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Dissertation Information for Czerne M. Reid

NAME:
- Czerne M. Reid

DEGREE:
- Ph.D.

DISCIPLINE:
- Chemistry

SCHOOL:
- Emory University (USA) (2003)

ADVISORS:
- Barry P. Ryan

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
- Vincent P. Conticello
- Myron J. Kaufman
- Kermit K. Murray

MPACT Status: Fully Complete

Title: Assessment of exposure to selected criteria pollutants for two sensitive population cohorts in Atlanta, Georgia

Abstract: The gases ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide are known respiratory irritants and are associated with various health effects including pulmonary function decrements, increased hospitalization for respiratory causes, and mortality. Epidemiological studies--which rely on data from stationary ambient monitoring sites--have also shown consistent associations between particulate matter and adverse health outcomes including cardiovascular effects. Scientific uncertainties remain, however, regarding the quantitative relationships between stationary site measurements of particulate matter and criteria gas concentrations, and actual breathing-zone exposures. To assess the potential for confounding by gaseous copollutants, of observed associations between PM 2.5 and adverse health effects, a longitudinal exposure assessment panel study was conducted among two groups of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or who suffered a recent myocardial infarction. During fall 1999 and spring 2000, personal, indoor, and outdoor, microenvironmental pollutant levels, activity patterns, and home air exchange rates were monitored. Ambient pollutant data were obtained from stationary monitoring sites. Good precision and accuracy was obtained for all pollutants except SO 2 which was present in very low concentrations. Personal gas exposures were generally lower than outdoor concentrations but personal particulate matter exposures were sometimes higher than outdoor concentrations, possibly because of indoor sources. Seasonal concentration differences appeared to be more significant than cohort differences although activity patterns were significantly different between cohorts. Home ventilation rates were not significantly different between cohorts or seasons. PM 2.5 and NO 2 personal exposures were more strongly correlated with indoor than with outdoor concentrations. In mixed model regression analyses, both ambient PM 2.5 and ambient gas concentrations were found to be significantly associated with personal PM 2.5 . With a few exceptions ambient PM 2.5 were also significantly associated with ambient gas concentrations. Ambient gas concentrations were often but not consistently significantly associated with personal gas exposures. Personal gas and personal PM 2.5 exposures were generally not significantly associated with each other except in the case of NO 2 . Overall, the results indicate that both ambient gas and ambient PM 2.5 concentrations may act as surrogates of personal PM 2.5 exposures, but the findings are not enough to confirm or refute a confounding effect on PM 2.5 health effects by its copollutant gases.

MPACT Scores for Czerne M. Reid

A = 0
C = 0
A+C = 0
T = 0
G = 0
W = 0
TD = 0
TA = 0
calculated 2008-03-22 22:59:48

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