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[SANET-MG] fat people caused by virus
A fat vaccine seems like a good way to deal with world hunger. Cutting 
back overeating should lead to food surplus?
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 290: R190-R194, 2006. First 
published September 15, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00479.2005
APPETITE, OBESITY, DIGESTION, AND METABOLISM
Adipogenic potential of multiple human adenoviruses in vivo and in vitro 
in animals
Leah D. Whigham,1 Barbara A. Israel,2 and Richard L. Atkinson1
Departments of 1Medicine and Nutritional Sciences and 2Pathobiological 
Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
Submitted 7 July 2005 ; accepted in final form 30 August 2005
Human adenovirus-36 (Ad-36) increases adiposity in chickens, mice, and 
nonhuman primates and is associated with human obesity. Ad-36 
paradoxically reduces serum cholesterol and triglycerides in animal 
models. Ad-36 increases adipocyte differentiation and triglyceride 
accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells in vitro. This study evaluated whether 
three other human adenoviruses increase adiposity in chickens and in 
3T3-L1 cells in vitro. We inoculated chickens with human Ad-2, Ad-31, 
Ad-37, or media at age 3 wk. Food intake and weights were recorded for 
3.5 wk, and then chickens were killed and visceral fat, body 
composition, serum lipids, and viral antibody status were determined. 
Visceral fat and total body fat were significantly elevated (P < 0.001) 
in the Ad-37 group compared with all other groups. Final body weights 
were higher in chickens inoculated with Ad-37 compared with Ad-2, but 
not significantly higher than in control or Ad-31 groups. Food intake 
did not differ among groups. Serum cholesterol was elevated in Ad-37 
chickens compared with control (P < 0.01) but was not affected by other 
viruses. Triglycerides were reduced in Ad-37 chickens (P < 0.0001) but 
were not affected by other viruses. In 3T3-L1 cells in vitro, Ad-31, 
Ad-36, and Ad-37, but not Ad-2, increased adipocyte differentiation and 
triglycerides accumulation. In summary, Ad-37 is another human 
adenovirus that increases adiposity and reduces serum triglycerides in 
an animal model. However, the response of serum cholesterol is opposite 
that of Ad-36. Evaluation of other human adenoviruses to determine their 
effects on adiposity and serum lipids is warranted, but in vitro assays 
may not be definitive for this purpose.
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