O. Weldon (Office of War Information)
         Vacancy (War Production Board)
         Maj. Gen. Frank Stoner (United States Army)
         Vacancy (Interstate Commerce Commission)
         Secretary (Vacancy)

    --120--

    Special Planning Committees
    I. Amateur Radio Committee:  
           Chairman George W. Bailey (American Radio Relay League)
           Secretary (Vacancy)
    II. Aviation Communications Committee:  
           Chairman R.O. Smith (Aeronautical Radio, Inc.)
           Secretary (Vacancy)
    III. Cable Committee:  
           Chairman C. Mills (Mexican Telegraph Co.)
           Secretary Benedict P. Cottone (Federal Communications Commission)
    IV. Domestic Broadcasting Committee:  
           Chairman (Vacancy)
           Secretary A.D. Ring (Consulting Engineer)
    V. Interdepartment Radio Advisory Committee:  
           Chairman Comdr. Paul D. Miles (U.S. Navy)
           Vice Chairman Capt. E.M. Webster (U.S. Coast GUard)
           Secretary M.H. Woodward (Federal Communications Commission)
           Assistant Secretary L.R. Brady (Federal Communications Commission)
    VI. International Broadcasting Committee:  
           Chairman Walter C. Evans (Westinghouse Electric and Mfg. Co.)
           Secretary (Vacancy)
    VII. Radiocommunications Committee:  
           Chairman Capt. E.M. Webster (U.S. Coast Guard)
           Secretary F.M. Ryan (American Telephone and Telegraph Co.)
    VIII. State and Municipal Facilities Committee:  
           Chairman Capt. Donald S. Leonard (International Association of CHiefs of Police)
           Secretary G.E. Nielsen (Federal Communications Commission)
    IX. Telegraph Committee:  
           Chairman E.R. Shute (Western Union Telegraph Co.)
           Secretary W.J. Norfleet (Federal Communications Commission)
    X. Telephone Committee:  
           Chairman (Vacancy)
           Secretary Clyde S. Bailey (U.S. Independent Telephone Assn.)
    XI. U.S. Government Facilities Committee:  
           Chairman Col. Alva Gael Simson (Signal Corps, War Department)
           Secretary (Vacancy)
    XII. Communications Liaison Committee for Civilian Defense:  
           Chairman William N. Krebs (Federal Communications Commission)
           Secretary Herbert A. Friede (International Association of Fire Chiefs)
    XIII. Priorities Liaison Committee:  
           Chairman Comdr. R.H. Griffin (Navy Department)
           Secretary (Vacancy)

    --121--

    Creation and Authority.--Executive Order 8546 of September 24, 1940, created the Defense Communications Board. The name of the Board was changed to the Board of War Communications by Executive Order 9183 of June 15, 1942.

    Purpose.--The purpose of the Board of War Communications is to coordinate the relationship of all branches of communication to the war effort.

    The Board is basically a planning agency without operating or procurement functions. This task of planning embraces common carriers such as commercial radiotelephone and radio telegraph, as well as other telephone, telegraph, and cable facilities and radio broadcasting.

    The Board has been given no power to censor radio or other communications.

    Reports containing the findings and recommendations of the Board are submitted to the President for final action. These reports were formerly submitted through the Liaison Officer for Emergency Management.

    The President, by Executive Orders 8964 of December 10, 1941, and 9089 of March 6, 1942, assigned to the Defense Communications Board the power and authority vested in the President under the provision of section 606 of the Communications Act of 1934 (48 Stat. 1004; 47 U.S.C. 606).

    Approved.

    Paul A. Porter
    Chairman


    National Housing Agency

    1600 Eye Street NW.
    EXecutive 4160; Information, Branch 656

    Office of the Administrator
    Administrator John B. Blandford, Jr.
    Assistant Administrator (Administration) Lyman S. Moore
    Assistant Administrator (Program) Coleman Woodbury
    Assistant Administrator (Operations) J. Bion Philipson
    General Counsel Leon H. Keyserling
    Director of Information Howard F. Vickery
    Special Assistant to the Administrator Jacob Crane
    Special Assistant to the Administrator N.S. Keith

    Federal Home Loan Bank Administration

    (101 Indiana Ave NW., EXecutive 4160; Information, Branch 2686)

    Federal Home Loan Bank Commissioner John H. Fahey
    Executive Assistant to the Commissioner Ormond E. Loomis
    Assistant to the Commissioner William F. Penniman
    Secretary J. Francis Moore
    General Counsel Harold Lee
    Director of Personnel George R. Hulverson

    --122--

    Federal Home Loan Bank System

    Governor James Twohy
    Assistant Governor David Ford
    Assistant Governor Harland G. Keller
    Assistant Governor A.C. Newell
    Associate General Counsel Kenneth G. Heisler

    Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation

    General Manager William H. Husband
    Assistant General Manager F.R. Anderson
    Assistant General Manager Nathan V. Morgan
    Associate General Counsel Robert B. Jacoby

    Home Owners' Loan Corporation

    (Home Office: 2 Park Avenue, New York 16, N.Y.
    Information Office: 101 Indiana Avenue NW., Washington 25, D.C.)

    General Manager Charles F. Cotter
    Deputy General Manager Edward E. Wendell
    Deputy General Manager J.S. Baughman
    Assistant to the General Manager Knute C. Borregard
    Associate General Counsel John B Murphy

    Federal Housing Administration

    (1001 Vermont Avenue NW.; EXecutive 4160; Information, Branch 609)

    Commissioner Abner H. Ferguson
    Deputy Commissioner Earle S. Draper
    General Counsel Burton C. Bovard
    Assistant Commissioner (Administration) R. Winton Elliott
    Assistant Commissioner (Title I) Ernest P. Jones, Jr.
    Assistant Commissioner (Underwriting) Curt C. Mack
    Assistant Commissioner (Rental Housing) Clyde L. Powell
    Assistant to the Commissioner Robert B. Smith
    Zone Commissioners:  
         Zone I John G. Rouse
         Zone II Kent R. Mullikin
         Zone III Frederick A. Van Patten
         Zone IV Franklin D. Richards
    Comptroller Lester H. Thompson
    Director, Division of Research and Statistics Mrs. Shirley K. Hart
    Personnel Director James E. hicks
    Budget Officer and Actuary Paul M. Stoner

    Federal Public Housing Authority

    (1201 Connecticut Avenue NW.; EXecutive 4160; Information, Branch 2251)

    Commissioner Philip M. Klutznick
    Assistant Commissioner for Project Management John Taylor Egan
    Assistant Commissioner for Development W.P. Seaver
    Assistant Commissioner for Disposition C. Russell Craven
    Comptroller H.L. Wooten
    General Counsel David L. Krooth
    Chief Economist Warren Jay Vinton
    Assistant to the Commissioner James R. Lee
    Personnel Director Charles G. Stern
    Administrative Planning Director Francis A. Staten

    --123--

    Creation.--The National Housing Agency represents a consolidation (effectuated under the First War Powers Act, 1941, on February 24, 1942, By Executive Order 9070) of the housing functions and activities of or relating to the following agencies: Federal Home Loan Bank Board, Federal Home Loan Bank System, Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation, Home Owners' Loan Corporation, United States Housing Corporation, the Federal Housing Administration, the United States Housing Authority, Defense Home Corporation, Division of Defense Housing Coordination, Central Housing Committee, Farm Security Administration with respect to non-farm housing, Public Buildings Administration, Division of Defense Housing, Mutual Ownership Defense Housing Division, Office of the Administrator of the Federal Works Agency, and the War and Navy Departments with respect to housing located off military or naval reservations, posts, or bases.

    Functions.--All the housing functions and activities which formerly were carried on by the above 17 different agencies and administrative units are now administered in the National Housing Agency, under the general direction and supervision of the National housing Administrator. The National Housing Agency is also the claimant and administering agency under the Controlled Materials Plan, not only for war housing, but also for such other housing construction, improvement, or betterment as it becomes practicable to provide during the period when materials continue to be allocated by the War Production Board.

    Organization.--The National Housing Agency consists of the Office of the Administrator and three main constituent units; Federal Home Loan Bank Administration, Federal Housing Administration, and Federal Public Housing Authority.

    Office of the Administrator

    The Office of the Administrator supervises and directs the activities of the three constituent units, and thus has the over-all responsibility for unifying and coordinating most of the housing functions and activities of the Federal Government. In addition, it performs various functions arising out of the war effort.

    In cooperation with the War Production Board, the War Manpower Commission, other Federal agencies, local communities, and war plants, the Office of the Administrator determines the need for housing for war workers in areas where a shortage of housing exists or impends, which threatens to impede the War Program, and devises ways and means of supplying such need. This function includes surveys of individual communities; the compilation of employment and housing data from all available sources; and finally, in light of all the various factors, a determination of (a) the proportion of the housing need for each community which can be met through a more complete utilization of existing housing facilities, (b) the proportion which can be supplied by private builders through new construction, and (c) the proportion of the remaining need which is absolutely essential to the war effort and which must therefore be supplied through publicly financed housing.

    --124--

    In order to increase the proportion of the housing need of each community which could be met by more effective use of existing housing facilities, and thus reduce the proportion required to be met by new housing construction requiring the expenditure of critical materials, manpower, and funds, the Office of the Administrator has assisted in the establishment of local War Housing Centers. War Housing Centers encourage home owners to make extra space available to war workers, and refer eligible war workers to such accommodations. These Centers are controlled and supported by local committees, with Federal financial assistance in the most critical areas. Such assistance is withdrawn as the emergency passes.

    The Office of the Administrator has the responsibility for representing the national housing Agency in its claimant agency activities before the War Production Board.

    The Office of the Administrator also has responsibility for executing congressional policy on, and programming the disposition of, publicly financed war housing of a permanent character and the removal of publicly financed war housing of a temporary character, under the jurisdiction of the National Housing Administrator.

    Regional Offices--Office of the Administrator
    Region Representative Address
    No. 1. Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont John M. Dobbs 24 School Street, Boston 8, Mass.
    No. 2. New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware Charles S. Ascher 2 Park Avenue, new York 16, N.Y.
    No. 3. Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, West Virginia, Missouri, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota William K. Divers 201 N. Wells Street, Chicago 6, Ill.
    No. 4. Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia Robert K. Creighton 114 Marietta Street, Atlanta 3, Ga.
    No. 5. Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Colorado, Kansas Joseph P. Tufts Room 1909, 1907 Elm Street, Dallas 1, Tex.
    No. 6. Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah Preston L. Wright 503 Market Street, San Francisco 5, Calif.
    No. 7. Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming, Alaska George W. Coplen 1018 Vance Building, Seattle 1, Wash.
    Washington Metropolitan Area. District of Columbia; Calvert, Charles, St. Mary's, Prince Georges, and Montgomery counties in Maryland; Arlington and Fairfax counties and the city of Alexandria in Virginia; Panama Canal Zone, Puerto Rico, Hawaii John W. Hyde Room 203, 1601 Eye Street NW., Washington 25, D.C.

    Federal Home Loan Bank Administration

    Creation.--The Federal Home Loan Bank Administration, as a constituent unit of the National housing Agency, performs functions formerly exercised by the Federal Home Loan Bank Board in supervision of the Federal Home Loan Bank System and Federal Savings and Loan Associations, and in administering the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation and the Home Owners' Loan Corporation. Functions relating to the United States Housing Corporation (now

    --125--

    in liquidation) are also administered in the Federal Home Loan Bank Administration, in accordance with Executive Order 9070 of February 24, 1942.

    The activities under control of the Federal Home Loan Bank Administration are provided for in the Federal Home Loan Bank Act, approved July 22, 1932 (47 Stat. 725; 12 U.S.C. 1421-49; 15 U.S.C. 602); the Home Owners' Loan Act of 1933, approved June 13, 1933 (48 Stat. 128; 12 U.S.C. 1461-68); and title IV of the National Housing Act, approved June 27, 1934 (48 Stat. 1246; 12 U.S.C. 1724-30), together with amendatory acts of Congress, approved April 27, 1934; May 28, 1935; February , 1938; August 10, 1939; August 11, 1939; March 28, 1941, and October 24, 1942.

    Organization.--The Federal Home Loan Bank Administration is headed by the Chairman of the Federal Home Loan Bank Board, who serves as the Federal Home Loan Bank Commissioner. The positions of the remaining four members of the Bank Board have been vacated for as long as title I of the Fist War power Act, 1941, remains in force.

    Funds.--Expenses of the Administration are paid by assessments against the regional Federal Home Loan Banks, charges against institutions examined by its Examining Division, and charges against the other agencies under its supervision.

    Federal Home Loan Bank System

    Creation.--The Federal Home Loan Bank System was created by authority of the Federal Home Loan Bank Act, approved July 22, 1932 (see citations under Federal Home Loan Bank Administration), to provide q credit reserve for thrift and home-financing institutions.

    Organization.--There are 12 regional Federal Home Loan Banks in the System, located in New York, Boston, Pittsburgh, Winston-Salem, Cincinnati, Indianapolis, Chicago, Des Moines, Little Rock, Topeka, Portland (Oreg.), and Los Angeles. The management of each Bank is vested in 12 directors, 4 appointed by the Administration and 8 elected by member institutions, The directors of each Bank elect a president, who must be approved by the Bank Administration, as chief executive officer.

    Capital and Funds.--The capital stock of the Federal Home Loan Banks is owned by institutions which have been accepted into memberships, each of which is required to purchase stock, and by the United States. The Government's $124.741.000 stock is held by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. The Banks may obtain other loanable funds through deposits accepted from member institutions and from other Federal Home Loan Banks, and through the issuance of bonds, debentures, or other obligations.

    Eligible Institutions.--The types of institutions eligible to become members of the Federal Home Loan Banks are building and loan, savings and loan, and homestead associations, savings and cooperative banks, and insurance companies. Every Federal savings and loan association is required to become a member of its regional Federal Home Loan Bank.

    On June 30, 1944, there were 3,714 members of the System, having estimated total assets of $6,840,241,000. Through June 30, 1944, the 12 Federal Home Loan Banks had advanced these member institutions

    --126--

    a total of $1,247,781,080, of which $1,119,503,534 had been repaid, leaving outstanding a balance of $129.277,546.

    Power to Borrow.--Any Bank may issue bonds, debentures, and other obligations when permitted by the Federal Home Loan Bank Administration. Consolidated debentures, which are the joint and several obligations of all the Banks, may be issued by the Administration when no assets of any Bank are pledged as security for any debt or are subject to any lien. Consolidated debentures amounting to $58,000,000 were outstanding on June 30, 1944.

    Loans to Veterans.--Members of the Federal Home Loan Bank System specialize in the making of loans on homes. They are therefore particularly well equipped to make and service loans to veterans under the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 (58 Stat. 291).

    Federal Savings and Loan Associations.--These were provided for by section 5 of the Home Owners' Loan Act of 1933 (48 Stat. 132) as amended. They are chartered and supervised by the Federal Home Loan Bank Administration, and my be either new institutions or converted from established State-chartered institutions. As of June 30, 1944, there were 1,465 Federal savings and loan associations, with combined assets of $2,881,276,000, located in the 48 States, the Territories of Alaska and Hawaii, and the District of Columbia.

    Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation

    Creation.--The Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation was created by title IV of the National Housing Act (see citations under Federal Home Loan Bank Administration), to insure the safety of savings in thrift and home-financing institutions.

    Function.--The Corporation guarantees the safety of repurchasable (withdrawable) investments and credited earnings up to $5,000 for each investor in an insured institution. All Federal savings and loan associations, and those State-chartered building and loan, savings and loan, and homestead associations, and cooperative banks which apply and are approved, are insured. On June 30, 1944, there were 2,461 insured institutions, with total assets of $4,584,000,000.

    Procedure Upon Default.--To prevent the default of an insured institution or restore it to normal operation, the Corporation may make loans to, purchase assets of, or contribute to, such an institution. In the event of default and liquidation of an insured institution, the Corporation will make available to the holders of insured accounts, at their option, either a new insured account of equal amount in an insured institution which is not in default, or 10 percent of the insured account in cash, 45 percent in negotiable noninterest-bearing debentures of the Corporation due within 1 year from the date of default, and 45 percent in similar debentures due within 3 years from the date of default.

    Funds.--The capital of the Corporation in the amount of $100,000,000, was obtained by the sale of its stock to the Home Owners' Loan Corporation. Its income consists of premiums paid by insured institutions, admission fees from newly insured associations, and interest earned on its investments. All income above expenses is placed in reserves, which totaled $51,631,,510 on June 30, 1944. Additional funds may be obtained by the issuance of notes, bonds, or debentures.

    --127--

    Home Owners' Loan Corporation

    Creation.--The Home Owners' Loan Corporation was established by the Home Owners' Loan Act of 1933 (see citations under Federal Home Loan Bank Administration). Its purpose was to grant long-term mortgage loans, at low interest rates, to distressed home owners who were unable to procure financing through normal channels, and to help stabilize real estate and mortgage values--then almost non-existent because of the depression. As provided by the act, the Corporation ceased its lending activities in 1936. Since then it has been engaged in liquidating its loans and other assets.

    Organization.--Collections of its loans and rental and sale of the Corporation's acquired properties are carried on through eight regional offices under the Corporation's home office in New York. These regional offices are located in New York, Atlanta, Chicago, Cincinnati, Omaha, Memphis, Dallas, and San Francisco.

    Lending Operations.--The Corporation granted loans totaling $3,093,451,321 to 1,017, 821 home owners, the great majority facing the loss of their homes through foreclosure. Since then, the Corporation has made additional advances and capitalizations which through June 30, 1944, aggregated $394,204,939.

    Practically all loans were originally made at an annual interest rate of 5 percent. The Corporation is now accepting interest at the rate of 4.5 percent. Loans were written for a term not to exceed 15 years. In order to assist delinquent borrowers to overcome their arrearages and retain their homes, Congress, in 1939, amended the act, providing that the Corporation may extend its loans, when advisable up to a maximum period of 25 years from the date of the granting of the loan.

    Liquidation of Assets.--Since 1936, the Corporation's chief task has been to aid its borrowers in meeting their payments and keeping their homes, and to liquidate its loans and properties. On June 30, 1944, it was collecting on 641,446 accounts--499,238 those of original borrowers and the rest purchaser of foreclosed properties. Three hundred and fifty-eight thousand, six hundred and eight borrowers and purchasers of HOLC houses had paid off their accounts in full. More than 100,000 borrowers were making monthly payments in amounts greater than called for by their contracts. Of the 197,680 properties which the Corporation had taken over, 192,221, or 97.2 percent, had been sold.

    Up to June 30, 1944, total loans and subsequent advances reached a cumulative total of $3,487,656,260. On the same date, $2,231,486,950, or 64 percent of this amount, had been liquidated.

    Other Investments.--Of $238.856,710 invested by HOLC in the securities of savings and loan associations, pursuant to the act of Congress, $46,529,250 was outstanding on June 30, 1944. The Corporation also owns the $100,000,000 stock of the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation.

    Financial Operations.--The capital stock of the Corporation, owned by the Untied States, amounts to $200,000,000. The HOLC lending program, however, was financed primarily through its bonds which it was authorized to issue in an amount up to $4,750,000,000, exclusive of those for refunding purposes. The Corporation now is retiring its bonds as rapidly as funds become available for that purpose.

    --128--

    Exclusive of bonds for refunding purposes, the Corporation had issued bonds in the cumulative amount of $3,489.453,550 up to June 30, 1944. Bonds outstanding totaled $1,334,904,000.

    United States Housing Corporation

    Creation.--The United States Housing Corporation was incorporated on July 10, 1918, pursuant to acts of Congress approved May 16, 1918 (40 Stat. 550), and June 4, 1918 (40 Stat. 5959). Its purpose was to provide housing for war workers in World War I. The Corporation is now in liquidation.

    Federal Housing Administration

    Creation.--The Federal Housing Administration is one of the main constituent units of the National Housing Agency. Its function is to insure private lending institutions against loss on loans secured by mortgages on one- to four-family dwellings or on large scale rental housing projects, and on loans for property repair or improvements.

    The Federal Housing Administration was created by the National Housing Act, approved June 27, 1934 (48 Stat. 1246; 12 U.S.C. 1702), as amended by acts of Congress approved May 28, 1935; August 23, 1935; April 3, 1936; April 17, 1936; March 28, 1941; June 28, 1941; September 2, 1941; May 26, 1942; March 23, 1943; October 14, 1943; October 15, 1943; and June 30, 1944.

    Functions.--The National Housing Act, as amended, authorizes the Federal Housing Commissioner to insure lending institutions against losses incurred on two general types of loans: those for the repair, alteration, or improvement or real property--which may or may not be secured by collateral security--and those secured by mortgages on structures designed primarily for residential use.

    For the duration of the war new construction is limited to war areas, and priority ratings as required by the War Production Board must b obtained whenever critical material are necessary for private or public housing construction or for repair or rehabilitation work. Federal Housing Administration field offices accept, process, and approve applications for priorities and authority to begin construction on privately financed war housing and on utility lines or systems necessary thereto. In addition, FHA field offices issue allotments and preference ratings in connection with approved privately financed war housing projects. They likewise make compliance inspections of such projects to determine conformity of the construction with WPB and NHA regulations regarding the use of critical materials. There is no correlation whatever between these activities on behalf of the war Production Board and the issuance of Federal Housing Administration commitments for mortgage insurance.

    Title I offers insurance to private lending institutions on loans up to $5,000 to alter, convert, improve, or repair an existing structure to provide additional living accommodations in areas where an acute housing shortage exists or impends to reason of war activities; on loans up to $2,500 to alter, repair, or improve other existing structures; and on loans up to $3,000 to build new structures.

    --129--

    The insurance coverage on these loans amounts to 10 percent of the aggregate advanced by the lender. The maximum liability which may be outstanding at any time, plus the total amount of claims paid under title I, less the amount collected from insurance premiums and other sources, is $165,000,000.

    Title II is designed to improve housing standards and conditions by utilizing "the best available means for achieving a sustained long-term residential construction program with a minimum expenditure of Federal funds and a maximum reliance upon private business enterprise." The means to this end are the Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund and the Housing Insurance Fund. The total insurance liability under title II may not exceed $4,000,000,000 at any one time, except that with the approval of the President the aggregate may be increased to an amount not to exceed $5,000,000,000. However, the total amount of the principal obligations of mortgages insured after June 3, 1939, and covering property the construction of which was completed more than 1 year prior to the date of application for insurance shall not exceed 35 percent of the total amount of mortgages with respect to which insurance may be granted after such date.

    The Mutual Mortgage Insurance system establishes a revolving fund for the insurance of mortgages on structures with accommodations for not more than four separate families. The mortgages, as provided for under section 203 of the act, are of three types:

    1. Those which do not exceed $5,400 may cover up to 90 percent of $6,000 of the appraised value of property improved by a single-family, owner-occupied dwelling approved for mortgage insurance prior to the beginning of construction.

    2. Those which do not exceed $8,600 may cover up to 90 percent of $6,000 of the appraised value plus 80 percent of such value in excess of $6,000 of property improved by a single-family, owner-occupied dwelling approved for mortgage insurance prior to the beginning of construction.

    3. Those which do not exceed $16,000 may cover up to 80 percent of the appraised value of a property improved by a structure which need not be newly constructed or owner-occupied, but which must be designed to house not more than four separate families.

    However, no mortgage to refinance an existing mortgage shall be insured under this section unless the mortgagor certifies to the Commissioner that he has applied to the holder of the existing mortgage for refinancing, and after reasonable opportunity the holder has failed or refused to make a loan on as favorable terms as those of the mortgage offered for insurance.

    The provisions of section 203 are also applicable to eligible mortgages covering farm properties, provided that not less than 15 percent of the principal is to be expended for materials and labor for construction or repairs.

    The Housing Insurance Fund is a revolving fund for the insurance of mortgages of two types: (1) those involving a principal obligation in an amount not to exceed $5,000,000 and not to exceed 80 percent of the value of the property when the proposed improvements are completed, and (2) those previously insured under section 210, which was repealed by an act approved June 3, 1939.

    Title VI was created by an amendment to the National Housing Act signed by the President on March 28, 1941, Its scope was expanded

    --130--

    by the amendments of May 26, 1942, so that in addition to providing for the insurance of mortgages on one- to four-family dwellings for sale or rent, with occupancy priority to war workers, it also provides for the insurance of mortgages not exceeding $5,000,000 on rental housing for war workers. The title VI insurance authorization is $1,700,000,000.

    In contrast to the provision of section 203 limiting 90-percent mortgages to owner-occupied new homes, section 603 of title VI authorizes the insurance of mortgages representing up to 90 percent of the Federal Housing Administration valuation of newly constructed dwellings of which the builder is the mortgagor. The mortgagor must, however, establish to the satisfaction of the Commissioner that occupancy priority will be given to persons engaged in war activities.

    Mortgages insured under section 603 are limited to a maximum of %5,400 on a single-family dwelling, $7,500 on a two-family dwelling, $95,000 on a three-family dwelling, and $12,000 on a four-family dwelling. The maximum term is 25 years and the maximum interest rate is 4.5 percent.

    Under section 608 of title VI the Commissioner is authorized to insure mortgages, including advances during construction, on large-scale projects in amounts not to exceed $5,000,000 and not to exceed 90 percent of the Commissioner's estimate of the reasonable replacement cost of the completed project, but not in excess of his estimate of the cost of the completed physical improvements exclusive of off-site public utilities and streets, and organization and legal expenses, and not to exceed $1,350 a room for such part of such project as may be attributable to dwelling use.

    The property must be designed for rent for residential use by war workers. The mortgagor must be approved by the Commissioner and may be regulated by him as to rents or sales, charges, capital structure, rate of return, and methods of operation.

    In authorizing insurance of mortgages under title VI, the Commissioner need not find that the project is economically sound, as under title II, but must find that the project with respect to which the mortgage is executed is an acceptable risk in view of the war emergency. The Commissioner is authorized to prescribe such procedures as he may deem necessary to secure occupancy priority to war workers.

    The Federal Housing Administration is now concentrating all its activities, as far as new construction is concerned, on title VI of the National Housing Act. In addition, the Administration is carrying on a program to encourage the attainment of three objectives: (1) the financing of existing property on a sound amortized basis, (2) the conversion of older properties for residential use, and (3) to meet sanitary and health requirements and to maintain property values, property repair within the restrictions of the War Production Board and of Federal Reserve Board Regulation W, which restricts the extension of consumer credit.

    The Federal Housing Administration now insures loans to veterans, and FHA field offices are accepting applications from private lending institutions for the insurance of principal loans supplemented by loans under section 505 of the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944.

    The Federal National Mortgage Association, organized by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation on February 10, 1938, under the

    --131--

    National Housing Act as amended February 3, 1938, provides a ready market for insured mortgages.

    Organization.--The work of the Federal Housing Administration is directed by the Commissioner. The general administrative staff includes a Deputy Commissioner, the General Counsel, four Assistant Commissioners, one Assistant to the Commissioner, the Comptroller, and four Zone Commissioners.

    The principal divisions of the Administration, the general nature of each of which is indicated by its name, are as follows: Legal, Underwriting, Title I, Mortgage Insurance, Administrative Services, Research and Statistics, and Controller.

    State and District Offices--Federal Housing Administration
    State Address
    Alabama Comer Building, Birmingham 3.
    Arizona Luhrs Tower, Phoenix.
    Arkansas Federal Building, Little Rock.
    California Rives-Strong Building, Los Angeles 15.
    315 Montgomery Street, San Francisco 4.
    Colorado Boston Building, Denver 2.
    Connecticut 125 Trumbull Street, Hartford 3.
    Delaware Industrial Trust Building, Wilmington.
    District of Columbia 1021 Fourteenth Street NW., Washington 25, D.C.
    Florida Greenleaf Building, Jacksonville 2.
    Coral Gables City Hall, Miami 34.
    Georgia 101 Marietta Street Building, Atlanta 3.
    Hawaii Federal Building, Honolulu.
    Idaho 805 Idaho Street, Boise.
    Illinois Merchandise Mart, Chicago 54.
    605 Illinois Building, Springfield.
    Indiana Guaranty Building, Indianapolis 9.
    Iowa Insurance Exchange Building, Des Moines 9.
    Kansas National Bank Building, Topeka.
    Kentucky American Life and Accident Insurance Building, Louisville 2.
    Louisiana Richards building, New Orleans 12.
    Maine Exchange Building, Bangor.
    Maryland Fidelity Building, Baltimore 1.
    Massachusetts 40 Broad Street Building, Boston 9.
    Michigan Penobscot Building, Detroit 26.
    Minnesota New Post Office, Minneapolis 1.
    Mississippi Lamar Life Building, Jackson 111.
    Missouri, Eastern 315 N. Seventh Street, St. Louis 1.
    Missouri, Western Land Bank Building, Kansas City 6.
    Montana Federal Building, Helena
    Nebraska Woodmen of the World Building, Omaha 2.
    Nevada Lunsford Building, Reno.
    New Hampshire 70 Market Street, Manchester.
    New Jersey Raymond-Commerce Building, Newark 2.
    New Mexico N. THird Street, Albuquerque.
    New York 2 Park Avenue, New York City 16.
    The City & County Savings Bank Building, Albany 7.
    Main Post Office Building, Buffalo 3.
    North Carolina Guilford Building, Greensboro.
    North Dakota 621 First Avenue North, Fargo.
    Ohio New Post Office Building, Cleveland 13.
    Old Post Office Building, Columbus 15.
    Oklahoma Cotton Exchange Building, Oklahoma City.
    Oregon Platt Building, Portland 5.
    Pennsylvania Public Ledger Building, Philadelphia 6.
    Puerto Rico P.O. Box 3592, San Juan.

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    State and District Offices--Federal Housing Administration--Continued
    State Address
    Rhode Island Old Colony Bank Building, Providence 3.
    South Carolina Federal Land Bank Building, Columbia 29.
    South Dakota New City Hall, Sioux Falls.
    Tennessee Federal Building, Memphis.
    Texas Cotton Exchange Building, Dallas 1.
    Electric Building, FOrth Worth 2.
    Rusk Building, Houston 2.
    Alamo National Bank Building, San Antonio 5.
    Utah 109 W. Second Street South, Salt Lake City 1.
    Vermont Parkhill Building, Burlington.
    Virginia 1005 E. Main Street, Richmond 19.
    Washington Dexter-Horton Building, Seattle 4.
    West Virginia Chamber of Commerce Building, Charleston.
    Wisconsin 312 E. Wisconsin Avenue at Broadway, Milwaukee 2.
    Wyoming Post Office Building, Cheyenne.

    Federal Public Housing Authority

    Creation.--The Federal Public Housing Authority, as one of the three main constituent units of the National Housing Agency, performs the functions, powers, and duties relating to public housing theretofore performed by the Federal Works Agency and its constituent units or agencies (United States Housing Authority, Public Buildings Administration, Division of Defense Housing, Mutual Ownership Defense Housing Division), the War Department and the Navy Department (except housing located on military or naval reservations, posts, or bases), and the Farm Security Administration (nonfarm housing). Under the order, also, the Defense Homes Corporation and its functions, powers, and duties are administered by the Federal Public Housing Commissioner.

    War Housing.--The Federal Public Housing Authority is authorized to provide hosing for persons engaged in war activities in localities in which the President finds that an acute shortage of housing exists or impends which would impede war activities, and that such housing would not be provided by private enterprise when needed. This includes housing for workers engaged in industries essential to the war effort, for certain military and naval personnel, and for certain employees of the Government whose duties are essential to the war effort.

    The Federal public Housing Authority is authorized to acquire land and to construct and operate projects to provide such war housing, including family housing, dormitories, and trailers. The Federal Public Housing Authority is authorized to utilize local public housing agencies in the construction and operation of such war housing projects.

    The Authority is also authorized to revise contracts for financial assistance which had been entered into with local public housing agencies in connection with low-rent housing and slum clearance projects located in areas where there is a shortage of housing for persons engaged in war activities, so that these projects can be used during the war to provide necessary public housing for war workers.

    Low-Rent Housing and Slum Clearance.--Pursuant to the United States Housing Act of 1937, as amended, contracts for financial assistance

    --133--

    (in the form of capital loans and annual subsidies during administration) to aid local public housing agencies in the development and administration of low-rent housing and slum clearance projects were entered into by the United States Housing Authority. The Federal Public Housing Authority is now administering these contracts under Executive Order 9070 of February 24, 1942. As already indicated, many projects originally intended for low-rent housing have been made available for persons engaged in war activities. Such United States Housing Act projects now used to house war workers will revert to low-rent housing purposes after the war.

    The Authority also administers nonfarm housing projects developed by the Farm Security Administration, including three "greenbelt" communities, and some 30 rural or suburban projects for families not deriving their principal income from operating or working on farms.

    Regional and Area Offices--Federal Public Housing Authority
    Region Directors Headquarters
    No. 1. Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island Sumner K. Wiley 24 School Street, Boston 8, Mass.
    No. 2. New York, Pennsylvania, new Jersey, Maryland, Delaware John A. Kervick 270 Broadway, New York 7, N.Y.
    No. 3. Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota, South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska, Missouri, and Kansas City, Eudora, Kans., and Kansas City Metropolitan Area. Orvil R. Olmsted 201 N. Wells Street, Chicago 6, Ill.
    No. 4. North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Virginia John P. Broome Georgia Savings Bank Building, Atlanta 3, Ga.
    No. 5. Louisiana, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Kansas (except Kansas City, Eudora, Kans. and Kansas City Metropolitan Area.) Marshall W. Amis 1411 Electric Building, Seventh and Taylor Streets, Ft. Worth 2, Tex.
    No. 6. California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Hawaii Langdon W. Post 760 Market Street, San Francisco 3, Calif.
    No. 7. Montana, Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming, Alaska Frank M. Crutsinger Skinner Building, Fifth Avenue and Union Street, Seattle 1, Wash.
    No. 8. Kentucky, West Virginia, Ohio and Michigan Hugo Schwartz, Acting 2073 E. Ninth Street, Cleveland 15, Ohio
    General Field Office. District of Columbia; in Virginia, Fairfax County, Arlington County, and the city of Alexandria; in Maryland, Montgomery County, Prince Georges County, and the war housing localities of Cedar Point, Indian Head, and Meadedale; Puerto Rico, the Virgin Island, Cuba, and the Canal Zone, and special projects not assigned to the regional offices. Oliver C. Winston Longfellow Building, Connecticut Avenue at M Street NW., Washington 25, D.C.

    Approved.

    John B. Blandford, Jr.
    Administrator, National Housing Agency

    --134--

    Office of Censorship

    Federal Trade Commission Building
    EXecutive 3800

    Officials
    Director of Censorship Byron Price
    Assistant Director (Press) Jack Lockhart
    Assistant Director (Broadcasting) John E. Fetzer
    Assistant Director (Cable) Capt. H.K. Fenn (U.S.N.)
    Assistant Director (Postal) Col. N.V. Carlson (G.S.C.)
    Assistant Director (Technical Operations) Col. H.R. Shaw (A.U.S.)
    Assistant to the Director (Liaison) Lt. T.F. Koop (U.S.N.R.)
    Chief, Administrative Division R.L. McKeever
    Legal Counsel Col. E.T. Brennan (A.U.S.)
    Censorship Policy Board
    Chairman (Postmaster General) Frank C. Walker
    Vice President of the United States Harry S. Truman
    Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr.
    Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson
    Attorney General Francis Biddle
    Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal
    Director, Office of War Information Elmer Davis


    Creation and Authority.--Executive Order 8985, of December 19, 1941, established the Office of Censorship with a Director of Censorship as head of the Office.

    Purpose.--"The Director of Censorship shall cause to be censored, in his absolute discretion, communications by mail, cable, radio, or other means of transmission passing between the Untied States and any foreign country or which may be carried by any vessel or other means of transportation touching at any port, place, or Territory of the United States and bound to or from any foreign country, in accordance with such rules and regulations as the President shall from time to time prescribe."

    The Censorship Policy Board, created by the order, advises the Director of Censorship with respect to policy and the coordination and integration of censorship.

    The Director of Censorship was authorized to establish a Censorship Operating Board consisting of representatives of such departments and agencies of the Government as he shall specify.

    The President instructed the Director of Censorship "to coordinate the efforts of the domestic press and radio in voluntarily withholding from publication" information which should not be released in the interest of effective prosecution of the war.

    Approved.

    Byron Price
    Director of Censorship

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    Office of Price Administration

    Federal Office Building 1, Second and D Streets SW.
    REpublic 7500

    Officials
    Administrator Chester Bowles
    Executive Assistant to the Administrator Robert R.R. Brooks
    Deputy Administrator James G. Rogers, Jr.
         Assistant to Administrator Leo F. Gentner
         Assistant to Administrator James C. Derieux
         Assistant to Administrator Ben C. Duniway
         Office of Administrative Services, Director Louis J. Kroeger
         Office of Board Management, Director John G. Neukem
         Office of Budget and Planning, Director H. Burke Fry
         Office of Personnel, Director Wallace S. Sayre
    General Counsel Richard H. Field
         Assistant General Counsel Frank S. Ketcham
         Court Review, Research and Opinion Division, Associate General Counsel Nathaniel L. Nathanson
         Counsel to Boards of Review Lehan K. Tunks
         OPA Secretary Ervin H. Pollack
    Economic Adviser Richard V. Gilbert
         Research Division, Director Roderick H. Riley
    Office of Congressional Information, Director Zenas L. Potter
    Agricultural Relations Adviser Tyrus R. Timm
    Labor Relations Adviser Warren E. Hall
    Office of Industry Advisory Committees, Director Ethel B. Gilbert
    Consumer Relations Adviser Esther Cole Franklin
    Credit Policy Adviser Francis A. Bonner
    Hearing Administrator Charles L. Ferguson
    Deputy Administrator for the Price Department James F. Brownlee
         Assistant to the Deputy Administrator John M. Bulkley
         Assistant to the Deputy Administrator G. Griffith Johnson
         Economic Adviser to Deputy Administrator R.B. Heflebower
         Economic Adviser to Deputy Administrator Donald H. Wallace
         Executive Officer for Price Charles A. Marquardt
         Field Operations Officer Edward C. Welsh
         Standards Officer Edward J. Hennessy, Acting
         War Goods Price Coordinator Allen Coe
         Consumer Goods Price Division, Director Jerome M. Ney
         Food Price Division, Director Geoffrey Baker
         Fuel Price Division, Director Sumner T. Pike
         Industrial manufacturing Price Division, Director John S. Clement
         Industrial Materials Price Division, Director John S. Clement
         Price Legal Division, Associate General Counsel Henry M. Hart, Jr.
         Services and Foreign Trade Price Division, Director Frederick Roselius
         Transportation and Public Utilities Division, Director R.A. Nixon
    Deputy Administrator for the Rationing Department Maxwell L. McCullough
         Assistant Deputy Administrator Emmette S. Redford
         Special Assistant on Field Coordination Charles W. Isaacs, Jr.
         Food Rationing Division, Director James E. Kelley
         Fuel and Automotive Rationing Division, Director Fred L. Parker
         Miscellaneous Products Rationing Division William H. Molster
         Special Assistant on Program Planning Patterson H. French
         Rationing Legal Division, Associate General Counsel Ellsworth E. Clark

    --136--

    Officials
    Deputy Administrator for the Rent Department Ivan D. Carson
         Assistant to the Deputy Administrator R.W. Coggeshall
         Program Division, Director Norton E. Long
         Operations Division, Director Tom Tippett
         Rent Legal Division, Associate General Counsel Eugene Swigart
    Deputy Administrator for the Information Department Alfred B. Stanford
         Group and Educational Services Division, Director Oliver A. Peterson
         Editorial Division, Director Herbert Little
         Field Division, Director John T. O'Brien
         Office of Program Planning Director Douglas J. Bennet
    Deputy Administrator for the Enforcement Department Thomas I. Emerson
         Executive Officer for Enforcement Byron S. Miller
         Chief Investigator Robert R. Ehrlich
         Apparel and Industrial Materials Enforcement Division, Director Joseph Forer
         Food Enforcement Division, Director Robert C. Finley
         Fuel and Consumer Goods Enforcement Division, Director William E. Remy
         Litigation Division, Director Fleming James, Jr.
         Rent and Service Enforcement Division, Director Brainerd Currie
    Deputy Administrator for the Accounting Department Paul M. Green
         Executive Officer H.V. Llewellyn
         Regional Accounting Coordinator L. Donald Mackay
         Industrial Accounting Division, Director Percy L. Hanson
         Consumer Products Accounting Division, Director Walker E. Campbell
         Audits and Services Accounting Division, Director Lindsley H. Noble


    Creation and Authority.--The Office of Price Administration and Civilian Supply was created by Executive Order 8734, issued by the President on April 11, 1941. In the agency were combined the Price and the Consumer Divisions of the National Defense Advisory Commission. The name of the agency was changed to the Office of Price Administration by Executive Order 8875, of August 28, 1941. By the same order the functions of the Civilian Allocation Division were transferred to the Office of Production Management, which later was absorbed by the War Production Board.

    The Emergency Price Control Act of 1942, approved by the President on January 30, 1942 (56 Stat. 23; 50 U.S.C. App. 901-946), created the Office of Price Administration as an independent agency under the direction f a Price Administrator. This act has since been amended by the act of October 2, 1942 (cited below), by section 5 of the act approved July 16, 1943 (57 Stat. 566; 50 U.S.C. App. 902), which limited the authority of the Price Administrator with respect to grade labeling and commodity standards in connection with price ceilings, and by the Stabilization Extension Act of 1944, approved June 30, 1944 (58 Stat. 632). Funds for the operation of the Office of Price Administration have been provided by the First Supplemental National Defense Appropriation Act, 1943 (56 Stat. 704, 711), by the National War Agencies Appropriation Act, 1944, approved

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    July 12, 1943, (57 Stat. 524), and by the Second Deficiency Appropriation Act, 1944, approved June 28, 1944 (58 Stat. 600).

    Purpose.--The purposes of the Office of Price Administration as enumerated in the act are: to stabilize prices and to prevent speculative, unwarranted, and abnormal increases in prices and rents; to eliminate and prevent profiteering, hoarding, manipulation, speculation, and other disruptive practices resulting from abnormal market conditions or scarcities caused by or contributing to the national emergency; to assure that defense appropriations are not dissipated by excessive prices; to protect persons with relatively fixed and limited incomes, consumers, wage earners, investors, and persons dependent on life insurance, annuities, and pensions from undue impairment of their standard of living; to prevent hardships to persons engaged in business, to schools, universities, and other institutions, and to the Federal, State, and local governments which would result from abnormal increases in prices; to assist in securing adequate production of commodities and facilities; to prevent a post-emergency collapse of values; to stabilize agricultural prices in the manner provided in section 3 of the Price Control Act; and to permit voluntary cooperation between the Government and producers, processors, and others to accomplish the aforesaid purposes.

    The Stabilization Act of October 2, 1942 (56 Stat. 765; 50 U.S.C. App. 961-971), amended the Emergency Price Control Act of 1942 extending its period of effectiveness to June 30, 1944. While preserving the existing authority of the Office of Price Administration, this act authorized and directed the President to stabilize prices, wages, and salaries affecting the cost of living on the basis of the levels which existed on September 15, 1942. On October 3, 1942, the President, by Executive Order 9250, delegated his powers under this act to the Director of Economic Stabilization, who was instructed to formulate a comprehensive national economic policy, and to effectuate this policy by directives to the Federal agencies concerned, including the Office of Price Administration. On April 8, 1943, the President issued Executive Order 9328 (the "hold-the-line" order) for the purpose of safeguarding the stabilization of prices, wages, and salaries affecting the cost of living on the basis of the levels existing on September 15, 1942. With respect o prices, this order directed the Price Administrator and the Food Administrator to take immediate steps to place ceiling prices on all commodities affecting the cost of living, and to authorize no further increases in ceiling prices except to the minimum extent required by law.

    By the passage of the Stabilization Extension Act of 1944, the periods of effectiveness of the Emergency Price Control Act of 9142 and the Stabilization Act of October 2, 1942, were extended to June 30, 1945. The Stabilization Extension Act of 1944 preserved the existing authority of the Office of Price Administration, subject to various changes with respect principally to enforcement and the treatment of protests.

    Broad powers to ration commodities among consumers have been delegated to the Office of Price Administration. On January 24, 1942, the Chairman of the War Production Board issued Directive 1 delegating to the Office of Price Administration full authority with respect to rationing control over (1) the sale, transfer, or other disposition

    --138--

    of products by any person who sells at retail to any person, and (2) the sale, transfer, or other disposition of products by any person to an ultimate consumer. The term "ultimate consumer" as used in the directive means an person acquiring products for the satisfaction of personal needs as distinguished from one acquiring products for industrial or other business purposes. Prior to the rationing of particular commodities, supplementary directives dealing with these commodities have been issued by the Chairman of the War Production Board. Similar delegations of authority to the Office of Price Administration to ration foods have been made by the Secretary of Agriculture and the War Food Administrator, pursuant to Executive Orders 9280 of December 5, 1942, and 9322 of March 26, 1943.

    By Executive Order 9125 of April 7, 1942, the President delegated to the Price Administrator certain enforcement authority with respect to rationing, including the authority to institute civil suits in his own name or to intervene in impending civil actions. This order was issued under title III of the Second War Powers Act, approved March 27, 1942 (56 Stat. 177; 50 U.S.C. App. 633), which is the statutory foundation of the rationing authority.

    Executive Staff.--The Executive Staff of the Administrator and Deputy Administrator comprises the advisory offices, the executive offices, and the management offices. The management, offices, now directly attached to the Executive Staff, include the Offices of Administrative Services, Budget and Planning, and Personnel, formerly a part of a separate Administrative management Department, and the Office of Board Management, responsible for the direction of local board operations.

    Price Control.--The provisions of the Emergency Price Control Act of 1942, the Stabilization Act of 1942, and the Stabilization Extension Act of 1944, are being administered by the Price Department under the supervision of the Deputy Administrator in charge of price.

    This Department, which is subdivided into commodity divisions, develops all essential data on prices, prepares maximum price regulations and amendments thereto, interprets and explains the regulations, determines the policies for making adjustments under maximum price regulations, passes upon petitions for amendment, adjustment, or exception, and upon protests filed under the provisions of the statute, and administers the other phases of the price control program.

    Rationing.--The rationing programs of the agency are planned, prepared, and administered by the Rationing Department under the supervision of the Deputy Administrator for rationing,. After amounts of rationed commodities available for civilian consumption are determined by the War Production Board, Petroleum Administrator for War, or the War Food Administration, the Rationing Department decides how these amounts shall be distributed among different users, purposes, and geographical areas. In the field, these rationing programs are administered pursuant to policies and procedures established by the Department.

    Rent.--Under the Deputy Administrator in charge of rent, the Rent Department determines the necessity for declaring an area to be a defense-rental area and for putting rent regulations into effect in such areas, prepares rent regulations and determines appropriate rent

    --139--

    levels within areas, and plans and supervises the administration of rent regulations in the defense-rental areas.

    Legal.--The General Counsel advises the Administrator on the legal requirements of statutes and orders affecting the operations of the agency, defends the validity of price and rent regulations in the Emergency Court of Appeals, and provides standards for the performance of legal work by attorneys. The Enforcement Department, in charge of the Deputy Administrator for Enforcement, plans and supervises the enforcement of OPA regulations by the enforcement staff of the field offices.

    Accounting Department.--Under the direction of the Deputy Administrator in charge of accounting, this Department collects and analyzes all accounting data requested by the price, rent, rationing, and enforcement departments as a basis for OPA actions. In order to insure objective treatment of business records this Department has full responsibility for establishing and maintaining accounting standards, determining accounting policies, the application of accounting methods, and the direction of the accounting program.

    Information.--The Information Department, under the direction of a Deputy Administrator, performs the general functions of informing the public on the policies, regulations, and procedures of the Office of Price Administration. It provides, in cooperation with the Office of War Information, press releases, radio scripts, pamphlets, and other informational materials on rationing, rent, and price regulations, and requirements and methods of complying with them.

    Office of the Secretary.--The Office of the Secretary is responsible for the issuance of all regulations, orders, amendments, formal protests, and other official documents. Records and files of all documents are maintained and are available for inspection by the public during office hours. Compilations of amended documents are prepared and distributed to the public without cost. The Secretary is authorized to authenticate, certify, or attest copies of written material in the custody of the Office of Price Administration and to accept service of process on behalf of the Price Administration.

    Field Administration.--The field work of the Office of Price Administration is carried on through 9 regional offices, each under the direction of a regional administrator. Each regional office supervises the administration of price, rationing, and rent regulations in its region, the legal activities essential to enforcement of the regulations, and provides the needed professional and management services. The 8 regional offices operating in the United States supervise the operations of over 90 district offices, 259 area rent control offices, and over 5,500 war price and rationing boards.

    War Price and Rationing Boards.--War price and rationing boards assist in the administration of, and play an important part in securing compliance with, regulations affecting retail prices. Much of the work of the boards is in the determination of the eligibility of applications for rationed commodities. The boards also serve local communities by providing easily accessible centers of information on OPA programs, by engaging in various activities to inform consumers and retailers on how these program operate, and by reporting the problems of local communities to district and regional offices.

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    Inquiries.--Inquiries on consumer rationing and retail price matters should be directed to the nearest war price and rationing board; on rent control and other matters relating to the Office of Price Administration, to the nearest district office, a list of which appears below. Addresses of war price and rationing boards may be obtained from the appropriate district offices.

    Regional and District Offices--Office of Price Administration
    [RA: Regional Administrator; DD: District]
    City Officer Address
    Alabama:    
         Birmingham 1 Sam J. Watkins, DD 222 Pheonix Building
         Montgomery 4 Albert H. Collins, DD Old Post Office Building
    Alaska:    
         Juneau Mrs. Mildred R. Kermann, Territorial Director Juneau
    Arizona:    
         Phoenix Harry W. Hill, DD 17 W. Van Buren Street
    Arkansas:    
         Little Rock 3 Robert P. Hall, DD Commercial National Bank Building, Second and Main Streets
    California:    
         San Francisco 3 (Region 8: Nevada, California, Oregon, Washington, Arizona) Charles Baird, RA
    Robert B. Parks, DD
    1355 Market Street
         Los Angeles 15 Frank S. Balthis, DD Western Pacific Building, 1031 South Broadway
         Sacramento 14 Gilbert McNeil, DD 1330 J Street
         San Diego 12 Stewart Wicklin, DD 540 San Diego Trust and Savings Building, 530 Broadway
         Fresno 1 Jack H. Farrior, DD 430 Patterson Building
    Colorado:    
         Denver 2 (Region 7: Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Colorado, Montana, New Mexico) RIchard Batterton, RA
    George M. Bull, DD
    506 Kittredge Building
    620 Kittredge Building
    Connecticut:    
         Hartford 4 James J. Carney, Acting DD 55 Allyn Street
    Delaware:    
         Wilmington 50 Charles W. Hardesty, DD 105 Pennsylvania Railroad Building
    District of Columbia:    
         Washington, D.C. (Region 9: Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands) James P. Davis, RA 201A Temporary Building D, Sixth Street and Independence Avenue SW., Washington 25
    Florida:    
         Jacksonville 2 Vacancy, DD 9th Floor, Barnett National Bank Building
    Georgia:    
         Atlanta 3 (Region 4: Georgia, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia) Alexander Harris, RA
    Elie McCord, DD
    Candler Building, Peachtree Street
    44 Pryor Street NE
         Savannah Rudolph E. Thorpe, DD Blun Building, 35 Bull Street
    Hawaii:    
         Honolulu 2 Gerald Barrett, Territorial Director Iolani Palace
    Idaho:    
         Boise C.C. Anderson, DD 405 Capital Securities Building

    --141--

    Regional and District Offices--Office of Price Administration--Continued
    [RA: Regional Administrator; DD: District]
    City Officer Address
    Illinois:    
         Chicago 6 (Region 6: Iowa, Wisconsin, Illinois, North Dakota, Nebraska, South Dakota, Minnesota) Rae E. Walters, RA
    Marion W. Isbell, Director, Chicago Metropolitan Area
    226 W. Jackson Boulevard
    222 W. Adams Street
         Moline Robert M. Harper, DD 1630 Fifth Avenue
         Peoria 2 James A. Carruthers, DD Alliance Life Insurance Building
         Springfield Carter Jenkins, DD 301 W. Adams Street
    Indiana:    
         Indianapolis 7 J.D. Strickland, DD 429 N. Pennsylvania Street
    Iowa:    
         Des Moines 8 Walter D. Kline, DD 700 Liberty Building
         Sioux City 16 Maurice E. Rawlings, DD 209 Frances Building, Fifth and pierce Streets
    Kansas:    
         Wichita 2 H.O. Davis, DD York-Rite Building, 201 E. Williams Street
    Kentucky:    
         Lexington E. Reed Wilson, DD 152 E. Short Street
         Louisville 2 George H. Goodman, DD 700 Kenyon Building
    Louisiana:    
         New Orleans 12 Gilbert J. Fortier, DD 708 Canal Building
         Shreveport Emmett Speriky, DD 720 Ardis Building, 425 Milan Street
    Maine:    
         Augusta Prescott H. Vose, DD 151 Water Street
    Maryland:    
         Baltimore 2 Leo H. McCormick, DD 2700 O'Sullivan Building
    Massachusetts:    
         Boston 8 (Region 1: Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island) Eldon D. Shoup, RA 55 Tremont Street
    Michigan:    
         Detroit 26 William E. Fitzgerald, DD 600 Griswold Avenue
         Escanaba Lawrence L. Farrell, DD First National Bank Building
         Grand Rapids Jacob Zweedyk, DD 506 Keeler Furniture Building, Fountain Street
         Saginaw John F. Kessel, DD 135 No. Water Street
    Minnesota:    
         Duluth 2 Patrick A. Burke, DD 120 N. Fourth Avenue
         St. Paul 1 Harold J. Slawik, DD W-1200 First National Bank Building
    Mississippi:    
         Jackson 1 W.E. Holcomb, DD Tower Building
    Missouri:    
         Kansas City 6 James G. Callaway, DD Mutual interstate Building
         St. Louis 1 W.H. Bryan, DD 640 Paul Brown Building
    Montana:    
         Helena A.T. Peterson, DD Placer Hotel, Main and Grand Streets
    Nebraska:    
         North Platte Charles Smrha, DD 109 E. Sixth Street
         Omaha 2 John G. Aldrich, DD Kresge Building, Sixteenth and Harney Streets
    Nevada:    
         Reno James H. Bradshaw, DD 285 S. Virginia Street
    New Hampshire:    
         Concord John D. Jameson, ACting DD 9 Capital Street
    New Jersey:    
         Camden T. Harold Dempsey, DD Broadway-Stevens Building, 300 Broadway
         Newark 2 Richard J. Tarrant, DD 20 Washington Place
         Trenton 8 Ralph W. Hackett, DD Broad Street National Bank Building, 143 E. State Street

    --142--

    Regional and District Offices--Office of Price Administration--Continued
    [RA: Regional Administrator; DD: District]
    City Officer Address
    New Mexico:    
         Albuquerque John D. Bingaman, DD 320 W. Central Avenue, P..O. Box 1694
    New York:    
         New York City 1 (Region 2: New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, District of Columbia) Daniel P. Woolley, RA Empire State Building
         Albany 7 Lester W. Herzog, DD 112 State Street
         Binghamton Howard T. Ware, DD 64 Henry Street
         Buffalo 2 Thomas J. Reese, DD 190 Delaware Avenue
         Syracuse 2 Stephen P. Toadvine, DD 224 Harrison Street
    North Carolina:    
         Charlotte 2 L.W. Driscoll, DD Law Building, 730 E. Trade Street
         Raleigh Theodore S. Johnson, DD 227 E. Edenton Street
    North Dakota:    
         Fargo Harold Bangert, DD 510 Fourth Avenue North
    Ohio:    
         Cleveland 14 (Region 3: Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, West Virginia) Birkett L. Williams, RA
    Clinton M. Fiske, DD
    Union Commerce Building
         Cincinnati 2 John E. Robinson, jr., DD 605 Union Trust Building
         Columbus 15 John H. Summers, DD 68 E. Gay Street
         Toledo Harold Bogart, DD News Bee Building
    Oklahoma:    
         Oklahoma City 2 John Varnell, DD 516 Key Building
         Tulsa 3 Ben O. Kirkpatrick, DD 504 Mayo Building
    Oregon:    
         Portland 4 McDannell Brown, DD Bedell Building, 520 SW. Sixth Avenue
    Pennsylvania:    
         Altoona Paul T. Winter, DD Rothert Building, Twelfth Avenue and Twelfth Street
         Erie Alvin J. Williams, Acting DD 516 Commerce Building
         Harrisburg Walter Young, Acting DD Blackstone Building, 112 Market Street
         Philadelphia 3 Frank J. Loftus, Acting DD 813 New Broad Street Station Building
         Pittsburgh 22 Alvin J. Williams, DD 205 Fulton Building
    Scranton 3 John A. Hart, DD Lincoln Trust Building
         Williamsport 3 Joseph Ray, DD 330 Government Place
    Puerto Rico:    
         San Juan Sam P. Gilstrap, Territorial Director Stop 9, Ponce De Leon Avenue
    Rhode Island:    
         Providence Frank Martin, DD 938 Hospital Trust Building
    South Carolina:    
         Columbia 7 Edward H. Talbert, DD Liberty Life Building
    South Dakota:    
         Sioux Falls Edmund Wintersteen, DD Wilson Terminal Building
    Tennessee:    
         Memphis 1 W.C. Manley, Jr., DD 2113 Sterick Building
         Nashville 3 Carson Vaughan, DD 715 Stahlman Building
    Texas:    
         Dallas 2 (Region 5: Texas, Kansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Louisiana, Arkansas) William A. Orth, RA
    Gus W. Thomasson, DD
    Fidelity Building, 1000 Main Street
    5th Floor, Rio Grande Building, 1100 Main Street
         Forth Worth 2 John H. Kultgen, DD Forth Worth Club Building
         Houston 2 Stephen J. Tully, Jr., DD 820 Electric Building, 1016 Walker Street
         Lubbock 3 Howard R. Gholson, DD Lubbock National Bank Building, 916 Main Street

    --143--

    Regional and District Offices--Office of Price Administration--Continued
    [RA: Regional Administrator; DD: District]
    City Officer Address
    Texas--continued:    
         San Antonio 6 C.T. Giesen, DD 310 S. Marys Street
    Utah:    
         Salt Lake City 1 H. Grant Ivins, DD Atlas Building
    Vermont:    
         Montpelier James J. Carney, DD 109 State Street
    Virgin Islands:    
         St. Thomas Jacob A. Robles, Territorial Director Charlotte Amalie
    Virginia:    
         Richmond 9 J. Fulmer Bright, DD Seventh and Franklin Streets
         Roanoke 8 Bernard C. Goodwin, DD H.C. Baker Building
    Washington:    
         Seattle 1 Arthur J. Krauss, DD 3312 White-Henry-Stuart Building
         Spokane 8 Dave S. Cohn, DD S. Ninth and Washington Streets
    West Virginia:    
         Charleston 5 Samuel Grover Smith, DD 317 Peoples Building
    Wisconsin:    
         Green Bay John C. Reinhart, DD 115 S. Jefferson Street
         LaCrosse P.H. Griffin, DD Fifth Avenue and Jay Street
         Milwaukee Harold Smith, Acting DD Plankinton Building
    Wyoming:    
         Cheyenne Henry Watenpaugh, DD State OPA Building

    Approved.

    Chester Bowles
    Administrator

    Additional Reading


    Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion

    Director's Office: The White House, East Wing; NAtional 1414, Branch 183
    Offices of Deputy Directors: Lafayette Building; REpublic 7500

    Officials
    Director's Office  
         Director James F. Byrnes
         General Counsel Benjamin V. Cohen
         Executive Administrative Officer Cassie Connor
         Special Assistant Walter Brown
         Special Assistant Donald Russell
    Deputy Directors:  
         Deputy for War Programs Maj. Gen. L.D. Clay
         Deputy for Agriculture J.B. Hutson
         Director of Production Liaison and Coordination Fred Searls, Jr.
         Director of Manpower Liaison and Coordination William Haber
         Coordinator of Plans J. ANthony Panuch

    --144--

    Advisory Board
    Chairman O. Max Gardner
    T.C. Cashen George H. Mead
    William H. Davis Philip Murray
    Nathaniel Dyke, Jr. Edward A. O'Neal
    Albert F. Goss James G. Patton
    William L. Green Mrs. Anna M. Rosenberg
    Eric A. Johnston  


    Creation and Authority.--The Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion was established pursuant to an act of Congress approved October 3, 1944 (Public Law 458, 78th Cong., 2d sess.).

    The legislation created an Advisory Board to consist of 12 members appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The function of this Board is to advise with the Director with respect to war mobilization and reconversion and to make appropriate recommendations pertinent thereto.

    The act places the following agencies in the Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion and requires them to exercise their functions under the supervision of its Director:

    1. Office of Contract Settlement, created by the Contract Settlement Act of 1944.

    2. Surplus War Property Administration and its successor, the Surplus Property Board, created by the Surplus Property Act of 1944.

    3. The Retraining and Reemployment Administration created by Executive Order 9427, and the Retraining and Reemployment Administration created by title III of the Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion Act.

    With the enactment of the War Mobilization and Reconversion Act, the President by Executive Order 9488 of October 3, 1944, transferred to the newly created Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion all functions previously assigned to the Office of War Mobilization, established by Executive Order 9347 of May 27, 1943.

    Purpose.--Under Executive Order 9347 as amended and extended by the statue, the Director is responsible, subject to the direction and control of the President, for:

    1. The development of unified programs and the establishment of policies for the maximum use of the Nation's natural and industrial resources, to include the effective use of national manpower not in the armed forces for the maintenance and stabilization of the civilian economy and for its adjustment to war needs and conditions.

    2. The unification of the activities of Federal agencies and departments engaged in or concerned with the production, procurement, distribution, or transportation of supplies and materials to include the resolution and determination of any controversies which may develop between such agencies.

    3. The issuance of such directives to the responsible Federal agencies and departments as appear necessary and appropriate for the execution of those programs deemed essential to the conduct of the war.

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    Activities.--The Director of War Mobilization and Reconversion may perform the functions of his office by delegation through such officials and agencies as he may determine.

    Under the provisions of the act establishing the Office, the Director is authorized to:

    In addition to these authorities, the Director is charged specifically with the responsibility for approving the continuation of any prime contracts for war production no longer required for the prosecution of the war in the event he finds that the continuation of work under the contracts is beneficial to the Government; maintaining a continuing scrutiny of all current and anticipated war programs; and establishing policies to be followed by contracting agencies in selecting individual contracts for curtailment, non-renewal, or termination, and for full and prompt consultation between the Government contracting agencies, war contractors, and representatives of employees of war contractors in order to obtain the most effective use of production facilities for war production or for the maintenance of the domestic economy.

    The Director is therefore charged with the supervision of the activities of all Government agencies having responsibilities directly concerned with or affecting the procurement, production, distribution, and transportation of supplies and materials. it is his responsibility to direct the economic forces of the Nation into a coordinated war program while maintaining an adequate civil economy, and to coordinate

    --146--

    the planning of the responsible Government agencies to insure that war production will be discontinued promptly to the extent made practicable by successful military operations, so that reconversion to a peace economy may be undertaken in an orderly manner with a minimum of delay and uncertainty.

    Office of Contract Settlement

    Federal Reserve Building, Twentieth Street and Constitution Avenue NW.
    EXecutive 3300, Branch 450

    Officials
    Director of Contract Settlement Robert H. Hinckley
    Deputy Director of Contract Settlement Roger L. Putnam
    General Counsel Edward H. Foley, Jr.
    Contract Settlement Advisory Board
    Director of Contract Settlement Robert H. Hinckley, Chairman
    Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson
    Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal
    Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr.
    Chairman, United States Maritime Commission Vice Admiral Emory S. Land (U.S.N. retired)
    Administrator, Foreign Economic Administration Leo T. Crowley
    Chairman, Board of Directors, Reconstruction Finance Corporation Charles B. Henderson
    Chairman, War Production Board J.A. Krug
    Chairman, Board of Directors, Smaller War Plants Corporation Maury Maverick
    Attorney General Francis Biddle


    Creation and Authority.--The Office of Contract Settlement was established by the Contract Settlement Act of 1944 (Public Law 395, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), approved July 1, 1944, to provide for the settlement of claims arising from terminated war contracts. To advise the Director of Contract Settlement, the Contract Settlement Advisory Board was established by the act, with the Director designated as Chairman. The act also provided for the creation of an Appeal Board, to be appointed by the Director, to hear appeals arising in connection with termination claims.

    By act of Congress approved October 3, 1944 (Public Law 458, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), the Office of Contract Settlement was placed within the Office of War Mobilization and reconversion, its functions to be subject to the general supervision of the Director of War Mobilization and Reconversion.

    Purpose.--The Contract Settlement Act regulates the settlement of terminated contracts with the Government. In order to insure uniform and efficient administration of the act, the Director is required, by general orders or regulations, to prescribe policies, principles, and procedures to govern the exercise of the authority which the act confers on the contracting agencies. The Director is also empowered to require

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    or restrict the exercise of any authority or discretion conferred by the act on any contracting agency.

    Among the subjects dealt with by the act are the principles governing the determination of fair compensation for the termination of contracts, the prompt clearance from contractors' plants of property connected with terminated contracts, and the financing of contractors during the period between the termination of their contracts and their final settlement.

    Surplus Property Board

    Rooms 2040, 2044, and 2046, Municipal Center
    REpublic 75,00, Branch 6212

    Members
    Chairman Guy M. Gillette
    Robert A. Hurley Edward H. Heller


    Creation and Authority.--The Surplus Property Board was established within th Office of War Mobilization,and in its successor, by the Surplus Property Act of 1944, approved October 3, 1944 (Public Law 457, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), to supervise and direct the care, handling, and distribution of Government surplus property. The act provided that the Board consist of three members to be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The War Mobilization and Reconversion Act provided that when a majority of the members of this Board have taken office, the Surplus War Property Administration, established within the Office of War Mobilization by Executive Order 9425 of February 19, 1944, to supervise and direct the handling and disposition of surplus war property, shall cease to exist.

    Activities.--The Surplus Property Act of 1944 provided that the activities of the Board shall be coordinated with the programs of the armed forces of the United States in the interests of the war effort. The Board has general supervision and direction over (1) the care and handling and disposition of surplus property, and (20 the transfer of surplus property between Government agencies.

    Retraining and Reemployment Administration

    7019 Federal Works Building
    REpublic 7500, Branch 4127

    Officials
    Administrator Brig. Gen. Frank T. Hines
    Assistant Administrator Col. Paul H. Griffith
    Executive Assistant to the Administrator Chesley W. Bailey
    General Counsel George H. Lynch

    --148--

    Creation and Authority.--Executive Order 9427 of February 24, 1944, established within the Office of War Mobilization an Retraining and Reemployment Administration to supervise and direct the activities of all Government agencies relating to the retraining and reemployment of persons discharged or released from the armed services or other war work. The act of Congress approved October 3, 1944 (Public Law 458, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), established a new Retraining and Reemployment Administration within the Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion. The act provided that when the Retraining and Reemployment Administrator appointed under this act has taken office, the Retraining and Reemployment Administration created by Executive Order 9427 shall cease to exist.

    Activities.--The Administration has general supervision and direction of the activities of all executive agencies (except the Veterans Administration and the Administrator of Veterans Affairs) authorized by law relating to retraining, reemployment, vocational education, and vocational rehabilitation for the purpose of coordinating such activities and eliminating overlapping functions of such agencies. It confers with existing State and local agencies and officials in charge of existing programs relating to retraining, reemployment, vocational education, and vocational rehabilitation for the purpose of coordinating the activities of existing Federal agencies with the activities of such State and local agencies.

    Approved.

    James F. Byrnes
    Director


    Petroleum Administration for War

    Department of the Interior Building, Nineteenth and C. Streets NW.
    REpublic 1820, Branch 3429

    Officials
    Petroleum Administrator Harold L. Ickes
    Deputy Petroleum Administrator Ralph K. Davies
    Assistant Deputy Administrator Bruce K. Brown
    Assistant Deputy Administrator and Chief Counsel Robert E. Hardwicke
    Executive Officer William H. Newman
    Labor Counselor George E. Dewey
    Assistant to the Deputy Administrator Bernice Kirschling
    Executive Assistant to the Deputy Administrator H. Chandler Ide
    Special Assistant to the Deputy Administrator Dr. John W. Frey
    Director of Organizational Planning William H. Newman
    Director, Facility Security Division William K. McCoy
    Director Foreign Refining Division C.S. Snodgrass
    Director, Foreign Supply and Distribution Division Roy F. Hawkins
    Director, Foreign Production Division William B. Heroy
    Director, Distribution and Marketing Division Walter Hochuli
    Director, Materials Division Claude P. Parsons
    Director, Natural Gas and Natural Gasoline Division James E. Pew

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    Director, Production Division J.R. McWilliams
    Director, Program Division Stewart P. Coleman
    Director, Public Relations Spencer W. Robinson
    Director, Refining Division A.P. Frame
    Director, Research Division Edward B. Swanson
    Director, Supply and Transportation Division George A. Wilson
    Director, Administrative Division E.J. Skidmore
    Personnel Officer (Vacancy)


    Creation and Authority.--Executive Order 9276 of December 2, 1942, established the Petroleum Administration for War and designated the Secretary of the Interior as Administrator ex officio. The order abolished the Office of Petroleum Coordinator for War and transferred to the new Administration all its records, personnel, property, and funds.

    Purpose.--The purpose of the Administration is to coordinate and centralize the war policies and activities of the Government relating to petroleum, providing adequate supplies of petroleum for the successful prosecution of the war and for other essential purposes.

    The Administrator, responsible to the President, is authorized to perform the following functions an duties:

    1. Establish basic policies and formulate plans and programs to assure for the prosecution of the war, the conservation and most effective development and utilization of petroleum in the united States, its Territories and possessions.

    2. Issue orders and directives to the petroleum industry in order to assure adequate supplies of petroleum for military or other essential uses and to distribute among persons engaged in the petroleum industry critical materials allotted for the use of that industry.

    3. Service as the claimant agency under the Controlled Material Plan for the petroleum industry.

    4. Serve as liaison between the petroleum industry and the Federal Government.

    5. Obtain estimates and make recommendations concerning the amounts of petroleum and petroleum products required to meet military, industrial, and civilian requirements.

    6. Determine time, area, and quantity of petroleum available for rationing when petroleum is rationed for the purpose of maintaining adequate supplies.

    7. Make surveys and recommendations concerning petroleum prices.

    8. Direct shipment and receipt f petroleum and petroleum products and regulate control and operation of petroleum pipe lines.

    9. Conduct and promote developmental research in the production of petroleum components for synthetic rubber.

    10. Collaborate with Federal departments and agencies concerning the plans and policies with respect to foreign petroleum activities.

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    District Offices--Petroleum Administration for War
    District Officer Address
    No. 1. Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida Glenn D. Miller, Administrative Officer.
    C.L. Harding, District Director in Charge.
    District Directors:
       Facility Security--Frank A. Epps.
       Foreign--Norrris G. Wood, Special Representative
       Legal--W.D. Mangan, District Counsel
       Distribution and Marketing--John Harper
       Materials--Rawlston M. Dinges
       Natural Gas and Natural Gasoline--Vacancy
       Production--James R. Wylie, Jr.
       Refining--Carlton J. Everett, Acting
       Supply and Transportation--Paul J. Butler
    1104 Chanin Building, 122 E. Forty-Second Street, New York 17, N.Y.
      Sub-District Office 700 Benedum-Trees Building, 221 Fourth Avenue, Pittsburgh 22, Pa.
    No. 2. Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, missouri, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota Alfred W. Gaede, Administrative Officer
    W.W. Vandever, District Director in Charge
    District Directors:
       Facility Security--Edward J. Bullock
       Legal--Fanner C. Wonderly, District Counsel
       Distribution and Marketing--H.W. Nankervis
       Materials--L.B. Holland
       Natural Gas and Natural Gasoline--Mark S. Patton
       Production--Charles C. Brown
       Refining--Charles H. Alberding
       Supply and Transportation--Paul J. Bond
    Twelfth Floor, Blum Building, 5624 S. Michigan Avenue, Chicago 5, Ill.
      Sub-District Office 410 Beacon Building, 406 S. Boulder Avenue, Tulsa 3, Okla.
      Sub-District Office 2101 Fidelity Building, 911 Walnut Street, Kansas City, Mo.
    No. 3. Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, Texas, New Mexico Mrs. Juanita L. Kilgarlin, Office Manager
    William M. Averill, District Director in Charge
    District Directors:
       Facility Security--Kraus Earhart
       Legal--Dudley E. Cornell, District Counsel
       Distribution and Marketing--Glen P. Thompson    Materials--James B. Thompson
       Natural Gas and Natural Gasoline--Henry M. Brown
       Production--E.A. Wahlstrom
       Refining--Gordon T. Granger
       Supply and Transportation--Harry Leyendecker
    245 Mellie Esperson Building, Houston 1, Tex.

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    District Offices--Petroleum Administration for War--Continued
    District Officer Address
    No. 4. Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Idaho Alice C. Serrahn, Administrative Assistant
    Michael J. Foley, District Director in Charge
    District Directors:
       Distribution and Marketing--Louis G. Wilkie
       Materials--John B. Schuyler
       Natural Gas and Natural Gasoline--Albert M. Ballard
       Production--Michael J. Foley
       Refining--Edward A. Markey
       Supply and Transportation--F.C. Fogarty
    320 First National Bank Building, Denver 2, Colo.
    No. 5. California, Arizona, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, Territories of Alaska and Hawaii Claire H. Dolan, Administrative Officer
    Herbert R. Gallagher, District Director in Charge
    District Directors:
       Facility Security--A Roy Heise
       Legal--R.S. McLaughlin, District Counsel
       Distribution and Marketing--Charles E. Heynes
       Materials--Charles T. Reichert
       Natural Gas and Natural Gasoline--Kenyon L. Reynolds
       Production--Eugene L. Davis
       Refining--Malcolm P. Youker
       Supply and Transportation--Lewis E. Fliming
    855 Subway Terminal Building, Los Angeles 13, Calif.
      Sub-District Office 426 Marshall Square Building, 1182 Market Street, San Francisco 2, Calif.

    Approved.

    Harold L. Ickes
    Petroleum Administrator


    President's War Relief Control Board

    Room 1044, Washington Building
    REpublic 3175

    Members
    Chairman Joseph E. Davies
         Charles P. Taft Charles Warren
    Staff
    Executive Director James Brunot
    Assistant Executive Director and Consultant Arthur C. Ringland
    General Counsel Melvin D. Hildreth
    Consultant Judson C. Dickerman
    Program Assistant Mrs. Kathaleen C. Arneson

    Creation and Authority.--The President's War Relief Control Board was established by Executive Order 9205 of July 25, 1942, to

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    succeed the President's Committee on War Relief Agencies, established by Presidential letter on March 13, 1941. The order transferred to the Board the administration of provisions of section 8 (b) of the joint resolution of Congress approved November 4, 1939 (54 Stat. 8; 22 U.S.C. 448), relating to the solicitation and collection of funds and contributions for relief purposes, heretofore vested in the Secretary of State.

    The Chairman of the Board is responsible to the President, All matters within the jurisdiction of the Board relating to the foreign policy of the United States are determined after conference with the Secretary of State. Purpose.--The Board is authorized to control, in the interest of the furtherance of the war purpose, all solicitations, sales of merchandise or services, collections, receipts, and distribution of funds and contributions for (1) charities for foreign and domestic relief, rehabilitation, reconstruction,a nd welfare arising from war-created needs in the United States or in foreign countries; (2) refugee relief; (3) relief of the civilian population of the United States affected by enemy action; or (4) relief and welfare of the armed forces of the United States or their dependents: "Provided, that the powers herein conferred shall apply only to activities concerned directly with war relief and welfare purposes and shall not extend to local charitable activities of a normal and usual character nor in any case to intrastate activities other than those immediately affecting the war effort."

    The Board is authorized to provide for the registration or licensing of persons or agencies engaged in such activities and for the renewal or cancellation of such registration or licenses; to regulate and coordinate the times and amounts of fund-raising appeals; and to eliminate or merge such agencies in the interests of efficiency and economy.

    The foregoing provisions do not apply to the American National Red Cross or to established religious bodies which are not independently carrying out any of the activities specified.

    Approved.

    Joseph E. Davies
    Chairman


    Selective Service System

    National Headquarters, Twenty-first and C Streets NW.
    REpublic 500

    Officials
    Director Maj. Gen. Lewis B. Hershey
    Deputy Director Col. Carlton S. Dargusch
    Assistant Director, Presidential Appeals and Advisory Col. John D. Langston
    Assistant Director, Camp Operations Col. Lewis F. Kosch
    Chief Liaison and Legislative Officer Col. Francis V. Keesling, Jr.
    Executive Assistant to the Director Col. Campbell C. Johnson
    General Counsel Col. George H. Hafer
    Post-War Activities Officer Col. John N. Andrews
    Budget Officer Col. Joseph B. Mitchell

    --153--

    Chief Information Officer Col. James T. Coatsworth
    Planning Officer Comdr. Patrick H. Winston, U.S.N.R.
    Adjutant General Lt. Col. Edmund H. Jones
    Editor Col. Edward A. Fitspatrick
    Presidential Appeals Officer Col. Richard P. Davidson
    Educational Consultant Lt. Col. Robert H. Owens
    Medical Consultant Col. Richard H. Eanes
    Special Assignments Officer Capt. D.S.H. Howard, U.S.N.R.
    Special Assignments Officer Lt. Col. Joseph H. Berry, Jr., U.S.M.C.
    Division Chiefs:  
         Appointments and Personnel Division Lt. Col. Charles A. Fuller
         Head Archivist, Archives Division Col. Victor J. O'Kelliher
         Communications and Records Division COl. William Hart
         Field Division Col. Gareth N. Brainerd
         Finance and Supply Division Col. Joseph B. Mitchell
         Headquarters Division Angus J. Gallagher
         Legal Division Col. George H. Hafer
         Manpower Division Col. George H. Baker
         Medical Division Dr. Leonard G. Rowntree
         Research and Statistics Division Kenneth H. McGill
         Veterans Personnel Division Lt. Col. Emmett G. Solomon
    Director, Marine Corps Liaison Col. Victor I. Morrison, U.S.M.C.
    Director, Navy Liaison Capt. B.S. Killmaster, U.S.N.
    War Department Liaison Officer Col. Jefferson J. Graves


    Creation and Authority.--Section 5 (b) of the National Defense Act of 1920 (41 Stat. 763, 10 U.S.C. 34) reads in part: "The duties of the War Department General Staff shall be to prepare plans for national defense and use of the military forces for that purpose, both separately and in conjunction with the naval forces, and for the mobilization of the manhood of the Nation and its material resources in an emergency. . . ."

    Under this authority, officers o the War and the Navy Departments joined in the creation of the Joint Army and Navy Selective Service Committee in 1926 and began preparation for mobilization of the Nation's manpower in crises. On September 16, 1940, the President signed the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940 (54 Stat. 885; 37 U.S.C. 13a, 14a; 41 U.S.C. 1 note; 50 App. U.S.C. 124, 301-18, 403), designed to put into effect the plan for Selective Service as adopted by Congress.

    The act originally called for the annual training of not more than 900,000 men at any time in the land and naval forces of the United States, the classification of millions of others on the basis of their availability and general qualifications for use in military and civilian endeavors in times of emergency, and the development of a sizable reserve composed of men trained in the various branches of the armed forces. Subsequent legislation, approved on August 1941, eliminated the 900,000-man restriction.

    Also, as the act provides that no man who has sincere scruples against bearing arms shall be required to serve in the combatant forces, Selective Service has worked with the other Federal agencies and interested organizations in devising a system whereby conscientious objectors may serve the Nation. Not only has provision been made for use

    --154--

    in noncombatant units, such as the Army Medical Corps, of those men who while opposed to bearing arms are willing to assist combatant units, but a program for the employment of those who object to any service whatever with the Military Establishment is also being carried out. Through the cooperation of religious organizations, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of the Interior, and the War Department, the latter group of objectors is being sent to camps where, under civilian director, they are engaged in soil conservation, forestry projects, and similar public work.

    The men who serve in work camps ae not eligible, however, for reinstatement in former jobs or placement in new positions as are the men who serve in the armed forces. Placement of the latter group is a function of Selective Service and one upon which it is working through its Veterans Personnel Division. ,p> Originally a separate component of the Government responsible directly to the President, Selective Service was placed under jurisdiction of the War Manpower Commission by Executive Order 9279, of December 5, 1942, and became known as the Bureau of Selective Service.

    By virtue of Executive Order 9410 of December, 23, 1943, effective December 5, 1943, the Selective Service System was made a separate agency directly responsible to the President under the name of the Selective Service System.

    Additional Legislation.--Since enactment of the Selective Training and Service Act, which expires May 15, 1945, Congress has made certain important changes in its provisions.

    Although the original act provided for the training and service of men between the ages of 21 and 36, an amendment was approved on August 16, 1941, reducing the age limit. This amendment reads in part:

    ". . . there shall be deferred from training and service, under this act, in the land and naval forces of the United States until Congress shall declare otherwise, the men who, on the first day of July 1941, or on the first day of July of any subsequent year, (1) are liable for such training and service, (2) have not been inducted into the land or naval forces for such training and service, and (3) have attained the twenty-eighth anniversary of the day of their birth . . ."

    The original act provided for a peacetime training period of not more than 12 months but, by an amendment approved August 18, 1941, Congress extended the period of service to not more than 30 months in time of peace. This same legislation also provided that selectees should receive the sum of $10 for each month of training and service in excess of 12 in addition to the amounts otherwise payable to them.

    Involvement in war against the Axis nations necessitated an immediate change in the manpower recruitment program. In peacetime it was the task of the Selective Service System to obtain men for training in the armed forces. Declaration of war changed the job to one of calling men, not only for training, but for actual and vital service in the Nation's widespread Military Establishment.

    Congress extended the limits of the act so that all men between the ages of 18 and 45 were liable for military service. Men between 18 and 64 years inclusive also must register so that a census of this country's

    --155--

    manpower and the capabilities of that manpower in the field of civilian defense and similar activities may be obtained.

    The restriction which prohibited the use of selectees outside the Western Hemisphere except in the Territories and possessions of the United States, including the Philippine Islands, was removed by Congress so that American soldiers may now be sent to any part of the world.

    While the Army, from the inception of Selective Service, issued calls for men through Selective Service, the Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard continued to recruit their manpower through their own offices until Executive Order 9279, of December 5, 1942, ordered that all branches of the Military Establishment obtain men between the ages of 18 and 38 through Selective Service channels. After that date, men 38 years of age and over were not called for service.

    Dates of Registration.--When the President signed the Selective Training and Service Act, he issued a proclamation fixing October 16, 1940, as the first day of registration for all men between 21 and 36 years of age who were either citizens or resident aliens. On the first registration day approximately 16,400,000 men registered for service. Registrations were held in Hawaii on October 26, Puerto Rico on November 20, and Alaska on January 22.

    Following the registration of October 16, a national lottery was held in Washington to determine the order in which prospective trainees would be classified on the basis of their availability for military service. The War Department also announced its schedule for calling the new civilian soldiers, and the first group was inducted in November 1940.

    On May 26, 1941, acting under authority of the Selective Training and Service Act, the President proclaimed July 1, 1941, as the second day of registration for men eligible for possible military training. This second registration was for young men who became 21 years of age following the first registration day on October 16, 1940, and for certain others who would have been eligible for registration had they been in the United States on the first registration day. On July 1941, 752,170 men in the continental United States registered for service. A second national lottery was held on July 17, 1941, and the new registrants were integrated among the lists of former registrants to be classified as their order numbers were reached.

    Because of the extension of the age limits it became necessary for the President to proclaim additional registration days for the registration of all men liable for military and civilian service.

    February 16, 1942, was fixed as the date of registration of all men who would be 21 by December 31, 1942, and who would ot have arrived at their 45th year. Men who registered prior to February 16, 1942, were not required to enroll again.

    April 27, 1942, was fixed by Presidential proclamation as the date of the fourth registration. All men who had attained their 45th birthday on or before February 16, 1942, and who had not attained their 65th birthday on April 27, 1942, were required to register.

    June 30, 1942 was the date fixed for the fifth registration. All men born on or after January 1, 1922, and on or before June 30, 1924, were required to register.

    Presidential proclamation fixed December 11-17, 1942, as the time for registration of men born on or after July 1, 1924, but not after

    --156--

    August 31, 1924; December 18-24, 1942, as the registration time for men born on or after September 1, 1924, but not after October 31, 1924; December 26-31, 1942, as the time for registration for men born on or after November 1, 1924, but not after December 31, 1924.

    Furthermore, the proclamation declared that after December 31, 1942, and for the continuance of the war, "those who were born on or after January 1, 1925, shall be registered on the day they attain the eighteenth anniversary of the day of their birth; provided that if such anniversary falls on Sunday or a legal holiday, their registration shall take place on the day following that is not a Sunday or a legal holiday."

    On October 26, 1943, the President by proclamation provided for the registration of all male citizens of the United States outside the continental United States, the Territory of Alaska, the Territory of Hawaii, and Puerto Rico who had not registered and who on December 31, 1943, had attained or who thereafter shall attain the 18th anniversary of the day of their birth and who on December 31, 1943, had not attained the 45th anniversary of the day of their birth. Those citizens who were born after December 31, 1898, but before January 1, 1926, were by the proclamation required to be registered during the period commencing November 16, 1943, and ending Friday, December 31, 1943. Those citizens who were born on or after January 1, 1926, were by the proclamation required to be registered on the day they attain the 18th anniversary of the day of their birth.

    National Headquarters.--The Selective Training and Service Act authorizes the organization of a National Headquarters of the Selective Service System in charge of a Director of Selective Service.This executive may be a civilian or a member of the Military Establishment.

    As the entire program of Selective Service calls for a decentralization of its operations, National Headquarters serves primarily as a coordinating agency for the various headquarters set up for the individual States, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the District of Columbia.

    National Headquarters acts as a procurement agency for the War and the Navy Departments. When called upon to assist in supplementing the manpower of the armed forces, it turn calls upon the individual State headquarters to furnish the men required for training and service.

    State Headquarters.--In furtherance of the decentralization policy, each State Governor is charged with the administration of the Selective Service program in his State. He may designate a State Director of Selective Service as the official in charge of his State headquarters.

    Individual State headquarters coordinate the work of the various local boards, appeal boards, medical advisory boards, registrants' advisory boards, and other Selective Service units and agents under their jurisdiction. All members of local boards, appeal boards, medical advisory boards, and registrants' advisory boards, as well as local board physicians, Government appeal agents, and reemployment committeemen, serve without pay.

    The local boards maintain direct contact with the prospective trainees, their families, and employers. Their power is virtually autonomous and their decision as to a registrant's classification is

    --157--

    final except when an appeal is noted. On the basis of their study, registrants are classified in one of the following classifications and subclassifications:

    Class I-A: Available for military service.
    Class I-A-O: Conscientious objector available for noncombatant military service.
    Class I-C: Member of land or naval forces and registrants separated therefrom under honorable conditions.
    Class II-A: Man supporting the national health, safety, or interest.
    Class II-B: Man in war production.
    Class II-C: Man deferred by reason of his agricultural occupation or endeavor.
    Class III-D: Man deferred because induction would case extreme hardship and privation to a wife, child, or parent with whom he maintains a bona fide family relationship in his home.
    Class IV-A: Man 38 years of age deferred by reason of age.
    Class IV-B: Official deferred by law and certain registrants in Government service.
    Class IV-C: Neutral aliens requesting relief from liability for training and service, and aliens not acceptable to the armed forces.
    Class IV-D: Minister of religion or divinity student.
    Class IV-E: Conscientious objector available for, assigned to, or released for work of national importance.
    Class IV-F: Physically, mentally, or morally unfit.

    All men are placed in class I-A or class I-A-O before induction into the land or naval forces.

    National Headquarters Regional Offices--Selective Service System
    Region Officer Address
    No. 1. Maine, Vermont, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island. Lt. Col. Jules L. Wettlaufer 10 Post Office Square, Boston 9, Mass.
    No. 2. New York Comdr. E.B. Erickson, U.S.N.R. 11 W. Forty-second Street, New York 18, N.Y.
    No. 3. Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware Col. Andrew J. Lewis 918 Stephen Girard Building, 21 S. Twelfth Street, Philadelphia 7, Pa.
    No. 4. Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, District of Columbia Lt. Col. Daniel O. Omer 433 Third Street NW. (P.O. Box 1369), Washington, D.C.
    No. 5. Ohio, Kentucky, Michigan Lt. Col. John E. Baker 714 Union Commerce Building, Cleveland 14, Ohio
    No. 6. Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana Col. George A. Irvin 1200 Adams-Franklin Building, 222 W. Adams Street, Chicago 6, Ill.
    No. 7. Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina Col. Gordon Snow Grand Theater Building, Atlanta 3, Ga.
    No. 8. North Dakota, Iowa, Nebraska, South Dakota, Minnesota Lt. Col. H.J. Schwabacher 520 Midland Bank Building, Minneapolis 1, Minn.
    No. 9. Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma Lt. Col. James McE. Cherry 1613 Fidelity Building, Kansas City 6, Mo.
    No. 10. New Mexico, Texas, Louisiana Col. Dwight Horton Mercantile Bank, Building, Dallas 2, Tex.
    No. 11. Montana, Idaho, Utah, Wyoming, Colorado Lt. Col. Glenn P. McAtee, U.S.M.C. Equitable Building, Denver 2, Colo.
    No. 12. California, Nevada, Arizona, Oregon, Washington Col. Ben R. Howell
    Maj. John W. Barber
    1355 Market Street, San Francisco 3, Calif.

    --158--

    State Headquarters--Selective Service System
    State Director Address
    Alabama Col. James T. Johnson, Jr. 300 Dexter Avenue, Montgomery 4
    Alaska John L. McCormick Juneau
    Arizona Maj. Gen. Alexander M. Tuthill 1006 Professional Building, Phoenix
    Arkansas Brig. Gen. E.L. Compere Old State Highway Building, Sixth and Marshall, Little Rock
    California Col. Kenneth H. Leitch Plaza Building, Sacramento 14
    Colorado Lt. Col. Howard E. Reed 300 Logan Street, Denver 9
    Connecticut Comdr. John F. Robinson 10 N. Main Street, W. Hartford 7
    Delaware Col. Albert W. Foreman Eighth and Wollaston Streets, Wilmington 99
    District of Columbia William E. Leahy 2227 M. Street NW., Washington 7
    Florida Brig. Gen. Vivian Collins State Arsenal, St. Augustine
    Georgia Col. James N. Keelin, Jr. 959 E. Confederate Avenue, SE., Atlanta 1.
    Hawaii Milton E. Ballangee Hotel and Miller Streets, Honolulu 12
    Idaho Brig. Gen. Mervin G. McConnel (P.O. Box 1639) Sixth and Bannock Streets, Boise
    Illinois Col. Paul G. Armstrong 104 Armory Building, Springfield 3
    Indiana Col. Robinson Hitchock 711 N. Pennsylvania Street, Indianapolis 4
    Iowa Brig. Gen. Charles H. Grahl National Guard Armory, Des Moines 8
    Kansas Brig. Gen. Milton R. McLean State House, Topeka
    Kentucky Col. Frank D. Rash 334 E. Broadway, Louisville 2
    Louisiana Brig. Gen. Raymond H. Fleming, Acting Headquarters Building, Jackson Barracks, New Orleans 12
    Maine Maj. Harold M. Hayes 31 Western Avenue, Augusta
    Maryland Col. Henry C. Stanwood Fifth Regiment Armory, Baltimore 1
    Massachusetts Col. Ralph M. Smith 38 Chauncey Street, Boston 11
    Michigan Brig. Gen. LeRoy Pearson Capitol Savings and Loan Building, 112 E. Allegan Street, Lansing 41
    Minnesota Col. Joseph E. Nelson 100 E. Tenth Street, St. Paul 2
    Mississippi Col. Lawrence W. Long P.O. Box 122, Jackson
    Missouri Col. Claude C. Earp 310 E. Capitol Avenue, Jefferson City
    Montana Col. S.H. Mitchell State Arsenal Building, Helena
    Nebraska Brig. Gen. Guy N. Henninger Eleventh Floor, State Capitol, Lincoln 9
    Nevada Brig. Gen. Jay H. White State Capitol, Carson City
    New Hampshire Brig. Gen. Chas. F. Bowen 203 N. Main Street, Concord
    New Jersey Col. E.N. Bloomer Armory Drive, Trenton 8
    New Mexico Lt. Col. Rufino R. Sedillo Lensic Building, Santa Fe
    New York Brig. Gen. Ames T. Brown 76 State Street, Albany 1
       New York City 17 Col. A.V. McDermott 1 E. Forty-fourth Street
    North Carolina Brig. Gen. J. Van B. Metts Justice Building, Raleigh
    North Dakota Brig. Gen. Heber L. Edwards Fraine Barracks, Bismarck
    Ohio Col. Chester W. Goble 40 S. Third Street, Columbus 15
    Oklahoma Col. Clive E. Murray Fifth Floor, Hightower Building, 105 N. Hudson Street, Oklahoma City 2
    Oregon Col. Elmer V. Wooton 181 N. Commercial Street, Salem
    Pennsylvania Col. Richard K. Mellon P.O. Box 82, Harrisburg
    Puerto Rico Col. Harry F. Besosa P.O. Box 4591, San Juan 3
    Rhode Island Brig. Gen. Herbert R. Dean 32 Customhouse Street, Providence 3
    South Carolina Brig. Gen. Holmes B. Springs Wade Hampton Office Building, Columbia 10
    South Dakota Col. Edward A. Beckwith National Guard Administration Building, Rapid City
    Tennessee Brig. Gen. Thomas A. Frazier Cumberland Lodge Building, 310 Seventeenth Avenue, North, Nashville 3
    Texas Brig. Gen. J. Watt Page Fourth Floor, Tribune Building, Austin 17
    Utah Col. H.A. Rich Utah Oil Building, 10 W. Broadway, Salt Lake City 9
    Vermont Col. Charles N. Barber 27 School Street, Montpelier

    --159--

    National Headquarters Regional Offices--Selective Service System--Continued
    State Director Address
    Virginia Col. Mills F. Neal State Office Building, Richmond 19
    Virgin Islands Gov. Charles Harwood St. Thomas
    Washington Col. Walter J. DeLong Camp Murray, Ft. Lewis
    West Virginia Brig. Gen. Carleton C. Pierce Capitol Building, Charleston 5
    Wisconsin Col. John F. Mullen 122 W. Washington Avenue, Madison 3
    Wyoming Col. Rhodolph L. Esmay State Capitol Building, Cheyenne

    Approved.

    Lewis B. Hershey
    Director


    War Contracts Price Adjustment Board

    Principal Office: Room 118, 178 Eighteenth Street NW.; REpublic 7400, Branch 4876

    Pentagon Office: Room 3D573, The Pentagon; REpublic 6700, Branch 83636

    Members
    Chairman Col. Maurice Hirsch
    Vice Chairman W. John Kenney (Navy Price Adjustment Board)
    Capt. H.C. Maull, Jr., (Treasury Department Price Adjustment Board)
    John R. Paull (U.S. Maritime Commission Price Adjustment Board)
    G.B. Coit (Reconstruction Finance Corporation Price Adjustment Board)
    Carman G. Blough (War Production Board)
    Staff
    General Counsel Lt. Col. W.W. Watts
    Assistant General Counsel C. Bouton McDougal
    Secretary Lt. J.S. Feight, U.S.N.R.


    Creation and Authority.--The War Contracts Price Adjustment Board was created by the Renegotiation Act of 1943 (title VII of the Revenue Act of 1943, approved February 24, 1944, sec. 701 (d) (1); 58 Stat. 85, 50 App. U.S.C. 1191).

    Organization.--The Board is composed of representatives designated by the Secretary of War, Secretary of the Navy, Secretary of the Treasury, Board of Directors of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Chairman of the War Production Board, and a representative designated jointly by the Chairman of the United States Maritime Commission and the Administrator of the War Shipping Administration. Members of the Board are officers or employees of the department or agency by which they are appointed, and serve without additional compensation for their services on the Board. Four members of the Board constitute a quorum, and the Board may act by a majority of a quorum.

    Purpose and Activities.--Under the Renegotiation Act, the Board has authority over renegotiations for fiscal years ending after June 30, 1943. The Board establishes principles, policies, and procedures

    --160--

    with reference to such renegotiations, and these principles, policies, and procedures have been embodied in the Renegotiation Regulations, issued by the Board and available to the public through the Superintendent of Documents.

    Pursuant to subsection (d) (4) of the Renegotiation Act of 1943, the Board has delegated to the various departments named in the act the authority to conduct renegotiation proceedings in accordance with the principles set forth in the Renegotiation Regulations. The Board may, in its discretion, either upon its own motion or at the request of a contractor or subcontractor, review any determination of excessive profits made by order by a department under delegated authority.

    Approved.

    J.S. Fieght
    Secretary


    Joint Chiefs of Staff

    Combined Chiefs of Staff Building
    Nineteenth Street and Constitution Avenue NW.
    REpublic 6700, Branch 77500

    Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy (Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief of the United States Army and Navy)
    General of the Army George C. Marshall (Chief of Staff, United States Army)
    Fleet Admiral E.J. King (Commander in Chief, United States Fleet, and Chief of Naval Operations)
    General of the Army H.H. Arnold (Commanding General, Army Air Forces)
    Secretary Brig. Gen. A.J. McFarland
    Deputy Secretary Capt. E.D. Graves, Jr. (U.S.N.)


    Under the direction of the President, the Joint Chiefs of Staff consult together on matters of joint concern to the armed forces, advise the President as to their use, and take appropriate action to implement his plans and policies as Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy. The Joint Chiefs of Staff comprise the United States membership of the Combined Chiefs of Staff.

    Office of Strategic Services

    Twenty-fifth and E Streets NW.
    EXecutive 6100

    Director Maj. Gen. William J. Donovan
    First Assistant Director G. Edward Buxton
    Second Assistant Director Charles S. Cheston
    Executive Officer Lt. Col. O.C. Doering, Jr.
    Deputy Director, Administrative Services Louis M. Ream
    Chief, Secretariat Lt. Charles A. Bane, U.S.N.R.


    Creation.--By Military Order of June 13, 1942, the office of Coordinator of Information, exclusive of the foreign information activities transferred to the Office of War Information by Executive Order 9182

    --161--

    of June 13, 1942, was designated Office of Strategic Services and transferred to the jurisdiction of the Joint United States Chiefs of Staff.

    Activities.--The functions of this agency as modified by Executive Order 9312, of March 9, 1943, are collecting and analyzing such strategic information as may be required by the joint Chiefs of Staff for military operations, and planning and conducting special operations not assigned to other Government agencies.

    Army and Navy Staff College

    New War Department Building
    Twenty-first Street and Virginia Avenue NW.
    REpublic 6700, Branch 77270

    Commandant Lt. Gen. John L. DeWitt
    Deputy Commandant Commo. E.J. Foy


    Creation.--The Army and Navy Staff College was established pursuant to a directive issued by the Joint Chiefs of Staff on April 23, 1943. Officially opened on August 4, 1943, the College operates under the direction of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

    Purpose.--The Army and Navy Staff College provides a special course of instruction for specially selected and qualified Army, Navy, and Marine Corps officers in order to increase efficiency in the performance of command and staff duties in unified and coordinated operations of the Army and Navy forces.

    Approved.

    A.J. McFarland
    Secretary, Joint Chiefs of Staff


    Joint War Production Committee--United States and Canada

    United States Section

    Room 4060, Social Security Building, Fourth Street and Independence Avenue SW.
    REpublic 7500, Branch 2031

    Chairman William L. Batt (Vice Chairman, International Supply, War Production Board
    James Forrestal (Secretary of the Navy)
    Robert P. Patterson (Under Secretary of War)
    Leo T. Crowley (Foreign Economic Administration)
    Vice Admiral Howard L. Vickery (Vice Chairman, United States Maritime Commission)
    Executive Director Lt. Col. Charles Heidt

    --162--

    Canadian Section

    Chairman H.J. Carmichael (Coordinator of Production, Department of Munitions and Supply)
    J.R. Donald (Director General, Chemicals and Explosives Branch, Department of Munitions and Supply)
    W.A. Newman (President, Federal Aircraft, Ltd., Montreal)
    D.B. Carswell (Director General, Shipbuilding Branch, Department of Munitions and Supply)
    Hume Wrong (Department of External Affairs)
    J.H. Berry (Director General, Automotive and tank Production Branch, Department of Munitions and Supply
    Executive Director J.J.D. Brunke
    Executive Assistant to the Chairman H.C. Goldenberg (Director General, Economics and Statistics Branch, Department of Munitions and Supply)


    Creation and Authority.--The Joint Defense Production Committee was set up on november 5, 1941, by the President of the United States and the Prime Minister of Canada, to coordinate the capacities of the two countries for the production of defense matériel. This acton puts into effect a recommendation of the Joint Economic Committees of Canada and the United States. The name "Joint Defense Production Committee" was later changed to Joint War Production Committee.

    Purpose.--On December 22, the Joint War Production Committee, United States and canada, adopted at a meeting the following statement of war production policy for Canada and the United States:

    1. "Victory will require the maximum war production in both countries in the shortest possible time; speed and volume of war output, rather than monetary cost, are the primary objectives.

    2. "An all-out war production effort in both countries requires the maximum use of the labor, raw materials, and facilities in each country.

    3. "Achievement of maximum volume and speed of war output requires that the production and resources of both countries should be effectively integrated, and directed towards a common program of requirements for the total war effort.

    4. "Each country should produce those articles in an integrated program of requirements which will result in maximum joint output of war goods in the minimum time.

    5. "Scarce raw materials and good which one country requires from the other in order to carry out the joint program of war production should be so allocated between the two countries that such materials and good swill make the maximum contribution toward the output of the most necessary articles in the shortest period of time.

    6. "Legislative and administrative barriers, including tariffs, import duties, customs, and other regulations or restrictions of any character which prohibit, prevent,delay, or otherwise impede the free flow of necessary munitions and war supplies between the two countries should be suspended or otherwise eliminated for the duration of the war.

    --163--

    1. "The two Governments should take all measures necessary for the fullest implementation of the foregoing principles."

    Organization.--The Joint War Production Committee has in the main functioned through the organization of 10 joint technical subcommittees composed chiefly, on the Canadian side, of Government production executives and, on the United States side, of War Production Board officials and procurement officers from the armed services. These 10 joint technical subcommittees are: Tank-Automotive, Artillery, Artillery Ammunition, Small Arms and Small Arms Ammunition, Chemicals and Explosives, Signal Corps Equipment, Conservation, Aircraft, Naval Shipbuilding, and Merchant Shipbuilding.

    Approved.

    Charles Heidt
    Executive Director, United States Section


    Material Coordinating Committee--United States and Canada

    Room 4749, Social Security Building, Fourth Street and Independence Avenue SW.
    REpublic 7500, Branch 4776

    United States Members
    William L. Batt  
    Howard C. Sykes  
    United States Secretary George H. Emery
    Canadian Members
    G.C. Bateman  
    H.J. Symington  
    Canadian Secretary F.V.C. Hewett


    Creation of the Material Coordinating Committee-united States and Canada was announced on May 14, 1941, by the Director General of the Office of Production Management (now the War Production Board). The primary purpose of the Committee is to make possible the free exchange of vital information between responsible officials of the two governments relating to supplies of strategic raw materials. The exchange of such information, it was felt, would be of assistance to each government in planning its defense program, especially in relation to questions concerning raw material supplies needed for the production of military items.

    Approved.

    William L. Batt
    United States Member

    --164--

    Permanent Joint Board on Defense--United States and Canada

    United States Section
    Room 388, Department of State Building
    REpublic 5600, Branch 2125
    Chairman Fiorello H. LaGuardia (May of New York, President of the United States COnference of Mayors)
    Vice Admiral Alfred Wilkinson Johnson, U.S.N. (Retired)
    Maj. Gen. Guy V. Henry, U.S.A.
    Capt. R.W. Ruble, U.S.N.
    Col. Charles H. Deerwester, U.S.A.
    Secretary John Hickerson (Department of State)
    Canadian Section
    Chairman O.M. Biggar, K.C.
    Maj. Gen. M.A. Pope (General Staff, Canadian Army)
    Air VIce Marshal, W.A. Curtis, CBE, DSC (Royal Canadian Air Force)
    Vice Admiral G.C. Jones (Royal Canadian Navy)
    Col. J.H. Jenkins
    Secretary Hugh L. Keenleyside (Department of External Affairs)


    The Permanent Joint Board on Defense was set up by the United States and canada in pursuance of a joint announcement of the President and Prime Minister W.L. Mackenzie King, dated August 17, 1940, at Ogdensburg, N.Y., for the purpose of carrying out studies relating to sea, land, and air problems, including personnel and matériel, and to consider, in the broad sense, the defense of the northern half of the Western Hemisphere.

    Approved.

    John Hickerson
    Secretary, United States Section


    Combined Chiefs of Staff--United States and Great Britain

    Combined Chiefs of Staff Building
    Nineteenth Street and Constitution Avenue NW.
    REpublic 6700, Branch 77500

    United States Members
    Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy (Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief of the United States Army and Navy)
    General of the Army George C. Marshall (Chief of Staff, United States Army)
    Fleet Admiral E.J. King (Commander in Chief, United States Fleet, and Chief of Naval Operations
    General of the Army H.H. Arnold (Commanding General, Army Air Forces
    Secretary Brig. Gen. A.J. McFarland
    Deputy Secretary Capt. E.D. Graves, Jr. (U.S.N.)

    --165--

    Great Britain Members
    Field Marshal Sir Henry Maitland Wilson
    Admiral Sir James Somerville
    Lt. Gen. G.N. Macready
    Air Marshal Douglas Colyer
    Secretary Brig. A.T. Cornwall-Jones
    Deputy Secretary Comdr. R.D. Coleridge (R.N.)


    Creation.--Establishment of the Combined Chiefs of Staff was announced by the War Department on February 6, 1942.

    Activities.--The COmbined Chiefs of Staff collaborate in the formulation and execution of policies and plans concerning (a) the strategic conduct of the war; (b) the broad program of war requirements, based on approved strategic policy; (c) the allocation of munition resources, based on strategic needs and the availability of means of transportation; (d) the requirements for overseas transportation for the fighting services of the United Nations, based on approved strategic priority.

    Approved.

    A.J. McFarland
    United States Secretary, Combined Chiefs of Staff


    Combined Food Board--United States, United Kingdom, and Canada

    South Building, Department of Agriculture
    REpublic 4142, Branch 3681

    Chairman Claude R. Wickard (U.S. Secretary of Agriculture)
    United States:  
         Member Marvin Jones (War Food Administrator)
         Deputy Member Lt. Col. Ralph W. Olmstead (Director for Supply, CCC, WFA)
         Executive Officer L.T. Hopkinson (Chief, Requirements and Allocations Branch, Office of Supply, CCC, WFA)
         Deputy Executive Officer Glenn H. Craig (Assistant Chief, Requirements and Allocations Branch, Office of Supply, CCC, WFA)
    United Kingdom:  
         Member M.I. Hutton (Head, British Food Mission)
         Deputy Member Eric Roll (British Food Mission)
         Executive Member Eric Roll (British Food Mission)
         Deputy Executive Officer G.E.F. Chilver (British Food Mission)
    Canada:  
         Member J.G. Gardiner (Canadian Minister of Agriculture)
         Deputy Member Dr. H. Barton (Deputy Minister of Agriculture)
         Executive Officer George R. Paterson (Canadian Embassy)
         Deputy Executive Officer J.N. Lewis (Canadian Embassy)
    Secretary Arthur T. Thompson (Office of Foreign Agricultural Relations, U.S. Department of Agriculture)
    Assistant Secretary N.N. Benidt (Office of Supply, WFA)
    Assistant Secretary Peyton Kerr (Office of Supply, WFA)
    Assistant Secretary Eunice B. Gettell (Office of Supply, WFA)

    --166--

    Creation and Purpose.--Acting jointly, the President of the United States and the Prime Minister of Great Britain on June 9, 1942, authorized the creation of the Combined Food Board to obtain a planned and expeditious utilization of the food resources of the United Nations, in order to coordinate further the prosecution of the war effort. In October 1943, Canadian Prime Minister W.L. mackenzie King accepted membership on behalf of the Government of Canada.

    Activities.--The Board considers, investigates, and formulates plans with regard to any question relating to the supply, production, transportation, disposal, allocation or distribution, in or to any part of the world, of foods, agricultural materials from which foods are derived, and equipment and nonfood materials ancillary to the production of such foods and agricultural materials.

    It works in collaboration with others of the United Nations toward the best utilization of their food resources, and, in collaboration with the interested nation or nations, formulates plans and recommendations for the development, expansion, purchase, or other effective use of their food resources.

    Approved.

    Claude R. Wickard
    Chairman


    Combined Production and Resources Board--United States, United Kingdom, and Canada

    Social Security Building, Fourth Street and Independence Avenue SW.
    REpublic 7500, Branch 83161

    United States
    Member J.A. Krug (Chairman, War Production Board)
    Deputy Member W.L. Batt (Vice Chairman, International Supply, WPB)
    Executive Officer Ogden White
    United Kingdom
    Member The Rt. Hon. Oliver Lyttelton, M.P. (Minister of Production)
    U.K. Representative in Washington Sir Henry Self (Representative of Minister of Production)
    Deputy to Sir Henry Self H.G. Vincent
    Executive Officer Viscount Strathallan
    Canada
    Member C.D. Howe (Minister of Munitions and Supply)
    Deputy Member G.C. Bateman (Associate Metals Controller)
    Executive Officer G.C. Monture (Department of Munitions and Supply)

    Secretary Stanley L. Phraner, United States
    Secretary P. Hayward, United Kingdom

    --167--

    London Committee
    United Kingdom The Rt. Hon. Oliver Lyttelton
    United States Harry Hawkins (pro tempore)

    Creation and Purpose.--The creation of the Combined Production and Resources Board was announced by the President on June 9, 1942. The Board was established by the President of the United States and the Prime Minister of Great Britain, in order to complete the organization needed for the most effective use of the combined resources of the United States and the United Kingdom for the prosecution of the war.

    On November 10, 1942, by agreement of the President of the United States, the Prime Minister of Great Britain, and the Prime Minister of Canada, the Board was expanded to include a Canadian member.

    On January 19, 1495, following a review by the member governments of the past work of the Board and its future operations, the President of the United States and the prime Ministers of Great Britain and Canada issued a joint statement announcing their decision to continue the Board until the end of the Japanese war and reaffirming their expectation that the Board would, in the future as in the past, continue to play its part in facilitating the prompt and adequate use of economic resources for the common war effort.

    Activities.--It is the function of the Board to coordinate the war effort of the member countries, and as appropriate, of the other United Nations, in the production, allocation, and supply of those products (other than raw materials and foodstuffs) which continue to require combined planning in order to meet military and essential civilian requirements.

    Since the Atlantic City conference of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration the Board has been charged with the responsibility for determining availability and sources of supply for finished products (other than raw materials and food) required to meet the needs of liberated areas.

    Approved.

    Stanley L. Phraner
    United States Secretary


    Combined Raw Material Board--United States and United Kingdom

    Social Security Building
    Fourth Street and Independence Avenue SW.
    REpublic 7500, Branch 73564

    United States
    Member William L. Batt
    Deputy Member Edward J. Browning, Jr.
    Executive Secretary Robert A. Gordon

    --168--

    United Kingdom
    Member Sir Henry Self
    Deputy Member and Executive Secretary George Archer
    Deputy Executive Secretary Glyn Roberts
    Operating Committee
    Chairman Edward J. Browning, Jr. (United States Deputy Member)
    George Archer (Deputy Member and United Kingdom Executive Secretary)
    Robert A. Gordon (United States Executive Secretary)
    Frederick W. Gardner (Department of State)
    J.P. Summerscale (British Embassy)
    Glyn Roberts (Deputy to the Secretary General, British Raw Materials Mission)
    Arthur A. Gardiner (Director, Foreign Procurement and Development Branch, Foreign Economic Administration)
    Arthur Paul (Executive Director, Bureau of Areas, Foreign Economic Administration)
    Alan M. Bateman (Foreign Economic Administration)
    Simon D. Strauss (Vice President, Metals Reserve Company)
    Francis E. McIntyre (Foreign Economic Administration)
    Morton M. Banks (War Production Board)
    Secretary Keith W. Johnson (Combined Raw Materials Board)


    Creation and Purpose.--The establishment of the Combined Raw Materials Board was announced by the President of the United States and the Prime Minister of Great Britain on January 26, 1942. On January 20, 1945, the charter of the Board was reaffirmed and continued for the duration of the war with both Germany and Japan. The Board is given a comprehensive responsibility for the planning of the raw materials effort of the two countries, for materials in short supply, and for collaborating with the other United Nations to provide for the most effective utilization of the raw material resources at their disposal.

    Activities.--The activities of the Board include over-all review of the supply and requirements position of the United Nations for the major critical and essential raw materials, allocation of supplies of scarce raw materials among the United Nations (including the liberated areas) when necessary, recommendations aimed at expanding supplies and conserving the use of raw materials in short supply, coordinating the purchasing activities of the United States and Great Britain in foreign raw materials markets, and the adjustment of the day-to-day raw materials problems which have been referred to or initiated by the Board.

    The Board's decisions are made after consultation with the appropriate government agencies in the two countries, and it relies on the operating agencies of both countries to implement its decision. Through the Board's Advisory Operating Committee, on which are

    --169--

    represented American and British agencies concerned with raw material and shipping problems, a machinery is provided for discussion of raw material problems requiring cooperative action by the operating agencies of the two countries. Appropriate representatives of the other United Nations are also consulted in matters affecting their interests.

    Approved.

    Robert A. Gordon
    United States Executive Secretary


    Combined Shipping Adjustment Board--United States and Great Britain

    Department of Commerce Building
    EXecutive 3340, Branch 653

    United States Member
    Vice Admiral Emory S. Land (Chairman, United States Maritime Commission, and Administrator, War Shipping Administration)
    Great Britain Members
    W.O. Hart (Head of the British merchant Shipping Mission in the United States)
    Lord Leathers (Minister of War Transport)


    Creation of the Combined Shipping Adjustment Board was announced by the President of the United States and the Prime Minister of Great Britain on January 26, 1942. The function of the Board is to adjust and concert in one harmonious policy the work of the British Ministry of War Transport and the War Shipping Administration.

    Approved.

    Emory S. Land
    United States Member


    British-American Joint Patent Interchange Committee

    United States Court of Appeals Building, Fifth and E. Streets NW.
    NAtional 4534

    United States Members:
      Justice Harold M. Stephens, American Chairman (State Department representative)
      Lt. Comdr. Ralph L. Chappell (Navy Department representative)
      W. Houston Kenyon, Jr. (War Department representative)
      Francis M. Shea (Assistant Attorney General, Department of Justice representative)
      John B. Howard (Foreign Economic Administration representative)
     

    --170--

    United Kingdom Members:
      Ben Smith, British Chairman (Minister Resident in Washington for Supply)
      J.H. Magowan (British Embassy representative)
      F.G. Lee (United Kingdom Treasury Delegation representative)
      T.W. Childs (British Supply Council representative)
      John Whitford (Advisor on Patents to the Minister Resident>

    William B. Jones, Committee Secretary and Executive Assistant to American Chairman)


    Creation and Authority.--The British-American Joint Patent Interchange Committee was created pursuant to Article XIII of Executive Agreement Series 268 (British-American Patent Interchange Agreement) as a result of an exchange of notes between the two governments. The Agreement, signed at Washington on August 24, 1942, is effective as of January 1, 1942, and may be terminated by either government on any date not less than 6 months after the giving of notice of such termination.

    Purpose.--It is the function of the Joint Committee to deal with problems arising in connection with operations under the British-American Patent Interchange Agreement and to make appropriate recommendations to proper authorities with respect thereto. The Agreement has for its purpose facilitating the interchange of patent rights, inventions, technical information, designs, and processes between the two governments under the lend-lese and mutual-aid programs. It provides that each government insofar as it may lawfully do so will procure and make available to the other government for use in war production patent rights, technical information, etc., requested by the other government. Each government will bear the cost of procurement from its own nationals. All payments made by the Government of the United States and the Government of the United Kingdom, respectively, in carrying out the terms of the Agreement shall be accounted for as aid extended and benefits received by the Government of the United States in accordance with the Lend-Lease Act and the February 23, 1942, Agreement between the two governments applying to mutual aid in the prosecution of the war against aggression. The patent rights, technical information, etc., acquired are acquired for war production purposes. They may be transferred by the recipient government to its contractors, subcontractors, and other appropriate designees for such purposes. The Agreement thus makes possible the furnishing of the necessary patent rights, technical information, etc., to a government's contractors and suppliers.

    In dealing with problems arising as a result of the operations under the Agreement, the Committee meets jointly as well as in its American and British sections. Problems pertaining to both governments are finally resolved by the Joint Committee and appropriate recommendations are made to the proper authorities of both governments.

    --171--

    Problems that arise which affect only one government are dealt with by that section of the Joint Committee which represents the interested government, and when such problems are finally concluded, appropriate recommendations are made to the proper authorities of that government.

    Approved.

    Harold M. Stephens
    American Chairman


    Munitions Assignments Board--United States and Great Britain

    Combined Chiefs of Staff Building
    Nineteenth Street and Constitution Avenue NW.
    REpublic 6700, Branch 77501

    United States Members
    Chairman Harry L. Hopkins
    Admiral J.M. Reeves Lt. Gen. Brehon B. Somervell
    Rear Admiral W.R. Purnell Lt. Gen. B.M. Giles
    Rear Admiral L.D. McCormick Maj. Gen. R.L. Maxwell
    Executive Maj. Gen. John Y. York, Jr.
    Secretary Col. E.C. Kielfopf
    Great Britain Members
    Admiral Sir James Somerville Lt. Gen. G.N. Macready
    Air Marshal Douglas Colyer Capt. E.M.C. Abel-Smith (R.N.)
    Secretary Group Capt. T.E.H. Birley

    Creation of the Munitions Assignments Board was announced by the President of the United States and the Prime Minister of Great Britain on January 26, 1942.

    Activities.--The United States Section of the Board, working in close collaboration with the corresponding London organization, maintains full information of the entire munitions resources of Great Britain and the United States. Its duties relate to the assignment of munitions and the balancing of resources against stated requirements.

    Approved.

    John Y. York, Jr.
    Executive

    --172--

    Filipino Rehabilitation Commission

    United States Members
    Chairman Millar E. Tydings (United States Senator)
    Carl Hayden (United States Senator)
    Arthur H. Vandenberg (United States Senator)
    C. Jasper Bell (United States Representative)
    Dan R. McGehee (United States Representative)
    Richard J. Welch (United States Representative)
    Lynn R. Edminster (Vice Chairman, U.S. Tariff Commission)
    E.D. Hester (Economic Advisor, Office of the U.S. High Commissioner to the Philippines, Department of the Interior)
    Wayne Coy (Assistant to Editor, Washington Post, and former Assistant Director,Bureau of the Budget)
    Filipino Members
    Vice Chairman Jaime Hernandez
    Brig. Gen. Carlos P. Romulo
    Col. Manuel Nieto
    Col. Alejandro Melchor
    Col. Mariano Eraña
    Dr. Urbano A. Zafra
    Mrs. Pilar H. Lim
    Senator Carlos P. Garcia
    Assemblyman Pedro Lopez

    Secretary Vernon E. Moore (Room 113, House Office Building, Washington 25, D.C.; Telephone, NAtional 3120, Branches 416 and 1319)


    Creation and Purpose.--The Filipino Rehabilitation Commission was created by act of Congress approved June 29, 1944 (58 Stat. 626), amending the Philippine Independence Act of 1934. The purpose of the Commission is to investigate and formulate recommendations on all matters affecting post-war economy, trade, finance, economic stability, and rehabilitation of the Philippine Islands, including the matter of damages to public and private property and to persons occasioned by enemy attack and occupation.

    Approved.

    Millard E. Tydings
    Chairman


    Joint Brazil-United States Defense Commission

    United States Members
    The Pentagon
    REpublic 6700, Branch 72909
    Chairman Maj. Gen. J. Garesché Ord, U.S.A.
    Secretary General Col. Arthur S. Peterson, G.S.C.
    Rear Admiral William O. Spears, U.S.N.
    Capt. Colin C. Campbell, U.S.N.
    Capt. Paul Stroop, U.S.N.
    Col. John D. Gillett, A.C.

    --173--

    Brazilian Members
    Munitions Building
    REpublic 6700, Branch 7894
    Senior Member General de Divisão Estevão Leitão
    Contra-Almirante Sylvio de Noronha (Navy)
    Brigadeiro do Ar Vasco Alves Secco (Air Force)
    Coronel Ja&atile;o Vicente Sayão Cardozo (Army)
    Tenente Coronel Lourival Seróa da Motta (Army)
    Major Severino Sombra de Albuquerque (Army)
    Major Aviador João da Cruz Secco, Jr. (Air Force)
    Capitão Tasso Villar de Aquino (Army)
    Capitão Tenente Jorge Oscorio de Noronha (Navy)
    Tenente Antonio Firizola (Air Force)


    The commission, composed of military delegates--Army, Navy, and Air Forces--of the two countries, was established in August 1942. Meetings are held in Washington for the purpose of making staff plans for the mutual defense of the Western Hemisphere.

    Approved.

    J. Garesché Ord
    Chairman


    Joint Mexican-United States Defense Commission

    United States Members
    Chairman and Senior Navy Member
    (Federal Reserve Building; REpublic 7500, Branch 72866)
    Vice Admiral Alfred Wilkinson Johnson, U.S.N.
    Senior Army Member
    (Room 3E840, The Pentagon, REpublic 6700, Branch 3607)
    Maj. Gen. Guy V. Henry, U.S.A.
    Mexican Members
    Mexican Embassy, 2829 Sixteenth Street NW.
    COlumbia 3781
    Maj. Gen. Francisco Castillo Nájera
    Brig. Gen. Luis Alamillo Flores


    Creation and Authority.--The Governments of Mexico and the United States on January 12, 1942, announced the organization of a mixed defense commission. The United States Section of the joint Mexican-United States Defense Commission was officially established by Executive Order 9080 of February 27, 1942.

    Purpose.--The purposes of the Commission are to study problems relating to the common defense of the United States and Mexico, to

    --174--

    consider broad plans for the defense of Mexico and adjacent areas of the United States, and to propose to the respective governments the cooperative measures which, in its opinion, should be adopted.

    Approved.

    Alfred W. Johnson
    Chairman


    Inter-American Defense Board

    New War Department Building
    REpublic 7500, Branch 72876

    Delegates
    Argentina Brig. Gen. Antonio Parodi
    Rear Admiral Alberto D. Brunet
    Bolivia Lt. Col. Alfredo Pacheco
    Brazil Maj. Gen. Estevão Leitão de Carvalho
    Rear Admiral Sylvio de Noronha
    Lt. Col. Clovis Monteiro Travassos
    Chile Maj. Gen. Oscar Fuentes
    Group Comdr. Teodor Ruiz-Diez
    Lt. Col. Ernesto Medina-Parker
    Columbia Col. Rafael Sãnchez Amaya
    Costa Rica Col. Fernando de la Guardia
    Lt. Col. Bernardo de la Guardia
    Cuba Col. Felipe Munilla
    Lt. Comdr. Felipe Cadenas
    Dominican Republic Capt. Amado Hern´ndez Polanco
    Ecuador Gen. Luis Larrea Alba
    Capt. Luis R. Piñeiros
    El Salvador Lt. Col. Gilberto Carmona Sosa
    Guatemala Brig. Gen. Félix Castellanos
    Haiti Col. Roche B. Laroche
    Honduras Capt. Jean Da Costa
    Mexico Brig. Gen. Luis Alamillo Flores
    Maj. Roberto Vega Fuentes
    Lt. Guillermo Hern´ndez Sagarra
    Nicaragua Capt. Luis A. Somoza
    Panama Col. Bey Mario Arosemena
    Paraguay Col. Luis Santiviago
    Peru Col. Armando Revoredo
    Capt. Manuel Neito
    Lt. Col. Jorge Sarmento
    United States Lt. Gen. Stanley D. Embick, Chairman
    Vice Admiral Alfred W. Johnson
    Maj. Gen. J.G. Ord
    Uruguay Col. Medardo Farías
    Lt. Comdr. Alfonso Delgado-Pealer
    Venezuela Col. Juan Jones-Parra
    Lt. Comdr. Arístides Rojas
    Maj. Josué Lóz Henríquez

    Coordinator Col. Edward H. Porter

    --175--

    Advisers
    Argentina Maj. Jorge R. Boucherie
    Bolivia Maj. Augusto Aramayo
    Brazil Lt. Col. Miguel Lampert
    Lt. Comdr. João Pereira Machado
    Maj. Alfredo Souto Malan
    Chile Lt. Col. Marcos López
    Lt. Calixto R. Pereira
    El Salvador Maj. Oscar Osorio
    Mexico Maj. Jes&uacte;s Betancourt
    Paraguay Lt. Comdr. Amado Daniel Candia
    Peru Comdr. Fernando Romero
    Lt. Comdr. Enrique Ciriani
    United States Col. Earle W. Hockenberry
    Uruguay Capt. Juan Carlos Jorge
    Venezuela Capt. Jesúsuss M. Gámez Arellano

    Officers of the Secretariat
    Col. Lawrence S. Hitchcock Maj. James L. Hall
    Lt. Col. Earl H. Chapman Maj. Henry A. Correa
    Lt. Col. Calixto C. Valle Capt. R. Ralston Bushart
    Lt. Col. Gregorio M´rquez Capt. Alfredo R. de Arellano
    Lt. Col. Robert G. Boyd Capt. Willmoore Kendall
    Maj William R. Shattuck Capt. William H. Crawford, Jr.
    Maj. Thomas D. Price First Lt. David R. McLean
    WOJG Augusto Centeno
    Naval Adviser to the Secretariat Rear Admiral W.O. Spears
    Officers attached to the Secretariat Lt. Comdr. Alan W. Laidlaw (U.S.N.R.)
    Lt. R.B. Wheeler (U.S.N.R.)


    Creation and Authority.--The Inter-American Defense Board is a permanently constituted organization composed of military, naval and aviation technical delegates appointed by each of the governments of the 21 American Republics. It was established in accordance with Resolution XXXIX of the meeting of Foreign Ministers at Rio de Janeiro in January 1942. The Board meets regularly in the City of Washington, and is an autonomous international organization under the auspices of the Pan American Union.

    Purpose.--The Board studies and recommends to the governments of the American Republics measures necessary for the defense of the Western Hemisphere.

    Approved.

    Lawrence S. Hitchcock
    Secretary General


    Pacific War Council

    Formation of the Pacific War Council was announced by the President on March 30, 1942. The Council considers matters of policy relating to the joint war effort. Meetings are held at the White House. A diplomatic representative of each of the following nations attends meetings of the Council: United States, Great Britain, China, The Netherlands, Australia, Canada, new Zealand, and the Commonwealth of the Philippines.

    --176--

    American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas

    Office of the Secretary, National Gallery of Art, Sixth Street and Constitution Avenue NW.
    REpublic 4215, Branch 334

    Members
    Chairman Owen J. Roberts (Justice of the United States Supreme Court)
    Vice Chairman David E. Finley (Director, National Gallery of Art)
    Secretary-Treasurer Huntington Cairns (Secretary-Treasurer, National Gallery of Art)
         William Bell Dinsmoor (Former President, Archeological Institute of America)
         Herbert H. Lehman Director General, United Nations Relief and rehabilitation Administration)
         Paul J. Sachs (Former Associate Director, Fogg Museum of Fine Arts, Harvard University)
         The Most Reverend Francis J. Spellman (Archbishop of the Diocese of New York)
         Francis Henry Taylor (Director, Metropolitan Museum of New York City)
    Special Adviser John Walker (Chief Curator, National Gallery of Art)
    Special Adviser Sumner Crosby (Associate Professor of Art, Yale University)
    Assistant Secretary-Treasurer John A. Gilmore


    Creation.--Establishment of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas, approved by the President on June 23, 1943, was announced by the Secretary of State on August 20, 1943. The members of the Commission serve for 3 years.

    Purpose.--The Commission functions in conjunction with the War Department, State Department, and other Government agencies, as well as with various museums, universities, and scholars, for the conservation of works of art and monuments in war areas. It is also charged with the duty of urging the restitution of works of art and archives appropriated by the Axis powers or individuals acting under their authority or consent. The Commission cooperates with similar committees of other countries, or of other United Nations, in furtherance of those objectives.

    Approved.

    Owen J. Roberts
    Chairman

    --177--

    United Nations Interim Commission on Food and Agriculture

    2841 McGill Terrace NW.
    DEcatur 6565

    Countries Represented
    Australia France Norway
    Belgium Great Britain Panama
    Bolivia Greece Paraguay
    Brazil Guatemala Peru
    Canada Haiti Philippine Commonwealth
    Chile Honduras Poland
    China Iceland Union of South Africa
    Columbia India Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
    Costa Rica Iran United States of America
    Cuba Iraq Uruguay
    Czechoslovakia Liberia Venezuela
    Dominican Republic Luxembourg Yugoslavia
    Ecuador Mexico The Danish Minister
    Egypt Netherlands  
    El Salvador New Zealand  
    Ethiopia Nicaragua  
    Chairman L.B. Pearson, Canada Vice Chairman Pavel I. Tchegoula, U.S.S.R.
    P.W. Tsou, China United States Representative Howard R. Tolley (Chief, Bureau of Agricultural Economics, U.S. Department of Agriculture) Executive Secretary Howard S. Piquet


    Creation and Authority.--The United Nations Interim Commission on Food and Agriculture was established in Washington on July 15, 1943, in accordance with Resolution II adopted by the United Nations Conference on Food and Agriculture held at Hot Springs, Va., from May 18 to June 3, 1943.

    ,b>Purpose.--The functions of the Interim Commission are "to formulate and recommend for consideration by each member government or authority (a) a specific plan for a permanent organization in the field of food and agriculture; (b) the formal declaration . . . in which each participant shall recognize its obligation: (I) to raise the level of nutrition and standards of living of its own people; (II) to improve the efficiency of agricultural production and distribution; (III) to cooperate, so far as may be possible, with other nations for the achievement of these ends; (IV) to undertake to submit periodically to the other participants, through the permanent organization, reports on the action taken and the progress achieved toward these ends; (c) such proposals or reports as are necessary to give effect to the recommendations of the Conference." Furthermore, the Interim Commission is initiating preliminary statistical investigations and research into the problems with which the permanent organization will deal.

    Organization and Activities.--The United Nations Interim Commission on Food and Agriculture is composed of one official representative from each of the member countries. The four committees of the Commission are: the Executive Committee, composed of representative from 11 countries, and Working Committees A, B, and C,

    --178--

    each of which deals with one phase of the work of the Commission. An international Secretariat, under the direction of the Executive Secretary, gathers such information on problems of food and agriculture as is required by the various technical committees.

    Committee A has drafted a Declaration regarding the obligation of governments, to one another and to their respective peoples to raise levels of nutrition and standards of living. The Declaration will soon be submitted to member governments for adoption.

    Committee B has drafted the Constitution and has made other specific plans necessary for the establishment of a permanent world organization on food and agriculture. The Committee has examined the extent and manner in which the proposed permanent organization (to be known as the "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations") can assist governments to carry out the recommendations of the Hot Springs Conference by (a) the promotion of scientific and economic research, (b) collection and dissemination of information and provision for exchange of services between nations, and (c) submission to member governments and authorities of recommendations for action regarding specific economic and scientific subjects on which the Conference made recommendations.

    The Commission transmitted its "First Report" to the governments of the United Nations on August 1, 1944. The COnstitution of the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), which appears as an appendix to the report, has been submitted for the formal adherence by governments according to their respective constitutional procedures. It provides that the Interim Commission shall convene the first conference of the permanent body at a suitable date after 20 governments have formally accepted the Constitution.

    The Interim Commission estimates that the FAO will need a budget of $5,000,000 a year for the first 5 years but that one-half of this amount will suffice for the first year. It is provided that the United States will furnish 25 percent of the first year's budget, the United Kingdom 15 percent, the U.S.S.R. 8 percent, China 6.5 percent, and other countries smaller proportions down to 0.05 percent.

    The permanent eat of the Organization is to be decided by the FAO itself. Meanwhile, unless the Conference decides otherwise, the temporary seat is to be in Washington, D.C.

    Committee C recommends projects and other current activities of the Interim Commission, pending the establishment of the permanent organization.

    The Interim Commission has established liaison with war and relief agencies; has initiated factual surveys of a few representative countries and areas; and, with the cooperation of special committees of experts from member countries, is preparing reports on urgent agricultural and nutrition problems, including those pertaining to forestry and fisheries

    The publication, Final Act and Section Reports of the United Nations Conference on Food and Agriculture, contains the complete

    --179--

    text of recommendations and resolutions under which the Interim Commission functions. The Interim Commission's First Report to the Governments of the United Nations was released to the public on August 23, 1944.

    Approved.

    Howard S. Piquet
    Executive Secretary


    United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration

    1344 Connecticut Avenue NW.
    DEcatur 7300

    Member Governments
    Australia Ethiopia Nicaragua
    Belgium France Norway
    Bolivia Greece Panama
    Brazil Guatemala Paraguay
    Canada Haiti Peru
    Chile Honduras Philippines
    China Iceland Poland
    Colombia India Union of South Africa
    Costa Rica Iran Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
    Cuba Iraq United Kingdom
    Czechoslovakia Liberia United States
    Dominican Republic Luxembourg Uruguay
    Ecuador Mexico Venezuela
    Egypt Netherlands Yugoslavia
    El Salvador New Zealand  
    Officers of the First Session of the Council
    Chairman Dean Acheson (Member of the Council for the United States of America
    Vice Chairmen Sir Owen Dixon (Member of the Council for Australia
    Rafael de la Colina (Member of the Council for Mexico)
    P.A. Kerstens (Member of the COuncil for the Netherlands)
    Officers of the Second Session of the Council
    Chairman L.B. Pearson (Member of the Council for Canada)
    Vice Chairmen Christian Valensi (Member of the Council for France)
    C. de Freitas Valle (Member of the Council for Brazil)
    V.S. Hurban (Member of the Council for Czechoslovakia

    --180--

    Officials
    (Headquarters Office, 1344 Connecticut Avenue NW., Washington D.C.)
    Director General Herbert H. Lehman (United States)
    Senior Deputy Director General Comdr. R.G.A. Jackson
    Deputy Director General (in charge of Bureau of Finance and Administration) John J. Corson (United States)
    Deputy Director General (in charge of Bureau of Supply) Roy F. Hendrickson (United States)
    Deputy Director General (in charge of Regional Liaison) Hugh R. Jackson (United States)
    Deputy Director General (in charge of the Secretariat) P.W. Kuo (China)
    Director of Displaced Persons Division Fred K. Hoehler (United States)
    Director of Welfare Division Mary Craig McGeachy (Canada)
    Director of Health Division Dr. Wilbur A. Sawyer (United States)
    General Counsel Abraham H. Feller (United States)
    Director of Public Information Morse Salisbury (United States)
    Diplomatic Adviser Francis B. Sayre (United States)
    Financial Adviser Mleczyslaw Sokolowski (Poland)
    Treasurer, Bureau of Finance and Administration Kenneth Dayton (United States)
    Chief of the Committee Division of the Secretariat Eugene S. Serveev (U.S.S.R.)
    European Regional Office
    (11 Portland Place, London, W. 1, England)
    Deputy Director General (for Administration and Finance) Sir Frederick Leith-Ross (United Kingdom)
    Deputy Director General (for Supply) Nicolai I. Feonov (U.S.S.R.)
    Deputy Director General (for Operations) Edward E. Rhatigan (U.S.)
    Executive Secretary of the Administrative Council George S. Mooney (Canada)
    Field Offices
    Chief of Mission (Cairo, Egypt) Sir William Matthews (United Kingdom)
    Representative of the Director General (at Supreme Allied Headquarters, Mediterranean Theater, now located in Algiers) R.L. Cochran (United States)


    Creation and Authority.--The United National Relief and Rehabilitation Administration is an international agency, created on November 89, 1943, through the signing of an Agreement at the White House by the United Nations and other nations associated with them in the war.

    --181--

    Purpose.--The Administration was created with a view to giving effect to the determination of the United Nations and other other nations associated with them in the war that, as stated in the preamble of the Agreement, "immediately upon the liberation of any area by the armed forces of the United Nations or as a consequence of retreat of the enemy the population thereof shall receive aid and relief from their sufferings, food, clothing and shelter, aid in the prevention of pestilence and in the recovery of the health of the people, and that preparation and arrangements shall be made for the return of prisoners and exiles to their homes and for assistance in the resumption of urgently needed agricultural and industrial production and the restoration of essential services."

    Organization.--The Administration is composed of (1) a Council, consisting of one member from each nation signatory to the Agreement, which meets in regular session at least twice a year; (2) a Central Committee, consisting of the members for China, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom, and the United States, which makes emergency policy decision between sessions of the Council; and (3) an administrative staff under a Director General, who has full power and authority to carry out relief operations within the limits of the broad policies determined by the Council or Central Committee. There are in addition a number of standing committees of the Council on which member governments are represented. These committees, consisting of a Committee for Europe, a Committee for the Far East, and Committee on Supplies, and Committee on Financial Control, and Standing Technical Committees on Agriculture, Displaced Persons, Health, Industrial Rehabilitation, and Welfare, make recommendations and give advice as to policy to the Council, the Central Committee, and the Director General.

    The headquarters office is in Washington, D.C. A regional office for Europe is located in London, and field missions will b e established in liberated areas from time to time as operations expand. There is no regional office as yet in the Far East, although a Southwest Pacific area office has just been established in Sydney, Australia, and a China area office in Chungking.

    Funds.--The operating funds of the organization are contributed by the member nations which have not been invaded by the enemy. The Council has recommended as a basis for the contribution of such nations one percent of their national income for the year ending June 30, 1943. Administrative expenses, on the other hand, are shared by all member nations, according to allotments made by the Council.

    Activities.--The Administration seeks to insure to the peoples in areas liberated from the enemy the provision of the following:

    Relief supplies of essential consumer goods to meet immediate needs, such as food, fuel, clothing, shelter, and medical supplies.

    Relief services such as health and welfare; assistance in caring for, and maintaining records of, persons found in any areas under the control of any of the United nations who by reason of war have been displaced from their homes, and in agreement with the appropriate governments, military authorities, or other agencies, in securing their repatriation or return; and such technical services as may be necessary for these purposes.

    --182--

    Rehabilitation supplies and services--materials (such as seeds, fertilizers, raw materials, fishing equipment, machinery, and spare parts) needed to enable a recipient country to produce and transport relief supplies for its own and other liberated areas, and such technical services as may be necessary for these purposes.

    Rehabilitation of public utilities and services so far as they can be repaired or restored to meet immediate needs, such as light, water, sanitation, power, transport, temporary storage, communications, and assistance in procuring material equipment for the rehabilitation of educational institutions.

    Approved.

    Herbert H. Lehman
    Director General


    United Nations Information Organization

    610 Fifth Avenue, New York, 20, N.Y., CIrcle 5-8060;
    2841 McGill Terrace NW., Washington 8, D.C. DEcatur 6565

    Countries Represented on Controlling Board
    Australia Great Britain Norway
    Belgium Greece The Philippines
    Canada India Poland
    China Luxembourg South Africa
    Czechoslovakia The Netherlands United States of America
    Denmark New Zealand Yugoslavia
    France    
     
    U.S. Chairman   Arthur Sweetser
    (Associate Chairmen are elected in succession from the members of the Controlling Board and hold office for 3-month periods.)
    Office Staff
    Secretary General Bryant Mumford
    Associate Secretary General Robert Valeur
    Deputy Secretary General (also in charge of Films and Exhibitions) George Janecek
    Deputy Secretary General (in charge of Washington Office) James Orrick
    Press Officer Samuel Boal
    Broadcasting Officer John Macdonell
    Documentary Division Olav Paus Grunt
    Librarian Jose Meyer
    Personnel and Finance Arthur Gagliotti


    Creation and Authority.--The United Nations Information Organization, membership of which is open to all United Nations, operated under the names United Nations Information Board and Office since Novembers 1942 and acquired a formal constitution and authority by virtue of a resolution, dated January 1, 1945, signed by representatives of the appropriate government department of the countries listed above. The organization grew, however, out of an Inter-Allied

    --183--

    Information Committee and its Office, which were created in September 1940. Representatives of 19 nations now site on the Board, which controls and finances the United Nations information Organization, and a limited international secretariat working for common interests in the field of information. There is an associated parallel organization in London, England.

    Activities.--The United Nations Information Organization provides a clearing house for information on the United Nations, individually and collectively. For this purpose close cooperation has been established both with national information services and with other United Nations organizations. Inquiries regarding individual member nations are referred to the information service of the country concerned, but information about joint activities and matters of joint interest are dealt with by the Organization itself. The Organization acts as a service agency for representatives of newspapers and periodicals, authors, moving picture and radio organizations, and the public generally. It maintains a reference library dealing with matters which concern the United Nations, including a special section for information on post-war planning. it receives regularly and indexes by subject approximately 325 current periodicals, bulletins, releases, reports, and cables. From time to time it issues press releases, information papers, and joint statements on matters of common interest to the United Nations; such releases and statements are often issued simultaneously with the parallel agency in London or in cooperation with other United Nations bodies.

    Approved.

    Bryant Mumford
    Secretary General

    --184--

    Table of Contents


    Footnotes

    1. U.S. Commercial Company, Rubber Development Corporation, Petroleum Reserves Corporation, and the Export-Import Bank of Washington.

    2. The establishment of this Corporation was announced by the Secretary of Commerce on February 20, 1943.

    3. Succeeded by War Production Board.

    4. Second Deficiency Appropriation Act, approved July 12, 1943 (57 Stat. 539) provided for the liquidation of National Youth Administration.

    5. Reports through Chairman of the War Production Board.

    6. 39 Broadway, New York 6, N.Y.


    Transcribed and formatted for HTML by Patrick Clancey, HyperWar Foundation