http://www.attra.org/attra-pub/perma.html -- ------------------------------------------------------------------ Support your local organic market farmer, buy products with Sustainably Grown, Natural, Ecological or Biointensive labelling http://sunsite.unc.edu/london/vfm/ VIRTUAL FARMERS' MARKET http://sunSITE.unc.edu/london InterGarden london@sunSITE.unc.edu llondon@bellsouth.net ------------------------------------------------------------------Title: Introduction to Permaculture: Concepts and Resources - Alternative Farming Systems
Introduction
to Permaculture:
Concepts
and Resources
Alternative Farming Systems |
Appropriate
Technology Transfer for Rural Areas (ATTRA)
Index
Introduction
The word "permaculture" was coined in 1978 by Bill Mollison, an Australian
ecologist, and one of his students, David Holmgren. It is a contraction
of "permanent agriculture" or "permanent culture."
Permaculture is about designing ecological human habitats and food production
systems. It is a land use and community building movement which strives
for the harmonious integration of human dwellings, microclimate, annual
and perennial plants, animals, soils, and water into stable, productive
communities. The focus is not on these elements themselves, but rather
on the relationships created among them by the way we place them in the
landscape. This synergy is further enhanced by mimicking patterns found
in nature.
A central theme in permaculture is the design of ecological landscapes
that produce food. Emphasis is placed on multi-use plants, cultural practices
such as sheet mulching and trellising, and the integration of animals to
recycle nutrients and graze weeds.
However, permaculture entails much more than just food production. Energy-efficient
buildings, waste water treatment, recycling, and land stewardship in general
are other important components of permaculture. More recently, permaculture
has expanded its purview to include economic and social structures that
support the evolution and development of more permanent communities, such
as co-housing projects and eco-villages. As such, permaculture design concepts
are applicable to urban as well as rural settings, and are appropriate
for single households as well as whole farms and villages.
"Integrated farming" and "ecological engineering" are terms sometimes
used to describe perma-culture, with "cultivated ecology" perhaps coming
the closest. Though helpful, these terms alone do not capture the holistic
nature of permaculture; thus, the following definitions are included here
to provide additional insight.
Permaculture Defined
Permaculture is a design system for creating sustainable human environments.
Permaculture: the use of ecology as the basis for designing integrated
systems of food production, housing, appropriate technology, and community
development. Permaculture is built upon an ethic of caring for the earth
and interacting with the environment in mutually beneficial ways.
Permaculture (PERMAnent agriCULTURE or PERMAnent CULTURE) is a sustainable
design system stressing the harmonious interrelationship of humans, plants,
animals and the Earth.
To paraphrase the founder of permaculture, designer Bill Mollison:
Permaculture principles focus on thoughtful designs for small-scale
intensive systems which are labor efficient and which use biological resources
instead of fossil fuels. Designs stress ecological connections and closed
energy and material loops. The core of permaculture is design and the working
relationships and connections between all things. Each component in a system
performs multiple functions, and each function is supported by many elements.
Key to efficient design is observation and replication of natural ecosystems,
where designers maximize diversity with polycultures, stress efficient
energy planning for houses and settlement, using and accelerating natural
plant succession, and increasing the highly productive "edge-zones" within
the system.
Permaculture is: the design of land use systems that are sustainable
and environmentally sound; the design of culturally appropriate systems
which lead to social stability; a design system characterized by an integrated
application of ecological principles in land use; an international movement
for land use planning and design; an ethical system stressing positivism
and cooperation.
In the broadest sense, permaculture refers to land use systems which
promote stability in society, utilize resources in a sustainable way and
preserve wildlife habitat and the genetic diversity of wild and domestic
plants and animals. It is a synthesis of ecology and geography, of observation
and design. Permaculture involves ethics of earth care because the sustainable
use of land cannot be separated from life-styles and philosophical issues.
Permaculture is a practical concept which can be applied in the city,
on the farm, and in the wilderness. Its principles empower people to establish
highly productive environments providing for food, energy, shelter, and
other material and non-material needs, including economic. Carefully observing
natural patterns characteristic of a particular site, the permaculture
designer gradually discerns optimal methods for integrating water catchment,
human shelter, and energy systems with tree crops, edible and useful perennial
plants, domestic and wild animals and aquaculture.
Permaculture adopts techniques and principles from ecology, appropriate
technology, sustainable agriculture, and the wisdom of indigenous peoples.
The ethical basis of permaculture rests upon care of the earth-maintaining
a system in which all life can thrive. This includes human access to resources
and provisions, but not the accumulation of wealth, power, or land beyond
their needs. Characteristics of Permaculture†
†Source: Pilarski, Michael (ed.) 1994. Restoration Forestry. Kivaki Press,
Durango, CO. p. 450.
The Practical Application of Permaculture
Permaculture is not limited to plant and animal agriculture, but also
includes community planning and development, use of appropriate technologies
(coupled with an adjustment of life-style), and adoption of concepts and
philosophies that are both earth-based and people-centered, such as bioregionalism.
Many of the appropriate technologies advocated by permaculturists are
well known. Among these are solar and wind power, composting toilets, solar
greenhouses, energy efficient housing, and solar food cooking and drying.
Due to the inherent sustainability of perennial cropping systems, permaculture
places a heavy emphasis on tree crops. Systems that integrate annual and
perennial crops-such as alley cropping and agroforestry-take advantage
of "the edge effect," increase biological diversity, and offer other characteristics
missing in mono- culture systems. Thus, multicropping systems that blend
woody perennials and annuals hold promise as viable techniques for large-scale
farming. Ecological methods of production for any specific crop or farming
system (e.g., soil building practices, biological pest control, composting)
are central to permaculture as well as to sustainable agriculture in general.
Since permaculture is not a production system, per se, but rather a
land use and community planning philosophy, it is not limited to a specific
method of production. Furthermore, as perma-culture principles may be adapted
to farms or villages worldwide, it is site specific and there-fore amenable
to locally adapted techniques of production.
As an example, standard organic farming and gardening techniques utilizing
cover crops, green manures, crop rotation, and mulches are empha-sized
in permacultural systems. However, there are many other options and technologies
avail-able to sustainable farmers working within a permacultural framework
(e.g., chisel plows, no-till implements, spading implements, compost turners,
rotational grazing). The decision as to which "system" is employed is site-specific
and management dependent.
Farming systems and techniques commonly associated with permaculture
include agro- forestry, swales, contour plantings, Keyline agriculture
(soil and water management), hedgerows and windbreaks, and integrated farming
systems such as pond-dike aquaculture, aquaponics, intercropping, and polyculture.
Gardening and recycling methods common to permaculture include edible
landscaping, keyhole gardening, companion planting, trellising, sheet mulching,
chicken tractors, solar greenhouses, spiral herb gardens, swales, and vermicomposting.
Water collection, management, and re-use systems like Keyline, greywater,
rain catchment, constructed wetlands, aquaponics (the integra-tion of hydroponics
with recirculating aquaculture), and solar aquatic ponds (also known as
Living Machines) play an important role in permaculture designs.
The Ethics of Permaculture
Permaculture is unique among alternative farming systems (e.g., organic,
sustainable, eco-agriculture, biodynamic) in that it works with a set of
ethics that suggest we think and act responsibly in relation
to each other and the earth.
The ethics of permaculture provide a sense of place in the larger scheme
of things, and serve as a guidepost to right livelihood in concert with
the global community and the environment, rather than individualism and
indifference.
...includes all living and non-living things–plants, animals, land, water
and air
...promotes self-reliance and community responsibility–access to resources
necessary for existence
...gives away surplus–contribution of surplus time, labor, money, information,
and energy to achieve the aims of earth and people care. Permaculture also acknowledges a basic life ethic, which recognizes
the intrinsic worth of every living thing. A tree has value in itself,
even if it presents no commercial value to humans. That the tree is alive
and functioning is worthwhile. It is doing its part in nature: recycling
litter, producing oxygen, sequestering carbon dioxide, sheltering animals,
building soils, and so on.
The Principles of Permaculture Design
Whereas permaculture ethics are more akin to broad moral values or codes
of behavior, the principles of permaculture provide a set of universally
applicable guidelines which can be used in designing sustainable habitats.
Distilled from multiple disciplines–ecology, energy conservation, landscape
design, and environmental science–these principles are inherent in any
permaculture design, in any climate, and at any scale.
Permaculture Resources
Four ways to learn about permaculture include: the permaculture design
course, the permaculture literature, the Internet, and permaculture workshops.
The Permaculture Design Course is the primary vehicle for transfer
of permaculture expertise. The standard course is 72 hours in length and
lasts two weeks. Graduates are issued a permaculture design certificate
and are entitled to use the term "Permaculture" in the pursuit of livelihood
and for educational purposes.
The permaculture literature is a rich source of information on
a wide range of topics dealing with land use, plant and animal agriculture,
water management, appropriate technology, energy-efficient and toxic-free
housing, and community design.
Since 1995, the Internet (e.g., World Wide Web and E-mail) has
become an important resource and networking tool in the dissemination of
permaculture information. A selection of web sites is listed below.
Permaculture workshops are commonly held as one- to three-day
events to provide training on technologies such as vermicomposting, solar
greenhouses, straw bale construction, sheet mulching, and organic gardening.
The Permaculture Activist
Yankee Permaculture, Elfin Permaculture, and Forest Ecosystem Rescue Network
(FERN)
The Resources of International Permaculture - TRIP. Volume
5 of TRIP, published in 1993, is a 68-page issue that contains 1,540 listings
of groups working in permaculture, sustainable food systems, and tree-based
agriculture. Current up-to-date listings are available on diskette.
The International Permaculture Solutions Journal (TIPS) and
Permaculture Review, Overview and Digest (PROD) are published on
a sporadical basis. TIPS and PROD feature permaculture articles, book reviews,
and resources.
The International Permaculture Species Yearbook (TIPSY). Prior
to TIPS, Yankee Permaculture put out a fantastic yearbook called TIPSY.
The TIPSY series is a goldmine featuring plant species lists, articles,
and resource listings.
Robin newsletter is a publication of FERN that deals with
forest issues. Restoration Forestry
Agroforestry Guide to Hawaii: A Resource Guide Directory to Reforestation,
Restoration, Forestry, Agroforestry, Permaculture & Sustainable Agriculture
in the Hawaiian Islands (1997) is a 187-page directory with over 800
references. Cost is $22, plus $3.30 postage & handling.
Other publications from Friends of the Trees include the International
Green Front Report (1988, $7.00); Kiwifruit Enthusiasts Journal
(Vol. 6, $17.20); and Third World Resource Guide (1993, $5.00) and
the West Coast Permaculture News & Gossip newsletter.
Travelers Earth Repair Network (TERN) is a database maintained by
Friends of the Trees containing over 2,500 permaculture contacts in 100-plus
countries. The aim is to link travelers with individuals and organizations
involved in sustainable agriculture, forestry, permaculture, and ecological
restoration. The fee to access the TERN database is $50. Hosts are listed
free of charge. Permaculture Drylands Journal
Dry Country News
Earthword Journal
The Bay Area Permculture Guild
Temperate Bamboo Quarterly
Permaculture Resources
The Future is Abundant
Permaculture International Journal
The Permaculture Edge
International Permaculture Institute
Permaculture Magazine UK: Ecological Solutions for Everyday Life
Earth Repair Catalog - Permanent Publications (UK)
GroundCover
The Organic Farming Sourcebook. 1996.
However, European colonialism and Green Revolution technology has
wreaked havoc on natural farming methods in India, and the Sourcebook documents
and supports the efforts of the emerging organic farming and permaculture
movements in India. Highly recommended. A Resource Guide of Organizations Promoting Organic Farming in East
Africa Region. 1995.
Books on Permaculture
Introduction to Permaculture by Bill Mollison and Reny Mia Slay.
1991. Tagari Publishers, Tyalgum, Australia. 198 p.
Permaculture One: A Perennial Agriculture for Human Settlements,
3rd ed (Reprint of 1978 ed) by Bill Mollison and David Holmgren. 1987.
Tagari Publishers, Tyalgum, New South Wales, Australia.
Permaculture Two: A Practical Design for Town and Country in Permanent
Agriculture by Bill Mollison. 1979. Tagari Press, Stanley, Australia.
150 p.
Permaculture: A Designer's Manual by Bill Mollison. 1988. Tagari
Publications, Tyalgum, Australia. 576 p.
The Best of Permaculture by Max O. Lindegger and Robert Tap.
1986. Nascimanere Publishers, Nambour, Australia. 136 p.
The Permaculture Way: Practical Ways to Create a Self-Sustaining
World by Graham Bell. 1992. Thorsons, London. 239 p.
The Permaculture Garden by Graham Bell. 1994. Thorsons, London.
170 p.
Urban Permaculture by David Watkins. 1993. Permanent Publications,
U.K. 152 p.
Permaculture in a Nutshell by Patrick Whitefield. 1993. Permanent
Publications, U.K. 75 p.
Earth User's Guide to Permaculture by Rosemary Morrow and Rob
Allsop. 1994. Kangaroo Press, Kenthurst, NSW Australia. 152 p.
Getting Started in Permaculture by Ross and Jennifer Mars. 1995.
Candlelight Trust, Hovea, Western Australia. 60 p.
A Few Good Books for the Permaculturist's Bookshelf
Cornucopia: A Source Book of Edible Plants by Stephen Facciola.
1990. Kampong Publications, Vista, CA. 678 p.
Designing & Maintaining Your Edible Landscape Naturally by
Robert Kourick. 1986. Metamorphic Press, Santa Rosa, CA. 370 p.
Tree Crops: A Permanent Agriculture by J. Russell Smith. 1987.
Island Press, Washington, D.C. 408 p.
The Permaculture Book of Ferment & Human Nutrition by Bill
Mollison. 1993. Tagari Publications, Tyalgum, Australia. 288 p.
Books & Proceedings on Agroforestry
Temperature Agroforestry Systems, edited by Andrew M. Gordon
and Steven M. Newman. 1997. CAB International, New York, NY. 269 p.
Building a Sustainable Future: Proceedings of the 4th North American
Agroforestry Conference edited by John H. Ehrenreich, Dixie L. Ehrenreich,
and Harry W. Lee. 1996. Held July 1995 in Boise, Idaho. College of Forestry,
Wildlife, and Range Stations, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID. 200 p.
Dr. John Ehrenreich
Opportunities for Agroforestry in the Temperate Zone Worldwide edited
by Richard C. Schultz, and Joe P.Calletti. 1994. Proceedings of the Third
North American Temperate Agroforestry Conference. Held August 1993 in Ames,
Iowa.
Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems: Symposium Proceedings edited
by W.J. Rietveld. 1995. Held August 7-10, 1994 in Fort Collins, Colorado.
General Technical Report RM-GTR-261. USDA-Forest Service, Rocky Mountain
Forest and Range Experiment Station. 276 p.
Agroforestry Today
Association for Temperate Agroforestry (AFTA)
The National Agroforestry Center
Permaculture E-Mail Discussion Groups & Web Links
Permaculture Mailing List on University of North Carolina listserv
To subscribe, send email to "listserv@oit.unc.edu"
Permaculture Mailing List on EnviroLink listserv
To subscribe, send email to "listproc@envirolink.org"
Central (California) Coast Permaculture Guild Mailing List
To subscribe, send email to "majordomo@rain.seattleantioch.edu"
Permaculture Mailing List in Western Australia
To subscribe, send email to "listserv@eepo.com.au"
Permaculture Forum at Permaculture the Earth
Permaculture Archives at Sunsite
Permaculture Archives at Communications for a Sustainable Future
The Future is Abundant
A Permaculture Primer
Permaculture: Using Eco-Logical Design to Feed Ourselves
Permaculture
Permaculture: Design For Living
WWF Permaculture Fact Sheet (South Africa)
Building A Bamboo Farm: Using Permaculture Principles in Bamboo Agroforestry
On-line articles on Permaculture the Earth
Sixth International Permaculture Conference & Convergence Perth &
Bridgetown, Western Australia September 27 to October 7, 1996
Introduction to Permaculture and The Terrible Time of Day
InterGarden: Organic Gardening & Permaculture Information at U.N.C.
Permaculture Resources
Permaculture Guide at Communications for a Sustainable Future
Permaculture and Sustainable Living & Livelihood at CSF
International Institute for Ecological Agriculture
Bay Area Permaculture Guild
Permaculture Institute of Northern California
Central Valley Permaculture Group (California State University Stanislaus)
Cross Timbers Permaculture Institute in Texas
Friends of the Trees
Permaculture Drylands Institute
The Permaculture Activist - Zine Site
Dry Country News
Permaculture at Heathcote Intentional Community
Permaculture Community Action Worknet (Toronto, Canada)
Ecology and Permaculture Network of Mexico
La'akea Permaculture Gardens
Animal Farm Permaculture Center
Dreamtime Village Permaculture Hyper-Media
Pecos River Farms Permaculture Research Center
The Archimedes Project: Living Systems Design Group
Permaculture the Earth
Pedro's Permaculture Pointers
Permaculture International Journal (Australia)
International Permaculture Institute (Australia)
Permaculture Global Assistance Network (Australia)
Permaculture in Western Australia
Permaculture Visions - International'Correspondence Course (Australia)
Permaculture Visions - International Correspondence Course (Australia)
Correspondence Course on Permaculture (Australia)
Far South Coast Permaculture (Australia)
Permaculture on Carmela's Home Page
The Jarlanbah Permaculture Hamlet
Eco-Logical Solutions, Ltd.
Sixth International Permaculture Conference & Convergence Perth &
Bridgetown, Western Australia September 27 to October 7, 1996
Earthlink- Australia's Environmentally Friendly Directory (formerly Green
Pages)
British Permaculture Magazine/Permanent Publications Web Site
PermaWeb in Great Britain
Permaculture Association (Britain)
Permaculture on "Mind•Body•Spirit" Web Page (South Africa)
Permaculture Fact Sheet (South Africa)
Permaculture Japan Suite
Permakultur Austria
Permakultur@2012.org (Germany)
Green Agriculture Under Blue Skies (Spain)
Plants for a Future On-Line
Atcros On Internet - The World Wide Web version of the Australasian Tree
Crops Sourcebook
The Vetiver Grass Network
The American Bamboo Society
The Duckweed Clearinghouse
Keyline Design - Water for Every Farm
Alternative Technology Association (ATA)
The Solar Cooking Archive
Sustainable Building Sourcebook
Aquaponics - Integration of Hydroponics with Aquaculture
Ocean Arks International Home Page
Integrated Biosystems
Fish Polyculture Used in Wastewater Treatment
Institute for Bioregional Studies
EcoVillage Information Service
Intentional Communities on the Web
The Farm EcoVillage Training Center
Crystal Waters Permaculture Village
Arcosanti (Arizona)
Auroville (India)
Center of Excellence for Sustainable Development
Sustainable Architecture Building & Culture
Sustainable Earth Electronic Library
The Temperate Agroforestry Homepage
The Association for Temperate Agroforestry (AFTA)
National Agroforestry Center
The Agroforestry Concept
Agroforestry for Farms & Ranches - Agroforestry Technical Note No.
1
Agroforestry Articles & Resources in Rodale's International Ag-Sieve
Urban and Community Forestry Resource Materials Guide
Agroforestry Research Trust
Forests, Trees and People Programme & Network
International Union of Forestry Research Organizations
Afforestation in South Africa
ICRAF - International Center for Research in Agroforestry
Holistic Management
About this Publication
Introduction to Permaculture: Concepts and Resources is a revised
and updated version of The Permaculture FAQ, which was originally
published by the author on the World Wide Web in 1995 with locations at:
A permaculture design course graduate, the author is a technical specialist
in horticulture and agronomy at the Appropriate Technology Transfer for
Rural Areas (ATTRA) program, the national sustainable farming information
center located at the University of Arkansas.
The focus of the ATTRA program is on farming systems that enhance the
economic livelihoods of farm families while sustaining the environment.
ATTRA provides resources and technical assistance to commercial farmers,
including small farmers and market gardeners, in the United States. Accordingly, the
focus of this publication in on permaculture in the temperate U.S. with
some emphasis on broad-scale application such as agroforestry and bio-integrated
production systems.
Please send updates or additions by e-mail to: steved@ncatark.uark.edu
Prepared by Steve Diver
The ATTRA Project is operated by the National Center for Appropriate
Technology under a grant from the Rural Business - Cooperative Service,
U.S. Department of Agriculture. These organizations do not recommend or
endorse products, companies, or individuals. ATTRA is located in the Ozark
Mountains on the University of Arkansas campus in Fayetteville, at PO Box
3657, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72702. ATTRA staff prefer to receive requests
for information about sustainable agriculture via the toll-free number
800-346-9140.
P.O.
Box 3657
Fayetteville,
AR 72702
Phone:
1-800-346-9140 --- FAX: (501) 442-9842
Introduction to permaculture
Permaculture defined
Characteristics of permaculture
The practical application of permaculture
The ethics of permaculture
The principles of permaculture design
Permaculture resources
A few good books for the permaculturist's bookshelf
Permaculture e-mail discussion groups &
web links
About this publication (formerly The Permaculture
FAQ)
Box 1209
Black Mountain, NC 28711
(704) 298-2812
Editor: Peter Bane
Cost: $19, quarterly
http://kumo.swcp.com/xines/
The Permaculture Activist is the leading periodical for North
American permaculture. It publishes articles on permaculture, edible landscaping,
bioregionalism, aquaculture, etc, and provides a current listing of upcoming
permaculture design courses. It serves as an important networking tool
in the U.S., Canada, and Central America. Back issues are available.
P.O. Box 52
Sparr, FL 32192
Editor: Dan Hemenway
Email: YankeePerm@aol.com,
and Elfpermact@aol.com
Cost: $27.50 for four issues
http://csf.colorado.edu/perma/ypc_catalog.html
Yankee permaculture carries a number of publications on permaculture
specific to North America. Past issues of Dan Hemenway's publications are
still used in permaculture courses and as reference guides. A complete
listing of articles, information sheets, and publications is available
at the website listed above.
Friends of the Trees
P. O. Box 4469
Bellingham, WA 98227
(360) 738-4972
(360) 671-9668 Fax
Editor: Michael Pilarski
http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/4663/
Restoration Forestry: An International Guide to Sustainable Forestry
Practices (1994) is a 525-page guide to resources in restoration forestry.
It contains over 50 review articles, 780 organizations, 230 journals and
periodicals, 800 books, 100 restoration forestry projects underway, and
100 directories on topics relating to Restoration forestry, forest ecology,
tree seedlings, bioregionalism, and permaculture. It is a massive addition
to tree-based agricultural literature. Cost is $27, plus $4 postage &
handling.
Permaculture Drylands Institute
P.O. Box 156
Santa Fe, NM 87504-0156
(505) 983-0663
Cost: $25, 3 issues per year
http://members.aol.com/pdrylands/PDIhome1.htm
Permaculture Drylands Journal (formerly Sustain- able Living
in Drylands) is published in April, August, and December by the Permaculture
Drylands Educa- tion and Research Institute. It focuses on permaculture
concepts and designs for arid lands, with a heavy focus on New Mexico and
Arizona. PDJ has published articles on straw bale buildings, solar box
cookers, dryland farming, and many other topics of interest; back issues
are available. PDI offers a regular series of Permaculture Design Courses.
Box 23-J
Radium Springs, NM 88054
Cost: $10, 4 issues per year
http://www.zianet.com/drynews/
Dry Country News is devoted to Earth-based, low- impact living
in the American Southwest. Whether you call it homesteading, permaculture,
or sustainable living, Dry Country News is packed with information
of interest to desert dwellers everywhere. Topics covered include alternative
construction methods (straw bale, cob, adobe, etc.), gardening in a difficult
desert climate, solar energy techniques and applications, desert herbs
for food and medicine, sustainable irrigation methods (rainwater catchments,
drip, pitcher) and more.
Eos Institute
580 Broadway, Suite 200
Laguna Beach, CA 92651
(714) 497-1896
Cost: $20, 4 issues
Earthword Journal is a glossy permaculture magazine published
collaboratively by Eos Institute and the permaculture Institute of Southern
California. It explores the ecological interface between urban and rural
communities and is geared to the professional designer, architect, and
land-use planner.
Bay Area Permaculture Group
P.O. Box 9606
San Rafael, CA 94901
Email: bapg@slip.net
http://www.nbn.com/~bapg/
Cost: $20, 4 issues per year
The Bay Area Permculture Guild is a newsletter for he emerging
grassroots movement of Permaculture in the San Francisco Bay Area and surrounding
Shasta Bio- region. The newsletter is published four times a year in the
cross quarter months: February, May, August, and November. Contents include
events, sites, teachers, books, and permaculture strategies.
Earth Advocates Research Facility
30 Myers Road
Summertown, TN 38483
(615) 964-4151
Cost: $24, quarterly
http://www.gaia.org/farm/businesses/bamboo
/tbq.html
Temperate Bamboo Quarterly is a quarterly publication from
Earth Advocates, a permaculture team run by Sue and Adam Turtle. It focuses
on the bamboo plant which has unique, multi-purpose uses. They also operate
a nursery with dozens of bamboo species.
P.O. Box 65
56 Farmersville Rd
Califon, N.J. 07830
(800) 832-6285
http://www.jump.net/users/perma/
Educational publisher and distributor of permaculture resources
and publications.
http://csf.colorado.edu/perma/tilth/
First published in 1982 by Tilth, The Future is Abundant
is a classic resource book on permaculture at the bioregional level. Though
long out-of-print, it is now available on the Internet.
Permaculture International Ltd.
P.O. Box PG6039
South Lismore, NSW 2480
Australia
Phone: (066) 220 020
International: (066) 220 579
Cost: U.S. $24, quarterly (available in the U.S. through The Permaculture
Activist)
http://nornet.nor.com.au/environment/perma/
PIJ serves as the leading periodical for permaculture worldwide.
It contains articles, book reviews, and news of permacultural events around
the world. It serves as an important networking tool. Back issues to the
early 1980s are available.
Permaculture Nambour, Inc.
P.O. Box 148
Inglewood 6050
Western Australia
Cost: U.S. $20, quarterly (available in the U.S. through The Permaculture
Activist)
The Permaculture Edge aims to report activities that are
seen to be at the cutting edge of permaculture developments around the
world. The "permaculture edge" refers to the "edge effect" found at the
boundaries of two ecological systems where there is more synergism, biological
activity, and variations in the microenvironment and which can be used
to increase yields in designed systems. It also points to permaculture
ideas as being "at the edge" of a change in the push towards a sustainable
future.
P.O. Box 1
Tyalgum, NSW 2484
Australia
Phone: (066) 793 442
perminst@peg.apc.org
The International Permaculture Institute in Tyalgum, Australia,
serves as the international coordinating organization for permaculture
activities such as permaculture design accreditation.
Permanent Publications
Hyden House Limited
Little Hyden Lane
Clandfield, Hampshire PO8 ORU
England
Cost: U.S. $24, quarterly (available in the U.S. through The Permaculture
Activist)
Email: permaculture@gn.apc.org
http://www.gaia.org/permaculture
A quarterly journal published in cooperation with the Permaculture
Association of Great Britain. It contains articles, book reviews, and solutions
from Britain and Europe. A good source for temperate agroforestry species
and permaculture design projects.
http://www.permaculture.co.uk/
A project of Permanent Publications in Great Britain, publisher
of Permaculture Magazine UK. The Earth Repair Catalog is a wide
selection of books, videos, and resources on permaculture topics: organic
gardening; biodynamics; agroforestry; farming; aquaculture; animals; ecological
architecture & sustainable building technology; human-scale economy
& development; community & groups; and energy saving products.
Permaculture Association of Zimbabwe
Box CY 301
Causeway, Harare
Zimbabwe
Telephone/Fax: (+4) 726911
Cost: U.S. $30, per year
The Other India Press
Above Mapusa Clinic
Mapusa 403 507 Goa
India
Fax: 91-832-263305
The Organic Farming Sourcebook, a resource-rich 338-page
guidebook that provides a dynamic treatment of organic agriculture in India,
with up-to-date articles, resources, contacts, and suppliers. In modern
India, 70% of its 900 million inhabitants still depend on agriculture as
a livelihood. These farmers draw upon four thousand years of sustainable
farming experience.
Kenya Institute of Organic Farming
P.O. Box 34972
Nairobi, Kenya
Tel: (254-2) 732-487
Fax (254-2) 581-178
Email: kiof@elci.gn.apc.org.
A Resource Guide of Organizations Promoting Organic Farming in
East Africa Region is a 116-page resource guide edited by John Kanyuiro,
Kihia and John Wanjau Njoroge. It provides names, contact information and
brief descriptions of organizations working to promote, research or support
organic agriculture in East Africa. Contact Kenya Institute of Organic
Farming for price and ordering information.
127 p.
This is a landmark book on agroforestry for temperate regions. Chapters
include agforestry practices in North America, New Zealand, Australia,
China, and Europe. Read this book for working examples of permaculture
on a broad-scale.
Topics covered in the proceedings include: agro- forestry potential,
biology of temperate agro-forestry systems, economics of agroforestry,
temperate agroforestry cropping systems, riparian buffer strips, silvopastoral
systems, alley cropping and inter-cropping, and windbreaks and shelterbelts.
Cost is $40, checks payable to University of Idaho:
College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Range Stations, University of Idaho
Moscow, ID 83844-1135
Tel: 208-885-7600
Fax: 208-885-5878
Email: dixie@uidaho.edu
Order from:
Department of Forestry
251 Bessey Hall
Iowa State University
Ames, IA 50011-1021
515-294-1166Topics in the proceedings include: riparian buffer systems, soil
bioengineering-the use of dormant woody planting for slope protection,
windbreak systems, living snowfences, trees and pasture, agroforestry and
wildlife, status of agroforestry in 5 agroclimatic regions of the U.S.,
agroforestry-enhanced biodiversity, & conservation trees.
ICRAF Subscriptions
P.O. Box 46
Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 4TS
England
$40/4 issues per year
Agroforestry Today is a quarterly magazine that carries reports
from around the world on farming systems that focus on the integration
of trees, crops, and livestock, and the people who raise them. It is one
of the leading voices for agro-forestry worldwide. While the content deals
mostly with sub-tropical and tropical agro-forestry, much of the information
has universal applications (e.g., mycorrhizae, on-farm research methods,
soil-plant interactions, tree establishment methods, etc.)
School of Natural Resources
1-30 Agricultural Hall
University of Missouri
Columbia, MO 65211
http://www.missouri.edu/~afta/
http://gis.umn.edu/~hperry/agroforestry.html
$25/year membership fee includes subscription to The Temperate
Agroforester, quarterly newsletter.
Rocky Mountain and Range Experiment Station
University of Nebraska - East Campus
Lincoln, NE 68583-0822
402-437-5178
http://www.unl.edu/nac/
Publishes InsideAgroforestry newsletter, provides technical
assistance to landowners on windbreaks and agroforestry, sponsors research,
distributes literature.
permaculture@listserv.oit.unc.edu (post articles to this address)
type: SUBSCRIBE PERMACULTURE YOUR NAME in the body of the messagepermaculture@envirolink.org (post articles to this address)
type: SUBSCRIBE PERMACULTURE YOUR NAME in the body of the messageccpg@rain.seattleantioch.edu (post articles to this address)
type: SUBSCRIBE CCPGperma@eepo.com.au (post articles to this address)
type: SUBSCRIBE PERMA YOUR NAME in the body of message
by Sego Jackson. Originally published in IN CONTEXT #8, Winter 1984.
by Bill Mollison. Originally published in IN CONTEXT #28, Spring 1991
by Simon Henderson. One of several on-line articles at Permaculture
the Earth
by Andrew Jeeves and Bill Mollison. Pamphlet I in the Permaculture
Design Course Series. Published by Yankee Permaculture
http://sunsite.unc.edu/london/permaculture.html
http://sunsite.unc.edu/london/The_Sustainable_Farmstead.html
Email: perminst@peg.apc.org
http://2012.org/permakultur/
(German version)
http://2012.org/permakultur/indexe.html
(English version)
by Oleg Daugovish. Stensund Wastewater Treatment at Stensund,Trosa,
Sweden
ATTRA Technical Specialist
Revised May 1998