1940

JANUARY 3

DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Interviewing Date 12/24-29/39

Survey # 180-A Question #11a

Asked of Democrats: Whom would you like to see nominated by the Democratic party for President in 1940?

Roosevelt........................... 78%

Garner............................. 13

McNutt............................ 4

Hull............................... 2

Murphy............................ 1

Farley.............................. 1

Others............................. 1

Twenty-five per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 12/24-29/39

Survey #180-A Question #11b

Asked of Democrats: If Franklin Roosevelt is not a candidate, whom would you like to see nominated?

Garner............................. 58%

McNutt... ............... 17

Hull............................... 8

Parley.............................. 5

Others................. 12

Fifty-two per cent expressed no opinion.

JANUARY 5

DIES COMMITTEE

Interviewing Date 12/24-29/39

Survey #180-A Question #3a

Question #3a

Have you heard or read about the Dies Committee?

Yes.....74%

No ....... 26

Interviewing Date 12/24-29/39

Survey #180-A Question #3b

Asked of those who responded in the affirmative: Which of the following do you consider more important for the Dies Committee to investigate — Communist activities in this country, or Nazi activities in this country?

Communist activities................. 70%

Nazi activities....................... 30

Twenty-five per cent expressed no opinion.

JANUARY 7

REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Interviewing Date 11/17-22/39

Survey #177-A Question #9c

Asked of Republicans: Whom would youlike to see the Republican party nominatefor President this year?

Dewey............................. 60%

Vandenberg........................16

Taft................................ 11

Hoover............................. 5

James..............................1

Lodge.............................. 1

Bricker............................. 1

Borah.......................... 1

Landon............................ 1

Others.............................3

Thirty-seven per cent expressed no opinion.

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 199

By Age

Naming Dewey

21-29 Years........................72%

30-49 Years........................ 61

50 Years and over................... 53

JANUARY 12

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT

Interviewing Date 12/24-29/39

Survey #180-A Question #13c

In general, do you approve or disapprove today of Franklin Roosevelt as President?

Approve.......................... 63.5%

Disapprove........................ 36.5

Interviewing Date 12/15-20/39

Survey #179-A Question #11

If President Roosevelt runs for a third term will you vote for him?

Yes................................46%

No................................ 54

By Political Affiliation

Yes No

Democrats.................... 79% 21%

Republicans.......7 93

JANUARY 12

VIEWS OF LEADING AMERICAN WRITERS

Special Survey

Asked of American writers by the Gallup Poll in collaboration with The Saturday Review of Literature.

Do you think the United States will go into war in Europe or do you think we will stay out of the war?

200 THE GALLUP POLL

Go in..............................31%

Stay out............................69

Twenty-four per cent expressed no opinion.

Do you think the United States should declare war on Germany and send our army and navy abroad to fight?

Yes................................ 6%

No..............................94

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

What party would you like to see win the presidential election in 1940?

Democratic.........................70%

Republican.........................30

Twenty-two per cent expressed no opinion.

In general do you approve or disapprove of Franklin Roosevelt as President?

Approve............................ 69%

Disapprove.........................31

Seven per cent expressed no opinion.

If President Roosevelt runs for a third term will you vote for him?

Yes................................ 53%

No................................47

Thirteen per cent expressed no opinion.

Do you think Congress should provide money to continue the Dies Committee another year?

Yes................................43%

No................................ 57

Five per cent expressed no opinion.

Do you think the Wagner Labor Act should be revised, repealed, or left unchanged?

Revised............................57%

Repealed.......................9

Left unchanged......................34

Sixteen per cent expressed no opinion.

Which country or countries do you considerresponsible for the present war?

Germany........................... 54%

England and France................. 3

Both sides.......................... 19

All countries........................ 8

Versailles Treaty..................... 5

Others............................. 8

No opinion......................... 3

About how long do you think the war in Europe will last?

Less than one year................... 10%

One year........................... 13

Two years.......................... 31

Three years......................... 12

Four years.......................... 6

Five years or more................... 28

Fifty-one per cent expressed no opinion.

Which side do you think will win?

England and France.................59%

Germany........................... 1

An agreement will be reached......... 14

Russia............................. 5

Qualified answers.................... 4

No opinion......................... 17

Whom would you like to see elected President in 1940?

By Political Affiliation

Democrats

Roosevelt........................... 74%

Hull............................... 8

Byrd............................... 5

Murphy............................ 5

Douglas............................ 2

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 201

Lehman............................ 2

Wheeler............................ 1

Eleanor Roosevelt................... 1

Wallace............................ 1

McNutt............................ 1

Twenty-seven per cent expressed no opinion.

Republicans

Dewey............................. 50%

Vandenberg......................... 20

Hoover............................. 14

Taft................................ 10

J.P. Morgan........................ 3

Stone.............................. 3

Thirty-two per cent expressed no opinion.

Third Parties

Thomas............................40%

La Guardia......................... 20

Others............................. 40

Forty-eight per cent expressed no opinion.

For which presidential candidate did you vote in 1936?

Roosevelt........................... 66%

Landon............................25

Lemke............................. 1

Thomas............................ 6

Browder............................ 2

Fourteen per cent did not vote.

JANUARY 14 PARTY AFFILIATION

Interviewing Date 12/24-29/39

Survey #180-A Question #2

In politics do you consider yourself a Democrat, Independent, Socialist, or Republican?

Democrat...........................42%

Republican......................... 38

Independent.........................

Socialist, other......................

Four per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region New England

Democrat...........................27%

Republican......................... 43

Independent........................ 28

Socialist, other......................2

Middle Atlantic

Democrat........................... 39%

Republican......................... 41

Independent........................ 19

Socialist, other...................... 1

East Central

Democrat........................... 38%

Republican.........................42

Independent........................ 20

Socialist, other...................... *

West Central

Democrat........................... 38%

Republican......................... 42

Independent........................ 19

Socialist, other...................... 1

South

Democrat........................... 70%

Republican........................ 20

Independent........................ 10

Socialist, other...................... *

West

Democrat........................... 45%

Republican......................... 34

Independent........................ 20

Socialist, other...................... 1

*Less than 1%.

202 THE GALLUP POLL

By Occupation

Professional

Democrat........................... 29%

Republican.........................44

Independent........................25

Socialist, other...................... 2

Businessmen

Democrat........................... 29%

Republican......................... 48

Independent........................ 22

Socialist, other...................... 1

Skilled

Democrat........................... 44%

Republican......................... 36

Independent........................ 19

Socialist, other...................... 1

Semiskilled

Democrat.......... .................47%

Republican......................... 33

Independent........................ 18

Socialist, other...................... 2

White Collar

Democrat...........................40%

Republican......................... 36

Independent........................22

Socialist, other...................... 2

Farmers

Democrat...........................49%

Republican.........................38

Independent........................ 12

Socialist, other...................... 1

Farmers Outside South Only

Democrat........................... 40%

Republican.........................45

Independent........................ 14

Socialist, other...................... 1

JANUARY 19 PARTY STRENGTH

Interviewing Date 12/24-29/39

Survey #180-A Question #12

Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Democratic.........................54%

Republican.........................46

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 203

JANUARY 22

PARTY STRENGTH

Interviewing Date 12/24-29/39

Survey #180-A Question #12

Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Middle Atlantic States Only

Democratic......................... 52%

Republican.........................48

East Central States Only

Democratic......................... 48%

Republican......................... 52

Sixteen per cent expressed no opinion.

JANUARY 26

LENGTH OF WAR

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: For how long do you think the war will continue?

One year or less..................... 30%

One to two years.................... 25

Three years or more................. 30

No opinion......................... 15

204 THE GALLUP POLL

JANUARY 26

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S POPULARITY

Interviewing Date 1/13-18/40

Survey #181-K Question #11c

In general, do you approve or disapprove today of Franklin Roosevelt as President?

Approve..........................63.5%

Disapprove........................ 36.5

JANUARY 28 WORLD PEACE

Interviewing Date 1/12-17/40

Survey #181-K Question #2a

Have you given any thought to what should be done to maintain world peace after the present European war is over?

Yes................................ 34%

No................................ 66

Interviewing Date 1/12-17/40

Survey #181-K Question #2b

Asked of those who replied in the affirmative: In your opinion, what should be done?

The following are listed according to frequency of mention:

Some sort of international organization in which the member nations would surrender a few of their claims to national sovereignty.

Some kind of political, economic or moral reform within nations themselves or among all nations.

Complete disarmament.

A new attempt to create a World Court.

JANUARY 29

THE DRAFT

Interviewing Date 1/12-17/40

Survey #181-K Question #3

Should the Constitution be changed to require a national vote before Congress could draft men for service overseas?

Yes................................60%

No................................40

Five per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Yes No

New England.................60% 40%

Middle Atlantic............... 60 40

East Central.................. 62 38

West Central................63 37

South........................ 50 50

West......................... 59 41

JANUARY 31

GREAT BRITAIN

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: If you had the choice between Mr. Chamberlain and Mr. Churchill, which would you have as Prime Minister?

Chamberlain........................ 52%

Churchill........................... 30

No opinion......................... 18

Are you in favor of the blackout being made less strict?

Yes................................ 75%

No................................ 23

No opinion......................... 2

Asked of those who responded in the affirmative: Would you still be in favor of making the blackout less strict if it increased the risk of an air attack?

Yes................................ 37%

No................................50

No opinion......................... 13

Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the Government's conduct of the war?

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 205

Satisfied............................ 61%

Dissatisfied.....................18

Stop the war........................ 11

No opinion......................... 10

For how long do you think the war will continue?

One year or less...................... 30%

One to two years.................... 25

Three years or more................. 30

No opinion......................... 15

FEBRUARY 2

POLITICS

Interviewing Date 12/15-20/39

Survey #179-A Question #11

Asked of labor union members: If President Roosevelt runs for a third term, will you vote for him?

Yes................................ 59%

No................................ 41

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

Would you like to see the Royal Air Force bomb enemy military objectives, even if it means that the Germans would bomb England in return?

Yes................................ 52%

No................................41

No opinion......................... 7

Do you think the Government's decision to compel parents to pay something for the upkeep of evacuated children is fair or unfair?

Fair................................ 76%

Unfair............................. 18

No opinion......................... 6

Should the evacuation of children be compulsory?

Yes................................43%

No................................ 46

No opinion......................... 11

Do you think the Government's food rationing scheme is necessary or unnecessary?

Necessary........... ................60%

Unnecessary........................ 28

No opinion......................... 12

Interviewing Date 1/22-27/40

Survey #182-T Question #8

Asked of labor union members: Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Democratic......................... 66%

Republican......................... 34

Eighteen per cent expressed no opinion.

206 THE GALLUP POLL

Interviewing Date 1/21-26/40

Survey #182-K Question #3b

Asked of those who had an understanding of the term: Do you think Congress should give Secretary Hull the power to make more such treaties?

Yes................................ 57%

No................................43

Approximately 50% had no opinion.

FEBRUARY 5

POLITICS

Interviewing Date 12/22-27/39

Survey #182-T Question #8

Asked of Negro voters: Which party would you like to see win the presidential election in November?

Democratic.........................66%

Republican......................... 34

Interviewing Date 12/22-27/39

Survey #182-T Question #9

Asked of Negro voters: In general, do you approve or disapprove of Franklin Roosevelt as President?

Approve............................ 82%

Disapprove......................... 18

FEBRUARY 7

FINLAND

Interviewing Date 1/21-26/40

Survey #182-K Question #2a

Some members of Congress favor our Government lending Finland money to buy farm products and other non-military supplies in this country. Others say this might get us into war. Do you think the Government should lend money to Finland?

Yes................................ 58%

No................................42

Nine per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 1/21-26/40

Survey #182-K Question #2b

Asked of those who responded in the affirmative: Would you favor the United States lending money to Finland for airplanes, arms, and other war materials?

Yes................................ 39%

No................................61

FEBRUARY 9

BRITISH AID TO FINLAND

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: Do you approve or disapprove of Britain sending arms to help Finland?

Approve............................74%

Disapprove......................... 18

No opinion......................... 8

Would you approve or disapprove of sending British troops to help Finland?

Approve............................ 33%

Disapprove......................... 50

No opinion......................... 17

FEBRUARY 11 REPUBLICAN PARTY

Interviewing Date 1/21-26/40

Survey #182-K Question #10a

Asked of Republicans: Would you like to see the Republican party be more liberal or more conservative than it was in the 1936 presidential campaign?

More liberal........................59%

More conservative................... 17

About the same.....................24

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 207

Interviewing Date 1/21-26/40

Survey #182-K Question #10b

Asked of Republicans: Do you think the Republican party has a better chance or a worse chance of winning this year's election if it nominates a liberal candidate and adopts a liberal program?

Better chance.......................77%

Worse chance....................... 10

No difference................... 13

FEBRUARY 12

REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Interviewing Date 2/1-6/40

Survey #183-K Question #9a

Asked of Republicans: Whom would you like to see the Republican party nominate for President this year?

Dewey............................. 56%

Vandenberg......................... 17

Taft................................ 17

Hoover............................. 3

Others............................. 7

Thirty-six per cent expressed no opinion.

FEBRUARY 14

JAPAN

Interviewing Date 1/22-27/40

Survey #182-T Question #4

Do you think our Government should forbid the sale of arms, airplanes, gasoline, and other war materials to Japan?

Yes................................ 75%

No................................ 25

Six per cent expressed no opinion.

FEBRUARY 16

NEUTRALITY

Interviewing Date 2/2-7/40

Survey #183-K Question #1a

Do you think the United States will go into the war in Europe, or do you think we will stay out of the war?

Go into war........................ 32%

Stay out............................ 68

Interviewing Date 2/2-7/40

Survey #183-K Question #1b

Asked of those who responded that we will stay out: Why do you think the United States will stay out of the European war?

The following are the three chief reasons:

The people are overwhelmingly against war and would not stand for American participation.

The United States learned its lesson in the last war.

The nation would have everything to lose and nothing to gain.

FEBRUARY 18

DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Interviewing Date 2/8-13/40

Survey #184-K Question #10a

Asked of Democrats: Whom would you like to see nominated by the Democratic party for President this year?

Roosevelt........................... 78%

Garner............................. 10

Hull............................... 6

McNutt............................. 2

Wheeler............................ 1

Farley.............................. 1

Others............................. 2

Twenty per cent expressed no opinion.

208 THE GALLUP POLL

Interviewing Date 2/8-13/40

Survey #184-K Question #10b

Asked of Democrats: If Franklin Roosevelt is not a candidate, whom would you like to see nominated?

Garner............................. 40%

Hull............................... 25

McNutt......................... 11

Farley.............................. 8

Wheeler............................ 4

La Guardia......................... 3

Jackson............................ 1

Murphy............................ 1

Others............................. 7

Fifty per cent expressed no opinion.

By Income

Upper

Hull............................... 34%

Garner............................. 30

McNutt............................ 12

Wheeler............................ 8

Farley.............................. 5

La Guardia......................... 2

Jackson............................ 1

Others............................. 8

Middle

Garner............................. 37%

Hull............................... 29

McNutt............................ 11

Farley.............................. 7

Wheeler............................ 4

La Guardia......................... 3

Jackson............................ 1

Others............................. 8

Lower

Garner............................. 48%

Hull............................... 17

McNutt............................. 10

Farley.............................. 10

Wheeler............................ 4

La Guardia......................... 3

Jackson............................ 2

Others............................. 6

FEBRUARY 19

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT

Interviewing Date 2/2-7/40

Survey #183-K Question #9a

Do you think President Roosevelt will run for a third term?

Yes................................ 52%

No................................48

Eighteen per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Yes No

Democrats.................... 57% 43%

Republicans................... 47 53

40%

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 209

Interviewing Date 2/2-7/40

Survey #183-K Question #9b

Do you think President Roosevelt will be reelected if he runs for a third term?

Yes................................ 60%

No.................................40

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Yes No

Democrats.................... 80% 20%

Republicans................... 33 67

FEBRUARY 19

FEDERAL BUDGET

Interviewing Date 212-7/40

Survey #183-K Question #8a

President Roosevelt proposes an increase of 28% (about one-fourth) in spending for national defense. Do you approve or disapprove of this increase?

Approve............................ 79%

Disapprove......................... 21

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Approve Disapprove

Democrats............. 85% 15%

Republicans............ 72 28

By Income

Upper................. 75% 25%

Middle................ 78 22

Lower................. 83 17

210 THE GALLUP POLL

FEBRUARY 21

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 2/2-7/40

Survey #183-K Question #6

If it appears that Germany is defeating England and France, should the United States declare war on Germany and send our army and navy to Europe to fight?

Yes................................23%

No................................ 77

Seven per cent expressed no opinion.

FEBRUARY 23 THE BUDGET

Interviewing Date 2/2-7/40

Survey #183-K Question #3b

Which political party do you think is more likely to balance the Federal Government's budget in the next four years—the Republican or the Democratic?

Republican.........................42%

Democratic.........................23

Neither............................. 35

Sixteen per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation Democrats

Republican......................... 15%

Democratic.........................41

Neither.............................44

Republicans

Republican.........................75%

Democratic........................ 4

Neither............................. 21

MARCH 1

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S POPULARITY

Interviewing Date 2/8-13/40

Survey #184-K Question 12d

In general, do you approve or disapprove of Franklin Roosevelt as President?

Approve............................ 64%

Disapprove......................... 36

MARCH 3 PARTY STRENGTH

Interviewing Date 2/8-13/40

Survey #184-K Question #11

Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 211

Democratic.........................55%

Republican.........................45

Sixteen per cent expressed no opinion.

By Income

Democratic Republican

Upper............... 36% 64%

Middle.............. 51 49

Lower............... 69 31

By Region

New England........ 45% 55%

Middle Atlantic...... 53 47

East Central......... 49 51

West Central......... 51 49

South............... 75 25

West................ 59 41

MARCH 4 EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 2/8-13/40

Survey #184-K Question #3

If looked as though England and France would lose the war unless we loaned them money to buy war supplies here, would you favor or oppose lending them money?

Favor.............................. 55%

Oppose.............................45

MARCH 10

PEACE IN EUROPE

Interviewing Date 2/22-27/40

Survey #185-K Question #6a

If Hitler offers to make peace this spring, do you think England and France should meet with the Germans and try to end the war?

Yes................................ 75%

No................................ 25

Interviewing Date 2/22-27/40

Survey #185-K Question #5a

Do you think now is the right time for the leading nations of the world to have a conference to try to settle Europe's problems and end the war between Germany and England and France?

Yes................................ 58%

No................................ 42

Interviewing Date 2/22-27/40

Survey #185-K Question #5b

If such a conference is held, should the United States take part in it?

Yes................................ 55%

No................................ 45

212 THE GALLUP POLL

Interviewing Date 2/22-27/40

Survey #185-K Question #6b

If peace could be reached by letting Germany keep Czechoslovakia, would you favor this?

Yes................................ 38%

No................................ 62

Interviewing Date 2/22-27/40

Survey #185-T Question #6b

If peace could be reached by letting Germany keep Poland, would you favor this?

Yes................................ 30%

No................................70

Approximately 9% had no opinion on the above questions.

MARCH 11

FINLAND

Interviewing Date 2/8-13/40

Survey #184-K Question #4

Would you approve or disapprove of letting Finland raise money for her war against Russia by selling bonds to Americans?

Approve............................73%

Disapprove.........................27

By Political Affiliation

Approve Disapprove

Democrats............. 72% 28%

Republicans........... 75 25

MARCH 13 THIRD TERM

Interviewing Date 12/15-20/39

Survey #179-A Question #11

If President Roosevelt is a candidate for a third term, will you vote for him?

Yes................................ 47%

No................................ 53

MARCH 13

BRITISH AID FOR SWEDEN

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: If Sweden is attacked by Russia, would you approve or disapprove of Britain's sending arms and war materials to help her?

Approve............................ 51%

Disapprove......................... 31

No opinion......................... 18

Would you favor sending troops to help Sweden if Russia attacks her?

Yes..........................33%

No................................47

No opinion......................... 20

MARCH 15

PARTY STRENGTH

Special Survey

Asked in New York State: Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Democratic......................... 53%

Republican.........................47

New York City Only

Democratic......................... 69%

Republican......................... 31

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 213

MARCH 18

ELEANOR ROOSEVELT

Interviewing Date 2/22-27/40

Survey #185-K Question #1

Do you approve or disapprove of the way Mrs. Roosevelt has conducted herself as First Lady?

Approve............................ 68%

Disapprove......................... 32

By Income

Approve Disapprove

Upper................. 56% 44%

Middle................ 68 32

Lower................. 75 25

MARCH 20

POLITICS

Special Survey

Asked in Pennsylvania: Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Democratic......................... 51%

Republican.........................49

Asked in Pennsylvania: If President Roosevelt is a candidate for a third term, will you vote for him?

Yes................................ 49%

No................................ 51

MARCH 22

POLITICS

Special Survey

Asked in California: Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Democratic......................... 58%

Republican......................... 42

214 THE GALLUP POLL

Asked in California: If President Roosevelt runs for a third term, will you vote for him?

Yes................................ 51%

No................................49

MARCH 24

REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Special Survey

Asked of Midwestern Republicans: If it came to a choice between Thomas Dewey and Arthur Vandenberg for the Republican presidential nomination, which one would you prefer?

Dewey............................. 45%

Vandenberg......................... 33

No opinion.........................22

MARCH 25

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT

Special Survey

Asked of lawyers listed in standard legal directories: If President Roosevelt runs for a third term, will you vote for him?

Yes................................ 29%

No................................71

MARCH 27

POLITICS

Special Survey

Asked in New Jersey: Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Republican.........................53%

Democratic.........................47

Asked in New Jersey: If President Roosevelt is a candidate for a third term, will you cote for him?

Yes................................46%

No................................ 54

MARCH 29

POLITICS

Special Survey

Asked in Massachusetts: Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Republican.........................54%

Democratic.........................46

Asked in Massachusetts: If President Roosevelt is a candidate for a third term, will you vote for him?

Yes.............................45%

No................................55

MARCH 31

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 3/8-13/40

Survey #186-K Question #6a

Which side do you want to see win the present war—England and France or Germany?

England and France.................. 84%

Germany........................... 1

No opinion......................... 15

APRIL 1 POLITICS

Special Survey

Asked in Iowa: Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 215

Republican......................... 54%

Democratic.........................46

Asked in Iowa: If President Roosevelt is a candidate for a third term, will you vote for him?

Yes................................40%

No................................60

Asked in Iowa: In general, do you approve or disapprove of Franklin Roosevelt as President?

Approve............................ 58%

Disapprove.........................42

APRIL 3

POLITICS

Special Survey

Asked in Michigan: Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Republican......................... 54%

Democratic......................... 46

Fourteen per cent expressed no opinion.

If President Roosevelt is a candidate for a third term, wilt you vote for him?

Yes................................ 40%

No................................ 60

Nine per cent expressed no opinion.

APRIL 5

POLITICS

Special Survey

Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Texas Only

Democratic......................... 93%

Republican......................... 7

Oklahoma Only

Democratic......................... 68%

Republican.........................32

If President Roosevelt is a candidate for a third term, will you vote for him?

Texas Only

Yes................................ 73%

No................................ 27

Oklahoma Only

Yes................................ 49%

No................................ 51

216 THE GALLUP POLL

APRIL 8

POLITICS

Special Survey

Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Oregon Only

Democratic......................... 55%

Republican.........................45

Washington Only

Democratic.........................57%

Republican.........................43

If President Roosevelt is a candidate far a third term, will you vote for him?

Oregon Only

Yes................................47%

No................................53

Washington Only

Yes...............................50%

No................................ 50

APRIL 10

POLITICS

Special Survey

Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Maryland Only

Democratic.........................62%

Republican......................... 38

West Virginia Only

Democratic.........................57%

Republican.........................43

Delaware Only

Democratic......................... 54%

Republican...............46

If President Roosevelt is a candidate for a third term, will you vote for him?

Maryland Only

Yes................................ 52%

No................................48

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 217

West Virginia Only

Yes................................ 51%

No................................ 49

Delaware Only

Yes................................ 49%

No................................ 51

APRIL 12

POLITICS

Special Survey

Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Ohio Only

Republican......................... 51%

Democratic......................... 49

Indiana Only

Democratic......................... 52%

Republican.........................48

If President Roosevelt is a candidate for a third term, will you vote for him?

Ohio Only

Yes................................ 42%

No................................ 58

Indiana Only

Yes................................ 42%

No................................ 58

APRIL 14

POLITICS

Special Survey

Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Virginia Only

Democratic......................... 72%

Republican......................... 28

Kentucky Only

Democratic.........................60%

Republican........................ 40

President Roosevelt Is a candidate for a third term, will you vote for him?

Virginia Only

Yes................................ 59%

No................................41

Kentucky Only

Yes................................ 51%

No................................ 49

APRIL 15

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 3/27-4/1/40

Survey #188-K Question #5b

If President Roosevelt runs for a third term on the Democratic ticket against Senator Vandenberg on the Republican ticket, which one would you prefer?

Roosevelt........................... 53%

Vandenberg......................... 47

Twelve per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Roosevelt Vandenberg

New England........ 52% 48%

Middle Atlantic...... 52 48

East Central......... 46 54

West Central......... 49 51

South............... 71 29

West................ 59 41

Interviewing Date 3/27-4/1/40

Survey #188-K. Question #5a

If Cordell Hull runs for President on the Democratic ticket against Senator Vandenberg on the Republican ticket, which one would you prefer?

218 THE GALLUP POLL

Hull...............................58%

Vandenberg.........................42

Eleven per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Hull Vandenberg

New England........ 59% 41%

Middle Atlantic...... 59 41

East Central......... 51 49

West Central......... 49 51

South............... 79 21

West................ 58 42

APRIL 15

BRITISH POLITICS

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: If Mr. Chamberlain were to retire, whom would you like to see succeed him as Prime Minister?

Eden............................... 28%

Churchill........................... 25

Halifax............................. 7

Attlee.............................. 6

Others.............................23

No opinion......................... 11

APRIL 17 POLITICS

Special Survey

Asked in Kansas: Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Republican.........................56%

Democratic.........................44

Thirteen per cent expressed no opinion.

If President Roosevelt is a candidate for a third term, will you vote for him?

Yes................................ 37%

No................................ 63

APRIL 19

PARTY STRENGTH

Special Survey

Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Wisconsin Only

Republican......................... 55%

Democratic,........................45

Illinois Only

Republican.......................55%

Democratic.........................45

Nebraska Only

Republican......................... 51%

Democratic.........................49

APRIL 21

PARTY STRENGTH

Interviewing Date 4/11-16/40

Survey #190-T Question #5

Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

The Democrats are out in front as the campaign gets under way, the state-by-state tabulations show. If the election were today the indications are that the Democratic party would lead in 31 of the 48 states, capturing about 317 out of a total of 531 electoral votes. But the Democratic lead in several states is so slim — notably in New York and Minnesota — that a shift of only 1% would completely alter the picture and throw a majority of electoral votes to the GOP.

APRIL 24

PARTY BEST ABLE TO KEEP PEACE

Interviewing Date 4/5-10/40

Survey #189-K Question #1a

Which political party do you think is more likely to keep us out of war — the Republican or the Democratic?

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 219

Democratic.......... ............ 35%

Republican......................... 33

No difference....................... 32

Sixteen per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Democrats

Democratic......................... 62%

Republican......................... 6

No difference........................ 32

Republicans

Democratic......................... 5%

Republican......................... 65

No difference........................ 30

APRIL 26

NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: In general, do you approve or disapprove of Mr. Chamberlain as Prime Minister?

Approve............................ 61%

Disapprove.......................... 39

Seven per cent expressed no opinion.

APRIL 28

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 3/28-4/3/40

Survey #188-T Question #1b

Should we declare war on Germany and send our armed forces abroad to fight?

Yes................................ 4%

No................................ 96

Interviewing Date 4/11-16/40

Survey #190-K Question #1c

Should the United States loan money to Norway to buy war supplies in the United States?

Yes................................ 43%

No................................ 57

Interviewing Date 4/11-16/40

Survey #190-K Question #1a

Do you think Germany was justified in marching into Denmark and Norway?

Yes................................ 7%

No................................ 93

Seven per cent expressed no opinion.

220 THE GALLUP POLL

MAY 2

POLITICS

Special Survey

Asked in Minnesota: Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Democratic......................... 51%

Republican.........................49

Asked in Minnesota: If President Roosevelt is a candidate for a third term, will you vote for him?

Yes................................42%

No................................ 58

Asked in Minnesota: In general, do you approve or disapprove of Franklin Roosevelt as President?

Approve............................65%

Disapprove......................... 35

MAY 5

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 4/19-24/40

Survey #191-K Question #8a

If President Roosevelt runs for a third term on the Democratic ticket against Senator Robert Taft on the Republican ticket, which one would you prefer?

Roosevelt...........................58%

Taft................................42

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Roosevelt Taft

New England............. 56% 44%

Middle Atlantic........... 56 44

East Central.............. 51 49

West Central.............. 57 43

South.................. 72 28

West..................... 64 36

Roosevelt Supporters in 1936 Only

Roosevelt........................... 84%

Taft................................ 16

Landon Supporters in 1936 Only

Roosevelt........................... 8%

Taft................................ 92

Interviewing Date 4/19-24/40

Survey #191-K Question #8b

If Cordell Hull runs on the Democratic ticket against Senator Robert Taft on the Republican ticket, which one would you prefer?

Hull............................... 63%

Taft............................... 37

Twenty-two per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Hull Taft

New England................. 61% 39%

Middle Atlantic.............61 39

East Central.................. 54 46

West Central.................. 62 38

South........................ 81 19

West......................... 66 34

Roosevelt Supporters in 1936 Only

Hull............................... 84%

Taft................................ 16

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 221

Landon Supporters in 1936 Only

Hull............................... 21%

Taft................................ 79

Interviewing Date 4/19-24/40

Survey #191-K Question #8c

If John Gamer runs on the Democratic ticket against Senator Robert Taft on the Republican ticket, which one would you prefer?

Garner............................. 51%

Taft................................ 49

Eighteen per cent expressed no opinion.

Roosevelt Supporters in 1936 Only

Garner............................. 74%

Taft................................ 26

Landon Supporters in 1936 Only

Garner............................. 11%

Taft................................ 89

MAY 6

PARTY STRENGTH

Interviewing Date 4/19-24/40

Survey #191-K Question #9

Which party would you like to see win the presidential election?

Democratic......................... 54%

Republican.........................46

MAY 8

REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Interviewing Date 4/25-30/40

Survey #192-K. Question #1a

Asked of Republicans: Whom would you like to see the Republican party nominate for President this year?

Dewey............................. 67%

Vandenberg......................... 14

Taft................................ 12

Willkie............................. 3

Hoover............................. 2

Others............................. 2

Twenty-eight per cent expressed no opinion.

MAY 10 NEUTRALITY

Interviewing Date 4/19-24/40

Survey #191-K Question #7

If you were voting for President, which type of candidate (on card) do you think you would be more likely to vote for: (A) A candidate who promises to keep us out of war and refuses to give any more help to England and France than we are now giving them, even if they are being defeated by Germany; or (B) A candidate who promises to keep us out of war, but who is willing to give England and France all the help they want, except sending our army and navy.

Refuses help........................ 34%

Aid except troops.................... 66

Nine per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Refuses Aid Except

Help Troops

Democrats........... 32%  68%

Republicans.......... 36 64

By Income

Upper............... 28% 72%

Middle.............. 34 66

Lower............... 37 63

MAY 12

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 5/5-10/40

Survey #193-K Question #7a

If President Roosevelt runs for a third term on the Democratic ticket against Thomas

222 THE GALLUP POLL

Dewey on the Republican ticket, which one would you prefer?

Roosevelt........................... 52%

Dewey............................. 48

Eight per cent expressed no opinion.

By Income

Roosevelt Dewey

Upper................. 31% 69%

Middle................ 48 52

Lower (including

reliefers)............. 66 34

Reliefers............... 74 26

Roosevelt Voters in 1936

Roosevelt........................... 79%

Dewey............................. 21

Landon Voters in 1936

Roosevelt........................... 5%

Dewey............................. 95

By Region

Roosevelt Dewey

New England.......... 46% 54%

Middle Atlantic........ 53 47

East Central........... 46 54

West Central........... 48 52

South................. 71 29

West.................. 55 45

Interviewing Date 5/5-10/40

Survey #193-K Question #4c

If Cordell Hull runs for President on the Democratic ticket against Thomas Dewey on the Republican ticket, which one would you prefer?

Hull............................... 51%

Dewey.............................49

Fifteen per cent expressed no opinion.

By Income

Hull Dewey

Upper................. 40% 60%

Middle................ 49 51

Lower (including reliefers)............. 59 41

Reliefers............... 65 35

Roosevelt Voters in 1936

Hull............................... 75%

Dewey............................. 25

Landon Voters in 1936

Hull............................... 12%

Dewey............................. 88

By Region

Hull Dewey

New England.......... 43% 57%

Middle Atlantic........ 49 51

East Central........... 46 54

West Central........... 49 51

South................. 75 25

West.................. 50 50

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 223

MAY 15

DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Interviewing Date 5/5-10/40

Survey #193-K Question #3b

Asked of Democrats: If Franklin Roosevelt is not a candidate, whom would you like to see the Democratic party nominate for President?

Hull............................... 47%

Garner............................. 21

Farley.............................. 16

McNutt............................ 6

Wheeler............................ 4

Jackson............................ 1

La Guardia........................1

Others............................. 4

Forty-five per cent expressed no opinion.

MAY 17

REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Interviewing Date 5/5-10/40

Survey #193-K Question #3a

Asked of Republicans: Whom would you like to see nominated by the Republican party for President this year?

Dewey............................. 62%

Taft................................ 14

Vandenberg......................... 13

Willkie............................. 5

Hoover............................. 2

Others............................. 4

Twenty-six per cent expressed no opinion. MAY 19

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 5/5-10/40

Survey #193-K Question #2a

The war between England and France and Germany has been going on for eight

months. Which side do you think is ahead so far?

Germany........................... 67%

England and France................. 8

Even............................... 13

No opinion......................... 12

Interviewing Date 5/5-10/40

Survey #193-K Question #2b

Which side do you think will win the war?

Allies.............................. 55%

Germany........................... 17

No opinion......................... 28

Interviewing Date 5/5-10/40

Survey #193-K Question #la

Do you think the United States will go into the war in Europe?

Yes................................ 51%

No................................ 49

MAY 20

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 5/5-10/40

Survey #193-K Question #3a

If Thomas Dewey runs for President on the Republican ticket against James Farley on the Democratic Ticket, which one would you prefer?

Dewey............................. 58%

Farley.............................. 42

Fifteen per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Dewey Farley

New England........ 62% 38%

Middle Atlantic...... 61 39

East Central......... 64 36

West Central......... 62 38

South............... 32 68

West................ 60 40

224 THE GALLUP POLL

MAY 22

ARMED FORCES

Interviewing Date 5/16-21/40

Survey #194-K Question #la

Do you think the United States should increase the size of its armed forces?

Yes................................90%

No................................ 10

MAY 24

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 5/16-21/40

Survey #194-K Question #6

If England and France are unable to pay cash for airplanes they buy in this country, do you think we should sell them planes on credit supplied by our Government?

Yes................................ 51%

No................................49

Six per cent expressed no opinion.

MAY 26

ARMED FORCES

Interviewing Date 5/18-23/40

Survey #195-K Question #2a

Congress has set aside two billion dollars for the army, navy, and air forces for the next 12 months. President Roosevelt has now asked Congress to increase this by another one billion dollars. Do you approve or disapprove of this increase?

Approve............................ 86%

Disapprove......................... 14

Five per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Approve Disapprove

Democrats............. 93% 7%

Republicans............ 83 17

Interviewing Date 5/18-23/40

Survey #195-K Question #2b

Would you be willing to pay a special tax to cover this increased expenditure?

Yes................................76%

No................................24

By Income

Yes No

Upper........................ 80% 20%

Middle....................... 76 24

Lower........................ 74 26

MAY 27

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

Interviewing Date 4/19-24/40

Survey #191-K Question #6a

Which possible presidential candidate (on card) do you think would handle this country's foreign affairs the best?

By Political Affiliation

Democrats

Roosevelt........................... 62%

Hull............................... 24

Garner............................. 3

Hoover............................. 3

Others............................. 8

Republicans

Hoover............................. 22%

Dewey............................. 21

Hull............................... 21

Vandenberg......................... 10

Roosevelt........................... 10

Taft................................ 9

Others............................. 7

Approximately one person in seven was undecided or without an opinion.

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 225

MAY 29

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 5/18-23/40

Survey #195-K Question #5

Do you think the United States should declare war on Germany and send our army and navy abroad to fight?

Yes................................ 7%

No................................ 93

MAY 31

REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Interviewing Date 5/18-23/40

Survey #195-K Question #12a

Asked of Republicans; Whom would you like to see elected President this year?

Dewey............................. 56%

Taft................................ 16

Vandenberg......................... 12

Willkie............................. 10

Hoover............................. 2

Others............................. 4

Thirty-two per cent expressed no opinion.

JUNE 2

NATIONAL DEFENSE

Interviewing Date 5/18-23/40

Survey #195-K Question #2

Do you think our country's army, navy, and air forces are strong enough so that the United States is safe from attack by any foreign nation?

Yes................................ 15%

No................................ 85

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 5/16-21/40

Survey #194-K Question #1d

Should the United States require every able-bodied young man 20 years old to serve in the army, navy, or the air forces for one year?

Yes................................ 50%

No................................ 50

Seven per cent expressed no opinion.

By Age

Yes No

21-29 Years.................. 44% 56%

30-49 Years.................. 49 51

50 Years and over............. 55 45

21-29 Years (men only)........41 59

Interviewing Date 5/18-23/40

Survey #195-K Question #1

Do you think that the C.C.C. camps should give military training to every young man in the C.C.C.?

Yes................................ 85%

No................................ 15

Seven per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 4/11-16/40

Survey #190-K Question #1d

If Germany should defeat England and France in the present war, do you think Germany would start a war against the United States sooner or later?

Yes................................ 65%

No................................ 35

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Yes No

New England................. 64% 36%

Middle Atlantic............... 64 36

East Central.................. 61 39

226 THE GALLUP POLL

West Central..................61 39

South........................ 82 18

West......................... 62 38

JUNE 5

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT

Interviewing Date 5/18-23/40

Survey #195-K Question #16

If President Roosevelt runs for a third term, will you vote for him?

Yes................................ 57%

No................................43

By Political Affiliation

Yes No

Democrats.................... 91% 9%

Republicans................... 8 92

By Income

Yes No

Upper........................ 37% 63%

Middle....................... 54 46

Lower........................ 70 30

Interviewing Date 5/18-23/40

Survey #195-K Question #4

Do you think Roosevelt has done a good job or a poor job in dealing with the war crisis in Europe?

Good job...........................79%

Fair job............................ 7

Poor job............................ 14

By Political Affiliation Democrats

Good job........................... 91%

Fair job............................ 4

Poor job............................ 5

Republicans

Good job........................... 60%

Fair job............................ 12

Poor job............................ 28

JUNE 7

DEFENSE OF PANAMA CANAL

Interviewing Date 5/25-30/40

Survey #196-K Question #9

If Germany defeats the Allies, should the United States fight if necessary to keep Germany out of the British, French, and Dutch possessions located in the area of the Panama Canal?

Yes................................ 84%

No................................ 16

Twelve per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Yes No

New England................. 82% 18%

Middle Atlantic............... 82 18

East Central.................. 83 17

West Central.................. 84 16

South........................ 90 10

West......................... 90 10

JUNE 9

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 5/25-30/40

Survey #196-K Question #5a

Asked of men under age 45: If the United States is attacked, would you personally volunteer to fight?

Yes................................ 86%

No................................ 7

No opinion......................... 7

Interviewing Date 5/25-30/40

Survey #196-K Question #5b

If Canada is invaded and the United States goes to her aid, would you personally volunteer to fight?

Yes................................63%

No................................ 24

No opinion......................... 13

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 227

JUNE 10

ALIEN REGISTRATION

Interviewing Date 5/25-30/40

Survey #196-K Question #4

Should all people who are not United States citizens be required to register with the Government?

Yes................................ 95%

No................................ 5

Five per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Yes No

New England................. 93% 7%

Middle Atlantic............... 93 7

East Central.................. 95 5

West Central.................. 94 6

South........................ 98 2

West......................... 97 3

JUNE 12

REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Interviewing Date 5/25-30/40

Survey #196-K. Question #12a

Asked of Republicans: Whom would you like to see elected President this year?

Dewey............ ................. 52%

Willkie............................. 17

Taft................................ 13

Vandenberg......................... 12

Hoover............................. 2

Landon............................ 1

Others............................. 3

Twenty-one per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 5/25-30/40

Survey #196-K Question #13a

Asked of Republicans: If it came to a choice between Thomas Dewey, Wendell Willkie, Robert Taft, and Arthur Vandenberg for the Republican presidential nomination, which man would you prefer?

Dewey............................. 50%

Willkie............................ 18

Taft................................ 16

Vandenberg......................... 16

Twenty-four per cent expressed no opinion.

JUNE 14

PURCHASE OF ALLIED TERRITORY

Interviewing Date 6/1-6/40

Survey #197-K Question #5

If the Allies need more money for running the war, would you be in favor of the United States and other American republics buying the British, French, and Dutch possessions in the area of the Panama Canal?

Yes................................ 81%

No................................ 19

Seventeen per cent expressed no opinion. JUNE 16

PARTY STRENGTH

Interviewing Date 6/9-14/40

Survey #198-K Question #11

Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

228 THE GALLUP POLL

Democratic......................... 58%

Republican......................... 42

Sixteen per cent expressed no opinion. JUNE 17

REPUBLICAN CONVENTION

Interviewing Date 5/18-23/40

Survey #195-K Question #6

Asked of Republicans: It has been suggested that the Republican party postpone their presidential convention from June to August, in order to wait and see what is going to happen in Europe. Do you approve or disapprove of this proposal?

Approve............................43%

Disapprove......................... 57

Twenty-five per cent expressed no opinion.

JUNE 19 CANADA

Interviewing Date 5/25-30/40

Survey #196-K Question #8

If Canada is actually invaded by a European power, do you think the United States should use its army and navy to aid Canada?

Yes................................ 87%

No................................ 13

Six per cent expressed no opinion.

JUNE 21

REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Interviewing Date 6/9-14/40

Survey #198-K Question #10a

Asked of Republicans: Whom would you like to see elected President this year?

Dewey.............................47%

Willkie............................. 29

Taft................................ 8

Vandenberg......................... 8

Hoover............................. 6

Others............................. 2

Thirty-four per cent expressed no opinion.

JUNE 24

UNIVERSAL MILITARY TRAINING

Interviewing Date 6/13-18/40

Survey #198-J Question #1

Do you think every able-bodied young man 20 years old should be made to serve in the armed forces for one year?

Yes................................64%

No................................ 36

Six per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Yes No

New England................. 68% 32%

Middle Atlantic............... 68 32

East Central.................. 61 39

West Central.................. 54 46

South........................ 68 32

West......................... 60 40

Families with Men 18-30 Years

Yes................................61%

No................................ 39

Families without Men 18-30 Years

Yes................................67%

No................................ 33

JUNE 26

ENGLISH AND FRENCH REFUGEES

Interviewing Date 6/13-18/40

Survey #198-J Question #6a

Should the United States permit English and French women and children to come to this country to stay until the war is over?

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 229

Yes................................ 58%

No................................42

Fourteen per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 6/13-18/40 

Survey #198-J Question #6b

If English and French refugees are allowed to come to this country, would you be willing to take care of one or more of these children in your home until the war is over?

Yes................................ 25%

No................................ 54

Undecided.......................... 21

JUNE 28

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT

Interviewing Date 6/1-6/40

Survey #197-K Question #15

If President Roosevelt runs for a third term, would you vote for him?

Yes................................ 57%

No................................43

Thirteen per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Yes No

New England................. 57% 43%

Middle Atlantic............... 57 43

East Central.................. 52 48

West Central.................. 53 47

South........................ 73  27

West......................... 55 45

JUNE 30

AID TO ENGLAND AND FRANCE

Interviewing Date 6/13-18/40

Survey #198-J Question #4

President Roosevelt has taken action making it possible for England and France to buy some airplanes that were being used by our army and navy. Do you approve or disapprove of this action?

Approve............................ 80%

Disapprove......................20

Seven per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Approve Disapprove

Democrats............. 85% 15%

Republicans............ 76 24

JULY 1

DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Interviewing Date 6/9-14/40

Survey #198-K Question #10a

Asked of Democrats: Whom would you like to see nominated by the Democratic party for President?

Roosevelt........................... 92%

Hull............................... 3

Garner............................. 2

Farley.............................. 1

McNutt............................ 1

Others............................. 1

Seventeen per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 6/9-14/40

Survey #198-K Question #10b

Asked of Democrats: If Franklin Roosevelt is not a candidate, whom would you like to see the Democratic party nominate for president?

Hull............................... 47%

Garner............................. 23

Farley.............................. 12

McNutt............................ 9

Wheeler............................ 3

Jackson............................ 1

La Guardia......................... 1

Others............................. 4

Forty-eight per cent expressed no opinion.

230 THE GALLUP POLL

JULY 5

FRANK KNOX AND HENRY STIMSON

Interviewing Date 6/27-7/3/40

Survey #199-K Question #11

President Roosevelt has named two Republicans, Frank Knox and Henry Stimson, to be Secretaries of Navy and War in his cabinet. Do you approve or disapprove of his action?

Approve............................71%

Disapprove.........................29

Twenty-eight per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Approve Disapprove

Democrats............. 85% 15%

Republicans............ 57 43

JULY 7

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 6/27-7/2/40

Survey #199-K Question #5

If the question of the United States going to war against Germany and Italy came up for a national vote within the next two weeks, would you vote to go into the war or to stay out of the war?

Go to war.......................... 14%

Stay out............................ 86

Eight per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Go to War Stay Out

New England.......... 14% 86%

Middle Atlantic........ 14 86

East Central........... 10 90

West Central........... 11 89

South................. 23 77

West.................. 16 84

By Income

Upper................. 10% 90%

Middle................ 14 86

Lower................. 16 84

Interviewing Date 6/27-7/2/40

Survey #199-K Question #12

Which side do you think will win the war?

Allies.............................. 32%

Axis............................... 35

No opinion.........................33

JULY 8

REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Special Survey conducted between June 25-27, 1940.

Asked of Republicans: Whom would you like to see elected President this year?

Willkie;......................... 44%

Dewey............................. 29

Taft................................ 13

Others, no opinion................... 14

JULY 10

UNIVERSAL MILITARY TRAINING

Interviewing Date 6/27-7/2/40

Survey #199-K Question #1

Asked of men between ages 21-25: Do you think every able-bodied young man 20 years old should be made to serve in the army or the navy for one year?

Yes................................ 52%

No................................48

Interviewing Date 6/27-7/2/40

Survey #199-K Question #6

Asked of men between ages 21-46: If the United States were attacked by some foreign country, which branch of the armed forces would you prefer to serve in?

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 231

Army.............................. 44%

Air force............................ 29

Navy............................... 24

Others............................. 3

Eleven per cent expressed no opinion.

By Age 21-30 Years

Army.............................. 34%

Air force............................ 34

Navy............................... 29

Others............................. 3

30-45 Years

Army.............................. 50%

Air force............................ 26

Navy............................... 22

Others............................. 2

JULY 12

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 7/5-10/40

Survey #200-K Question #9

If President Roosevelt runs for a third term on the Democratic ticket against Wendell Willkie on the Republican ticket how would you vote?

Roosevelt........................... 53%

Willkie.............................47

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

JULY 12

NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: Do you think Neville Chamberlain should be dropped from the Government?

Yes................................77%

No................................ 23

JULY 14

PARTY PLATFORMS

Interviewing Date 7/5-10/40

Survey #200-K Question #8a

Have you read or heard about the Republican party platform?

Yes................................ 26%

No................................ 74

By Political Affiliation

Yes No

Democrats.................... 22% 78%

Republicans................... 31 69

Interviewing Date 7/5-10/40

Survey #200-K Question #8c

Do you think many voters pay attention to political platforms today?

Yes................................ 27%

No................................ 73

Interviewing Date 7/5-10/40

Survey #200-K Question #8d

Should the platform of a political party be drawn up by the convention or by the man nominated for President?

Convention.........................67%

President........................... 33

JULY 15

NATIONAL DEFENSE

Interviewing Date 6/27-7/3/40

Survey #199-K Question #2

Which party do you think would do the better job of strengthening our country's national defenses — the Republican or the Democratic?

Republican......................... 38%

Democratic......................... 38

No difference.......................24

Twelve per cent expressed no opinion.

232 THE GALLUP POLL

By Political Affiliation

Democrats

Republican......................... 5%

Democratic.........................71

No difference.......................24

Republicans

Republican.........................69%

Democratic......................... 8

No difference.......................23

JULY 19

AID TO ENGLAND

Interviewing Date 7/5-10/40

Survey #200-K Question #3d

Do you think we are giving enough help to England, or do you think more ways should be found to give England help, short of going to war?

Give more help...................... 53%

Enough help now....................41

Give less help....................... 6

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation Democrats

Give more help...................... 56%

Enough help now.................... 38

Give less help....................... 6

Republicans

Give more help...................... 50%

Enough help now.................... 44

Give less help................... 6

JULY 20

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

Asked in New York State: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell

Willkie?

Roosevelt...........................49%

Willkie.............................51

Fourteen per cent expressed no opinion.

JULY 22 PANAMA CANAL

Interviewing Date 7/5-10/40

Survey #200-K Question #7

If Germany defeats England, should the United States take immediate possession of the English, French, and Dutch territories in the area of the Panama Canal?

Yes................................ 87%

No................................ 13

Thirteen per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Yes No

Democrats.................... 89% 11%

Republicans................... 86 14

By Region

New England................. 87% 13%

Middle Atlantic............... 87 13

East Central.................. 84 16

West Central..................87 13

South........................ 94 6

West......................... 88 12

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 233

JULY 24

THIRD TERM

Interviewing Date 7/5-10/40

Survey #200-K Question #10

Would you favor an amendment to the Constitution to prevent any President of the United States from serving a third term?

Yes................................ 41%

No................................ 59

By Political Affiliation

Yes No

Democrats.................... 14% 86%

Republicans................... 69 31

JULY 28

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

Asked in Pennsylvania: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt,.......................... 48%

Willkie............................. 52

Thirteen per cent expressed no opinion. JULY 29

UNIVERSAL MILITARY TRAINING

Interviewing Date 7/21-26/40

Survey #203-K Question #1

Do you think every able-bodied young man 20 years old should be made to serve in the armed forces for one year?

Yes................................ 67%

No................................ 33

Seven per cent expressed no opinion

By Age

Yes No

15-20 Years.................. 67% 33%

21-29 Years.................. 62 38

30-49 Years.................. 69 31

50 Years and over............. 68 32

By Sex

Men.........................70% 30%

Women...................... 64 36

JULY 31

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

Asked in California: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

234 THE GALLUP POLL

AUGUST 5

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 7/21-26/40

Survey #203-T Question #2

If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for the Republican candidate, Wendell Willkie, or the Democratic candidate, Franklin Roosevelt?

Roosevelt........................... 51%

Willkie.............................49

Thirteen per cent expressed no opinion.

AUGUST 7

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 7/21-26/40

Survey #203-T Question #2

Asked of first voters: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 54%

Willkie.............................46

By Income

Roosevelt Willkie

Upper............... 50% 50%

Middle.............. 50 50

Lower............... 63 37

Roosevelt........................... 54%

Willkie.............................46

Fourteen per cent expressed no opinion.

AUGUST 2

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

Asked in Texas: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 85%

Willkie............................. 15

Nine per cent expressed no opinion. AUGUST 4

PARTY AFFILIATION

Interviewing Date 7/21-26/40

Survey #203-K Question #4

In politics, do you consider yourself a Democrat, Republican, Socialist, or Independent?

Democrat...........................41%

Republican......................... 38

Socialist............................ 1

Independent........................20

Four per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Independent

New England.................. 30%

Middle Atlantic................ 21

East Central................... 23

West Central................... 21

South......................... 10

West.......................... 21

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 235

AUGUST 11

UNIVERSAL MILITARY TRAINING

Interviewing Date 7/21-26/40

Survey #203-K Question #1

Do you think every able-bodied young man 20 years old should be made to serve in the armed forces for one year?

Yes................................ 66%

No................................ 34

Eight per cent expressed no opinion. By Sex

Yes No

Men......................... 68% 32%

Women...................... 63 37

By Political Affiliation

Democrats.................... 73% 27%

Republicans................... 60 40

AUGUST 14

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 8/2-7/40

Survey #204-K Question #12

Asked in cities over 500,000 in population: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 57%

Willkie.............................43

By City

Roosevelt Willkie

New York........... 62% 38%

Chicago............. 51 49

Philadelphia......... 56 44

AUGUST 14

WINSTON CHURCHILL

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: In general, do you approve or disapprove of Mr. Churchill as Prime Minister?

Approve............................ 88%

Disapprove......................... 7

No opinion......................... 5

AUGUST 16 NATIONAL GUARD

Interviewing Date 8/2-7/40

Survey #204-T Question #4

Do you think the National Guard should be called for one year of training?

Yes................................ 85%

No................................ 15

Nine per cent expressed no opinion.

AUGUST 18 BRITISH REFUGEES

Interviewing Date 8/2-7/40

Survey #204-K Question #9

It has been suggested that the United States send American passenger ships to England to bring English refugee women and children to the United States to stay until the war is

236 THE GALLUP POLL

over. Would you approve or disapprove of sending our ships if Germany and Italy agree not to attack them?

Approve............................ 63%

Disapprove........................37

Eight per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Approve Disapprove

New England.......... 64% 36%

Middle Atlantic........ 64 36

East Central........... 59 41

West Central........... 64 36

South................. 67 33

West.................. 60 40

AUGUST 19

DEFENSE PRODUCTION

Interviewing Date 8/2-7/40

Survey #204-K Question #8a

Are you satisfied with the present rate of production of airplanes, tanks, warships, and guns for our national defense program?

Yes................................ 32%

No................................40

No opinion......................... 28

By Region

New England and Middle Atlantic

Yes................................ 34%

No................................ 41

No opinion......................... 25

East Central

Yes................................27%

No................................ 42

No opinion......................... 31

West Central

Yes................................ 37%

No................................ 33

No opinion......................... 30

South

Yes................................ 27%

No................................ 42

No opinion........................ 31

West

Yes................................. 33%

No................................ 39

No opinion.........................28

By Political Affiliation

Democrats

Yes................................ 35%

No................................ 37

No opinion.........................28

Republicans

Yes................................ 29%

No................................ 42

No opinion......................... 29

Interviewing Date 8/2-7/40

Survey #204-K Question #8b

Do you happen to know whether or not tank production has been substantially increased?

Believe it has........................ 19%

Believe it has not.................... 6

Don't know......................... 75

AUGUST 19

AID TO ENGLAND

Interviewing Date 8/11-16/40

Survey #206-K Question #2

General Pershing says the United States should sell to England 50 of our destroyer ships which were built during the last World War and are now being put back in service. Do you approve or disapprove of our Government selling these destroyers to England?

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 237

Approve........... ................. 62%

Disapprove......................... 38

Eight per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 8/11-16/40

Survey #206-T Question #2

England needs destroyer ships to replace those which have been damaged or sunk. The United States has some destroyers which were built during the last World War and are now being put back in active service. Do you think we should sell some of these ships to England?

Yes................................ 61%

No................................ 39

Nine per cent expressed no opinion.

Note: The question covering the issue was worded in two different ways, and each version was put to a separate but comparable cross section of voters. The two wordings brought almost exactly the same result.

AUGUST 21

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

Asked in Ohio: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 47%

Willkie............................. 53

AUGUST 23

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

Asked in New Jersey: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 49%

Willkie............................. 51

AUGUST 24

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 51%

Willkie............................. 49

Twelve per cent expressed no opinion.

AUGUST 28

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

By Income

Roosevelt Willkie

Upper............... 29% 71%

Middle.............. 47 53

Lower............... 66 34

Reliefers............. 75 25

AUGUST 30 THE DRAFT

Interviewing Date 8/11-16/40

Survey #206-K Question #1a

Do you favor increasing the size of our army and navy now by drafting men between the ages of 21 and 31 to serve in the armed forces for one year?

Yes................................ 71%

No................................ 29

Five per cent expressed no opinion.

238 THE GALLUP POLL

Montana Only

Yes................................62%

No................................ 38

Eleven per cent of those polled in Montana expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 8/11-16/40

Survey #206-K Question #1b

Asked of men between the ages of 16 and 20: If the draft law is passed, will you, personally, have any objection to spending a year in some branch of military service?

Yes................................ 19%

No................................ 81

AUGUST 31

PARTY STRENGTH

Special Survey

Asked in Maine: Which party would you like to see win the presidential election this year?

Republican.........................64%

Democratic......................... 36

Twelve per cent expressed no opinion.

SEPTEMBER 2

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 8/2-7/40

Survey #204-K Question #7a

If there is starvation in France, Holland, and Belgium this winter, should the United States try to send food to those countries in our ships?

Yes................................ 38%

No................................ 62

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Yes No

New England................. 37% 63%

Middle Atlantic............... 37 63

East Central.................. 41 59

West Central.................. 38 62

South........................ 37 63

West......................... 38 62

Farmers Only

Yes................................35%

No................................65

Interviewing Date 8/2-7/40

Survey #204-K Question #7b

Asked of those who replied in the affirmative: Would you be willing to send food even if some might go to the Germans?

Yes................................22%

No................................78

SEPTEMBER 3 PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 8/24-29/40

Survey #207-K Question #9a

Whom do you favor for President— Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 51%

Willkie.............................49

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

SEPTEMBER 4

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 8/10-15/40

Survey #205-K Question #6

If England is defeated between now and election time and it looks as though the United States might have to fight Germany, which candidate would you prefer for President — Willkie or Roosevelt?

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 239

Roosevelt........................... 58%

Willkie............................. 42

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

SEPTEMBER 5 EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 8/11-16/40

Survey #206-K Question #2

England needs destroyer ships to replace those which have been damaged or sunk. The United States has some destroyers which were built during the last World War and are now being put back in active service. Do you think we should sell some of these ships to England?

Yes................................ 60%

No................................ 40

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Yes No

Democrats.................... 63% 37%

Republicans................... 58 42

SEPTEMBER 6 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN

Interviewing Date 8/24-29/40

Survey #207-K Question #1

Wendell Willkie proposed that he and President Roosevelt hold a series of debates, both speaking from the same platform. Do you think the President should accept the proposal?

Yes................................ 49%

No................................ 51

Fourteen per cent expressed no opinion.

SEPTEMBER 8

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

Asked in Maine: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 36%

Willkie............................. 64

SEPTEMBER 11 EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 9/5-10/40

Survey #209-K Question #1

Which side do you think will win the war?

England............................ 43%

Germany........................... 17

No opinion......................... 40

Interviewing Date 8/24-29/40

Survey #207-K Question #7

Recently the English claimed that they shot down 387 German planes in one week and lost only 94 of their own. Do you think this report is accurate?

Yes................................ 19%

No................................ 58

No opinion......................... 23

240 THE GALLUP POLL

Interviewing Date 8/24-29/40

Survey #207-T Question #7

Recently the Germans claimed that they shot down 427 English planes in one week and lost only 99 of their own. Do you think this report is accurate?

Yes................................ 3%

No................................ 86

No opinion......................... 11

SEPTEMBER 13 PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 8/24-29/40

Survey #207-K Question #9a

Asked of labor union members: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 64%

Willkie............................. 36

Twelve per cent expressed no opinion.

A.F.L. Members Only

Roosevelt........................... 62%

Willkie............................. 38

C.I.O. Members Only

Roosevelt...........................75%

Willkie............................. 25

SEPTEMBER 15 EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 8/24-29/40

Survey #207-K Question #3a

Mr. Bullitt, our Ambassador to France, says that if Great Britain is defeated the Germans will invade the United States. Do you think they will?

Yes................................42%

No................................45

No opinion......................... 13

Interviewing Date 8/2-7/40

Survey #204-K Question #6b

Without mentioning names, do you think there are any fifth columnists In this community?

Yes................................48%

No................................26

No opinion......................... 26

SEPTEMBER 15 PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Missouri Only

Roosevelt........................... 53%

Willkie.............................47

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

Kentucky Only

Roosevelt........................... 55%

Willkie........................... 45

Nine per cent expressed no opinion.

West Virginia Only

Roosevelt........................... 55%

Willkie.............................45

Thirteen per cent expressed no opinion.

Maryland Only

Roosevelt........................... 56%

Willkie.............................44

Thirteen per cent expressed no opinion.

Delaware Only

Roosevelt........................... 55%

Willkie............................. 45

Twelve per cent expressed no opinion.

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 241

SEPTEMBER 20

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 9/5-10/40

Survey #209-K Question #4

Whom do you favor for President Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 55%

Willkie.............................45

Eleven per cent expressed no opinion.

Roosevelt States

Roosevelt Willkie

South Carolina....... 98% 2%

Mississippi........... 95 5

Georgia............. 86 14

Louisiana............ 86 14

Alabama............ 85 15

Texas............... 83 17

Arkansas............ 80 20

Florida.............. 75 25

North Carolina....... 72 28

Virginia............. 70 30

Tennessee............ 69 31

Arizona............. 69 31

Oklahoma........... 63 37

New Mexico......... 63 37

Nevada.............. 62 38

Maryland............ 61 39

Montana............ 60 40

Delaware............ 60 40

California........... 58 42

Kentucky............ 58 42

West Virginia........ 57 43

Washington.......... 57 43

Utah................ 57 43

Missouri............. 56 44

Connecticut.......... 56 44

Rhode Island........ 56 44

Idaho............... 55 45

New Jersey........... 54 46

Michigan............ 54 46

Wyoming............ 54 46

Illinois.............. 53 47

Ohio................ 53 47

Oregon.............. 53 47

New York........... 52 48

Pennsylvania......... 52 48

Colorado............ 52 48

Minnesota........... 51 49

Wisconsin........... 51 49

Willkie States

Willkie Roosevelt

Maine............... 56% 44%

Vermont............. 56 44

South Dakota........ 55 45

Iowa................ 54 46

North Dakota........ 54 46

Kansas.............. 53 47

Nebraska............ 53 47

Massachusetts........ 51 49

Indiana.............. 51 49

New Hampshire...... 51 49

SEPTEMBER 21

DEFENSE PRODUCTION

Interviewing Date 9/5-10/40

Survey #208 Question #1a

Are you satisfied with the present rate of production of airplanes, tanks, warships, and guns for our national defense program?

Yes................................ 40%

No................................ 41

No opinion......................... 19

By Political Affiliation

Democrats

Yes................................46%

No................................ 36

No opinion......................... 18

Republicans

Yes................................ 32%

No................................ 48

No opinion........................ 20

242 THE GALLUP POLL

Interviewing Date 9/5-10/40

Survey #208 Question #1b

Asked of those who responded in the negative: Who do you think is responsible for defense delays?

Roosevelt........................... 14%

Congress........................... 11

Industry............................ 3

Public apathy....................... 2

Others............................. 3

No opinion......................... 8

41%

SEPTEMBER 23

NEUTRALITY

Interviewing Date 9/5-10/40

Survey #209-K Question #2

Which of these two things do you think is the most important for the United States to try to do — to keep out of war ourselves or to help England win, even at the risk of getting into the war?

Keep out...........................48%

Help England....................... 52

Five per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Help

Keep Out England

New England........ 48% 52%

Middle Atlantic...... 48 52

East Central......... 52 48

West Central......... 57 43

South............... 30 70

West................ 46 54

SEPTEMBER 25 PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

Asked of Independent voters: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell

Willkie?

New York Only

Roosevelt...........................49%

Willkie...,......................... 51

Twenty per cent expressed no opinion

Pennsylvania Only

Roosevelt...........................62%

Willkie............................. 38

Nineteen per cent expressed no opinion.

Ohio Only

Roosevelt........................... 52%

Willkie............................. 48

Nineteen per cent expressed no opinion.

Illinois Only

Roosevelt...........................46%

Willkie............................. 54

Nineteen per cent expressed no opinion.

Michigan Only

Roosevelt........................... 53%

Willkie.............................47

Nineteen per cent expressed no opinion.

California Only

Roosevelt........................... 52%

Willkie............................. 48

Sixteen per cent expressed no opinion.

SEPTEMBER 27 PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 243

By Community Size

Roosevelt Willkie

500,000 and over..... 61% 39%

2,500-500,000........ 55 45

2,500 and under...... 51 49

Farms............... 53 47

Midwestern farms only 46 54

By Age

21-24 Years......... 59% 41%

25-29 Years......... 59 41

30-49 Years......... 56 44

50 Years and over.... 54 46

SEPTEMBER 28 ELECTION FORECAST

Interviewing Date 9/19-24/40

Survey #210-K Question #8

Regardless of how you yourself plan to vote, who do you think will be elected President?

Roosevelt........................... 68%

Willkie............................. 32

Sixteen per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Roosevelt Willkie

Democrats........... 96% 4%

Republicans.......... 27 73

OCTOBER 1

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

Asked in Nebraska: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 43%

Willkie............................. 57

Eight per cent expressed no opinion.

OCTOBER 2

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

Asked in Massachusetts: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 52%

Willkie............................. 48

Six per cent expressed no opinion. OCTOBER 4

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

California Only

Roosevelt........................... 57%

Willkie............................. 43

Nine per cent expressed no opinion.

Oregon Only

Roosevelt........................... 56%

Willkie............................. 44

Eleven per cent expressed no opinion.

Washington Only

Roosevelt........................... 58%

Willkie............................. 42

Ten per cent expressed no opinion. OCTOBER 6

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 9/28-10/3/40

Survey #212-K Question #2

Whom do you favor for President, Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

244 THE GALLUP POLL

Roosevelt........................... 56%

Willkie.............................44

Nine per cent expressed no opinion. One per cent named a third party candidate.

OCTOBER 9 COMMUNIST PARTY

Interviewing Date 9/22-27/40

Survey #211-K Question #2a

Should Communist party candidates be allowed the same amount of time on the radio as the Democratic and Republican candidates?

Yes................................ 29%

No................................71

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 9/22-27/40

Survey #211-K Question #2b

Do you think Communist party candidates should be allowed any time on the radio?

Yes................................ 37%

No................................63

Thirteen per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 9/22-27/40

Survey #211-T Question #2a

Should Communist party candidates be allowed the same amount of free time on the radio as the Democratic and Republican candidates?

Yes...............................25%

No................................75

Eleven per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 9/22-27/40

Survey #211-T Question #2b

Do you think Communist party candidates should be allowed any free time on the radio?

Yes................................ 31%

No................................69

Fifteen per cent expressed no opinion.

OCTOBER 13

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

Asked of property owners: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt...........................47%

Willkie............................. 53

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

OCTOBER 14

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 9/28-10/5/40

Survey #212-K Question #1

If you were asked to vote today on the question of the United States entering the war against Germany and Italy, how would you vote — to go into the war or to stay out of the war?

Go in.............................. 17%

Stay out............................ 83

Eight per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Go In Stay Out

New England........ 18% 82%

Middle Atlantic...... 20 80

East Central......... 12 88

West Central......... 14 86

South............... 24 76

West................ 20 80

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 245

OCTOBER 15

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Special Survey

If the presidential election were being held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Illinois Only

Roosevelt...........................48%

Willkie............................. 52

Eleven per cent expressed no opinion.

Ohio Only

Roosevelt........................... 52%

Willkie............................. 48

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

Indiana Only

Roosevelt........................... 47%

Willkie............................. 53

Nine per cent expressed no opinion.

Michigan Only

Roosevelt........................... 48%

Willkie............................. 52

Nine per cent expressed no opinion.

OCTOBER 20 JAPAN

Interviewing Date 10/2-7/40

Survey #213-K Question #5

Do you think our Government should forbid the sale of arms, airplanes, gasoline, and other war materials to Japan?

Yes................................ 90%

No................................ 10

Eight per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Yes No

Democrats.................... 90% 10%

Republicans................... 90 10

Interviewing Date 10/2-7/40

Survey #213-K Question #6

President Roosevelt has forbidden the shipment of scrap iron from this country to Japan. Do you approve or disapprove?

Approve............................ 96%

Disapprove......................... 4

Eight per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Approve Disapprove

Democrats............. 96% 4%

Republicans............ 95 5

OCTOBER 21

PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES

Interviewing Date 10/2-7/40

Survey #213-T Question #4

Asked of Willkie supporters: Have you, at any time since President Roosevelt was renominated, planned to vote for him?

Yes................................ 8%

No................................ 92

Interviewing Date 10/2-7/40

Survey #213-T Question #4a

Asked of those who replied in the affirmative: What was the main reason that changed your mind?

The following are listed in order of frequency of mention:

Anxiety over a third term

Roosevelt's policies will get us into war

Favorable impression of Willkie

246 THE GALLUP POLL

Interviewing Date 10/2-7/40

Survey #213-T Question #4b

Asked of Roosevelt supporters: Have you, at any time since Mr. Willkie was nominated, planned to vote for him?

Yes................................ 10%

No................................ 90

Interviewing Date 10/2-7/40

Survey #213-T Question #4c

Asked of those who replied in the affirmative: What was the main reason that changed your mind?

The following are listed in order of frequency of mention:

Disappointment with Willkie's speeches and campaign

Roosevelt's experience is needed in current war crisis

OCTOBER 22

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 10/7-12/40

Survey #214-T Question #3

If there were no war in Europe today, which presidential candidate would you vote for, Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 47%

Willkie............................. 53

Eight per cent expressed no opinion.

OCTOBER 25

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 10/11-16/40

Survey #215-K Question #5

Asked in New York State: If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 51%

Willkie.............................49

Nine per cent expressed no opinion.

New York City Only

Roosevelt........................... 61%

Willkie............................. 39

Upstate Only

Roosevelt...........................40%

Willkie.............................60

OCTOBER 26

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 10/11-16/40

Survey #215-K Question #5

If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Maine Only

Roosevelt...........................46%

Willkie.............................54

Six per cent expressed no opinion.

New Hampshire Only

Roosevelt...........................49%

Willkie............................. 51

Eight per cent expressed no opinion.

Vermont Only

Roosevelt...........................43%

Willkie.............................57

Eight per cent expressed no opinion.

Massachusetts Only

Roosevelt........................... 51%

Willkie.............................49

Seven per cent expressed no opinion.

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 247

Rhode Island Only

Roosevelt........................... 55%

Willkie.............................45

Eight per cent expressed no opinion.

Connecticut Only

Roosevelt........................... 54%

Willkie............................. 46

Eleven per cent expressed no opinion.

Ohio Only

Roosevelt...........................49%

Willkie............................. 51

Four per cent expressed no opinion.

Indiana Only

Roosevelt...........................47%

Willkie............................. 53

Four per cent expressed no opinion.

OCTOBER 26 MINNESOTA POLITICS

Interviewing Date 10/11-16/40

Survey #215-K Question #12

Asked in Minnesota: For whom do you plan to vote for Governor?

Harold Stassen...................... 59%

Hjalmar Petersen.................... 28

Ed Murphy......................... 13

Ten per cent expressed no opinion. OCTOBER 27

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 10/11-16/40

Survey #215-K Question #5

If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt......................... 54.5%

Willkie...........................45.5

Seven per cent expressed no opinion. OCTOBER 30

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 10/11-16/40

Survey #215-K Question #5

If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

OCTOBER 31 EUROPEAN WAR

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: From what you have experienced or read or heard about during the past few weeks do you think it is possible or impossible for Germany to win the war by air attack alone on this country?

Possible............................ 6%

Impossible.......................... 80

Don't know......................... 14

OCTOBER 31

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 10/11-16/40

Survey #215-K Question #2a

If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Missouri Only

Roosevelt........................... 49%

Willkie............................. 51

Seven per cent expressed no opinion.

Kentucky Only

Roosevelt........................... 54%

Willkie............................. 46

Seven per cent expressed no opinion.

248 THE GALLUP POLL

Oklahoma Only

Roosevelt........................... 55%

Willkie.............................45

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

NOVEMBER 1

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT

Interviewing Date 10/24-29/40

Survey #217 Question #2a

If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Wisconsin Only

Roosevelt...........................48%

Willkie............................. 52

Michigan Only

Roosevelt...........................48%

Willkie............................. 52

Minnesota Only

Roosevelt........................... 51%

Willkie.............................49

Maryland Only

Roosevelt........................... 58%

Willkie.............................42

NOVEMBER 4

PRESIDENTIAL TRIAL HEAT — FINAL POLL

Interviewing Date 10/26-31/40

Survey #218-K Question #2a

If the presidential election were held today, would you vote for Franklin Roosevelt or Wendell Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 52%

Willkie............................. 48

By State Roosevelt States

Roosevelt

South Carolina......................97%

Mississippi..........................94

Georgia............................ 87

Alabama...........................86

Louisiana........................... 86

Arkansas........................... 82

Texas..............................79

North Carolina......................72

Florida.............................72

Virginia............................70

Tennessee....................... 64

Arizona............................ 61

Maryland...........................59

West Virginia.......................59

California..........................58

Montana...........................57

Washington......................... 57

Nevada.............................56

Oklahoma...................... 56

Delaware........................... 56

Utah............................... 55

Kentucky...........................54

Oregon.............................54

Rhode Island.......................54

Wyoming...........................53

New Mexico........................53

Connecticut...................... 53

New Jersey......................... 52

Massachusetts....................... 51

Minnesota.......................... 51

Willkie States

Willkie

Nebraska...........................59%

South Dakota....................... 59

Vermont............................58

Maine..............................57

Kansas............................. 57

Iowa...............................55

Indiana............................. 55

Colorado...........................55

North Dakota.......................54

Illinois............................. 52

Michigan...........................52

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 249

Willkie

Wisconsin.......................... 52%

Ohio............................... 51

New York.......................... 51

Pennsylvania........................ 51

Missouri............................ 51

New Hampshire..................... 51

Idaho.............................. 51

NOVEMBER 9

ELECTION ANALYSIS

The American Institute of Public Opinion's final preelection report showed Franklin Roosevelt with 52% of the total popular vote, or 2.5% less than he received in the election returns.

By Region

Gallup Poll

For Roosevelt Error

New England....... 50.5% -2.6%

Middle Atlantic..... 49.5 -2.9

East North Central.. 47.8 - 3.1

West North Central.. 46.6 -2.2

South Atlantic...... 68.1 -0.4

East South Central... 66.1 -4.0

West South Central.. 73.1 -1.1

Mountain.......... 51.7 -4.2

Pacific.............. 56.0 -2.0

Average Error................ 2.5%

NOVEMBER 10

NATIONAL DEFENSE

Interviewing Date 10/24-29/40

Survey #220 Question #4

Who do you think will do the better job of strengthening our national defense — Roosevelt or Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 61%

Willkie............................. 39

Thirteen per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 10/24-29/40

Survey #220 Question #5

If the United States should get into the war, which man would you prefer to have as President — Roosevelt or Willkie?

Roosevelt........................... 60%

Willkie.............................40

Nine per cent expressed no opinion.

NOVEMBER 15 EUROPEAN WAR

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: In view of the indiscriminate bombing of this country, would you approve or disapprove if the R.A.F. adopted a similar policy of bombing the civilian population of Germany?

Approve............................ 46%

Disapprove......................... 46

No opinion......................... 8

NOVEMBER 18

AID TO ENGLAND

Interviewing Date 10/11-16/40

Survey #215-K Question #1a

If it appears that England will be defeated by Germany and Italy unless the United States supplies her with more food and war materials, would you be in favor of giving more help to England?

Yes................................ 90%

No................................ 10

Six per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Yes No

New England................. 92% 8%

Middle Atlantic............... 92 8

East Central.................. 87 13

West Central.................. 86 14

South........................ 94 6

West......................... 90 10

250 THE GALLUP POLL

NOVEMBER 20

NEUTRALITY

Interviewing Date 10/7-12/40

Survey #219-K Question #1

The Johnson Act prevents any country that has stopped paying interest on its debt of the last World War from borrowing money in the United States. Would you approve of changing this law so that England could borrow money from our Government?

Yes................................ 54%

No................................46

Twelve per cent expressed no opinion.

NOVEMBER 24

AID TO ENGLAND

Interviewing Date 10/11-16/40

Survey #215-K Question #1d

Should the United States send more airplanes to England, even though this might delay our own national defense program?

Yes................................ 60%

No................................40

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Yes No

New England.................60% 40%

Middle Atlantic............... 60 40

East Central.................. 54 46

West Central.................. 56 44

South........................ 72 28

West......................... 64 36

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 251

By Community Size

100,000 and over..............21% 79%

10,000-100,000................ 29 71

Under 10,000 ................. 38 62

Farms........................ 46 54

NOVEMBER 27

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 10/25-29/40.

Survey #221 Question #1

Which side do you think will win the war?

England............................63%

Germany........................... 7

No opinion......................... 30

NOVEMBER 29

AID TO GREECE

Interviewing Date 11/21-26/40

Survey #224-T Question #14

Do you think the United States should lend money to Greece for the purchase of arms, airplanes, and other war materials?

Yes................................ 60%

No................................40

Fifteen per cent expressed no opinion.

NOVEMBER 30 EUROPEAN WAR

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: From what you have experienced or read or heard about during the past few weeks, do you think it is possible or impossible for Germany to win the war by air attack alone on this country?

Possible............................ 6%

Impossible.......................... 80

No opinion......................... 14

DECEMBER 2

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 10/26-31/40

Survey #219-K Question #1

Do you think the United States will go into the war in Europe sometime before it is over, or do you think we will stay out of the war?

Go in.............................. 59%

Stay out............................41

Six per cent expressed no opinion.

DECEMBER 4

DIES COMMITTEE

Interviewing Date 11/21-26/40

Survey #224-K Question #12b

Do you think the Dies Committee should be continued?

Yes................................65%

No................................ 7

No opinion, never heard of Committee. 28

DECEMBER 11

EUROPEAN WAR

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: If someone in your presence suggested that it would be a good idea to have a negotiated peace with Germany now, what would you do?

Agree that it would be a good idea..... 7%

Contradict him...................... 59

Report him to the authorities......... 13

Say nothing, no opinion.............. 21

DECEMBER 8

NEUTRALITY

Interviewing Date 10/11-16/40

Survey #215-K Question #1b

Should the Neutrality Law be changed so that American ships can carry war supplies to England?

252 THE GALLUP POLL

Yes................................40%

No..............................60

Fourteen per cent expressed no opinion.

By Political Affiliation

Yes No

Democrats.................... 48% 52%

Republicans................... 33 67

The South is the only section where a majority of those with opinions favor relaxing the Neutrality Law. Fifty-three per cent of Southerners voted yes, as compared with 40% in the East, and 33% in the farm-belt states of the Mississippi Valley.

DECEMBER 13

PANAMA CANAL

Interviewing Date 12/1-6/40

Survey #225-K Question #4

If England offers to pay its World War debt to the United States by giving us islands or land near the Panama Canal, would you approve our accepting this offer?

Yes................................ 88%

No................................ 12

Ten per cent expressed no opinion.

DECEMBER 15

EUROPEAN WAR

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: Do you think our enemy is the German people or only the Nazi Government?

People............................. 52%

Government........................48

Less than 1% expressed no opinion.

DECEMBER 16

WORLD WAR I

Interviewing Date 11/21-36/40

Survey #224-K Question 16

Do you think it was a mistake for the United States to enter the last World War?

Yes................................ 39%

No................................42

No opinion.........................19

By Political Affiliation

Democrats

Yes................................ 33%

No................................46

No opinion.....................21

Republicans

Yes................................46%

No................................ 38

No opinion......................... 16

By Age

21-34 Years

Yes................................ 36%

No................................ 39

No opinion......................... 25

35-49 Years

Yes................................ 37%

No................................44

No opinion......................... 19

50 Years and Over

Yes................................44%

No................................42

No opinion......................... 14

DECEMBER 18 DRAFTING OF WOMEN

Interviewing Date 12/1-6/40

Survey #225-K Question #2

Would you be in favor of starting now to draft American women between the ages 21 and 35 to train them for jobs in war time?

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 253

Yes................................ 48%

No................................ 52

Six per cent expressed no opinion.

By Sex

Yes No

Men......................... 44% 56%

Women...................... 52 48

By Income

Upper........................ 41% 59%

Middle....................... 44 56

Lower........................ 55 45

Women Ages 21-35 Only

Yes................................ 54%

No................................46

DECEMBER 20

JOHNSON ACT

Interviewing Date 12/4-9/40

Survey #225-T Question #3

The Johnson Act prevents any country that has stopped paying interest on its debt of the last World War from borrowing money in the United States. Would you approve of changing this law so that England could borrow money from our Government?

Yes................................ 55%

No................................ 45

Nine per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Yes No

New England................. 57% 43%

Middle Atlantic............... 57 43

East Central.................. 49 51

West Central.................. 49 51

South........................ 69 31

West......................... 57 43

DECEMBER 21

CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS

Interviewing Date 12/4-9/40

Survey #225-T Question #1

A group of students studying for the ministry who are conscientious objectors refused to register for the draft and were sentenced to a year in jail. Do you think this punishment was too severe or not severe enough?

About right......................... 55%

Too severe.......................... 24

Not severe enough................... 21

DECEMBER 22

EUROPEAN WAR

Special Survey

Asked in Great Britain: Do you think the Government should draw up and publish our war aims?

Yes................................ 42%

No................................ 35

No opinion......................... 23

254 THE GALLUP POLL

DECEMBER 27

GERMANY

Special Survey

Have you read or heard about the speech of a Nazi official published recently which said that the Germans plan to make slaves of the people in Europe and to control American industry and trade?

Yes................................ 33%

No................................ 67

Asked of those who replied In the affirmative: Do you believe that the Germans plan to do this?

Yes................................ 80%

No................................20

DECEMBER 29

THE DRAFT

Interviewing Date 12/18-23/40

Survey #226-K Question #10b

Do you think the draft is being handled fairly?

NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY 255

Yes................................ 92%

No................................ 8

Eleven per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 12/18-23/40

Survey #226-K Question #10a

Do you think the draft is a good thing?

Yes................................ 89%

No................................ 11

Twelve per cent expressed no opinion.

Interviewing Date 12/18-23/40

Survey #226-K Question #10c

Do you think the Army is taking good care of the men drafted so far?

Yes................................ 91%

No................................ 9

Twelve per cent expressed no opinion.

DECEMBER 30

EUROPEAN WAR

Interviewing Date 12/1-6/40

Survey #225-K Question #5

If you were asked to vote on the question of the United States entering the war against Germany and Italy, how would you vote — to go into the war or to stay out of the war?

Go in.............................. 12%

Stay out............................ 88

Three per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Go In Stay Out

New England........ 13% 87%

Middle Atlantic...... 13 87

East Central......... 10 90

West Central......... 9 91

South............... 17 83

West................ 14 86

Interviewing Date 12/18-23/40

Survey #226-K Question #1

Which of these two things do you think is the more important for the United States to try to do — to keep out of war ourselves, or to help England win even at the risk of getting into the war?

Keep out...........................40%

Help England....................... 60

Two per cent expressed no opinion.

By Region

Help

Keep Out England

New England........ 38% 62%

Middle Atlantic...... 38 62

East Central......... 46 54

West Central......... 46 54

South............... 25 75

West................ 35 65

256 THE GALLUP POLL