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Re: [SANET-MG] GM Crops (roundup/frogs)
Hi Michael,
I disagree with your comments on glyphosate surfactant and amphibian
decline. The publications indicated that glyphosate was the main problem
while the surfactan contributed to a lesser degree:
* Relyea, Rick A., Schoeppner, Nancy M., Hoverman, Jason T. 2005:
*PESTICIDES AND AMPHIBIANS: THE IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNITY CONTEXT.*
/Ecological Applications/: Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 1125–1134.
[Abstract
<http://www.esajournals.org/esaonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=1051-0761&volume=015&issue=04&page=1125>]
[Full-text Article
<http://www.esajournals.org/esaonline/?request=get-document&issn=1051-0761&volume=015&issue=04&page=1125>]
[Print Version
<http://www.esajournals.org/pdfserv/i1051-0761-015-04-1125.pdf>]
* Relyea, Rick A. 2005: *THE LETHAL IMPACT OF ROUNDUP ON AQUATIC AND
TERRESTRIAL AMPHIBIANS.* /Ecological Applications/: Vol. 15, No.
4, pp. 1118–1124.
[Abstract
<http://www.esajournals.org/esaonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=1051-0761&volume=015&issue=04&page=1118>]
[Full-text Article
<http://www.esajournals.org/esaonline/?request=get-document&issn=1051-0761&volume=015&issue=04&page=1118>]
[Print Version
<http://www.esajournals.org/pdfserv/i1051-0761-015-04-1118.pdf>]
* Relyea, Rick A. 2005: *THE IMPACT OF INSECTICIDES AND HERBICIDES
ON THE BIODIVERSITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF AQUATIC COMMUNITIES.*
/Ecological Applications/: Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 618–627.
[Abstract
<http://www.esajournals.org/esaonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=1051-0761&volume=015&issue=02&page=0618>]
[Full-text Article
<http://www.esajournals.org/esaonline/?request=get-document&issn=1051-0761&volume=015&issue=02&page=0618>]
[Print Version
<http://www.esajournals.org/pdfserv/i1051-0761-015-02-0618.pdf>] I
aslso included a list of aquatic glyphosate formulations.
* sincerely,Joe
Aquatic Herbicides
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/plants/management/aqua028.html
* Glyphosate - (Trade names for aquatic products with glyphosate as
the active ingredient include: Rodeo®, AquaMaster®, and AquaPro®). This
systemic broad spectrum herbicide is used to control floating-leaved
plants like water lilies and shoreline plants like purple loosestrife.
It is generally applied as a liquid to the leaves. Glyphosate does not
work on underwater plants such as Eurasian watermilfoil. Although
glyphosate is a broad spectrum, non-selective herbicide, a good
applicator can somewhat selectively remove targeted plants by focusing
the spray only on the plants to be removed. Plants can take several
weeks to die and a repeat application is often necessary to remove
plants that were missed during the first application.
Michael Elvin wrote:
Maybe this link (from the GardenWeb forum) can help clear up the
confusion surrounding RoundUp and amphibian declines in rice paddy:
<< Previous research had found that the ingredient lethal to
amphibians in Roundup was not the herbicide itself, glyphosate, but
rather the surfactant, or detergent, that allows the herbicide to
penetrate the waxy surfaces of plants. In Roundup, that surfactant is
a chemical called polyehtoxylated tallowamine. The problem really
comes from improper application and/or choice of products for the
given area. Roundup is not a labeled product for use over water or in
wetland areas because of one of the ingredients in it (not the
Glyphosate) is damaging to aquatic life. Rodeo is the Glyphosate
product labeled for use over water. Many people misuse herbicides
without reading the label.
In a limited way, Roundup could be safely applied in areas known to
contain amphibians if it were applied with either a brush or wick
applicator. A mist application is typically the real culprit. Once
again … READ THE LABEL. Improper use typically yields unintended
consequences. >>
Also
<< I would also add that studies where Roundup has been used to
control plants in various habitats that contain populations of
amphibians, such as forestland and riparian areas, have not shown
negative impacts on these animals. It is clear that surfactants, such
as those in detergents, soaps and Roundup are not appropriate for
direct application to water, but it is equally clear that labeled use
of Roundup in non-aquatic sites is not a cause for concern regarding
amphibians. The primary problem with this study is the very misleading
press release and comments from the author that purported that the
study results were totally unexpected. Nothing could be further from
the truth. The toxicity of surfactants, including Roundup's
surfactant, to aquatic organisms is well known and has been well
documented for many years. There is no reason to discontinue labeled
use of Roundup in restoration work. The link Penn State sums it up
very well. >>
http://forums.gardenweb.com/forums/load/natives/msg0812580527444.html
The wisdom I glean from this thread is that (a) when using any kind of
death in a bottle, follow label instructions and also read the
literature. And (b) if there is a potential for misuse, the product
WILL be misused by others-- and likely on a massive scale.
PS I like the tip about vinegar.
&NBSP;
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