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[SANET-MG] taking up transgenes through the nose
The article below shows a simple way to transfect DNA by treating the
airway with water to produce hypo tonic shock followed by uptake of
plasmid DNA. Such observations may be significant relative to the
exposure to dust and debris from the leaves and roots of pharm crops
bearing human genes such as those for anticoagulants and immune
suppressing genes. Inhaling following a rainfall might readily transfer
the human genes to the cells of the airway with untoward consequences.
Very little concern has been expressed about the human exposure to the
debris of pharm crops.
Gene Ther. 2005 Aug;12(16):1275-82
Mechanism of efficient transfection of the nasal airway epithelium by
hypotonic shock.
Lemoine JL, Farley R, Huang L.
The main barrier to gene transfer in the airway epithelium is the low
rate of apical endocytosis limiting naked DNA uptake. Deionized water is
known to stimulate the exocytosis of numerous intracellular vesicles
during hypotonic cell swelling, in order to expand plasma membrane and
prevent cell lysis. This is followed by the phase of regulatory volume
decrease (RVD), during which the excess plasma membrane is retrieved by
intensive endocytosis. Here we show that the more hypotonic the DNA
solution, the higher the transfection of the nasal tissue. P2 receptors
are known to be involved in RVD and we demonstrate that some P2 agonists
and a P2 antagonist impair transfection in a time-dependent manner. Our
study strongly suggests that the nasal airway epithelial cells take up
plasmid DNA in deionized water during RVD, within approximately half an
hour. Our simple gene delivery system may constitute a promising method
for respiratory tract gene therapy.Gene Therapy (2005) 12, 1275-1282.
doi:10.1038/sj.gt.3302548; published online 12 May 2005.
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