Albania,
Italian invasion of, 64, 455.
Alliance of
Germany, Italy, and Japan. See Tripartite
Pact.
Amau, Eiji
(Director of Intelligence Bureau, Japanese Foreign Office), China, foreign
assistance to (statement, April 1934), 18, 19, 214.
American
republics:
Buenos Aires Conference
(1936), 41, 61, 311, 342, 352, 366.
Habana Conference (1940),
82, 562, 563.
Lima Conference (1938), 61,
439, 440, 756.
Montevideo Conference
(1933), 25, 61, 195, 199.
Panama Conference (1939), 70, 488.
American
Solidarity Declaration (1938), 61, 439.
Anti‑Comintern
Pact, Germany, Japan, and Italy, 40, 84, 92, 340, 481.
Armistice
(1940), France and Germany, 78, 96, 553, 554.
Arms embargo:
European war, proclamation,
69.
Hull, Secretary, letters and
statements to Congress (Apr. 5 and May 17, 1933, May 12, 1938, May 27 and July
14 1939), 7, 23, 37, 66, 67, 177, 183, 419, 461, 465, 468, 474.
Italian‑Ethiopian conflict,
proclamation, 31, 283, 287.
Proposed legislation (1933),
23, 177, 183.
Roosevelt, President,
statement regarding (Aug. 31, 1935), 25, 271; message to Congress (July 14,
1939), 66, 468; press release (July 18, 1939), 67, 474; address to Congress
(Sept. 21, 1939), 69, 486.
Spain, joint resolution
(Jan. 8, 1937), 37, 322, 329, 353.
U.S. neutrality acts, 25,
31, 33, 35, 49, 66, 69, 266, 271, 313, 314, 355, 380, 484; repeal of, 70, 116,
487, 494, 506, 761, 765, 787.
"Arsenal of
democracy" address by President Roosevelt, 87, 599.
Atlantic, Battle of the,
106, 113, 115, 662, 737.
857
Atlantic
Charter (Aug. 14,‑1941), 111, 151, 717.
Austria,
German invasion of, 56.
Axis powers (see also Anti‑Comintern Pact;
Tripartite Pact; and the individual
countries):
Aggressive policies of, 3.
Japan, pro‑Axis
elements in, 134, 746.
Japanese alignment with,
122.
Menace to world, 87, 106,
114, 149, 599, 666, 740, 845.
U.S. war with, 147, 149,
150, 839, 841, 842, 848, 849, 850.
Battleships,
U.S. construction of, 44, 354.
Belgium,
German invasion of, 75, 523.
Bolivia,
boundary dispute with Paraguay, 26.
Brussels
Conference (1937), 54‑52, 389, 390, 393, 398.
Buenos Aires
Conference (1936), 41, 61, 311, 342, 352, 366.
Bulgaria:
German aggression against
Yugoslavia, instructions to U.S. Minister, 103, 638.
Tripartite Pact, adherence to, 103.
Burma Road:
Closing (July 18, 1940), 94, 562.
Reopening (Oct. 17, 1940), 95.
Casey, Richard
C. (Australian Minister to U.S.), Japanese aggression, conversation with
Secretary Hull and Lord Lothian (June 28, 1940), 94, 559.
Chamberlain,
Neville (Prime Minister of Great Britain), conferences with Hitler, 58.
China (see also Hull; Manchuria; Roosevelt;
Sino‑Japanese war)
"Autonomy
movement" in North China, Japanese attempt to promote, 38; Hull statement
regarding (Dec. 5, 1935), 38, 301.
Civilians, bombing by Japan,
89, 421, 422.
Foreign assistance to,
Japan's attitude, 18, 19, 214.
Japanese attack on (1937)‑
Hull and Horinouchi
conversations (1939), 91, 92, 465, 480.
China‑Continued.
Japanese attack
on (1937)‑Con.
Italy,
attitude at Brussels Conference, 52, 399.
Marco Polo
Bridge incident, 45, 368.
Panay incident, 52, 395, 396.
U.S. attitude
toward, 48, 377.
U.S. proffer
of good offices, 46, 47, 374.
Japanese
territorial ambitions in (1933), 6, 175.
Japanese
troops in, disposition of, 776.
League of
Nations, Manchuria situation, deliberation on, 4, 157.
Manchuria
situation‑
Kellogg‑Briand
Pact, obligations under, 4, 6, 158, 168.
Nine‑power
Treaty, obligations under, 6, 168.
U.S. policy
regarding, 5, 159.
Peace, Japan's
basic terms (Sept. 22, 1941), 744.
Puppet regime
at Nanking, treaty with Japan (1940), 132.
Rights and
interests of other countries in, Japanese attitude (1934), 18, 19, 214, 216.
U.S. nationals
in, Japanese interference with (protest by U.S., Dec. 31, 1938), 90, 441.
Churchill,
Winston S.:
Atlantic
Charter (Aug. 14, 1941), 111, 151, 717.
Japan, warning
to, conference with President Roosevelt (Aug. 1941), 129.
Russia, aid
to, joint message to Stalin from Churchill and Roosevelt (Aug. 15, 1941), 113,
711.
Communist
International, 41, 341.
Conferences,
international:
Brussels
(1937), 50‑52, 389, 390, 393, 398.
Buenos Aires
(1936), 41, 61, 311, 342, 352, 366.
Geneva (1932),
9‑12, 161, 179, 186, 193, 194, 226.
Habana (1940),
82, 562, 563.
Lima (1938),
61, 439, 440, 756.
London Naval
(1935‑36), 39, 317.
London (World
Economic, 1933), 179.
Montevideo
(1933), 25, 61, 195, 199.
Panama (1939),
70, 488.
Washington
(19221. 47. 51, 376, 389.
858
Cotton, U.S.,
exchange for British rubber, 63.
Czechoslovakia:
European
crisis, President Roosevelt's appeal (Sept. 26, 1938), 58, 425, 426, 427.
German
invasion of, 63; condemnation (statement of Sumner Welles, Mar. 17, 1939), 64,
454.
Munich
agreement, 59; U.S. attitude toward, 60, 430.
Sudetenland,
German demand for, 58, 426.
Daughters of
American Revolution, U.S. policy regarding national defense (letter from
President Roosevelt, Apr. 20, 1938), 43, 315.
Davis, Norman
H. (U.S. delegate)
Brussels
Conference (1937)-
Instructions
as delegate, 50, 389.
Report, 52,
398.
Geneva
Conference, address (May 22, 1933), 10, 186; statement (May 29, 1934), 226.
London Naval
Conference, statement (May 13, 1936), 39, 317.
Debuchi,
Katsuji (Japanese Ambassador to U.S.), Japanese territorial ambitions in
China, conversation with Secretary Stimson (Jan. 5, 1933), 6, 175.
Declarations,
international:
American
Solidarity (1938), 61, 439.
Brussels
Conference (1937), 51, 393.
Panama
Conference (1939), 70.
United
Nations, 151, 850.
Defense
measures, U.S. See National defense, U.S.
Denmark:
German
invasion of, 72, 515.
Greenland,
agreement with U.S., 103, 640.
Destroyers,
U.S., exchange for British naval and air bases, 83, 564, 568.
Dickover, E.
R. (1st Secretary of Embassy at Tokyo), conversation with Kurusu (Dec. 23, 1935),
39, 302.
Dieckhoff,
Hans Heinrich (German Ambassador to U.S.):
Conversations
with Secretary Hull (1938), 56, 57, 402, 423.
Hitler's world
ambitions, denial of (Sept. 28, 1938), 59, 429.
Disarmament:
Discussions
(1932‑34), 9‑12, 161,179, 186, 193, 194, 226.
Geneva
Conference‑
Gibson address
to (Feb. 9, 1932), 9, 161.
Roosevelt
proposal (1933), 9, 179.
U.S. views,
address by Davis (May 22, 1933), 10, 186; statement (May 29, 1934), 226.
Washington
Naval Treaty of 1922, Japanese denunciation (1934), 12, 244.
Dodd, William
E. (Ambassador to Germany 1933‑37), conversation with Mr. Messersmith
(Mar. 22, 1935), 22, 255.
Emergency,
U.S. national:
Limited,
proclamation of President Roosevelt (Sept. 1939), 69.
Unlimited,
address by President Roosevelt (May 27, 1941), 106, 662.
Entente,
Germany and Japan, report of, 16, 222.
Ethiopia,
Italian conquest of (1935‑36) :
Addis Ababa,
fall of, 33.
Hull and
Rosso, conversations, 29, 32, 275, 293.
League action,
instructions to U.S. representatives at Geneva, 31, 283, 284.
Outbreak of
war, 31, 283.
Preparations
for, 29, 30, 234, 247, 272, 278.
Roosevelt
message to Mussolini (Aug. 18, 1935), 29, 266.
U.S. attitude,
30, 31, 274, 283, 284.
European
crisis, 1938 (see also European war):
Austria,
German occupation of, 56.
Hull,
Secretary, address by (Mar. 17, 1938), 56, 407.
Lima
Conference, 61, 439, 440.
Munich, 59,
430.
Roosevelt,
President, appeals of, 58, 59, 425, 426, 427, 428.
U.S.
rearmament, 54, 403, 405.
European war
(see also Hull; Roosevelt; and the
individual countries):
Atlantic,
Battle of the (1941), 106, 113, 115, 662, 737.
August crisis
(1939), 67, 475, 477, 478, 479, 483.
859
European war‑Continued.
Denmark,
invasion by Germany (Apr. 9, 1940), 72, 515.
France:
Appeals to
U.S. (June 1940), 77, 549, 551.
Declaration of
war on Germany (Sept. 3, 1939), 69.
Fall of (June
1940), 78, 553, 554.
Germany,
declaration of war by France and Great Britain (Sept. 3, 1939), 69.
Great Britain,
declaration of war on Germany (Sept. 3, 1939), 69.
Greece,
invasion by Italy and Germany (1940, 1941), 102, 103, 595.
Italy,
declaration of war on France and Great Britain (June 10, 1940), 76, 548.
Low Countries,
invasion by Germany (May 10, 1940), 75, 523.
Norway,
invasion by Germany (Apr. 9, 1940), 72, 515.
Poland,
invasion by Germany (Sept. 1, 1939), 69, 483.
Roosevelt,
President, appeals to European states, 64, 67, 68, 72, 74, 75, 455, 475, 477,
478, 479, 483, 519, 520, 522, 526, 536, 537, 538, 544.
Russia, attack
by Germany (June 22, 1941), 110, 683.
U.S. aid to
opponents of force (1940), 76, 545.
U.S. attitude
toward, address of President Roosevelt (Sept. 3, 1939), 69, 483.
U.S. Lend‑lease
Act (Mar. 11, 1941), 100, 612, 627.
U.S. lend‑lease
aid‑
Diplomatic
missions in neutral European countries, instructions to (Apr. 10, 1941), 101,
639.
Roosevelt,
President, addresses of (Mar. 15 and Oct. 9, 1941), 101, 116, 631, 764.
U.S., menace
to, address to Congress by President Roosevelt (Jan. 3, 1940), 71, 507.
U.S. national
emergency, 69, 106, 662.
U.S.
neutrality act, 1939 (Nov. 4), 69, 70, 115‑117, 494, 761, 765, 787.
European war‑Continued.
Yugoslavia,
invasion by Germany (1941), 103, 638.
Exports
Control Act of July 2, 1940 (see also Arms embargo), application
to Japan, 97, 576.
Fascist bloc,
Japanese denial of participation in, 41, 340.
Four Freedoms,
address by President Roosevelt (Jan. 6, 1941), 99, 608.
Four Pillars
of Peace, address by Secretary Hull, 21‑22, 248.
Four‑power
Pact of Munich (Sept. 29, 1938), U.S. attitude toward, 60, 430.
France (see also Hull; Roosevelt):
European
crisis, appeal of President Roosevelt, 58, 425, 426, 427.
Fall of (June
1940), 78, 553, 554.
Fleet, and
naval and air bases, 107, 580, 591.
Fleet,
disposition of (message of President Roosevelt to French Government, June 17,
1940), 78, 553.
"Free
French", 109.
Germany‑
Armistice
(1940), 78, 96, 553, 554.
War with
(1939), 69.
Indochina,
agreements with Japan regarding (1940‑41), 96, 123, 572, 693.
Italy, war
with (1940), 76, 548.
Japan,
military agreements with (1940‑41), 96, 123, 572, 693.
Japanese conquest
of Manchuria, proposal regarding, 5, 160.
Laval, Pierre,
pro‑German plans, 108, 592.
Paris, German
drive against, 76, 549, 550, 551, 552.
U.S., appeals
to (June 1940), 77, 549, 551.
U.S. aid to,
76, 77, 78, 548, 550, 552.
U.S. policy
toward, 107, 108, 580, 591, 592, 673.
U.S. relations
with, basic principles governing (1940‑41), 78, 107, 108, 109, 553, 554,
592, 596, 673.
War on,
declaration by Italy (June 10, 1940), 76, 548.
War on
Germany, declaration of (Sept. 3, 1939), 69.
"Free
French", 109.
860
Freedom of the
seas:
Address by
President Roosevelt (Sept. 11, 1941), 113, 737.
Declaration of
Panama (1939), 70.
French
Indochina. See Indochina.
Geist, Raymond
H. (U. S. Consul at Berlin), report on Germany (1934), 16, 233.
Geneva
Conference (1932), 9‑12, 161, 179, 186, 193, 194, 226.
George II
(King of Greece), President Roosevelt's message to (Dec. 5, 1940), 102, 595.
Germany (see also Axis powers; Hull; Roosevelt;
Tripartite Pact)
Anti‑Comintern
Pact, 40, 84, 92, 340, 481.
Austria,
invasion of, 56.
"Basic
principles of Reich" regarding international relations, 46.
Belgium,
invasion of, 75, 523.
Czechoslovakia‑
Invasion of,
63; condemnation (statement of Sumner Welles, Mar. 17, 1939), 64, 454.
Munich
agreement, 60, 430.
Sudetenland,
demand for, 58.
Denmark,
invasion of, 72, 515.
France‑
War with
(1939), 69.
Drive against
Paris, 76, 549, 550, 551, 552.
Armistice
(1940), 78, 96, 553, 554.
Geist, Raymond
H., report (1934), 16, 233.
Great Britain, war with (1939), 69.
Greece, invasion of, 103.
Greer, attack on, 113, 737.
Italy‑
Anti‑Comintern
Pact, adherence to, (1937), 84.
Tripartite
Pact (1940), 84, 85, 96, 573, 574.
Japan‑
Anti‑Comintern
Pact (1936), 40, 84, 92, 340, 481.
Entente,
report of, 16, 222.
Tripartite
Pact (1940), 84, 85, 96, 573, 574.
Jews, persecution
of, 60, 439.
Kearny, torpedoing of, 117, 767.
Locarno Pact,
violation of (1936), 36.
Luxembourg,
invasion of, 75, 523.
Germany‑Continued.
Messersmith,
George S., reports (1933, 1935), 13, 14, 22, 191, 194, 246, 255.
Miller,
Douglas, report (Apr. 21, 1934), 15, 211.
Monroe
Doctrine, statement by U.S., 78, 79, 555, 560.
Montana, sinking of, 113.
Munich
agreement, 59; U.S. attitude toward, 60, 430.
Netherlands,
invasion of, 75, 523.
Norway,
invasion of, 72, 515.
Poland‑
Demands upon,
67.
Invasion of, 69,
483.
Robin Moor, sinking of, 109, 674.
Russia‑
Non‑aggression
treaty with, 67, 92.
Attack on,
110, 683.
Sessa, sinking of, 113.
Steel Seafarer, sinking
of, 113.
U.S., war with
(1941), 150, 848, 849.
U.S.
Ambassador, return to U.S. ordered by President Roosevelt, 61, 439.
War on,
declarations by France and Great Britain (Sept. 3, 1939), 69.
War on U.S.,
declaration of (Dec. 11, 1941), 150, 848, 849.
War, state of,
declaration by U.S. (Dec. 11, 1941), 150, 849.
Wilson, Hugh
R., reports (1935, 1936), 36, 291, 308.
Wuest, Jacob
W. S., report (1934), 16, 222.
Yugoslavia, invasion of, 103, 638.
Gibson, Hugh
S. (U.S. Ambassador to Belgium), address at Geneva Conference (Feb. 9, 1932),
9, 161.
Good Neighbor
Policy, 25, 195.
Great Britain:
Burma Road‑
Closing of,
94, 562.
Reopening of,
95.
European
crisis, appeal of President Roosevelt (Sept. 26, 1938), 58, 425, 426, 427.
Germany, war
with (1939), 69.
Italy, war
with (1940), 76.
Japanese
conquest of Manchuria, proposal regarding, 5, 160.
861
Great Britain‑Continued.
Monroe Doctrine, statement by U.S, 78, 79, 555, 560.
Munich agreement, 59; U.S. attitude toward, 60, 430.
Naval and air bases, exchange for U.S. destroyers, 83, 564, 568.
Rubber, exchange for U.S. cotton, 63.
U.S., collaboration with, 128, 710.
War on, declaration by Italy (June 10, 1940), 76.
War on
Germany, declaration of (Sept. 3, 1939), 69.
Greece:
Bulgarian invasion of, 103.
German invasion of, 103.
Hungarian invasion of, 103.
Italian invasion of, 102, 595.
U.S. aid to (message, from President Roosevelt to King George, Dec. 5,
1940), 102, 595.
Greenland,
agreement with U.S. (Apr. 9, 1941), 103, 640.
Greer, attack by German
submarine, 113, 737.
Grew, Joseph
C. (U.S. Ambassador to Japan):
Amau statement, interview with Foreign Minister Hirota regarding
(report, Apr. 25, 1934), 19, 214.
Bases of international accord, four principles acceptable to Japan
(report, Sept. 6, 1941), 134, 733.
Current situation in Japan (report, Nov. 3, 1941), 136, 772.
Fascist bloc, Japanese denial of participation (report, Dec. 4, 1936),
41, 340.
Japanese expansion a menace to U.S. (report, Sept. 12, 1940), 95, 569.
Military spirit of Japan (reports, Aug. 13, 1932 and Dec. 27, 1934), 6,
20, 173, 236.
Panay incident, Japan's note to
Secretary Hull, 52, 396,
Pearl Harbor, rumors of possible attack by Japan (report, Jan. 27,
1941), 118, 618.
Roosevelt, President, proposal for meeting with Prime Minister Konoye
(report, Sept. 6, 1941), 131, 733.
Grew, Joseph
C.‑Continued.
Sino‑Japanese situation, U.S. proffer of good offices (Aug.10,1937),
47, 374.
Warning against sudden attack by Japan (report, Nov. 17, 1941), 137,
788.
Habana
Conference (1940), 82, 562, 563.
Halifax, Lord
(British Ambassador to U.S.), conversations with Secretary Hull (1941), 128,
144, 710, 816.
Henry‑Haye,
Gaston (French Ambassador to U.S.), conversations with Secretary Hull (1940),
84, 108, 568, 592.
Hirohito
(Emperor of Japan), message of President Roosevelt to (Dec. G, 1941),147, 829;
reply (Dec. 7, 1941), 148, 149, 831, 838.
Hirota, Koki
(Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs):
China, rights and interests of other countries in (U.S. note, Apr. 29,
1934), 18, 216.
Conversation with Ambassador Grew (Apr. 25, 1934), 19, 214.
Japanese relations with U.S., exchange of views with Secretary Hull
(1934), 18, 208, 209.
Hitler, Adolf
(see also Germany)
Chamberlain, Neville, conferences with, 58.
Roosevelt, President, appeals of, 58, 59, 64, 68, 425, 426, 455, 477,
479, 483.
World ambitions, denial by Ambassador Dieckhoff (Sept. 28, 1938), 59,
429.
Horinouchi, Kensuke
(Japanese Ambassador to U.S.):
China, Japan's policy regarding, 91, 92, 465, 480.
"Monroe Doctrine" of Japan, 93, 518.
Netherlands
Indies-
Japan's policy regarding, 93, 518.
Maintenance of
status quo (statement of Apr. 1940), 92, 515.
U.S. embargo (protest, Oct. 8,1940), 97, 576.
Hull, Cordell
(Secretary of State 1933‑):
American way of life, danger to (address, June 20, 1940), 81, 556.
862
Hull, Cordell‑Continued.
Armament, competitive building a world menace (address, June 12, 1935),
23, 257.
Arms embargo, letters and statements to Congress (Apr. 5 and May 17,
1933, May 12, 1938, May 27 and July 14, 1939), 7, 23, 37, 66, 67, 177, 183,
419, 461, 465, 468, 474.
Burma Road, closing (statement, July 16, 1940), 94, 5G2.
China, bombing by Japan (statement, June 11, 1938), 89, 421, 422.
China, rights and interests of other countries in (U.S. note, Apr. 29,
1934), 18, 216.
Continental defense (statement, Aug. 6, 1940), 82, 83, 563.
Conversations‑
Casey, Richard
C., and, Lothian, Lord,
1940, June 28: Japanese aggression, 94, 559.
Dieckhoff,
Hans Heinrich,
1938, Jan. 14: International
law and order, preservation of, 56, 402.
1938, July 7: Militarism versus peace, 57,
423.
1938, Sept. 28: Hitler's world ambitions, 59,
429.
Halifax, Lord,
1941, Aug. 9: Japan's plans
in Asia, 128, 710.
1941, Nov. 29: Possibility
of sudden attack by Japan, 144, 816.
Henry‑Haye,
Gaston,
1940, Sept. 11: Aggression
in Europe and Far East, 84, 568.
1940, Nov. 4: U.S. policy
toward France, 108, 592.
Horinouchi,
Kensuke,
1939, Apr. 20: "Monroe
Doctrine" of Japan, 93, 518.
1939, July and Aug.: Japan's
policy in China, 91, 92, 465, 480.
1940, May 16: Japan's policy
regarding Netherlands Indies, 93, 532.
Hull, Cordell‑Continued.
Conversations‑Continued.
Horinouchi,
Kenauke‑Continued.
1940, Oct. 8: Japan's
protest against U.S. embargo, 97, 576.
Kurusu
(Saburo) and Nomura (Kichisaburo),
1941, Nov. 17: U.S. ‑
Japanese relations, 137, 789.
1941, Nov. 18: Peaceful settlement of U.S. –
Japanese differences, 138, 792.
1941, Nov. 20: Japan's role
in the Far East, 140, 799, 801.
1941, Nov. 22: Embargoes
against Japan, 140, 802.
1941, Nov. 26: Proposed
basis of agreement, 142, 807, 810, 812.
1941, Dec. 1, and 5:
Japanese troop movements, 145, 146, 817, 823, 826.
1941, Dec. 7: Condemnation
of Japanese memorandum, 148, 831.
Lindsay, Sir
Ronald,
1936, Jan. 22: German and
Italian dictators, 36, 308.
Lothian, Lord,
1940, Sept. 30: Alliance of
Germany, Italy, and Japan, 85, 574.
Lothian, Lord,
and Casey, Richard C.,
1940, June 28: Japanese
aggression, 94, 559.
Luther, Hans,
1933, Nov. 2: Disarmament
and world peace, 13, 193.
1935, Mar. 28: German objectives,
22, 256.
Marler, Sir
Herbert,
1938, Sept. 21: Japanese
plan for domination of Asia, 48, 424.
1938, Sept. 21: German
policy of dominating Europe, 56, 424.
Nomura,
Kichisaburo,
1941, Mar. 8: Japanese expansion,
118, 620.
1941, May 11: Japan's new
order in East Asia, 120, 653.
863
Hull, Cordell‑Continued.
Conversations‑Continued.
Nomura,
Kichisaburo‑Continued.
1941, Aug. 8: Neutralization
of Indochina, 128, 709.
1941, Aug. 17: Relations
between Japan and U. S., 129, 712.
1941, Aug., Sept., Oct.:
Proposed meeting of President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Konoye, 130, 134‑135,
724, 745, 746, 750, 754, 756.
Rosso,
Augusto,
1935, July and Nov.:
Italian-Ethiopian conflict, 29, 32, 275, 293.
Saito, Hirosi,
1934, May: Peace in Asia,
19, 20, 220, 223.
1937, July: Sino‑Japanese
situation, 45, 46, 368, 371.
Suvich, Fulvio
de,
1937, July 6: European
cooperation in inter‑American peace program, 42, 366.
Wang, Chengting,
1937, July 21: Sino‑Japanese
situation, 46, 371.
Yoshida,
Shigeru, 1936, June 12: Japan's policy in Asia, 40, 319.
Dangers,
international, warnings of, 13, 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 30, 32, 36, 38, 41, 42, 44,
45, 47, 48, 49, 56, 57, 59, 60, 65, 66, 81, 82, 85, 91, 100, 104, 116, 118,
136, 144, 193, 217, 231, 248, 256, 257, 258, 274, 293, 308, 330, 333, 342, 366,
370, 375, 380, 402, 407, 423, 424, 430, 432, 458, 465, 468, 556, 563, 581, 612,
648, 765, 816.
Declaration of
war, proposed Constitutional amendment (opposition expressed to Chairman of
House Foreign Affairs Committee, Jan. 8, 1938), 54, 401.
European war,
effect on U.S. (address, Apr. 24, 1941), 104, 648.
Four‑power
Pact (statement, Sept. 30, 1938), 60, 430.
France, U.S.
policy toward (statement, June 5, 1941), 108, 673.
Hull, Cordell‑Continued.
German aggression against Yugoslavia:
Condemnation,
U. S. (statement, Apr. 6, 1941), 103, 638.
Instructions
to Ministers in Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania (Apr. 5, 1941), 103, 638.
Indochina, Japanese attack on (statement, Sept. 23, 1940), 96, 572.
International relations, fundamental principles of (statement, July 16,
1937), 45, 370.
International situation, dangers in (addresses, May 5 and June 11,
1934), 17, 18, 217, 231.
Italian‑Ethiopian
conflict‑
League action,
instructions to representatives at Geneva (Oct. 9 and 17, 1935), 31, 283, 284.
U.S. attitude
(statement, Sept. 12, 1935), 30, 274.
Italy, war materials from U.S. (statement, Nov. 15, 1935), 32, 292.
Japan, U.S.
relations with‑
Condemnation
of Japanese memorandum of Dec. 7, 1941, 148, 831.
Critical
aspects of, 136, 144.
Exchange of
views with Foreign Minister Hirota (1934), 18, 208, 209.
Japanese aggression (statement, Jan. 15, 1941), 118, 612.
Law and order the basis of international relations (address, Mar. 17,
1938), 56, 407.
Lend‑lease Act (Mar. 11, 1941) (statement, Jan. 15, 1941), 100,
612.
Monroe Doctrine (statement, July 5, 1940), 79, 560.
Montevideo Conference (1933), advocation of Good Neighbor Policy, 25,
195.
Netherlands
Indies, maintenance of status quo (statement, Apr. 17, 1940), 92, 515.
Neutrality Act of 1939, proposal for modification (Oct. 21, 1941), 116,
765.
Non‑intervention policy of U.S. (address, Sept. 15, 1936), 38,
333.
864
Hull, Cordell‑Continued.
North China, multilateral treaty obligations regarding (statement, Dec.
5, 1935), 38, 301.
Panay
incident, note to Ambassador Grew for Japanese Foreign Minister (Dec. 13,
1937), 52, 395; reply, 52, 396.
Raw materials, acquisition of (letter to President Roosevelt, Oct. 21,
1938), 63, 431.
Sino‑Japanese
war‑
Separate
action by nations, instructions to Minister in Switzerland (Sept. 28, 1937),
49, 380.
Statement
(Aug. 23, 1937), 47, 375.
Telegram to
Ambassador Grew (Sept. 2, 1937), 48, 377.
Tripartite Pact (statement, Sept. 27, 1940) , 84, 573.
U.S. national defense, 44, 55, 56, 63, 65, 81, 82, 85, 100, 104, 116,
118, 333, 405, 407, 431, 458, 556, 563,
581, 612, 648, 765; program (letter to Congress, Feb. 10, 1938), 55, 405.
U.S. nationals in China, protest to Japan regarding interference with
(Dec. 31, 1938), 90, 441.
U.S. opposition to use of force (instruction to Ambassador Grew, May
30, 1940), 93, 540.
War, plea against resort to (address, Apr. 25, 1939), 65, 458.
World crisis, effect on U.S. (address, Apr. 24, 1941), 104, 648.
Hungary:
German aggression against Yugoslavia, instructions to U.S. Minister,
103, 638.
Greece, invasion of, 103.
Tripartite Pact, adherence to, 103.
Yugoslavia, invasion of, 103.
Iceland, U.S.
agreement with (July 1, 1941), 111, 686.
Indochina:
French military agreements with Japan regarding, 96, 123, 572, 693.
Japanese bases in, statement of Sumner Welles (July 24, 1941), 124,
698.
Indochina‑Continued.
Japanese invasion of, 96, 123, 572.
Japanese troop movements in, 145, 146, 821, 823, 826.
Neutralization of, U.S. proposal, 125, 699; Japanese counter‑proposal,
127, 128, 705, 707, 709.
Inter‑American
Financial and Economic Advisory Committee, 70, 82.
International
conferences. See Conferences, international.
Italy (see
also Axis powers; Tripartite Pact):
Albania, invasion of, 64, 455.
Anti‑Comintern Pact, adherence to, 84.
Ethiopian
conquest (1935‑36)‑
Addis Ababa,
fall of, 33.
Hull and
Rosso, conversations, 29, 32, 275, 293.
League action,
instructions to U.S. representatives at Geneva, 31, 283, 284.
Outbreak of
war, 31.
Preparations
for, 29, 30, 234, 247, 272, 278.
Roosevelt
message to Mussolini (Aug. 18, 1935), 29, 266.
U.S. attitude,
30, 31, 274, 283, 284.
European war‑
Entrance into,
75, 76, 544; condemnation by President Roosevelt (June 10, 1940), 76, 545.
President
Roosevelt's appeals (Apr. and Aug. 1939, Apr. and May, 1940), 64, 67, 72, 74,
75, 455, 475, 519, 520, 522, 526, 536, 537, 538, 544.
France, war with (1940), 76, 548.
Germany‑
Anti‑Comintern
Pact, Italy's adherence to (1937), 84.
Tripartite
Pact (1940), 84, 85, 96, 573, 574.
Great Britain,
war with (1940), 76.
Greece,
invasion of, 102, 595.
International
relations, fundamental principles of (reply to Secretary Hull's statement of
July 16, (1937)
866
Italy‑Continued.
Japan‑
Anti‑Comintern
Pact, Italy's adherence to (1937), 84.
Tripartite
Pact (1940), 84, 85, 96, 573, 574.
Japanese conquest of Manchuria, proposal by France, Great Britain,
Italy, and U.S. regarding, 5, 160.
League of Nations recommendation for sanctions against, 31, 283, 284.
Monroe Doctrine, statement by U.S., 78, 79, 555, 560.
Sino‑Japanese situation, position taken at Brussels Conference
(1937), 52, 399.
U.S. export of war materials to (statement of Secretary Hull, Nov. 15,
1935), 32, 292.
War, state of, declaration by U.S. (Dec. 11, 1941), 150, 848, 850.
War on France, declaration of (June 10, 1940), 76, 548.
War on Great Britain, declaration of (June 10, 1940), 76.
War on U.S., declaration of (Dec. 11, 1941), 150, 850.
Yugoslavia, invasion of, 103.
Japan (see
also Axis powers; Hull; Roosevelt; Sino‑Japanese war; Tripartite
Pact):
Amau, statement regarding foreign assistance to China, 18, 19, 214.
Anti‑Comintern Pact, 40, 84, 92, 340, 481.
Asia‑
Policy in, 39,
40, 139, 302, 319, 801.
Proposal to
U.S. regarding (Nov. 20, 1941), 139, 801.
Assets, U.S. freezing of, 126, 704.
"Autonomy movement" in North China, attempted promotion of,
38; Hull statement regarding (Dec. 5, 1935), 38, 301.
Burma Road, closing at instance of, 94, 562.
China‑
Foreign
assistance to (statement by Eiji Amau, Apr. 1934), 18, 19, 214.
Japan‑Continued.
China‑Continued.
Peace, text of
basic terms (Sept. 22, 1941), 744.
Rights and
interests of other countries in, 18, 19, 214, 216.
Territorial
ambitions in (1933), 6, 175.
Troops in, 776.
China, attack
on (1937)‑
Brussels
Conference, Japanese refusal to participate in, 51, 390, 393, 398.
Hull and
Horinouchi conversations (1939), 91, 92, 465, 480.
Italy,
attitude at Brussels Conference, 52, 399.
Marco Polo
Bridge incident, 45, 368.
Panay incident, 52, 395, 396.
"Quarantine"
address by President Roosevelt, 49, 383.
U.S. attitude
toward, 48, 377.
U.S. proffer
of good offices, 46, 47, 374.
Chinese civilians, bombing of, 89, 421, 422.
Expansion of, 38, 91, 95, 118, 301, 302, 465, 569, 612.
Fascist bloc, denial of participation in, 41, 340.
France, military agreements with (1940‑41), 96, 123, 572, 693.
Germany‑
Anti‑Comintern
Pact (1936), 40, 84, 92, 340, 481.
Entente,
report of, 16, 222.
Tripartite
Pact (1940), 84, 85, 96, 573, 574.
Grew, reports,
6, 19, 20, 41, 47, 52, 95, 118, 131, 134, 136, 137, 173, 214, 236, 340, 374,
396, 569, 618, 733, 772, 788.
Indochina‑
Invasion of,
96, 123, 572, 693.
Naval and air
bases in, 123, 218; statement of Sumner Welles (July 24, 1941), 124, 698.
Neutralization
of, U.S. proposal, 125, 699; Japanese counterproposal, 127, 128, 705, 707,
709.
867
Japan‑Continued:
Indochina‑Continued.
Troop
movements in, 145, 146, 776, 821, 823, 826.
International relations, fundamental principles of (reply to Secretary
Hull's statement of July 16, 1937), 46.
Italy‑
Anti‑Comintern
Pact, adherence to, (1937), 84.
Tripartite
Pact (1940), 84, 85, 96, 573, 574.
League of
Nations‑
Assembly
report (Oct. 6, 1937) on violation of treaty obligations, 50, 387.
Background on
action regarding Sino‑Japanese war, 49, 380.
London Naval Conference (1935‑36), withdrawal from, 39, 317.
Manchuria, conquest of (1931‑32), 4‑7.
Memorandum of Dec. 7, 1941, U.S. condemnation of, 148, 831.
"Moral embargoes" against, 89, 97, 421, 422.
North China, attempt to promote "autonomy" movement in, 38;
Hull statement regarding (Dec. 5, 1935), 39, 301.
Netherlands
Indies, maintenance of status quo, 92, 515; policy regarding, 93, 532.
Oil, U.S. export to, 126, 703.
Peace in the
Pacific‑
Message of
President Roosevelt to Emperor Hirohito (Dec. 6, 1941), 147, 829; reply (Dec.
7, 1941), 148, 838.
Statement of
Japanese Foreign Minister to Ambassador Grew (Dec. 7, 1941), 149, 838.
Pearl Harbor‑
Rumors of
attack on (Jan. 1941), 118, 618.
Attack (Dec.
7, 1941), 147, 839, 842.
Puppet regime at Nanking, treaty with (1940), 132.
Japan‑Continued.
Roosevelt, President, four principles of international accord (message
to Prime Minister Konoye, Sept. 3, 1941), 131, 728.
Roosevelt and Konoye, proposed meeting, 130, 134‑135, 720, 724,
745, 750, 754, 756.
Roosevelt warning against further aggression (Aug. 17, 1941), 129, 712.
Russia, attack on, reported plan for, 123, 685, 691.
Tripartite Pact (1940), 84, 85, 96, 573, 574.
U.S., war with (1941), 149, 839, 841, 842.
U.S. commercial treaty with (1911), termination of, 90, 475.
U.S.
discussions with (1941)‑
Aggression,
warning against (Aug. 17), 129, 712.
Basis for
agreement (Nov. 26), 142, 807, 810, 812.
Indochina,
Neutralization of, 125, 127,
128, 699, 705, 707, 709.
Occupation by Japan, 96;
123, 572.
Roosevelt and
Konoye, proposed meeting, 130, 134‑135, 720, 745, 750, 754, 756.
Troop
movements, 145, 146, 821, 823, 826.
U.S. economic pressure on, 94, 559.
U.S. nationals in China, interference with (protest by Secretary Hull,
Dec. 31, 1938), 90, 441.
U.S. Neutrality Act of 1937, applicability, 49, 380.
U. S, trade
with‑
Restrictions
on, 97, 576.
Cessation of,
127, 704.
War, state of, declaration by U.S. (Dec. 8, 1941), 149, 839, 841.
War on U.S., notification of (Dec. 8, 1941), 149, 841.
Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, denunciation, 12, 244.
Jews,
persecution by Germany, 60, 439.
Johnson,
Nelson T. (Minister to China), Japanese attack on Manchuria, report (Sept. 22,
1931), 4, 155.
868
Kearny, torpedoing by German
submarine, 117, 767.
Kellogg‑Briand
Pact, 4, 6, 30, 33, 47, 50, 51, 58, 155, 164, 171, 275, 296, 376, 386, 387,
389, 390, 425.
Knox, Frank
(Secretary of the Navy), address on national defense (Nov. 11, 1941), 136, 776.
Konoye,
Fumimaro (Prime Minister of Japan):
Roosevelt,
President‑
Four
principles of international accord (message to Konoye of Sept. 3, 1941), 131,
728.
Proposed
meeting, 130, 134‑135, 720, 724, 745, 750, 754, 756.
Kurusu, Saburo
(Japanese Foreign Office official and Special Envoy to U.S.):
Conversations:
Dickover, E.
R., 39, 302:
Hull,
Secretary, 137, 138, 140, 142, 145,146, 789, 792, 799. 801, 802, 807, 810, 812,
817, 823, 826.
Roosevelt,
President, 137, 143, 789, 814.
Japan the leader of eastern Asia (Dec. 23, 1935), 39, 302.
Trip to Washington (Nov. 1941), 137.
Laval, Pierre
(French Minister of Foreign Affairs), pro‑German plans, 108, 592.
League of
Nations:
Assembly‑
Lytton
Commission report on Manchuria, adoption of, 7, 176.
Report (Oct.
6, 1937), on Japanese violation of treaty obligations, 50, 387.
Resolution
(Mar. 11, 1932) applicable to Manchuria situation. 6.
Italian‑Ethiopian situation, deliberation on, 31, 283, 284.
Japan, withdrawal of ( Mar. 27, 1933), 7.
Manchuria situation, deliberation on, 4, 157.
Sino‑Japanese war, background on action regarding, 49, 380.
Leahy, Admiral
(Ambassador to France), U.S. relations with France, basic principles governing
(letter from President Roosevelt, Dec. 20, 1940), 596.
Lend‑lease
Act, U.S. (Mar. 11, 1941), 100, 612, 627.
Lend‑lease
aid, U.S., 100, 109, 116, 631, 639, 764.
Lima
Conference (1938), 61, 439, 440, 756.
Limitation of
armaments. See Disarmament.
Lindsay, Sir
Ronald (British Ambassador to U.S.), conversation with Secretary Hull (Jan.
22, 1936), 36, 308.
Locarno Pact,
violation by Germany (1936), 36.
London Naval
Conference (1935‑36), 39, 317.
Long,
Breckinridge (U.S. Ambassador to Italy), reports, Italian preparations for war,
29, 30, 234, 247, 272, 278.
Lothian,
Marquess of (British Ambassador to U.S.), conversations with Secretary Hull:
Alliance of Germany, Italy, And Japan, 85, 574.
Japanese aggression, 94, 559.
Low Countries.
See Belgium; Luxembourg; and Netherlands.
Luther, Hans
(German Ambassador to U.S.), conversations with Secretary Hull (1933, 1935),
13, 22, 193, 256.
Luxembourg,
German invasion of, 75, 523.
Lytton
Commission, 7, 176, 184.
MacArthur,
Gen. Douglas (Chief of Staff), annual report (1933), 27.
Manchuria,
Japanese conquest of (1931-32), 4‑7.
Marco Polo
Bridge incident, 45, 368.
Marler, Sir
Herbert (Canadian Minister to U.S.), conversation with Secretary Hull (1938),
48, 56, 424.
Merchant
ships, U.S.:
Arming of, 115, 761.
Prohibition against arming of, 70, 500.
869
Messersmith,
George S. (U.S. Consul General, at Berlin, 1930‑34; Minister to Austria
1934‑37), reports on Germany (1933, 1935), 13, 14, 22, 191, 194, 246,
255.
Military
program, U.S. See National defense, U.S.
Miller,
Douglas (U. S. Acting Commercial Attach at Berlin), report on Nazis (Apr. 21,
1934), 15, 211.
Monetary and
Economic Conference, International (London, 1933), 179.
Monroe
Doctrine, 78, 79, 93, 104, 518, 555, 560, 641.
Montana, sinking by German
submarine, 113.
Montevideo
Conference (1933), 25, 61, 195, 199.
"Moral
embargoes", 89, 97, 421, 422.
Munich
agreement (Four‑power pact of Sept. 29, 1938), 59; U.S. attitude toward,
60, 430.
Mussolini,
Benito (see also Italy)
Ethiopian war, message from President Roosevelt regarding (Aug. 18,
1935), 29, 266.
European crisis, President Roosevelt's appeal (Sept. 27, 1938), 59,
427.
European war, President Roosevelt's appeals (Apr. 1939, Apr. and May,
1940), 64, 72, 74, 75, 455, 519, 520, 526, 537, 538; replies (May and June,
1940), 73, 74, 75, 520, 522, 536, 544.
Nanking puppet
regime, treaty with Japan (1940), 132.
National
defense, U.S.:
Agreement with Iceland (July 1, 1941), 111, 686.
Appropriations for, messages of President Roosevelt to Congress (Jan.
and May, 1940), 80, 527.
Battleships, construction of (announcement, Jan. 8, 1937), 44, 354.
Chief of Staff, annual report (1933). 27.
Destroyers, exchange for British naval and air bases, 83, 564, 568.
National
defense, U.S.‑Continued.
Enemy vessels warned not to enter defense areas, 115, 737.
Greenland agreement (Apr. 9, 1941), 103, 640.
Habana Conference, 82, 562, 563.
Hull, Secretary, addresses (Sept. 15, 1936, June 20 and Oct. 26, 1940),
44, 81, 85, 333, 556, 581.
Hull, Secretary, letter to Congress (Feb. 10, 1938), 55, 405.
Knox address on (Nov. 11, 1941), 136, 776.
Lend‑lease Act (Mar. 11, 1941), statement by Secretary Hull (Jan.
15, 1941), 100, 612.
Naval and air bases, British, exchange of U. S. destroyers for, 83,
564, 568.
Neutrality Act of 1939, modification of, 117, 787.
Planes, increased production, President Roosevelt's request for, 80,
527.
Plans for (1933‑34), 27‑28.
Reserve personnel, call into active service, 80, 544.
Roosevelt,
President‑
"Arsenal
of democracy" address (Dec. 29, 1940), 87, 599.
Budget message
to Congress (Jan. 1941), 99.
Letter to
Daughters of American Revolution (Apr. 20, 1936), 43, 315.
Military
program, recommendations (Jan. 28, 1938), 54, 403.
Naval program,
recommendations (Jan. 28, 1938), 54, 503.
Preparations
for strengthening (address, Oct. 27, 1941), 117, 767.
Recommendations
for strengthening (messages to Congress, Jan. 28, 1938 and Jan. 4 and 12,
1939), 54, 62, 81, 403, 447, 451.
Selective Service and Training Act, enactment, 84.
Strategic materials, U.S.
acquisition of, 63, 431.
870
National
emergency, U.S.:
Limited, proclamation of President Roosevelt (Sept. 1939), 69.
Unlimited, address by President Roosevelt (May 27, 1941), 106, 662.
National
Guard, U.S., call to active service, 80, 544.
Naval and air
bases:
British, exchange for U.S. destroyers, 83, 564, 568.
Indochinese, use by Japan, 123, 698.
Naval
armaments, treaty for limitation (1936), 40, 317.
Naval
Conference, London (1935‑36), 39, 317.
Naval program, U.S. See National defense, U.S.
Naval Treaty
of 1922, Washington, Japanese denunciation of (1934), 12, 244.
Netherlands:
German invasion of, 75, 523.
Monroe Doctrine, statement by U.S., 78, 79, 555, 560.
Netherlands
Indies:
Japanese policy regarding, 93, 532.
Status quo, maintenance of, 92, 515.
Neutrality,
action of American republics at Panama Conference (1939), 70, 488.
Neutrality
acts, U.S. See under United States.
Nine‑power
Treaty (Washington, 1922), 4, 6, 47, 50, 51, 140, 157, 164, 168, 215, 376, 386,
387, 390, 393, 801.
Nomura,
Kichisaburo (Japanese Ambassador to U.S.), conversations:
Hull, Secretary, 118, 120, 128, 129, 130, 134‑135, 137, 138, 140,
142, 145, 146, 620, 653, 709, 712, 720, 724, 745, 750, 754, 756, 789, 792, 799,
801, 802, 807, 810, 812, 817, 823, 826.
Roosevelt, President, 125, 127, 128, 129, 137, 143, 699, 705, 709, 712,
789, 814.
Welles, Summer, 123, 693.
North China. See China.
Norway, German
invasion of, 72, 515.
Oil, U.S.
export to Japan, 126, 703.
Oumansky,
Constantine A. (Soviet Ambassador to U.S.), warning by Under Secretary Welles
of imminent German attack on Soviet Union, 110, 638.
Pact of Paris.
See Kellogg‑Briand Pact.
Panama
Conference (1939), 70, 488.
Panay incident (Dec. 12, 1937), 52, 395, 396.
Paraguay,
boundary dispute with Bolivia, 26.
Pearl Harbor,
rumors of attack by Japan (Jan. 1941), 118, 618; attack (Dec. 7, 1941), 147,
839, 842.
Philippine
Islands, 121, 123, 127, 146, 147, 517, 532, 659, 661, 678, 680, 706, 750, 840.
Phillips,
William (U.S. Ambassador to Italy), report of Mussolini's reply to President
Roosevelt's appeal (May 1, 1940), 73, 520.
Poland:
German demands upon, 67.
German invasion of, 69, 483.
Roosevelt, President, appeal of (Aug. 24, 1939), 68, 478.
"Quarantine"
address by President Roosevelt (Oct. 5, 1937), 49, 383.
Raw materials,
letter of Secretary Hull to President Roosevelt (Oct. 21, 1938), 63, 431.
Reynaud, Paul
(Premier of France), U.S. aid to France, appeals and replies (June 1940), 77,
549, 550, 551, 552.
Rights and
duties of states, convention on (Dec. 26, 1933), 26, 199.
Robin Moor, sinking by German submarine, 109, 674.
Roosevelt,
Franklin D.:
American security, threat to (address to Congress, Jan. 6, 1941), 99,
608.
Arms, ammunition, etc., transport to China' and Japan (statement, Sept.
14, 1937), 49, 380.
Arms embargo,
removal of‑
Address to
Congress (Sept. 21, 1939), 486.
871
Roosevelt, Franklin D.‑Continued.
Arms embargo, removal of‑Con.
Message to
Congress (July 14, 1939), 66, 468.
Press release
(July 18, 1939), 67, 474.
Arms embargo, statement regarding (Aug. 31, 1935), 25, 271.
"Arsenal of democracy" (address, Dec. 29, 1940), 87, 599.
Atlantic Charter (Aug. 14, 1941), 111, 151, 717.
Conversations‑
Kurusu and
Nomura,
1941, Nov. 17: U.S.‑Japanese
relations, 137, 789.
1941, Nov. 27: Peaceful
solution of Pacific problems, 143, 814.
Nomura,
Kichisaburo,
1941, July 24:
Neutralization of Indochina, 125, 699.
1941, Aug. 6: Neutralization
of Indochina, 127, 128, 705, 709.
1941, Aug. 17: Warning to
Japan, 129, 712.
Schacht,
Hjalmar,
1933, May 6: Armament, 10,
179.
Dangers,
international, warnings of, 14, 34, 35, 37, 49, 54, 62, 69, 71, 72, 75, 76, 80,
83, 86, 99, 101, 106, 109, 113, 115, 204, 289, 304, 314, 323, 383, 403, 447,
451, 483, 507, 515, 523, 527, 542, 545, 564, 599, 608, 631, 662, 674, 737, 761.
Declaration of
war, proposed Constitutional amendment (opposition expressed to Speaker of
House, Jan. 6, 1938), 54, 400, 401.
Denmark,
German invasion of (denunciation, Apr. 13, 1940), 72, 515.
Disarmament,
offensive weapons, elimination of (message to heads of states, May 16, 1933), 9‑10,
179.
European
crisis, appeals to‑
Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, and Great Britain, and replies (Sept.
26, 1938), 58, 425, 426, 427.
Roosevelt,
Franklin D.‑Continued.
European crisis, appeals to‑Con.
Hitler (Sept.
27, 1938), 59, 428.
Mussolini
(Sept. 27, 1938), 59, 427.
European visit of Under Secretary of State Welles (statement, Mar. 29,
1939), 72, 514.
European war-
Appeals to,
Hitler (Apr. and Aug. 1939),
64, 68, 455, 477, 479, 483.
King Victor Emmanuel III
(Aug. 23, 1939), 67, 475.
Mussolini (Apr. 1939, Apr.
and May 1940), 64, 72, 74, 75, 455, 519, 520, 526, 537, 538; replies (May and
June, 1940), 73, 74, 75, 520, 522, 536, 544.
Polish President (Aug.
1939), 68, 478.
Attitude of
U.S. toward (address, Sept. 3, 1939), 69, 483.
Menace to U.S.
(address to Congress, Jan. 3, 1940), 71, 507.
Four Freedoms (address, Jan. 6, 1941), 99, 608.
Freedom of the seas (address, Sept. 11, 1941), 113, 737.
French Fleet, disposition of (message to French Government, June 17,
1940), 78, 553.
Greece, aid to (message to King George, Dec. 5, 1940), 102, 595.
Iceland, arrival of U.S. forces in (message to Congress, July 7, 1941),
111, 686.
Indochina, Japanese forces in (memorandum, Dec. 2, 1941), 146, 823.
Italian‑Ethiopian conflict (message to Mussolini, Aug. 18, 1935),
29, 266.
Italy, entrance into European war (condemnation, June 10, 1940), 76,
545.
Japan‑
Assets in
U.S., freezing of (E.O., July 26, 1941), 127, 704.
Peace in the
Pacific (message to Emperor Hirohito, Dec. 6, 1941), 147, 829; reply (Dec. 7,
1941), 148, 149, 838.
871
Roosevelt,
Franklin D,‑Continued.
Japan‑Continued.
U.S. oil
shipments to (remarks to Volunteer Participation Committee, July 24, 1941),
126, 703.
Warning to,
conference with Churchill (Aug. 1941), 129.
Konoye,
Fumimaro‑
Four
principles of international accord (message to Konoye, Sept. 3, 1941), 131,
728.
Proposed
meeting, 130, 134‑135, 720, 724, 745, 750, 754, 756.
Lend‑lease aid (address, Mar. 15, 1941), 100, 631.
Low Countries, German invasion of (address, May 10, 1940), 75, 523.
Monetary and
Economic and Disarmament Conferences, message to heads of participating
governments (May 16, 1933), 179n.
National
defense‑
Airplanes,
request for (May 16, 1940), 80, 527.
Appropriations
for (messages to Congress, Jan., May 1940), 80, 527.
Battleships,
construction of (announcement, Jan. 8, 1937), 44, 354.
Budget message
to Congress (Jan. 1941), 99.
Military
program, recommendations (Jan. 28, 1938), 54, 403.
Naval program,
recommendations (Jan. 28, 1938), 54, 403.
Preparations
for (address, Oct. 27, 1941), 117, 767.
Recommendations
for strengthening (messages to Congress, Jan. 28, 1938 and Jan. 12, 1939), 54,
62, 403, 451.
U.S. policy,
regarding (letter to Daughters of American Revolution, Apr. 20, 1936), 43,
315.
National
emergency, U.S.‑
Limited
(Proclamation, Sept. 1939), 69.
Unlimited
(address, May 27, 1941), 106, 662.
Roosevelt,
Franklin D.‑Continued.
Neutrality Act, revision (message to Congress, Oct. 9, 1941), 115, 761.
Neutrality legislation, inadequacy of (message to Congress, Jan. 4,
1939), 62, 447.
Neutrality proclamation (Sept. 5, 1939), 69.
Norway, German invasion of (denunciation, Apr. 13, 1940), 72, 515.
"Quarantine" address (Oct. 5, 1937), 49, 383.
Robin Moor, sinking by German submarine (message to Congress,
June 20, 1941), 109, 674.
Russia, aid to, joint message to Stalin from Roosevelt and Churchill
(Aug. 15, 1941), 113, 711.
War with Axis powers (address, Dec. 9, 1941), 149, 842.
World Court, U.S. membership advocated (message to Senate, Jan. 16,
1935), 21, 245.
Yugoslavia, message to (Feb. 14, 1941), 103, 619.
Rosso, Augusto
(Italian Ambassador to U.S.), Italian‑Ethiopian conflict, conversations
with Secretary Hull (July 10 and Nov. 22, 1935), 29, 32, 275, 293.
Rubber,
British, exchange for U.S. cotton, 63.
Rumania:
German aggression against Yugoslavia, instructions to U.S. Minister,
103, 638.
Tripartite Pact, adherence to, 103.
Russia. See Soviet Union.
Saito, Hirosi
(Japanese Ambassador to U.S.), conversations with Secretary Hull:
Peace in Asia (May 1934), 19, 20, 220, 223.
Sino‑Japanese situation (July 1937), 45, 46, 368, 371.
Schacht,
Hjalmar (President of the Reichsbank), conversation with President Roosevelt
(May 6, 1933), 10, 179.
Selective
Service and Training Act, enactment, 84.
872
Sessa, sinking by German submarine, 113.
Sino‑Japanese
war (see also China; Japan)
Burma Road, closing, 94, 562; reopening, 95.
China, Japanese attack on (1937), 45‑53.
Chinese civilians, bombing of, 89, 421, 422.
Manchuria, Japanese conquest of (1931‑32),4‑8.
"Moral embargoes" against Japan, 89, 97, 421, 422.
North China, attempted Japanese promotion of "autonomy movement",
38; Hull statement regarding (Dec. 5, 1935), 38, 301.
Puppet regime at Nanking, Japanese treaty with (1940), 132.
U.S. nationals in China, Japanese interference with (protest by
Secretary Hull, Dec. 31, 1938), 90, 441.
Southern
Indochina. See Indochina.
Soviet Union:
Aid to, joint message to Stalin from Churchill and Roosevelt (Aug. 15,
1941), 113, 711.
Communist International, 41, 341.
German attack on, 110, 683.
Germany, non‑aggression treaty with, 67, 92.
Japan, reported plan for attack by, 123, 685, 691.
Spain, civil
conflict:
Outbreak, 36.
U.S. non‑interference policy, 36, 322, 329, 419.
U.S. prohibition of export of arms, 37, 353, 419.
Stalin,
Joseph, aid to Russia, joint message from Roosevelt and Churchill (Aug. 15,
1941), 113, 711.
Steel Seafarer, sinking by German submarine, 113.
Stimson, Henry
L. (Secretary of State, 1929‑33):
China, Japanese territorial ambitions in, conversation with Ambassador
Debuchi (Jan. 5, 1933), 6, 175.
Stimson, Henry
L.‑Continued.
Lytton Commission report, U.S. accord with (letter to Secretary
General of League of Nations, Feb. 25, 1933), 7, 176.
Manchuria
situation‑
Irreconcilability
with treaty obligations (letter to Senator Borah, Feb. 23, 1932), 6, 168.
Japan's
responsibility for liquidation of (memorandum to Ambassador Debuchi, Sept.
22, 1931), 4, 156.
Kellogg‑Briand
Pact, obligations under (identic notes to China and Japan, Oct. 20, 1931), 4,
157.
League of
Nations attitude regarding (note to Secretary General of League, Oct. 5,
1931), 4, 157.
U.S. policy
regarding (identic notes to China and Japan, Jan. 7, 1932), 5, 159.
U.S.‑British
invocation of Kellogg-Briand Pact and Nine‑power Treaty (proposal, Feb.
1932), 5, 164.
Strategic
materials:
Cotton, exchange for rubber, U.S. and Great Britain (1939), 63.
Stock‑piles, legislation for acquisition of, 63.
Sudetenland. See Czechoslovakia.
Suvich, Fulvio
de (Italian Ambassador to U.S.), conversation with Secretary Hull, European
cooperation in inter‑American peace program (July 6,1937), 42, 366.
Toyoda,
Teijiro (Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs), peace with China, basic terms
(text handed to Ambassador Grew, Sept. 22, 1941), 744.
Tripartite
Pact (Germany, Italy, and Japan, Sept. 27, 1940), 84, 85, 96, 103, 119, 121,
122, 133, 135, 139, 140, 141, 145, 573, 574, 623, 658, 678, 736, 773, 789, 792,
800, 817; adherence of other countries, 103.
United
Nations, Declaration by (Jan. 1, 1942), 151, 850.
873
United States (see
also Hull; National defense, U.S.; Roosevelt; and entries under other countries):
Army, expansion program (1935‑37), 44, 315, 354.
Constitution, proposed amendment regarding declaration of war
(opposition of President Roosevelt and Secretary Hull, Jan. 6 and 8, 1938),
54, 400, 401.
Destroyers, exchange for British naval and air bases, 83, 564, 568.
Export Control Act (July 2, 1940), 97, 576.
Lend‑lease Act (Mar. 11, 1941), 100, 612, 627; aid thereunder,
101, 109, 116, 631, 639, 764.
Merchant ships‑
Arming of,
115, 761.
Prohibition
against arming of, 70, 500.
National Guard, call to active service, 80, 544.
Nationals‑
Extension of
credit to Japan, discouragement of, 90.
Japanese
interference with in China (protest by Secretary Hull, Dec. 31, 1938), 90, 441.
Neutrality
acts‑
1935 (Aug. 31)
and 1936 (Feb. 29), 25, 31, 33, 35, 66, 266, 271, 313, 314, 355, 487, 506, 761.
1937 (May 1),
49, 66, 355, 380, 484, 506.
1939 (Nov. 4),
69, 70, 115‑117, 494, 761, 765, 787.
Vinson naval bill (1934), 28.
War‑
German
declaration of (Dec. 11, 1941), 150, 848, 849.
Italian
declaration of (Dec. 11, 1941), 150, 850.
Japanese
attack against Pearl Harbor (Dec. 7, 1941), 147, 839, 842.
Japanese
notification of existence of (Dec. 8, 1941), 149, 841.
U.S.
declarations of existence of, Japan
(Dec. 8, 1941), 149, 840, 841; Germany and Italy (Dec. 11, 1941), 150, 848,
849, 850.
U.S.S.R. See Soviet Union.
Vessels. See Merchant ships; Warships.
Victor
Emmanuel III (King of Italy),
Roosevelt's appeal to (Aug. 23, 1939), 67, 475.
Vinson naval
bill (1934), 28.
Wang,
Chengting (Chinese Ambassador to the U.S.), conversation with Secretary Hull,
Sino‑Japanese situation (July 21, 1937), 46, 371.
War. See European war; Italy: Ethiopian
conquest; Sino‑Japanese war; and
the individual countries.
Warships, U.S.
national‑defense program regarding, 44, 354.
Washington
Conference (1922), 47, 51, 376, 389.
Washington
Naval Treaty of 1922, 12, 47, 244, 376.
Welles, Sumner
(Under Secretary of State):
Addresses‑
Axis world‑conquest
aims a menace to U.S. (Nov. 11, 1941), 137, 776, 784.
Neutrality of
the Americas (Panama Conference, 1939), 70, 488.
Conversations‑
Nomura,
Kichisaburo, July 23, 1941: Occupation of southern Indochina, 123, 693.
Oumansky,
Constantine A., Mar. 20, 1941: Reports of intended German attack on Russia,
110, 638.
874
Welles, Sumner‑Continued.
Czechoslovakia, German invasion of
(condemnation of Mar. 17, 1939), 64, 454.
Europe, visit to (1939), 71; statement of President Roosevelt
regarding, 72, 514.
Indochina, Japanese bases in (statement, July 24,1941), 124, 698.
Russia, German attack on (statement, June 23, 1941), 110, 683.
Western
Hemisphere, defense of, 83, 564, 568.
Wilson, Hugh
R. (U.S. Minister to Switzerland 1927‑37; Ambassador to Germany 1938‑39)
Reports on German military preparations (Nov. 1935; Jan. 1936), 36,
291, 308.
Return to U.S. (1938), 61, 439.
World Court,
U.S. membership advocated, message from President Roosevelt to the Senate
(Jan. 16, 1935), 21, 245.
World Economic
Conference, 179.
Wuest, Lt.
Col. Jacob W. S. (U.S. Military Attaché at Berlin), report on German‑Japanese
entente (May 1934), 16, 222.
Yoshida,
Shigeru (Japanese Ambassador to Great Britain), Japan's policy in Asia,
conversation with Secretary Hull (June 12, 1936), 40, 319.
Yugoslavia:
Invasion of, 103, 638.
Roosevelt message to (Feb. 14, 1941), 103, 619.
World situation, instructions to U.S. Minister regarding, 102, 619.