Dissertation Information for Maura Phillips MackowskiNAME:
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SCHOOL: ADVISORS: COMMITTEE MEMBERS: MPACT Status: Fully Complete Title: Human factors: Aerospace medicine and the origins of manned space flight in the United States Abstract: The period between 1934 and 1959 was one of maturation and evolution for aviation medicine, growth initiated and orchestrated largely by Army flight surgeon Harry Armstrong and Luftwaffe laboratory director Hubertus Strughold. It was carried out at the Army's School of Aviation Medicine, Armstrong's lab at Wright Field, and at several German institutes. World War II was pivotal because of advances in aircraft design and enormous increases in military flying personnel. Extreme altitudes and speeds of new aircraft created formidable challenges: oxygen deprivation, severe cold, flak, windblast, toxic exposures, and high-altitude bailout. It was also the germination period for manned space flight, demonstrated in America's postwar acquisition of German V-2 missiles (and their designers); rocket-powered aircraft and jets; and under Project Paperclip, the world's leading aviation medicine researchers. Physicists used V-2s to investigate the fringes of space, missile specialists designed a launch system, and an integrated medical team evaluated the space environment and planned means to make it survivable. |
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