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Article: 1 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Date: 14 Apr 94 16:53:43 EST
Organization: University of Scranton
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Hi Folks!

	Now that we have a newsgroup, maybe we should try to come up with 
a FAQ...Anybody have any questions that they think should be there?

	How about having a list of beekeeping organizations for folks to
contact. The April issue of BEE CULTURE has suck a list that we could probably
scan and post. They are listed by state and county/province for the US and
Canada, if I remember correctly. Maybe we can add the ones for other countries
that are represented here. Just a thought...

-- 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Dave D. Cawley		   |	Where a social revolution is pending and,
University Of Scranton	   |	for whatever reason, is not accomplished,
ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu	   |	reaction is the alternative.
ddc1@SCRANTON		   |				-Daniel De Leon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!rbrown Fri Apr 15 10:08:32 EDT 1994
Article: 2 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rbrown@ncsa.uiuc.edu (Rich Brown)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: A lesson for us all
Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 22:14:58 GMT
Organization: Nat'l Ctr for Supercomp App (NCSA) @ University of Illinois
Lines: 18
Message-ID: <1994Apr14.221458.25556@ncsa.uiuc.edu>
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Originator: rbrown@space.ncsa.uiuc.edu

This is really an amazing coincidence.  I just finished typing a story I
wanted to share with the group, about a similar incident that happened to
me!

In article <2ok8u6$clv@csugrad.cs.vt.edu> dbush@csugrad.cs.vt.edu (David Bush) writes:
>I was working as an apprentice one summer a few years back. Went to take a
>swig of water through my veil. One sneaky devil got me on the upper lip.
>My co-workers thought I looked just swell, ha ha ha. So watch out for the
>sneaky ones! If this message serves to save one person's lips it will not
>have been in vain. :(()
>
>David

I was much luckier than David.  I managed not to get stung.  The story follows
in a separate post.

Rich
--


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Article: 3 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rbrown@ncsa.uiuc.edu (Rich Brown)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Grandma Kept Bees
Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 22:18:54 GMT
Organization: Nat'l Ctr for Supercomp App (NCSA) @ University of Illinois
Lines: 129
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Just wanted to say hello to all beekeepers.  Although I haven't had my hand
in for a while, I used to help my grandma with her hives when I was a kid.  I
expect that when I retire I will keep a couple of hives, just for old times'
sake.

When I was a teenager in the 60's and couldn't get a real job, my grandma
hired me at 65 cents an hour to help her with her business.  Since it was
agricultural in nature, she was exempt from the minimum wage laws.  At that
time there were no penalties either, for hiring illegal aliens, so she did
that too.  No, I wasn't a "wetback" but I worked alongside several.  Shrewd
businesswoman that my grandma was, I and my Mexican co-workers were a source
of cheap labor for her.

I'm originally from southeastern New Mexico (virtual Texas, really), and I
guess you could say my grandma was the "Queen Bee" of honey-farming in that
region.  She had over 200 hives scattered over as many square miles, and each
day around sunrise -- except on Sundays -- we'd hop into her old Ford pickup
with our sack lunches, plenty of water, and the back end filled with empty
supers and hive tools.  Not that the supers were _really_ empty:  Each one
had (is it 10 or 12?) frames in it, and each frame held a latticework of
beeswax honeycomb, empty but eager to be filled with sweet nectar.  Then we'd
drive to one of the 35 or so places where there would be a half-dozen hives,
and start robbing honey.

Usually it was just the three of us, Grandma, Jorge and me, and by the time
we'd hit each location, the hives we'd started at would be full again, and
the cycle would continue.  Sometimes we'd manage to hit two places per day,
sometimes only one.  Often there would be a two-hour drive each way, since
the area is in the Great Chihuahuan Desert, and water was scarce.  Only some
parts of the region are arable, so the hives were mostly near farms that
were watered by irrigation.  Some hives were actually _in_ the desert though,
so that Grandma could market her "Cactus Honey" too, along with the more
plentiful clover and alfalfa honeys.  It was easy for Grandma to persuade the
farmers to let us put the hives on their land, since as every good farmer
knows, bees are essential for pollination.

Now, my grandma was an avid fly-fisherman, so it was no accident that many
of the sites were near fishing holes.  Many were the times when we'd park the
truck, pile out, and Grandma would say, "Start with that'n yonder, I'm gonna
see if the fish are bitin'."  Then she'd disappear over the ridge and go
down by the river, under a shade tree, and start casting.

Meanwhile, Jorge and I would be suited up from head to toe in our gear,
sweating in the 100-degree heat (but it was a _dry_ heat), stuffing old rags
into our smokers and getting ready to rob the hives.  Smart woman, my grandma.

Prying the lid off the topmost super of a hive, we'd check its contents.  If
it wasn't full yet, and all capped off, we'd use the smokers to encourage the
bees to descend into the next lower super.  Then we'd dislodge the topmost
one and set it aside.  Usually that second super was full -- Grandma had an
uncanny knack for getting the hives to just the right height so that we never
had to set the second one aside too, since the bees filled the supers from
the bottom up.  They were very cooperative, I thought.

Well, then we'd continue gently blowing the smoke into the super, and most of
the bees would gladly crawl down toward the queen, in the bottom of the hive.
Sometimes a few particularly diligent workers would refuse to budge.  Prying
loose a frame and removing it from the super with a clamp, we used brushes to
flick those little gals back into the hive.  Then we'd set each bulging frame
into an empty super; when a super was loaded with frames, Jorge and I would
take turns carrying the eighty-pound load back to the pickup.  Whoever wasn't
hauling a super that time would pry the now-empty super off the hive, and
begin the process once more.  We'd carry a "fresh" super back from the truck
each time we hauled a full one.

Usually we didn't rob the super just above the queen's oversized "super" at
the bottom of the hive (I forget the technical term for it).  Instead, we'd
pry it loose from the queen's super, and hold it aside for a few seconds,
filled with honey and buzzing bees -- must've weighed a hundred pounds.  Then
we'd place a fresh super directly above the queen's, and place the unrobbed
super atop that.  Then we'd stack the rest of the fresh supers above it, and
replace the lid.  Now we were ready to rob the next hive.  But first it was
_breaktime_!

I remember that hives seemed to have "moods".  Sometimes the least wisp of
smoke would seem to put the whole hive to sleep, and it was very easy to
rob the hive without any argument from the bees.  Other times it seemed as if
the hive was collectively saying, "Not now!  We've got work to do!" and we'd
have to smoke and brush, smoke and brush, constantly to coerce the little
devils into letting us collect the fruits of their labor.  I always thought
it had something to do with the weather -- humidity or temperature or
barometric pressure, or wind or something.  I remember that desert anthills
too would be quite busy just before a rainstorm, and I thought it must be an
adaptive behavior of colonial insects, to be able to predict the weather, or
something like that.

One day while I was taking a break, I removed my gloves and my netted hat and
took a long drink of cold water.  Closing my eyes to keep out the sweat, I
mopped my brow with a big bandana.  The gentle wind felt good, evaporating the
sweat as it still oozed from my pores.  I turned to face the sun with my eyes
remaining closed and just basked there for a moment, breathing deeply.

I felt something tickling my upper lip and thought, "It could be just a fly,
but it might be a bee or a yellowjacket or even a mud-dauber.  Or it might be
that loco Jorge playing a trick on me."  In any case, I figured, it would be
best to ignore my first impulse, to reach up and scratch my lip.  So, other-
wise still motionless, I opened my eyes and looked crosseyed past my nose,
down at my lip.

There she was, walking this way and that, her multi-faceted eyes peering up
my right nostril.  No!  Don't even think about it!  Well, sure enough, the
warm moist cavern must have looked like an ineresting place to explore, and
that little bee crawled right in.  I almost panicked, but I had the presence
of mind to breathe in slowly and deeply as I lifted my left hand. Pressing
my left nostril closed, I then performed the "farmer blow" and ejected her
as if she were so much snot.  I felt sorry for her, but it was either her
or me!

Unaware of my predicament, Jorge and Grandma had a little trouble at first
understanding why I had suddenly started pacing vigorously back and forth as
I launched into the most proverbial cursing-a-blue-streak that they'd ever
heard from me.  It only took a few minutes before I calmed down enough to
explain to them what had happened.

My grandmother was a remakable woman.  At a time when most women did not even
work outside the home, she had already spent 35 years in business for herself.
She retired from beekeeping, but before that she had engaged in a number of
other businesses.  I will always remember her as a liberated woman, years
ahead of her time.

Maybe I'll post some more remembrances another day.  But now, it's _breaktime_!

Rich
--
-- 
   Rich Brown, Programmer, Computing & Communications
   National Center for Supercomputing Applications
   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
   +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf Fri Apr 15 10:08:34 EDT 1994
Article: 4 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Grandma Kept Bees
Date: 14 Apr 1994 23:53:50 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
Lines: 6
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 Thanks, your story removed me from my long day...and out to the bee-yard.
Adam
--
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf Fri Apr 15 10:08:35 EDT 1994
Article: 5 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Date: 15 Apr 1994 00:20:08 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
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 I think Mr. Rick Hough is working on a FAQ.
rshough@tasc.com
He might need some help/suggestions.

Adam
--

Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!panix!not-for-mail Fri Apr 15 10:08:36 EDT 1994
Article: 6 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: nhirsch@panix.com (Norman Hirsch)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Grandma Kept Bees
Date: 14 Apr 1994 21:24:01 -0400
Organization: PANIX Public Access Internet and Unix, NYC
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nice article.  I'm an ex-beekeeper now living in New York City.  I'd be
interested in hearing about anyone keeping bees in a big city.

Best regards,

Norman Hirsch


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.umbc.edu!usenet Fri Apr 15 10:08:37 EDT 1994
Article: 7 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: strow@umbc.edu (L. Larrabee Strow)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee Tree
Date: 15 Apr 1994 01:57:09 GMT
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 After having at least one hive for about 12 years I lost my bees to
thoractic mites 2 years ago. Since I have my own business, 2 small
kids,too many gardens etc. ,I have not had time to get it together for
another hive. I have been lamenting that I have no bees on the property
and since I was the only beekeeper in the neighborhood I really felt
the loss.
 I was so excited to see that we have a real bee tree down near our
creek. It seems very active and they are about15 feet up going in under
a dead branch.       
 I love having them even if I never harvest . Has anyone had a long
time bee tree? Was it a stable hive ? I'd love more info.and or
stories. Thank you and I know I have so much to learn.   

  Van Wensil


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Article: 8 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Organization: University of Maine System
Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 19:33:51 EDT
From: <MELJOHN@MAINE.MAINE.EDU>
Message-ID: <94104.193351MELJOHN@MAINE.MAINE.EDU>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Looking for books
References: <1994Apr14.183955.268@alw.nih.gov>
Lines: 19

The books are:

    Aebi, Ormond and Harry. The Art and Adventure of Beekeeping.
      Santa Cruz, Ca.:  Unity Press, 1975.  (Reprint: Emmaus, Pa.:
      Rodale Press, 1983.)

    Aebi, Ormond and Harry.  Mastering the Art of Beekeeping.  Santa
      Cruz, Ca.:  Unity Press, 1979.

They are out of print.  If you want copies of them, do the following:

a)  Contact a local used book dealer and ask her to do a search for you.
 It'll cost you a buck or so and you might get lucky.  Or,
b)  Go to your local library with the info above and ask them to get them for y
you on inter-library loan.  Once you have your hands on them I'm sure you can f
figure what to do!

BTW, I thought this was SCI.agriculture.beekeeping and already ART is rearing
its ugly head!


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!library.ucla.edu!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!news.acns.nwu.edu!merle.acns.nwu.edu!pccheng Fri Apr 15 10:08:40 EDT 1994
Article: 9 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Date: 15 Apr 1994 03:11:22 GMT
Organization: Northwestern University, Evanston IL
Lines: 20
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In article <2okmjo$qu0@solaris.cc.vt.edu>,
Adam Finkelstein <adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu> wrote:
> I think Mr. Rick Hough is working on a FAQ.
>rshough@tasc.com
>He might need some help/suggestions.
>
>Adam

Perhaps Tom Sanford (U. of Florida) and Eric Mussen (UC Davis) can be
persuaded to post their respective newsletters on this group.  

Any beekeepers in the Chicago area who will let me at their drones?!!

Cheers!
Paul
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu)
Northwestern University Medical School, MSTP-1
Ward Bldg. Box 213
Chicago, IL 60611


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!panix!ddsw1!not-for-mail Fri Apr 15 10:08:41 EDT 1994
Article: 10 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: justice@MCS.COM (Michael Justice)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: What to do about mites? (was Re: Bee Tree)
Date: 15 Apr 1994 00:07:45 -0500
Organization: MCSNet Subscriber, Chicago, IL
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In article <2oks9l$a6j@news.umbc.edu> strow@umbc.edu (L. Larrabee Strow) writes:
> After having at least one hive for about 12 years I lost my bees to
>thoractic mites 2 years ago.

What can small beekeepers do about mites, and does anyone know how they
get spread??  Both of the beekeepers I know have lost all their hives
(four for one, six for the other) to the evil little buggers.  This was
years ago, about the time that the mites started making headlines.

I read somewhere that placing blocks coated with menthol in the hives
can kill the mites, but will also ruin the honey.

			-- Michael.
-- 
Michael A. Justice    \ "Bizarre diseases will continue to spawn in the
justice@genesis.mcs.com) developing countries.  We're all hoping for one
NRA Life / ILA / TCA  /  that kills only lawyers."  -- P.J. O'Rourke
Libertarian Party    / PGP PUBLIC KEY:  finger -l justice@genesis.mcs.com


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Article: 11 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rah@netcom.com (Richard Hyde)
Subject: Re: Looking for books
Message-ID: <rahCoACDz.BzK@netcom.com>
Organization: NETCOM On-line Communication Services (408 241-9760 guest)
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Chris Gonna' Find Ray Charles Tate (fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov) wrote:
: I'm trying to locate the books by the Aebi's.  The first is called
: "Mastering the Art of Beekeeping;" I can't recall the name of the
: second.

As far as I know, the Aebi's still live in Santa Cruz, CA.  You
might try calling them.  I really enjoyed those books, but looking
at my shelf I seem to have misplaced mine  :-(

Rick

-- 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   Richard Hyde  |  RaH@netcom.com  |  This space intentionally left blank  |  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------


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Article: 12 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: matchstic@aol.com (Matchstic)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Looking for books
Date: 15 Apr 1994 01:11:08 -0400
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In article <1994Apr14.183955.268@alw.nih.gov>, fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov (Chris
Gonna' Find Ray Charles Tate) writes:

 Try Wicwas Press
 They have a great list both of current books in print and an equally neat list
of older and antique books.
 1-203-250-7575
 Hope this helps
 mike vincent
 matchstic@aol.com


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From: matchstic@aol.com (Matchstic)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Newsletter swap
Date: 15 Apr 1994 01:14:05 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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 Im looking for Bee associations around the world to swap newsletters with.
 I'm the editor of my local hobbiest group's newsletter. It comes out monthly
,usually 4 pages.
 Any takers?
 mike vincent
 matchstic@aol.com


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Article: 14 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Allergic reaction 
Message-ID: <1994Apr15.110622.3121@et.tudelft.nl>
From: wekken@ddtc.et.tudelft.nl (Peter van der Wekken)
Date: 15 Apr 94 11:06:21 +0200
Distribution: world
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Hi beekeepers,

Does anyone know of a cure and/or medication against allergic reactions
from a bee-sting.

-- 
Peter van der Wekken
Delft University of Technology          Phone:   +31 15 781708
Department of Electrical Engineering    Telefax: +31 15 623271
DIMES Design and Test Centre, 16th floor
Mekelweg 4, Delft 2628 CD
The Netherlands


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Article: 15 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov (Chris Gonna' Find Ray Charles Tate)
Subject: Looking for books
Message-ID: <1994Apr14.183955.268@alw.nih.gov>
Sender: postman@alw.nih.gov (AMDS Postmaster)
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Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 18:39:55 GMT
Lines: 14

I'm trying to locate the books by the Aebi's.  The first is called
"Mastering the Art of Beekeeping;" I can't recall the name of the
second.

Border's bookstore here doesn't have them listed, and so I suspect
that they're out of print.  Does anyone know where I might locate a
copy, or perhaps write to a publisher for a stock copy (or at worst,
copy permission, on the off-chance that I could ever find a library
copy of one)?

---------------------------------------------------------------
Christopher Tate             |  "So he dropped the heart - 
MSD, Inc.                    |     the floor's clean."
fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov    |                 - Sidney Harris


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Article: 16 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Looking for books
Date: 15 Apr 1994 10:32:05 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
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: BTW, I thought this was SCI.agriculture.beekeeping and already ART is rearing
: its ugly head!

 AGRICULTURE takes the ART part, for agriculture is truly a blending
between art and science!

Adam
--
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|


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Article: 17 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jfinn@ll.mit.edu (Joe Finnivan)
Subject: How much time ?
Message-ID: <1994Apr15.102013.7264@ll.mit.edu>
Originator: jfinn@ll.mit.edu (Joe Finnivan)
Sender: news@ll.mit.edu
Reply-To: jfinn@ll.mit.edu (Joe Finnivan)
Organization: MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington MA
Date: Fri, 15 Apr 94 10:20:13 GMT
Lines: 18



I'm happy to see this new group.  I don't keep bees
but have been interested and toying with the idea for
years.  I live on a 5 acre piece of land that is mostly
a grassy field with scattered trees.  I'm going to be
planting a dozen fruit trees next week and I'm giving
serious though to starting some hives.  My question
is this:  How much time can I expect to be spending
maintaining a few hives ?  Do I have to work at them
every day, every few days, etc ?  Also, how much honey
can I expect to get from a few hives ?

Thanks for any help.

Joe
jfinn@ll.mit.edu



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Article: 18 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Date: 15 Apr 94 06:56:35 EST
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In article <2ol0kq$4r6@news.acns.nwu.edu>, pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng) writes:
> 
> Any beekeepers in the Chicago area who will let me at their drones?!!

	HEY! Take it to alt.sex, buddy! Boy Start a nice little group about
beekeeping and all the sickos show up...SHEESH!  8-}


~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Dave D. Cawley		   |	Where a social revolution is pending and,
University Of Scranton	   |	for whatever reason, is not accomplished,
ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu	   |	reaction is the alternative.
ddc1@SCRANTON		   |				-Daniel De Leon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



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Article: 19 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: david@roentgen.demon.co.uk (Dr David Lauckner)
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Subject: Re: Allergic reaction 
Organization: Wansbeck Radiology Department
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References: <1994Apr15.110622.3121@et.tudelft.nl>
Date: Fri, 15 Apr 1994 13:08:52 +0000
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wekken@ddtc.et.tudelft.nl (Peter van der Wekken) writes:
: Hi beekeepers,
: 
: Does anyone know of a cure and/or medication against allergic reactions
: from a bee-sting.
: 

I used to suffer for a few days after a bee sting; painful
itching in an area 5-10 cms across around the sting point.
Perhaps the most annoying part was the sensitivity in this area
which would flare up again with minimal provocation. After 4 days
or so it would have settled completely.
I felt that an antihistamine might help in moderating the primary
response and decresing the sensitivity to recurrent itching over
the following days. 
The newer antihistamines have a rapid onset of action and much
less sedative side effect; additionally they are now available
over the counter from pharmacies. 
What I do is to take a tablet with me to the hives and take it
(slip it up under my veil) as soon as I feel a sting. This takes
a matter of a few seconds. I do not generally take one before
going to the hives although this would be quite reasonable.    
(but more expensive!)
Since adopting this policy I have found that I am happier when in
among the bees, and if I do get a sting I don't have the after
effects. 
Drugs used: Terfenadine, Cetirizine

Disclaimer: This is not necessarily sound medical advice; it is
just what I have found to be useful as a beekeeper.
--
Dr David Lauckner                        Phone: 0670-521212
Wansbeck General Hospital                Fax:   0670-529778
ASHINGTON, Northumberland        e-mail: david@roentgen.demon.co.uk
United Kingdom.


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Article: 20 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: u914097@student.canberra.edu.au (Feldman / Mark Jeffrey (ISE))
Subject: Is anyone working on a FAQ?
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Date: Fri, 15 Apr 94 15:23:30 GMT
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Subject line says it all! Anyone working on a FAQ to answer things like:

I wanna start my very own hive, how do I do this?
How much will a setup cost?
How much honey will I get?
But won't I get stung?????
etc...

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mark Feldman                               \\_==_o    Skydivers do 
E-mail : u914097@student.canberra.edu.au        \\    it at 120mph....
--------------------------------------------------------------------------



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Article: 21 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adwright@iastate.edu ()
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: WHy did my bees die this winter?
Date: 15 Apr 94 15:26:36 GMT
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This is my first hive.  Things seemed to be ok.  I had the varora mite
strips in there and put on menthol in the fall for tracheal mites.  The
-23 F lows concerned me, but two days after that i put my ear to the hive and
heard a lot of buzzing.  We had another cold snap but i could still hear
the buzzing, but this time could see a lot of dead beed that were thrown
out by their live brethern.  I checked a week later and all were dead.
I opened the hive to find several full combs of capped honey in places yet
all were dead.  The thing that seemed wierd was many of them were dead
right on the comb with their heads inside the cells. Many more were on 
the baseboard.
 They were not any funny looking color, they looked like bees do whern alive,
 so i guess that rules out chalkbrood and foulbrood.  Some were so intact
looking sitting on the combs that if i photographed them it would appear that
i had photographed live bees.  Know what I mean? 

I tried to find the queen but could not, though its very possible i
overlooked her. Does the fact that bees were found (dead) in several places in 
the hive might mean she died and they were scattered? Any clues as to what
 happened? I had not given them any antibiotics, is that a mistake?

I fed them all summer and took no honey since i wanted them to be strong
for the next year.  It is a big disappointment. Hope someone can help
me figure what i did wrong.

Many thanks
Allen



-- 




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From: edbu@sepia.wv.tek.com (Ed Burress)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: A lesson for us all
Date: 15 Apr 1994 08:54:20 -0700
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In article <2ok8u6$clv@csugrad.cs.vt.edu> dbush@csugrad.cs.vt.edu (David Bush) writes:
>swig of water through my veil. One sneaky devil got me on the upper lip.

David,  I have found that a sports-type squeeze bottle works well for this
application.  It can be a little messy at first, but with practice works well.
Never had one on the upper lip, Ouch!

On an unrelated note, has anyone heard of mites invading and destroying hives?
My mother who lives in the mid Willamette valley says that her hives, as well
as the neighbors (a large honey producer in the area) lost all of his hives.
Apparently, these mites have been responsible for destruction of quite a few
hives in Oregon and southern Washington.  She just replaced her bees with a
new shipment that is supposed to be more resistant to the mites.  Anybody else
heard of these, or lost any hives as a result?

-Ed



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Article: 23 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: nwbernst@unix.amherst.edu (Neil Bernstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Vergil's Fourth Georgic
Date: 15 Apr 1994 12:08:47 -0400
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Would anyone like to discuss Vergil's Fourth Georgic (the book on bees)?
I'll post more when I've finished it...

- Neil Bernstein
-- 
nwbernst@unix.amherst.edu, lentus in umbra  |  nudus ara, sere nudus...
in omnibus requiem quaesivi, et nusquam inveni nisi in angulo cum libro


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Article: 24 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: weedk@salmon.wv.tek.com (Kirk A Weedman)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bees
Date: 15 Apr 1994 10:09:27 -0700
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I'm planting a few acres of fruit trees this year and would like to
have some bees.  I'm sure the other farmers around me would like it
too.  So what would I need to start a beehive and how many bees/acre
of apple trees would I need?  If X is the amount then would 2X or more
be better or matter since there are hundreds of acres of farming around
me?
	Kirk   weedk@salmon.wv.tek.com



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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do about mites? (was Re: Bee Tree)
Date: 15 Apr 1994 16:23:49 GMT
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i lost my single hive to varroa last season. i'll be replacing it with two
more. i'm told that you must use varroa strips and remove them well before
harvesting. maybe someone else has had experience with the strips. btw,
i'm in southern california.

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov
all disclaimers apply


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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: A lesson for us all
Date: 15 Apr 1994 17:31:48 GMT
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Ed Burress (edbu@sepia.wv.tek.com) wrote:

[much deleted . . .]
: On an unrelated note, has anyone heard of mites invading and destroying hives?
: My mother who lives in the mid Willamette valley says that her hives, as well
: as the neighbors (a large honey producer in the area) lost all of his hives.
: Apparently, these mites have been responsible for destruction of quite a few
: hives in Oregon and southern Washington.  She just replaced her bees with a
: new shipment that is supposed to be more resistant to the mites.  Anybody else
: heard of these, or lost any hives as a result?
[more deletions . . .]

as i said elsewhere, i lost my only hive to mites . . . the bees abscond,
leaving an incredibly clean hive behind! mites are becoming endemic in the
u.s., i guess. there are medicated varroa strips that you can use, but you
must remove the strips some considerable time before harvesting honey.

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov
all disclaimers apply


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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Date: 15 Apr 1994 17:43:20 GMT
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This newsgroup is great!  Anyone know where I can get one of Dadant's out-of-print books on Bees and The Law?  It was written by someone in Virginia.

Also, I have postscript files of 4 articles that I published in ABJ last year on Beekeeping Business plans, finance applied to bee operations and one that I did on analyzing the affect of imported honey.  Will internet handle postscript docs?

David MacFawn
Master Beekeeper
Raleigh, North Carolina
  


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Article: 28 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: donb@crash.cts.com (Donald Bowen)
Subject: Bees and supers wanted
Organization: CTS Network Services (CTSNET/crash), San Diego, CA
Date: Fri, 15 Apr 1994 14:38:43 GMT
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	I am looking for some bees for sale in Souhern California. 
A friend is looking for some supers.

	DonB


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From: fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov (Chris Gonna' Find Ray Charles Tate)
Subject: Re: Looking for books
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In article <94104.193351MELJOHN@MAINE.MAINE.EDU>, <MELJOHN@MAINE.MAINE.EDU> writes:
>The books are:
>
>    Aebi, Ormond and Harry. The Art and Adventure of Beekeeping.
>      Santa Cruz, Ca.:  Unity Press, 1975.  (Reprint: Emmaus, Pa.:
>      Rodale Press, 1983.)
>
>    Aebi, Ormond and Harry.  Mastering the Art of Beekeeping.  Santa
>      Cruz, Ca.:  Unity Press, 1979.
>
> [... deletions ...]
>
>BTW, I thought this was SCI.agriculture.beekeeping and already ART is rearing
>its ugly head!

No smiley?  I'll take this as it stands, then....

I *believe* the Aebis hold the record for the most honey taken from a
single hive in a single (season? visit?).  On that strength alone I'd say
their books deserve a serious look by any serious beekeeping aficionado.
>From an outside reference to the books, I gather that they also didn't
use much in the way of protective garb, smoke, &c., so I'm curious as
to their approach.

(I'll forbear from an argument about whether or not it is desirable or
even possible to divorce science and art.  :-)

---------------------------------------------------------------
Christopher Tate             |  "So he dropped the heart - 
MSD, Inc.                    |     the floor's clean."
fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov    |                 - Sidney Harris


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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do about mites? (was Re: Bee Tree)
Date: 15 Apr 1994 17:57:45 GMT
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> After having at least one hive for about 12 years I lost my bees to
>thoractic mites 2 years ago.

>What can small beekeepers do about mites, and does anyone know how they
>get spread??  Both of the beekeepers I know have lost all their hives
>(four for one, six for the other) to the evil little buggers.  This was
>years ago, about the time that the mites started making headlines.

>I read somewhere that placing blocks coated with menthol in the hives
>can kill the mites, but will also ruin the honey.



It depends on what type of mites your a speaking about.  

For Tracheal mites, menthol works if the temperature is warm.  A lot of the bees today are just now starting to development some resistance to Tracheal mites.  During the last several years we have had a high hive mortality due to this mite but, the mites killed their hosts which ment they also died.  In nature for the mite to survive, the host or bee must also survive and not bee killed.  So, we are starting to see some resistance to the Tracheal mite.
Vegetable Shorting / sugar patties are also showing promise for controlling Tracheal, there was another article in either ABJ or Bee Culture on vegetable shorting patties this month.

Varroa mite is another story.  You need to use Apistan strips in the hive and not use the strips approx 6 weeks before or during the honey flow.  The strips should be left on 4-6 weeks, I can remember which, but read and follow the label directions.  Make sure that you do not leave the strips on longer, since this is a pesticide and the Varrora may very well develop resistance to the Apistan.  There already have been some reports of resistance to Apistan. We did have Miticur but it was recalled last year d
ue to a law suit.

The African bee is supposely resistant to both Tracheal and Varroa mites...maybe we can cross breed the littel devil.


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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bees and supers wanted
Date: 15 Apr 1994 19:14:26 GMT
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Donald Bowen (donb@crash.cts.com) wrote:
: 	I am looking for some bees for sale in Souhern California. 
: A friend is looking for some supers.

: 	DonB

don -

i'm getting two nuks from a fellow at l.a. honey. his name is chase walker
and the number is 213-264-2383 . . . this will be the first time i get my
bees from him, so i don't have any history to impart.

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov
all disclaimers apply


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From: mark@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (M.C. Rendina )
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mites
Date: 15 Apr 1994 19:55:20 GMT
Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana
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edbu@sepia.wv.tek.com (Ed Burress) writes:

>In article <2ok8u6$clv@csugrad.cs.vt.edu> dbush@csugrad.cs.vt.edu (David Bush)
>On an unrelated note, has anyone heard of mites invading and destroying hives?
>My mother who lives in the mid Willamette valley says that her hives, as well
>as the neighbors (a large honey producer in the area) lost all of his hives.
>Apparently, these mites have been responsible for destruction of quite a few
>hives in Oregon and southern Washington.  She just replaced her bees with a
>new shipment that is supposed to be more resistant to the mites.  Anybody else
>heard of these, or lost any hives as a result?

Yep.  Lost all three.  Mites are everywhere.  (I assume we're talking about the
same tracheal mite?)   In the Midwest, the bees live fine thru the summer 
(their life expectancy is shorter than it takes for the mites to kill them)
but in the winter, the hive dies.  A real bummer.  I'd never lost a colony
in the winter before.  Ouch.

Mark


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From: mark@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (M.C. Rendina )
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How much time ?
Date: 15 Apr 1994 20:04:10 GMT
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jfinn@ll.mit.edu (Joe Finnivan) writes:
>I'm happy to see this new group.  I don't keep bees
>but have been interested and toying with the idea for
>years.  

I'm happy to see it to.  I got interested in bees when I saw a show on T.V.
and then in junior high, I needed to build something in industrial arts!
What a perfect combo!

>I live on a 5 acre piece of land that is mostly
>a grassy field with scattered trees.  I'm going to be
>planting a dozen fruit trees next week and I'm giving
>serious though to starting some hives.  My question
>is this:  How much time can I expect to be spending
>maintaining a few hives ?  

When I asked this question as a young-un, a wise man reminded me that
bees have lived for millions of years without us.

>Do I have to work at them every day, every few days, etc ?  

If you're touching thme more than once a week, you're getting in their way.
When I went away to college, my bees did just fine without me.
I had to make sure the hive was the right size (mostly a spring-fall job),
harvest the honey, and that's about it.

>Also, how much honey can I expect to get from a few hives ?

Anywhere from zip to (what's the record?)  I think it was over 400 pounds.
50-100 is probably typical, but that's my midwestern hives.

=====================================================================
Mark Rendina                                    o        ___ __        
jedi@uiuc.edu               __/\o_     __o     < \        |  | \  |
University of Illinois               _ \<_    _/\         |  |_/  |
                                    (_)/(_)     /   Just  |  | \  |



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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Distance between hives
Date: 15 Apr 1994 22:15:14 GMT
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Howdy all,

I've been lurking on BEE-L for a while now, awaiting the big day, which 
is today: as I type I've got two 3 lbs packages of bees buzzing at me 
from across the room.  Needless to say I'm excited.  Question that I 
can't find the answer to in any of the books I've got:

How far apart should hives bee (min. and max.)?  Does it even matter?

Thanks,

Jordan


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From: pwtokar@csupomona.edu (Patrick Tokar)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: RE: How much time?
Date: 15 Apr 94 15:30:21 PST
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Really once a week is enough.  Basically you just have to watch that there are
no new queen cells (and if so why?) and check for disease and mites.  Acarapis
woodi and varroa jacobsoni are the only two mites you have to look out for.



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From: cholley@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Catherine T Holley)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Help,please!
Date: 16 Apr 1994 00:06:32 GMT
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I hope that this group will be able to help us out on a problem. If I'm in the 
wrong place, then just ignore this post. 3-4 years ago, a swarm of honey bees 
moved into the cinder blocks that make up our chimney.  They're not in the 
chimney pipe, just the "honeycomb" that the cinderblocks form.  Every few days 
one of the bees gets lost and works its way into the house, not really a 
problem for us, but deadly for the bee since they can't get out or get back 
into the hive.  How do we get them out of the chimney without tearing it down? 
I don't want to destroy an entire hive of bees; something seems very criminal 
in this.  I just want them out of the block.  We live in a log cabin and I'm 
afraid that the honey will draw other unwanted guests that might find the logs 
an excellent home or an excellent addition to a meal.  Any suggestions?

Cathy Holley  cholley@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu


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From: mbrockma@bank.ecn.purdue.edu (Matt Brockman)
Subject: Bumble vs. Honey
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Can someone tell me (e-mail preferred) the difference
between a Bumble Bee and a normal Honey bee and
any other major types of bees?

Thanks,

===============================================================================
Matt Brockman                                           mbrockma@ecn.purdue.edu
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    "While a llama may produce some of the world's finest of wools, prized
        around the world, their breath, on the other hand, could only 
            be prized somewhere in the far reaches of llama hell."
===============================================================================


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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Questions from a beginner
Date: 16 Apr 1994 03:58:24 GMT
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Well, I put my two packages in their hives today, so I am now officially 
an apiarist.  Many questions already, though, that hopefully some kind 
and knowledgeable soul will take a moment or two to answer:

1) My bees have found a knothole at the top and are going in and out of 
it, basically ignoring the more traditional (although slightly blocked by 
one of those wooden hole-maker-smaller-things) entrance at the bottom.  
Question is: is this a problem?  Will they find the regular hole?  Should 
I plug the knothole?

2) When I shook in my package, I was unable to get out a good 1/3 of 
them.  All the books I read just said "some" would remain.  Question is: 
does "some" = 1/3?  Is this a problem?

3) Are there any organic approaches to disease control (Nosema, 
Foulbrood, mites, etc.)?  I hate the idea of taking something as 
beautiful and natural as honey and fouling it with chemicals.  Is there 
something I can plant in my garden?  Some herb to cook in with the sugar 
syrup?  Anyone doing research on this?

4) How many quart jars should I have at a time for a top feeder?  There 
are slots for four, but is this necessary/recommended?  How often should 
I refill them?  As often as they're empty?

The books I have seem to skip over these questions, so I'm hoping the 
vast world of the net will be able to help.  Thanks in advance...

Jordan


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From: mulder@steel.arch.rpi.edu (Maarten M Mulder)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: WHy did my bees die this winter?
Date: 16 Apr 1994 06:17:40 GMT
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From: ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Date: 14 Apr 94 16:53:43 EST
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Hi Folks!

	Now that we have a newsgroup, maybe we should try to come up with 
a FAQ...Anybody have any questions that they think should be there?

	How about having a list of beekeeping organizations for folks to
contact. The April issue of BEE CULTURE has suck a list that we could probably
scan and post. They are listed by state and county/province for the US and
Canada, if I remember correctly. Maybe we can add the ones for other countries
that are represented here. Just a thought...

-- 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Dave D. Cawley		   |	Where a social revolution is pending and,
University Of Scranton	   |	for whatever reason, is not accomplished,
ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu	   |	reaction is the alternative.
ddc1@SCRANTON		   |				-Daniel De Leon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



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From: rbrown@ncsa.uiuc.edu (Rich Brown)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: A lesson for us all
Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 22:14:58 GMT
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This is really an amazing coincidence.  I just finished typing a story I
wanted to share with the group, about a similar incident that happened to
me!

In article <2ok8u6$clv@csugrad.cs.vt.edu> dbush@csugrad.cs.vt.edu (David Bush) writes:
>I was working as an apprentice one summer a few years back. Went to take a
>swig of water through my veil. One sneaky devil got me on the upper lip.
>My co-workers thought I looked just swell, ha ha ha. So watch out for the
>sneaky ones! If this message serves to save one person's lips it will not
>have been in vain. :(()
>
>David

I was much luckier than David.  I managed not to get stung.  The story follows
in a separate post.

Rich
--


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From: rbrown@ncsa.uiuc.edu (Rich Brown)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Grandma Kept Bees
Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 22:18:54 GMT
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Just wanted to say hello to all beekeepers.  Although I haven't had my hand
in for a while, I used to help my grandma with her hives when I was a kid.  I
expect that when I retire I will keep a couple of hives, just for old times'
sake.

When I was a teenager in the 60's and couldn't get a real job, my grandma
hired me at 65 cents an hour to help her with her business.  Since it was
agricultural in nature, she was exempt from the minimum wage laws.  At that
time there were no penalties either, for hiring illegal aliens, so she did
that too.  No, I wasn't a "wetback" but I worked alongside several.  Shrewd
businesswoman that my grandma was, I and my Mexican co-workers were a source
of cheap labor for her.

I'm originally from southeastern New Mexico (virtual Texas, really), and I
guess you could say my grandma was the "Queen Bee" of honey-farming in that
region.  She had over 200 hives scattered over as many square miles, and each
day around sunrise -- except on Sundays -- we'd hop into her old Ford pickup
with our sack lunches, plenty of water, and the back end filled with empty
supers and hive tools.  Not that the supers were _really_ empty:  Each one
had (is it 10 or 12?) frames in it, and each frame held a latticework of
beeswax honeycomb, empty but eager to be filled with sweet nectar.  Then we'd
drive to one of the 35 or so places where there would be a half-dozen hives,
and start robbing honey.

Usually it was just the three of us, Grandma, Jorge and me, and by the time
we'd hit each location, the hives we'd started at would be full again, and
the cycle would continue.  Sometimes we'd manage to hit two places per day,
sometimes only one.  Often there would be a two-hour drive each way, since
the area is in the Great Chihuahuan Desert, and water was scarce.  Only some
parts of the region are arable, so the hives were mostly near farms that
were watered by irrigation.  Some hives were actually _in_ the desert though,
so that Grandma could market her "Cactus Honey" too, along with the more
plentiful clover and alfalfa honeys.  It was easy for Grandma to persuade the
farmers to let us put the hives on their land, since as every good farmer
knows, bees are essential for pollination.

Now, my grandma was an avid fly-fisherman, so it was no accident that many
of the sites were near fishing holes.  Many were the times when we'd park the
truck, pile out, and Grandma would say, "Start with that'n yonder, I'm gonna
see if the fish are bitin'."  Then she'd disappear over the ridge and go
down by the river, under a shade tree, and start casting.

Meanwhile, Jorge and I would be suited up from head to toe in our gear,
sweating in the 100-degree heat (but it was a _dry_ heat), stuffing old rags
into our smokers and getting ready to rob the hives.  Smart woman, my grandma.

Prying the lid off the topmost super of a hive, we'd check its contents.  If
it wasn't full yet, and all capped off, we'd use the smokers to encourage the
bees to descend into the next lower super.  Then we'd dislodge the topmost
one and set it aside.  Usually that second super was full -- Grandma had an
uncanny knack for getting the hives to just the right height so that we never
had to set the second one aside too, since the bees filled the supers from
the bottom up.  They were very cooperative, I thought.

Well, then we'd continue gently blowing the smoke into the super, and most of
the bees would gladly crawl down toward the queen, in the bottom of the hive.
Sometimes a few particularly diligent workers would refuse to budge.  Prying
loose a frame and removing it from the super with a clamp, we used brushes to
flick those little gals back into the hive.  Then we'd set each bulging frame
into an empty super; when a super was loaded with frames, Jorge and I would
take turns carrying the eighty-pound load back to the pickup.  Whoever wasn't
hauling a super that time would pry the now-empty super off the hive, and
begin the process once more.  We'd carry a "fresh" super back from the truck
each time we hauled a full one.

Usually we didn't rob the super just above the queen's oversized "super" at
the bottom of the hive (I forget the technical term for it).  Instead, we'd
pry it loose from the queen's super, and hold it aside for a few seconds,
filled with honey and buzzing bees -- must've weighed a hundred pounds.  Then
we'd place a fresh super directly above the queen's, and place the unrobbed
super atop that.  Then we'd stack the rest of the fresh supers above it, and
replace the lid.  Now we were ready to rob the next hive.  But first it was
_breaktime_!

I remember that hives seemed to have "moods".  Sometimes the least wisp of
smoke would seem to put the whole hive to sleep, and it was very easy to
rob the hive without any argument from the bees.  Other times it seemed as if
the hive was collectively saying, "Not now!  We've got work to do!" and we'd
have to smoke and brush, smoke and brush, constantly to coerce the little
devils into letting us collect the fruits of their labor.  I always thought
it had something to do with the weather -- humidity or temperature or
barometric pressure, or wind or something.  I remember that desert anthills
too would be quite busy just before a rainstorm, and I thought it must be an
adaptive behavior of colonial insects, to be able to predict the weather, or
something like that.

One day while I was taking a break, I removed my gloves and my netted hat and
took a long drink of cold water.  Closing my eyes to keep out the sweat, I
mopped my brow with a big bandana.  The gentle wind felt good, evaporating the
sweat as it still oozed from my pores.  I turned to face the sun with my eyes
remaining closed and just basked there for a moment, breathing deeply.

I felt something tickling my upper lip and thought, "It could be just a fly,
but it might be a bee or a yellowjacket or even a mud-dauber.  Or it might be
that loco Jorge playing a trick on me."  In any case, I figured, it would be
best to ignore my first impulse, to reach up and scratch my lip.  So, other-
wise still motionless, I opened my eyes and looked crosseyed past my nose,
down at my lip.

There she was, walking this way and that, her multi-faceted eyes peering up
my right nostril.  No!  Don't even think about it!  Well, sure enough, the
warm moist cavern must have looked like an ineresting place to explore, and
that little bee crawled right in.  I almost panicked, but I had the presence
of mind to breathe in slowly and deeply as I lifted my left hand. Pressing
my left nostril closed, I then performed the "farmer blow" and ejected her
as if she were so much snot.  I felt sorry for her, but it was either her
or me!

Unaware of my predicament, Jorge and Grandma had a little trouble at first
understanding why I had suddenly started pacing vigorously back and forth as
I launched into the most proverbial cursing-a-blue-streak that they'd ever
heard from me.  It only took a few minutes before I calmed down enough to
explain to them what had happened.

My grandmother was a remakable woman.  At a time when most women did not even
work outside the home, she had already spent 35 years in business for herself.
She retired from beekeeping, but before that she had engaged in a number of
other businesses.  I will always remember her as a liberated woman, years
ahead of her time.

Maybe I'll post some more remembrances another day.  But now, it's _breaktime_!

Rich
--
-- 
   Rich Brown, Programmer, Computing & Communications
   National Center for Supercomputing Applications
   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
   +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf Mon Apr 18 09:26:06 EDT 1994
Article: 4 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Grandma Kept Bees
Date: 14 Apr 1994 23:53:50 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
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 Thanks, your story removed me from my long day...and out to the bee-yard.
Adam
--
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf Mon Apr 18 09:26:07 EDT 1994
Article: 5 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Date: 15 Apr 1994 00:20:08 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
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 I think Mr. Rick Hough is working on a FAQ.
rshough@tasc.com
He might need some help/suggestions.

Adam
--

Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!panix!not-for-mail Mon Apr 18 09:26:09 EDT 1994
Article: 6 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: nhirsch@panix.com (Norman Hirsch)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Grandma Kept Bees
Date: 14 Apr 1994 21:24:01 -0400
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nice article.  I'm an ex-beekeeper now living in New York City.  I'd be
interested in hearing about anyone keeping bees in a big city.

Best regards,

Norman Hirsch


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.umbc.edu!usenet Mon Apr 18 09:26:10 EDT 1994
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From: strow@umbc.edu (L. Larrabee Strow)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee Tree
Date: 15 Apr 1994 01:57:09 GMT
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 After having at least one hive for about 12 years I lost my bees to
thoractic mites 2 years ago. Since I have my own business, 2 small
kids,too many gardens etc. ,I have not had time to get it together for
another hive. I have been lamenting that I have no bees on the property
and since I was the only beekeeper in the neighborhood I really felt
the loss.
 I was so excited to see that we have a real bee tree down near our
creek. It seems very active and they are about15 feet up going in under
a dead branch.       
 I love having them even if I never harvest . Has anyone had a long
time bee tree? Was it a stable hive ? I'd love more info.and or
stories. Thank you and I know I have so much to learn.   

  Van Wensil


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Article: 8 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Organization: University of Maine System
Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 19:33:51 EDT
From: <MELJOHN@MAINE.MAINE.EDU>
Message-ID: <94104.193351MELJOHN@MAINE.MAINE.EDU>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Looking for books
References: <1994Apr14.183955.268@alw.nih.gov>
Lines: 19

The books are:

    Aebi, Ormond and Harry. The Art and Adventure of Beekeeping.
      Santa Cruz, Ca.:  Unity Press, 1975.  (Reprint: Emmaus, Pa.:
      Rodale Press, 1983.)

    Aebi, Ormond and Harry.  Mastering the Art of Beekeeping.  Santa
      Cruz, Ca.:  Unity Press, 1979.

They are out of print.  If you want copies of them, do the following:

a)  Contact a local used book dealer and ask her to do a search for you.
 It'll cost you a buck or so and you might get lucky.  Or,
b)  Go to your local library with the info above and ask them to get them for y
you on inter-library loan.  Once you have your hands on them I'm sure you can f
figure what to do!

BTW, I thought this was SCI.agriculture.beekeeping and already ART is rearing
its ugly head!


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Article: 9 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Date: 15 Apr 1994 03:11:22 GMT
Organization: Northwestern University, Evanston IL
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In article <2okmjo$qu0@solaris.cc.vt.edu>,
Adam Finkelstein <adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu> wrote:
> I think Mr. Rick Hough is working on a FAQ.
>rshough@tasc.com
>He might need some help/suggestions.
>
>Adam

Perhaps Tom Sanford (U. of Florida) and Eric Mussen (UC Davis) can be
persuaded to post their respective newsletters on this group.  

Any beekeepers in the Chicago area who will let me at their drones?!!

Cheers!
Paul
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu)
Northwestern University Medical School, MSTP-1
Ward Bldg. Box 213
Chicago, IL 60611


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!panix!ddsw1!not-for-mail Mon Apr 18 09:26:14 EDT 1994
Article: 10 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: justice@MCS.COM (Michael Justice)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: What to do about mites? (was Re: Bee Tree)
Date: 15 Apr 1994 00:07:45 -0500
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In article <2oks9l$a6j@news.umbc.edu> strow@umbc.edu (L. Larrabee Strow) writes:
> After having at least one hive for about 12 years I lost my bees to
>thoractic mites 2 years ago.

What can small beekeepers do about mites, and does anyone know how they
get spread??  Both of the beekeepers I know have lost all their hives
(four for one, six for the other) to the evil little buggers.  This was
years ago, about the time that the mites started making headlines.

I read somewhere that placing blocks coated with menthol in the hives
can kill the mites, but will also ruin the honey.

			-- Michael.
-- 
Michael A. Justice    \ "Bizarre diseases will continue to spawn in the
justice@genesis.mcs.com) developing countries.  We're all hoping for one
NRA Life / ILA / TCA  /  that kills only lawyers."  -- P.J. O'Rourke
Libertarian Party    / PGP PUBLIC KEY:  finger -l justice@genesis.mcs.com


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Article: 11 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rah@netcom.com (Richard Hyde)
Subject: Re: Looking for books
Message-ID: <rahCoACDz.BzK@netcom.com>
Organization: NETCOM On-line Communication Services (408 241-9760 guest)
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Date: Fri, 15 Apr 1994 05:25:11 GMT
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Chris Gonna' Find Ray Charles Tate (fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov) wrote:
: I'm trying to locate the books by the Aebi's.  The first is called
: "Mastering the Art of Beekeeping;" I can't recall the name of the
: second.

As far as I know, the Aebi's still live in Santa Cruz, CA.  You
might try calling them.  I really enjoyed those books, but looking
at my shelf I seem to have misplaced mine  :-(

Rick

-- 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   Richard Hyde  |  RaH@netcom.com  |  This space intentionally left blank  |  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------


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Article: 12 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: matchstic@aol.com (Matchstic)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Looking for books
Date: 15 Apr 1994 01:11:08 -0400
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In article <1994Apr14.183955.268@alw.nih.gov>, fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov (Chris
Gonna' Find Ray Charles Tate) writes:

 Try Wicwas Press
 They have a great list both of current books in print and an equally neat list
of older and antique books.
 1-203-250-7575
 Hope this helps
 mike vincent
 matchstic@aol.com


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From: matchstic@aol.com (Matchstic)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Newsletter swap
Date: 15 Apr 1994 01:14:05 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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 Im looking for Bee associations around the world to swap newsletters with.
 I'm the editor of my local hobbiest group's newsletter. It comes out monthly
,usually 4 pages.
 Any takers?
 mike vincent
 matchstic@aol.com


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!sun4nl!tudelft.nl!et.tudelft.nl!ddtc.et.tudelft.nl!wekken Mon Apr 18 09:26:20 EDT 1994
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Allergic reaction 
Message-ID: <1994Apr15.110622.3121@et.tudelft.nl>
From: wekken@ddtc.et.tudelft.nl (Peter van der Wekken)
Date: 15 Apr 94 11:06:21 +0200
Distribution: world
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Hi beekeepers,

Does anyone know of a cure and/or medication against allergic reactions
from a bee-sting.

-- 
Peter van der Wekken
Delft University of Technology          Phone:   +31 15 781708
Department of Electrical Engineering    Telefax: +31 15 623271
DIMES Design and Test Centre, 16th floor
Mekelweg 4, Delft 2628 CD
The Netherlands


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From: fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov (Chris Gonna' Find Ray Charles Tate)
Subject: Looking for books
Message-ID: <1994Apr14.183955.268@alw.nih.gov>
Sender: postman@alw.nih.gov (AMDS Postmaster)
Reply-To: fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov
Organization: DCRT, NIH, Bethesda, MD
Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 18:39:55 GMT
Lines: 14

I'm trying to locate the books by the Aebi's.  The first is called
"Mastering the Art of Beekeeping;" I can't recall the name of the
second.

Border's bookstore here doesn't have them listed, and so I suspect
that they're out of print.  Does anyone know where I might locate a
copy, or perhaps write to a publisher for a stock copy (or at worst,
copy permission, on the off-chance that I could ever find a library
copy of one)?

---------------------------------------------------------------
Christopher Tate             |  "So he dropped the heart - 
MSD, Inc.                    |     the floor's clean."
fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov    |                 - Sidney Harris


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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Looking for books
Date: 15 Apr 1994 10:32:05 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
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: BTW, I thought this was SCI.agriculture.beekeeping and already ART is rearing
: its ugly head!

 AGRICULTURE takes the ART part, for agriculture is truly a blending
between art and science!

Adam
--
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|


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Article: 17 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jfinn@ll.mit.edu (Joe Finnivan)
Subject: How much time ?
Message-ID: <1994Apr15.102013.7264@ll.mit.edu>
Originator: jfinn@ll.mit.edu (Joe Finnivan)
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I'm happy to see this new group.  I don't keep bees
but have been interested and toying with the idea for
years.  I live on a 5 acre piece of land that is mostly
a grassy field with scattered trees.  I'm going to be
planting a dozen fruit trees next week and I'm giving
serious though to starting some hives.  My question
is this:  How much time can I expect to be spending
maintaining a few hives ?  Do I have to work at them
every day, every few days, etc ?  Also, how much honey
can I expect to get from a few hives ?

Thanks for any help.

Joe
jfinn@ll.mit.edu



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Article: 18 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Date: 15 Apr 94 06:56:35 EST
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In article <2ol0kq$4r6@news.acns.nwu.edu>, pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng) writes:
> 
> Any beekeepers in the Chicago area who will let me at their drones?!!

	HEY! Take it to alt.sex, buddy! Boy Start a nice little group about
beekeeping and all the sickos show up...SHEESH!  8-}


~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Dave D. Cawley		   |	Where a social revolution is pending and,
University Of Scranton	   |	for whatever reason, is not accomplished,
ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu	   |	reaction is the alternative.
ddc1@SCRANTON		   |				-Daniel De Leon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



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Article: 19 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: david@roentgen.demon.co.uk (Dr David Lauckner)
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Subject: Re: Allergic reaction 
Organization: Wansbeck Radiology Department
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wekken@ddtc.et.tudelft.nl (Peter van der Wekken) writes:
: Hi beekeepers,
: 
: Does anyone know of a cure and/or medication against allergic reactions
: from a bee-sting.
: 

I used to suffer for a few days after a bee sting; painful
itching in an area 5-10 cms across around the sting point.
Perhaps the most annoying part was the sensitivity in this area
which would flare up again with minimal provocation. After 4 days
or so it would have settled completely.
I felt that an antihistamine might help in moderating the primary
response and decresing the sensitivity to recurrent itching over
the following days. 
The newer antihistamines have a rapid onset of action and much
less sedative side effect; additionally they are now available
over the counter from pharmacies. 
What I do is to take a tablet with me to the hives and take it
(slip it up under my veil) as soon as I feel a sting. This takes
a matter of a few seconds. I do not generally take one before
going to the hives although this would be quite reasonable.    
(but more expensive!)
Since adopting this policy I have found that I am happier when in
among the bees, and if I do get a sting I don't have the after
effects. 
Drugs used: Terfenadine, Cetirizine

Disclaimer: This is not necessarily sound medical advice; it is
just what I have found to be useful as a beekeeper.
--
Dr David Lauckner                        Phone: 0670-521212
Wansbeck General Hospital                Fax:   0670-529778
ASHINGTON, Northumberland        e-mail: david@roentgen.demon.co.uk
United Kingdom.


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Article: 20 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: u914097@student.canberra.edu.au (Feldman / Mark Jeffrey (ISE))
Subject: Is anyone working on a FAQ?
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Subject line says it all! Anyone working on a FAQ to answer things like:

I wanna start my very own hive, how do I do this?
How much will a setup cost?
How much honey will I get?
But won't I get stung?????
etc...

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mark Feldman                               \\_==_o    Skydivers do 
E-mail : u914097@student.canberra.edu.au        \\    it at 120mph....
--------------------------------------------------------------------------



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Article: 21 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adwright@iastate.edu ()
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: WHy did my bees die this winter?
Date: 15 Apr 94 15:26:36 GMT
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This is my first hive.  Things seemed to be ok.  I had the varora mite
strips in there and put on menthol in the fall for tracheal mites.  The
-23 F lows concerned me, but two days after that i put my ear to the hive and
heard a lot of buzzing.  We had another cold snap but i could still hear
the buzzing, but this time could see a lot of dead beed that were thrown
out by their live brethern.  I checked a week later and all were dead.
I opened the hive to find several full combs of capped honey in places yet
all were dead.  The thing that seemed wierd was many of them were dead
right on the comb with their heads inside the cells. Many more were on 
the baseboard.
 They were not any funny looking color, they looked like bees do whern alive,
 so i guess that rules out chalkbrood and foulbrood.  Some were so intact
looking sitting on the combs that if i photographed them it would appear that
i had photographed live bees.  Know what I mean? 

I tried to find the queen but could not, though its very possible i
overlooked her. Does the fact that bees were found (dead) in several places in 
the hive might mean she died and they were scattered? Any clues as to what
 happened? I had not given them any antibiotics, is that a mistake?

I fed them all summer and took no honey since i wanted them to be strong
for the next year.  It is a big disappointment. Hope someone can help
me figure what i did wrong.

Many thanks
Allen



-- 




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From: edbu@sepia.wv.tek.com (Ed Burress)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: A lesson for us all
Date: 15 Apr 1994 08:54:20 -0700
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In article <2ok8u6$clv@csugrad.cs.vt.edu> dbush@csugrad.cs.vt.edu (David Bush) writes:
>swig of water through my veil. One sneaky devil got me on the upper lip.

David,  I have found that a sports-type squeeze bottle works well for this
application.  It can be a little messy at first, but with practice works well.
Never had one on the upper lip, Ouch!

On an unrelated note, has anyone heard of mites invading and destroying hives?
My mother who lives in the mid Willamette valley says that her hives, as well
as the neighbors (a large honey producer in the area) lost all of his hives.
Apparently, these mites have been responsible for destruction of quite a few
hives in Oregon and southern Washington.  She just replaced her bees with a
new shipment that is supposed to be more resistant to the mites.  Anybody else
heard of these, or lost any hives as a result?

-Ed



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From: nwbernst@unix.amherst.edu (Neil Bernstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Vergil's Fourth Georgic
Date: 15 Apr 1994 12:08:47 -0400
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Would anyone like to discuss Vergil's Fourth Georgic (the book on bees)?
I'll post more when I've finished it...

- Neil Bernstein
-- 
nwbernst@unix.amherst.edu, lentus in umbra  |  nudus ara, sere nudus...
in omnibus requiem quaesivi, et nusquam inveni nisi in angulo cum libro


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From: weedk@salmon.wv.tek.com (Kirk A Weedman)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bees
Date: 15 Apr 1994 10:09:27 -0700
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I'm planting a few acres of fruit trees this year and would like to
have some bees.  I'm sure the other farmers around me would like it
too.  So what would I need to start a beehive and how many bees/acre
of apple trees would I need?  If X is the amount then would 2X or more
be better or matter since there are hundreds of acres of farming around
me?
	Kirk   weedk@salmon.wv.tek.com



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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do about mites? (was Re: Bee Tree)
Date: 15 Apr 1994 16:23:49 GMT
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i lost my single hive to varroa last season. i'll be replacing it with two
more. i'm told that you must use varroa strips and remove them well before
harvesting. maybe someone else has had experience with the strips. btw,
i'm in southern california.

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov
all disclaimers apply


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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: A lesson for us all
Date: 15 Apr 1994 17:31:48 GMT
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Ed Burress (edbu@sepia.wv.tek.com) wrote:

[much deleted . . .]
: On an unrelated note, has anyone heard of mites invading and destroying hives?
: My mother who lives in the mid Willamette valley says that her hives, as well
: as the neighbors (a large honey producer in the area) lost all of his hives.
: Apparently, these mites have been responsible for destruction of quite a few
: hives in Oregon and southern Washington.  She just replaced her bees with a
: new shipment that is supposed to be more resistant to the mites.  Anybody else
: heard of these, or lost any hives as a result?
[more deletions . . .]

as i said elsewhere, i lost my only hive to mites . . . the bees abscond,
leaving an incredibly clean hive behind! mites are becoming endemic in the
u.s., i guess. there are medicated varroa strips that you can use, but you
must remove the strips some considerable time before harvesting honey.

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov
all disclaimers apply


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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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This newsgroup is great!  Anyone know where I can get one of Dadant's out-of-print books on Bees and The Law?  It was written by someone in Virginia.

Also, I have postscript files of 4 articles that I published in ABJ last year on Beekeeping Business plans, finance applied to bee operations and one that I did on analyzing the affect of imported honey.  Will internet handle postscript docs?

David MacFawn
Master Beekeeper
Raleigh, North Carolina
  


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From: donb@crash.cts.com (Donald Bowen)
Subject: Bees and supers wanted
Organization: CTS Network Services (CTSNET/crash), San Diego, CA
Date: Fri, 15 Apr 1994 14:38:43 GMT
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	I am looking for some bees for sale in Souhern California. 
A friend is looking for some supers.

	DonB


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From: fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov (Chris Gonna' Find Ray Charles Tate)
Subject: Re: Looking for books
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References: <1994Apr14.183955.268@alw.nih.gov>,<94104.193351MELJOHN@MAINE.MAINE.EDU>
Date: Fri, 15 Apr 1994 14:21:15 GMT
Lines: 31

In article <94104.193351MELJOHN@MAINE.MAINE.EDU>, <MELJOHN@MAINE.MAINE.EDU> writes:
>The books are:
>
>    Aebi, Ormond and Harry. The Art and Adventure of Beekeeping.
>      Santa Cruz, Ca.:  Unity Press, 1975.  (Reprint: Emmaus, Pa.:
>      Rodale Press, 1983.)
>
>    Aebi, Ormond and Harry.  Mastering the Art of Beekeeping.  Santa
>      Cruz, Ca.:  Unity Press, 1979.
>
> [... deletions ...]
>
>BTW, I thought this was SCI.agriculture.beekeeping and already ART is rearing
>its ugly head!

No smiley?  I'll take this as it stands, then....

I *believe* the Aebis hold the record for the most honey taken from a
single hive in a single (season? visit?).  On that strength alone I'd say
their books deserve a serious look by any serious beekeeping aficionado.
>From an outside reference to the books, I gather that they also didn't
use much in the way of protective garb, smoke, &c., so I'm curious as
to their approach.

(I'll forbear from an argument about whether or not it is desirable or
even possible to divorce science and art.  :-)

---------------------------------------------------------------
Christopher Tate             |  "So he dropped the heart - 
MSD, Inc.                    |     the floor's clean."
fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov    |                 - Sidney Harris


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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do about mites? (was Re: Bee Tree)
Date: 15 Apr 1994 17:57:45 GMT
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> After having at least one hive for about 12 years I lost my bees to
>thoractic mites 2 years ago.

>What can small beekeepers do about mites, and does anyone know how they
>get spread??  Both of the beekeepers I know have lost all their hives
>(four for one, six for the other) to the evil little buggers.  This was
>years ago, about the time that the mites started making headlines.

>I read somewhere that placing blocks coated with menthol in the hives
>can kill the mites, but will also ruin the honey.



It depends on what type of mites your a speaking about.  

For Tracheal mites, menthol works if the temperature is warm.  A lot of the bees today are just now starting to development some resistance to Tracheal mites.  During the last several years we have had a high hive mortality due to this mite but, the mites killed their hosts which ment they also died.  In nature for the mite to survive, the host or bee must also survive and not bee killed.  So, we are starting to see some resistance to the Tracheal mite.
Vegetable Shorting / sugar patties are also showing promise for controlling Tracheal, there was another article in either ABJ or Bee Culture on vegetable shorting patties this month.

Varroa mite is another story.  You need to use Apistan strips in the hive and not use the strips approx 6 weeks before or during the honey flow.  The strips should be left on 4-6 weeks, I can remember which, but read and follow the label directions.  Make sure that you do not leave the strips on longer, since this is a pesticide and the Varrora may very well develop resistance to the Apistan.  There already have been some reports of resistance to Apistan. We did have Miticur but it was recalled last year d
ue to a law suit.

The African bee is supposely resistant to both Tracheal and Varroa mites...maybe we can cross breed the littel devil.


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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bees and supers wanted
Date: 15 Apr 1994 19:14:26 GMT
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Donald Bowen (donb@crash.cts.com) wrote:
: 	I am looking for some bees for sale in Souhern California. 
: A friend is looking for some supers.

: 	DonB

don -

i'm getting two nuks from a fellow at l.a. honey. his name is chase walker
and the number is 213-264-2383 . . . this will be the first time i get my
bees from him, so i don't have any history to impart.

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov
all disclaimers apply


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From: mark@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (M.C. Rendina )
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mites
Date: 15 Apr 1994 19:55:20 GMT
Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana
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edbu@sepia.wv.tek.com (Ed Burress) writes:

>In article <2ok8u6$clv@csugrad.cs.vt.edu> dbush@csugrad.cs.vt.edu (David Bush)
>On an unrelated note, has anyone heard of mites invading and destroying hives?
>My mother who lives in the mid Willamette valley says that her hives, as well
>as the neighbors (a large honey producer in the area) lost all of his hives.
>Apparently, these mites have been responsible for destruction of quite a few
>hives in Oregon and southern Washington.  She just replaced her bees with a
>new shipment that is supposed to be more resistant to the mites.  Anybody else
>heard of these, or lost any hives as a result?

Yep.  Lost all three.  Mites are everywhere.  (I assume we're talking about the
same tracheal mite?)   In the Midwest, the bees live fine thru the summer 
(their life expectancy is shorter than it takes for the mites to kill them)
but in the winter, the hive dies.  A real bummer.  I'd never lost a colony
in the winter before.  Ouch.

Mark


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From: mark@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (M.C. Rendina )
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How much time ?
Date: 15 Apr 1994 20:04:10 GMT
Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana
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jfinn@ll.mit.edu (Joe Finnivan) writes:
>I'm happy to see this new group.  I don't keep bees
>but have been interested and toying with the idea for
>years.  

I'm happy to see it to.  I got interested in bees when I saw a show on T.V.
and then in junior high, I needed to build something in industrial arts!
What a perfect combo!

>I live on a 5 acre piece of land that is mostly
>a grassy field with scattered trees.  I'm going to be
>planting a dozen fruit trees next week and I'm giving
>serious though to starting some hives.  My question
>is this:  How much time can I expect to be spending
>maintaining a few hives ?  

When I asked this question as a young-un, a wise man reminded me that
bees have lived for millions of years without us.

>Do I have to work at them every day, every few days, etc ?  

If you're touching thme more than once a week, you're getting in their way.
When I went away to college, my bees did just fine without me.
I had to make sure the hive was the right size (mostly a spring-fall job),
harvest the honey, and that's about it.

>Also, how much honey can I expect to get from a few hives ?

Anywhere from zip to (what's the record?)  I think it was over 400 pounds.
50-100 is probably typical, but that's my midwestern hives.

=====================================================================
Mark Rendina                                    o        ___ __        
jedi@uiuc.edu               __/\o_     __o     < \        |  | \  |
University of Illinois               _ \<_    _/\         |  |_/  |
                                    (_)/(_)     /   Just  |  | \  |



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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Distance between hives
Date: 15 Apr 1994 22:15:14 GMT
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Howdy all,

I've been lurking on BEE-L for a while now, awaiting the big day, which 
is today: as I type I've got two 3 lbs packages of bees buzzing at me 
from across the room.  Needless to say I'm excited.  Question that I 
can't find the answer to in any of the books I've got:

How far apart should hives bee (min. and max.)?  Does it even matter?

Thanks,

Jordan


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From: pwtokar@csupomona.edu (Patrick Tokar)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: RE: How much time?
Date: 15 Apr 94 15:30:21 PST
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Really once a week is enough.  Basically you just have to watch that there are
no new queen cells (and if so why?) and check for disease and mites.  Acarapis
woodi and varroa jacobsoni are the only two mites you have to look out for.



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From: cholley@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Catherine T Holley)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Help,please!
Date: 16 Apr 1994 00:06:32 GMT
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I hope that this group will be able to help us out on a problem. If I'm in the 
wrong place, then just ignore this post. 3-4 years ago, a swarm of honey bees 
moved into the cinder blocks that make up our chimney.  They're not in the 
chimney pipe, just the "honeycomb" that the cinderblocks form.  Every few days 
one of the bees gets lost and works its way into the house, not really a 
problem for us, but deadly for the bee since they can't get out or get back 
into the hive.  How do we get them out of the chimney without tearing it down? 
I don't want to destroy an entire hive of bees; something seems very criminal 
in this.  I just want them out of the block.  We live in a log cabin and I'm 
afraid that the honey will draw other unwanted guests that might find the logs 
an excellent home or an excellent addition to a meal.  Any suggestions?

Cathy Holley  cholley@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu


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From: mbrockma@bank.ecn.purdue.edu (Matt Brockman)
Subject: Bumble vs. Honey
Message-ID: <CoBvuH.Eto@noose.ecn.purdue.edu>
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Can someone tell me (e-mail preferred) the difference
between a Bumble Bee and a normal Honey bee and
any other major types of bees?

Thanks,

===============================================================================
Matt Brockman                                           mbrockma@ecn.purdue.edu
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    "While a llama may produce some of the world's finest of wools, prized
        around the world, their breath, on the other hand, could only 
            be prized somewhere in the far reaches of llama hell."
===============================================================================


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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Questions from a beginner
Date: 16 Apr 1994 03:58:24 GMT
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Well, I put my two packages in their hives today, so I am now officially 
an apiarist.  Many questions already, though, that hopefully some kind 
and knowledgeable soul will take a moment or two to answer:

1) My bees have found a knothole at the top and are going in and out of 
it, basically ignoring the more traditional (although slightly blocked by 
one of those wooden hole-maker-smaller-things) entrance at the bottom.  
Question is: is this a problem?  Will they find the regular hole?  Should 
I plug the knothole?

2) When I shook in my package, I was unable to get out a good 1/3 of 
them.  All the books I read just said "some" would remain.  Question is: 
does "some" = 1/3?  Is this a problem?

3) Are there any organic approaches to disease control (Nosema, 
Foulbrood, mites, etc.)?  I hate the idea of taking something as 
beautiful and natural as honey and fouling it with chemicals.  Is there 
something I can plant in my garden?  Some herb to cook in with the sugar 
syrup?  Anyone doing research on this?

4) How many quart jars should I have at a time for a top feeder?  There 
are slots for four, but is this necessary/recommended?  How often should 
I refill them?  As often as they're empty?

The books I have seem to skip over these questions, so I'm hoping the 
vast world of the net will be able to help.  Thanks in advance...

Jordan


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From: mulder@steel.arch.rpi.edu (Maarten M Mulder)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: WHy did my bees die this winter?
Date: 16 Apr 1994 06:17:40 GMT
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In article <adwright.766423596@vincent2.iastate.edu>, adwright@iastate.edu () writes:
|> This is my first hive.  Things seemed to be ok.  I had the varora mite
|> strips in there and put on menthol in the fall for tracheal mites.  The
|> -23 F lows concerned me, but two days after that i put my ear to the hive and
|> heard a lot of buzzing.  We had another cold snap but i could still hear
|> the buzzing, but this time could see a lot of dead beed that were thrown
|> out by their live brethern.  I checked a week later and all were dead.
|> I opened the hive to find several full combs of capped honey in places yet
|> all were dead.  The thing that seemed wierd was many of them were dead
|> right on the comb with their heads inside the cells. Many more were on 
|> the baseboard.
|>  They were not any funny looking color, they looked like bees do whern alive,
|>  so i guess that rules out chalkbrood and foulbrood.  Some were so intact
|> looking sitting on the combs that if i photographed them it would appear that
|> i had photographed live bees.  Know what I mean? 
|> 
|> I tried to find the queen but could not, though its very possible i
|> overlooked her. Does the fact that bees were found (dead) in several places in 
|> the hive might mean she died and they were scattered? Any clues as to what
|>  happened? I had not given them any antibiotics, is that a mistake?
|> 
|> I fed them all summer and took no honey since i wanted them to be strong
|> for the next year.  It is a big disappointment. Hope someone can help
|> me figure what i did wrong.
|> 
|> Many thanks
|> Allen
|> 
|> 


I don't know if this is relative, but last summer (September I think) my father treated his hives (2) on the advice of the Mass. State Bee Inspector.  I think he used menthol.  The hives promptly swarmed, the swarms disappeared, and he was left with weakened hives, neither of which made it through the winter.  It was unfortunate, since these were both docile hives that produced a lot of honey.  Oh well.


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From: dbush@csugrad.cs.vt.edu (David Bush)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: A lesson for us all
Date: 14 Apr 1994 16:26:46 -0400
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I was working as an apprentice one summer a few years back. Went to take a
swig of water through my veil. One sneaky devil got me on the upper lip.
My co-workers thought I looked just swell, ha ha ha. So watch out for the
sneaky ones! If this message serves to save one person's lips it will not
have been in vain. :(()

David


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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Addicted to Meds?
Date: 17 Apr 1994 01:34:09 GMT
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The talk last night at my local Beekeepers meeting was on diseases, 
always a timely topic I take it (say _that_ ten times fast).  The speaker 
talked about the fact that once you started your hives on some sort of 
drug or chemical to control a disease, you were basically committed to 
keeping them on it forever.  My question (which, being a neophyte I was 
too embarrassed to ask) is: is this true?  Why?  In the modern age, do I 
have any hope of keeping my hives drug-free (and healthy)?

Thanks,

Jordan


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From: matchstic@aol.com (Matchstic)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bad Bee Day
Date: 16 Apr 1994 20:27:02 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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 AArrrggghhh!!!
 what a bummer of a day
 I've been spending the last 3 weeks putting together a budding sideline
business (catching swarms etc), caught 19 swarms, been feeding the hell out of
them) went out to check all my hives today.
 First the hive that was going good guns(one of two I overwintered)
has swarmed, and of course had no dadgummed honey
then when I checked the other hives two of my swarms had left for other
pastures(stupid bees)

 so excuse my grumping
but I did get to watch a new bee chewing its way out of the comb and stagger
off to work!
seeya
 Mike
matchstic@aol.com



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From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: WHy did my bees die this winter?
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In article <adwright.766423596@vincent2.iastate.edu>, adwright@iastate.ed wrote:
> This is my first hive.  Things seemed to be ok.  I had the varora mite
> strips in there and put on menthol in the fall for tracheal mites.  The
> -23 F lows concerned me, but two days after that i put my ear to the hive and
> heard a lot of buzzing.  We had another cold snap but i could still hear
> the buzzing, but this time could see a lot of dead beed that were thrown
> out by their live brethern.  I checked a week later and all were dead.

I too am an amateur (2 hives, last year was my first year with bees), but
I've studied a fair amount.  Most hives that die in the winter die within
sight of spring.  Supposedly the reason is they're raising brood (did you see
any brood?) and they have to keep it warm, so they need more food and also
can't (won't) move away from the brood to find it.  So they starve within
inches of food.

> I opened the hive to find several full combs of capped honey in places yet
> all were dead.  The thing that seemed wierd was many of them were dead
> right on the comb with their heads inside the cells. Many more were on 
> the baseboard.

I believe dead bees head-in in cells is a sign they starved.  See above
I guess.

> I tried to find the queen but could not, though its very possible i
> overlooked her. Does the fact that bees were found (dead) in several places in 
> the hive might mean she died and they were scattered? Any clues as to what
>  happened? I had not given them any antibiotics, is that a mistake?

Maybe they scattered in search of food and a cold snap prevented them
from reuniting.  In one of my hives there was a small dead cluster separate
from the main cluster (which survived).


> I fed them all summer and took no honey since i wanted them to be strong
> for the next year.  It is a big disappointment. Hope someone can help
> me figure what i did wrong.

They should have had plenty of food.  I can only guess they got separated
from it.  Were the bees all away from the remaining honey?

My hives were each one hive body and a honey super.  We had one day in Feb or
early March that was warm enough so I could open the hives to see how they were
doing.  (I know I'm supposed to leave them alone)  Both hives the bees had
moved "upstairs" into the honey super and pretty much abandoned the hive body,
even though the lower 2/3s of the hive body was still mostly full of honey and
pollen.  The honey super was almost out of honey.  So I moved the empty frames
in the hive body to the outsides and reversed the boxes (honey super with bees
on the bottom), so the bees instinct to move up in the winter will cause them
to run into food. Both hives survived.  One is building up really well and
already has lots of bees even though when I opened them I worried if there was
enough bees to survive (it had almost 2 inches of dead bees on the bottom board
- yech!)

-Mike


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Article: 44 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: WHy did my bees die this winter?
Message-ID: <MR8ijaE96tt7054yn@world.std.com>
Sender: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
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X-Status: R
Date: Sun, 17 Apr 1994 01:46:14 GMT
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In article <2onvu4$2ud@usenet.rpi.edu>, Maarten M Mulder wrote:
> I don't know if this is relative, but last summer (September I think) my
> father treated his hives (2) on the advice of the Mass. State Bee Inspector. 
> I think he used menthol.  The hives promptly swarmed, the swarms disappeared,
> and he was left with weak

(you may want to add returns once in a while.  Your reply was one long
line and my editor lost the end of the line)

If you have 2 weak hives at the end of the season it's best to combine
them into one stronger hive.  Better to lose one nice hive than both.
I had 2 hives and at the end of the season one was weak and the other was
very strong.  I felt it was strong enough so I transferred bees from the
strong hive to the weak.  Both survived.

-Mike


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Article: 45 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Welcome All!
Date: 14 Apr 1994 19:26:53 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
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Distribution: world
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NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu

 To all people interested in bees, beekeeping and hive products:
Please use this group! Its for you.
Adam
-- 
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|


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Article: 46 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Allergic reaction
Date: 18 Apr 1994 01:59:20 GMT
Organization: Northwestern University, Evanston IL
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In article <1994Apr15.110622.3121@et.tudelft.nl>,
Peter van der Wekken <wekken@ddtc.et.tudelft.nl> wrote:
>Does anyone know of a cure and/or medication against allergic reactions
>from a bee-sting.

Persons with systemic reactions to beestings should be aware of the
possibility of going into anaphylactic shock (difficulty breathing, low
blood pressure, coma), which could lead to death.  If you know you are
allergic, it is best to keep a sting kit (epinephrine) with you if there
is a chance of you getting stung.  The mellitin, phospholipases, and other
peptides in the venom elicit production of IgE antibodies.  IgE-allergen 
causes mast cells to release histamine, and massive amounts of histamine
released produces the bronchospasms, hypotension, etc.  

The cure that I'm aware of is immunotherapy.  In order to "desensitize" 
your immune system, purified venom is given in small doses over a period 
of time to get your body to produce IgGs instead of IgEs.

If you only get localized inflammation after a sting, then some
antihistamine (benadryl, seldane, hismanal, etc.) and anti-itch creams
(caladryl) will help.

Regards,
Paul
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu)
Northwestern University Medical School, MSTP-1
Ward Bldg. Box 213
Chicago, IL 60611


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Article: 47 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Date: 18 Apr 1994 02:15:27 GMT
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In article <1994Apr15.065635.1@jaguar.uofs.edu>, Dave Cawley <ddc1@jaguar.
uofs.edu> wrote:
> (I write:)
>> Any beekeepers in the Chicago area who will let me at their drones?!!
>
>	HEY! Take it to alt.sex, buddy! Boy Start a nice little group about
>beekeeping and all the sickos show up...SHEESH!  8-}

One of the most common questions I get from my friends is how I actually
collect bee sperm.  I guess that makes me kinda weird to know how to do it
(but then again, have you ever known a "normal" graduate student?).  The 
undergraduates in our lab at Davis always seemed so enthusiastic (note: 
hint of sarcasm) when bee sperm collection days rolled around...

Speaking of which, does anyone know how to get the smell of drone feces
off of one's hands?  I've tried all of the consumer soaps, comet, etc., but
the darned smell is harder to get off than even the smell of anatomy lab!

Regards,
Paul
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu)
Northwestern University Medical School, MSTP-1
Ward Bldg. Box 213
Chicago, IL 60611


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Article: 48 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: skanfi@superior.carleton.ca (Shady Kanfi)
Subject: African honey bees:How far North?
Message-ID: <CoFoAK.9rK@cunews.carleton.ca>
Sender: news@cunews.carleton.ca (News Administrator)
Organization: Carleton University
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Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 02:30:20 GMT
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Hi,

Seeing this new group just prompted a question:

How far North are those cross-breed African honey bees supposed to get?

Just curious.

                              -Shady

--
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Shady Kanfi                                       (613) 231-2594
Norman Paterson School of International Affairs   (613) 788-2600 x3926
Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
skanfi@ccs.carleton.ca
                              "It's easier to be critical than correct"
----------------------------------------------------------------------


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!noc.near.net!viewlog.viewlogic.com!przemek Mon Apr 18 09:27:37 EDT 1994
Article: 49 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: przemek@tokamak.viewlogic.com (Przemek Skoskiewicz)
Subject: Re: Questions from a beginner
Message-ID: <CoFMAq.H2u@viewlogic.com>
Originator: przemek@tokamak
Sender: przemek@tokamak (Przemek Skoskiewicz)
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Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 01:47:12 GMT
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In article <2onnp0$4ic@news.u.washington.edu>, jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) writes:
|> 
|> 1) My bees have found a knothole at the top and are going in and out of 
|> it, basically ignoring the more traditional (although slightly blocked by 
|> one of those wooden hole-maker-smaller-things) entrance at the bottom.  
|> Question is: is this a problem?  Will they find the regular hole?  Should 
|> I plug the knothole?

No, it's not a problem, but keep an eye on it.  Perhaps the regular entrance
reducer is really blocked from the inside by something.  If not, they'll get to
it eventually.

|> 2) When I shook in my package, I was unable to get out a good 1/3 of 
|> them.  All the books I read just said "some" would remain.  Question is: 
|> does "some" = 1/3?  Is this a problem?

Just leave them outside near the hive with the opening facing top: they'll find
the hive and their queen.

|> 3) Are there any organic approaches to disease control (Nosema, 
|> Foulbrood, mites, etc.)?  I hate the idea of taking something as 
|> beautiful and natural as honey and fouling it with chemicals.  Is there 
|> something I can plant in my garden?  Some herb to cook in with the sugar 
|> syrup?  Anyone doing research on this?

Not that I know of.  None of the things that people have mentioned before
(Apistan, mentol, shortening patties and few other concoctions) is put into the
honey.  Directions tell you when to remove them from the hive before the honey
flow starts so as to eliminate the chance of the bees contaminating the honey
with the medicine.

|> 4) How many quart jars should I have at a time for a top feeder?  There 
|> are slots for four, but is this necessary/recommended?  How often should 
|> I refill them?  As often as they're empty?

As long as they take it, give it to them.  A freshly installed hive will undergo
a drop in population for about three weeks until the new bees start to emerge
from the eggs layed by the queen after the packaged bees were installed.  The
less time the bees have to spend getting their food and the more time they can
devote getting their hive organized the better for the colony.  But, when they
stop taking it, no problem.  They know what's best for them.

|> The books I have seem to skip over these questions, so I'm hoping the 
|> vast world of the net will be able to help.  Thanks in advance...
|> 
|> Jordan

Welcome to the art of beekeeping.  I think that every beekeeper thinks that he or
she knows better than any other beekeeper what's best for the bees.  My own motto
is to follow common sense and let the bees do their thing.  I would also
recommend books by Dick Bonney ("Hive Management", 1990, Garden Way Publishing). 
I've attended a couple of his seminars and his common sense approach to some of
the most boneheaded questions that he gest from the audiences was inspiring.

-- 
Viewlogic Systems, Inc.                         Przemek Skoskiewicz
293 Boston Post Road West
Marlborough, MA 01752-4615, USA
email: przemek@viewlogic.com


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Article: 50 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rspillan@mason1.gmu.edu (Ramaii Dasa)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: NEED INFO/FAQ for BEEKEEPING
Date: 14 Apr 1994 22:16:48 GMT
Organization: George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
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My site just started carrying this group, so I don't know if it is new
or what, but I'm interested in keeping bees in the SE Wyoming area.
I've never kept bees before, so if someone could send me the FAQ or any
relevent information I would greatly appreciate it.

Thank you.
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
        Rich (rspillan@.gmu.edu) aka-"The Easyrider of Internet" 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-



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From: ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Allergic reaction
Date: 18 Apr 94 07:53:03 EST
Organization: University of Scranton
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References: <1994Apr15.110622.3121@et.tudelft.nl> <2ospho$3k9@news.acns.nwu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: jaguar.cs.uofs.edu

In article <2ospho$3k9@news.acns.nwu.edu>, pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng) writes:
> If you only get localized inflammation after a sting, then some
> antihistamine (benadryl, seldane, hismanal, etc.) and anti-itch creams
> (caladryl) will help.

	What if you're like me and you're on seldane *all* the time, will 
that cause the inflamation to be lower or would I need more antihistamine 
than the normal person?

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Dave D. Cawley		   |	Where a social revolution is pending and,
University Of Scranton	   |	for whatever reason, is not accomplished,
ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu	   |	reaction is the alternative.
ddc1@SCRANTON		   |				-Daniel De Leon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



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Article: 52 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: wbm@unity.ncsu.edu (william b morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bumble vs. Honey
Date: 18 Apr 1994 12:25:35 GMT
Organization: North Carolina State University
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Matt Brockman (mbrockma@bank.ecn.purdue.edu) wrote:
: Can someone tell me (e-mail preferred) the difference
: between a Bumble Bee and a normal Honey bee and
: any other major types of bees?

: Thanks,

  This would also be welcome information to me. Please post this info or 
email it to me.

Thanks,

Bill

-------------------------------------------------------------
William B. Morris (The Biker Poet)  | William B. Morris                  
Computing Center                    | P. O. Box 5163                         
Box 7109                            | Raleigh,N.C. 27650-5163
North Carolina State University     | 
Raleigh,N.C. 27695-7109             |
wbm@unity.ncsu.edu                  |
-------------------------------------------------------------


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From: tnez3@isuvax.iastate.edu (april ammons)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Date: 18 Apr 1994 12:44:12 GMT
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In article <2osqfv$3tb@news.acns.nwu.edu>, pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng) writes:

>Speaking of which, does anyone know how to get the smell of drone feces
>off of one's hands?  I've tried all of the consumer soaps, comet, etc., but
>the darned smell is harder to get off than even the smell of anatomy lab!

Have you tried any of the products available at pet stores for removing
skunk scent and other odors?  I've successfully used "Ryter's Odormute"
to remove the smell of urine from carpet. (And no, I don't work for them.)

April (who's hoping to have bees maybe next year)



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Article: 54 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: acbhour@phil.ruu.nl (Rudi van Houten)
Subject: Re: Bumble vs. Honey
Message-ID: <acbhour.766676188@speelman>
Sender: usenet@cc.ruu.nl
Organization: ACCU
References: <CoBvuH.Eto@noose.ecn.purdue.edu>
Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 13:36:28 GMT
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In <CoBvuH.Eto@noose.ecn.purdue.edu> mbrockma@bank.ecn.purdue.edu (Matt Brockman) writes:

>Can someone tell me (e-mail preferred) the difference
>between a Bumble Bee and a normal Honey bee and
>any other major types of bees?

Most eye-catching difference (as I see it). Bumble bee colonies live only
one year (season in fact), they don't pass the winter, and therefore they
don't build a big store of food. It is that big store of food of the honey
bee that makes it of value for humans.
Bumble bees also have an economical value for humanity, but it is not so
evident. Since bumble bees visit flowers much earlier in the year then
honeybees the bumble bee is important for early crop. (I think that a long
practice of "slaughtering" the heaviest hives at the end of the year has
made the lazy honey bees the fittest in the struggle for life).

--
Rudi van Houten	  Academisch Computer Centrum Utrecht / Besturings Systemen
Budapestlaan 8  -  3584 CD  -  Utrecht  -  Netherlands
:-) Fantasy is given mankind as retribution for what he is not,
    and a sense of humour to console him for what he is.


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Article: 55 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bee sting medication
Date: 18 Apr 1994 14:19:29 GMT
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>Does anyone know of a cure and/or medication against allergic reactions
>from a bee-sting.


Yes, Ephedrine in a shot form is what we use.  The oral form such as Benadryl 
cannot be used after a bee sting since the air passage swells.  In the US, you need 
to be certified to administer the ephedrine shot.  After being certified by a 
physician, he gave me a perscription to purchase the medicine at the local pharmacist.
As always consult a physician for guidance.

Rgds, 
David MacFawn
Master Beekeeper
Raleigh, North Carolina

  


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From: xisrgn@news.oryx.com (robert g nestor)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bad Bee Day
Date: 18 Apr 1994 13:52:14 GMT
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Matchstic (matchstic@aol.com) wrote:
:  AArrrggghhh!!!
:  what a bummer of a day
:  I've been spending the last 3 weeks putting together a budding sideline
: business (catching swarms etc), caught 19 swarms, been feeding the hell out of
: them) went out to check all my hives today.
:  First the hive that was going good guns(one of two I overwintered)
: has swarmed, and of course had no dadgummed honey
: then when I checked the other hives two of my swarms had left for other
: pastures(stupid bees)

Maybe you "feed the hell out of them" too much?  With my first hive I felt
kind of sorry for them the first winter and fed the hell out of them too.
Next spring they swarmed.  I was lucky in that I got the swarm back and
put up a second hive for them and they stuck around.  A professional bee
keeper told me that I shouldn't have feed them all winter because the
hive became to crowed causing them to swarm.  The next few winters I didn't
feed them at all and they remained happy and stayed at home. (Oh, don't
try this with cats - I stopped feeding mine and now he brings birds, mice
and dead rats to my back door.)


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Article: 57 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Distance between hives
Date: 18 Apr 1994 14:41:45 GMT
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>How far apart should hives bee (min. and max.)?  Does it even matter?

The distance between hives and the arrangement will determine several things 
like drifting.  Normally I like to have two hives per stand (this is for European 
bee, Africianized bees it is recommended to have one hive per stand), with the 
hives approx. 3-4 feet apart.  I get landscape timbers/angle iron/steel pipes 
(you can purchase bee stands but I find the landscape timers are cheaper), set 
them on concrete blocks and set two hives on each stand, orienting each stand 
in a slightly different orientation to reduce drifting.  When you set bees in 
long rows, the returning worker field bees tend to go into the end hives, resulting 
in a higher honey production in the end hives.  Also, you want the hives to be 
far enough apart such that if one hive gets worked up it will not affect the 
other hive(s) as bad; hence the 3-4 foot distance.  I also like to have room on 
the stand such that when I work the bees I can place the supers on the stand as 
I go thru the hive...I also place the telescoping lid on the ground and place the supers on the lid but sometimes this results in bees getting in the grass which 
means they will go up my pants legs...I know I should probably close off my pants 
legs but I never do.  The hives should be placed in a SE orientation with a hedge 
or fence to block the winter Northern winds.  I also like to place the hives close 
to a water source so they do not have to fly as far to collect water for cooling 
in the summer resulting in more bees allocated to collecting nector and pollen.

Rgds,
David MacFawn
Master Beekeeper
Raleigh, North Carolina


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Article: 58 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Tree
Date: 18 Apr 1994 15:21:24 GMT
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In article 4ic@news.u.washington.edu, jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) writes:
> Well, I put my two packages in their hives today, so I am now officially 
> an apiarist.  Many questions already, though, that hopefully some kind 
> and knowledgeable soul will take a moment or two to answer:
> 
> 1) My bees have found a knothole at the top and are going in and out of 
> it, basically ignoring the more traditional (although slightly blocked by 
> one of those wooden hole-maker-smaller-things) entrance at the bottom.  
> Question is: is this a problem?  Will they find the regular hole?  Should 
> I plug the knothole?

You can, but not a problem either way for the bees...your preference. Part of it 
is where you have your hives. If it is a problem with the bees coming out of the 
top, then plug it.  Sounds as if you have a migratory cover, rather than a 
telescoping cover that is covered with metal.

> 
> 2) When I shook in my package, I was unable to get out a good 1/3 of 
> them.  All the books I read just said "some" would remain.  Question is: 
> does "some" = 1/3?  Is this a problem?
> 
I place the package with the remaining bees on top of an inner cover and place an 
empty deep super around the package.  That way I know that the bees will "find" 
the correct hive.  You have to make sure though that the queen is below in the 
bottom brood chamber and plenty of bees are shaken around her.  You also need to 
have at least one drawn comb to make sure the bees will start building comb in 
the brood chamber and not in the area where the package is to make this work.  
My preference (especially if you do not have any drawn comb) is to keep shaking 
until I get all the bees out or place the package in front the hive and they 
will eventually go into the hive.  You can use a piece of plywood or sheet to 
assist the bees in crawning into the hive


> 3) Are there any organic approaches to disease control (Nosema, 
> Foulbrood, mites, etc.)?  I hate the idea of taking something as 
> beautiful and natural as honey and fouling it with chemicals. 

This is why the bee drug manufactuers recommend discontinuing medicating 4-8 
weeks prior to the honey flow.

 Is there 
> something I can plant in my garden?  Some herb to cook in with the sugar 
> syrup?  Anyone doing research on this?
> 
I don't know of anything...if you hear of something I would certainly be interested.


> 4) How many quart jars should I have at a time for a top feeder?  There 
> are slots for four, but is this necessary/recommended?  How often should 
> I refill them?  As often as they're empty?

As many as they need.  The bees will tell you by how fast they empty the jars.  
During a honey flow they typically do not take sugar syrup.  However, for new 
packages, it is recommended to feed them syrup with Fumdil-B for nosema with is 
often a problem with new packages

> 
> The books I have seem to skip over these questions, so I'm hoping the 
> vast world of the net will be able to help.  Thanks in advance...
> 
> Jordan








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Article: 59 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Tree
Date: 18 Apr 1994 15:23:28 GMT
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In article m71@news.u.washington.edu, jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) writes:
> The talk last night at my local Beekeepers meeting was on diseases, 
> always a timely topic I take it (say _that_ ten times fast).  The speaker 
> talked about the fact that once you started your hives on some sort of 
> drug or chemical to control a disease, you were basically committed to 
> keeping them on it forever.  My question (which, being a neophyte I was 
> too embarrassed to ask) is: is this true?  Why?  In the modern age, do I 
> have any hope of keeping my hives drug-free (and healthy)?
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Jordan


My guess is that they were saying that bees naturally build up immunity to pest/dieses.  If you treat them, they will nevel build up immunity.  The trachael mite is a good example...bees are starting be become resistance to the trachael mite.  Chalkbrood/nosema, etc. are other examples where bees have developed a certain immunity to the diese.

Rgds, Dave M.






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Article: 60 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mac@cis.ksu.edu (Myron A. Calhoun)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: bee sting medication
Date: 18 Apr 94 16:59:56 GMT
Organization: Kansas State University
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david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center) writes:
>>Does anyone know of a cure and/or medication against allergic reactions
>>from a bee-sting.

>Yes, Ephedrine in a shot form is what we use.  The oral form such as Benadryl 
>cannot be used after a bee sting since the air passage swells.  In the US, you need 
>to be certified to administer the ephedrine shot.  After being certified by a 
>physician, he gave me a perscription to purchase the medicine at the local pharmacist.

Please limit your lines to about 70 characters or so for us folks who
don't have zillion-column screens.

When I first took up beekeeping some 25 years ago, I talked it over
with my good ol' family doctor and he GAVE me a vial of epinephrine,
a hypo with needle, and instructions.  (A few years later, my fears
all gone, I threw the stuff away.)

--Myron.
-- 
# Five boxes preserve our freedoms:  soap, ballot, jury, witness, and cartridge.
# Myron A. Calhoun, PhD EE; Assoc. Professor  (913) 539-4448 home
# INTERNET: mac@cis.ksu.edu                         532-6350 work, 532-7353 fax
#     UUCP: ...rutgers!depot!mac      Packet radio: W0PBV@N0ARY.#NOCAL.CA.USA.NA


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Article: 61 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Tree
Date: 18 Apr 1994 17:09:52 GMT
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david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center) writes:

>In article m71@news.u.washington.edu, jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) writes:
>> The talk last night at my local Beekeepers meeting was on diseases, 
>> always a timely topic I take it (say _that_ ten times fast).  The speaker 
>> talked about the fact that once you started your hives on some sort of 
>> drug or chemical to control a disease, you were basically committed to 
>> keeping them on it forever.  My question (which, being a neophyte I was 
>> too embarrassed to ask) is: is this true?  Why?  In the modern age, do I 
>> have any hope of keeping my hives drug-free (and healthy)?

>My guess is that they were saying that bees naturally build up immunity to 
>pest/dieses.  If you treat them, they will nevel build up immunity.  The 
>trachael mite is a good example...bees are starting be become resistance to 
>the trachael mite.  Chalkbrood
>nosema, etc. are other examples where bees have developed a certain immunity
>to the disease.

How would they build up this immunity, though?  Given the short life span 
of the individual bees, I can't imagine it would happen on an individual 
level, and on the genetic level, an improvement could only happen by 
allowing those queens whose brood was susceptible to die and be replaced 
by a hardier stock.  Even given this somewhat unlikely scenario (unlikely 
given that with only two hives I'm not about to take a hardline Darwinian 
approach to hive management),  wouldn't the genetic input of drones from 
other hives in my area, some perhaps being treated with medications 
anyway, dilute this already weak effect?  I don't have a very strong 
understanding of bee biology or development, so I'd appreciate any 
correction in logic or assumptions that I've made...

Thanks,

Jordan




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Article: 62 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Subject: Re: Addicted to Meds?
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In article <2oq3mh$m71@news.u.washington.edu>
jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) writes:
 
>                                                        ...  The speaker
>talked about the fact that once you started your hives on some sort of
>drug or chemical to control a disease, you were basically committed to
>keeping them on it forever.  My question (which, being a neophyte I was
>too embarrassed to ask) is: is this true?  Why?  In the modern age, do I
>have any hope of keeping my hives drug-free (and healthy)?
>
 
The reason for this is that the disease for which you are treating may
or may not be present, but if it IS present, the medications are going
to treat but not eradicate the disease.  Now if you stop the treatment,
the disease for which you were treating will no longer be supressed by
the drugs and could explode within your hive.
 
As far as keeping your hives drug free, you can do this simply by not
using drugs.  Drug free and healthy is a different story.  I went for
twelve years following a drug free strategy with no problems.  The
following year I was TOTALLY wiped out by American Foul Brood.  I now
routinely treat in the fall after harvest and early in the spring.  I
have all drugs out of my hives thirty days prior to supering up for the
honey flows.  I don't like the fact that I'm using drugs, but I REALLY
didn't like killing my bees and burning my equipment.  And now, with the
mite problems I don't know how you can stay drug free and healthy other
than to "Just say no to drugs" and suffer the consequences.


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!transfer.stratus.com!stratus!cork!jane Mon Apr 18 17:30:25 EDT 1994
Article: 63 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jane@cork.swdc.stratus.com (Jane Beckman)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Swarms decreasing?
Message-ID: <1169.26203@stratus.SWDC.Stratus.COM>
Date: 18 Apr 94 17:57:17 GMT
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Has anyone in the Bay Area (yep, California) noticed that
swarming behavior is decreasing?  My neighborhood used to get
a couple swarms every year, but they seem to be decreasing
over time.  

I hear that mites are making inroads in the Santa Cruz Mtns.
Lots of dead hives, swarms down, etc.  Wild colonies are
dropping.  The question I wonder about is how much this is
hitting Northern California in general.  

I put out a swarm trap this year, in hopes of catching a
swarm, but I'm wondering if this might be a vain hope...
--
  Jilara   [jane@swdc.stratus.com]
That's how freedom will end: not with a bang, but with a rustle of file
folders.  If you love any of your rights, defend all of them!
-Joe Chew, on the net


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Article: 64 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Tree
Date: 18 Apr 1994 18:09:31 GMT
Organization: Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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>From jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Tree
Date: 18 Apr 1994 17:09:52 GMT

david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center) writes:

>In article m71@news.u.washington.edu, jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) writes:
>> The talk last night at my local Beekeepers meeting was on diseases, 
>> always a timely topic I take it (say _that_ ten times fast).  The speaker 
>> talked about the fact that once you started your hives on some sort of 
>> drug or chemical to control a disease, you were basically committed to 
>> keeping them on it forever.  My question (which, being a neophyte I was 
>> too embarrassed to ask) is: is this true?  Why?  In the modern age, do I 
>> have any hope of keeping my hives drug-free (and healthy)?

>My guess is that they were saying that bees naturally build up immunity to 
>pest/dieses.  If you treat them, they will nevel build up immunity.  The 
>trachael mite is a good example...bees are starting be become resistance to 
>the trachael mite.  Chalkbrood
>nosema, etc. are other examples where bees have developed a certain immunity
>to the disease.

How would they build up this immunity, though?  Given the short life span 
of the individual bees, I can't imagine it would happen on an individual 
level, and on the genetic level, an improvement could only happen by 
allowing those queens whose brood was susceptible to die and be replaced 
by a hardier stock.  Even given this somewhat unlikely scenario (unlikely 
given that with only two hives I'm not about to take a hardline Darwinian 
approach to hive management),  wouldn't the genetic input of drones from 
other hives in my area, some perhaps being treated with medications 
anyway, dilute this already weak effect?  I don't have a very strong 
understanding of bee biology or development, so I'd appreciate any 
correction in logic or assumptions that I've made...

Thanks,

Jordan



yes, it is a Darwinian approach but I know of a lot of beekeepers who only treat 
for varroa mites, if at all.  They are relying on the diversity within the Apis  
bee itself.  If a hive dies, it dies. Some have lost a good portion of their hives 
but they have made splits from those that remain with the resistance. This is how Carter Linkous here in Raleigh developed his Trachael Mite resistance bees.

Hope this helps.

Dave M.



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From: donb@crash.cts.com (Donald Bowen)
Subject: computerised farming
Organization: CTS Network Services (CTSNET/crash), San Diego, CA
Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 15:26:43 GMT
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        Some time ago someone in the group mentioned networking a farm.        
Could that person or anyone else who has done that drop me a line?             
                                                                               
        Don                                                                    



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Article: 66 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dww@bnr.co.uk (David Wright)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Welcome All!
Date: 18 Apr 1994 21:43:10 GMT
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adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein) writes:
# To all people interested in bees, beekeeping and hive products:
#Please use this group! Its for you.
#Adam

And you should all thank Adam, who not only campaigned for the group 
from the start, but put up with us busybodies in group-advice giving
him unasked for help on the group name, (the name initially suggested
did not fit well into the Usenet name system).   He even took our
advice, in the end, and I hope it contributed to the sucessful vote.

>From the initial traffic, it looks like you're going to have a good
Usenet group.  

Good luck, and may your clover never wither and your bees never swarm
out of season.

Regards,
	David Wright, speaking as a member of, but not for
	group-advice@uunet.uu.net, a small advisory list that tale refers
	people to for advice on newsgroup naming and votes.
dww@bnr.co.uk <or> dww@bnr.ca <or> uunet!stl!dww <or> D.W.Wright.EG10@bnr


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Article: 67 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: New newsgroup sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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tymix.Tymnet.COM!uunet!tale requested that a new newsgroup called 'sci.agriculture.beekeeping' be created.
It was approved by tale@uunet.uu.net



tymix.Tymnet.COM!uunet!tale says:
sci.agriculture.beekeeping is an unmoderated newsgroup which passed its vote
for creation by 271:27 as reported in news.announce.newgroups on 8 Apr 1994.

For your newsgroups file:
sci.agriculture.beekeeping	Beekeeping, bee-culture and hive products.

The charter, culled from the call for votes:

  Discussion on all aspects of beekeeping,bee-culture, and products of
  the hive.

  Sci.agriculture.beekeeping will provide beekeepers, bee scientists,
  farmers, and the general public one place for apicultural
  information. A FAQ is needed for bee-culture and beekeeping from
  African bees, to bee venom therapy. The curious are invited to discuss
  bee lore or ask questions, and the experienced beekeepers will be able
  to advise and help with the anecdotal information so necessary to
  beekeeping.



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Article: 68 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Questions from a beginner
Message-ID: <2oupsp$db0@scunix2.harvard.edu>
From: wseltzer@husc9.harvard.edu (Wendy Seltzer)
Date: 18 Apr 1994 20:17:29 GMT
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In article <CoFMAq.H2u@viewlogic.com>,
Przemek Skoskiewicz <przemek@tokamak.viewlogic.com> wrote:
>
>In article <2onnp0$4ic@news.u.washington.edu>, jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) writes:
[...]
>|> 
>|> 2) When I shook in my package, I was unable to get out a good 1/3 of 
>|> them.  All the books I read just said "some" would remain.  Question is: 
>|> does "some" = 1/3?  Is this a problem?
>
>Just leave them outside near the hive with the opening facing top: they'll find
>the hive and their queen.

When I set up my hives (two), I had read an interesting way of getting 
the last bees to go in.  If you slant a board from the ground to the 
entrance, dump a few of the remaining bees onto the board, and put the 
package at the base of the board, the bees will soon start to climb up 
the board into the hive.  It's not necessarily more efficient than the 
other methods, but it is certainly fun to watch!  (You also know they can 
find the entrance.)

Wendy
wseltzer@husc.harvard.edu


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Article: 69 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: robp@motorl.orl.mcd.mot.com (Robert C. Persons)
Subject: Re: Bumble vs. Honey
Message-ID: <1994Apr18.204711.16012@phx.mcd.mot.com>
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Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 20:47:11 GMT
Lines: 43


In article <acbhour.766676188@speelman>, acbhour@phil.ruu.nl (Rudi van Houten) writes:
|> In <CoBvuH.Eto@noose.ecn.purdue.edu> mbrockma@bank.ecn.purdue.edu (Matt Brockman) writes:
|> 
|> >Can someone tell me (e-mail preferred) the difference
|> >between a Bumble Bee and a normal Honey bee and
|> >any other major types of bees?
|> 
|> Most eye-catching difference (as I see it). Bumble bee colonies live only
|> one year (season in fact), they don't pass the winter, and therefore they
|> don't build a big store of food. It is that big store of food of the honey
|> bee that makes it of value for humans.
|> Bumble bees also have an economical value for humanity, but it is not so
|> evident. Since bumble bees visit flowers much earlier in the year then
|> honeybees the bumble bee is important for early crop. (I think that a long
|> practice of "slaughtering" the heaviest hives at the end of the year has
|> made the lazy honey bees the fittest in the struggle for life).
|> 
|> --
|> Rudi van Houten	  Academisch Computer Centrum Utrecht / Besturings Systemen
|> Budapestlaan 8  -  3584 CD  -  Utrecht  -  Netherlands
|> :-) Fantasy is given mankind as retribution for what he is not,
|>     and a sense of humour to console him for what he is.


I started following this for a friend of mine who does bees, but of course, I
to put in my two cents.  I have a second degree in Zoology, so I have an 
interest also.

One thing that I seem to remember is that there are varieties of Bumble Bees
which are also solitary.  The brood their young in underground chambers not
as a colony but singularly.  I will have to ask an old professor who was into
Entomology, but I think this isolates them, taxonomically, quite a bit from
honey bees.  I have been away from that side of my schooling for 10 years now
so I might have lost track of the facts.  Maybe there is someone out there
that could confirm or deny my memory.

Rob Persons
-- 
 =========>           My views, not Motorola's               <=============
  Rob Persons                    Voice: (407)823-7008  FAX: (407)823-7010
  Motorola Computer Group        EMAIL: robp@orl.mcd.mot.com
  12424 Research Prkwy. #217     Orlando, FL.  32826


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Article: 70 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jwg2y@poe.acc.Virginia.EDU (Warner Granade)
Subject: Poplar
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Our poplar is about to come in bloom here in Virginia. How does one
collect just poplar honey when so much other stuff is in bloom right now?
Do I just put in some empty frames as the trees flower and then remove
them as soon as they stop? The bees are hived in the edge of a woods of
mostly poplar.
--
Warner Granade *****jwg2y@virginia.edu
804-924-7409



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Article: 71 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Poplar
Date: 19 Apr 1994 13:56:44 GMT
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Our poplar is about to come in bloom here in Virginia. How does one
collect just poplar honey when so much other stuff is in bloom right now?
Do I just put in some empty frames as the trees flower and then remove
them as soon as they stop? The bees are hived in the edge of a woods of
mostly poplar.
--
Warner Granade *****jwg2y@virginia.edu
804-924-7409


When someone says that their honey is Tulip Poplar, they mean that the predominant
 floral source is Tulip Poplar but that some other minor floral sources are probably 
in the honey also.  If you have supers with foundation, you should put one super on 
at a time and when they get that super 1/2-3/4 full put another empty super under 
the partially filled super.  The Hive and the Honey Bee has a good example of 
correct supering as does some of the comb honey production books.  If you have 
drawn comb, you will get more honey since the bees do not have to draw out the 
comb and expend honey/nectar drawing out the comb.  

As far as collecting just Tulip Poplar *only*, it is next to impossible to have 
your bees collect only Tulip Poplar...they will collect what sweet nectar is 
available during that time of day.  You need to make sure that you give the bees 
plenty of space to store the nectar.  What happens is the bees will fill up the 
cells that the queen may very well lay in.  This results in the queen running 
out of room and swarm cells to be formed, i.e. the bees will form a swarm cell 
base and the queen will pop an egg in the swarm cell if she has no other place 
to lay it.  Swarm cells are enlongated cells that typically are on the bottom 
of the frames.  You can tip up the entire super/brood champer and look at the 
frame bottoms to see if you have any swarm cells.  I tip up the entire 
super/brood chamber rather that removing each frame because it is easier 
and quicker.

My two cents.

Good luck and have fun.

Dave MacFawn


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Article: 72 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: fredrik@edb.tih.no (Fredrik Wilhelmsen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Killer bees
Date: 19 Apr 1994 19:44:33 GMT
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an60222@anon.penet.fi wrote:
: Hi all.
: I don't hear a news on Killer bees lately.
: Are they not a threat it used to be thought?

Check out the article in Scientific American, dec. 1994, vol 269 no 6,
pp 52-58, "Africanized Bees in the U.S." by Thomas E. Rinderer et.al.

The conclusion seems to be: killer bees are a problem, but the problem
can be dealt with.

-Fredrik


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Article: 73 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca (Phil Veldhuis)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Beekeeping software
Date: 19 Apr 1994 19:44:09 GMT
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Could the person who posted information about beekeeping software please
post a small summary of the programs features, etc.  I hate to deluge the
poster or the software author with a request for info along with everyone
else.

BTW, (since we are just getting to know one anouther) I am a small time
beekeeper here in Manitoba (60 Hives) and also a provicial apiary
inspector during the spring. I'm also a grad student in philosophy doing
research in scientific methodology and the dance language hypothesis. 


Thanks in advance
Phil Veldhuis, Apiarist
-- 
------------oooooooooooooooOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOooooooooooooo-------------
Phil Veldhuis           |  "if something is not worth doing, 
Winnipeg. MB, Canada    |  it is not worth doing right"
veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca |                     Dave Barry (1985)


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Article: 74 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mmartin@yorick.umd.edu (Martha Martin)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping software
Date: 19 Apr 1994 11:51:06 -0400
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Summary: Search for sources of any colony simulation software

I have a friend who is looking for beekeeping software.  Can anyone 
recommend a source/sources for PC programs that have anything to do with 
apiculture?
So far, I have only seen two programs referred to: Bee Colony (a French 
program), and PC Bee Pop (U of Montana, JJ Bromenshenk, author(?)).  I 
have left a message with Mr. Bromenshenk in Arizona, but so far no reply.
Any leads, including email addresses would be very much appreciated.
Thanks!

M. Martin
mmartin@umd5.umd.edu


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Article: 75 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: moore901@crow.csrv.uidaho.edu (Moore Chad)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: New kid on the Block
Date: 19 Apr 1994 16:17:38 GMT
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Just wanted to say hi to all of you beekeepers out there.  This is the 
first Newsgroup that I have seen,  that is actually interesting.  I am 
from the Salmon River area in Idaho, and my family has been raising bees 
for over fifty years in this area.  We only have about three thousand 
colonies, but are hoping to expand if we  ever get rid of the mite.  We 
were clean, and had healthy bee hives until we started to go to 
California in the winter.   The best way that I know of to get rid of the 
might is the strips dipped in acid.    We have used  Cough drops, sticks  
dipped in medication, and  variouse other methods.   We  have had might 
for about  five years now, and it is finally starting to go away, but it 
has  cost us thousands of dollars  in medication  and loss of colonies.   
Does anyone  else have star  Thistle out there?  We have had that come up 
the past several years and it seems to be an  outstanding money maker.  
Thanks to whoever started this newsletter, it could be helpfull to all of 
us beekeepers.

	In reply to the beeman who got stung  on the upper lip through  
his veil.  The  best bet, is to get one of those three gallon containers 
with a spout and pour it in.  I know I get pretty thirst in one hundred 
and twenty degree weather when I am taking off of honey, and need a lot 
of water.


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Article: 76 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Help,please!
Date: 19 Apr 1994 16:33:25 GMT
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Catherine T Holley (cholley@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu) wrote:

: I hope that this group will be able to help us out on a problem. If I'm in the 
: wrong place, then just ignore this post. 3-4 years ago, a swarm of honey bees 
: moved into the cinder blocks that make up our chimney.  They're not in the 
: chimney pipe, just the "honeycomb" that the cinderblocks form.  Every few days 
: one of the bees gets lost and works its way into the house, not really a 
: problem for us, but deadly for the bee since they can't get out or get back 
: into the hive.  How do we get them out of the chimney without tearing it down? 
: I don't want to destroy an entire hive of bees; something seems very criminal 
: in this.  I just want them out of the block.  We live in a log cabin and I'm 
: afraid that the honey will draw other unwanted guests that might find the logs 
: an excellent home or an excellent addition to a meal.  Any suggestions?

: Cathy Holley  cholley@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu

cathy -

there are traps that will help you to remove most of the bees, but the
honey and brood (and queen) will remain. the honey and brood will draw all
kinds of other insects over a long period of time . . . and as the wax
breaks down the honey (by now quite a bit, i presume) will begin to run,
making a mess.

this is a worst case scenario, but i had a swarm in the house wall and all
that i have described happened. i waited it out, lived with the odors and
ants, and eventually the situation stabilized. the ants do a wonderful job!

you may want to dissemble the brickwork to gain access to the hive and
remove it. the beekeeper who does this will be happy to move the bees into
a commercial hive so that you can begin to be a beekeeper.

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov
all disclaimers apply


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Article: 77 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: article in NYT
Date: 19 Apr 1994 16:48:07 GMT
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Interesting article on spiders in today's New York Times (Science 
section), with a bit on how bees learn.  Check it out...

Jordan


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Article: 78 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping software
Date: 19 Apr 1994 17:00:33 GMT
Organization: Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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I have a friend who is looking for beekeeping software.  Can anyone 
recommend a source/sources for PC programs that have anything to do with 
apiculture?
So far, I have only seen two programs referred to: Bee Colony (a French 
program), and PC Bee Pop (U of Montana, JJ Bromenshenk, author(?)).  I 
have left a message with Mr. Bromenshenk in Arizona, but so far no reply.
Any leads, including email addresses would be very much appreciated.
Thanks!

M. Martin
mmartin@umd5.umd.edu

yes, Tom Sanford has an interesting program:
Malcolm T. Sanford 
Bldg 970, Box 110620
University of Florida 
Gainesville, FL 32611-0620 
Phone (904) 392-1801, Ext. 143 
FAX: 904-392-0190 
BITNET Address: MTS@IFASGNV 
INTERNET Address: MTS@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU 

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Tom Sanford       Extension Apiculturist   University of Florida
Mailing Address:  Bldg 970, Hull Rd., Gainesville, FL 32611-0620
Voice phone  904/392-1801, Ext. 143
FAX  904/392-0190
INTERNET:  MTS@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU
BITNET:  MTS@IFASGNV
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++




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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: an60222@anon.penet.fi
X-Anonymously-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Organization: Anonymous contact service
Reply-To: an60222@anon.penet.fi
Date: Fri, 15 Apr 1994 12:31:54 UTC
Subject: Killer bees
Lines: 12


Hi all.

I don't hear a news on Killer bees lately.

Are they not a threat it used to be thought?

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Article: 80 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: sgeorge@citi.umich.edu (Scott George)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Killer bees
Date: 19 Apr 1994 18:57:17 GMT
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From: an60222@anon.penet.fi

>I don't hear a news on Killer bees lately.
>Are they not a threat it used to be thought?

Actually, the December 1993 issue of Scientific American
had an article about the hybridization of the Africanized
bee.  Anyone read this article?  What'd you think of it?

--Scott (who does not keep bees, but would like to 
             some day.)


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Article: 81 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: fredrik@edb.tih.no (Fredrik Wilhelmsen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bumble vs. Honey
Date: 19 Apr 1994 18:57:24 GMT
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: |> >Can someone tell me (e-mail preferred) the difference
: |> >between a Bumble Bee and a normal Honey bee and
: |> >any other major types of bees?
: |> 
I read somewhere (sorry, don't remeber where or when) that 
Bumble Bees are more stupid than Honey bees.  And this stupidity makes
them more useful in a greenhouse.  A hive of honey bees will find
a way out of an open window if there easier food to be found outside
the greenhouse.  The bumble bees will buzz happily around inside,
fulfilling their important mission.

-Fredrik

PS: A honey bee is supposed to have 800.000 neurons (New Scientist,
feb, 26., 1994, page 17. I had the ref on that one :-).  Half of the
neurones are believed to be (no pun) devotet to sight.  How smart can
they be. (still no pun intended).



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Article: 82 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: asmith2@umbc.edu (smith adam)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: a question
Date: 19 Apr 1994 21:33:37 -0400
Organization: University of Maryland, Baltimore County
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This is the question i have always wanted to get into falconry but i have
never really pursed the legal aspects of it. Is Falconry still allowed in 
Maryland, i.e. can you still obtain licenses for the sport.  
I would really appreciate any info people have.  Just incase you are wondering
I would like to have either a Red-tail or a American Kestrel

adam




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Article: 83 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: How do I reduce an over abundant hive?
Date: 20 Apr 1994 18:34:53 GMT
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My packages bees from last year have increased in volume exponentally
They are already 6 hives high and full to the brim.  My buddy Jordan
Schwartz who lives 1 block away and just started 2 new hives with
package bees (initial setup this last weekend).  Can anyone recommend a
way(s) to pass some of this overflow onto him?  I would still like to
have a good honey harvest but just can't handle another hive in my urban
kingdom. 
(Last year was my first year for beekkeeping so I'm still a major 
novice.) 

Thanks
Teri

You can do several things.  You can split your hive and give him either some frames 
with brood or a super or two.  The is called equalization.  A series of articles by 
a deceased 
bee research by the name Farr sp? was published in the American Bee Journal (ABJ) 
last year.  To combine supers, place a layer of newspaper between the existing hive 
and the super being added.  By the time the bees eat their way through the paper, 
they will accept each other.  Be sure that  you keep your queen though, i.e. she is 
not in the super that you give your friend...if you do give away your queen, the 
bees will raise another queen if they have fertilized worker eggs less than 12-36 
hours old.  If two queens end up in the same hive, they will fight it out and 
the strongest one will survive.  If you want to add frames from your overflowing 
hive to your friends hive, you can spray the bees on each frame with sugar syrup 
and the bees will accept each other.  

Take Care, Dave MacFawn
For those of your who do not know me, I am a master beekeeper in Raleigh, 
North Carolina.  I published a series of 4 articles in ABJ last year on business 
plans, financial analysis of beekeeping operations, and analyzing the affect 
of imported honey.  I only keeps bees as a hobby with only 15 hives.



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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mites
Date: 20 Apr 1994 18:43:37 GMT
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>From adwright@iastate.edu ()
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mites
Date: 20 Apr 94 12:58:51 GMT

>I am not an expert on beekeeping but i thought the following topics 
>would be of interest:

>I read a report that the USDA is working with a Yugoslavian strain that
>is resistant to varora mite.  It may be available to the public in a 
>few years.

These bees are now being sold.  I notice in the ABJ and Bee Culture that people are now selling they

>Also i saw a report that the bees are more tolerant to high temperature
>than tracheal mites, so it was concluded that painting hives black
>instead of white would be useful. 

Someone is actually selling a "system" to put your super into and heat up to kill the mits but not hot enough to kill the bees...I don't remembers if this was for trachael or vorroa mites though.  It was again advertised in one of the bee journals

>I am wondering what the experts think of painting the hive black?  

Allen

-- 




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From: trhan@cac.washington.edu (Teri Rhan {FMO})
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: How do I reduce an over abundant hive?
Date: 20 Apr 1994 04:14:05 GMT
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My packages bees from last year have increased in volume exponentally
They are already 6 hives high and full to the brim.  My buddy Jordan
Schwartz who lives 1 block away and just started 2 new hives with
package bees (initial setup this last weekend).  Can anyone recommend a
way(s) to pass some of this overflow onto him?  I would still like to
have a good honey harvest but just can't handle another hive in my urban
kingdom. 
(Last year was my first year for beekkeeping so I'm still a major 
novice.) 

Thanks
Teri


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Article: 86 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Beekeeping software
Date: 19 Apr 94 23:39:28 EST
Organization: University of Scranton
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In article <2p0ula$ski@yorick.umd.edu>, mmartin@yorick.umd.edu (Martha Martin) writes:
> I have a friend who is looking for beekeeping software.  Can anyone 
> recommend a source/sources for PC programs that have anything to do with 
> apiculture?

	Penn State has a software program, write to

		Mary Ann Fraiser
		504 ASI Bldge.
		Dept. of Ent. PA State Univ.
		University Park, PA 16802
		(814) 865-4621

	I don't know how good it is, I read a favorable review in ABJ
last year.


~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Dave D. Cawley		   |	Where a social revolution is pending and,
University Of Scranton	   |	for whatever reason, is not accomplished,
ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu	   |	reaction is the alternative.
ddc1@SCRANTON		   |				-Daniel De Leon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



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From: nelson@crynwr.crynwr.com (Russell Nelson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Super-super?
Date: 20 Apr 1994 18:49:57 GMT
Organization: Crynwr Software
Lines: 11
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NNTP-Posting-Host: 137.143.201.14

Has anyone heard anything about a special kind of super called a
super-super?  It has specially-sized holes in the back of each cell
that causes the honey to run down into a collection container.  No
super removal needed!  A friend of mine patented it nearly 17 years
ago and never brought it to market.  A pity.

--
-russ <nelson@crynwr.com>      ftp.msen.com:pub/vendor/crynwr/crynwr.wav
Crynwr Software   | Crynwr Software sells packet driver support | ask4 PGP key
11 Grant St.      | +1 315 268 1925 (9201 FAX)    | Quakers do it in the light
Potsdam, NY 13676 | LPF member - ask me about the harm software patents do.


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From: killoran@ll.mit.edu (Mike Killoran)
Subject: Re: Killer bees
In-Reply-To: fredrik@edb.tih.no's message of 19 Apr 1994 19:44:33 GMT
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Sender: news@ll.mit.edu
Organization: MIT Lincoln Lab -- Lexington, MA
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Date: Wed, 20 Apr 94 12:31:42 -0400
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In article <2p1cb1$pmk@astfgl.edb.tih.no> fredrik@edb.tih.no (Fredrik Wilhelmsen) writes:

>   Check out the article in Scientific American, dec. 1994, vol 269 no 6,
                                                       ^^^^   

I look forward to reading it.

:->




(My first package arrives this week!)
--
Mike Killoran                            Zen says:
killoran@ll.mit.edu                  Cease to do evil,
(617) 981-2667                        Try to do good.


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From: jeg7e@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Jon Gefaell)
Subject: Re: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Message-ID: <CoDL8r.At7@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
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Date: Sat, 16 Apr 1994 23:29:14 GMT
Lines: 18

In article <2omjnp$38s@sixgun.east.sun.com>,
David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center <david@boogie.East.Sun.COM> wrote:
>
>This newsgroup is great!  Anyone know where I can get one of Dadant's out-of-print books on Bees and The Law?  It was written by someone in Virginia.
>
>Also, I have postscript files of 4 articles that I published in ABJ last year on Beekeeping Business plans, finance applied to bee operations and one that I did on analyzing the affect of imported honey.  Will internet handle postscript docs?

I may be premature, but Adam Finklestien, the fellow who proposed the group
is a user at my site. I'd be happy to offer our resources for an anonymous
FTP site (We already archive some Amiga software development) gopher, www, 
etc... for Sci.Agriculture.Beekeeping.
-- 
_____________________________________________________________________________
\ \  /  Jon Gefaell, Computer Systems Engineer       |  Amateur Radio, KD4CQY
 \/\/  Community Internetwork Research & Development |  -Will chmod for Food-
  \/  The University of Virginia, Charlottesville    |   Hacker@Virginia.EDU
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
<a href:"http://Hopper.ITC.Virginia.EDU/~jeg7e/">Jon Gefaell's Home Page</a>


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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mites
Date: 20 Apr 1994 21:29:46 GMT
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Adam Finkelstein (adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU) wrote:
:  There are two kinds of bee mites: tracheal and varroa. Tracheal are
: internal, Varroa are external. Colonies die from both mites usually when
                                          ^^^ 
adam -
i lost a colony to varroa last fall and found only a clean, empty hive
left . . . no dead bees. i was told that the  colony absconds . . . maybe
they just get tired of being bugged by the mites <g>.

do they die off, too?

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov
all disclaimers apply


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From: carpenwa@imd1.cbs.or.gov (William A Carpenter)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Keeping Bees in the City
Date: Wed, 20 Apr 1994 16:04:28
Organization: State of Oregon - DCBS
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I have been reading about keeping bees for years, but never have had a good 
location to have my own hives.  Reading this newsgroup is encouraging me to go 
ahead and keep bees anyway.  I live in a small city in Oregon.  Does anyone 
have any pointers on keeping bees in a residential area?  Thanks!


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Article: 92 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Mites
Message-ID: <CoD8Ep.73C@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
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References: <2ok5dt$gec@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <2ok8u6$clv@csugrad.cs.vt.edu> <2omdbcINN43g@sepia.wv.tek.com> <2omrf8$op3@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu>
Date: Sat, 16 Apr 1994 18:52:01 GMT
Lines: 24

 There are two kinds of bee mites: tracheal and varroa. Tracheal are
internal, Varroa are external. Colonies die from both mites usually when
the bee population is low and the mite population is high(Winter or early
spring)So far the best solution to tracheal mites has been a healthy colony
with plenty of feed and grease patty added to the colony. Some incorporate
terramycin into the patty for preventative treatment of the various
foulbrood diseases, although new research might show that the terramycin
might help keep the tracheal mites effect at bay.
 Varroa mites are treated with Apistan and maybe in some states other
chemicals, I'm not sure of the exact laws.
 As is usually the case, healthy bees are less susceptible to any stress.
Keep them well fed with honey for over-wintering, and ask your State
Apairist or bee inspector, or maybe extension agent for info. Bee clubs are
also an excellent source of information.
 Buckfast bees, Yugo bees (ARS release) and some others from around the
country are tolerant to tracheal mites. Nothing is tolerant to varroa
yet.
 Adam
-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


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From: bokhorst@gatwick.sgp.slb.com (Karel Bokhorst)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Propolis?
Date: 19 Apr 1994 11:57:00 GMT
Organization: Schlumberger Geco-Prakla
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It is well known that the kit (propolis) bees use to desinfect their
hives can also be used  for humans. It can cure/help to cure quite a few
common illnesses.

Has anybody any experience with propolis as a medicine?
Are there any articles on the net about propolis?
Is there any research going on with propolis?

Any answers/questions/suggestions appreciated.

Regards,

Karel



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Article: 94 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rah@netcom.com (Richard Hyde)
Subject: Re: Propolis?
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Karel Bokhorst (bokhorst@gatwick.sgp.slb.com) wrote:

: It is well known that the kit (propolis) bees use to desinfect their
: hives can also be used  for humans. It can cure/help to cure quite a few
: common illnesses.

This is news to me.  I thought that the promary purpose of propolis
was to chink holes in the hive.  I suppose pine and other resins
would have some antibacterial properties, but it seems a secondary
function at best.

I have heard anecdotal evidence that propolis has been used to
cure arthritus, but then so has copper and silver bracelets.  YMMV.

Does anyone know if Kibo keeps bees?  :-)

-r

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Article: 95 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rah@netcom.com (Richard Hyde)
Subject: Re: How do I reduce an over abundant hive?
Message-ID: <rahCoL4xB.HH0@netcom.com>
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Teri Rhan {FMO} (trhan@cac.washington.edu) wrote:
: My packages bees from last year have increased in volume exponentally
: They are already 6 hives high and full to the brim.  My buddy Jordan
: Schwartz who lives 1 block away and just started 2 new hives with
: package bees (initial setup this last weekend).  Can anyone recommend a
: way(s) to pass some of this overflow onto him?  I would still like to


Teri,

A standard way of joining hives is to remove the top from the recipient
hive and spread a sheet of newspaper over the top of the frames.
Make sure the frames are completely covered.  Poke a few tiny holes
in the newspaper and then place an empty super over the top.  This
will will give you an empty cavity over the top of the recipient hive
into which you can place the donor bees.  Take as many bees as you
wish from your existing hive and place them into the empty super.
Now replace the cover.

As the bees chew through the newspaper they should become used to 
each others scent and by the time they gain full access, the unification
should be peaceful.

You should keep watch while this is happening and immediately remove
the donor bees shoud signs of fighting occur.

As an alternate to shaking the bees into an empty super you can simply
take a full super from your hive and place it on the recipient hive, again
seperated by a sheet of paper.

Needless to say, you should *not* transfer your queen along with the
donor bees.

 
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Article: 96 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adwright@iastate.edu ()
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mites
Date: 20 Apr 94 12:58:51 GMT
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I am not an expert on beekeeping but i thought the following topics 
would be of interest:

I read a report that the USDA is working with a Yugoslavian strain that
is resistant to varora mite.  It may be available to the public in a 
few years.

Also i saw a report that the bees are more tolerant to high temperature
than tracheal mites, so it was concluded that painting hives black
instead of white would be useful. 

I am wondering what the experts think of painting the hive black?  

Allen

-- 




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Article: 97 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: How do I reduce an over abundant hive?
Message-ID: <sKSjjaE96h4H054yn@world.std.com>
Sender: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
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In article <2p2a6d$h2u@news.u.washington.edu>, Teri Rhan {FMO} wrote:
> My packages bees from last year have increased in volume exponentally
> They are already 6 hives high and full to the brim.

By "6 hives full" do you mean full of what?  Honey? Bees? Brood?
By "6 hives" do you mean 6 full-sized hive bodies?  Regardless of the
answer, I'm impressed.  If you have mostly honey, harvest it and enjoy...
(if you can weigh it, I'm curious how much you have...)  If bees/brood
you'll either get the ultimate honey harvest or a swarm from hell..

>  My buddy Jordan
> Schwartz who lives 1 block away and just started 2 new hives with
> package bees (initial setup this last weekend).  Can anyone recommend a
> way(s) to pass some of this overflow onto him?  I would still like to

You may be onto some sort of "superbee" here, you definitely should try to
propogate this line.  One way is to have your friend start a new hive from
yours.  Take several frames of brood (including eggs but _not_ your queen) and
honey, place in a hive, add tons of your bees (since your friend is so close
you'll get most back) and start a new hive descended from your "superbees" 
Great if you can supply it with a queen cell.  Otherwise the bees in the new
colony will raise a new queen from one of the eggs. Or give him your queen
along with this, being sure _your_ hive has eggs or a queen cell, then your
hive will now be the decendent, this also reduces the chance of it swarming.
Check the beekeeping books on how to "split" a colony.

You can just give your friend frames of sealed brood to help his hives
build up quickly.  You can also add bees with the newspaper method but it will
be difficult to give your friends bees to bolster his hives since they'll drift
back.

They may want to swarm soon, so you may want to do do something soon.

-Mike


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Article: 98 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Propolis?
Date: 21 Apr 1994 06:24:54 GMT
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In article <2p0guc$85@gorgon.gatwick.sgp.slb.com>,
Karel Bokhorst <bokhorst@gatwick.sgp.slb.com> wrote:
>Has anybody any experience with propolis as a medicine?
>Are there any articles on the net about propolis?
>Is there any research going on with propolis?
>
>Any answers/questions/suggestions appreciated.

When I was at Davis, I wrote a review paper on propolis.  Since then, there
have been many studies published, and I have yet to add those.  I was
originally going to submit this paper to Bee World for publication, but I
decided to wait until the recent flurry of research established the
mechanism of action for CAPE.

Regards,
Paul

p.s.  I am NOT doing research on bees (currently), CAPE, or propolis (heck, 
I can't even ask for drones without being called a "sicko"! 8) ).


		Honey Bee Propolis:  Prospects in Medicine 
 
			      Paul C. Cheng 
   Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, California 
			      June 7, 1993 
 
 
Introduction: 
	Modern doctors trained in allopathic medicine are usually 
wary of naturopathic remedies because the mechanisms of efficacy 
are usually unclear.  Indeed, if one examines "recipes" from 
Chinese herbal medicine or some "home remedies," the active 
ingredients are unknown.  Also demonstration of the effectiveness 
of the remedies often is not scientific (no use of placebos) and 
could be a result of psychological effects of the patient.  
However, modern allopathic doctors and researchers should not 
ignore potential benefits which natural products may provide in 
curing some of the most serious medical problems today. 
	One such natural product which has received increased 
attention is propolis, a sticky substance collected from trees by 
honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) which they use to seal their hives.  
The components of propolis can be traced to the trees from which 
they are collected.  Bees frequently visit conifers and poplars to 
collect resins from the trees' buds or bark, and these resins are 
taken back to the hive to be used as a sealing agent.  If animals 
such as mice die in the hive, the carcasses are too big to be 
removed by the bees.  Instead, they cover the carcass with 
propolis, which prevents serious bacterial infection of the 
colony.  Ray Hill (1977) describes that propolis derived from 
poplar resin has been used as a folk remedy to cure bacterial 
infections for more than 2,000 years.  Ailments curable by 
propolis include throat infections, bad breath, ulcers, eye 
infections, and urinary tract infections.  Currently, propolis is 
available for purchase as an ingredient in sore-throat lozenges, 
powder, and even toothpaste. 
	It is important to note that the components of propolis vary 
depending on the source from which resins have been collected by 
the bees; therefore the biological activity of the individual 
components of propolis must be identified first.  Poplar propolis 
contains many different compounds, including flavonoids, 
phenolics, cinnamic acid, and caffeic acid (Greenway, et al., 
1987).  An alcoholic extract yields antibacterial activity, and it 
is interesting to note that poplar bud resins also exhibit the 
same activity (Hill, 1977).  Current scientific studies focus on 
the antiviral and anti-tumor effects of flavonoids and caffeic 
acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), some of which will be reviewed in 
this paper. 
 
Flavonoids: 
	The ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) was shown in 
bacterial plate cultures to be effective in inhibiting the growth 
of a Staphylococcus aureus strain that has become resistant to the 
antibiotic methillicin (Grange and Davey, 1990).  Furthermore, EEP 
was found to preferentially inhibit cocci and Gram-positive rods 
at a concentration of 3 mg/ml.  The researchers speculate that the 
active compounds in EEP include the flavonoid galangin (3,5,7-
trihydroxyflavone) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), and 
that synergisms may be occurring since single components have 
reduced inhibitory effect.  The mechanism of action is thought to 
be an inhibition of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerases by a 
water-soluble, UV-absorbing component of propolis (also, Simuth, 
et al., 1986).  However, data was not presented which support 
these speculations.  Further testing of individual components and 
then synergisms among different components is necessary to 
conclude the mechanisms of antimicrobial inhibition. 
	Debiaggi, et al., (1990) tested the antiviral effects of 
five specific flavonoids: chrysine, kaempferol, acacetin, 
galangin, and quercetin (fig. 1).  Using in vitro cell cultures, 
the replication and infectivity of herpesvirus, adenovirus, 
coronavirus, and rotavirus strains were determined.  Chrysine and 
kaempferol showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of 
intracellular viral replication of all viruses tested but did not 
affect the infectivity of the viruses.  Quercetin inhibited 
replication and infectivity only at relatively high concentrations 
(60 mg/ml), and finally, acacetin and galangin both had no effect 
on either replication or infectivity.  It is unfortunate that the 
researchers did not study the synergistic effects of the five 
flavonoids. 
	In a more focused study of flavonoid inhibition of viruses, 
Amoros, et al. (1992) observed individual and binary synergistic 
effects of flavonols (galangin, kaempferol, and quercetin) and 
flavones (chrysin, luteolin, apigenin, tectrochrysin, 
isosakuranetin, and pinocembrin) on herpes simplex virus type 1 
(HSV-1) infection and replication in monkey kidney cells in vitro.  
They found that in general, flavonols were more effective than 
flavones at reducing the titer of viruses; however, they found 
that galangin was active while chrysin was not, contradicting the 
Debiaggi, et al. (1990) study.  The authors attributed the 
contradiction to: 1) difference in strains of HSV-1, 2) difference 
in incubation time (48 hours less than Debiaggi, et al.), and 3) 
different assay parameters.  Additionally, when two different 
flavonoids were administered together, significant synergy was 
observed, with all combinations of flavonols and flavones yielding 
a significant reduction in virus titer.  Synergies often indicate 
different modes of action, but since the mechanism(s) of viral 
inhibition have yet to be resolved, the authors can only 
speculate. 
	In summary, flavonoids have been demonstrated to have 
activity against bacterial reproduction and viral replication and 
infectivity.  The flavonols appear to have a higher level of 
activity, and quercetin, kaempferol, and galangin appear to have 
the most activity individually.  Synergisms occur among the 
flavonoids and perhaps with other components in propolis, but 
further research on the individual mechanisms of activity must be 
accomplished before synergisms can be understood. 
 
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE): 
	CAPE is another constituent of propolis with biological 
activity.  In 1991, Su, et al. studied the toxicity of CAPE 
towards cells transformed with the adenovirus type 5 E1A genomic 
domain.  This domain causes activation of transcription of 
cellular and viral genes, induction of DNA synthesis and mitosis 
in growth-arrested (differentiated) cells, and immortalizes embryo 
cultures.  Clearly, the characteristics of transformed cells seem 
oncogenic.  The results indicate that CAPE preferentially 
inhibited DNA synthesis and growth in AD5 E1A transformed cells, 
and at high concentrations of CAPE, transformed cells were killed.  
The mechanism of the selective inhibition is unknown but thought 
to be related with the transformed state.  When cells were 
transformed with other genes such as Ha-ras oncogene and bovine 
papilloma virus type 1, they were also selectively inhibited.  
Perhaps transformed cells have altered cellular membrane functions 
or cellular physiology which permit CAPE activity.  Further 
studies to identify the location and mechanism of CAPE activity 
will provide crucial information to the knowledge of the biology 
of cancer. 
	In a follow-up study, Guarini, et al. (1992) determined the 
effects of CAPE on two tumor cell lines, human melanoma HO-1 and 
human glioblastoma multiforme GBM-18.  The results were compared 
to those of other cellular modulators mezerein (MEZ), mycophenolic 
acid (MPA), and retinoic acid (RA).  Furthermore, combinations of 
CAPE with these modulators were also studied.  The astonishing 
results show that CAPE suppressed growth in both cell lines, 
induced differentiation in HO-1, and modulated the expression of 
tumor-associated antigens in both cell lines.  In combination with 
MEZ, CAPE had a very strong anti-proliferative effect and was the 
only treatment which completely suppressed growth in the GBM-18 
cell line (figs. 3 and 4).  Although the results seem very 
exciting and promising, several key points are not answered in 
this study.  First, the mechanism of action of CAPE is still 
unknown.  Second, the researchers did not control for effects of 
CAPE on normally-dividing melanocytes or astrocytes.  Finally, the 
effect of CAPE on other tumor cell lines has yet to be determined. 
	Synthetic derivatives of caffeic acid esters (fig. 5) were 
also shown to have an effect similar to CAPE (Rao, et al., 1992).  
Methyl caffeate (MC), phenethyl caffeate (PEC), and phenylethyl 
dimethylcaffeate (PEDMC) were tested on 3,2'-dimethyl-4-
aminobiphenyl (DMAB)-mutagenized Salmonella typhimurium strains 
(TA 98 and TA 100) and human colon adenocarcinoa cells (HT-29).  
It was shown that the more lipophilic PEC and PEDMC were more 
effective at inhibiting cell growth and DNA synthesis than MC, 
indicating that penetration through cellular membranes is 
important in the activity of the caffeic acid esters.  
Furthermore, these compounds reduced the activity of ornithine 
decarboxylase and protein tyrosine kinase, two enzymes associated 
with unlimited neoplastic cell growth and proliferation.   
Discussion: 
	To make progress in applying natural products in medicine, 
it is essential to take a reductionist viewpoint.  In the example 
of propolis, it has been known for hundreds of years as a folk 
remedy for curing infections, but even this knowledge is 
unacceptable when first, it is difficult to maintain a consistent 
source of propolis; second, one does not know how it works; and 
third, since the mode of action and the components are unknown, 
side effects are difficult to predict.  The benefits of propolis, 
though, were difficult to ignore, and researchers began to study 
it at the reductionist level.  By understanding the mechanism of 
action of propolis' individual active components, synergies can be 
predicted and understood.  Furthermore, derivatives of the active 
components can be made which might yield in an increased efficacy. 
	Two active compound groups of propolis identified with 
biological activity are the flavonoids and the caffeic acids.  
Flavonoids inhibit the growth of cocci and Gram-positive bacteria, 
and viruses.  Quercetin, kaempferol, and galangin appear to be the 
most promising individual flavonoids, but their mechanisms of 
inhibition are still unknown.  All the flavonoids have synergistic 
effects with each other and with other components of propolis, 
suggesting that their mechanisms of action are targeting different 
areas of the bacterial or viral machinery.  Caffeic acid phenethyl 
ester was discovered to preferentially inhibit growth, inhibit 
proliferation, and even kill oncogene-transformed and tumor cell 
lines.  CAPE was also found to induce differentiation and modulate 
the expression of tumor-associated antigens by the cells. 
	However, problems with these results still exist.  No 
further studies involving mechanisms of action have been 
published, although it is certain some researchers are actively 
pursuing this goal.  Increased use of propolis components 
individually may result in the development of microbial 
resistance; therefore, it is necessary to also understand 
synergies.  Most importantly, these propolis components have not 
been tested in vivo.  Further detailing of their mechanisms and 
effects may permit clinical trials with human subjects. 
	If the components of propolis work in the human system, then 
their value to medicine will be invaluable.  Flavonoids could 
provide an alternative antibiotic in situations where microbes 
have developed resistance to traditional drug therapies.  
Inhibition of viruses by flavonoids may mean a cure for the common 
cold.  Cancer patients may be asked to add CAPE to their regimen 
of drugs to inhibit the growth and proliferation of tumors.  Also, 
since CAPE modulates antigens on tumor cells, the effectiveness of 
immunotherapy will increase. 
 


References: 
Debiaggi, M., Tateo, F., Pagani, L., Luini, M., and Romero, E. 
(1990)  Effects of propolis flavonoids on virus infectivity and 
replication.  Microbiologica  13: 207-213. 
 
Grange, J.M., Davey, R.W. (1990)  Antibacterial properties of 
propolis (bee glue).  J. R. Soc. Med.  83(3): 159-160. 
 
Greenway, W., Scaysbrook, T., and Whatley, F. R. (1987)   The 
analysis of bud exudate of Populus euramericana and of propolis 
by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.  Proc. R. Soc. Lond.  
B232: 249-272. 
 
Guarini, L., Su, Z.Z., Zucker, S., Lin, J., Grunberger, D., and 
Fisher, P.B. (1992)  Growth inhibition and modulation of 
antigenic phenotype in human melanoma and glioblastoma 
multiforme cells by caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE).  Cell. 
Mol.. Biol.  38(5): 513-527. 
 
Hill, R. (1977)  Propolis.  The Natural Antibiotic.  Thorsons 
Publishers Ltd., Wellingborough, 64 pp. 
 
Rao, C.V., Desai, D., Kaul, B., Amin, S., and Reddy, B.S. (1992)  
Effect of caffeic acid esters on carcinogen-induced 
mutagenicity and human colon ademocarcinoma cell growth.  
Chem.-Biol. Interactions  84: 277-290. 
 
Simuth, J., Trnovsky, J., and Jelokova, J.  Inhibition of 
vacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymersases and restriction 
endonucleases by UV-absorbing components from propolis.  
Pharmazie  41: 131-132. 
 
Su, Z.Z., Grunberger, D., and Fisher, P.B. (1991)  Suppression of 
adenovirus type 5 E1A-mediated transformation and expression of 
the transformed phenotype by caffeic acid phenethyl ester 
(CAPE).  Mol. Carcinogen. 4: 231-242.
 
(From Medline:)
Authors
  Focht J.  Hansen SH.  Nielsen JV.  van den Berg-Segers A.  Riezler R.
Institution
  Bioscientia, Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Moers, Fed. Rep. of
  Germany.
Title
  Bactericidal effect of propolis in vitro against agents causing upper
  respiratory tract infections.
Source
  Arzneimittel-Forschung.  43(8):921-3, 1993 Aug.
Local Messages
  +HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARY OWNS TITLE--CHECK NUcat FOR HOLDINGS
Abstract
  Propolis is a natural product of bees which exhibits an antimicrobial
  effect. In the study the existence of a bactericidal effect against
  several strains isolated from patients with infections in their upper
  respiratory tracts is demonstrated. In light of the use of propolis as a
  therapeutic agent in natural medicine for common colds and inflammatory
  processes this effect is discussed.

Authors
  Rao CV.  Desai D.  Simi B.  Kulkarni N.  Amin S.  Reddy BS.
Institution
  Division of Nutritional Carcinogenesis, American Health Foundation,
  Valhalla, New York 10595.
Title
  Inhibitory effect of caffeic acid esters on azoxymethane-induced
  biochemical changes and aberrant crypt foci formation in rat colon.
Source
  Cancer Research.  53(18):4182-8, 1993 Sep 15.
Local Messages
  +HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARY OWNS TITLE--CHECK NUcat FOR HOLDINGS
Abstract
  Previous work from this laboratory established that caffeic acid esters,
  present in the propolis of honey bee hives, are potent inhibitors of human
  colon tumor cell growth, suggesting that these compounds may possess
  antitumor activity against colon carcinogenesis. The present study was
  designed to investigate (a) the inhibitory effects of methyl caffeate (MC)
  and phenylethyl caffeate (PEC) on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced ornithine
  decarboxylase (ODC), tyrosine protein kinase (TPK), and arachidonic acid
  metabolism in liver and colonic mucosa of male F344 rats, (b) the effects
  of caffeic acid, MC, PEC, phenylethyl-3-methylcaffeate (PEMC), and
  phenylethyl dimethylcaffeate (PEDMC) on in vitro arachidonic acid
  metabolism in liver and colonic mucosa, and (c) the effects of PEC, PEMC,
  and PEDMC on AOM-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation in the colon
  of F344 rats. At 5 weeks of age, groups of animals were fed diets
  containing 600 ppm MC or PEC (biochemical study) or 500 ppm PEC, PEMC, or
  PEDMC (ACF study). Two weeks later, all animals except the vehicle-treated
  groups were given s.c. injections of AOM, once weekly for 2 weeks. The
  animals intended for the biochemical study were sacrificed 5 days later
  and colonic mucosa and liver were analyzed for ODC, TPK, lipoxygenase, and
  cyclooxygenase metabolites. The animals intended for the ACF study were
  sacrificed 9 weeks later and analyzed for ACF in the colon. The results
  indicate that the PEC diet significantly inhibited AOM-induced ODC (P <
  0.05) and TPK (P < 0.001) activities in liver and colon. The PEC diet
  significantly (P < 0.001) suppressed the AOM-induced lipoxygenase
  metabolites 8(S)- and 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE). The
  animals fed the MC diet exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect on ODC and
  5(S)-, 8(S)-, 12(S)-, and 15(S)-HETEs and a significant (P < 0.001) effect
  on colonic TPK activity. However, the MC and PEC diets showed no
  significant inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenase metabolism. In an in
  vitro study, caffeic acid and MC showed inhibitory effects on HETE
  formation only at a 100 microM concentration, whereas PEC, PEMC, and PEDMC
  suppressed in vitro HETE formation in a dose-dependent manner. AOM-induced
  colonic ACF were significantly inhibited in the animals fed PEC (55%),
  PEMC (82%), or PEDMC (81%). The results of the present study indicate that
  PEC, PEMC, and PEDMC, present in honey, inhibit AOM-induced colonic
  preneoplastic lesions, ODC, TPK, and lipoxygenase activity, which are
  relevant to colon carcinogenesis.

Authors
  Sud'ina GF.  Mirzoeva OK.  Pushkareva MA.  Korshunova GA.  Sumbatyan NV. 
  Varfolomeev SD.
Institution
  A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State
  University, Russian Federation.
Title
  Caffeic acid phenethyl ester as a lipoxygenase inhibitor with antioxidant
  properties.
Source
  FEBS Letters.  329(1-2):21-4, 1993 Aug 23.
Local Messages
  +HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARY OWNS TITLE--CHECK NUcat FOR HOLDINGS
Abstract
  Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, an active component of propolis extract,
  inhibits 5-lipoxygenase in the micromolar concentration range. The
  inhibition is of an uncompetitive type, i.e. the inhibitor binds to the
  enzyme-substrate complex but not to the free enzyme. Caffeic acid
  phenethyl ester also exhibits antioxidant properties. At a concentration
  of 10 microM, it completely blocks production of reactive oxygen species
  in human neutrophils and the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system.

Authors
  Frenkel K.  Wei H.  Bhimani R.  Ye J.  Zadunaisky JA.  Huang MT.  Ferraro
  T.  Conney AH.  Grunberger D.
Institution
  Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical Center,
  New York 10016-6451.
Title
  Inhibition of tumor promoter-mediated processes in mouse skin and bovine
  lens by caffeic acid phenethyl ester.
Source
  Cancer Research.  53(6):1255-61, 1993 Mar 15.
Local Messages
  +HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARY OWNS TITLE--CHECK NUcat FOR HOLDINGS
Abstract
  Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) was isolated from propolis (a product
  of honeybee hives) that has been used in folk medicine as a potent
  antiinflammatory agent. CAPE is cytotoxic to tumor and virally transformed
  but not to normal cells. Our main goal was to establish whether CAPE
  inhibits the tumor promoter (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate)-induced
  processes associated with carcinogenesis. Topical treatment of SENCAR mice
  with very low doses (0.1-6.5 nmol/topical treatment) of CAPE strongly
  inhibits the following 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-mediated
  oxidative processes that are considered essential for tumor promotion: (a)
  polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration into mouse skin and ears, as
  quantified by myeloperoxidase activity; (b) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
  production; and (c) formation of oxidized bases in epidermal DNA, as
  measured by 5-hydroxymethyluracil and 8-hydroxylguanine. A 0.5-nmol dose
  of CAPE suppresses the oxidative burst of human polymorphonuclear
  leukocytes by 50%. At higher doses (1-10 mumol), CAPE inhibits edema and
  ornithine decarboxylase induction in CD-1 and SENCAR mice. Interestingly,
  we discovered that 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced H2O2
  production in bovine lenses also is inhibited by CAPE. Cumulatively, these
  findings point to CAPE as being a potent chemopreventive agent, which may
  be useful in combating diseases with strong inflammatory and/or oxidative
  stress components, i.e., various types of cancer and possibly cataract
  development.

Authors
  Guarini L.  Su ZZ.  Zucker S.  Lin J.  Grunberger D.  Fisher PB.
Institution
  Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University, College of
  Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
Title
  Growth inhibition and modulation of antigenic phenotype in human melanoma
  and glioblastoma multiforme cells by caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE)
  [published erratum appears in Cell Mol Biol 1992 Sep;38(6):615].
Source
  Cellular & Molecular Biology.  38(5):513-27, 1992 Aug.
Local Messages
  +HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARY OWNS TITLE--CHECK NUcat FOR HOLDINGS
Abstract
  The active component of the honeybee hive product propolis, caffeic acid
  phenethyl ester (CAPE), has been shown to display increased toxicity
  toward various oncogene-transformed cell lines in comparison with their
  untransformed counterparts (Su et al., 4: 231-242, 1991). This observation
  provides support for the concept that it is the transformed phenotype
  which is specifically sensitive to CAPE. In the present study, we have
  determined the effect of CAPE on the growth and antigenic phenotype of a
  human melanoma cell line, HO-1, and a human glioblastoma multiforme cell
  line, GBM-18. For comparison, we have also tested the effects of mezerein
  (MEZ), mycophenolic acid (MPA) and retinoic acid (RA), which can
  differentially modulate growth, differentiation and the antigenic
  phenotype in these human tumor cell lines. Growth of both cell lines was
  suppressed by CAPE in a dose-dependent fashion, with HO-1 cells being more
  sensitive than GBM-18 cells. The antiproliferative effect of CAPE was
  enhanced in both cell types if CAPE and MEZ were used in combination.
  Growth suppression was associated with morphological changes in H0-1
  cells, suggesting induction of a more differentiated phenotype. CAPE also
  differentially modulated the expression of several antigens on the surface
  of the two tumor cell lines. These results suggest a potential role for
  CAPE as an antitumor agent, an antigenic modulating agent and possibly a
  differentiation inducing agent.

Authors
  Rao CV.  Desai D.  Kaul B.  Amin S.  Reddy BS.
Institution
  Division of Nutritional Carcinogenesis, American Health Foundation,
  Valhalla, New York.
Title
  Effect of caffeic acid esters on carcinogen-induced mutagenicity and human
  colon adenocarcinoma cell growth.
Source
  Chemico-Biological Interactions.  84(3):277-90, 1992 Nov 16.
Local Messages
  +HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARY OWNS TITLE--CHECK NUcat FOR HOLDINGS
Abstract
  Propolis, a honey bee hive product, is thought to exhibit a broad spectrum
  of activities including antibiotic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and tumor
  growth inhibition; some of the observed biological activities may be due
  to caffeic acid (cinnamic acid) esters that are present in propolis. In
  the present study we synthesized three caffeic acid esters, namely methyl
  caffeate (MC), phenylethyl caffeate (PEC) and phenylethyl dimethylcaffeate
  (PEDMC) and tested them against the 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl, (DMAB,
  a colon and mammary carcinogen)-induced mutagenicity in Salmonella
  typhimurium strains TA 98 and TA 100. Also, the effect of these agents on
  the growth of human colon adenocarcinoma, HT-29 cells and activities of
  ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) was
  studied. Mutagenicity was induced in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98
  and TA 100 plus S9 activation using 5 and 10 micrograms DMAB and
  antimutagenic activities of 0-150 microM MC, 0-60 microM PEC and 0-80
  microM PEDMC were determined. The results indicate that MC, PEC and PEDMC
  were not mutagenic in the Salmonella tester system. DMAB-induced
  mutagenicity was significantly inhibited with 150 microM MC, 40-60 microM
  PEC and 40-80 microM PEDMC in both tester systems. Treatment of HT-29
  colon adenocarcinoma cells with > 150 microM MC, 30 microM PEC and 20
  microM PEDMC significantly inhibited the cell growth and syntheses of RNA,
  DNA and protein. ODC and PTK activities were also inhibited in HT-29 cells
  treated with different concentrations of MC, PEC and PEDMC. These results
  demonstrate that caffeic acid esters which are present in Propolis possess
  chemopreventive properties when tested in short-term assay systems.
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu)
Northwestern University Medical School, MSTP-1
Ward Bldg. Box 213
Chicago, IL 60611


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!news.eunet.fi!news.csc.fi!nokia.fi!dshp04!mustakal Thu Apr 21 23:30:44 EDT 1994
Article: 99 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mustakal@dshp.ntc.nokia.com (Sari Mustakallio)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: swarm trap, was Swarms decreasing?
Date: 21 Apr 1994 10:28:43 GMT
Organization: Nokia Datacommunications
Lines: 15
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <2p5kgr$bd4@noknic.nokia.com>
References: <2ou4th$950@sixgun.East.Sun.COM> <mac.766688601@depot.cis.ksu.edu.cis.ksu.edu> <1169.26203@stratus.SWDC.Stratus.COM>
NNTP-Posting-Host: dshp03.trs.ntc.nokia.com

In article <1169.26203@stratus.SWDC.Stratus.COM>, jane@cork.swdc.stratus.com (Jane Beckman) writes:
|...> 
|> I put out a swarm trap this year, in hopes of catching a
|> swarm, but I'm wondering if this might be a vain hope...
|...

Hi fellow bee keepers!

I'm not a professional bee keeper and I have only one hive to get my
annual honey :-)

Therefore, explain me what kind of system is a swarm trap?  
I'd like to build one to have another hive too...

Sari


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!xanth.cs.odu.edu!ukma!jobone!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!yeshua.marcam.com!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!newsserver.tasc.com!rshough.read.tasc.com!user Thu Apr 21 23:30:47 EDT 1994
Article: 100 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Keeping Bees in the City
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: Thu, 21 Apr 1994 13:45:50 -0500
Organization: TASC
Lines: 48
Message-ID: <rshough-210494134550@rshough.read.tasc.com>
References: <carpenwa.5.0010138E@imd1.cbs.or.gov>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rshough.read.tasc.com

In article <carpenwa.5.0010138E@imd1.cbs.or.gov>, carpenwa@imd1.cbs.or.gov
(William A Carpenter) wrote:

> I have been reading about keeping bees for years, but never have had a good 
> location to have my own hives.  Reading this newsgroup is encouraging me to go 
> ahead and keep bees anyway.  I live in a small city in Oregon.  Does anyone 
> have any pointers on keeping bees in a residential area?  Thanks!

Here are my thoughts:

1) provide some sort of fence/obstruction, possibly a hedge or something
similar, to force the bees to fly up before they leave your property - if
the bees are above head level, few people will notice them. The real trick
is to locate the hives so that the flight path doesn't create a problem.
Placing hives with a flight path across a busy sidewalk is not wise. The
obstruction described above helps in a tight space by raising the flight
path high enough to avoid problems.

2) The less visible your hives are, the better. Vandalism can be a problem.
Don't know why, but kids seem to enjoy throwing rocks at bee hives......
Also, the less obtrusive the colonies are, the less likely you are to
distress your neighbors.

3) speaking of neighbors, a jar of honey is a very valuable tool of
diplomacy!

4) Provide a water source for your bees. Bees need water, and they *will*
seek it out. Often times, the closest water source is a neighbor's
swimming pool. This often leads to distraught neighbors!

5) just to be safe, I would discretely check for any local ordinances. I
don't
think that restrictive ordinances relative to bees are widespread, but they
do exist.

6) Join a local beekeeping club!  They can provide you with the best local
info.

I know of several urban beekeepers who do quite well, so don't let your
"lack of location" deter you any longer! Your location is probably better
than you realize.

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************


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Article: 101 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: donb@crash.cts.com (Donald Bowen)
Subject: Re: Keeping Bees in the City
Organization: CTS Network Services (CTSNET/crash), San Diego, CA
Date: Thu, 21 Apr 1994 14:53:58 GMT
Message-ID: <donb.766940038@crash.cts.com>
References: <carpenwa.5.0010138E@imd1.cbs.or.gov>
Sender: news@crash.cts.com (news subsystem)
Nntp-Posting-Host: crash.cts.com
Lines: 15

In <carpenwa.5.0010138E@imd1.cbs.or.gov> carpenwa@imd1.cbs.or.gov (William A Carpenter) writes:

>I have been reading about keeping bees for years, but never have had a good 
>location to have my own hives.  Reading this newsgroup is encouraging me to go 
>ahead and keep bees anyway.  I live in a small city in Oregon.  Does anyone 
>have any pointers on keeping bees in a residential area?  Thanks!

	A beekeeper in Spokane kept his is a backyard.  He placed the
hives in front of a tall fence with the entrance facing the fence forcing
the bees to climb to higher altitudes.  He said that this tended to
disperse the bees and kept neighbors from bothering him.

	In San Diego, bees must be kept 600 feet from a neighbors house.

	DonB


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:28:35 EDT 1994
Article: 102 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Bee Newsletter Info (fwd)
Message-ID: <CoF40E.7AB@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Sun, 17 Apr 1994 19:12:13 GMT
Lines: 36

Date:         Sun, 17 Apr 1994 02:37:24 LCL
Reply-To: Charles Howe <chowe@cthoneybee.win.net>
Subject:      Sharing newsletter material

    In the few months I have been on the BEE-L list I have
encountered three other newsletter editors. I suspect there may be
more. I am constantly looking for fresh material for the
Connecticut Honey Bee and a couple of people have graciously allowed
me to use their material. I suspect other newsletter editors are
constantly "beating the bushes" looking for material as I do.

    Therefore, I have created a list of material which I can share
with others. I have tried to select the material most generic in
nature, considering a world-wide audience. My list contains ascii
text files of stories which have appeared in the Connecticut Honey
Bee and TIF graphics files which I have used. My list is about 7KB
long so I am not posting it here to clutter everyone's mail box. I
will send it to anyone requesting it.

   Please understand if I do not respond quickly. This is a busy
time of year for me, preparing for pollination, etc. I may get
more reponses than I can answer immediately.

   -----------------------------------------
  | Chuck Howe - Editor                     |
  | Connecticut Honey Bee                   |
  | INTERNET - CHOWE@CTHONEYBEE.WIN.NET     |
  | COMPUSERVE - 72726.1437@COMPUSERVE.COM  |
   -----------------------------------------

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!news.cac.psu.edu!news.pop.psu.edu!psuvax1!news.cc.swarthmore.edu!netnews.upenn.edu!gopher.cs.uofs.edu!jaguar.uofs.edu!ddc1 Tue Apr 26 22:28:39 EDT 1994
Article: 103 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How do I reduce an over abundant hive?
Date: 21 Apr 94 07:15:05 EST
Organization: University of Scranton
Lines: 18
Distribution: usa
Message-ID: <1994Apr21.071505.1@jaguar.uofs.edu>
References: <2p2a6d$h2u@news.u.washington.edu> <rahCoL4xB.HH0@netcom.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: jaguar.cs.uofs.edu

In article <rahCoL4xB.HH0@netcom.com>, rah@netcom.com (Richard Hyde) writes:
> As the bees chew through the newspaper they should become used to 
> each others scent and by the time they gain full access, the unification
> should be peaceful.
> 
> You should keep watch while this is happening and immediately remove
> the donor bees shoud signs of fighting occur.

	With the hive closed and you outside, how do you figure out if it's
a peaceful unification or not?

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Dave D. Cawley		   |	Where a social revolution is pending and,
University Of Scranton	   |	for whatever reason, is not accomplished,
ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu	   |	reaction is the alternative.
ddc1@SCRANTON		   |				-Daniel De Leon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!news.cac.psu.edu!news.pop.psu.edu!psuvax1!news.cc.swarthmore.edu!netnews.upenn.edu!gopher.cs.uofs.edu!jaguar.uofs.edu!ddc1 Tue Apr 26 22:28:41 EDT 1994
Article: 104 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Florida Extension Newsletter
Date: 21 Apr 94 07:20:30 EST
Organization: University of Scranton
Lines: 281
Message-ID: <1994Apr21.072030.1@jaguar.uofs.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: jaguar.cs.uofs.edu

	Somebody asked about newsletters last week...This is the Florida
Extension Beekeeping Newsletter posted with permission. I'll post them every
month as I get them.


					Dave


****************************************************************************


            Florida Extension Beekeeping Newsletter
    Apis--Apicultural Information and Issues (ISSN 0889-3764)
                 Volume 12, Number 4, April 1994

                     FLUVALINATE INSPECTIONS

     Dr. Keith Delaplane reprinted an article from the December,
1993 Quarterly Update for Inspectors in Pesticide Enforcement,
published by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)in his
Georgia Bee Letter, January-March, 1994. As Dr. Delaplane
concludes, the warning to beekeepers is self-explanatory:

     "Recently some of our State Programs discovered a problem of
widespread misuse of a pesticide product by beekeepers.  The
pesticide fluvalinate...is now being used by beekeepers to control
Varroa mites in beehives during honey flow.  The particular
formulation used was not approved for use in beehives, and there is
no legal use of fluvalinate in hives during honey flow.

     "There is a formulation that is approved for use in beehives.
The product Apistan is a plastic strip impregnated with 10%
fluvalinate active ingredient.  This formulation is more expensive,
so some beekeepers have been soaking wooden sticks in unapproved
fluvalinate formulations for use in their hives.  Since beekeeping
takes place to some degree in every state, all inspectors should be
aware of this issue and take action where appropriate." [Editor's
emphasis]

                            NEW VIDEO

     With support of the Federal Extension Service, USDA and The
Ohio State University Cooperative Extension Service, National
Apicultural Program Leader for the Federal Extension Service, Dr.
Jim Tew, has released a videotape which contains five (5) segments:

Africanized Bees- Learning to Live with Them, color, 20:23,
discusses the recent establishment of the Africanized honey bee
population in south Texas.  This includes interviews with the
Apiary Inspection Service and commercial beekeepers about what the
bee means to changes in apiculture in the Rio Grande Valley.

Africanized Honey Bees- Destroying Africanized Bee Hives, color,
15:20, describes controlling established colonies of Africanized
bees in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas.

How to Get Started- Bees From a Building, color, 17:23, shows how
to remove an established colony of honey bees from a building and
install it into a modern moveable-frame beehive.

The Sting- Ground Nesting Yellow Jackets, color, 5:55, describes
the excavation and dissection of an underground yellow jacket nest.

The Sting- The Hornet's Highrise Hive, Color, 8:11, discusses the
bald-faced hornet's life cycle and nesting activities.

     This video is currently being added to the IFAS Audiovisual
library at the University of Florida.  It will be available through
your county Cooperative Extension Office.  Additional copies are
available at $10.00 each from Dr. Tew, OSU Extension Bee Lab,
OARDC/Dept. of Entomology, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, ph
216/263-3684.

                          HONEY HOTLINE

     I have had two indications that the Honey Hotline, a service
of the National Honey Board Food Technology Program, continues to
be a source of information for beekeepers and others.  I was able
to quickly answer a beekeeper's request concerning honey storage
after contacting the hotline.  I simply called the 800 number (356-
5941) and was sent printed information on the topic.

     Dr. Robert Bates, Department of Food Science, University of
Florida also received information concerning honey fermentation
from Program.  It is found in the Honey Hotline, No. 4, 1993.

     According to this four-page newsletter, the National Honey
Board commissioned a study which recently was completed by Bison
Brewing Co. (Berkeley, CA).  The company developed  five prototype
samples of honey ale and stout.  The report covered what
adjustments are necessary in brewing beer using citrus, sage,
clover and buckwheat honeys.  In summary, the results include:

1.  Honey should be added so that diastic enzymes (alpha and beta
amylase) do not degrade the dextrins (non-fermentable
carbohydrates) in beer, destroying the texture and body of the end
product.

2.  Yeast and bacteria in honey are generally not active because of
the low water content.  However, when honey is diluted for making
beer, these microorganisms can grow and adversely affect the end
product.  Bison Brewing was able to perfect a method to pasteurize
honey, preserving its delicate flavor and composition (176 degrees
F for 2.5 hours under anaerobic conditions).  After pasteurization,
the honey is then cooled and added to the beer at high Kraeusen
(peak fermentation).

3.  Because adding honey will decrease the dextrins in the final
product as discussed in number one above, the brewer should use
higher saccharification temperatures (154 to 160 degrees F.).  A
lower original gravity in the wort is also suggested.

4.  Honey is generally used in beer brewing because of its distinct
aroma and flavor.  A subtle flavor is contributed by using 3-10
percent honey per total grain bill and lighter honeys are
recommended.  At 11-30 percent of total grain bill, distinct
flavors develop, and stronger flavored hops, caramelized or roasted
malts, spices and other additions should be considered.  Over 30
percent of total grain bill, the honey dominates the other flavors
in the beer.  Stronger flavored honeys in general are recommended
because they give distinct flavors, even at low levels.

5.  More investigation is needed in heating honey which produces
furfurals and derivatives causing off flavors and in ensuring an
adequate amount of free amino nitrogen (FAN) necessary to the
fermentation process.

     In conclusion, according to the newsletter, honey is
unsurpassed as an additive in brewing and this activity offers
endless possibilities.  More information on the research reported
above is available from the National Honey Board Food Technology
Program, P.O. Box 281525, San Francisco, CA 94128-1525, FAX
415/340-8568.

     For those of us that may not be in the micro-brewery scene,
honey in beer brewing at first glance appears to be only a minor
activity, not responsible for marketing much product.  However,
there appears to be huge growth potential in this area.  According
to the above newsletter, in 1992 there were 103 micro-breweries and
191 brew pubs in the U.S.  The former are growing at 6 percent
annually and the latter increased by a total of 15 between 1991 and
1992.  In addition, nearly one million persons make 30-60 gallons
of beer at home each year.

     Beyond beer, "New Age" beverages and those associated with
sports are also good candidates for using honey, according to the
newsletter.  New Age Beverages are a $195 million market.  They are
defined as sweetened waters with a "good for you" attitude.  Honey
holds a "definite" place in a variety of beverage products such as
Grizzly Ade, a preservative-free product which is naturally
flavored with honey, produced by Pyramid Juice Company (Ashland,
OR); Honey 'N Apple Raspberry and Honey N' Cranberry juices from
Brookies Food Products (Coral Springs, FL), Barker's Tru-Fruit
Juice from Anz-Trade (San Leandro, CA); and Honey Lemonade from
Vivaleo (Dallas, TX).

                           POLLEN BEES

     It is becoming abundantly clear that honey bees can no longer
be looked at as the premier insect pollinator for all plants.  Many
other bees also go for the pollen.  Some of these have been written
up as "The Busiest of Bees: Pollen Bees Outwork Honey Bees as Crop
Pollinators," in the February, 1994 issue of Agricultural Research.

     According to the article, of more than 20,000 known bee
species, only six are honey bees (genus Apis).  The rest are
"pollen bees," sometimes called wild, or solitary, bees.  These
don't fit descriptions of overdefensive African bees, yellowjackets
and hornets.  Instead, the article says, they have "friendlier"
names, including digger, sweat, bumble, carpenter, leafcutter,
orchard and shaggy fuzzyfoot.

     The key to a pollen bee's fanatic work schedule, according to
the article, is that it often is not around long and needs to
quickly lay in a pollen load for its brood; some only have four to
six weeks to do so.  This is analogous to the energy output of
salmon swimming upstream to spawn.

     Many pollen bees are also far more efficient pollinators than
honey bees, because they specialize on certain plants.  One example
is the hornfaced bee (Osmia cornifrons), popular in Japan for apple
pollination.  This bee can visit 15 flowers a day, setting 2,450
apples compared to 50 set by the honey bee.  Thus, apple growers
only need 500 to 600 hornfaced bees per hectare (2.47 acres),
instead of thousands of honey bees.  This bee is being studied
intensively at the ARS Beltsville Bee Laboratory.

     Then there's "buzz pollination."  Many pollen bees literally
vibrate the flowers, causing pollen to discharge from the anthers
in clouds, the article says.  Honey bees don't.  For certain crops
like blueberries, tomatoes, chili peppers, eggplants and
cranberries, buzz pollination is important for optimum results.
Carpenter bees and fuzzyfoots are adept at this activity, and their
activities are being examined by Agricultural Research Service
scientists at Tucson, AZ and Beltsville, MD.  The goal is to
develop artificial nests to make mass-rearing possible.

     Bumblebees are big business overseas because of their
pollinating potential in greenhouse tomatoes, according to the
article, and may soon be in the U.S.  This is corroborated by a
full-page advertisement in the January, 1994 issue of Fruit Grower.
An inquiry for dealers in "maintenance free bumblebees," suggests
there's money to be made by selling hives equipped with a special
feeding cartridge, transparent lid, and closeable entrance.  For
information, contact Biobest Biological Systems, Llse Velden 18, B-
2260 Westerlo, Belgium, ph +32/14/23 17 01, FAX +32/14/23 18 31.

     Another potential blueberry pollinator in the West is Osmia
ribifloris, according to the article.  It visits a blueberry
blossom about every three seconds, three times faster than a worker
honey bee.  Its life history is being researched at the Logan Utah
laboratory for non-Apis bees.  Not mentioned in the article, but
just as important, is Habropoda laboriosa, the southeastern
blueberry bee.  The effectiveness of this insect and potential for
its use in southern rabbiteye blueberries was written up in the
January and February, 1991 issues of APIS.

     Although pollen bees are less efficient in certain pollinating
situations, those involved in honey bees have little reason to
despair.  Apis mellifera continues to be the pollinator of choice
for a good many crops because it can be managed, moved and
manipulated to ensure large populations at specific times,
something impossible for most pollen bees.  Recent information
about the scarcity of honey bees caused by infestation of the
imported mite, Varroa jacobsoni, has also changed the pollination
picture for honey bees.  They can no longer be taken for granted,
and like the pollen bees mentioned in the article, their most
important protectors continue to be people.  As the article
concludes, it needs to be recognized that pollen bees (and by
extension, honey bees) are a wildlife resource and valuable part of
the environment.  Scientists contributing to the article are listed
as: Suzanne Batra, USDA-ARS Bee Research Lab, Bldg. 476, BARC-East,
10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, ph 301/504-8205,
FAX 301/504-8736; Stephen Buchmann, USDA-ARS Carl Hayden Bee
Research Center, 2000 E. Allen Rd., Tucson, AZ 85719, ph 602/670-
6481, FAX 602/670-6493; Philip F. Torchio and Vincent Tepedino,
USDA-ARS Pollinating Insect Biology Research Unit, Natural
Resources Bldg., Utah State University, Logan, UT 84332, ph
801/797-2520, FAX 801/797-1575.

                         AHB MISCELLANY

     CITE Extension, Federal USDA Extension Service, reports that
a third-grade reading level book on African bees has just been
published by Dillon Press, A division of Macmillan.  Entitled
"Killer Bees," it is a part of the series called "remarkable
animals."  The authors are Kathleen Davis and Dave Mayes of Texas
A & M University News Staff.

     Also reported was "Bee Smart Week," declared in San Diego
County, CA March 21-26.  This kicked off an intensive release of
information and education on African bees, primarily targeting
schools and employers.  San Diego Mayor Susan Golding was even a
caste member in a skit entitled "Bee Smart and Don't Bug Bees!"



Sincerely,



Malcolm T. Sanford
Bldg 970, Box 110620
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611-0620
Phone (904) 392-1801, Ext. 143
FAX: 904-392-0190
BITNET Address: MTS@IFASGNV
INTERNET Address: MTS@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU


*****************************************************************************

-- 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Dave D. Cawley		   |	Where a social revolution is pending and,
University Of Scranton	   |	for whatever reason, is not accomplished,
ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu	   |	reaction is the alternative.
ddc1@SCRANTON		   |				-Daniel De Leon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!xanth.cs.odu.edu!ukma!jobone!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!yeshua.marcam.com!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!emory!swrinde!sgiblab!cs.uoregon.edu!reuter.cse.ogi.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!news.u.washington.edu!trhan Tue Apr 26 22:28:44 EDT 1994
Article: 105 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: trhan@cac.washington.edu (Teri Rhan {FMO})
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How do I reduce an over abundant hive?
Date: 22 Apr 1994 06:44:23 GMT
Organization: UW Networks and Distributed Computing
Lines: 68
Distribution: usa
Message-ID: <2p7ro7$ia6@news.u.washington.edu>
References: <2p2a6d$h2u@news.u.washington.edu> <sKSjjaE96h4H054yn@world.std.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: shiva1.cac.washington.edu

In article <sKSjjaE96h4H054yn@world.std.com>,
Michael Moroney <moroney@world.std.com> wrote:
>In article <2p2a6d$h2u@news.u.washington.edu>, Teri Rhan {FMO} wrote:
>> My packages bees from last year have increased in volume exponentally
>> They are already 6 hives high and full to the brim.
>
>By "6 hives full" do you mean full of what?  Honey? Bees? Brood?

Yes, there is a large quantity of nearly fully capped honey (as of last
sunday), bees covering every frame and across the top in every hive
body accept for the top one, brood thruout the bottom 3 hives, varying
in the 4th none in the 5th and 6th.

>By "6 hives" do you mean 6 full-sized hive bodies?  Regardless of the

The top 2 are not full-sized but are the shallower super size. That's
all I have left and frankly is all I expected to use for the season.

>answer, I'm impressed.  If you have mostly honey, harvest it and enjoy...
>(if you can weigh it, I'm curious how much you have...)  If bees/brood
>you'll either get the ultimate honey harvest or a swarm from hell..

2nd, 3rd, and 4th hive bodies were running 50-80 lbs., the rest much 
lighter. It's the swarm part that I really want to avoid.  I put my city
lot neighbors thru 3 swarms last year (my year of learning the hard way)
and have had to bribe with mega quantities of Honey.

>
>>  My buddy Jordan
>> Schwartz who lives 1 block away and just started 2 new hives with
>> package bees (initial setup this last weekend).  Can anyone recommend a
>> way(s) to pass some of this overflow onto him?  I would still like to
>
>You may be onto some sort of "superbee" here, you definitely should try to
>propogate this line.  One way is to have your friend start a new hive from
>yours.  Take several frames of brood (including eggs but _not_ your queen) and
>honey, place in a hive, add tons of your bees (since your friend is so close
>you'll get most back) and start a new hive descended from your "superbees" 
>Great if you can supply it with a queen cell.  Otherwise the bees in the new
>colony will raise a new queen from one of the eggs. Or give him your queen
>along with this, being sure _your_ hive has eggs or a queen cell, then your
>hive will now be the decendent, this also reduces the chance of it swarming.
>Check the beekeeping books on how to "split" a colony.
>
>You can just give your friend frames of sealed brood to help his hives
>build up quickly.  You can also add bees with the newspaper method but it will
>be difficult to give your friends bees to bolster his hives since they'll drift
>back.
>
>They may want to swarm soon, so you may want to do do something soon.
>
>-Mike

Thanks for the tips Mike,
Jordan and I are scheduled to figure out something this weekend
primarily based on the advice from this newsgroup.  We'll let you know
how it goes if anyone is interested.

Thanks again,
Teri

TERI RHAN			
Communications Engineering	\Facilities Management Office
trhan@u.washington.edu	 	 \Physical Plant Office FJ-10
Direct Dial: (206)543-7575 #336	  \Design Division (206)543-8200





From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!arco!convex!convex!cs.utexas.edu!koriel!news2me.EBay.Sun.COM!coca-cola.East.Sun.COM!sixgun.East.Sun.COM!boogie!david Tue Apr 26 22:28:47 EDT 1994
Article: 106 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How do I reduce an over abundant hive?
Date: 22 Apr 1994 15:29:11 GMT
Organization: Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Lines: 24
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <2p8qg7$k99@sixgun.East.Sun.COM>
Reply-To: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM
NNTP-Posting-Host: boogie.east.sun.com


Michael, It sounds like you have a super or two of honey to 
take off.  Congratulations!!



Just FYI, I guess some beehive terminology is in order.  

A hive consists of a brood chamber and supers stacked on top of the brood chamber.  
The brood chamber may be the deep equipment, a medium depth equipment (6 5/8), or 
the shallow equipment...the brood chamber is just whatever equipment the queen has 
laid eggs in/raising brood in.  Most beekeepers use the deep equipment for the 
brood chamber and stack the medium or shallow depth equipment/supers on top of 
the brood chamber.  Many beekeepers use two deeps for the brood chamber and 
stack additional supers on top of the two deeps. A strong hive like you have 
certainly will fill two deeps up with brood.  A super is generally just whatever 
equipment, be it deep, medium or shallow equipment, that is stacked on top of the 
brood chamber equipment.

I normally use the deep as the brood chamber and either one or two medimums on top 
of that.  As my older deep equipment wears out, I plan on replacing all my 
deep equipment and also shallow supers with all medium depth equipment for interchangeability

Take Care, Dave M.


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:28:52 EDT 1994
Article: 107 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Questions from a beginner
Message-ID: <CoGD7u.4Lt@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <2onnp0$4ic@news.u.washington.edu> <D> <CoFMAq.H2u@viewlogic.com>
Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 11:28:42 GMT
Lines: 25

>In article <2onnp0$4ic@news.u.washington.edu>, jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) writes:
>|> 3) Are there any organic approaches to disease control (Nosema, 
>|> Foulbrood, mites, etc.)?  I hate the idea of taking something as 
>|> beautiful and natural as honey and fouling it with chemicals.  Is there 
>|> something I can plant in my garden?  Some herb to cook in with the sugar 
>|> syrup?  Anyone doing research on this?
>
 USDA is doing final research on a control for both mites. This method
employs THYMOL and other plant extracts. THYMOL is a chemical, and not
"organic" in connotation, but USDA seems to be addressing your concern.

 USDA is also working on a control for AFB utilizing the fungus from
Chalkbrood. Will post info.

>|> The books I have seem to skip over these questions, so I'm hoping the 
>|> vast world of the net will be able to help.  Thanks in advance...

 _The Beekeeper's Handbook_, Sammataro, Diana, and Avitable, Alphonse,
1986, Macmillian, N.Y. ISBN:0-02-081410-0
-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:28:53 EDT 1994
Article: 108 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: How About a FAQ and List of Local Groups?
Message-ID: <CoGDC9.4nF@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <1994Apr14.165343.1@jaguar.uofs.edu> <2ol0kq$4r6@news.acns.nwu.edu> <1994Apr15.065635.1@jaguar.uofs.edu> <2osqfv$3tb@news.acns.nwu.edu>
Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 11:31:21 GMT
Lines: 10


 Try Lava.
Adam

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:28:55 EDT 1994
Article: 109 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: ARS NEWS --The "Yugo" Bee
Message-ID: <CoGF46.55H@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 12:09:42 GMT
Lines: 64


 
THREE BREEDERS SELECTED TO PROPAGATE MITE-RESISTANT QUEENS
 
     May 1993--Three honey bee breeders have been selected to
propagate new Yugoslavian bees that have resistance to two
damaging mites, the U.S. Department of Agriculture announced.
     The Yugoslavian bees, Apis mellifera carnica, are the
first insects that USDA's Agricultural Research Service has
ever released for breeding, said Thomas F. Rinderer, who heads
the agency's Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics and Physiology
Laboratory in Baton Rouge, La.
     The three companies will maintain the Yugoslavian bee
stock and sell breeder queens to queen producers, Rinderer
said.  The lab will send about 40 queens to each company--
Hybri-Bees, Inc. of LaBelle, Fla., Taber's Honey Bee Genetics
of Vacaville, Calif., and John Klapac & Co. of Frederick, Md. 
They were selected by a Stock Release Panel comprised of ARS
and industry representatives.
     Rinderer said the three will rear breeder queens that can
pass along resistance to varroa and tracheal mites.  "These
queens will be sold to queen breeders.  We've already had more
than 100 queen breeders express interest in buying them,"
Rinderer said.
     The Yugoslavian bees--designated ARS-Y-C-1--have been
under study since 1984 in a joint project between ARS
scientists and researchers in the former Yugoslavia.  The bees
were first quarantined in this country in 1989 and later
reared for field tests before being released to the three
breeders.
     The bees are twice as resistant to varroa mites as
susceptible domestic bees, but would still require some
chemicals to control severe outbreaks, Rinderer said.
     But the Yugoslavian bees are so resistant to tracheal
mites that chemical controls for that pest probably would not
be needed.  He estimated that the resistant stock could save
beekeepers $2 per colony in tracheal mite treatments.
     Domestic bees are susceptible to the two mites that have
caused extensive losses since they were discovered in the
United States in the mid-1980s, he added.  The mites are
considered a serious agricultural threat because bees
pollinate billions of dollars worth of crops each year as they
move among plants in search of nectar and pollen.
     Three chemicals are registered to control the mites: 
menthol and amitraz for tracheal mites, and fluvalinate for
varroa.  A fourth chemical, formic acid, is pending approval
for use against both mites.
     Queen breeders interested in buying breeder queens of the
new stock can contact the companies at the following
addresses:
     Hybri-Bees, Inc., 471 N. Lee Street, LaBelle, Fla.  33935;
Taber's Honey Bee Genetics, P.O. Box 1672, Vacaville, Calif. 
95696; and John Klapac & Co., 5016 Shookstown Road, Frederick,
Md.  21702.

 Sean Adams USDA Agricultural Research Service sadams@asrr.arsusda.gov

 Amitraz (Miticur) is no longer registered
-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:28:58 EDT 1994
Article: 110 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: ARS NEWS --New Control for AFB?
Message-ID: <CoGFF5.58z@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 12:16:17 GMT
Lines: 109



BEE FUNGUS LEADS TO NEW CONTROL FOR HONEY BEE DISEASES
 
Contact:  Dr. Hachiro Shimanuki, Bee Research Laboratory,
Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research
Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD, (301) 504-8205.
 
Dr. Hachiro Shimanuki never thought that one honey bee disease
would lead to a cure for another.  But that's what U.S.
Department of Agriculture scientists discovered by surprise
last year.
 
"It was serendipitous, to say the least," said Dr. Shimanuki
of USDA's Agricultural Research Service.  "We were looking for
a natural control for two serious bacterial diseases--and it
came from a fungus that causes another, less serious bee
disease."
 
The natural remedy--a substance found in some crops--is also
produced by the Ascosphaera apis fungus that causes honey bee
chalkbrood disease, which infects larvae inside the bee hive. 
The scientists are filing a patent application on the
discovery.
 
In laboratory tests, the substance inhibited the growth of the
two bacteria that cause European and American foulbrood
diseases, the scientists found.  They also said it poses no
harm to the bees and would not harm humans.
 
The surprise discovery didn't happen overnight, but only after
more than a decade of research on New Jersey honey bees showed
a curious trend in honey bee diseases.
 
>From the early 1960s to 1988, scientists at the agency's Bee
Research Laboratory in Beltsville were studying ways to
control European foulbrood in southern New Jersey.  The
disease was widespread in areas where honey bees were used to
pollinate blueberries and cranberries. 
 
During that time, Dr. Shimanuki said, researchers also
discovered an increase in chalkbrood, which by 1983 had become
widespread in southern New Jersey.
 
But samples of diseased bees analyzed at our lab showed that,
during 1980 to 1990, European foulbrood in bees from New
Jersey declined drastically and was hard to find by the late
1980s," he said.  "Meanwhile, chalkbrood remained constant in
bees from that region."
 
Further tests confirmed that the A. Apis fungus produced a
substance that inhibited both types of foulbrood.  ARS
entomologist Dr. Mark F. Feldlaufer, of the Insect
Neurobiology and Hormone Lab in Beltsville, later isolated and
purified the substance.  William R. Lusby, a chemist at that
lab, identified it.
 
"Both foulbrood diseases are found in all 50 states.  Both
infect honey bee larvae inside the hive and can kill the bees
if left unchecked," Dr. Shimanuki said.  The bacterium
Melissococcus pluton causes European foulbrood; Bacillus
larvae causes American foulbrood.
 
"American foulbrood is considered the biggest disease threat
to U.S. honey bees, causing an estimated $8 million in damage
each year," he said.  "Losses from European foulbrood and
chalkbrood are unknown.  In some states, regulations require
beekeepers to destroy colonies infected with the diseases."
 
 
Currently in the United States, only the antibiotic
oxytetracycline is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration for controlling European and American
foulbrood.  "We are concerned that these diseases could
eventually develop resistance to the antibiotic, so we need
new, natural biological controls,"  Dr. Shimanuki said.
 
The substance discovered by Shimanuki and colleagues could be
fed to bees either as part of a sugar-water syrup or could be
placed in hives in patties along with pollen and other feed
supplements.
 
"A new natural control for foulbrood diseases would help
ensure an adequate supply of honey bees for pollination of
important agricultural crops," he said.   Nationwide, the
value of honey bee pollination ranges from $1.6 to $5.7
billion a year, according to a recent study by State
University of New York (SUNY) researchers.
 
Each year, U.S. farmers rent about 1 million bee colonies each
year to pollinate a variety of crops such as almonds, apples,
alfalfa, apricots, oranges, grapefruits, melons, cucumbers,
asparagus and broccoli, according to USDA estimates. 
According to the SUNY study, about 400 agricultural crops
worldwide, including 130 in the United States, are pollinated,
at least partly, by honey bees.
 
The ARS research team includes Dr. Shimanuki, agency
entomologist David A. Knox of the bee lab, Dr. Feldlaufer and
Lusby.
 
May 1993                 --By Sean Adams, USDA-ARS, (301) 344-2723
                                     sadams@asrr.arsusda.gov
-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:29:00 EDT 1994
Article: 111 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: ARS NEWS --Misc.
Message-ID: <CoGFuL.5FE@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 12:25:32 GMT
Lines: 54


The following was taken from:
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
QUARTERLY REPORT OF SELECTED RESEARCH PROJECTS
JULY TO SEPTEMBER 1993
 
Dark-colored hives help protect bees against honeybee tracheal
mites.  That's because those nasty mites can't take the higher
temperatures inside the dark hives, which absorb more
sunlight.  In field and lab studies, a temperature of 102
degrees F didn't harm bees but killed the mites.  Tracheal
mites have caused the loss of 50,000 honey bee colonies each
year since 1988.  After a three-month study, researchers found
only one in 12 mite-infested colonies in dark hives still had
mites, while 10 of 12 colonies in white hives remained
infested.  Lab tests confirmed that exposure for 48 hours at
102 degrees F significantly cut populations of mite larvae and
eggs.  Scientists say the reason may be that when hive
temperatures rise, bees try to cool the hive by fanning their
wings.  This causes heat inside the bee to rise because of the
action of wing muscles located near the bee's breathing tubes,
where the mites live.  One recommendation from the study:  If
honeybees are being bred for tracheal mite resistance, they
should be kept in white hives or in the shade, so that heat
and other environmental effects do not mask genetic resistance
to the mites.




U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
QUARTERLY REPORT OF SELECTED RESEARCH PROJECTS
OCTOBER TO DECEMBER 1993
 
If crops could sport warmer flowers, bees and other insects
might spend more time pollinating them--resulting in higher
yields of fruits or seed grains.  That's the implication of
findings by ARS scientists who measured temperature
differences of up to 12 degrees F among some cocoa flowers. 
Pollinating bees were more active around warm flowers.  A
possible explanation is that those flowers may give off more
of the natural aromatic chemicals attractive to bees.  If the
floral heat differs among crop varieties, it may be possible
for plant breeders to select for the warmest trait when
developing new commercial crop varieties.
 
Sean Adams USDA Agricultural Reasearch Service Information Staff
sadams@asrr.arsusda.gov
-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!xanth.cs.odu.edu!ukma!news-feed-2.peachnet.edu!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!birdie-blue.cis.pitt.edu!dsinc!ub!acsu.buffalo.edu!rmr Tue Apr 26 22:29:04 EDT 1994
Article: 112 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rmr@acsu.buffalo.edu (Richard M. Romanowski)
Subject: Bee-keeping in Terry Pratchett books
Message-ID: <ConqxH.H17@acsu.buffalo.edu>
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	An open question:

1)	Are there any Terry Pratchett fans on this group?

2)	If so, did you start bee-keeping after reading T.P.'s
glowing, heroic descriptions of bee-keepers?

	
LVX
Rick


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Article: 113 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: a question
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In article <2p20phINNnch@umbc9.umbc.edu>, smith adam <asmith2@umbc.edu> wrote:
>This is the question i have always wanted to get into falconry but i have
>never really pursed the legal aspects of it. Is Falconry still allowed in 
>Maryland, i.e. can you still obtain licenses for the sport.  
>I would really appreciate any info people have.  Just incase you are wondering
>I would like to have either a Red-tail or a American Kestrel
>
>adam

  ...bees man, bees...
Adam
( :)  )

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:29:09 EDT 1994
Article: 114 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: African honey bees:How far North?
Message-ID: <CoGyDA.GAu@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
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From: Eunice Wonnacott <wonnacot@BUD.PEINET.PE.CA>
Subject:      Re: African Bee Range

        From time to time a family member who lives in Houston, Tx, sends
me clippings from the Houston Chronicle, and occasionally from USA Today.
>From this material I understand that Africanized bees were first found
in Texas in the Corpus Christi and Brownsville areas, three or four years
ago.  The northward spread is slow, but continuing.  It is anticipated
they will be at least as far north as San Antonio, Houston, etc, this
summer.  Also conditions are right for them to also be in New Mexico
and southern California this year.  There is a lot of anecdotal material
surrounding these bees.  If anyone is interested, perhaps the Houston
Chronicle could be persuaded to copy some of this material for the
network?  Or should I start looking up previous mail for anyone?
  I wonder if their progress is slow enough for them to adapt to the
conditions as they migrate.  There is also the possibility of crossing
with more winter hardy bees, or just "hitch-hiking" on an available
vehicle of some kind.  Nice thought!!!
Eunice W.  "From the Cradle of Confederation"
-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!noc.near.net!das-news.harvard.edu!husc-news.harvard.edu!husc.harvard.edu!husc8.harvard.edu!wseltzer Tue Apr 26 22:29:14 EDT 1994
Article: 115 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Keeping Bees in the City
Message-ID: <2p9i2n$6ln@scunix2.harvard.edu>
From: wseltzer@husc8.harvard.edu (Wendy Seltzer)
Date: 22 Apr 1994 22:11:35 GMT
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In article <carpenwa.5.0010138E@imd1.cbs.or.gov>,
William A Carpenter <carpenwa@imd1.cbs.or.gov> wrote:
>I have been reading about keeping bees for years, but never have had a good 
>location to have my own hives.  Reading this newsgroup is encouraging me to go 
>ahead and keep bees anyway.  I live in a small city in Oregon.  Does anyone 
>have any pointers on keeping bees in a residential area?  Thanks!

I have had a beehive in my backyard in a New York suburb for about 8 
years now and have never had any problems with neighbors.  (Though one 
woman swore for a while that the yellowjackets around her house came from 
my hive!  She was placated by a jar of honey, though.)  The hive was 
basically hidden from view from the street by a hemlock hedge, so many 
people didn't even notice it.  If you are close to neighbors, some sort 
of obstacle in front of the hive, as others have suggested to make the 
bees fly up quickly, is probably a good idea (we had a swingset for a 
while).

Wendy


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Article: 116 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ddtodd@ucdavis.edu (Daniel D. Todd)
Subject: Mead?
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Date: Fri, 22 Apr 1994 04:19:50 GMT
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Any mead makers out there?

I just got about 50 lbs. o' honey.  I have a small (6gal) batch of cranberry 
flavored mead (Pyment?)  And a homemade concoction of fruit ambrosia.  
It has oranges, oreange juice, apples, pears and grapes with about five pounds 
of straight honey, no other liquids.  The mead was innoculated about two weeks 
ago and is still going strong, the ambrosia was just innoculated this 
afternoon and has visible fermentation.

cheers,
Dan
=========================================================================
Dan Todd       ddtodd@ucdavis.edu           kc6uud@ke6lw.#nocal.ca.us.na  
Charter Member: Dummies for UNIX 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
When radios are outlawed, only outlaws will have radios 
- David R. Tucker on rec.radio.amateur.policy
==========================================================================


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Article: 117 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bokhorst@gatwick.sgp.slb.com (Karel Bokhorst)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Propolis?
Date: 22 Apr 1994 16:35:24 GMT
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In article Gq0@netcom.com, rah@netcom.com (Richard Hyde) writes:
>Karel Bokhorst (bokhorst@gatwick.sgp.slb.com) wrote:
>
>: It is well known that the kit (propolis) bees use to desinfect their
>: hives can also be used  for humans. It can cure/help to cure quite a few
>: common illnesses.
>
>This is news to me.  I thought that the promary purpose of propolis
>was to chink holes in the hive.  I suppose pine and other resins
>would have some antibacterial properties, but it seems a secondary
>function at best.
>
>I have heard anecdotal evidence that propolis has been used to
>cure arthritus, but then so has copper and silver bracelets.  YMMV.
>
I can assure you that it is a very good medicine for some deceases ( I
use it myself quite a lot)
Propolis is a natural antibiotic and therefore can help cure infections.
I once heard that bees, because of there use of propolis, are the only
animals who do not carry any bacteria around. This is very
sensible as they live with thousands very close together and an infection
would be disasterous.

If you want to experiment with the stuff , for example when you have
a sore throat or a cold, chew on a little piece of propolis for 
a while and you will see some result (hopefully) Mind you it taste
horrible, but you get used to it.

I know there has been a lot of research carried out in Eastern Europe
and Russia but my Russian is a bit rusty these days so i cannot
read the results. 

Cheers

Karel




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Article: 118 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: tdahms@vaxa.weeg.uiowa.edu
Subject: April 94 'BUZZ':Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
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Organization: U. of Iowa - Weeg Computing Center
Date: Fri, 22 Apr 1994 20:42:04 GMT
Lines: 374

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       -------------------------------------------------------------------
                    THE BUZZ                     APRIL, 1994
       -------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The  Iowa
       Department  of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member  of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural  Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are  welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa  Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies,  IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA MEMBERSHIP:  Membership dues in the Iowa Honey Producers Assn.
       are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       -------------------------------------------------------------------
       STATE APIARIST REPORT
            With the warm weather we have had in March,  the bees seem  to
       be  getting a strong start this Spring.   The more reports I  hear,
       the more encouraged I become about how the bees wintered this year. 
       I  would  guess  that the losses will average  between  25  and  30
       percent over the whole state, much better than last year.   Several
       beekeepers are reporting only a 5 percent loss.  
       To Do in the Beeyard:  
       SWARM  CONTROL - Because the colonies that survived are so full  of
       brood,  you  will need to split colonies,  equalize brood  or  make
       two-queen colonies to prevent swarming this Spring.   Reversing the
       two  hive  bodies when the top box fills up with brood,  honey  and
       bees will also help discourage swarming.
       FEEDING  -  It is also a good time to feed the bees a  light  sugar
       syrup  (1:1)  or honey so they don't starve.   Top  feeders,  frame
       feeders or frames of honey work well.  Adding Fumadil-B or Nosema-X
       to  sugar  syrup will control Nosema disease which can  retard  the
       build  up  of  colonies  in the spring.  I  would  like  to  really
       discourage open feeding, as this really spreads the parasitic mites
       around to all the neighboring colonies.  Reinfestation due to close
       contact  with mite-infested bees during open feeding  could  negate
       the effects of expensive mite treatments.
       DISEASE  &  MITE  CONTROL  - Be sure to  treat  all  colonies  with
       Terramycin  powder  or  grease  patties  to  prevent  a   foulbrood
       infection.   If you know that you have Varroa mites or if you don't
       want to check your bees for Varroa mites, please treat with Apistan
       strips.  Put these strips in as early as possible, so that the mite
       population  is knocked down before the first honey flows.   If  you
       need help checking for mites or foulbrood diseases,  call my office
       (515)  281-5736 to make an appointment for an inspection or send  a
       sample of suspect material.  Don't hesitate to call.
            Be  sure to get out to the beeyard and look inside the  hives. 
       This  is a great time of the year to work your bees.   The  weather
       can be pleasant and the bees are generally agreeable.  Get the bees
       ready  for  that good nectar flow we're going to have  starting  in
       June.
                               A HONEY OF A VERSE
                       "Pleasant words are as a honeycomb, 
                   Sweet to the soul and health to the bones."
                                (Proverbs 16:24)
       HONEY AVAILABLE IN DES MOINES AREA GROCERY STORES
       March 1 & 2, 1994

            The average price for a 12 ounce clover honey bear was  $1.40
       and ranged from $0.99 to $1.79 at 30 Des Moines area large grocery
       stores.   Busy  Bee was usually the lowest price and Sue  Bee  the
       highest, with the local beekeepers somewhere in between.  Only one
       store  did  not  have 12 ounce honey bears for  sale.  All  stores
       offered liquid honey for sale.
            Many  stores  were running a $0.99 special on  Sue  Bee's  12
       ounce cylinders and two stores had a $0.99 special on Sue Bee's 12
       ounce Bears.  The average price for a 16 ounce jar or plastic skep
       of  clover  honey was $1.82 and ranged from $1.39 to  $2.17.   The
       lowest prices on honey were store or generic brands of dark  honey
       in 24 or 32 ounce sizes.   Some of these larger jars of honey were
       partly crystallized.
            Specialty   honey  products  brought  the   highest   prices. 
       Melissa's  12  ounce  square section comb honey  sold  for  $4.49. 
       Imported  and domestic honey creme spreads in fancy 8  ounce  jars
       brought over $4.00 per pound.   Many stores carried Sue Bee's  and
       Busy  Bee's  creamed  honey  in a 16  ounce  tub.   One  brand  of
       honey-butter  and  cinnamon honey-butter in 7 1/2 ounce  tubs  was
       found  in  three  stores  but it looked as  though  it  was  being
       discontinued.
            Honey  identified  by floral source brought a  premium  price
       also.  Basswood honey in 8 ounce jars sold in two stores for $1.49
       and buckwheat honey for $1.99.  Tupelo honey in one-pound jars was
       priced at $3.09 and Orange blossom at $2.49.   Some darker colored
       honeys  were  labelled as "Wildflower"  and  usually  commanded  a
       higher price.
            Cut comb was only available in two of the stores.   One brand
       of  cut  comb  honey  was  solid  crystallized.    One  brand   of
       combination  comb honey/liquid honey from Georgia was offered  for
       sale.  This honey was partly crystallized.
            Only  twelve of thirty stores offered a local Iowa honey  for
       sale. Five Iowa beekeepers besides Sue Bee offered honey for sale. 
       In addition,  five honey packers from Wisconsin and one each  from
       Minnesota, Pennsylvania and Kansas offered honey for sale.
            Honey was located on the top shelf in all the stores but one. 
       In  that store the honey was on the bottom shelf.   The  width  of
       shelf space occupied by honey was between two and five feet.

       TED GRUENHAGEN PASSES AWAY
             Lifetime member of IHPA, Ted Gruenhagen of Davenport,  passed
       away  February 2,  1994.   He had been in a nursing home  for  four
       years, not being able to walk or talk after a stroke.  However,  he
       did  look  forward  to Mrs.  Gruenhagen bringing him  the  BUZZ  or
       anything to do with honey to read.
             Ted  was  a  real bee man for over 65  years.   Many  members
       remember  Ted from the State Fair and the Mississippi Valley  Fair. 
       We  will really miss Ted's leadership.   Our sympathy goes to  Mrs.
       Ted Gruenhagen and the rest of the family.

       Dear Fellow Beekeepers,
            The  warm up this past week really put me in the mood to  work
       bees.   We had to walk into a couple of yards but the exercise  was
       good for us,  I guess.   You sure find out in a hurry what  muscles
       you haven't used in the past few winter months.
            Out of 150 colonies we checked, we found 63 dead.   Those that
       winter killed had starved.  Some had honey on, but never got to it. 
       Others didn't have any honey left.   The colonies that were  alive,
       were for the most part very strong and were raising a lot of brood. 
       We made sure all had plenty of honey stores.  Hopefully these  will
       be  fine until we start feeding (which we will do by the  time  you
       receive this newsletter).  When we get these warm days, it's a good
       idea to check your colonies for feed.  From now on we lose colonies
       for lack of feed.    Honey is the best feed,  but you can also  use
       sugar water or high fructose corn syrup.  Bob Cox has the following
       recipe for hard candy to feed bees:
                            Hard Candy Feeder Boards
       Ingredients: 100 pounds sugar, 2 gallons water and 1 cup of honey.
       Instructions:  Boil water and honey, then add sugar gradually until
       all  is dissolved and boiling.   Boil until mixture is  about  half
       foam and boil another 5 minutes only.  Cooking time is about one to
       one and half hours with tank cooking on four gas burners.
       Yield:  5 candy boards (20 lbs.@ - about 2 inches thick).
                                   - Leroy Kellogg, IHPA President

       PROFILE OF IOWA BEEKEEPERS   
            Listed below is a break down of the beekeepers on our  mailing
       list for the BUZZ.  These figures are approximate and only give you
       a rough idea of the make up of Iowa beekeepers.

            Class                                     Number of beekeepers
       1.   Hobbyists                                         804
            (one to four and unknown number of colonies)
       2.   Small sideliner                                   289
            (5 - 99 colonies)
       3.   Large sideliner                                    56
            (100-499 colonies)
       4.   Small commercial                                   16
            (500-999)
       5.   Large commercial                                   20
            (1,000 or more colonies)                _____________
                                                    TOTAL    1185
                                          
       FOR SALE:  20-frame stainless extractor, 40 and 100 gal. stainless
       holding  tanks,  stainless  sump tank, gear sump  pump,  100  deep
       supers, 200 - 6 5/8" supers, 90 queen excluders, 100 2-gal. feeder
       pails,  stainless cappings melter, ca.  16 two-story colonies with
       bees, and other items too numerous to mention.
       SALE DATE:  May 15 at 1:00 p.m.   Dave Lambert,  8874 Metropolitan
       Heights, Dubuque, Iowa (319) 583-8958.

       FREE  PAINT:   Pick up at Metro Waste Authority Transfer  Station,
       4198 Delaware Ave. in Northeast Des Moines, 1:00 p.m. May 7th.
       1993 TRACHEAL MITE SURVEY
            Out  of  105 bee samples examined 70% were infested  with  the
       microscopic  tracheal mite.   Samples were either collected by  the
       beekeeper and sent to the office or collected by apiary  inspectors
       from  several colonies in an apiary.  Most of the samples had  less
       than  15  percent  of  the bees  infested  (71%  of  the  samples). 
       However,  29%  of the samples did have more than 15%  of  the  bees
       infested.   According  to  Department  of  Agriculture  rules,  any
       colonies with 15% or more bees infested with tracheal mites must be
       treated before sale or transport.
            Spring samples were more highly infested (16.0%) than  samples
       collected during the Summer (11.6%).   This could be due to  normal
       mite population decline relative to the increasing size of the  bee
       population or because Spring samples were sent to the office in  an
       attempt  to  determine  the cause of a  heavy  winterkill,  whereas
       Summer  samples were collected at random by apiary inspectors or  a
       combination of both.
            The  only  product  available for tracheal  mite  control  is
       menthol.   It is best to treat colonies in the spring,  right now. 
       Be  sure to remove any remaining menthol before adding  supers  to
       the colonies.
            Using  "grease patties"  in the hive continually,  year-round
       may  also  benefit  infested  colonies. When  supers  are  on  the
       colonies,  these  should not contain Terramycin  antibiotic,  only
       sugar and shortening.  The vegetable shortening is not intended to
       kill  the mites but does seem to help infested  colonies  tolerate
       the  mite  better than without it.  The short term use  of  grease
       patties  appears to be of little value for tracheal mite  infested
       colonies.

       IOWA HONEY PRODUCTION LOWEST SINCE 1982
            USDA/Ag.  Statistics reports a 49 pound per colony average  in
       1993, the lowest per colony yield since 1982.  Before 1982 you have
       to  go  back to 1948 for a per colony yield less  than  50  pounds. 
       Total production was 2,940,000 pounds from 60,000 colonies of  bees
       in  Iowa  in  1993.  These statistics are  based  on  a  survey  of
       beekeepers with five or more colonies.
            U.S.  honey production was 230 million pounds, up four percent
       from  1992.   There were 2.88 million colonies producing  honey  in
       1993,  compared  with  3.03  million in  1992.   Yield  per  colony
       averaged 80.1 pounds, up 7.3 pounds from the 72.8 pounds in 1992.
            Prices for the 1993 crop averaged 54.4 cents per pound, down 1
       percent  from the 1992 price of 55.0 cents per pound.   Prices  are
       based on retail sales by producers and sales to private packers and
       co-ops.  

       FOR SALE:   Complete bee operation - 100 two-story hives with bees
       plus  equipment  for  150  colonies.   Call  Bill  Eickholt  (712)
       225-5207.

       WANTED:  1 or 2 colonies of bees to pollinate a small apple orchard
       (1 acre) at 3880 NW 128th St. in Urbandale.  Contact Ross Peterson
                                 (515) 276-4995.
                               CALENDAR OF EVENTS
       APRIL
       19           Southeast Iowa Beekeepers Meeting at Sirloin  Stockade
                    in Mt. Pleasant.  Meal at 6:30 and program following.
       22-23        Queen Rearing Short Course,  University of  Minnesota,
                    St. Paul Campus, Call Dr. Spivak at (612) 624-2275.
       23           Central Iowa Beekeepers Auction 11:00 a.m. at
                    Kellogg's Honeyhouse in Cambridge, Iowa.
       MAY 7-8      Queen Rearing Short Course,  University of  Minnesota,
                    St. Paul Campus, Call Dr. Spivak at (612) 624-2275.
       JUNE         
       11           IHPA Board Mtg. 1:00 p.m. at Royal Cafe in Huxley.
       13           Eastcentral Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. in
                    Montgomery Hall, Johnson County Fairgrounds, Iowa City
       18           Central Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 6:30 p.m. at Royal
                    Cafe in Huxley.
       JULY
       23           IHPA/CIBA Summer Field Day at Riverside Church Camp,
                    Story City, Iowa.  Bee Laboratory from University of
                    Minnesota will present program on queen management.
       NOVEMBER     
       11-12        Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown.

       FOR SALE:  300 singles available in May $35.00; 1500 deeps, 200 - 6
       5/8"  supers,  a  1000-gal.  feed & storage tank &  stand,  50  new
       4-frame nuc  boxes,  500 shingle covers, 400 migratory covers & 400
       bottoms,  honey drums, deep boxes (shells), sugar mixer for 55-gal.
       drum,  1990 F-350 5-speed diesel truck w/8'x12'  flatbed,  18  h.p.
       electric boiler,  8'x16'  flatbed for a straight truck,  plus other
       misc.  Call John Onstank, Creston (515) 782-9522.

       AUCTION:   CIBA  Annual  Auction  April  Saturday  April  23rd   in
       Cambridge,  Iowa,  CONSIGNMENTS  so far are  Arvin  Foell:  several
       hundred deep frames, scraped, melted, and bundles in 10's, ca.  100
       entrance blocks, stainless holding tank & other items listed later. 
       Bob  Mitchell:  several 6 5/8 supers with 10 frames of  foundation,
       other items listed later.   Leroy Kellogg: ca.  150 - 6 5/8  supers
       with nine frames of drawn white comb.   John Onstank:  unsold items
       (see ad above).  Roger Smith: 100 deep boxes (shells), repaired and
       painted,  other misc.  Bill Van Roekel:  10-15 deep supers  with  9
       frames of drawn comb.   Tim Laughlin: 15 wooden pallets 42"  x  72"
       (will  fit between the wheel wells of a full size pickup).  Contact
       Margaret Hala for consignments.  1988 Vine Ave.,  Marshalltown,  IA
       50158  phone:  (515) 752-2981.   Consignments will be made  in  the
       order received.

       FOR SALE:   24-frame extractor, galvanized, electric powered $525. 
       Call Harry Hunter (515) 266-1984.
       FOR  SALE:   Bee hives,  singles and doubles  and  some  equipment. 
       Treated with Apistan, Menthol and Terramycin in 1993.   Mostly 1993
       queens.   Bottling business has grown and do not have time  to  run
       1,000 hives.  Most equipment in good to excellent condition.   Call
       (608) 568-7601 Days or (608) 748-4706 evenings.
                                                                                  
                                                                                    
                                                                                    
                            BEEKEEPING INFORMATION SHEETS
           (Individual sheets available upon request from State Apiarist)

        1.   Africanized Honey Bees
        2.   Agricultural Diversification & Beekeeping
        3.   American Foulbrood Disease / Terramycin recipes
        4.   Basic Beekeeping Equipment / H-Frame Hive Stand
        5.   Beehive Plans - Drawings & Measurements
        6.   Beekeeping in the City
        7.   Beekeeping Supply Dealers Address list
        8.   Beeswax Production & Uses
        9.   Differences Between the Mites
        10.  Disinfecting Diseased Equipment / Comparison of Bee Diseases
              Chart
        11.  Extracting and Bottling Honey
        12.  Feeding Bees - methods
        13.  Honey Bees and Beekeepers - Pollination
        14.  Honey Bee Pollination of Fruits and Vegetables in Iowa
        15.  Manufactured Food Products with Honey
        16.  Marketing - How to Create and Maintain Direct Markets
        17.  Observation Beehive Plans
        18.  Solar Wax Melter Plans
        19.  Spring Management
        20.  Summer Management
        21.  Tracheal Mite Control
        22.  Tracheal Mite Detection
        23.  Varroa Mites: Biology, Detection and Control
        24.  When Honey Bees Become Pests
        25.  Wintering Bees in Iowa
                                          
                        OTHER BEEKEEPING INFORMATION SOURCES

        BEEKEEPING BOOKS:

        ABC and XYZ of Bee Culture.  1974 Edition.  A.I.  Root Co.,  Medina,
        Ohio. 712 pp. 
        The Hive and the Honey Bee.  1992 Edition.  Dadant & Sons, Hamilton,
        Illinois. 1324 pp.
        The  Dancing Bees.  by Karl von Frish.   1953.  A Harvest/HJB  Book.
        Walter T. Kelley Co. Clarkson, Kentucky. 182 pp.
        500 Answers to Bee Questions. 1978. A.I. Root Co., Medina, Ohio. 
        96 pp.
        How  to  Keep  Bees and Sell Honey.  1983.  Walter  T.  Kelley  Co.,
        Clarkson, Kentucky. 148 pp.
        First  Lessons  in  Beekeeping.  1976.  Dadant  &  Sons,   Hamilton,
        Illinois.  127 pp.
        Beekeeping in the Midwest.  by Elbert Jaycox.  1976.  University  of
        Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Cooperative Extension Service. 168 pp.
        Hive Management by Richard E. Bonney.  1990.  Garden Way Publishing.
        Pownal, VT 05261.  152 pp.
        Bees and the Law by Murray Loring.  1981.  Dadant & Sons.  Available
        from Wicwas Press, PO Box 817-L, Cheshire, CT 06410-0817.  128 pp.
        Honey  Bee  Diseases  &  Pests.   1991.   Canadian  Association   of
        Professional   Apiculturists.   Dept.  of   Environmental   Biology,
        University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G2W1  16 pp.
        Insect Pollination of Cultivated Crops Plants.  1976. S.E. McGregor. 
        Agriculture Handbook No. 496.  Out of print.  411 pp.

        BEEKEEPING PERIODICALS:

        American  Bee  Journal.  Dadant & Sons.  Hamilton,  Illinois  62341. 
        (monthly)
        Bee Culture. (formerly Gleanings) A.I. Root Co. Medina, Ohio 44256.
        (monthly)
        The Speedy Bee. P.O. Box 1038, Jesup, Georgia 31545. (monthly)
        The Buzz.  Apiary Bureau, Iowa Dept. of Agriculture,  Wallace Bldg.,
        Des Moines, IA 50319. (monthly)
        Bee  World.  Internation Bee Research Association,   18 North  Road,
        Cardiff, CF1 3DY, UK.  (quarterly)
        Bee Science.  Wicwas Press. PO Box 817-L,  Cheshire,  CT 06410-0817.
        (quarterly)


        NHB COOKBOOKS ARE HERE
            The National Honey Board Cookbook Sweetened with Honey --  The
       Natural Way is now available for purchase.   The cookbook  contains
       over  100 delectable honey recipes plus  full-color,  mouthwatering
       photographs throughout!   The cookbook will be sold at  supermarket
       checkout  stands  throughout the country this month at  a  cost  of
       $2.95  each.   You can sweeten your honey sales with this  cookbook
       available from the Iowa Honey Producers or the National Honey Board
       for  $2.50,  including shipping.   To order a single  copy  of  the
       cookbook, send a check or money order for $2.50 to:

            Iowa Honey Producers Assn.           National Honey Board
            Gordon Powell, Treas.       OR       Dept. BK
            4012 - 54th St.                      P.O. Box 7760
            Des Moines, IA 50310                 Marshfield, WI 54449
            (515) 278-1762
       Call or write for prices for large quantities.

                                             HONEY CHICKEN

                            1 fryer chicken
                            3/4 cup Honey
                            1/4 c prepared mustard
                            1/2 tsp curry powder
                            1/2 tsp salt
                            Dash of soy sauce

                            Cut up fryer.   Mix ingredients and pour  over
                            chicken.  Bake uncovered for one hour  at  325
                            degrees.  Baste every 1/2 hour.


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uknet!ukc!eagle.ukc.ac.uk!mrw Tue Apr 26 22:29:24 EDT 1994
Article: 119 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mrw@ukc.ac.uk (M.R.Watkins)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: apprenticeships/opportunities in the UK?
Date: Sat, 23 Apr 94 11:53:09 GMT
Organization: University of Kent at Canterbury, UK.
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Sender: mrw@ukc.ac.uk
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Hello...

I'm very interested in getting into beekeeping (I know very little, but am
fascinated by the little I do know).  If anyone knows of anywhere I can 
learn the basics, or enter into an apprenticeship in the UK (or
Western Europe), please let me know.  I'm quite practically minded, despite
being trained as a mathematician :) .

Thanks
mrw


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Article: 120 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: spbcnsp@ucl.ac.uk (Mr Neville Steven Percy)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: History of Beekeeping
Date: 21 Apr 1994 18:50:51 -0500
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I was most surprised to see a beekeeping list come up in my Newsreader...
Excellent!  I am not actually a beekeeper myself -- my father is a beekeeper
and I am a pretend Anglo-Saxon, and we have this little agreement about 
mead...     (:>

As an Anglo-Saxon peasant, I am our society's authority on period beekeeping,
and am always keen to learn more...  this represents another avenue of enquiry,
and if it's a new list, I'm pleased to show my interest by contributing.
  
                                                    |  | 
                                                    |i |    
                                                    | ||O|/~
                                                    '__"``   
                                                       ~~--         
                                                   Nev Percy ; spbcnsp@ucl.ac.uk                


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Article: 121 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca (Phil Veldhuis)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Keeping Bees in the City
Date: 21 Apr 1994 23:15:40 GMT
Organization: University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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NNTP-Posting-Host: ccu.umanitoba.ca


Well, if your really want to know if it is ok to keep bees in your
neighborhood, phone up the local council/gov or whatever, and say:
"My Neighbor has Bees, what can I do to make him/her get rid of them"

If the answer is:  "nothing" then go to it.

If the anser is: "only if they sting you or something then take the right
precautions.

When I was in europe, I saw lots of urban beekeepers who keep hives
illegally in the city by keeping the hives in small garden sheds or
garages and the bottomboard had an entrance that lead to a hole in the wall.

Like this:				wall		
					|
				______	|
				|    |	|	
				|    |	|
				|____|=====tube to entrance	
				hive	|		
					|	

  
I think they had openings in windows or something to let out bees who
escaped while the hive was open (to put supers on etc).  A hole under the
eve should do the trick. 

This also protects your hives from vandalism.


In general, out of sight out of mind.

Good luck to you!
-- 
------------oooooooooooooooOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOooooooooooooo-------------
Phil Veldhuis           |  "if something is not worth doing, 
Winnipeg. MB, Canada    |  it is not worth doing right"
veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca |                     Dave Barry (1985)


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Article: 122 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: NEED INFO/FAQ for BEEKEEPING
Date: 21 Apr 1994 15:13:44 GMT
Organization: Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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NNTP-Posting-Host: boogie.east.sun.com


>My site just started carrying this group, so I don't know if it is new
>or what, but I'm interested in keeping bees in the SE Wyoming area.
>I've never kept bees before, so if someone could send me the FAQ or any
>relevent information I would greatly appreciate it.

>Thank you.
>-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
>        Rich (rspillan@.gmu.edu) aka-"The Easyrider of Internet" 
>-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-


Hi, I am glad to hear that you are going to take up beekeeping.  The best way to 
get started is to contact your local ag extension agent and find out what local 
beekeeping associations are in your area.    You can also suscribe to American 
Bee Journal (Hamilton, Illinois 217-847-3324  - i.e. Dadant who also has a bee 
supply catalog, ) or Bee Culture (A. I. Root Medina, OH  216-725-6677), read the articles and advertisements and fan out from there.


Rgds, Dave MacFawn


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Article: 123 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Keeping Bees in the City
Date: 21 Apr 1994 17:50:49 GMT
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>I have been reading about keeping bees for years, but never have had a good 
>location to have my own hives.  Reading this newsgroup is encouraging me to go 
>ahead and keep bees anyway.  I live in a small city in Oregon.  Does anyone 
>have any pointers on keeping bees in a residential area?  Thanks!



Several things come to mind with the most important two being locating the hives 
such that the bees flight path to & from the hive does not pose a problem 
with sidewalks, neighbor's yard, etc.  If it does or you have a small lot, you 
may want to consider a fence / hedge in front of  / around the hive(s) to make 
the bees fly up.  

Also, you need to make sure that the bees have a water source close to the 
hive...bees will go to the closest water source, even if it your neighbor's pool 
so you want to make sure you have a water source close by...one that is shallow 
or set-up such that the bees will not drown.

I would recommend contacting your local beekeeping orginazation to see how some 
of the other beekeepers are handling bees in the city. If you don't know who 
they are, contact the local ag extension agent or the state department of 
agriculture.  Some cities/towns have ordinances on keeping bees in the city, so 
you may want to call down to city hall.  

Rgds, Dave MacFawn


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Article: 124 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david@boogie.East.Sun.COM (David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Propolis?
Date: 21 Apr 1994 17:55:32 GMT
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Karel Bokhorst (bokhorst@gatwick.sgp.slb.com) wrote:

: It is well known that the kit (propolis) bees use to desinfect their
: hives can also be used  for humans. It can cure/help to cure quite a few
: common illnesses.


>From rah@netcom.com (Richard Hyde) wrote: 
This is news to me.  I thought that the promary purpose of propolis
was to chink holes in the hive.  I suppose pine and other resins
would have some antibacterial properties, but it seems a secondary
function at best.

I have heard anecdotal evidence that propolis has been used to
cure arthritus, but then so has copper and silver bracelets.  YMMV.

Does anyone know if Kibo keeps bees?  :-)



Actually, I have heard of propolis having medicinal purposes, exactly what I have never followed up on.  Behive Botanicals produces a line of products based on propolis...you can sell them your propolis.


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From: veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca (Phil Veldhuis)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Propolis?
Date: 23 Apr 1994 14:35:46 GMT
Organization: University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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In article <2p8ucc$b6v@gorgon.gatwick.sgp.slb.com> bokhorst@gatwick.sgp.slb.com writes:

[discussion of Propolis deleted]

>I can assure you that it is a very good medicine for some deceases ( I
>use it myself quite a lot)
>Propolis is a natural antibiotic and therefore can help cure infections.
>I once heard that bees, because of there use of propolis, are the only
>animals who do not carry any bacteria around. 

Hold on a minute!  Isn't AFB a bacteria infection?  [checking]  Yep!

"The disease organism is a bacterium, Bacillus larvae.  Infection occurs in
the young larvae when they are fed contaminated food" (Vickery, The Honey
Bee: a guide for beekeepers, Particle press, 1991)

Sorry to burst your bubble.


This is very
>sensible as they live with thousands very close together and an infection
>would be disasterous.

Granted, AFB is disasterous

>If you want to experiment with the stuff , for example when you have
>a sore throat or a cold, chew on a little piece of propolis for 
>a while and you will see some result (hopefully) Mind you it taste
>horrible, but you get used to it.

I get the same results with leeches, only they taste horrible.  :)


Well, seriously now, I know that we sold a bunch of scrapings (mostly
propolis) to a pharmacuticles company for research purposes a few years
ago.  Haven't heard anything about it though, so I assume they are either
still testing it, or didn't find anything worthwhile.

Anybody know anything about the medicinal value of "extracts" of hive
products, rather than the pure thing?

PHil.

-- 
------------oooooooooooooooOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOooooooooooooo-------------
Phil Veldhuis           |  "if something is not worth doing, 
Winnipeg. MB, Canada    |  it is not worth doing right"
veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca |                     Dave Barry (1985)


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Article: 126 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bobpursley@aol.com (BobPursley)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Keeping bees in the city
Date: 21 Apr 1994 17:36:02 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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William Carpenter writes
>I have been reading about keeping bees for years, but never have had a good 
>location to have my own hives.  Reading this newsgroup is encouraging me >to
go 
>ahead and keep bees anyway.  I live in a small city in Oregon.  Does anyone 
>have any pointers on keeping bees in a residential area?  Thanks!

Having been in the military for years, and living many places, I have the
following good neighbor pointers.
1.  Keep the bees flying up, put a fence high fence within a meter in front of
the hives, it forces the bees up and out of sight.
2.


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Article: 127 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Poplar
Message-ID: <CoJ6CD.I9s@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
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Date: Tue, 19 Apr 1994 23:53:01 GMT
Lines: 10

 On the subject of supering w/foundation, it works wonders to alternate a
drawn comb with foundation. The bees really draw out the foundation this
way.
Adam
-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


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Article: 128 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee-keeping in Terry Pratchett books
Date: 22 Apr 94 08:01:53 EST
Organization: University of Scranton
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References: <ConqxH.H17@acsu.buffalo.edu>
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In article <ConqxH.H17@acsu.buffalo.edu>, rmr@acsu.buffalo.edu (Richard M. Romanowski) writes:
> 	An open question:
> 1)	Are there any Terry Pratchett fans on this group?
> 2)	If so, did you start bee-keeping after reading T.P.'s
> glowing, heroic descriptions of bee-keepers?

	Ummm...who's Terry Pratchett? 

(i'd have to say no for me to both questions...)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Dave D. Cawley		   |	Where a social revolution is pending and,
University Of Scranton	   |	for whatever reason, is not accomplished,
ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu	   |	reaction is the alternative.
ddc1@SCRANTON		   |				-Daniel De Leon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!udel!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!sdd.hp.com!saimiri.primate.wisc.edu!news.doit.wisc.edu!post.its.mcw.edu!not-for-mail Tue Apr 26 22:29:46 EDT 1994
Article: 129 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: aherlihy@post.its.mcw.edu (Amy Herlihy)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: old hives
Date: 22 Apr 1994 08:56:34 -0500
Organization: Medical College of Wisconsin; Milwaukee Wisconsin
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I am a beginner bee keeper, and lost my only hive to the winter of 1993.
I packed up the hive (after cleaning out as many of the dead bees as I
could) and stored it in my garage/basement for the past year.  I ordered
bees (3lb) for this spring. They should arrive in the next few weeks.
I was wondering if I can put any of that old saved comb (and by now
possibly fermented honey) on this new hive.


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!uunet!tezcat.com!tezcat.com!not-for-mail Tue Apr 26 22:29:47 EDT 1994
Article: 130 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: root@tezcat.com (Charles E. MacMillan)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mead?
Date: 23 Apr 1994 21:01:31 -0500
Organization: TEZCAT.COM, Chicago.
Lines: 41
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References: <ddtodd.38.0014553C@ucdavis.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: xochi.tezcat.com

In article <ddtodd.38.0014553C@ucdavis.edu>,
Daniel D. Todd <ddtodd@ucdavis.edu> wrote:
>Any mead makers out there?
>
>I just got about 50 lbs. o' honey.  I have a small (6gal) batch of cranberry 
>flavored mead (Pyment?)  And a homemade concoction of fruit ambrosia.  
>It has oranges, oreange juice, apples, pears and grapes with about five pounds 
>of straight honey, no other liquids.  The mead was innoculated about two weeks 
>ago and is still going strong, the ambrosia was just innoculated this 
>afternoon and has visible fermentation.
>
>cheers,
>Dan



 A roomate and I made several batches a year or two ago, and I have been 
looking forward to doing so again.

 I recently recieved the last bottle of all of the batches by mail, after 
it had set in bottle for over a year. The taste was incomparable, rather 
reminiscent of a very fine champagne.

 We did not really know what we were doing when we started, but 
experimented with both heavier and frutier honeys. I believe that the 
makeup of the bottle I received was 50/50 of wildflower and clover. Most 
of the "grain" honeys developed an unpleasant odor.

 Then again we could have been doing something wrong with them, either 
yeast-wise or in the selection and pre-treatment of the honeys.

 Sorry if this might be viewed as a little off-track for the group. Maybe 
there is cause for a mailing list :-)

 Regards,


-- 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ilixi@xochi.tezcat.com|info@xochi.tezcat.com|vox 312-8500181|data 312-8500112
------------------------------------------------------------------------------


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!news.acns.nwu.edu!merle.acns.nwu.edu!pccheng Tue Apr 26 22:29:49 EDT 1994
Article: 131 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Pasteurized honey...
Date: 24 Apr 1994 03:35:14 GMT
Organization: Northwestern University, Evanston IL
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NNTP-Posting-Host: unseen3.acns.nwu.edu

Hello again,

My colleagues at UC Davis did their honey survey again this year and found
much of the people surveyed to prefer unprocessed "natural" honey from
the same floral source.  Does anyone know how honey from the supermarket is
processed?

Thanks,
Paul
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu)
Northwestern University Medical School, MSTP-1
Ward Bldg. Box 213
Chicago, IL 60611


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!uunet!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:29:51 EDT 1994
Article: 132 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: How do I reduce an over abundant hive?
Message-ID: <CoLCAC.H19@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <2p3skd$f48@sixgun.east.sun.com>
Date: Thu, 21 Apr 1994 03:56:35 GMT
Lines: 9

I enjoyed reading your articles too!
Adam

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!gumby!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!panix!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!gatech!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!bootstrap.unity.ncsu.edu!wbm Tue Apr 26 22:29:53 EDT 1994
Article: 133 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: wbm@unity.ncsu.edu (william b morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Address for BEE-L ????
Date: 22 Apr 1994 17:29:02 GMT
Organization: North Carolina State University
Lines: 15
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NNTP-Posting-Host: bootstrap.unity.ncsu.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

  Could someone give me the listserv address for the BEE-L and any other
bee related mailing lists ?

Thanks,

Bill

-------------------------------------------------------------
William B. Morris (The Biker Poet)  | William B. Morris                  
Computing Center                    | P. O. Box 5163                         
Box 7109                            | Raleigh,N.C. 27650-5163
North Carolina State University     | 
Raleigh,N.C. 27695-7109             |
wbm@unity.ncsu.edu                  |
-------------------------------------------------------------


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!crcnis1.unl.edu!moe.ksu.ksu.edu!matt.ksu.ksu.edu!not-for-mail Tue Apr 26 22:29:55 EDT 1994
Article: 134 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: lver@matt.ksu.ksu.edu (Lloyd Paul Verhage)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Newbie help
Date: 22 Apr 1994 13:28:45 -0500
Organization: Kansas State University
Lines: 5
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NNTP-Posting-Host: matt.ksu.ksu.edu

I'm not a beekeeper yet, but would be interested.
Can anyone recommend any intro books?
Out of curiousity, what do you wish you had known
before you started?
Finally, stings!!!!  How often and bad.


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!uwm.edu!csd4.csd.uwm.edu!callan Tue Apr 26 22:29:57 EDT 1994
Article: 135 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: callan@csd4.csd.uwm.edu (Joel E Callan)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Pasteurized honey...
Date: 24 Apr 1994 13:24:41 GMT
Organization: University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee
Lines: 30
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NNTP-Posting-Host: 129.89.7.4
Originator: callan@csd4.csd.uwm.edu

>From article <2pcpdi$28h@news.acns.nwu.edu>, by pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng):
> Hello again,
> 
> My colleagues at UC Davis did their honey survey again this year and found
> much of the people surveyed to prefer unprocessed "natural" honey from
> the same floral source.  Does anyone know how honey from the supermarket is
> processed?
> 
My gradfather was a beekeeper who occasionally sold his honey to
"processing" plant (local). The plant would combine honey of similar quality
(based on color, source of pollen and flavor). The marketed honey was not
labeled differently (most likely due to costs involved, among other things).
The result of the above was that you could pick honey by color (a good
indicator of source of pollen, but not reliable). Seems that most consumers
prefer a golden honey color (if you look at various lots of honey you will
see variations in color). 

Note to sources of pollen affecting flavor: There is no way to certify that
the honey is entirely based on one souce of pollen (though bees will seek
out one good source of pollen over another available source during times of
abundent pollen). All honey is actually a mixture of pollens collected by
the hives. Beekeepers just locate the supers in areas where they have some
control over the sources of pollen readily available (i.e. farmlands,
orchards, where crops dictate predominant available sources of pollen).

-- 
  /`-_  			e-mail: 
 {     }/ Joel E Callan             callan@csd4.csd.uwm.edu
  \   ./  2909 N. 44th Street       callan@convex.csd.uwm.edu
   |___|  Milwaukee, WI  53210      callan@alpha1.csd.uwm.edu


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!swrinde!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!decwrl!netcomsv!netcom.com!bobbyr Tue Apr 26 22:29:58 EDT 1994
Article: 136 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bobbyr@netcom.com (Bobby Richardson)
Subject: Re: Killer bees
Message-ID: <bobbyrCorMu4.3B9@netcom.com>
Organization: Atlanta, GA
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]
References: <140122Z19041994@anon.penet.fi>
Date: Sun, 24 Apr 1994 13:30:04 GMT
Lines: 19

an60222@anon.penet.fi wrote:

: Hi all.

: I don't hear a news on Killer bees lately.

: Are they not a threat it used to be thought?

: -------------------------------------------------------------------------
: To find out more about the anon service, send mail to help@anon.penet.fi.
: Due to the double-blind, any mail replies to this message will be anonymized,
: and an anonymous id will be allocated automatically. You have been warned.
: Please report any problems, inappropriate use etc. to admin@anon.penet.fi.
 
They are not such a threat as to require one to post anonomously!
-- 
                                            Bobby Richardson
                                            Atlanta, GA.



From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!bnrgate!bnr.co.uk!pipex!howland.reston.ans.net!cs.utexas.edu!csc.ti.com!tilde.csc.ti.com!cauldron!epcot!drogers Tue Apr 26 22:30:00 EDT 1994
Article: 137 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: drogers@epcot.spdc.ti.com (Daty Rogers)
Subject: Re: Bee Tree
Message-ID: <Coo29n.M01@spdc.ti.com>
Sender: usenet@spdc.ti.com
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Organization: TI Semiconductor Process and Design Center
References: <2oks9l$a6j@news.umbc.edu> <2ou8lg$950@sixgun.East.Sun.COM> <2ouet0$qcv@news.u.washington.edu>
Date: Fri, 22 Apr 1994 15:12:59 GMT
Lines: 11

I used to visit a bee tree with my grandfather back in the mid 60's. It was
in Dallas Tx alongside Arapaho Rd. just west of Hillcrest. I belive there 
are apartment/condos there now. It was on the way to his house, we'ed stop
by and admire it, we did take some honey occasionaly(he just reached in and
grabbed some comb). It got bulldozed down d8^(. I still think about it when
I go by there.

 Daty Rogers              1905 to 1974, when cars had class,      __o
 drogers@spdc.ti.com       NOT computers!                        -\<,
 (214)995-9633           ___________three 67 Barracuda's_______(*)/(*)



From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!bnrgate!nott!torn!howland.reston.ans.net!cs.utexas.edu!uunet!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:30:06 EDT 1994
Article: 138 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Beekeeping software
Message-ID: <CoJB7r.KLs@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <2p12nh$blg@sixgun.east.sun.com>
Date: Wed, 20 Apr 1994 01:38:15 GMT
Lines: 154



Two answers to your question: Bidata and Bibba

1. BIDATA:

written by my Danish Beenet colleague Jorn Johanesson for the danish beekeep. ass., regularly updated, more a database then a spreadsheet, but with ample evaluation possibilities. Available in several languages incl. english. I quote from the manual:

---------------------


01/04/1993.



1.   DEMO program:
ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
Free program to get acquainted with Bidata.

Works full blown( for 9999 colonies) for 90 days, then it closes down to
10 colonies.
The following items will be disconnected in the configurations menu:

* Beekeeperidentification (EDBi)

* Lay down rules of calculation factors
* Communication and modem
* New start of the Bee Work Year
* Change Language

And the following will be disconnected in the Utility menu :


* Editor/Word processing
* Import of a friends datafile
* EXport of data
* Shell to DOS
* Calling the Main Database
* Pack the datafile to the Main database
* Unpack the datafile from Main database
* Order data from the Main database
* Dumb Terminal Program


This means that all what is needed for maintenance of
10 colonies is still there.

All hivenotes  can be retrieved AFTER closing down and only the number of
families to enter hivenotes for, is set down to 10.

No support is given, and the program will close down totally  01/01/1995; by
then there will be a new demo to get hold of.( I hope :-)




Please contact :

EDBi
Peder Kjaersgaard
Rimmersvej 20, Gl.Rye
Dk-8680 Rye
-----------
Denmark
Phone +45 86 89 86 42


about the 'MAIN DATABASE':
ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
In Danmark there is a database with information on strains of bees, where
users of BIDATA can exchange their data concerning their own queens. The
purpose of this, is to create  the possibility of locating a strain of bees
with special properties. This can be very important for bee breeders, who
want to incorporate those properties in their bees. Via the database they
can contact a colleague who has a queen with the desired properties. This
can lead to a fertile exchange of breeding material throughout the country.
Inside Bidata this database is referred to as 'main database'
( hoveddatabase, hoofd database ). It can be contacted via the communication
section of Bidata. Naturally, you also need a modem and a telephone connec-
tion for this. AND  you have to live in Danmark. So far, a Main database has
been  implemented in no other country. Its up to you and other users of Bidata
in your country to take care of this.

Please have fun.

Regards, Jorn Johanesson. Denmark.

-------------------------------------

2. BIBBA

   British Isles Bee Breeders Ass. gave following description in their newsletter last year:

----------------------------
Computers in Bee Breeding

Many beekeepers have computers, and some have applied them to their
craft of beekeeping. If you have done so, then maybe your methods
may be of interest to others, why not let us know.

The production of forms for record keeping and the storing of records
on disk are obvious uses, and I have a programme  called FORM which
I use for these purposes. As it is "Shareware", I can send copies
to those interested together with the formats of forms I have designed
for use with the programme.



I have another programme called AS-EASY-AS, also "Shareware", which
will handle data for morphometry, giving print-outs of data and graphs
based on the data.  An example of the graphs produced by this programme
is on page 4.

Both these programmes are only suitable for IBM compatible computers,
with three and a half inch, or five and a quarter inch disks. Send
a disk formatted on your computer, packed between two pieces of cardboard,
with a stamped addressed envelope with your name and address to me
at:- 11 Thomson Drive, Codnor, Ripley, Derbyshire. DE5 9RU.

I have a more sophisticated version for producing data and graphs,
this is a spreadsheet called "Excel for Windows", however this is
not "Shareware", therefore I cannot send copies out but if anyone
has this programme I can supply a file which has the format set up
to produce graphs like those shown at the bottom of page 4.

-------------------

Sorry the name of the author is missing,but you could try anyway( please refer to me and Steve Turner, our Beenet man in Britain' )


best regards, Hugo

                                Hugo Veerkamp
   ####################################################################
   |                          BEENET INTERNATIONAL                    |
   | E-mail :                              | mail : the Bee bbs       |
   | Hugo.Veerkamp@f28.n2801.z2.fidonet.org|        P.O. BOX 51008    |
   |      ( or press reply button)         |        1007EA AMSTERDAM  |
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   ####################################################################
--  
uucp: uunet!m2xenix!puddle!2!2801!28!Hugo.Veerkamp
Internet: Hugo.Veerkamp@f28.n2801.z2.fidonet.org

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!arco!convex!convex!cs.utexas.edu!bcm!aio!usenet Tue Apr 26 22:30:09 EDT 1994
Article: 139 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dlewis%jscdo6@jesnic.jsc.nasa.gov
Subject: Re: Address for BEE-L/FTP sites
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Message-ID: <1994Apr22.193703.9256@aio.jsc.nasa.gov>
Sender: usenet@aio.jsc.nasa.gov (USENET News Client)
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References: <2p91gu$qo0@taco.cc.ncsu.edu> 
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Fri, 22 Apr 94 14:25:19 PDT
Lines: 69


> From: wbm@unity.ncsu.edu (william b morris)
>   Could someone give me the listserv address for the BEE-L and any other
> bee related mailing lists ?

Found this on the net--I haven't tried it. My work is a little fussy about 
non-work related e-mail :-(

The beekeeping listserv mailing-list bee-l. (BEE-L)
To subscribe or unsubscribe to bee-l: 
	send e-mail to: listserve@uacsc2.albany.edu

	To subscribe: in text of message type: SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <your name>
	To unsubscribe: in text of message type: UNSUBSCRIBE (or UNSUB)

submit articles to: bee-l@uacsc2.albany.edu


Since the creation of this group, I have learned quite a bit. At least now I 
can post something of use here (a little give for all the take). I surfed the 
net via archie using these key words: beekeep, bee-culture (nothing here), and 
apis. I've summarized the results here: (btw, the 4H archive at ucdavis was 
particularly helpful for me. It's a beginner's guide and I definitely am that. 
I'm moving back to Ohio this summer and know an apple orchard that I may go beg 
to let me put hives there next year.)

*******************************************************************************
Host calypso-2.oit.unc.edu    (198.86.40.81)
Last updated 11:28 19 Apr 1994

Location: /pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping
      FILE    -rw-r--r--     308 bytes  04:07  6 Mar 1994                      
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Location: 
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      FILE    -rw-r--r--   14464 bytes  23:00 25 May 1993  apis-1-93
 	<etc.>

Location:/pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/
          discussion-groups/mailing-lists/1993-1994
      FILE    -rw-r--r--   83131 bytes  18:00  3 Mar 1994  apis

*************
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Last updated 10:32 19 Apr 1994

    Location: /pub/extension/4h-youth/bee-keeping
      <many files that encompass a 4H program on beekeeping. In PostScript or 
	self-extracting WordPerfect 5.1>

*************
Host nigel.msen.com    (148.59.1.8)
Last updated 20:50  9 Apr 1994

Location: /pub/newsletters/Bio/apis
      FILE    -rw-rw-r--     258 bytes  00:29  7 Jan 1994  apis-README
      FILE    -rw-rw-r--   11962 bytes  23:00  3 Oct 1992  apis-v10n06
	<etc.>

*************
Host ftp.cic.net    (192.131.22.5)
Last updated 14:30 22 Jan 1994

Location: /pub/nircomm/gopher/e-serials/alphabetic/a/apis
      FILE    -rw-rw-r--    6821 bytes  00:00 16 Feb 1993  apis-1-93.gz
	<etc.>




From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!arco!convex!convex!cs.utexas.edu!bcm!aio!usenet Tue Apr 26 22:30:12 EDT 1994
Article: 140 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!arco!convex!convex!cs.utexas.edu!bcm!aio!usenet
From: dlewis%jscdo6@jesnic.jsc.nasa.gov
Subject: Re: Address for BEE-L ???? 
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Message-ID: <1994Apr22.194739.10395@aio.jsc.nasa.gov>
Sender: usenet@aio.jsc.nasa.gov (USENET News Client)
Organization: nasa-jsc
References: <2p91gu$qo0@taco.cc.ncsu.edu> 
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Fri, 22 Apr 94 14:41:39 PDT
Lines: 68


> From: wbm@unity.ncsu.edu (william b morris)
>   Could someone give me the listserv address for the BEE-L and any other
> bee related mailing lists ?

I found this on the net--haven't tried it, though. Some people are a little 
fussy about non-work related e-mail :-(

The beekeeping listserv mailing-list bee-l. (BEE-L)
To subscribe or unsubscribe to bee-l: 
	send e-mail to: listserve@uacsc2.albany.edu

	To subscribe: in text of message type: SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <your name>
	To unsubscribe: in text of message type: UNSUBSCRIBE (or UNSUB)

submit articles to: bee-l@uacsc2.albany.edu

I also did an archie search using the keywords "beekeep", "bee-culture" (nada 
here), and "apis". I condensed the results below. (FWIW, I found the 4H 
archives to be extremely helpful for the beginner (which I am). I'm moving 
back to Ohio this summer and there is an apple orchard that I may go beg to let 
me put a hive or two there.:)

******************************************************************************

Host calypso-2.oit.unc.edu    (198.86.40.81)
Last updated 11:28 19 Apr 1994

Location: /pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping
      FILE    -rw-r--r--     308 bytes  04:07  6 Mar 1994  
                                                   beekeeping.mailing-list

Location: 
/pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping/newsletters/apis
      FILE    -rw-r--r--   14464 bytes  23:00 25 May 1993  apis-1-93
 	<etc.>

Location: /pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/
          discussion-groups/mailing-lists/1993-1994
      FILE    -rw-r--r--   83131 bytes  18:00  3 Mar 1994  apis

*************
Host ftp.ucdavis.edu    (128.120.8.149)
Last updated 10:32 19 Apr 1994

    Location: /pub/extension/4h-youth/bee-keeping
      <many files that encompass a 4H program on beekeeping. In PostScript or 
	self-extracting WordPerfect 5.1>

*************
Host nigel.msen.com    (148.59.1.8)
Last updated 20:50  9 Apr 1994

Location: /pub/newsletters/Bio/apis
      FILE    -rw-rw-r--     258 bytes  00:29  7 Jan 1994  apis-README
      FILE    -rw-rw-r--   11962 bytes  23:00  3 Oct 1992  apis-v10n06
	<etc.>

*************
Host ftp.cic.net    (192.131.22.5)
Last updated 14:30 22 Jan 1994

Location: /pub/nircomm/gopher/e-serials/alphabetic/a/apis
      FILE    -rw-rw-r--    6821 bytes  00:00 16 Feb 1993  apis-1-93.gz
	<etc.>





From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:30:16 EDT 1994
Article: 141 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: How do I reduce an over abundant hive?
Message-ID: <CoLs6v.61G@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <2p3skd$f48@sixgun.east.sun.com>
Date: Thu, 21 Apr 1994 09:40:06 GMT
Lines: 22

In article <2p3skd$f48@sixgun.east.sun.com>,
David MacFawn - Sun NC Development Center <david@boogie.East.Sun.COM> wrote:
>
A series of articles by 
>a deceased 
>bee research by the name Farr sp? was published in the
American Bee Journal (ABJ) 
>last year.  

    The articles are called: _Productive Managemeny of Honey-Bee Colonies_
  By C.L. Farrar

(meant this to go in last post--sorry)

Adam

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!xanth.cs.odu.edu!saimiri.primate.wisc.edu!caen!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:30:22 EDT 1994
Article: 142 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!xanth.cs.odu.edu!saimiri.primate.wisc.edu!caen!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: NEED INFO/FAQ for BEEKEEPING
Message-ID: <Coq5Dp.G3A@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <2p6578$hbp@sixgun.east.sun.com>
Date: Sat, 23 Apr 1994 18:15:24 GMT
Lines: 32

 Ok folks, its FAQ time. Lets get this FAQ rolling. 
Starting in beekeeping

Beekeeping resources
a internet
b books
Honey production

Pollination
Pollen Production
Queen Rearing
Bee Biology
Bee Pests
a diseases
b Mites
African Bees
Apicultural lore
Apitherapy
etc
etc 
etc
 I'll be glad to receive any input or suggestions on FAQ material.
Lets shoot for 5/94 as a date for the first FAQ. 
Send me anything you think should be on the FAQ and I'll write it up.
Adam

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!news.kei.com!world!kibo Tue Apr 26 22:30:23 EDT 1994
Article: 143 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,alt.religion.kibology
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!news.kei.com!world!kibo
From: kibo@world.std.com (James "Kibo" Parry)
Subject: Re: Propolis?
Message-ID: <Cot643.J6L@world.std.com>
Organization: HappyNet Headquarters
References: <2p0guc$85@gorgon.gatwick.sgp.slb.com> <rahCoL4K2.Gq0@netcom.com>
Date: Mon, 25 Apr 1994 09:24:03 GMT
Lines: 13
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:143 alt.religion.kibology:28044

[sci.agriculture.beekeeping]
In article <rahCoL4K2.Gq0@netcom.com>, Richard Hyde <rah@netcom.com> wrote:
> I have heard anecdotal evidence that propolis has been used to
> cure arthritus, but then so has copper and silver bracelets.  YMMV.

I hear that the Weekly World News and New England Jornal of Medicine
will, tomorrow, jointly announce that a mixture of Pop Rocks and Coke
will cure arthritis.

> Does anyone know if Kibo keeps bees?  :-)

I tried to keep bees, but they just buzzed off.
							-- K.


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!library.ucla.edu!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!news.acns.nwu.edu!merle.acns.nwu.edu!pccheng Tue Apr 26 22:30:26 EDT 1994
Article: 144 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,alt.religion.kibology
Subject: Re: Propolis?
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 25 Apr 1994 12:37:41 GMT
Organization: Northwestern University, Evanston IL
Lines: 25
Message-ID: <2pgdil$66p@news.acns.nwu.edu>
References: <2p0guc$85@gorgon.gatwick.sgp.slb.com> <rahCoL4K2.Gq0@netcom.com> <Cot643.J6L@world.std.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: unseen3.acns.nwu.edu
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:144 alt.religion.kibology:28068

In article <Cot643.J6L@world.std.com>,
James "Kibo" Parry <kibo@world.std.com> wrote:
>[sci.agriculture.beekeeping]
>In article <rahCoL4K2.Gq0@netcom.com>, Richard Hyde <rah@netcom.com> wrote:
>> I have heard anecdotal evidence that propolis has been used to
>> cure arthritus, but then so has copper and silver bracelets.  YMMV.
>
>I hear that the Weekly World News and New England Jornal of Medicine
>will, tomorrow, jointly announce that a mixture of Pop Rocks and Coke
>will cure arthritis.

Hey, don't knock propolis benefits just yet.  Let's wait for current
research on caffeic acid phenethyl ester before dismissing this folk
remedy.

BTW, there are several M.D.'s and well-respected bee researchers who believe
in apitherapy.  This is where you use bee VENOM for, say, arthritis.

Regards,
Paul
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu)
Northwestern University Medical School, MSTP-1
Ward Bldg. Box 213
Chicago, IL 60611


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!xanth.cs.odu.edu!saimiri.primate.wisc.edu!sdd.hp.com!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!convex!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!news.acns.nwu.edu!merle.acns.nwu.edu!pccheng Tue Apr 26 22:30:28 EDT 1994
Article: 145 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!xanth.cs.odu.edu!saimiri.primate.wisc.edu!sdd.hp.com!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!convex!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!news.acns.nwu.edu!merle.acns.nwu.edu!pccheng
From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Why does honey crystallize?
Date: 26 Apr 1994 05:25:19 GMT
Organization: Northwestern University, Evanston IL
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <2pi8jv$o2r@news.acns.nwu.edu>
References: <PRZEMEK.94Apr25111400@rrdjazz.nist.gov> <Cou8Bu.H0n@newshub.ccs.yorku.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: unseen3.acns.nwu.edu

In article <Cou8Bu.H0n@newshub.ccs.yorku.ca>,
Anthony Wallis <tony@nexus.yorku.ca> wrote:
(From DADANT)
>   the excesive material comming out of solution.   .. Crystallizing
>   tendancy is related to honey composition and storage conditions;
>   some honeys never crystallize while others will do so within a few
>   days of extraction, or even in the comb.

I would think that increased amounts of crystallization nuclei might also
cause crystallization of home-packed honey.  If there are tiny pieces of
wax, bee hairs, etc. in honey with a high concentration of sugar, then it
would be very likely that crystallization will occur.

Regards,
Paul
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu)
Northwestern University Medical School, MSTP-1
Ward Bldg. Box 213
Chicago, IL 60611


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!sunic!trane.uninett.no!nac.no!nntp-oslo.uninett.no!matsal6.nlh.no!user Tue Apr 26 22:30:30 EDT 1994
Article: 146 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!sunic!trane.uninett.no!nac.no!nntp-oslo.uninett.no!matsal6.nlh.no!user
From: ()
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bees
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 25 Apr 1994 13:32:19 GMT
Organization: UniNett
Lines: 1
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <2pggp3$9h4@ratatosk.uninett.no>
NNTP-Posting-Host: matsal6.nlh.no

Where do I get my first bee?


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!sunic!trane.uninett.no!nac.no!nntp-oslo.uninett.no!matsal6.nlh.no!user Tue Apr 26 22:30:32 EDT 1994
Article: 147 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: joern.thoresen@student.nlh.no (J¿rn Thorsen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bees
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 25 Apr 1994 13:36:25 GMT
Organization: NLH
Lines: 1
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <joern.thoresen-250494144221@matsal6.nlh.no>
NNTP-Posting-Host: matsal6.nlh.no

Where do I get my first bee?


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!sdd.hp.com!saimiri.primate.wisc.edu!caen!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:30:37 EDT 1994
Article: 148 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!sdd.hp.com!saimiri.primate.wisc.edu!caen!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Varroa questions from Ormond
Message-ID: <Coo0A1.2Lo@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Keywords: varroa, mite 
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Fri, 22 Apr 1994 14:30:00 GMT
Lines: 60


Rob Bidleman <robbee@CRL.COM> recently wrote to BEE-L:

>I requested several weeks ago that a few of you more verbose posters
>reply <if you could be so kind> to Ormond Aebi's question, I have filled
>him in as best I could but promised I would get a second, third and
>fourth opinion<s> so he could more or less get a good rounded view of the
>Varroa situation. I will ask again:

I am not personally an expert in this arena, but will throw the following
comments into the fray, for whatever they are worth!

>When <at what age> do the mites enter the bees? <not the hive, the bee>

Varroa is an external parasite, so they do not "enter" the bee itself.
Tracheal mite, on the other hand, is an internal parasite.
The Varroa mite does enter brood cells to reproduce - is this what you
are refering to??   Also, are you asking for the age of the bees or
the age of the mites (or both?)

>What in your opinion is the best single treatment for Varroa?
In the USA, the *only* legal chemical treatment that I am aware of is
fluvalinate (Apistan). I have heard of bio-mechanical methods (removing
capped drone brood so as to remove the enclosed mites), but am unsure
how effective this is.

>What is the fate of the mites once bees are decimated in an area?

I would assume that if the bees were truly decimated, then the mites
would die off also. Actually, it seems to me that the bee population would
have to be *eliminated*, otherwise reinfestation from the small, but
remaining bee population would be a problem. In the USA, I would think
it nearly impossible to eliminate the bee population in an area due to
the widespread presence of managed colonies - beekeepers tend to
replace bees that die off. Sure, the wild population might be
eliminated by the mite, but the managed colonies can still be a
"mite reservoir", providing a haven for the mites, and a source of
re-infestation. Finally, I don't know what "alternative hosts" are
around that could support the Varroa mite in the absence of honey bees.

>Thank you in advance for Ormond.
>
>         +%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%
>         %   robbee@crl.com   box 721 healdsburg ca 95448   %
>         +%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%

Hope that helps. I'm afraid I posed more questions than I answered, though!


Rick Hough, a hobby beekeeper with 9 colonies NE of Boston, MA, USA.

"Ask ten beekeepers how to do something, and you will hear
at least a dozen "RIGHT" ways to do it!" - overheard at a club meeting.

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!math.ohio-state.edu!caen!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:30:40 EDT 1994
Article: 149 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Varroa questions from Ormond
Message-ID: <Coo0y4.3A0@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Keywords: varroa, mite 
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <Coo0A1.2Lo@murdoch.acc.virginia.edu>
Date: Fri, 22 Apr 1994 14:44:27 GMT
Lines: 38


From: Aaron Morris <SYSAM@ALBANY.BITNET>
Subject:      Varroa answer

   In response to Rob Biddleman's query for Ormond Aebi about varroa, I
don't claim to be an expert, but I'll be glad to pass on what I gleaned
from a pamphlet distributed at our local beekeepers association
(unfortunately, I no longer have the pamphlet and I forget the source,
although I seem to recall that it's the producers of Apistan).  I'm
thrilled to pass on to Ormond what I know, in a small attempt to
return what he has passed on to me through his book, which I thoroughly
enjoyed!
   The life cycle of Varroa is such that varroa eggs and nymphs are
laid/hatch/wait for their host in individual cells in the comb.  When
bee pupae are capped, the adult varroa attach themselves and hence are
already on the emerging bee.  The mites have a preference for drone
cells, but I haven't a clue as to how they distinguish drone cells from
worker cells.
   The only treatment I have used is Apistan (something Ormond would
disdain).  I lost two hives this winter (even though I treated in the
fall) and dead mites were left all over the bottom boards.  I would
assume that once varroa decimate an area they will die off.
Unfortunately, it would take MASSIVE die offs on a large scale to
eradicate mites from an entire area.  Even if one's entire apiary is
wiped out, starting over from scratch gives no guarantee that there
won't be mites in hives in the next county over.  My question would be,
how do mites spread from hive to hive?  If the mites enter bees in the
cell, then how does a mite-less hive pick up the first mite?  The best
guess I can take at this one is drifting, but that's just a SWAG.
   So, I've written what I know and have ended with a question.  I hope
this will help, or at least lead to a more boisterous discussion.

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!sdd.hp.com!caen!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue Apr 26 22:30:42 EDT 1994
Article: 150 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Varroa questions from Ormond
Message-ID: <Coo10s.3Dp@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Keywords: varroa, mite 
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <Coo0A1.2Lo@murdoch.acc.virginia.edu>
Date: Fri, 22 Apr 1994 14:46:04 GMT
Lines: 46


Date:         Wed, 20 Apr 1994 08:53:00 -0700
Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology <BEE-L@UACSC2.ALBANY.EDU>
From: "Paul van Westendorp 576-5600 Fax: 576-5652"              <PVANWESTEN@GALAXY.GOV.BC.CA>
Subject:      Re: Varroa answer

    Aaron Morris' "Varroa Answer" speculates on the way a mite-less colony
    gets infested.  Here in British Columbia, we have witnessed a progressive
    spread of Varroa from the most southern areas close to the US border
    northward.  Due to BC's topography marked by mountain ranges running
    north-south, Varroa has been following the valley floors where bees are
    kept, and where bees are being transported.  We have seen the typical
    'leaps & bounds' phenomenon of finding incidental Varroa infestations in
    apiaries that by themselves are pretty isolated (from other bee
    populations) but are always close to the highway.  Clear proof of
    infested bees escaping from trucks moving colonies from southern BC to
    the far north.

    The other form of spread is more localized but rapid nonetheless, which
    can only be explained through drifting and drone visitations.  I
    commented sometime ago on the distance of flight of bees, and referred to
    research done by Tibor Szabo in the early eighties.  Drones with free
    access to other colonies, coupled with their 'high motivation' (ie. sex
    drive) and physical ability to fly fast and far, are overwhelming likely
    playing a critical role as vectors of Varroa.

    Your question about how Varroa distinguishes between a drone cell/larva
    and a worker cell/larva is intriquing.  I have often wandered about that
    also, but perhaps some chemical or pheremonal cues may play an important
    role.


    Paul van Westendorp
    Provincial Apiculturist
    BC Ministry of Agriculture
        Fisheries & Food
    17720 - 57th Avenue
    Surrey, B.C.
    V3S 4P9  CANADA

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!uunet!nih-csl!FAXCSL!FIXER Tue Apr 26 22:30:44 EDT 1994
Article: 151 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov (Chris Gonna' Find Ray Charles Tate)
Subject: Re: Mead?
Message-ID: <1994Apr25.135532.18123@alw.nih.gov>
Sender: postman@alw.nih.gov (AMDS Postmaster)
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References: <ddtodd.38.0014553C@ucdavis.edu>,<2pcjtr$f6a@xochi.tezcat.com>
Date: Mon, 25 Apr 1994 13:55:32 GMT
Lines: 13

For discussion of mead, you might want to check out the newsgroup
rec.food.historic.  There are a lot of SCA people on that group
(Society for Creative Anachronism), and a goodly discussion of all
sorts of foods that were known in ancient times - including those
brewed foods.  :-)

There's also a .homebrew or .zymurgy group or two that you might
take a look at.

---------------------------------------------------------------
Christopher Tate             |  "So he dropped the heart - 
MSD, Inc.                    |     the floor's clean."
fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov    |                 - Sidney Harris


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Article: 152 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Mead?
Message-ID: <Cootr5.Jpx@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
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Lines: 15

  There is some avid mead discussion in the group rec.crafts.brewing.
Also there is a mead mailing list:
mead-lovers@eklektix.com

I _drink_ mead. 

: )

Adam
-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!moe.ksu.ksu.edu!cis.ksu.edu!mac Tue Apr 26 22:30:47 EDT 1994
Article: 153 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mac@cis.ksu.edu (Myron A. Calhoun)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Can't reach jane@cork.swdc.stratus.com
Date: 25 Apr 1994 15:27:16 GMT
Organization: Kansas State University, Dept. of Computer Science
Lines: 32
Distribution: usa
Message-ID: <mac.767287636@depot.cis.ksu.edu.cis.ksu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: depot.cis.ksu.edu

Sorry to waste net bandwidth, but I would like the following message
(which had delivery problems--"connection timed out during initial
connection with cork.swdc.stratus.com") to get through:

To: jane@cork.swdc.stratus.com
Subject: Re: Swarms decreasing?

In sci.agriculture.beekeeping you write:
>Has anyone in the Bay Area (yep, California) noticed that
>swarming behavior is decreasing?  My neighborhood used to get
>a couple swarms every year, but they seem to be decreasing
>over time.  

I lived in Menlo park from 1967-1971 and started my beekeeping there.
One year I gave my name to the local authorities (police, etc.) and
let them know that I'd remove swarms....

That spring I averaged two calls PER DAY!  Very quickly my wife learned
to separate the few where truly alergic to bee stings from those who were
just scared, educating the latter and telling the former I'd get their
swarm ASAP.

--Myron.
# Five boxes preserve our freedoms:  soap, ballot, jury, witness, and cartridge.
# Myron A. Calhoun, PhD EE; Assoc. Professor  (913) 539-4448 home
# INTERNET: mac@cis.ksu.edu                         532-6350 work, 532-7353 fax
#     UUCP: ...rutgers!depot!mac      Packet radio: W0PBV@N0ARY.#NOCAL.CA.USA.NA
-- 
# Five boxes preserve our freedoms:  soap, ballot, jury, witness, and cartridge.
# Myron A. Calhoun, PhD EE; Assoc. Professor  (913) 539-4448 home
# INTERNET: mac@cis.ksu.edu                         532-6350 work, 532-7353 fax
#     UUCP: ...rutgers!depot!mac      Packet radio: W0PBV@N0ARY.#NOCAL.CA.USA.NA


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!netline-fddi.jpl.nasa.gov!sookit!rspear Tue Apr 26 22:30:48 EDT 1994
Article: 154 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Pasteurized honey...
Date: 25 Apr 1994 16:34:33 GMT
Organization: Jet Propulsion Laboratory - Pasadena CA
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Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu) wrote:
: Hello again,

: My colleagues at UC Davis did their honey survey again this year and found
: much of the people surveyed to prefer unprocessed "natural" honey from
: the same floral source.  Does anyone know how honey from the supermarket is
: processed?

: Thanks,
: Paul
: -- 
: Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu)
: Northwestern University Medical School, MSTP-1
: Ward Bldg. Box 213
: Chicago, IL 60611

isn't it required to be pasteurized?

i, too would like to know the answer to this question.

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov
all disclaimers apply


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Article: 142 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: NEED INFO/FAQ for BEEKEEPING
Message-ID: <Coq5Dp.G3A@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
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Date: Sat, 23 Apr 1994 18:15:24 GMT
Lines: 32

 Ok folks, its FAQ time. Lets get this FAQ rolling. 
Starting in beekeeping

Beekeeping resources
a internet
b books
Honey production

Pollination
Pollen Production
Queen Rearing
Bee Biology
Bee Pests
a diseases
b Mites
African Bees
Apicultural lore
Apitherapy
etc
etc 
etc
 I'll be glad to receive any input or suggestions on FAQ material.
Lets shoot for 5/94 as a date for the first FAQ. 
Send me anything you think should be on the FAQ and I'll write it up.
Adam

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!news.kei.com!world!kibo Tue May  3 21:54:38 EDT 1994
Article: 143 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,alt.religion.kibology
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From: kibo@world.std.com (James "Kibo" Parry)
Subject: Re: Propolis?
Message-ID: <Cot643.J6L@world.std.com>
Organization: HappyNet Headquarters
References: <2p0guc$85@gorgon.gatwick.sgp.slb.com> <rahCoL4K2.Gq0@netcom.com>
Date: Mon, 25 Apr 1994 09:24:03 GMT
Lines: 13
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:143 alt.religion.kibology:28044

[sci.agriculture.beekeeping]
In article <rahCoL4K2.Gq0@netcom.com>, Richard Hyde <rah@netcom.com> wrote:
> I have heard anecdotal evidence that propolis has been used to
> cure arthritus, but then so has copper and silver bracelets.  YMMV.

I hear that the Weekly World News and New England Jornal of Medicine
will, tomorrow, jointly announce that a mixture of Pop Rocks and Coke
will cure arthritis.

> Does anyone know if Kibo keeps bees?  :-)

I tried to keep bees, but they just buzzed off.
							-- K.


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From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,alt.religion.kibology
Subject: Re: Propolis?
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 25 Apr 1994 12:37:41 GMT
Organization: Northwestern University, Evanston IL
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:144 alt.religion.kibology:28068

In article <Cot643.J6L@world.std.com>,
James "Kibo" Parry <kibo@world.std.com> wrote:
>[sci.agriculture.beekeeping]
>In article <rahCoL4K2.Gq0@netcom.com>, Richard Hyde <rah@netcom.com> wrote:
>> I have heard anecdotal evidence that propolis has been used to
>> cure arthritus, but then so has copper and silver bracelets.  YMMV.
>
>I hear that the Weekly World News and New England Jornal of Medicine
>will, tomorrow, jointly announce that a mixture of Pop Rocks and Coke
>will cure arthritis.

Hey, don't knock propolis benefits just yet.  Let's wait for current
research on caffeic acid phenethyl ester before dismissing this folk
remedy.

BTW, there are several M.D.'s and well-respected bee researchers who believe
in apitherapy.  This is where you use bee VENOM for, say, arthritis.

Regards,
Paul
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu)
Northwestern University Medical School, MSTP-1
Ward Bldg. Box 213
Chicago, IL 60611


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Article: 145 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Why does honey crystallize?
Date: 26 Apr 1994 05:25:19 GMT
Organization: Northwestern University, Evanston IL
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <2pi8jv$o2r@news.acns.nwu.edu>
References: <PRZEMEK.94Apr25111400@rrdjazz.nist.gov> <Cou8Bu.H0n@newshub.ccs.yorku.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: unseen3.acns.nwu.edu

In article <Cou8Bu.H0n@newshub.ccs.yorku.ca>,
Anthony Wallis <tony@nexus.yorku.ca> wrote:
(From DADANT)
>   the excesive material comming out of solution.   .. Crystallizing
>   tendancy is related to honey composition and storage conditions;
>   some honeys never crystallize while others will do so within a few
>   days of extraction, or even in the comb.

I would think that increased amounts of crystallization nuclei might also
cause crystallization of home-packed honey.  If there are tiny pieces of
wax, bee hairs, etc. in honey with a high concentration of sugar, then it
would be very likely that crystallization will occur.

Regards,
Paul
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu)
Northwestern University Medical School, MSTP-1
Ward Bldg. Box 213
Chicago, IL 60611


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!sunic!trane.uninett.no!nac.no!nntp-oslo.uninett.no!matsal6.nlh.no!user Tue May  3 21:54:41 EDT 1994
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From: ()
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Subject: bees
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Where do I get my first bee?


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!sunic!trane.uninett.no!nac.no!nntp-oslo.uninett.no!matsal6.nlh.no!user Tue May  3 21:54:43 EDT 1994
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From: joern.thoresen@student.nlh.no (J¿rn Thorsen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bees
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Where do I get my first bee?


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!sdd.hp.com!saimiri.primate.wisc.edu!caen!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue May  3 21:54:46 EDT 1994
Article: 148 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Varroa questions from Ormond
Message-ID: <Coo0A1.2Lo@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Keywords: varroa, mite 
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Fri, 22 Apr 1994 14:30:00 GMT
Lines: 60


Rob Bidleman <robbee@CRL.COM> recently wrote to BEE-L:

>I requested several weeks ago that a few of you more verbose posters
>reply <if you could be so kind> to Ormond Aebi's question, I have filled
>him in as best I could but promised I would get a second, third and
>fourth opinion<s> so he could more or less get a good rounded view of the
>Varroa situation. I will ask again:

I am not personally an expert in this arena, but will throw the following
comments into the fray, for whatever they are worth!

>When <at what age> do the mites enter the bees? <not the hive, the bee>

Varroa is an external parasite, so they do not "enter" the bee itself.
Tracheal mite, on the other hand, is an internal parasite.
The Varroa mite does enter brood cells to reproduce - is this what you
are refering to??   Also, are you asking for the age of the bees or
the age of the mites (or both?)

>What in your opinion is the best single treatment for Varroa?
In the USA, the *only* legal chemical treatment that I am aware of is
fluvalinate (Apistan). I have heard of bio-mechanical methods (removing
capped drone brood so as to remove the enclosed mites), but am unsure
how effective this is.

>What is the fate of the mites once bees are decimated in an area?

I would assume that if the bees were truly decimated, then the mites
would die off also. Actually, it seems to me that the bee population would
have to be *eliminated*, otherwise reinfestation from the small, but
remaining bee population would be a problem. In the USA, I would think
it nearly impossible to eliminate the bee population in an area due to
the widespread presence of managed colonies - beekeepers tend to
replace bees that die off. Sure, the wild population might be
eliminated by the mite, but the managed colonies can still be a
"mite reservoir", providing a haven for the mites, and a source of
re-infestation. Finally, I don't know what "alternative hosts" are
around that could support the Varroa mite in the absence of honey bees.

>Thank you in advance for Ormond.
>
>         +%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%
>         %   robbee@crl.com   box 721 healdsburg ca 95448   %
>         +%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%

Hope that helps. I'm afraid I posed more questions than I answered, though!


Rick Hough, a hobby beekeeper with 9 colonies NE of Boston, MA, USA.

"Ask ten beekeepers how to do something, and you will hear
at least a dozen "RIGHT" ways to do it!" - overheard at a club meeting.

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!math.ohio-state.edu!caen!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue May  3 21:54:47 EDT 1994
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Varroa questions from Ormond
Message-ID: <Coo0y4.3A0@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Keywords: varroa, mite 
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
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Date: Fri, 22 Apr 1994 14:44:27 GMT
Lines: 38


From: Aaron Morris <SYSAM@ALBANY.BITNET>
Subject:      Varroa answer

   In response to Rob Biddleman's query for Ormond Aebi about varroa, I
don't claim to be an expert, but I'll be glad to pass on what I gleaned
from a pamphlet distributed at our local beekeepers association
(unfortunately, I no longer have the pamphlet and I forget the source,
although I seem to recall that it's the producers of Apistan).  I'm
thrilled to pass on to Ormond what I know, in a small attempt to
return what he has passed on to me through his book, which I thoroughly
enjoyed!
   The life cycle of Varroa is such that varroa eggs and nymphs are
laid/hatch/wait for their host in individual cells in the comb.  When
bee pupae are capped, the adult varroa attach themselves and hence are
already on the emerging bee.  The mites have a preference for drone
cells, but I haven't a clue as to how they distinguish drone cells from
worker cells.
   The only treatment I have used is Apistan (something Ormond would
disdain).  I lost two hives this winter (even though I treated in the
fall) and dead mites were left all over the bottom boards.  I would
assume that once varroa decimate an area they will die off.
Unfortunately, it would take MASSIVE die offs on a large scale to
eradicate mites from an entire area.  Even if one's entire apiary is
wiped out, starting over from scratch gives no guarantee that there
won't be mites in hives in the next county over.  My question would be,
how do mites spread from hive to hive?  If the mites enter bees in the
cell, then how does a mite-less hive pick up the first mite?  The best
guess I can take at this one is drifting, but that's just a SWAG.
   So, I've written what I know and have ended with a question.  I hope
this will help, or at least lead to a more boisterous discussion.

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Varroa questions from Ormond
Message-ID: <Coo10s.3Dp@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Keywords: varroa, mite 
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Date:         Wed, 20 Apr 1994 08:53:00 -0700
Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology <BEE-L@UACSC2.ALBANY.EDU>
From: "Paul van Westendorp 576-5600 Fax: 576-5652"              <PVANWESTEN@GALAXY.GOV.BC.CA>
Subject:      Re: Varroa answer

    Aaron Morris' "Varroa Answer" speculates on the way a mite-less colony
    gets infested.  Here in British Columbia, we have witnessed a progressive
    spread of Varroa from the most southern areas close to the US border
    northward.  Due to BC's topography marked by mountain ranges running
    north-south, Varroa has been following the valley floors where bees are
    kept, and where bees are being transported.  We have seen the typical
    'leaps & bounds' phenomenon of finding incidental Varroa infestations in
    apiaries that by themselves are pretty isolated (from other bee
    populations) but are always close to the highway.  Clear proof of
    infested bees escaping from trucks moving colonies from southern BC to
    the far north.

    The other form of spread is more localized but rapid nonetheless, which
    can only be explained through drifting and drone visitations.  I
    commented sometime ago on the distance of flight of bees, and referred to
    research done by Tibor Szabo in the early eighties.  Drones with free
    access to other colonies, coupled with their 'high motivation' (ie. sex
    drive) and physical ability to fly fast and far, are overwhelming likely
    playing a critical role as vectors of Varroa.

    Your question about how Varroa distinguishes between a drone cell/larva
    and a worker cell/larva is intriquing.  I have often wandered about that
    also, but perhaps some chemical or pheremonal cues may play an important
    role.


    Paul van Westendorp
    Provincial Apiculturist
    BC Ministry of Agriculture
        Fisheries & Food
    17720 - 57th Avenue
    Surrey, B.C.
    V3S 4P9  CANADA

-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!uunet!nih-csl!FAXCSL!FIXER Tue May  3 21:54:52 EDT 1994
Article: 151 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov (Chris Gonna' Find Ray Charles Tate)
Subject: Re: Mead?
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Date: Mon, 25 Apr 1994 13:55:32 GMT
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For discussion of mead, you might want to check out the newsgroup
rec.food.historic.  There are a lot of SCA people on that group
(Society for Creative Anachronism), and a goodly discussion of all
sorts of foods that were known in ancient times - including those
brewed foods.  :-)

There's also a .homebrew or .zymurgy group or two that you might
take a look at.

---------------------------------------------------------------
Christopher Tate             |  "So he dropped the heart - 
MSD, Inc.                    |     the floor's clean."
fixer@faxcsl.dcrt.nih.gov    |                 - Sidney Harris


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!caen!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf Tue May  3 21:54:53 EDT 1994
Article: 152 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Mead?
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  There is some avid mead discussion in the group rec.crafts.brewing.
Also there is a mead mailing list:
mead-lovers@eklektix.com

I _drink_ mead. 

: )

Adam
-- 
===============================================================================
Adam Finkelstein  VDACS Apiary Inspector 116 Reservoir St Harrisonburg VA 22801
703-433-1006 (V)   703-434-5607 (Fax)   703-564-4394 (Pager)
adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu        |Bees To Please|
================================================================================


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!corpgate!news.utdallas.edu!wupost!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!moe.ksu.ksu.edu!cis.ksu.edu!mac Tue May  3 21:54:54 EDT 1994
Article: 153 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mac@cis.ksu.edu (Myron A. Calhoun)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Can't reach jane@cork.swdc.stratus.com
Date: 25 Apr 1994 15:27:16 GMT
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Sorry to waste net bandwidth, but I would like the following message
(which had delivery problems--"connection timed out during initial
connection with cork.swdc.stratus.com") to get through:

To: jane@cork.swdc.stratus.com
Subject: Re: Swarms decreasing?

In sci.agriculture.beekeeping you write:
>Has anyone in the Bay Area (yep, California) noticed that
>swarming behavior is decreasing?  My neighborhood used to get
>a couple swarms every year, but they seem to be decreasing
>over time.  

I lived in Menlo park from 1967-1971 and started my beekeeping there.
One year I gave my name to the local authorities (police, etc.) and
let them know that I'd remove swarms....

That spring I averaged two calls PER DAY!  Very quickly my wife learned
to separate the few where truly alergic to bee stings from those who were
just scared, educating the latter and telling the former I'd get their
swarm ASAP.

--Myron.
# Five boxes preserve our freedoms:  soap, ballot, jury, witness, and cartridge.
# Myron A. Calhoun, PhD EE; Assoc. Professor  (913) 539-4448 home
# INTERNET: mac@cis.ksu.edu                         532-6350 work, 532-7353 fax
#     UUCP: ...rutgers!depot!mac      Packet radio: W0PBV@N0ARY.#NOCAL.CA.USA.NA
-- 
# Five boxes preserve our freedoms:  soap, ballot, jury, witness, and cartridge.
# Myron A. Calhoun, PhD EE; Assoc. Professor  (913) 539-4448 home
# INTERNET: mac@cis.ksu.edu                         532-6350 work, 532-7353 fax
#     UUCP: ...rutgers!depot!mac      Packet radio: W0PBV@N0ARY.#NOCAL.CA.USA.NA


From bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!netline-fddi.jpl.nasa.gov!sookit!rspear Tue May  3 21:54:56 EDT 1994
Article: 154 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Pasteurized honey...
Date: 25 Apr 1994 16:34:33 GMT
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Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu) wrote:
: Hello again,

: My colleagues at UC Davis did their honey survey again this year and found
: much of the people surveyed to prefer unprocessed "natural" honey from
: the same floral source.  Does anyone know how honey from the supermarket is
: processed?

: Thanks,
: Paul
: -- 
: Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu)
: Northwestern University Medical School, MSTP-1
: Ward Bldg. Box 213
: Chicago, IL 60611

isn't it required to be pasteurized?

i, too would like to know the answer to this question.

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov
all disclaimers apply


