From fgt@cadre.com Mon Aug  8 12:44:57 EDT 1994
Article: 637 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: fgt@cadre.com (Fred G. Thurber)
Subject: Re: Bees night out?
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	I am a new beekeeper and started off this year with a 
couple of hives.  I had two nukes of carniolans installed
this Spring.  I have had trouble with one of the hive; the bees seem
very grumpy and have recently taken to stinging me.  The hives are
very close to a gravel driveway and cars & farm equipment apparently rumble
by during the day.  A couple of days ago I decided to move them and took them
to a friend's house in a quiet location about a mile away.  Separating
us are three major roads, two wooded swamps filled with sweet pepperbush
(which is now blooming) and three of pastures.   However the next day
hundreds of bees were swarming around the location the hives used to be and by
afternoon they had massed on a car parked nearby.  They also seemed to
be hot-tempered and my landlord complained about them.  What should I do?

---

Frederick Thurber      fgt@cadre.com           





From jlks@u.washington.edu Mon Aug  8 12:44:58 EDT 1994
Article: 638 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bees night out?
Date: 1 Aug 1994 20:45:03 GMT
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fgt@cadre.com (Fred G. Thurber) writes:
[...]A couple of days ago I decided to move them and took them
>to a friend's house in a quiet location about a mile away.  Separating
>us are three major roads, two wooded swamps filled with sweet pepperbush
>(which is now blooming) and three of pastures.   However the next day
>hundreds of bees were swarming around the location the hives used to be and by
>afternoon they had massed on a car parked nearby.  They also seemed to
>be hot-tempered and my landlord complained about them.  What should I do?

New to beekeeping myself, but I would say move the hive back to its 
original position ASAP, and, once you have the hive reconsolidated, pick 
a new spot to move them to, further away than your friend's house (a mile 
and a half did me fine, but better safe than sorry).
  
Bees have no regard for major roads, and if one happens upon a familiar 
landmark, they will be able to find their old home quick.  If you are set 
on your friend's house as a permanent location, pick some spot very far 
away from both the original spot and your friend's house to move them to 
for three or four weeks, until everyone who remembers the old terrain is 
dead, then move them to your friend's place.  

Again: this is my first year beekeeping, so take my advice with a shaker 
of salt...

Jordan


From Paul.Ferroni@ab.com Mon Aug  8 12:44:59 EDT 1994
Article: 639 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: cpferron@icd.ab.com (C. Paul Ferroni)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: 1 Aug 1994 22:31:37 GMT
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In article <sandrock.775502827@aries>, sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark Sandrock) writes:

[...munch...]

> new colony, but in the meantime, what do I do with all those full frames?
> Get an extractor? Destroy the frames? What? And will these bees feasting
> on the honey be very upset at my intervention? I've been stung a few times
> in my life, but certainly I'm not anxious to try for multiple stings!
> 
> Thanks in advance!
> 
> Mark Sandrock

  If the hive is empty (and if it's not already too late) you need to
do something to keep the wax moths out.  Bees will keep them out when
they are living in the hive, but I doubt if robber's will care.  

  You should open the hive (don't worry about the "mean-ness" of robbers.
I suspect that they'll act pretty much like "ordinary bees") and see if
you have robbers, or if a swarm has moved in.  You can probably judge this
by watching the bees coming in.  If they are laden with pollen, they are
not robber bees, and you have a natural swarm that's moved in.

  If you don't have any resident bees, then move the hive in the evening,
since the robbers will all go home around sunset, and leave the hive empty.
Move it to wherever you'll be storing it.  Check it carefully for moth-damage.
You'll recognize it if you see it - worm-like larvae eating through the
wax, leaving silky trails behind them.  Eventually they'll form cocoons on
the wooden frames, but by that time, all the wax will be consumed.

  I store my empty hives in plastic garbage bags, with some moth balls
on top of the frames, isolated from actually contacting the wax/frames
by a sheet of cardboard.  This will actually kill any larvae and eggs in
the combs, too. 

  Be SURE to air out the frames a couple of DAYS before putting on active
hives after removing them from the presence of the moth balls.  The wax 
will store some of the chemicals in it, and requires lots of free air
to flush it out.

  You can also treat frames with a BT spray (bacillus thurengensis spores --
spelling not guaranteed) that will kill any wax moth larvae when they hatch,
and be totally harmless to bees.  This can be purchased under several
common names -- check your garden supply store.

  Wax moths can devistate a weak/inactive/empty hive in a matter of weeks.
Once ruined, you have to start from scratch with new foundation, etc.

  Hope you've got a swarm.  That'd be the best solution to all your problems.
But in any case, don't be afraid to visit your bees.  With a good veil, 
gloves, and proper clothing, you shouldn't have any problems.  (forgot to add
a little common sense to that list :) ).

-cpf




From Paul.Ferroni@ab.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:00 EDT 1994
Article: 640 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: cpferron@icd.ab.com (C. Paul Ferroni)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Will the honey move up?
Date: 1 Aug 1994 22:48:45 GMT
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In article <1994Jul30.124716.1@jaguar.uofs.edu>, ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu writes:
> 	

[...munch...]

> 	Also how do I put the hive back together without crushing a million 
> bees? Everytime I either brush or smoke them off the sides by the time I turn 
> around and pick up the box to put back on they've covered the sides again. I 
> *can't* stand there forever until they decide to move, my back can't take it 
> especially when they're full.
> 
> -- 
> Dave D. Cawley


Dave,

  I'll take a stab at your last question...

  I typically use the hive outer cover as a stand for the supers.  Turn
it upside down, and set the super(s) on it in such a way that it sits on
four points, rather than sliping into the cover.  This way, there is a 
significant gap below the super as it's sitting on the cover.  (It also
makes it easy to pick up later).

  Be sure to have scraped off any comb that's hanging below the frames.  

  Then, apply liberal smoke to the top of what's left of the hive (where
the seperated super will go), and to the underside of the super sitting
on the cover.  This is why you leave the space below it -- so the smoke
will go underneath easily.  (Note: I always leave the inner cover on top
of the seperated super as well, to reduce the number of curious onlookers
while working.)  

  Typically, most of the bees will be away from the points of contact by
this time, and you have a short window of time to move the super on top
of the hive.  If your hive is very full (of bees), angry (open too long
perhaps?), etc, you may still have MANY bees sitting where they may get
hurt.

  The method of placing the super on the hive will also help at this point.
Don't just set it in its final location.  Gently set it down about a side-
board width from it's final resting point.  Do this by setting one edge down
first (slowly), then the other (slowly).  Then slowly slide the whole thing
into position.

  I emphasize the slowness of the movement(s) because the bees will naturally
move out of the way as they are getting compressed between two objects.
You'll end up crushing a few bees, but I'm usually able to put the most active,
full hives together without rousing them too much, or effecting a massacre.

  I typically smoke any crushed bees, to try to mask the scent, and avoid
any "misundertandings" with the survivors :).

  Hope this helps.

-cpf



From Dave.Du.Toit@enviro.cds.alt.za Mon Aug  8 12:45:01 EDT 1994
Article: 641 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Dave.Du.Toit@enviro.cds.alt.za (Dave Du Toit)
Date: 31 Jul 94 17:50:00 +0200
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Moving Hives?
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Hi

DD> and am wondering what the best way to do it is. I seem >to remember 
DD>  reading that they should be moved a foot/day or something, >but can't 
DD> find the reference in the books I have now...Any advice?

Most probably the easiest method is to move them a least 15km away from 
there original site for a minimum of five days, place some foreign 
matter in front of the entrance leaves or something so they are aware 
that things have changed and they must retake there bearings, then 
after 5 days follow the same process to bring them back. 

dave@enviro.cds.alt.za


From rshough@tasc.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:03 EDT 1994
Article: 642 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Will the honey move up?
Date: Mon, 01 Aug 1994 13:57:42 -0500
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In article <1994Jul30.124716.1@jaguar.uofs.edu>, ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu wrote:

>         Well...in my two brood boxes I found almost 5 frames total of capped
> honey, 3.5 in the top and 1.5 in the bottom. This amazed me cos I figured I
> could get away with 2 brood boxes and a medium super for the year since we've
> had droughts the last 3-5 years...how was *I* supposed to know that the
> rainfall would be a doozy this year?!? So now my question is (other than
where 
> the heck am i going to get more supers) is will they move the honey up
into the
> super to free up the brood boxes now that they have the room? They had
one full
> sheet of of foundation filled out and were working on the others. I figure I
> have a full super with what is capped in the bottom boxes.

I don't think the bees will "move the honey" into the super, but what they will
do is consume the honey that is stored near the broodnest, and new nectar
that is coming in will probably be stored up in the super. At a casual glance,
this looks like they "moved the honey", but that isn't what really happened.
Of course, that's just my opinion - I haven't watched my hive closely enough
to be able to "prove" this hypothesis.

>         I found the queen in the top box which is practically filled with
> brood and 3.5 frames of honey, the bottom box had some open space, will she
> move back down or is it time to switch boxes on them? Since I don't have an
> excluder should I pray that she doesn't move up into the super?

Given how crowded your colonies sound, I would guess that it is likely that
the queen would move up into the super & start laying - all those open cells
would be just too appealing. Prayer doesn't seem to change that! Some folks
say that if there is a band of honey across the top of the hive, the queen
won't cross it & lay in the super. To have an effective band, *EVERY* frame
needs to be solid honey on the top couple of inches - it is easy to get the
honey barrier on the sides, but much tougher (you see it less often) directly
over the brood nest. The honey barrier didn't work for me this summer, but it
seems to work much of the time (don't know how prayer impacts this one!)
 
>         Also how do I put the hive back together without crushing a million 
> bees? Everytime I either brush or smoke them off the sides by the time I turn 
> around and pick up the box to put back on they've covered the sides again. I 
> *can't* stand there forever until they decide to move, my back can't take it 
> especially when they're full.

The trick I was taught was 1) lots of smoke, and 2) set the upper box onto the
lower box at a slight angle (rotation), and then spin it into position. The
advantage is that the "crush zone" is much smaller when you initially set the
box down. Then, if you can spin the box slowly enough, most of the bees will
get out  of the way, or get pushed out of the way. I still squish some, but
not as many as just plopping the box straight down. The disadvantage is that
it can be tough with burr comb & propolis to spin a deep that has lots of
honey in it!

Good Luck.

Rick Hough
rshough@tasc.com

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion, and not my employer's or anyone else's.


From rshough@tasc.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:03 EDT 1994
Article: 643 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Mon, 01 Aug 1994 13:57:46 -0500
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In article <sandrock.775502827@aries>, sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark
Sandrock) wrote:

[preliminaries deleted for brevity]
> Now, the problem is, this hive full of honey has been sitting in the
> garden all along, and I've noticed a fair amount of activity with bees
> coming and going and crawling around the hive entrance. Yesterday I
> received the equipment I (finally) ordered, and was ready to take a
> look inside, but happened to read a paragraph in Walter Kelley's book
> about the potential "meanness" of robber bees. Well, if what I have are
> robber bees, I'm not anxious to do battle with them, and am appealing
> here for any advice as to what course of action I should now follow.

As Mike Moroney noted, robber bees aren't that big a deal. Yes, they tend
to be somewhat more aggressive than "residents", but you probably won't
notice that much of a difference if you are a "glove-wearer" (i.e. you
don't work your bees bare-handed). One good way to discriminate between
residents & robbers from the outside of the hive is to watch the hive
entrance - If you see bees bringing pollen into the colony, then you
have an active colony (robbers will not bring pollen in - they are taking
the honey out!  Also, pollen coming into a colony is an indication that
there is brood rearing going on (ok - late in the season they might
be storing it away for spring...) which is something only "residents"
will do. Again, as Mike noted, robbers will clean out a vacant colony
quite rapidly, so if the activity you have been watching is, indeed,
robbers, it is likely you don't have to worry about any honey!

> Kelley's informed me that they've been sold out of bees for several
> months, and I'm thinking I have to wait until next spring to start a
> new colony, but in the meantime, what do I do with all those full frames?
> Get an extractor? Destroy the frames? What? And will these bees feasting
> on the honey be very upset at my intervention? I've been stung a few times
> in my life, but certainly I'm not anxious to try for multiple stings!

It is amazing how mother nature takes care of these things for us -
maybe a swrm moved in, in which case you have an established colony by
this time, but you need to watch for mites & disease. Also, depending on how
well they have built up, you may need to feed them to help them through the
winter. If a swarm has not moved in, then it is likely that other bees will
have found the colony & robbed all the honey out. Once the robbers have
done their work, it is likely that wax moths will move in, and consume all
the wax left in the hive. So, you may open the hive this fall, and just find
a bunch of empty frames!!

If you still have honey in the frames, you have a bunch of choices to make.
Contact me by e-mail if you want, and we can talk about this further.
 
Rick Hough
rshough@tasc.com

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion, and not my employer's or anyone else's.


From rshough@tasc.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:05 EDT 1994
Article: 644 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Requeening by putting in queen cell?
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: Mon, 25 Jul 1994 12:45:02 -0500
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In article <owen-2207942243440001@sales.rsnz.govt.nz>, owen@rsnz.govt.nz
(Owen Watson) wrote:

> Has anyone tried the method of requeening by putting an-almost-ready queen
> cell on the frames, and letting supersedure take place?

I don't think this will work in a queen-right hive. I would think that the
existing queen would kill the queen in the cell before she ever emerges
(this is the way it works when a colony raises emergency queens to replace
a "lost" queen - the first queen to emerge runs around & chews holes in the
sides of all the other queen cells - the workers then finish the job by
pulling the pupa out of the cell and discarding it outside the hive).

This would be a good way to requeen a colony if you first eliminated the
old
queen, although you may want to place more than one queen cell, just in
case
you damage one "installing" it.

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion, and not my employer's or anyone else's.


From rshough@tasc.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:06 EDT 1994
Article: 645 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Question about making beewax candles
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: Tue, 26 Jul 1994 10:05:19 -0500
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In article <311471$26s@homer.mdd.comm.mot.com>, jong@mdd.comm.mot.com
(Edward Jong) wrote:

> 
> When making beeswax candles, is it advisable to mix some
> parafin as well?  Any suggestions for candle making.
> 
> I don't know anything about bees.  I am posting this question
> for a beekeeping friend of mine.

Addition of parafin will increase the chances that the candle will
drip. Also, once you add parafin, you can't sell your candles as
100% beeswax. I am not aware of any advantages of adding parafin,
other than parafin is cheap.

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion, and not my employer's or anyone else's.


From rshough@tasc.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:07 EDT 1994
Article: 646 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How to process burr comb - novice
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: Tue, 26 Jul 1994 13:05:36 -0500
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In esponse to Mike Killoran's recent post:

Your concept on the solar melter is right - brood & big chunks of
other "undesirables" will stay on top, with all the rest dripping
through. Wax floats on water, and since honey is heavier than water,
wax will float on the honey too. The problem is that the honey that
goes through the solar melter probably won't taste that great. So, before
rendering the honey soaked wax, put it back on the hive for a while.
The bees will clean up the honey and leave the wax behind (I put the wax
on top of the inner cover, with an empty super or something holding up
the outer cover. This is a *GOOD* way to spread American Foulbrood, so it
is
best to feed the honey back to the colony it came from) The wax that comes
out
of the melter still needs to be cleaned bofore making candles with it (a
beeswax crafting book can tell you how - Bob Berthold just wrote a nice
one).
This cleaning process will remove any honey, bee parts, pollen, etc. that
didn't get separated by the initial melting process.

Also, refer to the FAQ (don't know if it is archived yet - e-mail me
and I'll forward you a copy) - there is a reference to hint sheets
available
from Andy Nachbaur - there is one on solar wax rendering.


****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion, and not my employer's or anyone else's.

In article <9407260857.PN06539@LL.MIT.EDU>,
killoran@ll.mit.edu (Mike Killoran) wrote:

> 
> Question from someone who started their hive this spring:
> 
> My bees tend to build comb where I don't want it.  This is 
> normally hanging off the bottom of the frames and occasionally
> between the frames.  When there wasn't too much of it, I'd 
> scrape it off with my hive tool and leave it on the ground.
> 
> Last weekend, when I was adding another super (;->) I took out
> the queen excluder I had in place.  There was alot of extra 
> space due to the frame of the excluder and the bees had built
> comb both above and below the wire grid.  The comb on top was 
> capped honey and the comb below had brood of various stages.
> 
> I scraped both types into two plastic food containers, 
> respectively.  The capped honey comb I just squished with a
> fork and left the container on an incline for ~1 hour to 
> separate the wax and honey...  mmm, mmm good!  Now I'm left
> with mostly empty comb.  The larvae filled comb on the other
> hand, I'm not sure what to do with.
> 
> I've seen plans for a solar wax renderer but don't see exactly
> how they work.  It seems like the comb (containing honey, brood,
> etc.) is placed on a screen in the sun.  The wax melts and drips
> down to a collecting pan.  But wouldn't the honey drip down too?
> This seems like a good way to separate the brood, though.
> 
> I don't want to waste the wax the bees worked so hard to make.
> Perhaps I'll use it for candles...  but a candle filled with
> different stages of bee brood might only be interesting to a
> beekeeper!
> 
> Any insights or pointers in this area would be helpful!  Thanks,
> 
> 	Mike Killoran
> --
> Mike Killoran                            Zen says:
> killoran@ll.mit.edu                  Cease to do evil,
> (617) 981-2667                        Try to do good.


From rshough@tasc.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:08 EDT 1994
Article: 647 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What do I do about skunks?
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: Tue, 26 Jul 1994 13:27:21 -0500
Organization: TASC
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NNTP-Posting-Host: rshough.read.tasc.com

In article <313bm1$66o@news.doit.wisc.edu>, nmrdb@vms.macc.wisc.edu
(BEVERLY SEAVEY) wrote:

> This morning there were a lot of my bees by the door of the hive, all uupset.
> I had noticed skunk smell all night. In the ABC to XYZ book, it says that
> skunks eat bees!!! How do I get rid of these skunks?

A couple of tricks I have heard about, but have not had to test out myself:

1) Put the hives on taller hive stands, so the skunks can't reach. I would
guess that this has a couple of problems - skunks can climb, skunks can be
rather tall when they stand on their hind legs, it can be hard to remove
supers from the top of the hive.

2) Place something in front of the hive that the skunks will not walk on.
I've heard of driving nails through a board so they protrude from the back
side, and then leaving the boards, nails up, in front of the hive. Knowing
me, I would forget about the darn board, and step on it myself! I'm not
sure
if it works, but I've heard that some animals don't like to walk on chicken
wire when it is laid flat on the ground.

3) Put up a fence around the hives. This can be a lot of work, and skunks
can dig, so the fence needs to go below the surface a bit.

4) Sprinkle liberal amounts of pepper, or other hot spice on the ground
in front of the hive entrance. The theory on this one is that the skunk
will walk on the pepper, get pepper on it's paws, and get some of the
pepper
when it eats the bees. "Hmm, these bees don't taste so good..." and the
skunk leaves your bees alone.

5) Trap the skunk & move it elsewhere. This one has certain obvious risks.

As I said above, I can't vouch for the effectiveness of any of these,
but I'm sure others will have some comments of their own!

Oh yah - I almost forgot the relatively sure fix - a rifle.

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion, and not my employer's or anyone else's.


From adent@Deakin.Edu.Au Mon Aug  8 12:45:09 EDT 1994
Article: 648 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adent@Deakin.Edu.Au (ADRIAN GRAHAM DENT)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: help!!!!
Date: 2 Aug 1994 05:21:15 GMT
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Message-ID: <31kl4b$l11@sol.ccs.deakin.edu.au>
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From physikv@phys.canterbury.ac.nz Mon Aug  8 12:45:10 EDT 1994
Article: 649 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: physikv@phys.canterbury.ac.nz (Kumar)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Requeening by putting in queen cell?
Date: 2 Aug 1994 12:11:29 GMT
Organization: University of Canterbury
Lines: 33
Message-ID: <31ld5h$65i@cantua.canterbury.ac.nz>
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NNTP-Posting-Host: newton.canterbury.ac.nz
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]

Rick Hough (rshough@tasc.com) wrote:
: In article <owen-2207942243440001@sales.rsnz.govt.nz>, owen@rsnz.govt.nz
: (Owen Watson) wrote:

: > Has anyone tried the method of requeening by putting an-almost-ready queen
: > cell on the frames, and letting supersedure take place?

: I don't think this will work in a queen-right hive. I would think that the
: existing queen would kill the queen in the cell before she ever emerges
: (this is the way it works when a colony raises emergency queens to replace
: a "lost" queen - the first queen to emerge runs around & chews holes in the
: sides of all the other queen cells - the workers then finish the job by
: pulling the pupa out of the cell and discarding it outside the hive).

: This would be a good way to requeen a colony if you first eliminated the
: old
: queen, although you may want to place more than one queen cell, just in
: case
: you damage one "installing" it.

This method of requeening is quite frequently used by commercial
beekeepers in New Zealand, with claims of a 70-80% success rate. The
cells are protected on the sides with tape, ensuring that the pupa
inside has a chance to at least emerge. The cell does not need to be
placed in the brood chamber - often it is placed in a super (with no
excluder being used). 

It is an attractive idea from a labour-saving, "leave-it-alone" point of
view, but I don't know how accurate the success rate really is, or
whether anyone has ever done a controlled experiment. My only attempt
with this method resulted in a swarm in the last month of Summer...

Kumar


From rohvm1.mah48d@rohmhaas.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:11 EDT 1994
Article: 650 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Nntp-Posting-Host: 136.141.220.39
Date: Tue, 2 Aug 1994 12:30:15 -0400
From: rohvm1.mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: na
Subject: Re: Question about making beewax candles
Message-ID: <rohvm1.mah48d-020894123000@136.141.220.39>
References: <311471$26s@homer.mdd.comm.mot.com> <rshough-260794100519@rshough.read.tasc.com>
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 23

In article <rshough-260794100519@rshough.read.tasc.com>, rshough@tasc.com
(Rick Hough) wrote:

> In article <311471$26s@homer.mdd.comm.mot.com>, jong@mdd.comm.mot.com
> (Edward Jong) wrote:
> >
> > When making beeswax candles, is it advisable to mix some
> > parafin as well?  Any suggestions for candle making.
>
> Addition of parafin will increase the chances that the candle will
> drip. Also, once you add parafin, you can't sell your candles as
> 100% beeswax. I am not aware of any advantages of adding parafin,
> other than parafin is cheap.
>

I have the impression that candle crafters consider 100% beeswax candles to
be a bit extravagant (after all, they use mostly parafin), and thus use it
primarily as a minor additive.  We, on the other hand, have access to lots
more beeswax than they do.  We can afford the luxury of pure beeswax
candles.  Go for it!

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From rohvm1.mah48d@rohmhaas.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:12 EDT 1994
Article: 651 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Nntp-Posting-Host: 136.141.220.39
Date: Tue, 2 Aug 1994 12:35:14 -0400
From: rohvm1.mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: na
Subject: Re: What do I do about skunks?
Message-ID: <rohvm1.mah48d-020894123520@136.141.220.39>
References: <313bm1$66o@news.doit.wisc.edu> <rshough-260794132721@rshough.read.tasc.com>
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 24

In article <rshough-260794132721@rshough.read.tasc.com>, rshough@tasc.com
(Rick Hough) wrote:

> In article <313bm1$66o@news.doit.wisc.edu>, nmrdb@vms.macc.wisc.edu
> (BEVERLY SEAVEY) wrote:
>
> > This morning there were a lot of my bees by the door of the hive, all uupset.
> > I had noticed skunk smell all night. In the ABC to XYZ book, it says that
> > skunks eat bees!!! How do I get rid of these skunks?
>
> A couple of tricks I have heard about, but have not had to test out myself:
>
> 1) Put the hives on taller hive stands, so the skunks can't reach. I would
> guess that this has a couple of problems - skunks can climb, skunks can be
> rather tall when they stand on their hind legs, it can be hard to remove
> supers from the top of the hive.

According to what I've read, the advantage of raising the hive to about 18
- 24 inches is that the skunk has to stretch upward to hassle the hive,
leaving his underbelly exposed to the bees.  Apparently they're much more
effective there than trying to get through his back fur.

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:13 EDT 1994
Article: 652 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Subject: June 1994 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
Message-ID: <terry-dahms.3.00104DB3@uiowa.edu>
Keywords: newsletter june 1994 iowa
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Date: Tue, 2 Aug 1994 22:18:06 GMT

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ps: sorry for the delay in posting.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                    THE BUZZ                     JUNE, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       STATE APIARISTS REPORT
          What  a  fantastic spring for the bees we have  had!   You  can
       expect lots of swarming if you have not managed the bees properly. 
       It is time to start thinking about getting supers on your colonies
       and  preparing  for the harvest.   That brings up the  Iowa  State
       Fair.  Get involved this year.  Enter some of your best product in
       the apiary division or perhaps cook something with honey to  enter
       in the food division.  It doesn't matter whether your bees produce
       dark or light honey, liquid or comb honey,  beautiful beeswax or a
       nice observation beehive.  There is a class for everyone.
          Think  about putting in a bid for selling honey or  beeswax  at
       the Iowa Honey Producers Association Salesbooth at State Fair.  We
       could really use good quality product and at the same time promote
       our favorite industry or hobby.
          I  am finding the Varroa mite in many places around  the  state
       this year.  Beware of this mite and treat if you have them.   Time
       is running out to treat this spring,  if not already past in  most
       areas of the state.   The black locust trees are blooming now (May
       23rd)  and some sweet clover is starting to bloom here in  central
       Iowa.   This is the time of year to put on supers for the bees  to
       store surplus honey.
          In  June  there  are local beekeepers meetings  being  held  in
       Marshalltown,  Iowa  City  and  Davenport.   For  specific  dates,
       places,  and times consult the "Calendar of Events."   These are a
       great opportunity to compare notes and see how other beekeepers do
       things.  Why not pick one closest to you and attend it?
          If  you want to be on a list of beekeepers wanting to  retrieve
       swarms or need bees inspected before July 1st,  give me a call  at
       (515) 281-5736.                     - Bob Cox

       CENTRAL IOWA BEEKEEPERS MEETING
          The Central Iowa Beekeepers Association (CIBA) will hold  their
       summer  meeting  at the Anson Park Shelter House  in  Marshalltown
       June 18th at 5:30 p.m.   A member appreciation meal will be cooked
       and  served  by CIBA board members for continued  support  of  the
       membership.   The program will follow at 6:30 p.m.  featuring  Bob
       Mitchell, Tim Laughlin and Bob Cox (Mo, Larry and Curly?)
       For further information contact Margaret Hala (515) 752-2981.


       IOWA SUMMER BEEKEEPING FIELD DAY
          Saturday,  July 23rd the Iowa Honey Producers and Central  Iowa
       Beekeepers  Association  will hold a beekeeping field day  at  the
       Riverside Bible Camp near Story City,  Iowa.   The camp is located
       just  2  miles  off  of  I-35  about  20  miles  north  of   Ames.
       Registration is at 8:30 a.m. and the program will last until 4:00.
          Dr.  Marla Spivak of the University of Minnesota  Bee  Research
       Laboratory will present a program on queen management: finding and
       evaluating the queen, queen selection, breeding,  rearing methods,
       replacement and introduction methods.  Everyone attending will get
       a  copy of the new disease booklet published by the University  of
       Minnesota.
          The morning will start out with a walking tour of bee plants on
       the  grounds.   Breakout sessions in the  afternoon  will  include
       choices  of  Comb  Honey Production,  Pollen  Trapping,  Beginning
       Beekeeping, or Bee Diseases and Pests.
          The  camp  setting is a great place for  beekeepers  and  their
       families.   There  is  a beeyard with  a  screened-in  observation
       building  on the property.   Some of the talks and lunch  will  be
       held  in  an  air-conditioned  retreat  center.   Pre-registration
       ($4.00  for  single  or family) is required for  a  prepared  meal
       ($5.75  per  adult) or you could bring your own lunch and  eat  at
       picnic  tables outside.   To register fill out the form on page  9
       and  send in with your check for the registration and  meal.   The
       registration fee at the door is $5.00.
          For further information contact Bob Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa
       Department of Agriculture, Wallace Building, Des Moines,  IA 50319
       (515) 281-5736 or Gordon Powell, 4012 - 54th St.,  Des Moines,  IA
       50310 (515) 278-1762.

       SCOTT COUNTY BEEKEEPERS FIELD TRIP
          Thurday,  June 16th at 6:00 p.m.  the Scott  County  Beekeepers
       Association  will  hold  a  beekeeping field  trip.   Meet  at  Al
       Gruber's  beeyard  at  1945 Wisconsin St.  on  the  west  side  of
       Davenport.
          This  will be a hands-on experience in the beeyard or  you  may
       want  to watch.   Anyway,  bring you own hat,  beeveil  and  other
       personal gear if you have it.   However,  come even if you do not,
       because we will have some extra equipment for you to use.
          We will identify queens,  swarm cells,  and other aspects of  a
       bee  colony.   We will demonstrate how to make splits and  requeen
       colonies  and when to place supers on colonies for  surplus  honey
       production.  Hopefully, we will not have a rainstorm again.
       DIRECTIONS:   Turn north on Wisconsin Street off of Locust,  1 1/4
       miles east of I-280.  Come and bring a friend.
       For further information contact Ray & Jo Whitwood (319) 263-0992.

                                HONEY OF A VERSE

       "John  did baptize in the wilderness,  and preach the  baptism  of
       repentance for the remission of sins...  And John was clothed with
       camel's hair, and with a girdle of a skin about his loins;  and he
       did eat locusts and wild HONEY"  (Mark 1:4,6)
       NOSEMA  IN  HONEYBEES by Carol Fassbinder  (Hawkeye  Science  Fair
       Winner)
          In the past four winters the winter kill rate for honeybees  in
       Iowa  has  been 50-75%.   In my science fair project I  wanted  to
       determine if Nosema disease is a contributor to such a high winter
       loss.   I  predicted  that the colonies  that  were  treated  with
       Fumadil-B will have little or no Nosema spores, and survive winter
       better than the colonies that were not treated.

       Procedure:   I tested 8 different yards (averaging 26 colonies per
       yard)  and gathered a 25-bee sample from each.   Yards #1  and  #2
       were  treated with Fumadil-B and winter-wrapped,  #3 and  #4  were
       treated and not wrapped,  #5 and #6 were not treated but  wrapped,
       and  #7 and #8 were not treated  and not wrapped for  winter.   At
       each yard I recorded the number of living colonies in the  spring. 
       I then dissected the bees by removing the head,  then grasping the
       stinger  end  of  the abdomen, and gently  removing  the  insides. 
       After removing the insides from 25 bees, the gut,  ventriculus and
       honey stomach were ground up with 25 millilters of water (1 ml per
       bee) with a mortar and pestle.   I used a wire loop to transfer  a
       small amount of this solution onto the hemocytometer for  counting
       the  number  of Nosema spores.   Under a 430  power  microscope  I
       counted  the Nosema spores in 80 small squares on a  special  grid
       and used a mathematical formula to calculate the correct number of
       spores per bee and the level of infestation.

       Results:   The Nosema infestation is displayed in Table 1 and  the
       winter survival rate is shown in Table 2 on page 4.   In yards  #1
       and  #2  (Fumadil  & wrapped) the average spore  count  was  1,667
       spores  per bee,  and they had an average winter survival rate  of
       85%  and the amount of dysentery was extremely low.   In yards  #3
       and #4 (Fumadil but not wrapped) there were 24,834 spores per  bee
       and  they had an average winter survival rate of 85% and  was  not
       much  dysentery dtectable at these yards.  In yard #5 and  #6  (no
       Fumadil but wrapped) the average spore count was 66,665 spores per
       bee,  and 83% winter survival raate and there was a fair amount of
       dysentery on the outside of the hives, but the inside of the hives
       were still clean.   In yards #7 and #8 (no Fumadil & not  wrapped)
       the  spore  count  was  152,667 spores  per  bee,  with  only  31%
       surviving winter and dysentery covering the front of the hives, as
       well as the inside of the hives.

       Conclusions:   It  appears  that  if  the  bees  are  either  well
       protected for winter by wrapping or treated with Fumadil-B,  their
       winter survival is reasonable.   However, if the bees are  neither
       treated  with Fumadil-B,  nor protected by wrapping,  they do  not
       survive  winter well.   I conclude that winter protection is  more
       important  than  treating  with Fumadil-B (because  of  the  added
       expense).   If  the bees are not protected,  then  treatment  with
       Fumadil-B is essential.  Since other factors play a part in winter
       survival, more reasearch needs to be done.  (Carol is a 7th grader
       at  Valley  Community  School and daughter  of  Robert  and  Kathy
       Fassbinder , commercial beekeepers from Elgin, Iowa.)


























       Figure 1 - Number of Nosema      Figure 2 - Winter survival rate
       spores per bee in the spring     in the spring of 1994 after
       of 1994 after colonies were      colonies were treated with 
       treated with Fumadil (3+4),      Fumadil-B or wrapped or both
       wrapped (5+6), both (1+2) or     or neither.
       neither (7+8).
                               CALENDAR OF EVENTS
       JUNE         
       13           Eastcentral Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. in
                     basement   of   Montgomery  Hall,   Johnson   County
                     Fairgrounds, Iowa City
       16           Scott County Beekeeping Field Day 7:00 p.m. at Al
                     Gruber's beeyard, 1945 Wisconsin St. in Davenport.
       18           Central Iowa Beekeepers Dinner & Meeting 5:30 p.m. 
                     at Anson Park Shelter House in Marshalltown. 
                     Program at 6:30
       25           IHPA Board Mtg. 1:00 p.m. at Royal Cafe in Huxley.
       JULY
       13-15        Eastern Apicultural Society Annual Conference in
                    Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Contact Maryann Frazier
                    telephone: (814) 865-4621.

       23           IHPA/CIBA Summer Field Day at Riverside Church Camp,
                    Story City,  Iowa.   Contact Gordon Powell or Bob Cox
                    for further details.
       NOVEMBER     
       11-12        Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown.
                           WHAT TO DO ABOUT SWARMING
       (Reprinted from the Alaska newsletter - By Dr.  Clarence Collison,
       Mississippi State University)
          Swarming  is  an instinctive desire of  honeybees  to  increase
       their  numbers  by reproducing at the colony  level,  giving  them
       twice  the chance to survive.   While this behavior is  not  fully
       understood, several factors contribute to the swarming impulse.
          The  major  factor  is congestion in the brood  area  which  is
       related  to population size and availability of  space.   Swarming
       also  is  associated  with  the  production  and  distribution  of
       chemicals  secreted  by the queen.   When there is a  shortage  of
       these secretions (queen substance),  the bees make queen cells  in
       preparation for swarming or supercedure (a natural replacement  of
       an established queen by a daughter in the same hive).
          Swarming  also may be modified by the weather.   When  colonies
       are strong and developing, good weather following some bad weather
       seems  to  accentuate  the swarming  fever.   Other  factors  that
       contribute to swarming include poor ventilation,  a failing queen,
       heredity  and  an  imbalance  in the  makeup  of  the  worker  bee
       population.    Most  swarming  occurs  during  April  and  May  in
       Mississippi, and you need to check the colonies every 8 to 10 days
       during this season.  The presence of queen cells in the brood area
       is  the  first  indication the colony is  preparing  to  swarm  or
       supercede  its queen.   Swarm cells are commonly found on or  near
       the  bottom  bars  of the combs in  the  upper  brood  chamber(s). 
       Whereas supercedure queen cells are generally found on the face of
       the comb.
          To  check  quickly  for swarm cells,  tip back  the  top  brood
       chamber(s) and look up between the frames,  destroy all (unsealed)
       swarm  cells.   Unfortunately,  cutting  out  queen  cells  seldom
       prevents  swarming;  it  only delays it  since  the  bees  usually
       construct  more  cells in a few days.   Once the bees  succeed  in
       capping a queen cell, they are committed to swarming.
       (Tennessee Apiculture March-April 1991)
          I am not hard hearted--some of the time but I have a hard  time
       feeling  sorry for people who allow their bees to swarm when  they
       don't  watch their bees.   July is our usual swarming time.   This
       year the first swarm was reported June the 5th.   Caging the queen
       first  week  of July to prevent swarming won't work as  well  this
       year due to the fact that the bees are swarming early.  It will do
       the other jobs in to brood rearing, etc., that I write about.
          Cutting out queen cells--my way of saying it--it is a waste  of
       time.   Why?   Because even experienced beekeepers miss  them  and
       when  the bees have their jogging shoes on cutting out cells  will
       not stop them, just slow them down a few days.  Separate the brood
       from  the queen by an excluder and give an uppper  entrance.   Let
       them swarm but stay in the hive.

       FOR SALE:  queen excluders, Kelley 33-frame extractor,  sump tank,
       1"  pump,  Dadant Wax melter, Cowen uncapper,  2 - 3000 gal.  S.S.
       corn syrup tanks,  and more.  Call days (608) 568-7601 or evenings
       (608) 748-4706.
                                        
       ESPY APPOINTS NEW MEMBERS TO NATIONAL HONEY BOARD
          Mike  Espy,  U.S.  Secretary  of  Agriculture,   appointed  two
       producer members,  one exporter member and one cooperative  member
       as  well  as alternates for each position to  the  National  Honey
       Board.   The new members'  three-year terms commenced April 1  and
       expire on March 31, 1997.
          H. Binford Weaver, Navasota, Texas, was reappointed to serve as
       producer member representing Region 5 (Al, AR, LA, MS, MO, OK,  TN
       and TX).   Bobby E.  Coy, Jonesboro, Arkansas was appointed as the
       alternate for Weaver.
          Stephen  A.  Conlon,  Proctor,  W.V. was appointed to serve  as
       producer member representing Region 7 (CT, DL, DC, IL, IN, KY, ME,
       MA,  NH,  NJ,  NY, NC, OH, PA, RI, SC, VT, VA, and WV).   David E.
       Hackenberg,  Lewisburg,  PA  was appointed as  the  alternate  for
       Conlon.
          John (Doug) McGinnis,  Edgewater,  FL was appointed to serve as
       exporter member.  Robert E. Coyle, Bellevue, WA, a honey importer,
       was appointed as the alternate for McGinnis.
          Newly appointed members of the nominating committee are:  Jerry
       A.  Brown,  Haddam, KS; Glenn E. Davis, Blue Springs, MO;  Todd D.
       Larson,  Billings,  MT; Joann M. Olstrom, Reedsport,  OR;  Glen R.
       Wollman,  Parker,  SD; Donald J. Kohn, Withee, WI;  and Charles D.
       Hannum, Arlington, VA.
          Reappointed  for three terms on the nominations committee  are:
       Reg G. Wilbanks, Claxton, GA; Donald T. O'Neill, Baton Rouge,  LA;
       Jacob C.  DeKorne, Ellsworth, MI; Darl B. Stoller,  Latty,  OH and
       Stephen H. Dilley, Nashville, TN.

       FRANK PELLETT, APICULTURE PIONEER, REMEMBERED
          An excellent article about the Hyssop honey plant,  a member of
       the mint family, by Ayers and Widrlechner was published in the May
       1994  American Bee Journal.   In this article quite a  mention  of
       Frank  Pellett  was made with respect to his work  on  this  honey
       plant. The following is quoted from this article:
          "Because of his extensive writing on the subject, Frank Pellett
       (1879-1951),  more  than  anyone else, created  a  place  in  U.S.
       apicultural history for A. foeniculum (anise hyssop).  Mr. Pellett
       was a well respected apiculturist.  He was the Iowa State Apiarist
       between 1912 and 1917,  a Field Editor of the American Bee Journal
       for  many  years,  and  then  an  Associate  Editor  of  the  same
       publication, a position he held until the end of his life.  He was
       instrumental in the pioneering research on American foulbrood.  He
       initiated and operated the American Bee Journal's Honey Plant Test
       Gardens  at  Atlantic,  Iowa.   He  was  a  careful  observer  who
       published  books  on  the history of  American  beekeeping,  queen
       rearing,    practical   beekeeping,   horticulture,   botany   and
       ornithology (Anonymous,  1951), but he is probably most remembered
       by today's beekeepers for his magnum opus,  American Honey Plants,
       which he revised several times through his life (1920, 1923, 1930,
       and  1947).   His proclamations about bee forage in  general  (and
       anise   hyssop  in  particular)  demanded  the  respect   of   the
       apicultural industry."  (Anonymous. 1951. Frank Pellett 1879-1951.
       American Bee Journal 91:234-237).
                        1994 SUMMER BEEKEEPING FIELD DAY

              Iowa Honey Producers & Central Iowa Beekeepers Assn.
                                        
                              Saturday, July 23rd

                    Riverside Bible Camp, 3001 Riverside Rd.
                              Story City, IA 50248
                              Phone (515) 733-5271

       Meeting Pre-registration                     $4.00       $________
       (Deadline - July 16)
                                     At the door    $5.00       $________
       (No prepared meal available if not pre-registered)**

       Noon meal*  in air-conditioned bldg.         $5.75       $________
                      Through age 3   - No charge
         Children:    Ages 4 - 10 yrs - $3.00
                      Ages 11 and up  - full price

       *  Includes  soup,  salad,  BBQ  sandwich  &  chips,   bread/roll,
       coffee/milk/coolaid

       ** Picnic tables outside if you would rather bring your own lunch.


       1994 MEMBERSHIP DUES:
       Iowa Honey Producers Association             $5.00       $________

       Central Iowa Beekeepers Association          $4.00       $________

                                                        =================

                                                        TOTAL   $________


       MAKE CHECK PAYABLE TO:  IOWA HONEY PRODUCERS ASSN.

       SEND CHECK AND FORM TO:     Gordon Powell
                                   4012 - 54th St.
                                   Des Moines, IA 50310
                                   (515) 278-1762


       NAME______________________________________________________________

       ADDRESS:__________________________________________________________

       CITY:____________________STATE_________________ZIP________________

       PHONE(____)_______________________No. of colonies_________________

       4/05/94


From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:15 EDT 1994
Article: 653 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Subject: July 1994 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers newsletter
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Keywords: newsletter iowa july 1994
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Date: Tue, 2 Aug 1994 22:22:59 GMT

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                    THE BUZZ                     JULY, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                              PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE
       Dear Fellow Beekeepers,
          I think it is 1988,  but my age tells me it is 1994.   The bees
       up  until now look just like they did in 1988.   In April and  May
       the bees built up like they are suppose to do.   I think they look
       great.   Our queens were accepted just like they should be in  our
       new splits and even as we were requeening.   The bees were able to
       work  the dandelions this year,  as they haven't been able to  the
       past three to four years.   There was plenty of pollen and  nectar
       for them and the queens started laying real well.
          I  talked  to several other people that ordered two  and  three
       pound  packages  the middle of April, and the first of  June  were
       putting  on  honey supers.   The bees I have looked  at  the  post
       couple  of days were putting honey into the cells as fast  as  the
       brood  was hatching.   We have to be careful not let them plug  up
       their  brood chambers and crowd the queen out of laying space.   I
       feel that this can cause swarming.
          We  had a nice rain a few days ago,  maybe about two inches  or
       so.   This  should keep the flowers blooming for  the  bees.   The
       weather has been great this spring.  It's a refreshing change.
          Don't forget the Central Iowa/Iowa Honey Producers Field Day on
       July  23rd at the Riverside Bible Camp north of Story City.   This
       should be a fun day for the family.
          State Fair is just around the corner,  too.   It is not as  far
       off  as  it may seem.   Start planning to enter into  the  Apiary,
       Foods  made with Honey or Honey-Walnut Classic competition at  the
       fair this year.   There is great fun in doing this and prize money
       also.  An entry form for Apiary has been included on page 7.

       SCOTT COUNTY BEEKEEPERS ANNUAL PICNIC
          Sunday,  July  10th at 1:00 p.m.  the Scott  County  Beekeepers
       Association  will hold their annual picnic at the Duck Creek  Park
       Shelters on East Locust Street in Davenport,  Iowa.   A collection
       will  be  taken up to pay for fried chicken  catered  from  Riefes
       Restaurant.   You should bring a side dish,  salad or  dessert  to
       share and your own drink and table service.
          Come,  bring  a friend and compare notes on this  year's  honey
       crop.   Bring a small sample of liquid, creamed, or comb honey for
       others to taste.  Maybe this could be a time to make plans to take
       some of the best honey to the state fair in Des Moines in August.
       REMINDER TO ALL BEEKEEPING FAMILIES
          Help promote our favorite product--HONEY!   Bring your favorite
       honey-sweetened snack to the July 23rd Beekeeping Field Day at the 
       Riverside Bible Camp, Story City, Iowa.  Share a tasty honey treat
       with us.  See the program for the meeting on page 3.

                                         (insert Leo's signature)

       LAPLANDERS HONEY CONFERENCE
          Friday,  September  9th,  the Laplanders  Honey  Conference  of
       Southern Iowa and Northern Missouri will be held in Allerton, Iowa
       at the "Inn of the Six Toed Cat."   Dinner will be held at 6  p.m.
       and the program at 7 p.m.
          The  following day,  Saturday,  September 10th at 10  a.m.  the
       Honey-Walnut Classic will also be held at the "Inn"  in  Allerton. 
       Look for more details in next month's newsletter.

                               CALENDAR OF EVENTS
       JULY
       13-15        Eastern Apicultural Society Annual Conference in
                    Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Contact Maryann Frazier
                    telephone: (814) 865-4621.

       23           IHPA/CIBA Summer Field Day at Riverside Bible Camp,
                    Story City,  Iowa.   Contact Gordon Powell or Bob Cox
                    for further details.
       AUGUST
       11-21        Iowa State Fair Apiary Exhibit, 2nd Floor of
                    Agriculture Building.  Come see the best!

       SEPTEMBER - NATIONAL HONEY MONTH
       10-11        Laplanders Honey Conference 6:00 p.m. the 10th and
                    Honey Walnut Classic 10 a.m. the 11th both at the
                    Inn in Allerton, Iowa.

       NOVEMBER     
       11-12        Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown.

       WANTED:   Contact  with  beekeepers who  collect  and  market  Bee
       Pollen.  We are examining the nutritional qualities of pollen from
       various crops,  as well as seeking suitable quantities for use  in
       our Raw Food products. Contact Raja Tamaran, Vital Health Network,
       P.O. Box 570, Kealakekua, Hawaii 96750 phone: (808) 328-8052 
       FAX (808) 329-7651.
       FOR  SALE:   Dadant 4-frame stainless extractor with  motor  (will
       handle  8 shallow frames) - $250;  40 gal.  galvanized  tank  with
       2-inch gate - $50; 12 shallow supers with comb - $5.00 ea.; 7 deep
       supers with frames, 2 smokers, 2 bee veils, electric uncapper.  My
       beeyard was destroyed by fire.  Contact Don Kraus, Box 275, Britt,
       IA 50423 phone: 515-843-3133.
       FOR  SALE:   Dadant 4-frame s/s extractor.  Hand  crank  or  power
       drive.  $125 w/out the motor.  Call Phil Ebert in Lynnville,  Iowa
       515-527-2639.
       STATE APIARISTS REPORT
          Please sign up to help in the State Fair Honey Booth this year. 
       It's a great way to spend a part of a day.  (see sign-up on p. 6)
          The number of swarms this year must be at least double that  of
       last year.  I am running that far ahead on bee swarm calls here in
       my office.   I think this year has caught a lot of beekeepers  off
       guard  after  last year's slow and poor build  up.   You  couldn't
       hardly split your bees enough this spring.
          Stan Weiser told me of the following incident that  illustrates
       how  frustrated  he  became  with trying to  stop  a  colony  from
       swarming.  Stan had been reversing the hive bodies, making splits,
       and cutting unsealed swarms cells to prevent swarming of his dozen
       or  so colonies in his back yard near Adel.   Despite all this  he
       watched  one of his colonies swarm one morning a couple  of  weeks
       ago.  It landed in the top of an evergreen tree in his yard, about
       30 feet off the ground.   It made him so angry that he got out his
       20 gauge shot gun and shot the swarm out of the tree.   As soon as
       the swarm was hit,  it dropped to the ground like lead.   Then the
       bees  dusted themselves off and all went back into the  hive  from
       which they issued.  Believe it or not!  (Explanation? Stan figures
       that he killed the queen and the demoralized swarm simply returned
       home.)
          Field inspectors will be starting in July and August.   We  are
       delaying inspections in the early summer so that we can save hours
       to  inspect  more  next  spring.  I  have  been  inspecting  those
       requesting it,  mainly in central and eastern Iowa.   We will have
       the  same  inspectors as last year working in the  same  counties,
       with  the exception of Bob Wells, who retired last July  1st.   If
       you  would  like your bees inspected,  contact my  office  in  Des
       Moines.  (State Apiarist, Iowa Dept. of Agriculture, Wallace State
       Office Building, Des Moines, Iowa 50319  phone: 515-281-5736)
          Beekeepers who have treated their colonies with Apistan  strips
       have  been getting a clean bill of health with respect  to  Varroa
       mites.   So far this year the highest levels of Varroa mites  have
       been  found in bees where the beekeeper was not aware that he  had
       Varroa yet.  Plan on treating with Apistan as soon as the honey is
       harvested from your colonies to avoid losses due to Varroa  mites. 
       Check  any weak colonies for signs of American  foulbrood  disease
       (i.e.  sunken,  perforated,  greasy, darkened cappings over  brood
       with a "melted-down",  gooey, chocolate-brown mass underneath  the
       capping).   These must be dealt with promptly to avoid  spread  to
       neighboring healthy colonies.
          The beekeeping class taught at the Des Moines Botanical  Center
       will conclude this month with the final field trip to the  beeyard
       to harvest honey (hopefully) and extract some honey to take  home. 
       We will meet at the beeyard Saturday,  July 16th at 10:00 a.m.  so
       that we can get done before its too hot.
          Don't  forget the IHPA/CIBA Beekeeping Field Day July  23rd  at
       the Riverside Bible Camp near Story City.   It should be a fun day
       for all the family.   The meeting place is air-conditioned.   Save
       time and a dollar by preregistering now on the form on page 9.  We
       are really looking forward to Dr. Spivak's presentation as well as
       the rest of the program.
       A LAND OF MILK AND HONEY
             While driving through the Wisconsin countryside I saw a sign
       on  the  side of a barn with the slogan "Bee Udderly  Cool,  Drink
       Milk  and Eat Honey."   Many consumers today have an  even  better
       idea--eat honey-sweetened ice cream.  Ranking 8th in the nation in
       milk production and around 15th in honey production,  Iowa is also
       "A  Land  Flowing  with  Milk and Honey"  (Bible  -  Exodus  3:8). 
       Several  years  ago the Iowa Honey Producers Association  got  the
       idea  to sell a small serving of honey-sweetened ice cream at  the
       State Fair Salesbooth as a way of promoting this use of honey,  as
       well as the use of honey in general.  
             Several  other state beekeeping organizations in  the  upper
       Midwest were selling honey ice cream and thought it was a  winner. 
       For  example,  Nebraska Honey Producers were contracting with  the
       University of Nebraska for producing several flavors of honey  ice
       cream, both soft and hard.
             Nebraska  State Apiarist,  Marion Ellis,  offered to let  us
       purchase  some  of their mix, but transportation  during  the  hot
       summer  seemed a problem.   We then contacted several  large  Iowa
       Dairies about making us a small batch for our needs at State Fair.
       Anderson-Erickson (A-E) Dairy of Des Moines seemed to be the  most
       interested  and the most convenient because the State Fair is also
       located  in Des Moines.   In order to taste the honey  flavor,  we
       felt  it  was important to keep the flavors simple,  so  we  tried
       Honey-Vanilla  and Honey-Almond premium ice cream.   We  contacted
       the   National   Honey  Board  who  provided   technical   support
       (commercial recipes,  etc.).  The Iowa Honey Producers Association
       provided a nice light-colored,  mild-flavored clover honey for the
       manufacture of the ice cream.
             The  first  two years we sold out the 7000 servings  of  ice
       cream before the end of the Fair.  Many people said they loved the
       ice  cream  and asked where they could purchase more  of  it.   In
       fact, the second year we collected signatures on a petition asking
       A-E Dairy to offer this for sale in the local grocery stores.
             In  1992,  A-E  Dairy decided to  produce  honey  ice  cream
       commercially using Iowa Honey Producers Honey.  In spite of delays
       due  to  the new nutrition labelling  requirements,  Honey  Almond
       premium  all-natural ice cream will be available to super  markets
       in  their  marketing  area by July 1st according  to  David  Bush,
       general manager, A-E Farms, Inc.
             Additionally,  A-E  Dairy  is teaming up  with  Sioux  Honey
       Association of Sioux City,  Iowa in a joint venture to develop and
       market honey-sweetened light ice cream.  Test marketing will begin
       this summer according a June 1st Des Moines Register article.
             Honey-sweetened yogurt,  dairy spreads and juice blends  are
       also on the drawing board.  Initial ice cream flavors will include
       honey-vanilla,    chocolate,    oatmeal-raisin    cookie    dough,
       mint-chocolate truffle,  honey-almond and peanut-butter cup.   The
       product will be in pints in the "super premium" category.
             We hope that the proposed products will be a big success and
       that the promotional efforts will pay off in a greater consumption
       of  honey  in  our area, increased business  opportunities  and  a
       better image of honey by the public.
                        1994 SUMMER BEEKEEPING FIELD DAY

              Iowa Honey Producers & Central Iowa Beekeepers Assn.
                                        
                              Saturday, July 23rd

                    Riverside Bible Camp, 3001 Riverside Rd.
                              Story City, IA 50248
                              Phone (515) 733-5271

        8:30 a.m. Registration - $5.00 for individuals or family (at the
                   door)  Sign up for door prizes.
                  Preregistration (before July 16)  $4.00.

        9:00 a.m. Bee Pasture Walking Tour                   Jim Cherry

        9:45 a.m. COFFEE BREAK with honey-made snacks that you bring.
                   (door prizes)
       10:00 a.m. IHPA President's Welcome                 Leroy Kellogg

       10:05 a.m. CIBA President's Welcome                   Arvin Foell

       10:10 a.m. Queen management Lecture -            Dr. Marla Spivak

       11:00 a.m. Demonstration of Queen management in the beeyard

       12:00 M    LUNCH
                   (door prizes)
        1:00 p.m. Concurrent Sessions
                  A.  Beginning Beekeeping (beeyard)             Bob Cox
                  B.  Pollen trapping                         Jim Cherry

        1:45 p.m. Concurrent Sessions
                  A.  Beginning Bee Diseases & Pests             Bob Cox
                  B.  Comb Honey Production (beeyard)       John Johnson

        2:30 p.m. BREAK
                   (door prizes)
        2:45 p.m. Minnesota Research Update             Dr. Marla Spivak

        3:15 p.m. Hot Topics in Beekeeping             Panel of Speakers

        4:00 p.m. ADJOURN

       FARM AUCTION:   July 16th at 9:00 a.m.  at the Bob & Phyllis  Gott
       residence, RR 1, Box 72, west of Ollie, Iowa.  FOR SALE: s/s honey
       extractor,  s/s bottling tank, 2 large s/s tanks,  honey strainer,
       uncapping knife,  5 gal. plastic buckets, bee blower,  foundation,
       new frames in box and other misc. beekeeping and farm equipment.
       DIRECTIONS:   From Iowa Hwy.  78 turn north 2 miles west of  Ollie
       Jct.  at the Golden Furrow Fertilizer Plant.   Go 1 mile north and
       1/8  mile  west  to home on the south side of  the  road.   Follow
       "Auction" signs.  For more info. call Phyllis at 515-667-3611.
       FOR  SALE:   7  2-story bee hives plus misc.  equipment.   Contact
       Raymond and Jo Whitwood in Muscatine, Iowa at 319-263-0992.
       FOR  SALE:   Dadant Gasoline-powered bee  blower.   Contact  Edwin
       Richardson,  2103  E.  156th St.  South,  Grinnell  50112.   (515)
       236-6034.
       FOR SALE:  Moving--must liquidate bee operation. 175 2-story hives
       - $50 @; 350 Illinois supers - $6.50 @; 40 shallow supers - $40 @;
       honey crop from 175 colonies - $40 @;  60-70 deep boxes (some w  &
       some w/o frames) - $2 @; 40-50 shallow supers (some w & some w/out
       frames) - $1.50 @; 1 box deep foundation - $135;  2 boxes Illinois
       foundation  - $140 @;  1 box cut-comb foundation $140;  Dadant  20
       frame stainless extractor - $1600; stainless capping tank -  $200;
       50 gal. stainless holding tank; other misc. beekeeping equipment -
       $400 = $21,000 for Complete Bee Operation.   Contact Keith &  Gail
       Rhodes in Fairfield, Iowa (515) 469-6628.

                    PECAN HONEYBALLS (A.B.F. contest recipe)
          1 cup butter or margarine      1/2 teaspoon salt
          1/4 cup honey                  2 teaspoons vanilla
          2 cups sifted flour            2 cups finely chopped pecans

       Cream butter; add honey gradually; add flour, salt & vanilla. Mix
       well.  Add chopped nuts & mix well.  Form into very  small  balls.
       Place on greased cookie sheet and bake in 300  oven 40-45 minutes.
       Roll hot honeyballs in powdered sugar and repeat when cool.




























       OBSERVATION HIVES--A REAL LEARNING EXPERIENCE 
          During  my eight years experience as a beekeeper,  much of  the
       factual   knowledge   I've  gained  has   come   from   magazines,
       newsletters,  bee  meetings  and talking  with  other  beekeepers. 
       Recently I've added my observation hive to that list of sources of
       bee  information.   It has been a good learning experience for  me
       and can be for you if you decide to purchase or build one.
          In  my  small operation,  the observation hive gets  used  more
       every year.  It's been used for a demonstration in kindergarten, a
       children's  sermon at church,  at the Iowa State Fair,  two  craft
       shows,  and at Cattle Congress in Waterloo.   When at home,  it is
       found  by the window in the guest bedroom.   My wife and son  look
       forward  to it's appearance every year.   The glass-sided hive  is
       really valuable when retailing honey at a craft show, because it's
       a good attention getter.
          Observation  hives give the opportunity to watch bee  behavior. 
       Bees can be seen filling the cells with nectar,  depositing pollen
       and propolis,  feeding each other and taking care of the queen and
       brood.   The queen provides most of the excitement  by  depositing
       eggs in the brood nest.
          The Iowa State Fair is a place to "show-case" observation hives
       in  the apiary division.   This year's fair is August 11-21.   The
       rules  for this class state that the observation hive must have  a
       standard size frame on the bottom for brood and a shallow frame or
       comb  honey  section frame above,  with bees and a  marked  queen. 
       Observation  hives must be built with adequate ventilation or  the
       bees  will  overheat  and  die in the  Ag  building  with  no  air
       conditioning.   They must also have a closeable opening  to  allow
       the bees to exit the hive.
          Extra prize money is available for the first 15 places in  this
       class at state fair.   If you need assistance or plans to build an
       observation hive, I would be happy to assist you.
       (from  Summer  1994  Central  Iowa Beelines  and  written  by  Tim
       Laughlin)

       HONEY BEES AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION
          Several  recent  discussions across Internet  computer  network
       about bee-collected propolis and pollen have concluded that  honey
       bees are excellent samplers of their environment.   This has  both
       good  and  bad aspects according to one of the  pioneers  in  this
       field,  Dr.  Jerry Bromenshenk, University of Montana.  Here are a
       couple  of  his "take home" messages concerning these  insects  as
       environmental monitors as they appeared in May Apis newsletter:
       1. Honey  bees  serve  as multi-media samplers  that  average  the
       concentrations of pollutants over time and throughout large areas. 
       Bees   sample  contaminants  in  all  forms  -  gaseous,   liquid,
       particulate  - and can detect chemicals in their  surroundings  at
       levels often difficult,  if not impossible,  to detect using  more
       conventional approaches - i.e. instrumentation.
       2. Most  of  the  contamination  (at least  as  indicated  by  the
       concentrations measured) ends up in the bees themselves and in the
       pollen.   Some  chemicals concentrate in  wax.   Generally,  honey
       seems to be less contaminated than pollen, bees, or wax.
                       1994 IOWA STATE FAIR WORK SCHEDULE

        Please  indicate the day(s) and time(s) that you are  willing  to
        work by writing your name(s).  Also,  fill in your name,  address
        and phone number at the bottom of the page.

        THURSDAY, AUGUST 11              TUESDAY, AUGUST 16
        9:00-1:30____________________    9:00-1:30____________________
        1:30-6:00____________________    1:30-6:00____________________
        6:00-9:00____________________    6:00-9:00____________________
        10:00-2pm____________________    10:00-2pm____________________
                 (Handing out samples)            (Handing out samples)

        FRIDAY, AUGUST 12                WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 17
        9:00-1:30____________________    9:00-1:30____________________
        1:30-6:00____________________    1:30-6:00____________________
        6:00-9:00____________________    6:00-9:00____________________
        10:00-2pm____________________    10:00-2pm____________________
                 (Handing out samples)            (Handing out samples)

        SATURDAY, AUGUST 13              THURSDAY, AUGUST 18
        9:00-1:30____________________    9:00-1:30____________________
        1:30-6:00____________________    1:30-6:00____________________
        6:00-9:00____________________    6:00-9:00____________________
        10:00-2pm____________________    10:00-2pm____________________
                 (Handing out samples)            (Handing out samples)

        SUNDAY, AUGUST 14                FRIDAY, AUGUST 19
        9:00-1:30____________________    9:00-1:30____________________
        1:30-6:00____________________    1:30-6:00____________________
        6:00-9:00____________________    6:00-9:00____________________
        10:00-2pm____________________    10:00-2pm____________________
                 (Handing out samples)            (Handing out samples)

        MONDAY, AUGUST 15                SATURDAY, AUGUST 20
        9:00-1:30____________________    9:00-1:30____________________
        1:30-6:00____________________    1:30-6:00____________________
        6:00-9:00____________________    6:00-9:00____________________
        10:00-2pm____________________    10:00-2pm____________________
                 (Handing out samples)            (Handing out samples)

        NAME:________________________    SUNDAY, AUGUST 21
                                         9:00-1:30____________________
        ADDRESS______________________    1:30-7:00____________________
                                         10:00-2pm____________________
        _____________________________             (Handing out samples)

        PHONE(_____)_________________

                                         RETURN TO:
                                         W. John Johnson
                                         RR 4, Squaw Valley
                                         Ames, IA 50010


From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:16 EDT 1994
Article: 654 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!cis.ohio-state.edu!magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!hobbes.physics.uiowa.edu!news.uiowa.edu!news.weeg.uiowa.edu!drone.weeg.uiowa.edu!terry-dahms
From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Subject: May 1994 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers newsletter
Message-ID: <terry-dahms.2.00102456@uiowa.edu>
Keywords: newsletter
Lines: 427
Sender: news@news.weeg.uiowa.edu (News)
Nntp-Posting-Host: drone.weeg.uiowa.edu
Organization: Weeg Computing Center
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]
Date: Tue, 2 Aug 1994 22:08:24 GMT

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       sorry for the delay in posting.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                     THE BUZZ                     MAY, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       HANDLING BEE PROBLEM CALLS
          Spring  is the time when insects become active and some of  the
       insects   cause  people  problems.    Beekeepers,   pest   control
       operators, bee inspectors, county extension, ASCS, police and fire
       department  personnel may all receive telephone  calls  concerning
       "bees"  causing problems.  Many of these situations do not involve
       honey bees.
          Problems  range  from bees digging burrows in  the  garden,  to
       angry  hornets,  to a large scale honey bee hive spill  due  to  a
       truck wreck.   Your first job in fielding this type of call is  to
       determine,  as best as you can, if it is an emergency because bees
       are stinging people and what type of insect is involved.
          The best way, if it is an emergency or you are close by and you
       have the time, is to go over and check out the situation yourself. 
       However,  that  is  not  often  possible  and  you  should  gather
       information over the phone.  Ask about the location of the caller,
       the appearance of the insect, the number of insects,  the location
       of the bees'  activity or nest and the appearance of the nest,  if
       they can see it.
          If  there  has  been a highway accident with  honey  bee  hives
       spilled  out on the road,  call a fire department to come  to  the
       scene  with  water and hoses.   The fire department needs  to  add
       liquid soap or film forming foam to the water and spray bees  down
       with this solution.   A solution of at least 3% soap or foam  will
       knock bees down and kill them.  A fine spray is most affective for
       clearing the air of bees and making it safe to rescue victims from
       the wreckage.
          The  time  of the year will give you a clue as to the  type  of
       insect.   Generally  most  calls in the spring  and  early  summer
       involve swarms of honey bees. These may be either hanging from the
       limb  of  a tree or nesting inside a tree or inside  the  wall  or
       soffit  of a home or other building.   If their combs are  visible
       you will notice that they hang vertically.  About 3/4 of the calls
       that  come into the State Apiarists office here  involved  problem
       bees or wasps inside structures and the remainder are free hanging
       swarms of honey bees.
          The free hanging swarms (clusters) of bees that are low to  the
       ground (up to 10 feet) are valuable to some beekeepers, especially
       in  the month of May.   Most beekeepers do not feel that  removing
       colonies  of  bees from inside structures is a profitable  use  of
       time.   But occasionally,  there is a beekeeper who will remove  a
       colony of bees from a building for a fee.
          If  you determine that the caller has honey bees,  call one  of
       the beekeepers listed on the cover of THE BUZZ located nearest  to
       you  to obtain name of beekeeper in your local area.   The  county
       ASCS  office may also have names and phone numbers  of  beekeepers
       registered for pesticide notification in your county.
          Honey  bees do not often swarm after July.   Therefore most  of
       the calls in late summer and fall involve yellow jacket wasps  and
       hornets.   Hornets make a gray paper nest the shape of a  football
       that  hangs from the limb of a tree.   The nest  contains  several
       horizontally  stacked  paper  combs  connected  by  pedestals  and
       covered by several paper envelopes. An individual hornet is  black
       in appearance with white markings and is larger than a honey bee.
          Yellow  jackets range in size from smaller than a honey bee  to
       as  large  as a hornet and have bright yellow and  black  stripes. 
       Their  paper  nests are inside a structure like  honey  bees,  but
       unlike honey bees, some species may also nest underground.  If the
       nest  is visible,  you may see several layers of outside  covering
       like  the hornet nest and horizontal combs hanging by one or  more
       pedestals.  Some  of these colonies may  contain  several  hundred
       thousand individuals.   These insects are the ones that ruin  your
       picnics  in the late summer and fall.   They like anything  sweet:
       your  peanut butter and jelly sandwich,  soda pop or fruit.   They
       also eat insects and forage on car grills, eating the dead insects
       deposited there while driving.
          If  you  determine that the caller has yellow jacket  wasps  or
       hornets, it is best to refer them to local pest control operators.

       SUMMER BEEKEEPING FIELD DAY
          Saturday,  July 23rd the Iowa Honey Producers and Central  Iowa
       Beekeepers  Association  will hold a beekeeping field day  at  the
       Riverside Bible Camp near Story City, Iowa.   There is easy access
       to  the  camp which is located just 2 miles off of I-35  about  20
       miles north of Ames. Registration is at 8:30 a.m.  and the program
       will last until 4:00.
          The  University  of  Minnesota  Bee  Research  Laboratory  will
       present a program on queen management:  finding and evaluating the
       queen, queen selection, breeding, rearing methods, replacement and
       introduction methods.   Everyone attending will get a copy of  the
       new disease booklet published by the University of Minnesota.   We
       are planning on door prizes and honey-made snacks that you bring.
          The morning will start out with a walking tour of bee plants on
       the  grounds.   Breakout sessions in the  afternoon  will  include
       choices  of  Comb  Honey Production,  Pollen  Trapping,  Beginning
       Beekeeping,  or Bee Diseases and Pests.  We will finish up the day
       with a research update from the University of Minnesota and a "Hot
       Topics" question and answer session.
          The  camp  setting is a great place for  beekeepers  and  their
       families.   There  is  a beeyard with  a  screened-in  observation
       building  on the property.   Some of the talks and the  noon  meal
       will    be   held   in   an   air-conditioned   retreat    center. 
       Pre-registration  is required for a prepared meal or you may bring
       your own lunch and eat at picnic tables outside.
          For  more  information contact one of  the  committee  members: 
       Margaret Hala,  Leo Stattelman, Margaret Hala, Gordon Powell,  Jim
       Cherry or Bob Cox.
                                        
       TO DO IN THE BEEYARD
          SWARM  PREVENTION - Because the colonies that survived  are  so
       full of brood, you will need to split colonies,  equalize brood or
       make   two-queen  colonies  to  prevent  swarming   this   Spring. 
       Reversing  the  two  hive bodies when the top box  fills  up  with
       brood,   honey  and  bees  will  also  help  discourage  swarming.
       Prevention is the key!
       CAUTION:  Cutting out sealed queen cells may result in a queenless
       colony and will not usually stop swarming anyway; it's too late.
          MAKING INCREASE - Early in the month you can still make  splits
       to  replace  winter losses and increase the  number  of  colonies. 
       Make them a little larger now (e.g. 6-7 frames of brood).
          CHECK  FOR  VARROA & FOULBROOD - ignoring these will  not  make
       them go away.

       CALENDAR OF EVENTS
       MAY 7-8      Queen Rearing Short Course, University of Minnesota
                    St. Paul Campus, Call Dr. Spivak at (612) 624-2275.
       JUNE         
       11           IHPA Board Mtg. 1:00 p.m. at Royal Cafe in Huxley.
       13           Eastcentral Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. in
                    Montgomery  Hall,  Johnson County  Fairgrounds,  Iowa
       City
       18           Central Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 6:30 p.m. at Royal
                    Cafe in Huxley.
       JULY
       13-15        Eastern Apicultural Society Annual Conference in
                    Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Contact Maryann Frazier
                    telephone: (814) 865-4621.

       23           IHPA/CIBA Summer Field Day at Riverside Church Camp,
                    Story City,  Iowa.   Contact Gordon Powell or Bob Cox
                    for further details.
       NOVEMBER     
       11-12        Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown.

       NEW NHB HONEY RECIPE FOLDER
          A  new brochure (depicted on the front cover) published by  the
       National Honey Board teaches cooks how to "make magic in  minutes"
       with honey.  The three-color, eight panel brochure is a collection
       of  quick and easy tips for adding honey to  dressings,  desserts,
       drinks,  sauces and spreads.  Recipes vary from broiled bananas to
       lemonade to Dijon tarragon sauce.  As the brochure cover explains: 
       it's  easy  to drizzle,  to dabble, to sizzle,  to dazzle  --  use
       honey.  For a free sample of the "Make Magic in Minutes" brochure,
       send a self-addressed, stamped envelope to:   National Honey Board
       Magic, 421 - 21st Ave., Ste. 203, Longmont, CO 80501.   Quantities
       are available for 15 cents each.
       HAWKEYE SCIENCE FAIR AWARDS
          The  state-wide Hawkeye Science Fair was held April 8-9 at  the
       Merle Hay Mall in Des Moines.  Two science fair projects involving
       honey bees deserve special recognition.
          Carol Fassbinder,  7th grader of Valley-Elgin school,  had  the
       best honey bee project and received a $50.00 award.   In addition,
       she  placed 2nd overall in the 7th grade Biology division.   Carol
       studied  the  effect of treating for nosema disease  and  wrapping
       colonies on winter survival of honey bee colonies belonging to her
       family.   Carol is the daughter of commercial beekeepers  Bob  and
       Kathy  Fassbinder of Elgin,  Iowa.  A research article about  this
       project will appear in the June BUZZ.
          Kristin  Burgess,   10th  grader  from   Stuart-Menlo   school,
       received  a  $25 award for her interesting project  entitled  "The
       Smelling  Bee".   She obtained worker honey bees from  Ken  Lappe,
       beekeeper from Casey,  to test the bees'  preference for different
       fruit  odors.    She  constructed a simple  olfactometer  and  her
       testing  revealed that the bees most often preferred the pear  and
       least  often to the orange and the apple in between when  given  a
       choice.

       EASTERN APICULTURE SOCIETY SHORT COURSE AND CONFERENCE
          The  annual  EAS short course and conference will  be  held  in
       Lancaster, Pennsylvania July 11-15.  The short course will offer a
       choice  of beginning beekeeping or beekeeping as a  business  July
       11,  12 and the morning of the 13th.   The conference will be held
       during the balance of the week.   Other activities include a  tour
       of  Dutch Gold Honey packing business and Kitchen Kettle  Village,
       located in an Amish community.
          Speakers for the conference include:   Andrew Matheson  (IBRA),
       Jim Tew (USDA), William Towne, David Fletcher,  Clarence Collison,
       Cliff Sunflower,  and Theodor Cherbuliez;  Master Beekeeper & M.D.
       on Apitherapy.   Workshop highlights include presentations by  Kim
       Flottum on "Generating Good Public Relations for Your  Association
       or Business"  and "Writing the Perfect Newsletter,"  Tom McCormack
       on  marketing,  Dennis  Keeney on backyard  queen  rearing,  Cliff
       Sunflower  on developing effective school programs and much,  much
       more.
          For  more  information  on  the  conference  and  short  course
       including  a  registration form and copy of  the  program,  please
       contact:
               Joe Duffy                           Maryann Frazier
               309 Clivden Street       or         Dept. of Entomology
               Glenside, PA 19038                  501 ASI Bldg.
               (717) 885-1681                      Univ. Park, PA 16802
                                                   (814) 865-4621

       EAST CENTRAL IOWA BEEKEEPERS MEETING
          Monday  March  14 the East Central Iowa Beekeepers met  at  the
       Fairgrounds  in  Iowa City.   The 14 members present  reported  an
       average of 33% winter loss out of 186 hives collectively.
          An  announcement  was  made  about  Paul  Goossen  teaching   a
       beekeeping  class  at  the Amana Middle School  in  Middle  Amana.   
       This is an 8-week course taught through Kirkwood Community College
       and beginning April 9th at 9:00 - 11:00 a.m.
          Dave  Irwin  lead a discussion about participating  again  this
       year at the Johnson County Fair. It was the consensus of the group
       to  set up a table again with an observation bee hive if the  fair
       board will give permission and to hand out honey candy.
          Cleo   Troyer   brought  a  video  entitled   Controlling   Bee
       Emergencies  to show to the group.   The group watched  the  video
       which was produced for fire departments to instruct them on how to
       handle an overturned truck load of bee hives or nuisance colonies.
          The  evening ended with the members attempting to  assemble  an
       observation bee hive that President,  Terry Dahms,  had purchased. 
       The  next meeting meeting is scheduled for June 13th at 7:00  p.m.
       in  the  basement  of  Montgomery  Hall  at  the  Johnson   County
       Fairgrounds  in  Iowa City.   Anyone interested in  beekeeping  is
       invited.

       NEW UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA VARROA RESEARCH
          New  research  from The University of Georgia may  support  the
       notion  that secondary pathogens compound damage to  bee  colonies
       from  Varroa mites.   Experimental colonies infested  with  Varroa
       mites  were  treated  with  various  combinations  of   Terramycin
       antibiotic  and  Apistan miticide.  Each  product  increased  body
       weight   of  mature  hive  bees  of  mixed  ages.    Additionally,
       Terramycin increased body weight of newly-emerged bees.
          Reduced  body weight is one of the best documented  effects  of
       Varroa  mites on honey bees,  and low body weight is linked  to  a
       shortened lifespan.   Since Terramycin counteracted this  negative
       effect,  supplemental antibiotic treatments,  along  with  Apistan
       miticide, may optimize benefit to Varroa infested colonies.
       (from January 1994 APIS newsletter, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville)

       BAKERS WILL GET SWEET SURPRISE IN WELBILT BREAD MACHINES
          Purchasers  of Welbilt bread machines will soon get a bonus  --
       the  National  Honey  Board's "Breads &  Spreads"  brochure.   The
       brochure includes recipes for Honey Whole Wheat Bread,  Poppy Seed
       Loaf,  Dutch Dill Bread and Cajun Tomato Bread.  Honey spreads are
       highlighted  in  the brochure as delectable toppings  for  breads,
       muffins and rolls.  The Welbilt Corporation inserted the brochures
       in 100,000 of its bread machines.
          "I  tried  all  of  the recipes myself  and  the  results  were
       delicious"  said Mary Humann,  marketing director for the National
       Honey Board.   Humann added that the bread recipes were  developed
       especially for the Welbilt machines -- adjustments to the  recipes
       may be required when they are used with other machines.
          The  Honey  Board  has  a limited  quantity  of  bread  machine
       brochures available.   If you would like a free copy,  please send
       your request to:
             Bread Machine Brochure
             National Honey Board
             421 - 21st Ave., #203
             Longmont, CO 80501

                              HONEY BARBECUE SAUCE
                            1/2    cup minced onion
                              1    clove garlic, minced
                              1    tablespoon vegetable oil
                              1    can (8 oz.) tomato sauce
                            1/2    cup honey
                              2    tablespoons vinegar
                              2    tablespoons minced parsley
                              1    tablespoon Worcestershire sauce
                            1/4    teaspoon black pepper
                            1/8    teaspoon cayenne pepper

       Saute  onion  and  garlic in oil until  softened.   Add  remaining
       ingredients and bring to boil;  reduce heat and simmer 5  minutes. 
       Makes 1 cup.   Marinate beef, chicken or pork in sauce.   Brush on
       meat during barbecuing or broiling.

       Quick tip:   Add 1/4 cup honey to 1 cup of your favorite  prepared
       barbecue sauce.

                           HONEY HERB BARBECUE SAUCE
                            1/2    cup honey
                            1/2    cup minced onion
                            1/4    cup dry white wine
                              1    tablespoon   each  lemon   juice   and
                                    chopped fresh rosemary*
                              1    clove garlic, minced
                                   Salt and pepper to taste

       Combine  all  ingredients in saucepan and bring to  boil.   Reduce
       heat and simmer 5 minutes.  Makes 1 cup.   Marinate chicken pieces
       at  least  1/2 hour before barbecuing or broiling;  brush  chicken
       with sauce during cooking.

       *One teaspoon dried crushed rosemary may be substituted.


                              HONEY LIME MARINADE
                            3/4    cup honey
                            2/3    cup fresh lime juice
                              1    tablespoon grated fresh ginger root
                              2    teaspoons minced garlic

       Combine all ingredients;  mix well.   Makes 1-3/4 cups.   Marinate
       chicken  or  turkey cutlets at least 1/2 hour before  grilling  or
       broiling; brush cutlets with marinade during cooking.
       (Recipes courtesy of the National Honey Board)






       IOWA HONEY PRODUCERS BOARD MEETING NEWS
          The board of directors of the Iowa Honey Producers  Association
       met  March  12th in Cambridge.   Highlights  included  planning  a
       summer field day,  the decision to sell honey lemonade instead  of
       honey  ice cream this year at the Iowa State Fair and  selling  of
       the  new  National  Honey  Board's  honey  cookbook.    These  new
       cookbooks are available now through the mail and will be available
       at the Summer Field Day in July (see article elsewhere in BUZZ).
          John  Johnson asked for more help for staffing the  State  Fair
       Salesbooth again this year.   Note was also made that the Fair  is
       one week earlier than in recent years.  Bid sheets for honey sales
       will  be  published  in  the June BUZZ  newsletter  and  the  work
       schedule sign-up in the July issue.
          The next meeting of the board is scheduled for Saturday June 11
       at 1:00 at the Royal Cafe in Huxley.

       CLEO TROYER OF KALONA DIES

          Cleo  Troyer,  just  10 days shy of  his  70th  birthday,  died
       Tuesday,  April 19 at University of Iowa Hospitals in  Iowa  City. 
       Cleo had surgery for a brain tumor at the end of March and  seemed
       to be doing fine when he died suddenly.   His funeral was April 22
       at the Lower Deer Creek Mennonite Church near Kalona, where he was
       an active member.  The church is large and was packed with  family
       and friends.
          Cleo  was  a  long time beekeeper and was active  in  the  East
       Central  Iowa Beekeepers.  He will be remembered for the  help  he
       gave  to  us less experienced beekeepers and  his  enthusiasm  for
       beekeeping.   At past meetings he had demonstrated a  bee  removal
       vacuum he purchased,  a home-made video on beekeeping that starred
       himself, and at the March 14 meeting a video on bee emergencies he
       had purchased.  We will miss him. 
          For  a  combined total of 26 years he was either  on  the  City
       Council  or  mayor of Kalona.  In a Cedar Rapids  Gazette  article
       about Cleo,  a resident was quoted as saying Cleo knew where every
       line,  every  pipe  was  in Kalona,  along  with  the  history  of
       everything.  At  his funeral service, many were  wiping  eyes  and
       blowing noses.  The community of Kalona will dearly miss him too!
                                - Terry Dahms
                                  President, East Central Iowa Beekeepers

       FOR SALE:   Approx.  75 - 5 11/16"  honey supers with drawn  comb,
       fair condition $2.00 each.  Approx. 50 - 5 11/16"  honey supers w/
       and w/o frames and no comb, good condition $1.00 each.  Empty deep
       supers  (shells),  fair  condition $1.00  each.   Several  hundred
       unassembled 9 1/8" and 5 3/8" frames, grooved top bars.  Plus lots
       of misc. equipment.  Will sell cheap.  Great for a beginner.
       Call (712) 589-3606 in Braddyville, Iowa.

       FOR SALE:  CLOVER HONEY IN BARRELS OR PAILS.  
       CALL Lapp's Bee Supply Center.  1-800-321-1960


       WARNING!!
          The following warning was sent to Bob Cox, Iowa State Apiarist,
       by Mississippi's State Apiarist, Harry Fulton.  
          Russell Apiaries,  J.N.  Russell proprietor,  of Bolton,  MS is
       advertising  in  national bee magazines but is  not  certified  in
       Mississippi.   The  owner is refusing inspection.   Packages  from
       Russell  Apiaries  should not be purchased for  shipment  to  Iowa
       because it would be an illegal shipment.  Additionally, these bees
       may  be  carrying  diseases or parasites damaging  to  your  other
       colonies and your neighbor's.


                               A HONEY OF A VERSE

       "The sluggard will not plow by reason of the cold; therefore shall
       he beg in harvest, and have nothing." (Proverbs 20:4)

       It's time to be in the beeyard preparing your bees to make honey.




































From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:17 EDT 1994
Article: 655 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!ukma!jobone!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!yeshua.marcam.com!MathWorks.Com!news.duke.edu!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!panther.Gsu.EDU!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!hobbes.physics.uiowa.edu!news.uiowa.edu!news.weeg.uiowa.edu!drone.weeg.uiowa.edu!terry-dahms
From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Subject: August 1994 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers newsletter
Message-ID: <terry-dahms.5.0010740D@uiowa.edu>
Keywords: august 1994 iowa newsletter
Lines: 427
Sender: news@news.weeg.uiowa.edu (News)
Nntp-Posting-Host: drone.weeg.uiowa.edu
Organization: Weeg Computing Center
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]
Date: Tue, 2 Aug 1994 22:27:05 GMT

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                   THE BUZZ                     AUGUST, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       STATE APIARIST REPORT
          We now have two field inspectors working in the western part of
       the  state and the 12th of the month we will start  inspecting  in
       northeastern Iowa.  We are looking for an experienced beekeeper to
       inspect for about 6-8 weeks this fall and 6-8 weeks next spring in
       the northcentral,  central and/or the southeast part of the state. 
       The  beekeeper must reside in one of those areas to  qualify.   If
       you  are interested or have any suggestions for someone who  might
       be, give me a call at 515-281-5736.
          The  honey flow has slowed considerably since  June.   However,
       many beekeepers are reporting a good crop from clover already  and
       are hoping for some late flows from soybeans and wildflowers.  The
       southeast  part  of  the state looks to be  the  best,  especially
       considering  that  they have had almost no crop  for  four  years. 
       This is a good time of the season to take some of that nice  light
       colored honey off the hives and keep it separate.   The extraction
       process  is  much simpler with fewer robbing bees  and  the  honey
       temperature warmer.
          This  is also a good time to prepare products to enter  in  the
       State Fair.   All you need is six jars of honey,  sections of comb
       honey,  a frame of honey, a 3-pound chunk of beeswax, candles,  or
       an observation beehive to enter.   Fill out the entry form in last
       month's newsletter and send in with the nominal entry fee.  If you
       need help getting entries to the fair in Des Moines,  let me know,
       and I'll see if I can find someone else in your area who is coming
       to the fair.

       BOOK REVIEW: Almond Pollination Handbook by Joe Traynor
             You might ask why should an Iowa beekeeper be interested  in
       a handbook on almond pollination.  I'll give you two reasons.  1.)
       Many  of  the  principles of pollinating  almonds  also  apply  to
       pollinating  any  crop,  especially other tree  fruits.  2.)   The
       demand  for  honey bees to pollinate California  almonds  and  the
       opportunity  to earn some cash during an off-time of the year  may
       be attractive to some Iowa beekeepers.
             The book is divided into two sections, the first section for
       the  almond grower and the second for the beekeeper.   Topics  for
       the grower include:  orchard design for pollination, renting bees,
       pollination   management,   bee  removal  and   alternate   insect
       pollinators.   This section makes this book the ideal gift for  an
       orchardist  for  which  you are  currently  providing  pollination
       services  or  a prospective customer. A similar manual  for  fruit
       growers  in  Iowa (primarily,  apples and  some  cherries,  pears,
       plums, peaches and apricots) would certainly be valuable.
             The section written for the beekeeper covers topics such  as
       pollination agreements,  state regulations,  theft,  bee delivery,
       pesticides,  preparing colonies, bee removal, time and duration of
       bloom and grower-beekeeper communication.
             This  86-page handbook is well written and printed  on  nice
       glossy paper, well organized for easy reference, and has some nice
       color photography.  And last, but not least,  the price is right--
       $7.00  (which includes shipping and handling).   To obtain a  copy
       send a check to Kovak Books, P.O. Box 1422, Bakersfield, CA 93302.

       LAPLANDERS HONEY CONFERENCE
          Friday,  September  9th,  the Laplanders  Honey  Conference  of
       Southern Iowa and Northern Missouri will be held in Allerton, Iowa
       at the "Inn of the Six Toed Cat."  Dinner will be served at 6 p.m.
       and the program to follow at 7 p.m.
          "The Honey Market:  What's Out There?" will be the theme of the
       conference.   Lisa  Terry,  the 1994  American  Honey  Queen  from
       Northfield,  Minnesota,  will be one of the guest speakers for the
       evening.   Joining her will be Leon Metz,  honey packer from Hazel
       Green, Wisconsin.
          Do join us for dinner and for this timely program.  For further
       details  and  reservations  contact: Ann  Garber  515/872-3119  by
       Tuesday, September 6th.
          The  fourth  annual  Honey-Walnut  Classic  will  be  held  the
       following day,  Saturday,  September 10th at 10 a.m.  on the  east
       portico of the "Inn"  in Allerton.   This popular event honors the
       historic "Iowa-Missouri Honey War, 1838-1841."

       NATIONAL HONEY BOARD ANNUAL MEETING HELD
          The National Honey Board held its annual meeting in Denver June
       17.   The Board elected Neil Miller, Blackfoot, Idaho,  as its new
       chairman during the meeting.   Randy Johnson,  Nampa,  Idaho,  was
       elected  as vice president and Steve Klein,  Marshall,  Minnesota,
       was  re-elected  as  secretary/treasurer.   Two  additional  Board
       members,  Binford  Weaver,  Navasota,  Texas,  and  Larry  Krause,
       Riverton,  Wyoming, were elected to serve on the Board's Executive
       Committee.
          The  Executive  Committee  is responsible for  the  conduct  of
       duties  and  policies outlined by the National Honey  Board.   The
       Board administers an industry-funded national research,  promotion
       and  consumer  information  program  to  increase  domestic  honey
       consumption and U.S. honey exports.
          The board member's work at the meeting also included allocating
       funds  for the 1995 plan year.  "The Board will be  reviewing  the
       Committee's  work this fall,"  said Neil Miller,  chairman of  the
       National Honey Board.  "Before the Board spends a dime,  we review
       the  program plans to ensure that they uphold the Board's  mission
       --  to  support  a strong and viable domestic  honey  industry  by
       creating a dynamic marketplace for honey and honey products."
       4-H ESSAY CONTEST NEEDS ENTRIES (from June 1994 APIS newsletter)
          What does it take to get 4-Hers to sit down and write an essay? 
       That's  the  burning  question those at  the  American  Beekeeping
       Federation  (ABF)  and  myself are asking  after  looking  at  the
       results  of  last  year's 4-H essay contest.   Only  fifteen  (15)
       states  submitted  winners  and (Iowa) was  not  among  them.   In
       addition,  the vast majority of these states had only one  to  two
       entries to choose from.  There are three top cash prizes each year
       ($250,  $100 and $50),  plus the winner in each state is awarded a
       book on beekeeping.  This boils down to one fact:  there's a great
       opportunity to win something by simply entering!
          The  rules  for this year's contest have just  been  announced. 
       The topic this year is much different than from previous contests. 
       The  essayist  is asked to write an original story on  honey  bees
       suitable   for  a  teacher  to  read  to  second-grade   students. 
       Suggested titles include:   The Busy Little Bee,  I Like Honey,  A
       Trip to the Apiary, or My Friend,  the Beekeeper.   There's plenty
       of time to get a story together for this year's contest;  deadline
       is April 1, 1995! 
          Full contest rules are available from Bob Cox,  State Apiarist,
       phone 515-281-5736 or the ABF Office, phone 912-427-8447.

       A BEGINNER'S BAIT HIVES by Peter Coyle
          Having read in John Vivian's book,  Keeping Bees,  about  "bees
       for free,"  by placing bait hives in trees and then,  again in the
       Aebi's  book about their bait hives,  my Scottish  parsimony  took
       over.   Last year I made my first swarm trap and was excited  when
       some  scout  bees started sniffing around and into  it.   However,
       some  of  Walt Disney's beloved delinquent  squirrels  knocked  on
       wood, tasted it and found it good, wherein the bees departed.
          Unable  to  harass  my  bees during the  winter,  I  turned  to
       collecting on bait hives,  which being a novice in the  beekeeping
       game,  is  my substitute for knowledge.   I got  Cornell's,  "Bait
       Hives for Honey Bees"  by Seeley,  Morse and Nowogrodzki and could
       just  see  the bees rolling in.  Then there were the  articles  by
       Schmidt, Thoenes and Hurley, from the American Bee Journal,  which
       explained the importance of pheromone lures,  which I just knew  I
       had to have.   I could visualize all those winter clusters of bees
       over  half  of Iowa impatient to zoom into my traps.   However,  a
       catalog  price of twenty dollars for what they described as  being
       made of inexpensive material,  and what I gathered would only be a
       kind of paper mache, deep, brood box, sent me to the workshop with
       cardboard and thin plywood scraps to construct an alternative.
          I  had read that a volume roughly the size of a deep hive  body
       was  most  favored,   (although  recently  opinion  has  changed). 
       Climbing  ladders and trees with a full box of bees  required  the
       box to be as light as possible.   Everything I made had a coating,
       externally,  of  roof cement,  thinned with   mineral  spirits  to
       sicken  the squirrels off and I capped each hive with a  lid  made
       from   discarded   aluminum  soffit  to   keep   everything   dry. 
       Internally,  each had homemade rough frames of standard  dimension
       with  a waxed starter strip which would easily transfer to a  deep
       hive body.  I then sat and itched for Spring.
          The  last  week in April,  I was out with the  ladder  visiting
       friends who might have suitable spots in trees about ten to twelve
       feet  up,  with  morning  sun and afternoon  shade,  just  as  the
       literature suggested.   Now,  at the end of June, I have had three
       swarms from one hive and two from another,  with scout bees  still
       buzzing  around  the  emptied boxes.  The  first  swarm,  which  I
       weighed like a proud father,  was five and a half pounds and  made
       some nice comb honey for me.   The last one,  which was so big  it
       filled  the  whole  trap  and had a pound or  two  of  bees  still
       outside,  I  collected  in  a screened  box  using  a  funnel  and
       transferring  it  to a medium super of foundation  and  two  round
       section  supers  at  dusk,  feeling  exhilarated  beyond  measure. 
       However,  the next day, when I looked in the afternoon,  they were
       gone,  leaving  me as devastated as I had been  exhilarated.   Too
       late, I now have two homemade entrance guards.
          In  collecting one swarm which had started to build  comb  from
       the  bottom of the trap,  I missed the open sack on the end  of  a
       pole,  held  helpfully by my companion and neighbor,  Cheryl,  and
       brushed a couple pounds of less than happy bees on her head.  This
       made me more acquainted with the language of liberation.
          Two  other bait hives in suburbia have never had a  snifter  so
       far.  Perhaps in bee real estate the three most  important  things
       are location, location and location.
          My experience,  limited as it is, suggests that I should err on
       the  large  side with the boxes,  worrying less about  the  spaces
       around the frames, as the bees are unlikely to construct burr comb
       between  inspections,  although one swarm built comb  on  about  a
       third of nine frames in just a couple of days.
          The mistakes I made were very instructional, if humbling.   Ah,
       but just wait until next year.

       FOR SALE:  7 bee hives, two-story plus misc.  equipment.   Contact
       Raymond and Jo Whitwood, Muscatine. phone (319)263-0992.

       FOR SALE:  55-gallon drums $6.00 each; 20 or more $5.00 each.
       Call Harry Hunter in Des Moines at (515)266-1984.

       FOR SALE:  Stainless 8-frame extractor with Dayton electric motor,
       cappings  knife and misc.  supers, frames,  lids & boxes.   Asking
       $200/offer.  If interested call Des Moines at (515)270-8726, leave
       message if no answer.

       FOR  SALE:    Kelley  electric,  vibrating  uncapping  knife  with
       electric motor $175;  Kelley steam vibrating uncapping knife $125;
       Dadant electric stainless mini-melter $350; C.C. Pollen Co.  traps
       used only one season $30 each.   Call Monroe Neihart near Clarinda
       (712)582-3200.

       FOR SALE:  Qualitly Section Comb Honey in Cartons $1.90 each. Call
       Stanley Weiser, 2674 - 303rd Pl. in Adel. Ph: (515)993-3126.

       "Butter  and HONEY shall he eat,  that he may know to  refuse  the
       evil and choose the good."  (Isaiah 7:15)
                               CALENDAR OF EVENTS
       AUGUST
       11-21        Iowa State Fair Apiary Exhibit, 2nd Floor of
                    Agriculture Building,  State Fairgrounds,  Des Moines 
                    Open daily 9:00 a.m.- 9:00 p.m. Come see the best!

       SEPTEMBER - NATIONAL HONEY MONTH
       9-10         Laplanders Honey Conference 6:00 p.m. the 10th and
                    Honey Walnut Classic 10 a.m. the 11th both at the
                    Inn in Allerton, Iowa.

       12           Eastcentral Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. in
                    basement of Montgomery Hall, Johnson County
                    Fairgrounds, Iowa City

       15           Scott County Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. at Riefes
                    Restaurant, Locust St., Davenport.

       17           Central Iowa Beekeepers Meeting at Royal Cafe in
                    Huxley.  Buffet dinner at 5:30 p.m., Business Meeting
                    6:30 p.m. and Program at 7:30 p.m. (We will try again
                    to show the Bee Emergency Video.)

       NOVEMBER     
       11-12        Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown.


       FOR  SALE:   Home Study Course "Rearing Honey Bee  Queens  in  the
       Northern U.S."  (with manual and video tape) by Dr.  Marla  Spivak
       and Gary S. Reuter, the University of Minnestota.  $40.00  Contact
       Dept.  of Entomology,  University of Minnesota,  Hodson Hall,  St.
       Paul, MN 55108-6125 or call Dr. Spivak at (612) 624-4798.

       Dear Beekeeper Friends,
          I  am  writing this short announcement to let you know  of  the
       recent  loss of my father, Russell Stephenson of  Williams,  Iowa. 
       He died suddenly in his home on May 19th at the age of 77.
          As some of you know,  he sold his business,  "Stephenson  Honey
       Farms"  in 1993 and retired.  He loved the beekeeping business and
       being able to work in the outdoors.   He offered great  assistance
       and advise to several beekeepers and those interested in the field
       during  his life.   My father enjoyed talking to many of you  over
       the  years  and  sharing the constant cares and  concerns  of  the
       Midwest beekeeper.  [Editor:  I certainly enjoyed getting to  know
       Mr. Stephenson when inspecting his equipment for the sale.  He had
       an  efficient way to handle frames during the  extracting  process
       and  developed a unique way of removing excess moisture  from  his
       honey after it was extracted and checked his own bees for tracheal
       mites with his microscope.   He certainly applied his  engineering
       skills learned in his silo construction company to the  beekeeping
       business.]  Thanks for being a special part of my father's  life!! 
       He will be greatly missed!
                     -Thomas Russell Stephenson and The Stephenson Family
       OTHER INSECTS OCCUPYING BEE HIVES
             Sometimes   beekeepers  may  become  alarmed  or  at   least
       concerned about insects other than honey bees inside their  hives. 
       At times the beekeeper may see cockroaches, ants, beetles, spiders
       and  wax  worms  (moth larvae) occupying their bee  hives.   As  a
       general rule healthy,  populous colonies are not damaged by  these
       insect guests.
             Many  times wax moths are blamed for the death of  colonies. 
       This  is almost never the case in Iowa.   The wax moth larvae  are
       nature's clean-up crew after a colony dies.   This can actually be
       helpful  if  the colony died from American  foulbrood  disease  by
       reducing  the probability of spreading the disease to  neighboring
       colonies.   The best way to prevent damage to your combs after the
       colony  has  died is to keep an eye on your bees and pick  up  any
       empty hive equipment from the beeyard.   
             The primary problem beekeepers encounter is in storing empty
       beeswax comb, especially brood comb during the warm summer months.
       A few years ago several products were available for fumigating  or
       treating  stored beeswax combs.   These products are  designed  to
       kill insects, therefore fumigated combs should always be aired out
       for a few hours before placing them on the bees.
             Most    recently,    the   product   "Paramoth"    (PDB    -
       Paradichlorobenzene)  is  no longer available for  bee  equipment. 
       I've heard conflicting reports from beekeeping supply houses as to
       the fate of registration of this product for treatment of  beeswax
       combs.   One  story  is  that PDB is  a  carcinogen  and  EPA  has
       withdrawn  registration  for use on beeswax.   Another  beekeeping
       supply  dealer says they will have approval from EPA to  sell  PDB
       later this fall.
             Outside of using chemical products, combs can be placed in a
       deep  freezer  for a few days to kill any adult moths,  larvae  or
       eggs.   Additionally,  the moths do not like light or  fresh  air. 
       Therefore, storing combs in a way that they are exposed to both of
       these  elements  may be of some help.   Light colored  combs  from
       honey supers are pretty safe from the moths.
             Another  system that may work for you is to keep empty  comb
       stored  on  the colonies where the bees will keep  the  moths  out
       during  the  warm  months  (June,  July,  August,   September  and
       October).  Then, bring in empty equipment and store in an unheated
       building  for  the  winter  and  nature  will  give  them  a  cold
       treatment.

       Dear Iowa Honey Promoter:
          Along with getting your honey harvested,  it's time to plan  to
       promote  your  state's beekeeping or honey exhibit at  your  local
       fair  or  festival.   To aid in honey promotions  Media  kits  are
       available  from  the  National Honey Board  by  contacting  Sherry
       Jennings,  Industry  Relations Director at  (303)776-2337.   Media
       kits include: a story on pollination, newsreleases,  summer recipe
       tips and two new recipe leaflets -- "Bringing You Nature's  Bounty
       Is Our Line"  and "Make Magic in Minutes."   Use the media kit  to
       give  to local newspaper editors, television news shows and  radio
       stations the latest buzz on honey.
       BRINGING YOU NATURE'S BOUNTY IS OUR LINE -- Recipes from NHB.

                             Back to Nature Cookies

       1/2   cup shortening             1   cup honey
       2     eggs                       1   teaspoon vanilla
       1-3/4 cups whole wheat flour     1/2 teaspoon baking soda
       1/2   baking powder              1/4 teaspoon salt
       1     teaspoon cinnamon          2   cups quick-cooking oats
       1/2   cup chopped nuts           1/2 cup finely chopped apple
       1     cup raisins

       In a large mixing bowl,  cream shortening and honey until  fluffy. 
       Add eggs one at a time, beating well after each addition.  Stir in
       vanilla.   In  medium  bowl,  stir together  flour,  soda,  baking
       powder,  salt and cinnamon.  Add dry ingredients to honey mixture,
       beating  until smooth.   Stir in oats,  nuts,  apple and  raisins. 
       Drop  by  teaspoonfuls onto greased cookie sheets about  2  inches
       apart.  Bake at 350 F 10 to 12 minutes or until cookies are golden
       brown. Makes about 5 dozen.

                           Honey Pork Chops & Apples

                    6   pork loin chops (about 3/4-inch thick)
                        Salt, pepper and ground sage
                    2   Granny Smith or other tart apples
                    1   tablespoon butter or margarine
                    1/4 cup HONEY
                    6   Maraschino cherries (optional)

       Brown  chops  slowly in skillet; remove to  shallow  baking  dish.
       Season  chops with salt,  pepper and sage.  Core and slice  apples
       into 1/2-inch rings.  Add butter to skillet and saute apple  rings
       until  crisp-tender.  Place 1 apple ring on each chop.  Cover  and
       bake at 300 F for 30 minutes. Drizzle honey over apples and chops;
       baste  with drippings.  Cover and bake 15 minutes longer or  until
       pork is fully cooked. Place cherry in center of apple rings before
       serving. Makes 6 servings.

                     Honey-Kissed Fruit (Microwave Method)

                     1/4 cup honey      
                     1   teaspoon grated orange peel
                     2   fresh pears, pared, cored and halved
                     1   can (5-1/4 oz.) pineapple chunks, drained
                     1   cup each red and green grapes, halved, seeded

       Blend  honey  and  orange  peel;  set  aside.  Place  pears  in  4
       microwave-safe serving glasses; drizzle with honey mixture.  Cover
       each glass with plastic wrap;  vent. Microwave at HIGH (100%) 3 to
       5 minutes or until pears are tender. Combine pineapple and grapes.
       Divide evenly between servings and sprinkle over pears. Serve warm
       or cold. Makes 4 servings.
                             Honey Cloverleaf Rolls

                    1   package (16 oz.) hot roll mix
                    6   tablespoons honey, divided
                    1/4 cup butter or margarine
                    1   teaspoon grated lemon peel
                    1   cup sliced almonds

       Prepare   dough   according  to  package  directions,   adding   2
       tablespoons honey to liquid. Cover kneaded dough with bowl and let
       stand 5 minutes.  Melt butter and remaining honey;  stir in  lemon
       peel.  Roll dough into 36 balls (about 1 to 1-1/2 inch  diameter).
       Form clusters of three balls,  dip each in honey mixture and  then
       almonds.  Place each cluster in well-greased muffin cup.  Let rise
       30  minutes  or  until doubled in bulk. Bake at 350  F  15  to  20
       minutes  or  until lightly browned. Brush with honey  mixture,  if
       desired. Makes 12 rolls.

           Honey Cranberry Butter

       1   cup butter, softened
       1/4 cup HONEY
       1/4 cup chopped cranberries*
       1/4 cup cranberry sauce
       2   tablespoons ground walnuts
       1   tablespoon milk
       2   teaspoons grated orange
           peel

       Cream   butter  and  honey   in
       medium  bowl. Add  cranberries,
       cranberry sauce, walnuts,  milk
       and  orange  peel.  Whip  until
       light pink in color.  Serve  at
       room   temperature;  store   in
       refrigerator, tightly covered.

       *    Use   fresh   or    frozen
       cranberries,  if desired;  chop
       before thawing.












       New NHB recipe folder; see page 7 for recipes.


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:18 EDT 1994
Article: 656 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!zombie.ncsc.mil!MathWorks.Com!news2.near.net!usenet.elf.com!rpi!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Wed, 03 Aug 94 10:06:08 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 66
Message-ID: <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <sandrock.775502827@aries>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

I'm surprised that there isn't more concern about the "Empty Hive"
thread that has been going on the past few days.  The scenario was
that a hive died last year and now the owner is wondering what's
going on in the hive this season.  I've been keeping this to myself,
and have been watching others' responses/suggestions and have been
shocked that none has mentioned what poor beekeeping practice it
is to have not addressed the situation until now.  I know that it's
a newbie who has the problem and I realize it's the first exposure
the newbie has with keeping bees and we should be gentle.  So as
gently as I know how I have to ask, "What the hell have you been
doing that was so important that you haven't addressed the problem
until the end of July!?"  Oops, be gentle.
 
Disease is nothing to take lightly.  When a hives dies, a beekeeper
should first close up the hive to make it as inaccessible as possible
to other bees.  This should have been done as soon as it was sure the
hive was dead (was it February?).  Robber bees WILL show up if there
is honey left and if no honey is left then investigator bees WILL
show up just to check things out.  If any disease is present, the
robbers/investigators WILL take it back to their home hive.  So first
and foremost, the hive should have been sealed.  Spreading disease
was not a concern to the owner (as it was the only hive) but there may
be neighbors with bees who could pick up disease from an unattended
hive.  Beekeepers have a responsibility to protect not only their own
apiary but the apiaries of others and feral populations as well.
 
After a dead hive has been sealed it should be determined what
caused the hive's demise and action should be taken accordingly.  If
starvation was the cause, the equipment can be reused and should be
restocked ASAP.  However if disease was the culprit, different measures
are in order (worst case scenario (American Foulbrood) calls for
treatment by fire).  If it can't be determined what the cause was,
it's best to err on the conservative side.  When it doubt, burn it out!
Drastic yes, but it's cheaper to replace an empty hive that to restock
a diseased environment only to have it die out again.
 
Finally, I have to say again, the time to do this was as soon as the
problem was noticed.  There is just no excuse to have not taken care
of this problem in the spring (and EARLY spring at that).  Inexperience
can only be overcome by gaining experience.  All the discussion of the
possibility of a swarm moving in and discussions of the danger of wax
moths would not have taken place had the problem been addressed in a
timely manner.  Not meaning to get on the guy's case (I was a newbie
once myself), but the description of being timid to look in the hive
for fear of getting stung says to me that the guy is pursuing the
wrong hobby.  You're working with bees.  Stings come with the
territory.  Get used to it.
 
And while I'm on my soapbox, does anyone else have a problem with the
moth balls on top of the frames suggestion?  Especially when the very
same posting states that the wax WILL absorb moth ball chemicals!
Can you spell honey contamination?  I can just picture a honey judge:
"Hmmm.  Nice color.  Pleasant order with just the right subtle
undertones of moth balls!"  Glad I am that I've never had the pleasure.
 
Sorry to have flamed away here (torches blazing!).  It isn't my intent
to put the guy down and I don't want to discourage his interests, but
if you're going to keep bees, then keep bees.  If you are going to
have bees, don't.  Beekeeping is an active pursuit.  Beehaving is a
disservice to the bees you have and the bees kept by others in your
area.
 
I will apologize in advance to the posters of the articles if they
take offense to the tone of my response.  I don't mean any disrespect,
I'm just stating rather forcefully what should be good practice in
keeping bees.


From sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:20 EDT 1994
Article: 657 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark Sandrock)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: 3 Aug 94 20:36:32 GMT
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SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) writes:

>...  So as
>gently as I know how I have to ask, "What the hell have you been
>doing that was so important that you haven't addressed the problem
>until the end of July!?"  Oops, be gentle.

Well, since you ask, I'll give you a few highlights. In March both
sump pumps failed and the lower level of my house flooded. In April
I spent several weeks supervising a severely depressed, suicidal
acquaintance, (it's a *long* story), including having to hang onto
the person by one arm as she hung off a two-story overpass at O'Hare
airport in Chicago. Including flying to Germany to escort the person
to a hospital there since the airline would not agree to allow her to
fly alone. There have been other personal crises, less spectacular,
but no less time-consuming--I'm a single parent of three teenage boys,
so crises come with the territory.

Actually I did have the hive stored in my garage for part of the time.
My mistake was putting in back out in the garden before I was certain
I would have the time to work on it. I should have sealed the hive
in plastic rather than putting it back out. I realize this now. So,
mea culpa!

>After a dead hive has been sealed it should be determined what
>caused the hive's demise and action should be taken accordingly.  If
>starvation was the cause, the equipment can be reused and should be
>restocked ASAP.  However if disease was the culprit, different measures
>are in order (worst case scenario (American Foulbrood) calls for
>treatment by fire).  If it can't be determined what the cause was,
>it's best to err on the conservative side.  When it doubt, burn it out!
>Drastic yes, but it's cheaper to replace an empty hive that to restock
>a diseased environment only to have it die out again.

The neighbor in back, a former bee-keeper and a retired professor of
entymology, opened the hive last October and felt that the colony was
so weak that it would probably not survive the winter, and it turned
out he was right. The bees didn't starve. They may have simply died
of cold. Also, I did have the hive stored in my garage for several
months, and as of early July there was no sign of moths. Nor had there
been any appearance of foul-brood, I did have the fellow in back take
a look at some frames to be certain.

>Finally, I have to say again, the time to do this was as soon as the
>problem was noticed.  There is just no excuse to have not taken care
>of this problem in the spring (and EARLY spring at that).

I think you've made the point rather well, my friend!!

>...  Not meaning to get on the guy's case (I was a newbie
>once myself), but the description of being timid to look in the hive
>for fear of getting stung says to me that the guy is pursuing the
>wrong hobby.  You're working with bees.  Stings come with the
>territory.  Get used to it.

If you'll recall, my concern was not being stung, but being attacked
by a swarm of bees. Something I had read indicated that this might
be a possibility and that it could endanger other people and animals
in the vicinity, so I was checking before plunging ahead. A few stings
I think I can handle, having been stung before. Maybe the author was
exagerating, but how do I know unless I ask?

>Sorry to have flamed away here (torches blazing!).  It isn't my intent
>to put the guy down and I don't want to discourage his interests, but
>if you're going to keep bees, then keep bees.  If you are going to
>have bees, don't.  Beekeeping is an active pursuit.  Beehaving is a
>disservice to the bees you have and the bees kept by others in your
>area.

No problem. I don't feel put down. I respect your conviction.

>I will apologize in advance to the posters of the articles if they
>take offense to the tone of my response.  I don't mean any disrespect,
>I'm just stating rather forcefully what should be good practice in
>keeping bees.

No offense taken here. Thanks for your post.

Mark Sandrock
-- 
Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign	"Fruechte reifen durch die Sonne,
Chemical Sciences Computer Center	 Menschen durch die Liebe."
505 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801			--Julius Langbehn
Email: sandrock@uiuc.edu


From rshough@tasc.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:21 EDT 1994
Article: 658 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Wed, 03 Aug 1994 17:52:44 -0500
Organization: TASC
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In article <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>, SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu
(Aaron Morris) wrote:

> I'm surprised that there isn't more concern about the "Empty Hive"
> thread that has been going on the past few days.  The scenario was

[lots of good stuff deleted for brevity]

Thank you Aaron!! I agree with your sentiments, and the forceful tone
is appropriate (IMHO).  I authored a response to the original request,
but failed to step back to the basics. It is all too easy to fire off
a quick comment, and miss some of the more important issues that were
not directly addressed.

Thank you for reminding all of us that beekeeping involves significant
responsibilities, in addition to all the pleasures it can bring. Solving
or at least reducing widespread problems like mites & diseases can only
be accomplished if responsible beekeepers significantly outnumber the
negligent ones.

Rick
rshough@tasc.com

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion, and not my employer's or anyone else's.


From gross@ims.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:21 EDT 1994
Article: 659 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: gross@ims.com (Don Gross)
Subject: Re: Varroa resistant bees
Message-ID: <1994Aug3.211301.15134@ims.com>
Keywords: orchard_bee, pesticide, pollenation
Sender: usenet@ims.com (USENET News Poster)
Reply-To: gross@ims.com
Organization: Integrated Measurement Systems, Inc.
References: <315v87$m5v@nexus.uiowa.edu> <CtnKGH.KJ2@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Date: Wed, 3 Aug 1994 21:13:01 GMT
Lines: 50

In article <CtnKGH.KJ2@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>, Adam wrote:
> In article <315v87$m5v@nexus.uiowa.edu>,
> randy nessler <rnessler@emiris.iaf.uiowa.edu> wrote:
> >...some European
> >bees that are resistant to varroa mites.  I think that they were from
> >Czechoslovakia, and were soon to be imported.  Once the breeders had
> >raised enough broods, they were to be offered for sale.  My questions are;
> >has anyone else heard this, and are they commercially available yet.
> 
> USDA has the "Yugo" bee, from Yugoslavia, via Thomas Rinderer at Baton
> Rouge bee lab. This stock is now commercially available, it is fairly
> tolerant to tracheal mites, and shows _some_ tolerance to Varroa mites,
> but these bees still need to be treated.

>  I use some of Miksa's stock, I have Varroa and I'll be treating this
> fall with Apistan, but I'm observing which colonies have the lowest
> _apparent_ levels of the mite. These I'll watch next year and maybe
> incorporate them into my breeding program.
>  Adam 
> -- 
I've been following this topic (tracheal and Varroa mites) for awhile
now, and have a question or two. My interest in honey bees is secondary;
I have fruit trees and a garden that needs to be pollenized. I belong
to an organization called the Home Orchard Society (sort of a local
NAFEX, if you are familiar with them), and a fellow member has really
"gotten into" pollenizers - primarily mason bees, but including bumble
bees, flies, and even honey bees. He says that the "medication" (which
I assume is Apistan) is simply an (non-organic) insecticide, and is
contaminating all the honey on the market. He doesn't plan on consuming
any more honey until alternatives are identified used.

So, what is the "truth" about the mite treatment, and contaminants in
the U.S.'s (other countries'?) honey?

BTW, because of the unreliable nature of honeybee pollenation, both due
to the mite crisis here in the Pacific Northwest and also the fact that
the fruit trees are in bloom in the spring before the honeybees become
active, a great deal of interest has arisen in our organization about
orchard (mason) bees. In fact, its become quite a good fund-raiser to
make and sell starter bee houses to the home and commercial orchardists.
I would be interested in getting a thread going on orchard bees. I'm
posting this to sci.agriculture.beekeeping as well as rec.gardens. If
there is a more apporpriate news group, please let me know.

*************************************************************************
 Don Gross                      Member, Home Orchard Society
 Integrated Measurement Systems PO Box 230192
 Beaverton, Oregon              Tigard, OR  97218 - 0192
				Membership open to all
				Annual dues only $10.00


From david@roentgen.demon.co.uk Mon Aug  8 12:45:22 EDT 1994
Article: 660 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: david@roentgen.demon.co.uk (Dr David Lauckner)
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Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Organization: Wansbeck Radiology Department
X-Newsreader: Tin 1.1 PL4
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Date: Thu, 4 Aug 1994 07:43:54 +0000
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The garbage bag (in the UK I would call it a binliner!)method
worked for me last winter. I did not use mothballs. 
I use a wad soaked in glaciac acetic acid. This is an approved
bee kit "sterilizer" as I understand things.
David

--
Dr David Lauckner                        Phone: 0670-521212
Wansbeck General Hospital                Fax:   0670-529778
ASHINGTON, Northumberland        e-mail: david@roentgen.demon.co.uk
United Kingdom.


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Mon Aug  8 12:45:24 EDT 1994
Article: 661 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: July Issue of APIS
Message-ID: <Cu0Fv8.Co4@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Keywords: Apis, magazine, sanford 
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Thu, 4 Aug 1994 12:25:56 GMT
Lines: 255

            Florida Extension Beekeeping Newsletter 
    Apis--Apicultural Information and Issues (ISSN 0889-3764)
                 Volume 12, Number 7, July 1994

                 AHB INVASION RUNS OUT OF STEAM?

     Reports of African honey bee (AHB) colonization of western
Texas continue, but the movement appears to have slowed
significantly.  And in neighboring New Mexico and Arizona,
confirmed finds may be from swarms moving across the Mexican
border, rather than migrating westward.  The biggest question mark
concerns California which has yet to be officially invaded by this
insect, although there have been confirmed finds near the state
line.  

     In east Texas as well, the AHB has not advanced as far as
previous predictions indicated.  The insect has yet to reach
Houston and it's now been over three years since the first colony
was found in the state.  Has the invasion indeed run out of steam,
and if so, why?  These questions as yet have no answers, but
already the press is writing about the phenomenon.
  
     There are some intriguing reasons for the slowdown suggested
by Mr. Laurence Cutts, Florida's Chief Apiary Inspector, and others
examining the situation.  The weather in the region has been
generally unfavorable (colder winters, later springs) for feral
bees.  The bees may be approaching their climatic limits; the
present distribution when compared with that predicted by Dr. Orley
Taylor over a decade ago shows great correspondence.  Texas is a
very large state; perhaps the AHB will take some time to reach
saturation in certain areas before the invasion can continue.  

     In addition, the AHB wave from Mexico has also met a challenge
that it  didn't face in that country, the Varroa mite.  Nor can the
potential ravages of chalkbrood, the foulbroods and tracheal mites
on wild populations be discounted.  There is more than a little bit
of irony in the realization that the beekeeping industry's nemeses
might become allies in stemming the AHB tide.

     Another suggestion is that the imported fire ant, well
entrenched in southern Texas, is responsible for predation on AHB
colonies.  Nests in scrub are quite near the ground and migrating
swarms are small.  There are reports that these ants are also
becoming more effective predators on managed European colonies in
Florida.

     And what of the consequences of hybridization?  Increased rate
of genetic crossing among AHBs, feral European bees and those
managed by Texas beekeepers could be responsible for restraining
the migration.  The situation is quite different than in tropical
areas of Mexico and Central America.  There, bees of European
origin had not formed large feral populations, providing limited
competition to the invaders, and over time, those in managed
colonies were almost completely replaced by AHB.  Hybrids that
developed between European bees and AHB in the wild did not appear
to persist (See February and March 1992 APIS).

     Unlike in more tropical areas, a population of feral European
bees already exists in Texas.  This means greater competition for
the AHB in the wild.  It will also be a continuing source of
genetic material above and beyond managed colonies to produce
hybrids.  And the resultant hybrid population might persist longer
in these temperate regions than was the case further south. 
However, they could still be at some disadvantage.  Hybrids may not
be so migratory, one of the reasons suggested for AHB resistance to
mites and pathogens.   This fact, along with addition of European
genetic material, could make them more vulnerable to a host of
problems than are AHBs.  
  
     In the end, no single cause is probably responsible for
checking the bees' advance.  However, all of the above reasons
taken together could make a formidable barrier keeping AHB
populations at bay.

                   TRACKING HONEY BEE ANCESTRY

     Even a cursory review of the apicultural literature reveals
that over hundreds of years honey bees have been imported from all
over the world.  The results of this activity have been variable. 
Among the successes would be introduction of the Italian bee (Apis
mellifera ligustica) which materially improved commercial bee
stocks, and is in general use today throughout the country.  A
notable failure was the Cyprian bee (Apis mellifera cypria),
considered too defensive by most beekeepers.  It has almost been
eliminated from the U.S. gene pool.  In 1922, legislation to
control importation effectively reduced genetic immigration. 
However, legal and illegal introductions have continued.

      Considering the sheer number of importations, the question
arises concerning the eventual fate of these bees in the U.S.  Dr.
Eric Mussen posed this question in his latest newsletter, From the
UC Apiaries, while reporting on a study by N.M. Schiff and W.S.
Sheppard in the Journal Experientia, Vol. 49, pp. 530-532, 1993. 
The study's authors did not address Dr. Mussen's specific question. 
Their purpose was to look at the genetic variation of feral
populations in the southern U.S. and find out if the AHB invasion
could be adequately monitored using existing European genetic
markers.  They did this by analyzing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).  

     There are two primary sources of DNA in multicellular animals. 
The one most heard about, often touted by the press as the best
crime fighting tool since the fingerprint, is from the nucleus of
the cell.  This DNA is the chemical information that determines the
form of the organism and much of its behavior.  It is inherited
from both the mother and the father and can effectively be used to
make unique identifications.      

     But there is another kind of DNA.  It is found in small
energy-producing capsules outside the nucleus of the cell.  These
organelles are called mitochondria (the singular is mitochondrion). 
In multicellular animals, DNA associated with the mitochondria is
only inherited from the mother.  This provides the means to track
maternal ancestry .  All bees in a colony have the same mtDNA,
inherited from one single individual, their queen.  Pioneering
studies on mtDNA by Drs. Glenn Hall at the University of Florida
and Deborah Smith, University of Kansas, provide evidence that
feral swarms of African maternal lines were primarily responsible
for AHB migration in the tropics.  Study of human mtDNA also gives
rise to the provocative idea that all humanity descended from a
single Eve. 

     The Experientia study looked at 422 feral bee colonies sampled
from areas not undergoing AHB invasion.  The bees came from nine
states (Florida was not included).  Collection was restricted to
wild colonies, including those relocated, but not requeened by
beekeepers.  The results are as follows:

State     Mitochondrial Types                      Total
          African          Mel/Ibr     Car/Lig    

AL             1              14        24           39
GA             -               4        28           32
LA             -              10        41           51
MS             2              14        31           47
NC             -               3        27           30
NM             -               7        54           61
OK             -               -         3            3
SC             -              21        59           80
TX             1              19        59           79

Total(%)     4 (0.9)          92( 21.8) 326 (77.3)   422

     Mel/Ibr refers to two European honey bee races (Apis mellifera
mellifera and Apis mellifera iberica).  The former is the German or
dark bee, while the latter is the Iberian bee, native of the
Spanish peninsula.  These are grouped together and considered
"western" races.  The "eastern" races include A. mellifera carnica
(Carniolan bee) and A. mellifera ligustica (Italian bee),
designated above as Car/Lig; both are thought to make up the
majority of the present U.S. commercial honey bee stock.  The
eastern and western groups have been separated on the basis of
mtDNA structure.  The African mtDNA was from the Egyptian honey
bee, Apis mellifera lamarckii, not Apis mellifera scutellata,
considered to be the ancestor of the AHB.      

     When analyzing the results of this study, it is important to
understand that the percentages noted above are only of mtDNA types
found in wild U.S. honey bees.  They do not necessarily translate
into bee types.  For example, even though four colonies were found
with African mtDNA, the authors identified the individual bees as
"European" using morphometrics.  Thus, no bees determined to be
"Africanized" are present in the above samples.  This is
problematic.  Presence of lamarckii mtDNA is a certain indication
of African ancestry.   

     Is it reasonable to correlate percentages of a certain mtDNA
type to a specific population?  One school of thought says no,
because mtDNA really may have no effect on a bee's structure or
behavior which are considered superior measures of identification. 
However, different mtDNAs may result in different capabilities. 
Enzymes coded by mtDNA are responsible for energy production in the
cell and must interact with those coded by nuclear DNA.  These
functions may contribute to the differences in metabolic capacities
of African, European and hybrid honey bees discovered by Drs. Glenn
Hall at the University of Florida and Jon Harrison, Arizona State
University (see APIS June, 1993). In addition, because mtDNA is
inherited as a total package from the mother, its presence means
that it came from an unbroken maternal lineage.  In the case of the
lamarckii mtDNA identified in the Experientia study, the time line
could reach as far back as the 1860s.  

     It is tempting, therefore, to make a correlation of mtDNA
types with bee populations.  Dr. Mussen surrendered to this in his
article, concluding:  "It will be interesting to see if the 22% of
feral bees with 'non-commercial' lineage can survive the
competition of AHBs for their feral territory."  

                    STATUS OF U.S. BEEKEEPING

     F.L. Hoff and L.S. Willett have just released their study
entitled The U.S. Beekeeping Industry.  It is Agricultural Economic
Report Number 680, published by the USDA Economic Research Service,
69pp, May 1994.  This document is required reading for anyone
interested in the changes taking place in the apicultural industry.

     The introduction states in part:  "This report updates
information on honey production, pollination and the relationship
of the U.S. beekeeping industry to agriculture and the environment. 
The study was mandated in the Committee report that accompanied the
Agriculture, Rural Development, and Related Agencies Appropriation
Act of 1987.  The mandate resulted from concern by beekeepers and
members of Congress about problems, issues, and challenges that
emerged during the 1980's with the potential to significantly alter
the beekeeping industry.  These concerns included northward
migration of the Africanized honeybee, infestations of colonies by
tracheal and Varroa mites, the widespread use of highly toxic
pesticides, increasing honey imports, and efforts to discontinue
the honey price support program."

     This report is an extremely valuable lobbying document.  The
authors should be congratulated for providing the industry with
these facts and figures.  The beekeeping community now has plenty
of ammunition to back up its arguments for public support in many
arenas.  However, the time and expense to produce this document
will go for naught, if those in the beekeeping industry do not
actively use the information to its fullest potential.  To obtain
a copy call toll free 800/999-6779 in U.S. and Canada (other areas
703/834-0125) and ask for AER-680.  The cost is $12.00 payable by
Visa or MasterCard.  To order a copy by first-class mail, send a
check for $12.00 ($15.00 for Canada or elsewhere) made payable to
ERS-NASS, 341 Victory Drive, Herndon, VA 22070. 

                         NOSEMA CONTROL

     Mr. Glen Stanley, Retired Iowa Apiary Inspector, provided some
advice in a recent letter to the American Bee Journal.  It was
simple.  If one controls nosema this helps the bees overcome other
obstacles like tracheal mites.  In other words, asks Mr. Stanley,
"...why not begin fighting the battle where it would do the most
good by getting bees cleared of nosema first."  Another basis of
good beekeeping, he says, is to remove all old, black combs (his
emphasis),  the source of bacteria, fungal spores and other
materials the bees might unintentionally collect.  Mr. Stanley's
message must continually be kept in mind by beekeepers interested
in getting the most from their colonies.  Adhere to the
fundamentals of beekeeping and the bees will take care of the rest. 
      

Sincerely,


     
Malcolm T. Sanford 
Bldg 970, Box 110620
University of Florida 
Gainesville, FL 32611-0620 
Phone (904) 392-1801, Ext. 143 
FAX: 904-392-0190 
BITNET Address: MTS@IFASGNV 
INTERNET Address: MTS@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU 

-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From rshough@tasc.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:25 EDT 1994
Article: 662 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Varroa resistant bees
Date: Thu, 04 Aug 1994 13:53:07 -0500
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In article <1994Aug3.211301.15134@ims.com>, gross@ims.com wrote:

> I have fruit trees and a garden that needs to be pollenized. I belong
> to an organization called the Home Orchard Society (sort of a local
> NAFEX, if you are familiar with them), and a fellow member has really
> "gotten into" pollenizers - primarily mason bees, but including bumble
> bees, flies, and even honey bees. He says that the "medication" (which
> I assume is Apistan) is simply an (non-organic) insecticide, and is
> contaminating all the honey on the market. He doesn't plan on consuming
> any more honey until alternatives are identified used.
> 
> So, what is the "truth" about the mite treatment, and contaminants in
> the U.S.'s (other countries'?) honey?

Don,
Actually, I believe that fluvalinate (the active ingredient in Apistan)
is pyrethran (spelling?) based - in other words it is an organic based
acaracide (mite killer). Your friend is accurate in stating that the
"medication" (assuming he is talking about Apistan) is "simply an
insecticide", however when this product is used properly, i.e., following
the directions on the label, contamination of honey is _NOT_ a problem.
Apistan sometimes is refered to as a "medication" because it is often
discussed in the same breath as treatments for Foulbrood and Nosema,
treatments which really are properly characterised as "medication".
Calling Apistan a "medication" is, in my opinion, a bit misleading,
but, in careless moments, I have been known to mis-speak similarly.

Please read the following comment carefully - I don't want to be misunderstood -
Honey contamination is (should be) a widespread _concern_ among beekeepers and
honey packers, but IT IS NOT A WIDESPREAD _PROBLEM_. The differentiation that
I am making is that we are dealing with a food product, and constant vigilance
is required at all steps in the process to assure the purity of the final
product. I believe that the beekeeping & honey packing industries are successful
accomplishing this. This issue is a fact of life in _ALL_ areas of the food
service industry, and is not unique to bees, honey, and beekeeping. The vast
majority of beekeepers are extremely careful with all the treatments that they
apply to their hives. I, for one, do not apply _ANY_ treatment,
medication, acaracide, etc. to my hives while the supers are on. In
other words, when the bees are collecting any nectar that ends up in honey
destined for human consumption, _NO_ external products are applied to my
colonies. This is a widespread practice throughout the beekeeping community.

Also, the large honey packers have extensive testing programs, in which honey
samples are constantly being tested for residues of undersired substances.
I have every confidence that the honey offered for sale in the USA is quite
safe, and I do not believe that your friend's fears are founded in fact.

I do not have any specific information about the quality of honey being
imported to the USA, but I would be willing to bet that the vast majority
of it is of top quality. There have been some stories which have
tarnished the reputation of imported honey. I cannot vouch for the accuracy
of those stories, but even if they were true, they were only isolated
cases.

I hope that the above information adequately addresses your concerns.

Sincerely,
Rick Hough, a beekeeper from NE of Boston.

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion, and not my employer's or anyone else's.


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Mon Aug  8 12:45:26 EDT 1994
Article: 663 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!uunet!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Varroa resistant bees
Message-ID: <Cu0yD1.2z7@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Keywords: orchard_bee, pesticide, pollination, pollen bee, mite
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <315v87$m5v@nexus.uiowa.edu> <CtnKGH.KJ2@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU> <1994Aug3.211301.15134@ims.com>
Date: Thu, 4 Aug 1994 19:05:24 GMT
Lines: 46

In article <1994Aug3.211301.15134@ims.com>, Don Gross <gross@ims.com> wrote:
(and others wrote too...)
>I've been following this topic (tracheal and Varroa mites) for awhile
>now, and have a question or two. 
 ...>I assume is Apistan) is simply an (non-organic) insecticide, and is
>contaminating all the honey on the market. He doesn't plan on consuming
>any more honey until alternatives are identified used.
>
>So, what is the "truth" about the mite treatment, and contaminants in
>the U.S.'s (other countries'?) honey?

 Good questions.
As with any labeled agricultural chemical, if the label is followed then
there shouldn't be any contamination.
 This does not mean that everyone follows the label.
As for honey from other countries, where there is no EPA, your guess is as
good as mine. Perhaps some residue testing is done? I don't know.
 I'd get honey from someone I trusted. I'd ask them how specifically, they
treated their bees. If they were unsure, or were unable to tell you, maybe
their honey would be suspect? You may get the label from any package of
Apistan, ask a beekeeper, or your State Apiarist.
 By reading the label, you will know the proper procedure. Then you may
compare this to what the honey producer says.
When in doubt,  ask.
>
>BTW, because of the unreliable nature of honeybee pollenation, both due
>to the mite crisis here in the Pacific Northwest and also the fact that
>the fruit trees are in bloom in the spring before the honeybees become
>active, a great deal of interest has arisen in our organization about
>orchard (mason) bees. In fact, its become quite a good fund-raiser to
>make and sell starter bee houses to the home and commercial orchardists.
>I would be interested in getting a thread going on orchard bees. I'm
>posting this to sci.agriculture.beekeeping as well as rec.gardens. If
>there is a more apporpriate news group, please let me know.

 I'd check out the bumble bee list, it's in the FAQ. Also, USDA is doing
some "pollen bee" research. This is described in Apis magazine.
Apis is archived on the net.
Read the FAQ.
good luck!
Adam

-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From Paul.Ferroni@ab.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:27 EDT 1994
Article: 664 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: cpferron@icd.ab.com (C. Paul Ferroni)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: 4 Aug 1994 21:53:35 GMT
Organization: Allen Bradley
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NNTP-Posting-Host: dabney.cle.ab.com

In article <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>, SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) writes:
> I'm surprised that there isn't more concern about the "Empty Hive"
> thread that has been going on the past few days.  

[...munch...]

> And while I'm on my soapbox, does anyone else have a problem with the
> moth balls on top of the frames suggestion?  Especially when the very
> same posting states that the wax WILL absorb moth ball chemicals!
> Can you spell honey contamination?  I can just picture a honey judge:
> "Hmmm.  Nice color.  Pleasant order with just the right subtle
> undertones of moth balls!"  Glad I am that I've never had the pleasure.
>  

  I am the poster of the mothballs suggestion...  My (longwinded) comments 
follow.

> I will apologize in advance to the posters of the articles if they
> take offense to the tone of my response.  I don't mean any disrespect,
> I'm just stating rather forcefully what should be good practice in
> keeping bees.

  Your comments are appreciated.  I agree that we should all be aware
of good and proper practice.  I wasn't giving a flippant or "home-brew"
suggestion with mothballs.  I've been keeping bees for about 15 years,
starting in college, after taking an apiculture class at Ohio State
University, taught by Prof Rothenbeuler (sp?), one of the contributors
to _The_Hive_and_the_Honey_Bee_.  I honestly don't recall if he ever
actually suggested this in class (or in one of the hands-on labs), but
one of the two books we used in class specifically recommended this
practice.  If Dr. Rothenbeuler had disagreed in class, I would have
marked it down in the book (along with several other things he didn't
agree with).  

  Anyways, here are relevant quotes and notes from
_The_Hive_and_the_Honey_Bee_ and _Starting_Right_with_Bees_, the two
books we used in class, and that I refer to when I have questions.
Complete reference information is included, in case later versions
(which I've never seen) are different.


>From _The_Hive_and_the_Honey_Bee_, Revised Edition (1976), from 
Dadant & Sons, Inc.

Chapter XXI, "Diseases and Enemies of the Honey Bee", pg 651-652,
says that to avoid wax moth problems, you should (My summary outline):

1) Maintain strong colonies which will not allow the moths to develop.
2) Keep empty combs in cold storage rooms.
3) Fumigate
   a) Ethylene dibromide (best)
   b) Ethylene oxide (also for foulbrood spores)
4) Use Bacillus thuringiensis

NOTE: No mention of Paradichlorobenzene (moth balls) in this section.


Also, in Chapter XIV, "The Production of Comb and Bulk Comb Honey", in a 
section called "Care of Comb Honey" (pg 439) with reference to
handling section comb or bulk comb honey:

    "[section comb or bulk comb honey] cannot be handled too carefully to
    prevent damage.  It is the appearance of comb honey that determines
    much of it's sale value.  After the supers are removed and brought to
    the honey house, they should be fumigated againt damage by wax moth.
    The supers may be stacked about 15 high, leaving no cracks for fumigant
    to escape.  [...] One well-known fumigant, paradichlorobenzene (PDB),
    should never be used as the odor will permeate the cappings and ruin
    the flavor of the honey."

Note that this is relative to comb with honey in it.  Of course you 
would NEVER allow a volatile substance like PDB near your honey!  I
never implied that.  However, the stuff DOES dissapate with lots of
fresh air.

Another good reference book on beekeeping (much shorter, and more
"practical" then the former): _Starting_Right_with_Bees_, 18th edition
(1976), from the A.I.Root company, also discusses the wax moth.  Chapter
20, "Diseases and Pests of Honeybees", page 93:

       "Stored combs are very susceptible to wax moth injury, especially
    combs that have been used in brood rearing.  Empty combs, wet or dry,
    can be stored successfully indoors or out in supers and hive bodies.
    The supers and hive bodies of combs should be stacked six full depth
    supers high or less on a smooth pallet or metal cover.  The joints
    between the supers if not tight should be taped all the way around with
    masking tape to make them airtight.  A cupful of moth crystals,
    chemically known as Paradichlorobenzene, should be placed on a piece of
    cardboard and set on top of frames or combs in the top super.  An empty
    shallow super should then be set on the top super, around the crystals
    and the stack covered with a tight cover and sealed with masking tape.
    The crystals emit a gas that is heavier than air and this gas will seep
    down through the combs killing moths and worms, and protect the stack
    from future attacks.  Crystals should be added to each stack of combs
    as they evaporate.
       Before putting fumigated combs back on the hives the stack should
    be broken apart and the combs aired for 72 hours.
       Ethylene dibromide is effective againt all stages of the wax moth
    but cannot be used to fumigate honey and combs where the intended
    purpose of the honey is for human food."


This is the reference I'm referring to at the beginning.  I've done this
(when necessary) for years, and never noticed any odor/taste in my honey.
I have never entered it in any fair, though.

It's also interesting to note that _The_Hive_and_the_Honey_Bee_ and
_Starting_Right_with_Bees_ seriously disagree about Ethylene dibromide.
One saying it's the best fumigant; the other, don't use where honey will
be used for food.  Perhaps, this is meant for comb honey again (?).

The bottom line is that its obviously best to keep stong hives, and store
your empty supers in sealed bags, in cold areas (freezing) where possible.

Well, 'nuff for now.  I hope this adds a little substance to the discussion.
Again, no offense taken.  Thanks for the opportunity to do a little
digging into one of my favorite hobbies.

-cpf
paul.ferroni@ab.com


From mthunzeker@aol.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:28 EDT 1994
Article: 665 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mthunzeker@aol.com (MTHunzeker)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Insecticide in bee venom?
Date: 4 Aug 1994 23:49:05 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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One of the members of our local beekeepers association was checking his
colonies after finding some spray kill and got stung.  (They sure don't
like to get sprayed!)  His reaction was quite a bit more severe than
usual with a very large red area and swelling.  He was worried he had
developed a serious allergic reaction, but has been stung numerous 
times since then and only had a standard (mild) response.

So we are wondering if it is possible for a bee to pass on an
insecticide in her venom?  Has any research been performed in this
area?

Mike Hunzeker
MTHunzeker@aol.com
Boulder County Colorado Beekeeper



From mthunzeker@aol.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:29 EDT 1994
Article: 666 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mthunzeker@aol.com (MTHunzeker)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: PENCAP-M (?) Insecticide
Date: 4 Aug 1994 23:51:05 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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(This seems to be my night for insecticide questions.)

A local aerial applicator is pushing PENCAP-M (I think I have the name
right) for treating corn just after it has tassled.  According to one 
of the commercial beekeepers in our local beekeepers association, 
PENCAP is a serious threat to bees, especially in tassling corn, but 
the applicator maintains that he "doesn't ever see any bees in corn" 
(probably because he is flying 6 feet above it at 60 knots).

Is this actually a legal use of PENCAP?  Does anyone have any 
experience with this?  Are there studies we can use to demonstrate the 
danger of PENCAP?  Has anyone been successful in forcing limits on the 
use of PENCAP?

Any available information would be greatly appreciated.

Mike Hunzeker
MTHunzeker@aol.com
Boulder County Colorado Beekeeper



From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Mon Aug  8 12:45:30 EDT 1994
Article: 667 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: PENCAP-M (?) Insecticide
Message-ID: <Cu2AAB.AA4@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <31scv9$n9e@search01.news.aol.com>
Date: Fri, 5 Aug 1994 12:20:35 GMT
Lines: 24

In article <31scv9$n9e@search01.news.aol.com>,
MTHunzeker <mthunzeker@aol.com> wrote:
>A local aerial applicator is pushing PENCAP-M (I think I have the name
>right) for treating corn just after it has tassled.  According to one 
>of the commercial beekeepers in our local beekeepers association, 
>PENCAP is a serious threat to bees, especially in tassling corn, but 
>the applicator maintains that he "doesn't ever see any bees in corn" 
>(probably because he is flying 6 feet above it at 60 knots).
 Mike, check with your state apiarist, about the law. Here in VA, if there
are known bees present, an applicator must notify the beekeeeper well ahead
of time before application, for it is illegal to spray during bee flight
as per the label.  PENCAP-M resembles pollen,
and since bees are working corn, gathering pollen, PENCAP-M,
applied at this time , would be deadly to colonies foraging.
The applicator needs to know that there are bees present. Involve your
Dept. of Agriculture in this issue, bee inspection or the State apiarist's
office, but get somebody on the situation.
 Label laws are very hard to enforce in bee kills.
Adam
(VA Bee inspector)
-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:31 EDT 1994
Article: 668 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!news2.near.net!usenet.elf.com!rpi!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Insecticide in bee venom?
Date: Fri, 05 Aug 94 08:43:43 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <31scrh$n7j@search01.news.aol.com>
mthunzeker@aol.com (MTHunzeker) writes:
 
>So we are wondering if it is possible for a bee to pass on an
>insecticide in her venom?  Has any research been performed in this
>area?
 
Stating up front that this is mere speculation on my part, I would
imagine that insecticide would do in/off/kill a bee before there would
be time for any insecticidal residues to be absorbed/transferred to
bee venom.  Furthermore, I'd speculate that a poisoned bee would not be
up to the task of defending a hive or stinging a beekeeper: she'd be
too busy kicking the bucket!


From rsrodger@wam.umd.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:32 EDT 1994
Article: 669 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rsrodger@wam.umd.edu (R S Rodgers)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Fri, 05 Aug 1994 12:14:54 -0500
Organization: University of Maryland College Park
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Originator: rsrodger@rac6.wam.umd.edu

In article <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>,
SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) wrote:
> (worst case scenario (American Foulbrood) calls for
> treatment by fire).

Pardon a question from an interested reader (no knowledge whatsoever
of beekeeping), but what are "Robber Bees" (wasps?) and what is
American Foulbrood?

I ask because I'm curious as to what kinds of diseases strike bees.
In my pesticide class, we covered the use of biological agents instead
of chemical pesticides (fungi, etc.), but nothing about diseases that
strike beneficial insects.

--
Previous .sig deleted because some people couldn't parse "from email
_received_ re: a post on comp.sys.powerpc."



From sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:33 EDT 1994
Article: 670 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark Sandrock)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: The hive ain't empty...
Date: 5 Aug 94 20:05:12 GMT
Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana
Lines: 38
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NNTP-Posting-Host: aries.scs.uiuc.edu

Since I stirred things up a bit with my questions about empty hives
and robber bees, I thought it might be good to let people know what
I've found since then.

Today at lunchtime I opened the hive and found a lot of bees crawling
about. They were especially dense on the sunnier side of the hive as
opposed to the shady side. I could see that they were busy adding comb
on three frames closest to the side. In fact, these frames looked so
thick with comb that I did not initially try to move them, but instead
removed one of the middle frames. It had some honey cells along the
top, which I remembered from before, but in the center there appeared
to be brood cells on which the covering was broken. I don't know if
this is a normal appearance for hatched out cells, so this concerned
me somewhat.

The bees seemed quite calm and gentle. A dozen or two were floating
around the hive, a few seemed to check me out, but they mostly seemed to
ignore me--a rather gratifying attitude to my way of thinking. :-)

I could easily see dozens of bees crawling around on the frames, and
one thing that puzzled me a bit was they mostly seemed to ignore the
smoke I would puff at them occasionally. Still, it felt reassuring to
have the smoker handy.

I'm going out of town this weekend, but next week I intend to look at
a few more frames and try to spot the queen and/or active brood cells.

Anyway, my newbie impression is that a colony has indeed moved in,
but perhaps someone would care to interpret what I've seen so far.

Thanks again to everyone for the helpful comments.

Mark Sandrock
-- 
Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign	"Fruechte reifen durch die Sonne,
Chemical Sciences Computer Center	 Menschen durch die Liebe."
505 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801			--Julius Langbehn
Email: sandrock@uiuc.edu


From rshough@tasc.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:35 EDT 1994
Article: 671 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Fri, 05 Aug 1994 17:56:06 -0500
Organization: TASC
Lines: 55
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <rshough-0508941756060001@rshough.read.tasc.com>
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NNTP-Posting-Host: rshough.read.tasc.com

In article <31ro0v$8hs@news1.hh.ab.com>, Paul.Ferroni@ab.com wrote:

> In article <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>,
SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) writes:
> > I'm surprised that there isn't more concern about the "Empty Hive"
> > thread that has been going on the past few days.  
> 
> [...munch...]
> 
> > And while I'm on my soapbox, does anyone else have a problem with the
> > moth balls on top of the frames suggestion?  Especially when the very
> > same posting states that the wax WILL absorb moth ball chemicals!
> > Can you spell honey contamination?  I can just picture a honey judge:
> > "Hmmm.  Nice color.  Pleasant order with just the right subtle
> > undertones of moth balls!"  Glad I am that I've never had the pleasure.
> >  
> 
>   I am the poster of the mothballs suggestion...  My (longwinded) comments 
> follow.
 [...munch...]
> NOTE: No mention of Paradichlorobenzene (moth balls) in this section.

Ah - it suddenly becomes clear! There are two kinds of "moth balls"!!
There is the kind that my mom uses to keep the moths out of her sweaters
(I forget the chemical name), and then there is Paradichlorobenzene (PDB)
that beekeepers use to deal with Wax moth.

I'm under the impression that use of PDB on stored comb is widespread, and
not detrimental to the comb, although there is a need to air out the combs
for several days prior to putting them on the hives.

While my mom's moth balls would probably kill the wax moth, I'm pretty
sure that there is a problem with that chemical staying in the wax. Besides,
my mom's moth balls aren't labeled (read legal) for use on combs (I think
PDB is labeled for use on stored comb... isn't it??)

Any comment, Aaron??

> The bottom line is that its obviously best to keep stong hives, and store
> your empty supers in sealed bags, in cold areas (freezing) where possible.

Amen to that!!

Have a good weekend, all!

Rick Hough

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion, and not my employer's or anyone else's.


From rshough@tasc.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:36 EDT 1994
Article: 672 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Fri, 05 Aug 1994 18:16:14 -0500
Organization: TASC
Lines: 36
Message-ID: <rshough-0508941816140001@rshough.read.tasc.com>
References: <sandrock.775502827@aries> <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <-LcGkO9RtM7B069yn@wam.umd.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rshough.read.tasc.com

In article <-LcGkO9RtM7B069yn@wam.umd.edu>, rsrodger@wam.umd.edu wrote:

> In article <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>,
> SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) wrote:
> > (worst case scenario (American Foulbrood) calls for
> > treatment by fire).
> 
> Pardon a question from an interested reader (no knowledge whatsoever
> of beekeeping), but what are "Robber Bees" (wasps?) and what is
> American Foulbrood?

Robber Bees = honey bees that come from a different hive to steal honey
from a weak or uninhabited hive.

American Foulbrood (AFB) is a disease of honeybee brood (young bees)
- it strikes the pupal stage, and is fatal to the individual bees
that it infects. If enough individuals get it, it can kill an entire hive.
It is spread by spores, which can contaminate the honey (thus the
transference of AFB by robber bees), as well as the combs. AFB
spores are not dangerous to humans - our digestive system takes care
of that, but the poor bees don't fare so well. The darn spores are
very tough to kill, and thus the fire treatment is the method of choice
for dealing with serious infections.

Hope this answers your questions.

Rick

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion, and not my employer's or anyone else's.


From chowe@cthoneybee.win.net Mon Aug  8 12:45:37 EDT 1994
Article: 673 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!swiss.ans.net!malgudi.oar.net!witch!cthoneybee!chowe
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Message-ID: <138@cthoneybee.win.net>
References: <31scv9$n9e@search01.news.aol.com>
Reply-To: chowe@cthoneybee.win.net (Charles Howe)
From: chowe@cthoneybee.win.net (Charles Howe)
Date: Sat, 06 Aug 1994 06:04:57 GMT
Subject: Re: PENCAP-M (?) Insecticide
Lines: 68

 
In article <31scv9$n9e@search01.news.aol.com>, MTHunzeker (mthunzeker@aol.com) writes:
>(This seems to be my night for insecticide questions.)
>
>A local aerial applicator is pushing PENCAP-M (I think I have the name
>right) for treating corn just after it has tassled.  According to one 
>of the commercial beekeepers in our local beekeepers association, 
>PENCAP is a serious threat to bees, especially in tassling corn, but 
>the applicator maintains that he "doesn't ever see any bees in corn" 
>(probably because he is flying 6 feet above it at 60 knots).
>
>Is this actually a legal use of PENCAP?  Does anyone have any 
>experience with this?  Are there studies we can use to demonstrate the 
>danger of PENCAP?  Has anyone been successful in forcing limits on the 
>use of PENCAP?
>
>Any available information would be greatly appreciated.
>
>Mike Hunzeker
>MTHunzeker@aol.com
>Boulder County Colorado Beekeeper
>
>
Oh yes,

Pencap-M is micro-encapsilated methylparathion as I recall. Until
Connecticut's regulation was modified to stop the use of this
material on tasseling corn we were loosing many colonies to
methylparathion poisoning every year in CT. This stuff is
particularly deadly to bees since they apparantly gather the stuff
along with the pollen (they seem to *not* be able to discriminate
between pollen and the capsules of insecticide). Once the stuff is
brought back to the colony it gets incorporated into the combs
(wax probably) and is left there when the colony expires. When new
bees are installed into the colony they may also die from the
remaining material in the combs. 

For our bees corn pollen ranks up there with dandylion pollen as
favorites among the top five. When corn tassels my bees pollen
production jumps from about 1/3 cup per day to 2 cups of corn pollen.

To get a regulation limiting the use of Pencap-M in CT. we started
by sending insecticide killed bees to the State Entomologist for
analysis. This showed that, as I recall, about 1/2 of the bees were
killed by the active ingredient in Pencap-M. If it wasn't 1/2 it
was the largest single insecticide killer of bees. At that point, we
(the CT. Beekeepers Assn.) hired a lawyer for advice and the process
of getting a regulation in CT. stopping the use of Pencap-M on
tasseling corn left the Association with a substantial debt. 

We went through this process over 10 years ago. I don't know if it
ended up in a change in the label for other states, but
Connecticut's more limiting use restrictions for Pencap-M still
stands. It is noteworthy, that after the regulation went into
affect the number of insecticide poisonings sharply declined.

If more detailed information is required I will try to come up with
names and addresses of people who worked closely with the problem
at that time.

   -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  | Chuck Howe - Editor                     | Phone or FAX: (203)491-2338 |
  | Connecticut Honey Bee                   | 86, 5 1/2 Mile Road         |
  | INTERNET - CHOWE@CTHONEYBEE.WIN.NET     | Goshen, CT. 06756           |
  | COMPUSERVE - 72726.1437@COMPUSERVE.COM  | USA                         |
   -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   
 



From rsrodger@wam.umd.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:39 EDT 1994
Article: 674 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rsrodger@wam.umd.edu (R S Rodgers)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Sat, 06 Aug 1994 10:22:17 -0500
Organization: University of Maryland College Park
Lines: 10
Message-ID: <PovGkO9RtwzT069yn@wam.umd.edu>
References: <sandrock.775502827@aries> <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <-LcGkO9RtM7B069yn@wam.umd.edu> <rshough-0508941816140001@rshough.read.tasc.com>
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In article <rshough-0508941816140001@rshough.read.tasc.com>,
rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough) wrote:
> Hope this answers your questions.

Yes, thanks.

--
Previous .sig deleted because some people couldn't parse "from email
_received_ re: a post on comp.sys.powerpc."



From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Mon Aug  8 12:45:40 EDT 1994
Article: 675 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Sun, 7 Aug 1994 00:45:27 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 16
Message-ID: <roadent.501.2E442EA7@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
References: <sandrock.775502827@aries> <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-03.cc.monash.edu.au

In article <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) writes:
>From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
>Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
>Date: Wed, 03 Aug 94 10:06:08 EDT

>I'm surprised that there isn't more concern about the "Empty Hive"
>thread that has been going on the past few days.  The scenario was

In quick defence of myself, I did express some such concerns (I always do....
I am on a CRUSADE against diseases...my fathers entire apiary was wiped out 
by AFB) I did actaully reply along that vein, but from my other account, and 
I don't seem to be able to get the news posting facility on that acount to 
work...


Adrian (trying to help myself this time....)


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Mon Aug  8 12:45:41 EDT 1994
Article: 676 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: The hive ain't empty...
Date: Sun, 7 Aug 1994 00:59:21 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 31
Message-ID: <roadent.503.2E4431E9@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
References: <sandrock.776117112@aries>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-03.cc.monash.edu.au

In article <sandrock.776117112@aries> sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark Sandrock) writes:
>From: sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark Sandrock)

>Today at lunchtime I opened the hive and found a lot of bees crawling
>about. They were especially dense on the sunnier side of the hive as

That sounds reasonably typical of a colony (to me at least)


>opposed to the shady side. I could see that they were busy adding comb
>on three frames closest to the side. In fact, these frames looked so
>thick with comb that I did not initially try to move them, but instead
>removed one of the middle frames. It had some honey cells along the

The way I usually open up a hive is to remove one of the edge frames, in 
your case, the shady side one as it would have less bees and wax on it, 
then move the others across so that you have room to manipulate them.


>top, which I remembered from before, but in the center there appeared
>to be brood cells on which the covering was broken. I don't know if

Find some literature on AFB, and compare any pictures in it with what you 
see...also chalk brrod, EFB, and other brood diseases.  If you are still in 
doubt, cut a piece of the affected comb and send it to a bee inspector  type 
place...they will be able to give an accurate diagnosis (free in 
australia...)


apart from all that, good luck, and enjoy.
Adrian.


From at664@FreeNet.Carleton.CA Mon Aug  8 12:45:42 EDT 1994
Article: 677 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: at664@FreeNet.Carleton.CA (R John Northcote)
Subject: Re: What do I do about skunks?
Message-ID: <Cu54nt.ID1@freenet.carleton.ca>
Sender: news@freenet.carleton.ca (Usenet News Admin)
Organization: The National Capital FreeNet, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Date: Sun, 7 Aug 1994 01:11:53 GMT
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Skunks will scratch at the entrance and eat the bees as they come
out to investigate. I have some bottom boards with 3/8 inch
scratches in them from the skunks. I have found a dead skunk in
one of my yards but otherwise know of two methods which  work.
The first is to have a landlord (eg farmer) who shoots them 
for me with asking - aim for the backbone/neck sho he doesn't
'fire'. THe other method is to inject a raw egg with cynaide
or arsenic and bury the egg in front of the hive (one inch or
so). You'll find the skunk nearby. Buying cyanide/arseic
is a sometimes a problem though - depends on the state/province
you live in.
-- 
R John Northcote
c/o National Capital Freenet


From at664@FreeNet.Carleton.CA Mon Aug  8 12:45:43 EDT 1994
Article: 678 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: at664@FreeNet.Carleton.CA (R John Northcote)
Subject: Re: 1993 Honey Prices
Message-ID: <Cu54y7.ILr@freenet.carleton.ca>
Sender: news@freenet.carleton.ca (Usenet News Admin)
Organization: The National Capital FreeNet, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Date: Sun, 7 Aug 1994 01:18:06 GMT
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Prices in US are usually by the pound (remember that quaint 
Measure?). Here in Canada we usually quote honey in pounds as
well (except for the government which uses Kilos). In 93
Canadian wholesale prices were in the 60-65 cents/pound 
range in 45 gal (CDN) barrels. At the time the exchange
rate was about 1 CDN$ = .79 US$ (currently 72 cnets).
-- 
R John Northcote
c/o National Capital Freenet


From sph@usgp4.ATT.COM Mon Aug  8 12:45:44 EDT 1994
Article: 679 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: sph@usgp4.ATT.COM (nac250300-Hill)
Subject: old honey
Message-ID: <SPH.94Aug7120226@usgp4.ATT.COM>
Sender: news@nntpa.cb.att.com (Netnews Administration)
Nntp-Posting-Host: usgp4.ih.att.com
Organization: AT&T Bell Laboratories
Date: Sun, 7 Aug 1994 17:02:26 GMT
Lines: 19


I have one hive of bees down in central Il, and I have 4 gallons of 
honey left that is 3 - 5 years old.  It used to taste pretty good, but 
it has gotten dark, is crystalized, and does not taste that great 
anymore.  It was not stored in the best of conditions.

If I feed this to my bees will it make this year's crop dark and 
taste old?  Or will the bees "freshen it up" somewhat?

One more question:  I have had this colony for 7 years now, and it was 
re-queened 2 years before I bought it.  Should I consider buying a new 
queen next year, or should I just let them go as long as they seem 
strong ( and they looked great yesterday ).


Thanks in advance

Stephen P. Hill
sph@uscbu.ih.att.com


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Mon Aug  8 12:45:46 EDT 1994
Article: 680 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: old honey
Date: Mon, 8 Aug 1994 07:22:30 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
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In article <SPH.94Aug7120226@usgp4.ATT.COM> sph@usgp4.ATT.COM (nac250300-Hill) writes:
>From: sph@usgp4.ATT.COM (nac250300-Hill)

>honey left that is 3 - 5 years old.  It used to taste pretty good, but 

>If I feed this to my bees will it make this year's crop dark and 
>taste old?  Or will the bees "freshen it up" somewhat?


Usually bees wont store honey that is given to them in a honey condition, 
they will just eat it, and use it for brood food, so it shouldn't affect the 
honey quality.  
BUT are you sure (if it wasn't stored in good conditions) that it is disease 
free???


>One more question:  I have had this colony for 7 years now, and it was 
>re-queened 2 years before I bought it.  Should I consider buying a new 
>queen next year, or should I just let them go as long as they seem 
>strong ( and they looked great yesterday ).

Well...the naverage life span of a queen is about two years, so you should 
have had a few queens since then, although you may not have noticed.  Some 
beekeepers requeen every two to four years, but I only do so if I have an 
unproducitve hive, or one that is paricularly unpleasant to work with.   I 
also like to requeen if I am splitting a hive, because there is a theory 
that leaving a "swarm induced" queen will promote the swarm impulse gene...
if there is such a thing.


Adrian (was I helpful this timt?? hu?  huh?  was I??)


From roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com Mon Aug  8 12:45:48 EDT 1994
Article: 681 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Nntp-Posting-Host: 136.141.220.39
Date: Mon, 8 Aug 1994 07:26:06 -0400
From: roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: world
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Message-ID: <roh033.mah48d-080894072656@136.141.220.39>
References: <sandrock.775502827@aries> <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <31ro0v$8hs@news1.hh.ab.com> <rshough-0508941756060001
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 16

In article <rshough-0508941756060001@rshough.read.tasc.com>,
rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough) wrote:

> In article <31ro0v$8hs@news1.hh.ab.com>, Paul.Ferroni@ab.com wrote:
>
> Ah - it suddenly becomes clear! There are two kinds of "moth balls"!!
> There is the kind that my mom uses to keep the moths out of her sweaters
> (I forget the chemical name), and then there is Paradichlorobenzene (PDB)
> that beekeepers use to deal with Wax moth.

The "other" mothballs (the ones you should NOT use) are naphthalene.  It's
a hydrocarbon (polycyclic hydrocarbon, if you're into details) that would
be quite soluble in wax and would thus diffuse readily into the comb.

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From altabios@bham.ac.uk Mon Aug  8 12:45:50 EDT 1994
Article: 682 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: The hive ain't empty...
Date: 8 Aug 1994 12:10:14 GMT
Organization: The University of Birmingham, UK
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References: <sandrock.776117112@aries>
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X-Newsreader: WinVN version 0.80

In article <sandrock.776117112@aries>, sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark Sandrock) says:
>
>Since I stirred things up a bit with my questions about empty hives
>and robber bees, I thought it might be good to let people know what
>I've found since then.
>
>Today at lunchtime I opened the hive and found a lot of bees crawling
>about. They were especially dense on the sunnier side of the hive as
>opposed to the shady side. I could see that they were busy adding comb
>on three frames closest to the side. In fact, these frames looked so
>thick with comb that I did not initially try to move them, but instead
>removed one of the middle frames. It had some honey cells along the
>top, which I remembered from before, but in the center there appeared
>to be brood cells on which the covering was broken. I don't know if
>this is a normal appearance for hatched out cells, so this concerned
>me somewhat.
>
>The bees seemed quite calm and gentle. A dozen or two were floating
>around the hive, a few seemed to check me out, but they mostly seemed to
>ignore me--a rather gratifying attitude to my way of thinking. :-)
>
>I could easily see dozens of bees crawling around on the frames, and
>one thing that puzzled me a bit was they mostly seemed to ignore the
>smoke I would puff at them occasionally. Still, it felt reassuring to
>have the smoker handy.
>
>I'm going out of town this weekend, but next week I intend to look at
>a few more frames and try to spot the queen and/or active brood cells.
>
>Anyway, my newbie impression is that a colony has indeed moved in,
>but perhaps someone would care to interpret what I've seen so far.
>
>Thanks again to everyone for the helpful comments.
>
>Mark Sandrock
>-- 
>Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign   "Fruechte reifen durch die Sonne,
>Chemical Sciences Computer Center        Menschen durch die Liebe."
>505 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801                   --Julius Langbehn
>Email: sandrock@uiuc.edu



Seeing brood cells with the tops broken is a disturbing sign. The only time
this should happen is when the new bee is coming out. The cap is then quickly
removed and the cell cleaned up for the next occupant. It may be that these
contain dead bees and they have been opened by the new workers. 
It's hard to quantify numbers of bees by Email but you should be seeing
frames covered with bees, in their hundreds. Certainly they may not move
for smoke, the main effect of smoke is to make them feed and get so full
they can't sting you.
I would suggest looking for eggs and brood. If they are there, you have a working
queen.


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:50 EDT 1994
Article: 683 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Mon, 08 Aug 94 10:52:16 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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References: <sandrock.775502827@aries> <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <roadent.501.2E442EA7@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

Some final comments on my "Empty Hive" missal.
 
First, I'm glad that readers saw through the flames and took the face
value of my post.  Bees will do what bees will do, beekeeper or not.
There are no value judgments involved.  Bees will visit an empty
hive, irregardless of the reasons why the hive is empty.  Valid
reasons or bad excuses don't matter to the bees who see an empty hive
as an empty hive.
 
Concerning the moth ball thread, I guess it breaks down into a couple
of things: commercial vs hobby beekeeping and greens vs browns
(organic vs chemicals).  I am a hobby beekeeper with twenty years
experience.  My beekeeping concerns are small potatoes.  I don't have
to store large numbers of honey supers and am able to spend more
time/labor tending my equipment.  My goal in keeping bees is to be
outside enjoying the buzz.  The hobby is its own reward, the honey
harvest is a bonus.  I also lean towards the green side.  I garden
organically whenever possible, although I've been known to resort to
herbicides (flower gardens only, never vegetable/consumable gardens)
when the weeding task is beyond my ability to handle it organically.
I do however, avoid nonorganic pesticides at all costs.  Better to
lose to the buggers than poison them with chemicals in my book.
 
This explains my distaste for fumigants, sanctioned or not.  I too
got out my copy of "The_Hive_and_the_Honeybee" and read up on
fumigants.  Finding a reference that says that it's ok to use PDB
and/or moth crystals doesn't make it ok for ME to use it/them.
Knowing that the U.S. government says that after three days of airing
out the supers they will be "OK" doesn't necessarily give me comfort,
although I ALWAYS believe whatever the governments says ;-) .
 
As a small potatoes beekeeper, I am able to wrap ALL of my honey
supers in plastic garbage bags and with diligence, I can avoid
problems with wax moths.  I have no need to resort to fumigants when
mechanics will serve my needs.  I would probably sing a different tune
were my operation multiplied a hundred fold, but I am more comfortable
knowing that my honey has not been exposed to fumigants, whether used
properly or not.  When a query is posted about whether honey is
exposed to chemicals, the answer can't be "No, it was produced in
honey supers that were exposed to chemicals in a sanctioned manner",
the answer is "Yes, the honey has been exposed to chemicals".  It's up
to the consumer to decide to what degree they are comfortable with the
USDA sanctioned exposure.
 
Laying all my cards on the table, I'll admit to using Apistan.  I've
lost too many hives to mites, and there is no alternative at the
present time, so USDA sanctions away, I use the strips and follow the
"moving target" directions.  I'm not reassured by following the
directions and I know that at least on a molecular level, my honey
contains a contaminate that it did not before I started using the
strips.  I'm not comfortable with whatever level of contaminates there
may or may not be, but given the alternatives I'll use the strips and
live with the discomfort.
 
This is not meant to start off an organic vs chemicals flame war,
that's already covered on rec.gardens.  I'll continue to avoid
fumigants, I'll continue to use Apistan, I'll continue to monitor
progress on genetic resistance, and I'll continue to be comforted in
knowing that the honey produced by my bees has a lower level of
exposure to sanctioned chemicals than most.
 
Cheers!
Aaron Morris
 
P.S. On a different note, while browsing "The_Hive_and_the_Honeybee" I
stumbled across a reference to a US president in the '70s who was a
real believer in the positive benefits of bee pollen, but the
reference didn't say which US president (Nixon, Ford, Carter, Regan).
I'll bet it was Carter, but does anyone know for sure?


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:52 EDT 1994
Article: 684 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: "Mothballs" as a fumigant?
Date: Mon, 08 Aug 94 11:12:33 EDT
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>In article <rshough-0508941756060001@rshough.read.tasc.com>,
>rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough) wrote:
>
>> ...
>> Ah - it suddenly becomes clear! There are two kinds of "moth balls"!!
>> There is the kind that my mom uses to keep the moths out of her
>> sweaters (I forget the chemical name), and then there is
>> Paradichlorobenzene (PDB) that beekeepers use to deal with Wax moth.
>
>The "other" mothballs (the ones you should NOT use) are naphthalene.
>It's a hydrocarbon (polycyclic hydrocarbon, if you're into details)
>that would be quite soluble in wax and would thus diffuse readily into
>the comb.
>--
>John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
>roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company. "
 
Thanks to Rick and especially John for clarifying this.  Quite a
difference there, no?  That's one thing that bothers me about the
Information Superhighway: the ability to disperse misinformation
worldwide.  Perhaps there is more to be learned from Adrian's sig ("No
help at All!?") than meets the eye!  (Not attributing misinformation
to Adrian, just acknowledging his sig).
 
Again, thanks to those who set this record straight!  Keep up the
good work!  Perhaps there should be a very explicit section in the
FAQ along the lines "Can I use my mother's moth balls to control
wax moths?"?
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Mon Aug  8 12:45:52 EDT 1994
Article: 685 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: The hive ain't empty...
Date: Mon, 08 Aug 94 11:14:44 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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In article <sandrock.776117112@aries>
sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark Sandrock) writes:
 
>    ... one of the middle frames ... had some honey cells along the
>top, which I remembered from before, but in the center there appeared
>to be brood cells on which the covering was broken. I don't know if
>this is a normal appearance for hatched out cells, so this concerned
>me somewhat.
 
This COULD be a bad sign.  Normal appearance for hatched out cells is
a bee emerging/chewing its way through the cell cap.  If there are no
emerging bees evident there may me reasons for concern.  If there are
dead bees behind the broken caps there is definite cause for concern,
as this is a symptom of American Foulbrood.
 
The good news is that you're poking around in the hive!  Check again,
but go throught the entire hive.  The capping pattern as you described
may be normal, but it's hard to say without knowing what things looked
like surrounding that frame.  It may be the case that the middle frame
you picked was an area of the brood chamber that had just hatched all
of the bees and had not yet been reused by the queen.  Hopefully, this
is the case.  Or, it may be indicative of a brood disease.  The things
to look for are whether the cells are empty and clean, ready for the
next generation, and how the pattern you observed compares to the
pattern of the surrounding frames.
 
Also, use your other senses: sound and smell.  These are harder senses
to develope and exploit when working your bees, but they are very
valuable to the beekeeper.  Listen to the buzzing of the bees.  Is it a
busy, hive at work sort of sound (that's the impression I get from your
description) or is it a stressed tone?  It's hard to describe the
difference, and perhaps the destinction only comes with experience.
Smell is also important.  Does the hive smell normal?  Literature describes
the smell of foulbrood as sickly sweet, but it's hard to put those words
into an olfactory experience other than to experience it.  And if you are
able to experience it, learn it(!), because it's not an experience you'll
care to oft' repeat.
 
Otherwise, it sounds like you're getting into the experience of
beekeeping.  Good luck with your subsequent inspections!
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From mthunzeker@aol.com Fri Aug 12 10:57:16 EDT 1994
Article: 665 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mthunzeker@aol.com (MTHunzeker)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Insecticide in bee venom?
Date: 4 Aug 1994 23:49:05 -0400
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One of the members of our local beekeepers association was checking his
colonies after finding some spray kill and got stung.  (They sure don't
like to get sprayed!)  His reaction was quite a bit more severe than
usual with a very large red area and swelling.  He was worried he had
developed a serious allergic reaction, but has been stung numerous 
times since then and only had a standard (mild) response.

So we are wondering if it is possible for a bee to pass on an
insecticide in her venom?  Has any research been performed in this
area?

Mike Hunzeker
MTHunzeker@aol.com
Boulder County Colorado Beekeeper



From mthunzeker@aol.com Fri Aug 12 10:57:17 EDT 1994
Article: 666 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mthunzeker@aol.com (MTHunzeker)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: PENCAP-M (?) Insecticide
Date: 4 Aug 1994 23:51:05 -0400
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(This seems to be my night for insecticide questions.)

A local aerial applicator is pushing PENCAP-M (I think I have the name
right) for treating corn just after it has tassled.  According to one 
of the commercial beekeepers in our local beekeepers association, 
PENCAP is a serious threat to bees, especially in tassling corn, but 
the applicator maintains that he "doesn't ever see any bees in corn" 
(probably because he is flying 6 feet above it at 60 knots).

Is this actually a legal use of PENCAP?  Does anyone have any 
experience with this?  Are there studies we can use to demonstrate the 
danger of PENCAP?  Has anyone been successful in forcing limits on the 
use of PENCAP?

Any available information would be greatly appreciated.

Mike Hunzeker
MTHunzeker@aol.com
Boulder County Colorado Beekeeper



From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Fri Aug 12 10:57:18 EDT 1994
Article: 667 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: PENCAP-M (?) Insecticide
Message-ID: <Cu2AAB.AA4@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
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Date: Fri, 5 Aug 1994 12:20:35 GMT
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In article <31scv9$n9e@search01.news.aol.com>,
MTHunzeker <mthunzeker@aol.com> wrote:
>A local aerial applicator is pushing PENCAP-M (I think I have the name
>right) for treating corn just after it has tassled.  According to one 
>of the commercial beekeepers in our local beekeepers association, 
>PENCAP is a serious threat to bees, especially in tassling corn, but 
>the applicator maintains that he "doesn't ever see any bees in corn" 
>(probably because he is flying 6 feet above it at 60 knots).
 Mike, check with your state apiarist, about the law. Here in VA, if there
are known bees present, an applicator must notify the beekeeeper well ahead
of time before application, for it is illegal to spray during bee flight
as per the label.  PENCAP-M resembles pollen,
and since bees are working corn, gathering pollen, PENCAP-M,
applied at this time , would be deadly to colonies foraging.
The applicator needs to know that there are bees present. Involve your
Dept. of Agriculture in this issue, bee inspection or the State apiarist's
office, but get somebody on the situation.
 Label laws are very hard to enforce in bee kills.
Adam
(VA Bee inspector)
-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Fri Aug 12 10:57:19 EDT 1994
Article: 668 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Insecticide in bee venom?
Date: Fri, 05 Aug 94 08:43:43 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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In article <31scrh$n7j@search01.news.aol.com>
mthunzeker@aol.com (MTHunzeker) writes:
 
>So we are wondering if it is possible for a bee to pass on an
>insecticide in her venom?  Has any research been performed in this
>area?
 
Stating up front that this is mere speculation on my part, I would
imagine that insecticide would do in/off/kill a bee before there would
be time for any insecticidal residues to be absorbed/transferred to
bee venom.  Furthermore, I'd speculate that a poisoned bee would not be
up to the task of defending a hive or stinging a beekeeper: she'd be
too busy kicking the bucket!


From rsrodger@wam.umd.edu Fri Aug 12 10:57:20 EDT 1994
Article: 669 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rsrodger@wam.umd.edu (R S Rodgers)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Fri, 05 Aug 1994 12:14:54 -0500
Organization: University of Maryland College Park
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In article <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>,
SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) wrote:
> (worst case scenario (American Foulbrood) calls for
> treatment by fire).

Pardon a question from an interested reader (no knowledge whatsoever
of beekeeping), but what are "Robber Bees" (wasps?) and what is
American Foulbrood?

I ask because I'm curious as to what kinds of diseases strike bees.
In my pesticide class, we covered the use of biological agents instead
of chemical pesticides (fungi, etc.), but nothing about diseases that
strike beneficial insects.

--
Previous .sig deleted because some people couldn't parse "from email
_received_ re: a post on comp.sys.powerpc."



From sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu Fri Aug 12 10:57:22 EDT 1994
Article: 670 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark Sandrock)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: The hive ain't empty...
Date: 5 Aug 94 20:05:12 GMT
Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana
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Since I stirred things up a bit with my questions about empty hives
and robber bees, I thought it might be good to let people know what
I've found since then.

Today at lunchtime I opened the hive and found a lot of bees crawling
about. They were especially dense on the sunnier side of the hive as
opposed to the shady side. I could see that they were busy adding comb
on three frames closest to the side. In fact, these frames looked so
thick with comb that I did not initially try to move them, but instead
removed one of the middle frames. It had some honey cells along the
top, which I remembered from before, but in the center there appeared
to be brood cells on which the covering was broken. I don't know if
this is a normal appearance for hatched out cells, so this concerned
me somewhat.

The bees seemed quite calm and gentle. A dozen or two were floating
around the hive, a few seemed to check me out, but they mostly seemed to
ignore me--a rather gratifying attitude to my way of thinking. :-)

I could easily see dozens of bees crawling around on the frames, and
one thing that puzzled me a bit was they mostly seemed to ignore the
smoke I would puff at them occasionally. Still, it felt reassuring to
have the smoker handy.

I'm going out of town this weekend, but next week I intend to look at
a few more frames and try to spot the queen and/or active brood cells.

Anyway, my newbie impression is that a colony has indeed moved in,
but perhaps someone would care to interpret what I've seen so far.

Thanks again to everyone for the helpful comments.

Mark Sandrock
-- 
Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign	"Fruechte reifen durch die Sonne,
Chemical Sciences Computer Center	 Menschen durch die Liebe."
505 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801			--Julius Langbehn
Email: sandrock@uiuc.edu


From rshough@tasc.com Fri Aug 12 10:57:23 EDT 1994
Article: 671 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Fri, 05 Aug 1994 17:56:06 -0500
Organization: TASC
Lines: 55
Distribution: world
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In article <31ro0v$8hs@news1.hh.ab.com>, Paul.Ferroni@ab.com wrote:

> In article <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>,
SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) writes:
> > I'm surprised that there isn't more concern about the "Empty Hive"
> > thread that has been going on the past few days.  
> 
> [...munch...]
> 
> > And while I'm on my soapbox, does anyone else have a problem with the
> > moth balls on top of the frames suggestion?  Especially when the very
> > same posting states that the wax WILL absorb moth ball chemicals!
> > Can you spell honey contamination?  I can just picture a honey judge:
> > "Hmmm.  Nice color.  Pleasant order with just the right subtle
> > undertones of moth balls!"  Glad I am that I've never had the pleasure.
> >  
> 
>   I am the poster of the mothballs suggestion...  My (longwinded) comments 
> follow.
 [...munch...]
> NOTE: No mention of Paradichlorobenzene (moth balls) in this section.

Ah - it suddenly becomes clear! There are two kinds of "moth balls"!!
There is the kind that my mom uses to keep the moths out of her sweaters
(I forget the chemical name), and then there is Paradichlorobenzene (PDB)
that beekeepers use to deal with Wax moth.

I'm under the impression that use of PDB on stored comb is widespread, and
not detrimental to the comb, although there is a need to air out the combs
for several days prior to putting them on the hives.

While my mom's moth balls would probably kill the wax moth, I'm pretty
sure that there is a problem with that chemical staying in the wax. Besides,
my mom's moth balls aren't labeled (read legal) for use on combs (I think
PDB is labeled for use on stored comb... isn't it??)

Any comment, Aaron??

> The bottom line is that its obviously best to keep stong hives, and store
> your empty supers in sealed bags, in cold areas (freezing) where possible.

Amen to that!!

Have a good weekend, all!

Rick Hough

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion, and not my employer's or anyone else's.


From rshough@tasc.com Fri Aug 12 10:57:24 EDT 1994
Article: 672 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Fri, 05 Aug 1994 18:16:14 -0500
Organization: TASC
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In article <-LcGkO9RtM7B069yn@wam.umd.edu>, rsrodger@wam.umd.edu wrote:

> In article <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>,
> SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) wrote:
> > (worst case scenario (American Foulbrood) calls for
> > treatment by fire).
> 
> Pardon a question from an interested reader (no knowledge whatsoever
> of beekeeping), but what are "Robber Bees" (wasps?) and what is
> American Foulbrood?

Robber Bees = honey bees that come from a different hive to steal honey
from a weak or uninhabited hive.

American Foulbrood (AFB) is a disease of honeybee brood (young bees)
- it strikes the pupal stage, and is fatal to the individual bees
that it infects. If enough individuals get it, it can kill an entire hive.
It is spread by spores, which can contaminate the honey (thus the
transference of AFB by robber bees), as well as the combs. AFB
spores are not dangerous to humans - our digestive system takes care
of that, but the poor bees don't fare so well. The darn spores are
very tough to kill, and thus the fire treatment is the method of choice
for dealing with serious infections.

Hope this answers your questions.

Rick

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion, and not my employer's or anyone else's.


From chowe@cthoneybee.win.net Fri Aug 12 10:57:25 EDT 1994
Article: 673 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Message-ID: <138@cthoneybee.win.net>
References: <31scv9$n9e@search01.news.aol.com>
Reply-To: chowe@cthoneybee.win.net (Charles Howe)
From: chowe@cthoneybee.win.net (Charles Howe)
Date: Sat, 06 Aug 1994 06:04:57 GMT
Subject: Re: PENCAP-M (?) Insecticide
Lines: 68

 
In article <31scv9$n9e@search01.news.aol.com>, MTHunzeker (mthunzeker@aol.com) writes:
>(This seems to be my night for insecticide questions.)
>
>A local aerial applicator is pushing PENCAP-M (I think I have the name
>right) for treating corn just after it has tassled.  According to one 
>of the commercial beekeepers in our local beekeepers association, 
>PENCAP is a serious threat to bees, especially in tassling corn, but 
>the applicator maintains that he "doesn't ever see any bees in corn" 
>(probably because he is flying 6 feet above it at 60 knots).
>
>Is this actually a legal use of PENCAP?  Does anyone have any 
>experience with this?  Are there studies we can use to demonstrate the 
>danger of PENCAP?  Has anyone been successful in forcing limits on the 
>use of PENCAP?
>
>Any available information would be greatly appreciated.
>
>Mike Hunzeker
>MTHunzeker@aol.com
>Boulder County Colorado Beekeeper
>
>
Oh yes,

Pencap-M is micro-encapsilated methylparathion as I recall. Until
Connecticut's regulation was modified to stop the use of this
material on tasseling corn we were loosing many colonies to
methylparathion poisoning every year in CT. This stuff is
particularly deadly to bees since they apparantly gather the stuff
along with the pollen (they seem to *not* be able to discriminate
between pollen and the capsules of insecticide). Once the stuff is
brought back to the colony it gets incorporated into the combs
(wax probably) and is left there when the colony expires. When new
bees are installed into the colony they may also die from the
remaining material in the combs. 

For our bees corn pollen ranks up there with dandylion pollen as
favorites among the top five. When corn tassels my bees pollen
production jumps from about 1/3 cup per day to 2 cups of corn pollen.

To get a regulation limiting the use of Pencap-M in CT. we started
by sending insecticide killed bees to the State Entomologist for
analysis. This showed that, as I recall, about 1/2 of the bees were
killed by the active ingredient in Pencap-M. If it wasn't 1/2 it
was the largest single insecticide killer of bees. At that point, we
(the CT. Beekeepers Assn.) hired a lawyer for advice and the process
of getting a regulation in CT. stopping the use of Pencap-M on
tasseling corn left the Association with a substantial debt. 

We went through this process over 10 years ago. I don't know if it
ended up in a change in the label for other states, but
Connecticut's more limiting use restrictions for Pencap-M still
stands. It is noteworthy, that after the regulation went into
affect the number of insecticide poisonings sharply declined.

If more detailed information is required I will try to come up with
names and addresses of people who worked closely with the problem
at that time.

   -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  | Chuck Howe - Editor                     | Phone or FAX: (203)491-2338 |
  | Connecticut Honey Bee                   | 86, 5 1/2 Mile Road         |
  | INTERNET - CHOWE@CTHONEYBEE.WIN.NET     | Goshen, CT. 06756           |
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From rsrodger@wam.umd.edu Fri Aug 12 10:57:26 EDT 1994
Article: 674 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rsrodger@wam.umd.edu (R S Rodgers)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Sat, 06 Aug 1994 10:22:17 -0500
Organization: University of Maryland College Park
Lines: 10
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References: <sandrock.775502827@aries> <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <-LcGkO9RtM7B069yn@wam.umd.edu> <rshough-0508941816140001@rshough.read.tasc.com>
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In article <rshough-0508941816140001@rshough.read.tasc.com>,
rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough) wrote:
> Hope this answers your questions.

Yes, thanks.

--
Previous .sig deleted because some people couldn't parse "from email
_received_ re: a post on comp.sys.powerpc."



From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Fri Aug 12 10:57:27 EDT 1994
Article: 675 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Sun, 7 Aug 1994 00:45:27 GMT
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Message-ID: <roadent.501.2E442EA7@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
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NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-03.cc.monash.edu.au

In article <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) writes:
>From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
>Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
>Date: Wed, 03 Aug 94 10:06:08 EDT

>I'm surprised that there isn't more concern about the "Empty Hive"
>thread that has been going on the past few days.  The scenario was

In quick defence of myself, I did express some such concerns (I always do....
I am on a CRUSADE against diseases...my fathers entire apiary was wiped out 
by AFB) I did actaully reply along that vein, but from my other account, and 
I don't seem to be able to get the news posting facility on that acount to 
work...


Adrian (trying to help myself this time....)


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Fri Aug 12 10:57:28 EDT 1994
Article: 676 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: The hive ain't empty...
Date: Sun, 7 Aug 1994 00:59:21 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 31
Message-ID: <roadent.503.2E4431E9@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
References: <sandrock.776117112@aries>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-03.cc.monash.edu.au

In article <sandrock.776117112@aries> sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark Sandrock) writes:
>From: sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark Sandrock)

>Today at lunchtime I opened the hive and found a lot of bees crawling
>about. They were especially dense on the sunnier side of the hive as

That sounds reasonably typical of a colony (to me at least)


>opposed to the shady side. I could see that they were busy adding comb
>on three frames closest to the side. In fact, these frames looked so
>thick with comb that I did not initially try to move them, but instead
>removed one of the middle frames. It had some honey cells along the

The way I usually open up a hive is to remove one of the edge frames, in 
your case, the shady side one as it would have less bees and wax on it, 
then move the others across so that you have room to manipulate them.


>top, which I remembered from before, but in the center there appeared
>to be brood cells on which the covering was broken. I don't know if

Find some literature on AFB, and compare any pictures in it with what you 
see...also chalk brrod, EFB, and other brood diseases.  If you are still in 
doubt, cut a piece of the affected comb and send it to a bee inspector  type 
place...they will be able to give an accurate diagnosis (free in 
australia...)


apart from all that, good luck, and enjoy.
Adrian.


From at664@FreeNet.Carleton.CA Fri Aug 12 10:57:29 EDT 1994
Article: 677 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: at664@FreeNet.Carleton.CA (R John Northcote)
Subject: Re: What do I do about skunks?
Message-ID: <Cu54nt.ID1@freenet.carleton.ca>
Sender: news@freenet.carleton.ca (Usenet News Admin)
Organization: The National Capital FreeNet, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Date: Sun, 7 Aug 1994 01:11:53 GMT
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Skunks will scratch at the entrance and eat the bees as they come
out to investigate. I have some bottom boards with 3/8 inch
scratches in them from the skunks. I have found a dead skunk in
one of my yards but otherwise know of two methods which  work.
The first is to have a landlord (eg farmer) who shoots them 
for me with asking - aim for the backbone/neck sho he doesn't
'fire'. THe other method is to inject a raw egg with cynaide
or arsenic and bury the egg in front of the hive (one inch or
so). You'll find the skunk nearby. Buying cyanide/arseic
is a sometimes a problem though - depends on the state/province
you live in.
-- 
R John Northcote
c/o National Capital Freenet


From at664@FreeNet.Carleton.CA Fri Aug 12 10:57:30 EDT 1994
Article: 678 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: at664@FreeNet.Carleton.CA (R John Northcote)
Subject: Re: 1993 Honey Prices
Message-ID: <Cu54y7.ILr@freenet.carleton.ca>
Sender: news@freenet.carleton.ca (Usenet News Admin)
Organization: The National Capital FreeNet, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Date: Sun, 7 Aug 1994 01:18:06 GMT
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Prices in US are usually by the pound (remember that quaint 
Measure?). Here in Canada we usually quote honey in pounds as
well (except for the government which uses Kilos). In 93
Canadian wholesale prices were in the 60-65 cents/pound 
range in 45 gal (CDN) barrels. At the time the exchange
rate was about 1 CDN$ = .79 US$ (currently 72 cnets).
-- 
R John Northcote
c/o National Capital Freenet


From sph@usgp4.ATT.COM Fri Aug 12 10:57:31 EDT 1994
Article: 679 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: sph@usgp4.ATT.COM (nac250300-Hill)
Subject: old honey
Message-ID: <SPH.94Aug7120226@usgp4.ATT.COM>
Sender: news@nntpa.cb.att.com (Netnews Administration)
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Date: Sun, 7 Aug 1994 17:02:26 GMT
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I have one hive of bees down in central Il, and I have 4 gallons of 
honey left that is 3 - 5 years old.  It used to taste pretty good, but 
it has gotten dark, is crystalized, and does not taste that great 
anymore.  It was not stored in the best of conditions.

If I feed this to my bees will it make this year's crop dark and 
taste old?  Or will the bees "freshen it up" somewhat?

One more question:  I have had this colony for 7 years now, and it was 
re-queened 2 years before I bought it.  Should I consider buying a new 
queen next year, or should I just let them go as long as they seem 
strong ( and they looked great yesterday ).


Thanks in advance

Stephen P. Hill
sph@uscbu.ih.att.com


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Fri Aug 12 10:57:31 EDT 1994
Article: 680 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: old honey
Date: Mon, 8 Aug 1994 07:22:30 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
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In article <SPH.94Aug7120226@usgp4.ATT.COM> sph@usgp4.ATT.COM (nac250300-Hill) writes:
>From: sph@usgp4.ATT.COM (nac250300-Hill)

>honey left that is 3 - 5 years old.  It used to taste pretty good, but 

>If I feed this to my bees will it make this year's crop dark and 
>taste old?  Or will the bees "freshen it up" somewhat?


Usually bees wont store honey that is given to them in a honey condition, 
they will just eat it, and use it for brood food, so it shouldn't affect the 
honey quality.  
BUT are you sure (if it wasn't stored in good conditions) that it is disease 
free???


>One more question:  I have had this colony for 7 years now, and it was 
>re-queened 2 years before I bought it.  Should I consider buying a new 
>queen next year, or should I just let them go as long as they seem 
>strong ( and they looked great yesterday ).

Well...the naverage life span of a queen is about two years, so you should 
have had a few queens since then, although you may not have noticed.  Some 
beekeepers requeen every two to four years, but I only do so if I have an 
unproducitve hive, or one that is paricularly unpleasant to work with.   I 
also like to requeen if I am splitting a hive, because there is a theory 
that leaving a "swarm induced" queen will promote the swarm impulse gene...
if there is such a thing.


Adrian (was I helpful this timt?? hu?  huh?  was I??)


From roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com Fri Aug 12 10:57:32 EDT 1994
Article: 681 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Date: Mon, 8 Aug 1994 07:26:06 -0400
From: roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: world
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Message-ID: <roh033.mah48d-080894072656@136.141.220.39>
References: <sandrock.775502827@aries> <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <31ro0v$8hs@news1.hh.ab.com> <rshough-0508941756060001
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 16

In article <rshough-0508941756060001@rshough.read.tasc.com>,
rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough) wrote:

> In article <31ro0v$8hs@news1.hh.ab.com>, Paul.Ferroni@ab.com wrote:
>
> Ah - it suddenly becomes clear! There are two kinds of "moth balls"!!
> There is the kind that my mom uses to keep the moths out of her sweaters
> (I forget the chemical name), and then there is Paradichlorobenzene (PDB)
> that beekeepers use to deal with Wax moth.

The "other" mothballs (the ones you should NOT use) are naphthalene.  It's
a hydrocarbon (polycyclic hydrocarbon, if you're into details) that would
be quite soluble in wax and would thus diffuse readily into the comb.

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From altabios@bham.ac.uk Fri Aug 12 10:57:34 EDT 1994
Article: 682 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: The hive ain't empty...
Date: 8 Aug 1994 12:10:14 GMT
Organization: The University of Birmingham, UK
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References: <sandrock.776117112@aries>
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X-Newsreader: WinVN version 0.80

In article <sandrock.776117112@aries>, sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark Sandrock) says:
>
>Since I stirred things up a bit with my questions about empty hives
>and robber bees, I thought it might be good to let people know what
>I've found since then.
>
>Today at lunchtime I opened the hive and found a lot of bees crawling
>about. They were especially dense on the sunnier side of the hive as
>opposed to the shady side. I could see that they were busy adding comb
>on three frames closest to the side. In fact, these frames looked so
>thick with comb that I did not initially try to move them, but instead
>removed one of the middle frames. It had some honey cells along the
>top, which I remembered from before, but in the center there appeared
>to be brood cells on which the covering was broken. I don't know if
>this is a normal appearance for hatched out cells, so this concerned
>me somewhat.
>
>The bees seemed quite calm and gentle. A dozen or two were floating
>around the hive, a few seemed to check me out, but they mostly seemed to
>ignore me--a rather gratifying attitude to my way of thinking. :-)
>
>I could easily see dozens of bees crawling around on the frames, and
>one thing that puzzled me a bit was they mostly seemed to ignore the
>smoke I would puff at them occasionally. Still, it felt reassuring to
>have the smoker handy.
>
>I'm going out of town this weekend, but next week I intend to look at
>a few more frames and try to spot the queen and/or active brood cells.
>
>Anyway, my newbie impression is that a colony has indeed moved in,
>but perhaps someone would care to interpret what I've seen so far.
>
>Thanks again to everyone for the helpful comments.
>
>Mark Sandrock
>-- 
>Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign   "Fruechte reifen durch die Sonne,
>Chemical Sciences Computer Center        Menschen durch die Liebe."
>505 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801                   --Julius Langbehn
>Email: sandrock@uiuc.edu



Seeing brood cells with the tops broken is a disturbing sign. The only time
this should happen is when the new bee is coming out. The cap is then quickly
removed and the cell cleaned up for the next occupant. It may be that these
contain dead bees and they have been opened by the new workers. 
It's hard to quantify numbers of bees by Email but you should be seeing
frames covered with bees, in their hundreds. Certainly they may not move
for smoke, the main effect of smoke is to make them feed and get so full
they can't sting you.
I would suggest looking for eggs and brood. If they are there, you have a working
queen.


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Fri Aug 12 10:57:35 EDT 1994
Article: 683 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty hive?
Date: Mon, 08 Aug 94 10:52:16 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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Message-ID: <1700C98E5S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <sandrock.775502827@aries> <170078E13S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <roadent.501.2E442EA7@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

Some final comments on my "Empty Hive" missal.
 
First, I'm glad that readers saw through the flames and took the face
value of my post.  Bees will do what bees will do, beekeeper or not.
There are no value judgments involved.  Bees will visit an empty
hive, irregardless of the reasons why the hive is empty.  Valid
reasons or bad excuses don't matter to the bees who see an empty hive
as an empty hive.
 
Concerning the moth ball thread, I guess it breaks down into a couple
of things: commercial vs hobby beekeeping and greens vs browns
(organic vs chemicals).  I am a hobby beekeeper with twenty years
experience.  My beekeeping concerns are small potatoes.  I don't have
to store large numbers of honey supers and am able to spend more
time/labor tending my equipment.  My goal in keeping bees is to be
outside enjoying the buzz.  The hobby is its own reward, the honey
harvest is a bonus.  I also lean towards the green side.  I garden
organically whenever possible, although I've been known to resort to
herbicides (flower gardens only, never vegetable/consumable gardens)
when the weeding task is beyond my ability to handle it organically.
I do however, avoid nonorganic pesticides at all costs.  Better to
lose to the buggers than poison them with chemicals in my book.
 
This explains my distaste for fumigants, sanctioned or not.  I too
got out my copy of "The_Hive_and_the_Honeybee" and read up on
fumigants.  Finding a reference that says that it's ok to use PDB
and/or moth crystals doesn't make it ok for ME to use it/them.
Knowing that the U.S. government says that after three days of airing
out the supers they will be "OK" doesn't necessarily give me comfort,
although I ALWAYS believe whatever the governments says ;-) .
 
As a small potatoes beekeeper, I am able to wrap ALL of my honey
supers in plastic garbage bags and with diligence, I can avoid
problems with wax moths.  I have no need to resort to fumigants when
mechanics will serve my needs.  I would probably sing a different tune
were my operation multiplied a hundred fold, but I am more comfortable
knowing that my honey has not been exposed to fumigants, whether used
properly or not.  When a query is posted about whether honey is
exposed to chemicals, the answer can't be "No, it was produced in
honey supers that were exposed to chemicals in a sanctioned manner",
the answer is "Yes, the honey has been exposed to chemicals".  It's up
to the consumer to decide to what degree they are comfortable with the
USDA sanctioned exposure.
 
Laying all my cards on the table, I'll admit to using Apistan.  I've
lost too many hives to mites, and there is no alternative at the
present time, so USDA sanctions away, I use the strips and follow the
"moving target" directions.  I'm not reassured by following the
directions and I know that at least on a molecular level, my honey
contains a contaminate that it did not before I started using the
strips.  I'm not comfortable with whatever level of contaminates there
may or may not be, but given the alternatives I'll use the strips and
live with the discomfort.
 
This is not meant to start off an organic vs chemicals flame war,
that's already covered on rec.gardens.  I'll continue to avoid
fumigants, I'll continue to use Apistan, I'll continue to monitor
progress on genetic resistance, and I'll continue to be comforted in
knowing that the honey produced by my bees has a lower level of
exposure to sanctioned chemicals than most.
 
Cheers!
Aaron Morris
 
P.S. On a different note, while browsing "The_Hive_and_the_Honeybee" I
stumbled across a reference to a US president in the '70s who was a
real believer in the positive benefits of bee pollen, but the
reference didn't say which US president (Nixon, Ford, Carter, Regan).
I'll bet it was Carter, but does anyone know for sure?


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Fri Aug 12 10:57:36 EDT 1994
Article: 684 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: "Mothballs" as a fumigant?
Date: Mon, 08 Aug 94 11:12:33 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 30
Message-ID: <1700C9DA1S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

>In article <rshough-0508941756060001@rshough.read.tasc.com>,
>rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough) wrote:
>
>> ...
>> Ah - it suddenly becomes clear! There are two kinds of "moth balls"!!
>> There is the kind that my mom uses to keep the moths out of her
>> sweaters (I forget the chemical name), and then there is
>> Paradichlorobenzene (PDB) that beekeepers use to deal with Wax moth.
>
>The "other" mothballs (the ones you should NOT use) are naphthalene.
>It's a hydrocarbon (polycyclic hydrocarbon, if you're into details)
>that would be quite soluble in wax and would thus diffuse readily into
>the comb.
>--
>John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
>roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company. "
 
Thanks to Rick and especially John for clarifying this.  Quite a
difference there, no?  That's one thing that bothers me about the
Information Superhighway: the ability to disperse misinformation
worldwide.  Perhaps there is more to be learned from Adrian's sig ("No
help at All!?") than meets the eye!  (Not attributing misinformation
to Adrian, just acknowledging his sig).
 
Again, thanks to those who set this record straight!  Keep up the
good work!  Perhaps there should be a very explicit section in the
FAQ along the lines "Can I use my mother's moth balls to control
wax moths?"?
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Fri Aug 12 10:57:37 EDT 1994
Article: 685 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: The hive ain't empty...
Date: Mon, 08 Aug 94 11:14:44 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 42
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References: <sandrock.776117112@aries>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <sandrock.776117112@aries>
sandrock@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Mark Sandrock) writes:
 
>    ... one of the middle frames ... had some honey cells along the
>top, which I remembered from before, but in the center there appeared
>to be brood cells on which the covering was broken. I don't know if
>this is a normal appearance for hatched out cells, so this concerned
>me somewhat.
 
This COULD be a bad sign.  Normal appearance for hatched out cells is
a bee emerging/chewing its way through the cell cap.  If there are no
emerging bees evident there may me reasons for concern.  If there are
dead bees behind the broken caps there is definite cause for concern,
as this is a symptom of American Foulbrood.
 
The good news is that you're poking around in the hive!  Check again,
but go throught the entire hive.  The capping pattern as you described
may be normal, but it's hard to say without knowing what things looked
like surrounding that frame.  It may be the case that the middle frame
you picked was an area of the brood chamber that had just hatched all
of the bees and had not yet been reused by the queen.  Hopefully, this
is the case.  Or, it may be indicative of a brood disease.  The things
to look for are whether the cells are empty and clean, ready for the
next generation, and how the pattern you observed compares to the
pattern of the surrounding frames.
 
Also, use your other senses: sound and smell.  These are harder senses
to develope and exploit when working your bees, but they are very
valuable to the beekeeper.  Listen to the buzzing of the bees.  Is it a
busy, hive at work sort of sound (that's the impression I get from your
description) or is it a stressed tone?  It's hard to describe the
difference, and perhaps the destinction only comes with experience.
Smell is also important.  Does the hive smell normal?  Literature describes
the smell of foulbrood as sickly sweet, but it's hard to put those words
into an olfactory experience other than to experience it.  And if you are
able to experience it, learn it(!), because it's not an experience you'll
care to oft' repeat.
 
Otherwise, it sounds like you're getting into the experience of
beekeeping.  Good luck with your subsequent inspections!
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From hthomas@solid.phys.ethz.ch Fri Aug 12 10:57:38 EDT 1994
Article: 686 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: hthomas@solid.phys.ethz.ch (Hans-Ulrich THOMAS)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Varroa resistant honeybees
Date: 11 Aug 1994 06:34:14 GMT
Organization: Solid State Physics, ETHZ, Switzerland
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Message-ID: <hthomas-1108940836190001@otto-4.ethz.ch>
NNTP-Posting-Host: otto-4.ethz.ch

Some days ago somebody enquired about such bees. 

The journal "Bee World" carried in its issue 2 1994 an interesting article
written by Mr. Ralph Buechler about this aspect. The answer is: Yes this
behaviour is possible. Honeybee races vary widly in there natural
resistance to varroatosis. The article gives a good overview and shows the
efforts by some researchers in finding such races through selection or
breeding.

In case somebody needs this article I can mail a copy. Please send e-mail to

- hthomas@solid.phys.ethz,ch

                                                   Hans


From hthomas@solid.phys.ethz.ch Fri Aug 12 10:57:38 EDT 1994
Article: 687 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: hthomas@solid.phys.ethz.ch (Hans-Ulrich THOMAS)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: BeeNet
Date: 11 Aug 1994 12:55:33 GMT
Organization: Solid State Physics, ETHZ, Switzerland
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Message-ID: <hthomas-1108941457390001@otto-4.ethz.ch>
NNTP-Posting-Host: otto-4.ethz.ch

In an older issue of "Bee World" I read about an other beekeeping BBS.
It's called "BeeNet". Does anybody know how to access it through the
Internet or any other means?

In case you want to e-mail I can be reached via:

- hthomas@solid.phys.ethz.ch

Thanks for your help.

                                          Hans


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Fri Aug 12 10:57:39 EDT 1994
Article: 688 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What to do with empty
Date: Thu, 11 Aug 94 09:59:28 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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References: <33A15839@beenet.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <33A15839@beenet.com>
ANDY.NACHBAUR@beenet.com (andy nachbaur) writes:
 
>>SYSAM@UACSC2.ALBANY.EDU queried
>>                           ... a US president in the '70s who was a
>>real believer in the positive benefits of bee pollen...
>
>Andy responded:
>     It was RR!   Someone gave him some pollen bars...or something.
 
Well if that's the case I would never make a claim about bee pollen
having a positive effect on one's memory!


From jwg2y@poe.acc.Virginia.EDU Fri Aug 12 10:57:40 EDT 1994
Article: 689 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jwg2y@poe.acc.Virginia.EDU (Warner Granade)
Subject: best time to harvest
Message-ID: <CuDp17.H6C@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
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Date: Thu, 11 Aug 1994 16:12:43 GMT
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I remember reading that the best time to harvest honey was in the middle
of the day and that bees tended to get madder during a low-pressure time
like before a thunder storm. Well, on Sunday, I went out (admittedly late
in the day at 5pm) to get into my hive, and were they mad. I took out 4
frames and left after getting my rite of passage sting--my first in the
three years I've had this hive. Last year, they hardly bothered me. The
frames were totally covered with bees in this super with some uncapped
frames. 
OK, I decided to try again yesterday in the middle of the day, temp
80degrees in the shade and hazy. They were even more angry like I had
dissed the queen or something and hundreds of them flew at my veil. OK,
maybe 50 total flew at my veil, but it seemed liked hundreds. I was
smoking them like crazy and even smoking myself. I thought sure everyone
would be out to lunch, but apparently not. 

So, is there a better time/condition than others to open a hive and
harvest the honey? Should I take a sprayer of cool water or something?
--
Warner Granade *****jwg2y@virginia.edu
804-924-7409



From fgt@cadre.com Fri Aug 12 10:57:42 EDT 1994
Article: 690 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: fgt@cadre.com (Fred G. Thurber)
Subject: Re: best time to harvest
Message-ID: <CuDv7D.Jsy@cadre.com>
Sender: usenet@cadre.com (News Account)
Nntp-Posting-Host: cadre.cadre.com
Reply-To: fgt@cadre.com
Organization: CADRE TECHNOLOGIES INC.
References: <CuDp17.H6C@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Date: Thu, 11 Aug 1994 18:26:01 GMT
Lines: 5

	Angry bees have also become a problem for me.  Could it be that
there is little nectar right now in my area because of dry conditions?
Would feeding them a big dose of undiluted honey calm them down?




From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Fri Aug 12 10:57:43 EDT 1994
Article: 691 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: best time to harvest
Message-ID: <CuEELx.863@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <CuDp17.H6C@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU> <CuDv7D.Jsy@cadre.com>
Date: Fri, 12 Aug 1994 01:25:09 GMT
Lines: 10

In article <CuDv7D.Jsy@cadre.com>, Fred G. Thurber <fgt@cadre.com> wrote:
>	Angry bees have also become a problem for me.  

Often when harvesting honey the bees may be aggressive.
Adam

-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From lapointe@netcom.com Fri Aug 12 10:57:44 EDT 1994
Article: 692 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: lapointe@netcom.com (Douglas LaPointe)
Subject: What is bee pollen?
Message-ID: <lapointeCuEMMs.Do4@netcom.com>
Organization: NETCOM On-line Communication Services (408 261-4700 guest)
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]
Date: Fri, 12 Aug 1994 04:18:28 GMT
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First I will apologize for asking such a newbee question, but I 
could not find my answer in the FAQ.

I saw bee pollen for sale in a health food store.  Is this pollen 
that has been harvested by honey bees?  It was touted as being 
extremely nutritious, "you can live off of this stuff". Is this true?  

TIA

Douglas    


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Wed Aug 17 00:30:41 EDT 1994
Article: 693 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: best time to harvest
Date: Fri, 12 Aug 1994 07:21:04 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 28
Message-ID: <roadent.512.2E4B22E0@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
References: <CuDp17.H6C@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU> <CuDv7D.Jsy@cadre.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-06.cc.monash.edu.au

In article <CuDv7D.Jsy@cadre.com> fgt@cadre.com (Fred G. Thurber) writes:
>From: fgt@cadre.com (Fred G. Thurber)
>Subject: Re: best time to harvest
>Date: Thu, 11 Aug 1994 18:26:01 GMT

>        Angry bees have also become a problem for me.  Could it be that
>there is little nectar right now in my area because of dry conditions?
>Would feeding them a big dose of undiluted honey calm them down?


The best thing to do is to get a reasonably gentle strain of bees, and to 
not rush into opening the hive...wiat a minute or so after the first puff of 
smoke so they have a chance to start gorging thenselves.  Something else you 
might like to check is the type of smoker fuel you are using...I have 
noticed marked differences between eucalyptus leaves, pine needles and 
heshian sacking...
Another thing I have started doing recently is to take a shaker of thin 
sugar syrup and shake this over the bees as soon as I open the hive, and 
right before I close it...I don't use honey, purely to avoid any risk of 
spreading disease.  I don't think I have any disease (apart from some 
noseema) in any of my hives, but I don't want to suddenly find out that the 
hive I got my feeding honey from had AFB...as the way I would probably find 
this would be because all my hives would die...
mostly, the bees are easier to handle if they are the right temperature, 
queenrite, and well fed.

Adrian (I hope I'm helpful this time...)
 


From laakkone@cc.Helsinki.FI Wed Aug 17 00:30:42 EDT 1994
Article: 694 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: laakkone@cc.Helsinki.FI (Tero Laakkonen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: maximizing vicia villosa seed crop with bees?
Date: 13 Aug 1994 14:02:55 +0300
Organization: University of Helsinki
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hi,

what kind of bee (and at what density) do i need for maximum seed crop
of vicia villosa? what is a good (and up-to-date) reference?

thanks!
-- 
"i abhor you pretentious insight. i respect conscious guessing
because it consists of two good qualities: courage and modesty."
-imre lakatos


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Wed Aug 17 00:30:42 EDT 1994
Article: 695 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Gosh, it's quiet in here....
Date: Sun, 14 Aug 1994 11:34:25 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
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NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-06.cc.monash.edu.au
Keywords: echo!!!

Helo??? ooo?? ooo?? ooo??
I thought it might echo a little.....there does seem to have been a little 
fall of in the number of postings here lately...I suppose all you people on 
the upside of the planet are busy out harvesting tanker loads of honey...
I suppose it is really going to start getting quiet as everyone slows the 
pace down for their winter operations....I think we need more Aussies online 
so that we can have inane chat about obvious things all year 'round.
I guess, just as I am getting ready for my fourth harvest (well my fourth 
personal harvest...not counting the five or six I did with the guy who's 
hive management techniques seemes to be responsible for over 300 hives 
including my fathers 30, being wiped out by AFB) everybody else will be busy 
talking about storage of combs and various other winter operations....
I suppose the small hiatus in the activity that comes in your Autumn and my 
spring will give time for me to get to work on the australian sections of 
the FAQ instead of being totally useless trying to help everybody...:->
While there is a bit less in the way of hive activity going on, why don't we 
all swap best/worst experiences about beekeeping...

My worst experience was trying to work our first (at least we think it was 
first) AFB infected hive.  Actually they belonged to the guy I mentioned 
above, but all our hives where in with his....he had all the equipment, we 
just had hives..
Anyway, this hive gave me more stings in one day than I have had before or 
since....in fact probably even if I was to add up all the stings I'd ever 
had, this would have been more....
This hive was the worst pack of niggly little bitches I have ever seen (
although those of you that have seen Afric. bees have probably seen worse) 
and as soon as we started smoking the hive, all four of us were attacked....
once we had the hive opened, one person stayed there as each of the rest of 
us went to was our srings to get rid of the venom smell....our bucket of 
water was about ten metres away from this particular hive, and as soon as we 
took our gloves of to get at the sting, another two or three would seemingly 
materialise next to it...then after washing the arm or whatever and moving 
to put the glove back on, we would get stung again.  We closed that hive up, 
but for the next few hours, if we walked withing three or four meters of it, 
we got stung.
The reason I believe this hive to be responsible for promoting the spread of 
AFB through the apiary is because even the guys that had been doing bees for 
years were to wary of this hive to do all the work it needed for swarm and 
disease control, in fact it was rarely opened, and it wasn't even robbed for 
a year or two.  I was about 14 at the time, and blissfully unaware that such 
things as bee diseases existed....but the older guys should have known 
better...


Well...thats all for now....I just thought I'd share that...oh...my best 
experience.....every year when the first bit of honey flows out of the 
bottom of the extractor....(what else??  :->  )
Adrian.


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Wed Aug 17 00:30:43 EDT 1994
Article: 696 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Bes/Wicwas Press Catalog 
Message-ID: <CuJuuB.9zM@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Mon, 15 Aug 1994 00:03:46 GMT
Lines: 26

Forwarded from Bee-l:


From: "<Larry Connor>" <LJConnor@AOL.COM>
Subject:      New catalog

Expect delivery of our new catalog this week, with book, slide and video list
of current bee/beekeeping/social insect titles. Will send a free copy to any
Bee-L people who request it. Also, if you have a club or class, I will ship
them in bulk. Indicate the number you require. Again, no charge. Mail address
is:

BES/Wicwas Press
Larry Connor, Ph.D., Owner
P. O. Box 817
Cheshire CT 06410 USA

 I'd assume he'd send anyone on USENET a free copy too,
at least so he figures out we're here!
Adam 


-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From griffin@dorsai.org Wed Aug 17 00:30:44 EDT 1994
Article: 697 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!emory!gatech!udel!news.sprintlink.net!news.dorsai.org!griffin
From: griffin@dorsai.org (Leslie_Bildner)
Subject: Image of Beehive in art
Message-ID: <CuKG12.Jz9@dorsai.org>
Organization: The Dorsai Embassy, New York, NY
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
Date: Mon, 15 Aug 1994 07:41:25 GMT
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Hi there:

I stumbled across this newsgroup and couldn't resist posting a question 
that I have had for a while.

I have long wondered about the dome shaped 'bee-hive' that is 
traditionally shown in emblems, cartoons, etc. It certainly doesn't look 
like any natural bee-hive that I've ever seen. Is this a stylized 
representation of some sort of artificial hive? Some versions that I've 
seen appear to be woven, like a wicker basket.

Thanks,
<<< Les <<<



From roe@crosfield.co.uk Wed Aug 17 00:30:44 EDT 1994
Article: 698 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!emory!swrinde!pipex!crosfield.co.uk!roe
From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: Image of Beehive in art
Message-ID: <1994Aug15.123959.3168@crosfield.co.uk>
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
References: <CuKG12.Jz9@dorsai.org>
Date: Mon, 15 Aug 1994 12:39:59 GMT
Lines: 37

In article <CuKG12.Jz9@dorsai.org> griffin@dorsai.org (Leslie_Bildner) writes:
>I have long wondered about the dome shaped 'bee-hive' that is 
>traditionally shown in emblems, cartoons, etc. It certainly doesn't look 
>like any natural bee-hive that I've ever seen. Is this a stylized 
>representation of some sort of artificial hive? Some versions that I've 
>seen appear to be woven, like a wicker basket.

You're almost right, Les.  They were made of straw and called skeps.
To protect them from the rain they were often placed under some sort of
cover.  Sometimes recesses in walls called bee boles were used.

I don't know exactly how widespread the use of skeps was.  They were
certainly used by the British and in other parts of the world where
British influence prevailed.  They slowly went out of use after the
invention of removable frame hives in the middle of the 19th century.

What the beekeeper did was to catch swarms in the spring and encourage
them to take up residence in the skeps.  At the end of the summer a few
were put to one side (to provide the swarms for next year) and the rest
of the hives were killed.  Often this was done by placing them over a
fire onto which sulpher had been placed.  Once the bees were dead the
honey comb was cut out and the skeps put to one side until the next
spring.

I believe methods rather like this are still used in some less developed
parts of the world such as Africa (using log hives) but throughout most
of the world removable fame hives have become almost universal.  They
have many advantages although I don't have time to discuss that here.
Indeed, in some countries it is illegal to keep bees in anything but a
removable frame hive.  This is because it is otherwise impossible to
inspect for disease.

-- 
Malcolm Roe                            Phone  :  +44 442 230000 ext 5104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd              Fax    :  +44 442 232301
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK    E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov Wed Aug 17 00:30:45 EDT 1994
Article: 699 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: weak hive?
Date: 15 Aug 1994 15:13:19 GMT
Organization: Jet Propulsion Laboratory - Pasadena CA
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hi - my two new hives have survived the summer (still raging here in
california), but one of them seems quite weak. the two were started from
five frame nucs ... i've added two honey supers to one of them and the other
has yet to fill the brood chamber. as october/november approaches, i'm a bit
concerned about this weaker hive ... can i take some honey frames (and
bees) from the strong hive and add them to the weak one? anyone have any
other ideas on how to strengthen the weak hive?

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov



From roe@crosfield.co.uk Wed Aug 17 00:30:46 EDT 1994
Article: 700 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!yeshua.marcam.com!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!crosfield.co.uk!roe
From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: weak hive?
Message-ID: <1994Aug15.171748.5112@crosfield.co.uk>
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
References: <32o0mf$s1o@netline-fddi.jpl.nasa.gov>
Date: Mon, 15 Aug 1994 17:17:48 GMT
Lines: 24

In article <32o0mf$s1o@netline-fddi.jpl.nasa.gov> rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov writes:
>i've added two honey supers to one of them and the other
>has yet to fill the brood chamber. as october/november approaches, i'm a bit
>concerned about this weaker hive

You can boost the weaker hive but before you do that you should ask
yourself, "Why are the two colonies so different?"  It could be disease.
Inspect your weak hive carefully for brood diseases and mites.  If you
find anything then treat as appropriate.  Another possibility is that
you have a poor queen.  I'll return to that.

Assuming the hive is healthy then transfer a frame or two of brood,
depending on how much is available, from the stronger to the weaker
hive.  Its best to shake most of the adult bees off.  Make sure you
don't transfer the queen!  It's young bees you want at this time of
year to build up for the winter.

If the hive still doesn't thrive then requeening is probably indicated.

-- 
Malcolm Roe                            Phone  :  +44 442 230000 ext 5104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd              Fax    :  +44 442 232301
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK    E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From altabios@bham.ac.uk Wed Aug 17 00:30:46 EDT 1994
Article: 701 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!emory!swrinde!pipex!warwick!bham!usenet
From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: honey yields
Date: 16 Aug 1994 12:22:28 GMT
Organization: The University of Birmingham, UK
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X-Newsreader: WinVN version 0.80


Just out of interest, what sort of honey yield does everyone else get,
say the average per hive?

I have four working hives this year, the fifth one was a filled in June with
a new swarm. I got a total of 180lb of honey off the four hives and am quite
pleased with myself (and the bees who did all the work). 
How many tons/hive do you get in the States? Everything there being bigger
and better than in the old UK!


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Wed Aug 17 00:30:47 EDT 1994
Article: 702 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: honey yields
Date: Tue, 16 Aug 1994 13:10:49 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 11
Message-ID: <roadent.519.2E50BAD8@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
References: <32qb24$8dg@sun4.bham.ac.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: howitt-b04-01.cc.monash.edu.au

In article <32qb24$8dg@sun4.bham.ac.uk> altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox) writes:

>Just out of interest, what sort of honey yield does everyone else get,
>say the average per hive?

WEll, I can't speak for the u.s.a....but here in a.u.s., we can get up to 
100kg per hive over two extractions.  In a good year (or even just an 
ordinary year in the north) it can be much more than this.  Average for me 
is about 15 - 10 kg per hive, but then I have only been extracting once each 
year....
Adrian. (yet another failed attempt at being helpful....)


From mikee@eskimo.com Wed Aug 17 22:50:36 EDT 1994
Article: 703 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mikee@eskimo.com (Mike Koehn)
Subject: Fennel
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Date: Wed, 17 Aug 1994 04:22:15 GMT
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My bees are into the fennel and mint bloom.  Will this ruin the taste of
the honey?  It's mostly blackberry so far.
 
Thanks in advance,
    Mike Koehn


From moroney@world.std.com Wed Aug 17 22:50:37 EDT 1994
Article: 704 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: weak hive?
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In article <32o0mf$s1o@netline-fddi.jpl.nasa.gov>, Richard Spear wrote:
> 
> hi - my two new hives have survived the summer (still raging here in
> california), but one of them seems quite weak. the two were started from
> five frame nucs ... i've added two honey supers to one of them and the other
> has yet to fill the brood chamber. as october/november approaches, i'm a bit

You may wish to consider that you may be better off with one strongish
hive going into winter rather than two weaker ones.  If the hive comes through
winter strong they'll have a good jump on the spring and you will be
rewarded.  Otherwise you may have a weak hive and a very weak (or dead)
hive and get less total honey.

To do this combine the hives.  Remove whichever queen is less desireable
(prob. the one from the weaker hive), or don't bother if you want the bees
to sort things out.  Remove the outer and inner cover from one hive, place
a sheet of newspaper over it (with a couple small holes in it) and place the
other hive body on it.  The bees will chew the paper and slowly get acquainted
in the process.

You can split the hive in the spring if they're doing well/trying to swarm,
and get your two hives back.

However you're from California so therefore don't have the winters we do here,
so maybe they'll do OK anyway.

Regardless be darn sure the weak hive is not diseased before you do anything
that will contaminate the other.

-Mike


From crumley@jabba.cybernetics.net Wed Aug 17 22:50:38 EDT 1994
Article: 705 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: crumley@jabba.cybernetics.net (Steve Crumley)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Tips on finding queen?
Date: 17 Aug 1994 12:42:50 -0400
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This is my second year of beekeeping and I'm still having trouble
locating the queen.  I know what she looks like, and sometimes when
I am working a hive (I have 4) I will see her, but I can't just 
go into a hive and find her whenever I want to.  This fall I need
to re-queen 2 hives (captured swarms) so I need some tips on how
to find the elusive little lady.
Thanks
 -Steve Crumley  (Louisburg NC)


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Wed Aug 17 22:50:39 EDT 1994
Article: 706 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Tracheal Mite Samples
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Date:         Tue, 16 Aug 1994 11:04:23 -0400
From: Diana Sammataro <dsammata@MAGNUS.ACS.OHIO-STATE.EDU>
Subject:      Tracheal Mite Samples


To all bee/or bee mite researchers out there:

     I am currently screening tracheal mites from different countries and
     regions of the US to see if DNA patterns are different.

     I would be grateful if some other cooperators would send me samples
     of mites, or infested bees, from colonies that died of mites
     and from those still alive but infested.

     Alcohol samples of mites in the tubes or infested bees is fine, if
     the samples were previously frozen or collected within the past
     year. Bees left in alcohol too long are difficult to find mites.
     However, mite samples within the tubes can be over a year.
     Use 70% EtOH and label all samples
     In addition to A. woodi, A. externis and A. dorsalis would be greatly
     appreciated.

     Thank you for your help. If there are any questions, please write, call or
     email.

     Diana Sammataro
     Dept Entomology
     Ohio State University
     1735 Neil Ave
     Columbus OH 43210 1220

     Phone: 614 292 9089, Fax: 614 292 2180
     Email: dsammata@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu

-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From ez021641@dale.ucdavis.edu Sun Aug 21 21:06:04 EDT 1994
Article: 707 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ez021641@dale.ucdavis.edu (Son Trinh)
Subject: Yellow Jackets (sp?)
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  I have a hive in my back yard, and everyday, i see there are two or three
yellow jackets hoovering around the hive entrance.  Sooner or later, one of
them will land on a semi-dead bee near the entrance.  Any body has any
idea of what's going on?  I tried to find out what the yellow jacket were
doing, but to no avail.  I also observe that the worker bee drags away
the dead bee beyond my sight. For curiosity sake,  is there any published 
paper on the distance that the worker actually disposed of the dead 
bee??  I would appreciate if you can reply directly to my email acct 
(ez021641@bullwinkle. ucdavis.edu). Thank you for ur help

				An inquiring mind,

				    -ST

 


From killoran@ll.mit.edu Sun Aug 21 21:06:05 EDT 1994
Article: 708 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: killoran@ll.mit.edu (Mike Killoran)
Subject: Bee disease: preventative vs treatment
Message-ID: <9408181210.PN00869@LL.MIT.EDU>
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Another newbie question from someone who just started this spring!
I've read a bit about the various bee diseases and what to do about
them, but I'm always left wondering how old the information is
(especially in the case of mites) and whether the treatment is
preventative or only used when the problem becomes obvious.  Here's
what I believe - please expand on this info or correct:

There are four problems to worry about:

1 Foulbrood (both American and European)
2 Nosema
3 Varroa mites
4 Tracheal mites

>From reading I think the following is to be done:

1 Feed terramycin in spring and fall to control foulbrood.  It seems
  like this is always present to some degree, but is manageable.

2 Fumidil 'B' for control of Nosema.  Again, spring and fall feedings
  for prevention.

3 Apistan strips when you KNOW you have Varroa mites.  Not preventative,
  but reactive.

4 Extender pattys (vegetable shortening) or Menthol when you KNOW you
  have Tracheal mites.  Not preventative either.

So...  I haven't done anything yet to my bees (the package they came in
had an Apistan strip which I didn't move into the hive).  This fall I
plan to feed both Terramycin and Fumidil 'B'.  As the hive seems very
healthy, I will not treat for any mites.

Am I doing the right thing?  Any other diseases to worry about?  Should
I not treat for anything?  Etc, etc...  I've heard of hives with AFB
being burned and certainly don't want my hive to have to end this way!
Your personal ideas and schedule for disease control would be helpful.

	Thanks,  Mike Killoran
--
Mike Killoran                            Zen says:
killoran@ll.mit.edu                  Cease to do evil,
(617) 981-2667                        Try to do good.


From altabios@bham.ac.uk Sun Aug 21 21:06:07 EDT 1994
Article: 709 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Tips on finding queen?
Date: 19 Aug 1994 12:18:03 GMT
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In article <32tema$bu5@jabba.cybernetics.net>, crumley@jabba.cybernetics.net (Steve Crumley) says:
>
>This is my second year of beekeeping and I'm still having trouble
>locating the queen.  I know what she looks like, and sometimes when
>I am working a hive (I have 4) I will see her, but I can't just 
>go into a hive and find her whenever I want to.  This fall I need
>to re-queen 2 hives (captured swarms) so I need some tips on how
>to find the elusive little lady.
>Thanks
> -Steve Crumley  (Louisburg NC)


I find it hard to see the queen as well, although I rarely specifically look for her
The queen tends to shun the light so if you keep half of the brood chamber covered
she will tend to be in that half. You can also mark the queen with paint, in the UK
there is a colour coding system so you can tell her age. The paint helps
to find the queen as well. I once spent an hour trying to find a marked queen without
success, put all the frames back in place and while wondering what to do, saw the queen
going over the top of the frames.
The queen is rarely on the outer frames so you can take these out of the hive,
it makes for fewer frames to look through


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Sun Aug 21 21:06:09 EDT 1994
Article: 710 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Apis Magazine 8/94
Message-ID: <CutF0p.D0A@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Keywords: Apis, beekeeping, bee, sanford, magazine 
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
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Date: Sat, 20 Aug 1994 03:58:01 GMT
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            Florida Extension Beekeeping Newsletter
    Apis--Apicultural Information and Issues (ISSN 0889-3764)
                Volume 12, Number 8, August 1994

                  PERMITTING HONEY PROCESSING

     Dr. Keith Delaplane at the University of Georgia recently
discussed food regulations in his column "Strictly for the
Hobbyist,"  American Bee Journal, July, 1994.  His concern comes
from hard experience.  It seems that a food inspector visited a
store that was buying Dr. Delaplane's honey.  The merchant ceased
doing business because Dr. Delaplane was not licensed by the state.
At first disgruntled by yet another "imposition of government on
agriculture and grass-roots living," Dr. Delaplane has changed his
opinion.  He now urges beekeepers to be proactive on this issue.
Even the smallest beekeepers who sell honey to the public must
comply with facility licensing laws in Georgia.  According to Dr.
Delaplane, "The licensing consists of a permit issued at no cost
following a satisfactory inspection.  Facilities are inspected
quarterly thereafter."

     The above policy used to be about the same in Florida.
However, as of January 1993, the rules have changed.  According to
Florida Statute 500.12, Section 1(a), "A food permit from the
department is required of any person in the business of
manufacturing, processing, packing, holding, preparing or selling
food at retail . . . "  Most of this statement was already in the
old law, but Section 1(b) says "Applications for a food permit from
the department shall be accompanied by a fee to be determined by
department rule, not to exceed $350.  Food permits shall be renewed
annually on or before January 1."  Thus, the time is over when food
processors can obtain free permits.   For small producers (less
than $10,000 in sales), this translates to a fee of $60.00 per
year, according to Dr. John Rychener of the Bureau of Food and Meat
Inspection, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer
Services.

     Although the strict letter of the law requires all beekeepers
selling honey to the public to obtain permits, there is some
latitude.  Florida employs only eighty-four food inspectors to
oversee the food safety in over 25,000 processing plants and retail
stores.  The occasional small honey producer can be missed,
according to Dr. Rychener.  However, if and when the food
inspection service becomes aware of any person/business without a
permit, it must act.  There is no penalty the first time one is
discovered.  Nevertheless, once contacted by a food inspector, one
must obtain a license which is renewable annually with imposition
of a late fee, if applicable.

     Section 5E-6.008 of the same law provides sanitary regulations
governing manufacture, processing, packing, or other handling of
honey.  They are summarized in Hints for the Hive 106, soon to be
distributed as ENY 106 in the IFAS CD-ROM FAIRS program:

           (1)  HONEY HOUSE.  A honey house is any stationary or
portable  building, including equipment, used for the purpose of
extracting, processing, packing or other handling of honey.

           (2)  FLOORS.  Floors...shall be impervious and easily
cleaned...smooth, in good repair, and kept clean...and if having a
drain, be drained into a septic tank, or cesspool, or be connected
to local sewage disposal facilities.

           (3)  WALLS AND CEILINGS.  Shall have smooth washable
surfaces, be  clean and in good repair.

           (4)  LIGHTING AND VENTILATION.  Shall be adequately
ventilated...permit efficient operations and cleaning of equipment.

           (5)  DOORS AND WINDOWS.  Shall be screened, kept in good
repair, and equipped with bee escapes.

           (6)  WATER SUPPLY.  Shall be properly located,
constructed and operated in accordance with local sanitary
codes...easily accessible and sanitary.

           (7)  CONSTRUCTION, CARE, USE AND REPAIR OF HONEY HOUSE,
CONTAINERS AND EQUIPMENT.  During operation, the honey house shall
be used exclusively for extraction, processing, packing or other
handling of honey and for the storage  of equipment related to the
business of the honey house.  Containers shall be  free of internal
rust, cleaned before reuse...all open equipment should be  covered
when not in use.

           (8)  WATER DISPOSAL.  There shall be an efficient waste
disposal  system.  Toilet facilities, including wash basins, shall
be conveniently  available to honey house personnel.  Toilet rooms
shall not open directly into any room of the honey house.  Toilets
without plumbing shall be at least 75 feet from the
plant...screened and have a self-closing door.

           (9)  STORAGE OF EQUIPMENT.  Equipment shall be stored
free from rust and contamination.

           (10) HEATING EQUIPMENT.  No boiler, oil stove or other
heating  equipment that gives off dust or odor may be used within
the honey house, unless it has proper ventilation...and shall
comply with fire regulations.

           (11) WORKER SANITATION.  Workers shall wear clean and
washable  clothing... keep hands clean, and be provided with clean
and sanitary towels.

           (12) CARE AND HANDLING OF COMBS OF HONEY.  Combs should
be loaded and handled so as to protect them from contamination.

           (13) USE OF HONEY PUMPS.  Before being pumped, honey
shall be strained through a screen of at least eight meshes to the
inch or pumped from a baffled sump tank which provides a constant
supply of honey for the pump.

           (14) CONTAINERS AND STORAGE.  Honey shall not be packed
in  containers which have previously contained pesticide, creosote,
gasoline, kerosine, fuel oil, paint, glue or other toxic
substances.  Storage tanks are to be protected from contamination
and packed honey stored in a clean and sanitary manner.

           (15) PESTICIDE PROHIBITED.  The application of spray
type pesticides  in the honey house is prohibited during
extracting, processing and packing  honey.

        Questions pertaining to Florida honey house sanitation
should be directed to Dr. John Rychener or Mr. Kevin Lufkin, Bureau
of Food and Meat Inspection, Food Safety Division, Department of
Agriculture and Consumer Services, 3125 Conner Blvd., Tallahassee,
FL  32399-1650, Ph. 904/488-3951 or 1-800/HELPFLA, "select or say
6" for Food Safety.

                 HONEY ADULTERATION ON THE RISE

     There is evidence that honey adulteration is approaching
epidemic proportions in Florida and elsewhere.  As in the past, the
prime culprit is high fructose corn syrup (HFCS).  The addition of
HFCS to honey, even in large amounts, is difficult to detect
without laboratory testing.  And occasionally, vendors simply sell
corn syrup as honey.  Any of the above practices renders honey
either adulterated and/or misbranded under the Florida Food Law.

     Many people are concerned about adulteration of honey, but it
is extremely difficult to police.  In a way, honey is its own enemy
in this effort.  The sweet is so healthful that, even when
adulterated, it is not a health hazard.  State and federal
inspectors are stretched to their limits examining high risk foods.
According to Mr. Lufkin of the Food Safety Division, mentioned in
the previous article, there are not enough personnel resources left
to enforce deceptive labelling practices.  Inspectors are focusing
instead on meat, milk and other products that are less forgiving
than honey in their processing.

     "Detection of honey adulteration is the easy part," Mr. Lufkin
says, "Tracking the violators is the constant challenge.  All too
frequently, the trail leads to phantom producers and distributors,
hiding behind false labels and cash transactions."   Only when
enough people contact food inspectors, legislators and other policy
makers with solid information can some effective action be taken.
In the recent past, adulteration was reduced after an especially
blatant case came to trial followed by conviction.  However, the
practice is raising its ugly head again.

     Honey adulteration adversely affects the apicultural industry
by displacing its product in the marketplace.  It also lowers the
price as imports have been accused of doing.  However, at least
most imports are real honey and paying assessment for promotion to
the National Honey Board.  Adulterers reap double benefits:  high
prices for their product, cheaper to market than even the least
expensive imported honey, coupled with no promotional assessment.

     As in the past, the beekeeping industry is the first line of
defense against adulteration.  A "self-policing" program, sponsored
by the American Beekeeping Federation continues to be in effect.
Suspicious honey is tested and, if found adulterated, the
Federation notifies the proper officials and sends a report to the
person who sent the sample for their follow-up.  In spite of the
recent adulterating activity, the Federation is receiving very few
samples.

     Feeding bees sugar syrup and/or HFCS and extracting "honey"
containing these products is also adulteration.  Thus, beekeepers
cannot be too careful.  Even small amounts of adulterants are
detected by tests currently in use.  It is impossible to tell
adulterated honey by either taste, smell or color.  The only real
evidence comes from defined techniques certified by the National
Association of Chemists.  Experience has shown, however, that
adulterated product has one or all of the following
characteristics:

1.  No flavor, just sweet.
2.  Very light or very dark
3.  Molasses flavor
4.  Consistently low price

     In addition to the above characteristics, adulterated honey
has often been associated with "rustic" labels and "Mason" type
jars.  If you see suspicious product, send a sample to the
Secretary-Treasurer, American Beekeeping Federation, P.O. Box 1038,
Jesup, GA 31545, ph 912/427-8447, along with the following
information:


Date ____________________

DESCRIPTION OF HONEY SAMPLE: (include the label or copy the
information on printed label including size of package, brand, name
and address of packer or distributor)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

Where purchased:___________________________________________

Date purchased:____________________________________________

Code # on Jar or label_______________________

If only the packer's name appears on label, name and address of
distributor:
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

Reason why honey is suspected of being adulterated_____________
______________________________________________________________

Name and Address of Sender_________________________________

     A fact sheet entitled ENY 103 Honey Adulteration  is available
on CD-ROM and from this office.  It discusses the adulteration
issue and provides the information given above on the American
Beekeeping Federation's "self-policing" program.


Sincerely,



Malcolm T. Sanford
Bldg 970, Box 110620
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611-0620
Phone (904) 392-1801, Ext. 143
FAX: 904-392-0190
BITNET Address: MTS@IFASGNV
INTERNET Address: MTS@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU

-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From mark@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Sun Aug 21 21:06:10 EDT 1994
Article: 711 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mark@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (M.C. Rendina )
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What is bee pollen?
Date: 20 Aug 1994 05:10:06 GMT
Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana
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lapointe@netcom.com (Douglas LaPointe) writes:

>First I will apologize for asking such a newbee question, but I 
>could not find my answer in the FAQ.

>I saw bee pollen for sale in a health food store.  Is this pollen 
>that has been harvested by honey bees?  It was touted as being 
>extremely nutritious, "you can live off of this stuff". Is this true?  

As I understand it, its pretty much straight protein.  It's the bees main
(only?) source.  Depending on exactly where it came from it may also have 
a lot of trace elements that you could be deficient in.  

I wouldn't try to live off it, but I do alternate mornings with my vitamin.

Mark


From mark@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Sun Aug 21 21:06:11 EDT 1994
Article: 712 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mark@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (M.C. Rendina )
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Tips on finding queen?
Date: 20 Aug 1994 05:14:29 GMT
Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana
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crumley@jabba.cybernetics.net (Steve Crumley) writes:

>This is my second year of beekeeping and I'm still having trouble
>locating the queen.  I know what she looks like, and sometimes when
>I am working a hive (I have 4) I will see her, but I can't just 
>go into a hive and find her whenever I want to.  This fall I need

One tip the state  bee inspector gave me when I was a beekeeping young-un:
The queen has longer legs than the rest of the bees and may stand out 
vertically.  I.e., before you take the frame out, look down at it--if she's
on the open side, she may pop out at you.  Look down from the top.  Got it?
I thought he was crazy, but it did help me spot her a few times.

I really want to get back into keeping.  There's nothing like finding a queen
the size of your pinky filling frame after frame with eggs.

Mark


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Sun Aug 21 21:06:12 EDT 1994
Article: 713 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee disease: preventative vs treatment
Date: Sun, 21 Aug 1994 14:00:03 GMT
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>There are four problems to worry about:

>1 Foulbrood (both American and European)
>2 Nosema
>3 Varroa mites
>4 Tracheal mites

Starvation.
Wax Moth.
Pesticides.


>1 Feed terramycin in spring and fall to control foulbrood.  It seems
>  like this is always present to some degree, but is manageable.


>From what I understand, terramyacin is only effective against EFB, and the 
only "cure" for AFB is to destroy all materials.  In my opinion, it is 
better to destroy the materials anyway, because this stops other hives 
picking up the disease.  It is better to destroy one hive, than to have to 
give extra attention to dozens of "sickies".
Also, in Australia (why do I bother wity this..I'm the only aussie here) 
terramycin is (now...it wasn't five years ago) only available for diagnosed 
cases from a vet. (?!?!? a vet?!?!?!)


>2 Fumidil 'B' for control of Nosema.  Again, spring and fall feedings
>  for prevention.

Making sure you have generaly strong hives is the best solution.  From what 
I understand, and I could be wrong, there is no actual cure for nosema ( I 
would like to be wrong :->  ) but in strong and otherwise healthy hives, it 
dosen't usualy present a problem.  I am not 100% positive here, but I have 
heard that nosema is present in 90% of all bee colonies (or more).


>3 Apistan strips when you KNOW you have Varroa mites.  Not preventative,
>  but reactive.

No comment, because WE DON'T HAVE VARROA IN AUSTRALIA.  (rub...rub....)


>4 Extender pattys (vegetable shortening) or Menthol when you KNOW you
>  have Tracheal mites.  Not preventative either.

No comment...I have never had to deal with tracheal mites either.


>So...  I haven't done anything yet to my bees (the package they came in
>had an Apistan strip which I didn't move into the hive).  This fall I
>plan to feed both Terramycin and Fumidil 'B'.  As the hive seems very
>healthy, I will not treat for any mites.


I wonder....why was the apistan strip in the pakage...as you said, Apistan 
when you KNOW you have varroa mites....surely you would only be shipped 
healthy bees??


If you don't have AFB alredy (and you shouldn't) then mahaging your hives to 
avoid robbers, and to avoid leaving honey and wax (and products thereof) 
lying around where the bees can get to them, then you shouldn't pick it 
up... 

Now,.....I could be wrong in a few of my facts here, and if I am, someone 
please correct me.  and Mike....talk to someone in your own area.  Laws 
change from place to place, and different places also have diferent 
treatments.
I think (and again I could be wrong) that REGISTERED Australian (or at least 
Victorian) beekeepers get recompensed for hives destroyed due to AFB.

Adrian ( hey...I TRIED to be helpful......)


From libby@igc.apc.org Sun Aug 21 21:06:14 EDT 1994
Article: 714 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!emory!nntp.msstate.edu!olivea!sgigate.sgi.com!enews.sgi.com!sgi!cdp!igc.org!igc.apc.org!libby
From: Libby Goldstein <libby@igc.apc.org>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 21 Aug 94 14:19 PDT
Subject: Re: Fennel
Message-ID: <-2145067290@cdp>
References: <Cunw58.s4@eskimo.com>
Sender: Notesfile to Usenet Gateway <notes@igc.apc.org>
Lines: 9

Our community garden bees do quite a variety of herbs. The early honey has a
lightly herbal (not identifieable as to which herb). The later stuff is much
"fruitier" because of the local raspberries. 

It's all a matter of taste tho. The blackberry honey will probably be darker
than the herb honey. You can separate them separately, taste each one and then
decide if you want to combine them or bottle them up separately.

Libby


From p.kerr@auckland.ac.nz Mon Aug 22 13:26:56 EDT 1994
Article: 715 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!emory!swrinde!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!ames!waikato!auckland.ac.nz!NewsWatcher!user
From: p.kerr@auckland.ac.nz (Peter Kerr)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Image of Beehive in art
Date: Mon, 22 Aug 1994 17:06:29 +1200
Organization: School of Music Auckland University
Lines: 23
Message-ID: <p.kerr-2208941706290001@130.216.90.127>
References: <CuKG12.Jz9@dorsai.org>
NNTP-Posting-Host: 130.216.90.127

In article <CuKG12.Jz9@dorsai.org>, griffin@dorsai.org (Leslie_Bildner) wrote:
> I have long wondered about the dome shaped 'bee-hive' that is 
> traditionally shown in emblems, cartoons, etc. It certainly doesn't look 
> like any natural bee-hive that I've ever seen. Is this a stylized 
> representation of some sort of artificial hive? Some versions that I've 
> seen appear to be woven, like a wicker basket.

That would be the old European *skep*, yes woven usually from cereal
straw. The straw was forced through a ring, bound in a sort of loose rope,
then sewn in a roughly curved spiral shape. It made a nice warm shelter
for the small colonies of English and North European bees.

No frames. Very difficult to get honey out without also getting lots of
brood, or destroying the whole hive. Sometimes sticks would be poked thru
near the top to simplify cutting out of combs.

They are illegal now in many places that require moveable frames for
disease control.

-- 
Peter Kerr                               neo-Luddite 
School of Music                          bodger
University of Auckland                   chandler


From wood@kepler.pss.fit.edu Mon Aug 22 13:26:57 EDT 1994
Article: 716 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: wood@kepler.pss.fit.edu (Matt A. Wood)
Subject: evicting bees?
Message-ID: <Cuxyx9.F35@zeno.fit.edu>
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I have some bees that have taken up residence in my house, and while
I'd rather not kill them, I really don't want them living under my
roof (one gets inside every couple of weeks).  Does anyone know
a local beekeeper that might like to come take them to a more loving
home?

Thanks for your help.

--
Matt A. Wood                            Assistant Professor 
wood@kepler.pss.fit.edu                 Dept. of Physics and Space Sciences
(407) 768-8000 (x7207)                  Florida Institute of Technology
http://pss.fit.edu/wood.html            Melbourne, FL  32901-6988


From griffith@aur.alcatel.com Tue Aug 23 23:45:05 EDT 1994
Article: 717 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: griffith@aur.alcatel.com (Mike Griffith)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping FAQ - help/advice for beginner
Date: 22 Aug 1994 21:09:54 GMT
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Keywords: beekeeping, bee

Is there a FAQ on beekeeping yet?

I've become medically retired due to Multiple Sclerosis which has 
adversely effected my vision and ended my career in computers.  I
can see well enough for routine hive maintenance, I believe, although
some things like finding the queen will no doubt be quite a pain for
me, I expect. (I've spent a few days working with my brother while
visiting; he has 8 or 10 hives on his farm but he doesn't know what
he's doing very much with his bees yet and he lives several hundred
miles away).

I got interested in bees/beekeeping as a result of investigating
apitherapy (bee sting therapy) as a possible treatment for MS.  I've
pretty well decided that beekeeping would make a very interesting
hobby (I'm about to go nuts since I've had to quit work a few months
ago, as reading printed matter is often very difficult for me).

I was wondering if there is a FAQ on beekeeping that I could access
(I can read my enlarged screen/large text computer screen pretty well)
which would help me get started?

Best regards and thanks,

Mike 

-- 
Mike Griffith, Raleigh, NC          Email: griffith@aur.alcatel.com	    


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Tue Aug 23 23:45:06 EDT 1994
Article: 718 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Tips on finding queen?
Message-ID: <CuyMqJ.2tA@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
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Date: Mon, 22 Aug 1994 23:32:43 GMT
Lines: 13

>crumley@jabba.cybernetics.net (Steve Crumley) writes:
>
>I really want to get back into keeping.  There's nothing like finding a queen
>the size of your pinky filling frame after frame with eggs.
>

 Ha! But do they make honey?
:)
Adam
-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From  Tue Aug 23 23:45:06 EDT 1994
Article: 719 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From:  (Steve Birchall)
Subject: Angry colonies
Sender: usenet@lut.ac.uk (Usenet-News)
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Date: Tue, 23 Aug 1994 11:10:16 GMT
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Several years ago I used to work on a UK honey farm (1500 colonies). Some
of the yards that we had used to be of vicious temperament - this seemed to
be due to the location and not the colonies, as these were cycled round
from season to season. These yards were not fun to work and full kit was
required, whereas a pair of shorts and a veil (optional - the veil that
is!) were all that would be required in a yard a few miles away on the same
day. 
One way around this problem that was employed by the older hands in the
30's thro' to the 50's was to grow  hemp plants on these yards and to keep
dried hemp leaves for burning in the smokers to pacify the bees.
Apparently, this worked well but for obvious reasons the practice was
discontinued when hemp became notorious in more recent years.  


From roe@crosfield.co.uk Tue Aug 23 23:45:07 EDT 1994
Article: 720 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: Tips on finding queen?
Message-ID: <1994Aug23.130930.7403@crosfield.co.uk>
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
References: <32tema$bu5@jabba.cybernetics.net>
Date: Tue, 23 Aug 1994 13:09:30 GMT
Lines: 56

In article <32tema$bu5@jabba.cybernetics.net> crumley@jabba.cybernetics.net (Steve Crumley) writes:
>This is my second year of beekeeping and I'm still having trouble
>locating the queen.  I know what she looks like, and sometimes when
>I am working a hive (I have 4) I will see her, but I can't just 
>go into a hive and find her whenever I want to.  This fall I need
>to re-queen 2 hives (captured swarms) so I need some tips on how
>to find the elusive little lady.

The best time to look for the queen is when there are the least number
of other bees present.  Ideally, this means early afternoon on a warm
spring day.  It should be warm both to encourage the maximum number of
bees to leave the hive and to avoid chilling the brood.  (You are likely
to have the hive open for some time.)  The number of adult bees is at a
minimum in spring.  Obviously now is not the best time of year but you
should still try to choose a warm afternoon for the search.

In spite of what people say about where to find the queen, in practice
she can be almost anywhere.  This is because of the disturbance you
have created by opening the brood nest.  If you have a double
brood chamber you'll have to search both boxes.  I take the first
frame out and, after checking for the queen, put it to one side.  This
means I can keep a gap between the searched and unsearched frames as
I work my way from one to the next.  I lift each frame out and the
first thing I do is to run my eyes around the edges to check she isn't
nipping round to the back of the frame.  I then scan the surface of the
comb, turn the frame over, check the edges again and scan the other
side.  I check all frames but pay particular attention to frames with
brood.  The queen moves more slowly and methodically than the workers.
Sometimes you can see the retinue around her but don't count on it due
to the chaos you have provoked by opening the hive.

What happens if you get to the last frame and haven't found the queen?
You go through them a second time.  If you still haven't found her then
it's probably better to give up and try again another day.

A variation on the above that I've sometimes found useful is to use
another brood box (or even a cardboard box) to temporarily hold the
frames after I have checked them.  Sometimes the queen manages to get
onto a 'checked' frame by crossing the gap.  This method prevents her
doing that.

Finally, you can sieve the bees through a queen excluder.  This is
rather brutal but is useful as a last resort.

There is also a method of requeening without finding the queen due
to Nick Wallingford.  If I can find a copy I'll post it here.

I'm a great believer in marking queens.  You've only got to go
through the whole business of finding her once then.  Subsequently
she's so much easier to find.

-- 
Malcolm Roe                            Phone  :  +44 442 230000 ext 5104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd              Fax    :  +44 442 232301
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK    E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From dharry@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu Tue Aug 23 23:45:08 EDT 1994
Article: 721 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dharry@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu (David J. Harry)
Subject: Re: Tips on finding queen?
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Date: Wed, 24 Aug 1994 00:20:23 GMT
Lines: 13



>There is also a method of requeening without finding the queen due
>to Nick Wallingford.  If I can find a copy I'll post it here.

I read this method and it sounds very intriguing.  However, you end up with 
the hive contents distributed into three full-depth supers.  It isn't exactly 
clear how Mr. Wallingford consolidates this back into two boxes.  I emailed 
him about his method, but never got a response.  Has anyone tried this?  If 
so, how do you reduce the hive to two boxes?  I'm considering trying this next 
spring on two hives that need requeening.




From roe@crosfield.co.uk Thu Aug 25 22:50:22 EDT 1994
Article: 722 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!swrinde!pipex!crosfield.co.uk!roe
From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: Tips on finding queen?
Message-ID: <1994Aug24.134357.12376@crosfield.co.uk>
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
References: <32tema$bu5@jabba.cybernetics.net> <1994Aug23.130930.7403@crosfield.co.uk> <dharry.13.0@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu>
Date: Wed, 24 Aug 1994 13:43:57 GMT
Lines: 43

In article <dharry.13.0@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu> dharry@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu (David J. Harry) writes:
>
>>There is also a method of requeening without finding the queen due
>>to Nick Wallingford.  If I can find a copy I'll post it here.
>
>I read this method and it sounds very intriguing.  However, you end up with 
>the hive contents distributed into three full-depth supers.  It isn't exactly 
>clear how Mr. Wallingford consolidates this back into two boxes.  I emailed 
>him about his method, but never got a response.  Has anyone tried this?  If 
>so, how do you reduce the hive to two boxes?  I'm considering trying this next 
>spring on two hives that need requeening.

Reducing the number of boxes is necessary whenever you unite colonies
for whatever reason.  If there are sufficient frames without brood you
can simply take them away and put the rest of the frames back into one
(or two) boxes.  Unfortunately, life isn't usually that simple.  There
are normally too many frames with brood.  In that case it's easier if
you can find the queen - a good reason for marking her.  Put the box(es)
you want to retain plus the queen on the floor.  Put on a queen excluder
and then add the extra brood box(es) followed by any supers.  Arrange
for the box(es) above the queen excluder to include all the frames
without brood, any old or defective frames you would like to take out of
service and then make up the numbers with any other frames.  Come back
in about 3 weeks time and all the brood above the excluder should have
emerged.  You will probably find quite a lot of honey there.  You can
leave that untill it's capped and extract it or use the frames for
making nuclei or re-enforcing weak hives.

What if you can't find the queen?  That's quite likely if you've been
using Nick Wallingford's requeening method!  Well, put all the boxes
together but split them into two with a queen excluder.  (You'll need
another excluder under the honey supers as well.)  Come back at least
4 days later and go through the boxes looking for eggs.  When you find
them you know which side of the excluder the queen is.  You can now
reorganise the hive to get the box(es) with the queen at the bottom
fillowed by a queen excluder, more brood boxes and so on.  Then just
continue as in the first method, above.

-- 
Malcolm Roe                            Phone  :  +44 442 230000 ext 5104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd              Fax    :  +44 442 232301
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK    E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From rsrodger@wam.umd.edu Thu Aug 25 22:50:23 EDT 1994
Article: 723 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.concert.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.umbc.edu!haven.umd.edu!cville-srv.wam.umd.edu!rsrodger
From: rsrodger@wam.umd.edu (R S Rodgers)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What is bee pollen?
Date: Sun, 21 Aug 1994 13:19:13 -0500
Organization: University of Maryland College Park
Lines: 32
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References: <lapointeCuEMMs.Do4@netcom.com> <33437e$1tr@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu>
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lapointe@netcom.com (Douglas LaPointe) writes:
>First I will apologize for asking such a newbee question, but I
>could not find my answer in the FAQ.
>I saw bee pollen for sale in a health food store.  Is this pollen
>that has been harvested by honey bees?  It was touted as being
>extremely nutritious, "you can live off of this stuff". Is this true?

The current snake oil from health nuts.  Right up there with "royal
jelly," "shark cartilege" and other absurdities.  In promoting it, the
advertisements generally pander to the same kind of "natural or
mysterious" == "good" notion carried about by so many people.  The
typical ad for bee pollen will claim that it's a "high protein
supplement .. fed to the larvae and responsible for the incredible
life force that makes up the hive."  Almost always it will contain
some reference to un-named (because there aren't any) "trace elements"
which you may be terribly deficient in (this is the general plug,
though, for almost all wacko supplements).

Yeah, it's protein all right.  You could do just as well with protein
from any other source, given how miniscule a dose it contains.  You
have to give them credit for the sales pitches, though.  People are
always looking for _something_ magical.

My particular favorites, though, continue to come from the cosmetics
industry, not the supplements hawkers.  They're improving, though --
the claims about Chromium and "amino acid pills" are particularly
amusing.

--
Previous .sig deleted because some people couldn't parse "from email
_received_ re: a post on comp.sys.powerpc."



From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Thu Aug 25 22:50:24 EDT 1994
Article: 724 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Tips on finding queen?
Date: Wed, 24 Aug 94 08:17:26 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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In article <1994Aug23.130930.7403@crosfield.co.uk>
roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe) writes:
 
>...
>There is also a method of requeening without finding the queen due
>to Nick Wallingford.  If I can find a copy I'll post it here.
>
 
I retrieved a copy of Nick's posting from BEE-L LOG9403 .
/Aa
 
Date:         Sun, 13 Mar 1994 15:08:00 +1300
Reply-To:     Discussion of Bee Biology <BEE-L@ALBNYVM1.BITNET>
Sender:       Discussion of Bee Biology <BEE-L@ALBNYVM1.BITNET>
From:         NICKW@WAIKATO.AC.NZ
Subject:      Requeening without finding the queen
 
Summary:  Description of requeening a hive without having to look
for the old queen.  Variation of an article that orginally
appeared in the Beginners Notes column of the NZ Beekeeper
several years ago.
 
REQUEENING WITHOUT LOOKING FOR THE QUEEN by Nick Wallingford
 
One of the big stumbling blocks for many beginner beekeepers is
that problem of how do you actually get the queen into the hive.
The fundamentals -- the colony should be queenless, it should be
well fed and it should have young bees emerging.
 
How do you actually go about doing it?  Most books tell you
simply to find the old queen, kill her, and introduce your young
queen in the mailing cage she came in.  Fine, you think.  Until
you go out to look through your (strong) (aggressive) (agitated)
colony for the queen.  And knowing that you have your valuable,
newly-arrived queen sitting in the house just waiting to be
installed!
 
So this message will be mostly devoted to giving you a method of
introducing new queens to your hives without ever having to look
for the old queen.  And like any such system, it is not
foolproof.  It works for me and for many other beekeepers, but if
it doesn't for you, first make sure you are following directions.
Then consider special problems you might have, especially as they
relate to the 'golden rules' of queenless, well-fed, with plenty
of young bees.
 
The system I will describe is not new, and it was not my idea.
It's a combination of all sorts of ideas.  Its the sort of
management technique that develops when you have a fair idea of
what you want to do, but you're not sure how.  Then, rather than
just making up your system, you sit back and think about bee
behaviour and try to work effectively within the bounds of the
ways bees will *usually* respond to certain stimuli.
 
The object of the system is to create a nucleus colony on top of
the old colony.  I wanted a system that could be easily used by
hobbyist or commercial beekeeper alike, without ever looking for
the queen.  It should be versatile, both in being able to deal
with colonies of differing strengths and with end results.  That
is, the resulting nucleus, or top, can be used to re-queen with
or to start a new colony.  The method should use a minimum of
extra equipment, and no exotic or complicated gadgets (much as I
like them...)
 
They are based around beekeeping systems that use two full depth
brood chambers for most of the year.  The system introduces a
third box, which is of the same depth as the brood chamber boxes.
After all is complete, you'll want to work this extra box 'out',
especially if you (1) use different depth boxes for
storing/extracting surplus and/or (2) you are particular about
using white comb only (never used for brood rearing) as honey
supers.
 
The only 'extra' piece of equipment needed is a split board, also
known as a division board.  To those of you who may not know what
that is, it is simply a hive mat (inner cover) that has had a
notch cut out of the rim on one side so as to form an entrance
for a colony set above it.  The notch can be anywhere from 20 to
100 mm wide; I prefer to have mine about 50 mm, making it large
enough for a fairly strong unit but still small enough that the
bees can protect it while the colony is still small.
 
I have modified the inner covers on all of my hives in this
manner.  Just to try something new this last autumn, I turned
them over on my hives in an effort to give some sort of upper
ventilation.  I'm not really sure how much good it did.
 
You will also need a queen excluder.  As I have one of these for
each hive as a matter of course, that is no problem. One last
piece of equipment needed will be another box of drawn comb.
 
Now, after all that prelude, let's see how the system works.  For
the sake of beginning, let us assume that it is springtime and
your colony is housed in two boxes and you want to simply
re-queen it.  As you'll see later, you have other options, but
let's start from this basic case.
 
When you open your hive, you'll find most of the brood and bees
in the upper box.  Remove three frames of brood, both sealed and
unsealed, from the centre of the brood nest.  Take a glance over
them first to see if you can spot the queen.  Now that you're
starting on a method that means you don't have to find her, its
amazing how often you will!  Then shake all of the bees off of
them, back into the colony.
 
You needn't shake off every last one of them, so long as you are
sure that the queen is not one of the bees remaining. Now, place
these three frames into the middle of the box of combs you have
brought with you.
 
If there are plenty of stores in the parent colony, take two good
frames of honey, shake the bees from them, and place them in the
new box with the three frames of brood.  If there is not much
honey in the hive, you will have to feed either the parent hive,
the nucleus, or in the worst case, both.
 
Now, you can start to re-build the hive.  Replace all the frames
you have taken from the parent colony with empty combs, doing
your best not to split the brood nest if possible.  On top of
this second box, place the queen excluder.  On top of the
excluder, place the new box containing the brood and honey that
has had the bees shaken from them.
 
Put the lid on the hive and go away.  Think about what you have
just done.  You have lifted brood and bees above the excluder.
What is going to happen to the brood up there?  The pheromones it
gives off will attract nurse bees that are down in the main hive
up to it.  Combining that with the frames of honey, the third box
that you have added has quite a 'pull' to bring bees up into it.
 
But remember, there is a queen excluder between the boxes, so
there is no way the old queen can come up there.
 
After about 20 minutes, if you go back to the hive and lift the
lid, you will find that enough bees have come up into the nucleus
to take care of the brood, defend the colony and take care of
your new queen.
 
All you have to do now is replace the queen excluder with the
division board and presto!  You have your nucleus colony ready
for introducing the young queen.  It is queenless (because the
queen couldn't come up through the excluder).  It has plenty of
young bees (because they have come up to take care of the brood
you lifted).  And it has plenty of food (because you provided
them with two frames of honey).  All the conditions have been met
for ideal queen introduction.  You can expect that some of the
bees will drift back to the main colony, but the young bees
taking care of the brood will most likely remain - the new unit
shouldn't drop in bee strength too drastically.
 
This system could be used on a larger number of hives.  By the
time the beekeeper has worked through the yard, shaking bees from
brood and honey to lift into the new box, the first hive would
have been left long enough for the bees to come up.
 
Introduce your young queen into the top and wait a week. Don't
disturb them in this time if at all possible; until the new queen
is established and laying fully, the bees haven't really fully
accepted her.  Disturb them during this period and it is possible
for them to turn on her.
 
After a week, you will have a parent colony on the bottom, only
slightly reduced in strength by the bees, brood and honey you
took.  And you will have a nucleus colony headed by a young queen
above the split board, all set for your next decision.
 
You can either use it to re-queen the parent colony, or you could
place it on its own floor to use for increasing your colony
numbers.  If you choose the second option, it would be best if
you actually moved it several miles away to avoid the loss of
field strength through drifting.
 
If you want to re-queen the parent colony, you could now go
through it, looking for the old queen, preparing to unite the two
colonies by replacing the split board with a sheet of newspaper
for them to chew their way through. But that would defeat the
whole point, wouldn't it?  We're supposed to be doing this
without ever looking for a queen, aren't we?
 
If you can go through and find the old queen, aided by any
tricks/knacks you might have to quickly locate queens, so much
the better.  You're certain of results then.
 
But, believe it or not, you have the odds of success heavily in
your favour if you simply newspaper the two units together
without looking for the old queen at all.  In almost 90% of the
cases, if you unite two colonies with the young queen on the top
of an old queen, the young queen will be left to head the
resulting hive.
 
Why this happens is open to argument.  Some beekeepers will tell
you that the bees always select the best of the two queens. I
doubt that.  My explanation goes along the lines of the young
queen's bees are confined in the top box when you replace the
split board with newspaper.  As well, her field bees returning
cannot use their normal entrance, the slot on the split board.
They then drift down to the main colony entrance.  As they are
foragers returning with a load, they will be accepted without
causing outrageous fighting at the hive entrance.  I think the
old queen is then probably killed by the 'scissor' effect of bees
foreign to her coming at her from both directions - down as the
bees confined above the newspaper chew through and move down in
the hive, and up by the foragers from the top unit coming in
through the bottom entrance and finding a 'strange' queen in
'their' hive.
 
It has certainly worked for me, and if the thought of trying to
find queens is an impossible one for you, the system might be
worth considering.  You might just want to experiment with it to
see if the time savings will repay the small amount of
uncertainty involved.
 
It's not the answer to all of a beekeepers problems, but it just
gives you an idea how by thinking a little bit about bee
behaviour, you can sort out your management system to make your
life a little easier while doing all you can in the interests of
maximum production.
 
-------------------------------------
          Nick Wallingford
 (East coast, N Island, New Zealand)
     Internet nickw@waikato.ac.nz
-------------------------------------


From hhickman@ess.harris.com Thu Aug 25 22:50:25 EDT 1994
Article: 725 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!darwin.sura.net!jabba.ess.harris.com!hhickman.ess.harris.com!user
From: hhickman@ess.harris.com (H. Harris Hickman)
Subject: Re: evicting bees?
Message-ID: <hhickman-240894122852@hhickman.ess.harris.com>
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Sender: usenet@jabba.ess.harris.com (Usenet News Feed)
Nntp-Posting-Host: hhickman.ess.harris.com
Organization: Harris ESS, Palm Bay Florida
References: <Cuxyx9.F35@zeno.fit.edu>
Date: Wed, 24 Aug 1994 17:28:52 GMT
Lines: 28

In article <Cuxyx9.F35@zeno.fit.edu>, wood@kepler.pss.fit.edu (Matt A.
Wood) wrote:

> I have some bees that have taken up residence in my house, and while
> I'd rather not kill them, I really don't want them living under my
> roof (one gets inside every couple of weeks).  Does anyone know
> a local beekeeper that might like to come take them to a more loving
> home?
> 
> Thanks for your help.
> 
> --
> Matt A. Wood                            Assistant Professor 
> wood@kepler.pss.fit.edu                 Dept. of Physics and Space Sciences
> (407) 768-8000 (x7207)                  Florida Institute of Technology
> http://pss.fit.edu/wood.html            Melbourne, FL  32901-6988



Matt

	In the Melbourne phone book there is a "Mac the Bee Man", listed under
BEEKEEPING.  Should do the trick.  By the way, I live on Edgewood, and I'm
thinking about bring some bees down from NC.  Would like to keep them in a
local orange grove.  Any suggestions?

Harris Hickman
HHickman@harris.com


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Thu Aug 25 22:50:26 EDT 1994
Article: 726 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!jussieu.fr!univ-lyon1.fr!swidir.switch.ch!newsfeed.ACO.net!Austria.EU.net!EU.net!uunet!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: evicting bees?
Message-ID: <Cv248H.51M@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <Cuxyx9.F35@zeno.fit.edu> <hhickman-240894122852@hhickman.ess.harris.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Aug 1994 20:43:28 GMT
Lines: 17

In article <hhickman-240894122852@hhickman.ess.harris.com>,
H. Harris Hickman <hhickman@ess.harris.com> wrote:

>By the way, I live on Edgewood, and I'm
>thinking about bring some bees down from NC.  Would like to keep them in a
>local orange grove.  Any suggestions?

 Hummm, I"d make sure you get in touch with the FL dept. of Agriculture,
Apiary Inspection before you move bees across state lines.
 It might be highly illegal to bring bees into FL now, I'm not up on the
latest laws, but choosing to ignore them is pretty anti-social and illegal!
:)
Adam 
-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From fisher@lyra.hac.com Thu Aug 25 22:50:27 EDT 1994
Article: 727 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!netline-fddi.jpl.nasa.gov!nntp-server.caltech.edu!news.cerf.net!hacgate2.hac.com!lyra!root
From: root@lyra.hac.com (Dave Fisher)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What is bee pollen?
Date: 25 Aug 1994 00:19:41 GMT
Organization: Hughes Aircraft Company
Lines: 21
Message-ID: <33go2t$ejl@hacgate2.hac.com>
References: <lapointeCuEMMs.Do4@netcom.com> <33437e$1tr@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu> <HouLkO9RtA$I070yn@wam.umd.edu>
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X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

R S Rodgers (rsrodger@wam.umd.edu) wrote:
: lapointe@netcom.com (Douglas LaPointe) writes:
: >First I will apologize for asking such a newbee question, but I
: >could not find my answer in the FAQ.
: >I saw bee pollen for sale in a health food store.  Is this pollen
: >that has been harvested by honey bees?  It was touted as being
: >extremely nutritious, "you can live off of this stuff". Is this true?

: The current snake oil from health nuts.  Right up there with "royal
: jelly," "shark cartilege" and other absurdities.  In promoting it, the

It may or may not have virtues, but I had an alarming experience with this
substance once.

I ate some "raw" bee pollen about 8 years ago, and instantly lost my
voice.  It returned after about 30 minutes.  Pretty scary, although not
too serious.  

Dave




From jts@snowman.Central.Sun.COM Thu Aug 25 22:50:28 EDT 1994
Article: 728 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.concert.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!swrinde!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!usc!nic-nac.CSU.net!charnel.ecst.csuchico.edu!olivea!koriel!newsworthy.West.Sun.COM!cronkite.Central.Sun.COM!snowman!jts
From: jts@snowman.Central.Sun.COM (Jim Stewart - Sun Minneapolis SE)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Where do I find a beekeeping suit?
Date: 25 Aug 1994 20:08:11 GMT
Organization: Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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Distribution: usa
Message-ID: <33itnb$reu@cronkite.Central.Sun.COM>
Reply-To: jts@snowman.Central.Sun.COM
NNTP-Posting-Host: snowman.central.sun.com

Does anyone know where I can find a beekeeping suit - as in a suit that
you wear that wasps and bumblebees can't sting through?

My house sits on 2.5 acres and I've kept most of it natural with tall weeds.
However, I'd like to start exposing more of the land and keep it cut to a
lawn level.  However, when I was using a weed wacker last spring, I stopped
short of some weeds, since there was a large (8-10 inch) hole that I wanted
to avoid that I assumed belonged to a skunk I had seen wondering around my
land.  The next few days I noticed some bumblebees hovering over the area
and disappearing down into the general vicinity of these weeds.  So, I'd
like to avoid cutting these tall weeds and surprising a nesting group of
bumblebees.  I figure that a bee suit will protect me from getting stung.

Thanks for your help.





From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Sat Aug 27 11:13:03 EDT 1994
Article: 729 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!library.ucla.edu!agate!msuinfo!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!roberts-1f3-06.cc.monash.edu.au!roadent
From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Tips on finding queen?
Date: Fri, 26 Aug 1994 04:05:40 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 29
Message-ID: <roadent.536.2E5D6A14@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
References: <32tema$bu5@jabba.cybernetics.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-06.cc.monash.edu.au

In article <32tema$bu5@jabba.cybernetics.net> crumley@jabba.cybernetics.net (Steve Crumley) writes:

>This is my second year of beekeeping and I'm still having trouble
>locating the queen.  I know what she looks like, and sometimes when

In the discussion I have seen going on along this thread, I have not seen 
anyone mention that it usualy pays to check all the internal walls of the 
hive as well...
The first time I ever searched for a queen, I took out all the frames and 
shook them all of, and didn't find the queen anywhere.
A more experienced beekeeper came and offered his help, and he did exactly 
the same thing, then found her crawling into a corner to hide.  Once all 
the bees were on the wall surfaces rather than the frames, they clustered 
around the queen, making her that little bit more obvious.  One tip here....
don't do it this way with a single....the bees may be inclined to leave if 
all their combs dissapear....:->
I am intending to try the "strainer" method when summer arrives down here...
This requires attatching a Q.excluder to the bottom of an empty super, 
sitting this "strainer" on top of an empty (no frames) super, on top of the 
bottom box of the hive being "strained", with enough space to put in frames 
as they become emptied of bees.
The bees are then shaken from the frames into the empty strainer, and the 
workers will move through the Q.excluder onto the honey and brood below.
The queen, strangely enough, will not fit through the excluder....
:->  Note, the strainer should not be shaken to move the bees through, as 
this (apparently...I can't imagine why) upsets them.
IS THERE A SECTION IN THE FAQ about this????
Adrian (again he tries to be helpful...again the results are debateable)
 


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Sat Aug 27 11:13:04 EDT 1994
Article: 730 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: I'm a little annoyed...
Date: Fri, 26 Aug 1994 04:48:20 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 19
Message-ID: <roadent.537.2E5D7414@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-06.cc.monash.edu.au

Well....more than a little...In the "halls of residence" (college dorms, 
call them what you will) where I live, there is a hive of bees (no really?? 
bees???) in the roof.  I offered about three months ago to remove them, but, 
because I am a resident here, I am not allowed on the roof....so they 
declined my offer.
Now there are great clouds of angry bees flying around because someone (I 
assume one of the maintenance men) has put a bag of somthing (presumably 
poison) across the entrance...
Now I ask you, what is more dangerous to the general community...me getting 
up on a flat roof with a two foot high wall all around it to remove the 
bees, OR a whole bunch of very angry bees, no longer only at roof level, 
annoying and (not yet...but it is possible) stining passers by?
I mean, I have been on heaps of sloped roofs without any sort of safety   
"net" so I know I can do it...yet, no doubt most of the people that are 
potential sting victims won't know if they are allergic or not....I wonder 
if a law suit could be pending somewhere...  :-> (yeah...right)

Adrian. (not feeling very helpful at the moment...)



From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Sat Sep 17 22:49:18 EDT 1994
Article: 785 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,misc.test
Subject: Re: test, please reply
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 1994 05:16:49 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 15
Message-ID: <roadent.629.2E714141@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
References: <34l342$3kl@ionian.scranton.com> <34piln$dml@sun4.bham.ac.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-07.cc.monash.edu.au
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:785 misc.test:56851

In article <34piln$dml@sun4.bham.ac.uk> altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox) writes:
>From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
>Subject: Re: test, please reply
>Date: 9 Sep 1994 11:58:47 GMT

>In article <34l342$3kl@ionian.scranton.com>, dave@lydian.scranton.com (Dave D.
>Cawley) says:
>>
>>        Howdy I'm sending a test mesage, please let me know if you see this.
>>

>yes

test message??? Where????
Sorry...try again.....


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Sat Sep 17 22:49:19 EDT 1994
Article: 786 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ
Message-ID: <Cvx243.Ix9@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Summary: Pointers to Apicultural Information on the Internet 
Keywords: Faq, bees, beekeeping, apis, honeybee, information
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 1994 13:43:15 GMT
Lines: 288




sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ

9/10/94

 This is FAQ #4 for sci.agriculture.beekeeping. 
 To have this FAQ archived in news.answers, it needs to be submitted following
 a rigorous template. It is about halfway done. Later this month I'll 
 submit this FAQ. (Adam) (Later...)

 **Note**  Excellent information may be obtained on grease patty use and
manufacture in the latest _Apis_ magazine, available on
sci.agriculture.beekeeping, bee-l, and all the FTP sites.


****** POINTERS TO APICULTURAL INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET ******
 
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* sci.agriculture.beekeeping   Beekeeping, bee-culture and hive products.

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* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Colorado State University
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* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Iowa State University
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* sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu  Anonymous ftp
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* crl.com      Anonymous ftp
                password <your e-mail address>
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* sunsite.unc.edu   Anonymous ftp, gopher, telnet 
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*    ftp.ucdavis.edu    Anonymous ftp
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Questions about accessing these sources may be answered locally or by
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 Please don't be afraid to ask!


* Beekeeping FAQ's (frequently asked questions)

How to USE:

Internet E-Mail a message addressed to:  HINT.103@beenet.com
on subject line put the name of FAQ   :  HONEY ADULTERATION

thats all, you are welcome to add a message.<G> Mail runs are
6am & 6pm.

  FAQ                                           Last update    8-22-94
  name                                                * NEW or UPDATED
_________
HINT.IND        THIS INDEX                                          *

yellow.jacket   How to get rid of them! Adrian Wenner  8/94         *
argentin.ant    Argentine Ant Control   Adrian Wenner  8/94         *
ambee.fed       Info-Joining American Beekeeping Federation
apimon95.txt    Info- APIMONDIA 1995 Meeting
mead.lst        How to join the Mead list mail
bee-l.faq       How to Join the Bee-L list mail & find FAQ's
import.relief   Letter to Congress, William J. Clinton (1994)
usda-bee.lab    Address & Info on Sending Dead bee samples (1992)
formic.txt      Warning on use of Formic Acid by beekeepers (1992)
propolis        Jerry Bronenshenk on PROPOLIS (1993)
4-H.txt         4-H joins the Internet (1993)
FSHEET11        INFORMATION US BEEKEEPING
HINT.101        SOURCES OF BEEKEEPING INFORMATION
HINT.102        HONEY AND ITS USES
HINT.103        HONEY ADULTERATION
HINT.104        FLORIDA BEE INSPECTION
HINT.105        FLORIDA BEARS AND BEEKEEPING
HINT.106        HONEY HOUSE SANITATION
HINT.107        FLORIDA HONEY LABELING REGULATIONS
HINT.108        PRODUCING SECTION (COMB) HONEY
HINT.109        EXHIBITING HONEY
HINT.110        SAMPLE POLLINATION AGREEMENT
HINT.111        SOLAR BEESWAX RENDERING AND HINTS FOR EXHIBITING WAX BLOCKS
HINT.112        EXTENSION APICULTURAL VISUAL AIDS
HINT.113        USING HONEY IN LARGE-QUANTITY RECIPES
HINT.115        GOOD NEIGHBOR GUIDELINES AND ORDINANCES
HINT.116        CHALKBROOD RECOMMENDATIONS
HINT.117        HONEY MARKETING SURVEY
HINT.118        PRODUCING POLLEN
HINT.119        FINANCIAL MANGEMENT FOR BEEKEEPERS
HINT.120        UPWARD VENTILATION
HINT.121        WAX MOTH CONTROL
HINT.122        BEE STINGS AND REACTIONS
HINT.123        EXTENSION APICULTURE IN FLORIDA
HINT.124        FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RATIOS FOR BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.125        PRESERVING WOODENWARE IN BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.126        THE VALUE OF POLLINATION BY HONEY BEES
HINT.127        THE VARROA BEE MITE
HINT.128        INFANT BOTULISM AND HONEY
HINT.129        HONEY JUDGING AND STANDARDS
HINT.130        USING THE HONEY REFRACTOMETER
HINT.131        OBSERVATION BEE HIVES

All HINT's courtesy of Malcolm T. Sanford, Cooperative Extension Service
University of Florida, Gainesville, Fl  e:mail mts@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
*beenet.com is a Information Service for Beekeepers & Friends, operated by
Andy Nachbaur from the Wild Bee's BBS, 209-826-8107, Los Banos, CA
****Thanks to Andy Nachbaur for putting this together.****
Andy would like your talents in expanding this service.
Interested? Write him. E:mail Andy.Nachbaur@beeneet.com


 
  1 -800-356-5941                     P.O. Box 281525
  415-340-3568  (FAX)              San Franscisco, CA 94128-1525 USA

* National Honey Board
  421 21 st, suite 203,
  Longmont, CO  80501 USA
  303-776-2337

* The American Apitherapy Society, Inc.
 P.O. Box 124, Woodsville, NH 03785
  603-747-2507 (V,F)

 *International Bee Research Association
  18 North Rd
  Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK
  F: (+44)222 665522
  V: (+44)222 372409 (24 hrs)


 * Mead lovers list:
mead-lovers-request@eklektix.com   mead mailing list (subscribe, unsubscribe,
etc)
mead-lovers@eklektix.com (to send message to all current
mead-lover subscribers)
	
* The Mead Association
 P.O. Box 4666
 Grand Junction, CO 81502
 1-800-693-MEAD
 outside US 303-442-9111 

* Mead book list: for a good list of books on mead mail: jkl2@Ra.MsState.edu 
 ask for book list.


***** Printed Beekeeping Reference Sources ******

* For an extensive list of Australian beekeeping references e:mail
adent@deakin.edu.au 

* For British beekeeping references and general British bee information,
e:mail roe@crosfield.co.uk

* Sheila A. Lafferty, librarian/archivist at uconn. handles the _ Hewitt
Apicultural Collection_ containing both books and periodicals. 
Write her for a bibliography, e:mail: wbladmo3@uconnvm.uconn.edu
Or obtain the bibliography via gopher: uconn.edu /libraries/waterbury 
(although this wasn't working when I tried it--adamf)


***** Specialists *****

* John Mcghee, VA Dept of Agriculture Apiary Inspector wishes questions from,
 and has a list of resources for *beginning beekeepers*.  He will focus on
 practical management and the first years for beekeepers.
  e:mail  mcghee@hopper.itc.virginia.edu

 * Dr. Rick Fell, Apiculture/Entomology professor and researcher at VA Tech
is available for questions, comments and queries.         
e:mail  rfell@vt.edu

 * Dr. Adrian Wenner, Biology professor and researcher at UCAL SB has
available information on Yellow Jacket Control.
e:mail wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu 

* For historical bee lore questions (bees knees), and bee lore info
write Warner Granade, Librarian at UVa.
e:mail jwg2y@poe.acc.virginia.edu

* Pollen Information, including pollen production and pollen usage is 
available from Rob Bidleman.
e:mail robbee@crl.com or Anonymous FTP crl.com (see previous section on FTP
sites) 



If anyone would like to "keep" a list of beekeeping references,
making it available to other beekeepers on the internet,
send us your e:mail address and ideas. This will save space on the FAQ.
We need experts to answer questions
and curate specialized apicultural information sites on the internet.

* BOMBUS
 A mailing list dedicated to Bumblebees!!
 To subscribe, send a message to bombus-request@csi.uottawa.ca.
 To send a message to everyone on the list, mail it to
 bombus@csi.uottawa.ca.
 The Bombus list is maintained by Chris Plowright
 (plowright@csi.uottawa.ca)




  FAQ List
 The following list of frequently asked questions was compiled by 
 Rick Hough (rshough@tasc.com)  Thank you Rick for a fine job.


Folks? Please answer some of these questions if you can find time.
(you'll get your name in the FAQ!)

  Why did my beehive die?
  What is the difference between Honey Bees and other stinging insects?
  How do I recognize a honey bee?
  Why do Bees Sting?
  What Should I do if there are bees flying all around me?
  What is the best treatment for a bee sting?
  What about allergic reactions?
  Is it true that all bees/honeybees will more likely attack things that
  are tall/dark/furry-hairy/smelly (what kind of smells?) ?
  What is an African Bee, and how do I recognize it?
  Why are African Bees called "Killer Bees?"
  Are African Bees really dangerous?
  Do I have to worry about African Bees? (will African Bees be moving into
  my neighborhood?)
  How far north will the "killer Bees" get, and when?
  Bibliography of children's books on bees.
  Bibliography of beekeeping texts.
  Bibliography of biology (habitat, parasites, etc.)
  Protective gear.
  Finding Queens.
  Regulatory and research people and their addresses.
  AHB Progress and news.
  What is the National Honey Board?
  How do I find a local beekeeper?
  What is a swarm -are they dangerous
  Are their different races of honeybees? What are they and how do they
  differ?
  Supering.
  Honey Production.
  Queen Rearing.
  Social Order.
  Lore.
  Bee Deterrent?
  Swarm removal.


   Thanks,

Rick   rshough@tasc.com

Adam   adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu
-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From sid@netcom.com Sat Sep 17 22:49:23 EDT 1994
Article: 787 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!yeshua.marcam.com!charnel.ecst.csuchico.edu!csusac!csus.edu!netcom.com!sid
From: sid@netcom.com (Kerwin S. Van Gelder)
Subject: BEES1.GIF
Message-ID: <sidCvxKFJ.16I@netcom.com>
Organization: NETCOM On-line Communication Services (408 261-4700 guest)
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 1994 20:18:55 GMT
Lines: 3690

This is a picture of bees. This is also my first post to this group. 
Please let me know if this picture doesn't turn out.

I am also doing a research paper on the "Killer Bees" and am looking for 
information (papers, sources, books, etc.) if anyone can help, please let 
me know.

section 1 of uuencode 5.25 of file bees1.gif    by R.E.M.

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end
sum -r/size 64838/227646 section (from "begin" to "end")
sum -r/size 28515/165206 entire input file


-- 
                                             sid@netcom.com


From Dave.Du.Toit@enviro.cds.alt.za Sat Sep 17 22:49:24 EDT 1994
Article: 788 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!quagga.ru.ac.za!ucthpx!itu1.sun.ac.za!cstatd.cstat.co.za!cds!enviro!dave.du.toit
From: Dave.Du.Toit@enviro.cds.alt.za (Dave Du Toit)
Date: 10 Sep 94 20:41:00 
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: African Bees
Message-ID: <129_9409110325@cds.alt.za>
X-FTN-To: Andy.nachbaur@beenet.com
Organization: - Enviro-Base BBS, Tzaneen (RSA), (0152) 307-5954 
Lines: 83

Hi Andy


AA> My first question would be have you ever worked bee's in the US?
No, born here in Africa, enjoy it here with all its problems and 
whatever and have never been out of this country except to a few 
neighboring states.
 
AA> working with queen nucs and wanted to show their visitor. The
AA> African beekeepers dressed up, cover-alls, gloves, the works and
AA> approached the bees with Wayne who was in normal dress, cut off
AA> shorts, T- Shirt, thongs for shoes, no veil,
 
AA> a frame to display the brood pattern and queen, he looked up and saw
AA> his visitor retreating down the path in grate haste.

Well lets put it this way if he approached a site here with a few 
strong colonies and tried to work on them like that I doubt he would be 
back to tell the tale and thus maybe the reaction of the beekeepers,

AA> Wayne learned from the beekeeper that in South Africa a more
AA> cautious attitude is taken when working bees, and they even found it
AA> desirable to do most of the work at night. Is this the norm in South
AA> Africa?
Well everything depends on the circumstances I do most of my work during 
the day except in cases where my colonies are near people and I am 
forced to work at night, but naturally the forced removal of bees in 
situations of nuisance is all done at night. Once you get use to the 
bees it is also possible to work on them without gloves but no 
protection is not advisable, when moving my colonies at night I dont 
actually wear any protective clothing in this case only my gloves.
So as I say it all depends on circumstance, who, what and how.  

AA> The big question is do you have Varroa mites in South Africa?

Well we have no known problem of any bee diseases in the country thus 
the strict laws on importation of bee products to the country, although 
this wise law is being threatened but thats another story. Our biggest 
problem is wax moth and at the moment a take over by the cape bee, as we 
basically have to types of bees used for commercial purposes one found 
in the Western and Eastern Cape area (apis mellifera capensis) and then 
the Apis mellifera scutellata found in the rest of the country.

Summary on damage by Cape bee, If colonies of cape bee comes across 
those of scutellata and mix by way of drifting or during transportation, 
one of the cape bees takes over the role of queen (the cape bee 
forms a part a rare few species whereby the worker is able to lay 
eggs which hatch into workers and no mating has taken place) 
which causes the colony to dwindle and die, the take over is more 
prominent in times of drought or stressful conditions.

A law was pasted that all colonies that had come in contact 
with the cape bee or showing signs of the take over  must be destroyed 
a boundary line was made where no bees may be transported over, to 
keep the two races separate, but the problem is still at hand and 
colonies are being lost daily. 

AA> in South America the so called African bees are not bothered by
AA> varroa mites,
Strong colonies of african bees are known to be able to overcome most 
situations its more the keeping them strong thats the problem.
 
AA> their genes have been identified in many areas of the west,
AA> we may all soon have them and see for ourselves.

They are not such a bad bee to work with, I have a nursery site about 
three meters from my house and at stages I can have upto 200 colonies in 
it and in the 14 years of working with bees here have not once had an 
incident whereby they just go out and sting without some sort of 
provocation. They tend to get angry only once they have a stores of 
honey and due to there bad temperament they do help to keep the amount of 
beekeepers down to a point whereby you can still make a living out of 
doing it.

AA> But the bug in the rug is a billion $ almond industry that
AA> believes they need 800-900,000 live hives each spring to pollinate
AA> their crop.

Pollination forms 50% of my business and one of our problems is 
convincing farmers of the vital role bees play in there orchards, but 
some people take a long time to learn.

Dave 


From JEFF@wvnvm.wvnet.edu Sat Sep 17 22:49:25 EDT 1994
Article: 789 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!darwin.sura.net!wvnvms!wvnvm!jeff
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bees in my house
Message-ID: <94253.175205JEFF@wvnvm.wvnet.edu>
From: Jeff Brooks <JEFF@wvnvm.wvnet.edu>
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 1994 17:52:05 EDT
Lines: 19

Hi.
 
A colony of honeybees just moved into my house last Tuesday (Sept 7).
Yes, I know that bees don't normally swarm this time of year, and no,
they haven't been there all summer, they really did just move in.
 
Can anyone here explain this?  And offer some inexpensive solutions
to the problem?  They've been getting into the house in _large_
numbers (100+ per day).  My three year old got badly stung sitting on
several.  Fortunately, he's not allergic, but he did get a couple of
very large welts (4+ inches in diameter).
 
It's really a crying shame to exterminate the hive, but they charge
$300 around here to capture them.  It's a healthy colony, too, and
here in WV we've lost thousands of hives to the mite this year.
What can we do?
 
Please respond to my email address; I don't follow your group.
 
bonni
involuntary beekeeper


From kjs@spaceworks.com Sat Sep 17 22:49:26 EDT 1994
Article: 790 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!sunic!trane.uninett.no!eunet.no!nuug!EU.net!uunet!spaceworks.com!news
From: kjs@spaceworks.com (Kimberly Strong)
Subject: Re: BEES1.GIF
Message-ID: <Cvz1Do.M2@spaceworks.com>
Sender: kjs@spaceworks.com
Date: Sun, 11 Sep 1994 15:22:35 GMT
Organization: SpaceWorks, Inc.
Lines: 6

Hi!

How do I take your text and edit out the non-GIF info and then
save it as a GIF file?  I tried without success.

Kimberly


From sid@netcom.com Sat Sep 17 22:49:27 EDT 1994
Article: 791 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!csus.edu!netcom.com!sid
From: sid@netcom.com (Kerwin S. Van Gelder)
Subject: Bees1.Gif text
Message-ID: <sidCvzDy1.8AI@netcom.com>
Organization: NETCOM On-line Communication Services (408 261-4700 guest)
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]
Date: Sun, 11 Sep 1994 19:54:01 GMT
Lines: 10

The way to edit the GIF file (if your software needs to) is delete
everything before the BEGIN line and everything after the END line. There
is software out there (specifically uuencode/uudecode 5.25) that does
everything for you. It is available via FTP or I could post it here if you
already have software that will decode it.

I do not know of any FTP sites that carry BEE type pictures that's why I
posted here.
-- 
                                             sid@netcom.com


From spenas@herbie.unl.edu Sat Sep 17 22:49:28 EDT 1994
Article: 792 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!newsfeed.ksu.ksu.edu!moe.ksu.ksu.edu!crcnis1.unl.edu!herbie.unl.edu!spenas
From: spenas@herbie.unl.edu (STEFAN PENAS)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: NEWBIE HELP
Date: 12 Sep 1994 14:06:47 GMT
Organization: University of Nebraska--Lincoln	
Lines: 11
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Summary: bought, used supers
Keywords: supers
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Hello, I am new and on Saturday I purchased eleven used supers. 

My question is, what is the most effective way to clean them of any 
microbial contaminates which might harm the bee packages in the 
spring. Also is there any supply shops that anyone knows of near 
Lincoln NE. 

Thank-you in advance for any tips or suggestions.
Stefan

You can e-mail me at <spenas@herbie.unl.edu> or respond here.


From roe@crosfield.co.uk Sat Sep 17 22:49:28 EDT 1994
Article: 793 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: NEWBIE HELP
Message-ID: <1994Sep12.163239.8977@crosfield.co.uk>
Keywords: supers
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
References: <351n9n$car@crcnis1.unl.edu>
Date: Mon, 12 Sep 1994 16:32:39 GMT
Lines: 24

In article <351n9n$car@crcnis1.unl.edu> spenas@herbie.unl.edu (STEFAN PENAS) writes:
>Hello, I am new and on Saturday I purchased eleven used supers. 
>My question is, what is the most effective way to clean them of any 
>microbial contaminates which might harm the bee packages in the 
>spring.

In the UK the usual method is to flame the boxes.  First you should
scrape most of the wax and propolis off.  Then you need a blowlamp.
You play the flame over the surface of the wood.  When you're finished
the surface should be scorched to a dark brown colour.  I don't know
of any relaible way to sterilize the frames, let alone the wax, so you
need to replace them.

In some parts of the world molten paraffin wax is used.  I'll leave it
to someone with experience of this method to give instructions.

In theory radiation can be used which should sterilize the frames
and wax too but I don't know of anyone using this method in practice.

-- 
Malcolm Roe                            Phone  :  +44 442 230000 ext 5104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd              Fax    :  +44 442 232301
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK    E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Sat Sep 17 22:49:29 EDT 1994
Article: 794 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Lazy!
Message-ID: <Cw18HM.CpB@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Mon, 12 Sep 1994 19:51:22 GMT
Lines: 7

 How many lbs is 1 us gallon of honey?
Adam
(I don't feel like moving)
-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From drews1@aol.com Sat Sep 17 22:49:30 EDT 1994
Article: 795 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: drews1@aol.com (Drew Scherz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Alkaline Hornets
Date: 12 Sep 1994 20:14:12 GMT
Organization: None
Lines: 7
Message-ID: <drews1-1209941511540001@192.198.66.32>
NNTP-Posting-Host: 192.198.66.32

I had a beekeeper eradicate a bunch of what I thought were bees from the
wall of my house today.  He said they were alkaline hornets.  I didn't get
to talk to him very long (over the phone) and I was wondering just what in
the heck alkaline hornets were.  Any info would be appreciated.

--Drew Scherz,
  Austin, Texas


From kmdrach@delphi.com Sat Sep 17 22:49:34 EDT 1994
Article: 796 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jedediah <kmdrach@delphi.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: extender patties
Date: Mon, 12 Sep 94 20:36:11 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
Lines: 8
Message-ID: <RO1xner.kmdrach@delphi.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1a.delphi.com

I am a new beekeeping hobbyist and so far have only one hive.  Preparing for
the end of season (I am in Maine), I am getting ready to mix up an extender
patty.  My problem is that all the recipes I have seen posted assume I have a
lot of hives and tell me how to make at least 14 patties.  Does anyone know how
to make just one?  You know, measured in teaspoons, cups, and things like that,
rather than pounds.  Any thoughts on this will be a big help.  Thanks in
advance.
Kerry Drach


From DEB141@psuvm.psu.edu Sat Sep 17 22:49:35 EDT 1994
Article: 797 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Organization: Penn State University
Date: Mon, 12 Sep 1994 21:38:46 EDT
From: The Master of Darkness <DEB141@psuvm.psu.edu>
Message-ID: <94255.213846DEB141@psuvm.psu.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: OUCH!!!
Lines: 16

Sitting here with a slight pain throbbing in the back of my thigh, I am glad
I have found a little place I can whine.  I was peacefully coming home from
the mall today.  Driving through town I make a left turn and *POW* all of a
sudden an intense pain starts to course through my leg.  It was all I could
do to continue the half mile home without grabbing my crotch and screaming
in agony (which would have been very humorous to all the pedestrians I'm
sure "Hey look!  That dude's playing with himself!") I get home, park my
truck and leap out.  Looking back at my seat I see, as I had suspected (and
hoped), a BEE laying there.  Once the 170lbs that was on top of him moved,
he had the gall to get up and fly!  Needless to say, I was quite upset that
the little bugger had survived me sitting on him, and even more upset that
he was able to get away without me squashing him!  It looked to me to be a
honey bee, please tell me that those little bastards die after stinging
someone...allow me some small amount of satisfaction that tonight, he lies
dead somewhere.  I can say I'm glad, but not very, the pain was caused by a
bee and not the result of some mysterious physical ailment.


From mcft10@calvacom.fr Sat Sep 17 22:49:35 EDT 1994
Article: 798 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!darwin.sura.net!convex!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!oleane!calvacom!mcft10-ppp.calvacom.fr!mcft10
From: Maurice Clerc <mcft10@calvacom.fr>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,misc.test
Subject: Re: test, please reply
Date: 13 Sep 1994 09:02:51 GMT
Organization: FRANCE TELECOM
Lines: 20
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <353prr$8gf@midgard.calvacom.fr>
References: <34l342$3kl@ionian.scranton.com> <roadent.629.2E714141@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
NNTP-Posting-Host: mcft10-ppp.calvacom.fr
X-Newsreader: Nuntius Version 1.2
X-XXMessage-ID: <AA9B37BE3201A87C@mcft10-ppp.calvacom.fr>
X-XXDate: Tue, 13 Sep 1994 11:04:30 GMT
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:798 misc.test:57120

Date: 7 Sep 1994 19:08:50 GMT
In article <34l342$3kl@ionian.scranton.com> Dave D. Cawley,
dave@lydian.scranton.com writes:
>	Howdy I'm sending a test mesage, please let me know if you see this.
  
  I saw it !  

Friendly. 

Maurice Clerc     ( Annecy, France )                


   \|             =
  |||O          =====
   /|          -------
             -----------     |/
             -----------    O|||
      \|     -----------     |\
     |||O    ----###----
      /|    /__________/


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Sat Sep 17 22:49:36 EDT 1994
Article: 799 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!news2.near.net!usenet.elf.com!rpi!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: NEWBIE HELP
Date: Tue, 13 Sep 94 09:22:49 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 13
Message-ID: <1703083EBS86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <351n9n$car@crcnis1.unl.edu> <1994Sep12.163239.8977@crosfield.co.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu
Keywords: supers

In article <1994Sep12.163239.8977@crosfield.co.uk>
roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe) writes:
 
>...
>In theory radiation can be used which should sterilize the frames
>and wax too but I don't know of anyone using this method in practice.
>
Radiation has been proven to be highly effective for the treatment of
AFB, killing virtually all viable spores, documented in a recent issue
of American Bee Journal.  The hard part is finding a facility to nuke
your equipment.  Otherwise, as Malcolm stated, treat with fire.
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Sat Sep 17 22:49:37 EDT 1994
Article: 800 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Lazy!
Date: Tue, 13 Sep 94 09:29:05 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 13
Message-ID: <170308568S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <Cw18HM.CpB@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <Cw18HM.CpB@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein) writes:
 
>
> How many lbs is 1 us gallon of honey?
>Adam
>(I don't feel like moving)
>--
>============================================================================
> Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu
>===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======
 
3 lbs per quart, 12 lbs per gallon


From roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com Sat Sep 17 22:49:38 EDT 1994
Article: 801 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Nntp-Posting-Host: 136.141.220.39
Date: Tue, 13 Sep 1994 12:26:15 -0400
From: roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: usa
Subject: Re: OUCH!!!
Message-ID: <roh033.mah48d-130994122159@136.141.220.39>
References: <94255.213846DEB141@psuvm.psu.edu>
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 24

In article <94255.213846DEB141@psuvm.psu.edu>, The Master of Darkness
<DEB141@psuvm.psu.edu> wrote:


> Looking back at my seat I see, as I had suspected (and
> hoped), a BEE laying there.  Once the 170lbs that was on top of him moved,
> he had the gall to get up and fly!  Needless to say, I was quite upset that
> the little bugger had survived me sitting on him, and even more upset that
> he was able to get away without me squashing him!  It looked to me to be a
> honey bee, please tell me that those little bastards die after stinging
> someone...allow me some small amount of satisfaction that tonight, he lies
> dead somewhere.

Yeah, well if you sat on _me_ and I had a stinger...  :-)  Yes, a honeybee
will leave stinger, poison sac, and other vital parts of his anatomy
imbedded in your skin, pumping venom into you long after the bee has
departed (both flown away and croaked).  Yellow jackets, on the other hand,
make a nice, clean sting, which they can repeat at will, and fly away to
sting another day.  The yellow jackets look quite bee-like, even though
they're actually a variety of hornet, and they give honeybees a bad name
amongst the uninitiated.

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From aherlihy@post.its.mcw.edu Sat Sep 17 22:49:39 EDT 1994
Article: 802 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: aherlihy@post.its.mcw.edu (Amy Herlihy)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: meeting
Date: 13 Sep 1994 08:40:24 -0500
Organization: Medical College of Wisconsin; Milwaukee Wisconsin
Lines: 4
Message-ID: <354a48$pv@post.its.mcw.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: post.its.mcw.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Help! Is there anyone out there in the Milwaukee area? I was notified of 
a Milwaukee area bee-keepers meeting & have since lost the postcard that 
told me the time and place. I noted down the date (today) but nothing else.
If you've got the info - I'd love to have it - please send me email.


From pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu Sat Sep 17 22:49:39 EDT 1994
Article: 803 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: OUCH!!!
Date: 13 Sep 1994 21:46:02 GMT
Organization: Northwestern University Medical School
Lines: 16
Distribution: usa
Message-ID: <3556iq$52b@news.acns.nwu.edu>
References: <94255.213846DEB141@psuvm.psu.edu> <roh033.mah48d-130994122159@136.141.220.39>
NNTP-Posting-Host: unseen3.acns.nwu.edu

In article <roh033.mah48d-130994122159@136.141.220.39>,
>Yeah, well if you sat on _me_ and I had a stinger...  :-)  Yes, a honeybee
>will leave stinger, poison sac, and other vital parts of his anatomy
                                                          ^^^
That should be "her" 8)

I don't know what's worse...the pain of a worker's sting or the smell of a
drone's stink.

Regards,
Paul
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu), Second Year Medical Student
Northwestern University Medical School | Ward Box 213, 303 E. Chicago Ave.
Medical Scientist Training Program     | Chicago, IL 60611
"Rubor, Tumor, Calor, Dolor" -Celsus (describing my rxn to beestings)


From Herd@macgwi.ge.com Sat Sep 17 22:49:40 EDT 1994
Article: 804 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Herd@macgwi.ge.com (Kenneth G. Herd)
Subject: Sweet/sour odors from hive
Message-ID: <Herd-130994132947@herd.crd.ge.com>
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Sender: usenet@crdnns.crd.ge.com (USENET News System)
Nntp-Posting-Host: herd.crd.ge.com
Organization: GE-CRD
Date: Tue, 13 Sep 1994 17:42:36 GMT
Lines: 13

I have noticed a strong sweet/sour odor emanating from two of my hives.  I
have inspected the brood in both hives and it looks clean and healthy, with
no evidence of AFB or EFB, and lots of young active bees.  Both queens are
less than 1 year old, and both hives were started from 5 frame nucs in May.
 I have taken off 30-40 lbs of honey off each hive, and the extracted honey
was light and delicious.  I have also noticed this sweet/sour odor, to a
lessor degree, in some of the hives at my other apiary, located 25 miles
away.  

Any ideas as to what's causing the odor?  Downwind it is easily detected
twenty feet from the hive.  Could it be a particular type of nectar that's
flowing in the Northeast now?  If so, why only a few hives out of 14 having
the odor?


From jnmeade@blue.weeg.uiowa.edu Sat Sep 17 22:49:41 EDT 1994
Article: 805 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jnmeade@blue.weeg.uiowa.edu (James Meade)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Magazine Needs Info
Date: 13 Sep 1994 21:26:43 -0500
Organization: University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Lines: 109
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <355n13$52l6@blue.weeg.uiowa.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: blue.weeg.uiowa.edu
Summary: magazine needs input for article
Keywords: successful farming magazine bees article

  























 















































































-- 

Jim - Farmer - Iowa City, IA, 




From jnmeade@blue.weeg.uiowa.edu Sat Sep 17 22:49:42 EDT 1994
Article: 806 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jnmeade@blue.weeg.uiowa.edu (James Meade)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Magazine Needs Info
Date: 13 Sep 1994 23:19:36 -0500
Organization: University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Lines: 24
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <355tko$2emj@blue.weeg.uiowa.edu>
References: <355n13$52l6@blue.weeg.uiowa.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: blue.weeg.uiowa.edu
Keywords: successful farming magazine bees article

John Walters, conservation editor, Successful Farming magazine, is
looking for information and real-life examples of how recent
government changes in beekeeping programs have affected the industry
and associated industries.

For example, what is the impact on crop pollination?

Sorry, I tried and failed to upload a text file of his main questions,
which were extensive.

Failing my file upload, perhpas we can start a thread which will let
John introduce his questions and get your responses.

Successful Farming is a general farm magazine of 500,000 circulation.

If you are willing to allow your name to be used in the article,
please so indicate.  If you prefer not, your anonomymity will be
respected.

-- 

Jim - Farmer - Iowa City, IA, 




From hmccabe@rch129.eld.ford.com Sat Sep 17 22:49:43 EDT 1994
Article: 807 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: hmccabe@rch129.eld.ford.com (H M McCabe (Harold))
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: OUCH!!!
Date: 14 Sep 1994 15:19:24 GMT
Organization: Ford Motor Company
Lines: 17
Distribution: usa
Message-ID: <35749s$ut@eccdb1.pms.ford.com>
References: <94255.213846DEB141@psuvm.psu.edu> <roh033.mah48d-130994122159@136.141.220.39> <3556iq$52b@news.acns.nwu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rch129.eld.ford.com

In article <3556iq$52b@news.acns.nwu.edu>, pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng) writes:

<stuff deleted>

> I don't know what's worse...the pain of a worker's sting or the smell of a
> drone's stink.

What?  You can smell drones? 
-- 
Harold McCabe
==========================================================================
Voice: 313-248-8797			Subsystem Requirements Engineering
FAX:   313-248-2286				Ford Automotive Components
hmccabe@rch129.eld.ford.com			Dearborn, MI
					USA

I do not speak for Ford.  Everything above this line is my opinion.


From nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk Sat Sep 17 22:49:43 EDT 1994
Article: 808 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Lazy!
Date: 14 Sep 1994 13:13:13 GMT
Organization: University Of St. Andrews
Lines: 8
Message-ID: <356st9$6ll@calvin.st-and.ac.uk>
References: <Cw18HM.CpB@murdoch.acc.virginia.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: honey.st-andrews.ac.uk

In article <Cw18HM.CpB@murdoch.acc.virginia.edu>,
Adam Finkelstein <adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU> wrote:
...

I don't know, but I'd like to know how many litres is 3lb (imp) of
honey.  And I can't move either.

-Norman


From hmccabe@rch129.eld.ford.com Sat Sep 17 22:49:44 EDT 1994
Article: 809 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!darwin.sura.net!jhunix1.hcf.jhu.edu!jobone!fiesta.srl.ford.com!eccdb1.pms.ford.com!rch129.eld.ford.com!hmccabe
From: hmccabe@rch129.eld.ford.com (H M McCabe (Harold))
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Queens
Date: 14 Sep 1994 19:26:31 GMT
Organization: Ford Motor Company
Lines: 15
Distribution: usa
Message-ID: <357ip7$5mt@eccdb1.pms.ford.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rch129.eld.ford.com
Keywords: queens, mating

After ordering queens this spring and discovering the hives turned out to be more ill
tempered than I expected -- I began to wonder how those who raise queens can
guarantee that they haven't mated with drones with undesirable characteristics. I
understand that artificial insemination can be/is used, but how can one guarantee that
a queen has not taken an unauthorized flight and mated with an undesirable drone?

-- 
Harold McCabe
==========================================================================
Voice: 313-248-8797			Subsystem Requirements Engineering
FAX:   313-248-2286				Ford Automotive Components
hmccabe@rch129.eld.ford.com			Dearborn, MI
					USA

I do not speak for Ford.  Everything above this line is my opinion.


From altabios@bham.ac.uk Sat Sep 17 22:49:45 EDT 1994
Article: 810 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bees1.Gif text
Date: 14 Sep 1994 16:25:59 GMT
Organization: The University of Birmingham, UK
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <35786n$i84@sun4.bham.ac.uk>
References: <sidCvzDy1.8AI@netcom.com>
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X-Newsreader: WinVN version 0.80

In article <sidCvzDy1.8AI@netcom.com>, sid@netcom.com (Kerwin S. Van Gelder) says:
>
>The way to edit the GIF file (if your software needs to) is delete
>everything before the BEGIN line and everything after the END line. There
>is software out there (specifically uuencode/uudecode 5.25) that does
>everything for you. It is available via FTP or I could post it here if you
>already have software that will decode it.
>
>I do not know of any FTP sites that carry BEE type pictures that's why I
>posted here.
>-- 
>                                             sid@netcom.com



Is uudecode available for the PC. I have a gif translator programme but as yet
I can't decode it. Any suggestions would be appreciated.


From pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu Sat Sep 17 22:49:46 EDT 1994
Article: 811 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!emory!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!news.acns.nwu.edu!merle.acns.nwu.edu!pccheng
From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: OUCH!!!
Date: 14 Sep 1994 20:51:09 GMT
Organization: Northwestern University Medical School
Lines: 16
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References: <94255.213846DEB141@psuvm.psu.edu> <roh033.mah48d-130994122159@136.141.220.39> <3556iq$52b@news.acns.nwu.edu> <35749s$ut@eccdb1.pms.ford.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: unseen3.acns.nwu.edu

In article <35749s$ut@eccdb1.pms.ford.com>,
H M McCabe (Harold) <hmccabe@rch129.eld.ford.com> wrote:
>> I don't know what's worse...the pain of a worker's sting or the smell of a
>> drone's stink.
>
>What?  You can smell drones? 

It's all in the feces, man.  It's all in the feces.

Regards,
Paul
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu), Second-Year Medical Student
Northwestern University Medical School | Ward Box 213, 303 E. Chicago Ave.
Medical Scientist Training Program     | Chicago, IL 60611
"Rubor, Tumor, Calor, Dolor" -Celsus (describing my rxn to beestings)


From rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov Sat Sep 17 22:49:47 EDT 1994
Article: 812 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bees1.Gif text
Date: 14 Sep 1994 21:47:41 GMT
Organization: Jet Propulsion Laboratory - Pasadena CA
Lines: 18
Message-ID: <357r1t$k5s@netline-fddi.jpl.nasa.gov>
References: <sidCvzDy1.8AI@netcom.com> <35786n$i84@sun4.bham.ac.uk>
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John E. Fox (altabios@bham.ac.uk) wrote:

: Is uudecode available for the PC. I have a gif translator programme but as yet
: I can't decode it. Any suggestions would be appreciated.

Yes John, there are a number of pc based uudecoders/encoders. They are
available from a number of sources ... I am familiar with two that are
found on Compuserve (and America On Line, but you are in the UK). I am
sure that they or others are available via FTP. If you could tell me what
you can access, I could locate a good one for you.

One of the best (and free) is wncode.zip ... it is available from many
sources.

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov



From 73172.100@CompuServe.COM Sat Sep 17 22:49:48 EDT 1994
Article: 813 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!darwin.sura.net!math.ohio-state.edu!cs.utexas.edu!uunet!george.inhouse.compuserve.com!news.inhouse.compuserve.com!compuserve.com!news
From: Dean Philpot <73172.100@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Killer Bee Help
Date: 15 Sep 1994 02:10:03 GMT
Organization: MARFALITE INDUSTRIES
Lines: 12
Message-ID: <358adr$imv$2@mhade.inhouse.compuserve.com>

Bees communicate and sting with formic acid. Natural Zeolite has 
a chemical attraction to formic acid. Use zeolite need the hive 
and they loose the sting . Killer Bees swarm to Formic Acid. Keep 
zeolite near or in your hive and no problems with swarming. For 
more general info on Zeolites send me e-mail.

I have tested with fire ants , use zeolites on the bed and no 
sting.

-- 
DON'T LET ANYBODY STEAL YOUR DREAMS
FAX 713/360-5497


From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Sat Sep 17 22:49:48 EDT 1994
Article: 814 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Real Killer Bees
Message-ID: <Cw6n5x.My6@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Sender: news@nntpa.cb.att.com (Netnews Administration)
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BUZZ-ERK!
BEES INVADE PENTAGON COMPUTER-& ALMOST START WORLD WAR III

By Charles George/ Correspondent
  The United States has been pushed to the brink of nuclear war
three times in the past month- thanks to beehives inside high-
security Pentagon computers!
  The bees have caused malfunctions in the computers that have sent
U.S. troops scurrying all over the globe, ordered missiles transported
back and forth across Europe and nearly caused WWIII.
  "When we had the first major malfunction, engineers went inside the
banks of computers and tried to clear out the hives," one Pentagon
insider said.
  "But apparently there were more bees inside and quite frankly we're
still not sure we've gotten them all."
  "We're afraid the bees entered through an air-conditioning vent and
have been breeding inside the computer for several months. And it's
possible more bees could be entering every day."
  The gigantic master computers at the Pentagon control the movements
of American troops and military arms all over the world.
  During the most serious malfunction last week nuclear weapons came
within a nerve frying 57 seconds of being launched. "The computers are
designed to guard against human error and indecision in time of 
emergency."
  "They are preset to respond to very specific conditions around the
world," revealed the insider, who asked to remain anonymous.
  "There are built in safe-guards against malfunctions but with 
computers there's always the possibility something can go wrong."
  "And with an outside influence like these bees on the computer
hardware, anything can happen."
  Alert Pentagon officials were able to abort the nuclear-weapon
launches each time the computers ordered them but in other cases some
false orders were carried out.
  The most bizarre incident came when thosands of troops stationed in
Europe went on red alert and prepared to storm into Hungary to avert
an Iraqi invasion.
  "Of course, there was no such invasion but the computer reacted as
if there were," the secret source said.
  "The computer made the orders and the first steps for defensive
invasion were carried out."
  In other instances a ship was ordered to sail 1,500 miles from its
correct position in the Pacific Ocean and hundreds of troops at one
East Coast base were wrongly promoted to the rank of sergeant.
  "We have come to depend on these computers but they are far from
being foolproof," he said. "Their mistakes have come very close to
getting us in serious trouble."
>From the Weekly World News


From rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov Sat Sep 17 22:49:49 EDT 1994
Article: 815 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rspear@sookit (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Real Killer Bees
Date: 15 Sep 1994 20:28:59 GMT
Organization: Jet Propulsion Laboratory - Pasadena CA
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> "We're afraid the bees entered through an air-conditioning vent and
> have been breeding inside the computer for several months ... "
            ^^^^^^^^
Not exactly the way that I think bees reproduce ... bad choice of words or
ignorance on the part of the reporter, eh?

regards, richard

rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov



From hlf@holmes.acc.Virginia.EDU Sat Sep 17 22:49:50 EDT 1994
Article: 816 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: hlf@holmes.acc.Virginia.EDU (H L. Falls)
Subject: Re: Real Killer Bees
Message-ID: <Cw840u.HIK@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
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In article <35aaqb$asg@netline-fddi.jpl.nasa.gov>,
Richard Spear <rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov> wrote:
>> "We're afraid the bees entered through an air-conditioning vent and
>> have been breeding inside the computer for several months ... "
>            ^^^^^^^^
>Not exactly the way that I think bees reproduce ... bad choice of words or
>ignorance on the part of the reporter, eh?
>
>regards, richard
>
>rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov
>
   Not to mention that while some of the early vaccuum tube computers 
did have to be literally "de-bugged" from time to time, modern chips
would probably short out completely and crash the system rather than
cause the errors described (caveat -- I'm not a hardware expert, I
could be wrong on this).  Of course with a Weekly World News byline,
any resemblance to actual events is not only coincidental, it's 
contrary to the paper's reporting policy!  :-)

--Landon Falls / hlf@virginia.edu -- Speaking for, and only for, myself.


From jcooper@infinet.com Sat Sep 17 22:49:51 EDT 1994
Article: 817 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!swiss.ans.net!malgudi.oar.net!infinet!jcooper
From: jcooper@infinet.com (Joseph Cooper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: OUCH!!!
Date: 17 Sep 1994 04:14:10 GMT
Organization: InfiNet - Internet Access (614/224-3410)
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Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu) wrote:

: I don't know what's worse...the pain of a worker's sting or the smell of a
: drone's stink.


Paul,

Please take this as a legitimate request for information and not as one of 
the four-alarm flames that so often seem to be aimed in your direction.

I've kept bees for about twenty years.  For a couple of those years-- 
in a massive demonstration of stupidity--I dealt with 40 hives.

Having never made any specific effort to smell drones, I had no idea what 
they smell like.  Could you further my education on this point?


If you've ever been stung on or near your nose, you know that the 
workers' alarm scent smells like banana oil.  The locating scent, 
detectable when a swarm is moving into a new hive, smells like rose 
geraniums.  

I do not know if the human nose is senses the queen's "substance."
Do you?

Joe
*************************     
*     Joseph Cooper     *      
*  jcooper@infinet.com  *
*************************


From jfulker@uswnvg.com Sat Sep 17 22:49:51 EDT 1994
Article: 818 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jfulker@uswnvg.com (John Fulkerson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Real Killer Bees
Message-ID: <34177@uswnvg.uswnvg.com>
Date: 16 Sep 94 23:18:45 GMT
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X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]

Richard Spear (rspear@sookit) wrote:
: > "We're afraid the bees entered through an air-conditioning vent and
: > have been breeding inside the computer for several months ... "
:             ^^^^^^^^
: Not exactly the way that I think bees reproduce ... bad choice of words or
: ignorance on the part of the reporter, eh?

: regards, richard
When you look at the source, _Weekly World News_, you know there may be        
entertainment value, but not much substance. Of course, you could describe
"BS" as a substance, I guess.

Not a spokesperson nor opinion-spouter for my employer.

: rspear@sookit.jpl.nasa.gov


From pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu Sat Sep 17 22:49:52 EDT 1994
Article: 819 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Paul C. Cheng)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: OUCH!!!
Date: 18 Sep 1994 01:20:41 GMT
Organization: Northwestern University Medical School
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Message-ID: <35g4l9$k8a@news.acns.nwu.edu>
References: <94255.213846DEB141@psuvm.psu.edu> <roh033.mah48d-130994122159@136.141.220.39> <3556iq$52b@news.acns.nwu.edu> <35dqei$l1k@rigel.infinet.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: unseen3.acns.nwu.edu

In article <35dqei$l1k@rigel.infinet.com>,
Joseph Cooper <jcooper@infinet.com> wrote:
>: I don't know what's worse...the pain of a worker's sting or the smell of a
>: drone's stink.
>
>Please take this as a legitimate request for information and not as one of 
>the four-alarm flames that so often seem to be aimed in your direction.

I don't know when I have received such notoriety.  My postings to this
group have generally been in areas in which I am knowledgeable, and I have
tried to make the information as accurate as possible.

>Having never made any specific effort to smell drones, I had no idea what 
>they smell like.  Could you further my education on this point?

I apologize to you and the rest of the readers for making such an ambiguous
statement.  I am sure all people who have manipulated drones have smelled
their feces.  Personally, I've had the pleasure of smelling drone feces
when collecting semen for my graduate research.  For those of you who have
not, I urge you to rush to your nearest beekeeper/beehive for a sample.

As for the other questions, I am sure there are others who are much more
qualified than I am to answer questions on pheromones.

Regards,
Paul
-- 
Paul C. Cheng (pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu), Second-Year Medical Student
Northwestern University Medical School | Ward Box 213, 303 E. Chicago Ave.
Medical Scientist Training Program     | Chicago, IL 60611
"Rubor, Tumor, Calor, Dolor" -Celsus (describing my rxn to beestings)


From tyr@io.com Sat Sep 24 00:15:06 EDT 1994
Article: 820 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!uunet!illuminati.io.com!tyr
From: tyr@io.com (tyr)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Alkaline Hornets
Date: 19 Sep 1994 03:24:21 GMT
Organization: Illuminati Online
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References: <drews1-1209941511540001@192.198.66.32>
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X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Drew Scherz (drews1@aol.com) wrote:
: I had a beekeeper eradicate a bunch of what I thought were bees from the
: wall of my house today.  He said they were alkaline hornets.  I didn't get
: to talk to him very long (over the phone) and I was wondering just what in
: the heck alkaline hornets were.  Any info would be appreciated.

: --Drew Scherz,
:   Austin, Texas

There is a ground dwelling (usually) bee called an alkalai bee that lives
in the western states, they have been used as commercial pollinators in
agriculture there.

Sometimes the distinction blurs between bees and hornets in localities.

We've got a local fly here on the west coast that requires a second look
to make sure it's not a honeybee, makes an interesting mimic, it lacks
the pollen hairs on the legs and the stinger but the rest is the same.

regards
Dave



From altabios@bham.ac.uk Sat Sep 24 00:15:07 EDT 1994
Article: 821 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!lyra.csx.cam.ac.uk!warwick!bham!usenet
From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: double colony -- advice wanted
Date: 19 Sep 1994 12:36:10 GMT
Organization: The University of Birmingham, UK
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X-Newsreader: WinVN version 0.80


Some time ago someone described a system of beekeeping where
there are two queens per hive. Is there any chance of re-posting the info.

Thanks in advance

John Fox


From nunnun@cix.compulink.co.uk Sat Sep 24 00:15:07 EDT 1994
Article: 822 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uknet!cix.compulink.co.uk!nunnun
From: nunnun@cix.compulink.co.uk ("Norman Lunnun")
Subject: Re Double Brood
Message-ID: <CwED1K.Jop@cix.compulink.co.uk>
Organization: Compulink Information eXchange
Date: Mon, 19 Sep 1994 21:58:32 GMT
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John, I was taling to friend this summer about 2 queens to a hive.
1 brood box on the bottom and 1 on top with supers in between and  queen 
excluders the top one being under the brood chamber.
I understand that this creates a quite a hive wether it is practical I 
will no next season after I give it a try.
Norman. Uttoxeter


From roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com Sat Sep 24 00:15:08 EDT 1994
Article: 823 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!darwin.sura.net!howland.reston.ans.net!newsserver.jvnc.net!rohvm1!roh033.mah48d
Nntp-Posting-Host: 136.141.220.39
Date: Mon, 19 Sep 1994 12:56:07 -0400
From: roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: world
Subject: Re: Killer Bee Help
Message-ID: <roh033.mah48d-190994125056@136.141.220.39>
References: <358adr$imv$2@mhade.inhouse.compuserve.com>
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 24

In article <358adr$imv$2@mhade.inhouse.compuserve.com>, Dean Philpot
<73172.100@CompuServe.COM> wrote:

> Bees communicate and sting with formic acid. Natural Zeolite has
> a chemical attraction to formic acid. Use zeolite need the hive
> and they loose the sting . Killer Bees swarm to Formic Acid. Keep
> zeolite near or in your hive and no problems with swarming. For
> more general info on Zeolites send me e-mail.
>
> I have tested with fire ants , use zeolites on the bed and no
> sting.

Hmmm.  Zeolites are adsorbents (and ion exchangers, but that's not quite
relevant here).  So to act, they'd have to contact all the places the
formic acid could be in/on/around the hive.  That is, the zeolites would
not suck many vapors of formic acid out of the air--their affinity for
formic acid isn't _that_ great.  Apparently you'd have to dust the area
extensively with ground zeolite material to get this effect.

'Course, anything that works on those damned fire ants has got to have some
merit!  I sure miss Myrex.  :-)

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From kmdrach@delphi.com Sat Sep 24 00:15:09 EDT 1994
Article: 824 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!MathWorks.Com!news2.near.net!news.delphi.com!usenet
From: jedediah <kmdrach@delphi.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: extracting -- advice needed
Date: Wed, 21 Sep 94 10:05:45 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
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Message-ID: <Bi63Y8B.kmdrach@delphi.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1d.delphi.com

I am a new hobbyist beekeeper with one hive.  I started fairly late in the
season, but the little ladies have nevertheless produced one super _full_ of
dark wildflower honey.  Here's my problem:  I am not equipped for processing
the honey, though I need to harvest it right away in order to get fall
preventive medications into the hive.  (I live in Maine; it's getting a lot
cooler.)  I have a friend with an extractor that I should be able to use.  Can
anyone give me _SIMPLE_ instructions regarding how to proceed with the
extraction and bottling process?  Remember, I have no experience with this, but
I am a quick learner.  What are the basic steps th
                                                  at I cannot skip over?  Next
year I'll be better prepared.  Thanks for any help anyone can give me...
 
Kerry Drach <KMDRACH@delphi.com>
Portland, Maine


From moore901@crow.csrv.uidaho.edu Sat Sep 24 00:15:09 EDT 1994
Article: 825 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: moore901@crow.csrv.uidaho.edu (Moore Chad)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Re Double Brood
Date: 21 Sep 1994 20:03:20 GMT
Organization: University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho
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Distribution: world
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X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Norman Lunnun (nunnun@cix.compulink.co.uk) wrote:
> John, I was taling to friend this summer about 2 queens to a hive.
> 1 brood box on the bottom and 1 on top with supers in between and  queen 
> excluders the top one being under the brood chamber.
> I understand that this creates a quite a hive wether it is practical I 
> will no next season after I give it a try.
> Norman. Uttoxeter

Norman, I have used this method, although a little differently by putting 
on the bottom a box of brood, then a box of honey, then another box of 
brood, with empty supers above that.  While this is possible, and does 
create a powerhouse of a hive, it is impractical in the fact that there 
is only so much room.  It makes more sense to just make another hive and 
have to healthy normal hives than to make one single hive with two 
queens.  However, maybe you disagree, let me know.



From voting@qualcomm.com Sat Sep 24 00:15:10 EDT 1994
Article: 826 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rdippold@qualcomm.com (Ron "Asbestos" Dippold)
Newsgroups: news.announce.newgroups,news.groups,bionet.biology.tropical,bionet.general,rec.backcountry,rec.birds,rec.gardens,rec.photo,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping,sci.bio,sci.bio.ecology,sci.bio.ethology,sci.bio.evolution
Subject: CFV: sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera
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                          FIRST CALL FOR VOTES (of 2)
               unmoderated group sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera

Newsgroups line:
sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera	Lepidoptera (Butterflies & Moths).


Votes must be received by 23:59:59 UTC, 14 October 1994.

After this CFV appears on news.announce.newgroups it will be sent to
the mailing list <Leps@kaiwan.com>, <entomo-l@ubvm.bitnet> &
<entomo-l@vm.UOGUELPH.ca>

This vote is being conducted by a neutral third party.  For voting
questions only contact rdippold@qualcomm.com.  For questions about the
proposed group contact Christopher Majka <nextug@ac.dal.ca>


CHARTER

Preamble
-------- 

Sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera is an unmoderated newsgroup to provide
a forum for the discussion of all aspects of lepidoptera (butterflies
and moths) and topics pertaining to them both on an amateur and
professional level.

It is *not* intended as a forum for commercial transactions with
respect to lepidoptera.

Sphere of Interest
------------------

Sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera is dedicated to the observation, study,
history, art, photography, conservation, rearing, and responsible
collecting of butterflies and moths. It also welcomes discussions and
inquires which pertain to the ecology, behavior, systematics,
taxonomy, evolution and other spheres of the biology of
lepidoptera. Examples of the above might include:

* Observation: If you observe butterflies and moths, this group is a
place where you can share information on interesting sightings, and
find out about sites to visit and museum exhibits.

* Study: Whether you're a high school science student making a
presentation for your science class, an entomology graduate student
specializing in Lepidoptera, or a farmer or gardener concerned about
caterpillars eating your crops, sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera.can be
used as a resource for learning.

* History: The history of the study of lepidoptera includes many
interesting personalities, debates, books, theories, etc. If you are
interested in this sphere of the history of science, this forum can be
a place where you can share your knowledge and make inquires on topics
of interest.

* Art: Many cultures have an appreciation of the beauty of butterflies
and moths. If you have an interest in butterfly images in art, music,
or literature this is a place where you can discuss your interests.

* Photography: The photography of butterflies and moths is an area
which is growing more popular. If you have ideas or inquiries about
cameras, lenses, films and other photographic techniques as they
pertain to lepidoptera, sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera can be a forum
to discuss these.

* Conservation: Many species of butterflies and moths have become
threatened by habitat destruction. Conservation can include everything
>from  legislative efforts to the simple expedient of growing
caterpillar food plants in your garden. Discussions of conservation
policy are welcome.

* Rearing: Butterfly-gardening and caterpillar-rearing are are
becoming ever more popular. Sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera is a place
to learn rearing techniques from others involved in the practice.

* Responsible collecting: When made for educational or research
purposes, insect collections can have an important role. Collecting
sites and techniques can be discussed on this newsgroup. We encourage
participating collectors to obey wildlife regulations, to be aware of
which species in their areas are threatened or endangered, and to
avoid collecting on private property or in restricted areas without
prior permission.  Efforts to encourage trespassing or to subvert
conservation laws are emphatically NOT welcome on this newsgroup. All
participants are expected to respect the environment and the law.

Sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera is not intended as a forum for the
buying and selling of insect specimens nor as a venue for commercial
collectors to advertise their wares. Collectors who wish to do so
should communicate through private EMail.

* The Biology of Lepidoptera: while not intended as a substitute for
professional entomological journals, sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera
does encourage scientific discussions which deal with aspects of the
ecology, behavior, systematics, taxonomy, genetics, evolution and
other areas of lepidopteran biology. We hope that
sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera can be a place where amateur and
professional lepidopterists can rub electronic shoulders to their
mutual benefit.

* In order to facilitate access to this newsgroup to as broad an
Internet constituency as possible, arrangements are underway to
provide a gated mailing list for the group so that interested parties
who do not have Usenet access can also participate. It is our hope
that such a facility will also include archiving and indexing
capabilities.

* If participants are so inclined sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera may
develop FAQ's which address topics in different spheres of the study
of lepidoptera. Examples might include:

* Design of butterfly gardens and plants which attract lepidoptera.
* Techniques of collecting preparing, preserving and photographing lepidoptera.
* Suppliers of equipment related to the study of butterflies and moths.
* Lists of books and journals related to lepidoptera.
* Electronic resources (WWW & Gopher servers, FTP archives, Listservers, etc.) 
  related to the study of lepidoptera.
* Environmental and other regulations pertaining to the collecting of 
  lepidoptera.
* Information on the rearing of lepidoptera.

RATIONALE
---------

At present, there are no other newsgroups where discussion pertaining
to this topic can properly occur. The pre-existing entomology
Listervers, <entomo-l@vm.UOGUELPH.ca> & <entomo-l@ubvm.bitnet> are
general in their entomological interest and do not focus specifically
on lepidoptera. This Usenet group would be a natural outgrowth of the
recently established Lepidoptera Listserver <Leps.@kaiwan.com>.

Over the past few months there has been a considerable degree of
interest expressed by professional and amateur lepidopterists in
creating a forum for the discussion of all topics which pertain to the
study of lepidoptera (butterflies and moths). The consensus seems to
be that a Usenet Group would be the preferred vehicle of expressing
this interest. We, the proponents, issued a formal RFD in July and
have received an overwhelmingly positive response to it. Therefore we
are continuing the process and are calling a formal Call For Votes
(CFV) with respect to the creation of sci.bio.entomology.
lepidoptera.


HOW TO VOTE

Send MAIL to:   voting@qualcomm.com
Just Replying should work if you are not reading this on a mailing list.

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One vote counted per person, no more than one per account. Addresses and
votes of all voters will be published in the final voting results list.


From nunnun@cix.compulink.co.uk Sat Sep 24 00:15:11 EDT 1994
Article: 827 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!lyra.csx.cam.ac.uk!warwick!uknet!cix.compulink.co.uk!nunnun
From: nunnun@cix.compulink.co.uk ("Norman Lunnun")
Subject: Hive Size
Message-ID: <CwI4Dx.4s7@cix.compulink.co.uk>
Organization: Compulink Information eXchange
Date: Wed, 21 Sep 1994 22:41:57 GMT
X-News-Software: Ameol
Lines: 5

Does everyone use National Type Hives  ie 11 frames and has anyone had 
anything to do with larger hives? I have heard of commercial ventures 
that use hives that have to be moved with Hiab type lorry mounted cranes.
Norman Lunnun
Doveridge,Derbyshire.UK.


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Sat Sep 24 00:15:11 EDT 1994
Article: 828 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!MathWorks.Com!news2.near.net!usenet.elf.com!rpi!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: double colony -- advice wanted
Date: Thu, 22 Sep 94 08:37:20 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 115
Message-ID: <170397944S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <35k0jq$jbe@sun4.bham.ac.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <35k0jq$jbe@sun4.bham.ac.uk>
altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox) writes:
 
>Some time ago someone described a system of beekeeping where
>there are two queens per hive. Is there any chance of re-posting the info.
>
>Thanks in advance
>
>John Fox
I'm the guy, here's the info with much deleted from the discussion
that took place back in June '94:
>>...
>>Now while all this was going on, I captured a mid sized swarm of bees
>>that I put into a shallow super brood chamber with two medium
>>(Illinois) supers on top.  Both this captured swarm and the shook
>>swarm are progressing, but not as quickly as the honeyflow.  I am
>>considering uniting the captured swarm with the shook swarm and
>>operating it as a two queen hive.  I would do this by placing a queen
>>excluder and a sheet of newspaper between both shallow brood chambers
>>and place the round section supers above both.
>>
>>Anyone care to comment on what I'm considering?  Does this sound like an
>>idea with merit or does this sound like total folly?  Anyone have any
>>experience running a two queen colony?  If I go for this, I'll do it
>>this Saturday, so send those comments quickly!
 
To which Rick Hough, a beekeeper from Hamilton, MA, USA (NE of Boston)
(rshough@tasc.com) replied:
 
>Haven't done a 2-Q colony myself, but a keeper in my club does it all
>the time, and has instructed the group on his method. I'll summarize
>for you. He layers his equipment as follows:
>---inner/outer covers-----
>Honey supers (lots - they fill them fast with this arrangement!!)
>----optional Q-excluder - to keep brood out of supers-----
>Deep hive body with Q #1, brood, etc.
>-----Required Q-excluder------
>Deep hive body - no Queen!! Just honey storage, and space for bees
>-----Required Q-excluder------
>Deep hive body with Q #2, brood, etc.
>------bottom board, etc. --------
>
>Things to think about: 2 Q-excluders needed, with some separation,
>as the queens can fight through a single excluder - same reason
>that "double screens" are used instead of single.
>
>Also, providing an upper entrance for the bees is beneficial -
>lots less work for the bees to get the nectar to the supers
>that way.
>
>Combining with newspaper is appropriate - you want to
>give the scents of the two hives a chance to combine
>before they have full access to one another.
>
>This combination is often done starting with two full-strength
>colonies, and crowding them into the resulting three deeps
>plus supers. Result is LOTS of bees, and excellent honey
>storage into the supers. Need to keep on top of the supers
>(so to speak) as they get filled very rapidly - you may need
>to pull some off, and add more as the season progresses.
>
>I'm not sure how he over-winters his colonies.
>
>The story he tells about why he keeps his bees this way
>is that his wife said he could have a maximum of seven hives.
>What she didn't say was how tall they could be!!! So, now
>he has seven (tall) stacks of boxes, 14 Queens, lots of honey, and
>a happy wife! Sounds good to me!
>....
 
More discussion took place:
 
>...
>   The source I used for the two queen management was "The Hive and
>the Honeybee" (Dadant Publications, 1993 edition, don't know the
>pages).  The procedures call for splitting a strong hive, gradually
>introducing the second queen and ease the splits back together...
>
>         The reference states that this may or may not be productive
>depending on location.  The reference states that the procedure is
>well suited to areas with short, intense honey flows (such as those
>experienced in the Northeast US - where I'm located), but is not worth
>the bother for beekeepers in the southern US.  I don't recognize your
>location from your address, but the heather reference brings England
>or Scottland to mind.  Also, the procedures call for removing
>the queen excluders in the fall to let the queens 'decide' who the
>surviving monarch will be for the winter months.
>
>The two queen method is intriguing, may yield impressive harvests,
>but is not well suited for all areas.  For the best information,
>go right to the source ("The Hive and the Honeybee").
 
And yet more discussion:
 
>   The benefit of operating a hive with two queens is that you have
>two queens producing workers within the same hive, and a very
>populous hive will produce more honey.  Experiments have shown that
>doubling the number of bees in a hive can more than double the honey
>production.  A 'normal' hive may fill one or two supers, whereas a
>two queen hive could fill four to six supers.
>
>   The down side is that running a two queen set up requires a lot
>more work: hive manipulations, setting up the hive in the first place,
>having enough honey supers ready, and adding supers to the colony
>requires a lot more unstacking and restacking.
>
For the full discussion, retrieve the BEE-L LOG9406 and BEE-L LOG9407
by sending mail to LISTSERV@uacsc2.albany.edu with two lines in the
body of the mail that read:
               GET BEE-L LOG9406
               GET BEE-L LOG9407
Better yet, go to a library and read up on two queen management
techniques in "The Hive and the Honeybee".
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From nupamvr@peele.bas.ncsu.edu Sat Sep 24 00:15:12 EDT 1994
Article: 829 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!rulisonm.bas.ncsu.edu!nupamvr
From: nupamvr@peele.bas.ncsu.edu (Michael v.E. Rulison)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting -- advice needed
Date: Fri, 23 Sep 1994 11:08:17
Organization: Univ. Planning & Analysis, N.C. State University
Lines: 54
Message-ID: <nupamvr.32.000B2356@peele.bas.ncsu.edu>
References: <Bi63Y8B.kmdrach@delphi.com>
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Keywords: honey, extracting
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

In article <Bi63Y8B.kmdrach@delphi.com> jedediah <kmdrach@delphi.com> writes:
>From: jedediah <kmdrach@delphi.com>
>Subject: extracting -- advice needed
>Date: Wed, 21 Sep 94 10:05:45 -0500

>  Can
>anyone give me _SIMPLE_ instructions regarding how to proceed with the
>extraction and bottling process?  Remember, I have no experience with this, but
>I am a quick learner.  What are the basic steps th
>                                                  at I cannot skip over?  Next
>year I'll be better prepared.  Thanks for any help anyone can give me...
> 
>Kerry Drach <KMDRACH@delphi.com>
>Portland, Maine

IMHO: 
1. get extractor, capping knife, receiving bucket clean and in place. (I cover 
floor with newpaper as an aid to minimizing cleanup.)

2. remove super from hive.
3. have second empty super available, use bee brush to remove as many bees as 
possible from each frame and put de-bee'd frames in empty super, covering with 
cloth while working on next frame. Do this close to hive so that brushed bees 
can get back to hive.

4. move super to extracting venue. Left over bees will mostly fly to windows 
(light) and have not been much of a problem for me. uncap both size of one 
frame, place in extractor, repeat until extractor full (2, 3, 4 frames 
depending on model). Balance frames as much as possible: light opposite light, 
heavy opposite heavy).

5. spin extractor, slower at start, faster after 2-4 minutes as frame become 
lighter. Also slower speeds on first side, faster when frames are reversed to 
do second side.

6. repeat until all frames extracted, or honey needs to be removed from 
extractor to allow continuation.

7. remove honey from extractor: Nylon mesh is one method of getting pretty 
clean honey on one pass. I use new panty hose held on bucket with clothespins 
and with legs brought snugly to the outside and clipped so that they cannot be 
pulled back in by weight of honey.

8. cover honey buckey reasonably tightly ASAP to minimize water pickup by 
honey. weigh bucket before and after filling to get net product.

9. decant honey into final containers.

10. clean all equipment with warm water. use soap only if necessary and then 
rinse thoroughly. I do not submerse capping knife, but tend to wipe clean 
while warm with paper or clean rag.

---- All this from an amateur. Other will have difference opinions and 
knowledge.


From roe@crosfield.co.uk Sat Sep 24 11:27:55 EDT 1994
Article: 830 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!crosfield.co.uk!roe
From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: Hive Size
Message-ID: <1994Sep23.124208.5700@crosfield.co.uk>
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
References: <CwI4Dx.4s7@cix.compulink.co.uk>
Date: Fri, 23 Sep 1994 12:42:08 GMT
Lines: 31

In article <CwI4Dx.4s7@cix.compulink.co.uk> nunnun@cix.compulink.co.uk ("Norman Lunnun") writes:
>Does everyone use National Type Hives  ie 11 frames and has anyone had 
>anything to do with larger hives?

The National hive is more or less unheard of outside the UK.  (I think
it's used in Ireland as well.)  Worldwide, the most common is the
Langstroth.  There are other designs such as the Dadent as well.  I
don't think any other country has such a lack of standardisation as the
UK where, as well as the three designs above, Commercial, Smith and WBC
designs are in use!  I don't have time to go into the advantages and
disadvantages of each of the designs in this reply.  It's not clear
why you are interested in larger hives but if you are using Nationals
now and want a larger brood space without going to double brood boxes
you might like to consider the Commercial hive.  It has more or less
the same dimensions and, like the National, it uses bottom bee space.
This means that you can keep your old roofs, floors, queen excludes and
supers.

> I have heard of commercial ventures 
>that use hives that have to be moved with Hiab type lorry mounted cranes.

Even a National with three full supers is too heavy for me to lift and
I usually end up with five or six supers on each hive at the end of the
season.  Migratory beekeepers often put four hives on a pallet.  That's
why they need some form of mechanical handling.

-- 
Malcolm Roe                                Phone  :  +44 1442 345104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd                  Fax    :  +44 1442 232301
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK        E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Sat Sep 24 11:27:56 EDT 1994
Article: 831 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Observation Hive (fwd)
Message-ID: <CwL4AG.LuA@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Followup-To: bkaugust@facstaff.wisc.edu 
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Fri, 23 Sep 1994 13:32:40 GMT
Lines: 14

From: Ben August <bkaugust@FACSTAFF.WISC.EDU>
Subject:      observation hive

I just got an "Observation Hive" that holds two 8" frames, and I had a few
questions regarding its use.  Does one simply "borrow" a couple of frames
>from  an existing hive and place them in the observation hive for a short
time?  Should the queen be included on these frames, and if so, how long can
I leave the hive that the frames were borrowed from go without the queen?
 
bkaugust@facstaff.wisc.edu
-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From prism@nbnet.nb.ca Sat Oct  1 13:01:12 EDT 1994
Article: 832 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!spool.mu.edu!torn!news.unb.ca!nbt.nbnet.nb.ca!dynam26.nbnet.nb.ca!user
From: prism@nbnet.nb.ca (Highlander)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting -- advice needed
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 25 Sep 1994 16:59:59 GMT
Organization: NB*Net
Lines: 67
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <prism-250994135339@dynam26.nbnet.nb.ca>
References: <Bi63Y8B.kmdrach@delphi.com> <nupamvr.32.000B2356@peele.bas.ncsu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: dynam26.nbnet.nb.ca

In article <nupamvr.32.000B2356@peele.bas.ncsu.edu>,
nupamvr@peele.bas.ncsu.edu (Michael v.E. Rulison) wrote:
> 
> In article <Bi63Y8B.kmdrach@delphi.com> jedediah <kmdrach@delphi.com> writes:
> >From: jedediah <kmdrach@delphi.com>
> >Subject: extracting -- advice needed
> >Date: Wed, 21 Sep 94 10:05:45 -0500
> 
> >  Can
> >anyone give me _SIMPLE_ instructions regarding how to proceed with the
> >extraction and bottling process?  Remember, I have no experience with this, but
> >I am a quick learner.  What are the basic steps th
> >                                                  at I cannot skip over?  Next
> >year I'll be better prepared.  Thanks for any help anyone can give me...
> > 
> >Kerry Drach <KMDRACH@delphi.com>
> >Portland, Maine
> 
> IMHO: 
> 1. get extractor, capping knife, receiving bucket clean and in place. (I cover 
> floor with newpaper as an aid to minimizing cleanup.)
> 
> 2. remove super from hive.
> 3. have second empty super available, use bee brush to remove as many bees as 
> possible from each frame and put de-bee'd frames in empty super, covering with 
> cloth while working on next frame. Do this close to hive so that brushed bees 
> can get back to hive.
> 
> 4. move super to extracting venue. Left over bees will mostly fly to windows 
> (light) and have not been much of a problem for me. uncap both size of one 
> frame, place in extractor, repeat until extractor full (2, 3, 4 frames 
> depending on model). Balance frames as much as possible: light opposite light, 
> heavy opposite heavy).
> 
> 5. spin extractor, slower at start, faster after 2-4 minutes as frame become 
> lighter. Also slower speeds on first side, faster when frames are reversed to 
> do second side.
> 
> 6. repeat until all frames extracted, or honey needs to be removed from 
> extractor to allow continuation.
> 
> 7. remove honey from extractor: Nylon mesh is one method of getting pretty 
> clean honey on one pass. I use new panty hose held on bucket with clothespins 
> and with legs brought snugly to the outside and clipped so that they cannot be 
> pulled back in by weight of honey.
> 
> 8. cover honey buckey reasonably tightly ASAP to minimize water pickup by 
> honey. weigh bucket before and after filling to get net product.
> 
> 9. decant honey into final containers.
> 
> 10. clean all equipment with warm water. use soap only if necessary and then 
> rinse thoroughly. I do not submerse capping knife, but tend to wipe clean 
> while warm with paper or clean rag.
> 
> ---- All this from an amateur. Other will have difference opinions and 
> knowledge.

it works for me!
FROM another amateur...don't forget to put the emptied frames near the
hives for the bees to lick clean before storing them....(and don't throw
those those cappings away!-use 'em.;-)
take heart, I'm further north than you and extracted late last year and am
extracting now too!

My heart's in the highlands, my heart is not here. My heart's in the
highlands, chasing the deer. (R. Burns)


From jlks@u.washington.edu Sat Oct  1 13:01:13 EDT 1994
Article: 833 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!swrinde!sgiblab!sisters.cs.uoregon.edu!cs.uoregon.edu!news.uoregon.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!news.u.washington.edu!jlks
From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Too late for fresh supers?
Date: 26 Sep 1994 01:23:34 GMT
Organization: University of Washington
Lines: 23
Message-ID: <3657qm$7pu@news.u.washington.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: homer01.u.washington.edu

I just finished building a new garage in my backyard, so I was able to go 
pick up and bring home the two hives of bees that I had had to move 
during the construction.  Needless to say, our reunion after a month and 
a half apart was tearful and heartwarming (alright, bees don't have 
lachrymal glands, but you get the picture).  When I had moved them, they 
had barely started in on the the third super (including the brood 
chamber), and I wasn't expecting much out of them, this being their (and 
my) first year.  Lo and behold, when I went in today, I found that they 
had filled and capped every cell of every frame I had given them.  Of 
course, had I been able to check them more often, I would have given them 
more room earlier, but I couldn't, so I didn't.

My question is: it is now late September, and though it is still sunny 
and in the mid-80's here the Northwest (Seattle), I wonder if it would be 
useful at all to give them a new super with some fresh frames to work 
on?  Could it hurt?  I was planning on letting them winter with three 
supers (it being their first year, and me being the generous type), but 
maybe if they even fill out part of a fourth super, I could just leave 
them with that and harvest the third super...

Kibitzing would be appreciated...

Jordan


From pollinator@aol.com Sat Oct  1 13:01:13 EDT 1994
Article: 834 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!sunic!ugle.unit.no!trane.uninett.no!nntp.uio.no!nac.no!eunet.no!nuug!EU.net!uunet!newstf01.cr1.aol.com!newsbf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: moving bees from NC to FL
Date: 25 Sep 1994 21:52:02 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 7
Sender: news@newsbf01.news.aol.com
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References: <hhickman-240894122852@hhickman.ess.harris.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf01.news.aol.com

In article <hhickman-240894122852@hhickman.ess.harris.com>,
hhickman@ess.harris.com (H. Harris Hickman) writes: considering moving
bees to Florida.
You can get a NC inspection certificate and get the bees into Florida, by
checking with FL state inspection. But, as of now, you can't get back into
NC (legally),  as it has had a quarantine for several years.



From LJR7183@rigel.TAMU.EDU Sat Oct  1 13:01:14 EDT 1994
Article: 835 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!cs.utexas.edu!news.tamu.edu!libcpd7.tamu.edu!user
From: LJR7183@rigel.TAMU.EDU (LARRY REYNOLDS)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Moving established Hives
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 26 Sep 1994 02:50:55 GMT
Organization: TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <LJR7183-250994215823@libcpd7.tamu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: libcpd7.tamu.edu

It has just started to cool off in Central Texas.  The nights are around 55
to 60.  I do not know if now is a good time to move established hives.  I
have been wanting to keep bees since I was six years old.  That is almsost
40 years ago.  It seems like something always comes up in the spring and
early summer that keeps me from getting setup. I have a good location.
There seems to be hives in the area as my flowers are full of the most
beautiful Italian bees I have ever seen.
 
I just do not know if now, the beginning of the fall, is a good time to
move established hives as I have the chance to get a couple.  I do not know
why not, but I don't see the harm in asking.

Larry Reynolds
Supervisor, Current Periodicals
Sterling Evans Library
College Station, 
Tx 


From owen@rsnz.govt.nz Sat Oct  1 13:01:14 EDT 1994
Article: 836 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!ames!waikato!comp.vuw.ac.nz!watsonathome.rsnz.govt.nz!user
From: owen@rsnz.govt.nz (Owen Watson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: double colony -- advice wanted
Date: Mon, 26 Sep 1994 19:29:17 +1200
Organization: Royal Society of New Zealand
Lines: 24
Message-ID: <owen-2609941929170001@watsonathome.rsnz.govt.nz>
References: <35k0jq$jbe@sun4.bham.ac.uk> <170397944S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: watsonathome.rsnz.govt.nz

In article <170397944S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>, SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu
(Aaron Morris) wrote:

> Better yet, go to a library and read up on two queen management
> techniques in "The Hive and the Honeybee".

Another reference: The Skyscraper Hive, by Father M Dugat, Faber & Faber,
mcmxlviii .

and

The single-Queen and Two-Queen Systems of Colony Management under
commercial beekeeping conditions (Journal of the Royal New Zealand
Institute of Horticulture, date unknown). The author says that it requires
more work and equipment but gets you more honey for your time/investment
etc.

Another advantage of the two-queen system is that if one queen fails, the
colony doesn't.

-- 
_______________________________________________
Owen Watson, The Royal Society of New Zealand
Web server: http://www.rsnz.govt.nz/


From P.Waring@irl.cri.nz Sat Oct  1 13:01:15 EDT 1994
Article: 837 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.umbc.edu!haven.umd.edu!ames!waikato!comp.vuw.ac.nz!zephyr.grace.cri.nz!irl.cri.nz!P.Waring
From: P.Waring@irl.cri.nz (Peter Waring)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re- Extracting - advice needed
Date: Mon, 26 Sep 1994 18:05:35
Organization: Industrial Research Limited, NEW ZEALAND
Lines: 13
Message-ID: <P.Waring.15.00121865@irl.cri.nz>
NNTP-Posting-Host: 131.203.199.239
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

It saves much trouble to place a Porter bee escape in a board below the super 
overnight before removing the super. Most of the bees will go down and join 
their friends during the night, and only a few will remain when you carry the 
super away.

Also, whilst it is OK to put the emptied frames near the hive for the bees to 
clear up when you only have one hive, to do so with numbers of hives around in 
the fall can start an epidemic of robbing of the weaker hives by the stronger. 
Much better to put a super with the emptied frames on top of the hive and let 
the bees clean up that way.

Peter Waring
P.Waring@irl.cri.nz


From vmjr@netcom.com Sat Oct  1 13:01:16 EDT 1994
Article: 838 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!csus.edu!netcom.com!vmjr
From: vmjr@netcom.com (Victor M. J. Ryden)
Subject: Royal Jelly
Message-ID: <znr780577793k@vmjr>
Sender: vmjr@netcom.com (Victor M.J. Ryden)
Reply-To: vmjr@netcom.com
Organization: NETCOM On-line Communication Services (408 261-4700 guest)
X-Newsreader: ZipNews Reader/Mailer v0.93b (Beta)
Date: Mon, 26 Sep 1994 11:09:53 GMT
Lines: 9

I was at a party last night and someone mentioned that they were taking
Royal Jelly. What is it and how is it "harvested"!


-- 

  Thanks,
  Victor M.J. Ryden                    POTS: (213) 236-1822 - Voice
  So Calif Assn of Govts - SCAG              (213) 236-1825 - Fax
  818 W 7th St, 12th Fl                 ISP: vmjr@netcom.com
  Los Angeles, CA 90017-3435            CIS: 71551,1415



From miyasato@isci.kyutech.ac.jp Sat Oct  1 13:01:16 EDT 1994
Article: 839 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!emalpha2.em.doe.gov!darwin.sura.net!spool.mu.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!gatech!rutgers!uwvax!sinetnews!news.u-tokyo.ac.jp!wnoc-tyo-news!aist-nara!wnoc-kyo-news!hakozaki.karrn!wnoc-fukuoka-news!shiwasu!miyasato
From: miyasato@isci.kyutech.ac.jp (Shinji Miyasato)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Request info on veterinary schools
Date: 26 Sep 94 07:04:55 GMT
Organization: Information Science Center of Kyushu Inst. of Tech.
Lines: 37
Distribution: sci
Message-ID: <MIYASATO.94Sep26160455@murasaki.isci.kyutech.ac.jp>
NNTP-Posting-Host: murasaki.isci.kyutech.ac.jp


  Sorry if I'm posting this to the wrong group.
  
  A friend asked me to post this:

---------

  I'm a 3rd year undergraduate majoring in veterinary science in Japan.
  I would like to study clinical veterinary science in the United States,
 England, or some other English-speaking country. I would appreciate any
 information you have on the following points:

  1. Which universities or colleges have courses in clinical veterinary
    science?
  2. What are the requirments for admission and what, if any, are the special
    strengths or areas of interest?
  3. Can foreign students seek admisson, and is there any financial aid
    available?


                                                    Mika TANABE

                                            Miyazaki University of Japan
---------

  Please answer by E-MAIL to:

                       miyasato@isci.kyutech.ac.jp

  Thank you very much.
--

                      
                 Shinji Miyasato               
      ITK : Institute Tecnologico de Kyushu
--------------------------------------------------
     Por favor, me traga uma cerveja gelada!


From nunnun@cix.compulink.co.uk Sat Oct  1 13:01:17 EDT 1994
Article: 840 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!uknet!cix.compulink.co.uk!nunnun
From: nunnun@cix.compulink.co.uk ("Norman Lunnun")
Subject: Re Moving Established Hives
Message-ID: <CwrDG9.8LA@cix.compulink.co.uk>
Organization: Compulink Information eXchange
Date: Mon, 26 Sep 1994 22:36:09 GMT
X-News-Software: Ameol
Lines: 11

Larry Renolds ask about moving hives.
The rule I use is under 3 feet or over 3 miles.
I have just moved 5 hives to over 3 miles from their original spot,in 
about 6 weeks time I shall be able to move them back to  the spot I  want 
them to spend winter in,I need to do this although this is within 400 
yards of their original spot.
Bees fly upto about a three mile radious of the hive,so moving them over 
three miles stops a bee finding it's way back to the original site.
I should imagine moving them when the climate is cooler would be more  
benaficial as the bees are not so active and not flying so far.
 Norman Lunnun,Uttoxeter.UK.


From pollinator@aol.com Sat Oct  1 13:01:18 EDT 1994
Article: 841 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swiss.ans.net!newstf01.cr1.aol.com!newsbf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: pollination newsletter
Date: 26 Sep 1994 22:17:04 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 26
Sender: news@newsbf01.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <367vb0$e5u@newsbf01.news.aol.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf01.news.aol.com

   Beekeepers interested in crop pollination service may be interested in
subscribing to Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, which is a vehicle for
practical information on pollination. It is designed primarily to help
growers, but will be of interest to pollination beekeepers and several
other disciplines.
               List Your Pollination Service  (Eastern USA and Canada)
   Give name, address, phone, number of hives available, areas and crops
where you can serve. Deadline for listing 1-1-95.  Not required to
subscribe for listing, but, of course, we hope you will.  Subscription for
1995 $12.
   Looking for resource persons for several regions. If you are well
informed on pollination systems in your area, or if you could provide
brief articles on specifics of pollination, or help make contacts, or
mailing lists of growers who need managed pollination of their crops, let
us know.
   We are trying to cross pollinate some fields where there is not enough
communication in practical aspects. -Growers, pollination beekeepers,
extension, researchers, etc.
   A brochure on watermelon pollination is available from our Info Service
for SASE, and one is nearly ready on apples. These can be used to inform
your customers; we can get you a copy ready master, customized for your
business, for a nominal fee.  Some resources are also available on request
on  bees and pesticide misuse.
   
Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC 29554, 
803-558-9598    Dave Green, Editor


From dharry@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu Sat Oct  1 13:01:18 EDT 1994
Article: 842 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!library.ucla.edu!news.ucdavis.edu!ucdmc.ucdavis.edu!dharry
From: dharry@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu (David J. Harry)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Re- Extracting - advice needed
Date: Mon, 26 Sep 1994 22:19:57
Organization: Information Resources, UC Davis
Lines: 15
Message-ID: <dharry.15.001655D1@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu>
References: <P.Waring.15.00121865@irl.cri.nz>
NNTP-Posting-Host: dh.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu


>Also, whilst it is OK to put the emptied frames near the hive for the bees to 
>clear up when you only have one hive, to do so with numbers of hives around in
>the fall can start an epidemic of robbing of the weaker hives by the stronger.
>Much better to put a super with the emptied frames on top of the hive and let 
>the bees clean up that way.

I've tried this in central Calif. with little success: the bees simply start 
refilling the partially empty supers.  American Bee Journal article 
suggested putting an empty super (no frames) between the brood chamber and 
the supers to be cleaned.  This presumably prevents the bees from refilling 
the upper supers.  I tried this also, with limited success. Ultimately, I 
went back to placing the empty supers close to the hives.  You have to watch 
carefully, since they'll begin to disassemble the comb when the honey is 
gone!  I've had no apparent problem with robbing behaviour.


From killoran@ll.mit.edu Sat Oct  1 13:01:19 EDT 1994
Article: 843 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!lll-winken.llnl.gov!noc.near.net!MathWorks.Com!news2.near.net!ll.mit.edu!killoran
From: killoran@ll.mit.edu (Mike Killoran)
Subject: Pictures of my extracting fiasco!
Message-ID: <9409271236.PN16855@LL.MIT.EDU>
Sender: news@ll.mit.edu
Organization: MIT Lincoln Lab -- Lexington, MA
Date: Tue, 27 Sep 94 12:36:42 -0400
Lines: 31


Hi all,

Well, here's descriptions of the picture to follow!  As
this was my first year beekeeping, I rented an extractor
with a beekeeper friend and brought my supers over to
his house.  We left mine sitting in my car (to warm up
in the sun....) and went to work extracting his supers.

After a few hours, his wife came downstairs and asks me
if I know there's a slew of bees around my car!  Oh no!
Beginners mistake!

Anyway, the top picture is my friend and me (on right)
just after we took the supers out of my car.  The bottom
two are after the supers were out for ~10 minutes.  The
top picture doesn't really do justice to the number of
bees flying around, due to the distance.  The bottom two,
however, show the little Starlines well!

A bit of moving the supers from one spot to another in the
backyard combined with some smoking got rid of the robbers.
They had only stolen a palm sized area of comb and cleaned up
the dripping burr comb... live and learn!

	-Mike Killoran 
	-Westford, MA
--
Mike Killoran                            Zen says:
killoran@ll.mit.edu                  Cease to do evil,
(617) 981-2667 (Lexington, MA USA)    Try to do good.


From killoran@ll.mit.edu Sat Oct  1 13:01:21 EDT 1994
Article: 844 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!swiss.ans.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!uunet!xn.ll.mit.edu!ll.mit.edu!killoran
From: killoran@ll.mit.edu (Mike Killoran)
Subject: Re: Pictures of my extracting fiasco!
In-Reply-To: killoran@ll.mit.edu's message of Tue, 27 Sep 94 12:36:42 -0400
Message-ID: <9409271240.PN17298@LL.MIT.EDU>
Sender: news@ll.mit.edu
Organization: MIT Lincoln Lab -- Lexington, MA
References: <9409271236.PN16855@LL.MIT.EDU>
Date: Tue, 27 Sep 94 12:40:31 -0400
Lines: 4599


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$@```.VK'
`
end
--
Mike Killoran                            Zen says:
killoran@ll.mit.edu                  Cease to do evil,
(617) 981-2667 (Lexington, MA USA)    Try to do good.


From 100115.2716@CompuServe.COM Sat Oct  1 13:01:22 EDT 1994
Article: 845 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!uunet!george.inhouse.compuserve.com!news.inhouse.compuserve.com!compuserve.com!news
From: James R. Griggs <100115.2716@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Moving established Hives
Date: 28 Sep 1994 21:53:38 GMT
Organization: IsleOfView® Software
Lines: 29
Message-ID: <36col2$l2o$1@mhadg.production.compuserve.com>
References: <LJR7183-250994215823@libcpd7.tamu.edu>

I live in Vienna, Austria, but I was raised in Iowa, the son of a 
beekeeper with about 1000-1200 hives.  I worked the business 
until I finished university, so I have quite a lot of practical 
experience with the whole commercial honey industry.

I can offer the following advice regarding moving bees - we moved 
bee yards from place to place on occasion.

1.) Move the bees at night.  They are in the hive then and not 
all flying around.  You keep more of the colony population that 
way.

2.) Staple the entrances to the hive together with pieces of wire 
screen.  Make sure not to close all of the ventilation openings.

3.) Do not try to move a hive that has been opened within several 
days.  The propolis and wax will hold the supers together better 
that way.  Move the whole hive together; don't try to move it 
super by super.  It may be easier to move the colonies at a time 
of year when they are not as tall.

4.) The bees may be a little disoriented at the new location and 
you may loose a small percentage of the colony.  If the colony 
strength is reasonable, this should be little problem.

-- 
James R. Griggs
100115.2716@CompuServe.Com
Vienna, Austria


From 100115.2716@CompuServe.COM Sat Oct  1 13:01:22 EDT 1994
Article: 846 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!yeshua.marcam.com!charnel.ecst.csuchico.edu!olivea!uunet!george.inhouse.compuserve.com!news.inhouse.compuserve.com!compuserve.com!news
From: James R. Griggs <100115.2716@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting -- advice needed
Date: 28 Sep 1994 22:00:13 GMT
Organization: IsleOfView® Software
Lines: 30
Message-ID: <36cp1d$l2o$2@mhadg.production.compuserve.com>
References: <prism-250994135339@dynam26.nbnet.nb.ca>

I live in Vienna, Austria, but was raised in Iowa by the son of a 
beekeeper with 1000-1200 hives.  I helped in the business until I 
graduated from University, so I have quite a bit of experience in 
the honey business.

Here are a couple of thoughts I had while reading your message:

1.) Large honey producers use other methods to remove the bees 
>from  the combs.  Chemical agents (my dad used carbonic acid, 
there are also commercial preparations) which would drive the 
bees down in the hive.  A cover was placed on the top super with 
a pad saturated with the agent.  The bees were driven down by the 
vapors.  Also, there are big blowers which are used to blow the 
bees out from between the frames.  We had a gasoline powered 
machine that made a heck of a wind.  It whisks the bees out 
without hurting them (much).
2.) Your use of newspapers may make for an easy cleanup, but you 
may be loosing a little honey in the process.  Consider using 
plastic, and then placing the sheets outside for the bees to lick 
off.
3.) We heated the honey slightly before straining it through 100 
mesh silk and bottling or bareling it.  The temperature was kept 
to about 160F or below to keep the honey from darkening.  Heating 
the honey before sealing helped keep it from granulating so 
quickly.

-- 
James R. Griggs
100115.2716@CompuServe.Com
Vienna, Austria


From 100115.2716@CompuServe.COM Sat Oct  1 13:01:23 EDT 1994
Article: 847 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: James R. Griggs <100115.2716@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Too late for fresh supers?
Date: 28 Sep 1994 22:10:35 GMT
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References: <3657qm$7pu@news.u.washington.edu>

I haven't had my hands in the bee business in about 20 years 
(since I graduated from College), but my dad had about 1000-1200 
hives, and I got a lot of experience (and stings) during my 
youth.  

If you still have nectar bearing flowers in the area, it probably 
can't hurt to add another super, especially if theirs are all 
full.  Place the empty lower in the hive, just above the brood 
chamber.  Bees sometimes carry the new honey up through the 
colony and when they encounter the first sealed combs, they think 
the hive is full, and they balk at going further.  We always 
rotated the supers to keep the full ones on top.

You might consider using "shallow" supers, the 6 or 7 inch high 
ones instead of the "deep" supers of 10 inches.  That way, 
there's less space to have to gamble with.

Jim Griggs
Vienna, Austria

-- 
James R. Griggs
100115.2716@CompuServe.Com
Vienna, Austria


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Sat Oct  1 13:01:24 EDT 1994
Article: 848 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: Re Moving Established Hives
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If it's an off season and you are sure the bees have been confined for 
three days with no flights, say due to rain, cold weather, etc.  and if 
it isn't a lot of trouble, move them to a new spot.  Remove any hive 
parts, comb, scrapings, etc from where the hive was.

Then be sure to be there shortly after they begin flying in any numbers.  
Within a few hours after is fine.  Moving them may cause enough flight to 
gauge if it is warm enough.

If they come back and_cluster_and_stay_on the place where the hive stood,
just move the hive back there and try again later if you like.  No harm 
done. Then try the two or three miles trick. 

If they just fly around the old location a lot _and_then_go_away, don't 
worry.  It worked.

A _few_ bees will be lost no matter what you do.

Another trick to get across a yard in flying (slight flow) weather is this:

First move the hive a foot to one side.  Wait a day or so, then move it 
two or three more feet.  A day later, see how much farther you can go.  
The bees get used to having to look for their hive and you can move it in 
fair sized steps.  Just let the bees show you how far. 

It works for me.
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From altabios@bham.ac.uk Sat Oct  1 13:01:24 EDT 1994
Article: 849 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting -- advice needed
Date: 30 Sep 1994 09:57:42 GMT
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References: <Bi63Y8B.kmdrach@delphi.com> <nupamvr.32.000B2356@peele.bas.ncsu.edu> <prism-250994135339@dynam26.nbnet.nb.ca>
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In article <prism-250994135339@dynam26.nbnet.nb.ca>, prism@nbnet.nb.ca (Highlander) says:
>


>it works for me!
>FROM another amateur...don't forget to put the emptied frames near the
>hives for the bees to lick clean before storing them....(and don't throw
>those those cappings away!-use 'em.;-)
>take heart, I'm further north than you and extracted late last year and am
>extracting now too!
>
>My heart's in the highlands, my heart is not here. My heart's in the
>highlands, chasing the deer. (R. Burns)


I don't put the supers back on the hive. It's a lot more work and the remnants of the
honey deter wax moth from attacking your combs. Wax moth can devastate
yor stored comb over winter.


From phrrv@csv.warwick.ac.uk Sat Oct  1 13:01:25 EDT 1994
Article: 850 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: phrrv@csv.warwick.ac.uk (Dr G A Cooke)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Re- Extracting - advice needed
Date: 30 Sep 1994 09:09:56 +0100
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In article <dharry.15.001655D1@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu>,
	dharry@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu (David J. Harry) writes:
>
>>Also, whilst it is OK to put the emptied frames near the hive for the bees to 
>>clear up when you only have one hive, to do so with numbers of hives around in
>>the fall can start an epidemic of robbing of the weaker hives by the stronger.
>>Much better to put a super with the emptied frames on top of the hive and let 
>>the bees clean up that way.
>
>I've tried this in central Calif. with little success: the bees simply start 
>refilling the partially empty supers.  American Bee Journal article 
>suggested putting an empty super (no frames) between the brood chamber and 
>the supers to be cleaned.  This presumably prevents the bees from refilling 
>the upper supers.  I tried this also, with limited success. Ultimately, I 
>went back to placing the empty supers close to the hives.  You have to watch 
>carefully, since they'll begin to disassemble the comb when the honey is 
>gone!  I've had no apparent problem with robbing behaviour.

Putting a crown board, or any board with a hole an inch or so across
in it, between the hive an the super to be cleaned seems to work.  The
bees don't seem to want to include the super in their workspace and 
will move the residual honey down to stores if there is room.  Because
they do not have to leave the hive they do not seem to get robber minded.
Towards the end of the season, reducing the entrance to a couple of inches
or so helps the colony to protect itself from robbing and this is an
important thing to do when feeding syrup especially with a weak colony.

graham



From kmdrach@delphi.com Sat Oct  1 13:01:25 EDT 1994
Article: 851 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: kmdrach@delphi.com (Kerry Drach)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: what bees do when not busy?
Date: 30 Sep 1994 22:32:04 GMT
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X-To: Kerry Drach <kmdrach@delphi.com>

I am a hobbyist beekeeper with one hive here in Maine.  This is my first
season, and I have become quite fascinated with bees and their ways.  I am
preparing a speech to give before a professional audience in a couple of
weeks (mental health professionals), and I want to use imagery about bees and
bee hives as a metaphor to glue the speech together. 

Here's my question: I have read that bees actually spend about two out of
three hours resting!  (This surprised me, given the lore about the business
of bees.)  CAN ANYONE GIVE ME SOME IDEAS ABOUT WHAT BEES DO WHEN THEY REST?
HOW THEY REST?  WHERE THEY REST?  ETC.  Anecdotes, lore, silly stories.
Anything will do. It would be really useful in the talk I am developing
because I want to point out that even bees need their rest (the talk is
about staying healthy and rejuvenated on the job dealing with special needs
children.

I look forward to ideas, even if they are fanciful or silly.

Thank you.

Kerry Drach
Portland, Maine
<KMDRACH@delphi.com>





From voting@qualcomm.com Sat Oct  1 13:01:26 EDT 1994
Article: 852 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: news.announce.newgroups,news.groups,bionet.biology.tropical,bionet.general,rec.backcountry,rec.birds,rec.gardens,rec.photo,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping,sci.bio,sci.bio.ecology,sci.bio.ethology,sci.bio.evolution
Subject: 2nd CFV: sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera
Supersedes: <sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera-CFV1@uunet.uu.net>
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                          LAST CALL FOR VOTES (of 2)
               unmoderated group sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera

Newsgroups line:
sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera  Lepidoptera (Butterflies & Moths).


Votes must be received by 23:59:59 UTC, 14 October 1994.

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This vote is being conducted by a neutral third party.  For voting
questions only contact rdippold@qualcomm.com.  For questions about the
proposed group contact Christopher Majka <nextug@ac.dal.ca>


CHARTER

Preamble
-------- 

Sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera is an unmoderated newsgroup to provide
a forum for the discussion of all aspects of lepidoptera (butterflies
and moths) and topics pertaining to them both on an amateur and
professional level.

It is *not* intended as a forum for commercial transactions with
respect to lepidoptera.

Sphere of Interest
------------------

Sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera is dedicated to the observation, study,
history, art, photography, conservation, rearing, and responsible
collecting of butterflies and moths. It also welcomes discussions and
inquires which pertain to the ecology, behavior, systematics,
taxonomy, evolution and other spheres of the biology of
lepidoptera. Examples of the above might include:

* Observation: If you observe butterflies and moths, this group is a
place where you can share information on interesting sightings, and
find out about sites to visit and museum exhibits.

* Study: Whether you're a high school science student making a
presentation for your science class, an entomology graduate student
specializing in Lepidoptera, or a farmer or gardener concerned about
caterpillars eating your crops, sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera.can be
used as a resource for learning.

* History: The history of the study of lepidoptera includes many
interesting personalities, debates, books, theories, etc. If you are
interested in this sphere of the history of science, this forum can be
a place where you can share your knowledge and make inquires on topics
of interest.

* Art: Many cultures have an appreciation of the beauty of butterflies
and moths. If you have an interest in butterfly images in art, music,
or literature this is a place where you can discuss your interests.

* Photography: The photography of butterflies and moths is an area
which is growing more popular. If you have ideas or inquiries about
cameras, lenses, films and other photographic techniques as they
pertain to lepidoptera, sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera can be a forum
to discuss these.

* Conservation: Many species of butterflies and moths have become
threatened by habitat destruction. Conservation can include everything
>from  legislative efforts to the simple expedient of growing
caterpillar food plants in your garden. Discussions of conservation
policy are welcome.

* Rearing: Butterfly-gardening and caterpillar-rearing are are
becoming ever more popular. Sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera is a place
to learn rearing techniques from others involved in the practice.

* Responsible collecting: When made for educational or research
purposes, insect collections can have an important role. Collecting
sites and techniques can be discussed on this newsgroup. We encourage
participating collectors to obey wildlife regulations, to be aware of
which species in their areas are threatened or endangered, and to
avoid collecting on private property or in restricted areas without
prior permission.  Efforts to encourage trespassing or to subvert
conservation laws are emphatically NOT welcome on this newsgroup. All
participants are expected to respect the environment and the law.

Sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera is not intended as a forum for the
buying and selling of insect specimens nor as a venue for commercial
collectors to advertise their wares. Collectors who wish to do so
should communicate through private EMail.

* The Biology of Lepidoptera: while not intended as a substitute for
professional entomological journals, sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera
does encourage scientific discussions which deal with aspects of the
ecology, behavior, systematics, taxonomy, genetics, evolution and
other areas of lepidopteran biology. We hope that
sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera can be a place where amateur and
professional lepidopterists can rub electronic shoulders to their
mutual benefit.

* In order to facilitate access to this newsgroup to as broad an
Internet constituency as possible, arrangements are underway to
provide a gated mailing list for the group so that interested parties
who do not have Usenet access can also participate. It is our hope
that such a facility will also include archiving and indexing
capabilities.

* If participants are so inclined sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera may
develop FAQ's which address topics in different spheres of the study
of lepidoptera. Examples might include:

* Design of butterfly gardens and plants which attract lepidoptera.
* Techniques of collecting preparing, preserving and photographing lepidoptera.
* Suppliers of equipment related to the study of butterflies and moths.
* Lists of books and journals related to lepidoptera.
* Electronic resources (WWW & Gopher servers, FTP archives, Listservers, etc.) 
  related to the study of lepidoptera.
* Environmental and other regulations pertaining to the collecting of 
  lepidoptera.
* Information on the rearing of lepidoptera.

RATIONALE
---------

At present, there are no other newsgroups where discussion pertaining
to this topic can properly occur. The pre-existing entomology
Listervers, <entomo-l@vm.UOGUELPH.ca> & <entomo-l@ubvm.bitnet> are
general in their entomological interest and do not focus specifically
on lepidoptera. This Usenet group would be a natural outgrowth of the
recently established Lepidoptera Listserver <Leps.@kaiwan.com>.

Over the past few months there has been a considerable degree of
interest expressed by professional and amateur lepidopterists in
creating a forum for the discussion of all topics which pertain to the
study of lepidoptera (butterflies and moths). The consensus seems to
be that a Usenet Group would be the preferred vehicle of expressing
this interest. We, the proponents, issued a formal RFD in July and
have received an overwhelmingly positive response to it. Therefore we
are continuing the process and are calling a formal Call For Votes
(CFV) with respect to the creation of sci.bio.entomology.
lepidoptera.


HOW TO VOTE

Send MAIL to:   voting@qualcomm.com
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From 100115.2716@CompuServe.COM Sat Oct  1 13:01:27 EDT 1994
Article: 853 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: James R. Griggs <100115.2716@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting -- advice needed
Date: 30 Sep 1994 21:28:20 GMT
Organization: IsleOfView® Software
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Message-ID: <36hvtk$hpn$1@mhade.production.compuserve.com>
References: <36gnem$r25@sun4.bham.ac.uk>

Empty supers stored over the winter can be effectively protected 
against moth damage by keeping them relatively well sealed 
(i.e,., stacked tightly), and placing a small quantity of 
paradichlorabenzine (spelling questionable) or common "moth 
balls" on a piece of mesh on the top covered with a tight cover. 
 The fumes of the moth balls are heavier than air and sind 
through the stack of supers.  Moths won't eat your combs like 
they won't eat your wife's (grandmother's?) fur coats!

-- 
James R. Griggs
100115.2716@CompuServe.Com
Vienna, Austria


From ryaninst@halcyon.com Sat Oct  1 13:01:27 EDT 1994
Article: 854 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ryaninst@halcyon.com
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Ryan Inst. BBS (800-261-3659)
Date: Fri, 30 Sep 1994 11:17:58 UNDEFINED
Organization: Ryan Instruments
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Summary: Ryan has bbs access now
Keywords: ryan, bbs, temperature
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev B final beta #1]

Ryan Instruments (Manufacturer of Temperature and Humidity monitoring 
devices) has a new BBS that offers product brochures and other misc. files.  
Feel free to dial us up, browse around  and leave any comments to the Sysop.  
It is still under construction and we are looking for ways to make it 
worthwhile for you and our customers.

1-800-261-3659
or
1-206-883-0695


From mhg3@cornell.edu Sun Oct  2 00:39:50 EDT 1994
Article: 855 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!darwin.sura.net!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!MathWorks.Com!news.kei.com!travelers.mail.cornell.edu!newsstand.cit.cornell.edu!NewsWatcher!user
From: mhg3@cornell.edu (Mike Griggs)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting -- advice needed
Date: 1 Oct 1994 16:35:46 GMT
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In article <36hvtk$hpn$1@mhade.production.compuserve.com>, James R. Griggs
<100115.2716@CompuServe.COM> wrote:

> Empty supers stored over the winter can be effectively protected 
> against moth damage by keeping them relatively well sealed 
> (i.e,., stacked tightly), and placing a small quantity of 
> paradichlorabenzine (spelling questionable) or common "moth 
> balls" on a piece of mesh on the top covered with a tight cover. 
>  The fumes of the moth balls are heavier than air and sind 
> through the stack of supers.  Moths won't eat your combs like 
> they won't eat your wife's (grandmother's?) fur coats!
> 
> -- 
> James R. Griggs
> 100115.2716@CompuServe.Com
> Vienna, Austria
When you say supers do you mean hive bodies or honey supers.  The reason I bring this up is that in recent years it has been found that PDB can accumulate in the wax and it is not easy to tell if it is leaching into the honey in appreciable amounts. It is known that it (tends to be lipophillic) is concentrated in the wax more so than in the honey.
I use moth balls for storing my excess hive bodies and place my honey supers in an old chest freezer that I know is physically sealed.  The hive bodies are much more attractive to the Wax Moth since they really feed on the remains of the bee molt skins and less on the wax.


James do you think we may be related? 
-- 
Mike Griggs Entomologist/Apiculturist/Arborist


From 100115.2716@CompuServe.COM Sun Oct  2 00:39:51 EDT 1994
Article: 856 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!dziuxsolim.rutgers.edu!uunet!george.inhouse.compuserve.com!news.inhouse.compuserve.com!compuserve.com!news
From: James R. Griggs <100115.2716@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting -- advice needed
Date: 1 Oct 1994 18:15:15 GMT
Organization: International Atomic Energy Agency
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Message-ID: <36k8vj$mpk$4@mhadf.production.compuserve.com>
References: <mhg3-0110941243260001@132.236.236.24>

Mike,

Definitely hive bodies.  I used the term super to mean the same. 
 I guess I never realized that the term "super" was reserved for 
a hive body which was full of honey.

My honey experience dates back about 20 years, so the use of 
paradichlorabenzine (?) or moth balls is a bit dated.  I do, 
however, remember also using a commercial product call 
"KillMoth".  PDB would keep moths out if they weren't already in 
the combs.  KillMoth would actually kill them if they were 
already in.

Re. being related ... who knows?  I was raised in Iowa.  My 
father's family grew up in eastern Iowa around the town of 
Washington.  His family originally came from Kentucky, and beyond 
that, we don't have much information.  Any geneological 
information you may have would be greatly appreciated.  E-mail me 
please.

-- 
James R. Griggs
100115.2716@CompuServe.Com
Vienna, Austria


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Sun Oct  2 22:02:17 EDT 1994
Article: 857 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Supers and wax moths
Sender: usenet@cuug.ab.ca
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Super is a Latin word meaning 'above' or 'over'.  Hence a super is placed 
above the brood chamber(s).  Supers usually have light coloured comb and 
may have wider frame spacing than is acceptable in a brood chamber.  They 
are sometimes isolated from the active egg laying area by an excluder - a 
screen which is a liitle too tight for a queen or drone to pass through, 
but which allows the workers to pass (some say) unimpeded.

If you don't have much equipment, wax moths can be stopped by ensuring 
the combs in question are exposed to lots of fresh air.  Wax moth larvae 
can't make it in a dry well ventillated environment.  They exist in 
stuffy supers and brood chambers, or in cracks.

Don't throw out damaged combs.  If the wax moth have merely laced them 
with frass and cocoons, but there is a lot of comb left, just put them 
into the middle of a hive one by one or a super at the beginning of the 
flow, and they will be renewed pronto.
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Sun Oct  2 22:02:18 EDT 1994
Article: 858 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Royal Jelly
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 1994 23:25:12 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 11
Message-ID: <roadent.695.2E8F4158@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
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NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-06.cc.monash.edu.au

In article <36cpc1$l2o$3@mhadg.production.compuserve.com> James R. Griggs <100115.2716@CompuServe.COM> writes:

>Royal Jelly is the substance fed to female bee larvae to develop 
>them into Queen bees.  It contains hormones or enzymes, or 

[...]

>From  what I understand, it is put into all cells as starting food for the 
grubs.  It is just that Queens are given it for longer through their...um....
developmental.....period.  
Adrian. (I hope I'm not wrong again....:->   )


From gshaw@gpl.com Mon Oct  3 21:02:47 EDT 1994
Article: 859 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: gshaw@starbase1.gpl.com (George Shaw)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Coming Soon Dromore Beekeepers On-Line
Date: 3 Oct 1994 16:59:09 GMT
Lines: 21
Message-ID: <36pd8t$vel@errigle.gpl.net>
Reply-To: gshaw@gpl.com
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Hi all

This is a short note to announce that the Dromore Beekeepers Association  
of Northern Ireland will be putting up on WWW all their issues of the  
"DROMORE BUZZETTE" the association magazine and a information page.

The Dromore Beekeepers Association has around 300 members.

Any one intrested in beeking in Ireland should check out their pages for  
the latest news and tips. We are also looking for anyone who wishes to  
contribute. Contact George Shaw for more info.

gs

--

George Shaw (Managing Director)

GENESIS PROJECT Ltd               
International Trade Centre Belfast  "INTERPOINT"
20-24 York Street


From d-lampe@uiuc.edu Mon Oct  3 21:02:48 EDT 1994
Article: 860 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: d-lampe@uiuc.edu (David Lampe)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Entomology WWW page
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: Mon, 03 Oct 1994 15:15:07 -0600
Organization: U of Illinois
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The Entomology Department at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
would like to announce its new World Wide Web home page at
http://www.life.uiuc.edu/Entomology/home.html.  Here you'll find
information on all aspects of the department, our faculty, and the
University of Illinois in general.  

For your artistic taste, we offer a series of over 20 insect drawings done
50-60 years ago for teaching purposes here at Illinois that cover most of
the common insect orders and some specific insect families and species (we
hope to make all of these interactive in the near future).  So if you've
ever wondered what a bean weevil or a tree cricket really looks like, stop
on by!!


David Lampe
Dept. Entomology
University of Illinois
Urbana, Illinois  61801  USA
d-lampe@uiuc.edu
http://www.life.uiuc.edu/Entomology/Dave/davel.html


From pete@dewis.win-uk.net Tue Oct  4 20:15:10 EDT 1994
Article: 861 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Message-ID: <87@dewis.win-uk.net>
Reply-To: pete@dewis.win-uk.net (Pete C Gray)
From: pete@dewis.win-uk.net (Pete C Gray)
Date: Mon, 03 Oct 1994 22:12:06 GMT
Subject: CBPV
Lines: 8

Does anyone have experience with Chronic Bee
Paralisys Virus?

All the literature that I have trawled thru
merely describes the symptoms. How easily is it
communicvated between colonies, what treatments 
(if any) are available, or do I just burn the
colonies and start again? 



From nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk Tue Oct  4 20:15:11 EDT 1994
Article: 862 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: what bees do when not busy?
Date: 4 Oct 1994 13:22:11 GMT
Organization: University Of St. Andrews
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In article <9409301827591.DLITE.kmdrach@delphi.com>,
Kerry Drach <kmdrach@delphi.com> wrote:
...
>of bees.)  CAN ANYONE GIVE ME SOME IDEAS ABOUT WHAT BEES DO WHEN THEY REST?
>HOW THEY REST?  WHERE THEY REST?  ETC.  Anecdotes, lore, silly stories.
...
>I look forward to ideas, even if they are fanciful or silly.

I always tell my children that the bees stay home, eat honey and watch TV.

(Well, you DID say "silly"...makes my kids laugh.)

-Norman






From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Tue Oct  4 20:15:12 EDT 1994
Article: 863 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting -- advice needed
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 1994 08:18:05 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 51
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NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-07.cc.monash.edu.au
Keywords: honey, extracting


MOstly what I do.  I have added a few points.


>2. remove super from hive.

Open super on hive, remove frames, shake bees from them, replace with new 
frames (optional, depending on flow conditions)


>3. have second empty super available, use bee brush to remove as many bees as 
>possible from each frame and put de-bee'd frames in empty super, covering with
>cloth while working on next frame. Do this close to hive so that brushed bees 
>can get back to hive.

Brush/shake over the hive...cuts losses by a bit.  Also, as well as, or 
instead of a cloth, use a board fitted with porter escapes.


>5. spin extractor, slower at start, faster after 2-4 minutes as frame become 
>lighter. Also slower speeds on first side, faster when frames are reversed to 
>do second side.

For REALLY heavy frames, extract half of the first side, flip, do half the 
second side, then redo each side, otherwise ther eis a greater risk of the 
comd colapsing.

>6. repeat until all frames extracted, or honey needs to be removed from 
>extractor to allow continuation.


Or have outlet of extractor emptying straight into a barrel.


>10. clean all equipment with warm water. use soap only if necessary and then 
>rinse thoroughly. I do not submerse capping knife, but tend to wipe clean 
>while warm with paper or clean rag.

Or keep knife hot for a minute or two after finishing, and most wax and 
honey will flow straight off.




>---- All this from an amateur. Other will have difference opinions and 
>knowledge.

Uh ...yeah...what he said.

I hope my comments help rather than hinder.
Adrian.


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Tue Oct  4 20:15:12 EDT 1994
Article: 864 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: CBPV
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 1994 09:53:02 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 31
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References: <87@dewis.win-uk.net>
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In article <87@dewis.win-uk.net> pete@dewis.win-uk.net (Pete C Gray) writes:

>Does anyone have experience with Chronic Bee
>Paralisys Virus?

I don't have any experience with this disease myself, but here is what my 
book says.


"Virus particles may enter pores in the cuticle and through broken bristles, 
where the cytoplasm is briefly exposed to other bees that may be infected.  
The virus may also be secreted from hypopharyngeal glands as bees moisten 
pollen during foraging flights.  
Paralysis seems to be related to genetic factors, with some queens seeming 
to pass on susceptibilityto paralysis to their worker progeny.  In some 
instances, bees can cary the virus without ill effect until some factor 
reduces their natural resistance. [....]"
and now the bit you want to know...

"Paralysis can be overcome by requeening...with a queen that does not carry 
the susceptibility factor.  Recovery may be assisted by reducing stress and 
placing hives on good nectar and pollen resources..."

_Beekeeping_ 7th edition 1991. Prepared by the Victorian Department of  
Agriculture, Editor: Russel Goodman.

I hope that is of some help.
Adrian.
  

 


From richard.krum@msfc.nasa.gov Tue Oct  4 20:15:13 EDT 1994
Article: 865 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: richard.krum@msfc.nasa.gov (Richard M. Krum, KE4GNK)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: what bees do when not busy?
Date: 4 Oct 1994 13:50:15 GMT
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In article <36rku3$77s@calvin.st-and.ac.uk>, nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson) says:
>
>In article <9409301827591.DLITE.kmdrach@delphi.com>,
>Kerry Drach <kmdrach@delphi.com> wrote:
>...
>>of bees.)  CAN ANYONE GIVE ME SOME IDEAS ABOUT WHAT BEES DO WHEN THEY REST?
>>HOW THEY REST?  WHERE THEY REST?  ETC.  Anecdotes, lore, silly stories.
>...
>>I look forward to ideas, even if they are fanciful or silly.
>
>I always tell my children that the bees stay home, eat honey and watch TV.
>
>(Well, you DID say "silly"...makes my kids laugh.)
>
The following answer is neither politically correct nor truthful:

Actually, since we raise Italian hybrid bees, our theory is that they lounge around on 
the front porch in their undershirts, smoking  tiny, smelly, crooked cigars and drinking 
strong coffee.  On rainy days, they stay inside, polish their patent-leather shoes, and 
eat lots of pasta with honey sauce.  The gangster bees carry tiny violin cases, of 
course.

<sigh>  Too many generalizations--My Sicilian Godparents will get me for this one--

--Rich


From wgathey@space.honeywell.com Wed Oct  5 00:44:55 EDT 1994
Article: 866 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: wgathey@space.honeywell.com (wgathey)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: what bees do when not busy?
Date: 3 Oct 1994 17:12:02 GMT
Organization: Honeywell
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In article <9409301827591.DLITE.kmdrach@delphi.com>, kmdrach@delphi.com (Kerry Drach) says:
>
>my question: I have read that bees actually spend about two out of
>three hours resting!  (This surprised me, given the lore about the business
>of bees.)  CAN ANYONE GIVE ME SOME IDEAS ABOUT WHAT BEES DO WHEN THEY REST?
>HOW THEY REST?  WHERE THEY REST?  ETC.  Anecdotes, lore, silly stories.

>Thank you.
>
>Kerry Drach
>Portland, Maine
><KMDRACH@delphi.com>
>
 
I have an observation hive and have studied the bees quite a bit.  I have read a lot lately
about bees not doing anything and resting.  In my observations I find them to be busy
doing things even when at rest.  
The bees at rest are conserving energy that would otherwise be wasted.
The bees conserving energy with full bellys will develope wax that is secreted 
>from  8 wax glands on the abdomen.  Many times the resting bees will be seen
hanging in chains motionless so they do not burn as many calories within their 
bodies, conserving energy, for maximum transfer of their food into wax.
I also observe other bees going from one motionless bee to another collecting the 
wax off of the motionless bee's abdomens and taking it to form the comb.
I hope this will be of help.  Bees sure are fascinating.
Bill

===============================================================================

 Bill Athey - AA4WE                                            Internet: wgathey@space.honeywell.com
 Honeywell Inc.                                                    Packet:   aa4we@w4dph.fl.usa.na
 Space Systems Division                                  Phone:    (813) 539-2913
 13350 U. S. Highway 19 North, MS 887-3    FAX:      (813) 539-3859
 Clearwater, Florida 34624-7290

===============================================================================



From wgathey@space.honeywell.com Wed Oct  5 00:44:56 EDT 1994
Article: 867 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: wgathey@space.honeywell.com (wgathey)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Royal Jelly
Date: 4 Oct 1994 11:55:13 GMT
Organization: Honeywell
Lines: 37
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X-Newsreader: WinVN version 0.82

In article <znr780577793k@vmjr>, vmjr@netcom.com (Victor M. J. Ryden) says:
>
>I was at a party last night and someone mentioned that they were taking
>Royal Jelly. What is it and how is it "harvested"!
>
>
>-- 
>
>  Thanks,
>  Victor M.J. Ryden                    POTS: (213) 236-1822 - Voice
>  So Calif Assn of Govts - SCAG              (213) 236-1825 - Fax
>  818 W 7th St, 12th Fl                 ISP: vmjr@netcom.com
>  Los Angeles, CA 90017-3435            CIS: 71551,1415
>
Royal Jelly is milky in appearance, a substance secreted by the pharyngeal glands in the heads of 
nurse honeybees.  It is used to feed larvae the first few days of life.  When the bees want the larvae
to develope the sexual organs fully in order to create a queen bee they feed the larve royal jelly 
throughout development.  

Royal Jelly sometimes called bees milk, I have heard is painstakenly extracted from each cell 
using a suction device.  I have never had any experience in this area and there may be more 
and better ways of extracting it.  

I understand some people take royal jelly and claim that it prolongs life.  I have never heard 
of any scientific proof to back this up though.
 I hope this helps,
Bill

===============================================================================

 Bill Athey - AA4WE                                       Internet: wgathey@space.honeywell.com
 Honeywell Inc.                                             Packet:   aa4we@w4dph.fl.usa.na
 Space Systems Division                             Phone:    (813) 539-2913
 13350 U. S. Highway 19 North, MS 887-3    FAX:      (813) 539-3859
 Clearwater, Florida 34624-7290

===============================================================================


From roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com Wed Oct  5 11:10:41 EDT 1994
Article: 868 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Date: Tue, 4 Oct 1994 12:20:17 -0400
From: roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: world
Subject: Re: extracting -- advice needed
Message-ID: <roh033.mah48d-041094121133@136.141.220.39>
References: <36gnem$r25@sun4.bham.ac.uk> <36hvtk$hpn$1@mhade.production.compuserve.com> <mhg3-0110941243260001@132.236.236.24>
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 33

In article <mhg3-0110941243260001@132.236.236.24>, mhg3@cornell.edu (Mike
Griggs) wrote:

> In article <36hvtk$hpn$1@mhade.production.compuserve.com>, James R. Griggs
> <100115.2716@CompuServe.COM> wrote:
>
> > Empty supers stored over the winter can be effectively protected
> > against moth damage by keeping them relatively well sealed
> > (i.e,., stacked tightly), and placing a small quantity of
> > paradichlorabenzine (spelling questionable) or common "moth
> > balls" on a piece of mesh on the top covered with a tight cover.

> When you say supers do you mean hive bodies or honey supers.  The reason I
> bring this up is that in recent years it has been found that PDB can
> accumulate in the wax and it is not easy to tell if it is leaching into the
> honey in appreciable amounts. It is known that it (tends to be lipophillic) is
> concentrated in the wax more so than in the honey.

paradichlorobenzene---close enough, Jim.

Mike--I have been been concerned about using PDB to protect extracted comb
for that very reason (absorption into the wax).  But I've also seen the
depredation of wax moths on extracted frames from my supers...they don't
leave _anything_ behind!  Your freezer storage sounds interesting, but I
assume you're using it as a freezer, rather than just an airtight,
ambient-temperature storage chest.  Have you looked at the cost of
electricity for storing  frames this way?

Do the wax moths do less damage if you return the extracted frames to the
supers and leave them on the hives over the winter?

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From moore901@crow.csrv.uidaho.edu Thu Oct  6 00:16:53 EDT 1994
Article: 869 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: moore901@crow.csrv.uidaho.edu (Moore Chad)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting -- advice needed
Date: 5 Oct 1994 15:40:34 GMT
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James R. Griggs (100115.2716@CompuServe.COM) wrote:
> Mike,

> Definitely hive bodies.  I used the term super to mean the same. 
>  I guess I never realized that the term "super" was reserved for 
> a hive body which was full of honey.

> My honey experience dates back about 20 years, so the use of 
> paradichlorabenzine (?) or moth balls is a bit dated.  I do, 
> however, remember also using a commercial product call 
> "KillMoth".  PDB would keep moths out if they weren't already in 
> the combs.  KillMoth would actually kill them if they were 
> already in.

> Re. being related ... who knows?  I was raised in Iowa.  My 
> father's family grew up in eastern Iowa around the town of 
> Washington.  His family originally came from Kentucky, and beyond 
> that, we don't have much information.  Any geneological 
> information you may have would be greatly appreciated.  E-mail me 
> please.

> -- 
> James R. Griggs
> 100115.2716@CompuServe.Com
> Vienna, Austria

That is all fine and good, and you have good suggestions for storing 
empty supers and honey supers.  However, what would you suggest if one 
has a little two many supers to mess with?  In the winter, we have around 
eight thousand empty supers in our shop.  In most years, they do not even 
go out, but in the good years we need every one and sometimes have to 
borrow some.  How would you suggest we keep the wax moth's out of these?
	There is a solution.  About every two to three weeks, we burn a 
Sufuric solution, that kills all wax moths, and in fact every insect.  It 
is totally non-harmless to humans, after it dissipates, but the smell is 
nasty.  Do you know of any other way?



From dnl@goanna.cs.rmit.oz.au Thu Oct  6 00:16:54 EDT 1994
Article: 870 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dnl@goanna.cs.rmit.oz.au (David 'Igor' Latter)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bees on toxic plants?
Date: 5 Oct 1994 09:47:11 +1000
Organization: Comp Sci, RMIT, Melbourne, Australia
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I was recently asked about the effect on the honey if bees are able to get
at toxic plants. Plants, that any part of are very dangerous to humans, must
flower and produce nectar/pollen. Can anyone comment if this could be a
problem to look out for? Is it possible to get "toxic" honey from some of
the more nasty type of plants....?
Can bees be killed by toxic pollen.... or do they have more sense than us
humans and avoid the toxic stuff?

Comments anyone?

                    David

-- 

Could the last support staff member that leaves, please turn off the lights...


From killoran@ll.mit.edu Thu Oct  6 09:05:15 EDT 1994
Article: 871 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: killoran@ll.mit.edu (Mike Killoran)
Subject: Magnetic attraction
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I've noticed a seemingly unusual phenomena lately when 
working my bees.  Not every time, but fairly often, bees
will jump off the frames and land on my glove, or a frame
tool, etc.  When this happens, I'll get 15-20 bees jumping
at a time.  It only occurs when my glove or tool is within
approximately half a foot from the tops of the frames.

It reminds me of the way metal shavings will jump up to
a magnet when it gets close enough.  My only guess is that 
the bees smell some alarm odor on the glove from a previously
squashed bee and they're reacting to the odor.  Has anyone
else seen this or have an idea what's going on?

ps:
Yesterday I had my hive open at dusk to insert four Apistan 
strips.  During this procedure three bees managed to get
under my veil....  well really three _stings_ under my veil.
My normal reaction to a sting is just some minor local swelling
with some itch a few days later.  A sting over my eye last
night had my eye swollen shut however.  Has anyone else 
experienced a more severe reaction depending upon where they
were stung?  I'm hoping the eye area is just more sensitive 
as opposed to my getting allergic.  The stinger was also in
there for ~10 minutes as opposed to normal where I scrape it
out right away so this may account for the difference too.
Don't know how they got under my veil, I'll have to have someone
look for gaps while I'm wearing it...
	
--
Mike Killoran                            Zen says:
killoran@ll.mit.edu                  Cease to do evil,
(617) 981-2667 (Lexington, MA USA)    Try to do good.


From sSashihara@princeton.com Thu Oct  6 09:05:16 EDT 1994
Article: 872 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: sSashihara@princeton.com (Steve Sashihara)
Subject: Attracting bees to raspberries
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I am not a beekeeper.  I grow raspberries.  Two years ago, my raspberry
canes did a super yield -- they were covered with honeybees from some
unknown hive.  That hive must have been moved or destroyed by a
homeowner; since then, I've had few bees and a poorer yield of berries.
How do I attract bees, or create a bee-friendly environment, other than
becoming a beekeeper myself?


From jlks@u.washington.edu Thu Oct  6 21:44:32 EDT 1994
Article: 873 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting -- advice needed
Date: 5 Oct 1994 17:24:27 GMT
Organization: University of Washington
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References: <mhg3-0110941243260001@132.236.236.24> <36k8vj$mpk$4@mhadf.production.compuserve.com> <36uhdj$4na@owl.csrv.uidaho.edu>
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moore901@crow.csrv.uidaho.edu (Moore Chad) writes:
>	There is a solution.  About every two to three weeks, we burn a 
>Sufuric solution, that kills all wax moths, and in fact every insect.  It 
>is totally non-harmless to humans, after it dissipates, but the smell is 
            ^^^^^^^^^^^^

Tell me this is a typo, please...

Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
http://alfred1.u.washington.edu:8080/~jlks/jordan.html
    



From jlks@u.washington.edu Thu Oct  6 21:44:33 EDT 1994
Article: 874 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Home grown labels..
Date: 5 Oct 1994 17:28:16 GMT
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As I'm getting ready to can my first harvest of honey, I thought I'd whip 
up a little label on the ol' PC.  I wonder if anyone has done the same, 
and, if so, I think it would be fun to have an archive at the beekeeping 
WWW page of different labels...gif format or whatever you've got it in.  So 
let me know if you've got a label, and I'll give it a home.  I've seen 
the same thing done on home-brewing pages...

Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
http://alfred1.u.washington.edu:8080/~jlks/jordan.html



From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Fri Oct  7 10:23:27 EDT 1994
Article: 875 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Magnetic attraction
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In article <9410051538.PN29619@LL.MIT.EDU>,
Mike Killoran <killoran@ll.mit.edu> wrote:
>
>I've noticed a seemingly unusual phenomena lately when 
>working my bees.  Not every time, but fairly often, bees
>will jump off the frames and land on my glove, or a frame
>tool, etc.  When this happens, I'll get 15-20 bees jumping
>at a time.  It only occurs when my glove or tool is within
>approximately half a foot from the tops of the frames.
>a magnet when it gets close enough.  My only guess is that 
>the bees smell some alarm odor on the glove from a previously
>squashed bee and they're reacting to the odor.  Has anyone
>else seen this or have an idea what's going on?

Sounds like your bees are hot. Try using more smoke. Try working them when
the field force is out, around mid day.
-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Fri Oct  7 14:44:22 EDT 1994
Article: 876 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Magnetic attraction
Message-ID: <Cx9yEE.CxE@cuug.ab.ca>
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 1994 23:25:25 GMT
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: >I've noticed a seemingly unusual phenomena lately when 
: >working my bees.  Not every time, but fairly often, bees
: >will jump off the frames and land on my glove, or a frame
: >tool, etc.  When this happens, I'll get 15-20 bees jumping
: >at a time.  It only occurs when my glove or tool is within
: >approximately half a foot from the tops of the frames.

How fast are you moving?  Bees respond to contrast and movement.  They 
see very differently from the way we see, as far as we know.

Stripes like a black watch band on a bare wrist will get a lot of hostile 
attention as will batting eyelashes!

Try moving more slowly - really slowly, just for fun, and consider using 
more smoke, as Adam says.

I can often take a hive apart without smoke or protective gear, if I move 
*really* slowly.

We were shocked when our son, now 23, was about three or four.  He had
seen me taking hives apart and we went out one day to find that he had
disassembled a strong hive near the house and leaned the frames up against
it just as I do. He was working away there in a tee shirt and not much
else. 

Allen
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                 ARS  VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca Sat Oct  8 01:13:05 EDT 1994
Article: 877 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca (Phil Veldhuis)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Need help ending mouse invasions?
Date: 7 Oct 1994 06:26:33 GMT
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Mice are a perenial problem with wintered bees.  Try any of the following:

1.  Entrance guards with nails driven in to form a portcullis that bees
can walk through but mice cannot.

2.  Keep your hives strong, the mice can only move in on a weak hive that
has moved up off the bottom combs, or at least the bottom half of the
bottom comb.

3.  Tip your hive from back to front so dead bees can be cleaned out
easier, this is partly what they are after.

4.  Keep your bottomboards clean.

As to insulating hives:

1.  Yes, we in canada have to insulate hives in order to have them
survive.  

2.  THe function of the insulation seems to be to moderate sudden drops in
temperature, rather than keeping the hive warm.  Over insulating seems to
keep the hive from benefiting from warm days.  Keep the wrap black to
absorb solar radiation.

3.  I assume you mean 20 degrees farenheit?  
If you meant -20 F, then that is worth insulating for, I guess.
If you mean +20 F, then bask in the warmth of a spring day...

I wouldn't worry too much unless the temp drops suddenly. 
Bees up here routinely survive a month w/o the daytime high geting above
-25 C, and the nightly lows being in the range where Celcius and Farenheit
meet.  (-40)

Of course, the longer the cold snap, the higher the mortality rate, and
lots of beekeepers (myself included) perfer to put the hives in a building
where temp is controled at about +5 C.

Phil
-- 
------------oooooooooooooooOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOooooooooooooo-------------
Phil Veldhuis           |  "if something is not worth doing, 
Winnipeg. MB, Canada    |  it is not worth doing right"
veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca |                     Dave Barry (1985)


From sltqd@cc.usu.edu Sat Oct  8 01:13:05 EDT 1994
Article: 878 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: sltqd@cc.usu.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Need help ending mouse invasions?
Message-ID: <1994Oct4.141221.28736@cc.usu.edu>
Date: 4 Oct 94 14:12:21 MDT
Organization: Utah State University
Lines: 21

Howdy,

I have a question about overwintering hives.  

We have 15 hives that are located in a pasture on a farm here in northern Utah. 
Every spring at least one of the hives has a mouse nest in the bottom brood
box.  Earlier this year in June I had mice or voles repeatedly invade one weak
hive.  

My question is this:  is there any way to stop the mice from moving
into my hives short of moving them in from the fields or putting pesticide near
the hives (we have a lot of overwintering raptors and other predators)?

Also, for a period of three or so weeks during the winter it reaches 20 degrees
below zero F.  Has anyone ever insulated their hives or heard anything like
that?   Would it help if we did?

Thanks,

Todd Seamons



From pollinator@aol.com Sat Oct  8 01:13:06 EDT 1994
Article: 879 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Attracting bees to raspberries
Date: 6 Oct 1994 23:05:13 -0400
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In article <1994Oct5.083419.23274@Princeton.EDU>, sSashihara@princeton.com
(Steve Sashihara) writes: concerning missing bees and raspberry
pollination.

You've put your finger on a problem that many are experiencing: the bees
are disappearing.  
Reasons? Clearcut logging, pesticide misuse, new diseases and parasites.
One especially bad parasite, varroa mite has decimated wild honeybees
wherever it has become established. I was just reading Michigan extension
reports that indicated that a few years ago half the fruit pollination was
by wild honeybees. So they are upgrading the hive per acre recommendations
to adjust for the missing wild bees.
With so much that you are up against, as far as trying to enhance wild
bees, it is probably a losing battle. You could try feeding them if you
have some spare acreage. You probably would help bumblebees and solitary
bees more than honeybees. Suggest sweet clover, sunflowers, buckwheat,
goldenrod, canola - all rich nectar sources and some good quality pollen.
Another avenue if you don't want to keep bees: Rent them. If you have a
significant acreage, you shouldn't have too much trouble finding a
beekeeper who would place bees in the fields during bloom for a fee. It
ranges from $25 to $40 per hive. With the awful honey market, more and
more beekeepers are doing pollination service to survive.
   That's how I make my living.
Pollinator@aol.com
Dave Green, Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC 
29554


From 100115.2716@CompuServe.COM Sun Oct  9 20:39:57 EDT 1994
Article: 880 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: James R. Griggs <100115.2716@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting -- advice needed
Date: 8 Oct 1994 22:42:20 GMT
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>That is all fine and good, and you have good suggestions for
>storing empty supers and honey supers.  However, what would you 
>suggest if one has a little two many supers to mess with?  

Chad,

My dad had about 8,000 to 10,000 hive bodies to store through the 
winters.  He owned a large metal quansit building, stacked the 
hive bodies in very tall stacks.  We stacked the bodies at the 
end of each day during extracting season unless they were being 
taken back to the bee yards to be put back on.  I remember it as 
I remember it as a pain in the ... back ..., one that I did not 
enjoy, but it was necessary to go through this to protect the 
combs.

As I indicated in an earlier message, he used PDB 
(paradichlorabenzine) to keep the moths out.  This generally 
worked fine.  If you keep them stored for more than a season, you 
would probably have to re-treat them again, maybe a couple of 
times per year.

-- 
James R. Griggs
100115.2716@CompuServe.Com  (Home)
ST0@SGIT.IAEA.OR.AT         (Work)
Vienna, Austria


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Tue Oct 11 12:48:37 EDT 1994
Article: 881 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject:  Wax Moth Prevention (was extracting -- advice needed)
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Date: Sun, 9 Oct 1994 01:41:56 GMT
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 I store empty honey supers on end, in a screened porch, outdoors. The
light and open air keep all wax moth activity to a minimum.
 A big commercial guy near here has an old truck trailer. He burns agricultural
sulfur in an old honey drum, about 10 lbs at a time per load of supers. 
 I wonder what some of those really big commercial beekeepers out west do?
Hummm? :)
Adam
-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From ez021641@rocky.ucdavis.edu Tue Oct 11 12:48:38 EDT 1994
Article: 882 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ez021641@rocky.ucdavis.edu (Son Trinh)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Different Bee Lines (?)
Date: 7 Oct 1994 21:25:42 GMT
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Hi All,

   I was just wondering what's the differences between the Carnolian bees 
and the Italian bees... I don't mean phenotypically.. I'm a hobbyist.. 
and i heard that Carnolian bees are good for the Bay Area (Northern 
California).. but i'm just curious.. what are the general characterstics 
between those 2 bee lines... Thanks.

			 Regards
			  -Son
	



From danb@blkbox.com Tue Oct 11 12:48:39 EDT 1994
Article: 883 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Dan Buchsbaum <danb@blkbox.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: sugar water
Date: Mon, 10 Oct 1994 09:04:00 -500 (CDT)
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I keep 2 hives here in the Houston area, and I was going to treat them 
this week with fumidil.  I read the sugar/water ratio concentration 
should be 2 to 1 in the fall.  The directions on the fumidil say 2 gal. 
per hive.  With that arithmetic I come up with needing 64# of sugar for 
only 2 hives!  Is this concentration really necessary in this area when 
the bees already have 1 full depth super of honey (plus some in brood 
area) per hive?

One more thing, it's still in the 75-80 degree range during the day; and 
there is no sign of any brood being laid in either hive.  A month ago I 
checked for queens and brood and everything was fine and suddenly they 
stopped.  Is this normal for going into winter this far south?


From mark@csc.canterbury.ac.nz Tue Oct 11 12:48:40 EDT 1994
Article: 884 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mark@csc.canterbury.ac.nz (Mark Alexander)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Magnetic attraction
Date: 10 Oct 1994 08:08:51 GMT
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Mike Killoran (killoran@ll.mit.edu) wrote:
 
: ps:
: Yesterday I had my hive open at dusk to insert four Apistan 
: strips.  During this procedure three bees managed to get
: under my veil....  well really three _stings_ under my veil.
: My normal reaction to a sting is just some minor local swelling
: with some itch a few days later.  A sting over my eye last
: night had my eye swollen shut however.  Has anyone else 
: experienced a more severe reaction depending upon where they
: were stung?  I'm hoping the eye area is just more sensitive 
: as opposed to my getting allergic.  The stinger was also in
: there for ~10 minutes as opposed to normal where I scrape it
: out right away so this may account for the difference too.
: Don't know how they got under my veil, I'll have to have someone
: look for gaps while I'm wearing it...
: 	

I'm a amateur beekeeper, in  Christchurch, in the South Island
of New Zealand.

I find myself allergic to some bee stings only, not all. 
Sometimes when I'm stung there's just a small red spot, other
times it is a proper allergic reaction requiring a visit to the
doctor and either a strong anti-histamine tablet or asteriod 
injection. Sometimes its in between, I can treat myself with an
anti-histamine cream on the sting and a tablet for the inside.

As a child I was told I was allergic to some of the plants the 
bees were feeding on. This seems to be true, clover was one of
the plants mentioned & if I now get stung when my bees are on 
clover then its a reaction coming up for sure.

So Mike, you might be similar, with reactions to the pollen (?)
or something else in/on the bees.

Mark A. Alexander
mark@cosc.canterbury.ac.nz
mark_alexander@trimble.co.nz



From kmdrach@delphi.com Tue Oct 11 12:48:40 EDT 1994
Article: 885 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: kmdrach@delphi.com (Kerry Drach)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Question about processing honey
Date: 10 Oct 1994 11:28:33 GMT
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X-To: Kerry Drach <kmdrach@delphi.com>

I am processing my first crop of honey.  It is a dark honey that looks like
buckwheat, but probably isn't, since I live in an urban area.  Our local
bee expert also doesn't think it is honeydew.  Tastes great.  

Here's my question.  After extracting it and filtering it, I let it stand
one week or so in large containers.  Yesterday I took one of these
containers, fortunately the smallest one, and raised the temperature to about
110 degrees Fahrenheit in order to get rid of the air bubbles.  I got the
target temperature from an extension service publication.  Once bottled and
cooled, however, the honey, which was _extremely_ thick before I heated it,
was quite runny, much to thin for honey.  WHAT DID I DO WRONG?  Any ideas
would help, because I know I have to heat up the other two containers; they
are full of air, too.  I don't want to spoil the whole crop.  I have checked
the thermometer I was using.  It is accurate.

Any advice or ideas will be greatly appreciated.

Kerry Drach
Portland, Maine 



From tony@nexus.yorku.ca Tue Oct 11 12:48:42 EDT 1994
Article: 886 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: tony@nexus.yorku.ca (Anthony Wallis)
Subject: Re: swarms
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[ That subject line caught my eye.  Why is someone posting about swarming
  in October !?  Yup, northern-hemisphere chauvinism on my part. ]

> ..what d' bees take with em when they swarm??
> I know they all eat lots an lots of honey before they leave, but most of 
> this must get used up looking for a new hive site.

No. The energy-economics of this is well understood.  Swarming is
a two-stage progress.  They first cluster nearby.  Due to the
square-cube relation, this reduces heat loss.  A small minority
of bees scout for a new site and there is some sort of
"voting" process at the cluster.  Then they all head for the new
sit at once.

> Do they forage as they go?  Or do they find a site first then start
> foraging?

Recall that they forage for nectar to concentrate into honey. In terms
of energy-economics it makes more sense for the scouts to "refuel"
>from  their sisters at the swarm cluster.

> If it takes about four times as much (by wieght or volume, I'm not sure 
> which) honey to make wax, how are they able to make so much wax so fast?

Recall that they swarm when the "honey flow" is about to start.
They (i.e. evolution/God) are not stupid.  They have enough honey with
them to "bootstrap" the construction of a new nest.

> If it is the "old" bees and queen that leave  ..

The queen is the old queen, but the workers that go with her are
a cross-section - not necessarily mainly experienced field bees.
Workers generally go through a division-of-labour sequence
      nursery bees -> house bees (inc. guards) -> field bees
and the new colony is going to need all "age groups".

--
tony@nexus.yorku.ca = Tony Wallis, York University, North York, Canada.



From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Tue Oct 11 14:50:04 EDT 1994
Article: 887 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Free Virgin Queens
Message-ID: <CxIB1A.MyI@nntpa.cb.att.com>
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Date: Tue, 11 Oct 1994 11:39:10 GMT
Lines: 7

Did anyone notice the advertisement in the October Bee Culture
for free queens?
The ad says five free if you pay postage.
The ad says the queens are virgins.

Is introducing a virgin queen the same as a mated queen?



From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Tue Oct 11 21:59:52 EDT 1994
Article: 888 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: that hive in the roof....
Date: Mon, 10 Oct 1994 06:53:25 GMT
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Summary: don't wory, just me complaining.
Keywords: whinge


I don't know if anyone here remembers, but I posted a while ago about a 
feral hive in the roof of the t.v. room here.  Well, I sent several messages 
to the administration, saying that they should remove it, and that I was 
quite happy to do so (for those of you who recall the original post I 
mention above will know that I was told that I was not allowed to help them 
out, as students are not allowed on the roof) and that I would do it free.  
If they had let me do it, it would have been done probably four or five 
months ago, and would have cost them nothing.  Now they have called and 
told me to stop putting in maintenance cards, because they have the pest 
controllers coming at the end of the week. PEST CONTROLLERS!!!!!! If it was 
another beekeeper, I wouldn't mind, but pest controllers!!!??!!!
It is probably going to cost them hundreds of dollars, involve toxic fumes, 
take a while, and generally endanger peoples lives with angry bees and  
pesticides.  I guess beuracracy is just stupid.
Any one have any ideas about Australian laws concerning the spraying of 
bees??
And would I have any chance with a  restraint of trade suit????
Hmmmm....maybe I should call the R.S.C.P.A.
Adrian.


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Tue Oct 11 21:59:53 EDT 1994
Article: 889 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Wax Moth Prevention (was extracting -- advice needed)
Message-ID: <CxFz2C.Epz@cuug.ab.ca>
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Date: Mon, 10 Oct 1994 05:25:22 GMT
References: <36gnem$r25@sun4.bham.ac.uk> 
 <36hvtk$hpn$1@mhade.production.compuserve.com> 
 <mhg3-0110941243260001@132.236.236.24> 
 <roh033.mah48d-041094121133@136.141.220.39> 
 <CxDu1w.CE@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
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Wax moth is not a problem usually in the country where winters have 
periods well below freezing and the supers are stored in unheated 
buildings over winter.

If problems occur, it is usually in brood chambers and where the combs 
have held some warmth - say due to sun on a wall, and there has been some 
insulating effect -say due to many supers stacked tightly together.

:  I wonder what some of those really big commercial beekeepers out west do?
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                 ARS  VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Tue Oct 11 21:59:54 EDT 1994
Article: 890 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: swarms
Message-ID: <roadent.735.2E98D5E7@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Date: Mon, 10 Oct 1994 05:49:28 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Keywords: what goes?
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I got to thinkin' this mornin'.  It's swarmin' season hereabouts, and I was 
wonderin', what d' bees take withem when they swarm??

I know they all eat lots an lots of honey before they leave, but most of 
this must get used up looking for a new hive site.  Do they forage as they 
go?  Or do they find a site first then start foraging?
If it takes about four times as much (by wieght or volume, I'm not sure 
which) honey to make wax, how are they able to make so much wax so fast?
Do they take any pollen with them, and if not, how soon after they are 
settled are they able to start brood rearing?  If it is the "old" bees and 
queen that leave, is there, like, a generation gap?...I mean, do they have a 
temporary loss in production between when the oldies die out and when the 
youngies are ready to fly?
and I guess most importantly of all...does anybody know (or care) any of 
these answers??
Adrian.


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Wed Oct 12 21:42:02 EDT 1994
Article: 891 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Magnetic attraction
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 1994 11:55:33 GMT
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Lines: 39
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NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-04.cc.monash.edu.au

In article <37asqj$hlv@cantua.canterbury.ac.nz> mark@csc.canterbury.ac.nz (Mark Alexander) writes:

>: with some itch a few days later.  A sting over my eye last
>: night had my eye swollen shut however.  Has anyone else 
>: experienced a more severe reaction depending upon where they
>: were stung?  I'm hoping the eye area is just more sensitive 


I was stung on the neck once, and it gave me hives (seriously!!!)  and hot 
flushes and faint spells.  Another beekeeper suggested later that it may 
have been an allergy to some sort of propolis or pollen.


>: as opposed to my getting allergic.  The stinger was also in
>: there for ~10 minutes as opposed to normal where I scrape it

Yep...I rekon that'd do it.....why was the sting left in that long??


>I'm a amateur beekeeper, in  Christchurch, in the South Island
>of New Zealand.

>I find myself allergic to some bee stings only, not all. 
>Sometimes when I'm stung there's just a small red spot, other
>times it is a proper allergic reaction requiring a visit to the
>doctor and either a strong anti-histamine tablet or asteriod 


I'm sorry???  A what sort of injection???  Sounds astronomicaly expensive...


>So Mike, you might be similar, with reactions to the pollen (?)
>or something else in/on the bees.

I agree that this could change it, but I think as the swelling in this case 
was in the area of the sting, I think it is just because of the quantity of 
venom. 

Adrian.


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Wed Oct 12 21:42:03 EDT 1994
Article: 892 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: european brood disease.
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 1994 12:03:30 GMT
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Summary: what can you tell me??


O.K.  I admit it.  I have a bee disease.  (fortunately, due to my mangement 
techniques it is limited to one hive).  I am just wondering, is multiple 
laying (i.e. two eggs in one cell)  a common symptom of EFB or is it 
possible that I also have a laying worker?
Another possibility I thought of is that the disease has been present for a 
while, and that it has only become aparent because the queen is getting  old 
and weak, which may also account for the laying pattern.   Apart from a few 
cells with two eggs (and patchy brood because it obviously dies) the laying 
pattern seems quite regular.
I would invite any comments.  
My brother wants to destroy the hive to keep our apiary totaly disease free, 
but, as EFB is (legaly) treatable, I am willing to try to keep it going.

Any comments sugestions etc, you know where to find me.  (post here or mail 
to me....whatever.)  
Adrian  (roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au for those of you who DON'T know 
where to find me...)


From nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk Wed Oct 12 21:42:04 EDT 1994
Article: 893 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Need help ending mouse invasions?
Date: 11 Oct 1994 10:51:31 GMT
Organization: University Of St. Andrews
Lines: 31
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In article <1994Oct4.141221.28736@cc.usu.edu>,  <sltqd@cc.usu.edu> wrote:
>Howdy,
>
>I have a question about overwintering hives.  
>
>We have 15 hives that are located in a pasture on a farm here in northern Utah. 
>Every spring at least one of the hives has a mouse nest in the bottom brood
>box.  Earlier this year in June I had mice or voles repeatedly invade one weak
>hive.  

Not a reply, but a related query:

How come the bees don't drive the mice off?  Surely a dozen stings would be
enough to endanger a mouse's life.  I've been puzzled by this for a time (but
not troubled by mice).

...

>Also, for a period of three or so weeks during the winter it reaches 20 degrees
>below zero F.  Has anyone ever insulated their hives or heard anything like
>that?   Would it help if we did?

I keep my hives (up to 4) in my garage - a large wooden shed.  They sit on a
bench and butt up against a kind of tunnel which leads to a hole in the garage
wall.  Ideally there are no bees inside the garage.  It is very handy for
keeping my tools and things to hand.  Also, they are much warmer in winter than
they would be outside (not that it gets that cold here).  The point is, the bees
seem quite happy with the arrangement, and once even swarmed into an empty hive
I had arranged in the garage for just that purpose.

-Norman


From pollinator@aol.com Wed Oct 12 21:42:05 EDT 1994
Article: 894 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Question about processing honey
Date: 11 Oct 1994 15:16:06 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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In article <9410100723591.DLITE.kmdrach@delphi.com>, kmdrach@delphi.com
(Kerry Drach) writes:  <honey stored in a tank> was quite runny, much to
thin for honey.  WHAT DID I DO WRONG?  Any ideas

   Without more info, I cannot guarantee this to be an accurate response
to your
query about thin honey, but this is a possibility for you to consider.
  Honey soaks up water like a sponge. If it is left in an open tank during
humid weather, it will pick up moisture from the air. The time in that
state,
the percentage of humidity, temperature, and surface area exposed to the
air
all are all factors in how much it will add.
   When I have honey in the tank, I leave on a dehumidifyer in warm
weather,
and a little heat in cool weather, which is to keep the air humidity low.
It
is best to pack out as quickly as possible, into sealed containers.
   Incidently, the cappings on comb will also pass a considerable amount
of
water, and unextracted supers should not be left long in humid air either.
I've seen the honey soak up enough water to rupture the cappings. The only
cure here, is to return them to the bees and let them redry and recap. If
the
honey has seriously fermented , it will make the bees sick.
   If this is your problem, after extraction, it is a bit difficult to
fix.
Perhaps for small quantities, a large shallow pan with warmed air blowing
over it. Or you could put it in freezer containers and keep it there until
ready for your own use. Wet honey cannot be bottled for sale, as it will
ferment when kept at room temperature, and it can even explode the jars.

Dave Green, Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, POB 1215,Heminway, SC  29554
Internet:  Pollinator@aol.com



From bbeattie@csc.liv.ac.uk Thu Oct 13 10:47:38 EDT 1994
Article: 895 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bbeattie@csc.liv.ac.uk (B.J.H. Beattie)
Subject: Re: Magnetic attraction
Sender: news@compsci.liverpool.ac.uk (News Eater)
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Mike Killoran (killoran@ll.mit.edu) wrote:

> ps:
> Yesterday I had my hive open at dusk to insert four Apistan 
> strips.  During this procedure three bees managed to get
> under my veil....  well really three _stings_ under my veil.
> My normal reaction to a sting is just some minor local swelling
> with some itch a few days later.  A sting over my eye last
> night had my eye swollen shut however.  Has anyone else 
> experienced a more severe reaction depending upon where they
> were stung?  I'm hoping the eye area is just more sensitive 
> as opposed to my getting allergic.  The stinger was also in
> there for ~10 minutes as opposed to normal where I scrape it
> out right away so this may account for the difference too.
> Don't know how they got under my veil, I'll have to have someone
> look for gaps while I'm wearing it...
> 	
The stinger continues to pump for several seconds after penetration, so if 
you usually scrape it out immediately, you probably don't get the full whack
of venom - and this time, you left it in.

Just a thought.

Try a shirt over your veil (depends on the style of veil, of course...) as it 
may cover the gaps where the bees get in.

Bridget.


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Thu Oct 13 19:34:25 EDT 1994
Article: 896 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: Magnetic attraction
Message-ID: <CxLGon.IE@cuug.ab.ca>
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 1994 04:33:58 GMT
References: <9410051538.PN29619@LL.MIT.EDU> <CxKH06.Bz9@compsci.liverpool.ac.uk>
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: > My normal reaction to a sting is just some minor local swelling
: > with some itch a few days later.  A sting over my eye last
: > night had my eye swollen shut however.  Has anyone else 
: > experienced a more severe reaction depending upon where they
: > were stung?  I'm hoping the eye area is just more sensitive 
: > as opposed to my getting allergic.  The stinger was also in
: > there for ~10 minutes as opposed to normal where I scrape it
: > out right away so this may account for the difference too.

I've found that the first stings of the season bring more swelling, and, 
yes, the part of the body will make a difference.  Around the eyes is 
particularly prone to swelling, even among those of us who think nothing 
of 100 stings in the hands and wrists during a day.

I think that parts of the body that are stung often swell less, but 
unstung parts remain more sensitive - but perhaps that is why we seldom 
permit them to be stung.

Swelling is nor a sign of allergy - unless it occurs at a site remote 
>from  the sting.
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                 ARS  VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From bbeattie@csc.liv.ac.uk Thu Oct 13 19:34:26 EDT 1994
Article: 897 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bbeattie@csc.liv.ac.uk (B.J.H. Beattie)
Subject: Re: bees on toxic plants?
Sender: news@compsci.liverpool.ac.uk (News Eater)
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David 'Igor' Latter (dnl@goanna.cs.rmit.oz.au) wrote:
> I was recently asked about the effect on the honey if bees are able to get
> at toxic plants. Plants, that any part of are very dangerous to humans, must
> flower and produce nectar/pollen. Can anyone comment if this could be a
> problem to look out for? Is it possible to get "toxic" honey from some of
> the more nasty type of plants....?
> Can bees be killed by toxic pollen.... or do they have more sense than us
> humans and avoid the toxic stuff?

> Comments anyone?
                     David

It seems logical that the process by which the plant reproduces would not
have any toxic effects as that would be self-defeating. The plants want to
attract insects for pollination and they wouldn't want to poison them so
I'd guess that the honey would not be toxic..

On the other hand, I suppose they wouldn't want bees to eat the precious 
pollen so .. maybe.. the pollen may be toxic.

I've never heard of toxic plants being a problem, and can't find anything
in my books....They only talk about poisoning of bees from crop spraying.

Just comments.
Bridget



From mike_j2@sfov1.verifone.com Sat Oct 15 00:17:16 EDT 1994
Article: 898 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mike_j2@sfov1.verifone.com (Mike Jaquet, SM2, Auburn, CA)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: that hive in the roof....
Message-ID: <1994Oct12.133231.1646@sfov1.verifone.com>
Date: 12 Oct 94 13:32:30 -0800
References: <roadent.738.2E98E4E5@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
Organization: VeriFone Inc.
Lines: 26

> It is probably going to cost them hundreds of dollars, involve toxic fumes, 
> take a while, and generally endanger peoples lives with angry bees and  
> pesticides.  I guess beuracracy is just stupid.

Rather than complaining to the administration, perhaps instead you could
educate them.  Write a paper on the proper way of bee removal from a building,
explaining about the brood cycle, how a pesticide only usually works on bees
currently moving about in the hive, how the brood will be hatching out over the
next several weeks necessitating many followup visits from the "pest control"
company, and how the field bees are in the field and mainly unaffected by the
pesticide in the hive because they were in the field at the time.  Also explain
how the residual smell or aroma of the wax and brood and honey and pollen will
continue to attract feral colonies or swarms for some time to come until it is
totally removed.  And then possibly inform them of how an allergic sting
reaction affects some people and how, since they are an institution of higher
education, they should have taken the steps to "properly" eradicate the
"problem".  Then offer to present them with a waiver of liability if they let
you take care of the bees and properly remove them.  And possibly, since you
are "just a lowly student"  in the minds of the administrators, contact a 
local professional beekeeper to supervise your removal of the feral colony.

Either that, or go to work part-time for the pest removal people as their
in-house bee expert.

mike_j2     amateur, hobbiest, small time beekeeper



From wgathey@space.honeywell.com Sat Oct 15 00:17:17 EDT 1994
Article: 899 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: wgathey@space.honeywell.com (wgathey)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Need help ending mouse invasions?
Date: 11 Oct 1994 12:12:08 GMT
Organization: Honeywell
Lines: 35
Message-ID: <37dveo$jh1@spacenns.space.honeywell.com>
References: <1994Oct4.141221.28736@cc.usu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: wgathey.space.honeywell.com
X-Newsreader: WinVN version 0.82

In article <1994Oct4.141221.28736@cc.usu.edu>, sltqd@cc.usu.edu says:

>My question is this:  is there any way to stop the mice from moving
>into my hives short of moving them in from the fields or putting pesticide near
>the hives (we have a lot of overwintering raptors and other predators)?
>Also, for a period of three or so weeks during the winter it reaches 20 degrees
>below zero F.  Has anyone ever insulated their hives or heard anything like
>that?   Would it help if we did?
>Thanks,
>Todd Seamons

Try laying  two 4X4s parallel and spaced about 1 foot apart up on top of  buckets or
something that mice cannot climb.  It also has to be high enough that mice cannot 
jump too.  I also use concrete blocks with a sheet of metal between the layers to
deter mice and ants.  I'm sure there are many combinations pipes, etc.  to set the 
4X4s on.
Also try closing down the entrance to the small hole should help or cover the 
entrance with small mesh wire that the bees can go through but a mouse could not.

As for insulating the hives in the winter, temperature is not a problem in Florida.
I hope someone in frigid climates can help you with that question.

Hope this helps,

Bill

===============================================================================

 Bill Athey - AA4WE                       Internet: wgathey@space.honeywell.com
 Honeywell Inc.                           Packet:   aa4we@w4dph.fl.usa.na
 Space Systems Division                   Phone:    (813) 539-2913
 13350 U. S. Highway 19 North, MS 887-3   FAX:      (813) 539-3859
 Clearwater, Florida 34624-7290

===============================================================================


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Sat Oct 15 00:17:18 EDT 1994
Article: 900 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Bee Sting, Allergy, Bee Venom FAQ Challenge!
Message-ID: <Cxo2Fo.F45@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Summary: Answering all these questions! 
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 1994 14:18:59 GMT
Lines: 18


 From bee-l:

 Would someone or a few people collaborate and get bee sting allergy
information into a neat FAQ so that these Frequently Asked Questions
about bee stings, reactions, allergies etc, will be answered?
 sci.agriculture.beekeeping had a thread on this a few months back- 
maybe those people would whip up the allergy/venom FAQ?
 Colonies are slowing down here in Virginia, queens are laying their last
flush of eggs, or have stopped on the tail end of a nice Aster flow.
(I wrote it)

 Who dares to grab this Chimera? How about it? Who can do this well without
gloves?
-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From pollinator@aol.com Sat Oct 15 00:17:19 EDT 1994
Article: 901 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!newstf01.cr1.aol.com!newsbf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Free Virgin Queens
Date: 11 Oct 1994 15:27:04 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 29
Sender: news@newsbf01.news.aol.com
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In article <CxIB1A.MyI@nntpa.cb.att.com>, mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com
(-verville d.f.) writes:

>Did anyone notice the advertisement in the October Bee Culture
>for free queens?
>The ad says five free if you pay postage.
>The ad says the queens are virgins.

>Is introducing a virgin queen the same as a mated queen?

Sounds like a prank to me. By the time they are sent through the mail,
they are past any use.
  Virgin queens can be used, but only if done quickly. A virgin must mate
within a few days after emergence, or her chance is gone forever, and she
is worthless. If someone cages a virgin, she must go into a hive or nuc
very quickly, so she will have opportunity for mating flights.

Newly hatched virgins can be run in at the entrance, and will hardly be
noticed by the bees. There is no problem with acceptance, as with mated
queens. Older virgins seem to have more odor, thus less acceptance, but,
if you cage them, they may not be released in time for the mandatory
mating flights.
   When we are rearing queens, and sometimes cannot get all the cells in
the nucs in time, we just run the hatched virgins into the nucs. But it is
a race when you have 40 hatching cells and not enough nucs ready. They
will destroy each other, so they must be separated.

Dave Green, Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, POB 1215, Hemingway, SC
Internet:   Pollinator@aol.com


From bugman23@aol.com Sat Oct 15 00:17:20 EDT 1994
Article: 902 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!MathWorks.Com!yeshua.marcam.com!uunet!newstf01.cr1.aol.com!newsbf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: bugman23@aol.com (BUGMAN23)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Insects and Arthropods Wanted
Date: 13 Oct 1994 16:15:04 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 15
Sender: news@newsbf01.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <37k4g8$e66@newsbf01.news.aol.com>

The Philadelphia Insectarium is a combination museum and arthropod zoo. 
We currently maintain over 100 live species of insects and arachnids.
We are interesting in obtainging livestock of any showy arthropod species,
but ideally species we can keep in culture.  We are especially interested
in obtaining stick insects, phasmids, coloeptera, lepidoptera, large
myriapods, blattodea, mantodea, and hemiptera.  
Can buy or trade for our livestock.

				Anthony Pietrak and Roger Ricco
				Bugman23@aol.com
				The Philadelphia Insectarium
				8046 Frankford Ave.
				Phila, PA  19136
				215-338-3000



From mark@csc.canterbury.ac.nz Sun Oct 16 21:34:21 EDT 1994
Article: 903 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!paperboy.wellfleet.com!noc.near.net!MathWorks.Com!yeshua.marcam.com!usc!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!ames!waikato!canterbury.ac.nz!kaki!mark
From: mark@csc.canterbury.ac.nz (Mark Alexander)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: bees on toxic plants?
Date: 14 Oct 1994 07:52:53 GMT
Organization: University of Canterbury
Lines: 25
Message-ID: <37ldcl$m7l@cantua.canterbury.ac.nz>
References: <36sphv$arf@goanna.cs.rmit.oz.au> <CxM967.1IC@compsci.liverpool.ac.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: kaki.canterbury.ac.nz
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]

B.J.H. Beattie (bbeattie@csc.liv.ac.uk) wrote:

: It seems logical that the process by which the plant reproduces would not
: have any toxic effects as that would be self-defeating. The plants want to
: attract insects for pollination and they wouldn't want to poison them so
: I'd guess that the honey would not be toxic..

: On the other hand, I suppose they wouldn't want bees to eat the precious 
: pollen so .. maybe.. the pollen may be toxic.

: I've never heard of toxic plants being a problem, and can't find anything
: in my books....They only talk about poisoning of bees from crop spraying.

: Just comments.
: Bridget

I've has it said to me that honey produced when the bees are foaging 
on rhododendron plants is toxic to humans. That is its okay, no effect to
the bees but not so good for us. I don't know who true this is but it 
concerns me as a university nursery near my hive (approx 2 kilometres)
breeds rhododendrons.

any further comments?
Mark A. Alexander



From roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com Sun Oct 16 21:34:22 EDT 1994
Article: 904 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsfeed.pitt.edu!ctc.com!news.pop.psu.edu!news.cac.psu.edu!newsserver.jvnc.net!rohvm1!roh033.mah48d
Nntp-Posting-Host: 136.141.220.39
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 1994 12:39:10 -0400
From: roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: world
Subject: Re: Need help ending mouse invasions?
Message-ID: <roh033.mah48d-141094122958@136.141.220.39>
References: <1994Oct4.141221.28736@cc.usu.edu> <37dqnj$ivb@calvin.st-and.ac.uk>
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 39

In article <37dqnj$ivb@calvin.st-and.ac.uk>, nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman
R. Paterson) wrote:

> >Every spring at least one of the hives has a mouse nest in the bottom brood
> >box.  Earlier this year in June I had mice or voles repeatedly invade one weak
> >hive.

>
> How come the bees don't drive the mice off?  Surely a dozen stings would be
> enough to endanger a mouse's life.  I've been puzzled by this for a time (but
> not troubled by mice).

I recall an account (here on the Internet?  From a local beekeeper?  In a
journal?  Don't recall the source) of a beekeeper noticing three little
mouse tails sticking out from under the hive entrance, quite still, and no
disturbance in the hive.  He banged on the side of the hive to wake things
up, and three mice came blasting out of the hive with bees all over them!
Apparently mice can sneak in if they're cool about it, and hang out taking
advantage of the warmth and food for the winter.  They only get attacked if
the bees get upset and go looking for something to hassle.

>
> >Also, for a period of three or so weeks during the winter it reaches 20
> >degrees below zero F.  Has anyone ever insulated their hives or heard
> >anything like that?   Would it help if we did?
>
> I keep my hives (up to 4) in my garage - a large wooden shed.  They sit
> on a bench and butt up against a kind of tunnel which leads to a hole in
> the garage wall.  Ideally there are no bees inside the garage.

I do recall that this was published in one of the bee journals.  Someone
ran a comparative study of hives in the northern part of the US, some
wrapped with insulation and covered with a wrap of roofing paper, and the
others uninsulated.  As I recall, he discovered little difference in
survival rate for the two groups.  The sample was, however, small, so
others might profit from repeating it.

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From chowe@cthoneybee.win.net Sun Oct 16 21:34:22 EDT 1994
Article: 905 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!malgudi.oar.net!witch!cthoneybee!chowe
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Message-ID: <299@cthoneybee.win.net>
Reply-To: chowe@cthoneybee.win.net (Charles Howe)
From: chowe@cthoneybee.win.net (Charles Howe)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 1994 18:53:30 GMT
Subject: You Can't Take That to the Bank - Beekeeping Philosophy
Lines: 59

The following story was first published in the Connecticut Honey Bee
in February 1994. Several people have suggested that I post it to
this newsgroup. Although not all of us are Christians, as Norm is, I
think there is a message for us all.    
       Chuck Howe 

   -----------------------------------------
  | Chuck Howe - Editor                     |
  | Connecticut Honey Bee                   | 
  | INTERNET - CHOWE@CTHONEYBEE.WIN.NET     |
   -----------------------------------------
   
YOU CAN'T TAKE THAT TO THE BANK
- Norm Farmer -

My church friends tell me I should not gamble. My answer to them
might be something like, "if I can't gamble I will have to stop
beekeeping, because it is for sure a gamble." My friends like the
honey I present to them from time to time so maybe they will call
beekeeping not a gamble but, "a risky worth while endeavor." the only
real worth while gamble is when you win at least, most of the time.

With beekeeping I feel most of the time this is indeed the case, but
many times we can't take our winnings to the bank because they are
not in the form of cash money. However, the rewards are really great
at times, like when we see a child's honey filled mouth attempting to
smile. When you ask the child if the honey is good, they might just
say something that sounds like "yum, yum".  Your honey couldn't
possibly get a better complement than that. Or, maybe when I
demonstrated the workings of a colony of bees to a young lad. When
it was over he could think of only one thing to tell his Mom and Dad.
"I found the queen! I found the queen! The queen of England could
not have rated such importance. The glitter from the crown could not
make his eyes light up more.  Yes, he found the queen and he ate
some honey and in one hour he was about two inches taller. he now
stands stout. He has a constant smile on his face. What a man. He
found the queen.

When I walked the young lad to the bee yard I walked under the low
hanging limb of a tree. When we returned from the bee yard I hit my
head on that same limb. The limb didn't seem to be that low before.
Do you think maybe I also grew a little or maybe I was just walking
tall for a while. I know I felt rich or maybe I felt blessed. Yes, I
have been blessed over and over. I work close to nature which I
dearly love and I look forward to one day seeing the King of Kings.
That's why I have a smile on my face. You see I am very rich. I'm a
beekeeper and I love what I do. We can't take all this to the bank
because its much better than money or gold. The bank's money can only
fill our needs for a little while. What I have is forevr. Yes, I am a
beekeeper, a very rich beekeeper and most of all "I found the King."

Want to get rich quick? Get some bees and a bible, study both and
just let the rest happen. Let's get back to the important things. Let's
give credit where credit is due. Let's remember the source of all our
blessings.

Thank you and God bless. Norm Farmer.
 
 



From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Sun Oct 16 21:34:23 EDT 1994
Article: 906 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: Need help ending mouse invasions?
Message-ID: <CxqEEL.ErC@cuug.ab.ca>
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 1994 20:32:44 GMT
References: <1994Oct4.141221.28736@cc.usu.edu> <37dqnj$ivb@calvin.st-and.ac.uk> <roh033.mah48d-141094122958@136.141.220.39>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL0]
Lines: 45

: > >Also, for a period of three or so weeks during the winter it reaches 20
: > >degrees below zero F.  Has anyone ever insulated their hives or heard
: > >anything like that?   Would it help if we did?
: >
: > I keep my hives (up to 4) in my garage - a large wooden shed.  They sit
: > on a bench and butt up against a kind of tunnel which leads to a hole in
: > the garage wall.  Ideally there are no bees inside the garage.

Up here in the Great White North, most of us wrap our bees.  Sometimes we
don't have to, but we never know until after if it was necessary.  Some
winters are mild and things are just right and the wrapping isn't
necessary. 

Hives that have to endure longish periods of dearth accompanied by cold 
weather can benefit from insulation.

When I kept two queen colonies, I didn't wrap and the hives came through 
fairly well, but when I switched to single queens, I had losses up to 
100% in some yards.

Average strength and weaker colonies in particular will survive with much 
greater certainty if wrapped.  The insulation on the top is the most 
important.  We use a one inch kodel blanket sewn from tarp material 
wrapped around the sides of four hives crowded together.  A pillow of 
kodel scraps is place on top and a piece of plywood is tied on to 
complete the package.  In the southern areas, just a tarpaper or black 
plastic wrap with a little insulation on the lid helps protect the equipment 
and bees from weather.

Controlled ventillation is important too.  Bees generate a lot of water
vapour and C02, consuming honey.  We use an upper entrance of a 1 inch
auger hole or 3/8 by 1 1/2 inch slit in the inner cover as a breathing
hole. 

Survival using this method is consistently about 85 - 95%, which is good,
considering the hives are not fall checked for queens etc, and the winter
period is from November through the end of March, with temperatures down
to minus 40 for days on end. A person is lucky to average that survival
rate over a summer with no hive checks and maintenance work. 

Hope this helps - If not ask again.
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                 ARS  VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From mdudley@brbbs.brbbs.com Sun Oct 16 21:34:24 EDT 1994
Article: 907 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!goldsword!brbbs!news
From: mdudley@brbbs.brbbs.com (Marshall Dudley)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: bees on toxic plants?
Message-ID: <WAF2PCB889917498@brbbs.brbbs.com>
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 1994 16:58 -0500 (EST)
Reply-To: mdudley@brbbs.brbbs.com
Lines: 18

mark@csc.canterbury.ac.nz (Mark Alexander) writes:
 
-> I've has it said to me that honey produced when the bees are foaging
-> on rhododendron plants is toxic to humans. That is its okay, no effect to
-> the bees but not so good for us. I don't know who true this is but it
-> concerns me as a university nursery near my hive (approx 2 kilometres)
-> breeds rhododendrons.
->
-> any further comments?
-> Mark A. Alexander
 
Having kept bees for many years, I thought that there was no such thing as
poisonous honey.  Poison ivy honey is said to be quite good.  However just
last week I read in the Sunday Paper that Rhododendron honey is quite toxic,
and should be avoided.  So it must either be true, or at least quite widely
accepted as fact.
 
                                                             Marshall


From pollinator@aol.com Sun Oct 16 21:34:25 EDT 1994
Article: 908 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!uunet!newstf01.cr1.aol.com!newsbf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: european brood disease.
Date: 12 Oct 1994 23:23:12 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 21
Sender: news@newsbf01.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <37i970$eh@newsbf01.news.aol.com>
References: <roadent.742.2E9A7F12@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf01.news.aol.com

In article <roadent.742.2E9A7F12@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>,
roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent) writes:

>My brother wants to destroy the hive to keep our apiary totaly disease
free, 
>but, as EFB is (legaly) treatable, I am willing to try to keep it going.

>Any comments sugestions etc, you know where to find me.  (post here or
mail 
>to me....whatever.) 

   I haven't  seen any EFB this year. I used to have quite a bit of it.
   I believe the weakness is often genetic, so requeening with good stock
is a good idea. Also, it is a stress disease like chalkbrood.  I have seen
hives with both diseases, plus sacbrood, all at the same time. Last year I
sent in one sample that had EFB and tracheal mites. The lab also found
paralysis (a virus).  To me, this is all evidence of bees that are
generally weak. There may be a synergistic effect between mites and other
diseases as well.  
I recommend requeening as the most important curative step, also feeding
some syrup to help with general stress,  and treating with terra.


From rchamman@wheel.ucdavis.edu Sun Oct 16 21:34:25 EDT 1994
Article: 909 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!news.ucdavis.edu!wheel!rchamman
From: rchamman@wheel.ucdavis.edu (Rebecca Hammann)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: observation hives
Date: 16 Oct 1994 23:19:14 GMT
Organization: Davis Community Network - Davis, California, USA
Lines: 10
Message-ID: <37scdi$mpo@mark.ucdavis.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: wheel.ucdavis.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

I built an observation hive for my school and am having a difficult time 
keeping my bees from swarming.  I get conflicting info about the 
viability of these hives.  The hive is 4 frames high and is located in 
the foothills of California.  Any ideas?

--
***************************************************************************
			Rebecca Hammann
			dcn - rchamman@wheel.ucdavis.edu
***************************************************************************


From gt6861c@prism.gatech.edu Sun Oct 16 23:11:05 EDT 1994
Article: 910 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!gt-news!prism!prism!not-for-mail
From: gt6861c@prism.gatech.edu (Roger Khoury)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Help, MY BEES ARE DYING.
Date: 16 Oct 1994 22:01:26 -0400
Organization: Georgia Institute of Technology
Lines: 43
Sender: gt6861c@prism.gatech.edu
Message-ID: <37sltm$rms@acmey.gatech.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: acmey.gatech.edu

Many thanks for giving me your attention

It has been about ten days now, my bees crawl out of their hives and die
outside, from eight I only left with one, it is also dying.

All the others hives have been occupied by Yellow Jackets and Wasps. I don't
know how to help them.

I contacted a doctor (Jerk) we did not know how to help, and now he
deosn't return my phone calls. I called the company that sold me the hives
and paid for a medicine it has been eight days nothing arrived yet, even
they expressed their willingness to sell me more it seems they are waiting
for what i have to die.

I had them for long time, and after I eat their honey it is deppressing
not to help them they were great to me, all the people i know are not
helping.

If any of you guys know what i can do to slow their death rate until I get
a proper medicine, that will be great.

If you know how to cure them,

If you know which company to contact for medicine,

If you had previous experience how to evade it in the future,

If you know what is this sickness named,

Anything to help them i will be greatfull to you, I will send money to you
or honey but i wan't to help them before they all die.

Your early reply would be greatly appreciated.

Many thanks.

Roger Khoury
gt6861c@prism.gatech.edu
-- 
Roger Khoury
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!prism!gt6861c
Internet: gt6861c@prism.gatech.edu


From moroney@world.std.com Mon Oct 17 09:51:23 EDT 1994
Article: 911 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!MathWorks.Com!uhog.mit.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!world!moroney
From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: bees on toxic plants?
Message-ID: <5r7ekaE96JgV071yn@world.std.com>
Sender: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
References: <WAF2PCB889917498@brbbs.brbbs.com>
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 1994 01:09:25 GMT
Lines: 26

In article <WAF2PCB889917498@brbbs.brbbs.com>,
mdudley@brbbs.brbbs.com (Marshall Dudley) wrote:
> mark@csc.canterbury.ac.nz (Mark Alexander) writes:
>  
> -> I've has it said to me that honey produced when the bees are foaging
> -> on rhododendron plants is toxic to humans. That is its okay, no effect to
> -> the bees but not so good for us. I don't know who true this is but it
> -> concerns me as a university nursery near my hive (approx 2 kilometres)
> -> breeds rhododendrons.
> ->
> -> any further comments?
> -> Mark A. Alexander
>  
> Having kept bees for many years, I thought that there was no such thing as
> poisonous honey.  Poison ivy honey is said to be quite good.  However just
> last week I read in the Sunday Paper that Rhododendron honey is quite toxic,
> and should be avoided.  So it must either be true, or at least quite widely
> accepted as fact.

I have heard mountain laurel honey (related to rhododendron) is toxic but
bees don't care for its nectar/pollen so don't work it if there's anything
else available.  This is good since I have plenty of mountain laurel around
here yet I have never seen a honeybee interested in them.  Dandelion blooms
at the same time.

-Mike


From will.duckworth@delta.com Mon Oct 17 23:14:48 EDT 1994
Article: 912 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: FREE VIRGIN QUEENS
From: will.duckworth@delta.com (Will Duckworth)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!deltacom!will.duckworth
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <ac.80.7829.0N0E3645@delta.com>
References: <CxIB1A.MyI@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 94 18:49:00 -0500
Organization: deltaComm Online :: 919-481-9399 v.32bis
Lines: 17

MM> Did anyone notice the advertisement in the October Bee Culture
MM> for free queens?
MM> The ad says five free if you pay postage.
MM> The ad says the queens are virgins.

I'd be careful (ie. mites, disease, etc). Where is the breeder? (ie. state / 
country)

MM> Is introducing a virgin queen the same as a mated queen?

If the question is would you do it the same way? Well, that depends if your old 
queen is dead - they don't take to well to _newbies_ <g>. Queen would still 
have to get mated - no promises there.

Will
will.duckworth@delta.com
 * RM 1.3 02504 * If you think too fast you'll fall down.


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Mon Oct 17 23:14:49 EDT 1994
Article: 913 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!uunet!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Help, MY BEES ARE DYING.
Message-ID: <CxtDI0.HvI@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <37sltm$rms@acmey.gatech.edu>
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 1994 11:06:00 GMT
Lines: 9

 Georgia has a very good Apiary inspection service. 
Before anyone else messes with you, why don't you try talking to a bee
inspector or your state apiarist.
 If you need help finding these #'s let me know.
Adam
-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From moore901@raven.csrv.uidaho.edu Thu Oct 20 11:38:33 EDT 1994
Article: 914 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!news.uoregon.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!owl.csrv.uidaho.edu!raven.csrv.uidaho.edu!moore901
From: moore901@raven.csrv.uidaho.edu (Moore Chad)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Wax Moth Prevention (was extracting -- advice needed)
Date: 17 Oct 1994 16:01:44 GMT
Organization: University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho
Lines: 19
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <37u758$hu3@owl.csrv.uidaho.edu>
References: <36gnem$r25@sun4.bham.ac.uk> <36hvtk$hpn$1@mhade.production.compuserve.com> <mhg3-0110941243260001@132.236.236.24> <roh033.mah48d-041094121133@136.141.220.39> <CxDu1w.CE@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU> <CxFz2C.Epz@cuug.ab.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: raven.csrv.uidaho.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Allen Dick 546-2588 (dicka@cuug.ab.ca) wrote:
> Wax moth is not a problem usually in the country where winters have 
> periods well below freezing and the supers are stored in unheated 
> buildings over winter.

> If problems occur, it is usually in brood chambers and where the combs 
> have held some warmth - say due to sun on a wall, and there has been some 
> insulating effect -say due to many supers stacked tightly together.

> :  I wonder what some of those really big commercial beekeepers out west do?
> -- 
> W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                 ARS  VE6CFK
> Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
> Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA

We are a fairly good sized commercial beekeeper out west, and we just 
burn a sulfer compound in the shop where we keep the hives.  We do this 
roughly about every two weeks, it kills the wax moths and keeps our hives 
clean.


From kmdrach@delphi.com Thu Oct 20 11:38:34 EDT 1994
Article: 915 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!caen!zip.eecs.umich.edu!yeshua.marcam.com!news.mathworks.com!news2.near.net!news.delphi.com!kmdrach
From: kmdrach@delphi.com (Kerry Drach)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Thin honey: Mystery is solved!
Date: 17 Oct 1994 20:15:30 GMT
Organization: Delphi Internet Services Corporation
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <9410171610591.DLITE.kmdrach@delphi.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1b.delphi.com
X-To: Kerry Drach <kmdrach@delphi.com>

I want to thank everyone (Dave, Adam, and Mark; hope I didn't forget anyone)
who responded to my query about thin honey.  I really appreciate the thought
you all put into my problem.  As it turns out, the problem was simple.  I
had put the honey in a container which I then placed in a hot water bath
in order to raise the temperature to remove air bubbles.  As it turned out,
unbeknownst to me, the holding container had a substantial leak, and the
hot water seeped in.  My honey was watery because it was full of water!  

I guess I will gradually learn the ins and outs of beekeeping.  I am
relieved to know what the problem was.  Now I am thinking of returning the
thin honey to the bees as they need food over the next few months.  Is there
anything wrong with that plan? 

Kerry Drach
Portland, Maine
<KMDRACH@delphi.com> 



From altabios@bham.ac.uk Thu Oct 20 11:38:35 EDT 1994
Article: 916 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!warwick!bham!usenet
From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Help, MY BEES ARE DYING.
Date: 18 Oct 1994 12:29:36 GMT
Organization: The University of Birmingham, UK
Lines: 7
Message-ID: <380f3g$3fk@sun4.bham.ac.uk>
References: <37sltm$rms@acmey.gatech.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bcs118.bham.ac.uk
X-Newsreader: WinVN version 0.80

In article <37sltm$rms@acmey.gatech.edu>, gt6861c@prism.gatech.edu (Roger Khoury) says:
>

Never had that sort of a problem before.
Have the hives been treated with something? If so it's most probably the cause.
Can't think of any bee disease that would kill all of them off that quickly.
See if there is any brood, if not, you were sold sub-quality stock.


From altabios@bham.ac.uk Thu Oct 20 11:38:36 EDT 1994
Article: 917 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!warwick!bham!usenet
From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: observation hives
Date: 18 Oct 1994 12:40:29 GMT
Organization: The University of Birmingham, UK
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <380fnt$3fk@sun4.bham.ac.uk>
References: <37scdi$mpo@mark.ucdavis.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bcs118.bham.ac.uk
X-Newsreader: WinVN version 0.80

In article <37scdi$mpo@mark.ucdavis.edu>, rchamman@wheel.ucdavis.edu (Rebecca Hammann) says:


Having just typed the latter part of this message I have just realised that an observation
hive is just single frames stacked one above the other. The bees are simply short of
space, I suspect that there isn't much you can do.

(this is the message I originally typed) ......

The bees could well be short of brood space. My understanding is that when
the workers can't find enough space in the brood chamber, they decide it is time
to swarm, to find that extra space elsewhere.
What I do is to put a super with empty frames under the brood chamber. In a good year
the bees will fill the empty frames with comb and it gives them the extra space they want
The comb is removed in very early spring, ready for the next season.
I have used this for 10 years and it seems to work very well in reducing swarming.
spring.


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Thu Oct 20 11:38:37 EDT 1994
Article: 918 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!yeshua.marcam.com!hookup!cato.Direct.CA!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Where do you live?
Sender: usenet@cuug.ab.ca
Message-ID: <CxvxtF.Hw0@cuug.ab.ca>
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 1994 20:20:03 GMT
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL0]
Lines: 23

Hi, Beekeepers!

Thanks to all of you with .signature files that explain where you are.

When questions about bees are asked - as they often are, the location of
the beekeeper and the hives is going to affect the likely explanation a
lot.  If your location is obvious, many more people will answer than if 
they have to have to research where exactly you might be first.

Are you in Equador, Antarctica, USA, or where.  Is it summer or winter?  
Spring or fall?

Sometimes the email address doesn't explain much and even if the email 
address gives a location, are you actually there, or half a world away?

TIA

Allen

-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                 ARS  VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk Thu Oct 20 11:38:38 EDT 1994
Article: 919 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uknet!strath-cs!st-and!nrp
From: nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: You Can't Take That to the Bank - Beekeeping Philosophy
Date: 19 Oct 1994 08:27:59 GMT
Organization: University Of St. Andrews
Lines: 8
Message-ID: <382laf$oem@calvin.st-and.ac.uk>
References: <299@cthoneybee.win.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: honey.st-andrews.ac.uk

In article <299@cthoneybee.win.net>,
Charles Howe <chowe@cthoneybee.win.net> wrote:

[sickly story and preaching deleted]

This sort of stuff makes me want to vomit.

-Norman


From smp@daneel.rdt.monash.edu.au Thu Oct 20 11:38:39 EDT 1994
Article: 920 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!caen!msuinfo!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!daneel.rdt.monash.edu.au!smp
From: smp@daneel.rdt.monash.edu.au (Steven Psaradellis)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Sorry about that!
Date: 20 Oct 1994 06:53:14 GMT
Organization: Monash University
Lines: 5
Message-ID: <38544q$3cq@harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au>
NNTP-Posting-Host: daneel.rdt.monash.edu.au
X-NNTP-Posting-User: smp

I apologise for the previous forwarding of an article

I pressed the wrong key! ;^)

Stelios


From rdippold@qualcomm.com Thu Oct 20 11:38:40 EDT 1994
Article: 921 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!uunet!bounce-back
From: rdippold@qualcomm.com (Ron "Asbestos" Dippold)
Newsgroups: news.announce.newgroups,news.groups,bionet.biology.tropical,bionet.general,rec.backcountry,rec.birds,rec.gardens,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping,sci.bio,sci.bio.ecology,sci.bio.ethology,sci.bio.evolution
Subject: RESULT: sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera passes 212:21
Supersedes: <sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera-CFV2@uunet.uu.net>
Followup-To: news.groups
Date: 19 Oct 1994 17:37:48 -0400
Organization: Usenet Volunteer Votetakers
Lines: 387
Sender: tale@uunet.uu.net
Approved: tale@uunet.uu.net
Message-ID: <sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera-RESULT@uunet.uu.net>
References: <sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera-RFD1@uunet.uu.net> <sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera-CFV1@uunet.uu.net> <sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera-CFV2@uunet.uu.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rodan.uu.net
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu news.announce.newgroups:4984 news.groups:97195 bionet.biology.tropical:232 bionet.general:10685 rec.backcountry:57165 rec.birds:13140 rec.gardens:46354 sci.agriculture:1919 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:921 sci.bio:18566 sci.bio.ecology:6516 sci.bio.ethology:1122 sci.bio.evolution:2174

				RESULT
    unmoderated group sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera passes 212:21

There were 212 YES votes and 21 NO votes, for a total of 233 valid votes.

For group passage, YES votes must be at least 2/3 of all valid (YES and NO)
votes.   There also must be at least 100 more YES votes than NO votes. 

There is a five day discussion period after these results are posted.  If no
serious allegations of voting irregularities are raised, the moderator of
news.announce.newgroups will create the group shortly thereafter.


Newsgroups line:
sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera  Lepidoptera (Butterflies & Moths).

This vote is being conducted by a neutral third party.  For voting
questions only contact rdippold@qualcomm.com.  For questions about the
proposed group contact Christopher Majka <nextug@ac.dal.ca>


CHARTER

Preamble
-------- 

Sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera is an unmoderated newsgroup to provide
a forum for the discussion of all aspects of lepidoptera (butterflies
and moths) and topics pertaining to them both on an amateur and
professional level.

It is *not* intended as a forum for commercial transactions with
respect to lepidoptera.

Sphere of Interest
------------------

Sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera is dedicated to the observation, study,
history, art, photography, conservation, rearing, and responsible
collecting of butterflies and moths. It also welcomes discussions and
inquires which pertain to the ecology, behavior, systematics,
taxonomy, evolution and other spheres of the biology of
lepidoptera. Examples of the above might include:

* Observation: If you observe butterflies and moths, this group is a
place where you can share information on interesting sightings, and
find out about sites to visit and museum exhibits.

* Study: Whether you're a high school science student making a
presentation for your science class, an entomology graduate student
specializing in Lepidoptera, or a farmer or gardener concerned about
caterpillars eating your crops, sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera.can be
used as a resource for learning.

* History: The history of the study of lepidoptera includes many
interesting personalities, debates, books, theories, etc. If you are
interested in this sphere of the history of science, this forum can be
a place where you can share your knowledge and make inquires on topics
of interest.

* Art: Many cultures have an appreciation of the beauty of butterflies
and moths. If you have an interest in butterfly images in art, music,
or literature this is a place where you can discuss your interests.

* Photography: The photography of butterflies and moths is an area
which is growing more popular. If you have ideas or inquiries about
cameras, lenses, films and other photographic techniques as they
pertain to lepidoptera, sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera can be a forum
to discuss these.

* Conservation: Many species of butterflies and moths have become
threatened by habitat destruction. Conservation can include everything
>from  legislative efforts to the simple expedient of growing
caterpillar food plants in your garden. Discussions of conservation
policy are welcome.

* Rearing: Butterfly-gardening and caterpillar-rearing are are
becoming ever more popular. Sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera is a place
to learn rearing techniques from others involved in the practice.

* Responsible collecting: When made for educational or research
purposes, insect collections can have an important role. Collecting
sites and techniques can be discussed on this newsgroup. We encourage
participating collectors to obey wildlife regulations, to be aware of
which species in their areas are threatened or endangered, and to
avoid collecting on private property or in restricted areas without
prior permission.  Efforts to encourage trespassing or to subvert
conservation laws are emphatically NOT welcome on this newsgroup. All
participants are expected to respect the environment and the law.

Sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera is not intended as a forum for the
buying and selling of insect specimens nor as a venue for commercial
collectors to advertise their wares. Collectors who wish to do so
should communicate through private EMail.

* The Biology of Lepidoptera: while not intended as a substitute for
professional entomological journals, sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera
does encourage scientific discussions which deal with aspects of the
ecology, behavior, systematics, taxonomy, genetics, evolution and
other areas of lepidopteran biology. We hope that
sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera can be a place where amateur and
professional lepidopterists can rub electronic shoulders to their
mutual benefit.

* In order to facilitate access to this newsgroup to as broad an
Internet constituency as possible, arrangements are underway to
provide a gated mailing list for the group so that interested parties
who do not have Usenet access can also participate. It is our hope
that such a facility will also include archiving and indexing
capabilities.

* If participants are so inclined sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera may
develop FAQ's which address topics in different spheres of the study
of lepidoptera. Examples might include:

* Design of butterfly gardens and plants which attract lepidoptera.
* Techniques of collecting preparing, preserving and photographing lepidoptera.
* Suppliers of equipment related to the study of butterflies and moths.
* Lists of books and journals related to lepidoptera.
* Electronic resources (WWW & Gopher servers, FTP archives, Listservers, etc.) 
  related to the study of lepidoptera.
* Environmental and other regulations pertaining to the collecting of 
  lepidoptera.
* Information on the rearing of lepidoptera.

RATIONALE
---------

At present, there are no other newsgroups where discussion pertaining
to this topic can properly occur. The pre-existing entomology
Listervers, <entomo-l@vm.UOGUELPH.ca> & <entomo-l@ubvm.bitnet> are
general in their entomological interest and do not focus specifically
on lepidoptera. This Usenet group would be a natural outgrowth of the
recently established Lepidoptera Listserver <Leps.@kaiwan.com>.

Over the past few months there has been a considerable degree of
interest expressed by professional and amateur lepidopterists in
creating a forum for the discussion of all topics which pertain to the
study of lepidoptera (butterflies and moths). The consensus seems to
be that a Usenet Group would be the preferred vehicle of expressing
this interest. We, the proponents, issued a formal RFD in July and
have received an overwhelmingly positive response to it. Therefore we
are continuing the process and are calling a formal Call For Votes
(CFV) with respect to the creation of sci.bio.entomology.
lepidoptera.


sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera Final Vote Ack

Voted Yes
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2566vmatt@umbsky.cc.umb.edu                                                   
74277.3230@CompuServe.COM                                         Donald Frack
@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu:JMA@lal                  JULIO M. ARIAS, U. OF FLORIDA - CRE
aa095@cfn.cs.dal.ca                                              Peter Payzant
aa984@cfn.cs.dal.ca                                              Sheilagh Hunt
aa995@cfn.cs.dal.ca                                                Diane Moore
aa999@cfn.cs.dal.ca                                            Barbara Richman
acarmichae@wcupa.edu                                     Carmichael, Alison G.
ae779@lafn.org                                              Pierre A Plauzoles
AHEDINGT@KENTVM.KENT.EDU                                         a.b.hedington
Anthony_Ashlee@FINANCIAL-AID.ucsd.edu                                         
aow@MPA-Garching.MPG.DE                                          Arno G. Weiss
ashley@mwsc.edu                                                   David Ashley
barb@forsci.ualberta.ca                                              Barb Beck
bcy1@midway.uchicago.edu                                        Benjamin Young
bidam@flinders.edu.au                                        Dr. Duncan Mackay
birchall@pilot.njin.net                                           Dan Birchall
blkorbe@gw.PacBell.COM                                              B Korbelik
blm@halcyon.com                                              Brian L. Matthews
BMB@biosci.umtri.umich.edu                                     Bruce M. Bowman
bonham@jade.ab.ca                                                  Mike Bonham
brewer@badlands.NoDak.edu                                        Gary J Brewer
butrfly@cml.com                                                               
bvigneau@edcen.ehhs.cmich.edu                                  Bruce Vigneault
C.Peppiatt@lut.ac.uk                                                C Peppiatt
cafox513@CERF.NET                                               Charles A. Fox
cah13@cornell.edu                                              Cheryl A. Heinz
camara@horton.Colorado.EDU                                         Mark Camara
carlson@cap.gwu.edu                                            Eric C. Carlson
catseye@netcom.com                                              Mark Kupferman
celiogai@student.msu.edu                                          Gail J Celio
chaniot@pacific.pacific.net                                     George Chaniot
CLAYTON_J@usp.ac.fj                                               John Clayton
coin@NIEHS.NIH.GOV                                                    Coin.Pat
conway@selway.umt.edu                                        Courtney J Conway
Corey@osuunx.ucc.okstate.edu                                                  
cpackard@polar.Bowdoin.EDU                                 Christopher Packard
crosby@nag.cs.Colorado.EDU                                      Matthew Crosby
cstrohme@com1.med.usf.edu                               Carl Strohmenger (HSC)
cwbol@moontarz.nuance.com                                     Charles W. Boley
dacey@crl.com                                                   Peter Campbell
darragh@maths.tcd.ie                                                          
davids@escape.com                                                 David Slifka
Dawn_Holt@notes.seagate.com                                          Dawn Holt
dcf@uevora.pt                                                 Diogo Figueiredo
dgpfeiff@vt.edu                                            Douglas G. Pfeiffer
doog@amber.ssd.csd.harris.com                                    Doug Scofield
DOOZIE@MSU.EDU                                                   Doozie.Snider
dowilbur@u.washington.edu                                         David Wilbur
doyle@tiac.net                                                      Sean Doyle
Drasko.Holcer@aixesa.srce.hr                                     Drasko Holcer
drysula@panix.com                                                 Dusan Rysula
dstone@prairienet.org                                           David M. Stone
dwagn02@emoryu1.cc.emory.edu                                  Richard L Wagner
dwoerpel@omnifest.uwm.edu                                        David Woerpel
edwardsg@duke.usask.ca                                          Gordon Edwards
efleish@scs.unr.edu                                            Erica Fleishman
ellis@netcom.com                                                    Rick Ellis
eolson@world.std.com                                              Eric J Olson
eugene@nas.nasa.gov                                             Eugene N. Miya
ewilliam@itsmail1.hamilton.edu                                 Ernest Williams
ewl@panix.com                                                   Emery Lapinski
FARRELPA@topaz.cqu.edu.au                                                     
forb0004@gold.tc.umn.edu                                        Eric J. Forbis
fosterjp@esvax.dnet.dupont.com                                                
FRANCISM1@rsc.org                                                             
fredh@netcom.com                                                    Fred Heath
frill@netcom.com                                                  T R Frillman
FSJ@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu                                                          
gerardo@musm.edu.pe                                              Gerardo Lamas
ggw@cds.duke.edu                                                 Greg Woodbury
goulson@vax.ox.ac.uk                                              Dave Goulson
gsr@mailserver.nhm.ac.uk                                        Gaden Robinson
gwiningd@cln.etc.bc.ca                                        George Winingder
h9290188@hkuxa.hku.hk                                              Lepi maniac
handr@WKUVX1.WKU.EDU                                                          
hankb@kaiwan.com                                              Henry M. Brodkin
hh@hhdo.ping.de                                          Henning Holtschneider
hmizohat@nike.heidelberg.edu                              Hidetaka Mizohata 96
hoffman@hal.com                                                   John Hoffman
hristosa@engin.umich.edu                             Hristos Thomas Anastassiu
htrought@acs.ucalgary.ca                                                      
hyde@cs.utk.edu                                                               
J.Sawers@uts.edu.au                                            James M. Sawers
j.t.padding@student.utwente.nl                                   Johan Padding
jabeck@forsci.ualberta.ca                                             Jim Beck
james_springer@Merck.Com                                        James Springer
Janne.Sinkkonen@helsinki.fi                                    Janne Sinkkonen
jaramill@sfu.ca                                      Alvaro Patricio Jaramillo
JATAHE@sara.cc.utu.fi                                         Janne Henriksson
jdalmand@news.doas.state.ga.us                         J.D. Almand DOAS Telcom
jdw@nhm.ac.uk                                                                 
jford@ruacad.ac.runet.edu                                                     
jims@fsba.com                                                      Jim Sheldon
jkillian@s850.mwc.edu                                           Joella Killian
jmparkin@isisa.oit.unc.edu                                  Jonathan Parkinson
johnch@pongo73.West.Sun.COM                         John Chandler [Contractor]
Joop.vanLoon@MEDEW.ENTO.WAU.NL                                                
jvandyk@iastate.edu                                                           
karant@gallium.csusb.edu                                      Dr. Yasha Karant
kellerj@pilotk.msu.edu                                              Jim Keller
kevin@geospiza.demon.co.uk                                    Kevin Hodgkinson
keyes@stsci.edu                                               Charles D. Keyes
kinghix@palenque.win-uk.net                                         Henry King
Kjell.Frick@utb.hv.se                                              Kjell Frick
KRUIP@DMSWWU1A.UNI-MUENSTER.DE                                    Jochen Kruip
KUENTO@KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU                                          DOUG YANEGA
L15D@ZFN.UNI-BREMEN.DE                                        Martin Schroeder
laas@ix.netcom.com                                         Los Angeles Audubon
lachlan@dmp.csiro.au                                         Lachlan Cranswick
LADAIR@dean.med.usf.edu                                                       
larrym@sequoia.sequoia.com                                      Larry Moorhead
lauraj@nsmdserv.cnd.hp.com                                       Laura Johnson
lbjostad@lamar.ColoState.EDU                                       Lou Bjostad
lfg@george.peabody.yale.edu                                   Lawrence F. Gall
LOECHELTH@par66.par.ora.fda.gov                                               
longair@acs.ucalgary.ca                                 Robert William Longair
LRHOLD@sulfur.monsanto.com                                        L. R. Holden
Maarten.vanHelden@MEDEW.ENTO.WAU.NL                                           
Marc_Majka@NeXT.COM                                                 Marc Majka
margaret_bullock@froude.dt.navy.mil                          Bullock, Margaret
Mark-Moraes@deshaw.com                                                        
maryspt@nbnet.nb.ca                                          David S. Christie
mbarrera@cais.cais.com                                               M Barrera
mc9r+@andrew.cmu.edu                                       Michael Cytrynowicz
MCLACHLA@tui.lincoln.ac.nz                                    Andrew McLachlan
MCNAIR@vms.cis.pitt.edu                                       DENNIS M. MCNAIR
MEG5@PSUVM.PSU.EDU                                                    MGregory
MFRICANO@SCUACC.SCU.EDU                                                       
mg@ac.duke.edu                                                   Michael Grubb
mhatz@nyx10.cs.du.edu                                                Mike Hatz
mhhh@stat.bio.aau.dk                                        Mette H. H. Hansen
Michael.S.Dunlap.1@nd.edu                                                     
micky@marie.physik.tu-berlin.de                                  Michael Patra
MIKOZ@sara.cc.utu.fi                                            Mikhail Kozlov
molay@chuma.cas.usf.edu                                    Richard Molay (CSC)
MOREWOOD@UVVM.UVIC.CA                                                         
mpatters@ednet1.osl.or.gov                                      Mike Patterson
msattler@jungle.com                             Michael Sattler, San Francisco
MURX28A@prodigy.com                                            MS GAYLE BENTON
N0OVF@VAX1.Mankato.MSUS.EDU                                    Chris Schmelzer
NCRODR2@ncrmail.ncr.usace.army.mil                                     NCRODR2
ndallen@io.org                                                     Nigel Allen
NEXTUG@ac.dal.ca                                                              
nicoles@cariari.ucr.ac.cr                               Nicole Sabah Kissinger
NormBaits@aol.com                                                             
nrudd@char.vnet.net                                                    N. Rudd
OMARTI%TIFTON.BITNET@uga.cc.uga.edu                           Orville G. Marti
overton@safe.ia.gov                                        Dixie Overton - DSB
owebster@cris.com                                              Oren C. Webster
phklass@rs6000.cmp.ilstu.edu                                      Trisha Klass
phrrv@csv.warwick.ac.uk                                           Dr G A Cooke
pmccarthy@fcmr.forestry.ca                                      Peter McCarthy
pritcha3@student.msu.edu                                  Patricia M Pritchard
PXF3@PSUVM.PSU.EDU                                                     P. Ford
radrayer@panix.com                                              Rebecca Drayer
rarnold@teleport.com                                           Ralph D. Arnold
redmanah@student.msu.edu                                        Ahnya M Redman
reichart@cuug.ab.ca                                                   Reichart
rella@elm.circa.ufl.edu                                        Rella Abernathy
repps@ix.netcom.com                                               Richard Epps
rlimpert@access.digex.net                                       Roland Limpert
rob.king@nfe.com                                                      Rob King
rufinus@mbe.ece.wisc.edu                                       Jeffrey Rufinus
Runnerdes@aol.com                                                             
SBK1@cornell.edu                                               Stuart Krasnoff
sbramblett@mail.utexas.edu                                 Sharon S. Bramblett
scl@cognex.com                                                    Steve Lovely
SCRAY@delphi.com                                                              
sgb12@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk                                  Sean Buchanan (Bioc)
shaunc@faceplant.gvg.TEK.COM                                  High Octane Fuel
shel@is.rice.edu                                            Michelle D Johnson
SHIELDS_JAMES_E@Lilly.com                     Jim Shields, Lilly Research Labs
SLINE@PHS.BGSM.WFU.EDU                                                        
smathe@VNET.IBM.COM                                                           
smole@unlinfo.unl.edu                                               simon mole
Snyder_John/furman@furman.edu                                                 
SPEURANE@HELSINKI.RKTL.fi                                       Peuranen Seppo
stahlhu1@student.msu.edu                                      Julie K Stahlhut
stahlhut@cps.msu.edu                                             Rick Stahlhut
Steve.Goldstein@analog.com                                     Steve Goldstein
stevek@icfr.unp.ac.za                                             Steve Kitton
sut9@midway.uchicago.edu                                  sherman jarred suter
sws4@psuvm.psu.edu                                        Stephen W. Schaeffer
SYSAM@ALBANY.ALBANY.EDU                                           Aaron Morris
T.PITTAWAY@CABI.org                              Tony Pittaway (Research Off.)
TAN@Frodo.MGH.Harvard.EDU                                                     
tgm@netcom.com                                            Thomas G. McWilliams
tgwong@netcom.com                                                     Ted Wong
tharvey@oci.utoronto.ca                                             Tim Harvey
tidwellp@student.msu.edu                                  Patricia Ann Tidwell
tingley@nbnet.nb.ca                                             Stuart Tingley
tjsmith@netcom.com                                                   Tom Smith
tom@potency.Berkeley.EDU                                       Thomas H. Slone
Uli@duppy.RoBIN.de                                              Ulrich Forster
VELLINGA@PHYS.RUG.NL                                               Willem-Pier
VLINDERS@RCL.WAU.NL                                     Meindert de Jong [^_^]
vogt@tbone.biol.scarolina.edu                                        Dick Vogt
WALLACEC1@JAGUAR.UOFS.EDU                                                     
Whirlabout@aol.com                                                            
wildblue@crl.com                                            Charles M. Burnett
WRS112@PSUVM.PSU.EDU                                          Wendy Snetsinger
wtmorgan@pilotM.msu.edu                                            Bill Morgan
X91HOWSE@wmich.edu                                                            
X91TISLERICS@wmich.edu    College Bowl is like a good pasta salad: it takes we
X92PEDLER@wmich.edu                                     Andrew Carnegie Pedler
yadallee@gAlLiF.ersys.EDmonTON.Ab.Ca                     Dave Shariff Yadallee
yngvarb@ifi.uio.no                                                 Yngvar Berg
youngc@rfweston.com                                                           
zikan@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu                                  Marcio Zikan Cardoso
zoodrb@zoom.zoo.latrobe.edu.au                                 David R Britton
zool@server.cip.forst.uni-muenchen.de                          Werner Heitland

Voted No
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
76711.1261@compuserve.com                                    GB:'X0B$4fAB92GB5
ananda@cs.utexas.edu                                             Ananda M. Kar
crouchkp@flidh103.delcoelect.com                              Kenneth P Crouch
cward@Think.COM                                               Christopher Ward
danhil@oda.state.or.us                                        HILBURN Daniel J
dhalgren@netcom.com                                               Dave Filippi
feminist@eskimo.com                                       William Affleck-Asch
fsspr@camelot.acf-lab.alaska.edu                                  Sean P. Ryan
johnl@cs.indiana.edu                                                John Lacey
jpimentel@nectech.com                                                         
jrm@globalvillag.com                                     John R. MacWilliamson
khan@jtp.cs.nyu.edu                                               Hasnain Khan
lamaster@george.arc.nasa.gov                              Hugh LaMaster -- RCS
med30065@cobra.nus.sg                                              TAN MIN-HAN
mmt@RedBrick.COM                                          M Mike Taksar KC6ZPS
physsjb@phys.canterbury.ac.nz                                    Stephen Botha
rew@moontarz.nuance.com                                           Ryan Waldron
rick@bcm.tmc.edu                                             Richard H. Miller
sledge@hammer.oche.de                                        Thomas Bueschgens
sommers@oti-hsv.com                                              Brian Sommers
zcakkp6@ucl.ac.uk                                                      zcakkp6


From london@SunSITE.unc.edu Thu Oct 20 16:30:59 EDT 1994
Article: 922 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!london
From: london@SunSITE.unc.edu (Larry London)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,bionet.mycology
Subject: sunSITE archives
Date: 20 Oct 1994 17:50:49 GMT
Organization: SunSITE, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Lines: 259
Message-ID: <386alp$16j7@bigblue.oit.unc.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: calzone.oit.unc.edu
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:922 bionet.mycology:968

|For rec.gardeners:
|Newsgroups: rec.gardens
|Subject: How to get to gardening FAQs, archives - UPDATE

Accessing Resources At sunSITE.unc.edu
--------------------------------------
WAIS (also available via telnet)
World Wide Web (also available via telnet, lynx available for vt100 users)
 URL: http://sunsite.unc.edu
anonymous ftp
ftpmail (Send e-mail to ftpmail@sunsite.unc.edu for helpfile on ftpmail usage) 
Gopher (also available via telnet)
 Type=1+
 Name=Sustainable Agriculture Information
 Path=1/sunsite.d/sus-ag.d
 Host=president.oit.unc.edu
 Port=70
 Admin=Jonathan Magid and Chris Colomb, 919-962-6501 <ftpkeeper@sunsite.unc.edu>
 ModDate=Mon Oct 17 20:27:16 1994 <19941017202716>
 URL: gopher://president.oit.unc.edu:70/11/sunsite.d/sus-ag.d
telnet
 Login: (follow login instructions for access to WAIS, gopher, ftp, lynx)
 (vt100 works fine)

Navigating FTP Directories and Gopher Menus:
--------------------------------------------
Anonymous ftp:
  ftp sunSITE.unc.edu
  Login: anonymous
  Password: (enter your Internet E-Mail ID)
  cd pub/academic
    cd agriculture/sustainable_agriculture
      cd sunSITE-Sustainable-Agriculture
        cd gardening/gardening-faqs
  cd pub/academic/agriculture/rural-skills
  cd pub/academic/medicine/alternative-healthcare
  cd pub/academic/environment/alternative-energy/energy-resources
  cd pub/academic/environment/pesticide-education

Gopher:
The Worlds of sunSITE
  Sustainable Agriculture Information
    SunSITE Sustainable Agriculture Information
      sunSITE-Sustainable-Agriculture
        gardening
          gardening-faqs
  links to:
    Rural Skills: etc.
    Alternative Energy
    Alternative Healthcare
    Pesticide Education
    - other Gopher sites with ag/gardening information

The Worlds of SunSITE
browse sunSITE archives
  academic
    agriculture
      sustainable_agriculture
        sunSITE-Sustainable-Agriculture
          gardening
            gardening-faqs
  rural-skills

The Worlds of sunSITE
  browse sunSITE archives
    academic
      environment
        alternative energy
          energy-resources

The Worlds of sunSITE
  browse sunSITE archives
    academic
      medicine
        alternative healthcare

The Worlds of sunSITE
  browse sunSITE archives
    academic
      environment
        pesticide education

About the Archives:
-------------------
Newsgroup, mailing-list, newsletter archives/documents/FAQs on 
sustainable agriculture, permaculture, IPM, landscaping, gardening, 
farming, rural skills, horticulture, metalworking, woodworking, weather, 
housebuilding, food, cooking, nutrition, ecology, environment, pesticide 
education, health and safety, survivalism, beekeeping, food preservation,
alternative: healthcare, energy, architecture, housing, communities 
and many other related topics.

FAQs for these newsgroups (partial list):
-----------------------------------------
rec.gardens (/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/gardening/gardening-FAQs)
misc.rural (/agriculture/rural-skills/faqs)
rec.food.sourdough (/agriculture/rural-skills/food/sourdough/faqs)
rec.food.veg (/medicine/alternative-healthcare/faqs)
rec.crafts.metalworking (/agriculture/rural-skills/metalworking/faqs)
rec.woodworking (/agriculture/rural-skills/woodworking/faqs)
alternative energy (/environment/alternative-energy/miscellaneous)
sci.energy.hydrogen (/environment/alternative-energy/miscellaneous)
alt.meditation (/medicine/alternative-healthcare/faqs)
alt.co-ops (/environment/energy-resources/faqs
alt.housing.nontrad (/environment/energy-resources/faqs
alt.folklore.herbs (/medicine/alternative-healthcare/faqs)
sci.life-extension (/medicine/alternative-healthcare/faqs)
vegetarian (/medicine/alternative-healthcare/faqs)
sci.agriculture.beekeeping (/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping/faqs
misc.survivalism (/agriculture/rural-skills/survivalism/faqs)
alt.backrubs (/medicine/alternative-healthcare/faqs)
alt.med.allergy (/medicine/alternative-healthcare/faqs)
alt.support.asthma (medicine/alternative-healthcare/faqs)

Documents (partial list):
-------------------------
historic food
sourdough bread-yoghurt-kraut-fermented foods
vegetarian cooking
alternative architecture
alternative/co-housing, sustainable/intentional communities - co-operatives 
alternative healthcare
health and safety faqs 
sustainable agriculture
gardening-farming-rural life
gardening faqs
permaculture
integrated pest management
hydrology
meteorology
beekeeping
hydroponics
biological pest control
bioremediation
aquaculture
guides to Internet agriculture/healthcare/environment/biology resources 
homeopathy
ayurveda
nutrition
meditation
survivalism
food preservation

Mailing Lists of Interest:
--------------------------
List name: sustag-public (sustainable agriculture)
  Server: almanac@twosocks.ces.ncsu.edu
  Post articles to: sustag-public@twosocks.ces.ncsu.edu
  Gated read/write to the alt.sustainable.agriculture Usenet newsgroup
List name: sanet-mg (Sustainable Agriculture Network mail group)
  Server: almanac@twosocks.ces.ncsu.edu
  Post articles to: sanet-mg@twosocks.ces.ncsu.edu 
List name: forage-mg (forage crops)
  Server: almanac@oes.orst.edu
  Post articles to: forage-mg@oes.orst.edu
List name: forage-quality-mg (forage crop quality)
  Server: almanac@oes.orst.edu
  Post articles to: forage-quality-mg@oes.orst.edu
List name: ipm-mg (integrated pest management)
  Server: almanac@twosocks.ces.ncsu.edu
  Post articles to: ipm-mg@twosocks.ces.ncsu.edu
  Gated read-only to the alt.sustainable.agriculture Usenet newsgroup
List name: permaculture-mg (permaculture)
  Server: almanac@twosocks.ces.ncsu.edu
  Post articles to: permaculture-mg@twosocks.ces.ncsu.edu
  Gated read-only to the alt.sustainable.agriculture Usenet newsgroup
List name: agmetnet (meteorology)
  Server: almanac@awis.auburn.edu
  Post articles to: agmetnet@awis.auburn.edu

Available From Almanac Server: almanac@twosocks.ces.ncsu.edu:
-------------------------------------------------------------
renew-energy (Renewable Energy), renew-energy@twosocks.ces.ncsu.edu
     gated to alt.energy.renewable and FidoNet's HOMEPOWR echo
nc-solar (North Carolina Solar Energy Resources), 
          nc-solar@twosocks.ces.ncsu.edu 
env_res (Environmental Resources), env-res@twosocks.ces.ncsu.edu

Additional Mailing Lists of Interest:
-------------------------------------
  [/net-resources will contain more information on many of these lists]
wetnet  soils-l  agmodels-l  agric-l  envst-l  grasses  bee-l  dairy-l
hydro-l  devel-l  indknow-l  aqua-l  maxlife  marine-l  gardens-l  
cohousing-l  pot-mod-l  trickle-l  mgarden-l

Newsletters:
------------
American Garden Newsletter  ipmnet-news  aanews  aosa.news  ben  panups
safefood-news  susag-news  vita-news  altag-news  apis  attranews-digest
cgiar-news  csas-news  food-safety-week  handsnet-news  leopold-center-news
wsaa-news

Archives of Articles in These Usenet Newsgroups:
------------------------------------------------
sci.agriculture
sci.agriculture.beekeeping
alt.sustainable.agriculture
alt.agriculture.misc
alt.agriculture.fruit

rec.gardens
misc.rural
rec.food.preservation
misc.survivalism

sci.bio
sci.bio.ecology
sci.geo.geology
sci.geo.meteorology
sci.geo.hydrology
sci.aquaria
rec.aquaria
bionet plants
bionet mycology
bionet.biology.grasses
bionet photosynthesis
bionet cellbiology
bionet general 
bionet.agroforestry
bionet.n2-fixation
bionet.biology.tropical

alt.architecture.alternative
alt.housing.nontrad
sci.energy
sci.energy.hydrogen
alt.energy.renewable

misc.health.alternative
alt.aromatherapy
sci.life-extension
alt.health.ayurveda
alt.folklore.gemstones
alt.folklore.herbs
alt.co-evolution
alt.meditation
alt.consciousness.mysticism
rec.food.veg
rec.food.veg.cooking
sci.med.nutrition
alt.food.fat-free
alt.support.asthma
alt.med.allergy


                For more information contact:
                ----------------------------- 
Lawrence London               Paul Jones
london@sunSITE.unc.edu        Paul_Jones@unc.edu
Venaura Farm                  Office for Information Technology
Chapel Hill, N.C., U.S.A.     University of North Carolina
                              Chapel Hill, N.C., U.S.A.









From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Sat Oct 22 21:15:01 EDT 1994
Article: 923 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!caen!msuinfo!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!roberts-1f3-02.cc.monash.edu.au!roadent
From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Thin honey: Mystery is solved!
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 1994 02:13:36 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 10
Message-ID: <roadent.798.2EA723CF@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
References: <9410171610591.DLITE.kmdrach@delphi.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-02.cc.monash.edu.au

>I guess I will gradually learn the ins and outs of beekeeping.  I am
>relieved to know what the problem was.  Now I am thinking of returning the
>thin honey to the bees as they need food over the next few months.  Is there
>anything wrong with that plan? 

The main problemn I can think of is that the hhoney will probably ferment.  
Heating it may hjave killed of the naturally occuring yeasts, but I wouldn't 
want to take that risk.  I don't know for sure that it would have a 
detrimental effect on the bees....any one else know for sure??
Adrian.


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Sat Oct 22 21:15:02 EDT 1994
Article: 924 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!caen!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: October Issue of _Apis_ magazine
Message-ID: <CxyzB6.7yJ@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Keywords: Apis, bee, honeybee, Sanford, beekeeping  
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 1994 11:45:05 GMT
Lines: 257

 
FILENAME: OCTAPIS.94
 
            Florida Extension Beekeeping Newsletter
    Apis--Apicultural Information and Issues (ISSN 0889-3764)
               Volume 12, Number 10, October 1994
 
                   APIS AND THE WORLD WIDE WEB
 
     Back in the mid 1980s, I first reported that this newsletter
was available through BITNET, an academic computing network.  It
was a real advance for me at the time.  Later, the Internet came
into being and the newsletter was put up on that network as well as
a remote bulletin board system (RBBS).  Then, in January 1994, and
almost in shock, I wrote that APIS was available on the Internet
through File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Gopher, something I found
serendipitously while searching what is known as "gopherspace."  In
May 1994, I reported that the last two years of this newsletter
were placed on The Ohio State University's Gopher and made key-word
searchable.
 
     Well, the accelerator on the information superhighway has been
pressed again!  The University of Florida campus information system
has become a reality and so has Alachua County Freenet, giving any
local citizen free access to the Internet.  The IFAS Online
information facility, which used to only be accessible to those
with accounts on our college of agriculture minicomputer, has also
been "gopherized," and is now available to the electronic world.
It contains the last four year's issues of APIS.
 
     Meanwhile, a program capable of searching or browsing the
Internet using all the present electronic tools (FTP, GOPHER), plus
its own interface which includes graphics and sound, has taken the
Internet by storm.  It's called Mosaic, and uses a language that
helps link documents together.  Because of the linking feature,
Mosaic gives us a new way of looking at information via what is
called the World-Wide Web (WWW).
 
     Fortunately, besides Mosaic, a free program for those who know
how to get it, several alternatives are available that support
graphics (i.e. Cello) or just text (i.e. Lynx).  Either way, WWW is
fast becoming the preferred way to get on the information
superhighway.  This is accomplished through uniform resource
locators or URLs.   And APIS now has its own URL:
 
http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu:7999/~entweb/apis/apis.htm
 
     I look forward to comments from those using this resource.
You can contact me electronically at mts@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu or use
the traditional address or telephone number at the end of this and
all issues of APIS.
 
 
                 SECOND ANNUAL SEMINAR A SUCCESS
 
     By any measure, the second annual beekeeping seminar in
Florida's Panhandle at Blackwater State Forest Training Center in
Santa Rosa County exceeded expectations.  Some fifty-five eager
beekeepers attended the event, expanded from last year to include
Friday evening.  As always, the open-hive demonstrations were the
highlight.
 
     This seminar also boasted the attendance of Dr. Jim Tew,
Extension Apiculturist at The Ohio State University, and Dr. Evan
Sugden who is affiliated with Kentucky State University.  The
organizers, especially one of Florida's newest bee inspectors, Joe
Robinson, should be congratulated for putting together a well-run,
informative event.  Others interested in developing local
beekeeping training events of this nature would do well to contact
the organizers for their ideas.
 
                       AHB IN PUERTO RICO
 
     Although there may be some good news for Florida beekeepers
reported in the July 1994 APIS about the African honey bee (AHB)
stalling in Texas, there was some disquieting news from Puerto
Rico.  Because of a number of recent finds often near ports, the
island may soon be declared infested by the Animal Plant Health
Inspection Service (APHIS).  The message is clear.  AHB can be
introduced via ships, and Florida beekeepers and regulators should
not let their guard down in trying to detect introductions of this
successful biological pioneer.
 
              NEW NUTRITION LABEL:  WHO IS EXEMPT?
 
     Who has not seen the new nutrition label that was implemented
earlier this year?  The idea is to make nutritional information as
simple as possible while ensuring that most foods have both a label
and list of ingredients.  Time will tell whether this goal will be
met.
 
     Meanwhile, the immediate question arose as to whether small-
scale honey marketers fall under this food-labeling legislation.
The good news is that outfits doing less than $500,000 per year
gross sales are automatically exempt from nutritional labeling
requirements.  And those exceeding this gross sales figure, but
doing less than $50,000 in food sales, are also exempt.  The
exemptions are automatic and require no notification of either the
U.S. Food and Drug Administration or the Florida Department of
Agriculture and Consumer Services.
 
     There is one big caveat, however.  Any nutritional claims
about a product void these exemptions.  Thus, advice that something
is "healthy," "packed with energy," or "low in fat" automatically
requires full nutritional labeling.  To be safe, the best bet is to
only say the product is "pure honey."  Although a good sales tool,
this phrase is redundant because by definition any product labeled
as honey must be "pure"--that is, not adulterated in any way.  Any
labels that are even a little questionable should be faxed to Ms.
Betsy Woodward, Chief, Food and Residue Laboratories, Florida
Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, ph 904/488-0670,
FAX 904/487-6573, for her opinion.
 
     A label change for Florida that many may not yet know about is
that a dual English/metric declaration is now required on honey
products [i.e. 1lb (454g)].  Ms. Woodward will be providing up-to-
date labeling information at the Florida State Beekeepers
Association meeting in Ft. Myers in late October.  Questions about
labeling for the FDA should go to the Office of Food Labeling at
the FDA's Center for Foods, ph 202/205-5229.
 
        FLORIDA BEEKEEPERS ASSOCIATION MEETS IN FT. MYERS
 
     The Florida State Beekeepers Association will be meeting
October 27-29, at the Lani Kai Island Resort, 1400 Estero Blvd, Ft.
Myers Beach, FL 33931, ph 813/463-3111.  The traditional barbecue
is set for Thursday evening.  A baking contest will also take
place; entries should be delivered to the registration desk by 4:00
p.m. Thursday, October 27.  Friday will consist of the program, a
luncheon (bring a "BEE" related gift) and the annual banquet.
Finally, the business meeting will conclude the event on Saturday,
October 29.
 
     The cutoff time for early registration is October 15 at $20
(after that it costs $25).  Send checks to E. Cutts, 2237 N.W. 16th
Ave., Gainesville, FL 32605, ph 904/378-7719.  The special hotel
rates are $49.95 single or double (king or double beds) or the
efficiency room, including a small kitchen, for $59.95.  These
rates are for the  Florida State Beekeepers Association meeting
only (regular prices are almost double).   Rooms are limited and
reservations should be made as soon as possible.
 
                        THE VARROA SWITCH
 
     Dr. Roger Hoopingarner in his September B-Plus Newsletter from
Michigan State University discusses a concept he calls the "Varroa
mite switch."  In the late summer and fall, as honey bee colonies
stop rearing drones, Varroa mites find their preferred hosts in
short supply.  Mite predation, therefore, generally "switches" from
drone to worker brood.  As Dr. Hoopingarner says, "This switch
occurs the last part of August and September...If the same life
shortening effect (it is thought Varroa predation reduces worker
life expectancy by as much as one-third!) occurs in these 'winter
bees' that affects bees during the summer then the colony will lose
many bees early in the winter cycle."
 
     Although writing for his part of the country, the "Varroa
switch" probably plays the same role throughout the United States.
Even sunny Florida is not immune.  Winter bees are just as
important in the South, even more so in areas where little forage
is available.  Although workers have more flying time, they may be
using valuable capital (energy and longevity) that their northern
sisters are happily conserving in their winter cluster.  Dr.
Hoopingarner says the only way to increase individual and, thus,
colonial longevity, is to treat for mites when winter bees are
being produced.  This means August and September in Michigan.
Beekeepers waiting longer until a colony is broodless risk their
bees being heavily damaged by mite predation, leading to less
overwintering success.
 
     Dr. Hoopingarner also suggests leaving the strips in for the
maximum period at this time to kill as many exposed mites as
possible.  The bottom line in Michigan, he concludes, is protecting
winter bees.  Then beekeepers only have to worry about nosema and
adequate food.  In Florida, broodless times are all too rare, even
in November and December, and the same advice applies.  Short
circuiting the Varroa switch gives the bees the best opportunity to
come through winter ready for spring buildup.
 
                VEGETABLE OIL AND TRACHEAL MITES
 
     In the September 1994 issue of APIS, I discussed Terramycin
(R) use in extender patties.  Vegetable oil is used mainly for
controlling American foulbrood by "carrying" the antibiotic,
oxytetracycline, into the bee colony.  However, there is evidence
that patties in and of themselves will also help control tracheal
mite infestation.  This led to an investigation by Diana Sammataro
and colleagues at The Ohio State University reported in the Journal
of Economic Entomology, Vol. 87, No. 4, August 1994, pp. 910-916.
Two experiments were conducted: 1) summer application of oil
patties in 1991 to see if mite levels in the subsequent fall were
affected and 2) continuous exposure of colonies throughout the
1992-1993 season.
 
     In the first study, a two-time (6 June and 23 July)
application of oil patties did not affect mite populations.  Mite
levels were the same in treated colonies as in controls (not
treated).  The authors concluded that "well populated, established
colonies already infested with mites gained no protection from oil
patties when fed twice at peak bee populations."
 
     The second test was undertaken at two sites to see if
continuous application would fare any better.  Here significantly
lower levels of mites were found in treated colonies than in
controls.  Mite populations in untreated colonies peaked between
November and February, sometimes exceeding 30 percent.  In treated
colonies, the mite level rarely exceeded 10 percent.
 
     Some general observations during the second experiment merit
reflection.  There were differences seen between the two sites.
Site one had greater loss of untreated colonies (four out of six).
One colony died of starvation and three with heavy fecal soiling
appeared to have had high levels of nosema as well as mites.  The
nectar flows were also poorer at this location.
 
     At the second site, two untreated colonies had low mite levels
throughout the year.  This may have been because they were
manipulated (split and requeened) later than other colonies.
Two more survived the winter despite high (51 percent-92 percent)
mite levels, and only one died.
 
     Of the queens dissected at Site 2, some had blackened
tracheae, considered caused by mite feeding, whereas others had
light to no infestation.  Two queens were also found to be heavily
infested with amoebae (Malpighamoeba mellificae Prell).
 
     An overriding observation in this study was that in colonies
that survived winter infestation, mite levels appeared to decline
as the bee population rose in spring.  This suggests an analogy to
the situation discussed above for Varroa mites.  The graphical
representations also show that most differences in tracheal mite
levels between treated and untreated groups were from August
through February, critical times for colonies to successfully
winter.  The authors conclude: "Our study shows that oil treatment
interferes with one or more aspects of the mite's life cycle.  The
continuous presence of an oil patty with or without Terramycin
helped lower tracheal mite populations and increased colony
survivorship."
 
 
Sincerely,
 
 
 
Malcolm T. Sanford
Bldg 970, Box 110620
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611-0620
Phone (904) 392-1801, Ext. 143
FAX: 904-392-0190
BITNET Address: MTS@IFASGNV
INTERNET Address: MTS@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU

-- 
============================================================================
 Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From owen@rsnz.govt.nz Sat Oct 22 21:15:02 EDT 1994
Article: 925 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.moneng.mei.com!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!ames!waikato!comp.vuw.ac.nz!watsonathome.rsnz.govt.nz!user
From: owen@rsnz.govt.nz (Owen Watson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: bees on toxic plants?
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 1994 22:58:17 +1200
Organization: Royal Society of New Zealand
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <owen-2110942258170001@watsonathome.rsnz.govt.nz>
References: <WAF2PCB889917498@brbbs.brbbs.com> <5r7ekaE96JgV071yn@world.std.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: watsonathome.rsnz.govt.nz

In article <5r7ekaE96JgV071yn@world.std.com>, moroney@world.std.com
(Michael Moroney) wrote:

> I have heard mountain laurel honey (related to rhododendron) is toxic but
> bees don't care for its nectar/pollen so don't work it if there's anything
> else available.  This is good since I have plenty of mountain laurel around
> here yet I have never seen a honeybee interested in them.  Dandelion blooms
> at the same time.

In the warmer parts of New Zealand I've heard that there's a native plant
(tutu?) that is harvested by bees and is toxic to humans; beekeepers in
affected areas don't harvest the honey till well after its flowering time,
by which time it has been used by the bees.

Could someone confirm?

-- 
_______________________________________________
Owen Watson, The Royal Society of New Zealand
Web server: http://www.rsnz.govt.nz/


From rdr@law.cua.edu Sat Oct 22 21:15:03 EDT 1994
Article: 926 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!darwin.sura.net!news.cua.edu!fac40.law.cua.edu!rdr
From: rdr@law.cua.edu (Rick Regan)
Subject: Looking for a Hive in DC
Message-ID: <rdr.7.2EA799D2@law.cua.edu>
Lines: 23
Sender: news@news.cua.edu (USENET News System)
Organization: Catholic University of America
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 1994 10:37:06 GMT

I want to start keeping bees in my backyard in DC.  I could use some 
net-advice.

Anybody in the DC area with a hive for sale?
 When I find one, what should I expect to pay?
Is the beginning of winter an appropriate time to start, or will the bees be 
disoriented and lose their way?

Are there any city restrictions and ordinances I should know about (like - 
maybe it's illegal to keep bees in the city, kind like firing a handgun?)

I'm checking my phone book and find 'Ernie's Apiary' in Walkerstown, MD.  
Anybody with experience dealing with Ernie?

My real goal is as a winemaker, to have my own honey for mead.  But I started 
reading about bees and it seems pretty cool.  I think I'll be able to have one 
(or two) hives in my yard.  

Rick Regan
Catholic University of America
Columbus School of Law
Washington, DC
regan@law.cua.edu


From larryk@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu Sat Oct 22 21:15:04 EDT 1994
Article: 927 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!spool.mu.edu!caen!saimiri.primate.wisc.edu!aplcenmp!larryk
From: larryk@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu (LA Kellogg lawrence a 2023833558)
Subject: Re: Looking for a Hive in DC
Message-ID: <Cy1B6w.AAq@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu>
Organization: Johns Hopkins Continuing Professional Programs
References: <rdr.7.2EA799D2@law.cua.edu>
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 1994 17:56:56 GMT
Lines: 20

  Rick,
    Congratulations on getting into beekeeping..I just started keeping 
bees this year and I have three hives. I don't have any to sell however...
I live in Silver Spring, MD so I'm not too far away from you. Ernie is a 
good guy..I know him from the Montgomery Country Beekeeper meetings...
Oh, sorry to tell you this, but I think it is illegal to keep bees 
in the District. I don't know if they enforce the regulations..
The biggest problem you're going to run into is water...bees need a 
good supply of water. Your neighbors swimming pool is a good source 
but your neighbors may not like that..You can provide them with water..
  Spring is the best time to start a hive..bees need time to build up supplies 
for the winter or you're going to have to feed them to get them through...
I'm feeding one of my hives...it was a nuc (for nucleus) that I bought 
>from  a beekeeper friend for $35. Package bees are about $27 for three 
pounds...I can get you more info if you need it. 
  Drop me a note..I would be glad to hook you up with some local beekeepers..

    Regards,
      Lary Kellogg
  k


From lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu Sat Oct 22 21:15:04 EDT 1994
Article: 928 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!swrinde!sgiblab!pacbell.com!att-out!oucsace!ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu!LUTTON
From: lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
Subject: Re: Help, MY BEES ARE DYING.
Message-ID: <Cy1938.8oJ@oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu>
Sender: news@oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu (news account)
Reply-To: lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
Organization: Ohio University Computing & Technology Services
References: <37sltm$rms@acmey.gatech.edu>,<CxtDI0.HvI@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 1994 17:11:32 GMT
Lines: 20

The USDA provides a free diagnostic service for bee diseases(not poisonings).
You can send 200 sick or newly dead bees in cardboard or wood container(like a
matchbox).Name and address on container and/or letter include pertanant
info/disease symptoms.Bioenvironmental Bee Labratory, Beltsville Agricultural
Research Center-East, Bldg.476,Room 200,Beltsville, MD.20705, U.S.A.  They also
do brood diseases(comb sample 4X4 inches pack so it wont mold) according to
Enc. of Beekeeping,"Morse, Hooper", they also handle int'l samples. I've used
them, they're pretty quick and seem to be thorough, you can't beat the price;
"your tax dollar at work" Regards,lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
In article <CxtDI0.HvI@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>,
adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein) writes:
> Georgia has a very good Apiary inspection service. 
>Before anyone else messes with you, why don't you try talking to a bee
>inspector or your state apiarist.
> If you need help finding these #'s let me know.
>Adam
>-- 
>============================================================================
> Adam Finkelstein   adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu     adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu     
>===============================================   |Bees To Please|   =======


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Sat Oct 22 21:15:05 EDT 1994
Article: 929 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!newsfeed.pitt.edu!ctc.com!news.mic.ucla.edu!news.bc.net!vanbc.wimsey.com!cato.Direct.CA!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: Thin honey: Some more ideas
Sender: usenet@cuug.ab.ca
Message-ID: <Cy0zsw.2so@cuug.ab.ca>
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 1994 13:50:55 GMT
References: <9410171610591.DLITE.kmdrach@delphi.com> <roadent.798.2EA723CF@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL0]
Lines: 84

Sugar as feed should be best, however thin honey should be no problem
unless it is noticably fermented, in which case holding at a fairly hot,
non - boiling temperature for a while will drive off the alcohol.  This is
what we do if we have a drum of syrup that gets high.  Seems to work. 

The bees can handle some alcohol when they are strong and the season is 
ideal, but in the spring and fall, I am leary of stressing them or 
having the feed rejected.

Thin honey as feed should be no problem.  Beaverlodge research used large
amounts of thinned white honey syrup for their experiment on bees drawing
comb after the main flow was over due to lack of funds to buy sugar. 

You see, as a byproduct of keeping bees for scientific research, they
found themselves with some honey.  If they sold the honey the money went
to general revenue and then they couldn't get money back for the
experiment - government! 

So they fed back the honey.

I've done it too, but find some honies don't make a good feed compared to 
sugar syrup.

I think someone suggested making mead.

Here's my formula:

Start with a drum 2/3 full of chlorinated water.

Add about 120 lbs of the best liquid honey you have. (a bit more if you 
want sweet mead).

Stir.

Add ten packages champagne yeast, 300 ml of citic acid, 450 ml dibasic
ammonium phosphate.

Cover.  Wait until all activity has ceased (a few weeks).

Temperatures in the 70 degree range are ideal for fermentation and storage.

Siphon into one gallon plasic milk jugs that have been sterilised
with bleach and rinsed.  Leave the lids ever so slightly loose, and store
in a dark place at room temp as long as you can.


A year is about right, but it is drinkable in weeks, especially if put in
the fridge a few days before so the yeast settle.  Be sure to pour off
carefully and avoid the dregs.

Cost?  about $2.50/gallon.  P.A.? - about 12 - 15%.  nature? - dry. 

If it is too dry, add a little honey in the glass, as the Romans did.

Note:  as you can see from the formula, I hate chemicals in my wine.  The
dibasic ammonium phosphate (yeast food available at a self-brew type
store) is essential though for the yeasts to finish their work.  I found
the fermentation always 'stuck' at about two thirds done when I used the
amount recommended for wine - and wouldn't finish working.  I experimented
and found that this amount allows completion and, I assume leaves very
little in the mead.  I checked with poison control centre and they tell me
it is not vey toxic anyhow - it is a diuretic.  This mead, if you are
clean in your handling of the supplies and materials, should be free of
things that cause headaches. 

Thin honey is also wonderful pancake syrup, but keep it in the fridge.



Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent (roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au) wrote:
: >I guess I will gradually learn the ins and outs of beekeeping.  I am
: >relieved to know what the problem was.  Now I am thinking of returning the
: >thin honey to the bees as they need food over the next few months.  Is there
: >anything wrong with that plan? 

: The main problemn I can think of is that the hhoney will probably ferment.  
: Heating it may hjave killed of the naturally occuring yeasts, but I wouldn't 
: want to take that risk.  I don't know for sure that it would have a 
: detrimental effect on the bees....any one else know for sure??
: Adrian.
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                 ARS  VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Sat Oct 22 21:15:06 EDT 1994
Article: 930 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!uunet!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Looking for a Hive in DC
Message-ID: <Cy1G9t.GEz@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <rdr.7.2EA799D2@law.cua.edu>
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 1994 19:46:41 GMT
Lines: 11

 Rick, your mail is bouncing.
If I may be so biased, you have a Virginia state inspector, John Mcghee
right near you in N. VA. Why don't you email him and use all the resources
he has to offer?
He is John Mcghee.
mcghee@hopper.itc.virginia.edu
Adam
-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Sat Oct 22 21:15:07 EDT 1994
Article: 931 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!uunet!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ
Message-ID: <Cy2o6M.3xC@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Followup-To: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 
Keywords:  FAQ, beekeeping, bees, apis, honey, pollen, hive
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 1994 11:35:10 GMT
Lines: 298


sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ

10/20/94

 This is FAQ #5 for sci.agriculture.beekeeping. 

 **Note**  Excellent information may be obtained on grease patty use and
manufacture in the September _Apis_ magazine, available at
many of the following archive sites and at the new WWW server for
_Apis_ magazine. The URL is:

  http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu:7999/~entweb/apis/apis.htm


****** POINTERS TO APICULTURAL INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET ******
 
USENET news   
* sci.agriculture.beekeeping   Beekeeping, bee-culture and hive products.

Listserv:
* BEE-L
  BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information
  concerning the biology of bees.  This includes honey bees
  and other bees (and maybe even wasps).  We communicate about
  sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution,
  genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower
  nectar and pollen production of bees.

To subscribe to BEE-L, send e-mail to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu
with one line in the body of your message:
SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <put your real name here>

To get help on how to run the listserver, send e-mail to
listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu with one line
in the body of your message:
HELP

To send a message to all current BEE-L subscribers, mail it to
BEE-L@uacsc2.albany.edu.


* Beekeeping Home Page (WWW)
   http://alfred1.u.washington.edu:8080/~jlks/bee.html

* _Apis_ Magazine archive (WWW)
   http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu:7999/~entweb/apis/apis.html

* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Colorado State University
    http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/ent.html

* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Iowa State University
    http://www.public.iastate.edu/~entomology/

* sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu  Anonymous ftp
* sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu  Gopher
 (comments on the above to postmaster@sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu)

* crl.com      Anonymous ftp
                password <your e-mail address>
                /users/ro/robbee/BEE>

* sunsite.unc.edu   Anonymous ftp, gopher, telnet 
   /pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping
/pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping/newsletters/apis
 (an updated list of sunsite's resources is available. Email
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu for the list)


*    ftp.ucdavis.edu    Anonymous ftp
/pub/extension/4h-youth/bee-keeping
    
Questions about accessing these sources may be answered locally or by
reading news.answers, news.announce.newusers or by writing me, and I'll try
to point you in the best direction.(adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu)
 Please don't be afraid to ask!


* Beekeeping FAQ's (frequently asked questions)


How to USE:

Internet E-Mail a message addressed to:  HINT.103@beenet.com
on subject line put the name of FAQ   :  HONEY ADULTERATION

Thats all, you are welcome to add a message.<G> Mail runs are
6am & 6pm. Problems, post to sysop@beenet.com ..


  FAQ                                           Last update    9-28-94
  name                                                * NEW or UPDATED
_________
HINT.IND        THIS INDEX                                          *
WB-FILE.ZIP     Beekeeping Files Wild Bee's BBS 9k                9/28
yellow.jacket   How to get rid of them! Adrian Wenner             8/94
argentin.ant    Argentine Ant Control   Adrian Wenner             8/94
ambee.fed       Info-Joining American Beekeeping Federation
apimon95.txt    Info- APIMONDIA 1995 Meeting
mead.lst        How to join the Mead list mail
bee-l.faq       How to find Bee Info on Internet, Bee-L FAQ's++   9/10
import.relief   Letter to Congress, William J. Clinton (1994)
usda-bee.lab    Address & Info on Sending Dead bee samples (1992)
formic.txt      Warning on use of Formic Acid by beekeepers (1992)
propolis        Jerry Bronenshenk on PROPOLIS (1993)
4-H.txt         4-H joins the Internet (1993)
FSHEET11        INFORMATION US BEEKEEPING
HINT.101        SOURCES OF BEEKEEPING INFORMATION
HINT.102        HONEY AND ITS USES
HINT.103        HONEY ADULTERATION
HINT.104        FLORIDA BEE INSPECTION
HINT.105        FLORIDA BEARS AND BEEKEEPING
HINT.106        HONEY HOUSE SANITATION
HINT.107        FLORIDA HONEY LABELING REGULATIONS
HINT.108        PRODUCING SECTION (COMB) HONEY
HINT.109        EXHIBITING HONEY
HINT.110        SAMPLE POLLINATION AGREEMENT
HINT.111        SOLAR BEESWAX RENDERING AND HINTS FOR EXHIBITING WAX BLOCKS
HINT.112        EXTENSION APICULTURAL VISUAL AIDS
HINT.113        USING HONEY IN LARGE-QUANTITY RECIPES
HINT.115        GOOD NEIGHBOR GUIDELINES AND ORDINANCES
HINT.116        CHALKBROOD RECOMMENDATIONS
HINT.117        HONEY MARKETING SURVEY
HINT.118        PRODUCING POLLEN
HINT.119        FINANCIAL MANGEMENT FOR BEEKEEPERS
HINT.120        UPWARD VENTILATION
HINT.121        WAX MOTH CONTROL
HINT.122        BEE STINGS AND REACTIONS
HINT.123        EXTENSION APICULTURE IN FLORIDA
HINT.124        FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RATIOS FOR BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.125        PRESERVING WOODENWARE IN BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.126        THE VALUE OF POLLINATION BY HONEY BEES
HINT.127        THE VARROA BEE MITE
HINT.128        INFANT BOTULISM AND HONEY
HINT.129        HONEY JUDGING AND STANDARDS
HINT.130        USING THE HONEY REFRACTOMETER
HINT.131        OBSERVATION BEE HIVES

All HINT's courtesy of Malcolm T. Sanford, Cooperative Extension Service
University of Florida, Gainesville, Fl  e:mail mts@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
*beenet.com is a Information Service for Beekeepers & Friends, operated by
Andy Nachbaur from the Wild Bee's BBS, 209-826-8107, Los Banos, CA
****Thanks to Andy Nachbaur for putting this together.****
Andy would like your talents in expanding this service.
Interested? Write him. Email Andy.Nachbaur@beeneet.com


 
* Honey Hotline                       NHB Food Technology Program
  1 -800-356-5941                     P.O. Box 281525
  415-340-3568  (FAX)              San Franscisco, CA 94128-1525 USA

* National Honey Board
  421 21 st, suite 203,
  Longmont, CO  80501 USA
  303-776-2337

* The American Apitherapy Society, Inc.
 P.O. Box 124, Woodsville, NH 03785
  603-747-2507 (V,F)


 *International Bee Research Association
  18 North Rd
  Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK
  F: (+44)222 665522
  V: (+44)222 372409 (24 hrs)

 * Mead lovers list:
mead-lovers-request@eklektix.com   mead mailing list (subscribe, unsubscribe,
etc)
mead-lovers@eklektix.com (to send message to all current mead-lover subscribers)
	
* The Mead Association
 P.O. Box 4666
 Grand Junction, CO 81502
 1-800-693-MEAD
 outside US 303-442-9111 

* Mead book list: for a good list of books on mead mail: jkl2@Ra.MsState.edu 
 ask for book list.


***** Printed Beekeeping Reference Sources ******

* For an extensive list of Australian beekeeping references e:mail
adent@deakin.edu.au 

* For British beekeeping references and general British bee information, e:mail roe@crosfield.co.uk

* Sheila A. Lafferty, librarian/archivist at uconn. handles the _ Hewitt
Apicultural Collection_ containing both books and periodicals. 
Write her for a bibliography, e:mail: wbladmo3@uconnvm.uconn.edu


***** Specialists *****

* John Mcghee, VA Dept of Agriculture Apiary Inspector wishes questions from,
 and has a list of resources for *beginning beekeepers*.  He will focus on
 practical management and the first years for beekeepers.
  e:mail  mcghee@hopper.itc.virginia.edu

 * Dr. Rick Fell, Apiculture/Entomology professor and researcher at VA Tech
is available for questions, comments and queries.         
e:mail  rfell@vt.edu




 * Dr. Adrian Wenner, Biology professor and researcher at UCAL SB has
available information on Yellow Jacket Control.
e:mail wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu 

 * Jim Dixon has information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email jdixon@ogopogo.educ.sfu.ca

 * Sharon J. Collman, W.S.U. Cooperative Extension, also has Yellow Jacket
control information.
email collmans@wsuvm.csc.wsu.edu

* For historical bee lore questions (bees knees), and bee lore info
write Warner Granade, Librarian at UVa.
e:mail jwg2y@poe.acc.virginia.edu

* Pollen Information, including pollen production and pollen usage is 
available from Rob Bidleman.
e:mail robbee@crl.com or Anonymous FTP crl.com (see previous section on FTP
sites) 

* Paul Cheng will be coordinating the Bee sting/venom/allergy FAQ.
email him with your information/input.
email pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu


* BOMBUS
 A mailing list dedicated to Bumblebees!!
 To subscribe, send a message to bombus-request@csi.uottawa.ca.
 To send a message to everyone on the list, mail it to
 bombus@csi.uottawa.ca.
 The Bombus list is maintained by Chris Plowright
 (plowright@csi.uottawa.ca)




  FAQ List
 The following list of frequently asked questions was compiled by 
 Rick Hough (rshough@tasc.com)  


Folks? Please answer some of these questions if you can find time.
(you'll get your name in the FAQ!)

  Why did my beehive die?
  What is the difference between Honey Bees and other stinging insects?
  How do I recognize a honey bee?
  Why do Bees Sting?
  What Should I do if there are bees flying all around me?
  What is the best treatment for a bee sting?
  Is it true that all bees/honeybees will more likely attack things that
  are tall/dark/furry-hairy/smelly (what kind of smells?) ?
  What is an African Bee, and how do I recognize it?
  Why are African Bees called "Killer Bees?"
  Are African Bees really dangerous?
  Do I have to worry about African Bees? (will African Bees be moving into
  my neighborhood?)
  How far north will the "killer Bees" get, and when?
  Bibliography of children's books on bees.
  Bibliography of beekeeping texts.
  Bibliography of biology (habitat, parasites, etc.)
  Protective gear.
  Finding Queens.
  Regulatory and research people and their addresses.
  AHB Progress and news.
  What is the National Honey Board?
  How do I find a local beekeeper?
  What is a swarm -are they dangerous
  Are their different races of honeybees? What are they and how do they
  differ?
  Supering.
  Honey Production.
  Queen Rearing.
  Social Order.
  Lore.
  Bee Deterrent?
  Swarm removal.


   Thanks,

Rick   rshough@tasc.com

Adam   adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu

-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From mike_j2@sfov1.verifone.com Tue Oct 25 12:31:06 EDT 1994
Article: 932 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!yeshua.marcam.com!charnel.ecst.csuchico.edu!olivea!uunet!sfov1.verifone.com!mike_j2
From: mike_j2@sfov1.verifone.com (Mike Jaquet, SM2, Auburn, CA)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Looking for a Hive in DC
Message-ID: <1994Oct24.161132.1764@sfov1.verifone.com>
Date: 24 Oct 94 16:11:32 -0800
References: <rdr.7.2EA799D2@law.cua.edu>
Organization: VeriFone Inc.
Lines: 39

(Rick Regan) writes:
> Is the beginning of winter an appropriate time to start,.... 

I'll jump in here and pass on the advice that was given to me.
Try to find a local beekeepers organization, hopefully one that leans more
towards the educational rather than social end of the hobby or business.
Then spend this winter reading books, subscribing to magazines, ordering
catalogs, going to the library, and those sorts of things.

Since you are in D.C., go check out the Smithsonians observation hive in their
museum of natural science.  You might even be able to arrange a meeting with
their beekeeper since you are in the area.

The local club I'm a member of here in N. California gives a free beekeeping
class for beginners in the spring, maybe you can find a group near you giving
similar lessons.  Then, once you have read anything you can get your hands on,
perhaps found a local beekeeper and helped him or her work with their bees,
have your bee suit or veil and smoker and hive tools.  Then you'll be better
informed to begin to keep bees.

You might use this winter to order wood and start building up your hive boxes
and frames.  Basically get everything ready for the spring and the bee's
natural build-up period.  Get your medications noted and scheduled, prepare a
calender of what happens locally, when your local honey flows are, what local
restrictions you may have to contend with.

Also see if you have a local county agricultural extension agent.  They are a
good source of information, and can often point you towards some good helpfull
people or clubs.  Plus your local 4H clubs may have beekeepers.

Then, lastly, don't get discouraged if your first year does not give you a big
harvest.  It will take your bees the first year to build up the foundation
combs, plus you'll be learning how to deal with them and manage them for your
local area.  You'll learn about swarms, and mites, and flowers, and stings, and
if all goes well you'll learn a better appreciation for the little buzzing
honey bee.

mike_j2@sfov1.verifone.com      | just a small time hobbyist, but that's okay.



From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Wed Oct 26 10:53:41 EDT 1994
Article: 933 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!dziuxsolim.rutgers.edu!uunet!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!news.moneng.mei.com!uwm.edu!caen!msuinfo!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!roberts-1f3-03.cc.monash.edu.au!roadent
From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Magnetic attraction
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 1994 06:34:16 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 16
Message-ID: <roadent.808.2EACA6E8@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
References: <9410051538.PN29619@LL.MIT.EDU> <CxKH06.Bz9@compsci.liverpool.ac.uk> <CxLGon.IE@cuug.ab.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-03.cc.monash.edu.au

In article <CxLGon.IE@cuug.ab.ca> dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588) writes:
>: > with some itch a few days later.  A sting over my eye last
>: > night had my eye swollen shut however.  Has anyone else 

>I think that parts of the body that are stung often swell less, but 
>unstung parts remain more sensitive - but perhaps that is why we seldom 
>permit them to be stung.


I think another possible explanation (I have no evidence to support it, 
so....I could be wrong...) is that there is more flesh on the arms so 
swelling can go "inward" as well as outward.  With places like eyes, and 
other spots on the skull, there is bone more immediately beneath the skin, 
so the swelling can only go outward.

Adrian.


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Wed Oct 26 10:53:42 EDT 1994
Article: 934 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!caen!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: USDA: Honey Bees Used As A Biological Control
Message-ID: <Cy96zn.673@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Wed, 26 Oct 1994 00:06:59 GMT
Lines: 69

Date: 25 Oct 94 16:33:00 EDT
From: "LISA SPURLOCK" <lspurlock@asrr.arsusda.gov>

USDA Agricultural Research Service                     Sean Adams
Information Staff, Greenbelt, Md.                      (301) 344-2723
 
BUSY BEES COULD TAKE ON NEW PEST-CONTROL ROLE
     WASHINGTON, Oct. 24--A typical worker honeybee flies 500
miles and can search thousands of flowers for pollen and
nectar that it carries back to the beehive.  Now U.S.
Department of Agriculture scientists are using these female
bees to drop something off during their travels--an
environmentally friendly virus that kills crop pests.
     Scientists with USDA's Agricultural Research Service have
patented a device that dusts honeybees with a virus-talc
powder mixture when they leave the beehive.  As the bees buzz
>from  flower to flower, the virus and powder rub off their feet
and legs and onto the blossoms.  
     The virus is harmless to honeybees, but knocks down
populations of corn earworms that cause millions of dollars in
damage to crops, said John Hamm of the agency's Insect Biology
and Population Management Research Laboratory in Tifton, Ga.
     The virus-dusting device was developed by the late agency
entomologist Harry Gross, agency technician Raydene Johnson
and beekeeper J.C. Walters.  The patent, number 5,348,511, was
issued on Sept. 20.
     "Field studies show that the bees do a great job of
carrying the virus from one crimson clover flower to another,"
Hamm said.  "They're really ideal carriers because they work
hard and visit so many plants."  A bee has a foraging life
among flowers of 15 to 20 days--until the wings fray and wear
out.
     Hamm, who worked with Gross and cooperators on the
biocontrol field studies, said the virus killed from 74 to 87
percent of corn earworm larvae in crimson clover fields where
the bees carried the virus, called a nuclear polyhedrosis
virus (NPV).  That's compared to only 11 to 14 percent
mortality in fields where bees were not used.
     "The studies were done only with NPV and corn earworms,
but the beehive device can be used with any biocontrol agent
that doesn't harm the bees," he said.  That's the case with
NPV, which attacks only corn earworms and tobacco budworms and
does not hurt bees or other beneficial insects.  ARS
scientists at Beltsville, Md., have tested NPV in mice and
rats and have found no evidence of toxicity, Hamm said.
     The dusting device fits on the bottom of a standard
beehive.  It allows the bees to enter unobstructed.  But when
they leave the hive, they are forced to walk over a pan as
they exit.  Scientists put a mixture of NPV and talc powder in
the pan, so the bees' legs and feet are covered with the
mixture.
     Eric H. Erickson, who heads the ARS Honey Bee Research Lab
in Tucson, Ariz., said the new device is timely and
"definitely should be pursued.  It should be especially
appealing to beekeepers who rent their bees for pollinating
crops."
                                     #
NOTE TO EDITORS:  Contact John Hamm, entomologist, Insect
Biology and Population Management Research Lab, Agricultural
Research Service, USDA, Tifton, Ga.  31793.  Telephone:  (912)
387-2323.       
 
END


-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Wed Oct 26 10:53:43 EDT 1994
Article: 935 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!purdue!haven.umd.edu!news.umbc.edu!eff!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!uunet!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Re: Looking for a Hive in DC
Message-ID: <Cy7w4G.Mxp@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
References: <rdr.7.2EA799D2@law.cua.edu> <1994Oct24.161132.1764@sfov1.verifone.com>
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 1994 07:14:40 GMT
Lines: 13

In article <1994Oct24.161132.1764@sfov1.verifone.com>,
Mike Jaquet, SM2, Auburn, CA <mike_j2@sfov1.verifone.com> wrote:
>(Rick Regan) writes:
>
>Since you are in D.C., go check out the Smithsonians observation hive in their
>museum of natural science.  You might even be able to arrange a meeting with
>their beekeeper since you are in the area.

 This hive is dead from AFB :(
-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From mythago@agora.rdrop.com Thu Oct 27 11:06:06 EDT 1994
Article: 936 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!yeshua.marcam.com!charnel.ecst.csuchico.edu!psgrain!agora!agora.rdrop.com!mythago
From: mythago@agora.rdrop.com (Laurel Halbany)
Subject: Urban Hives?
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
Sender: news@agora.rdrop.com (USENET News)
Nntp-Posting-Host: agora.rdrop.com
Organization: RainDrop Laboratories
Message-ID: <CyAxKA.Cv@agora.rdrop.com>
Date: Wed, 26 Oct 1994 22:38:33 GMT
Lines: 9

Has anyone had experience keeping an apiary in an urban area?
I am concerned about whether the bees will find enough food
for themselves and honey production (the area we're moving
to is residential, but it's still in the city) and about
problems with neighbors (people can be very irrational
about bees).

And if anybody knows of resources for beekeepers in the
Portland (Oregon) area, I'd like to hear about that too!


From rdr@law.cua.edu Thu Oct 27 21:10:48 EDT 1994
Article: 937 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!gt-news!cc.gatech.edu!darwin.sura.net!news.cua.edu!fac40.law.cua.edu!rdr
From: rdr@law.cua.edu (Rick Regan)
Subject: "DC Bans Bees!" 
Message-ID: <rdr.9.2EAF9CE7@law.cua.edu>
Lines: 15
Sender: news@news.cua.edu (USENET News System)
Organization: Catholic University of America
References: <rdr.7.2EA799D2@law.cua.edu> <Cy1B6w.AAq@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu>
Date: Thu, 27 Oct 1994 12:28:23 GMT

>  Rick,
>Oh, sorry to tell you this, but I think it is illegal to keep bees 
>in the District. I don't know if they enforce the regulations..
>    Regards,
>      Lary Kellogg


Larry, thanks for the info.  You are correct though, "DC Bans Bees!"
I spoke with most of the District government this morning, and finally 
reached a very helpful woman named Tina Harper in Animal Control and 
Communicable Diseases.  She read the regulations to me that said "a hive in 
not permitted in DC, unless bees are confined in a hive or somehow confined 
to the owners' property."  Oh, well.  More middle class 'flight' to the 
suburbs. I going to call a friend with a big yard, in MD, and put my 
hive there. Thanks again.   Rick Regan	


From owen@rsnz.govt.nz Thu Oct 27 21:10:49 EDT 1994
Article: 938 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!caen!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!usc!news.service.uci.edu!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!munnari.oz.au!comp.vuw.ac.nz!watson.rsnz.govt.nz!user
From: owen@rsnz.govt.nz (Owen Watson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Laying workers - new research
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 1994 09:33:36 +1200
Organization: Royal Society of New Zealand
Lines: 33
Message-ID: <owen-2810940933360001@watson.rsnz.govt.nz>
NNTP-Posting-Host: watson.rsnz.govt.nz

London, Oct 27 AAP - Old notions about the birds and the bees are being
challenged as revolution is threatened by discontented beehive workers.
At least that's according to Australian scientific research, which has
found evidence of anarchy in the beehive and moves to usurp the queen bee.
A team from the School of Genetics and Human Variation at Victoria's La
Trobe University said in this week's Nature journal that worker bees had
found a way to cheat the system which normally favoured eggs laid by the
queen.
The researchers, Benjamin Oldroyd, Adam Smolenski, Jean-Marie Cornuet and
Ross Crozier, said worker bees often have functional ovaries able to
produce fertile male eggs. 
However, reproduction by worker bees was extremely rare in many species,
and that probably was suppressed by a mutual policing behaviour where
workers prevented others from laying eggs. 
In honeybees, eggs laid by the queen are protected and can be identified
by smell, while worker-laid eggs, which do not contain the distinctive
pheromone, are destroyed by other workers. 
However, the research team said its DNA tracing of a bee colony at
Ipswich, Queensland, had found workers who got around the system. 
One of the males mating with the queen had passed on an ability to his
worker offspring to evade the policing mechanism. His progeny were able to
develop ovaries and produce a queen-like pheromone which protected their
eggs.
Such bees probably were more ``queen-like'' than normal bees, and there
was a chance those ``false queens'' could be installed in queenless
colonies, the team said.
``This anarchistic behaviour could rapidly spread in honeybee
populations,'' the researchers wrote, adding the fitness of those bees is
higher than that of workers who can not evade policing. 
They said their results demonstrated ``a previously unrecognised dynamic
equilibrium between reproductive conflict and cooperation''. 
What that means for the future of the queen bee, and the current orderly
but competitive system of the hive, is unknown.


From sorind@crash.cts.com Fri Oct 28 21:27:47 EDT 1994
Article: 939 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!crash!sorind
From: sorind@crash.cts.com (Sorin Damian)
Subject: Hives in San Diego area
Organization: CTS Network Services (CTSNET), San Diego, CA
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 1994 03:44:45 GMT
Message-ID: <CyD6EL.G4p@crash.cts.com>
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
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Nntp-Posting-Host: crash.cts.com
Lines: 5

New in SD area.
I'd like to find apiaries in SD area, addresses/prices..and so on
any feedback will be welcomed
sorin



From hector@cix.compulink.co.uk Fri Oct 28 21:27:48 EDT 1994
Article: 940 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!psuvax1!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!EU.net!uknet!cix.compulink.co.uk!hector
From: hector@cix.compulink.co.uk ("Tony Ferris")
Subject: Database software
Message-ID: <CyBvDC.1H1@cix.compulink.co.uk>
Organization: Compulink Information eXchange
Date: Thu, 27 Oct 1994 10:48:48 GMT
X-News-Software: Ameol
Lines: 13

Hi,

Anyone know of any database software for Beekeeping that would work
on an Amstrad PCW (CPM)...

A customer of mine has 20+ hives in the UK and would like to keep
track of them all. I realise that practically any database program
could be setup to do this but he's a computer novice and a customised
program would be just the job.

Regards,
Tony



From rogerc@dante.exide.com Fri Oct 28 21:27:49 EDT 1994
Article: 941 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!dante.exide.com!dante.exide.com!rogerc
From: rogerc@dante.exide.com (Roger Chen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping equipment - FOR SALE (Raleigh NC)
Date: 26 Oct 1994 15:15:36 GMT
Organization: seas
Lines: 47
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <38lrqo$7ah@dante.exide.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: inferno.exide.com

Though it has been an educational and enjoyable hobby for five
years, my priorities are now forcing me to leave beekeeping.
I am selling the following equipment, and two working hives
as described below:

Unassembled hive parts
----------------------
3 super boxes
9 super frames
2 outside covers
1 inside cover
10 sheets Duragilt 8 1/2 x 16 7/8 (hive body depth)

Assembled hive parts
--------------------
2 hive body boxes (no frames)
4 supers, 3 with full comb, 1 with bare Duragilt
3 queen excluders
1 inter-hive frame feeder
Misc. hive parts

Populated Hives
---------------
1 colony of Italian, crosscombed beyond repair, but an excellent
	honey producer
1 colony of Midnite hybrid, serviceable, a moderately good
	producer

Other Equipment
---------------
Jr. Bench Extractor (Dadant), will take up to 2 hive body sized frames
	like-new condition
Hot knife, excellent condition
Medium sized full-body bee suit + veil + hat + gloves
1 pkg Terramycin, unopened
1 pkg Apistan strips, opened, 4 strips removed

Will sell all above items for $500 (cash only), but will consider

selling individual items _as_long_as_ I sell the populated hives
first.  Will consider reasonable offers - please inquire to:

		rogerc@exide.com
		(Roger Chen)

Note: All items located in Raleigh, NC except for one of the hives
which is in Durham.


From J.D.Holland@massey.ac.nz Fri Oct 28 21:27:50 EDT 1994
Article: 942 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!ukma!jobone!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!panix!news.mathworks.com!yeshua.marcam.com!charnel.ecst.csuchico.edu!olivea!decwrl!ames!waikato!comp.vuw.ac.nz!news.massey.ac.nz!ab-pc21!J.D.Holland
From: J.D.Holland@massey.ac.nz (John Holland)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: any S.African subscribers
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 1994 10:07:44 UNDEFINED
Organization: Agricultural Economics and Business, Massey
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X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev B]

What's the latest re. the capensis (sp) debacle in SA?


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Sat Oct 29 15:48:00 EDT 1994
Article: 943 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!uwm.edu!msuinfo!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!roberts-1f3-03.cc.monash.edu.au!roadent
From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: honey recipies
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 1994 03:33:39 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
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Message-ID: <roadent.822.2EB1C293@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-03.cc.monash.edu.au
Summary: increse my sales....

Hey guys...I am looking for some honey recipies to compile into a series of 
leaflets as an added selling point with my honey.
Any recipies that include honey would be most appreciated.
Thanks.
Adrian.  (roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au)


From adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU Sat Oct 29 15:48:01 EDT 1994
Article: 944 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!uunet!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU!adamf
From: adamf@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU (Adam Finkelstein)
Subject: Are we missing something?
Message-ID: <CyG3s2.31z@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: Public Access Internet at UVa.
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 1994 17:40:50 GMT
Lines: 16

 I ran across this in another newsgroup.
 Borneo?
:)


Newsgroups: alt.sustainable.agriculture
Subject: bee keeping
Message-ID: <6ac_9410280900@psybbs.durham.nc.us>

You forgot to mention the Vampire Mite from Borneo who are wiping out entire
bee colonies (5,000 of them) in the Frazer Valley.

-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From c_dbowen@qualcomm.com Sun Oct 30 23:03:15 EST 1994
Article: 945 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: c_dbowen@qualcomm.com (Don Bowen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Hives in San Diego area
Date: 28 Oct 1994 20:34:53 GMT
Organization: SAS
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References: <CyD6EL.G4p@crash.cts.com>
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X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.90.4

In article <CyD6EL.G4p@crash.cts.com>, sorind@crash.cts.com (Sorin Damian) says:
>
>New in SD area.
>I'd like to find apiaries in SD area, addresses/prices..and so on
>any feedback will be welcomed
>sorin
>


	About the only place in San Diego is in Del Mar.  It is east of 
I5 on Del Mar Heights Rd.  It is a couple of miles from the Freway
on the left.  It is behind a gift shop.  THe selection is poor and you
will do much better by mail order

	DonB


From libby@igc.apc.org Sun Oct 30 23:03:15 EST 1994
Article: 946 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!enews.sgi.com!news.igc.apc.org!cdp!igc.org!igc.apc.org!libby
From: Libby Goldstein <libby@igc.apc.org>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 29 Oct 94 17:53 PDT
Subject: Re: Urban Hives?
Message-ID: <2149900007@cdp>
References: <CyAxKA.Cv@agora.rdrop.com>
Sender: Notesfile to Usenet Gateway <notes@igc.apc.org>
Lines: 8

We keep 3 hives in our community garden where there's usually lots
of food, but even before we got into beekeeping bees from the
hives of other beekeepers here in Philly used to visit both our
comunity garden and all of our backyards. Portland has a big
community gardening program and so there should be a whole bunch
of food around.

Libby


From libby@igc.apc.org Sun Oct 30 23:03:16 EST 1994
Article: 947 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!enews.sgi.com!news.igc.apc.org!cdp!igc.org!igc.apc.org!libby
From: Libby Goldstein <libby@igc.apc.org>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 29 Oct 94 17:59 PDT
Subject: Re: honey recipies
Message-ID: <2149900008@cdp>
References: <roadent.822.2EB1C293@halls1.cc.m>
Sender: Notesfile to Usenet Gateway <notes@igc.apc.org>
Lines: 7

Yo, Adrian

I think I have some recipes in my files. If we ever get the new
computer set up so I can access them easily, I'll upload them for
you.

Libby


From libby@igc.apc.org Sun Oct 30 23:03:17 EST 1994
Article: 948 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!enews.sgi.com!news.igc.apc.org!cdp!igc.org!igc.apc.org!libby
From: Libby Goldstein <libby@igc.apc.org>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 29 Oct 94 18:00 PDT
Subject: Re: Are we missing something?
Message-ID: <2149900009@cdp>
References: <CyG3s2.31z@murdoch.acc.virginia_>
Sender: Notesfile to Usenet Gateway <notes@igc.apc.org>
Lines: 5

Hi Adam

May we dare hope these Borneo Vampire Mites only love warm weather?

Libby


From altabios@bham.ac.uk Mon Oct 31 20:28:06 EST 1994
Article: 949 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Urban Hives?
Date: 31 Oct 1994 12:54:25 GMT
Organization: The University of Birmingham, UK
Lines: 10
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References: <CyAxKA.Cv@agora.rdrop.com>
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In article <CyAxKA.Cv@agora.rdrop.com>, mythago@agora.rdrop.com (Laurel Halbany) says:


I can only speak for the UK, but I think that urban areas are in fact
better for bees than the country. There are simply more trees and flowers.
Acres of wheat or grassland are no good at all.
Neighbours have to be carefully considered though. As long as you have a high
hedge or fence to force the bees to fly high then you should be OK. You 
have to ensure that there is no one in the flight path.
The odd jar of honey as a present does sweeten things though.


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Mon Oct 31 20:28:07 EST 1994
Article: 950 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!gt-news!cc.gatech.edu!darwin.sura.net!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!usenet.cis.ufl.edu!caen!msuinfo!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!roberts-1f3-03.cc.monash.edu.au!roadent
From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: excuse me while I ROTFL
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 1994 04:45:55 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <roadent.836.2EB47683@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-03.cc.monash.edu.au
Summary: he he ha ha ho ho
Keywords: roll on the floor laughing!!!!

Oh deary deary me.  I am having a little trouble controlling my mirth.
Anybody remember the "hive in the roof" saga?
Well...the pest controllers came, destroyed the hive and left.
Last week.
So, now, only one week later, there are bees there again.
Gosh, I don't know why I worried that proffesional pest controllers wouldn't 
do the job properly.
Excuse me. I have to leave now.  I want to go and laugh in some peoples 
faces.
They should have listened!!!!!!

bwahahahaha....oh no....here come the men in little white coats to take me 
away!!!!!

hahahah hehehehehhehahahahahehehehehahahahaeh

Adrian.  (no... am perfectly sane.....PERFECTLY!!!!)


From mike_j2@sfov1.verifone.com Wed Nov  2 20:50:31 EST 1994
Article: 951 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!nntp.msstate.edu!emory!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!EU.net!uunet!sfov1.verifone.com!mike_j2
From: mike_j2@sfov1.verifone.com (Mike Jaquet, SM2, Auburn, CA)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: "DC Bans Bees!" ex
Message-ID: <1994Oct31.094401.1825@sfov1.verifone.com>
Date: 31 Oct 94 09:44:01 -0800
References: <rdr.7.2EA799D2@law.cua.edu> <Cy1B6w.AAq@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu> <rdr.9.2EAF9CE7@law.cua.edu>
Organization: VeriFone Inc.
Lines: 13

 
> Communicable Diseases.  She read the regulations to me that said "a hive in 
> not permitted in DC, unless bees are confined in a hive or somehow confined 
> to the owners' property."

I guess this means the Smithsonian Institution must have a special exemption.
They have an observation hive on a second floor with an exit tube going to
the outside.  I dare say thoses bees are easily landing on the White House
Flowers.

Just wondering what kind of exemption the Smithsonian has for their hive.

mike_j2


From roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com Wed Nov  2 20:50:33 EST 1994
Article: 952 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Nntp-Posting-Host: 136.141.220.39
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 12:48:51 -0500
From: roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: usa
Subject: Re: Urban Hives?
Message-ID: <roh033.mah48d-011194124435@136.141.220.39>
References: <CyAxKA.Cv@agora.rdrop.com>
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 25

In article <CyAxKA.Cv@agora.rdrop.com>, mythago@agora.rdrop.com (Laurel
Halbany) wrote:

> Has anyone had experience keeping an apiary in an urban area?
> I am concerned about whether the bees will find enough food
> for themselves and honey production (the area we're moving
> to is residential, but it's still in the city) and about
> problems with neighbors (people can be very irrational
> about bees).

My hive in Pennsylvania is in a distinctly suburban environment.  There are
no houses directly behind ours, but all the rest of the way around are
nothing but several miles of homes.  The lot is about 1/4 acre.  Depending
upon the particular year, the bees do from "well enough" to "great" for
finding food.  I suspect much of it is from trees, but things like berries,
flowering lawn weeds and garden flowers are surely sources as well.  A
friend who has a couple of hives several miles away from mine, but in a
similar environment, has had much the same experience.

There are a fair number of trees and a tall hedge along the side of my lot.
 The bees gain altitude immediately to top these obstacles, and thus never
seem to bother the neighbors.

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From rdr@law.cua.edu Wed Nov  2 20:50:34 EST 1994
Article: 953 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!darwin.sura.net!news.cua.edu!fac40.law.cua.edu!rdr
From: rdr@law.cua.edu (Rick Regan)
Subject: Amer. Honey Producers' League
Message-ID: <rdr.10.2EB68875@law.cua.edu>
Summary: looking for info on A.H.P.L.
Lines: 14
Sender: news@news.cua.edu (USENET News System)
Organization: Catholic University of America
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 18:27:01 GMT


I'm looking for any information on the American Honey Producers' League.  I'
m interested in any trade associations, independent labor unions, or US 
political action committees which concern themselves with beekeeping or 
honey production.

I'm working on a project about organizations for small/mid-size agri-
businesses.  Any bee related info would be helpful.

Rick Regan
Catholic University of America
Columbus School of Law
Washington, DC
regan@law.cua.edu


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sun Nov  6 23:26:18 EST 1994
Article: 954 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: B.Mail 11/94
Date: 2 Nov 1994 15:38:07 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 160
Message-ID: <398bov$dji@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf


====================================================
 
B.MAIL
 
A monthly newsletter on issues and events in the bee world, provided
by IBRA, the world information service for bee science and beekeeping.
 
November 1994
 
====================================================
 
Welcome again to B.mail.
 
A brief note for those of you who are seeing this column for the first
time.  B.mail will announce meetings (mostly international or otherwise
major ones) and new publications that are of interest to scientists and
beekeepers, as well as reporting current events and discussing topics
that are relevant at the moment. What B.mail is NOT is another bulletin
board, for people to chat and air their views.  It is simply a reference
point, with sources of further information identified for those who want
to know more.
 
That's our statement of purpose: and don't worry, you won't see it
here every month.
 
RESISTANT VARROA?
 
This edition looks at the issue of mite resistance to acaricides,
especially varroa's reported resistance to fluvalinate.  Those of you
who follow only the English language literature might not be aware of
the wealth of discussion on this issue, some informed and some, well,
not so informed.  The issue was first thoroughly aired in Italy, where
after some years of varroa treatment with fluvalinate a decrease in
efficacy was noted.  (Some of the reports talk about treatment with,
and resistance to, Apistan.  Most of the treatment was with home-
made remedies such as plywood strips soaked in an agricultural
preparation of fluvalinate, and of course any resistance is to the
chemical and not a product).
 
The beekeeping press in Europe has discussed this issue a lot, with
headlines ranging from the strident ('Resistances a l'Apistan? Danger!!')
to the pensive ('Resistenza della varroa all'Apistan...ma siamo propio
sicuri?').
 
Probably the first report in English on this is 'Possible presence of
fluvalinate-resistant strains of varroa in northern Italy' by Norberto
Milani in the  publication 'New perspectives on varroa', fresh off the
presses at IBRA (see below).  Dr Milani tells me that he will be
publishing a fuller research paper in English soon.
 
GAINING NEW PERSPECTIVES
 
In eastern Europe, the former Soviet-bloc countries, varroa has been a
fact of beekeeping life for more than 25 years. The barriers which kept
us from sharing in this experience have now gone, and we can learn
>from  colleagues in that part of the world much more easily.  With
funding from a European Commission programme IBRA organized a
specialist workshop on varroa research, involving about 40 scientists
>from  countries in eastern and central Europe, the European Union and
other parts of western Europe.
 
The results of this workshop are now out. New perspectives on varroa
will bring readers up to date with what's happening in European varroa
research and beekeeping practice, with contributions from 18
countries.
 
Four review papers look at interactions between varroa and pathogens,
breeding honey bees tolerant of varroa, control methods actually and
potentially in use, and the impact of this parasite on beekeeping.
 
Twenty-five technical articles are organized into five sections: varroa
biology, honey bee susceptibility, chemical control, other control
methods, and the issues that varroa poses for beekeeping.  There are
also reports from discussion groups on current concerns and plans for
future research.
 
Many topics important for the future of varroa and beekeeping are
under discussion in Europe. Breeding resistant bees, the role of
secondary pathogens, non-chemical control, using plant oils and heat
treatment against varroa; problems with fluvalinate resistance;
developing new chemical controls - are all covered in this volume.
 
SYMPOSIUM: 'WORLD TRADE IN BEES AND BEE PRODUCTS'
 
There are at present exciting developments in the trade of bee products
and bees. The concern of honey producers in some countries about
cheap imports, the growth in international trade in live bees, and the
effects of the recent Gatt round are matters of interest for beekeepers
everywhere.
 
To promote informed debate about these issues IBRA is organizing a
symposium at the 34th international apicultural congress in Lausanne,
Switzerland. 'World trade in bees and bee products' will take place as
part of the congress programme, on Wednesday 16 August 1995.
 
Invited speakers from all around the world will present up-to-date
information and views on current and likely future patterns in
international trade in honey, beeswax, other bee products and live
bees.  There will be the opportunity for contributed poster
presentations.
 
SIXTH IBRA CONFERENCE ON TROPICAL BEES: MANAGEMENT AND
DIVERSITY
 
13-19 August 1996, San Jose Costa Rica
 
The next conference in IBRA's series on bees and apiculture in tropical
climates is being organized by IBRA and hosted by the Universidad
Nacional Costa Rica. A range of interesting and topical themes is being
selected for conference sessions, and the first announcement with
these details will be available at the beginning of 1995.
 
Contact: Sixth IBRA Conference on Tropical Bees, 18 North Road,
Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK.
 
MORE ON TROPICAL BEES AND BEEKEEPING
 
The papers presented at the last IBRA conference on tropical apiculture
(Trinidad and Tobago, 1992) are available in the conference
proceedings.  These contributions come from a wide range of
backgrounds and are a valuable source of information on beekeeping in
the tropical and subtropical regions of the world.
 
There are sessions on honey bee management, Africanized honey bees,
stingless bees, honey bees and the environment, the biology and
behaviour of tropical bees, and bee parasites, pests and diseases.
 
ONE MORE MEETING
 
A meeting with a difference, a British institution in fact.  The national
honey show attracts entries from all over the UK, as well as Ireland and
a few from further afield (like the Caribbean).  Apart from the show and
judging there is a sizeable trade exhibition and a lecture programme
over the three days of the event.
 
After a few peripatetic years the honey show has found a home in the
new Kensington Town Hall in London, and a fixed date in late
November (this year Thursday 24 - Saturday 26).  If you're in the area
at the time call in!
 
THAT'S IT
 
Send your news to us; we can't guarantee to use it, but it will help to
keep this spot topical.  (Our contacts are listed at the end of this
newsletter).
 
Andrew Matheson
Director
 
Return address:
E.mail: ibra@cardiff.ac.uk
Fax: (+44) 1222-665522
Telephone: (+44) 1222-372409
Snailmail: 18 North Road, Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK

-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca Sun Nov  6 23:26:19 EST 1994
Article: 955 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!yeshua.marcam.com!charnel.ecst.csuchico.edu!waldorf.csc.calpoly.edu!decwrl!tribune.usask.ca!canopus.cc.umanitoba.ca!veldhui
From: veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca (Phil Veldhuis)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: excuse me while I ROTFL
Date: 4 Nov 1994 01:57:19 GMT
Organization: University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Lines: 39
Message-ID: <39c4dv$7pl@canopus.cc.umanitoba.ca>
References: <roadent.836.2EB47683@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au> <1994Nov3.104634.1871@sfov1.verifone.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: mira.cc.umanitoba.ca

In article <1994Nov3.104634.1871@sfov1.verifone.com> mike_j2@sfov1.verifone.com (Mike Jaquet, SM2, Auburn, CA) writes:
>snip
>> Anybody remember the "hive in the roof" saga?
>
>Let's see now.  I suggested that you prepare a paper on the proper or preferred
>method of honeybee removal from a structure (in this case, a roof area).  Then
>I suggested you present the powers that be with that paper, and possibly get a
>local "professional" to back up your claims.

>Rather than being smug and a little self rightous, and rather than laughing at
>the administration's lack of knowledge regarding honeybees, you could instead
>now be pointing out that what should have been presented in your paper to them
>
>Rather than gloat with an "I told you so" attitude, in my opinion you should
>jump at the opportunity to educate the administration, present yourself as a
>knowledgeable LEVEL HEADED individual, and again offer to remove the bees, the
>hive, and waive any liability claims should any accidents occur.
>
Well this sounds perfectly reasonable: if you think a university 
administration will go for such an approach you are fooling yourself.

 
university administrations are not reasonable.  You could utterly convince
them of your competence and knowledge and they still would not let you go
on the roof.  BECAUSE STUDENTS AREN'T ALLOWED ON THE ROOF!!!  THAT IS THE
RULE!!!  AND IF WE WAIVE ONE LITTLE RULE IN ORDER TO SOLVE ONE RELATIVELY
MAJOR PROBLEM THEN WE MIGHT SET A PRECEDENT FOR SOLVING OTHER PROBLEMS,
AND THEN WE WOULDN'T NEED AN ADMINISTRATION!!! 

I would just laugh self-rightiously.  It may not be the best solution for 
everyone, but since the administration will look the best solution in the 
face and laugh, you'd better laugh back.


-- 
------------oooooooooooooooOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOooooooooooooo-------------
Phil Veldhuis           |  "if something is not worth doing, 
Winnipeg. MB, Canada    |  it is not worth doing right"
veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca |                     Dave Barry (1985)


From hyde@cs.utk.edu Sun Nov  6 23:26:19 EST 1994
Article: 956 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!dziuxsolim.rutgers.edu!uunet!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!cs.utk.edu!not-for-mail
From: hyde@cs.utk.edu (Bradley Hyde)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: "DC Bans Bees!"
Date: 3 Nov 1994 11:03:22 -0500
Organization: CS Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Lines: 1
Message-ID: <39b1kaINN365@hydra1f.cs.utk.edu>
References: <rdr.7.2EA799D2@law.cua.edu> <Cy1B6w.AAq@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu> <rdr.9.2EAF9CE7@law.cua.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: hydra1f.cs.utk.edu




From sknapp@delphi.com Sun Nov  6 23:26:20 EST 1994
Article: 957 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!caen!usenet.cis.ufl.edu!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!uunet!news.delphi.com!sknapp
From: sknapp@delphi.com (Rev. Stephen Knapp)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: BIG.MONEY.NOW! (bandwidth-bustin' me
Date: 2 Nov 1994 04:10:02 GMT
Organization: Delphi Internet Services Corporation
Lines: 33
Message-ID: <9411012307593.DLITE.sknapp@delphi.com>
References: <geoffmCyLLyB.BB@netcom.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1g.delphi.com
X-To: Rev. Stephen Knapp <sknapp@delphi.com>

Gosh Geoff, your post was a lot shorter but somehow I didn't enjoy it as
much.  Can't figure out why....


>ejaculation of literary Albino Pleasure Piss, 

>you could roll the hardcopy into a handy tube shape, slather it
>with your favorite lubricant, and shove it briskly into your
>cavernous rectum.  Thanks ever so much.
> 
>your clueless ilk. 
>
> we won't have to waste precious time
>hunting down and castrating ant additional miscreants from
>the shallow end of the gene pool.
> 
>Geoff Miller                    + + + + + + + +                Mountain
View  
>geoffm@netcom.com               +  DoD #0996  +                 California
>
 

I'm so glad you were able to show us all a much better use of bandwidth.  I
would hate to think that it had anything to do with entertainment.

|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Stephen Knapp           sknapp@delphi.com  *  I know you think you       |
|   Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago   *  understood what I said;    |
|       Chicago, IL   USA                    *  but I'm not sure I said    |
|                                            *  what you think I meant.    |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|




From mike_j2@sfov1.verifone.com Sun Nov  6 23:26:21 EST 1994
Article: 958 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!yeshua.marcam.com!charnel.ecst.csuchico.edu!olivea!uunet!sfov1.verifone.com!mike_j2
From: mike_j2@sfov1.verifone.com (Mike Jaquet, SM2, Auburn, CA)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: excuse me while I ROTFL
Message-ID: <1994Nov3.104634.1871@sfov1.verifone.com>
Date: 3 Nov 94 10:46:34 -0800
References: <roadent.836.2EB47683@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
Organization: VeriFone Inc.
Lines: 32

snip
> Anybody remember the "hive in the roof" saga?
> Well...the pest controllers came, destroyed the hive and left.
> Last week.
> So, now, only one week later, there are bees there again.
snip 
> Adrian.  (no... am perfectly sane.....PERFECTLY!!!!)

Let's see now.  I suggested that you prepare a paper on the proper or preferred
method of honeybee removal from a structure (in this case, a roof area).  Then
I suggested you present the powers that be with that paper, and possibly get a
local "professional" to back up your claims.
Rather than being smug and a little self rightous, and rather than laughing at
the administration's lack of knowledge regarding honeybees, you could instead
now be pointing out that what should have been presented in your paper to them
is exactly what has happened.  The exterminator had killed off the active bees
who were currently in the hive, but he did not kill the field bees, or the
unhatched brood.  Then you could point out that the exterminator will probably
need to make at least three more trips, and will still need to remove any
residual hive material, comb, and remaining honey and pollen.

Rather than gloat with an "I told you so" attitude, in my opinion you should
jump at the opportunity to educate the administration, present yourself as a
knowledgeable LEVEL HEADED individual, and again offer to remove the bees, the
hive, and waive any liability claims should any accidents occur.

Live and learn.  Since you are a student, education is a better way.

just my opinion as a local "small time" hobby beekeeper.

mike_j2@sfov1.verifone.com



From meaderyman@delphi.com Mon Nov  7 22:08:36 EST 1994
Article: 959 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!news.delphi.com!usenet
From: Robert Allen Stevens <meaderyman@delphi.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: new varroa research
Date: Mon, 7 Nov 94 19:12:40 -0500
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Is the varroa research book mentioned in the IBRA b-line posting available?
If so,m where and how much is it?


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Wed Nov  9 20:23:20 EST 1994
Article: 960 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!caen!msuinfo!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!roberts-1f3-02.cc.monash.edu.au!roadent
From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: excuse me while I ROTFL
Date: Tue, 8 Nov 1994 09:38:49 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 36
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References: <roadent.836.2EB47683@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au> <1994Nov3.104634.1871@sfov1.verifone.com> <39c4dv$7pl@canopus.cc.umanitoba.ca> <roadent.854.2EBF2E57@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roberts-1f3-02.cc.monash.edu.au

In article <39c4dv$7pl@canopus.cc.umanitoba.ca> veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca (Phil
Veldhuis) writes:

>In article <1994Nov3.104634.1871@sfov1.verifone.com>
>>
>>Let's see now.  I suggested that you prepare a paper on the proper or
>preferred
>>method of honeybee removal from a structure (in this case, a roof area). 

[snip]
>>>jump at the opportunity to educate the administration, present yourself as a
>>>knowledgeable LEVEL HEADED individual, and again offer to remove the bees,
>>the
>>>hive, and waive any liability claims should any accidents occur.
>>>
>>Well this sounds perfectly reasonable: if you think a university 
>>administration will go for such an approach you are fooling yourself.


How true!!!  I did as was suggested, I put in a maintenance card, with the 
paper, BUT...because of the various levels the maintenance cards go through, 
the "paper" was removed before it got to the relevant people....so...well...
I guess I will have to stick with the laughing

>>university administrations are not reasonable.  You could utterly convince
>>them of your competence and knowledge and they still would not let you go
>>on the roof.  BECAUSE STUDENTS AREN'T ALLOWED ON THE ROOF!!!  THAT IS THE
>>RULE!!!  AND IF WE WAIVE ONE LITTLE RULE IN ORDER TO SOLVE ONE RELATIVELY
>>MAJOR PROBLEM THEN WE MIGHT SET A PRECEDENT FOR SOLVING OTHER PROBLEMS,
>>AND THEN WE WOULDN'T NEED AN ADMINISTRATION!!! 

>>I would just laugh self-rightiously.  It may not be the best solution for 
>>everyone, but since the administration will look the best solution in the 
>>face and laugh, you'd better laugh back.




From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Wed Nov  9 20:23:21 EST 1994
Article: 961 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swiss.ans.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: new varroa research
Date: 8 Nov 1994 10:46:53 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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References: <J+2ULV4.meaderyman@delphi.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <J+2ULV4.meaderyman@delphi.com>,
Robert Allen Stevens  <meaderyman@delphi.com> wrote:
>Is the varroa research book mentioned in the IBRA b-line posting available?
>If so,m where and how much is it?

 I think you need to mail them (IBRA) and ask.
Adam
-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | (awaiting my muse...)
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au Wed Nov  9 20:23:22 EST 1994
Article: 962 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!panix!zip.eecs.umich.edu!caen!msuinfo!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!roberts-1f3-04.cc.monash.edu.au!roadent
From: roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Adrian Graham DENT - Rodent)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: I'm leaving......
Date: Wed, 9 Nov 1994 01:32:15 GMT
Organization: Halls of Residence, Monash University
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <roadent.857.2EC0269E@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au>
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Dear most favorite news group of them all.... I am leaving the newsgroup..
and I will also most likely be leaving bee-l, as I am losing acess to the 
internet.  My account is a university one, so as the end of the academic 
year approaches, I bid you all farewell.  I don't know if I will bee able to 
return next year to add my special blend of wisdom and ignorance to this 
most exalted forum of apiculture, so, farewell until next time (although I 
wont bee leaving for a week or so yet...I thought I would let you all know 
that I am going so that if someone wants to take over the "australian" 
portion of the FAQ...(.which seems to contain nothing at the moment...I don'
t know where it has gone), they know that the poosition is now vacant.
Also, I am looking into getting a green card and coming to America for my 
winter some time in the few years or so, and would be interestd in getting 
some part time/casual work in someones apiary.....

Bye for now, and bee well until I see you all again.
Adrian.
(my internet adress fir the next few weeks is still
 roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au  so if anyone wishes to correspond with me 
further, e-mail me and I will send you my snail mail address.



From cdh1@rsvl.unisys.com Thu Nov 10 23:02:41 EST 1994
Article: 963 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!uunet!psinntp!relay1!rsvl_ns!ernie!cdh1.rsvl.unisys.com!cdh1
From: cdh1@rsvl.unisys.com (Craig D. Hanson)
Subject: Bee Problems - How to Get Rid
Sender: news@rsvl.unisys.com (News Admin)
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Date: Mon, 7 Nov 1994 14:20:23 GMT
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Hi, I,m not sure if this the the right group to post this, but I can't find a 
better news group. I'm sure someone out there has some suggestions.

A friend is having terrible problems with bees (actually wasps) in the house. 
I would like to find a way to get rid of them for her. She is allergic to 
bee stings. We have had the exterminator out a couple times, but the problem 
still persists.

The house is in Minnesota, so the outside temps are starting the drop below 
freezing. The wasps appear to be in wall cavity of the basement, but not 
sure exacty where. The walls are all paneled, so it is difficult to do any 
detective work. The problem as existed for the last couple months and we have 
killed a couple hundred already, but they still keep showing up. They seem to 
be pretty lazy and easy to swat. They also seem to be attracted to lights and 
are more active when the heat is turned up.

How do we go about getting rid of these bees so life can return to normal? Do 
we have to find the nest before getting rid of the problem or can they be 
sprayed or can they be enticed to leave the house. I normally like bees, but 
sharing a house is too much.

Thanks for any help.


Craig D. Hanson          Internet: cdh1@rsvl.unisys.com 
Unisys                   CompuServe: 73760,2312
St. Paul, MN             Unisys: rs_epoxy/cdh1 (M.S. 4313)
                                 (612) 635-5542


From COMINT@arout.demon.co.uk Fri Nov 11 18:50:32 EST 1994
Article: 964 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: COMINT@arout.demon.co.uk (AROUTIOUN AGADJANIAN)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!demon!arout.demon.co.uk!COMINT
Subject: To Kill or Not To Kill
Organization: BIOCYBERNETICS
Reply-To: COMINT@arout.demon.co.uk
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Lines: 136
Date: Thu, 10 Nov 1994 21:15:30 +0000
Message-ID: <784502130snz@arout.demon.co.uk>
Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

Dear Beekeepers,

I would like to invite your attention to posting 'To Kill or Not to
Kill'. Originally it was prepared for sci.bio.ecology newsgroup. But I
thought the theme discussed in it might be of equal interest to you.

I think that results of our investigations could prompt unusual ways of
increasing the efficiency of honey production.

We are ready to any form of collaboration in investigating this
phenomenon on different species of bee.


TO KILL OR NOT TO KILL

Human mostly treats the nature as an unwise consumer. He kills in huge
proportions the animals that he needs as food as well as the animals
that from his point of view are harmful. But often the results of such
mass destruction of animals are completely different. In some cases
nature figuratively speaking manages to protect itself: the
reproduction rate of killed animals increases in such extent that
humans have to spend more and more resources to keep the situation
under control. In most other cases nature for some reason turns to be
completely defenceless and because of human activities many biological
species are under threat  of extinction or already don't exist. Why?
Let's examine two typical cases. Human kills in equally huge numbers
fish (for food purposes by taking it out from water) and rats
(poisoning them by pesticides). Then how it happens that in the first
case the respond is a lot of fish species under the threat of
disappearing while in the second case we could only speak about some
limitation of numbers? Maybe we don't know something very important
about killing? Maybe we don't know something substantial about "how to
kill", something that could allow us eventually to get rid of rats in
our cities and to restore the numbers of fish populations?

Our team has developed a theory allowing new view at this problem. In
the course of  long term investigations we have come to a conclusion:
violent death of living creatures leads to increase in birth-rate in
survivors within population. This phenomenon is an integral part of
intrinsic mechanism providing natural regulation  of population
numbers.

To prove the link between reproduction rate of living creatures and
violent death rate within a population we have conducted a series of
experiments on laboratory animals (mice, rats, some species of insects,
aquarium fish). The experiment pattern was extremely simple similar to
that of well-known experiments aimed to study population self
regulation at the level of numbers in which populations of laboratory
animals are exploited as they might be by predators. In these
experiments we observed the reproduction rate in several identical
groups of animals from which the equal numbers of animals were removed.
The difference in our experiments was that the animals from the test
group were killed and then removed while the animals from the control
were just removed (An attempt was done to model what occurs
in nature). Results proved the theoretically predicted increase in
reproduction rate in the test groups.

Whether it is ethical to conduct such experiments for example on rats
in order to prove that all methods of control of rats (as well as any
other kind of pests) population based on killing not only  is unethical
but biologically and economically not justified and they principally
cannot bring the desirable results - decrease of economical loss due to
rat populations? The results of such investigations (which
unfortunately otherwise than through experiments on laboratory animals
is not possible to conduct) could give us so important knowledge to
solve our problems in dealing with reproduction in nature and save a
lot of animals on Earth from being killed as well as could help us to
save environment and our food from increasing pollution by chemicals.
Would it be ethical to conduct similar experiments on fish in order to
find the right methods of fishing giving the nature possibility for
restoring the numbers of fish populations? (We think that the possible
solution of overfishing problem might be the killing of small numbers
of fish in water instead of  taking them all out alive while fishing.
That probably would be unethical from human morality point of view but
very useful to re-establish the ecological balance in the oceans.)
I attach the copy of certificate on  one the of series of experiments
that were conducted by independent researchers. (These experiments have
not been published. )

-----------------------------------------------------------------

copy translated from Russian


CERTIFICATE


This is to certify that based on the pattern suggested by Ignat
A.Agadjanian experiments were carried out from April to June 1989 by
the Department of Epidemiology, Yerevan State Medical Institute to test
the conception proposed by him claiming that dying creatures radiate
signals which increase the reproduction rate in survivors within a species.

Experiments were carried out on 835 identical (weight, age, etc.) non-
linear white rats (600 females and 235 males) equally divided into
experimental and control groups. Within 7 days one individual was
killed daily by 3% phosphide of zinc (dosage equals to that used by
sanitary epidemiological services for pest control) in experimental 
group and one was removed from control alive.

Investigations results with statistical accuracy equal to probability
of casual results below 0.001 showed that although other conditions
were maintained equal, compared with the control the number of pregnant
females in experimental group was 2.9 time more, the number of
offsprings - 3.45 time and the number of offsprings against one killed
individual - 10 time.

Conclusion: Investigated phenomenon can be successfully applied in the
economy, in pest control and in husbandry in particular.

K.M.Dechtsunian, DMs, Professor,
Supervisor of Investigations,
Head of Department of Epidemiology,
Yerevan State Medical Institute
signature


A.Dz.Ambartsumian, CMs,
Senior Experimenter,
Senior Research Worker
signature


Stamp of department of Epidemiology,
Yerevan State Medical Institute

Date: 29 June 1989


-----------------------------------------------------------------
--
AROUTIOUN AGADJANIAN









From sleith@silver.ucs.indiana.edu Fri Nov 11 18:50:32 EST 1994
Article: 965 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!usenet.ucs.indiana.edu!silver.ucs.indiana.edu!sleith
From: sleith@silver.ucs.indiana.edu (scot evan leith)
Subject: Beeswax needed
Message-ID: <Cz2vEx.Dot@usenet.ucs.indiana.edu>
Sender: news@usenet.ucs.indiana.edu (USENET News System)
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Date: Fri, 11 Nov 1994 00:44:56 GMT
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Howdy,
   I am looking for a place to purchase beeswax.  I am in the
beginning stages of starting a candle operation.  Currently I have
been trying out different molds and candle making techniques.  However
I also hope to incorporate these into an environmental shop that I am
also in the process of creating and would much rather use beeswax than
the petroleum based variety.  I have been using blocks of 
unbleached wax.  I am interested in trying the bleached.  What
chemical agent is used in the bleaching process (that environmental
concern again)?  I am also looking for beeswax sheets for rolled
candles.  Any suggestions?  Any help is greatly appreciated.  Thanks.

Scot
  








From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Nov 11 18:50:33 EST 1994
Article: 966 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swiss.ans.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: To Kill or Not To Kill
Date: 11 Nov 1994 13:26:16 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 7
Message-ID: <39vrdo$bbf@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <784502130snz@arout.demon.co.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

 Interesting. Should be brought up in local bee meetings for intense,
thoughtful discussion.
Adam
-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | (awaiting my muse...)
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From srohde@sun1.iusb.indiana.edu Fri Nov 11 18:50:34 EST 1994
Article: 967 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!purdue!news.cs.indiana.edu!usenet.ucs.indiana.edu!sun2!sun1.iusb.indiana.edu!srohde
From: srohde@sun1.iusb.indiana.edu (SEAN JAFFEE ROHDE)
Subject: Re: HAHAHAHAHAHAHA!!!! KURT COBAIN IS DEAD!!!@@!
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Sender: usenet@sun2.iusb.indiana.edu (USENET poster)
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References: <39jr4m$dou@umd5.umd.edu> <39lfs7$j1r@taco.cc.ncsu.edu> <geoffmCyx2qv.9vt@netcom.com>
Date: Thu, 10 Nov 1994 19:16:08 GMT
Lines: 22

In article <geoffmCyx2qv.9vt@netcom.com> geoffm@netcom.com (Geoff Miller) writes:
>
>
>
>"There was a sad fellow Cobain
>Who thought that the world was insane.
>So he took out his shotgun,
>Though he sang he had not one,
>And painted the wall with his brain."
>
>
>
>
>Geoff
>
>-- 
>-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-
>Geoff Miller                    + + + + + + + +                Mountain View 
>geoffm@netcom.com               +  DoD #0996  +                 California
>-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-

any connection to a geoff who used to abuse people on prodigy? 


From lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu Sat Nov 12 02:06:13 EST 1994
Article: 968 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!caen!spool.mu.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!uchinews!att-out!oucsace!ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu!LUTTON
From: lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
Subject: cyser recipes?
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Date: Fri, 11 Nov 1994 15:24:39 GMT
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Anyone have a straightforward 5 Gal(U.S.) Cyser recipe? A few chemicals,nopt a problem. I,d prefer using cider to chopped apples and your input regarding the use of distilled water and metabisulfite vs.boiling. If this is too common a question please Email. Regards, Lars/lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu


From moore901@raven.csrv.uidaho.edu Sat Nov 12 02:06:14 EST 1994
Article: 969 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!caen!spool.mu.edu!news.clark.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!owl.csrv.uidaho.edu!raven.csrv.uidaho.edu!moore901
From: moore901@raven.csrv.uidaho.edu (Moore Chad)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Poly Hive Recommendations ?
Date: 11 Nov 1994 17:35:50 GMT
Organization: University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho
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Andrew Mellanby (mel@maths.abdn.ac.uk) wrote:
> Hello,

> I am seriously considering taking up beekeeping (as a backyard hobby
> initialy), and to that end I'm attending an evening class at a local
> agricultural college.

> Our teacher(s) run about 70 hives and keep
> recommending hives made from some sort of plastic (looks like
> polystyrene but I think it's expanded poly-propalene). The advantages
> seem to be many - especialy for a cold & damp climate like ours.

> Can anyone else recommend this type of hive ? or otherwise comment ?


I am a beekeeper in Northern Idaho, and have been one since I was old 
enough to lift a hive, and even a little before.  However, I have never 
heard of this type of hive, and would like to know more about it.  What 
are the advantages, how about the disadvantages?  We are always 
interested in new ideas and concepts.  All of the information that I get, 
I print off and send home to my brothers and my dad.  Therefore any info. 
on this or any other new concepts is much appreciated.


From lstsm@orion.alaska.edu Wed Nov 16 19:10:20 EST 1994
Article: 970 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!news.acns.nwu.edu!news.alaska.edu!orion.alaska.edu!lstsm
From: lstsm@orion.alaska.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Poly Hive REcommendations
Date: 14 Nov 94 17:16:15 AST
Organization: University of Alaska
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Message-ID: <1994Nov14.171615.1@orion.alaska.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: orion.alaska.edu

Our teacher(s) run about 70 hives and keeprecommending hives made from some
sort of plastic (looks likepolystyrene but I think it's expanded
poly-propalene). The advantagesseem to be many - especialy for a cold & damp
climate like ours.
  
My dad has been the "high priest" of beekeeping in Anchorage, Alaska 
I used to produce his newsletter when I was living there. (I'm now in
Bethel).  
   
I will ask him.  He used to get a newsletter from Scotland so will be
interested.  I know he has used those frames but seems to prefer wasx.
Tim Miller


From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Wed Nov 16 19:10:22 EST 1994
Article: 971 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.bu.edu!gw1.att.com!nntpa!not-for-mail
From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Drones
Message-ID: <Cz9yt1.Gw0@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Sender: news@nntpa.cb.att.com (Netnews Administration)
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>Subject:      Re: Strange sighting of drone.
>Well, here in California (SF Bay Area) I've been fascinated by the drones
>flying at my hive.  I have *never* had late drones before, but a whole
>new batch has shown up within the last month.
>
>I know Adrien has talked about channel island bees reproducing/swarming
>all through the year, but that's a milder climate.  We're getting some
>very cold nights, but the drones are out in abundance!
>
>swdc.stratus.com]


 Here in Southern New Hampshire, my drones were pushed out a month ago.
                   (USA)
 and it's been real mild with frost only a couple of nights!

Dfv
.


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Wed Nov 16 19:10:23 EST 1994
Article: 972 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Drones
Date: 15 Nov 1994 12:04:41 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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References: <Cz9yt1.Gw0@nntpa.cb.att.com>
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NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <Cz9yt1.Gw0@nntpa.cb.att.com>,
-verville d.f. <mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com> wrote:
>>Subject:      Re: Strange sighting of drone.
>>Well, here in California (SF Bay Area) I've been fascinated by the drones
>>flying at my hive.  I have *never* had late drones before, but a whole
>>new batch has shown up within the last month.

 One of my better hives, and queens, one I grafted from this spring,
had drones throughout the winter.
Adam
-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | (awaiting my muse...)
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From wallace@acasun.eckerd.edu Wed Nov 16 19:10:25 EST 1994
Article: 973 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: wallace@acasun.eckerd.edu (Bryan Wallace)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Free Book Offer
Date: 11 Nov 1994 13:29:38 -0500
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X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]


   In an effort to communicate interesting arguments, I will send
a 311KB ASCII email copy of my current book to anyone who sends a
request to my below email address.  This book is my independent
work and not the opinions of the physics department.  Of the many
interesting comments on the book that I've received to date, John
Archibald Wheeler of Princeton University wrote:
  "A dynamic ether, a compressible fluid that could move at the
  speed of light." I am delighted you take such a deep interest in
  a subject so important.
Kurt Pagels of Germany wrote:
  The reading of this book was for me very interesting and very
  informative!  The factual material and the wealth of ideas is in
  your book in such a manner great, that a second and third reading
  is needed, therewith all arguments come to consciousness.
But the comment I liked the best came from Rudolf Nedved of
Czechoslovakia, who wrote:
  I have studied up the preprint of your book "The Farce of
  Physics" and an very surprised.  For me, it was better than a
  thrilling crime novel.
Steven L. Mitchell, the Editorial Director of Prometheus Books
wrote:
  Thank you for sharing with us your manuscript titled "The Farce
  of Physics." The idea of publishing an internal critique of the
  scientific mindset is most intriguing.  Naturally, it would run
  counter to many prevailing opinions and this could negatively
  effect the market.  Since the audience for your book would be the
  dedicated reader of science, the risks facing publication are
  considerable.
Mitchell wanted a substantial grant to assist publication and share
the risks, and I have found no other publisher willing to give me
better terms, so I have decided to distribute the book free on the
Internet.  If one prefers to obtain a copy by anonymous ftp, they
can get it from ftp.germany.eu.net in the directory
/pub/books/wallace, by using get farce.txt.

  Bryan G. Wallace
  wallace@eckerd.edu


From altabios@bham.ac.uk Wed Nov 16 19:10:26 EST 1994
Article: 974 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!lyra.csx.cam.ac.uk!warwick!bham!usenet
From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Poly Hive Recommendations ?
Date: 15 Nov 1994 13:16:10 GMT
Organization: The University of Birmingham, UK
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In article <39qk3v$bom@nof.abdn.ac.uk>, Andrew Mellanby <mel@maths.abdn.ac.uk> says:
>


I would be tempted to use wooden hives. One of mine is 16 years old now
and is in fine condition. Wood stands some abuse from your hive tool
without cracking/splitting. If you have a choice, get a roof covered with
zinc sheet rather than tar felting, they should last a lot longer.


From jcooper@infinet.com Wed Nov 16 19:10:27 EST 1994
Article: 975 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!malgudi.oar.net!infinet!jcooper
From: jcooper@infinet.com (Joseph Cooper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: cyser, etymology
Date: 15 Nov 1994 13:23:53 GMT
Organization: InfiNet - Internet Access (614/224-3410)
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The compact edition of the OED indicates that _cyser_ is an obsolete form 
of cider.  There has to be more to say about the eymology and usage of 
this form.  


--
*************************     
*     Joseph Cooper     *      
*  jcooper@infinet.com  *
*************************


From jcooper@infinet.com Wed Nov 16 19:10:28 EST 1994
Article: 976 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!malgudi.oar.net!infinet!jcooper
From: jcooper@infinet.com (Joseph Cooper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: cyser, etymology
Date: 15 Nov 1994 13:26:10 GMT
Organization: InfiNet - Internet Access (614/224-3410)
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Joseph Cooper (jcooper@infinet.com) wrote:
: The compact edition of the OED indicates that _cyser_ is an obsolete form 
: of cider.  There has to be more to say about the eymology and usage of 
: this form.  

Make that etymology, if you please.
: --
: *************************     
: *     Joseph Cooper     *      
: *  jcooper@infinet.com  *
: *************************

--
*************************     
*     Joseph Cooper     *      
*  jcooper@infinet.com  *
*************************


From matheson@iconz.co.nz Wed Nov 16 19:10:29 EST 1994
Article: 977 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!hookup!ames!waikato!status.gen.nz!iconz.co.nz!matheson
From: matheson@iconz.co.nz (Ross Matheson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: new varroa research
Date: 9 Nov 1994 08:10:44 GMT
Organization: Public Access Internet, Auckland New Zealand
Lines: 32
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Robert Allen Stevens (meaderyman@delphi.com) wrote:
: Is the varroa research book mentioned in the IBRA b-line posting available?
: If so, where and how much is it?

I forwarded your article to IBRA knowing they were online recently and 
received a reply within  half an hour. I intended them to reply directly,
but it was my first usenet interaction, and, it's taken another night to
figure out the pico use to repost!      Ross Matheson <matheson@iconz.co.nz>

From: Dr Pamela Munn <sabpam@thor.cf.ac.uk>
Reply-To: IBRA@cardiff.ac.uk
Yes it will be available on 21 Nov - it is 16 UK pounds or $26 including
post and packing and you can order it from our bookshop via email to me.
Credit cards (visa mastercard) are accepted : name and address for card,
number, expiry date and type of card please.
Best wishes
Pam
 
 
  **************************************************************
  *  Dr Pamela Munn                                            *
  *  Editor of Bee World, Associate Editor of J. Apic. Res.    *
  *============================================================*
  *  E.mail  :  IBRA@Cardiff.AC.UK   | Mail : IBRA             *
  *  Phone   :  (+44) 1222 372 409   |        18 North Road    *
  *  Fax     :  (+44) 1222 665 522   |        Cardiff CF1 3DY  *
  *                                  |        UK               *
  *============================================================*
  * If your mail is for someone else in IBRA I will pass it on *
  **************************************************************




From vaq@ornl.gov Wed Nov 16 19:10:30 EST 1994
Article: 978 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: vaq@ornl.gov
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Poly Hive Recommendations ?
Date: Mon, 14 Nov 1994 12:29:23 GMT
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In article <3a0a1m$eoo@owl.csrv.uidaho.edu> moore901@raven.csrv.uidaho.edu (Moore Chad) writes:
>Path:
>

>Andrew Mellanby (mel@maths.abdn.ac.uk) wrote:

>> Our teacher(s) run about 70 hives and keep
>> recommending hives made from some sort of plastic (looks like


> I have never 
>heard of this type of hive, and would like to know more about it. 


I've never used plastic hive bodies, but many friends in San Antonio TX area, 
where I was last active, reported high rejection rates by swarms and some 
troubles with rejection by purchased bees.


From roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com Wed Nov 16 19:10:31 EST 1994
Article: 979 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Date: Mon, 14 Nov 1994 07:39:07 -0500
From: roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: world
Subject: Re: Poly Hive Recommendations ?
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In article <3a0a1m$eoo@owl.csrv.uidaho.edu>, moore901@raven.csrv.uidaho.edu
(Moore Chad) wrote:

> Andrew Mellanby (mel@maths.abdn.ac.uk) wrote:
> > Hello,
>
[deletions]

> > Our teacher(s) run about 70 hives and keep
> > recommending hives made from some sort of plastic (looks like
> > polystyrene but I think it's expanded poly-propalene). The advantages
> > seem to be many - especialy for a cold & damp climate like ours.

[deletions]

>I have never
> heard of this type of hive, and would like to know more about it.  What
> are the advantages, how about the disadvantages?

[deeltions]

I've never used a plastic hive body, but...(Opinion mode ON)

In general, polyethylene/polypropylene does not seem to hold up well for
extended use outdoors.  It's great at first, surely would be easy to remove
frames even when well coated with propolis, and _may_ even be acceptable to
the bees.  But after a couple of seasons outside, PE/PP gets brittle and
breaks.  Wood, especially when painted, should last significantly longer.

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Wed Nov 16 19:10:33 EST 1994
Article: 980 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: cyser recipes?
Date: Mon, 14 Nov 94 11:37:20 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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In article <Cz4054.Dn0@oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu>
lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu writes:
 
>
>Anyone have a straightforward 5 Gal(U.S.) Cyser recipe? A few chemicals, not
>a problem.  I'd prefer using cider to chopped apples and your input
>regarding the use of distilled water and metabisulfite vs.boiling. If this
>is too common a question please
>Email. Regards, Lars/lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
 
Taken from the BEES LEES (archived somewhere in cyberspace, I know not
where) are the following two cyser recipes:
 
> Chapter 5:  Cyser -- Mead with Apples
>
> de-Cyser.  Apple Mead-pagne
>
> Source: John (The Coyote) Wyllie (SLK6P@cc.usu.edu)
>
> Ingredients:
>
> 4 gal Fresh pressed cider (from an orchard)
> 5 lbs Honey (used local clover/alfalfa)
> 1 tsp acid blend
> Handful chopped raisins, or 1/4 tsp grape tannin
> 1 Tbsp yeast nutrient
> Irish moss (or other clarifier)
> 2 tsp Pectic Enzyme
> 4 campden tables (sodium metabisulfite)
> Epernay Yeast (or champagne)
>
> Procedure:
>
> Pour the cider to a sterilized 5 gal carboy.  Allow it to splash to
> aerate.  Treat overnight with campden tablets.  Crush and predissolve.
> Add the raisins to the carboy.  Next day heat the honey in < 1 gallon of
> water (160 deg 1 hr, or boil if you choose).  Add all other ingredients
> to the syrup.  Add to the fermenter.  Use some of the treated juice to
> hydrate the yeast, and pitch the starter after it bubbles.  After a few
> weeks, rack to a secondary.  Add more finings if needed (isinglass is
> good).  Top up with juice, or honey syrup.  I've generally liked to let
> cysers, and ciders age for a pretty long time.  Most have been in
> fermenters for at least 4 months.  You can bottle still, or sparkling.
> Use 1/2 to 3/4 cup corn sugar and champagne bottles for a nice sparkle.
> These have taken a long time to gain a good bubble level.  They have
> been stored cold (55).  But well worth the wait!
>
> Comments:
>
> A potent and pleasing fruity wine.  Once mature, a clear, bubbly
> champagne-like mead.  My dad really enjoyed this one, and he usually
> drinks nicer wines.  I was flattered.  He kept grabbing the bottle at
> dinner!  :)
> If you rack several times you can eliminate most of the sediment, and
> only have a fine layer in the bottle.  I prefer to keep the priming
> down, because they seem to continue fermenting slowly for a long time.
> I've had a batch carbonate w/o priming!  So much for a still wine!  You
> could stabilize and sweeten to taste if you choose.  Bottling with teas
> is a nice addition.  I've used cinnamon, but I'd bet ginger, or a tad of
> clove would be nice.
>
> Specifics:
>
> OG: ~1.070  Will vary depending on source of cider.
> FG:  1.000.
>
>
> Chapter 5:  Cyser -- Mead with Apples
>
> Dangerous Cyser
>
> Source: Chuck Cox (chuck@synchro.com)
> Mead Lover's Digest #5, 1 October 1992
>
> Ingredients (7 gallons):
>
> 10 lb clover honey
> 10 lb wildflower honey
> 5+ gallons cider
> 6 tablets Campden/Metabisulphate
> Ale Yeast
>
> Procedure:
>
> Mix everything except the yeast.
> Let sit in loosely covered fermenter for 24 hours. Add yeast.
> Rack to secondary when fermentation slows. Rack to keg when still.
> Force carbonate if desired.
> Condition for as long as you can stand it.
> Drink liberally.
> Fall over.
>
> Comments:
>
> These days I am not adding the Campden tablets.  That step is optional.
>


From mel@maths.abdn.ac.uk Wed Nov 16 19:10:35 EST 1994
Article: 981 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uknet!strath-cs!st-and!Aberdeen!usenet
From: Andrew Mellanby <mel@maths.abdn.ac.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Poly Hive Recommendations ?
Date: 9 Nov 1994 13:50:55 GMT
Organization: University of Aberdeen,  Scotland
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Hello,

I am seriously considering taking up beekeeping (as a backyard hobby
initialy), and to that end I'm attending an evening class at a local
agricultural college.

Our teacher(s) run about 70 hives and keep
recommending hives made from some sort of plastic (looks like
polystyrene but I think it's expanded poly-propalene). The advantages
seem to be many - especialy for a cold & damp climate like ours.

Can anyone else recommend this type of hive ? or otherwise comment ?


Andrew Mellanby
Aberdeen, Scotland

mel@maths.abdn.ac.uk


From lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu Thu Nov 17 23:55:49 EST 1994
Article: 982 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
Subject: Re: Poly Hive Recommendations ?
Message-ID: <Cz9JGK.J5G@oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu>
Sender: news@oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu (news account)
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Organization: Ohio University Computing & Technology Services
References: <39qk3v$bom@nof.abdn.ac.uk> <3a0a1m$eoo@owl.csrv.uidaho.edu>,<vaq.29.2EC75823@ornl.gov>
Date: Mon, 14 Nov 1994 15:09:55 GMT
Lines: 22

One of my aquantances experianced unexplained rejection of his one piece
plastic foundation/frame super w wood box, and I have had considerable
difficult in
getting bees into plastic rounds for two years running here in damp and humid
SE Ohio Regards, Lars/ lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
>In article <3a0a1m$eoo@owl.csrv.uidaho.edu> moore901@raven.csrv.uidaho.edu (Moore Chad) writes:
>>Path:
>>
>
>>Andrew Mellanby (mel@maths.abdn.ac.uk) wrote:
>
>>> Our teacher(s) run about 70 hives and keep
>>> recommending hives made from some sort of plastic (looks like
>
>
>> I have never 
>>heard of this type of hive, and would like to know more about it. 
>
>
>I've never used plastic hive bodies, but many friends in San Antonio TX area, 
>where I was last active, reported high rejection rates by swarms and some 
>troubles with rejection by purchased bees.


From lstsm@orion.alaska.edu Thu Nov 17 23:55:50 EST 1994
Article: 983 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: lstsm@orion.alaska.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Poly Hive Recommendations
Date: 14 Nov 94 19:27:55 AST
Organization: University of Alaska
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I called my father.  Here is his response:Ya, they work but I dont like
plastic.  Ive had some for years but bees like wood and foundation better. 
Wood just feels better even for the beekeeper.   Bees dont like to draw out the
comb on plastic.  Harder to uncap.  Fletcher Bee Miller


From johng@garnet.msen.com Fri Nov 18 22:30:11 EST 1994
Article: 984 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!heifetz.msen.com!johng
From: johng@garnet.msen.com (John Green)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,misc.forsale,rec.arts.books.marketplace
Subject: Book on Bees For Sale
Date: 18 Nov 1994 04:41:05 GMT
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:984 misc.forsale:129321 rec.arts.books.marketplace:4240



Book on Bees For Sale

Lindauer, Martin.  Communication Among Social Bees.  Cambridge MA: 
Harvard University Press, 1971.  Hard cover, 161 pp.  Includes
bibliography, index, 81 illustrations.  Excellent condition.

$15 post paid

reply email johng@mail.msen.com



From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Fri Nov 18 22:30:12 EST 1994
Article: 985 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: Poly Hive REcommendations
Message-ID: <CzBG1n.MDo@cuug.ab.ca>
Date: Tue, 15 Nov 1994 15:51:22 GMT
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: Our teacher(s) run about 70 hives and keeprecommending hives made from some
: sort of plastic (looks likepolystyrene but I think it's expanded
: poly-propalene). The advantagesseem to be many - especialy for a cold & damp
: climate like ours.
 
Actually there appear to be two ideas here now;

1. One is the idea of plastic hive bodies - of which I know little and

2. The idea of plastic frames and foundation.

Re the latter:

There are plastic frames made such that wax foundation is clamped between 
two halves and used just like a wooden frame. No wiring required. (Rating: 
good). I've had some for ten years or more.

There are plastic frames with plastic foundation which is sometimes 
sprayed with beeswax. (Rating: fair - the frames are too weak and flexible)

There are sheets of foundation made of wax with a sheet of plastic in the 
middle, like a sandwich with metal stiffeners on the ends (Duragilt 
(TM)from Dadant) (Rating: very good)

There are several brands of plastic foundation that include no wax and 
works as well or better than wax. (Rating: good to excellent)

Some are better than others.

None of the types of foundation require wiring and the plastic sheets 
just pop in and out of frames in a jiffy.  You can scrape them down and 
the bees rebuild - unlike Duragilt.  Commercials are using them and 
I have heard no complaints - but lots of raves.  Sources - Mann Lake and 
Dadant.

I will discuss further in more detail if interest is expressed.
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                      VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Sat Nov 19 18:20:49 EST 1994
Article: 986 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Help, I have dead colonies already!
Date: Fri, 18 Nov 94 09:55:11 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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In article <1994Nov17.115028.33111@cc.usu.edu>
sltqd@cc.usu.edu writes:
 
>...
>fourteen hive in September this year...
>
>(Checked recently and) Out of
>the fourteen colonies we had in September, only six had any live bees in
>them.  Four of the eight had no dead bees and no honey and the other four
>had a few dead bees, some with a lot of honey and some with no honey.
>The few dead bees were clumped into a ball in the middle of the box.
>...
>My questions:  Is this a normal loss of colonies?  Could we have prevented
>colonies from swarming?  Could we have a disease?(There were no dead bees
>in the hives except those clumped in the middle)  What kind of preparations
>should we do to minimize winter loss?
>
 
Clearly, some kind of stress is upon your colonies to cause them to die,
abscond or disappear.  With the minimal information given and an
inability to check your colonies, members of this forum can at best only
guess at the cause.  Given the climate of the beekeeping industry and
the description you gave, my first guess would be that you have a
problem with mites.
 
Discussion on this list has gone along the lines that heavy varroa
infestations have prompted many colonies to just up and leave their hive
at a time of year when they would normally be settling in for the
winter.  This discussion prompted me to examine my hives for similar
signs, and sure enough I too found this phenomenon in (thankfully) only
one colony, but verified that varroa is rampant in my apiary.  First
line of attack: Apistan in all my hives.
 
I suggest that you examine for varroa and am willing to bet big bucks
that you will discover that's your problem.  If so, get Apistan strips
and get them into your remaining hives ASAP.  It's already very late in
the season for this.
 
Varroa is a relatively new problem in the States, and the majority of
beekeepers have yet to encounter the nemesis.  This is the first year
that I have heard conversations about the increased stress on hives that
accompanies the seasonal fall expulsion of drones.  Varroa prefer drone
larvae, perhaps (as observed on this list) as a survival mechanism,
since drones drift more readily between hives and hence assists in
varroa's spread.  In the fall when fewer drones are being reared, varroa
has to shift from drone larvae to worker larvae and hive infestation can
sky rocket.  This infestation can prompt the bees to abscond as noted
above.
 
Recommendation: Examine your hives for varroa (I was able to verify the
infestation visually!).  If you have a problem, treat ALL of your hives,
and treat them as soon as possible.  Finally, keep up on current
research and discussion of the mite problem.  It's here, it can't be
ignored, and every beekeeper will be a better beekeeper if they keep as
informed as they possibly can about this problem.
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!
Vice President Elect, Southern Adirondack Beekeepers Association
Hobby keeper of bees in Upstate New York


From OTTO@CEDCAMPUS.LAN1.UMANITOBA.CA Sat Nov 19 18:20:50 EST 1994
Article: 987 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!olivea!news.hal.COM!decwrl!tribune.usask.ca!canopus.cc.umanitoba.ca!net18.coned.umanitoba.ca!OTTO
From: OTTO@CEDCAMPUS.LAN1.UMANITOBA.CA (Warren Otto)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Some help requested
Date: Thu, 17 Nov 1994 21:05:54 GMT
Organization: Continuing Education, University of Manitoba
Lines: 21
Message-ID: <OTTO.171.2ECBC5B2@CEDCAMPUS.LAN1.UMANITOBA.CA>
NNTP-Posting-Host: net18.coned.umanitoba.ca
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

I have been lurking in this group for a couple of days to see what kind of 
dicussions transpire.  I have some questions that I hope you peopel can help 
me with.

My wife and I have purchased a small acreage (4.51A) in Manitoba and are 
looking to do something with it.  Possibly a berry farm, U-Pick veggy market 
or something else.  One possibility I never thought of, until finding this 
group, was bee keeping.

Now of course I have 100 questions to investigate before putting bee keeping 
on our list of possibilities.  Is 4.51 acres too small?  What are the start 
up costs?  Is the a good general book that gives a person an idea on what is 
involved?

I have many more and don't want to be a bother to the whole group.  If someone 
would kindly e-mail me I could ask all of my question via e-mail.

Any asssitance is greatly apprecieted

Warren Otto
otto@cedcampus.lan1.umanitoba.ca


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Sat Nov 19 18:20:51 EST 1994
Article: 988 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk (Gordon Scott)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
Subject: Re: cyser, etymology
References: <3aacp9$pms@rigel.infinet.com>
X-Newsreader: Demon Internet Simple News v1.29
Lines: 15
Date: Sat, 19 Nov 1994 12:15:03 +0000
Message-ID: <785247303snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

In article <3aacp9$pms@rigel.infinet.com>
           jcooper@infinet.com "Joseph Cooper" writes:

> The compact edition of the OED indicates that _cyser_ is an obsolete form 
> of cider.  There has to be more to say about the eymology and usage of 
> this form.  

Cyser??, Obsolete?? -- nobody told me I've been drinking an obsolete drink!
Who do the OED think they are OED anyway? :-)

-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Sat Nov 19 18:20:52 EST 1994
Article: 989 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk (Gordon Scott)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
Subject: Re: Poly Hive Recommendations ?
References: <39qk3v$bom@nof.abdn.ac.uk>
X-Newsreader: Demon Internet Simple News v1.29
Lines: 32
Date: Sat, 19 Nov 1994 12:20:50 +0000
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Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk


In article <39qk3v$bom@nof.abdn.ac.uk>
           mel@maths.abdn.ac.uk "Andrew Mellanby" writes:

> Hello,
> 
> I am seriously considering taking up beekeeping (as a backyard hobby
> initialy), and to that end I'm attending an evening class at a local
> agricultural college.
> 
> Our teacher(s) run about 70 hives and keep
> recommending hives made from some sort of plastic (looks like
> polystyrene but I think it's expanded poly-propalene). The advantages
> seem to be many - especialy for a cold & damp climate like ours.
> 
> Can anyone else recommend this type of hive ? or otherwise comment ?

Hi,

Down here (Hampshire) the people I know who have tried them are not very
enthusiastic  --  they are neither as cheap nor as robust as cedar hives
and they tend to suffer from conensation.  They were however designed by
Scandinavians  for  their  conditions  so  they  may  well  work well in
Aberdeen where the conditions are that bit cooler.

-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK




From sltqd@cc.usu.edu Mon Nov 21 21:16:34 EST 1994
Article: 990 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.cs.utah.edu!cc.usu.edu!sltqd
From: sltqd@cc.usu.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Help, I have dead colonies already!
Message-ID: <1994Nov17.115028.33111@cc.usu.edu>
Date: 17 Nov 94 11:50:28 MDT
Organization: Utah State University
Lines: 32

hello,

I have a question, but first some background.

We extracted honey form our fourteen hive in September this year.  Things went
smoothly.  For each hive we made sure that the two boxes we left for the
wintering bees were full of honey or pollen (some had the top supers full but
not the bottom).  We thought this would increase our winter survivorship,
because we had never done this before.  I didnt check them again until this
week. 

This week I went out to put screens on the hives to keep the mice out.  Out of
the fourteen colonies we had in September, only six had any live bees in them. 
four of the eight had no dead bees and no honey and the other four had a few
dead bees, some with a lot of honey and some with no honey.  The few dead bees
were clumped into a ball in the middle of the box.

It has recently been cold here, around freezing.  
Also my uncle suggested that the four colonies that seem to have swarmed may
have done so because we were in a drought situation and there was no water in
the canal near the hives.

My questions:  Is this a normal loss of colonies?  Could we have prevented
colonies from swarming?  Could we have a disease?(There were no dead bees in
the hives except those clumped in the middle)  What kind of preparations should
we do to minimize winter loss?

Thanks,

Todd Seamons
SLTQD@cc.USU.edu
  


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Mon Nov 21 21:16:35 EST 1994
Article: 991 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!newshost.marcam.com!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Ear Mites?
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 21 Nov 1994 13:02:22 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 31
Message-ID: <3aq5ou$fcb@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

From: Gerry Rising <INSRISG@UBVMS.BITNET>
Organization: University at Buffalo
Subject:      Hive Mold Problem

A friend here in Buffalo who keeps a few hives lost all of his bees last
winter to what he believes were ear mites. He did not use the hives this
year and now he has a different problem. They are covered -- inside -- with
a white mold.
 
Can anyone give me some guidance about how to rid this hive (a) of the mold
and (b) of any possible remaining mites. (I assume that the latter left with
the bees, but there may be some related problem that requires a particular
kind of cleaning.)
 
Guy is a beginning beekeeper (and I am even less knowledgeable) so any help
you can give us will be very much appreciated.
 
I guess I have missed asking one more thing. How can he prevent or at least
lessen the chance of reinfection of his hive?
 
Thanks in advance for any help.
-----------------------------------------------
Gerry Rising                    insrisg@ubvms.bitnet
295 Robinhill Drive     insrisg@ubvms.cc.buffalo.edu
Williamsville, NY 14221-1639            716-689-8301
-----------------------------------------------

-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | (awaiting my muse...)
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Mon Nov 21 21:16:36 EST 1994
Article: 992 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!uwm.edu!msuinfo!netnews.upenn.edu!dolphin.upenn.edu!djt
From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Poly Hive
Date: 21 Nov 1994 22:55:56 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
Lines: 14
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X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2-upenn1.1]

I've used duragilt (the membraneous plastic with a thin wax coating on 
each side) and also the thicker plastic sheets of foundation.  Both work 
but the bees (here in Philadelphia) don't seem inclined to draw out the 
plastci foundation unless there's a prety heavy honey flow going on.  
Persona;;y,  I don't like them much but I can see that they'd gave their 
advantages.  As for duragilt, the bees seem to like it, but they will 
tend to wear away or nibble off the wax at the bottom corners of the 
frames.  Also, they will sometimes chew through them - apparently to 
improve access.  I use a hand extractor and hence may not need the 
greater durability (over wire-reinforced) the plastic and duragilt 
products seem to offer.

Dave Trickett
University of Pennsylvania


From ENCX08A@prodigy.com Tue Nov 22 18:03:36 EST 1994
Article: 993 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swiss.ans.net!prodigy.com!usenet
From: ENCX08A@prodigy.com (STEVE BURT )
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Help, I have dead colonies already!
Date: 21 Nov 1994 23:57:04 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
Lines: 22
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X-Newsreader: Version 1.2

Dear Friend,

You have been bitten by the mite bug.  This could be either the Varroa 
or Tracheal mites, but they both produce the same result: A dead colony 
with ample honey.  I had to replace all five of my colonies this spring, 
and stopped deluding myself that I could select for resistance in my 
small operation.  The cost in dead bees was outrageous, so I installed 
Apistan.  My clean bees from spring had plenty of Varroa within five 
months.  They made some honey, but would have all died, again, without 
the Apistan.  Se if any emerging worker brood has crinkly wings, or a 
little cranberry-colored critter under the wings: Varroa!  Either 
medicate or pack it in!  Uncap some drone brood when the bees are rearing 
it in the spring and summer. See the little, round cranberry dots with 
wee small legs on the white pupae: More Varroa!

Good luck.  Please look 'em over and write back.

Steve Burt
Michigan Beekeeper #7829





From OTTO@CEDCAMPUS.LAN1.UMANITOBA.CA Tue Nov 22 18:03:37 EST 1994
Article: 994 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: OTTO@CEDCAMPUS.LAN1.UMANITOBA.CA (Warren Otto)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Thanx
Date: Mon, 21 Nov 1994 21:02:16 GMT
Organization: Continuing Education, University of Manitoba
Lines: 4
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X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

Thanx to all those who responded to my request.  I'll keep lurking here and 
may be posting some questions in the future.

Warren Otto


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Nov 22 18:03:39 EST 1994
Article: 995 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Some help requested
Date: 22 Nov 1994 12:01:02 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <3asmhu$8j6@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <OTTO.171.2ECBC5B2@CEDCAMPUS.LAN1.UMANITOBA.CA> <371.1776.uupcb@lightspeed.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <371.1776.uupcb@lightspeed.com>,
Elizabeth Landrum <elizabeth.landrum@lightspeed.com> wrote:
>If you are interested in getting a bee supply catalog, you can get one
>from The Walter T. Kelley Company, 3107 Elizabethtown Road, P.O. Box
>240,  Clarkson, Kentucky, U.S.A.  42726-0240
>They seem to carry anything you may want that relates to beekeeping.
>
 They have an 800 number. It is: 800-233-2899

I am not affiliated with The Walter T. Kelly Co.

Adam

-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | (awaiting my muse...)
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk Wed Nov 23 21:29:54 EST 1994
Article: 996 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!swrinde!pipex!sunsite.doc.ic.ac.uk!uknet!strath-cs!st-and!nrp
From: nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: varroa
Date: 22 Nov 1994 22:04:11 GMT
Organization: University Of St. Andrews
Lines: 4
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NNTP-Posting-Host: honey.st-andrews.ac.uk

Is there any sign of a northern limit to this pest?  Or of any other
natural limit at all?

-Norman, free but concerned for the future


From elizabeth.landrum@lightspeed.com Wed Nov 23 21:29:55 EST 1994
Article: 997 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!emory!slammer!iccdev!ftl!elizabeth.landrum
From: elizabeth.landrum@lightspeed.com (Elizabeth Landrum) 
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Some help requested
Message-ID: <371.1776.uupcb@lightspeed.com>
Date: 21 Nov 94 21:08:00 GMT
Distribution: world
Organization: Faster-Than-Light, Atlanta GA USA, +1 404 292 8761
Reply-To: elizabeth.landrum@lightspeed.com (Elizabeth Landrum) 
References: <OTTO.171.2ECBC5B2@CEDCAMPUS.LAN1.UMANITOBA.CA>
Lines: 5

If you are interested in getting a bee supply catalog, you can get one
from The Walter T. Kelley Company, 3107 Elizabethtown Road, P.O. Box
240,  Clarkson, Kentucky, U.S.A.  42726-0240
They seem to carry anything you may want that relates to beekeeping.



From wgathey@space.honeywell.com Wed Nov 23 21:29:56 EST 1994
Article: 998 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!psuvax1!uwm.edu!src.honeywell.com!The-Star.honeywell.com!spacenns.space.honeywell.com!usenet
From: wgathey@space.honeywell.com (Bill Athey - AA4WE)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Ear Mites?
Date: 23 Nov 1994 06:11:07 GMT
Organization: Honeywell
Lines: 16
Message-ID: <3aumdr$qss@spacenns.space.honeywell.com>
References: <3aq5ou$fcb@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bgathey.space.honeywell.com
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.92.6+

In article <3aq5ou$fcb@solaris.cc.vt.edu>, adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein) says:
>
>From: Gerry Rising <INSRISG@UBVMS.BITNET>
>Organization: University at Buffalo
>Subject:      Hive Mold Problem
>



I don't know about the mold, I think I would use a new hive. Anyway,
once the hive is set up again if the problem is with vorroa mites try 
using Apistan Strips.  These strips work for me in Florida and we 
really have mite problems if not treated.

Bill 
wgathey@space.honeywell.com


From DCannon@exeter.ac.uk Fri Nov 25 00:43:07 EST 1994
Article: 999 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uknet!strath-cs!info!DCannon
From: DCannon@exeter.ac.uk (D.Cannon)
Subject: Re: Some help requested
Message-ID: <CzpvBE.K60@exeter.ac.uk>
Organization: University of Exeter, UK
References: <OTTO.171.2ECBC5B2@CEDCAMPUS.LAN1.UMANITOBA.CA>
Date: Wed, 23 Nov 1994 10:47:37 GMT
Lines: 28

4.3 Acres is loads of space for beekeeping.
I live in Devon England & many of my friends keep bees in their back gardens
which are only 10sq yards.
The real consern is what the local flora is like. They will forage over a 
3 mile radius. Although the first mile in the most important & 3 miles is 
really past their break even.
The wonderful thing about beekeeping is it is only really the cost of the 
hive which you have to front up.
The foraging area is very important but is not part of your overhead.

I have read in article about the southern states where farmers buy the
foraging rights for an area for their bees. This is large comercial
enterprises. Whether this is the case where you live !

Have fun
It's very time consumming

John
(:-)
-- 
_________________________________________________________________________
David Cannon                           University of Exeter,  IT Services
                                          Laver Building, North Park Road
Systems/Network Programmer                    Exeter,  EX4 4QE, Devon, UK
Fax:   +44 (0)392 211630                         Phone: +44 (0)392 263998
The above views are my own,  and do not  represent the policy or views of
                          the University of Exeter
_________________________________________________________________________


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Nov 25 00:43:08 EST 1994
Article: 1000 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.kei.com!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: November Issue _Apis_ Magazine
Date: 23 Nov 1994 12:59:52 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 268
Message-ID: <3avec8$2vt@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Keywords: apis, bee, honeybee, magazine, sanford, beekeeping

FILENAME: NOVAPIS.94
 
            Florida Extension Beekeeping Newsletter
    Apis--Apicultural Information and Issues (ISSN 0889-3764)
               Volume 12, Number 11, November 1994
 
                        AHB IN CALIFORNIA
 
     The African honey bee (AHB) has finally been found in
California.  The first detection of the migratory front was made 20
miles west of Blythe, in Riverside County.  The feral swarm was
detected at the Chuckwalla Valley State Prison on a 3-inch pipe on
October 24.  The prison fire department destroyed the swarm and
collected the sample that was later identified by the California
Department of Food and Agriculture laboratory as Africanized and
confirmed on October 28, by the Agricultural Research Service Bee
Laboratory in Beltsville, Maryland.
 
                      WHEN BUGS FIGHT BACK
 
     The 1993 winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory
Journalism is Mike Toner of the Atlanta Journal-Constitution.  A
compendium of his articles has been published under the title "When
Bugs Fight Back."  This publication is available by contacting the
newspaper's automatic marketing service, ph 404/222-88991.  It is
must reading for anyone interested in agriculture or public health
at almost any level.
 
     As Mr. Toner says in his introduction, "the bugs are fighting
back and they are getting very good at it."  This is strong stuff
and Mr. Toner's articles, published between August and April, 1992
give us pause for reflection: "Like the villains in a late-night
horror show, resistant strains of mankind's oldest enemies are
finding ways to sabotage our most sophisticated technology.  And
even the malevolent microbes of 'The Andromeda Strain' or the angry
hordes of 'Killer Bees' aren't as scary as the 'superbugs' that are
now emerging throughout the world."
 
     Tuberculosis, malaria, pneumonia, and practically every other
human infection is now resistant to at least one class of
antibiotics, according to Mr. Toner.  With reference to insects and
weeds, the prognosis is no better.  At least 17 'super-insects' are
resistant to almost every pesticide.  One, the Colorado Potato
beetle, can now be killed only using a tractor-pulled blow torch.
And in the United Kingdom and Australia farmers are encountering
'mega-weeds' which may threaten the world's wheat supply.
 
     Chemicals have been subverted, Mr. Toner says, unwittingly
aided by industries that market them, 'experts' who overuse them,
and ordinary people who see them as a promise, for a time, to
change the course of evolution.  As Dr. Robert Metcalf, University
of Illinois concludes:  "The problem is not chemicals; it's the
irresponsible way they are used.  Our shortsighted and
irresponsible use of antibiotics and pesticides is producing
strains of monster bugs resistant to nearly everything in our
arsenal.  The outlook is dismal.  And it is getting worse."
 
     Beekeeping, like the rest of agriculture, is increasingly
reliant on chemicals.  Does this mean there is potential for
'superbugs' to develop?  Several potentially devastating problems
now under chemical control are candidates.  For decades, beekeepers
have used and continue to employ the antibiotic, oxytetracycline,
as a "preventative" to control American Foulbrood (AFB).  It has
worked amazingly well; how long it will continue to do so is not
known.
 
     Evidence from extended use of antibiotics in humans, however,
is not encouraging.  Fortunately, for most persons, antibiotics
still work, but for some infections, according to Dr. Fred Tenover
at the Center for Disease Control, we are close to the end of the
road.  As quoted by Mr. Toner, he concludes, "The worst-case
scenario is almost here.  We are very, very close to having
bacteria resistant to every significant antibiotic ever developed.
Only this time, there are no new drugs coming down the pike."
 
     Physicians can make mistakes in prescribing antibiotics, and
many are simply inappropriate for certain conditions, including
simple colds and diarrhea, and viral infections.  In these cases,
not only don't they work, but this use magnifies the possibility of
developing resistant bacteria.  Another major don't on a list
published by the Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics,
quoted in Mr. Toner's work is: "Don't take an antibiotic to prevent
a disease you think you have been exposed to.  It not only alters
the body's normal population of harmless bacteria, but increases
your chance of getting a resistant infection."
 
     This last don't is of course what every beekeeper using
Terramycin (R) for AFB control does.  Unfortunately, it has worked
for decades, although there is disturbing evidence from an
Argentinean visitor to this department some time ago that AFB in
that country has shown resistance to Terramycin (R) in certain
areas.  I say "unfortunately" because that means that resistance
has not shown up in the U.S. in spite of decades of treatments by
thousands of beekeepers.  Although this is good news if one wants
to control the disease, it leads to the belief that this antibiotic
is a proverbial "magic bullet" for AFB control.  And if this is so,
there must be other bullets in our gunslinger's belt which are just
as effective for other diseases and pests.
 
     With the introduction of the honey bee tracheal mite (HBTM)
and then Varroa, the search for magical cure alls, like that now
perceived for AFB, have continued.   There appears to be innate
resistance against HBTM in certain bee populations; in many areas,
it seems that colonies susceptible to this parasite were quickly
killed off.  Nevertheless, menthol continues to be used as a
chemical control in many situations and there is evidence that
vegetable oil patties are also helpful.
 
 
     Varroa is another story.  Before this mite was introduced into
the U.S., well over 140 different chemicals had been used worldwide
to control this parasite.  Most didn't work.  And only in 1987,
when the U.S. was finally infested, was a technology found to
effectively kill large numbers of mites and not affect the bees at
the same time.  This, of course, is the chemical fluvalinate, a
synthetic pyrethroid first delivered on wooden strips, then labeled
as formulated in the product called Apistan (R).  The beekeeping
industry could at that time breathe a sigh of relief; a parasite
for which the western honey bee (Apis mellifera) has little
resistance was now under control.  But for how long?  Already there
is evidence that widespread use (or misuse?) of fluvalinate in
Europe may have created resistant mites.
 
     Although there may be other chemicals on the horizon (e.g.
formic acid), there is no substitute for wise use of one that is
already labeled, legal and effective.  Thus, as Mr. Toner suggests:
"Whether you're farming the lower 40 or a small garden plot in the
back yard, there are things you can do to keep the pests at bay--
and to slow the emergence of resistance:"
 
Use pesticides sparingly.  When you apply pesticide, do so only
when there is a problem, not before. (Use the ether roll test,
smoke, uncapping brood and washing adults to detect Varroa mites.)
 
Rotate chemicals.  If possible, alternate at least two different
classes of compounds--organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates or
biologicals. [This is not legally possible in the U.S.; in Canada,
Apistan (R) can be rotated with formic acid].  Once resistant mites
are detected, however, this may not be the best approach.
 
Avoid persistent pesticides.  You run the risk of encouraging
resistance even after the problem is gone. [This is potentially the
most pernicious problem of all when using fluvalinate.  It
accumulates over time in wax comb, making the beehive itself a
continuous possible source of the chemical, encouraging resistance
to develop in mite populations.]
 
Set up untreated area.  Consider providing an untreated area--a
refuge of sorts--to preserve a stock of susceptible insects to
dilute the effect of resistant genes. [This might be untreated
colonies in nearby yards.  However, this philosophy runs counter to
opinion in the regulatory community that all nearby colonies should
be treated to avoid one of the biggest problems posed by Varroa,
reinfestation.]
 
     This last is perhaps one of the most interesting new twists
developed by Mr. Toner.   Providing a "safe haven" for pests, he
says, is not a joke.  In this way, resistant populations might be
diluted by individuals that are not resistant, providing overall
better kill rates.  This would be, he concludes, something that
would have been "anathema" a few years back.
 
     The kill'em all philosophy is a throwback to the time when
eradication was the philosophy of choice.  But there has been a
paradigm shift in pest control.  As Dr. Metcalf states, concluding
the series "When Bugs Fight Back": "When you try to eradicate an
insect, you are going up against a billion years of evolution.
Pests have survived that long because they are very good at
adapting.  We will probably never completely eradicate any pest.
We shouldn't be trying.  We should be looking for a way to live
with them better."
 
              MORE ON SMALL BUSINESS FOOD LABELLING
 
     It was too good to be true.  I said in the October, 1994 APIS
that nutritional labeling was automatic without notification of
either the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or Florida
Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.  Unfortunately, I
was misinformed on this issue.  Any business requesting exemption
must submit the following information to the FDA:
 
1.  Name and address of business.
2.  Name of food product for which exemption is claimed.
3.  Average number of full-time equivalent employees from May 8,
    1993 to May 7, 1994.
4.  Approximate total number of units sold in the U.S. between May
    8, 1993 and May 7, 1994.
5.  Signature of responsible party; also stating that the person
    signing will notify the Office of Food Labeling when the
   product no longer qualifies for exemption.
 
     Send the above to Office of Food Labeling (HSF-150), Center
for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug
Administration, 200 C St. SW, Washington, DC 20204.  Questions
about this should be directed to Jerad McCowin, special assistant
to the director, ph. 202/205-5229.
 
             NOTES FROM A TRIP TO THE BRITISH ISLES
 
     James Bach, Washington state apiarist, recently reported on a
trip to the British Isles.  It was published in the last edition of
the Apiary Inspectors of America Newsletter.
 
Honey Bee Tracheal Mites (HBTM)
 
1.  New Zealand bees are reported to be more susceptible to HBTM
during seasons of poor weather; losses of up to 30 percent are
seen.  The stock is perceived to build up too fast in Spring and
has small winter clusters.
 
2.  Local strains are thought to be resistant to HBTM, but losses
of 33 percent are still reported.  There is no sampling for mites
and no treatments given.  Colonies are allowed to die; crawling bee
symptoms are considered to be due to HBTM.
 
3.  Fifty percent losses in N. Ireland are thought to be from HBTM,
complicated by lack of pollen and a long, cold Spring.  Beekeepers
prefer local queens; few are imported.  Both commercial and non-
commercial beekeepers let the bees raise their own queens.
 
Viruses
 
1.  The impact of viruses on bee behavior is not known.  Viral
surveys of healthy colonies have not been undertaken.  Whether the
quality of honey bee nutrition has any effect on viruses is
unknown.
 
2.  Chronic Paralysis Virus has been known to multiply coincident
with HBTM; both organisms prosper under the same conditions.
Kashmir bee virus is thought to be the most virulent virus in honey
bees.
 
3.  Cell-cleaning bees are nurseries for developing sacbrood virus
(SBV).  It multiplies in their head (mandibular gland?)  Infected
bees forage earlier and are primarily nectar gatherers.  Nurse bees
with SBV quit feeding larvae earlier.
 
4.  Viruses appear to spread when bees remain in the hive for
longer than 24-hour periods.  Crowded beehives are also conducive
to viral spread.
 
Economics
 
1.  One commercial beekeeper was only breaking even; net profit
came from bee-related commodities like tinctures, salves and
specialty honeys.
 
2.  Honey prices are soft because of imported honey from China.
European beekeepers are actively demonstrating at European
Community headquarters to gain support for their interests.
 
Sincerely,
 
 
Malcolm T. Sanford
Bldg 970, Box 110620
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611-0620
Phone (904) 392-1801, Ext. 143
FAX: 904-392-0190
BITNET Address: MTS@IFASGNV; INTERNET Address: MTS@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU
APIS on the World Wide Web--
http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu:7999/~entweb/apis/apis.htm

-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | (awaiting my muse...)
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu Fri Nov 25 18:32:12 EST 1994
Article: 1001 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!sgiblab!pacbell.com!att-out!oucsace!ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu!LUTTON
From: lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
Subject: Re: Help, I have dead colonies already!
Message-ID: <CzqKHq.LD2@oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu>
Sender: news@oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu (news account)
Reply-To: lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
Organization: Ohio University Computing & Technology Services
References: <3arc4g$66fm@usenetp1.news.prodigy.com>
Date: Wed, 23 Nov 1994 19:51:25 GMT
Lines: 28

Steve : Two winters ago I was blindsided by Tracheal Mites in the same manner,
lost 7 out of 9. After treating the next winter (much colder here in SE Ohio,
U.S. only lost 1 out of 9.  Been very fortunate not to see any varroa(knock on
wood) Regards, Lars/lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu                               In article <3arc4g$66fm@usenetp1.news.prodigy.com>, ENCX08A@prodigy.com
(STEVE
BURT ) writes:
>Dear Friend,
>
>You have been bitten by the mite bug.  This could be either the Varroa 
>or Tracheal mites, but they both produce the same result: A dead colony 
>with ample honey.  I had to replace all five of my colonies this spring, 
>and stopped deluding myself that I could select for resistance in my 
>small operation.  The cost in dead bees was outrageous, so I installed 
>Apistan.  My clean bees from spring had plenty of Varroa within five 
>months.  They made some honey, but would have all died, again, without 
>the Apistan.  Se if any emerging worker brood has crinkly wings, or a 
>little cranberry-colored critter under the wings: Varroa!  Either 
>medicate or pack it in!  Uncap some drone brood when the bees are rearing 
>it in the spring and summer. See the little, round cranberry dots with 
>wee small legs on the white pupae: More Varroa!
>
>Good luck.  Please look 'em over and write back.
>
>Steve Burt
>Michigan Beekeeper #7829
>
>
>


From krabb@cs.ruu.nl Sat Nov 26 12:02:30 EST 1994
Article: 1002 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!Germany.EU.net!EU.net!sun4nl!ruuinf!krabb
From: krabb@cs.ruu.nl (Jeroen Krabbendam)
Subject: Re: Bee Varieties
Message-ID: <CztD0r.GGr@cs.ruu.nl>
Sender: usenet@cs.ruu.nl (Six O'Clock News)
Organization: Utrecht University, Dept. of Computer Science
References: <cspillne-241194222628@gen017.gen.tcd.ie>
Date: Fri, 25 Nov 1994 08:02:51 GMT
Lines: 16

In <cspillne-241194222628@gen017.gen.tcd.ie> cspillne@mail.tcd.ie (Charlie Spillane) writes:

>
>Are there any stingless bees in Europe or Africa?


Here at the university they have a few colonies of stingless
bees. If you want to know more about it I'll look up the address
for you.

Regards
--
 
-- Jeroen --
Jeroen Krabbendam, Department of Computer Science,
Utrecht University, P.O box 80089, NL-3508 TB The Netherlands  


From pollinator@aol.com Sat Nov 26 12:02:31 EST 1994
Article: 1003 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!swiss.ans.net!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Some help requested
Date: 25 Nov 1994 23:00:21 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 47
Sender: news@newsbf01.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <3b6bsl$gft@newsbf01.news.aol.com>
References: <OTTO.171.2ECBC5B2@CEDCAMPUS.LAN1.UMANITOBA.CA>
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf01.news.aol.com

In article <OTTO.171.2ECBC5B2@CEDCAMPUS.LAN1.UMANITOBA.CA>,
OTTO@CEDCAMPUS.LAN1.UMANITOBA.CA (Warren Otto) writes:

>One possibility I never thought of, until finding this 
group, was bee keeping.

>Now of course I have 100 questions to investigate before putting bee
keeping 
on our list of possibilities.  Is 4.51 acres too small?  What are the
start 
up costs?  Is the a good general book that gives a person an idea on what
is 
involved?

   Bees are not optional, if you plan to raise berries, and most other
fruits and many veggies. With the loss of wild bees, you will need to
manage your pollination. Unless you are lucky enough to have a honey
producer real close, that means either keeping your own bees, or renting
>from  a beekeeper who provides pollination service.

   Pollination service runs $25-$50 American on the east coast, per hive.
If you keep your own, you can expect to spend anywhere from $75 - $125 per
hive start up costs, depending mostly on whether you can get bargains on
used equipment, or buy it new. The bees themselves in the form of nucs
(nucleus hives) or packages are going to run $35 to $40. It is going to
cost you probably $20-25 plus labor in yearly maintance. Probably in
Manitoba, you will get some honey, in return, as well as pollination of
your crops. (Sorry, I haven't been to Canada lately, so I don't know
current exchange rates).

   Beginners can get good advice from local beekeeper associations, and
bee magazines - a good practical one is Bee Culture, which you can find
out about by e-mail to beeculture@aol.com. The editor's wife Diane
(Sammatauro, I think) has written one of the best beginner bee books I
have seen. It may be at your library.

   Your acreage is not too small, as the bees will forage a much larger
area. The bees themselves will probably not take up a tenth of an acre.
They will do best, if there is plenty of forage, such as clover, alfalfa,
fireweed, etc. around you, when your fruits are not blooming.

   For tips on pollination management, you might want to suscribe to our
newsletter.

Pollinator@aol.com
Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, Dave Green, PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC 
29554


From yhan@nic.com Sat Nov 26 12:02:32 EST 1994
Article: 1004 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!news.nic.com!nic.com!yhan
From: yhan@nic.com (Yoon Han)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee pollen EXTRACT manufacturers wanted
Date: 25 Nov 1994 17:03:54 -0500
Organization: 
Lines: 5
Message-ID: <yhan.785800857@nic.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: 198.6.8.10
X-Newsreader: NN version 6.5.0 #9 (NOV)

I don't know if this question is appropriate for this news group, but I'm 
looking for a manufacturer of bee pollen extract -- not just bee pollen 
but its extract in powder form. I would appreciate any help.
Thanks



From ez021641@jane.ucdavis.edu Sat Nov 26 23:14:07 EST 1994
Article: 1005 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!solaris.cc.vt.edu!news.mathworks.com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!library.ucla.edu!agate!news.ucdavis.edu!jane!ez021641
From: ez021641@jane.ucdavis.edu (Her God Messenger)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Loss of Queen!
Date: 21 Nov 1994 22:44:30 GMT
Organization: Information Resources, UC Davis
Lines: 16
Message-ID: <3ar7se$5l1@mark.ucdavis.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: jane.ucdavis.edu

Hi All,

   I have recently lost a queen to some unfortunate circumstances. The 
accident occured about 3 weeks ago.. For the past 3 weeks, because of one 
reason to the next, i could not check the hive, but i did have the chance 
to check the hive yesterday. I found a virgin queen, but i did not see 
ANY egg. My question is will the virgin (?) queen still has the chance to
mate this time of the year?? I have an extra queen, but if i don't need 
to use her, I won't.  I'm thinking about leaving her for another week 
before i get rid of her if she does not lay any egg by then.  Any 
suggestions? Thank you in advance..


Son Trinh
First season in bee-hobbying



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sat Nov 26 23:14:08 EST 1994
Article: 1006 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Loss of Queen!
Date: 24 Nov 1994 07:07:55 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 26
Message-ID: <3b1e4b$57j@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <3ar7se$5l1@mark.ucdavis.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <3ar7se$5l1@mark.ucdavis.edu>,
Her God Messenger <ez021641@jane.ucdavis.edu> wrote:
>Hi All,
>
>   I have recently lost a queen to some unfortunate circumstances. The 
>accident occurred about 3 weeks ago.. For the past 3 weeks, because of one 
>reason to the next, i could not check the hive, but i did have the chance 
>to check the hive yesterday. I found a virgin queen, but i did not see 
>ANY egg. My question is will the virgin (?) queen still has the chance to
>mate this time of the year?? I have an extra queen, but if i don't need 
>to use her, I won't.  I'm thinking about leaving her for another week 
>before i get rid of her if she does not lay any egg by then.  Any 
>suggestions? Thank you in advance..

 
 Old beekeeper's adage:" Cut your losses in the Fall...make 'em up in the
Spring."

 Combine the hive with another using newspaper, that virgin is worthless
now...she'll never amount to anything worth saving.
 This Spring, you'll be able to make a new hive easily on the honeyflow.
Adam
-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | (awaiting my muse...)
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sun Nov 27 15:03:07 EST 1994
Article: 1007 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Varieties
Date: 25 Nov 1994 01:28:16 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 23
Message-ID: <3b3ejg$2mt@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <cspillne-241194222628@gen017.gen.tcd.ie>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <cspillne-241194222628@gen017.gen.tcd.ie>,
Charlie Spillane <cspillne@mail.tcd.ie> wrote:
 <text edited>
>any references on breeding of bees, or good references on bees 
>in general?
 Try gopher
gopher.uconn.edu
libraries and research services/
Edward H. Kirschbaum Library(Waterbury Campus)/
Hewitt Apiculture Collection

I searched here using <breeding> and <selection> as keywords and
found the titles to some excellent bee breeding books.  You
might also try gophering, or using the WWW, to Cornell, Ucal.
Davis, etc.-- to any of the good agriculture/biology schools.
These should have these books in their catalogs online.  I find
Rutner's book very helpful. 
 good luck,
 Adam
-- 
 _________________________________________________________________________
  Adam Finkelstein    adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu | (awaiting my muse...)
 ___________________________________________|_____________________________


From cspillne@mail.tcd.ie Sun Nov 27 15:03:08 EST 1994
Article: 1008 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!EU.net!ieunet!tcdcs!news.tcd.ie!gen017.gen.tcd.ie!user
From: cspillne@mail.tcd.ie (Charlie Spillane)
Subject: Bee Varieties
Message-ID: <cspillne-241194222628@gen017.gen.tcd.ie>
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Sender: usenet@news.tcd.ie (TCD News System )
Organization: Genetics Department, TCD. Ireland
Date: Thu, 24 Nov 1994 22:23:02 GMT
Lines: 23

Dear subscribers,

I wonder if anyone can inform me of whether there are varieties of
"domesticated" bees which are endangered in Europe as I am interested 
in knowing how broad the genepool of "domesticated bees" is? 

Also:

Are all bees susceptible to varroasis and could anyone provide 
any references on breeding of bees, or good references on bees 
in general?

Aany information in a similar vein on wild bees would be 
greatly appreciated as well.

Are there any stingless bees in Europe or Africa?

Any information will be gratefully received.

Sincerely,

Charlie Spillane,
cspillne@mail.tcd.ie 


From m_gera@iconz.co.nz Sun Nov 27 15:03:09 EST 1994
Article: 1009 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!munnari.oz.au!comp.vuw.ac.nz!waikato!status.gen.nz!iconz.co.nz!m_gera
From: m_gera@iconz.co.nz (Matthue Gera)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: NZ Bee Pollen importers wanted
Date: 27 Nov 1994 10:47:52 GMT
Organization: Public Access Internet, Auckland New Zealand
Lines: 12
Message-ID: <3b9o4o$t4a@status>
NNTP-Posting-Host: iconz.co.nz
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

 
      Wanted: OVERSEAS NEW ZEALAND BEE POLLEN IMPORTERS
 
 Description: New Zealand bee pollen producers require overseas importers
              for possible negotible exports of top quality pure disease
              free bee pollen.  
 
              For more information about prices and export orders/
              agreements/contacts please contact via internet email: 
              <m_gera@iconz.co.nz>
 



From m_gera@iconz.co.nz Sun Nov 27 15:03:10 EST 1994
Article: 1010 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!spool.mu.edu!agate!ames!waikato!status.gen.nz!iconz.co.nz!m_gera
From: m_gera@iconz.co.nz (Matthue Gera)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee pollen EXTRACT manufacturers wanted
Date: 27 Nov 1994 10:50:56 GMT
Organization: Public Access Internet, Auckland New Zealand
Lines: 12
Message-ID: <3b9oah$t4a@status>
References: <yhan.785800857@nic.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: iconz.co.nz
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Yoon Han (yhan@nic.com) wrote:
: I don't know if this question is appropriate for this news group, but I'm 
: looking for a manufacturer of bee pollen extract -- not just bee pollen 
: but its extract in powder form. I would appreciate any help.
: Thanks

I might bee :) able to help you here, my dad is looking for Overseas
companys/individuals to import bee pollen in various forms.
This pollen is produced in New Zealand and to a high standard, please
email me and i will forward you a Telephone number to contact him.
<m_gera@iconz.co.nz>



From bbeattie@csc.liv.ac.uk Mon Nov 28 23:58:23 EST 1994
Article: 1011 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uknet!liv!lucs!bbeattie
From: bbeattie@csc.liv.ac.uk (B.J.H. Beattie)
Subject: Re: Bee Varieties
Sender: news@compsci.liverpool.ac.uk (News Eater)
Message-ID: <Czzpxx.66p@compsci.liverpool.ac.uk>
Nntp-Posting-User: bbeattie
Date: Mon, 28 Nov 1994 18:27:33 GMT
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Nntp-Posting-Host: kuban.csc.liv.ac.uk
Organization: Computer Science, Liverpool University
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Charlie Spillane (cspillne@mail.tcd.ie) wrote:
> Dear subscribers,

> I wonder if anyone can inform me of whether there are varieties of
> "domesticated" bees which are endangered in Europe as I am interested 
> in knowing how broad the genepool of "domesticated bees" is? 

> Also:

> Are all bees susceptible to varroasis and could anyone provide 
> any references on breeding of bees, or good references on bees 
> in general?


There are many.
Try these:

"In Search of the Best Strains of Bees", Brother Adam (Buckfast Abbey) 1968.
An inspirational book whether you like bees or not.
Similarly, "Bee-Keeping at Buckfast Abbey", Bro. Adam. 1975.


A complete survey of British bee-keeping books is available published by the
International Bee Research Association, Hill House, Gerrards Cross, Bucks. UK
"Bibliography of British Bee Books."

Bridget.


From roe@crosfield.co.uk Tue Nov 29 18:39:41 EST 1994
Article: 1012 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!crosfield.co.uk!roe
From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: Bee Varieties
Message-ID: <1994Nov29.100934.745@crosfield.co.uk>
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
References: <cspillne-241194222628@gen017.gen.tcd.ie> <Czzpxx.66p@compsci.liverpool.ac.uk>
Date: Tue, 29 Nov 1994 10:09:34 GMT
Lines: 20

In article <Czzpxx.66p@compsci.liverpool.ac.uk> bbeattie@csc.liv.ac.uk (B.J.H. Beattie) writes:
>
>A complete survey of British bee-keeping books is available published by the
>International Bee Research Association, Hill House, Gerrards Cross, Bucks. UK
>"Bibliography of British Bee Books."

The address for IBRA above is very old.  Here are the up to date details:-

  *============================================================*
  *  E.mail  :  IBRA@Cardiff.AC.UK   | Mail : IBRA             *
  *  Phone   :  (+44) 1222 372 409   |        18 North Road    *
  *  Fax     :  (+44) 1222 665 522   |        Cardiff CF1 3DY  *
  *                                  |        UK               *
  *============================================================*

-- 
Malcolm Roe                                Phone  :  +44 1442 345104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd                  Fax    :  +44 1442 232301
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK        E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From jwg2y@poe.acc.Virginia.EDU Wed Nov 30 21:48:37 EST 1994
Article: 1013 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!poe.acc.Virginia.EDU!jwg2y
From: jwg2y@poe.acc.Virginia.EDU (Warner Granade)
Subject: painting hives
Message-ID: <D03zA6.9G9@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: University of Virginia
Distribution: usa
Date: Thu, 1 Dec 1994 01:39:42 GMT
Lines: 9

Last spring in the panic of an impending swarm, I slapped a new super on
my hive. It was unpainted pine. Now I want to paint it to protect it from
the Virginia winter. Can I do this while it is still on the hive? I know
I'll only be able to paint the outside, but it's sealed really well.

--
Warner Granade *****jwg2y@virginia.edu
804-924-7409



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Dec  2 11:03:46 EST 1994
Article: 1014 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: b.mail_1294
Date: 1 Dec 1994 14:18:59 GMT
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===================================================

B-MAIL

A monthly newsletter on issues and events in the bee world, provided 
by IBRA, the world information service for bee science and beekeeping.

**December 1994** 

===================================================

BIODIVERSITY AND TROPICAL BEES

Bee scientists everywhere have been pleased by the increased interest in 
and discussion about biodiversity, as many bee species are important for 
maintaining biodiversity in a wide range of natural systems.

An interesting partnership between maintaining biodiversity, supporting 
indigenous culture and promoting economic development is proposed for 
south-east Asia.  Writing in the latest edition of Bee World ('Development 
and honey gathering ecotourism'; 74(4): 157-159), Makhdzir Mardan of the 
Universiti Pertanian Malaysia discusses the promotion of tourist interest in 
honey hunting from Apis dorsata as one way of conserving tropical forests 
and promoting economic development at the same time.

'Outside' interest in Apis dorsata has been high since the yellow rain 
controversy of a decade ago, and the public imagination has been 
captured by reports of honey hunting in the Himalayas: the TV 
programme, National Geographic article and stunning book (Honey 
hunters of Nepal) by Valli and Summers.

Dr Mardan suggests that honey hunting has an economic importance that 
should be given more consideration when planners make decisions about 
the utilization of forests; for instance the timber from one large bee tree 
might yield a one-time $US 2,000, but if left as a nesting place for Apis 
dorsata can produce more than that in honey each year.

The income of honey hunters can be supplemented with a share of the 
'income pie' from ecotourism, divided among tour operators, honey 
gatherers, and research and enforcement institutions.  The dangers of 
tourism activities overstepping the capacity of an area's resources are 
pointed out in the article, as is the need to share the income in an 
equitable way.

For those interested further, IBRA's library contains a number of 
references on honey hunting of Apis dorsata, mostly relating to India but a 
number to south-east Asia.

TROPICAL BEES AND THE ENVIRONMENT

People will be able to see honey gathering for themselves at a conference 
with a difference, being held in March 1995 in Malaysia.  'Tropical bees 
and the environment' will be held at Pedu Lake in north Malaysia, right in 
the forest which is home to many colonies of Apis dorsata.  Before the 
conference there is an expedition to look at traditional honey gathering 
(after dark), and the impressive drone flight and 'yellow rain' mass 
defecation just after sunset.

Tropical bees and the environment, 13-15 March 1995.  Pre-conference 
expedition 11 March 1995.  Contact Beenet Asia Secretariat, Plant 
Protection Department, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, 43400 UPM 
Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia.  Fax (+60) 3-948-3745 or 948-2507.  
Further information from Dr Mardan at this address, or 
makhdzir%upmvmesa.ccrisc.upm.my.  Reduced registration fees apply 
until 31 January 1995.

FORAGING STRATEGIES

'Comparative foraging strategies in solitary and social bees' is the title of a 
one-day meeting of the Royal Entomological Society of London.  The 
programme will include papers, posters and discussions, and both senior 
researchers in this field and some of the younger workers will be 
contributing.

The meeting will be at Exeter University in south-west England on 
Saturday 4 February 1995, and is open to anyone interested.  For full 
details and a booking form contact Dr Robin Wootton, University of Exeter, 
Hatherly Laboratories, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS.  Phone 
(+44) 1392-263753, fax 1392-263700, e.mail 
r.j.wootton@cen.exeter.ac.uk.

CONFERENCE CALDENDAR

3rd Apidological Symposium, Jena, Germany, 22-26 August 1995.

The approach of this symposium is to consider the honey bee colony as a 
superorganism. Topics will include genetics and developmental 
physiology, caste formation and sexuality, neuro- and sensory physiology, 
wild bees: biology and use as bio-indicators, and beekeeping practice.

Contributions are invited and the deadline for submissions is 28 February 
1995.

Contact: Dr Ursula Horn, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena, Biologisch-
Pharmazeutische Fakultat, Institut fur Ernahrung und Vmwelt, Apidologie 
und Angewandte Zoologie, Am Steiger 3, D-07743 Jena/Thuringen, 
Germany. Fax: (+49) 641-635 382.

7th International Symposium on Pollination (ICPBR), Lethbridge, Canada, 
24-28 June 1996.

Contact: Dr Ken Richards, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge 
Research Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1. Fax: (+1) 403 
382 3156, E.mail: richards@abrsle.agr.ca

FLORA FOR FAUNA

A nationwide campaign to encourage gardeners to grow trees, shrubs and 
flowers which are food sources for Britain's wildlife was launched recently 
at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK.

This move in nature conservation commenced with thousands of 'Flora for 
fauna' labels, placards, posters and booklets being distributed to selected 
garden centres throughout Britain. Plans are already under way for this 
British project to be extended to France and Germany, as after 1 January 
it will run parallel with European Conservation Year - ENCY 95. It is being 
supported by some of the most prestigious conservation and scientific 
organizations in Britain, as well as the Horticultural Trades Association.

The first stage of 'Flora for fauna' is providing information about what 
plants are hospitable for wildlife. Already 25,000 plant labels covering 25 
species have been attached to plants from the north of Scotland to south 
Cornwall as part of a six-month pilot scheme. The information has been 
extracted from the introductory 'Flora for fauna' database which highlights 
the preferred plants for wildlife in British gardens. It details what birds, 
butterflies, frogs, bats and other forms of wildlife eat; what eats them; what 
is needed for nests and homes; what special plants relate to different 
forms of wildlife; and which cultivars of a species still have a good nectar 
and pollen yields.

The next stage is further development of the database, which will be 
launched in a comprehensive version in December 1995. Bees have a 
good mention in the introductory publicity, and key plants that are useful 
nectar and pollen sources will be highlighted in the database.

Details of the 'Flora for fauna' database disk and accompanying booklet 
are available from: The Duchess of Hamilton, c/o The Linnean Society of 
London, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London W1V 0LQ, UK. Orders: 
phone (+44) 171-351-4266, fax 171-352-5655, e.mail 
john@linnean.demon.co.uk

CONSERVING WHICH BEES?

We had a query about the forthcoming meeting 'Conserving Europe's 
bees' suggesting that the title is a bit narrow - wouldn't 'Conserving bees' 
or 'Conserving temperate bees' be better?  Well, maybe, but we chose the 
'Europe' title (1) to help attract funding (1995 is the European year of 
nature conservation) and (2) because we thought that a two-day meeting 
wouldn't be long enough to attract many people from outside Europe.

However, it was always intended that this meeting would cover the 
mediterranean, and the new world where Apis mellifera is an introduced 
species.  Interest in the meeting is high, and with 6 of the 19 invited 
speakers coming from the Americas and 2 from Israel there will be a lot of 
input from outside Europe.  Everybody is welcome.

Conserving Europe's bees, London, UK, 6-7 April 1995.  Organized by the 
International Bee Research Association and the Linnean Society of 
London.  Information from john@linnean.demon.co.uk or from 
ibra@cardiff.ac.uk.

POLLEN LOAD COLOURS

Widespread interest has been generated by the most popular publication 
>from  IBRA this year, 'A colour guide to pollen loads of the honey bee' by 
William D J Kirk.  Modern colour reproduction processes permit much 
more accurate presentation of colour squares than were available when 
the previous standard work, 'The pollen loads of the honeybee' by Dorothy 
Hodges, was first published in 1952.

The whole question of how to record colour most accurately has been 
discussed in more detail by Dr Kirk in his recent article 'Recording the 
colours of pollen loads' (Bee World 75(4) 169-180 (1994)).  Beginning with 
a look at colour science, the article discusses variation in colour and the 
best ways of collecting pollen loads and matching colours.  There is also a 
good account of the different systems available for recording and 
classifying colours, and the selection of the system used in the production 
of the book.

PHILATELISTS DELIGHT

Calling all apiphilatelists, or should I say philatophilic apiarists?  Whatever, 
there's good news for stamp collectors interested in the theme of bees and 
beekeeping.

It's been 21 years since the last catalogue of stamps on a bee theme was 
published, in Bee World 54(2): 53-56.  Now there's an updated list, 
including all stamps showing: honey bees, beekeeping or any allusion to 
beekeeping; non-Apis bees; stamps omitted from the 1973 article.

'Bee and bee interest postage stamps of the world: supplement 1' by 
Dorothy E Shaw and J Stuart Ching.  Bee World 75(4): 181-193 (1994), 
with four full-colour plates.  Also available as reprint M128 from IBRA.






Return address:
E.mail: ibra@cardiff.ac.uk
Fax: (+44) 1222-665522
Telephone: (+44) 1222-372409
Snailmail: 18 North Road, Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK

-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sat Dec  3 09:50:09 EST 1994
Article: 1015 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Good source...
Date: 1 Dec 1994 03:22:45 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 16
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References: <1994Nov30.231706.1209@nmt.edu>
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NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <1994Nov30.231706.1209@nmt.edu>,
Kyle "Cinder Block" Boyd <gurbie@nmt.edu> wrote:

>...  Addresses are good, but 1-800 numbers
>are better.  

 Try Walter T. Kelly Co. 
1-800-233-2899

Adam
(I do not speak for Kelly, I know their stuff is good.)
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From kstar@astro.ocis.temple.edu Sat Dec  3 09:50:10 EST 1994
Article: 1016 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!ukma!jobone!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!caen!msuinfo!netnews.upenn.edu!cronkite.ocis.temple.edu!astro.ocis.temple.edu!kstar
From: kstar@astro.ocis.temple.edu (Kurt D. Starsinic)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,sci.agriculture
Subject: WWW> The Franklin Institute Science Museum
Date: 2 Dec 1994 16:46:38 GMT
Organization: Temple University, Academic Computer Services
Lines: 24
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Summary: The Franklin Institute Virtual Science Museum Opens Its Doors
Keywords: science, museum, Franklin
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1016 sci.agriculture:2302


The Franklin Institute Virtual Science Museum Opens Its Doors

The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, invites you to explore our
World Wide Web server.  The "Virtual Science Museum" offers visitors a host of
resources for science education as well as general information about the
museum and its programs.  Be sure to visit our "virtual exhibits" about Ben
Franklin and The Heart.  These multimedia presentations support learning
through inquiry-based exploration.  The doors of wisdom are always open at
http://sln.fi.edu


--
*---------------------------------------*--------------------------------*
| Kurt D. Starsinic (kstar@fi.edu)      | Information Systems Specialist |
| The Franklin Institute Science Museum | *  Science Learning Network  * |
| 222 N. 20th St.                       |   Office      (215) 448-1236   |
| Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103-1194 |    Fax        (215) 448-1219   |
*---------------------------------------*--------------------------------*
|               "I have nothing to say and I am saying it                |
|                   and that is poetry." -- John Cage                    |
*---------------------------------------*--------------------------------*
|        The Franklin Institute's home page:  http://sln.fi.edu/         |
*---------------------------------------*--------------------------------*


From gurbie@nmt.edu Sat Dec  3 22:07:22 EST 1994
Article: 1017 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!rutgers!nmt.edu!gurbie
From: gurbie@nmt.edu (Kyle "Cinder Block" Boyd)
Subject: Good source...
Message-ID: <1994Nov30.231706.1209@nmt.edu>
Organization: New Mexico Tech
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
Date: Wed, 30 Nov 1994 23:17:06 GMT
Lines: 9

I know this question has been asked a bee*zillion times, but I'm gonna
make it  a bee*zillion and one.  Who are some good distributors of
bee equip..  I live in New Mexico, so anything here would be best, but
anything at all is also great.  Addresses are good, but 1-800 numbers
are better.  

Thanks
Kyle "Lookin' toward the future with an eye on the past" Boyd



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun Dec  4 20:54:50 EST 1994
Article: 1018 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: painting hives
Date: Sat,  3 Dec 1994 18:04:00 GMT
Message-ID: <941203144049591@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 18        


<Jenifer says:>

We routinely paint boxes in our apiary, both stacked on hives and empty
but within ten feet of working hives.  We have never had a problem with
the paint oder agitating the bees, so, especially at this time of year,
you should have any easy time of it.  Be prepared to pound on your hive
tool a little the first time you remove the super after painting, but
that's the hardest part.  :)

<end quotes>

   In the winter here in California, when it is cold and dry, it is
common practice to paint the hives in the field using portable air
less paint sprayers. I have never heard of any ill effects, but have
seen a few painted bees. Most beekeepers that do this use a good
latex water based paint, but I am sure oil based paints are also
used.


From ENCX08A@prodigy.com Sun Dec  4 23:44:48 EST 1994
Article: 1019 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swiss.ans.net!prodigy.com!usenet
From: ENCX08A@prodigy.com (Steve Burt)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Varieties
Date: 5 Dec 1994 02:15:20 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
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Distribution: world
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X-Newsreader: Version 1.2

Dear Charlie and fellow beekeepers!

     Domesticated bees?  As some of the other respondents have mentioned, 
there are a number of "races" of honey bees.  Even the so-called "killer 
bees" are in point of fact descended from an African race of Apis 
mellifera.  I would recommend The Hive and the Honey Bee, Chapter 2, 
HONEY BEES OF THE WORLD, as an excellent discussion of honey bee species 
and races.
     In my beekeeping experience, the only bees I encounter that are 
reasonably pure in coloration come from bee breeders.  The swarms I 
frequently hive and the bees I end up keeping after a few seasons of 
breeding are quite a mixture of Italian and Caucasian/Carniolan, as shown 
by the appearance of workers in vatious shades of tan, brown, or grey, 
and not the yellow of thoroughbred Italians. 
     I call these bees "urban feral," as they are the predominant wild 
type in my Detroit, Michigan suburban environment.  They are easily 
domesticated, seem quite hardy, and goo up the hives with substantial 
propolis.  I have resigned myself that if I am to breed my own queens, 
they will have this color within a season or two.  They produce ample 
honey and do not sting much, so they meet my needs in the populated 
environment where I live.  No doubt, their mixed color is the consequence 
of many attempts to establish Caucasian or Midnite Hybrid bees in 
suburbia, without perfect success.
                                                                          
   -- Steve Burt



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sun Dec  4 23:44:49 EST 1994
Article: 1020 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swiss.ans.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Varieties
Date: 5 Dec 1994 02:43:48 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <3btup4$4d2@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <3btt3o$r3a@usenetw1.news.prodigy.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <3btt3o$r3a@usenetw1.news.prodigy.com>,
Steve Burt <ENCX08A@prodigy.com> wrote:
>
>     In my beekeeping experience, the only bees I encounter that are 
>reasonably pure in couloration come from bee breeders.  The swarms I 
>frequently hive and the bees I end up keeping after a few seasons of 
>breeding are quite a mixture of Italian and Caucasian/Carniolan, as shown 
>by the appearance of workers in vatious shades of tan, brown, or grey, 
>and not the yellow of thoroughbred Italians. 

Couloration is not an accurate way to tell what race your bees are.
There are dark Italian bees and yellow caucasian bees out there.
The bees that seem to do the best around here have varying couloration, but
tend to be darker then "yellow bees"
Adam
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From london@SunSITE.unc.edu Sun Dec  4 23:51:36 EST 1994
Article: 1021 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!london
From: london@SunSITE.unc.edu (Larry London)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee pollen (fwd)
Date: 5 Dec 1994 04:58:33 GMT
Organization: SunSITE, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Lines: 163
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>From  paul.magnuson@digitec.co.za Sun Dec  4 21:04:32 EST 1994
Article: 7029 of alt.folklore.herbs
From: paul.magnuson@digitec.co.za (Paul Magnuson) 
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.herbs
Subject: Bee Pollen question  
Date: 3 Dec 94 06:16:00 GMT
Organization: Digitec Online - South Africa
Reply-To: paul.magnuson@digitec.co.za (Paul Magnuson) 

Jennifer) writes:
>I know it's not exactly an herb, but can someone please explain to me 
>just what "bee pollen" is? [text deleted]

Hi Jennifer

I apologise if this is the last in a bunch of replies, but I don't clear
my mailbox that often.  Bee pollen is pollen produced by flowers, and
collected by bees.  That's the simple part.  Thereafter, it may be one
of two rather different entities.

Worker honeybees' thoraxes are covered with fine, plumose hairs, which
trap pollen when they forage in flowers for either/both nectar and/or
pollen.  In flight, this pollen is combed from the hairs, moistened with
regurgitated nectar (which also serves to cool the flight muscles in hot
weather), and collected in the pollen baskets (corbiculae) on the
hindmost pair of legs.  In this form, it is transported home.

In the hive, these pollen loads are removed from the legs, and packed
into wax cells.  It is then eaten by young workers (nurse bees) who
synthesise from it the specialised high protein `brood foods' (bee milk
and royal jelly) to be fed to the developing larvae.  Adult bees have
very limited requirements for protein foods, and thus live virtually
entirely on nectar and honey (a carbohydrate food source).  The larvae
need a high protein food -- this is what pollen is used for by the bees.

In the event that the pollen is not immediately consumed, it must be
preserved in some way.  The bees accomplish this by covering the pollen
mass in each cell with nectar or dilute honey.  A special fermentation
process takes place in the cell, the by-products of which prevent
further decomposition of the pollen.  Livestock farmers do this too --
ask any farmer how he/she makes silage.  The fermented pollen is
referred to as `bee bread' by beekeepers.

Now, there are two ways in which a beekeeper may get pollen from a hive.
A pollen trap may be installed at the entrance of the hive to collect
the pollen loads carried on the foragers' legs.  Simplistically, a
screen is erected across the entrance, with apertures large enough for a
bee, but too small for a bee with large pollen loads.  When a
returning forager passes through the screen, the loads are knocked off
the bees' legs into a collecting tray. That's the easy way.  The product
may be referred to as `pollen pellets'.  Pollen pellets in a jar are
very attractive -- roughly 2-3 mm diameter oval beads, ranging in colour
>from  creamy white to deep red (and occasionally green, or dark brown).
The other way is simple, but highly labour-intensive.  As part of the
normal brood-chamber maintenance regime, warped or otherwise undesirable
brood combs are culled from the brood nest to give the queen new white
comb in which to lay her eggs (there is a long story here, but I will
end up on someone's twit list if I digress to much).  These combs are
then chilled (or frozen) to make the wax brittle.  With a fine knife
blade, the wax cell walls are broken, and the bee bread lozenges
removed.  I believe that mechanical extraction is possible, but I live
in the developing world.  Bee bread retains the hexagonal cross-section
shape of the honey comb cells.  At least with the African bee (the only
one I know and love!!!!!!!) * lozenges of bee bread are roughly 5 mm in
diameter, and slightly longer. The colour is usually more uniform, and
individual lozenges may exhibit layers of differently-coloured pollens.

* Americans beekeepers are just complacent sissies who are so used
to placid ligustica bees that they haven't bothered to learn how
to handle REAL bees that can actually be bothered to defend their
nests :-)  -- if any beekeepers take umbrage at my `windgatheid' I
would love a return airfare to the USA to come over to show you
all how to keep scutellata (yes, Africanized bees are just African
bees) without hassling the bees, and therefore without getting
stung (well OK then, almost never).  Failing that, you are welcome
to come to visit the apiary from which at least some of the
original queens were taken to Brazil -- by definition then, the
home of the stroppiest bee in the world!  Please leave your kit at
home.

Assuming that I haven't bored you too much so far, I would like to
introduce you to an interesting beekeeping/biochemical/nutritional
debate.  The literature is very divided on the relative nutritional
benefits of the two pollen forms.  The debate hinges not on the amounts
of nutritional substances picked up in biochemical assays, but ON THE
AMOUNTS OF NUTRITIONAL SUBSTANCES AVAILABLE FOR ABSORPTION BY THE HUMAN
GUT AFTER DIGESTION.  Everyone agrees that both forms of pollen are
potentially highly nourishing, and MIGHT even be considered a perfect
food for people, were in not for the fact that the vitamins A, D and K
(I think this is correct, but I am 50 km from my reference books) are
virtually absent. Pollen has one of the highest per dry mass protein
levels of all foods known. However, it might be that the coating
surrounding each individual pollen grain is indigestible (this is the
nub of the issue). If this is so, all of the valuable food in pollen is
simply carried right through the gut, and voided.  However, most studies
to my knowledge support the idea that the fermentation process undergone
by bee bread partially breaks down and fractures this pollen coat, thus
liberating the nourishing interior for absorption.

OK, the educated consumer then has a choice -- relatively inexpensive
pollen pellets which might be of absolutely no nutritional significance
for humans, or the prohibitively expensive bee bread.  A related issue
is the relative shelf-lives of the two products.  The unfermented pollen
pellets are most likely far less stable.

Whether pollen is palatable, is a matter of personal decision.  I rather
like it.  Perhaps you could visit a local beekeeper and ask to taste
bee bread as soon as it comes out of a hive.  Unless he/she is a pollen
producer, this might even be thrown away when the combs are rendered for
wax.  It is possible that what you bought has gone off.  Without
knowledge of your local beekeeping conditions, it is also possible that
it is a particularly unpalatable pollen from a specific group of plants.
Honey tastes (and especially smells) very different depending on the
floral source, and it would be reasonable to assume that the same goes
for pollen.  At least in SA most pollen is blended with either liquid or
creamed honey (and marketed as a super-duper health food to athletes and
other superhumans who require more potent fuels than mere mortals).  Try
pouring pollen into liquid honey and blending with a spatula.  If the
honey starts to crystalise, and you stir it a bit every morning at the
breakfast table, you will produce creamed honey -- at probably 1/10 the
price of creamed honey in the shops.

A word of warning -- although pollen is often used (apparently with
great success, at least by those who report anecdotal evidence) in
treating pollen hypersensitivities (allergies), there are records of it
triggering off severe allergic reactions.  I would have to recommend
that you exercise a measure of caution when trying out different
pollens.  The presumed mode of action of pollen in treating
hypersensitivities is similar to that for some homeopathic treatments.
You might consult a trusted homeopath or experienced herbalist for
advice and possibly monitoring when trying pollens from different
batches.  Be aware that even if the pollen comes from the same
distributer, it is almost certainly going to be totally different pollen
each time you buy, since it will have been collected from flowers in
bloom at different times of the year.  It is also likely that the
distributer buys in pollen from various beekeepers from different parts
of the country to ensure a constant supply.

By the way, I am thrilled that you know what propolis is.  Ask your
herbalist or homeopath about its properties.  If they don't know, look
for herbalists/homeopaths trained in Eastern Europe.  If they don't
know, ask me.  In short, it is an almost miraculous natural
antimicrobial substance, which makes a wonderful ointment for external
application to cuts and scrapes.  I am sure that I would be in
contravention of some very serious law if I suggested anything but
external use, so talk to your homeopath).

I wish you well

Paul

Paul Magnuson, Honeybee Research Unit, Plant Protection Research
Institute, Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa.
My work e-mail address is ppripcm@plant1.agric.za
---
. SLMR 2.1a . "I drank WHAT!?" -- Socrates.

----
Digitec Online - South Africa
Telnet: bbs.digitec.co.za or 196.11.62.106





From london@SunSITE.unc.edu Mon Dec  5 10:54:35 EST 1994
Article: 1022 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!london
From: london@SunSITE.unc.edu (Larry London)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
Date: 5 Dec 1994 15:57:01 GMT
Organization: SunSITE, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Lines: 14
Message-ID: <3bvd8d$13dq@bigblue.oit.unc.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: calzone.oit.unc.edu

Address for Eastern Pollinator Newsletter:

>From  pollinator@aol.com Mon Dec  5 10:46:56 EST 1994
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture
Date: 5 Dec 1994 00:20:11 -0500

Pollinator@aol.com
Eastern Pollinator Newsletter 
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC  29554  
Dave Green, Editor





From JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu Tue Dec  6 10:24:24 EST 1994
Article: 1023 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!inxs.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.cac.psu.edu!psuvm!jvf101
Organization: Penn State University
Date: Fri, 2 Dec 1994 17:53:06 EST
From: Jennifer Finley <JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu>
Message-ID: <94336.175306JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: painting hives
Distribution: usa
References: <D03zA6.9G9@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Lines: 16

It is perfectly acceptible to paint or repaint hive boxes while they are
on the hive.  The inside of the box does not require paint -- the bees
coat it with a layer of propolis which preserves it better than
painting.  You should not use a lead-containing paint or any of the more
toxic wood preservatives as these can contaminate the honey and/or be
poisonous to the bees.

We routinely paint boxes in our apiary, both stacked on hives and empty
but within ten feet of working hives.  We have never had a problem with
the paint oder agitating the bees, so, especially at this time of year,
you should have any easy time of it.  Be prepared to pound on your hive
tool a little the first time you remove the super after painting, but
that's the hardest part.  :)

Jennifer Finley
Penn State University


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Dec  6 10:24:25 EST 1994
Article: 1024 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: sci.agriculture.beekeeping faq
Followup-To: poster
Date: 5 Dec 1994 15:42:48 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 292
Message-ID: <3bvcdo$459@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Summary: Pointers to apicultural/beekeeping information
Keywords: bees, beekeeping, apis, apiculture, honey, faq, pollen, stings




sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ

12/5/94

 This is FAQ #6 for sci.agriculture.beekeeping. 



****** POINTERS TO APICULTURAL INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET ******
 
USENET news   
* sci.agriculture.beekeeping   Beekeeping, bee-culture and hive products.

Listserv:
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* Beekeeping Home Page (WWW)
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   http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu:7999/~entweb/apis/apis.html

* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Colorado State University
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* sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu  Anonymous ftp
* sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu  Gopher
 (comments on the above to postmaster@sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu)

* crl.com      Anonymous ftp
                password <your e-mail address>
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* sunsite.unc.edu   Anonymous ftp, gopher, telnet 
   /pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping
/pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping/newsletters/apis
 (an updated list of sunsite's resources is available. Email
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu for the list)


*    ftp.ucdavis.edu    Anonymous ftp
/pub/extension/4h-youth/bee-keeping
    
Questions about accessing these sources may be answered locally or by
reading news.answers, news.announce.newusers or by writing me, and I'll try
to point you in the best direction.(adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu)
 Please don't be afraid to ask!


* Beekeeping FAQ's (frequently asked questions)


How to USE:

Internet E-Mail a message addressed to:  HINT.103@beenet.com
on subject line put the name of FAQ   :  HONEY ADULTERATION

Thats all, you are welcome to add a message.<G> Mail runs are
6am & 6pm. Problems, post to sysop@beenet.com ..


  FAQ                                           Last update    9-28-94
  name                                                * NEW or UPDATED
_________
HINT.IND        THIS INDEX                                          *
WB-FILE.ZIP     Beekeeping Files Wild Bee's BBS 9k                9/28
yellow.jacket   How to get rid of them! Adrian Wenner             8/94
argentin.ant    Argentine Ant Control   Adrian Wenner             8/94
ambee.fed       Info-Joining American Beekeeping Federation
apimon95.txt    Info- APIMONDIA 1995 Meeting
mead.lst        How to join the Mead list mail
bee-l.faq       How to find Bee Info on Internet, Bee-L FAQ's++   9/10
import.relief   Letter to Congress, William J. Clinton (1994)
usda-bee.lab    Address & Info on Sending Dead bee samples (1992)
formic.txt      Warning on use of Formic Acid by beekeepers (1992)
propolis        Jerry Bronenshenk on PROPOLIS (1993)
4-H.txt         4-H joins the Internet (1993)
FSHEET11        INFORMATION US BEEKEEPING
HINT.101        SOURCES OF BEEKEEPING INFORMATION
HINT.102        HONEY AND ITS USES
HINT.103        HONEY ADULTERATION
HINT.104        FLORIDA BEE INSPECTION
HINT.105        FLORIDA BEARS AND BEEKEEPING
HINT.106        HONEY HOUSE SANITATION
HINT.107        FLORIDA HONEY LABELING REGULATIONS
HINT.108        PRODUCING SECTION (COMB) HONEY
HINT.109        EXHIBITING HONEY
HINT.110        SAMPLE POLLINATION AGREEMENT
HINT.111        SOLAR BEESWAX RENDERING AND HINTS FOR EXHIBITING WAX BLOCKS
HINT.112        EXTENSION APICULTURAL VISUAL AIDS
HINT.113        USING HONEY IN LARGE-QUANTITY RECIPES
HINT.115        GOOD NEIGHBOR GUIDELINES AND ORDINANCES
HINT.116        CHALKBROOD RECOMMENDATIONS
HINT.117        HONEY MARKETING SURVEY
HINT.118        PRODUCING POLLEN
HINT.119        FINANCIAL MANGEMENT FOR BEEKEEPERS
HINT.120        UPWARD VENTILATION
HINT.121        WAX MOTH CONTROL
HINT.122        BEE STINGS AND REACTIONS
HINT.123        EXTENSION APICULTURE IN FLORIDA
HINT.124        FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RATIOS FOR BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.125        PRESERVING WOODENWARE IN BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.126        THE VALUE OF POLLINATION BY HONEY BEES
HINT.127        THE VARROA BEE MITE
HINT.128        INFANT BOTULISM AND HONEY
HINT.129        HONEY JUDGING AND STANDARDS
HINT.130        USING THE HONEY REFRACTOMETER
HINT.131        OBSERVATION BEE HIVES

All HINT's courtesy of Malcolm T. Sanford, Cooperative Extension Service
University of Florida, Gainesville, Fl  e:mail mts@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
*beenet.com is a Information Service for Beekeepers & Friends, operated by
Andy Nachbaur from the Wild Bee's BBS, 209-826-8107, Los Banos, CA
****Thanks to Andy Nachbaur for putting this together.****
Andy would like your talents in expanding this service.
Interested? Write him. Email Andy.Nachbaur@beeneet.com
(****note**** this is not the most current list)

 
* Honey Hotline                       NHB Food Technology Program
  1 -800-356-5941                     P.O. Box 281525
  415-340-3568  (FAX)              San Franscisco, CA 94128-1525 USA

* National Honey Board
  421 21 st, suite 203,
  Longmont, CO  80501 USA
  303-776-2337

* The American Apitherapy Society, Inc.
 P.O. Box 124, Woodsville, NH 03785
  603-747-2507 (Voice & Fax)


 *International Bee Research Association
  18 North Rd
  Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK
  F: (+44)222 665522
  V: (+44)222 372409 (24 hrs)
  email: IBRA@cardiff.ac.uk
  Now putting out "B-Mail" a monthly newsletter available on the newsgroup
  or the listserver.


 * Mead lovers list:
 mead-lovers-request@eklektix.com  mead mailing list(subscribe,
 unsubscribe, etc) mead-lovers@eklektix.com (to send message to all
 current mead-lover subscribers)
	

* The Mead Association
 P.O. Box 4666
 Grand Junction, CO 81502
 1-800-693-MEAD
 outside US 303-442-9111 

* Mead book list: for a good list of books on mead mail: jkl2@Ra.MsState.edu 
 ask for book list.


***** Online Beekeeping Reference Sources ******


* For British beekeeping references and general British bee information, email
roe@crosfield.co.uk

* _The Hewitt Apicultural Collection_ 
gopher: <  gopher.uconn.edu > Select Libraries and Research
Services. Then Edward H Kirschbaum Library (Waterbury Campus).
Lastly, Hewitt Apicultural Collection. 
Sheila A. Lafferty, librarian/archivist at UCONN handles this great
resource.
Write her for a bibliography, or questions. email: wbladm03@uconnvm.uconn.edu


***** Specialists *****

 * Dr. Rick Fell, Apiculture/Entomology professor and researcher at VA Tech
is available for questions, comments and queries.         
email  rfell@vt.edu


 * Dr. Adrian Wenner, Biology professor and researcher at UCAL SB has
available information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu 

 * Jim Dixon has information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email jdixon@ogopogo.educ.sfu.ca

 * Sharon J. Collman, W.S.U. Cooperative Extension, also has Yellow Jacket
control information.
email collmans@wsuvm.csc.wsu.edu

* For historical bee lore questions (bees knees), and bee lore info
write Warner Granade, Librarian at UVa.
email jwg2y@poe.acc.virginia.edu

* Pollen Information, including pollen production and pollen usage is 
available from Rob Bidleman.
email robbee@crl.com or Anonymous FTP crl.com (see previous section on FTP
sites) 

* Paul Cheng will be coordinating the Bee sting/venom/allergy FAQ.
email him with your information/input.
email pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu

* For free information on observation hives
email bculture@aol.com  ask for _Observation Hive How-To


* BOMBUS
 A mailing list dedicated to Bumblebees!!
 To subscribe, send a message to bombus-request@csi.uottawa.ca.
 To send a message to everyone on the list, mail it to
 bombus@csi.uottawa.ca.
 The Bombus list is maintained by Chris Plowright
 (plowright@csi.uottawa.ca)




  FAQ List
 The following list of frequently asked questions was compiled by 
 Rick Hough (rshough@tasc.com)  


Folks? Please answer some of these questions if you can find time.
(you'll get your name in the FAQ!)

  Why did my beehive die?
  What is the difference between Honey Bees and other stinging insects?
  How do I recognize a honey bee?
  Why do Bees Sting?
  What Should I do if there are bees flying all around me?
  What is the best treatment for a bee sting?
  Is it true that all bees/honeybees will more likely attack things that
  are tall/dark/furry-hairy/smelly (what kind of smells?) ?
  What is an African Bee, and how do I recognize it?
  Why are African Bees called "Killer Bees?"
  Are African Bees really dangerous?
  Do I have to worry about African Bees? (will African Bees be moving into
  my neighborhood?)
  How far north will the "killer Bees" get, and when?
  Bibliography of children's books on bees.
  Bibliography of beekeeping texts.
  Bibliography of biology (habitat, parasites, etc.)
  Protective gear.
  Finding Queens.
  Regulatory and research people and their addresses.
  AHB Progress and news.
  What is the National Honey Board?
  How do I find a local beekeeper?
  What is a swarm -are they dangerous
  Are their different races of honeybees? What are they and how do they
  differ?
  Supering.
  Honey Production.
  Queen Rearing.
  Social Order.
  Lore.
  Bee Deterrent?
  Swarm removal.

-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Dec  6 23:34:52 EST 1994
Article: 1025 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!panix!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Unusual uses for beeswax?
Date: 6 Dec 1994 19:56:13 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 37
Message-ID: <3c2fkt$36k@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

From: "F. HENRY" <RFH@IOS.BC.CA>
Subject:      Any unusual uses for beeswax?

I am interested in hearing about unusual uses for beeswax, such as the
following two cases from my own experience:
 
1) A military friend asked me for beeswax to stiffen the points of his
   moustache - he had trained it out about three inches on each side
   but drooped at the ends. A light application of beeswax each morning
   fixed it for the day.
 
2) Another friend, who is into medieval jousting, needed to stiffen his
   leather armour because these enthusiasts get carried away in the heat
   of battle and whack one another pretty hard sometimes. (In the Middle
   Ages, the poor foot soldiers used leather while the knights used metal
   armour. Nowadays, metal armour is cheap but heavy - those who can afford
   it use lighter, leather armour). My friend had heard that leather could
   be stiffened by dipping it in beeswax. (Does anyone know if this is
   another medieval practice?). The individual pieces of leather were
   not large, so we heated them up a bit in an oven and dipped them in
   liquid beeswax. The results were very satisfactory on the field of
   battle and it was about five years before the leather had to be
   treated again.
 
Do you know any other out-of-the-ordinary applications for beeswax?
No need to mention candles and batik dyeing, as these are common uses.
 
Thanks in anticipation,
 
Falconer Henry,
Capital Region Beekeepers Association, Victoria, B.C., Canada

-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From london@SunSITE.unc.edu Tue Dec  6 23:53:15 EST 1994
Article: 1026 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!london
From: london@SunSITE.unc.edu (Larry London)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Unusual uses for beeswax?
Date: 7 Dec 1994 05:00:13 GMT
Organization: SunSITE, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Lines: 48
Message-ID: <3c3fgt$1eaj@bigblue.oit.unc.edu>
References: <3c2fkt$36k@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: calzone.oit.unc.edu

In article <3c2fkt$36k@solaris.cc.vt.edu>,
Adam Finkelstein <adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu> wrote:
>From: "F. HENRY" <RFH@IOS.BC.CA>
>Subject:      Any unusual uses for beeswax?
>I am interested in hearing about unusual uses for beeswax, such as the
>following two cases from my own experience:
>[text deleted] 
>Do you know any other out-of-the-ordinary applications for beeswax?
>No need to mention candles and batik dyeing, as these are common uses.

Yes, a very good use for beeswax, as an excellent finish for things made 
of wood:

WOOD FINISH
-----------

Ingredients:
[proportions can vary, just experiment]

pine sap (rosin), fresh or old, that exuded by pine beetles is OK too
rendered animal fat (sheep or lamb is best)
beeswax

heat in a pot and filter liquid through a cloth if trash needs to be removed
pour into a container to harden

the resulting substance should be a bit tacky and should easily soften
with a little heat

usage: heat the mix a little and try to get some on a piece of cloth;
heat wood surface a bit with a hairdryer and apply finish with the cloth

rub in thoroughly until it has been completely absorbed by the wood
keep rubbing until surface is dry and begins to shine 

produces a great finish, fairly durable but doesn't fare well if wood is 
allowed to get wet for prolongued periods - may need to reapply finish 
to restore sheen

this produces a beautiful finish, especially on heart pine

-

possibly as waterproofing for boots except that I hear it will rot stitching
if other than synthetic

Lawrence
london@sunSITE.unc.edu


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Dec  7 00:12:28 EST 1994
Article: 1027 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!iat.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Unusual uses for beeswax?
Date: Wed,  7 Dec 1994 02:23:00 GMT
Message-ID: <941206202550595@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 56        


<quotes>
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 6 Dec 1994 19:56:13 GMT

From: "F. HENRY" <RFH@IOS.BC.CA>
Subject:      Any unusual uses for beeswax?

I am interested in hearing about unusual uses for beeswax, such as the
following two cases from my own experience:

Falconer Henry,
Capital Region Beekeepers Association, Victoria, B.C., Canada

<end quotes>

1>   Well I don't know how unusual it is, but I have been called on for
crude yellow bees wax a few times from our friendly family mortician.
He told me he uses it as one ingredient in a secret old family formula
for making cosmetic wax used in preparings people who may need a little
reconstruction after death for open casket funeral rites. My honey house
is conveniently a few hundred yards away from his place of work, the
local funeral home.

But have never had a problem with bees bringing their wax back as by law
the casket is sealed prior to bringing it outside, and with the cheep
plastic flowers replacing the real thing at the cemetery across the
street there is little need for my bees to do much more there then pass
by reverently.

2>   Beeswax has also been used here abouts in a formula for tree
grafting wax. Again if the formula does not contain some honey bee
repellent it will be stolen back very fast the first hot day and the
graft can be lost.

3>   A mixture of Beeswax and asphalt was once very useful in the
coastal areas that used red wood irrigation troughs in contoured
strawberry beds. The bees did not en grace themselves with strawberry
growers for many years after the first year as within one season ALL
the tar and wax was removed by the bees in the area.

The beehives themselves were a nasty mess also with this black bee glue
that really made a mess of beekeepers hands and gloves. It took
several years and the realization that bees were contributing to the
productiveness of the strawberry crop before growers were willing to
forget and forgive. Today bees are protected in the same area and in
some cases that have a lack of local bees, money is paid to beekeepers
to pollinate strawberry, but not as a rule as beekeepers are in the
area for the winter and spring build up from other plants such as the
blue gum trees.

Hope this is what you were looking for and I am sure as I will think
of other moments of glory with bees wax, others will have bigger and
better tails to tell.
                           ttul Andy-


From tlc@pcmail.nerc-bas.ac.uk Wed Dec  7 12:37:53 EST 1994
Article: 1028 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uknet!festival!nerc-keyworth!pcmail.nerc-bas.ac.uk!tlc
From: tlc@pcmail.nerc-bas.ac.uk (Tom A. Lachlan-Cope)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Unusual uses for beeswax?
Date: Wed, 7 Dec 1994 10:28:33
Organization: British Antarctic Survey
Lines: 24
Message-ID: <tlc.4.000A7A1F@pcmail.nerc-bas.ac.uk>
References: <3c2fkt$36k@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: 192.171.137.158
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

In article <3c2fkt$36k@solaris.cc.vt.edu> adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein) writes:
>Subject: Unusual uses for beeswax?
>From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
>Date: 6 Dec 1994 19:56:13 GMT

>From: "F. HENRY" <RFH@IOS.BC.CA>
>Subject:      Any unusual uses for beeswax?

>I am interested in hearing about unusual uses for beeswax, such as the
>following two cases from my own experience:

>Do you know any other out-of-the-ordinary applications for beeswax?
>No need to mention candles and batik dyeing, as these are common uses.
> 
Well I am not sure if this counts but I was asked last year to supply some 
beeswax to seal the nickel sulphate filter (a glass cell filled with nickel 
sulphate solution) on a Dobson Ozone Spectrometer. The instructions for the 
instrument written many years ago specified beeswax.


Tom Lachlan-Cope

British Antarctic Survey
 


From rus@bga.com Thu Dec  8 19:29:42 EST 1994
Article: 1029 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!bga.com!rus
From: rus@bga.com (Paul Terry)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Wanted: Bee Pollen
Date: 8 Dec 1994 15:05:59 GMT
Organization: Spring Virtual Community 512/302-4000
Lines: 14
Message-ID: <3c77cn$sol@giga.bga.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: edwin.bga.com
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Want to find a source for 300 lb drums of bee pollen that is pure, clean 
and luminscent in color.  Do NOT want impurities, bee legs, grittiness, 
or contaminants of any kind.  Does anyone know where I can get a list of 
beekeepers worldwide on the net?  Is anyone coming to the American 
Beekeeping Convention in Austin, Texas, where we are located.

--
Paul Terry Walhus
The Spring Bee Pollen Collective
6705 N Lamar 264 
Austin TX 78752
512/302-4000 fax: 302-4001
email terry@spring.com and rus@bga.com
telnet spring.com and sign on as new


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Thu Dec  8 19:29:43 EST 1994
Article: 1030 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping on the Internet
Date: 7 Dec 1994 17:10:12 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 15
Message-ID: <3c4q9k$59n@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

 After a quick tour of the net, looking at beekeeping information,
I want you all to know that if you need beekeeping information and cannot
find it on the internet, please let me know. 

 Also check the latest faq. Soon this will be archived and available
in news.answers, and sci.answers. Now it is available here, and at
sunsite.unc.edu, and hopefully at _other_ spots.

Your humble sting addled servant,
Adam
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From rogerc@dante.exide.com Thu Dec  8 19:29:44 EST 1994
Article: 1031 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!dante.exide.com!dante.exide.com!rogerc
From: rogerc@dante.exide.com (Roger Chen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Hive & Equipment forsale: RTP, NC
Date: 8 Dec 1994 20:43:11 GMT
Organization: where
Lines: 44
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3c7r4v$8al@dante.exide.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: inferno.exide.com

Though it has been an educational and enjoyable hobby for five
years, my priorities are now forcing me to leave beekeeping.
I am selling the following equipment, and a working hive
as described below:

Unassembled hive parts
----------------------
3 super boxes
9 super frames
2 outside covers
1 inside cover
20 sheets Duragilt 8 1/2 x 16 7/8 (hive body depth)

Assembled hive parts
--------------------
2 hive body boxes (no frames)
4 supers, 3 with full comb, 1 with bare Duragilt
3 queen excluders
1 inter-hive frame feeder
Misc. hive parts

Populated Hive
--------------
1 colony of Italian, crosscombed beyond repair(?), but an excellent
	honey producer (I have recently taken steps to "repair" it)

Other Equipment
---------------
Jr. Bench Extractor (Dadant), will take up to 2 hive body sized frames
	like-new condition
Hot knife, excellent condition
Medium sized full-body bee suit + veil + hat + gloves
1 pkg Terramycin, unopened
1 pkg Apistan strips, opened, 4 strips removed

Will sell all above items for $400 (cash only), but will consider
selling individual items _as_long_as_ I sell the populated hives
first.  Will consider reasonable offers - please inquire to:

		rogerc@exide.com
		(Roger Chen)

Note: the extractor and hot-knife are worth over $300 together if
purchased new from Dadant.


From markvam@aol.com Thu Dec  8 19:29:47 EST 1994
Article: 1032 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: markvam@aol.com (MarkVam)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Winterizing colonies
Date: 8 Dec 1994 14:40:02 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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Sender: news@newsbf01.news.aol.com
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I'm a hobbyist, new to the art, with one colony in upstate New York. I'm
interested in advice about how best to prepare the colony for our
often-brutal winters. Should I wrap, and if so, how and with what? Should
I drill a ventilation hole in the top super? Please reply here or e-mail
me directly at MarkVam@aol.com


From N0OVF@VAX1.MANKATO.MSUS.EDU Thu Dec  8 19:29:48 EST 1994
Article: 1033 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!ukma!jobone!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!umn.edu!nic.smsu.edu!newsdist.tc.umn.edu!urvile.msus.edu!nitrogen.mankato.msus.edu!dialin-003.mankato.msus.edu!user
From: N0OVF@VAX1.MANKATO.MSUS.EDU (Chris Schmelzer)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Varieties
Date: 6 Dec 1994 04:47:26 GMT
Organization: Mankato State University
Lines: 27
Message-ID: <N0OVF-0412942245050001@dialin-003.mankato.msus.edu>
References: <cspillne-241194222628@gen017.gen.tcd.ie>
NNTP-Posting-Host: dialin-003.mankato.msus.edu

In article <cspillne-241194222628@gen017.gen.tcd.ie>, cspillne@mail.tcd.ie
(Charlie Spillane) wrote:

> Dear subscribers,
> 
> I wonder if anyone can inform me of whether there are varieties of
> "domesticated" bees which are endangered in Europe as I am interested 
> in knowing how broad the genepool of "domesticated bees" is? 
> 
> Also:
> 
> Are all bees susceptible to varroasis and could anyone provide 
> any references on breeding of bees, or good references on bees 
> in general?
> 

Brother Adams strain of bees, the Buckfast bee, is supposed to be
genetically resistant to varroa and tracheal mites.  I used them for
several years and found them to be very gentle, good wintering, and good
producers here in Minnesota.  They are available from Weaver Apiaries in
Texas...

-- 
Christopher Schmelzer
Internet: n0ovf@vax1.mankato.msus.edu
Packet: n0ovf@kf0vc.mn.usa.noam



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Thu Dec  8 19:54:16 EST 1994
Article: 1034 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: ventilation holes
Date: 9 Dec 1994 00:37:45 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 23
Message-ID: <3c88sp$nm3@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <3c4q9k$59n@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <Pine.SCO.3.90.941208141228.12730A-100000@blkbox.blkbox.COM>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <Pine.SCO.3.90.941208141228.12730A-100000@blkbox.blkbox.COM>,
Dan Buchsbaum  <danb@blkbox.com> wrote:

>Hi from warm and balmy Houston, Tx!
>I am nearing the end of my first year of beekeeping and am wondering if I 
>should dare to overide a decision my bees have made.  One of my two hives 
>has bees who insist on plugging up their ventilation hole.  

 If this hole is the one bored in the top box, then I'd let 'em fill it in.
This technique was designed for bees overwintering in the North.
Bees are really good at ventilating themselves. 
Anyone else?
Adam





-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Thu Dec  8 22:58:53 EST 1994
Article: 1035 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!ukma!jobone!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!newshost.marcam.com!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Varieties
Date: 8 Dec 1994 00:20:58 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 25
Message-ID: <3c5jha$ov6@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <cspillne-241194222628@gen017.gen.tcd.ie> <N0OVF-0412942245050001@dialin-003.mankato.msus.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <N0OVF-0412942245050001@dialin-003.mankato.msus.edu>,
Chris Schmelzer <N0OVF@VAX1.MANKATO.MSUS.EDU> wrote:
>In article <cspillne-241194222628@gen017.gen.tcd.ie>, cspillne@mail.tcd.ie
>(Charlie Spillane) wrote:

edited text

>Brother Adams strain of bees, the Buckfast bee, is supposed to be
>genetically resistant to varroa and tracheal mites.  I used them for
>several years and found them to be very gentle, good wintering, and good
>producers here in Minnesota.  They are available from Weaver Apiaries in
>Texas...

 The Buckfast line from Weaver in the US is _not_, _not_ resistant to
varroa. This line is very tolerant to tracheal mites and beekeepers around
the country are pleased with this line overall.
 Brother Adam worked extremely hard to create these bees, and they are
really nice to work with. 


-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From moroney@world.std.com Fri Dec  9 23:20:31 EST 1994
Article: 1036 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!world!moroney
From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: Winterizing colonies
Message-ID: <wXzvkaE96354071yn@world.std.com>
Sender: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
References: <3c7nei$gqu@newsbf01.news.aol.com>
Date: Fri, 9 Dec 1994 04:09:30 GMT
Lines: 26

In article <3c7nei$gqu@newsbf01.news.aol.com>, markvam@aol.com (MarkVam) wrote:
> I'm a hobbyist, new to the art, with one colony in upstate New York. I'm
> interested in advice about how best to prepare the colony for our
> often-brutal winters. Should I wrap, and if so, how and with what? Should
> I drill a ventilation hole in the top super? Please reply here or e-mail
> me directly at MarkVam@aol.com

Your hive should consist of 2 hive bodies full of honey and bees.  It's
probably too late to feed them if this is not the case.  You should have the
entrance reducer set to the smallest setting.  You should have an upper hole
of some sort.  Some inner covers are designed so that you get the upper
hole if you remove a cutout and put it on upside-down, so you don't have to
drill hive bodies.

As to wrapping, there is some debate on this issue.  If the wrapping holds
moisture in, it'll do more harm than good.  Tar paper such as what's used under
roofing is what's traditionally used, but it holds moisture in.  I've heard
of Tyvek (house wrap) being used as it keeps wind out but lets moisture
through.  (hey if it works for people's houses why not bee's houses? :-) )
I'm not an expert though.  My 2 hives did survive last year's nasty
winter without any wrapping.

Be sure any wrapping doesn't block the upper hole, staple the wrap to the
whole area and poke a hole through it.

-Mike


From killoran@ll.mit.edu Fri Dec  9 23:20:32 EST 1994
Article: 1037 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news2.near.net!ll.mit.edu!killoran
From: killoran@ll.mit.edu (Mike Killoran)
Subject: Re: Winterizing colonies
In-Reply-To: moroney@world.std.com's message of Fri, 9 Dec 1994 04:09:30 GMT
Message-ID: <9412091337.PN16169@LL.MIT.EDU>
Sender: news@ll.mit.edu
Organization: MIT Lincoln Lab -- Lexington, MA
References: <3c7nei$gqu@newsbf01.news.aol.com> <wXzvkaE96354071yn@world.std.com>
Date: Fri,  9 Dec 94 13:37:15 -0500
Lines: 29

In article <wXzvkaE96354071yn@world.std.com> moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney) writes:

>  You should have the entrance reducer set to the smallest setting.

A hint here is to have the opening pointing up.  That is, make it 
a 'U' as opposed to a 'n'.  This way, if there are a pile of dead 
bees over the winter, they're less likely to block the door.

>   You should have an upper hole
>   of some sort.  Some inner covers are designed so that you get the upper
>   hole if you remove a cutout and put it on upside-down, so you don't have to
>   drill hive bodies.

What I did was to flip over the inner cover (so the extra space is _in_ 
the hive), and then made a one inch cut out in the edge of the cover.
This acts as an upper hole and doesn't require drilling the hive body.
During the season I swap upper and lower hive bodies (the upper tends
to get used and the bottom left empty) and I didn't want to have to
worry about where the hole was.

Another thing that I'm going to try is to put some crinkled up newspaper
between the inner and outer cover.  This will act as a sponge for the 
moisture coming up through the inner cover hole (the oval one).

	-Mike Killoran
--
Mike Killoran                            Zen says:
killoran@ll.mit.edu                  Cease to do evil,
(617) 981-2667 (Lexington, MA USA)    Try to do good.


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Fri Dec  9 23:20:33 EST 1994
Article: 1038 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!theo!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Beeswax, Hams, IRC, Bells, A Survey, the meaning of life, and more
Message-ID: <D0H14s.K98@cuug.ab.ca>
Date: Thu, 8 Dec 1994 02:48:28 GMT
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL0]
Lines: 123

There was some complaint about the level of chatter on BEE-L and the 
suggestion was made that this is the place for small-talk.

I don't know how many of the group have access to USENET, or (can) read this 
group, but here's what I posted over there. . .  

Some of this may be irrelevant here, but read down, you may find 
something interesting. . . 

Ignore my comments in the post to the list re replying by mail, because on 
USENET, it seems the more trivial the post the better ;-)

Allen

*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*


Charter:
BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information
concerning the biology of bees.  This includes honey bees
and other bees (and maybe even wasps).  We communicate about
sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution,
genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower
nectar and pollen production of bees.

. . . So sayeth the FAQ

But please read on.

> >My thanks to all who contributed interesting uses. I find that 'what is
> >beeswax used for' close to top of the list of FAQ's at any public demo
> >on bees and beekeeping and was getting tired of giving the same old
> >answers. Apologies to those who found the correspondence irrelevant to
> >their own operations.

>    That was quite a set of responses about uses of beeswax, but may I
> suggest another procedure.  Broadcasting a question to all on the net is a
> great idea.  However, when three or four responses come in, I believe it
> courteous for subsequent respondents to reply directly to the questioner by
> the private number, rather than burden the net with dozens of calls.
>
>    If the initiating person then gets a good input of potential use to many
> on the net, the replies can be summarized and sent out as a summary on the
> net so that we get one long message rather than many many short messages
> that may or may not be of interest (and/or listed on the FAQ).
>
>    The reason for my comments:  some of us receive an audible signal that a
> new message has come in -- a very handy cue when we are expecting a return
> message about an important topic from someone.  If that bell goes off
> several times an hour and each turns out to be yet another response to a
> single question of only moderate interest, it becomes difficult to
> concentrate on other tasks.  It is sort of like a lot of people dialing the
> wrong number (ours) all the time.

Thanks for the explanation of why posts can be aggravating.  I have a
bell, too, but don't leave my mail reader on all the time, so it never
ocurred to me that it could be a problem beyond pushing 'd' ten or so
times to clear out uninteresting mail.  I don't feel compelled to read
everything in my mailbox.

I am sure that there are a range of opinions on what is fit for posting
on this list, from those who feel that only two or three things a year
are worth posting to those who would (like myself) wish to see lots of
topics posted daily, whether I care to read them or not.

To my knowledge there are no other places for such a discussion to take
place.  I enjoyed the enthusiasm shown in the few responses I did read -
and I approve personally.

Now, whether things fit the Charter or not, may be a judgement call.  In
this particular case, I confess that the subject was not read by yours
truly, but flushed (mostly) unread.  You can be sure, however that I know it
is in the logs for reference if I should ever need to know - and it is a
question every beekeeper is asked over and over.

I would personally *much* prefer to see some chatter on the channel, than
see days go by where people are afraid to post, and fail to bring forward
their thoughts and questions, no matter how banal they might seem to some
others.  The very fact that there were so many responses indicated that it
is an area of great interest!

Speaking of logs, those who are concerned about being disturbed by
incoming messages can unsubscribe, but keep up to date on BEE-L by
requesting the latest log from the LISTSERV whenever they feel like
reading it. (Email me if you haven't been able and need help).

Perhaps we need another bee list.  One for *serious* ;) discussion.  And
one for light chatter.  Unfortunately I don't (yet) have the software to
set up such a thing.  Maybe soon, we can split the list and have a
chatter group and a group which only receives summaries and bulletins.

In the meantime, not to ring your bell an extra time with the following
trivia, I wish to announce that so far ten (10) Bee-l'rs are also ham radio
operators and we may have a worldwide chat on ham radio as a result of my
last survey!!!

ALSO, how many would like to meet on IRC some night/day for a bee
chat???  Respond to me (NOT the list).

I confess I am just getting going on IRC, but please do email me - anyone
who is interested - under the subject heading 'IRC for bees' so that I
will read it.  Please bee careful with your reply and do not include bee-l
in the reply or cc line.  Read the header carefully before you send and
make sure it has *only* my address on it - OR you will ring some bells you
shouldn't!

I would like to hear comments form *everyone* who cares - on what is the
correct and proper use of this list.  Please email me your comments and I
will summarise the (printable) ones to the list.

Comments to dicka@cuug.ab.ca.  Flames to /dev/nul.

:)

W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                      VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA
>

-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                      VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From sltqd@cc.usu.edu Sat Dec 10 20:52:46 EST 1994
Article: 1039 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.cs.utah.edu!cc.usu.edu!sltqd
From: sltqd@cc.usu.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Are these varroa mites?
Message-ID: <1994Dec9.115953.35000@cc.usu.edu>
Date: 9 Dec 94 11:59:53 MDT
Organization: Utah State University
Lines: 24

Bad news:

I went out yesterday to take a look at the hives and found out of six, five were
dead.  Upon inspection I found the cause:  mites.  These were small, roundish,
red creatures, all dead.  Some were still attached to the bees in the segments
of the abdomens of the dead bees.  Are these the cursed varroa mites?  I posted
earlier saying i had eight dead hives.  I checked the base boards of those
hives yesterday when I brought the latest dead hives in.  These older boards
also had dead mites in them. 

We might have treated them earlier if we had known what to look for.  My dad
contacted the Utah state entomologist who said that there was no point in
treating them now, during the winter.  I guess you learn as you go.

As I asked before, are these the damnable varroa I have been hearing about? 
Can we use the infected boxes and frames again, or should they be destroyed? 
Is there anything else we can do for next year to prevent the mites from
infecting?

Thanks for your help earlier and now,

Todd Seamons
SLTQD@cc.USU.edu
 


From keancl@oregon.uoregon.edu Sun Dec 11 12:36:21 EST 1994
Article: 1040 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!news.uoregon.edu!oregon.uoregon.edu!KEANCL
From: keancl@oregon.uoregon.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Unusual uses for beeswax?
Date: 11 Dec 1994 02:53:58 GMT
Organization: University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
Lines: 47
Message-ID: <3cdpk6$fro@pith.uoregon.edu>
References: <3c2fkt$36k@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Reply-To: keancl@oregon.uoregon.edu
NNTP-Posting-Host: oregon.uoregon.edu

In article <3c2fkt$36k@solaris.cc.vt.edu>, adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein) writes:
>From: "F. HENRY" <RFH@IOS.BC.CA>
>Subject:      Any unusual uses for beeswax?
>
>I am interested in hearing about unusual uses for beeswax, such as the
>following two cases from my own experience:
> 
>1) A military friend asked me for beeswax to stiffen the points of his
>   moustache - he had trained it out about three inches on each side
>   but drooped at the ends. A light application of beeswax each morning
>   fixed it for the day.
> 
>2) Another friend, who is into medieval jousting, needed to stiffen his
>   leather armour because these enthusiasts get carried away in the heat
>   of battle and whack one another pretty hard sometimes. (In the Middle
>   Ages, the poor foot soldiers used leather while the knights used metal
>   armour. Nowadays, metal armour is cheap but heavy - those who can afford
>   it use lighter, leather armour). My friend had heard that leather could
>   be stiffened by dipping it in beeswax. (Does anyone know if this is
>   another medieval practice?). The individual pieces of leather were
>   not large, so we heated them up a bit in an oven and dipped them in
>   liquid beeswax. The results were very satisfactory on the field of
>   battle and it was about five years before the leather had to be
>   treated again.
> 
>Do you know any other out-of-the-ordinary applications for beeswax?
>No need to mention candles and batik dyeing, as these are common uses.
> 
>Thanks in anticipation,
> 
>Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
>Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
>adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


I make a shoe protector with beeswax.  I melt about 1 part beeswax with 4 parts
olive oil. (Just estimates- trial and error works great).  I then pour it into
short jars and let it cool. I've been using it as a leather water repellant
for almost 2 years.  You can also use it as lip balm.

I've also read that in the middle ages, flax fibers were dipped in melted
beeswax.  The were then stuffed in the end of a hemlock stalk and used as a
torch.  

Paul Cauthorn
keancl@oregon.uoregon.edu



From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Mon Dec 12 12:53:41 EST 1994
Article: 1041 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!news2.near.net!satisfied.elf.com!rpi!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Are these varroa mites?
Date: Mon, 12 Dec 94 07:44:12 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 80
Message-ID: <1708A6CD1S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <1994Dec9.115953.35000@cc.usu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <1994Dec9.115953.35000@cc.usu.edu>
sltqd@cc.usu.edu writes:
 
>
>Bad news:
>
>I went out yesterday to take a look at the hives and found out of six,
>five were dead...
>
>As I asked before, are these the damnable varroa I have been hearing about?
>Can we use the infected boxes and frames again, or should they be destroyed?
>Is there anything else we can do for next year to prevent the mites from
>infecting?
>
>Thanks for your help earlier and now,
>
 
Todd,
   Telling you what you already know, "Yup.  Mites have done you in!".
It's a sad and hard lesson that more and more of us are learning.  Seems
one would have to live in a cave not to have at least heard of varroa,
but it's not until it hits home that we realize the "It CAN happen
here!".  I follow very closely current literature about the mites'
progress, but it wasn't until I had 'em that I took the threat
seriously.
   The bad news, as you've noted, is that you lost 5 outta 6 hives.
Chances are that hive number 6 is in jeopardy.  You can still treat that
hive, but it's only worth the bother if there is a sufficient remaining
population to warrant treatment.  You'll need two strips and they come
packaged by the dozen (or is it ten?) for about $20 U.S.  I would guess
(and this is ONLY a guess) that your remaining hive is probably close to
the end and probably won't make it through the winter, treatment or not.
   The most critical time to treat your hives is in the fall, about
the time when drones are being expelled.  At that time, drone brood
(preferred by varroa) is next to nonexistant and varroa switches over
to worker brood.  The percentage of infected workers skyrockets at a
time when your hive needs a healthy worker population in preparation for
winter.  The added stress of varroa can cause the workers to die before
they make it through the winter, or as noted in this forum, can cause
your bees to abscond (take off for a better location or perhaps move
into neighboring hives - taking the infestation with them)!  Thus, it is
very important to diagnose and treat for varroa when the honey season is
winding down.  In these parts (Upstate New York) there was a real
conflict between the approaching winter and a GREAT(!) fall honey flow.
One should never treat hives with ANYTHING while honey supers (for human
consumption) are in plave.  I opted to withhold treatment until the
fall flow was completely over.  So far that decision has cost me two out
eight hives.  Hardly worth the 50 or 60 pounds of honey I got by waiting.
   The good news is that you will be able to reuse your equipment next
spring.  The mites are parasites and require healthy hosts to survive.
When the bees die, the mites' demise is not far off.  You should however
be warry of your new bees picking up varroa from your area next year.
If hive number 6 survives, it should be suspect.  If hive 6 doesn't make
it, your area is still suspect.  Learn to diagnose varroa by means other
than a dead hive.  Ether roll or visual examination of drone brood are
two methods to determine if your bees have mites.  If you find that
mites are a problem, get the supers off and the Apistan strips in.  And
be particularly warry of reinfestation from your own hives.  If you
find mites in a single hive and treat accordingly, but miss a problem
in a neighboring hive, the treated hive may be quick to pick up mites
>from  the infested but untreated neighbor.  Varroa is a REAL problem that
can wipe out a hive totally or take a good chunk out of a honey flow if
they show up at the wrong time.  Murphy's law says they'll probably show
up at the peak of the best honey flow of the season.  If they do, your
choice is to sacrifice the harvest for the sake of your bees or sacrifice
your bees in sake of a better harvest.  It's more economical to sacrifice
the harvest than the bees.  I'll keep a closer eye on the problem next
year and may opt to skip the fall flow altogether in favor of an early
treatment.  I'd rather have less honey in the fall and healthy bees in
the spring than more honey in the fall and NO bees in the spring.
   Finally, keep current on breeding efforts.  There currently are no
breeds available commercially that have proven to be varroa resistant.
Buckfast bees show promise towards tracheal (not varroa) mite resistance
and there are signs of hope for varroa resistance from other breeds,
but nothing is available yet.  Currently, Apistan is the best bet, but
better bees may be on the horizon.
   Sorry for your loss.  Consider it an expensive lesson from the
School of Hard Knocks.  Good luck staying mite free next year!
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From danb@blkbox.com Mon Dec 12 20:58:31 EST 1994
Article: 1042 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Dan Buchsbaum <danb@blkbox.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: ventilation holes
Date: Thu, 8 Dec 1994 14:25:42 -600 (CST)
Organization: The Black Box, Houston, Tx (713) 480-2686 
Lines: 9
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Hi from warm and balmy Houston, Tx!
I am nearing the end of my first year of beekeeping and am wondering if I 
should dare to overide a decision my bees have made.  One of my two hives 
has bees who insist on plugging up their ventilation hole.  Every time I 
clean it out, they fill it back up.  Should I be bullied by my bees on 
this decision, or make like I'm the boss (ha! what a joke) and keep it 
cleaned out.  Let me know if I'm leaving out info you need to know to 
answer this.
Chow for now......................................Cynthia


From ben@iconz.co.nz Mon Dec 12 20:58:32 EST 1994
Article: 1043 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ben@iconz.co.nz (Ben Torkington)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: ventilation holes
Date: 12 Dec 1994 15:37:27 GMT
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Dan Buchsbaum (danb@blkbox.com) wrote:
: Hi from warm and balmy Houston, Tx!
: I am nearing the end of my first year of beekeeping and am wondering if I 
: should dare to overide a decision my bees have made.  One of my two hives 
: has bees who insist on plugging up their ventilation hole.  Every time I 
: clean it out, they fill it back up.  Should I be bullied by my bees on 
: this decision, or make like I'm the boss (ha! what a joke) and keep it 
: cleaned out.  Let me know if I'm leaving out info you need to know to 
: answer this.
: Chow for now......................................Cynthia

--
Well, sadly, you are never the boss of your bees, you can 'persuade' them 
not to do things (ie. Swarm :-) but if they have to it's up to them.  If 
the hive entrance is wide enough then I wouldn't worry about the 
ventilation hole at all.
Good Luck.
Regards..Ben

       \\||//
         oo
+-----w--\/--w---------------------------------------------------+
|  Ben Torkington                               ben@iconz.co.nz  |
|                                                                |
|      "I'm sorry...I farted in the church." -King Missile       |
+----------------------------------------------------------------+


From westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov Tue Dec 13 15:40:36 EST 1994
Article: 1044 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov (Doug Westphal)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Varroa Mites: two observations
Date: 12 Dec 1994 15:48:05 GMT
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NNTP-Posting-Host: halo.arc.nasa.gov


I use bees for bee venom therapy and as such am often observing them
through clear jars.

Observation 1: Nine out of ten mites are on the abdomen and out of view
when looking at the bees in the hive. I have had several beekeepers say
that they didn't have mites, and mites couldn't be seen in the hive, but
as soon as a get them in my jar, I can see their abdomens and one mite
per twenty or thirty bees becomes real obvious. So, if you want a better
look at them, put a bunch in a jar and look at their bellys.

Observation 2: I have seen mites on workers in spring and summer and fall.
The party line says that they move off the drones and onto the workers in fall.
That may be true in some cases, but I have seen MANY on workers in summer.
So, I'd be looking for them all year long. You might not be able to treat
a problem during honey flow, but you will know that they are around and be
ready to treat after honey flow.

Doug Westphal
Santa Cruz, CA

ps. Mites seem to be killing 40 to 70% of hives in San Jose and Santa Cruz.


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Dec 13 15:42:35 EST 1994
Article: 1045 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: When to treat mites(was Re: Varroa Mites: two observations)
Date: 12 Dec 1994 18:58:54 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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References: <3chrbl$deh@news.arc.nasa.gov>
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NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <3chrbl$deh@news.arc.nasa.gov>,
Doug Westphal <westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov> wrote:

(Deleted)

>Observation 2: I have seen mites on workers in spring and summer and fall.
>The party line says that they move off the drones
>and onto the workers in fall.
>That may be true in some cases, but I have seen MANY on workers in summer.
>So, I'd be looking for them all year long. You might not be able to treat
>a problem during honey flow, but you will know that they are around and be
>ready to treat after honey flow.

 The most effective time to treat Varroa with Apistan is when there is no
brood at all. Apistan works on contact. So, if there are only worker bees,
and no brood, Apistan will contact these bees most effectively.
Treating in Fall, winter, or spring is fine, but the best control will be
obtained when there are only house bees.
 I've seen Varroa on queens. NASTY.
Adam
>
>Doug Westphal
>Santa Cruz, CA
>
>ps. Mites seem to be killing 40 to 70% of hives in San Jose and Santa Cruz.


-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From phrrv@csv.warwick.ac.uk Tue Dec 13 19:24:17 EST 1994
Article: 1046 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: phrrv@csv.warwick.ac.uk (Dr G A Cooke)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Unusual uses for beeswax?
Date: 13 Dec 1994 16:52:32 -0000
Organization: University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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My brother uses it to lubricate and waterproof the zips on his
scuba drysuit.  It is better than greases as it doesn't soak into
the fabric bits and therefore means that the zip can be replaced 
easily, don't ask me why they can't put a zip into greasy material.
He takes most of my wax in 2oz blocks for this purpose.

graham



From zeide@cotton.uamont.edu Wed Dec 14 01:43:02 EST 1994
Article: 1047 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!att-out!pacbell.com!uop!lll-winken.llnl.gov!noc.near.net!paperboy.wellfleet.com!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!news.uoregon.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!ns1.nodak.edu!news.uoknor.edu!news.ualr.edu!cotton.uamont.edu!ZEIDE
From: zeide@cotton.uamont.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Wanted: Bee Pollen
Date: 12 Dec 1994 22:27:22 GMT
Organization: University of Arkansas at Monticello
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References: <3c77cn$sol@giga.bga.com>
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NNTP-Posting-Host: cotton.uamont.edu

In article <3c77cn$sol@giga.bga.com>, rus@bga.com (Paul Terry) writes:
>Want to find a source for 300 lb drums of bee pollen that is pure, clean 
>and luminscent in color.  Do NOT want impurities, bee legs, grittiness, 
>or contaminants of any kind.  Does anyone know where I can get a list of 
>beekeepers worldwide on the net?  Is anyone coming to the American 
>Beekeeping Convention in Austin, Texas, where we are located.
>
>--
>Paul Terry Walhus
>The Spring Bee Pollen Collective
>6705 N Lamar 264 
>Austin TX 78752
>512/302-4000 fax: 302-4001
>email terry@spring.com and rus@bga.com

>telnet spring.com and sign on as new

Paul,

It will be hard to get so much pollen. I remember one method that might
help. To decide whether it would, please tell me how are you going to use
it.

Boris
/sig


From dnewcomb@whale.st.usm.edu Wed Dec 14 10:02:26 EST 1994
Article: 1048 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dnewcomb@whale.st.usm.edu (Donald R. Newcomb)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Unusual uses for beeswax?
Date: 13 Dec 1994 08:54:55 -0600
Organization: University of Southern Mississippi
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NNTP-Posting-Host: whale.st.usm.edu

Of course, one current use of beeswax is in various formulas for the
lubricants used to coat the bullets used in target pistols.
-- 
Donald R. Newcomb              * University of Southern Mississippi
dnewcomb@whale.st.usm.edu      * "The God who gave us life gave us liberty
dnewcomb@falcon.st.usm.edu     * at the same time."  T. Jefferson (1774)


From moroney@world.std.com Wed Dec 14 21:40:04 EST 1994
Article: 1049 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: When to treat mites
Message-ID: <0HFxkaE96VmJ071yn@world.std.com>
Sender: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
References: <3chrbl$deh@news.arc.nasa.gov> <3ci6he$gu9@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Date: Tue, 13 Dec 1994 01:09:20 GMT
Lines: 13

In article <3ci6he$gu9@solaris.cc.vt.edu>,
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein) wrote:
>  The most effective time to treat Varroa with Apistan is when there is no
> brood at all. Apistan works on contact. So, if there are only worker bees,
> and no brood, Apistan will contact these bees most effectively.
> Treating in Fall, winter, or spring is fine, but the best control will be
> obtained when there are only house bees.

I wondered how varroa don't die off every winter when there is no brood (in
this area, anyway).  Do they feed on adult bees as well as brood, or do
they simply survive without food until there is brood for them?

-Mike


From dslibby@vishwa.win-uk.net Wed Dec 14 21:40:05 EST 1994
Article: 1050 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!ibmpcug!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!vishwa!dslibby
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Message-ID: <23@vishwa.win-uk.net>
Reply-To: dslibby@vishwa.win-uk.net (David Scott Libby)
From: dslibby@vishwa.win-uk.net (David Scott Libby)
Date: Wed, 14 Dec 1994 14:00:26 GMT
Subject:  Wasps robbing hives any suggestions?
Lines: 15

Hello out there!

I am having a lot of problems with wasps robbing my hives, in fact
I have lost three! I have tried setting various traps but to no
avail.

The hives and I are in the Midlands of England if any of you expert
apiarists out there have any suggestions as to what else I might try
then please mail me at 

dslibby@vishwa.win-uk.net

Thank you very much

David Libby 



From lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu Thu Dec 15 20:34:16 EST 1994
Article: 1051 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
Subject: Yugos?
Message-ID: <D0uyB9.44o@oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu>
Sender: news@oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu (news account)
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Date: Thu, 15 Dec 1994 15:13:56 GMT
Lines: 4

Was in a hardware store last night, saw reference to a new bee being
'developed in the US' called Yugo which shows great resistance to
or something similarly titled. I only ask because we are just so..chatty
  Regards, Lars/lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu


From htho@se.alcbel.be Fri Dec 16 18:45:34 EST 1994
Article: 1052 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: htho@se.alcbel.be (Hugo Thone)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Are these varroa mites?
Date: 14 Dec 1994 11:54:09 GMT
Organization: Alcatel Bell
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In article <1994Dec9.115953.35000@cc.usu.edu>
sltqd@cc.usu.edu writes:
 
>
>Bad news:
>
>I went out yesterday to take a look at the hives and found out of six,
>five were dead...
>
>As I asked before, are these the damnable varroa I have been hearing about?
>Can we use the infected boxes and frames again, or should they be destroyed?
>Is there anything else we can do for next year to prevent the mites from
>infecting?
>
>Thanks for your help earlier and now,
>
 
Todd,

We are living here with Varroa for more than 5 years.  Apistan strips have
proved to be the most effective and handy remedy.
We apply it immediately after the last harvest (begin august) and we leave
the strips in the hives for maximum 6 weeks.  In emergency cases you can use
it in spring too, but then the honney is unsuitable for human consumption. 


The main problem is the contamination of the wax with fluvalinate after
several years of treatement or after faulty use of the Varroa strips.
I presume it will be found in the honney eventually.

There is no problem in re-using your boxes and frames. The main source 
of infection are the colonies in your neighboorhood that are heavily infected
with Varroa mites.


	Cheers,
-- 

Hugo Thone / ALCATEL BELL TELEPHONE / SE121 / F.Wellesplein 1 / B-2018 Antwerp
Email : htho@se.bel.alcatel.be / Phone : (32) 3 240 94 52 / Fax:(32) 3 240 99 50

                           do bee do bee do ....



From cst@cnj.digex.net Fri Dec 16 18:45:35 EST 1994
Article: 1053 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news1.digex.net!cnj.digex.net!usenet
From: cst@cnj.digex.net (Charles St. Charles)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: photographing bees during winter
Date: 15 Dec 1994 15:09:01 GMT
Organization: Express Access Online Communications, USA
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Xdisclaimer: No attempt was made to authenticate the sender's name.

I'm a freelance photographer who needs a little advice. One of the
editors that I work with is interested in a story on beekeeping. I have
plenty of images of bees on flowers and in flight, but she wants me to
get some photos of bees in a hive. My concern is that it is too cold
now to open a hive. 

My understanding is that at about 57F the bees cluster on the top of
the lower hive body into a ball that expands or contracts in responce
to the ambient temperature. The bees slowly circulate in this ball
where it is considerably warmer in the center. Occasionally they will
make short flights for elimination purposes if the temperature is warm
enough.

I'm a photographer, not a beekeeper, so please correct me if I'm wrong
(obviously there are many details that I've glossed over). My question
is will it be harmful to a hive to open it up long enough to get
photographs (probably in the range of 15 minutes). Maybe a better
question is at what temperature will it NOT be harmful to the hive?
Also how would you recommend finding a beekeeper in my area (central
NJ) that would work with me?

Thanks in advance for any help. If there is any interested I could post
some digitized bee photos as a token of my thanks...

Charles St. Charles
cst@cnj.digex.com


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Fri Dec 16 22:11:47 EST 1994
Article: 1054 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Are These Varroa Mites
Date: 17 Dec 1994 01:31:53 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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Regarding Todd's loss of 5 out of 6 hives to Varroa....

I think you should be wondering why the 6th hive is still alive.  It may 
be that they have some degree of mite resistance and are therefore worth 
saving - even if in a weakened state.  Andy Morris' advice is sound, but 
if they look at all like they might make it through the Winter, you 
ought to consider treating and then producing some splits from them.... 

Just some dissenting advice...

David J. Trickett -- UPenn


From JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu Fri Dec 16 22:11:48 EST 1994
Article: 1055 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.cac.psu.edu!psuvm!jvf101
Organization: Penn State University
Date: Fri, 16 Dec 1994 17:51:55 EST
From: Jennifer Finley <JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu>
Message-ID: <94350.175155JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: photographing bees during winter
References: <3cpm6d$hil@cnj.digex.net>
Lines: 73

Hi!  Welcome to the world of beekeeping!

To paraphrase your question: Can you open a beehive for short periods in
winter without jeopardizing the bees?

In a word: Yes.

I have probably opened more beehives in the winter than I have in the
summer over the course of 5 years of tracheal mite studies -- sampling
every six weeks means sampling in February cold and two feet of snow
too.  The only ill effects I ever noticed were in colonies that had six
other reasons to die anyway.  Normal, healthy colonies are not adversely
affected.

As you mentioned, the bees comsume their honey as a fuel to generate
heat inside their clusters, which prevents them from freezing in winter.
The inner core of the cluster is maintained at approximately 32 degrees
C (93-94 F), while the outer edge of the cluster is regulated to 20
degrees C (68 F).  If the bees want to fly during a sunny winter
afternoon, they create a warm tunnel of air to bridge the gap between
the cluster and the entrance to their hive, because, while they may have
fuzzy backs, they don't have fuzzy slippers!  :)

Anyway, here are a few pointers to guide you in your winter
observations:

1) Try to pick a time when the bees are flying.  Most activity occurs
between 2:00 and 4:00 pm on calm afternoons.  This usually coincides
with the warmest part of the day.  (I have seen lots of bees flying at
25 degrees F on a sunny day.)

2) Definitely pick a time when there is little wind.  Wind chill saps
the heat from bees just as it does from people or more so.

3) While there is a lot of talk about temperature cut-offs for opening
hives, I have yet to have a temperature-related problem.  Above 55 F the
bees do not need to concern themselves with heat conservation, so you
can have them open as long as you can stand.  Above 40 F the bees will
most probably be flying if conditions permit.  Above 32 F most colonies
will fly for a few hours in the afternoon conditions permitting.
Between 32 F and about 20 F strong colonies will fly intermittedly in
the afternoons, more colonies will fly on sunny, calm days.  Below 20 F
the majority of colonies stay home and human comfort begins to come into
play, but you can still open hives for a short period if you're crazy enough.

4) Keep track of your "open time" and try to close the colonies in a
reasonable amount of time.  Fifteen minutes is no problem in most
weather.  If you have moderate temperatures, say mid-30's, and LITTLE
WIND, you could extend this time to 30 minutes, 45 minutes, an hour.
Again, the amount of wind chill is the most damaging factor, and you
need to adjust your "open time" accordingly.  The bees will usually tell
you when they've had enough -- they sit quietly for a while, but if they
persist in climbing to the top bars or taking short flights to land on
your shoulder -- it's time to put the lid on.

5) Try to disturb the cluster as little as possible.  Do not remove
frames from the middle of the bees, take the outermost frame if you
must.  If the cluster is occupying several boxes and you must split
them, be sure to protect the bees in the upper box(es) from the wind.
Stack any removed boxes so that the bees in them are together as much as
possible (but don't rearrange frames).  Set them straight down into an
outer cover (don't angle them and leave air gaps) and cover the top with
a second cover or piece of burlap, etc.

You will probably need very little smoke -- enough to crack the lid, but
that's about it unless you delve into the very heart of the cluster.

Have fun warming your hands over the cluster!!!  You'll wish you could
take them home in your pockets!!!!

Jennifer Finley

Graduate student, Entomology, Penn State University


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Fri Dec 16 22:11:49 EST 1994
Article: 1056 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!psuvax1!news.cc.swarthmore.edu!netnews.upenn.edu!dolphin.upenn.edu!djt
From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Yugos
Date: 17 Dec 1994 01:37:59 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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I believe S & F Honey Farm (Flemington, NJ) is using Yugoslavian stock in 
their breeding program...

--
David J. Trickett -- UPenn


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Dec 16 22:11:50 EST 1994
Article: 1057 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Are These Varroa Mites
Date: 17 Dec 1994 02:03:32 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <3ctgtk$agv@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <3ctf29$d9n@netnews.upenn.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <3ctf29$d9n@netnews.upenn.edu>,
David J Trickett <djt@dolphin.upenn.edu> wrote:
>Regarding Todd's loss of 5 out of 6 hives to Varroa....
>
>I think you should be wondering why the 6th hive is still alive.  It may 
>be that they have some degree of mite resistance and are therefore worth 
>saving - even if in a weakened state.  Andy Morris' advice is sound, but 
>if they look at all like they might make it through the Winter, you 
>ought to consider treating and then producing some splits from them.... 
 
 Well... maybe. If this hive was one out of 1000, maybe you'd have some
chance at tolerant stock, but one out of 6 just doesn't cut it in the
selection scenario.  Check it out though, numbers aren't _always_ right.
 good luck,
Adam
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From paullam@unixg.ubc.ca Sat Dec 17 01:11:32 EST 1994
Article: 1058 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!darkstar.UCSC.EDU!news.hal.COM!decwrl!tribune.usask.ca!quartz.ucs.ualberta.ca!unixg.ubc.ca!paullam
From: paullam@unixg.ubc.ca (Paul Lam)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: HELP!  HELP!
Date: 17 Dec 1994 04:42:51 GMT
Organization: University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
Lines: 18
Message-ID: <3ctq8b$ni1@nnrp.ucs.ubc.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: interchg.ubc.ca
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

To all newsgroup users:

I am currently writing a research paper about communication and foraging 
behavior of the honeybee ( more specificly Apis mellifera and dorsata).  
The main topic is very familiar to you guys, but totally incomprehensible 
for an outsider like me:  DANCE LANGUAGE vs ODOR SEARCH.  In your 
experience, do you find that the bee dance is more important than the use 
of odors for food searching, or vice versa?  I have read a lot of 
articles, and found that a lot of the results contradict each other.  I'm 
really stuck, so any comment will be deeply appreciated.

Thanks in advance.

--
 |~~~\     /| |     | |
 |___/   /  | |     | |
 |     /----| |     | |
 |   /      |  \___/  |____


From jcooper@infinet.com Sat Dec 17 01:11:34 EST 1994
Article: 1059 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!malgudi.oar.net!infinet!jcooper
From: jcooper@infinet.com (Joseph Cooper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Winterizing colonies
Date: 16 Dec 1994 01:41:58 GMT
Organization: InfiNet - Internet Access (614/224-3410)
Lines: 58
Message-ID: <3cqr96$fah@rigel.infinet.com>
References: <3c7nei$gqu@newsbf01.news.aol.com> <wXzvkaE96354071yn@world.std.com> <9412091337.PN16169@LL.MIT.EDU>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rigel.infinet.com
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Mike Killoran (killoran@ll.mit.edu) wrote:
: In article <wXzvkaE96354071yn@world.std.com> moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney) writes:

: >  You should have the entrance reducer set to the smallest setting.

: A hint here is to have the opening pointing up.  That is, make it 
: a 'U' as opposed to a 'n'.  This way, if there are a pile of dead 
: bees over the winter, they're less likely to block the door.

: >   You should have an upper hole
: >   of some sort.  Some inner covers are designed so that you get the upper
: >   hole if you remove a cutout and put it on upside-down, so you don't have to
: >   drill hive bodies.

: What I did was to flip over the inner cover (so the extra space is _in_ 
: the hive), and then made a one inch cut out in the edge of the cover.
: This acts as an upper hole and doesn't require drilling the hive body.
: During the season I swap upper and lower hive bodies (the upper tends
: to get used and the bottom left empty) and I didn't want to have to
: worry about where the hole was.

: Another thing that I'm going to try is to put some crinkled up newspaper
: between the inner and outer cover.  This will act as a sponge for the 
: moisture coming up through the inner cover hole (the oval one).

: 	-Mike Killoran
: --
: Mike Killoran                            Zen says:
: killoran@ll.mit.edu                  Cease to do evil,
: (617) 981-2667 (Lexington, MA USA)    Try to do good.

Many beekeepers, myself included, believe that adequate ventilation is 
most important in carrying bees through the winter.  This is because 
water is produced as the bees metabolize honey; the hive's heat causes 
the moisture to rise; the moisture condenses and is likely to freeze on 
the inner cover and the lid;  on warm, sunny days, the frozen water melts 
and rains into the hive.  That is not good.

My own practice is to provide at least one 1-inch diameter hole in the 
top most super.  Much more importantly, I use spacers to provide a 
3/8-inch gap between the front of inner cover and the top of the 
uppermost super. Way back yonder in time, I used bits of twigs to prop up 
the front of the inner cover.  Later, I used shim stock that was 3/8-inch 
thick at the front and tapered to nothing at the back.  I now build that 
taper into the inner covers when I make them.  

Be sure to put the lid over the inner cover in a manner that does not 
block the ventilating gap.

In our habitat--40 degrees north latitude, USDA hardiness zone 5B--I have 
never had a colony perish from the cold.  
 
Good luck
--
*************************     
*     Joseph Cooper     *      
*  jcooper@infinet.com  *
*************************


From edeck@gatecom.com Sat Dec 17 21:59:22 EST 1994
Article: 1060 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!news.cic.net!gatecoms.gatecom.com!usenet
From: EVA DECK <edeck@gatecom.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Unusual uses for beeswax?
Date: Thu, 15 Dec 1994 19:45:35 -0500 (EST)
Organization: Gateway Communications Inc.
Lines: 14
Message-ID: <Pine.SV4.3.90.941215193448.10253B-100000@gatecoms.gatecom.com>
References: <3c2fkt$36k@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <3c3fgt$1eaj@bigblue.oit.unc.edu> <3ckcjv$lpe@whale.st.usm.edu> <3ckjgg$67j@crocus.csv.warwick.ac.uk>
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In-Reply-To: <3ckjgg$67j@crocus.csv.warwick.ac.uk> 

We use beeswax to coat the insides of breadpans when baking bread: warm 
the pan enough to melt the wax and rub a chunk of wax over it.  We 
usually have enough to do these things with the spent stubs of home-made 
candles.  
Also on cookie sheets (just rub a spent candle stub over the cold cookie 
sheet).
Also, a generous coating in the bottom of the omelet pan results in a 
beautifully-colored and delicious omelet.
We just hope the ingestion of beeswax isn't hamrful.  Our info is that it 
is edible in small quantities.  So far so good.
========================================================================
Charles and Eva Deck        2805 Trenton Drive         Trenton, MI 48183
========================================================================



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sat Dec 17 21:59:23 EST 1994
Article: 1061 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!eff!usenet.ins.cwru.edu!agate!iat.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Are these varroa mites?
Date: Sun, 11 Dec 1994 16:23:00 GMT
Message-ID: <941211102050613@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 27        


<Todd says:>>

Bad news:

I went out yesterday to take a look at the hives and found out of six, five wer
dead.  Upon inspection I found the cause:  mites.  These were small, roundish,
red creatures, all dead.  Some were still attached to the bees in the segments
<end quotes>

Sorry to hear of your loss, did you treat your hives and they died,
or did they just die without treatment?
ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
³          BEE-C-IN-U Andy-           ³
³               \     /               ³
³           \    O ^ O    /           ³
³             \ ( < > ) /             ³
³  _____________((   ))____________   ³
³ (     /   /  (%%”%%%%)  \   \     ) ³
³ (___/___/__/ (%%%%%”%) \__\___\___) ³
³    (     /  /(=======)\  \     )    ³
³     (__/___/ ((%%%%%)) \___\__)     ³
³             / (”====) \             ³
³      ”    /   (=====)   \           ³
³ varroa mites   (%%%)     The Deadly ³
³                  |      Hitchhikers ³
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ--Ù


From mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk Sat Dec 17 21:59:24 EST 1994
Article: 1062 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!hookup!olivea!uunet!zib-berlin.de!math.fu-berlin.de!mreddy.comp.glam.ac.uk!user
From: mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk (Mike Reddy)
Subject: Re: Query about Skeps (REMAIL PLEASE!)
Message-ID: <mreddy-161294132025@mreddy.comp.glam.ac.uk>
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Sender: news@math.fu-berlin.de (Math Department)
Nntp-Posting-Host: mreddy.comp.glam.ac.uk
Organization: Computer Studies, Glamorgan University
References: <mreddy-141294122520@mreddy.comp.glam.ac.uk>
Date: Fri, 16 Dec 1994 13:20:24 GMT
Lines: 13

Sorry to bother you again. I managed to see about three or four headers for
messages in response to my queries about skeps, etc, before the mail server
died and lost them all. Can people who took time to reply by email, please
do me the favour of resending your letters. Thanks again.

Yours Mike Reddy
--
P.S. I would have had a witty signature, but the Government put VAT on it!

Email: mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk OR mreddy@glamorgan.ac.uk
Snail Mail: Mike Reddy, J228, Dept. of Computer Studies, University of
Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Mid Glamorgan. CF37 1DL Wales, UK
Tel: +44 (0)443 482 240 Fax: +44 (0)443 482 715


From nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk Sat Dec 17 21:59:25 EST 1994
Article: 1063 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!lyra.csx.cam.ac.uk!warwick!uknet!strath-cs!st-and!nrp
From: nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: UK Query about Skeps, Bramble and Bees
Date: 16 Dec 1994 13:05:08 GMT
Organization: University Of St. Andrews
Lines: 40
Message-ID: <3cs3a4$ibl@calvin.st-and.ac.uk>
References: <mreddy-141294122520@mreddy.comp.glam.ac.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: honey.st-andrews.ac.uk

In article <mreddy-141294122520@mreddy.comp.glam.ac.uk>,
Mike Reddy <mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk> wrote:
...

>Skep-making: Does anyone around South Wales have any Thatcher's Straw
>(longer stalks than in normal straw bales) and wild bramble that they would
>not mind loosing (Just think, someone else to help in the garden tidy-up
>this Winter!)?

You should be able to buy a skep from you local beekeeper supplies.  Many
keepers use them for catching swarms.  (I just use a cardboard box.)  No
need to make one - but good luck if you do!

...

>Starting up a skep-based Hive: Naturally I can split off a new queen and
>place her into the skep (an artificial swarm). However, I'd like to be able
>to show a "waxed up" skep to the visitors (which would require forst
>populating the skep, then relocating the bees to another one) without
>having to kill the occupants (which was the old method before our modern
>hives). They used to use Sulphur fires to poison the insects (and the
>honey?), but I don't want to do that to the bees I am going to use,
>naturally!

I don't think it will be that easy to persuade the bees to leave their
nest.  Remember, it is full of honey, wax and brood, so it is a huge
investment for them to give up.  Even if you do manage to drive the bees
out, the abandonned skep will (a) contain brood that will die and rot, and
(b) be very attractive to any passing bee looking for somewhere to rob or
swarm.

How about keeping skep active, but placing it on top of a glass plate, and
fitting a mirror underneath so people can look in?  Or instead of a mirror,
raise it up above head height?  (This would also keep the bees' flight path
out of the way.)  You'd have to arrange for moving the skep to its new site,
and that would require care; but it would be a lot more interesting than an
ordinary observation hive.  I've never seen such a thing, myself.  (Now
you've got me thinking about our next open day...)

-Norman


From lbjostad@lamar.colostate.edu Mon Dec 19 00:26:49 EST 1994
Article: 1064 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!att-out!pacbell.com!ames!hookup!newshost.marcam.com!news.kei.com!ub!csn!yuma!usenet
From: Lou Bjostad <lbjostad@lamar.colostate.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: HELP!  HELP!
Date: 17 Dec 1994 20:56:13 GMT
Organization: Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO  80523
Lines: 15
Message-ID: <3cvj9d$5t3@yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU>
References: <3ctq8b$ni1@nnrp.ucs.ubc.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bjostad1.agsci.colostate.edu

paullam@unixg.ubc.ca (Paul Lam) wrote:
> 
> I am currently writing a research paper about communication and foraging 
> behavior of the honeybee...I have read a lot of 
> articles, and found that a lot of the results contradict each other.

Not surprising!  There has been a long-standing disagreement on this issue.
Take a look at the following (but use caution-- Wenner is on the "odor" 
side of the disagreement, and von Frisch on the "dance" side):

AUTHOR(s):       Wenner, Adrian M.
TITLE(s):        Anatomy of a controversy :  the question of a "language"
                   among bees /  Adrian M. Wenner, Patrick H. Wells.
                 New York :  Columbia University Press,  1990.



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Mon Dec 19 00:26:50 EST 1994
Article: 1065 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!caen!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!iat.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: antidumping duties on China lighters
Date: Wed, 14 Dec 1994 03:12:00 GMT
Message-ID: <941213205207621@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 50        


*Far from the topic of Beekeeping, but since the US Honey Industry has
won favorable ruling from the US ITCH on honey imported from China here
is some news from a Company that has gone all the way and won tariff
implementations.   Andy-

Expires: Tue, 20 Dec 94 7:50:34 PST
ACategory: financial
Slugword: LIGHTERS


         MILFORD, Conn. (Reuter) - BIC Corp., the nation's only maker
of disposable lighters, said Tuesday the government will impose
antidumping duties on rival imports from China in response to a
petition by the company.
         In a preliminary ruling, the Department of Commerce imposed
duties of 197 percent on about half of the China-made lighters
sold in the United States, BIC said. Four companies that account
for the remainder of the Chinese imports will be charged duties
up to 63 percent.
         Importers of lighters from China will be forced to post
bonds or make cash deposits with the U.S. Customs Service to
cover the payment of additional duties, it said.
         BIC said it also asked the Department of Commerce to impose
the duties on a retroactive basis to Sept. 9. A decision is
expected by the end of the month, it said.
         The agency's latest ruling follows a similar action in
October on lighter imports from Thailand. In that ruling, the
Department imposed a 14.7 percent antidumping duty on top of the
current 10-percent duty.
         Importers of lighters from Thailand are now posting bonds or
making cash deposits with U.S. Customs to cover the payment of
the additional duties. A final ruling in the Thai case is
expected on March 8, 1995.
         ``As the only remaining U.S. manufacturer of disposable
lighters, BIC filed its petition to protect our competitive
position so that we can continue to provide consumers with 'Made
In The U.S.A.' quality and value,'' said president Raymond
Winter.
         ``There are serious questions as to whether the imported
lighters from China and Thailand meet the standards set by the
American Society for Testing and Materials Safety Specification
for Lighters,'' he said.
         ``Preliminary research by BIC has found, for example, that
many of the low-priced, imported lighters do not carry warning
labels, as required by the ASTM standard.''
         BIC, based in Milford, Conn., also makes ball point pens,
disposable razors and highlight markers.
         BIC's stock was off 12.5 cents at $25.875 early on the New
York Stock Exchange.


From pollinator@aol.com Mon Dec 19 00:26:51 EST 1994
Article: 1066 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swiss.ans.net!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Compiling List of Eastern Pollination Beekeepers
Date: 18 Dec 1994 14:05:23 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 36
Sender: news@newsbf01.news.aol.com
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NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf01.news.aol.com

  Fruit and vegetable growers are becoming aware of the loss of
pollinators and are seeking connections to beekeepers who provide
pollination service. West coast delivery systems are well established,
with a number of brokers, newsletters, strength inspections, etc.  On the
east coast pollination is less understood and less organized; and some
areas are short of pollination.

  We are compiling a list of beekeepers who do contract pollination, or
who wish to do so, in eastern North America.  This list we hope to publish
in the March issue of  Eastern Pollinator Newsletter. It will also be
available by e-mail upon request in early March.  

Notice:
   Eastern beekeepers who provide, or would like to provide, pollination
service are entitled to a free listing in the March issue of Eastern
Pollinator Newsletter. Needed are name, address, telephone, number of
hives made available, crops you wish to pollinate, and areas where you can
work. If you are migratory,  indicate other areas and crops you can work,
as well.

  We are providing the list to growers, but will not make any
endorsements.  It is not required to suscribe to be listed, though there
will be helpful information for beekeepers as well as growers.

   Eastern Pollinator Newsletter is a practical effort to help growers
with pollination management, to help protect our pollinators, and to make
connections between growers, pollination beekeepers, researchers,
extension personnel, and others involved in our fruit and vegetable
production systems. It will be published four times the first year (1995),
and if needed, oftener in future years. Subscriptions are $12/yr. It would
be helpful, if subscribers can indicate something of their own area of
work (or interest) in pollination.

Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC 29554
Dave Green, Editor
E-Mail:    Pollinator@aol.com


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Mon Dec 19 11:41:36 EST 1994
Article: 1067 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk (Gordon Scott)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!demon!betanews.demon.co.uk!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
Subject: Re: UK Query about Skeps, Bramble and Bees
References: <mreddy-141294122520@mreddy.comp.glam.ac.uk> <3cs3a4$ibl@calvin.st-and.ac.uk>
Reply-To: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk
X-Newsreader: Demon Internet Simple News v1.29
Lines: 30
X-Posting-Host: apis.demon.co.uk
Date: Sun, 18 Dec 1994 21:48:59 +0000
Message-ID: <787787339snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

> In article <mreddy-141294122520@mreddy.comp.glam.ac.uk>,
> Mike Reddy <mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk> wrote:
> 
> >Starting up a skep-based Hive: Naturally I can split off a new queen and
> >place her into the skep (an artificial swarm). However, I'd like to be able
> >to show a "waxed up" skep to the visitors (which would require forst
> >populating the skep, then relocating the bees to another one) without
> >having to kill the occupants (which was the old method before our modern
> >hives).

Norman is right about rotting bees/brood if you manage to do  this,  and
rotting  bees  smell  _horrible_.  You could use the mirror technique he
suggests, which is a great idea -- I think if I did  that,  I  would  be
tempted  to to use artificial swarm principles to control the inevitable
behaviour, i.e., I would deliberately move  away  the  main  colony  and
replace  it  with  a new one raised from scratch to minimise the risk of
them swarming.  (Mind you, catching swarms is interesting for the public
too!)

The alternative that I would consider is to have photographs of the skep
and  keep  the bees in an observation hive where both you and the public
can see them easily.

Regards,
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK
Time flies like an arrow.  Fruit flies like a banana.


From m.quimby@lilly.com Mon Dec 19 11:41:37 EST 1994
Article: 1068 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!usenet.ins.cwru.edu!lerc.nasa.gov!purdue!mozo.cc.purdue.edu!inet.d48.lilly.com!general.d46.lilly.com!m.quimby
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: How quiet is quiet?
Message-ID: <1994Dec19.074704.3613@inet.d48.lilly.com>
From: Mike Quimby <m.quimby@lilly.com>
Date: 19 Dec 94 07:47:04 EST
Distribution: world
Organization: Eli Lilly and Co
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X-XXDate: Mon, 19 Dec 94 07:48:28 GMT
Lines: 21


Greetings!  I am at the very beginning of my beekeeping experience
and I am helping a friend of mine with his single hive.  My question
is this.......What is the noise level of a hive when the bees are
clustered, especially when they are a few supers down and the 
temperatures are about mid 30's and fairly sunny??

I went over this weekend to his house and we went to see the 
bees expecting at least a few to be at the entrance, but there
was no activity. I put my ear to the side of the brood nest area
and could hear nothing so I removed the cover. No bees at the very
top, but I could hear faint buzzing from far below.....faint.

It also seems to me that the honey filled supers between my ear and
the cluster are probably very sound absorbent as well.  Any comments
would be greatly appreciated. Thanks.

Mike Quimby
m.quimby@lilly.com

PS   I am in east-central Indiana......


From mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk Mon Dec 19 11:41:38 EST 1994
Article: 1069 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk (Mike Reddy)
Subject: Re: UK Query about Skeps, Bramble and Bees
Message-ID: <mreddy-191294155047@mreddy.comp.glam.ac.uk>
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Date: Mon, 19 Dec 1994 15:50:47 GMT
Lines: 38

In article <787787339snz@apis.demon.co.uk>, Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk (Gordon
Scott) wrote:

> Norman is right about rotting bees/brood if you manage to do  this,  and
> rotting  bees  smell  _horrible_.  You could use the mirror technique he
> suggests, which is a great idea -- I think if I did  that,  I  would  be
> tempted  to to use artificial swarm principles to control the inevitable
> behaviour, i.e., I would deliberately move  away  the  main  colony  and
> replace  it  with  a new one raised from scratch to minimise the risk of
> them swarming.

I'll have a think about the mirror, but I am not sure if we want loads of
school kids that close to a skep. This is a historical re-enactment and the
bees, equipment and beekeeper must be as authentic as possible.

> The alternative that I would consider is to have photographs of the skep
> and  keep  the bees in an observation hive where both you and the public
> can see them easily.

Photographs are not feasible in the historical setting - when Kentwell does
what it is famous for (complete immersion) none of the participants display
any twentieth century knowledge, language or appearance! We are trying to
cast a spell, and modern visual aids would not be allowed. In fact, some
rotting brood - much as the idea disgusts me - would probably be in keeping
with the traditional farming methods were sulpher fires were used to kill
the bees!

I'm still looking for sources of bramble and thatcher's straw though, as I
would like to make my own authentic skep.

Yours Mike Reddy
--
P.S. I would have had a witty signature, but the Government put VAT on it!

Email: mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk OR mreddy@glamorgan.ac.uk
Snail Mail: Mike Reddy, J228, Dept. of Computer Studies, University of
Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Mid Glamorgan. CF37 1DL Wales, UK
Tel: +44 (0)443 482 240 Fax: +44 (0)443 482 715


From Paul.Ferroni@ab.com Mon Dec 19 21:13:24 EST 1994
Article: 1070 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: cpferron@cle.ab.com (C. Paul Ferroni)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How quiet is quiet?
Date: 19 Dec 1994 17:14:07 GMT
Organization: Allen Bradley
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Distribution: world
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NNTP-Posting-Host: dabney.cle.ab.com

In article <1994Dec19.074704.3613@inet.d48.lilly.com>, Mike Quimby <m.quimby@lilly.com> writes:
> 
> Greetings!  I am at the very beginning of my beekeeping experience
> and I am helping a friend of mine with his single hive.  My question
> is this.......What is the noise level of a hive when the bees are
> clustered, especially when they are a few supers down and the 
> temperatures are about mid 30's and fairly sunny??
> 

  I generally  put my ear on the side of the hive, then tap sharply on the
back of the hive once or twice to "stir them up" a bit.  Generally, you
can hear a definite buzz at this point.  Works for me...

  Of course, if it's a clear, sunny day, don't be suprised if a few bees
poke their heads out the entrance to "answer the door".  :) 

-cpf



From mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk Mon Dec 19 21:13:25 EST 1994
Article: 1071 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk (Mike Reddy)
Subject: UK Query about Skeps, Bramble and Bees
Message-ID: <mreddy-141294122520@mreddy.comp.glam.ac.uk>
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Sender: news@math.fu-berlin.de (Math Department)
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Date: Wed, 14 Dec 1994 12:25:20 GMT
Lines: 41

Apologies to non-UK people, as I think that UK residents are more likely to
help (I've posted world wide as there may be people interested however!).

I need info on the following thing because I am taking the role as a Tudor
bee keeper (circa 1545 South East England) for a medieaval re-enactment:

Skep-making: Does anyone around South Wales have any Thatcher's Straw
(longer stalks than in normal straw bales) and wild bramble that they would
not mind loosing (Just think, someone else to help in the garden tidy-up
this Winter!)?

Tudor bee-keeping texts: There is one in the British Library - Charles
Butler's "The Female Monarchy" or "The Government of Bees" (circa 1600s) -
which may have been reprinted by a company called 'Bee books old and new'.
Does anyone know of this book?

Starting up a skep-based Hive: Naturally I can split off a new queen and
place her into the skep (an artificial swarm). However, I'd like to be able
to show a "waxed up" skep to the visitors (which would require forst
populating the skep, then relocating the bees to another one) without
having to kill the occupants (which was the old method before our modern
hives). They used to use Sulphur fires to poison the insects (and the
honey?), but I don't want to do that to the bees I am going to use,
naturally!

As an additional (general) question, does anyone in the South West have any
second hand hives for sale, as I am starting up a hive next spring in
Cardiff?
I'm on a limited budget - aren't we all - so I wanted to pick up a good
deal. I've tried to get in touch with the Cardiff Bee-keepers Association,
but the Secretary never replied after an initial acknowledgement that she
would "send me something soon."

Yours Mike Reddy
--
P.S. I would have had a witty signature, but the Government put VAT on it!

Email: mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk OR mreddy@glamorgan.ac.uk
Snail Mail: Mike Reddy, J228, Dept. of Computer Studies, University of
Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Mid Glamorgan. CF37 1DL Wales, UK
Tel: +44 (0)443 482 240 Fax: +44 (0)443 482 715


From browman@haskins.yale.edu Mon Dec 19 21:13:26 EST 1994
Article: 1072 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: browman@haskins.yale.edu (Catherine Browman)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Emotional Little Gals
Date: 19 Dec 1994 23:17:47 GMT
Organization: Haskins Laboratories (New Haven, CT)
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Message-ID: <browman-1912941819220001@mis-kstar-node.net.yale.edu>
References: <ENIGMA.94Dec11083522@netcom3.netcom.com> <3cqc3i$nbl@news.acns.nwu.edu> <geoffmD11qH6.Jo6@netcom.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: 130.132.56.53

In article <geoffmD11qH6.Jo6@netcom.com>, geoffm@netcom.com (Geoff Miller)
wrote:

> Notice how this woman failed to grasp that my comment referred
> to _older_ women rather than women in general, and that the 
> emphasis was not on sex but on age. 

Bet you get lots of attention for your remarks, which I assume is what you
wanted. Still, quite incredible that such hogwash would even occur to you!


From JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu Tue Dec 20 10:54:19 EST 1994
Article: 1073 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!psuvax1!news.pop.psu.edu!news.cac.psu.edu!psuvm!jvf101
Organization: Penn State University
Date: Fri, 16 Dec 1994 17:20:16 EST
From: Jennifer Finley <JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu>
Message-ID: <94350.172016JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: UK Query about Skeps, Bramble and Bees
References: <mreddy-141294122520@mreddy.comp.glam.ac.uk>
Lines: 31

I struck me that a comparatively easy way to remove the bees from a skep
while leaving the comb intact would be to use any of the fumigants which
drive the bees out of the supers during honey harvest -- BeeGo (butyric
anhydride), oil of almond (benzaldehyde), etc. Toss a soaked cloth or
fume board under the skep on a warm day and watch the bees run out the
entrance.  Although they smell nasty, the chemicals do not poison the
honey.

However, as Norman pointed out in a previous posting, you are still left
with the problem of dying and decaying brood once you remove the bees...

A skepmaker from here in Pennsylvania accomodates large colonies in his
skeps by "bottom supering" with standard equipment.  For example, as the
bees build up in the spring, he adds a deep hive body to the bottom of
the skep.  The queen usually moves the broodrearing down into the deep
and the skep becomes honey storage.  In the winter, the bees move upward
onto the honey and by spring end up in the skep again, and so on.  My
point is that you could possibly circumvent the decaying brood problem
by placing the skep on top of a very strong (but compact) colony during
a good honey flow and having the bees fill it with honey comb.  If the
flow was good enough, and the bees were desperate enough for honey
space...  They would probably build comb from the "floor" upward (I've
seen this in empty hive boxes ie feeder pail covers).  But with bees
it's hard to tell, once in a great while, they actually do what you want
them to do, but only because THEY want to...

Best of luck!!!

Jennifer Finley

Graduate Student, Entomology, Penn State University


From IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU Tue Dec 20 22:10:57 EST 1994
Article: 1074 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!ukma!jobone!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!library.ucla.edu!news.mic.ucla.edu!MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU!IBAYPGX
From: IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU (Paulette)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Perhaps a naive question
Date: Mon, 19 Dec 1994 22:56
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This may be really naive and I should probably look it up first, but
what happens if bees frequent poisonous flowers like oleander? Would
the honey be poisonous as well?  I've seen bees in a number of
flowers I know to be poisonous in one way or another to humans,
and often wonder if any of it makes its way into their honey.
Thanks, Paulette


From jwargo@clark.net Wed Dec 21 10:45:37 EST 1994
Article: 1075 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jwargo@clark.net (Joe Wargo)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Emotional Little Gals
Date: 20 Dec 1994 03:18:05 GMT
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In article <geoffmD11qH6.Jo6@netcom.com>, geoffm@netcom.com (Geoff Miller)
wrote:
€ In article <3cqc3i$nbl@news.acns.nwu.edu> jmorrow@notis.com writes€  
€ > What's this???  A man who can actually read and write???  
€ Notice how this woman failed to grasp that my comment referred
€ to _older_ women rather than women in general, and that the 
€ emphasis was not on sex but on age.  She immediately went off 
€ the deep end at what she perceived as a slam against all women,
€ and riposted with what she felt was an equivalent jab at the 
€ male sex.
€  Alas, jmorrow, your remark was not equivalent at all.  You women
€ will never be taken seriously until you work to overcome your
€ well-deserved reputation for hypersensitivity and irrationality.
€ That glass ceiling exists for a reason.  The day your ilk will
€ be trusted with, say, the chairmanship of General Motors or
€ the control of America's nuclear arsenal is the day you're no
€ longer considered likely to take offense at nothing and to dissolve 
€ in a quivering puddle of emotion and hormones under pressure.
€ > Or is your wife/girfriend doing that for you too!!!
€  Naah, she's too busy on her hands and knees under my desk as
€ I type this.  I'd ask for her opinion, but I'm afraid her
€ mouth is rather full at the moment. 
€Geoff --
-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-
€ Geoff Miller                    + + + + + + + +                Mountain View 
€ geoffm@netcom.com               +  DoD #0996  +                 California
€ -+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-


I wish I could have seen the original thread to this.
Oh my, Mr. Geoff. Do one pronounce that ²Jeff,² or does one have to clear
his or her throat as he or she is spittling your name?
**I** am a male, and I am constantly amazed that men can read and write.
You refer to **older** women, not women in general, **older** women, not
sex. What, please tell me, is wrong with older women?
Please reread your post. It suggests you are an asshole. If this is what
you are, fine. Go bother someone else.


From pollinator@aol.com Wed Dec 21 10:45:38 EST 1994
Article: 1076 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!newstf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How quiet is quiet?
Date: 19 Dec 1994 22:39:50 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 40
Sender: root@newsbf02.news-fddi.aol.com
Message-ID: <3d5jm6$7p9@newsbf02.news-fddi.aol.com>
References: <3d4f0v$6rf@news1.cle.ab.com>
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)

In article <1994Dec19.074704.3613@inet.d48.lilly.com>, Mike Quimby
<m.quimby@lilly.com> writes:
> 
> Greetings!  I am at the very beginning of my beekeeping experience
> and I am helping a friend of mine with his single hive.  My question
> is this.......What is the noise level of a hive when the bees are
> clustered, especially when they are a few supers down and the 
> temperatures are about mid 30's and fairly sunny??

    It's perfectly normal for clustered bees to make a very faint hum,
especially on such a cold day. The bees on the outside of the cluster are
very near the air temperature (inside the hive), so they aren't moving
much. The inner bees, of course are well insulated by the cluster, and
they generate heat from burning sugars in honey, so they could be more
active. However they will also have some sound dampening from the cluster
around them. (The outer bees and the inner bees do exchange places
somewhat.)
   In your area, it is too late to do anything, if the cluster is too
small, as it could be from varroa or a failing queen. The cluster needs to
be about the size of a soccer ball, or they won't be able to hold heat
well, but that should have been checked earlier.
  The thing that concerned me, however, is that you have left honey supers
on during winter.
1. Are the supers full or empty? Full supers will feed the bees and act as
a heat reservoir for them, so that is ok, but empty ones are simply more
space for them to heat, and could even cause winter loss of the hive, by
making them burn up their fuel. Any empty boxes should be removed
immediately (or placed beneath the cluster).
2. Is there an excluder between the brood nest and the supers? Leaving an
excluder in place is a frequent cause of winter loss, because the bees
gradually move up as they consume honey, and, unless you have a very
skinny queen, she is left below to freeze. If you have an excluder, you
need to remove it immediately. I have found that, if the cluster is good
sized, you can leave one (and only one) shallow super over an excluder for
winter. The cluster won't entirely move through the excluder, because it
is too large to fit into a shallow.
   Wish you the best in your first wintering.
Dave Green,  Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC 
29554
E-Mail:  Pollinator@aol.com


From h.e.solberg@labmed.uio.no Wed Dec 21 10:45:39 EST 1994
Article: 1077 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!sunic!trane.uninett.no!nntp.uio.no!usenet
From: h.e.solberg@labmed.uio.no (Helge Erik Solberg)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Medical use of honey
Date: 20 Dec 1994 12:31:45 GMT
Organization: Universitet i Oslo
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NNTP-Posting-Host: rhpc06.uio.no
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.92.2

A friend wants info on the medical use of honey. Where can he find it?


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Wed Dec 21 19:13:05 EST 1994
Article: 1078 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swiss.ans.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Honey and Ulcers
Date: 20 Dec 1994 13:49:17 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

From: Jim_Foulds <jfoulds@SPARC.UCCB.NS.CA>
Subject:      Honey and Ulcers?

Can anyone help me get up to speed on the reports I've heard about that
honey acts as a Hydrogen blocker for the treatment of gastric ulcers?
 
Please reply to: jfoulds@sparc.uccb.ns.ca
 
Thanks.
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Wed Dec 21 19:13:06 EST 1994
Article: 1079 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Cordovan Queens
Message-ID: <D143wD.J4M@nntpa.cb.att.com>
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Does anyone know where I can purchase CORDOVAN Yellow Queens?

Dfv


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Dec 23 13:58:57 EST 1994
Article: 1080 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Recommendations for a beginner?
Date: 20 Dec 1994 18:45:41 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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References: <mccullyj.7.787946626@nih.gov>
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NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Keywords: hobbyist

In article <mccullyj.7.787946626@nih.gov>,
Joanie McCully <mccullyj@nih.gov> wrote:

>I would like a 
>suggestion as to which books to purchase and where in the Baltimore/DC/
>Maryland area to find equipment? Also, I'm in suburbia Silver Spring. 

 _The Beekeeper's Handbook_ Samataro and Avitable.
Out of print, although a new edition is due out in 1995. Your Library
should have it.
 Call your State Apiarst, Bart Smith, for recommendations on who to meet
with in your area for bee purchases and equipment.
Make sure any bees you buy are inspected. Otherwise, caveat emptor!
Bart or his crew will handle any inspection for you.
Please do not hesitate to ask questions!
Adam
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From pollinator@aol.com Fri Dec 23 13:58:58 EST 1994
Article: 1081 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!newstf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Medical use of honey
Date: 21 Dec 1994 09:13:02 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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References: <3d6irh$6cl@hermod.uio.no>
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)

Connie Krochmal has gone through a lot of the recent research, especially
in Europe, and has published a couple articles in the American Bee
Journal. You might check out the last year or so.
Pollinator@aol.com.  Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, PO Box 1215,
Hemingway, SC.   Dave Green


From tony@nexus.yorku.ca Fri Dec 23 13:58:59 EST 1994
Article: 1082 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: tony@nexus.yorku.ca (Anthony Wallis)
Subject: Re: Honey and Ulcers
Message-ID: <D19DMp.79B@newshub.ccs.yorku.ca>
Sender: news@newshub.ccs.yorku.ca (USENET News System)
Organization: York University
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Date: Fri, 23 Dec 1994 10:11:13 GMT
Lines: 8

> .. honey acts as a Hydrogen blocker for the treatment of gastric ulcers?
                     ^^^^^^^^
For the record, that "hydrogen" is probably a misreading of
"H1"/"H2", as in "H2 receptors".  The "H" stands for histamine.

--
tony@nexus.yorku.ca = Tony Wallis, York University, North York, Canada.



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Dec 23 13:58:59 EST 1994
Article: 1083 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Silly holiday post from sci.bio
Date: 22 Dec 1994 19:29:24 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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 For your enjoyment:

From: leebert@io.com (leebert)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Bugs the night before Xmas....
Date: 22 Dec 1994 04:11:55 GMT
Message-ID: <3dauab$4q6@illuminati.io.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: pentagon.io.com

Bugs the Night Before Christmas.....
by Lee Rodgers (leebert@io.com)

'Twas the night before Christmas
and not a moment too soon
not a creature was stirring
nor were any pots or spoons

The children were wrapped
like mummies under their blankets
While the cats dreamed the same dream
of rodentia banquets

I, as usual,
was still wide awake
As spaghetti-code danced in my brain
My head started to ache

But suddenly I stopped staring
a hole through the ceiling
in response to a premonition
a very strange feeling

Looking out the window
I couldn't believe my eyes
I could see the famous little elf
And his team in flight

They swooped down near the eves
And wisked down the chimney
sounding like the buzzing of bee
stinging crickets, by jiminey

So, I dashed down the hallway
and peaked 'round the corner
only to see such a sight
that'd change my world view forever

Not reindeer, but roaches
pulled the elf's sleigh
They landed on the ceiling
He screamed "OBEY!"

They giggled and hummed
and resumed their wings flutter
And looped-de-looped to a landing
With hardly a stutter

He looked round and jumped out
and then went to the tree
he started to shout
"Cripes? you think this service is free?"

He pointed at me,
and gave me a hairy eye
"You're supposed to leave some presents
 for me to take to the next guy!"

"Mea culpa!" I shouted
"Good grief, where did I hide them?"
I first ran to a hall closet
and dug through all of our linen

"Oh, that's right" I then said to myself
I stumbled down the stairs cursing as I went
"I deliberately put them on a basement shelf"
my head banged on a pipe leaving a large dent

I grabbed all the packages, every last one
And flew up the stairs, afraid he'd be gone
I burst into the room where he was had been before
Only to hear him in the kitchen starting to snore.

There he lay amongst cookie crumbs
on which his sled team was feasting
At which point my head was pounding
and my blood pressure increasing.

"Wake up! I yelled
and then I shook him
I didn't want history to tell
that Christmas was victim to my cooking

"Boy those cookies sure were yummy,
He mumbled while scratching his tummy
"and you don't need to worry.
My clones are spanning the globe
so I don't need to hurry!"

"Beneathe the tree are your presents,
and you can throw those in the sleigh,
trust me there is no need for concern
about this minor delay."

He jumped in the sleigh
and started to laugh
His team's brown wings started to hum
creating quite a weird draft

He released a wild shout and they revved their wings,
"On Blatus! On Flitter! On Wiggler! On Nixon!
On Splatus! On Buzzer! On Flatus! On Dioxin!
Buzz away buzz away buzz away all!"

They lept from the carpet
And hovered over the tree
They dive-bombed my head
and in an instant
the house was bug-free

Now I was only well-meaning
But I have one regret to convey
that in a pre-Yultide frenzy of cleaning
I had used lots of bug spray.

The End


-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From davem@churchillColumbiaSC.NCR.COM Sat Dec 24 10:45:30 EST 1994
Article: 1084 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!ncrgw2.ncr.com!ncrhub2!ncrcae!churchill!davem
From: davem@churchillColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (Dave.MacFawn)
Subject: Re: How quiet is quiet?
Message-ID: <D187wB.1H1@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
Sender: davem@churchill (Dave.MacFawn)
Organization: Your Organization Here
References: <3d4f0v$6rf@news1.cle.ab.com> <3d5jm6$7p9@newsbf02.news-fddi.aol.com>
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 1994 19:09:46 GMT
Lines: 0



From speminal@first.cac.washington.edu Tue Dec 27 22:56:25 EST 1994
Article: 1085 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!spool.mu.edu!news.clark.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!news.u.washington.edu!first.cac.washington.edu!speminal
From: speminal@first.cac.washington.edu (Rugose  Nutlets)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Unusual uses for beeswax?
Date: 24 Dec 1994 09:04:44 GMT
Organization: University of Washington
Lines: 15
Message-ID: <3dgo7c$e2v@news.u.washington.edu>
References: <3c2fkt$36k@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <3cdpk6$fro@pith.uoregon.edu> <poy1fzQ.meltingpot@delphi.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: first.cac.washington.edu

This is definitely unusual--saw an article in the Weekly World News
(for non-North Americans this is a hilariously awful newsrag sold at
supermarket check-out stands--'I had Elvis' Alien Love Child' sort of
thing).
It describes a guy in the 1930s so obsessed with his dead lover he
preserved her in his living room...as part of this process he filled
in her face with beeswax, gack!  
Well, you asked for unusual...

J. "terrified of bees yet enjoying this newsgroup" T.
-- 

speminal@u.washington.edu
Happy Hogmany, and to all a good night!



From avellani@unixg.ubc.ca Tue Dec 27 22:56:25 EST 1994
Article: 1086 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!news.bc.net!juno.xana.bc.ca!unixg.ubc.ca!avellani
From: avellani@unixg.ubc.ca (Vellani)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee Venom?
Date: 24 Dec 1994 23:09:05 GMT
Organization: University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
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How can one get bee venom in injection vials? - suppliers?


From meltingpot@delphi.com Tue Dec 27 22:56:26 EST 1994
Article: 1087 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!koriel!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news2.near.net!news.delphi.com!usenet
From: MELTINGPOT <meltingpot@delphi.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: want bees wax
Date: Fri, 23 DEC 94 19:26:55 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
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NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1e.delphi.com

I am in the market for bees wax...say 10 or 20 pounds...
Pleace contact me by e-mail     jbeckley@capaccess.org
Thank you....


From meltingpot@delphi.com Tue Dec 27 22:56:27 EST 1994
Article: 1088 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!dziuxsolim.rutgers.edu!uunet!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!news2.near.net!news.delphi.com!usenet
From: MELTINGPOT <meltingpot@delphi.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Unusual uses for beeswax?
Date: Fri, 23 DEC 94 19:30:40 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
Lines: 4
Message-ID: <poy1fzQ.meltingpot@delphi.com>
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I use bees wax to make sculpture ..which is then cast into bronze.This
is not unusual...because this has been going on for 6000 years.....
THE LOST WAX PROCESS...was first use some 6000 years ago....
 THE MELTING POT(TM)


From johng@garnet.msen.com Tue Dec 27 22:56:28 EST 1994
Article: 1089 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!heifetz.msen.com!johng
From: johng@garnet.msen.com (John Green)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Books on Bees 4Sale
Date: 25 Dec 1994 16:33:49 GMT
Organization: Msen, Inc. -- Ann Arbor, MI (account info: +1 313 998-4562)
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Books on Bees 4Sale

All prices post paid in U.S.

reply email johng@mail.msen.com

Zahradnik, J.  Bees, Wasps and Ants:  A Field Guide to the World's 
Hymenoptera.  London, Hamlyn, 1991.  Hard cover with dust jacket, 191 
pages, includes bibliography, index, color illustrations.  Excellent 
Condition.  $14 


Whynott, Douglas.  Following the Bloom: Across America with the 
Migratory Beekeepers.  Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1991; First 
Edition.  Hard cover with dust jacket, 214 pages, includes glossary, 
bibliography.  Excellent condition.  $16

>From  the dust jacket:

"Following the Bloom" is a portrait of the most extraordinary stockmen 
and ranchers of our time:  the beekeepers who move their 
livestock--billions of bees--around the country in search of nectar.  

These cowboys are shrewd business people.  one beekeeper trucks thirteen 
thousand hives from Florida to South Dakota's clover fields and in five 
weeks makes a million pounds of honey.  Another drives his bees to the 
blueberry, apple and cranberry growers of the Northeast, then harvests 
two hundred pounds of honey per hive.  It's a run for honey, American 
style, and there are nearly as many routes as beekeepers.


--
   


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Wed Dec 28 23:00:50 EST 1994
Article: 1090 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!insosf1.infonet.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: _Apis_ 12/94
Date: 28 Dec 1994 02:26:45 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Keywords: apis, bee, beekeeping, honey, sanford,



FILENAME: DECAPIS.94
 
            Florida Extension Beekeeping Newsletter
    Apis--Apicultural Information and Issues (ISSN 0889-3764)
               Volume 12, Number 12, November 1994
 
      Copyright (c) 1994 M.T. Sanford "All Rights Reserved"
 
                          TAKING STOCK
 
     It's that time of year again.  Each December, I try to take
the opportunity to reflect on what has happened over the past 12
months as reported in the pages of this newsletter.  This is the
143rd consecutive issue of APIS, continuing this publication's
reputation as the longest-running newsletter of its kind currently
distributed in the United States.  In January,  APIS was recognized
as a pioneer in electronic information delivery in the booklet, 51
Reasons:  How We Use the Internet and What it Says About the
Information Superhighway.  This publication will be distributed by
the publisher, FARNET, Inc., as part of a major effort to
familiarize elected officials about the educational potential of
the National Information Infrastructure (NII).
 
     In the May APIS I relayed the information that many back
issues are archived at several internet sites around the country.
At that time, I also described other internet resources available
to apiculturists.  A fuller description of electronic information
resources, along with availability of other computer programs, was
also published by myself, and colleagues T.R. Fasulo and J.C.
Medley here at the University of Florida.  A reprint of the paper,
"Electronic Delivery of Apicultural Information," Bee Science, Vol.
3, No. 1, pp. 10-15, July 1993  is available to anyone upon
request. The latest development concerning electronic delivery of
this newsletter, accessibility via the World Wide Web, was
announced in the October issue.  The World Wide Web URL is:
 
http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu/~entweb/apis/apis.htm
 
     The African honey bee (AHB) was a hot topic in 1994.  The
January APIS described the complexities involved in trying to
manage this insect in Texas.  In summary, Bill Vanderput boiled it
down to:  "...25 percent more stings, 25 percent more work and 25%
more sweat."  The spread of the AHB was also reported in Arizona
(June), California (November), and, more ominously for
Florida, in Puerto Rico (October), proving that this insect can be
introduced by sea, as well as by migrating overland.  AHB
Information resources developed in Arizona (June) and Texas,
California and USDA (April) were also described.  Finally, the July
issue discussed the reasons that the AHB invasion seemed to have
stalled in Texas.  The same issue discussed how scientists were
attempting to make sense of the AHB migration by using DNA to track
honey bee ancestry.
 
     The February issue of APIS focused on apitherapy, describing
some of the activities of the American Apitherapy Society,
particularly its data collection efforts (Multi-Center Apitherapy
Study).  The value of apitherapy for several illnesses was
reported, as was a comment from the dean of U.S. apitherapy,
Charles Mraz:  "The only way to find out if this kind of therapy
works is to try it."
 
     Other topics during the year included introduction of a new
citrus pest in Florida, the citrus leafminer, and what that
potentially meant to beekeepers (March), the disappearance of
pollinating honey bees (January) thought to be a consequence of
widespread Varroa infestation, use of attractants to increase
pollination potential (June) and employment of non-APIS or pollen
bees (April) in some pollinating situations.
 
     The real possibility of fluvalinate contamination of hive
products in conjunction with Varroa treatment was discussed in
several issues (January, March and April) of this newsletter, along
with potential effects of general environmental pollution on a bee
colony (May).  Bee poisoning by plants in Florida was reported in
June and the current status of the U.S. beekeeping industry in
July.
 
     The August issue of APIS was devoted to honey processing,
including how to get a permit, guidelines for honey house
sanitation and the recent rapid rise of adulterating activity.  The
new nutritional labeling law as it applies to small firms was
described in October and November, as was Varroa control and
possible chemical resistance by mites due to heavy use by
beekeepers.  Discussions of vegetable-oil patty use for American
foulbrood (September) and tracheal mite control (October) rounded
out the year.
 
                        4-H Essay Contest
 
     Back in June, I wrote that the annual 4-H Essay Contest
sponsored by the American Beekeeping Federation needed entrants.
Since then, I have had only two (2) inquiries.  Florida had no
entries last year; this means there is an excellent chance of
winning by simply entering the contest. Here are the details:
 
     Cash prizes to three top winners:
          1st Place $250.00
          2nd Place $100.00
          3rd Place $ 50.00
 
     Each state winner also receives an appropriate book about
honey bees, beekeeping, or honey.
 
This year, essayists are asked to write an original story on honey
bees, one that is suitable for a teacher to read to second-grade
students.  The story can be about the honey bee family and the
members' life cycles or fancifully casting individuals in the
colony as characters.  Any style is suitable as long as it covers:
 
*The roles each of the bees--queen, drone, worker--play in the
honey bee colony.
*The life cycle of the honey bee colony as a unit.
*The ways in which honey bees benefit humans.
 
The title of the story should indicate its context.  Some
suggestions:  The Busy Little Bee; I Like Honey; A Trip to the
Apiary; My Friend, the Beekeeper; Moving Day at the Bee Hive.
 
RULES:
     1.   Contest is open to active 4-H Club members only.  4-H'ers
who have previously placed first, second, or third at the national
level are not eligible; other state winners are eligible to re-
enter.
 
     2.   Essays must be 750 to 1000 words long, written on the
designated subject only.  All factual statements must be referenced
with endnotes; failure to do so will result in disqualification of
the essay. A brief biographical sketch of the essayist, including
date of birth, complete mailing address, and telephone number, must
accompany the essay. (The word limit does not include the
references or the essayist's biographical sketch.)
 
     3.   Essays submitted must be typewritten, double-spaced, on
one side of the paper and should follow standard manuscript format.
Handwritten essays will not be judged.
 
     4.   Essays will be judged on (a) accuracy, (b) creativity,
(c) conciseness, (d) logical development of the topic, and (e)
scope of research.
 
     5.   Essayists in Florida should forward essays directly to
Essay Contest, Dr. M.T. Sanford, Bldg. 970, Box 110620,
Gainesville, FL 32611-0620.  The deadline is February 15, 1995.
 
     6.   Each state may submit only one entry.
 
     7.   Final judging and selection of the national winner will
be made by the ABF's Essay Committee, whose decision is final.
 
     8.   The National Winner will be announced by May 1, 1995.
 
     9.   All entries become the property of the American
Beekeeping Federation, Inc. and may be published or used as it sees
fit.  No essay will be returned.
 
                     Parasitic Mite Syndrome
 
     The report by James Bach on his trip to the British Isles in
the November issue of APIS provoked some feedback.  Bob Hawkes, a
beekeeper accessing the newsletter on World Wide Web, sent me these
observations:
 
     "Last Saturday I attended the Pennsylvania State Beekeepers
Association meeting.  The apiary inspection chiefs from
Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, and Virginia reported that they
no longer consider tracheal mites to be a serious problem.  But
there is serious concern about Varroa.  We have Varroa infestation
throughout much of Pennsylvania now.  And this fall many
beekeepers have seen their colonies crash--the "disappearing
disease."  Some have been wiped out, and the colonies went from
very strong to dead in a very short time.  The experts reported
finding the same [those reported by Mr. Bach] viruses (chronic
paralysis virus and Kashmir virus) in some of these dead colonies.
So they associate these viral infections not with tracheal mites,
but with Varroa mites.  Are the viruses carried by one or both?  Or
are these viruses always present and their effect associated with
stress from any source?  It's a frustrating yet fascinating time!"
 
     Now comes a report in the December 1994 American Bee Journal
(Vol. 134, No. 12, pp. 827-828) on what the authors (H. Shimanuki;
N. Calderone and D. Knox) call parasitic mite syndrome.  As the
they state:  "...two different parasitic mites in a colony is
especially devastating because Acarapis woodi  (the tracheal mite)
parasitizes the adult and the preferred host of Varroa is the
prepupae.  We theorize that the parasitic mite syndrome is in some
way connected to one or both of the parasitic mites vectoring the
acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV)..."  Dr. Shimanuki has
subsequently reported to me by electronic mail that 28% of the
adult bee samples with Varroa are also found to be infested with
the tracheal mite.  The authors provide a list of symptoms that can
occur at any time of year and which may not all be evident at a
given time:
 
Adult Symptoms:
 
1. Varroa is present.
2. Adult bee population is reduced.
3. Crawling bees are seen.
4. Queens are superseded.
5. Tracheal mites may be present.
 
Brood Symptoms:
 
1. Varroa is present.
2. Brood pattern is spotty.
3. Symptoms resembling the foulbroods or sacbrood may be present.
These may disappear after feeding Terramycin (R), sugar syrup or
inserting Apistan (R) strips.
4. Affected brood can be in any stage and anywhere on the comb.
5. Many symptoms are similar to American foulbrood, but there is no
"ropiness," no typical odor and resultant scales are not brittle
and easy to remove.
6. No predominant bacterial type is found and no known bee pathogen
has been isolated from samples so far.
 
     Although coincident with presence of mites, the use of
"parasitic mite syndrome" to characterize the above conditions is
not without complications.  As the authors state: "It is somewhat
confusing that colonies with parasitic mite syndrome benefit from
the feeding of oxytetracycline or sugar syrup, both of which are
not known to be effective against viruses.  Nevertheless they
conclude:  "The effectiveness of fluvalinate impregnated plastic
strips [Apistan (R)] strongly suggests an association with Varroa
jacobsoni."
 
     Until further notice, the authors report that they will begin
to use the term "parasitic mite syndrome" in routine reporting of
disease diagnosis from their laboratory.  Persons submitting brood
disease samples to the laboratory should send a piece of brood comb
and 100 adults from each affected colony.  Comb should be at least
2 inches square, wrapped in a paper bag, towel, or newspaper and
mailed in a wooden or cardboard box.  The use of plastic bags,
aluminum foil, waxed paper, tin or glass should be avoided.
Address samples to: Honey Bee Diagnosis, USDA, ARS Bee Research
Laboratory, BARC-E, B-476, Beltsville, MD 20705.
 
     The symptoms listed above, especially those associated with
adult bees, except for the presence of either or both mites, ring
familiar to many beekeepers.  These conditions have often been
referred to as "disappearing disease," "autumn collapse" or "May
disease."  They also remind me of those involved in the unexplained
dieoff in Florida's panhandle in 1986-1988, coincident with the
initial detection of tracheal mites in the area.  First reported in
the February, March and April 1987 issues of APIS, and later
reflected on in April and March 1988, this situation culminated in
a feeding study carried out in 1988 and 1989.  The results were
reported in Bee Science in 1991 [A Florida Honey-Bee Feeding Study
Using the Beltsville Bee Diet (R), Vol. 1, No. 2, pp 72-76].  I
will mail a reprint to anyone upon request.
 
     Best wishes to all for a happy holiday season!
 
Sincerely,
 
 
Malcolm T. Sanford
Bldg 970, Box 110620
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611-0620
Phone (904) 392-1801, Ext. 143
FAX: 904-392-0190
BITNET Address: MTS@IFASGNV; INTERNET Address: MTS@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU
APIS on the World Wide Web--
http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu:7999/~entweb/apis/apis.htm
Copyright (c) M.T. Sanford 1994  "All Rights Reserved"

-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Fri Dec 30 21:14:42 EST 1994
Article: 1091 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk (Gordon Scott)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!agate!sunsite.doc.ic.ac.uk!pipex!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
Subject: Re: Unusual uses for beeswax?
References: <3c2fkt$36k@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <3cdpk6$fro@pith.uoregon.edu> <poy1fzQ.meltingpot@delphi.com>
Reply-To: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk
X-Newsreader: Demon Internet Simple News v1.29
Lines: 28
X-Posting-Host: apis.demon.co.uk
Date: Thu, 29 Dec 1994 18:16:41 +0000
Message-ID: <788725001snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

Hi all,

Happy new year etc.

It seems to me that these beeswax uses should go into a FAQ because  I'm
sure  many  people  are interested in this.  Seems also that we could do
the same with other hive/bee produce.  I will gladly  volunteer  to  put
a/some  faq's  together  if  people  will post me their 'uses'.  I don't
(yet?) have an automated method of circulating the results but I'll find
a  way,  maybe via someone else's faq handler (offers?).  My guess would
be to split into four groups -- honey, beeswax, propolis and others.

If you can supply some info  (I  have  all  the  beeswax  stuff  already
posted), please *mail* me directly on Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk.  It would
help me if you send mail for *each* group that you respond for because I
can then write out to an appropriate 'folder'.

I shall  post  on  bee-l  and  sci.agriculture.beekeeping  when  I  have
something ready, and how to get hold of a copy.

TIA, regards,
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK

Some men are discovered; others are found out.


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Dec 30 21:14:43 EST 1994
Article: 1092 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Unusual uses for beeswax?
Date: 29 Dec 1994 19:08:50 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 23
Message-ID: <3dv1g2$fao@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <3c2fkt$36k@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <3cdpk6$fro@pith.uoregon.edu> <poy1fzQ.meltingpot@delphi.com> <788725001snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <788725001snz@apis.demon.co.uk>,
Gordon Scott <Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk> wrote:

>It seems to me that these beeswax uses should go into a FAQ because  I'm
>sure  many  people  are interested in this.  Seems also that we could do
>the same with other hive/bee produce.  I will gladly  volunteer  to  put
>a/some  faq's  together  if  people  will post me their 'uses'.  I don't
>(yet?) have an automated method of circulating the results but I'll find
>a  way,  maybe via someone else's faq handler (offers?).  My guess would
>be to split into four groups -- honey, beeswax, propolis and others.

 A site for archiving this information is going to be available at
sunsite.unc.edu. One may access this site using gopher, ftp, or www
browsers. The site would be for faqs, newsgroup archives, bee-l archives
and whatever else anyone feels is important related to beekeeping.

 Please send me what you want archived.
 Adam
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From johng@garnet.msen.com Fri Dec 30 21:14:43 EST 1994
Article: 1093 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!heifetz.msen.com!johng
From: johng@garnet.msen.com (John Green)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Book on Bee Flies 4Sale
Date: 31 Dec 1994 00:22:32 GMT
Organization: Msen, Inc. -- Ann Arbor, MI (account info: +1 313 998-4562)
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <3e2888$mc0$1@heifetz.msen.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: garnet.msen.com
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]


Bee Flies of the World Bk 4Sale

Hull, Frank M.  Bee Flies of the World:  The Genera of the Family 
Bombyliidae.  Washington D.C.:  Smithsonian Institution Press, 1973.  
Hard cover with dust jacket, 687 pages.  Contains index, keys to the 
genera, and a check list of more than 4,000 species.  Bibliography has 
nearly 1,600 titles by more than 500 authors.  Includes 75 text figures 
and more than 1,000 line drawings.  Currently in print at $90.  This copy 
has a worn dust jacket, otherwise excellent condition.

$50 post paid in U.S.

reply email johng@mail.msen.com




--
   


From 73203.610@CompuServe.COM Sat Dec 31 20:09:15 EST 1994
Article: 1094 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!news.inhouse.compuserve.com!news.production.compuserve.com!news
From: Patrick M. O'Hearn <73203.610@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Moving to England
Date: 31 Dec 1994 03:11:15 GMT
Organization: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <3e2i4j$eqh$1@mhadf.production.compuserve.com>

To any English Beekeepers

I am a beekeeper in New Mexico, USA.  The president of the New 
Mexico Beekeepers association is being transferred to Lakenheath 
(Im not sure of the spelling...think it right) England for the 
next three years.  He is giving up a 100 hive sideline here in 
New Mexico but does not want to give up beekeeping.  Since he 
does not have access to the internet, I volunteered to try to 
find him some English contacts.  If any English beekeepers would 
be willing to visit with Gordon, I would pass along the 
information to him.

-- 
Patrick M. O'Hearn, 73203.610@compuserve.com
Bears Choice Apiary  "sometimes you get shown the light in the
Aztec, New Mexico     strangest of places, if you look at it 
                      right" R. Hunter


From alex@longton.demon.co.uk Sun Jan  1 11:15:16 EST 1995
Article: 1095 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: alex@longton.demon.co.uk ("T. Alex. Shaw.")
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!agate!sunsite.doc.ic.ac.uk!pipex!demon!betanews.demon.co.uk!longton.demon.co.uk!alex
Subject: Quote query
Organization: Stoke on Trent, England
Reply-To: alex@longton.demon.co.uk
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Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

I had a book on beekeeping some twenty years ago which at the time was quite
popular and contained a quotation that I should like to refer to but I can't
find the book and thought that one of you may be able to help.

Each chapter was headed by a quotation and in one case it read something like:
        "The hive contained one obstinate bee,
	 His name was Peter and thus spake he,
	 Why should a hive swarm altogether'
	 Why should a be not swarm alone?"

How well does my memory serve me please?   Also what was the source of the
quotation and who was its author?

This may not be of general interest so if you would rather not use group space
e-mail me please.	

--
								Regards Alex. 


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun Jan  1 20:48:16 EST 1995
Article: 1096 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!iat.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Quote query
Date: Sun,  1 Jan 1995 16:20:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950101124334672@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 21        


<quotes>

Each chapter was headed by a quotation and in one case it read something like:
        "The hive contained one obstinate bee,
         His name was Peter and thus spake he,
         Why should a hive swarm altogether'
         Why should a bee not swarm alone?"

How well does my memory serve me please?   Also what was the source of the
quotation and who was its author?

This may not be of general interest so if you would rather not use group space
e-mail me please.
                                                                Regards Alex.
<end quotes>

    Don't have that book in my collection, but would like to
hear more. A little culture won't hurt any of us old beekeepers.

                        ttul Andy-


From c_dbowen@qualcomm.com Mon Jan  2 23:32:25 EST 1995
Article: 1097 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!agate!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!qualcomm.com!usenet
From: c_dbowen@qualcomm.com (Don Bowen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping catalogs
Date: 2 Jan 1995 19:11:21 GMT
Organization: SAS
Lines: 4
Message-ID: <3e9j4p$adk@qualcomm.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: dbowen.qualcomm.com
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.90.4

	I am about to start my annual catalog shopping trip.  What I need
are recomendations for good mail order beekeeping comapnies.

	DonB


From c_dbowen@qualcomm.com Tue Jan  3 22:14:19 EST 1995
Article: 1098 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!qualcomm.com!usenet
From: c_dbowen@qualcomm.com (Don Bowen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Beekeeping catalogs
Date: 3 Jan 1995 18:28:32 GMT
Organization: SAS
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <3ec50g$214@qualcomm.com>
References: <3e9j4p$adk@qualcomm.com> <JM67.95Jan3130235@acmex.gatech.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: dbowen.qualcomm.com
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.90.4

In article <JM67.95Jan3130235@acmex.gatech.edu>, jm67@acmex.gatech.edu (MURRAY,JEFFREY P) says:
>
>
>>       I am about to start my annual catalog shopping trip.  What I need
>>are recomendations for good mail order beekeeping comapnies.
>>
>>       DonB
>>
>
>   Are you ordering from the U.S., from the U.K., from downunder, or
>where? In the eastern U.S. I would recommend getting catalogs from 
>Brushy Mountain Bee Farm, from Kelley, and from Dadant, in that order.
>
	I am in the western US and I have the kelley catalog.  I need the 
phone number for Dadant and Brushy Mountain.

>   Jeeef


From wamback@cfa0.harvard.edu Tue Jan  3 22:14:20 EST 1995
Article: 1099 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!newsfeed.rice.edu!hsdndev!cfanews!cfa0!wamback
From: wamback@cfa0.harvard.edu (Jane Wamback)
Subject: honey question
Message-ID: <D1uI2C.GAH@cfanews.harvard.edu>
Sender: news@cfanews.harvard.edu
Organization: Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA, USA
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL0]
Date: Tue, 3 Jan 1995 19:56:36 GMT
Lines: 12

I have a plastic bottle of honey with the date 12/03/93 stamped on it;
this appears to be an expiration date.  I have the impression that honey
doesn't "go bad" -- so that this honey should be safe to eat.

Would a knowledgeable reader of this group let me know if this is indeed
the case?  Thank you very much.

----

Jane Wamback
Center for Astrophysics
jwamback@cfa.harvard.edu 


From oliphant@cae.wisc.edu Tue Jan  3 22:14:22 EST 1995
Article: 1100 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!spool.mu.edu!uwm.edu!news.doit.wisc.edu!oliphant
From: oliphant@cae.wisc.edu (Paul Oliphant)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: comb orientation
Date: 3 Jan 1995 23:01:34 GMT
Organization: College of Engineering, Univ. of Wisconsin--Madison
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Distribution: usa
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NNTP-Posting-Host: milk.engr.wisc.edu

I'm a new beekeeping and have been trying to learn as much as possible
about honeybees. Well, I've got a question that seems rather obvious
yet, I have not been able to find any literature or anything on it.

The question is do honeybees prefer (in naturally) to orient their comb
in one of the two geometric orientations possible with the hexangle
cell? All foundation seems to be just one way. 

The two orientation are:     _       /\
                            / \     |  |
                            \_/  or  \/

I was under the impression that bees build comb only in one orientation
and was using this to help me orient some photographs. However, I though
I saw a picture of a wild colony of bees and I though I saw comb in BOTH
orientation in the same hive. Does anybody know or know of some research
that has been done on this?



From jm67@acmex.gatech.edu Tue Jan  3 22:14:27 EST 1995
Article: 1101 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!sas!redstone.interpath.net!ddsw1!panix!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!gt-news!prism!acmex.gatech.edu!jm67
From: jm67@acmex.gatech.edu (MURRAY,JEFFREY P)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Beekeeping catalogs
Date: 3 Jan 1995 13:02:35 -0500
Organization: Georgia Institute of Technology
Lines: 22
Sender: jm67@prism.gatech.edu
Message-ID: <JM67.95Jan3130235@acmex.gatech.edu>
References: <3e9j4p$adk@qualcomm.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: acmex.gatech.edu
In-reply-to: c_dbowen@qualcomm.com's message of 2 Jan 1995 19:11:21 GMT


>	I am about to start my annual catalog shopping trip.  What I need
>are recomendations for good mail order beekeeping comapnies.
>
>	DonB
>

   Are you ordering from the U.S., from the U.K., from downunder, or
where? In the eastern U.S. I would recommend getting catalogs from 
Brushy Mountain Bee Farm, from Kelley, and from Dadant, in that order.

   Jeeef
--
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu
-- 
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu


From killoran@ll.mit.edu Wed Jan  4 20:00:16 EST 1995
Article: 1102 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!sas!redstone.interpath.net!ddsw1!news.kei.com!news.mathworks.com!news2.near.net!llnews.ll.mit.edu!usenet
From: killoran@ll.mit.edu (Mike Killoran)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Beekeeping catalogs
Date: 03 Jan 1995 20:48:22 GMT
Organization: MIT Lincoln Lab -- Lexington, MA
Lines: 19
Message-ID: <KILLORAN.95Jan3154822@gourock.llan>
References: <3e9j4p$adk@qualcomm.com> <JM67.95Jan3130235@acmex.gatech.edu>
	<3ec50g$214@qualcomm.com>
In-reply-to: c_dbowen@qualcomm.com's message of 3 Jan 1995 18:28:32 GMT


>   I am in the western US and I have the kelley catalog.  I need the 
>   phone number for Dadant and Brushy Mountain.

Dadant's main number is (217) 847-3324.  If by western you mean CA,
the Durham, CA number is (916) 893-0921 and the Fresno, CA number
is (209) 292-4666.  They have a nice fourty page color catalog.

I'm fairly new to beekeeping and have only ordered from Dadant.  I'd 
be interested in the phone numbers for other catalog suppliers, say
the Kelly and Brushy Mountain mentioned above...

	-Mike Killoran


--
Mike Killoran                            Zen says:
killoran@ll.mit.edu                  Cease to do evil,
(617) 981-2667 (Lexington, MA USA)    Try to do good.


From kingsley@xerox.com Wed Jan  4 20:00:18 EST 1995
Article: 1103 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!sas!redstone.interpath.net!ddsw1!news.kei.com!news.mathworks.com!udel!rochester!rocksanne!news
From: kingsley@xerox.com (jeffrey kingsley)
Subject: Request for info on Varroa mites
Message-ID: <1995Jan3.165455.18257@news.wrc.xerox.com>
Sender: news@news.wrc.xerox.com
Reply-To: kingsley@xerox.com
Organization: Xerox Corporation, Webster NY
Date: Tue, 3 Jan 1995 16:54:55 GMT
Lines: 8


Are Varroa mites new (or more common than in the past)?  Are they found in the North - East U.S.?  I heard they cause something called "Parasitic Mite Syndrome"...Is this a new term?

Would I find any info in the FAQ (If so, where can I find the FAQ)?  Anyone recommend any sources for additional info (symptoms and cures)? 

Thanks,
Jeff



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Jan  4 20:00:19 EST 1995
Article: 1104 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!sas!redstone.interpath.net!hilbert.dnai.com!nic.scruz.net!Sequoia.picosof.com!emerald.oz.net!news.sprintlink.net!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!iat.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: no subject (file transmission)
Date: Tue,  3 Jan 1995 15:30:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950103174255676@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 154       


This message was from Dr Pamela Munn <sabpam@THOR.CF.AC.UK> to Multiple recipi

originally in conference LM-BEE-ListB on WILDBEES (WILD BEE'S BBS)
and was forwarded to you by ANDY NACHBAUR
----------------------------------------
Date:         Tue, 3 Jan 1995 11:56:22 +0000
From: Dr Pamela Munn <sabpam@THOR.CF.AC.UK>
Subject:      no subject (file transmission)
To: Multiple recipients of list BEE-L <BEE-L@UACSC2.ALBANY.EDU>

=========================================

B-MAIL

A monthly newsletter on issues and events in the bee world, provided
by IBRA, the world information service for bee science and beekeeping.

**Jan 1995**

=========================================
NATIVE HONEY BEE RACES

For many beekeepers in Europe the bee they want to keep is the one
originally found in their area (before human-assisted movements, at
least) and there are a number of groups devoted to conservation of
Apis mellifera mellifera, the dark European bee.

Here in the UK the British Isles Bee Breeders' Association (BIBBA) is
very active in this field, producing publications and videos and running
training courses and conferences.  BIBBA has been in operation for 30
years and aims to conserve, restore, study, select and improve the
'native and near native honey bees of Britain and Ireland'.

Actually they are primarily in favour of 'pure race breeding', as they
blame imports of foreign bees for the production of 'mongrel' bee
colonies with undesirable characteristics.  They then go on to say that
A. m. mellifera is the bee most suited to the British climate, it still
exists in a pure state, and can be distinguished from 'mongrel' bees
and other races.  Their current programme involves the formation of
local groups to find, select and breed these native bees.

Other groups working to propagate A. m. mellifera exist in Austria,
Brittany (France), Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland.

The Norwegian group has recently launched a publicity campaign,
complete with a very attractive poster, calling for action.  "We fear
that time is running out for the black European bee.  Most geographical
sub-races are already lost, and the rest are too few or might be
affected by other races.  In Scandinavia we don't even know what we
have, related to silvarum, lehzeni, or if it can be described as a special
Nordic branch".  They are calling for letters to be written to the
Norwegian minister of agriculture, and are holding a conference on the
Norwegian black bee area project on 8-9 September 1995.

In Germany a group was formed in November to promote conservation
of the black bee: the Gemeinschaft zum Erhalt der Dunklen Biene
(GEDB), or community for the conservation of the dark European bee,
and plans to work for its reintroduction, improvement and spread.  Of
course such an idea is controversial in Germany.  The well-coordinated
national bee breeding programme is based on propagation of Carniolan
bees, and even at the inaugural meeting of GEDB a representative of
the German Beekeepers' Association (DIB) spoke against the
(re)introduction of dark bees.

The Carniolan breeding programme in Germany is based on the use of
isolated mating apiaries and morphometrics to check racial 'purity',
though the problems inherent in this approach were highlighted by
Robin Moritz in his paper 'The limitations of biometric control on pure
race breeding in Apis mellifera' (Journal of Apicultural Research 30(2):
54-59 (1991), with subsequent discussion by F Ruttner and Dr Moritz
on pp113-115).

New techniques can give us new insights into the concept of honey
bee 'races'.  Data on the frequencies of enzyme electromorphs and
results of mitochondrial DNA restriction mapping can be used to
confirm, or dispute, the indications from morphometric analysis.  This
has been done, for instance, for the 'pure' population of Apis mellifera
ligustica in the honey bee sanctuary of Kangaroo Island in South
Australia (Oldroyd et al., Journal of Apicultural Research 31: 141-148
(1992)).  The subject is discussed further in 'New approaches to honey
bee taxonomy' by Ben Oldroyd (Bee World 74(3): 105-107 (1993)).

Contacts:

Brittany: Association Abeille-Noire Bretonne, Kerchere, F-29242,
France.

Germany: Secretary, GEDB, Ostlandstrasse 1, D-24247 Mielkendorf,
Germany.

Norway: Nils j Drivdal, Prosjekleder, Reinavlsomradet for Ded Brune Bia,
Lovikgt 13, 4400 Flekkefjord, Norway.

UK: Albert Knight, BIBBA Secretary, 11 Thomson Drive, Codnor, DE4
9RU, UK.


CONSERVING EUROPE'S BEES

The programme for this important meeting is looking really good, and
we expect a good attendance from throughout Europe and further
afield.  For your convenience the second announcement and booking
form is included at the end of this edition of B.mail.

COMPARATIVE FORAGING STRATEGIES IN SOLITARY AND SOCIAL
BEES

This meeting was featured in the last edition of B.mail, and full details
are now available from form Dr Robin Wootton, University of Exeter,
Hatherly Laboratories, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS.  Phone
(+44) 1392-263753, fax 1392-263700, e.mail
r.j.wootton@cen.exeter.ac.uk.

The provisional programme includes papers on:
Influence of pollen viability on foraging behaviour in bumble bees.
Effect of bee foraging strategies on gene flow in white clover.
Foraging responses to sexual harassment in a solitary bee.
Foraging of an anthophorid in the arid Sinai mountains.
Physiological constraints on foraging in solitary and social bees.
Limitations to flight performance in bumble bees.
The use of stable isotopes to determine energetic costs of freely
foraging bees.
Bombus vs. Apis: a comparison of foraging behaviour on oilseed rape.
Comparison of honey bees and bumble bees foraging on borage.
Foraging by Apis and Bombus on raspberries.

WAXING LYRICAL ON INTERNET

As historic moments go, according to the New York Times, this one
was closer to 'Watson, come here!' than to another Saturday night at
the movies.  The first movie to be transmitted on Internet was 'Wax: or
the discovery of television among the bees', an 85-minute cult piece
about a beekeeper who ends up being kept by his bees.  Reviews of
this 'surreal landscape imagined by a cyberpunk novelist' range from 'A
witty, psychedelic cult favourite' through the neutral 'Like no film
you've ever seen' to the less than complimentary 'Authentically
peculiar'.

The event itself, though, was described as 'The future of SF film, if not
of cinema'.  In this case output from an ordinary video player was fed
into the producer's computer, converted to digital form and pushed
straight out to Internet.  No doubt it's but a foretaste of a huge number
of simultaneous video channels but remember, bees did it first.


Andrew Matheson
Director


NOW HERE IS THE SECOND ANNOUNCEMENT AND BOOKING FORM
FOR CONSERVING EUROPE'S BEES

(Continued to next message)


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Jan  4 20:00:20 EST 1995
Article: 1105 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!sas!redstone.interpath.net!hilbert.dnai.com!nic.scruz.net!Sequoia.picosof.com!emerald.oz.net!news.sprintlink.net!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!iat.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: no subject (file transmission)
Date: Tue,  3 Jan 1995 15:30:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950103174256677@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 155       


(Continued from previous message)


The International Bee Research Association and Linnean Society of
London are holding this symposium on 6-7 April 1995 at the Linnean
Society rooms, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, UK.

WHY BEE CONSERVATION?

Bees have an important place in agriculture and in preserving wild
habitats.
*       They often have highly specialized relationships with native floras,
so play vital roles in maintaining natural vegetation.
*       Bees are particularly suitable for environmental monitoring purposes,
because of their diverse nesting strategies and specific host plant
relationships.
*       Both social bees such as bumble bees and solitary bees are actual
or potential pollinators of crops.

Changes in land use in Europe have made bee conservation an
increasingly important issue as the nesting sites and food plants for
bees are destroyed by increasing monocultures: more than 400 bee
species from north of the Alps appear in Red Data lists.  Although non-
Apis bees are vital in maintaining native floras, our understanding of
pollination ecology at the community level is growing faster than our
knowledge of bee taxonomy, and with the consequent backlog of data
analysis pollination botanists are ill-served by the current state of bee
systematics in the Palaearctic.

This two-day scientific meeting will concentrate on bee conservation in
Europe and the Mediterranean basin, but will also consider the
Americas and other areas with important lessons for others about bee
conservation.

The symposium builds on a rising tide of interest in scientific circles, if
not political ones, about the importance of this issue.  In 1991, STOA
(Scientific and Technical Options Assessment, European Parliament)
commissioned a review on the impact of changing beekeeping practice
and land use in Europe on crop and wild flower pollination, which was
published in IBRA's technical journal Bee World.

Following this review, the EC funded a workshop in Brussels to discuss
these issues and the findings of the meeting point clearly to the need
for bee conservation:
*       Agriculture in the EU needs bees to pollinate most of its crops.
*       Intensive agriculture provides an inhospitable environment for bees.
*       Habitat management for bee conservation is necessary.

Delegates at the workshop expressed considerable interest in setting up
a collaborative European research programme into the problems of
habitat management and the potential of set-aside for bees: this hasn't
happened but we will be using this symposium to launch a network as
part of FAO's ESCORENA programme.

Last December, IBRA held a symposium in Cambridge on bee forage
and conservation and this year published the book Forage for bees in an
agricultural landscape, which discusses the importance of forage and
nesting sites in bee conservation.

'Conserving Europe's bees' will be a meeting of major importance in
promoting scientific debate and collaboration on this important subject.

THURSDAY 6 APRIL 1995

Habitats for bees; Dr Paul Westrich, Institut f|r Wildbienenkunde,
T|bingen, Germany.

Dr Paul Westrich, T|bingen: Considering the ecological needs of our
native bees: the problems of partial habitats.

Dr Matthias Klemm, Consultant biologist, T|bingen: Cliffbanks, sand
pits and levees as substitutes for threatened or destroyed riverine
habitats.

Dr Mike Edwards, Private consultant (formerly Natural History
Museum), Midhurst, UK: Optimizing habitats for bees in the United
Kingdom.

Dr Chris Saure, Zoologische Institut, Freie Universitdt, Berlin: Urban
habitats for bees: the example of the city of Berlin.

Grappling with bee diversity; Chris O'Toole, Curatorial Officer, Hope
Entomological Collections, University of Oxford, UK.

Professor Amots Dafni, Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa,
Israel, and Professor Avi Schmida, Hebrew University of Jerusalem,
Israel: (Threats to bee diversity in Mediterranean Israel: the case of
Bombus terrestris versus the rest).

Professor Charles Michener, Snow Entomological Museum, University
of Kansas, USA: (PCAM: a case study of getting to grips with bee
diversity). Keynote speaker.

Chris O'Toole, UK: Bee systematics: the continuing crisis and some
possible cures.

Dr Theodora Petanidou, Department of Ecology, University of
Thessaloniki, Greece: Co-evolution of native bee faunas and floras in
changing Mediterranean communities.

Evening

Informal mixer.

FRIDAY 7 APRIL 1995

Do plants need bees?; Professor Ingrid Williams, Group Leader, Insect-
Plant Interactions, Entomology and Nematology Department,
Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, UK.

Dr Sarah Corbet, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, UK:
(Are native bees more important pollinators than honey bees?)

Dr Manja Kwak, Department of Plant Biology, University of Groningen,
Netherlands: (Importance of native pollinators to native plant
conservation).

Dr Ken Richards, Research Leader, Agriculture Canada Crop Sciences
Section, Lethbridge Research Station: (Bees compared as pollinators of
legume crops).

Professor Ingrid Williams, UK: Comparing bee-mediated gene flow in
crop plants.

Dr Pat Willmer, Department of Biology, University of St Andrew's, UK:
(Physiological constraints on bee foraging)

Competition in bee-plant and bee-bee interactions; Dr Stephen
Buchmann, Research Entomologist, USDA-ARS, Carl Hayden Bee
Research Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA.

Dr Stephen Buchmann, USA: Competition for pollen and nectar
between honey bees and native bees in the Sonoran Desert of Arizona.

Dr Evan Sugden, University of Kentucky, USA: Towards an ecological
perspective of beekeeping.

Dr David Roubik, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama: On
long-term trends of bee populations and their interpretation.

Dr Robinn Thorpe, University of California, Davis, USA: Resource
overlap among native and introduced bees in California.

Poster papers and exhibits

There will be limited space for poster papers and exhibits and
demonstrations relating to the theme of the conference, but these must
be notified in advance.

Please contact Andrew Matheson, Director, International Bee Research
Association, 18 North Road, Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK.  Fax (+44) 1222-
665522.  E.mail: ibra@cardiff.ac.uk.

(Continued to next message)


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Jan  4 20:00:21 EST 1995
Article: 1106 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!sas!redstone.interpath.net!hilbert.dnai.com!nic.scruz.net!Sequoia.picosof.com!emerald.oz.net!news.sprintlink.net!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!iat.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: no subject (file transmission)
Date: Tue,  3 Jan 1995 15:30:00 GMT
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Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 80        


(Continued from previous message)


REGISTRATION FORM

* I wish to attend Conserving Europe's bees on 6-7 April 1995.
* I wish to attend the symposium for one day only: ........... April
1995.

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Conserving Europe's bees
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Fax (+44) 171-287-9364
Telephone(+44) 171-434-4479
E.mail: john@linnean.demon.co.uk





Return address:
E.mail: ibra@cardiff.ac.uk
Fax: (+44) 1222-665522
Telephone: (+44) 1222-372409
Snailmail: 18 North Road, Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK


From pollinator@aol.com Wed Jan  4 20:00:22 EST 1995
Article: 1107 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!sas!redstone.interpath.net!ddsw1!panix!news.mathworks.com!newshost.marcam.com!uunet!newstf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: honey question
Date: 4 Jan 1995 00:38:03 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 37
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <3edc7r$3r4@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
References: <D1uI2C.GAH@cfanews.harvard.edu>
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)

Jane Wamack asks:
>I have a plastic bottle of honey with the date 12/03/93 stamped on it;
this appears to be an expiration date.  I have the impression that honey
doesn't "go bad" -- so that this honey should be safe to eat.

   It is unlikely that a closed honey jar would go bad.  If it is left
open during humid weather, it could absorb moisture from the air and
ferment, at least at the surface.
Sometimes honey that is left crystallized for a long time will also
acquire a slighty fermented taste, even after restoration by warming.
That's because some water will form on the surface of the crystals and
yeasts will grow.  In neither case should this be harmful.
   I just packed out a four-year old barrel of honey.  It was
crystallized, and there was a thin wet *crust* on top that tasted a little
nippy, so I skimmed it off before warming and using the rest.  It's mighty
fine honey in the jar.
   Very few bacteria can survive in honey (the cell membranes rupture), so
there is no danger of spoilage, in the sense that it could make you ill.
   One of the few bacteria that can survive is botulism, but only in a
dormant, spore form.  It cannot grow and make its poison, so it is safe
for humans - EXCEPT:  There are some who hold that even a few botulism
spores are hazardous to young children, because they can begin to
reproduce and produce poison within a young child's digestive system. So
some pediatricians recommend that honey not be given to infants and
toddlers.   I wonder if this is alarmism, as honey has traditionally been
used in infant formulas, and botulism spores are just about everywhere. 
(-- Mom in the kitchen sterilizing the baby's bottle; baby in the living
room, eating dirt out of the flowerpot!)
   I have heard that honey has been found in the tombs of the pharoahs in
Egypt, and is still edible after thousands of years.  Of course the air is
so dry, that it cannot absorb water.
   If the honey is crystallized you can reliquify it in the microwave. Be
careful not to overheat it, as this can spoil the flavor, and even can
melt the plastic container.

Pollinator@aol.com      Dave Green,  Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, PO Box
1215, Hemingway, SC  29554


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Wed Jan  4 20:00:24 EST 1995
Article: 1108 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!sas!redstone.interpath.net!news.sprintlink.net!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!uhog.mit.edu!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Request for info on Varroa mites
Date: 4 Jan 1995 03:31:04 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 22
Message-ID: <3ed4po$r4s@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <1995Jan3.165455.18257@news.wrc.xerox.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu

In article <1995Jan3.165455.18257@news.wrc.xerox.com>,
jeffrey kingsley <kingsley@xerox.com> wrote:
>
>Are Varroa mites new (or more common than in the past)?  Are they
found in the North - East U.S.?  I heard they cause something called
"Parasitic Mite Syndrome"...Is this a new term?

 Check _Apis Magazine_ 12/94
Sanford describes this "disease" well. _Apis_ is posted here and 
archived at a few sites. The Faq lists them.

Speaking of faq, 1/1/95 is on its way, I've moved and am using a new
school's network so I am going to be a few days.
Hokay?

Great to beee here!
Adam
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From jm67@acmex.gatech.edu Wed Jan  4 20:00:25 EST 1995
Article: 1109 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!gt-news!prism!acmex.gatech.edu!jm67
From: jm67@acmex.gatech.edu (MURRAY,JEFFREY P)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Beekeeping catalogs
Date: 4 Jan 1995 08:20:53 -0500
Organization: Georgia Institute of Technology
Lines: 33
Sender: jm67@prism.gatech.edu
Message-ID: <JM67.95Jan4082053@acmex.gatech.edu>
References: <3e9j4p$adk@qualcomm.com> <JM67.95Jan3130235@acmex.gatech.edu>
	<3ec50g$214@qualcomm.com> <KILLORAN.95Jan3154822@gourock.llan>
NNTP-Posting-Host: acmex.gatech.edu
In-reply-to: killoran@ll.mit.edu's message of 03 Jan 1995 20:48:22 GMT


>Dadant's main number is (217) 847-3324.  If by western you mean CA,
>the Durham, CA number is (916) 893-0921 and the Fresno, CA number
>is (209) 292-4666.  They have a nice fourty page color catalog.
>
>I'm fairly new to beekeeping and have only ordered from Dadant.  I'd 
>be interested in the phone numbers for other catalog suppliers, say
>the Kelly and Brushy Mountain mentioned above...
>
>	-Mike Killoran
>

   I don't have Walter Kelley's phone number handy, but Brushy
Mountain (out of North Carolina) can be reached at 1-800-BEESWAX.
I have no affiliation with any of these companies other than 
as a satisfied customer. I am particularly happy with Brushy Mt., as
their prices are the cheapest I've found in the east (I'm in Atlanta),
and the quality of all of the equipment I've purchased from them
has been excellent. They are also close to me, so shipping charges
are lower than from Kelley or Dadant.

   Jeef

--
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu
-- 
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu


From jm67@acmez.gatech.edu Wed Jan  4 21:34:14 EST 1995
Article: 1110 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!hookup!newshost.marcam.com!zip.eecs.umich.edu!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!gatech!gt-news!prism!acmez.gatech.edu!jm67
From: jm67@acmez.gatech.edu (MURRAY,JEFFREY P)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: comb orientation
Date: 4 Jan 1995 13:15:32 -0500
Organization: Georgia Institute of Technology
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Sender: jm67@prism.gatech.edu
Distribution: usa
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NNTP-Posting-Host: acmez.gatech.edu
In-reply-to: oliphant@cae.wisc.edu's message of 3 Jan 1995 23:01:34 GMT


>I'm a new beekeeping and have been trying to learn as much as possible
>about honeybees. Well, I've got a question that seems rather obvious
>yet, I have not been able to find any literature or anything on it.
>
>The question is do honeybees prefer (in naturally) to orient their comb
>in one of the two geometric orientations possible with the hexangle
>cell? All foundation seems to be just one way. 
>
>The two orientation are:     _       /\
>                            / \     |  |
>                            \_/  or  \/
>
>

   Ah, I think you are under a misconception here, but one that
I also shared for a long time. The cells produced by the bees are NOT
hexagonal. Rather, they are circular, and are packed up against
each other as tightly as possible. The result is a hexagonal pattern,
but the cells themselves are not hexagons.

   As an illustration, get a sheet of paper with a hole in it, and
use it to trace out a row of circles on a sheet of paper. The result
looks like the following:

     o o o o o o o o o o

   Now, if you go back and lay down a second line of circles under the
first SO THAT THEY PACK IN AS TIGHTLY AS POSSIBLE (this doesn't really
work well using ASCII type, but imagine the circles jammed up against each
other so that they almost touch), the second line will be offset from
the first by half. Thus, the pattern looks something like the
following:

     o o o o o o o o o o
      o o o o o o o o o o

   Continuing with the nextseveral lines yields:

     o o o o o o o o o o
      o o o o o o o o o o
     o o o o o o o o o o
      o o o o o o o o o o
     o o o o o o o o o o
      o o o o o o o o o o


    ...enough. You can see the hexagonal pattern that forms, even though
all I've done is pack circles together. In essence, this is all the 
bees are doing.

    Hope this helps.

    Jeeef


--
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu
-- 
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jan  5 21:01:32 EST 1995
Article: 1111 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!agate!iat.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: honey question
Date: Wed,  4 Jan 1995 06:40:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950104074012686@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 39        


 |-----------------|Wamback@cfa0.Harvard.Edu (jane Wamback)refer#: None
>I have a plastic bottle of honey with the date 12/03/93 stamped on it;
>this appears to be an expiration date.  I have the impression that honey
>doesn't "go bad" -- so that this honey should be safe to eat.
>
>Would a knowledgeable reader of this group let me know if this is indeed
>the case?  Thank you very much.
 |-------------------------------------|

Hello Jane!

   It will darken with age, as I am sure yours did unless you kept it
in the freezer. It may also turn to sugar, (crystallize). If it is
solid, you can warm it up in hot, not boiling water, and it will melt.

   If it is dark, it is still excellent for replacing sugar in cooking
with honey. If it is very dark, and strong flavored, or caramelized by
long exposure to room temperatures or over heating, it still is
excellent in food preparation that require brown sugar, molasses,
sorghum syrup and the like. I have found NO cooking recipe that calls
for sugar that honey of one kind or another can not be substituted.
>From  baked apples to hot chocolate.
                                      Good Luck with you Honey!

   ______________________
  (//////////////////////)    I have found NO recipe that calls for
  (//////////////////////)    sugar that Honey can not be used.
  /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
 |     Wild Flower!       |   Remember sugar is a cheep chemically
 |                        |   treated substitute for honey. All raw
 |  _   _          \    / |   sugar must be cleaned of impurities
 | | |_| | __      _ \/   |   including insect and rodent spore and
 | | |-| |:  :|\ |:_ ::   |   other deleterious substances before its
 | |_| |_|:__:| \|:_ ||   |   fit for human consumption.
 |                        |
 |  Product of USA..16oz  |   Honey from the hive is ready to eat...
 |________________________|
                                         ttul Andy-


From krabb@cs.ruu.nl Thu Jan  5 21:01:33 EST 1995
Article: 1112 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!sun4nl!ruuinf!krabb
From: krabb@cs.ruu.nl (Jeroen Krabbendam)
Subject: American foulbrood
Message-ID: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl>
Summary: Measures against Am fb
Keywords: American foulbrood
Sender: usenet@cs.ruu.nl (Six O'Clock News)
Organization: Utrecht University, Dept. of Computer Science
Date: Thu, 5 Jan 1995 07:58:42 GMT
Lines: 16

Happy new year to all.

I would like to know how the governments in various countries deal
with Amrican foulbrood.
Here in the Netherlands the disease is infecting more and more colonies
and the governments reaction is dramatic in my opion. All hives and colonies 
will be destroyed. Really, your out of business if Afb strikes at you. I read
that in Germany one has a  method of dealing with the disease. How is it in
your country?

Thanks for help.
--
 
-- Jeroen --
Jeroen Krabbendam, Department of Computer Science,
Utrecht University, P.O box 80089, NL-3508 TB The Netherlands  


From packwood@cs.utwente.nl Thu Jan  5 21:01:35 EST 1995
Article: 1113 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!Germany.EU.net!EU.net!sun4nl!news.nic.surfnet.nl!utciva.civ.utwente.nl!news.cs.utwente.nl!packwood
From: packwood@cs.utwente.nl (Lynn E. Packwood)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bees and toxic plants
Date: 5 Jan 1995 10:51:16 GMT
Organization: University of Twente, Dept. of Computer Science
Lines: 15
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3egiv4$3ua@utrhcs.cs.utwente.nl>
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Reply-To: packwood@cs.utwente.nl
NNTP-Posting-Host: jaguar.cs.utwente.nl


I don't know about oleander - but in the case of
foxgloves the digitalis is not water soluble and 
therefore doesn't get into the nectar.

Lots of bees can't get to the nectar anyway as 
their tongues are too short - but there are helpful 
bugs that bite through the flower at a point allowing 
the nectar to leak out for all comers.


Lynn





From roe@crosfield.co.uk Thu Jan  5 21:01:36 EST 1995
Article: 1114 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!crosfield.co.uk!roe
From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
Message-ID: <1995Jan5.132917.1500@crosfield.co.uk>
Keywords: American foulbrood
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl>
Date: Thu, 5 Jan 1995 13:29:17 GMT
Lines: 23

In article <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> krabb@cs.ruu.nl (Jeroen Krabbendam) writes:
>Happy new year to all.
>
>I would like to know how the governments in various countries deal
>with Amrican foulbrood.
>Here in the Netherlands the disease is infecting more and more colonies
>and the governments reaction is dramatic in my opion. All hives and colonies 
>will be destroyed. Really, your out of business if Afb strikes at you.

In the UK the situation is the same.  Regulations require the
destruction of all infected colonies by fire -- not just the bees but
the hives as well.  As a consequence AFB is rare.  I've only seen it
once and that was in someone else's bees.  I think destruction is a
price well worth paying to keep AFB at this low level.  Beekeeping
associations here provide insurance.  It's very cheap -- only about
GBP0.30 ($0.45) per hive per year.  Is there a similar scheme in the
Netherlands?  If not, perhaps Dutch beekeepers should organise one.

-- 
Malcolm Roe                                Phone  :  +44 1442 345104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd                  Fax    :  +44 1442 232301
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK        E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From jm67@acmex.gatech.edu Thu Jan  5 21:01:37 EST 1995
Article: 1115 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!gt-news!prism!acmex.gatech.edu!jm67
From: jm67@acmex.gatech.edu (MURRAY,JEFFREY P)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: comb orientation
Date: 5 Jan 1995 09:26:01 -0500
Organization: Georgia Institute of Technology
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Sender: jm67@prism.gatech.edu
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References: <3ecl0e$206@news.doit.wisc.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: acmex.gatech.edu
In-reply-to: oliphant@cae.wisc.edu's message of 3 Jan 1995 23:01:34 GMT


>The question is do honeybees prefer (in naturally) to orient their comb
>in one of the two geometric orientations possible with the hexangle
>cell? All foundation seems to be just one way. 
>
>The two orientation are:     _       /\
>                            / \     |  |
>                            \_/  or  \/
>

   Well, after much thought, I realized that in my earlier post I
really didn't answer Paul's question. I still contend that the bee
cells are closer to circular than to truly hexagonal, but there ARE
two different orientations that a grid of circles can assume. And, as
shown roughly in Paul's illustration, the two are exact 30 degree
rotations of each other. Sorry 'bout that, Paul.  Maybe it'll teach me
to read questions more carefully before attempting to answer them.

   Back to the question, if I assume that the cell is a perfect
hexagon (albeit smoothed off to be closer to round), the two
orientations of the cell walls (which are the shared walls between any
two adjacent cells) can indeed look like either

       _
     /   \     or     / \
     \ _ /           |   |
                      \ /
       
   
   Now, for what I've seen, I'd say in my hives I've seen both
orientations, because although the bees make remarkably uniform
cells IN SIZE, the orientation of the cells w.r.t. each other
varies depending on other features in the hive. For instance, if
burr comb is built on the walls of the hive, I've seen the "grain"
of the pattern wobble significantly to accomodate the change from
flat surface to curved surface. Clearly on foundation, the bees will
tend to use the pattern that they are given to start with.

   With regard to the preference of orientation of the bees in the
wild, I can't say for sure. My guess is that there is no real
preference, but that the grain of the comb "morphs" from one
orientation to another regularly, and the initial orientation is
determined by the foundation used (for kept bees) or the way the first
row of cells is placed in the case of the wild. 

   If you've ever seen wild honeycomb, it does not conform to the
regular flat-sheeted form that we come to see in our hives; rather,
bridge and brace comb round off the comb at places and makes the
resulting U-shaped main sheets of comb look much more "organic" than
what we see in our hives. And as I stated before, it's the size of
the CELLS rather than their absolute orientation to each other that
seems to be the most regular.

   Hope this helps.

   Jeeef








--
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu
-- 
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu


From rspear@primenet.com Thu Jan  5 21:01:38 EST 1995
Article: 1116 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!news.primenet.com!ip196.lax.primenet.com!rspear
From: rspear@primenet.com (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bees and toxic plants
Date: Wed, 4 Jan 1995 18:49:38 PST
Organization: Primenet
Lines: 10
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NNTP-Posting-Host: ip196.lax.primenet.com
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev B final beta #4]

Hi all -

This has probably been asked before, so please bear with me ... how come I'm 
not dying from my honey? <g> There are oleanders all over my property and 
other toxic plants and I wonder why none of that material finds its way into 
the honey. I guess the bees are only taking nectar, but are there no toxins 
present in (say) oleander nectar?

Regards, Richard
rspear@primenet.com


From jlks@u.washington.edu Thu Jan  5 21:01:39 EST 1995
Article: 1117 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!uhog.mit.edu!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!spool.mu.edu!news.clark.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!news.u.washington.edu!jlks
From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: WWW Page Moves
Date: 5 Jan 1995 02:43:55 GMT
Organization: University of Washington
Lines: 11
Message-ID: <3efmdb$s19@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: homer13.u.washington.edu

The Beekeeping World Wide Web page is now at:

http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html

Thanks,

Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/jordan.html




From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Thu Jan  5 21:01:41 EST 1995
Article: 1118 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.kei.com!ub!newserve!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
Date: Thu, 05 Jan 95 11:18:54 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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Message-ID: <1731D9F21S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu
Keywords: American foulbrood

In article <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl>
krabb@cs.ruu.nl (Jeroen Krabbendam) writes:
 
>I would like to know how the governments in various countries deal
>with Amrican foulbrood...  How is it in your country?
>
 
I'm not sure if there is a federal policy in the States for AFB or if
the issue is handled individually (and perhaps differently) by each
state.  I am SURE of New York state's policy for treatment for AFB,
which I learned from the school of hard knocks.  AFB is treated as a
nuisance to the ENTIRE STATE!  Owners of infected equipment are cited by
the state and given two weeks to abate the nuisance, subject to $200
fines per day per piece of equipment if the nuisance is not abated.  In
my case that amounted to almost $3000 per day!  A double brood chamber,
bottom board, queen excluder, single super, inner and outer cover times
two hives times $200 adds up very quickly!  Needless to say, I was
quick to abate the nuisance.  To abate the nuisance one must destroy and
burn the bees, and burn the frame and combs.  Wooden bodies, supers,
bottom boards and covers may be reused, but they must first be scorched
by flame.  Treatment by fire is the only SANCTIONED treatment for AFB
in New York state.  Irradiation of equipment is an effective treatment
for AFB, but it's hard to find a site to nuke one's equipment and the
state doesn't sanction such treatment anyway.
   There are schools of thought emerging that perhaps the treatment is
too drastic and that perhaps treatment with drugs (terramycin) might be
more appropriate.  However, that idea runs into years of "burn 'em"
attitudes and has yet to catch on as a sanctioned viable alternative.
For the time being, if AFB then FLAME ON!
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Thu Jan  5 21:01:42 EST 1995
Article: 1119 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!news.kei.com!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.bu.edu!gw1.att.com!nntpa!not-for-mail
From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Switch Board
Message-ID: <D1xyBH.C9z@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Sender: news@nntpa.cb.att.com (Netnews Administration)
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Date: Thu, 5 Jan 1995 16:40:29 GMT
Lines: 17

Recently I was told about a way to produce comb honey.
Mr. X  mentioned a "switch" board.  The board looks like a swarm board.
It has a large area cut out of the middle which is screened.
The board has exit ports (from the top and the bottom) on all 4 sides.
He say he puts a laying queen in a deep box, the switch board, another
deep box with laying queen, an excluder and then several honey supers.
The ports are opened and closed on a rotating weekly basis, so that the upper
unit absorbs returning field bees.
The bottom unit can only exit through the switch board.

Is this right?

ventilation?
upper box congestion?
swarm control?
dead bees and other waste?
uniting?


From dnl@goanna.cs.rmit.edu.au Thu Jan  5 21:01:43 EST 1995
Article: 1120 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dnl@goanna.cs.rmit.edu.au (David 'Igor' Latter)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
Date: 6 Jan 1995 09:32:51 +1100
Organization: Comp Sci, RMIT, Melbourne, Australia
Lines: 43
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3ehs2j$rc2@goanna.cs.rmit.edu.au>
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> <1995Jan5.132917.1500@crosfield.co.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: goanna.cs.rmit.edu.au
NNTP-Posting-User: dnl
Keywords: American foulbrood

>In article <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> krabb@cs.ruu.nl (Jeroen Krabbendam) writes:
>>Happy new year to all.
>>
>>I would like to know how the governments in various countries deal
>>with Amrican foulbrood.
>>Here in the Netherlands the disease is infecting more and more colonies
>>and the governments reaction is dramatic in my opion. All hives and colonies 
>>will be destroyed. Really, your out of business if Afb strikes at you.

>In the UK the situation is the same.  Regulations require the
>destruction of all infected colonies by fire -- not just the bees but
>the hives as well.  As a consequence AFB is rare.  I've only seen it
>once and that was in someone else's bees.  I think destruction is a
>price well worth paying to keep AFB at this low level.  Beekeeping
>associations here provide insurance.  It's very cheap -- only about
>GBP0.30 ($0.45) per hive per year.  Is there a similar scheme in the
>Netherlands?  If not, perhaps Dutch beekeepers should organise one.

>------------------------------------------------------------------------
Here in Australia, (at least in Victoria) all hives with AFB are destroyed
by burning the whole hive. However, as all good beekeepers are registered
with the Dept. of Agriculture, they are compensated for the los of hive(s)
the amount depends on the condition of hive materials etc. The fee for
registration, $11 per year for those with less than 150 hives.
With such methods AFB is not really common. I personally have never seen it
and I hope it stays that way! :-)
I have heard of commercial operations losing over 100 hives in one hit.
There is an option to burning, that is gamma radiation to steralize the hive,
it costs a bit, but at least you save your boxes... but the compensation goes
down, I think.
This is only relevant to Victorian (Aust) beekeepers, but chalkbrood is
now here in Victoria. I have heard of two outbreaks up near the Murray, but
the third I'm not sure of. Check your hives.

                David

-- 

Could the last support staff member that leaves, please turn off the lights...

-- 

Could the last support staff member that leaves, please turn off the lights...


From rshough@tasc.com Fri Jan  6 14:17:52 EST 1995
Article: 1121 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!newsfeed.pitt.edu!uunet!newsserver.tasc.com!newsserver.read.tasc.com!rshough.read.tasc.com!user
From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
Date: Thu, 05 Jan 1995 13:20:47 -0500
Organization: TASC
Lines: 34
Message-ID: <rshough-0501951320470001@rshough.read.tasc.com>
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rshough.read.tasc.com

In article <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl>, krabb@cs.ruu.nl (Jeroen Krabbendam) wrote:

> Happy new year to all.
> 
> I would like to know how the governments in various countries deal
> with Amrican foulbrood.
> Here in the Netherlands the disease is infecting more and more colonies
> and the governments reaction is dramatic in my opion. All hives and colonies 
> will be destroyed. Really, your out of business if Afb strikes at you. I read
> that in Germany one has a  method of dealing with the disease. How is it in
> your country?

AFB here tends to be considered as a "serious, but treatable" condition,
which (fortunately) tends to occur relatively infrequently. In the USA,
the policy is established by each state (there is no uniform federal
policy on this that I am aware of). In New England, the prevaling
attitude is to treat minor AFB outbreaks with medication, and if the
colonies respond, you are allowed to keep them. If the outbreak is
severe, or the colonies fail to respond to treatment, they are destroyed
by fire. The determination of whether a specific situation is "severe"
or not is left to the discretion of each apiary inspector, so there 
tends to be a lack of uniformity on the enforcement side of this.

Rick Hough, a beekeeper from NE Massachusetts.

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion. Similarity to anyone else's
opinion is pure coincidence.


From dwd@rodel.com Fri Jan  6 14:17:53 EST 1995
Article: 1122 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!hookup!olivea!decwrl!svc.portal.com!usenet
From: dwd@rodel.com
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: WWW Page Moves
Date: 6 Jan 1995 00:47:34 GMT
Organization: Portal Communications (service)
Lines: 9
Message-ID: <3ei3v6$k48@news1.svc.portal.com>
References: <3efmdb$s19@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
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X-Newsreader: AIR News 3.X (SPRY, Inc.)

>  The Beekeeping World Wide Web page is now at:
>  
>  http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html
>>>>
Can anyone tell me how to make the symbol between edu/ and jlks?
 I've tried ommitting it, which doesn't work. 

Thanks!  - Dale



From jvanneste@hort.cri.nz Fri Jan  6 14:17:54 EST 1995
Article: 1123 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!news.starnet.net!wupost!waikato!comp.vuw.ac.nz!news.massey.ac.nz!nikau.palm.cri.nz!rualc98.hort.cri.nz!user
From: jvanneste@hort.cri.nz (Joel Vanneste)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: WWW Page Moves
Date: 6 Jan 1995 02:46:04 GMT
Organization: Hort Research
Lines: 28
Message-ID: <jvanneste-0601951641290001@rualc98.hort.cri.nz>
References: <3efmdb$s19@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3ei3v6$k48@news1.svc.portal.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: 202.36.135.98

In article <3ei3v6$k48@news1.svc.portal.com>, dwd@rodel.com wrote:

> >  The Beekeeping World Wide Web page is now at:
> >  
> >  http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html
> >>>>
> Can anyone tell me how to make the symbol between edu/ and jlks?
>  I've tried ommitting it, which doesn't work. 
> 
> Thanks!  - Dale

On my Macintosh I simply copied the address from your message on the
clipboard, opened NCSA Mosaic, and when requested pasted the address, a
double click et voila.  However, I am not sure that you can do this if you
do not have a Macintosh.

Hope it will work for you.

Cheers

Joel

-- 
Joel Vanneste
Hort Research, Priv. Bag 3123
Hamilton,  New Zealand
Ph  +64-7-838 5078
Fax +64-7-838 5903


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Jan  6 14:17:55 EST 1995
Article: 1124 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
Date: 6 Jan 1995 03:53:15 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 35
Message-ID: <3eierb$cdk@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> <rshough-0501951320470001@rshough.read.tasc.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu

In article <rshough-0501951320470001@rshough.read.tasc.com>,
Rick Hough <rshough@tasc.com> wrote:

>In New England, the prevaling
>attitude is to treat minor AFB outbreaks with medication, and if the
>colonies respond, you are allowed to keep them. If the outbreak is
>severe, or the colonies fail to respond to treatment, they are destroyed
>by fire. The determination of whether a specific situation is "severe"
>or not is left to the discretion of each apiary inspector, so there 
>tends to be a lack of uniformity on the enforcement side of this.
>

  In VA the same scenario exists. When I was an inspector, the good
beekeepers either had no foul or cleared it up quickly.
The lazy/clueless/shiftless beekeepers always had foul, and always had
hives burned. ( I never burned any in two years, although I burned some
equipment at a beekeeper's request)
  VA employs ETOH to to treat comb without destroying it, but I found a few
foul cases with the old VA ETOH stickers on the hives. Its also expensive
for the state and you can only do a few yards a week.
 If you have foulbrood and don't want to mess around, burn the brood comb,
scorch the boxes/tops/bottoms and mark the honey supers, so that next time
you use them they may be queen excluded so that no brood is reared in them
and no AFB may start.
 Lots use mega medication. As a blanket treatment. If they stopped, they'd
break down with AFB everywhere. So what to do?
Buy inspected hives, and anyone who tells you "they used to have 200
hives..." is someone you might not want to deal with.
:)
Adam
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From rspear@primenet.com Fri Jan  6 14:17:56 EST 1995
Article: 1125 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!asuvax!names.maricopa.edu!news.primenet.com!ip207.lax.primenet.com!rspear
From: rspear@primenet.com (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: WWW Page Moves
Date: Thu, 5 Jan 1995 17:51:31 PST
Organization: Primenet
Lines: 19
Message-ID: <rspear.81.00125929@primenet.com>
References: <3efmdb$s19@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3ei3v6$k48@news1.svc.portal.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ip207.lax.primenet.com
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev B final beta #4]

In article <3ei3v6$k48@news1.svc.portal.com> dwd@rodel.com writes:
>From: dwd@rodel.com
>Subject: Re: WWW Page Moves
>Date: 6 Jan 1995 00:47:34 GMT

>>  The Beekeeping World Wide Web page is now at:
>>  
>>  http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html
>>>>>
>Can anyone tell me how to make the symbol between edu/ and jlks?
> I've tried ommitting it, which doesn't work. 

>Thanks!  - Dale

Dale - It's a tilde and it is on every US keyboard I've ever seen (of course, 
Iuse PC's ... don't know about Macs, etc.).

Regards, Richard
rspear@primenet.com


From Ben.Gustafson@f4066.n282.z1.fidonet.org Sat Jan  7 11:11:54 EST 1995
Article: 1126 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: Ben.Gustafson@f4066.n282.z1.fidonet.org (Ben Gustafson)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!scipio.cyberstore.ca!skypoint.com!edgar!uffda!FredGate
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Hi.
Message-ID: <789465369.AA05360@uffda.mn.org>
Date: Wed, 04 Jan 1995 15:46:03 -0600
X-FTN-To: All
Lines: 5

hello ev'ry one... I am only 10, but I help my dad in beekeeping... I am very intrested in this and I wonder if Anyone else is from Minnesota Beekeepers here.. Or Michigan... We have expeirenced that hives that were swarms from different hives that we capture do not survive, Is there anyone else with this problem or and solution?

Ben




From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Sat Jan  7 11:11:55 EST 1995
Article: 1127 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk (Gordon Scott)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
Subject: Re: WWW Page Moves
References: <3efmdb$s19@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3ei3v6$k48@news1.svc.portal.com>
Reply-To: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk
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Date: Sat, 7 Jan 1995 11:04:10 +0000
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Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

In article <3ei3v6$k48@news1.svc.portal.com> dwd@rodel.com  writes:

> >  The Beekeeping World Wide Web page is now at:
> >  
> >  http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html
> >>>>
> Can anyone tell me how to make the [tilde]

If it isn't on your keyboard but you can make characters by their value,
tilde is 7E (hex), 126 (decimal), 176 (octal).  On a PC you can form any
character by holding down the Alt  key  and  typing  whilst  typing  the
decimal  value  on the *numeric* keypad.  The character appears when you
finally release the Alt key.

-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK

Quanti ille canis est in fenestra ?


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Sat Jan  7 21:51:50 EST 1995
Article: 1128 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!library.ucla.edu!news.mic.ucla.edu!news.bc.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: WWW Page Moves
Message-ID: <D21nHA.BsE@cuug.ab.ca>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
References: <3efmdb$s19@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3ei3v6$k48@news1.svc.portal.com> <jvanneste-0601951641290001@rualc98.hort.cri.nz>
Date: Sat, 7 Jan 1995 16:33:58 GMT
Lines: 64

: > Can anyone tell me how to make the symbol between edu/ and jlks?
: >  I've tried ommitting it, which doesn't work. 

It's the tilde (~), the shifted character located above the 'tab' and below 
the 'esc' keys on this particular keyboard.  If you don't have it, you 
may have to remap your keyboard, or keep it somewhere and cut and paste 
it in or:

: On my Macintosh I simply copied the address from your message on the
: clipboard, opened NCSA Mosaic, and when requested pasted the address, a
: double click et voila.  However, I am not sure that you can do this if you
: do not have a Macintosh.

To carry this somewhat off-topic, but fascinating topic one step further:

For Windoze users:

I personally use the clipbook (Windoze 3.11) each time I come across a 
URL of interest and save them up as Clipbook pages (one line per page with 
descriptive titles).

If you don't have a clipbook, just open a notepad. Title it '@urls' or
something that will be easy to find in your windows directory (the
default) and copy and paste URLs -- along with descriptions -- there. 
Keep it open all the time if you have lots of memory and alt/tab or 
alt/esc to it, or just save it and open it only when you need it.

When you need the URL's, just alt/tab to (or open) the notepad and copy
>from  the notepad to clipboard and then paste to the dialog box on your
brouser. 

I had to configure my right mouse button to 'paste' because a lot of
stupid windows applications won't allow you to access the 'edit' menu when
a dialog box is open (bummer).  

I have a logitech trackball (bonus!) and so am not sure anymore what the
original 'mouse' settings in Windows 3.* control panel look like and
offer, but I believe there are ways to assign 'paste' to the right button. 
There is probably a keyboard 'paste' workaround, but don't know if it is
allowed in dialog boxes. 

Of course, you are going to want to have selected 'fast alt/tab switching'
>from  'desktop' in your windows 'control panel' to be able to do anything
at all.  Read the 'help' screen while you are in control panel setting it
up for details. 

Estimates are that 90%+ of Windoze users don't know about this *essential*
Windows feature. 

Then when I'm in Netscape (my brouser), I just paste from the clipbook to
the clipboard and wheee! . . . away we go.  If they don't work, I try
again later, just to be sure the host wasn't just refusing connections at
the moment. 

For those of you condemned to UNIX shell accounts (no PPP, no www):  Have 
you heard of TIA? (simulates SLIP/PPP on UNIX shell accounts).  

Nice to see a few posts over here for a change!


-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                      VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From allend@internode.net Sat Jan  7 21:51:51 EST 1995
Article: 1129 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!insosf1.infonet.net!internet.spss.com!pagesat.net!tcel!usenet
From: allend@internode.net (Allen Dick)
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
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References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> <rshough-0501951320470001@rshough.read.tasc.com>
Date: Sat, 7 Jan 1995 18:09:26 GMT
Lines: 12

>severe, or the colonies fail to respond to treatment, they are destroyed
>by fire. The determination of whether a specific situation is "severe"

There is to my knowledge, no good reason why infected wax should not
be rendered and saved.  Although the spores are not killed in the process,
experiments have shown that there is no risk of infection from the wax,
even if used for foundation.

The largest problem is to ensure that the wax combs, honey etc are 
kept from bee access until rendered.

There is a lot of valuable wax in a box of combs.


From alex@longton.demon.co.uk Sun Jan  8 22:59:26 EST 1995
Article: 1130 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: alex@longton.demon.co.uk ("T. Alex. Shaw.")
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!demon!betanews.demon.co.uk!longton.demon.co.uk!alex
Subject: Re: comb orientation
Distribution: usa
References: <3ecl0e$206@news.doit.wisc.edu> <JM67.95Jan5092600@acmex.gatech.edu>
Organization: home in Stoke on Trent, UK.
Reply-To: alex@longton.demon.co.uk
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Date: Sat, 7 Jan 1995 22:01:06 +0000
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Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

May I digress this discussion a little.  Still on the subject of orientation, 
but not the rotational orientation of the cells, can anyone say which way 
the bees would orientate their comb in a natural environment? 
 
I may align the comb in my National hives in one of two ways.   With the  
frames at a right angle to the entrance (called the `cold' way) or parallel 
with it (the `warm' way). 

 
	   Warm Way			  Cold Way   
	____________			____________ 
	|...........|			|  :  :  :  | 
	|...........|			|  :  :  :  | 
	|...........|			|  :  :  :  | 
	|__________ |			|__:__:__:__| 

	   Entrance			   Entrance 

 
I determine the way in which the bees build by arranging the frames as I  
choose but in nature which way would the bees build or do they have a  
preference? 
 
Someone who has experimented with keeping bees in skeps or has  
experience of removing bees from natural cavities may have formed an idea. 
	 
		 
 
 



-- 

                                                              Regards AleX.


From collinf@crow.csrv.uidaho.edu Sun Jan  8 22:59:27 EST 1995
Article: 1131 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!spool.mu.edu!news.clark.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!owl.csrv.uidaho.edu!crow.csrv.uidaho.edu!collinf
From: collinf@crow.csrv.uidaho.edu (Collin Forbes)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: WWW Page Moves
Date: 8 Jan 1995 09:06:35 GMT
Organization: University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho
Lines: 17
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3eo9us$8mk@owl.csrv.uidaho.edu>
References: <3efmdb$s19@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3ei3v6$k48@news1.svc.portal.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: crow.csrv.uidaho.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

dwd@rodel.com wrote:
: >  http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html

: Can anyone tell me how to make the symbol between edu/ and jlks?
:  I've tried ommitting it, which doesn't work. 

It's what I (and many other people, I'm sure) call a "tilde."

It's ASCII 126 if that helps you (On a PC you can type alt-126 on the
keypad, on a *nix system you may be able to escape it using something
like "\$7E").

--
/'''  Collin Forbes
c oo  collinf@uidaho.edu 
`` > 
 `'`  http://gopher.uidaho.edu/1/users/collinf/


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Sun Jan  8 22:59:28 EST 1995
Article: 1132 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: comb orientation
Message-ID: <D23LF4.Msq@cuug.ab.ca>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
References: <3ecl0e$206@news.doit.wisc.edu> <JM67.95Jan5092600@acmex.gatech.edu> <789516066snz@longton.demon.co.uk>
Distribution: usa
Date: Sun, 8 Jan 1995 17:44:39 GMT
Lines: 22

: but not the rotational orientation of the cells, can anyone say which way 
: the bees would orientate their comb in a natural environment? 
:  
: I determine the way in which the bees build by arranging the frames as I  
: choose but in nature which way would the bees build or do they have a  
: preference? 

I've read that there is no particular favoured orientation.

*However*, the same source indicated that when a hive swarms, the swarm 
will orient the combs to the compass the same way that the parent hive 
was building combs.

I have not verified this -- and I turn hives around in yards with no 
apparent effects, not that I've really made any careful observations.

Interesting question!

-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                      VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com Mon Jan  9 09:54:55 EST 1995
Article: 1133 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!newsserver.jvnc.net!rohvm1!roh033.mah48d
Nntp-Posting-Host: 136.141.220.39
Date: Mon, 9 Jan 1995 07:49:26 -0500
From: roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: usa
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
Message-ID: <roh033.mah48d-090195075046@136.141.220.39>
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> <rshough-0501951320470001@rshough.read.tasc.com> <3eierb$cdk@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 15

In article <3eierb$cdk@solaris.cc.vt.edu>, adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam
Finkelstein) wrote:


>   VA employs ETOH to to treat comb without destroying it, but I found a few
> foul cases with the old VA ETOH stickers on the hives. Its also expensive
> for the state and you can only do a few yards a week.

Adam--by "ETOH" do you mean ethanol, or are you talking about ethylene
oxide?  Or something else entirely?  I had wondered whether ethylene oxide
would be effective in sterilizing hive bodies, and this sounds like an
appropriate time to ask.

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Mon Jan  9 09:54:56 EST 1995
Article: 1134 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swiss.ans.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
Date: 9 Jan 1995 13:11:43 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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Distribution: usa
Message-ID: <3ercmf$be1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> <rshough-0501951320470001@rshough.read.tasc.com> <3eierb$cdk@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <roh033.mah48d-090195075046@136.141.220.39>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu

In article <roh033.mah48d-090195075046@136.141.220.39>,
John E. Taylor III <roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com> wrote:
>In article <3eierb$cdk@solaris.cc.vt.edu>, adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam
>Finkelstein) wrote:
>
>
>Adam--by "ETOH" do you mean ethanol, or are you talking about ethylene
>oxide?  Or something else entirely?  I had wondered whether ethylene oxide
>would be effective in sterilizing hive bodies, and this sounds like an
>appropriate time to ask.
>
 Ooops. ETO. Ethylene oxide.
Pardon me.
Adam
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Mon Jan  9 21:31:25 EST 1995
Article: 1135 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: ETO
Message-ID: <D25Fxz.Gy4@cuug.ab.ca>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
Date: Mon, 9 Jan 1995 17:41:36 GMT
Lines: 38

: Adam--by "ETOH" do you mean ethanol, or are you talking about ethylene
: oxide?  Or something else entirely?  I had wondered whether ethylene oxide
: would be effective in sterilizing hive bodies, and this sounds like an
: appropriate time to ask.

FWIW I've had a truckload of combs I bought done with ETO -- In Manitoba
many many years ago, before our province built an ETO chamber at a cost to
the Alberta taxpayer of $250,000

ETO does not work on anything but empty comb.  *Any* pollen, honey, etc.
stops penetration of the fumes.

Thus, after fumigation, AFB was still there.  I then cleaned it up with 
TM and sulfa (no longer permitted) and it is clean to this day!

TM rules!!

ETO is dangerous to the operator, poisonous, and highly reactive.  We
mothballed our chamber after it was decided that the possible reaction
products remaining in the hives might contaminate honey and wax. It was
also a lot of work and expense for doubtful results.

Bee equipment had also dropped in value to the point where it was not 
economic.

The chamber did, however come in *mighty* useful when a provicial museum was
attacked by moths and they were able to fumigate several floors of
displays and save the priceless clothing, etc.

W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                      VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                      VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Mon Jan  9 21:31:26 EST 1995
Article: 1136 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!cs.utexas.edu!uunet!psinntp!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
Date: Mon, 09 Jan 95 08:28:13 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 19
Message-ID: <173217723S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> <rshough-0501951320470001@rshough.read.tasc.com> <1995Jan7.180926.3284@tcel.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <1995Jan7.180926.3284@tcel.com>
allend@internode.net (Allen Dick) writes:
 
>
>There is to my knowledge, no good reason why infected wax should not
>be rendered and saved.  Although the spores are not killed in the process,
>experiments have shown that there is no risk of infection from the wax,
>even if used for foundation.
>
 
I'vs got to ask, "What experiments?"  If it's true that AFB can't be
transmitted through rendered wax then I'd like to know the source of this
information before I take any chances.  If the spores aren't killed when
the wax is rendered, then how can the wax be safe to use?  My only
experience with AFB left me with the impression that it's not something
that you want to take risks with.  Please give the source for these
experimental findings.  Thanks.
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Mon Jan  9 21:31:27 EST 1995
Article: 1137 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
Date: 9 Jan 1995 21:18:35 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 22
Message-ID: <3es97b$bgu@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> <1995Jan7.180926.3284@tcel.com> <173217723S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <D25oxo.7no@cuug.ab.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu

In article <D25oxo.7no@cuug.ab.ca>,
Allen Dick 546-2588 <dicka@cuug.ab.ca> wrote:
>
>I don't know whether rendering trmperatures just weaken the spores, or
>maybe the french frying during melting chokes them with wax in their pores
>(if they have any) or what.  Maybe the spores are stuck inside the wax 
>and can't get to the larvae in sufficient numbers to get anything going.  
>It takes more than one spore to cause an infection I believe -- and 
>please don't ask *me* to look it up :-).
>

 Sounds plausible. 
I'll try to find the articles this week and if I do, I'll post the bib.
info.

 Look for the upcoming faq.
Adam
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Tue Jan 10 16:45:02 EST 1995
Article: 1138 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!kinky.eng.gtefsd.com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
Message-ID: <D25oxo.7no@cuug.ab.ca>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> <rshough-0501951320470001@rshough.read.tasc.com> <1995Jan7.180926.3284@tcel.com> <173217723S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
Date: Mon, 9 Jan 1995 20:55:48 GMT
Lines: 45

Aaron Morris (SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu) wrote:
: In article <1995Jan7.180926.3284@tcel.com>
: allend@internode.net (Allen Dick) writes:
:  
: >
: >There is to my knowledge, no good reason why infected wax should not
: >be rendered and saved.  Although the spores are not killed in the process,
: >experiments have shown that there is no risk of infection from the wax,
: >even if used for foundation.
: >
:  
: I'vs got to ask, "What experiments?"  If it's true that AFB can't be
: transmitted through rendered wax then I'd like to know the source of this
: information before I take any chances.  If the spores aren't killed when
: the wax is rendered, then how can the wax be safe to use?  My only
: experience with AFB left me with the impression that it's not something
: that you want to take risks with.  Please give the source for these
: experimental findings.  Thanks.

Well, I don't know offhand -- It's been many years since I've even given 
the matter much thought -- it's sort of like walking or riding a bike.

So, short of taking out a text and doing research that doesn't really 
interest me, I can't help you there.

However the real proof (experiment) is that diseased wax is rendered every
day in North America and made into foundation that beekeepers who don't
believe in medication or buying used equipment then put into their hives
and have drawn into perfectly healthy combs. 

I don't know whether rendering trmperatures just weaken the spores, or
maybe the french frying during melting chokes them with wax in their pores
(if they have any) or what.  Maybe the spores are stuck inside the wax 
and can't get to the larvae in sufficient numbers to get anything going.  
It takes more than one spore to cause an infection I believe -- and 
please don't ask *me* to look it up :-).

I maintain that ABF is a disease that just barely makes it through its
window of opportunity.  If anything delays its development, it just
doesn't happen.  (That's how/why drugs work on it). 

-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                      VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From tuckey@cpsc.ucalgary.ca Tue Jan 10 16:45:03 EST 1995
Article: 1139 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!darkstar.UCSC.EDU!news.hal.COM!decwrl!tribune.usask.ca!quartz.ucs.ualberta.ca!news.ucalgary.ca!cpsc.ucalgary.ca!usenet
From: Charles Tuckey <tuckey@cpsc.ucalgary.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: ETO
Date: 10 Jan 1995 16:02:54 GMT
Organization: University of Calgary CPSC
Lines: 31
Message-ID: <3eub3e$iuc@linux.cpsc.ucalgary.ca>
References: <D25Fxz.Gy4@cuug.ab.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: gg.cpsc.ucalgary.ca

dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588) wrote:

> ETO does not work on anything but empty comb.  *Any* pollen, honey, etc.
> stops penetration of the fumes.
This is true...

> 
> ETO is dangerous to the operator, poisonous, and highly reactive.  We
> mothballed our chamber after it was decided that the possible reaction
> products remaining in the hives might contaminate honey and wax. It was
> also a lot of work and expense for doubtful results.
I was the operator of the Alberta fumigation chamber (so many years ago!)
that Allen refers to. We had to be careful when using ETO but the chamber
we were using was well designed and the danger to the operator was 
minimal. Certainly no more dangerous than using cyanide gas to kill bees 
(a common practice in Alberta at that time). 

It was my experience that
the ETO was *extremely* effective in getting rid of AFB when it was
applied properly. Beekeepers were told to extract their combs so that
they contained no honey. The combs to be fumigated were put into the
fumigation chamber, heated and moistened. A vacuum was drawn on the 
chamber and then the ETO gas was injected. If memory serves this process
was repeated. It was a time consuming process; it could take from 6-8
hours to process one batch.

In the case that I am familiar with an infestation of AFB in 1000
colonies was eradicated with one application of ETO (followed up
with TM). This was after TM alone failed to provide a solution.

charlie


From killoran@ll.mit.edu Tue Jan 10 16:45:04 EST 1995
Article: 1140 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news2.near.net!llnews.ll.mit.edu!usenet
From: killoran@ll.mit.edu (Mike Killoran)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Order, family, genus, etc question
Date: 10 Jan 1995 19:17:02 GMT
Organization: MIT Lincoln Lab -- Lexington, MA
Lines: 18
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <KILLORAN.95Jan10141702@gourock.llan>


A simple question for one in the know:

An Italian bee may be called by its scientific name.  What are the
parts?  E.g., is Apis the order?

  ?     ?          ?

  |     |          |
  |     |          |
Apis Mellifera Ligustica


	Thanks!
--
Mike Killoran                            Zen says:
killoran@ll.mit.edu                  Cease to do evil,
(617) 981-2667 (Lexington, MA USA)    Try to do good.


From rspear@primenet.com Tue Jan 10 22:15:11 EST 1995
Article: 1141 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!news.primenet.com!ip242.lax.primenet.com!rspear
From: rspear@primenet.com (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Order, family, genus, etc question
Date: Tue, 10 Jan 1995 16:24:59 PST
Organization: Primenet
Lines: 27
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <rspear.95.00228220@primenet.com>
References: <KILLORAN.95Jan10141702@gourock.llan>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ip242.lax.primenet.com
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev B final beta #4]

In article <KILLORAN.95Jan10141702@gourock.llan> killoran@ll.mit.edu (Mike Killoran) writes:
>From: killoran@ll.mit.edu (Mike Killoran)
>Subject: Order, family, genus, etc question
>Date: 10 Jan 1995 19:17:02 GMT


>A simple question for one in the know:

>An Italian bee may be called by its scientific name.  What are the
>parts?  E.g., is Apis the order?

>  ?     ?          ?

>  |     |          |
>  |     |          |
>Apis Mellifera Ligustica
[deletions]

Mike - It's 

Genera species (V)variety

Species name is not capitalized ... variety may be (proper name, e.g.)

Hope this helps.
Regards, Richard
rspear@primenet.com


From pollinator@aol.com Wed Jan 11 14:45:56 EST 1995
Article: 1142 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!swiss.ans.net!newstf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Order, family, genus, etc question
Date: 10 Jan 1995 23:03:29 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 20
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <3evlah$7uv@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
References: <KILLORAN.95Jan10141702@gourock.llan>
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)

Mike Killoran asks:
>A simple question for one in the know:

An Italian bee may be called by its scientific name.  What are the
parts?  E.g., is Apis the order?

  ?     ?          ?

  |     |          |
  |     |          |
Apis Mellifera Ligustica<

(Order) Hymenoptera, (Family) Apidae, (Genus) Apis, (Species) Mellifera,
(Race) Ligustica.

Hope this helps.

Pollinator@aol.com
Dave Green, Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC 
29554


From moroney@world.std.com Wed Jan 11 14:45:57 EST 1995
Article: 1143 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!insosf1.infonet.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!news.mathworks.com!hookup!uwm.edu!spool.mu.edu!olivea!uunet!world!moroney
From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: comb orientation
Message-ID: <BrV4laE96RT7071yn@world.std.com>
Sender: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
References: <3ecl0e$206@news.doit.wisc.edu> <JM67.95Jan5092600@acmex.gatech.edu> <789516066snz@longton.demon.co.uk>
Distribution: usa
Date: Tue, 10 Jan 1995 03:21:47 GMT
Lines: 12

In article <789516066snz@longton.demon.co.uk>,
alex@longton.demon.co.uk ("T. Alex. Shaw.") wrote:
> May I digress this discussion a little.  Still on the subject of orientation, 
> but not the rotational orientation of the cells, can anyone say which way 
> the bees would orientate their comb in a natural environment? 
>  
> I may align the comb in my National hives in one of two ways.   With the  
> frames at a right angle to the entrance (called the `cold' way) or parallel 
> with it (the `warm' way). 

>From  a sample of one (a honeybee colony I removed from the rafters of my barn)
the warm way.


From rshough@tasc.com Mon Jan 16 13:01:10 EST 1995
Article: 1144 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsfeed.pitt.edu!uunet!newsserver.tasc.com!newsserver.read.tasc.com!rshough.read.tasc.com!user
From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: WWW Page Moves
Date: Wed, 11 Jan 1995 17:24:42 -0500
Organization: TASC
Lines: 36
Message-ID: <rshough-1101951724420001@rshough.read.tasc.com>
References: <3efmdb$s19@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3ei3v6$k48@news1.svc.portal.com> <789476650snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rshough.read.tasc.com

In article <789476650snz@apis.demon.co.uk>, Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk wrote:

> In article <3ei3v6$k48@news1.svc.portal.com> dwd@rodel.com  writes:
> 
> > >  The Beekeeping World Wide Web page is now at:
> > >  
> > >  http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html
> > >>>>
> > Can anyone tell me how to make the [tilde]
> 
> If it isn't on your keyboard but you can make characters by their value,
> tilde is 7E (hex), 126 (decimal), 176 (octal).  On a PC you can form any
> character by holding down the Alt  key  and  typing  whilst  typing  the
> decimal  value  on the *numeric* keypad.  The character appears when you
> finally release the Alt key.
> 

You can "escape" special characters directly in the URL by using the percent
character, followed by the special character's hex value. This means that you
can get to the Beekeeping WWW page thusly:

http://weber.u.washington.edu/%7Ejlks/bee.html

Also, on my Mac keyboard, the tilde is in the top left corner, a "capital
backwards single quote" (the description makes sense if you are looking at
the keyboard!) The tilde is in the same spot on many PC keyboards.

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion. Similarity to anyone else's
opinion is pure coincidence.


From JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu Mon Jan 16 13:01:12 EST 1995
Article: 1145 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.cac.psu.edu!psuvm!jvf101
Organization: Penn State University
Date: Wed, 11 Jan 1995 16:02:45 EST
From: Jennifer Finley <JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu>
Message-ID: <95011.160245JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: comb orientation
Distribution: usa
References: <3ecl0e$206@news.doit.wisc.edu>
 <JM67.95Jan5092600@acmex.gatech.edu> <789516066snz@longton.demon.co.uk>
Lines: 28

Alex had asked whether bees show a preference in building their comb the
cold way (at right angles to the entrance) or the warm way (parallel
with the entrance)...

Here at Penn State, we've collected around a dozen or so feral tree
hives to use as various demostration pieces in our apiary and insect
museum.  All of the feral hives that I have ever seen all have the combs
aligned "the cold way" -- that is so that the bee spaces connect
directly with the entrance space.  It makes sense to me considering the
ease of entry and exit, especially during busy honey flows.  And even
though "the cold way" seems to us like it would be colder and draftier,
I'm sure the bees find it quite tolerable -- the heating and
airconditioning specialists that they are!

Do you notice any differences between your "warm way" hives and "cold
way" hives?  Once we had a tremendous amount of trouble (3 sets of bees
absconded) starting a large tree observation hive (the whole front is
plexiglass).  Weeks later, we tried again in a last ditch effort with a
fourth set of bees, even though our starter comb had been completely
eaten by wax moths.  These bees promptly moved in and began building
comb THE OPPOSITE WAY from what we had been encouraging with our stater
comb.  Since this hive has a three inch entrance tube in a very windy
location, WE thought the "warm way" combs would be better, but three
sets of bees told us we were wrong and the fourth set built comb the way
THEY wanted it -- the cold way!  After we stopped argueing with them,
the colony did very well!

Jennifer Finley Penn State Entomology


From lbjostad@lamar.colostate.edu Mon Jan 16 13:01:13 EST 1995
Article: 1146 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!purdue!yuma!usenet
From: Lou Bjostad <lbjostad@lamar.colostate.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Beekeepers of Renown
Date: 12 Jan 1995 16:49:16 GMT
Organization: Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO  80523
Lines: 13
Message-ID: <3f3mic$1pf6@yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU>
References: <3f3er3$9sv@nic.umass.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bjostad1.agsci.colostate.edu

rebon@titan.oit.umass.edu (RICHARD E BONNEY) wrote:
>
> There is another category as well. I understand that A I Root was an 
> observer at Kittyhawk for the first Wright Brothers flight. Any other 
> such tidbits?

I don't think this is quite right.  As I recall from one of Tom 
Crouch's books on history of aviation, Root first saw the Wright 
Bros. fly in Dayton, in 1905.  Root's claim to fame is that his 
story in "Gleanings in Bee Culture" about their flights was the 
first publication of what the Wrights were up to.




From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Mon Jan 16 13:01:14 EST 1995
Article: 1147 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!iat.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: AFB research Articles (was: Re: American foulbrood)
Date: Thu, 12 Jan 1995 02:34:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950112084511722@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 93        


 |-----------------|Adamf@vtaix.Cc.Vt.Edu (adam Finkelstein)refer#: None
> Looking through the Apicultural Abstracts I found two articles that are
>sort of relevant to this topic.
>
> (In Russian)
>_Don't allow spreading of honeybee foul brood disease through wax
>refineries_, Smirnov, A.M., _Veterinariya_,(5):92-94 (1966).
>
> " Data are provided to show the survival of _Bacillus larvae_, _B.alvei_,
>and the two species together in wax, wax residues, washing water etc. at
>various stages in the refining process."
>
> _Preserving beehive parts with paraffin wax_, Cook, V.A., _N.Z. Jl.
>Agric._, 117 (1): 60-61; 63,65 (1968).
>
> " Immersion for 2 minutes at about 316 degrees F (158 degrees C ) was
>sufficient to sterilize equipment taken from hives infected with _Bacillus
>larvae_."
>
> Draw you own conclusions.
>adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ____________________________________________________
 |-------------------------------------|

 Hello All,

   Not to minimize the danger AFB is to a beehive or beekeepers. It may
be true that some or many spores may be left over after most any scheme
to sterilize equipment. But it is also true that the bees have a certain
resistance to these spores, and even after a boiling lye bath AFB spores
can be found, but in hundreds if not hundreds of thousands of practical
tests no colonies or very few colonies will be re-infected by using this
equipment, and the same can be said of wax foundation that may have
originated from hives with AFB. No creditable evidence has been
presented that the use of todays foundation has caused one case of AFB,
as far as I know.

  IMHO, Where it is permitted the regular use of TM should be part of
every beekeepers prophylaxis treatment of his bees in the early spring.
The increase in healthy brood even in hives with NO signs of disease is
worth the cost. The most costly common disease in many areas of America
is EFB, EFB can be prevented, and TM must be present at the start of
brood rearing. Beekeepers who feed sugar syrup or protein diets, or can
dust bees early with what ever and include TM will be rewarded by fewer
problems later on.

   This resistance to AFB demonstrated in all manner of field conditions
may be the quantitative number of spores needed to kill any one larva,
or the fact that many hives will remove spontaneous low levels of
infection. Or it could be that spores in honey that is ingested by bees
pose a grater degree of danger to a larger number of larvae then spores
that may be on hive parts or wax.

   A few people, me included, believe AFB, is a most dangerous
disease because it will kill the bee colonies if not abated, at the
same time we believe that AFB is more a disease of beekeepers then
bees. I say that because seldom in any one beekeepers experience does
one find AFB in feral hives, and the beekeepers compulsion to save
diseased hives and equipment at any cost or risk and to almost always
place the blame for any disease found in his own equipment on the poor
beekeeping skills of his neighbor, sometimes hundreds of miles away.

   Many beekeepers understand and promote that their bees are a bio
sampler of the environment, and this is sometimes sadly true with
agricultural chemicals, and environmental pollution of every kind. We
accept this as part of the grand plan. Another part of the plan may be
we will be continently threatened by pests, predators, and disease that
our bees are host to.

   If todays challenge to keep bees alive and healthy seem large, just
wait awhile. I believe America is about to learn more about viruses,
(what they can do to bees), in a relative short span of time that will
make all else seem like wonderful diversions. A beekeepers life span in
the industry is rather long, maybe 45+ years. Today those with a
lifetime of experience are reporting losses in the 50%-80% range. None
of these people ever expected to work 40+ years and have these kind of
losses. None are BAD beekeepers, all are SAD.

ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
³          BEE-C-IN-U Andy-           ³
³               \     /               ³
³           \    O ^ O    /           ³
³             \ ( < > ) /             ³
³  _____________(( ” ))____________   ³
³ (     /   /  (=”=====)  \   \     ) ³
³ (___/___/__/ (=====”=) \__\___\___) ³
³    (     /  /(=======)\  \     )    ³
³     (__/___/ (=======) \___\__)     ³
³             /(=”=====)\             ³
³      ”    /   (=====)   \           ³
³ varroa mites   (===)     The Deadly ³
³                  |    Hitch Hikers  ³
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ--Ù


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Mon Jan 16 13:01:15 EST 1995
Article: 1148 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: WE'RE IN !!
Date: 12 Jan 1995 22:43:56 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 25
Message-ID: <3f4bbc$hta@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <95011222000539@posnet.co.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu

In article <95011222000539@posnet.co.uk>,
Hugo Veerkamp <hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk> wrote:
>
>The European Beenet proudly announces that we
>have finally been able to locate a feed for
>this newsgroup, so that we can keep in touch
>here too
>( after also connecting Bee_l and Bombus-L)
>

Yay! Welcome aboard beekeeping brothers and sisters!
Not to sound too goopy, but I am really excited you have a newsfeed.
Terrific.

Hugo and the European beenet folks have been trying to get USENET news for
awhile. 
Great!

Adam
(your .signature looks fine) 
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Mon Jan 16 13:01:16 EST 1995
Article: 1149 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: AFB research Articles (was: Re: American foulbrood)
Date: 11 Jan 1995 18:59:43 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 39
Message-ID: <3f19qv$kn8@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> <1995Jan7.180926.3284@tcel.com> <173217723S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <D25oxo.7no@cuug.ab.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
Keywords: American Foulbrood, afb, wax, brood disease.

In article <D25oxo.7no@cuug.ab.ca>,
Allen Dick 546-2588 <dicka@cuug.ab.ca> wrote:
>Aaron Morris (SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu) wrote:
>: In article <1995Jan7.180926.3284@tcel.com>
>: allend@internode.net (Allen Dick) writes:
>
>Well, I don't know offhand -- It's been many years since I've even given 
>the matter much thought -- it's sort of like walking or riding a bike.
>
>So, short of taking out a text and doing research that doesn't really 
>interest me, I can't help you there.

 Looking through the Apicultural Abstracts I found two articles that are
sort of relevant to this topic.

 (In Russian)
_Don't allow spreading of honeybee foul brood disease through wax
refineries_, Smirnov, A.M., _Veterinariya_,(5):92-94 (1966).

 " Data are provided to show the survival of _Bacillus larvae_, _B.alvei_,
and the two species together in wax, wax residues, washing water etc. at
various stages in the refining process."

 _Preserving beehive parts with paraffin wax_, Cook, V.A., _N.Z. Jl.
Agric._, 117 (1): 60-61; 63,65 (1968).

 " Immersion for 2 minutes at about 316 degrees F (158 degrees C ) was
sufficient to sterilize equipment taken from hives infected with _Bacillus
larvae_."

 Draw you own conclusions.
 I'm confused.
Adam 

-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk Mon Jan 16 13:01:17 EST 1995
Article: 1150 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!ibmpcug!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!posnet!hugo.veerkamp
From: hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk (Hugo Veerkamp)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: WE'RE IN !!
Date: Mon,  9 Jan 1995 20:46:01 GMT
Message-ID: <95011222000539@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 64        

hi Adam

(and all you other
sci.agriculture.beekeepers out there)


The European Beenet proudly announces that we
have finally been able to locate a feed for
this newsgroup, so that we can keep in touch
here too
( after also connecting Bee_l and Bombus-L)

Our Beenet England host, Steve Turner of
Amigabee London imports the newsgroup locally
and then exports it to the BEE  bbs Amsterdam,
>from  where it can travel all over Europe.

Another valuable connection is made
( have a cigar!)
Glad to be finally with you.

Hugo


For starters I'd like to discuss the value
of the results about Chalkbrood disease
producing linolic acid which seems to suppress
Foulbrood.
(Shimanuki,H.:'Bee fungus leads to new control
for foulbrood disease',ABJ 133(10):701(1993)  )
Trteating with linolic acid probably shares the
disadvantages of standard tetracycline treatments
(foulbrood not breaking out, which allows spores
to remain and form a source for further epidemic
outbreaks..)

Or are there other things to be said in favour of
linolic acid treatments ?
( what we need is a way to kill both bacteria
and spores, while leaving bees alive)

sincerely, Hugo

               \|/
               @ @          Hugo Veerkamp
 ----------oOO-(_)-OOo---------------------------------------------
|                          BEENET INTERNATIONAL                    |
| E-mail :                              | mail : the Bee bbs       |
| Hugo.Veerkamp@f28.n2801.z2.fidonet.org|        P.O. BOX 51008    |
|      ( or press reply button)         |        1007EA AMSTERDAM  |
|                                       |        The Netherlands   |
| Beenet : 240:31/0                     | modem: +31 20 6764105    |
| Fidonet: 2:2801/28                    | voice: +31 20 6715663    |
 ------------------------------------------------------------------


b.t.w.: can anyone tell me if my signature
( above) makes it through all our gates
and routings ? thanx, H.

--- FMail 0.96â+
 * Origin: zzz the BEE bbs Amsterdam Holland +31 20 6764105 zzz (240:231/100)


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Mon Jan 16 13:01:18 EST 1995
Article: 1151 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: AFB research Articles (was: Re: American foulbrood)
Message-ID: <D2B0tL.8Dp@cuug.ab.ca>
Date: Thu, 12 Jan 1995 18:03:21 GMT
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> <1995Jan7.180926.3284@tcel.com> <173217723S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <D25oxo.7no@cuug.ab.ca> <3f19qv$kn8@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL0]
Lines: 43


:  (In Russian)
: _Don't allow spreading of honeybee foul brood disease through wax
: refineries_, Smirnov, A.M., _Veterinariya_,(5):92-94 (1966).

:  " Data are provided to show the survival of _Bacillus larvae_, _B.alvei_,
: and the two species together in wax, wax residues, washing water etc. at
: various stages in the refining process."

:  _Preserving beehive parts with paraffin wax_, Cook, V.A., _N.Z. Jl.
: Agric._, 117 (1): 60-61; 63,65 (1968).

:  " Immersion for 2 minutes at about 316 degrees F (158 degrees C ) was
: sufficient to sterilize equipment taken from hives infected with _Bacillus
: larvae_."

I'd be curious about the vigor and viability  of the spores after wax 
rendering.  I know they (can) survive, and mentioned that in my original 
post.

However the question is: can they -- in any likelihood -- infect a healthy 
hive when present only in foundation?

As far as I can recall, the answer is 'no' -- not in any probability. I
personally put about 1,000 (comb) supers a year of fresh foundation (from
known renderers of diseased combs) onto unmedicated hives.  The comb is
for export and tested to the limit of technology (and beyond) for *any*
antibiotic activity and cannot say I recall seeing any unusual breakdown
og AFB as a result. 

(By the way, I have several hundred like new Ross Round supers for sale 
-- I'm cutting back a bit)

I'd be curious what the Russian study actually says, and if it has any 
credibility.  It could well just be saying: "Don't run the wash water out 
on the ground where bees will pick it up and take it home, but the wax is 
safe".???

Or it could be saying "no hazard".  Somehow, I doubt the latter, tho'.
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                      VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From rebon@titan.oit.umass.edu Mon Jan 16 13:01:19 EST 1995
Article: 1152 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.mathworks.com!news.kei.com!nntp.et.byu.edu!news.mtholyoke.edu!news.umass.edu!nic.umass.edu!titan.oit.umass.edu!rebon
From: rebon@titan.oit.umass.edu (RICHARD E BONNEY)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeepers of Renown
Date: 12 Jan 1995 14:37:23 GMT
Organization: University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Lines: 16
Message-ID: <3f3er3$9sv@nic.umass.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: titan.oit.umass.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

I have had a query for which I have no answer. Who was the well known 
individual (perhaps Winston Churchill) who had experience with honey 
bees,or perhaps with bee lining, and wrote a booklet about it? I'm sure 
there are actually many well known people with bee experience, but who 
are they? 

There is another category as well. I understand that A I Root was an 
observer at Kittyhawk for the first Wright Brothers flight. Any other 
such tidbits?

The person who posed the question to me is a beekeeper who gives popular 
talks on bees and beekeeping to the public. Anything you can come up with 
will be appreciated.

Dick Bonney
rebon@ent.umass.edu 


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Mon Jan 16 13:01:20 EST 1995
Article: 1153 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!uwvax!uchinews!msunews!netnews.upenn.edu!newsserver.jvnc.net!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!hookup!newshost.marcam.com!insosf1.infonet.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: _Apis_ Magazine 1/95
Date: 12 Jan 1995 23:58:26 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 252
Message-ID: <3f4fn2$m1k@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
Keywords: bee, beekeeping, apis, sanford, honeybee

 
            Florida Extension Beekeeping Newsletter
    Apis--Apicultural Information and Issues (ISSN 0889-3764)
                Volume 13, Number 1, January 1995
 
      Copyright (c) 1995 M.T. Sanford "All Rights Reserved"
 
                      FLORIDA BEE MEETINGS
 
     Two educational bee meetings will be held in Florida in late
winter.  Archbold Biological Station has been scheduled for a
meeting to be held by beekeepers from New York on Saturday,
February 11, 1995.  Dr. Roger Morse of Cornell University has
organized an informative program which will provide basic
information about Florida beekeeping, as well as help beekeepers
exchange ideas concerning commercial pollination (i.e. hauling bees
in refrigerated trucks).   Dr. H. Shimanuki, research leader of the
USDA Bee Laboratory in Beltsville, MD will be present to discuss
current ideas about bee disease.  The meeting is open to all
beekeepers, is scheduled from 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. and there is
no registration fee.  However, participants are asked to bring
their lunch to the station which is somewhat off the beaten path.
 
      Archbold Biological Station is about seven miles south of
Lake Placid, FL.  The station's entrance can be found by going one
mile west on Route 70 from the junction between Route 70 and Hwy
17, followed by one and a half miles south on Old State Route 8.
The auditorium is about half a mile from the entrance.  The phone
number is 813/465-2571.
 
     A seminar on backyard beekeeping for pollination and honey
will be held Saturday, February 25, 1995 at the Clay County
Cooperative Extension Service.  The site is the Exhibition
Building, 4 miles west of Green Cove Springs at 2463 State Road
16W.  The program will begin at 9:00 a.m. and end at 5:00 p.m.  A
$10.00 charge covers refreshments, teaching materials and a catered
lunch on site.  This fee must be paid by February 23, 1995; pre-
registration is required.  Those wanting more detailed information,
and persons requiring special accommodations due to disability,
should contact 904/269-6355, 904/284-6355 or 904/473-3711.
 
                    APIMONDIA IN SWITZERLAND
 
     I am in receipt of the second circular advertising the thirty-
fourth International World Apicultural Congress to be held August
15-19, 1995 in Lausanne, Switzerland.  This promises to be a
meeting rich in information (beekeeping economy, bee biology, bee
pathology, melliferous flora and pollination, beekeeping technology
and equipment, apitherapy and developmental apiculture).  The
scenery will also be spectacular (on the north bank of Lake
Geneva).  Deadline to register for the hotel as listed in the
brochure is June 20, 1995.  For more information, contact Apimondia
95, Agence de voyage officielle, Ernst Marti SA, CH-3283
Kallnach/Suisse, tel. +41 32 820 111; fax +41 32 822 123; telex 934
236.
 
             BREEDING PROGRAMS; HAS THEIR TIME COME?
 
     The beekeeping industry is increasingly faced with the lack of
"tools" (various chemicals) to fight diseases and pests.  And those
that are available cost more each year in real dollars, as well as
time and labor to apply.  It looks more and more like the solution
for many of these problems must have a genetic component.  Breeding
programs, therefore, are being looked at carefully and taken more
seriously than in the past.   Traditionally, many beekeepers have
resisted paying higher prices for the queens produced by these
efforts.  Queen breeding is an expensive enterprise and can be
fraught with many obstacles.  These were discussed in some detail
in the September 1992 issue of APIS.
 
     Perhaps as a consequence of the costs and complexities
involved, many breeding programs cannot be sustained over time.
There are some notable exceptions, however.  One of these is Hybri-
Bees, the Florida program that was preceded by Genetic Systems.
The genesis of Hybri-Bees was the Illinois breeding program that
produced the Starline and Midnight varieties, hybrid lines
originally developed under the guidance of Bud Cale and Dadant &
Sons.  Over the years, the breeding effort changed direction and
focus, but its survival is a testimony that at least some
beekeepers were committed enough to the stock to sustain it through
some very trying times.
 
     Detection of the tracheal mite and subsequent quarantines
placed on Florida queens in the early 1980s dealt a great blow to
Hybri-Bees, as they did to other bee breeders in the state.  With
time, however, a recovery has begun.  According to an article in
The Speedy Bee (November 1994), Hybri-Bees has reorganized and
relocated to Dade City, FL.  This move is coincident with a
reduction in breeder-queen price to $300.00, removal of royalty
payments on all stock (except USDA ARS-Y-C-1), and license to use
the Starline and Midnight logo for one year from date of purchase.
 
     Mr. Dean M. Breaux is the new executive vice president of
Hybri-Bees, Inc., 11140 Fernway Lane, Dade City, FL 33525, ph
904/521-0164.  In a recent conversation with Mr. Breaux, I learned
that he plans to help cooperators in the program retune their
genetic selection toward honey production.  Each season, he will
ship out breeder queens to large-scale cooperators, who will
evaluate the stock and return to him selected individuals for
further breeding efforts.  In this way, he hopes to develop several
closed populations of bees, which will benefit specific producers.
This will be a departure from the philosophy that built the
Starline and Midnight reputations; developing specific lines of
bees that were crossed to produce hybrids.
 
     The Starline and Midnight hybrids were not designed to be
self-regenerating; the concept was for beekeepers to continually
requeen with hybrids produced by the program.  Over the years, this
had varied success.  Although the program's concept is changing,
Mr. Breaux said that the Hybri-Bees program will still be based to
a great degree on the genetic material incorporated into the stock
over many decades.  As a consequence, beekeepers should continue to
see some of the same characteristics they have so long favored in
these stocks.
 
     The concept of selecting for honey production may not be as
"sexy" or in vogue as selecting for disease and pest resistance.
But this kind of breeding design can be cost-effective.  By
definition, bees that are riddled with diseases or pests will not
produce more honey.   Selecting for this trait, therefore, is
probably the result of a number of good genetic characteristics.
It's the kind of approach discussed by Dr. Walter Rothenbuhler in
"Necessary Links in the Chain of Honey Bee Stock Improvement,"
American Bee Journal, Vol. 120, Nos. 3 and 4, pp. 223-5, 304-5.
 
     Acknowledging the potential cost and complexity of any bee
breeding project, Dr. Rothenbuhler asked rhetorically in his
article whether there would be room for smaller, less expensive
operations.  His answer was yes, provided someone assumed overall
management responsibilities.  Some of the decisions and actions
that must be made in perhaps the simplest of these plans, according
to Dr. Rothenbuhler, are:
 
1.  What region of the country is the bee to be developed for?
Conduct field tests in the region in a practical way.
 
2.  What bee characteristic is to be improved?  For simplicity,
select one.  Honey production is suggested.
 
3.  How many colonies are to be tested in each generation?  Keep
the number small, but not too small.  Fifty colonies is suggested.
 
4.  What percentage of the fifty are to be selected for further
breeding?  Ten percent is suggested.
 
5.  Should new queens be naturally or instrumentally inseminated?
Natural mating in a large population of drones, from other than the
queen mothers, is suggested.
 
6.  Send fifty naturally mated queens to the honey producer for
field testing.
 
7.  Continue this procedure for several generations.
 
8.  Learn whether progress has been made by comparing in the same
apiary the newly bred stock with samples of commercially available
stocks.
 
9.  If the newly bred stock is superior, the queen producer or
producers will make it commercially available.
 
     Such a plan, according to Dr. Rothenbuhler, concentrating on
selecting only drone mothers, should result in stock improvement
about half as fast as if both parents were selected.  The design is
simple, not costly and can be carried out by good beekeepers.  One
can build, he concludes, any number of more complex and efficient
programs, but they increasingly must be carried out by people and
organizations specially prepared to do so.
 
     Although bee breeding programs are important, they are only
part of the answer when it comes to the many beekeeping problems
facing the industry today.  And it is dangerous to focus totally on
this aspect in favor of other considerations.  That is the view of
Dr. Michael Burgett, writing in the January 1995 (Vol. 123, No. 1,
pp. 58-60) Bee Culture.  He suggests that genetic solutions are
problematic, especially if they are considered a quick-fix to what
ails the beekeeper.  As Dr. Burgett says:
 
"A genetically selected (designed) honey bee line is by most
genetic definitions, a hybrid constructed from crosses manipulated
by bee scientists.  It is not genetically 'fixed' and without
continual human intervention, the qualities of the line will be
eventually lost when those queens are placed into hives.  Why?
Because most beekeepers do not requeen frequently enough.  Because
many newly requeened colonies will undergo supersedure without the
beekeeper's knowledge.  Because those supersedure queens will be
mating with drones from local (unselected) stock.  Because a single
selected line cannot be well adapted for all the beekeeping
conditions found in North America."
 
     For all of the above reasons, Dr. Burgett says, there is no
possibility of a genetic quick-fix honey bee breeding program,
characterized by an open, multiple-male mating system.  In spite of
this, Dr. Burgett doesn't advocate stopping the search for and
development of improved lines of bees.  The genetic solution when
found, however, cannot stand alone, he concludes, but must be part
of a generally improved system of beekeeping practice.
 
                    1995 BEEKEEPING CALENDAR
 
     Continuing a long tradition, the North Carolina State
Beekeepers Association is selling its 1995 calendar for $6.00 (send
check or money order to NCSBA, 1403 Varsity Dr., Raleigh, NC
27606).  Authored by Stephen Bambara, the calendar is sure to help
you schedule your beekeeping chores.  It's written with an eye for
North Carolina conditions, of course, but there's plenty of other
information if you're not interested in what's happening each month
in the coastal plain, piedmont or mountains of the tarheel state.
In July, there's discussion of the arrival of the "golden bee" in
America; the native bumble bee's lifestyle is portrayed in August.
There are even recipes and tips about cooking with honey.
 
     My favorite topic of the month (November), right in tune with
the bee breeding theme of the previous article, is the linguometer,
developed in the 1880s by John H. Martin of Hartford, NY.  This
instrument was advertised to determine the potential "reach" of
each bee into the long-corolla of red clover flowers, much in vogue
by farmers in that era.  According to an article in the Beekeepers'
Magazine (May 1882):  "If we wish to breed for the reaching power,
this instrument will enable us to do so without trusting blindly to
the development of this quality.  A general trial with a correct
instrument will soon teach us if large yields of honey from certain
swarms is dependent on this quality of the bees.  It will also tell
us if climate makes a difference in this reaching power."
 
     The inventor concludes that his bee's tongue tester
"...occupies but a few minutes of time and the tongues of any honey
loving insect from a fly to a bumble bee can be measured."  Always
the optimist, Mr. Martin admits to designing the instrument so that
it could measure up to a full inch, "in anticipation of the arrival
of Apis dorsata."
 
 
Sincerely,
 
 
Malcolm T. Sanford
Bldg 970, Box 110620
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611-0620
Phone (904) 392-1801, Ext. 143
FAX: 904-392-0190
BITNET Address: MTS@IFASGNV; INTERNET Address: MTS@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU
APIS on the World Wide Web--
http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu/~entweb/apis/apis.htm
Copyright (c) M.T. Sanford 1995  "All Rights Reserved"

-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From p.kerr@auckland.ac.nz Mon Jan 16 13:01:21 EST 1995
Article: 1154 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!swrinde!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!ames!waikato!auckland.ac.nz!NewsWatcher!user
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
Message-ID: <p.kerr-1301951440080001@130.216.90.127>
From: p.kerr@auckland.ac.nz (Peter Kerr)
Date: Fri, 13 Jan 1995 14:40:08 +1200
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> 
 <rshough-0501951320470001@rshough.read.tasc.com> 
 <1995Jan7.180926.3284@tcel.com>
Organization: School of Music University of Auckland
NNTP-Posting-Host: 130.216.90.127
Lines: 19

In article <1995Jan7.180926.3284@tcel.com>, allend@internode.net (Allen
Dick) wrote:
> There is to my knowledge, no good reason why infected wax should not
> be rendered and saved.  Although the spores are not killed in the process,
> experiments have shown that there is no risk of infection from the wax,
> even if used for foundation.

I believe the "Weed" process originated by the Root company last century
which heats the wax to 160 degrees Celsius for a certain time, and filters
it thru something like porcelain, is the only sure way of rendering
diseased wax.

Anything less than this is too risky. Live spores in foundation will wipe
out a hive quick as look at you.

-- 
Peter Kerr                             bodger
School of Music                        chandler
University of Auckland                 neo-Luddite


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Mon Jan 16 13:01:22 EST 1995
Article: 1155 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk (Gordon Scott)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!peernews.demon.co.uk!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
Subject: Re: Order, family, genus, etc question
References: <KILLORAN.95Jan10141702@gourock.llan> <3evlah$7uv@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
Reply-To: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk
X-Newsreader: Demon Internet Simple News v1.29
Lines: 27
X-Posting-Host: apis.demon.co.uk
Date: Sat, 14 Jan 1995 11:17:29 +0000
Message-ID: <790082249snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

In article <3evlah$7uv@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
           pollinator@aol.com "Pollinator" writes:

> Mike Killoran asks:
> >A simple question for one in the know:
> 
> An Italian bee may be called by its scientific name.  What are the
> parts?  E.g., is Apis the order?
> 
> Apis Mellifera Ligustica<
> 
> (Order) Hymenoptera, (Family) Apidae, (Genus) Apis, (Species) Mellifera,
> (Race) Ligustica.

(Phylum) Arthropoda,  (Class)  Insecta,  (Order)  Hymenoptera,  (Family)
Apidae, (Genus) Apis, (Species) Mellifera, (Race) Ligustica.

(BTW, Arthropoda includes insects, crustaceans, arachnids, centipedes etc.)

I _think_ thats the full set :-)
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK

No matter where I go, the place is always called 'here'.


From pollinator@aol.com Mon Jan 16 13:01:24 EST 1995
Article: 1156 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!pipex!uunet!newstf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Order, family, genus, etc question
Date: 14 Jan 1995 08:58:59 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 15
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <3f8lb3$f3o@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
References: <790082249snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)

Gordon Scott says:
>(Phylum) Arthropoda,  (Class)  Insecta,  (Order)  Hymenoptera,  (Family)
Apidae, (Genus) Apis, (Species) Mellifera, (Race) Ligustica.

(BTW, Arthropoda includes insects, crustaceans, arachnids, centipedes
etc.)

I _think_ thats the full set :-)


   Oops, we forgot kingdom!  Let's see - animal - I think that's it!

Dave Green     - a beekeeper  - I should've had therapy instead. :-)

Pollinator@aol.com


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Mon Jan 16 13:01:25 EST 1995
Article: 1157 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!grapevine.lcs.mit.edu!uhog.mit.edu!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ
Message-ID: <3f73kt$8ko@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Date: 13 Jan 1995 23:50:53 GMT
Followup-To: poster
Organization: Virginia Tech
Keywords: FAQ, beekeeping, apiculture, apis, bees, honey, mead
Summary: Pointers To Apicultural Information On The Internet
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
Lines: 390

sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ

1/12/94

 This is FAQ #7 for sci.agriculture.beekeeping. 


 This FAQ tries to list and point to all informational resources on the
internet for beekeepers and apiculturists. A great old beekeeping cliche is:
"there are about as many ways to keep bees as there are beekeepers."
Therefore rather than list and then answer the myriad beekeeping, bee culture,
and apicultural questions in a cumbersome document, specific internet
resources are listed in this FAQ so that you may find your own answers,
like a true beekeeper!. 
 If you are unable to utilize any of these resources, please don't hesitate
to contact me or post to sci.agriculture.beekeeping. As a last resort, you
could even mail the listserv, bee-l, but *please* be sure to include
a return address in your letter, and to realize that your question will go to
*** all *** the list subscribers. Explicit instructions on listserv use and
bee-l are included in this FAQ. Please read them before mailing anything to
bee-l. You can always ask somebody.  Asking really works!

 I'm working on an archive at sunsite.unc.edu for beekeeping. Once this is
done, you may mail me with information, comments, hints, stories, FAQ
ANSWERS, and they will become archived in an easily accessible way,
via ftp, gopher, and www. I have already received some really nice
beekeeping files. Thank you, you know who you are and you deserve praise!


****** POINTERS TO APICULTURAL INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET ******
 
USENET news   
* sci.agriculture.beekeeping   Beekeeping, bee-culture and hive products.

Listserv:
* BEE-L
  BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information
  concerning the biology of bees.  This includes honey bees
  and other bees (and maybe even wasps).  We communicate about
  sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution,
  genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower
  nectar and pollen production of bees.

To subscribe to BEE-L, send e-mail to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu
with one line in the body of your message:
SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <put your real name here>

To get help on how to run the listserver, send e-mail to
listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu with one line
in the body of your message:
HELP

To send a message to all current BEE-L subscribers, mail it to
BEE-L@uacsc2.albany.edu.


(FOR DETAILED LISTSERV INSTRUCTIONS, READ BEE-L SECTION AT END OF FAQ)


* Beekeeping Home Page (WWW)
   http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html

* _Apis_ Magazine archive (WWW)
   http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu:7999/~entweb/apis/apis.html

* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Colorado State University
    http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/ent.html

* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Iowa State University
    http://www.public.iastate.edu/~entomology/


* sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu anonymous ftp, gopher


* sunsite.unc.edu   anonymous ftp, gopher, telnet 

anonymous ftp:
ftp sunsite.unc.edu
cd pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture
cd sunsite-Sustainable-Agriculture/beekeeping

gopher:
gopher sunsite.unc.edu

go to:
The Worlds of sunsite
Sustainable Agriculture Information
beekeeping
(it's in there, the archive is huge!)


* ftp.ucdavis.edu   
anonymous ftp:
ftp ftp.ucdavis.edu
 /pub/extension/4h-youth/bee-keeping



* Beekeeping FAQ's from beenet.com


How to USE:

Internet E-Mail a message addressed to: (example)  HINT.103@beenet.com
on subject line put the name of FAQ:  HONEY ADULTERATION

Thats all, you are welcome to add a message.<G> Mail runs are
6am & 6pm. Problems, post to sysop@beenet.com 


  FAQ                                           Last update    9-28-94
  name                                                * NEW or UPDATED
_________
HINT.IND        THIS INDEX                                          *
WB-FILE.ZIP     Beekeeping Files Wild Bee's BBS 9k                9/28
yellow.jacket   How to get rid of them! Adrian Wenner             8/94
argentin.ant    Argentine Ant Control   Adrian Wenner             8/94
ambee.fed       Info-Joining American Beekeeping Federation
apimon95.txt    Info- APIMONDIA 1995 Meeting
mead.lst        How to join the Mead list mail
bee-l.faq       How to find Bee Info on Internet, Bee-L FAQ's++   9/10
import.relief   Letter to Congress, William J. Clinton (1994)
usda-bee.lab    Address & Info on Sending Dead bee samples (1992)
formic.txt      Warning on use of Formic Acid by beekeepers (1992)
propolis        Jerry Bronenshenk on PROPOLIS (1993)
4-H.txt         4-H joins the Internet (1993)
FSHEET11        INFORMATION US BEEKEEPING
HINT.101        SOURCES OF BEEKEEPING INFORMATION
HINT.102        HONEY AND ITS USES
HINT.103        HONEY ADULTERATION
HINT.104        FLORIDA BEE INSPECTION
HINT.105        FLORIDA BEARS AND BEEKEEPING
HINT.106        HONEY HOUSE SANITATION
HINT.107        FLORIDA HONEY LABELING REGULATIONS
HINT.108        PRODUCING SECTION (COMB) HONEY
HINT.109        EXHIBITING HONEY
HINT.110        SAMPLE POLLINATION AGREEMENT
HINT.111        SOLAR BEESWAX RENDERING AND HINTS FOR EXHIBITING WAX BLOCKS
HINT.112        EXTENSION APICULTURAL VISUAL AIDS
HINT.113        USING HONEY IN LARGE-QUANTITY RECIPES
HINT.115        GOOD NEIGHBOR GUIDELINES AND ORDINANCES
HINT.116        CHALKBROOD RECOMMENDATIONS
HINT.117        HONEY MARKETING SURVEY
HINT.118        PRODUCING POLLEN
HINT.119        FINANCIAL MANGEMENT FOR BEEKEEPERS
HINT.120        UPWARD VENTILATION
HINT.121        WAX MOTH CONTROL
HINT.122        BEE STINGS AND REACTIONS
HINT.123        EXTENSION APICULTURE IN FLORIDA
HINT.124        FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RATIOS FOR BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.125        PRESERVING WOODENWARE IN BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.126        THE VALUE OF POLLINATION BY HONEY BEES
HINT.127        THE VARROA BEE MITE
HINT.128        INFANT BOTULISM AND HONEY
HINT.129        HONEY JUDGING AND STANDARDS
HINT.130        USING THE HONEY REFRACTOMETER
HINT.131        OBSERVATION BEE HIVES

All HINT's courtesy of Malcolm T. Sanford, Cooperative Extension Service
University of Florida, Gainesville, Fl  e:mail mts@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
*beenet.com is an Information Service for Beekeepers & Friends, operated by
Andy Nachbaur from the Wild Bee's BBS, 209-826-8107, Los Banos, CA
****Thanks to Andy Nachbaur for putting this together.****
Andy would like your talents in expanding this service.
Interested? Write him. Email Andy.Nachbaur@beeneet.com
(****note**** this is not the most current list)



* Remote File Retriver from beenet.com

HOW IT WORKS: Mail addressed to <getfile@beenet.com> will be read by
wcARCHIE. When wcARCHIE locates this new mail, it will retrieve the text
>from  the SUBJECT LINE of the message. wcARCHIE will search the entire
Wildcat! file database for a file with a name that matches the text.
wcARCHIE will also search the \WCARCHIE directory for this file. If a file
is located, it will be sent as a message file attachment to the original
sender. If the subject line contains the word HELP, a help message will be
sent. If the subject line contains the word FILES, a list of available
files will be sent.


 
* Honey Hotline                       NHB Food Technology Program
  1 -800-356-5941                     P.O. Box 281525
  415-340-3568  (FAX)              San Franscisco, CA 94128-1525 USA

* National Honey Board
  421 21 st, suite 203,
  Longmont, CO  80501 USA
  303-776-2337

* The American Apitherapy Society, Inc.
 P.O. Box 124, Woodsville, NH 03785
  603-747-2507 (Voice & Fax)


 *International Bee Research Association
  18 North Rd
  Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK
  F: (+44) 1222 665 522
  V: (+44) 1222 372 409 (24 hrs)
  email: IBRA@cardiff.ac.uk
  Now putting out "B-Mail" a monthly newsletter available on the newsgroup
  or the listserver, soon to be archived.


 * Mead lovers list:
   mead-lovers-request@eklektix.com   mead mailing list (subscribe, unsubscribe
   etc) mead-lovers@eklektix.com (to send message to all current mead-lover
   subscribers)
	

* The Mead Association
 P.O. Box 4666
 Grand Junction, CO 81502
 1-800-693-MEAD
 outside US 303-442-9111 

* Mead book list: for a good list of books on mead mail: jkl2@Ra.MsState.edu 
 ask for book list.




***** Online Beekeeping Reference Sources ******


* Malcolm Roe is pleased to answer British beekeeping questions such as:
how to get started, the addresses of local associations and equipment
suppliers, where to get some bees, legal questions, etc.
email  roe@crosfield.co.uk 

* _The Hewitt Apicultural Collection_ 
gopher: <  gopher.uconn.edu > Select Libraries and Research
Services. Then Edward H Kirschbaum Library (Waterbury Campus).
Lastly, Hewitt Apicultural Collection. 
Sheila A. Lafferty, librarian/archivist at UCONN handles this great
resource.
Write her for a bibliography, or questions. email  wbladm03@uconnvm.uconn.edu

* B-EYE   bee eye simulator
WWW pages that offer to "see the world through the eyes of a bee."
http://cvs.anu.edu.au/andy/
Andy Giger
email  giger@rsbs-central.anu.edu.au



***** Specialists *****

 * Dr. Rick Fell, Apiculture/Entomology professor and researcher at VA Tech
is available for questions, comments and queries.         
email  rfell@vt.edu


 * Dr. Adrian Wenner, Biology professor and researcher at UCAL SB has
available information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu 

 * Diana Sammataro, bee researcher, author, is available for Tracheal mite
questions and tracheal mite information.
email  dsammata@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu


 * Jim Dixon has information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email jdixon@ogopogo.educ.sfu.ca

 * Sharon J. Collman, W.S.U. Cooperative Extension, also has Yellow Jacket
control information.
email collmans@wsuvm.csc.wsu.edu

* For historical bee lore questions (bees knees), and bee lore info
write Warner Granade, Librarian at UVa.
email jwg2y@poe.acc.virginia.edu

* Pollen Information, including pollen production and pollen usage is 
available from Rob Bidleman.
email robbee@crl.com 

* Paul Cheng will be coordinating the Bee sting/venom/allergy FAQ.
email him with your information/input.
email pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu

* For free information on observation hives
email bculture@aol.com    ask for _Observation Hive How-To


* BOMBUS
 A mailing list dedicated to Bumblebees.
 To subscribe, send a message to bombus-request@csi.uottawa.ca.
 To send a message to everyone on the list, mail it to
 bombus@csi.uottawa.ca.
 The Bombus list is maintained by Chris Plowright
 (plowright@csi.uottawa.ca)


What is BEE-L?
Charter:
BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information
concerning the biology of bees.  This includes honey bees
and other bees (and maybe even wasps).  We communicate about
sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution,
genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower
nectar and pollen production of bees.
On the technical side:
BEE-L is a computerized e-mail list. All e-mail sent to the BEE-L
address is duplicated and mailed to all the current subscribers on the
list. The listserver (the computer that runs the list) maintains a log
(archive) of all messages, and list members may request a copy of
the log. The archive has a separate file for each month, and these
files are currently saved for about a year. To access the listserve
computer itself (i.e. to subscribe to or unsubscribe from BEE-L, to
request a log file, etc.), send e-mail to the listserver address. Don't
send control messages to the BEE-L address, because the message
will just be sent to everyone on the list, and the computer will not do
what you wanted it to do. Note that most control messages contain
the list name (BEE-L) somewhere in the command, as the listserve
computer generally runs many lists at any given time.
 
How do I post a message to BEE-L?
If you are on the Internet, send an e-mail message to
bee-l@uacsc2.albany.edu If you are on BitNet, address your e-mail to
bee-l@ALBNYVM1.BITNET  Any message received at these addresses
will be duplicated and mailed to everyone currently subscribed to
the BEE-L list.
 
How do I subscribe to, or unsubscribe from BEE-L?
Send mail to the listserve computer (from the Internet the address is
listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu  from BitNet, the address is
listserv@ALBNYVM1.BITNET  To SUBSCRIBE, the body of your
message  must contain the line:
SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <your full name>
You may abbreviate SUBSCRIBE with SUB. Be sure to substitute your
real name for the <your full name> placeholder. You do not need
quotes or any other delimiters surrounding your name. The listserve
computer will determine your address from the "From:" header in
your message. To UNSUBSCRIBE, the body of your message must
contain the line:
SIGNOFF BEE-L
You may substitute either UNSUBSCRIBE or UNSUB for the SIGNOFF in
this command to remove your subscription to the list If your address
has changed since you subscribed, this command will fail - write to
YOUR local POSTMAST/POSTMASTER/POSTMSTR id for assistance.  If
that fails, then write to OWNER-BEE-L     @<listnode> for assistance.
If that fails, then write one of the following (these are typical addresses
that should be forwarded to a person who can answer your question):
POSTMASTER@<listnode>
POSTMAST@<listnode>
POSTMSTR@<listnode>
Note: <listnode> = ALBNYVM1.BITNET if you are on BitNet.
<listnode> = uacsc2.albany.edu  if you are on Internet).
 
To avoid this problem, UNSUBSCRIBE from  BEE-L before you move to
a new e-mail address, and then  resubscribe from your new address.
 
How do I get help using the listserver?
Send a message to the listserver, with the one word HELP in the body
of the message.  Address the message to listserv@albnyvm1.bitnet if
you  are on BitNet, or address it to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu if you
are  on the Internet. The listserver will mail a help document back to
you.  Sending the message INFO ? will cause the listserver to mail
you a  list of additional help documents that are available. These
additional  documents are requested by sending the message INFO
<topic> (be  sure to substitute the desired document name for <topic>)


Aknowledgments

I would like to thank the following individuals:

Jon Gefael who taught me and who is almost always right
Pete Thorsen who is a walking man page
Rick Hough for his FAQ contributions, and gentle way
My school, VA Tech, for giving me an account
Dr. Rick Fell, for making me think
My old friend Jayne who bears with me even to this day
My children for their beauty
and to beekeepers worldwide
 
Copyright (c) 1995 by Adam Finkelstein, all rights reserved.
This FAQ may not be distributed for financial gain.
This FAQ may not be included in commercial collections or compilations
without express permission from the author.
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca Mon Jan 16 13:01:26 EST 1995
Article: 1158 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!news.mindlink.net!line31.nwm.mindlink.net!user
From: bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca (bill fernihough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: American foulbrood
Date: 15 Jan 1995 05:20:06 GMT
Organization: none
Lines: 28
Message-ID: <bill_fernihough-1401952126300001@line31.nwm.mindlink.net>
References: <D1xA5v.xL@cs.ruu.nl> <rshough-0501951320470001@rshough.read.tasc.com> <1995Jan7.180926.3284@tcel.com> <p.kerr-1301951440080001@130.216.90.127>
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In article <p.kerr-1301951440080001@130.216.90.127>, p.kerr@auckland.ac.nz
(Peter Kerr) wrote:

> In article <1995Jan7.180926.3284@tcel.com>, allend@internode.net (Allen
> Dick) wrote:
> > There is to my knowledge, no good reason why infected wax should not
> > be rendered and saved.  Although the spores are not killed in the process,
> > experiments have shown that there is no risk of infection from the wax,
> > even if used for foundation.
> 
> I believe the "Weed" process originated by the Root company last century
> which heats the wax to 160 degrees Celsius for a certain time, and filters
> it thru something like porcelain, is the only sure way of rendering
> diseased wax.
> 
> Anything less than this is too risky. Live spores in foundation will wipe
> out a hive quick as look at you.
> 
> -- 
> Peter Kerr                             bodger
> School of Music                        chandler
> University of Auckland                 neo-Luddite

One way around all this is to go to plastic foundation.  I found that it
was just wonderful here in the Vancouver Canada area, having most luck
with the DADANT size comb.  Itried two things, a full one piece comb, made
of plastic, and secondly, wooden frames with plastic foundation, was
coated.   gets rid of moth problems too.


From bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca Mon Jan 16 13:01:27 EST 1995
Article: 1159 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca (bill fernihough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: comb orientation
Date: 15 Jan 1995 05:27:29 GMT
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In article <95011.160245JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu>, Jennifer Finley
<JVF101@psuvm.psu.edu> wrote:

> Alex had asked whether bees show a preference in building their comb the
> cold way (at right angles to the entrance) or the warm way (parallel
> with the entrance)...
> 
> Here at Penn State, we've collected around a dozen or so feral tree
> hives to use as various demostration pieces in our apiary and insect
> museum.  All of the feral hives that I have ever seen all have the combs
> aligned "the cold way" -- that is so that the bee spaces connect
> directly with the entrance space.  It makes sense to me considering the
> ease of entry and exit, especially during busy honey flows.  And even
> though "the cold way" seems to us like it would be colder and draftier,
> I'm sure the bees find it quite tolerable -- the heating and
> airconditioning specialists that they are!
> 
> Do you notice any differences between your "warm way" hives and "cold
> way" hives?  Once we had a tremendous amount of trouble (3 sets of bees
> absconded) starting a large tree observation hive (the whole front is
> plexiglass).  Weeks later, we tried again in a last ditch effort with a
> fourth set of bees, even though our starter comb had been completely
> eaten by wax moths.  These bees promptly moved in and began building
> comb THE OPPOSITE WAY from what we had been encouraging with our stater
> comb.  Since this hive has a three inch entrance tube in a very windy
> location, WE thought the "warm way" combs would be better, but three
> sets of bees told us we were wrong and the fourth set built comb the way
> THEY wanted it -- the cold way!  After we stopped argueing with them,
> the colony did very well!
> 
> Jennifer Finley Penn State Entomology

Maybe you would like to put this in a more familiar way, does this suggest
we have the hive entrance on the width of the hive, or on the length.  I
ttend to use the length to provide more flight space, but maybe you'r
telling me something.


From bhatch@netcom.com Mon Jan 16 21:20:02 EST 1995
Article: 1160 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!ix.netcom.com!netcom.com!bhatch
From: bhatch@netcom.com (Bob "Another beer, please" Christ)
Subject: Re: Cat Quandary
Message-ID: <bhatchD2Io8I.F9L@netcom.com>
Followup-To: talk.politics.animals
Organization: Bernie's Buttplugs, Inc.
References: <3fecn9$5q4@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
Date: Mon, 16 Jan 1995 21:12:18 GMT
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu talk.politics.animals:29694 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1160


Why not ask the experts?  Followups to talk.politics.animals because, 
that's where all this started.

Rosemary Waigh (bp239@FreeNet.Carleton.CA) wrote:

: Some honey producers disable the queen bee by blinding her or clipping
: her wings.

Will someone shed some light <hee> on this issue.  Do 'some' honey
producers do this?  What would be gained by doing so, if true?

: Some, in cold climates, kill the bees (who are from a warmer part
: of the world) rather than help them survive the winter.  Around here
: at least, if there are apiarists who treat their bees well, the
: honeys are not labelled as such so it's impossible to support them.

Anyone know if 'some' kill their bees "rather than help them survive 
the winter"?

This sounds a little bogus to me.  Then again, Rosemary is the one that
tried to 'live trap' cockroachs in her apartment rather than allow the
landlord to exterminate them. (true fact!)

Also....

jeffs@vnet.ibm.com (Jeff Smith) writes:

>There are thousands of varieties of pollinating bees.  It seems very
>unlikely that "most fruit" in this country (or any other) is pollinated
>by honey bees.  Sue has made this rather odd claim in the past - always
>without support.

Anyone know the stats about this?


Bob

---
This person is currently undergoing electric shock therapy at Agnews
Developmental Center in San Jose, California.   All his opinions are
static, please ignore him.
                             Thank you,  Nurse Ratched


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Jan 17 10:10:48 EST 1995
Article: 1161 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!news.iag.net!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
Date: 16 Jan 1995 22:33:12 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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In article <bhatchD2Io8I.F9L@netcom.com>,
Bob "Another beer, please" Christ <bhatch@netcom.com> wrote:
>
>Rosemary Waigh (bp239@FreeNet.Carleton.CA) wrote:
>
>: Some honey producers disable the queen bee by blinding her or clipping
>: her wings.
>
>Will someone shed some light <hee> on this issue.  Do 'some' honey
>producers do this?  What would be gained by doing so, if true?
>
No honey producers do not blind the queen. They sometimes clip a portion of
her wing so that if she flys to swarm, she will not go far and will return
to the colony, with the bees. The idea is to not loose the colony. Since
queens rarely fly after mating, this clipping doesn't impede her lifestyle,
but no I haven't really talked to any queens so I'm not positively sure. 

>: Some, in cold climates, kill the bees (who are from a warmer part
>: of the world) rather than help them survive the winter.  Around here
>: at least, if there are apiarists who treat their bees well, the
>: honeys are not labelled as such so it's impossible to support them.

 Yes this is true. Some feel it is more profitable to this. I don't condone
it, but some do it. The part of the world is North of the USA usually.
In the USA honey has to have the country of origin on the label, so if you
want to, you may boycott those countries you think would be killing bees,
but you might hurt the ones you want to support. 
Anyway most honey is from such huge packers. The best strategy is to support
local beekeepers who you can look in the eye. The honey is lots better too,
if produced with care.

>
>Also....
>
>jeffs@vnet.ibm.com (Jeff Smith) writes:
>
>>There are thousands of varieties of pollinating bees.  It seems very
>>unlikely that "most fruit" in this country (or any other) is pollinated
>>by honey bees.  Sue has made this rather odd claim in the past - always
>>without support.

 Well you're wrong. Wild fruit might be pollinated by other species,
but get your behind out to an orchard sometime during bloom and check
out the honeybees. I don't think everyone is imagining that the bees are
useful. Pollination is a much more valued beekeeping service than honey
production. Maybe you'd want to talk with some farmers, beekeepers, and
even read a little about pollination biology, ecology and management?

 Adam
beekeeper, apicultural graduate student, honey lover, admirer of nature.
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From pollinator@aol.com Tue Jan 17 10:10:49 EST 1995
Article: 1162 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!newstf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
Date: 16 Jan 1995 23:22:05 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
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References: <3ff0fd$f5h@netnews.upenn.edu>
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)

Bob Christ asks:

>Why not ask the experts?  Followups to talk.politics.animals >because,
that's where all this started.

>Rosemary Waigh (bp239@FreeNet.Carleton.CA) wrote:

>: Some honey producers disable the queen bee by blinding her or >clipping
: her wings.

>Will someone shed some light <hee> on this issue.  Do 'some' >honey
producers do this?  What would be gained by doing so, if >true?

   (I am a commercial beekeeper - not really a honey producer, but a
pollination specialist, and publisher of a pollination newsletter. I'll
try
to >shed some light< on these questions.

   Clipping the wings of queens is an old method of reducing swarming.
Swarming is the natural reproduction of honeybees, but if you are not
present
at the right time,  you are likely to lose the swarm. Allowing this would
be
akin to raising cattle, and letting the calves run off to be lost in the
woods.  Besides the economic loss of livestock, their survival becomes
iffy
without care.
   The thought was that, if the queen could not fly with the swarm, they
would not leave. Usually the swarm was only delayed by a few hours or a
couple days, and the swarms left with a virgin queen anyway.
   Today the technique is mostly practiced by hobbyists who read about it
in
an old book and don't realize that it rarely works.  There are other,
better
ways, of saving the >calves<.
   I've never heard of blinding queens, and expect that the attempt would
kill her.

Again:
>: Some, in cold climates, kill the bees (who are from a warmer part
>: of the world) rather than help them survive the winter.  Around here
>: at least, if there are apiarists who treat their bees well, the
>: honeys are not labelled as such so it's impossible to support >them.

>Anyone know if 'some' kill their bees "rather than help them survive 
>the winter"?

>This sounds a little bogus to me.  Then again, Rosemary is the one >that
tried to 'live trap' cockroachs in her apartment rather than allow >the
landlord to exterminate them. (true fact!)

   Ten years ago there was some truth to this. Some background: It takes a
tremendous amount of feed or honey for bees to get through winter.  They
use
the energy of the sugars to create heat, because the brood at the center
of
the winter cluster must be maintained at 94 degrees F.  The winter
survival
rate of bees in northern areas is not very good and it is getting worse
with
clearcut logging (loss of feed), changing farm practices (ditto),
pesticide
misuse, and new parasites and diseases.
   The majority of  American commercial beekeepers from northern areas
load
the bees on tractor trailers and go south for the winter.
Canadians were not allowed to cross the border with bees on comb, because
of
brood disease quarantines, and it became common practice to kill off the
bees
in the fall and restock the hives with package bees from southern USA in
the
spring. They were transported across the border without brood, in screen
cages, so there was no danger of spread of brood diseases.  This practice
was
not only cheaper, but less risky, because a severe winter could kill off a
lot of the bees.
   This practice mostly stopped when varroa mite, a new parasite was
discovered in the US, and a quarantine was established for all bees from
the
USA.  A few Canadians get bees from New Zealand, which does not yet have
the
mite, but this is expensive and there have been problems with shipping.
   Many Canadians beekeepers have established indoor wintering barns, and
they are improving the technology to increase survival rate. This is
expensive and a loss of power (=ventilation) can cause heavy loss, so
there
must be backups.  Some beekeepers have quit.
I doubt very many today would kill their bees. They are too valuable a
resource, and too difficult to keep alive.

He adds:

>Also....

jeffs@vnet.ibm.com (Jeff Smith) writes:

>There are thousands of varieties of pollinating bees.  It seems very
>unlikely that "most fruit" in this country (or any other) is pollinated
>by honey bees.  Sue has made this rather odd claim in the past - always
>without support.

Anyone know the stats about this?

   Yes, there are thousands of pollinating bees. However they are
declining
for many of the same reasons that honeybees are being lost.  Furthermore
commercial fruit production is in larger and larger tracts (monoculture),
and
pesticides have removed many native pollinators, so today most fruit
pollination is managed.  Hives are brought to the crop when needed, during
bloom, and removed before spraying resumes.

   I don't have official figures (I'm not sure they exist) but I'm sure
you'd
be in the ballpark with about 100,000 hives of honeybees used each year
for
apples (New York 26,000),  about 65,000 hives for blueberries and
cranberries
in New England and New Jersey.  Almonds in California require more than
any
other crop, and several tractor trailer loads went this past spring from
the
east coast. If I recall correctly, it was around 275,000 colonies total.

   I provide bees primarily for watermelon, cucumbers, Kiwifruit,
cantaloupe,
squash and strawberries.  If your watermelon (from South Carolina) tastes
lousy, the grower didn't get bees from me. Look at the seeds; if half of
them
are white and undeveloped, the fruit is only half pollinated and it will
never fully ripen.  It didn't have enough bee visits in the blossom.  If
your
melons is well rounded, deep red color, and almost all black seeds, it
will
be so sweet you'll want another piece, and you'll know the farmer got bees
>from  me.

    Without honeybees, we would lose much of our fruit.  And that means
managed honeybees, because few honeybees would survive in the wild today.
(The African bee, a very vigorous bee with better resistance to disease
and
parasites may actually help reestablish wild pollination in some areas of
the
South).

    There is some development of other pollinators.  There is a small and
growing supply of bumblebee colonies (purchased rather than rented like
honeybees) for use with tomatos and other crops that honeybees do not work
consistantly.

    There is a lot of interest in about a half dozen species of solitary
bees
as well.  Some have been used a little for fruit, but we have a long way
to
go. One has been used a lot for alfalfa seed production.
The USDA has just released a new one which is supposed to be good for
southern rabbiteye blueberries and some other crops.

   The threats to our bees is probably a more important environmental
issue
than whales and pandas (though I don't begrudge the attention they get).
If
we do not pay attention, we are going to lose some our our foods and find
others getting extremely expensive.

    Did you see the news this past week about American apples being sent
to
Japan and people snatching them up because Japanese apples had only been
available for the rich.  I remember seeing a photo, a few years back, of
schoolchildren in the orchards hand pollinating the apples.  Japan has
ideal
growing conditions for apples, but has very few bees, so that crop is
extremely difficult and expensive to grow.


Some >food< for thought.

Pollinator@aol.com

Dave Green
Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC  29554

(Also posted back to talk.politics.animals)


From jeffs@vnet.ibm.com Tue Jan 17 10:10:51 EST 1995
Article: 1163 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!newsgate.watson.ibm.com!watnews.watson.ibm.com!locutus.rchland.ibm.com!jeffs
From: jeffs@vnet.ibm.com (Jeff Smith)
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
Date: Tue, 17 Jan 1995 02:46:24 GMT
Organization: GPL
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu talk.politics.animals:29711 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1163

In article <3fes78$rl9@solaris.cc.vt.edu>,
 on 16 Jan 1995 22:33:12 GMT,
 Adam Finkelstein <adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu> writes:
>>jeffs@vnet.ibm.com (Jeff Smith) writes:
>>
>>>There are thousands of varieties of pollinating bees.  It seems very
>>>unlikely that "most fruit" in this country (or any other) is
>>>pollinated by honey bees.  Sue has made this rather odd claim in the
>>>past - always without support.

> Well you're wrong. Wild fruit might be pollinated by other species,
>but get your behind out to an orchard sometime during bloom and check
>out the honeybees. I don't think everyone is imagining that the bees are
>useful. Pollination is a much more valued beekeeping service than honey
>production. Maybe you'd want to talk with some farmers, beekeepers, and
>even read a little about pollination biology, ecology and management?

Just how is my statement wrong?  (Realize that at no point have I
suggested that honey bee pollination is not useful OR widely used
in fruit and vegetable production.)  Other bees and other insects
*do* pollinate fruit crops, the question is:  how much is done by
honey bees?  Sue claims they are "necessary".  I suggest that fruit
was growing (and being "produced") in America before the honey bee
arrived.

According to the USDA, the benefit from honey bee pollination is
somewhere in the vicinity of $10 billion annually (half the amount
that Sue referenced in a previous append, but significant nonethe-
less).

As I know that you know, Adam, there are over 20,000 species of wild
bees - some 3,500 native to North America.  Some of these are much
more efficient pollinators than the honey bee (50-500 times better).
There's been a good deal of research into these "alternate bees"
over the past few years - and the interest is growing.

The reference that I'd recommend in this area is the research work
of Dr Suzanne Batra of the USDA Bee Research Lab.  But this is not
news to you.

>Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall

-Jeff Smith
 jeffs@vnet.ibm.com


From bishop@eri.erinet.com Tue Jan 17 22:27:17 EST 1995
Article: 1164 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!news.erinet.com!eri.erinet.com!not-for-mail
From: bishop@eri.erinet.com (Corey Lee Bishop)
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
Followup-To: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 17 Jan 1995 09:48:17 -0500
Organization: EriNet Online 513 436-9915
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Jeff Smith (jeffs@vnet.ibm.com) wrote:
: In article <3fes78$rl9@solaris.cc.vt.edu>,
:  on 16 Jan 1995 22:33:12 GMT,
:  Adam Finkelstein <adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu> writes:
: >>jeffs@vnet.ibm.com (Jeff Smith) writes:
: >>
: >>>There are thousands of varieties of pollinating bees.  It seems very
: >>>unlikely that "most fruit" in this country (or any other) is
: >>>pollinated by honey bees.  Sue has made this rather odd claim in the
: >>>past - always without support.

: > Well you're wrong. Wild fruit might be pollinated by other species,
: >but get your behind out to an orchard sometime during bloom and check
: >out the honeybees. I don't think everyone is imagining that the bees are
: >useful. Pollination is a much more valued beekeeping service than honey
: >production. Maybe you'd want to talk with some farmers, beekeepers, and
: >even read a little about pollination biology, ecology and management?

: Just how is my statement wrong?  (Realize that at no point have I
: suggested that honey bee pollination is not useful OR widely used
: in fruit and vegetable production.)  Other bees and other insects
: *do* pollinate fruit crops, the question is:  how much is done by
: honey bees?  Sue claims they are "necessary".  I suggest that fruit
: was growing (and being "produced") in America before the honey bee
: arrived.

Exactly what fruits are you referring to?  Bear in mind that most of
our fruits and vegetables are from imported species that did not 
exist on this continent before Europeans came.

: According to the USDA, the benefit from honey bee pollination is
: somewhere in the vicinity of $10 billion annually (half the amount
: that Sue referenced in a previous append, but significant nonethe-
: less).

: As I know that you know, Adam, there are over 20,000 species of wild
: bees - some 3,500 native to North America.  Some of these are much
: more efficient pollinators than the honey bee (50-500 times better).
: There's been a good deal of research into these "alternate bees"
: over the past few years - and the interest is growing.

: The reference that I'd recommend in this area is the research work
: of Dr Suzanne Batra of the USDA Bee Research Lab.  But this is not
: news to you.

: >Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall

: -Jeff Smith
:  jeffs@vnet.ibm.com


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Tue Jan 17 22:27:18 EST 1995
Article: 1165 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!newsfeed.pitt.edu!dsinc!netnews.upenn.edu!dolphin.upenn.edu!djt
From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
Followup-To: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 16 Jan 1995 23:45:49 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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Adam Finkelstein (adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu) wrote:
: In article <bhatchD2Io8I.F9L@netcom.com>,
: Bob "Another beer, please" Christ <bhatch@netcom.com> wrote:
: >
: >Rosemary Waigh (bp239@FreeNet.Carleton.CA) wrote:
: >
: >: Some honey producers disable the queen bee by blinding her or clipping
: >: her wings.
: >
: >: Some, in cold climates, kill the bees (who are from a warmer part
: >: of the world) rather than help them survive the winter.  Around here
: >: at least, if there are apiarists who treat their bees well, the
: >: honeys are not labelled as such so it's impossible to support them.

:  Yes this is true. Some feel it is more profitable to this. I don't condone
: it, but some do it. The part of the world is North of the USA usually.
: In the USA honey has to have the country of origin on the label, so if you
: want to, you may boycott those countries you think would be killing bees,
: but you might hurt the ones you want to support. 
: Anyway most honey is from such huge packers. The best strategy is to support
: local beekeepers who you can look in the eye. The honey is lots better too,
: if produced with care.

Bees require a certain amount of honey to make it through the winter 
- bees do not hibernate - indeed, this is essentially the purpose of 
honey production and storage by the bees in the first place.  The actual 
amount needed depends on factors such as:

	weather conditions and length of time nectar is unavailable
	(i.e., length of winter)

	frugality of the ecotype (specific race of bee - there
	are many types) with respect to honey consumption

	number of bees in the hive (presumably there's a trade-off
	between heat conserved through large cluster size and honey
	consumed by larger than necessary cluster-size)

	diversity and type of floral (food) sources

	and...?

When I kept bees in N. Virginia, I used to leave about 90 lbs of honey as
winter food stores.  I.e., this is what you'd leave AFTER taking some of
the honey as a crop.  In Philadelphia, I leave more, because its colder
and the winter is a bit longer.  The point is that some beekeepers in
colder climates apparently find it more profitable to take ALL the honey,
leaving none for the bees, since they'd apparently have to leave a huge
amount in order for them to actually make it through the winter.  I'm not
condoning the practice or condemning it - just elaborating on Adam's
response.  Presumably, someone who keeps bees in these conditions will 
respond with a better or more thorough explanation.  I've never actually 
met anyone who would actually kill their bees or let them starve just to 
get a little extra honey.  Most beekeepers LIKE their bees.

As long as I'm being verbose, I will point out that I'm not making my
living beekeeping; although it does provide supplemental income, I do it
primarily out of interest and enjoyment.  If I were a commercial honey
producer, depending on production for my livelihood, I MIGHT feel
differently about this.  But I'd like to think that I wouldn't.  In otehr 
words, I can understand that there might be financial pressure to 
practice this kind of profit maximization, but presumably, these are the 
same pressures that gave us factory-farming, bovine growth hormone, 
tottering turkeys, and a host of other embarrassments.  I'd second Adam's 
advice: buy locally-produced honey and read the labels.

> : >Also.... : > : >jeffs@vnet.ibm.com (Jeff Smith) writes: : >
: >>There are thousands of varieties of pollinating bees.  It seems very
: >>unlikely that "most fruit" in this country (or any other) is pollinated
: >>by honey bees.  Sue has made this rather odd claim in the past - always
: >>without support.

:  Well you're wrong. Wild fruit might be pollinated by other species,
: but get your behind out to an orchard sometime during bloom and check
: out the honeybees. I don't think everyone is imagining that the bees are
: useful. Pollination is a much more valued beekeeping service than honey
: production. Maybe you'd want to talk with some farmers, beekeepers, and
: even read a little about pollination biology, ecology and management?

Also, you might consider remaining subscribed to this newsgroup.


David J. Trickett - UPenn


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Tue Jan 17 22:27:19 EST 1995
Article: 1166 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
Date: Tue, 17 Jan 95 11:15:46 EST
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In article <3fes78$rl9@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein) writes:
 
>>: Some, in cold climates, kill the bees (who are from a warmer part
>>: of the world) rather than help them survive the winter.  Around here
>>: at least, if there are apiarists who treat their bees well, the
>>: honeys are not labelled as such so it's impossible to support them.
>
> Yes this is true. Some feel it is more profitable to this. I don't condone
>it, but some do it. The part of the world is North of the USA usually.
>In the USA honey has to have the country of origin on the label, so if you
>want to, you may boycott those countries you think would be killing bees,
>but you might hurt the ones you want to support.
>Anyway most honey is from such huge packers. The best strategy is to support
>local beekeepers who you can look in the eye. The honey is lots better too,
>if produced with care.
 
The practice of killing off bees in the fall and restocking the hives
with packaged bees in the spring has fallen out of favor.  This is due
to the quarantine on imported bees implemented by the Canadian
government.  Prior to the closed border, northern beekeepers would
manage their hives to maximize honey production, taking all they could
in the fall.  I'm not sure if the practice was to kill the bees after
the harvest or to let them starve in the winter, but the effect was the
same.  The profit realized by harvesting ALL the honey was more than
the cost to restock the hives with packaged bees in the spring.
 
The Canadian government closed their borders in the mid/late 80s in an
attempt to keep mites out of their country.  Unfortunately the mites
didn't care whether the border was closed or not and are now a problem
in Canada too.  However, the closed border did change the management
practices in Canada, as Canadian beekeepers were no longer able to
procure packaged bees to restock equipment in the spring.  Hive
management practices shifted from maximum harvest to attempts to
overwinter existing stocks.  A 'kinder, gentler' management technique
was effected.
 
Considerations have been given to reopen the border to packaged bees,
but the quarantine remains in effect due this time to the fear of spreading
Africanized bees.  It's one thing to have a few beekeepers upset because
their hives died off from mites, but it's an entirely different matter
if legislators allow the African nemesis to invade their country.  The
potential of a media craze fueled by a single AHB stinging incident far
outweighs the concern of a handful of beekeepers!  So the quarantine
remains in effect.
 
For the sake of complete information and to avoid flames, the quarantine
on imported bees targets bees from the USA.  Canadian beekeepers are
able to import bees from New Zealand, and have been doing so with mixed
results.  New Zealand has no problem with either mites or Africanized
bees.  Reports indicate that there have been mixed results with New
Zealand packages north of the Canadian/US border.  Speculation is that
the bees are coming from a different hemisphere where the seasons are
opposite.  New Zealand packages that are sold to Canadian beekeepers are
put up in New Zealand's fall and shipped to Canada's spring.  Perhaps
the mixed up seasons has a detrimental effect on the bees.  This was a
topic of discussion at my beekeeping club just last evening and the
mixed season speculation is merely speculation, unsupported by any sort
of emperical evidence.
 
Submitted for your consideration,
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From frodo@sage.cc.purdue.edu Tue Jan 17 22:27:20 EST 1995
Article: 1167 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: frodo@sage.cc.purdue.edu (Robert Nesius)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: wintering bees
Date: 17 Jan 1995 14:23:40 -0500
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Hi,
  I just perused the discussion on the various practices beekeepers employ 
  in wintering their bees in the colder climates.  

  In Northern Minnesota (near Fargo, ND), I think virutally all beekeepers 
  try to get their bees through the winter, and do not let them die off. 
  Those big black cardboard boxes that fit over the hives can really pay 
  big dividends by greatly increasing the survival rate of the hive.  We
  generally left about 100-110 pounds of honey with the bees in their two 
  deeps.  

  When I was running my small beekeeping business(25 hives or so) I had about
  an 85% survival rate.  If another hive swarmed I'd kill the swarm queens 
  before they hatched, order a new queen, and do a division.  I usually 
  increased the number of hives I had each year by this method.  

  Now adays I no longer run the bees, and my dad doesn't have the time 
  manage them as closely as we used to, so we leave them enough honey to 
  make it through, but we don't go out of our way to help them out.  When
  they swarm they usually swarm right into a nearby hive.  The survival 
  rate is not as good.

I hope that answers a few questions any of you may have still had.  
Happy Beekeeping.  :) 

Rob


From jml@prairienet.org Tue Jan 17 22:27:21 EST 1995
Article: 1168 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jml@prairienet.org (Joan Lane)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: New Beekeeper
Date: 17 Jan 1995 19:59:53 GMT
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Am I glad to find this group.  I have been trying to keep bees for the last
several years.  They die out every winter. I have been ordering new bees each
spring. What can I do to overwinter my bees?  I only want one or two hives
This year I am ordering bees from Blue Ridge Apiaries that are suppose to be mite resistant.  Any comments on these bees?  Thanks for any help.
Joan


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Jan 17 22:27:22 EST 1995
Article: 1169 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Plant concoction for varroa mite (fwd)
Date: 17 Jan 1995 23:47:59 GMT
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From: Darlene Scribilo
              <Scribilo_Darlene/lcs_system6@SYSTEM6.LCS.GOV.BC.CA>
Subject:      plant concoction for varroa mite

I am trying to locate an article published in the winter 1989/1990 issue
of the Russian beekeeper magazine "Pcselovodszto" on a plant concoction
against varroa.
Does someone have a copy of the original article in Russian?  If so, may
I have a copy?  Please respond to :
darlene_scribilo:@lcs_system6.lcs.gov.bc.ca

Many thanks. 
Bee hearing from you. 
Darlene Scribilo Richmond, B.C. Canada

-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Jan 18 23:35:44 EST 1995
Article: 1170 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: The Bee's story from a bees perspective
Date: Tue, 17 Jan 1995 06:42:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950117074026736@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
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 |-----------------|Bhatch@netcom.Com (bob "another Beer, Please" Christ)refer#
>Rosemary Waigh (bp239@FreeNet.Carleton.CA) wrote:
>
>: Some honey producers disable the queen bee by blinding her or clipping
>: her wings.

Well Bob, pass this on to your friend Rosemary, she could turn it
into a long running tread and become one of the internets infamous
environmentalists. "Give em what they want and let em foul their own
nest." Abe Linclon Brown.

        Yes, beekeeping as practiced by some is very barbaric to say
the least. Poor defenseless queen bees do have their wings clipped to
prevent them from flying off to better conditions then offered by their
keepers. They are also marked with paint which must cause them a great
deal of discomfort and pain as the other bees spend much time chewing it
off her body. Even worse then that are those who get some perverse
pleasure out of artificially breeding virgin queen bees. These are
usually the intellectual class found hanging out in the dark rooms and
halls of out social institutes of higher learning, mostly paid for by
someone else. In the sleazy countries of South America there are clubs
made up of hundreds of these warped people, and video tapes have been
made that they will send you in a plain package for a small price.

Anyway some of these sadists take the poor completely defenseless fuzzy
loveable drone bees and crush their poor bodies between their thumb and
forefinger until they explode their sexual organs, and collect the
suffering, dying bees sperm in a micro syringe which is forced into the
sexual receptacle of a virgin queen that has been put to sleep. If ever
there was a more unnatural sexual act, I have never done it, but then my
only trips to university was to educate and entertain others. Many times
they miss the small target and the queen dies soon after, or does not
wake up, and many poor defenseless virgin queens are killed for the
practice and fun of doing it. The one's that live are put in a match
box size cage, with a screen top the size to allow other bees to feed
her, and also other nasty tempered type bees to rip off a leg or two
and inflect damage to any part of her body they can grab. If she lives
through all of this and the trip to a new hive without a queen she may
live another 6 months or so, if the new hives bees don't detect she is
damaged and dismantle her piece by piece, after stinging her many times.

>Will someone shed some light <hee> on this issue.  Do 'some' honey
>producers do this?  What would be gained by doing so, if true?

        It used to be the practice of many beekeepers in the colder
regions of the US and other places to suffocate their bees using the
same gas we use to kill people who offend us in the California judicial
system, but only after we cage them for ten years, and treat them to
a good life of no work, free food, education, health care and cable
TV. This barbaric practice is not used as much as in the past as 500,000
hives that were once gassed off are now moved to California to pollinate
almonds. I am sure this is a fluke and the 24+ million in silver paid
the beekeepers to move the bees has nothing much at all to do with the
need for them. Kind of an act of charity on the part of the almond
farmers for the good sales job done on them by the state educational
system, brain washing them into thinking they need bees and should
compensate the grubby old men, seldom seen in daylight, in coveralls
who brings them to them for a month or so from as far away as 1,000 to
2,000 miles away on the northern and southeastern boarders of the US.

>Anyone know if 'some' kill their bees "rather than help them survive
>the winter"?

Some in the Canadian beekeeper tribe still gas off their bees, but they
are looking for more humane methods of keeping them alive over the
winter so they can work them to death the next season.

   Bees are treated like the lazy socialists they are. They work
themselves a few weeks during the summer so as to have enough food
for the winter. Some dirty old capitalist beekeepers take all the honey
they made for food during the summer and kill them off so they won't eat
more. A lot of other more democratic like beekeepers only take most of
it, and feed the bees a little sugar water if they start to starve to
death when the little food they are left runs out. Not to mention the
confinement of these wild creatures of nature who would just as soon
live in a cave, the under side of a freeway overpass, high in a spacious
warm cavity of a 1,000 year old tree, or the eves of a barn, to a small
restricted over crowded space of a man make bee hive, premeditated
with the fumes of paint and dust from well traveled roads. And then
their is the drugs, you name it and some beekeeper has tried it on his
bees. Smoke them with it, sprayed them, fed them and gas them, to the
point that when a beehive dies most beekeepers can only guess at what
killed them. Mites are the most popular cause of the year. Yeh, big ugly
harry vampire mites, with sharp tools to stab the poor bee and like a
vampire suck out the warm blood from the living bees. And if thats not
enough little ones that will crawl inside the bees and work all the way
to the micro size brain and feed some more. Then the eggs of the mites
hatch out in the crowded capped bee brood cell and feed on the
developing bee, two, three, maybe six or more at a time.

>This sounds a little bogus to me.  Then again, Rosemary is the one that
>tried to 'live trap' cockroachs in her apartment rather than allow the
>landlord to exterminate them. (true fact!)
>>There are thousands of varieties of pollinating bees.  It seems very
>>unlikely that "most fruit" in this country (or any other) is
>>pollinated by honey bees. Sue has made this rather odd claim in the
past - always without support. >

  Much in life is not what it seems. True beekeepers and bees are not
native to America, most of us came from European stock, and we brought
our bees with us. Orchards planted in the land once in pristine
condition are in such numbers, millions of acres, that wild pollinators
can not do the job. Many of the verities of trees were introduced from
regions of the world that do have native honeybees, so have a natural
relationship with honeybees as pollinators. The effort beekeepers put
into rearing bees to produce honey is taken advantage of by the farmer
who does not want to put the same effort into rearing honeybees or other
wild bees. This may not be the way nature intended it, but it is the way
it is. If anyone knows of a better way, that will produce the billion
dollars of almonds produced in California last year, the door is wide
open. Most beekeepers have long ago realized they they were
indispensable, but expendable just like the bees that are killed by
licensed, regulated, and the legal use of pesticides. And few of us make
a better living then what most would call the working poor...and for
sure not the kind of living one would expect who is attending collage,
or has a degree.

Increase or eliminate the minimum wage, or welfare, would not make
any difference to us, we never got it anyway.

  In defence of those who keep bees, the beekeepers. In times of war
they have always been among the first to go, real gun fodder. Even in
WW II, a plan was made to take all the beehives and salvage the wax
>from  them to keep our guns from rusting on the sea voyage to the battle
front. This idea was scraped when it was discovered how much work it
would be and a substitute was found in the oil fields. In the time of
the great finical crisis in the US called the national debt, the
beekeepers honey price support was the first government support program
to be eliminated. First in War, first in peace, beekeepers are there
to serve or give up. Not only our government support programs, but
slowly we are lousing all bee research funds, and educational funds.
Show me a cow sapper, or cotton striper who can say the same. We gave
our blood at the front and gave our money at the USDA crop support
office.

   The future of the beekeeper in the fast approaching next century may
well be in the information age society. The beekeepers who can produce
the most interesting books on how it was to be the last beekeepers may
do OK, as even trashy books sell for more then beehives now.

                                ttul Andy-


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Wed Jan 18 23:35:46 EST 1995
Article: 1171 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.duke.edu!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: The Bee's story from a bees perspective
Date: 17 Jan 1995 22:01:31 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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References: <950117074026736@beenet.com>
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>
>   The future of the beekeeper in the fast approaching next century may
>well be in the information age society. The beekeepers who can produce
>the most interesting books on how it was to be the last beekeepers may
>do OK, as even trashy books sell for more then beehives now.

 Nice!

 Adam

-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From bjford@cix.compulink.co.uk Wed Jan 18 23:35:48 EST 1995
Article: 1172 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bjford@cix.compulink.co.uk ("Brian Ford")
Subject: Spring meeting on BEES
Message-ID: <D2MFFD.ML8@cix.compulink.co.uk>
Organization: Rothay House
Date: Wed, 18 Jan 1995 21:52:24 GMT
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Meeting to be held at Burlington House, Piccadilly, 6-7 April 1995. I 
will gladly mail details if required.

Brian J Ford
Zoological Secretary
Linnean Society.



From crowther@rschp1.anu.edu.au Wed Jan 18 23:35:49 EST 1995
Article: 1173 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!news.mathworks.com!newshost.marcam.com!zip.eecs.umich.edu!caen!msunews!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!newshost.anu.edu.au!newsmaster
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Australian Native Bees - How do you keep them ??
Message-ID: <3fi32g$es7@manuel.anu.edu.au>
From: "Jeffrey A. Crowther" <crowther@rschp1.anu.edu.au>
Date: 18 Jan 1995 03:48:32 GMT
Organization: Australian National University
NNTP-Posting-Host: 150.203.96.2
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Hi all

Has anyone out there ever kept Australian Native bees?? I would like
to do so but I'm not sure that they would behave in the same way in 
hives as other bees and given the smaller size do the same types of
hives fit the purpose ???

If you've had any experience with them I'd like to know.....if you
can point me to any suitable literature that would be great!!

Thanks in advance

Regards
Jeff C.


From jeffs@vnet.ibm.com Wed Jan 18 23:35:52 EST 1995
Article: 1174 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jeffs@vnet.ibm.com (Jeff Smith)
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
Date: Wed, 18 Jan 1995 01:22:35 GMT
Organization: GPL
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu talk.politics.animals:29830 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1174

In article <3fglbh$s9p@eri.erinet.com>,
 on 17 Jan 1995 09:48:17 -0500,
 Corey Lee Bishop <bishop@eri.erinet.com> writes:
>Jeff Smith (jeffs@vnet.ibm.com) wrote:

>: Just how is my statement wrong?  (Realize that at no point have I
>: suggested that honey bee pollination is not useful OR widely used
>: in fruit and vegetable production.)  Other bees and other insects
>: *do* pollinate fruit crops, the question is:  how much is done by
>: honey bees?  Sue claims they are "necessary".  I suggest that fruit
>: was growing (and being "produced") in America before the honey bee
>: arrived.

>Exactly what fruits are you referring to?  Bear in mind that most of
>our fruits and vegetables are from imported species that did not
>exist on this continent before Europeans came.

Well, remember that others were living off the land (hunting, gathering,
and farming) before Europeans arrived.  Among those items the American
Indians farmed were peas, beans, corn, potatoes, squashes and the like.
There were also plums and cherries growing here prior to the honey bee's
arrival, as well as a plethora of berries (currents, cranberries,
strawberries, raspberries, etc), various nuts (chestnuts, hazelnuts,
hickory nuts), seed plants (sunflower), various grains, various melons,
a variety of grapes, tomatoes, and so on.

-Jeff Smith
 jeffs@vnet.ibm.com


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Thu Jan 19 09:36:53 EST 1995
Article: 1175 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
Message-ID: <D2MEE3.FBK@cuug.ab.ca>
Date: Wed, 18 Jan 1995 21:30:00 GMT
References: <19950117.202235.859@vnet.ibm.com>
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: >: *do* pollinate fruit crops, the question is:  how much is done by
: >: honey bees?  Sue claims they are "necessary".  I suggest that fruit
: >: was growing (and being "produced") in America before the honey bee
: >: arrived.

: and farming) before Europeans arrived.  Among those items the American
: Indians farmed were peas, beans, corn, potatoes, squashes and the like.
: There were also plums and cherries growing here prior to the honey bee's
: arrival, as well as a plethora of berries (currents, cranberries,
: strawberries, raspberries, etc), various nuts (chestnuts, hazelnuts,
: hickory nuts), seed plants (sunflower), various grains, various melons,
: a variety of grapes, tomatoes, and so on.

I think that it is possible to get some yield on most crops without 
honeybees most places.

However, honeybees dramatically increase the yield at very little cost and 
keep the costs of production low.  They can be managed and thus can 
ensure that crops are as large as possible.  I doubt that orchard owners, 
seed producers and other farmers would willingly pay up to $100 per hive 
for an input that was in any doubt.

Additionally, 'civilization' has removed quite a bit of the nesting sites
and alternate forage for native pollinators.  Monoculture and irrigation
results in long periods without alternate forage in many locations.  It
also periodically requires the use of sprays which repeatedly decimate the 
pollinators (including honeybees sometimes). 

I think that in most cases the fruits and berries that were grown before 
the advent of the honeybee were grown in patches surrounded by wilderness 
and other patches with other crops.

Many of our present methods of growing cheap food would be risky, or 
impossible without migratory beekeeping.  It is partly for this reason 
that the movemnet of bees has been permitted, in spite of the inevitable, 
predictable, and costly spread of both parasitic mites that results.

Thus the bees and their keepers have taken a big hit to keep America fed. 
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                      VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From rogerpost@delphi.com Thu Jan 19 09:36:54 EST 1995
Article: 1176 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!pipex!uunet!news.delphi.com!rogerpost
From: rogerpost@delphi.com (Roger Post)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Cat Quandary
Date: 19 Jan 1995 11:16:23 GMT
Organization: Delphi Internet Services Corporation
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NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1a.delphi.com
X-To: Roger Post <rogerpost@delphi.com>

In article <bhatchD2Io8I.F9L@netcom.com>, bhatch@netcom.com (Bob "Another
beer, please" Christ) writes: > 

> Why not ask the experts?  Followups to talk.politics.animals because, 
> that's where all this started.
> 
> Rosemary Waigh (bp239@FreeNet.Carleton.CA) wrote:
> 
> : Some honey producers disable the queen bee by blinding her or clipping
> : her wings.
> 
> Will someone shed some light <hee> on this issue.  Do 'some' honey
> producers do this?  What would be gained by doing so, if true?
> 
> : Some, in cold climates, kill the bees (who are from a warmer part
> : of the world) rather than help them survive the winter.  Around here
> : at least, if there are apiarists who treat their bees well, the
> : honeys are not labelled as such so it's impossible to support them.
> 
> Anyone know if 'some' kill their bees "rather than help them survive 
> the winter"?
> 
> This sounds a little bogus to me.  Then again, Rosemary is the one that
> tried to 'live trap' cockroachs in her apartment rather than allow the
> landlord to exterminate them. (true fact!)
> 
> Also....
> 
> jeffs@vnet.ibm.com (Jeff Smith) writes:
> 
> >There are thousands of varieties of pollinating bees.  It seems very
> >unlikely that "most fruit" in this country (or any other) is pollinated
> >by honey bees.  Sue has made this rather odd claim in the past - always
> >without support.
> 
> Anyone know the stats about this?
> 
> 
> Bob
> 
> ---
> This person is currently undergoing electric shock therapy at Agnews
> Developmental Center in San Jose, California.   All his opinions are
> static, please ignore him.
>                              Thank you,  Nurse Ratched
> 

It is my understanding that in Alaska beekeepers often, sometimes, kill their
bees in the fall and then purchase new ones in the spring. 

I do not know anything about blinding a queen but You can purchase clipped
queens. The reason for clipping them is that if the have swarmes the bees will 
not leave the old queen. If she can not fly then the swarm will go no where
and the beekeeper can pick her up and put her in a new hive. Of course if he
is good he probabley will not let them swarm in the first place but every once 
in a while there is a hive that is just set on swarming and it is hard to
prevent them from doing so.


From olda.vancata@posnet.co.uk Fri Jan 27 12:11:09 EST 1995
Article: 1183 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!pipex!ibmpcug!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!posnet!olda.vancata
From: olda.vancata@posnet.co.uk (Olda Vancata)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Queen introduction
Date: Wed, 18 Jan 1995 22:38:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95012014000663@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 15        

I am looking for different methods of queen-introduktion.

I would be pleased for as many proposals as possible but I am
specially interested in those that temporary wipe out the
pheromone system of the behive ( alcohol-spray and such types).

I am also looking for all litterature references.

Olda Vancata

---
 * Origin: BiBeBeeS BBS, Skultuna, Sweden, +46 -(0)21-70757 (240:46/0)


From jeffs@vnet.ibm.com Fri Jan 27 12:11:10 EST 1995
Article: 1184 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!uunet!newsgate.watson.ibm.com!watnews.watson.ibm.com!locutus.rchland.ibm.com!usenet
From: jeffs@vnet.ibm.com (Jeff Smith)
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
Date: Fri, 20 Jan 1995 16:06:48 GMT
Organization: GPL
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu talk.politics.animals:29926 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1184

In article <3fmbl9$sf6@eri.erinet.com>,
 on 19 Jan 1995 13:39:37 -0500,
 Corey Lee Bishop <bishop@eri.erinet.com> writes:
>Jeff Smith (jeffs@vnet.ibm.com) wrote:
>: In article <3fglbh$s9p@eri.erinet.com>,
>:  on 17 Jan 1995 09:48:17 -0500,
>:  Corey Lee Bishop <bishop@eri.erinet.com> writes:
>: >Jeff Smith (jeffs@vnet.ibm.com) wrote:
Subject: Re: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
From: jeffs@vnet.ibm.com (Jeff Smith)
Reply-To: jeffs@vnet.ibm.com (Jeff Smith)
Organization: GPL
Path: jeffs
Message-ID: <19950120.110648.814@vnet.ibm.com>
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: Fri, 20 Jan 1995 15:27:26 GMT

>:>: Just how is my statement wrong?  (Realize that at no point have I
>:>: suggested that honey bee pollination is not useful OR widely used
>:>: in fruit and vegetable production.)  Other bees and other insects
>:>: *do* pollinate fruit crops, the question is:  how much is done by
>:>: honey bees?  Sue claims they are "necessary".  I suggest that fruit
>:>: was growing (and being "produced") in America before the honey bee
>:>: arrived.

>:>Exactly what fruits are you referring to?  Bear in mind that most of
>:>our fruits and vegetables are from imported species that did not
>:>exist on this continent before Europeans came.

>:Well, remember that others were living off the land (hunting,
>:gathering, and farming) before Europeans arrived.  Among those items
>:the American Indians farmed were peas, beans, corn, potatoes, squashes
>:and the like.  There were also plums and cherries growing here prior
>:to the honey bee's arrival, as well as a plethora of berries (currents,
>:cranberries, strawberries, raspberries, etc), various nuts (chestnuts,
>:hazelnuts, hickory nuts), seed plants (sunflower), various grains,
>:various melons, a variety of grapes, tomatoes, and so on.

>Since you are against exploitation of bees, do you restrict your diets
>to foods that are not mainly fertilized by honey bees?

I would be surprised if anyone (vegan, AR, whatever) did this. Please
indicate why you think anyone should.  (Are you abandoning the issue of
necessity at this point?)

(Note:  let's be kind with the cross-posts and keep to the appropriate
 newsgroup.  It's reasonable enough to have this thread in sci.agri-
 culture.beekeeping only so long as it has some technical bearing; if
 you really want to discuss diet and morality, please redirect follow-
 ups appropriately.)

>Sue

-Jeff Smith
 jeffs@vnet.ibm.com


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Fri Jan 27 12:11:11 EST 1995
Article: 1185 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsfeed.pitt.edu!dsinc!netnews.upenn.edu!dolphin.upenn.edu!djt
From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
Date: 20 Jan 1995 03:31:42 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
Lines: 54
Message-ID: <3fnaqu$iru@netnews.upenn.edu>
References: <19950117.202235.859@vnet.ibm.com> <3fmbl9$sf6@eri.erinet.com>
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu talk.politics.animals:29943 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1185

Corey Lee Bishop (bishop@eri.erinet.com) wrote:


: Since you are against exploitation of bees, do you restrict your diets
: to foods that are not mainly fertilized by honey bees?

: Sue


You're joking, right?  This thread has been somewhat amusing -
particularly the comments (if rather gruesome) by Andy - but it's 
beginning to become silly.  If you're really this worried about this you
should seriously consider finding a local beekeeper and asking if you
might come and visit his/her apiary.  If there's one thing I've learned
about beekeeping, it's not to be too idealistic about "nature."   Have 
you ever heard about "the massacre of the drones?"  Do you know what 
happens to queens when they begin to fail at egg production?

As for exploitation fo bees, what beekeepers are doing is exploiting the 
ability of bees to produce MORE honey than they can actually consume in a 
season (i.e., throught the winter and into the spring when nectar becomes 
available again).  The "natural" course of things is for the bees, once 
they have more or less filled up the available space in the hive, to use 
their extra energies to produce a swarm(s) - which departs to start a new 
colony.  Thus is the race propagated.  What beekeepers do is to remove 
the "extra" honey and replace it with more "space."  The intention is for 
the bees to fill that empty space with more honey - rather than produce a 
swarm and depart for parts unknown.

Callingthis exploitation is about as ludicrous as claiming that women in
the workplace are exploited because their energies are diverted 
>from  making and raising babies.

Is this exploitation?  How do you define exploitation in the first 
place?  I looked it up in my unabridged Webster's.  The key point seems 
to hinge upon "unjust advantage."  (As for my bees, nobody is forcing 
them to stay.  They can leave anytime they wish if they think things are 
unfair.)  Most beekeepers put a hell of a lot of time and effort into 
their bees.  There is a very substantial literature treating THIS aspect 
of beekeeping.  I suggest you look up and read:

"The Queen Must Die - and Other Affairs of Bees and Men"
by William Longgood

or

"A Book of Bees"
by Sue Hubbell


Dave Trickett
Phd Program in Energy and the Enviroment
UPenn



From cprice@cix.compulink.co.uk Fri Jan 27 12:11:12 EST 1995
Article: 1186 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!pipex!uknet!cix.compulink.co.uk!usenet
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Cat Quandary
Message-ID: <D2p54H.B4t@cix.compulink.co.uk>
From: cprice@cix.compulink.co.uk ("Chris Price")
Date: Fri, 20 Jan 1995 09:02:40 GMT
References: <bhatchD2Io8I.F9L@netcom.com>
Organization: Compulink Information eXchange
X-News-Software: Ameol
Lines: 21

 bhatch@netcom.com (Bob "Another beer, please" Christ) wrote in
 Message-ID: <bhatchD2Io8I.F9L@netcom.com>:---

> 
> Rosemary Waigh (bp239@FreeNet.Carleton.CA) wrote:
> 
> : Some honey producers disable the queen bee by blinding her or clipping
> : her wings.
> 
> Will someone shed some light <hee> on this issue.  Do 'some' honey
> producers do this?  What would be gained by doing so, if true?<<<<<

I don't know about blinding the queen but wing clipping is used as a 
swarm control:  the ides is that the queen can'y fly so that when she 
tries to leave she falls onto the ground and dies and thus there is no 
queen for the swarm to follow; or she walks back to the hive and the 
swarm still has no queen to follow to a new place.   i don't clp my 
queens because I'm too ham-fisted to do it well--otherwise.......

Chris.



From cprice@cix.compulink.co.uk Fri Jan 27 12:11:13 EST 1995
Article: 1187 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!pipex!uknet!cix.compulink.co.uk!usenet
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: New Beekeeper
Message-ID: <D2p54M.B5o@cix.compulink.co.uk>
From: cprice@cix.compulink.co.uk ("Chris Price")
Date: Fri, 20 Jan 1995 09:02:46 GMT
References: <3fh7jp$bqj@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu>
Organization: Compulink Information eXchange
X-News-Software: Ameol
Lines: 22

jml@prairienet.org (Joan Lane) writes in
 Message-ID: <3fh7jp$bqj@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu>:--
 
> Am I glad to find this group.  I have been trying to keep bees for the 
> last
> several years.  They die out every winter. I have been ordering new 
> bees each
> spring. What can I do to overwinter my bees?  I only want one or two 
> hives
> This year I am ordering bees from Blue Ridge Apiaries that are suppose 
> to be mite resistant.  Any comments on these bees?  Thanks for any help.
> Joan<<<<<<<

Are you giving them enough winter feed?  I reckon that mine should have a 
minimum of 20 kilograms--say 44 lbs;  some strains might need more.  and 
I check about now to feel how heavy the hive is in case they neeed a 
top-up feed.

Secondly, are you ensuring that the hive is well ventilated?  I raise my 
crowm board on matches at each corner which allows the warm moist air to 
escape in a gentle flow.  Chris.



From martak@umd5.umd.edu Fri Jan 27 12:11:14 EST 1995
Article: 1188 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!solaris.cc.vt.edu!news.duke.edu!eff!news.umbc.edu!haven.umd.edu!hecate.umd.edu!macbeth.umd.edu!martak
From: "M.S.Korotynski" <martak@umd5.umd.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: A.M.WEATHER off air Feb.3! Please help!
Date: Thu, 19 Jan 1995 11:35:35 -0500
Organization: University of Maryland, College Park
Lines: 27
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NNTP-Posting-Host: macbeth.umd.edu
Mime-Version: 1.0
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X-Sender: martak@macbeth.umd.edu

To all viewers of A.M. WEATHER!

Maryland Public Television decided to pull us off air effective
Feb. 3, 1995. The reason: to make room for an extended edition
of Bloomberg Business News.

Our show has been serving the farming community for the past
16 years (!!), and was offered FREE to all PBS stations.
Now, it's gone. The crew, engineers, and producer were all fired.

It is a wrong decision. It serves no purpose at all, except to satisfy 
a couple of overgrown egos.

If you would like to write about this situation (maybe there is a chance
to change it) please direct your letters to:

	Raymond Ho
	President
	Maryland Public Television
	Owings Mills, MD 21117

	Tel: 1-800-223-3678     FAX: 410-581-4338

Yours truly,

Roman Korotynski
('former' Art Director for A.M. WEATHER)


From pollinator@aol.com Fri Jan 27 12:11:16 EST 1995
Article: 1189 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!pirates!emory!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!swiss.ans.net!newstf01.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Maple Syrup Houses and Bees
Date: 20 Jan 1995 21:35:20 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 20
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
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References: <D2nruF.D0v@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)

mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.) asks:
>Last year I put a hive on an organic farm.
>This farm also produces maple syrup.
>Starting in March the sugar house will be going
>24 hours a day.
>If the weather permits fly days, 
>will the bees seek out the syrup and become a problem?  
> (Maple flavored honey?) :>
>Would it be wiser to move the hive now
>and then put it back after?

   If you have warm days before any real nectar sources are available, and
the sugar house is open, the bees will be a royal pain in the neck, and a
lot of them will drown/cook in the evaporating pan.  I've had them come in
great numbers when I'm making syrup.  As soon as the willows start to
yield nectar, the bees will stop, but that is usually about the end of the
maple flow too.

Pollinator@aol.com
Eastern Pollinator Newsletter, PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC   29554


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Fri Jan 27 12:11:17 EST 1995
Article: 1190 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: Plant concoction for varroa mite (fwd)
Message-ID: <D2pKwn.Kvq@cuug.ab.ca>
Date: Fri, 20 Jan 1995 14:43:35 GMT
References: <3fhkvf$bjf@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <5oy6Rfi.meaderyman@delphi.com>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL0]
Lines: 10

: effective. He prefers oxalic acid. I told Dr. Shimanuki and Dr. Morse about the
: oxalic acid but they showed no interest.

Exactly how do they use the oxalic acid?  Formic is used with good 
results, but oxalic is a solid and doesn't fume the same way as far as I 
know.
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                      VE6CFK
Rural Route One, Swalwell,  Alberta  Canada  T0M 1Y0
Phone/Fax: 403 546 2588      Email: dicka@CUUG.AB.CA


From narad@nudibranch.asd.sgi.com Fri Jan 27 12:11:18 EST 1995
Article: 1191 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!yale.edu!spool.mu.edu!sgiblab!sgigate.sgi.com!fido.asd.sgi.com!nudibranch!narad
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
Message-ID: <3fovv1$7bp@fido.asd.sgi.com>
From: narad@nudibranch.asd.sgi.com (Chuck Narad)
Date: 20 Jan 1995 18:38:25 GMT
References: <19950117.202235.859@vnet.ibm.com> <3fmbl9$sf6@eri.erinet.com> 
 <3fnaqu$iru@netnews.upenn.edu>
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu talk.politics.animals:29981 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1191

In article <3fnaqu$iru@netnews.upenn.edu>, djt@dolphin.upenn.edu writes:
> Corey Lee Bishop (bishop@eri.erinet.com) wrote:
> 
> 
> : Since you are against exploitation of bees, do you restrict your diets
> : to foods that are not mainly fertilized by honey bees?
> 
> : Sue
> 
> 
> You're joking, right?  This thread has been somewhat amusing -
> particularly the comments (if rather gruesome) by Andy - but it's 
> beginning to become silly. 

I think sue is using rectio ad absurdum here; since vegans
avoid honey since "it was obtained through the exploitation
of bees", she's asking if the same people are willing to
enjoy the, um, fruits of bees' labor one step removed.

If you buy in to the idea that it is impossible to live
without some killing and/or exploitation of other critters
(in other words, if you are a realist) then you decide if
there is some line you don't want to cross.  For some there
is no line.  For some the line is eating of animals.  For
some the line is eating of animal products (e.g. dairy, honey).
Sue is asking someone who asserts that they are against
the 'exploitation' of bees, if they follow it to the logical
conclusion...

cheers,
chuck/

-----------------------------------------------------------
| Chuck Narad -- diver/adventurer/engineer                |
|                                                         |
|   "The universe is full of magical things, patiently    |
|   waiting for our wits to grow sharper."                |
|                                                         |
|                   -- Eden Phillpotts                    |
|                                                         |
-----------------------------------------------------------


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Fri Jan 27 12:11:19 EST 1995
Article: 1192 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!news.cac.psu.edu!news.pop.psu.edu!hudson.lm.com!godot.cc.duq.edu!newsfeed.pitt.edu!dsinc!netnews.upenn.edu!dolphin.upenn.edu!djt
From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Survivor Italians
Date: 21 Jan 1995 21:36:11 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
Lines: 11
Message-ID: <3fruob$ed3@netnews.upenn.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: dolphin.upenn.edu
Summary: Queens which are resistant to varroa mites
Keywords: queen survivor resistance varroa
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2-upenn1.1]

I noticed York's 95 catalog (just arrived in the mail) is listing 
"Survivor Italian" queens (surviving with respect to mites, etc.) and notes 
that they were a popular item last season.  Anyone had any experience 
with these or any other queens promoted as "survivors."  I'll be 
augmenting my (very) modest operation with as many feral swarms as 
possible this year in hopes of gleening whatever naturally selected  
resistance may be developing in the field - but am also interested in 
what the commercials are developing. 

--
Dave Trickett


From bishop@eri.erinet.com Fri Jan 27 12:11:20 EST 1995
Article: 1193 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!news.erinet.com!eri.erinet.com!not-for-mail
From: bishop@eri.erinet.com (Corey Lee Bishop)
Newsgroups: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: apicultural management and troll response(was Re: Cat Quandary)
Followup-To: talk.politics.animals,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 22 Jan 1995 10:39:05 -0500
Organization: EriNet Online 513 436-9915
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References: <19950117.202235.859@vnet.ibm.com> <3fmbl9$sf6@eri.erinet.com> <3fnaqu$iru@netnews.upenn.edu>
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu talk.politics.animals:30042 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1193

David J Trickett (djt@dolphin.upenn.edu) wrote:
: Corey Lee Bishop (bishop@eri.erinet.com) wrote:


: : Since you are against exploitation of bees, do you restrict your diets
: : to foods that are not mainly fertilized by honey bees?

: : Sue


: You're joking, right?  This thread has been somewhat amusing -
: particularly the comments (if rather gruesome) by Andy - but it's 
: beginning to become silly.  If you're really this worried about this you
: should seriously consider finding a local beekeeper and asking if you
: might come and visit his/her apiary.  If there's one thing I've learned
: about beekeeping, it's not to be too idealistic about "nature."   Have 
: you ever heard about "the massacre of the drones?"  Do you know what 
: happens to queens when they begin to fail at egg production?

You are misunderstanding my posting.  What started this whole thread was
the statement by several of the Animal Rights supporters on the Talk.
Politics.Animals group that the honeybee is 'exploited' by humans and
they were saying that they did not use honey as a result.  I was inquiring
as to their stand on eating fruit/vegetables that are produced as a
result of honeybee fertilization.

BTW, I have read The Queen Must Die.

And my father keeps bees (as a hobby).

Sue


: As for exploitation fo bees, what beekeepers are doing is exploiting the 
: ability of bees to produce MORE honey than they can actually consume in a 
: season (i.e., throught the winter and into the spring when nectar becomes 
: available again).  The "natural" course of things is for the bees, once 
: they have more or less filled up the available space in the hive, to use 
: their extra energies to produce a swarm(s) - which departs to start a new 
: colony.  Thus is the race propagated.  What beekeepers do is to remove 
: the "extra" honey and replace it with more "space."  The intention is for 
: the bees to fill that empty space with more honey - rather than produce a 
: swarm and depart for parts unknown.

: Callingthis exploitation is about as ludicrous as claiming that women in
: the workplace are exploited because their energies are diverted 
: from making and raising babies.

: Is this exploitation?  How do you define exploitation in the first 
: place?  I looked it up in my unabridged Webster's.  The key point seems 
: to hinge upon "unjust advantage."  (As for my bees, nobody is forcing 
: them to stay.  They can leave anytime they wish if they think things are 
: unfair.)  Most beekeepers put a hell of a lot of time and effort into 
: their bees.  There is a very substantial literature treating THIS aspect 
: of beekeeping.  I suggest you look up and read:

: "The Queen Must Die - and Other Affairs of Bees and Men"
: by William Longgood

: or

: "A Book of Bees"
: by Sue Hubbell


: Dave Trickett
: Phd Program in Energy and the Enviroment
: UPenn



From hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk Fri Jan 27 12:11:22 EST 1995
Article: 1194 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!ibmpcug!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!posnet!hugo.veerkamp
From: hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk (Hugo Veerkamp)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: routing the Beenet..
Date: Fri, 20 Jan 1995 13:04:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95012216000472@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 93        

hi Andy,

 >     I see you are getting connected.. How have you
 > guys worked it out?

its kinda complex but it seems to work..

what happens is this:

0. Steve Turner( London, U.K.) polls
   Ron Dixon locally for both wildnet
   and usenet;

1.from usenet he gets newsgroup
  sci.agriculture.beekeeping
  (this, Adam Finkelsteins area),
  which is exported to Amsterdam,
  Holland as echomail area INTBEE.
  INTBEE then travels all over
  Europe via Beenet.

2.from wildnet he gets WN_BEE-NET
  ( your area..)
  after arriving in Amsterdam it
  is also forwarded into Beenet.

 > Are you calling UK to get internet e-mail and news
 > groups, plus WildNet?

   Steve polls me to bring us
   these areas.

3. I exchange Internet email via the
   uucp<->fidonet gate in Oregon
   (Randy Bush)
   This enables me to get both BEE-L
   and BOMBUS-L messages

   These last two are filtered here
   from the bulk of my netmail
   messages, and forwarded into Beenet
   as echo areas, BEEL.BIN and
   BOMBUS.BIN, respectively.
   ('read only' for now)


In conclusion I guess you can say that
"we're connected" ;-{)

 >     Let me know whats going on, and hope to see some
 > posts from the
 > beekeepers in Europe soon.

Lets hope they'll start using this
intricate setup; I already heard several
rumours that the english language still
poses a barrier for many european beekeeps.
The fins like to use finnish worldwide,
so do the dutch and the germans..
It will take a while before they all learn
some more english.


I think this should answer anybodies
questions about our setup.


sincerely, Hugo

P.S. do you still send out beetexts as
messages after receipt of a suitable
request ?
I'd like to install that option too;
please let me know
which program you use for that ?!
(and where to get it )

               \|/
               @ @             Hugo Veerkamp
 ----------oOO-(_)-OOo---------------------------------------------
| reply to:                     BEENET INTERNATIONAL               |
| Hugo.Veerkamp@f28.n2801.z2.fidonet.org| mail : the Bee bbs       |
|                                       |        P.O. BOX 51008    |
| DO NOT SIMPLY PRESS REPLY BUTTON !!   |        1007EA AMSTERDAM  |
|(or your reply gets lost in bit heaven)|        The Netherlands   |
| Beenet : 240:31/0                     | modem: +31 20 6764105    |
| Fidonet: 2:2801/28                    | voice: +31 20 6715663    |
 ------------------------------------------------------------------

--- FMail 0.96â+
 * Origin: zzz the BEE bbs Amsterdam Holland +31 20 6764105 zzz (240:231/100)


From hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk Fri Jan 27 12:11:23 EST 1995
Article: 1195 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!ibmpcug!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!posnet!hugo.veerkamp
From: hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk (Hugo Veerkamp)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: autoclaving AFB spores
Date: Fri, 20 Jan 1995 13:17:01 GMT
Message-ID: <95012216000573@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 53        

hi all,

Here in Holland we experienced multiple
outbreaks of American Foulbrood last season.
The only legal countermeasure consists of
total destruction ( burning) of all infected
material, incl. hives( with and without bees),
tools, supplies, etc. A regular disaster for
the beekeeper(s) involved.

Despite these rigorous measures, AFB keeps
returning; obviously our system is not at
all fullproof.
There are those seeking a more rational
approach.
One proposal is to burn just the infected
colonies, but to use an autoclave ( a huge
pressure cooker that heats in a damp
atmosfere under elevated pressures) to
disinfect equipment and/or wax. It is known
that AFB spores are VERY resistant to
environmental influences. What I'd like to
know is if anyone has done any work on this
type of disinfecting AFB spores, or if any
literature references are known in this
field. One solution could be to start
warming up the materials to an ideal
germinating temp( about 35 celcius),
after which a high temp. ( 120 c.) treatment
might kill off the germinated bacteria; some
autoclaves can be programmed to follow such
temperature trajects.

Thanx for any info you can supply !

sincerely, Hugo

               \|/
               @ @             Hugo Veerkamp
 ----------oOO-(_)-OOo---------------------------------------------
| reply to:                     BEENET INTERNATIONAL               |
| Hugo.Veerkamp@f28.n2801.z2.fidonet.org| mail : the Bee bbs       |
|                                       |        P.O. BOX 51008    |
| DO NOT SIMPLY PRESS REPLY BUTTON !!   |        1007EA AMSTERDAM  |
|(or your reply gets lost in bit heaven)|        The Netherlands   |
| Beenet : 240:31/0                     | modem: +31 20 6764105    |
| Fidonet: 2:2801/28                    | voice: +31 20 6715663    |
 ------------------------------------------------------------------

--- FMail 0.96â+
 * Origin: zzz the BEE bbs Amsterdam Holland +31 20 6764105 zzz (240:231/100)


From bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca Fri Jan 27 12:11:24 EST 1995
Article: 1196 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!news.mindlink.net!news
From: bill fernihough <bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: autoclaving AFB spores
Date: 23 Jan 1995 01:32:19 GMT
Organization: MIND LINK! Communications Corp.
Lines: 59
Message-ID: <3fv0v3$b7g@deep.rsoft.bc.ca>
References: <95012216000573@posnet.co.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: line37.nwm.mindlink.net

hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk (Hugo Veerkamp) wrote:
>
> hi all,
> 
> Here in Holland we experienced multiple
> outbreaks of American Foulbrood last season.
> The only legal countermeasure consists of
> total destruction ( burning) of all infected
> material, incl. hives( with and without bees),
> tools, supplies, etc. A regular disaster for
> the beekeeper(s) involved.
> 
> Despite these rigorous measures, AFB keeps
> returning; obviously our system is not at
> all fullproof.



> There are those seeking a more rational
> approach.
> One proposal is to burn just the infected
> colonies, but to use an autoclave ( a huge
> pressure cooker that heats in a damp
> atmosfere under elevated pressures) to
> disinfect equipment and/or wax. It is known
> that AFB spores are VERY resistant to
> environmental influences. What I'd like to
> know is if anyone has done any work on this
> type of disinfecting AFB spores, or if any
> literature references are known in this
> field. One solution could be to start
> warming up the materials to an ideal
> germinating temp( about 35 celcius),
> after which a high temp. ( 120 c.) treatment
> might kill off the germinated bacteria; some
> autoclaves can be programmed to follow such
> temperature trajects.
> 
> Thanx for any info you can supply !
> 
> sincerely, Hugo
> 
>                \|/
>                @ @             Hugo Veerkamp
>  ----------oOO-(_)-OOo---------------------------------------------
> | reply to:                     BEENET INTERNATIONAL               |
> | Hugo.Veerkamp@f28.n2801.z2.fidonet.org| mail : the Bee bbs       |
> |                                       |        P.O. BOX 51008    |
> | DO NOT SIMPLY PRESS REPLY BUTTON !!   |        1007EA AMSTERDAM  |
> |(or your reply gets lost in bit heaven)|        The Netherlands   |
> | Beenet : 240:31/0                     | modem: +31 20 6764105    |
> | Fidonet: 2:2801/28                    | voice: +31 20 6715663    |
>  ------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> --- FMail 0.96â+
>  * Origin: zzz the BEE bbs Amsterdam Holland +31 20 6764105 zzz (240:231/100)

I have not heard of trying this, as the heat may not be enough.  HOwever, I have heard
of using radiation, if that is available there somewhere.  


From john@musicman.com Fri Jan 27 12:11:25 EST 1995
Article: 1197 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!heifetz.msen.com!johng
From: johng@garnet.msen.com (John Green)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping Book FS
Date: 24 Jan 1995 04:32:48 GMT
Organization: musicman.com
Lines: 19
Message-ID: <3g1vtg$k92$3@heifetz.msen.com>
Reply-To: john@musicman.com
NNTP-Posting-Host: garnet.msen.com
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]


Beekeeping Book FS

Dadant & Sons, eds.  The Hive and the Honey Bee:  A New Book on 
Beekeeping Which Continues the Tradition of "Langstroth on the Hive and 
the Honeybee."  Hamilton, Illinois:  Dadant & Sons, 1975; Revised 
Edition.  Hard cover, index, bibliography, photos and drawings.  740 
pages, excellent condition.

$12 post paid in U.S.

reply email john@musicman.com





--
   


From bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca Fri Jan 27 12:11:26 EST 1995
Article: 1198 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!hookup!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!overload.lbl.gov!agate!news.mindlink.net!news
From: bill fernihough <bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Plastic Combs
Date: 24 Jan 1995 05:38:19 GMT
Organization: MIND LINK! Communications Corp.
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <3g23ob$4lq@deep.rsoft.bc.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: line21.nwm.mindlink.net

I tried plastic combs last year, and was very pleased with the result, in fact I will not go back to the old wax type foundation.
Several of my beekeeping buddies say its too expensive, so I wondered if anyone out there had done a financial analysis?
If not are there some of you interested in putting our heads together and working out this thing.  As I am an amateur
beekeeper, like 8 hive in my backyard, but with 10 years experience, I dopn't appreciate a lot of work.
The plastic foundation I tried worked great to replace old foundation blackened with age.  It snapped into the
wood frames just fine, but hey, no wiring and all that.  Sure it was a job to clean the old frames so that the
foundation could be put into the slots, but that's life.  It might have been easier to build new frames and put the foundaion 
into them.  I also tried the one piece plastic frames, both deep and Dadant sizes, with great results.
I didn't use the wax coated ones, which in hindsight, would have been better to do.  I am going to melt some 
of my wax down, and apply a thin coat with a fine brush to those as yet unsued.  However, I found that a
strong hive during a honey flow will treat the plastic combs fine.  Don't try them otherwise unless
they are wax coated.  I found the Dadant size ones seemed to be accepted very well during a honey flow too.
In both cases, but much better with the Dadant sizes, the comb building was great, the final product
very smooth, and uncapping a pleasure.  Also, no bulged foundation with high speed extracting.
I did have some comb-foundation seperation though, but not serious.
Post replies please, or e-mail me at <bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca>



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Jan 27 12:11:27 EST 1995
Article: 1200 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Plastic Combs
Date: 24 Jan 1995 10:57:50 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 19
Message-ID: <3g2mfe$1eg@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <3g23ob$4lq@deep.rsoft.bc.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

 Regarding plastic foundation:
If you are commercial and turn in your wax for foundation, wax foundation
is relatively inexpensive, easy to use and if by chance you get brood
disease, easy to destroy or melt down.
 Plastic foundation is more expensive, easy to use and a problem if you
have brood disease.
 Working with wax foundation is not difficult if you have the proper tools
and time your frame- making well.
Some beekeepers could make up ten hives with the bees on the back of their
truck by lunch time, others have ten colonies as their total operation.
I have around 60 - 70 for queen rearing and I'll always use crimp wired
foundation. I'm trying to go all medium depth (Illinois) as well.
Adam

-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From jpetheri@cs-acad-lan.Lakeheadu.Ca Fri Jan 27 12:11:28 EST 1995
Article: 1201 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!torn!storm!cs-acad-lan.Lakeheadu.Ca!jpetheri
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Maple Syrup Houses and Bees
Message-ID: <jpetheri.56@cs-acad-lan.Lakeheadu.Ca>
From: jpetheri@cs-acad-lan.Lakeheadu.Ca (J PETHERICK - OCCUP HEALTH)
Date: 23 Jan 1995 22:37:08 GMT
Sender: news@storm.LakeheadU.Ca
References: <D2nruF.D0v@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Distribution: na
Organization: Lakehead University
Lines: 32

In article <D2nruF.D0v@nntpa.cb.att.com> mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.) writes:

>Last year I put a hive on an organic farm.
>This farm also produces maple syrup.
>Starting in March the sugar house will be going
>24 hours a day.
>If the weather permits fly days, 
>will the bees seek out the syrup and become a problem?  
> (Maple flavored honey?) :>
>Would it be wiser to move the hive now
>and then put it back after?

Well, speaking from my experience with my father's bees and maple syrup 
operation:

No, they won't be a problem - unless your hive is right beside the sugar 
shack.

If the daytime temperature goes high enough to allow bees to fly, the sap 
run usually stops.  Even if they do start to fly, it's usually simply 
cleansing flights.

During the past seven years, I've never seen any bees around the sugar shack 
or in any of the sap pails.  The hives are located about 400 yds from the 
sugar shack at about treetop level (my father built a platform to keep the 
hives away from bears, allow him to carry supers directly into second floor 
of barn and provide enough light, air, etc).  The bees sometimes can be a 
nuisance during washing up, though - since this is usually when warm 
enough for flights, the sap run having gone "buddy" or stopped. 

John Petherick,
Lakehead University


From meaderyman@delphi.com Fri Jan 27 12:11:29 EST 1995
Article: 1202 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!news2.near.net!news.delphi.com!usenet
From: Robert Allen Stevens <meaderyman@delphi.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Plant concoction for varroa mite (fwd)
Date: Tue, 24 Jan 95 22:51:39 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
Lines: 12
Message-ID: <xiy6Ser.meaderyman@delphi.com>
References: <3fhkvf$bjf@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <5oy6Rfi.meaderyman@delphi.com> <D2pKwn.Kvq@cuug.ab.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1c.delphi.com
X-To: Allen Dick 546-2588 <dicka@cuug.ab.ca>

Allen Dick 546-2588 <dicka@cuug.ab.ca> writes:
 
>Exactly how do they use the oxalic acid?  Formic is used with good 
>results, but oxalic is a solid and doesn't fume the same way as far as I 
>know.
 
They put it into solution and spray it directly on the bees - takes 3-4
minutes per hive. they can't be getting a very complete kill unless they
are doing it in a broodless period. Oxalic is natrally occuring in the
Sorrel plant and can be quite poisonous - so don't try it on a hive you
are not willing to lose.  they use a 10 percent solution but then there
oxalic acid might not be the same concentration as ours.


From steve.mercer@network.com Fri Jan 27 12:11:31 EST 1995
Article: 1203 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!winternet.com!news2.mr.net!mr.net!msc.edu!network.com!news
From: steve.mercer@network.com (Steve E. Mercer)
Subject: Re: sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ
Message-ID: <D2xoDF.24w@network.com>
Sender: news@network.com
Reply-To: steve.mercer@network.com
Organization: Network Systems Corporation
References: <3f73kt$8ko@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Date: Tue, 24 Jan 1995 23:39:14 GMT
Lines: 29

In article 8ko@solaris.cc.vt.edu,  adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein) writes:
>sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ
>1/12/94
> This is FAQ #7 for sci.agriculture.beekeeping. 

...

> * Mead lovers list:
>   mead-lovers-request@eklektix.com   mead mailing list (subscribe, unsubscribe
>   etc) mead-lovers@eklektix.com (to send message to all current mead-lover
>   subscribers)



The address for the Mead lovers list has recently changed.
The new information is:

# NOTE: Digest only appears when there is enough material to send one.
# Send ONLY articles for the digest to mead@talisman.com.
# Use mead-request@talisman.com for [un]subscribe/admin requests.  When
#     subscribing, please include name and email address in body of message.
# Digest archives and FAQ are available for anonymous ftp at ftp.stanford.edu
#     in pub/clubs/homebrew/mead.

---
Steve Mercer
steve.mercer@network.com




From kac@bunter.dartmouth.edu Fri Jan 27 12:11:34 EST 1995
Article: 1204 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!purdue!news.bu.edu!dartvax.dartmouth.edu!bunter.dartmouth.edu!kac
From: kac@bunter.dartmouth.edu (Keith Cutting)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Swarming
Date: Wed, 25 Jan 1995 20:10:53 GMT
Organization: Dartmouth College
Lines: 6
Message-ID: <kac.8.2F26B04C@bunter.dartmouth.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: webster.dartmouth.edu
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

I am interested in informaton on swarming.  Personal experiences, research, 
general opinions, ect.  I have been volunteered to discuss this subject at our 
Associations spring "bee school".  Anything that could be shared would be 
appreciated.  Thanks in advance

Keith.Cutting@Dartmouth.edu


From kac@bunter.dartmouth.edu Fri Jan 27 12:11:35 EST 1995
Article: 1205 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!purdue!news.bu.edu!dartvax.dartmouth.edu!bunter.dartmouth.edu!kac
From: kac@bunter.dartmouth.edu (Keith Cutting)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Swarming
Date: Wed, 25 Jan 1995 20:18:05 GMT
Organization: Dartmouth College
Lines: 6
Message-ID: <kac.9.2F26B1FC@bunter.dartmouth.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: webster.dartmouth.edu
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

I am interested in informaton on swarming.  Personal experiences, research, 
general opinions, ect.  I have been volunteered to discuss this subject at our 
Associations spring "bee school".  Anything that could be shared would be 
appreciated.  Thanks in advance

Keith.Cutting@Dartmouth.edu


From crumley@heechee.trinet.com Fri Jan 27 12:11:36 EST 1995
Article: 1206 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!swiss.ans.net!jabba.cybernetics.net!heechee.trinet.com!crumley
From: crumley@heechee.trinet.com (Steve Crumley)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Swarming
Date: 25 Jan 1995 23:05:54 GMT
Organization: Cybernetx, Inc.
Lines: 22
Message-ID: <3g6lgi$o47@jabba.cybernetics.net>
References: <kac.8.2F26B04C@bunter.dartmouth.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: heechee.trinet.com
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Keith Cutting (kac@bunter.dartmouth.edu) wrote:
> I am interested in informaton on swarming.  Personal experiences, research, 
> general opinions, ect.  I have been volunteered to discuss this subject at our 
> Associations spring "bee school".  Anything that could be shared would be 
> appreciated.  Thanks in advance

> Keith.Cutting@Dartmouth.edu

Here is the short version of my limited experence with swarms.  I just started
beekeeping in North Carolina with one hive.  It got off to a pretty good start
and filled a ~10 inch chamber with brood and another with honey during the
first summer.  I wasn't sure how much it would need to eat that first winter
so I often had an entrance feeder full of syrup (whenever the temp was > 40F)

I was very busy this spring and wasn't sure how warm it needed to be
before I opened the hive so I let it go until Easter.  Well, you guessed it,
they swarmed.  Over a two week period I saw that hive swarm THREE TIMES.
I managed to capture two of the swarms and now I know more than I did
last year.  I still harvested 50 pounds of honey this year.  I can't wait
to see what happens next year.

-Steve


From sjames@henson.cc.wwu.edu Fri Jan 27 12:11:37 EST 1995
Article: 1207 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!reuter.cse.ogi.edu!henson!sjames
From: sjames@henson.cc.wwu.edu (stephen james)
Subject: Honey Punch
Message-ID: <1995Jan26.162011.13938@henson.cc.wwu.edu>
Summary: Honey Punch
Organization: Western Washington University
Date: Thu, 26 Jan 1995 16:20:11 GMT
Lines: 4

Anyone tried the Hackler Honey Punch? Any good?

Steve James



From jlks@u.washington.edu Fri Jan 27 12:11:38 EST 1995
Article: 1208 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!news.uoregon.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!news.u.washington.edu!jlks
From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Six super winter!?
Date: 23 Jan 1995 20:45:13 GMT
Organization: University of Washington
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: homer11.u.washington.edu

The balmy weather we've been enjoying up here in the Pacific Northwest 
allowed me to get into the hives this past weekend and see how they've 
been doing.  Sadly, one of the two hives did not make it.  I am not too 
surprised, as they were pretty weak going into the fall, and though I 
left them heavy stores on which to feed, I think they probably simply 
didn't have the numbers to resist the cold.  

So, it brings me to my question:  One dead hive, with 2 or 2 1/2 supers of
honey stored up: what do I do with the honey?  I stacked it on the other
hive (for whom I also left 2 1/2 supers of honey in the fall), so I now
have a six super high stack of wintering bees.  The question: is this a 
problem?  Will the space freak them out or allow too much heat loss?

Thanks for the advice...

Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/jordan.html




From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Jan 27 12:11:39 EST 1995
Article: 1209 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!ncar!ames!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Honey Punch
Date: Fri, 27 Jan 1995 01:55:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950126204112773@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 21        


 |-----------------|Sjames@henson.Cc.Wwu.Edu (stephen James)refer#: None
 wrote:
>From: sjames@henson.cc.wwu.edu (stephen james)
>Subject: Honey Punch
>Organization: Western Washington University
>Date: Thu, 26 Jan 1995 16:20:11 GMT
>
>Anyone tried the Hackler Honey Punch? Any good?
>
 |-------------------------------------|

  I'll byte Steve, whats the "Hackler Honey Punch"?  You might say
this question has Sunday punched me.<G>

                        ttul Andy-

- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì --
 ì”ì Wild Bee's BBS ì”ì       Beekeeping Information Service
BBS 209/826-8107 28.8 bd   INTERNET:  Andy.Nachbaur@BEENET.COM  
- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì --


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Jan 27 12:11:41 EST 1995
Article: 1210 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!news.iag.net!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey Punch
Date: 26 Jan 1995 17:46:02 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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Message-ID: <3g8n4q$be0@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <1995Jan26.162011.13938@henson.cc.wwu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <1995Jan26.162011.13938@henson.cc.wwu.edu>,
stephen james <sjames@henson.cc.wwu.edu> wrote:
>Anyone tried the Hackler Honey Punch? Any good?

More information please...!
Adam
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From tsponheim@accessone.com Sat Jan 28 22:36:21 EST 1995
Article: 1211 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!pulm1.accessone.com!usenet
From: Tom Sponheim <tsponheim@accessone.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Mason bees
Date: 28 Jan 1995 01:43:48 GMT
Organization: AccessOne an Internet Service Provider
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NNTP-Posting-Host: tsponheim.accessone.com

I'm a big fan of mason bees.  I've got a couple hundred holes 
that they filled in last year and now I'm wondering if anyone
else has cultivated them.

>From  what I can tell, they really come out early and start pollenating.
I'm wondering if there is any danger in mailing them to other parts
of the US.  I don't want to upset any eco-balance.  I collected them
>from  the wild here in Seattle.  Also, I'd like to know if they will
recolonize the holes that they are about to come out of this spring.
And finally, does anyone know if there is any info on them on the net?



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sat Jan 28 22:36:22 EST 1995
Article: 1212 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: beekeepers quiz
Date: Fri, 27 Jan 1995 16:26:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950127165907774@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 24        

Beekeepers Quiz


What color is an orange?
What is Peter Pans fairy's name?
How many hairs on a bee's leg?
How many feathers on a bird?



[PAGE DOWN when done]










If you can answer the first two and not the last two you know
too much about fruits and fairies and not enough about the
birds and the bees.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sat Jan 28 22:36:23 EST 1995
Article: 1213 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Cape Honeybees
Date: Fri, 27 Jan 1995 16:23:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950127165907775@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 110       


* off the B-list *
                    ----------------------------------------
Date:         Fri, 27 Jan 1995 09:25:16 GMT+2
From: MIKE ALLSOPP <PPRIMA@PLANT1.AGRIC.ZA>
Subject:      Re: Cape Honeybees

Greetings,

Allen Dick responded to my post "Re:Bee Introductions/Cape Honeybees"
with the following:

< I'm not familiar with the mechanism by which the capensis overrun
< the honeybees. In a few words, could you elaborate please?


With pleasure, but it takes more than a few words. As follows:

To start with, something on the Cape Honeybee (capensis). It is
reasonably gentle, a grey-black bee, a good producer and fairly
temperature tolerant. All good characteristics and for that reason
there have been a number of suggestions that capensis be introduced
for commercial production in other parts of the world (Israel, USA,
Mauritius). [Hence my question - does anyone know of capensis
introduced into the Americas].

But capensis are terrible if you put them with other bees, simply
because of certain unique attributes exhibited by capensis. [Which
make them irresistable to scientists; anyone know of introductions to
the Americas for study purposes]. It is these unique attributes that
have resulted in capensis overrunning African honeybees (scutellata)
in South Africa. We don't know all the details, but the general
scenario goes as follows:

1. A capensis colony is placed by a beekeeper in an apiary containing
scutellata colonies. Or a capensis swarm moves into the apiary. Or a
scutellata queen mates with some capensis drones on her mating
flight, thereby introducing capensis genes into the apiary. In the
last case the resultant hybrid workers behave much the same as do
pure capensis workers.

2. Once the capensis workers are in the apiary, by natural drift
(getting lost!) they get into all the other colonies, even if only in
very small numbers. [It probably only needs a half-dozen or so]. In
the case of the hybrid workers, they are already in a colony with a
scutellata queen.

3. Capensis queens can control (inhibit) capensis workers; scutellata
queens cannot. In a colony headed by a scutellata queen, there is a
pheromonal release as regards the capensis or hybrid workers. They
start developing chemically and physiologically; soon they have very
queenlike pheromonal signals and developed ovaries.

4. Somehow the scutellata queen is lost; either the capensis workers
kill her or (I think) the scutellata workers get rid of her.

5. There might be an attempt by the scutellata workers to rear queen
cells; if so these cells are eliminated by he capensis workers. The
capensis workers assume reproductive control in the colony, lay eggs
and produce brood. For the most part, the scutellata workers do not
contribute reproductively, and rather treat the capensis workers as
"false queens".

6. Because capensis workers produce parthenogenetically all brood
produced by these workers will be female. That is, they do not
produce drones like the laying workers of other bee races, but rather
they produce workers (or a new queen, if they should so choose). So
they produce more a more capensis brood, and more capensis workers,
which in turn produce capensis workers. The colony rapidly becomes
capensis.

7. The problem with these capensis laying worker colonies is that all
the workers think they are queens. All (most) of the workers lay
eggs, but there is less and less foraging. They consume all their
stores, and soon there are thousands upon thousands of eggs in the
colony (up to 50 per cell) but no larvae because there is no pollen
to feed larvae.

8. The colony gets weaker and weaker, and soon down to 1 or 2 frames
of bees. Then one of three things happen.
   (a) it absconds (and then, who knows what?)
   (b) it rears a capensis queen and goes back to a queenright phase
   (c) it dies out
In the case of our situation in South Africa, (a) and (c) seem to be
the most common. The whole process from the first drifting of the
capensis to the end of the colony takes from 2-6 months.

In summary, capensis are sweet bees but don't put them with other
races. Since this problem started in 1990, at least 75000 commercial
scutellata have been eliminated by capensis. And a further 54000
colonies which were capensis infected were killed in an effort to
stop the spread. Which did not work, and we still have a major
problem.

Hope that answers your query.

Cheers

Mike



  MIKE ALLSOPP
      HONEYBEE RESEARCH DIVISION
      PLANT PROTECTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE
      P/BAG X5017, STELLENBOSCH, 7599
      SOUTH AFRICA
  INTERNET : PPRIMA@PLANT1.AGRIC.ZA
  TELEFAX  : (021) 883-3285
  TELEPHONE: (021) 887-4690/1


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sat Jan 28 22:36:24 EST 1995
Article: 1214 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: 40 AND COUNTING
Date: Sat, 28 Jan 1995 04:08:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950128074552777@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 111       

                    ----------------------------------------
40 BEE SEASONS AGO AND COUNTING

        40 years ago I started with bees by buying a 3# package of
Bee's from Sears & Roebuck for $5.75 which included the postage which
was 67 cents. I almost purchased a gallon of lady bugs, but instead
I went for the bee's, I was intrigued by the mechanization of it all.
Those early years were great, I soon found my first job, $35.00 a
week seasonable employment with a local family of good migratory
beekeepers that developed into a life style and a continuing lifetime
of learning experiences. There is much good, much love for what is good,
more good then bad to being a beekeeper, but enough bad to make a few
into cynics. Some say cynics are similar as people who are depressed, a
real disease, but I don't agree as I am afflicted with both. Depression
can be controlled, but the cynicism is learned, no person is born a
cynic, you learn it from the realities of your life's experiences. A few
cynic's are a value to society because they may be true realists. More
on that another time, as what I want to report is the latest and newest
trend in public relations as reported by the news media about beekeeping
and beekeepers.

   For years we as a group of people with similar interest have
gone through cycles of so called "news" reporting about our industry
and ourselves. Some of these stories have been very informative, most
have been poorly done, in my opinion, as to their factual content.
They never the less have reflected beekeepers answers to inquiry,
beekeepers attempts at PR, and for sure have influenced public opinion
and are reflective as history as they are part of the written record of
our industry, accurate or not.

   A condensed list of some of the topics the last 40 years.

1. Pesticides and their effects on Bees.
2. Environmental concerns of pesticides and Bees
3. Bee's and the public welfare. (killer bees)
4. Bee Pests and their effect on bees.

   In the future as time permits I will have much to say about all
these cycles of beekeeping information and its effects and costs to
beekeepers, and to me, but the point of todays note is to add a new
topic and one that is not unexpected but still to even a cynical old
beekeeper a topic that may express in real terms a observation I made
and expressed years ago about beekeepers in general.

 "The Bee Industry Suffers from the Silver Bullet Complex" and has
"A Death Wish". Now thats real cynical things for anyone to say in
polite company, but its stark reality when compared with todays
events, loss of government supports, potential for the biggest crop
of honey in US History, depredation of bees by disease and pests and
the new topic of news reports:

5. Exodus of Beekeepers from keeping bees.

   This week I read, heard, and saw reports of and from beekeepers
who are going out of business. Nothing new you say, right, but
something that has never been been used by the media as the subject
of the nightly news, warning by beekeepers yes, but never really taken
serious as beekeepers come and go all the time. Only time will tell if
these kind of stories will replace the "killer bee", mite attacks, and
so on.

   Well, I lied a little because if I had started in beekeeping twenty
years earlier I would know that there was at least one other time in
which beekeepers left beekeeping in the early part of this century prior
to WW II. At least one was due to a collapse of the Honey Market, again
mostly due to the way beekeepers in the West sold honey. Shipping it on
consignment to eastern markets. The market could not pay the fright and
beekeepers here in California walked away from their bees until WW II
when the market came back because of the lack of sugar. Then came the
supplemental income from pollination rentals, more beekeeper
interest, government programs, and them movement of supplemental
pollination income to the place it is today.

   Is it all coming to a end? Well I don't think so, I don't want to
think so, I hope not, death should be the only thing between beekeeping
here on earth and vacationing with the Lord in heaven. But having no
silver bullet, no death wish, and no fortune teller's glass ball, I can
only guess we as an industry are in for some changes and maybe some rude
awakening and rearrangements. Maybe I want you to bee aware of what
could happen. But you say "I am only a hobbyist beekeeper", true most
beekeepers are hobby beekeepers or start out as hobbyists, I did. The
future of the industry may depend much on the hobbyist as it always has
in the past, and how he solves the number one problem of all beekeepers
today, keeping your bee's alive. You say your bees died and you
purchased more. Thats fine as long as the guy you purchased them from is
still in business.

    Or maybe its all because here in California the opportunity for a
bumper crop only comes two or three times in a lifetime. We are getting
the rains of a lifetime. A few people are suffering, some have died, for
that I am sorry, but the grass has never been greener, flowers the likes
that few in beekeeping today have ever seen may soon be blooming.
Honey crops measured in the hundreds of pounds per hive are possible.
Swarms on every fence post, wax cappings up to one's rear end,
extractors going night and day, and sticky, so sticky you could press
your clothes each days end to recover the honey. Spring crops, summer
crops, fall crops with no dearth's in between and a better start on
next year. Fence post honey, rock pile honey, honey from sources no
beekeepers has any idea about the name, condition, or where the flowers
are, or the time and energy to look for them . These things I have seen,
these thing I want to see again, I need to see one more time...but my
bees are dead.

[more later]                           ttul Andy-

(c) Permission to reproduce, granted.
Written opinions are not necessarily fact.
Check your facts before expressing opinions.


                ----30----30----


From dryan@pinot.callamer.com Sat Jan 28 22:36:25 EST 1995
Article: 1215 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!clue.callamer.com!pinot.callamer.com!dryan
From: dryan@pinot.callamer.com (Diller Ryan)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Date: 28 Jan 1995 17:22:29 GMT
Organization: SLONET Regional Information Access
Lines: 15
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References: <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: pinot.callamer.com
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Jordan Schwartz (jlks@u.washington.edu) wrote:
:              Sadly, one of the two hives did not make it.  I am not too 
: surprised, as they were pretty weak going into the fall, and though I 
: left them heavy stores on which to feed, I think they probably simply 
: didn't have the numbers to resist the cold.  

:                                                I stacked it on the other
: hive (for whom I also left 2 1/2 supers of honey in the fall), so I now

Here's a scary thought: Perhaps the hive was killed by Varroa, and you just
comtaminated the second hive.  Some Apistan may be in order.

Do you have a Varroa problem up there?  It's a killer in central California.

Diller


From bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca Sat Jan 28 22:36:25 EST 1995
Article: 1216 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!news.mindlink.net!line12.nwm.mindlink.net!user
From: bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca (bill fernihough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Date: 28 Jan 1995 23:42:29 GMT
Organization: none
Lines: 26
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X-Newsreader: Value-Added NewsWatcher 2.0b14.2+

In article <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu>, jlks@u.washington.edu
(Jordan Schwartz) wrote:

> The balmy weather we've been enjoying up here in the Pacific Northwest 
> allowed me to get into the hives this past weekend and see how they've 
> been doing.  Sadly, one of the two hives did not make it.  I am not too 
> surprised, as they were pretty weak going into the fall, and though I 
> left them heavy stores on which to feed, I think they probably simply 
> didn't have the numbers to resist the cold.  
> 
> So, it brings me to my question:  One dead hive, with 2 or 2 1/2 supers of
> honey stored up: what do I do with the honey?  I stacked it on the other
> hive (for whom I also left 2 1/2 supers of honey in the fall), so I now
> have a six super high stack of wintering bees.  The question: is this a 
> problem?  Will the space freak them out or allow too much heat loss?
> 
> Thanks for the advice...
> 
> Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
> JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
> http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/jordan.html
My suggestion is that you keep the extra honey indoors for the next few
weeks.  You might try feeding sugar syrup with antibiotics to the
surviving hive, to build them up and initiate brood rearing, then by about
May you can likely do a split with a new queen and be ready to go into the
season with two hives.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun Jan 29 17:11:18 EST 1995
Article: 1217 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: honey queen
Date: Sun, 29 Jan 1995 17:32:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950129132505784@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 62        

                    ----------------------------------------
 ÕÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ¸
I tried to dload honieqn.zip to use at a local bee meeting but the
password leaves me to believe that maybe I am not old enough to see this
file. Please advise this old beekeeper. Call you next week.
 ÔÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ¾

Hello Jim!

   The password is "HONEY".<g> The kids on the bbs have tried
everything else but that.

     This is the kind of thing I would pull out of my hat at
a national meeting, after spending 15 minutes lecturing everyone
about the evils of pornography and 5 warning all under the age
of 12, or those easily offended by anatomically correct art to close
their eyes. I then would have the 110% attention of everyone in the
room, the young, the old, the pious, and then I would sock it to them.
The world is lucky I am not in the honey packing business, because I
would not hesitate to use a little clean sex and some not so clean to
promote the use of honey.

     Hope you have as much fun with it as I would, you are old
enough, and will be remembered for generations by your fellow
beekeepers.

     Having fun brings to mind some things I did in the past. ONe
year when Honey Queens were a big deal in California our area would
spend much effort and time finding a qualified candidate and because
of the politics that always enters into these kind of things we never
had a chance of winning. After a few years and much work on the part of
beekeepers wives they tired of it all knowing no matter what, we could
never win. Us local guys were putting up the bulk of the money for the
California Queen contest win or lose, (those were better days). So one
day a group of us were sitting in the local coffee shop engaged in deep
debate of what to do since the women wanted no part of the contest
knowing they would lose.

     I came up with a plan I had been working on for years. Why not get
some young lady with 100% personally and real sex appeal, off the
street, just like the cute waitress in the coffee shop. She would make
any bull dog bust his chain and we all enjoyed having her wait on us. I
am sure you know what I mean. Anyway I just called her over as asked her
right out, and because she had the personalty to go with her God
given natural beauty she said Yes... We did not win, but a blind man
could see she was the most qualified, our local ladies coached her on
cooking with honey and the like. She would have been one of the best
National Honey Queens we have ever had.

That was the last year for the "politically correct" California State
Honey Committee chair person, and it was the most fun we guys had with
a Honey Queen Contest.

     Hope all is well with you, and your bees are in good shape.
We are looking forward to one of the best years this century, I
hope, since we need it real bad.

                                ttul Andy-

BTW:  I am going to open a File Area for Cooking with Honey and
      I need to start collecting recipes, hints, and the like. If
      you have anything I would appreciate adding it to the collection.


From moroney@world.std.com Mon Jan 30 20:10:04 EST 1995
Article: 1218 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.kei.com!world!moroney
From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Message-ID: <fQSAlaE96tpL071yn@world.std.com>
Sender: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
References: <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
Date: Sat, 28 Jan 1995 04:23:05 GMT
Lines: 16

In article <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu>,
jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) wrote:
> So, it brings me to my question:  One dead hive, with 2 or 2 1/2 supers of
> honey stored up: what do I do with the honey?  I stacked it on the other
> hive (for whom I also left 2 1/2 supers of honey in the fall), so I now
> have a six super high stack of wintering bees.  The question: is this a 
> problem?  Will the space freak them out or allow too much heat loss?

Why don't you do what you're supposed to do with the honey?  Harvest it and
eat/sell/give it away!  :-) :-)

Note that as spring arrives the cluster will tend to move "upstairs" and
the queen will start laying up there, so you'll have to deal with brood in
your honey supers.

-Mike


From jlks@u.washington.edu Mon Jan 30 20:10:06 EST 1995
Article: 1219 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!uunet!news.u.washington.edu!jlks
From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Date: 30 Jan 1995 00:08:29 GMT
Organization: University of Washington
Lines: 18
Message-ID: <3ghalt$e1i@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
References: <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3gdugl$3r6@clue.callamer.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: homer13.u.washington.edu

dryan@pinot.callamer.com (Diller Ryan) writes:

>Here's a scary thought: Perhaps the hive was killed by Varroa, and you just
>comtaminated the second hive.  Some Apistan may be in order.

>Do you have a Varroa problem up there?  It's a killer in central California.

I spent a while going through my book trying to figure out what did them 
in before I settled in on simple cold.  I had apistan in there, so I 
don't think this did it, and there didn't seem to be any signs of 
foulbrood or the other common killers.  In any case, with the hives right 
next to each other, I couldn't imagine one having something that the 
other didn't...Thanks for the warning though: its a good point.

Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/jordan.html



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Mon Jan 30 20:10:07 EST 1995
Article: 1220 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Date: 30 Jan 1995 01:33:05 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 11
Message-ID: <3ghfkh$ke4@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3gdugl$3r6@clue.callamer.com> <3ghalt$e1i@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

 Varroa is found only on bees or in brood. If there were some mites in the
honey supers, or bees with mites on them, you could transfer the mites to
the other hive, but if there was only sealed honey, varroa transferring over
shouldn't be a problem.
 Sometimes bees just don't over - winter. :(
Adam
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu Mon Jan 30 20:10:08 EST 1995
Article: 1221 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu (David M. Stamper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: AFB spores and autoclaving
Date: Mon, 30 Jan 1995 04:11:12 GMT
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Although only an armchair beekeeper, whatever that is (I have no hives), I am 
a microbiologist.  It is my understanding that the standards for autoclaving 
bacteriological media are based on the ability of Bacillus stearothermophilis 
to withstand high temperatures.  This spore-former is very resistant to heat, 
and at least it used to be considered the most resistant to high temperatures, 
although I think some other exotic thermophilic Bacillus spp. now have that 
claim.  

According to the Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology (American 
Society for Microbiology), autoclaving for 15 min. at 121 deg. C and 15 pounds 
of pressure will give you only a 1 in a million probablility of a viable B. 
stearothemophilis spore surviving.  Most people I know use about 20 min.

Assuming that B. larvae is not more temperature resistant than B. 
stearothermophilis, you might be able to get away with autoclaving, with the 
following consideration.  When sterilizing media, it is assumed that the load 
of spores is not very high.  When attempting to sterilize a hive infected with 
AFB, the load may be considerable.  The whole process of autoclaving for 
sterility is statistical in nature, so it is probable that a high spore load 
autoclaved for 20 min would still have some viable spores,while a low spore 
load would be sterile.

It sounds like an interesting thing to study, in the meantime.  Anybody wanna 
give me a grant?

Dave Stamper
Department of Microbiology (grad student, not yet PhD)
Ohio State University


From hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk Mon Jan 30 20:10:10 EST 1995
Article: 1222 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk (Hugo Veerkamp)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: American foulbrood
Date: Sat, 28 Jan 1995 11:31:01 GMT
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Distribution: world
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hi Allen,


 > There is to my knowledge, no good reason why infected
 > wax should not
 > be rendered and saved.  Although the spores are not
 > killed in the process,
 > experiments have shown that there is no risk of
 > infection from the wax,


Are there scientific articles about these
experiments?
please tell me the references, 'cause I have a
feeling people here are not gonna believe that
wax with spores can be recycled, unlress they
can read it in a scientific article

This discussion also applies to autoclaving
the AFB spores ( a leading European bee scientist,
Job van Praagh, told me yesterday that some spores
cannot be reached by the hot water vapours, as they
are covered w. propolis etc..; if they are covered,
would they not also be harmless to the bees just
like the spores in wax ?)

So if we could autoclave the spores that are accessible to both bees and
vaspour, we'd be ready.. ?

 > even if used for foundation.
 > The largest problem is to ensure that the wax combs,
 > honey etc are
 > kept from bee access until rendered.
 > There is a lot of valuable wax in a box of combs.


sincerely, Hugo

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From hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk Mon Jan 30 20:10:11 EST 1995
Article: 1223 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk (Hugo Veerkamp)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: autoclaving AFB spores
Date: Sat, 28 Jan 1995 11:37:02 GMT
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hi Bill,


thanx for your reply!

 > I have not heard of trying this, as the heat may not
 > be enough.  HOwever, I hav
 > of using radiation, if that is available there
 > somewhere.

It is, but seems to be too expensive to utilise on a routinre basis. ( the
providing company tries to make a good buck out of it as well..)
Do you have references available about irradiation of beehives?

sincerely, Hugo

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From bird@ace.acadiau.ca Mon Jan 30 20:10:16 EST 1995
Article: 1224 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bird@ace.acadiau.ca (AVRIL BIRD)
Subject: 2 questions
Message-ID: <bird.30.2F2CE174@ace.acadiau.ca>
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I am posting this for my Father-in-Law (please bear in mind that he barely 
knows what a computer is so his questions may seem a little weirdly phrased).


"Hi.  One of the requirements of a bee keeping operation is the availability 
of queen bees.  A 40 hive operation, as a hobby, is no different.  Hives die 
and new starter hives (nucs) have to be made.  Replacement of old queens 
gives new genes to a dwindling hive.  Can anyone pass on information about 
the miller method of queen raising?"

"Beekeeping can be fun but not always in the winter, and why is asked?  The 
answer is survival rate.  A 40 hive operation with a survival rate of 85% 
can be costly.  Try 50% for the last two years.  Somewhere around $1000 to 
$1500 to replace these with no chance to increase to a greater number.  
I am considering overwintering bees inside a building with fan systems and a 
temp. of 4-7 degrees C.  Anyone with any experiences?"

Thanks,

Avril Bird for
Norman Bird
Wolfville, Nova Scotia


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Mon Jan 30 20:10:17 EST 1995
Article: 1225 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Six super winter!?
Date: 30 Jan 1995 13:38:45 GMT
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According to the books, you can get a "chimney effect" (with regard to
heat loss) if you have too many supers on a hive.  A few years ago I had a
similar situation, except that it had come about not with hive mortality
but with an exceptionally strong fall honeyflow.  I just left the extra
supers on the hive.  The only drawback I noted was that the bottoms of one
of the supers ended up with a few wax moth larvae.  My theory is that even
though the hive was a strong one, some moths got in and layed their eggs
there, and because the supers were the lowest of the set (i.e., they were
right on top of the hive bodies) there were a few rows of open cells which
had been used for brood rearing.  Second, because these supers were
already filled and capped with honey, the bees didn't really pay much
attention to them, except to walk by them on the way to the supers they
were fiilling above...  I've never seen any wax moth larvae in any of my
other combs, and only noticed these when I got araound to extracting that
June.

I didn't extract that extra honey the prior fall because my equipment is 
in the basement and it would just have been too difficult in a cool/cold 
room (due to the greater viscuity of the honey).  Maybe you can use these 
extra's to feed some splits this spring....


-- Dave Trickett


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Mon Jan 30 20:10:17 EST 1995
Article: 1226 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: AFB spores and autoclaving
Date: 30 Jan 1995 13:35:31 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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 Has anyone browsed  the new edition of _The Hive and The Honeybee_ for
information on AFB spores in rendered wax? There might be something in
there.
Adam
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Mon Jan 30 20:10:18 EST 1995
Article: 1227 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: AFB & The Hive and the Honeybee
Date: 30 Jan 1995 14:18:45 GMT
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In the 1992 hardback edition all I found was the following (on p. 689):

"Slumgum from efficient wax extraction devices (devices using hot water, 
steam, and pressure) will destroy American foulbrood stores; however, 
slumgum from solar wax melters may still contain viable spores.  Though 
it is not attractive to bees, slumgum from  solar melters should be 
destroyed."


There are also some references to works in the 50s and 60s regarding 
treatment by irradiation (using Cobalt-60), and a warning not to use 
sweetened water - from honey-bearing wax that has been separated from the 
honey by melting the combs in hot water (150 degrees F.) - if the source 
hives had an AFB problem.   

--

Dave Trickett


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Mon Jan 30 20:10:19 EST 1995
Article: 1228 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: AFB spores and autoclaving
Date: Mon, 30 Jan 95 10:46:28 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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In article <3gipv3$plt@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein) writes:
 
>
> Has anyone browsed  the new edition of _The Hive and The Honeybee_ for
>information on AFB spores in rendered wax? There might be something in
>there.
 
As a matter of fact, I did spend some time researching the American
Foulbrood issue, looking for a definitive answer to the questions raised
by the assertion that bees cannot 'catch' AFB from foundation that was
rendered from wax coming from diseased hives.  The only source I used
was "The Hive and the Honeybee", Dadant publications, 1992 edition.  It
was easier for me to research in the comfort of my living room that to
go off to the library.  I'll readily admit that I'm as lazy as the next
guy.  Although I did not find the answer I sought, I did learn, or at
least refreshed my memory on, a number of AFB related issues.
   Interesting tidbits that I picked up deal mainly with the life cycle
of AFB as it relates and interacts with the life cycle of Apis
meliffera.  Discussions on sci.ag.bees touched on the number of AFB
spores needed to infect a hive, the window of vulnerability for Apis
meliffera larvae to become infected, and the temperature at which AFB
spores are killed.
   The first two items (how many spores does it take to infect a larva)
varies with the age of the larva.  The weak link in the chain is at day
one of the larval stage, where a single AFB spore can infect the larva.
At a day and a half, it takes 35 spores to infect and kill half of the
test cases.  After 53 hours the larva is not effected by AFB spores.
   I never came across a quote of the fatal temperature for AFB spores.
The closest I came to a figure was that 80 degrees celsius will kill
nonspore producing bacteria, but no figure was given for spore producing
bacteria or spores themselves (although David Stamper states in his
post on autoclaving that fatal temps are in the 120 deg C. ballpark
under 15 lbs. of pressure - thanks David, sorry no grant $$$ to give).
Now, the melting temp for beeswax is 149 deg. F, (below the fatal
temperature for nonspore producing bacteria) so one can conclude that
the temperatures involved in rendering wax are NOT sufficient to kill
AFB spores.  However, following a good rule of thumb ("When in doubt
ask someone in the know"), I call my local Dadant distributor and ran
the numbers by him.  He assured me that wax rendering temperatures
are sufficiently high enough to kill off AFB spores and guaranteed
(verbally) that AFB cannot be passed on through foundation.  Although
this does not quote any emperical studies, it is somewhat reassuring.
The most doubtful Thomas should ask, "At what temperature is wax
rendered", but I didn't ask that specifically.  As always, caveat
emptor.
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From p.kerr@auckland.ac.nz Mon Jan 30 20:10:21 EST 1995
Article: 1229 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: p.kerr@auckland.ac.nz (Peter Kerr)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Date: Tue, 31 Jan 1995 12:18:11 +1200
Organization: School of Music University of Auckland
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NNTP-Posting-Host: 130.216.90.127

In article <fQSAlaE96tpL071yn@world.std.com>, moroney@world.std.com
(Michael Moroney) wrote:

> In article <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu>,
> jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) wrote:
> > so I now
> > have a six super high stack of wintering bees.  The question: is this a 
> > problem?  Will the space freak them out or allow too much heat loss?
> 
> Note that as spring arrives the cluster will tend to move "upstairs" and
> the queen will start laying up there, so you'll have to deal with brood in
> your honey supers.

Our winters aren't as cold as yours so this may not work for you, but to
cover both those problems I put a "hive mat" between the top of the brood
boxes and the honey. 
This "hive mat" is a sheet of 3/16 hardboard rebated into a wooden rim
about a half inch thick with a hole one inch diameter in the middle. Stops
the "chimney effect", keeps the bees warm in the bottom boxes, but the
field bees can move up to the stores easily at any time. In maybe one hive
in ten the cluster may decide to all move upstairs, but this can easily be
sorted out in the spring.

-- 
Peter Kerr                             bodger
School of Music                        chandler
University of Auckland                 neo-Luddite


From p.kerr@auckland.ac.nz Mon Jan 30 20:10:22 EST 1995
Article: 1230 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: p.kerr@auckland.ac.nz (Peter Kerr)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: AFB spores and autoclaving
Date: Tue, 31 Jan 1995 12:26:14 +1200
Organization: School of Music University of Auckland
Lines: 17
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New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture requirements for sterilising hive
boxes and parts from AFB required immersion in paraffin wax at 160 degrees
C for 20 minutes. 

Paraffin wax as I understand it was the only thing with a low enough
surface tension to flow into cracks in the woodwork, and to "dissolve"
beeswax and propolis, and at the same time not catch fire or cause damage
to the hive boxes.

The 160C sticks in my mind because I have seen in some other text a table
of the time required at various temperatures to kill 99.9% of B larvae
spores, and it flattened out at 159C

-- 
Peter Kerr                             bodger
School of Music                        chandler
University of Auckland                 neo-Luddite


From ibra@cardiff.ac.uk Wed Feb  1 23:39:24 EST 1995
Article: 1231 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: B-mail 2/95
Date: 31 Jan 1995 20:09:49 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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Summary: IBRA monthly newsletter


=========================================
 
B-MAIL
 
A monthly newsletter on issues and events in the bee world, provided
by IBRA, the world information service for bee science and beekeeping.
 
**February 1995**
 
=========================================
CONTROLLING BEE MOVEMENTS TO LIMIT BEE DISEASES AND
PESTS
 
How useful are quarantines for bees?  Do restrictions on bee movements
help or hinder beekeeping industries coming to grips with the
consequences of newly introduced parasites and diseases?
 
This issue is in the news again in the UK as the 'line' for restricting hive
movements to prevent the spread of varroa has been moved.  What is
called the 'autumn varroa search' has revealed the presence of the mite
north and west of the 'statutory infected area' (SIA), an area out of which
colony movements aren't permitted.  Accordingly the boundaries of the
SIA were moved from 1 January this year, to include much of the English
midlands and Yorkshire where it is obvious varroa has been established
for several years.
 
However, the SIA has not been expanded to include Wales where a
number of occurrences have been reported, meaning beekeepers in
Wales are free to move their colonies to other 'non-infected' areas.
 
Reactions to this move are mixed, with Scottish beekeepers keen to see a
line giving them protection for as long as is feasible (though they are
honest enough to say that any protection exists 'theoretically and legally, if
not in reality': the line and Britain's 'borders' are not policed), and
commercial bee farmers looking for a legislative response that is as
pragmatic as possible.
 
Events in the industry and in government control following the discovery of
varroa in the UK in 1992 are reviewed well in Medwin Bew's chapter 'UK
beekeeping in the age of varroa', in the book 'Living with varroa' (see
below for details).
 
The European experience is also salutary, and for a number of countries is
discussed in the book 'New perspectives on varroa' (details, again, given
later).  Remember that in the 1960s and 1970s when some of these
places were grappling with the mite there was nothing off the shelf that
could be used for treatment.  The response was often severe, with mass
destruction of colonies.
 
It is refreshing to see the honesty of some of the central and eastern
Europeans as they look back at their actions.  "I want to draw your
attention to our first error", reports Vladimir Vesely in considering 15 years
of organized varroa control in the Czech Republic, commenting later "and
now I have to draw your attention to another mistake".  Those early days
were tough, and we can learn a lot from them about the effects of different
approaches to bee disease control.
 
In the same book I take a look at the effects of the impact of varroa
infestation on beekeeping, and the benefits and disadvantages of
movement controls.  Certainly I am critical of the mass destruction of
colonies that was often the flip side of these controls; wiping out colonies
with varroa (or tracheal mite in the US) when the parasite was known to be
endemic in the country concerned.
 
In the October issue of 'Bee Culture', Mark Winston discusses import
controls in his excellent monthly column.  Looking particularly at the
closure of the US-Canadian border to bee movements, he says that the
moves taken were appropriate and have been successful, but that the
action has been misunderstood by many in the US industry.
 
First of all, he says, quarantines are designed to protect the majority
interest (in a country) from the economic impact of pests and diseases, but
not necessarily to keep them out for ever.  Often, and in this case
according to Winston, the aim is to delay the introduction and subsequent
spread of a species for as long as possible "or at least as long as the
quarantine is economically preferable to the damage the pest may cause".
 
The economic advantage came from two factors: delaying the widespread
occurrence of varroa and tracheal mite in Canada until effective and
efficient means of control were available (a bureaucratic problem to do
with licensing laws rather than a technical one), and to give beekeepers
hurt by low honey prices as long as possible before the added expense of
chemical treatment became necessary.
 
The other point Mark makes is that the embargo on imports was initiated
and sustained with broad support from Canadian beekeepers, and wasn't
a result of regulators looking for a job or beekeepers wanting to protect a
market.  However, the article is honest enough to admit that there were
benefits to the domestic market, at least for producers of queens, nucs
and packages; and that US producers of these were hurt.
 
I guess the thing with import bans and many other types of bee disease
control and prevention measures, is that we usually don't know whether
they're the right choice until it's too late (if we ever do find out).  The
beekeeping industry and government officials have to make the best
judgement they can, but some principles are clear:
 
Any quarantine must be scientifically justifiable: it has a good chance of
working on technical grounds.  And of course we must be clear about what
'working' means; is the programme designed to eradicate, contain or delay
the pest?
 
It must have economic advantages to the industry: with the net costs of
the quarantine less than the costs of other courses of action.  In an ideal
world we should consider the global costs, not just the local costs; though
politicians (and beekeeping association officers) are elected locally rather
than globally.
 
The actions taken must have the broad support of the industry they're
designed to serve.
 
We should also add that the quarantine, and reasons for its existence,
must be reviewed constantly as circumstances change.
 
PUBLICATIONS MENTIONED
 
Living with varroa.  IBRA, 58 pp, 1993.  Price GBP15 in the UK;
GBP16/USD25 worldwide including post and packing.  Available from
IBRA: ibra@cardiff.ac.uk.
 
New perspectives on varroa.  IBRA, 164 pp, 1994.  Same prices and
availability.
 
Bee culture.  US monthly magazine, USD 16.50 in the USA, USD 24
overseas per year.  Available from bculture@aol.com.
 
MEETINGS COMING UP SOON....
 
TROPICAL BEES AND THE ENVIRONMENT
 
Don't forget the meeting on 'Tropical bees and the environment', 13-15
March 1995.  Pre-conference expedition 11 March 1995.  Contact Beenet
Asia Secretariat, Plant Protection Department, Universiti Pertanian
Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia.  Fax (+60) 3-948-
3745 or 948-2507.  Further information from Dr Mardan at this address, or
makhdzir%upmvmesa.ccrisc.upm.my.
 
SCIENTIFIC APICULTURE CONFERENCE
 
The 32nd scientific apiculture conference is being held in Pulawy, Poland,
>from  14-15 March 1995.  The organizers are the bee division at the
Pulawy research institute and the Scientific Apiculture Society, and can be
contacted at the Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture, Bee
Division, ul Kazimierska 2, PL-24 100 Pulawy, Poland.  Fax (+48) 831-
4209.
 
MEETINGS IN THE NOT-TOO-DISTANT FUTURE....
 
EAS 95, THE YEAR OF THE HIVE
 
Every year the Eastern Apiculture Society meets in the US or Canada, and
their events are well worth attending.  Primarily for keen hobbyists, there's
something for everyone; with short courses, workshops, a conference with
a variety of speakers, competitions and practical sessions.
 
This year EAS will be different, with 10-15 sites around the conference
venue containing practical, hands-on displays of bees and hives from the
US and other countries.
 
EAS 95, Wooster, Ohio, USA, 31 July to 4 August.  Info from Kim Flottum,
623 W Liberty Street, Medina, OH 44256, USA. Fax (+1) 216-725-5624;
phone 216-725-6677.
 
AND SOME FOR ADVANCE PLANNING....
 
IBRA DAY 1996
 
Next year IBRA is holding its annual day as part of the popular weekend
conference organized by the Devon Beekeepers' Associaton, at Seale-
Hayne from 12 to 14 July.  Some of the sessions have speaking slots still
available and, to be honest, we're looking to get some international
speakers on the cheap.  The Devon BKA budget won't stretch to jetting
people in from around the globe, but if anyone is going to be in the country
and would like to sing for their supper, please feel free to put your name
and subject forward to the programme committee for consideration.
Contact us at IBRA.
 
Travel expenses within the UK, and accommodation, can be covered.
We're mean, but not that mean.
 
6TH IBRA CONFERENCE ON TROPICAL BEES: MANAGEMENT AND
DIVERSITY
 
San Jose, Costa Rica, 12-17 August 1996.  Look for the first
announcement in next month's B.mail.
 
9TH INTERNATIONAL PALYNOLOGIC CONGRESS
 
Houston, Texas, USA, 22-29 June 1996.  Details from
dnichols@greenwood.cr.usgs.gov.
 
 
Andrew Matheson
Director
 
 
 
 
Return address:
E.mail: ibra@cardiff.ac.uk
Fax: (+44) 1222-665522
Telephone: (+44) 1222-372409
Snailmail: 18 North Road, Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK

-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Feb  1 23:39:26 EST 1995
Article: 1232 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Sioux City News
Date: Tue, 31 Jan 1995 19:51:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950131171722801@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 61        

                    ----------------------------------------
Sue City News or the Hot Wax Market plus Honey (the by-product)

Sioux Honey Association board directors authorized the additional
winter advance that most have nothing to spend it on in the east
but sure could help some poor western migratory beekeeper catch up
with his fuel and truck towing bills.

1984 Crop  to Date   March Advance  total as of March 1, 1995

BEESWAX     $0.95        $0.25           $1.29

(ding how)
Sue Bee    $0.33        $0.07           $0.40

(a la natural)
Aunt Sue   $0.33        $0.06           $0.39

Pool No.3  $0.28        $0.07           $0.35
Special    $0.28        $0.07           $0.35

Pool No.4  $0.13        $0.04           $0.17


*1985 Crop* Initial Advance on 1995 NEW Crop

Sue Bee Bottle Grade and Aunt Sue Bottle Grade          $0.24
Pool No.3 and Special Pool                              $0.19
Pool No.4                                               $0.10
Beeswax                                                 $0.85

More News from Sue

  The 2 cents bonus on Orange honey is reduced to 1 cent. Members
are reminded that certain residues, (politically correct for "Chemical
Residues"), FOUND in honey could result in rejection of the honey.
The board, (all food scientists I presume), set a tolerance level of
200ppb or 0.02ppm, (which ever is less), for "amitraz" found in honey.
It is assumed that beekeepers will know better then move their bees
into a farm area that uses this chemical and would not use it themselves
to make home made vampire mite control strips in violation of Federal
and State Laws. The board board also set the level for EDB at 10.0ppb
being the action level for rejection, stating that the in house testing
continues on a routine basis.

   With the more then good rains received on the left coast during
December and January giving the prospects for the largest crop of
honey this century, it behoves the producer to sell, sell, sell, just
in case my predictions come true. The cash price for honey, as low
as it is in relation to the producers cost of production is good
considering the pressures on the market from SA currency flux's,
packers increased transportation and money costs, and early prospects
for greater then normal production.

                                        ttul Andy-

(c) Permission to reproduce, granted.
Written opinions are not necessarily facts.
Check your facts before expressing opinions.

                <30>--<30>


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Wed Feb  1 23:39:26 EST 1995
Article: 1233 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news2.near.net!news.mathworks.com!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.duke.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!newsfeed.pitt.edu!dsinc!ub!newserve!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Date: Tue, 31 Jan 95 15:52:43 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 22
Message-ID: <17337DF52S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3gdugl$3r6@clue.callamer.com> <3ghalt$e1i@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3ghfkh$ke4@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <3glq6r$l8d@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <3glq6r$l8d@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) writes:
 
>
>Thanks all for the advice on this one.  I've decided to stack the supers
>high on the hive, put in a queen excluder so she doesn't start laying up
>with the honey....
>
 
BAD IDEA!  You don't want to add the queen excluder now, unless you are
absolutely sure the bees have enough stores below the excluder to make
it through the rest of the winter.  Otherwise the may move above the
excluder to get at the stores and the queen will be left below the
excluder and out of the cluster (guaranteed death sentence for your
queen).
 
The best advice given was to place an inner cover between the supers and
the winter cluster to reduce heat loss and minimize the chimney effect.
Then if need be ALL the bees will be able to move up, but most likely
will remain below the barrier between brood chambers and honey supers.
 
Aaron Morris - tired of thinking.


From jlks@u.washington.edu Wed Feb  1 23:39:28 EST 1995
Article: 1234 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!darwin.sura.net!lamarck.sura.net!howland.reston.ans.net!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!pipex!uunet!news.u.washington.edu!jlks
From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Date: 31 Jan 1995 16:58:03 GMT
Organization: University of Washington
Lines: 11
Message-ID: <3glq6r$l8d@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
References: <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3gdugl$3r6@clue.callamer.com> <3ghalt$e1i@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3ghfkh$ke4@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: homer06.u.washington.edu

Thanks all for the advice on this one.  I've decided to stack the supers 
high on the hive, put in a queen excluder so she doesn't start laying up 
with the honey, and then split (or perhaps catch a wild swarm - always 
wanted to try that) this spring.

Thanks again for the feedback, all.

Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/jordan.html



From moroney@world.std.com Wed Feb  1 23:39:29 EST 1995
Article: 1235 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!world!moroney
From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Message-ID: <5qkBlaE963HS071yn@world.std.com>
Sender: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
References: <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3gdugl$3r6@clue.callamer.com> <3ghalt$e1i@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <3ghfkh$ke4@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <3glq6r$l8d@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
Date: Wed, 1 Feb 1995 02:08:05 GMT
Lines: 13

In article <3glq6r$l8d@nntp1.u.washington.edu>,
jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) wrote:
> Thanks all for the advice on this one.  I've decided to stack the supers 
> high on the hive, put in a queen excluder so she doesn't start laying up 
> with the honey, and then split (or perhaps catch a wild swarm - always 
> wanted to try that) this spring.

You may want to consider the possibility you may lose the queen by doing this.
The cluster may move "upstairs" through the excluder and the queen, being
unable to pass through, may be left behind to freeze.  I do not know if
the bees will leave the queen behind or not.

-Mike


From bbeattie@csc.liv.ac.uk Wed Feb  1 23:39:30 EST 1995
Article: 1236 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!pipex!uknet!liv!lucs!bbeattie
From: bbeattie@csc.liv.ac.uk (B.J.H. Beattie)
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Sender: news@csc.liv.ac.uk (News Eater)
Message-ID: <D39Moo.MM2@csc.liv.ac.uk>
Date: Tue, 31 Jan 1995 10:34:00 GMT
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bill fernihough (bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca) wrote:
> In article <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu>, jlks@u.washington.edu
> (Jordan Schwartz) wrote:

> > been doing.  Sadly, one of the two hives did not make it.  I am not too 
> > surprised, as they were pretty weak going into the fall, and though I 
> > left them heavy stores on which to feed, I think they probably simply 
> > didn't have the numbers to resist the cold.  
> > 
> You might try feeding sugar syrup with antibiotics to the
> surviving hive, to build them up and initiate brood rearing, 

I've always understood that the use of antibiotics as prophylactics wasn't a 
Good Thing as there's a risk of producing resistant bacteria, so then it's no 
good when you REALLY need it.

Any other opinions on this?

Bridget Beattie.


From christer.seltorp@posnet.co.uk Wed Feb  1 23:39:31 EST 1995
Article: 1237 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!penny.ibmpcug.co.uk!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!posnet!christer.seltorp
From: christer.seltorp@posnet.co.uk (Christer Seltorp)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Honey Punch
Date: Sun, 29 Jan 1995 17:01:31 GMT
Message-ID: <950201180011110@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 32        

On (27 Jan 95) Andy Nachbaur wrote to All...

Hi Andy!

 >Anyone tried the Hackler Honey Punch? Any good?
 >
 AN>  |-------------------------------------|

 AN>   I'll byte Steve, whats the "Hackler Honey Punch"?  You might say
 AN> this question has Sunday punched me.<G>

I have tryed it but I am not satisfied with it.

After a short while the Hackler Honey Punch get filled with
wax from the frame. You have to clean it often in hot water.

Thats my experience with it.

Or does anyone know if you have to use some special trick
to get it working???????

Greetings

Christer

... BiBeBeeS the leading BBS in Europe of beekeeping matters

--- PPoint 1.86
 * Origin: PointSemin (240:246/3)


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Wed Feb  1 23:39:32 EST 1995
Article: 1238 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!hookup!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey Punch
Date: 1 Feb 1995 21:56:38 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <3gp02m$ekj@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <950201180011110@posnet.co.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <950201180011110@posnet.co.uk>,
Christer Seltorp <christer.seltorp@posnet.co.uk> wrote:
>I have tryed it but I am not satisfied with it.
>
>After a short while the Hackler Honey Punch get filled with
>wax from the frame. You have to clean it often in hot water.
>
>Thats my experience with it.
>
>Or does anyone know if you have to use some special trick
>to get it working???????
>
Okay. Please. What does this thing do?
Adam

-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From tkresser@ucs.indiana.edu Wed Feb  1 23:39:33 EST 1995
Article: 1239 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!newshost.marcam.com!hookup!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!usenet.ucs.indiana.edu!copper.ucs.indiana.edu!tkresser
From: tkresser@ucs.indiana.edu (todd)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: TEST
Date: 2 Feb 1995 01:02:24 GMT
Organization: Indiana University, Bloomington
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NNTP-Posting-Host: copper.ucs.indiana.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

This is a test.


From rspear@primenet.com Wed Feb  1 23:39:34 EST 1995
Article: 1240 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rspear@primenet.com (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey Punch
Date: Wed, 1 Feb 1995 17:56:46 PST
Organization: Primenet
Lines: 14
Message-ID: <rspear.237.00267329@primenet.com>
References: <950201180011110@posnet.co.uk> <3gp02m$ekj@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
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In article <3gp02m$ekj@solaris.cc.vt.edu> adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein) writes:
>From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
>Subject: Re: Honey Punch
>Date: 1 Feb 1995 21:56:38 GMT

[earlier stuff deleted]
>Okay. Please. What does this thing do?
>Adam
[.sig deleted]

Don't know, Adam ... but I'd guess that it opens up the cells for extraction.

Regards, Richard
rspear@primenet.com


From IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU Wed Feb  1 23:39:35 EST 1995
Article: 1241 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!hookup!olivea!charnel.ecst.csuchico.edu!csusac!csus.edu!news.ucdavis.edu!library.ucla.edu!news.mic.ucla.edu!MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU!IBAYPGX
From: IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU (Paulette)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Question--getting stung
Date: Wed, 01 Feb 1995 16:41
Organization: UCLA Microcomputer Support Office
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I am fascinated by bees and am thinking about getting a hive or at
least trying to get some experience working with bees in a more
rural environment (I live in suburban Los Angeles).  I am just
wondering, though, how much beekeepers tend to get stung while
actually working with the bees--extracting honey, for example.
Would ten or twenty stings be average?  Do you get used to them?
SHould I try building up immunity by getting stung increasingly
now?  Or is it just not a problem?  Thanks, Paulette


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Feb  1 23:39:36 EST 1995
Article: 1242 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Sioux City News
Date: Wed,  1 Feb 1995 23:43:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950201170340804@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 95        


 ÕÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ¸
Date: Tue, 31 Jan 1995 21:08:18 -0500
From: Adam Finkelstein <adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu>
Subject: Re: Sioux City News

Is the amitraz due to the use of liquid taktic?
 ÔÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ¾

Hello ADam,

    Yes, but I don't think the practice of using "TAKTIC", a easy to
get farm chemical, is as wide spread with Sioux Bee honey producers as
it may be with others. Because several years ago Sioux Bee on their own
volition set the tolerances lower then the legal tolerances as company
policy. Several large lots of members honey were rejected and the word
got out to all members.

    I don't necessarily agree with this policy, and in fact believe it
may be based on poor science and could have very disastrous public
relation effects if any one producer were to challenge it with in court
judeacation. Tolerances for agricultural chemicals or anything else
as set by government regulation are bad enough for the producer of any
crop, and the government to enforce, additional restrictions leave the
producer at the mercy of the buyer who sets them. At the same time it is
not unusual from buyers of agricultural products to have such policies
such as the corn growers who grow dried corn for snack food products in
this area. "They" the growers are restricted from using most any
agricultural chemicals by company policy.

    I admit to some personal bias as I once had a drum (660#) of honey
rejected because it contained EDB. I had not used EDB for several
years myself as I spent the bucks to air condition my storage buildings
so that it would be unnecessary, to save more bucks because of the high
costs and risks of using EDB and other chemicals prior to any regulation
of EDB. I also had a beautiful crop of Wild Buckwheat honey rejected
because it failed a test for sugar adulteration. Again, in this case
I used sugar syrup in the spring, (as 100% of Sioux members do in this
area), but my honey which was produced from a different source then
the others and was rejected. I took the hit, I learned later from
reliable chemists in the field of honey and sugar that I may have been
shafted because of the natural chemical nature of the honey I produced
>from  the Wild Buckwheat flowers, as has been acknowledged by scientific
study on honey from other flower sources, such as Orange, and Mesquite
>from  the south west. Lucky for me Wild Buckwheat honey is always in
demand, but I ate the costs of double transportation bills and the
drums the honey was packed in. As I had to use the old Honey Loan
Program I also got into deep trouble when I sold the honey and paid
the loan off, but neglected to inform the local ASCS office I had done
so until they received the money. I was forgiven by the local ASCS
and the STATE ASCS committees but not by the Washington bureaucrats.
After years of hassle, and a real kangaroo administrative hearing by
phone with a person thats only knowledge about beekeeping was that bees
made honey and beekeepers robbed them of it. I was proclaimed to owe our
government thousands of dollars that they are going to take it out of
any future income tax refunds. The interest is now more then the
principal and the ASCS is yet to collect the first dollar from my tax
refunds, as I never have got one and never will if they have their way.

    Regardless of how I feel or what I think, Sioux Honey Cooperative
has policy that is more restrictive then government regulation or the
real policies of any other honey packer. If nothing else this is good
public relations in that it shows the company is concerned with food
safety and goes the extra mile to insure consumers of Sioux Honey it
is pure honey. In reality government regulations that are intended to
do just that are subject to change at any time, and anyone could find
that what they produce in not in compliance. In watching state law
in places like Arizona, that passed a law to restrict the planting of
olive trees to protect people who have allergies, one wonders what would
happen if pollen in honey was to be regulated for similar reasons as
much olive pollen is collected by bees in the west.

    All this adds to the proof that commercial beekeepers today live
on the edge and it is not as much fun to be a beekeeper as it was a
generation ago unless you are some kind of pervert that likes a hassle
>from  some bureaucrat to make your day. I know a local dairyman, my age, a
Dutchman, who just got back from deep in Mexico after buying land to
move his diary just because of some of the same reasons. He came to this
country as a child, a displaced person who's family fled Holland after
WW II because they sided with the allies against the German appointed
local government. Now he is fleeing another country for similar reasons,
maybe its not his blood this time, only his milk that will be spilled,
but a man's livelihood has some value too. Many will say he was a poor
citizen, he arrived in this country with only the treads on his back,
and worked a lifetime to become a successful dairyman. Never gave up his
Dutch citizenship, so now he is free to go anyplace in the world that
better suites his personal needs. You and I should be so lucky. But I
don't think I would choose to go to Mexico to keep bees as there are
still a few locations and tricks here I have not tried.
                                                          ttul Andy-

- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì --
 ì”ì Wild Bee's BBS ì”ì       Beekeeping Information Service
BBS 209/826-8107 28.8 bd   INTERNET:  Andy.Nachbaur@BEENET.COM  
- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì -- ì”ì --


From bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca Thu Feb  2 10:42:51 EST 1995
Article: 1243 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsfeed.pitt.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!news.duke.edu!agate!news.mindlink.net!news
From: bill fernihough <bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Date: 2 Feb 1995 06:13:50 GMT
Organization: MIND LINK! Communications Corp.
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References: <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu> <bill_fernihough-2801951551160001@line12.nwm.mindlink.net> <D39Moo.MM2@csc.liv.ac.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: line54.nwm.mindlink.net

bbeattie@csc.liv.ac.uk (B.J.H. Beattie) wrote:
>
> bill fernihough (bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca) wrote:
> > In article <3g14gp$6im@nntp1.u.washington.edu>, jlks@u.washington.edu
> > (Jordan Schwartz) wrote:
> 
> > > been doing.  Sadly, one of the two hives did not make it.  I am not too 
> > > surprised, as they were pretty weak going into the fall, and though I 
> > > left them heavy stores on which to feed, I think they probably simply 
> > > didn't have the numbers to resist the cold.  
> > > 
> > You might try feeding sugar syrup with antibiotics to the
> > surviving hive, to build them up and initiate brood rearing, 
> 
> I've always understood that the use of antibiotics as prophylactics wasn't a 
> Good Thing as there's a risk of producing resistant bacteria, so then it's no 
> good when you REALLY need it.
> 
> Any other opinions on this?
> 
> Bridget Beattie.
Bridget, doesn't appear we're getting much attention, but can I suggest
that since bee's usually don't last more than a few weeks, there isn't 
time for resistance to occurr to the antibiotics.  The antibiotics themselves
are very weak, and only last six weeks in moisture, and only a few seconds
in sunshine, just for your info.  You can be sure that if you don't 
feed antibiotics regularly in infected areas, sooner or later, your
hives are going to be burnt.  You should discuss with you local bee
inspector for your area, who undoubtedly can assist.


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Fri Feb  3 08:27:31 EST 1995
Article: 1244 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsfeed.pitt.edu!dsinc!ub!newserve!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: beekeeping home page
Date: Thu, 02 Feb 95 09:24:03 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 4
Message-ID: <173398433S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu
Keywords: mosaic homepage

I'm not able to get to the Beekeeping Homepage this morining.  Is
this a temporary development?
 
Aaron Morris


From bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca Fri Feb  3 08:27:32 EST 1995
Article: 1245 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!news.duke.edu!agate!news.mindlink.net!news
From: bill fernihough <bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: 2 questions
Date: 2 Feb 1995 06:06:27 GMT
Organization: MIND LINK! Communications Corp.
Lines: 34
Message-ID: <3gpsp3$3i7@deep.rsoft.bc.ca>
References: <bird.30.2F2CE174@ace.acadiau.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: line54.nwm.mindlink.net

bird@ace.acadiau.ca (AVRIL BIRD) wrote:
>
> I am posting this for my Father-in-Law (please bear in mind that he barely 
> knows what a computer is so his questions may seem a little weirdly phrased).
> 
> 
> "Hi.  One of the requirements of a bee keeping operation is the availability 
> of queen bees.  A 40 hive operation, as a hobby, is no different.  Hives die 
> and new starter hives (nucs) have to be made.  Replacement of old queens 
> gives new genes to a dwindling hive.  Can anyone pass on information about 
> the miller method of queen raising?"
> 
> "Beekeeping can be fun but not always in the winter, and why is asked?  The 
> answer is survival rate.  A 40 hive operation with a survival rate of 85% 
> can be costly.  Try 50% for the last two years.  Somewhere around $1000 to 
> $1500 to replace these with no chance to increase to a greater number.  
> I am considering overwintering bees inside a building with fan systems and a 
> temp. of 4-7 degrees C.  Anyone with any experiences?"
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Avril Bird for
> Norman Bird
> Wolfville, Nova Scotia

Can I suggest your relative check with other beekeepers in the area for
ideas.  He is correct that such a mortality rate it too high, are 
mites, foulbrood, contributing?  If he is new to the business, there is
a wealth of free information available, he might check into it.  Try
writing to your local agricultureal dept in NS, if that doesn't work, 
send a note to the BC govt or Ontario dept of agriculture.  They still 
give away free info.  If the hives are wrapped well, enough honey, antibiotics
applied regularly, that loss could likely be much improved.



From syadasti@news.gate.net Fri Feb  3 08:27:34 EST 1995
Article: 1246 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!news.moneng.mei.com!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!tequesta.gate.net!not-for-mail
From: syadasti@news.gate.net (Mike Gogulski)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: royal jelly
Date: 2 Feb 1995 15:20:46 -0500
Organization: CyberGate, Inc.  Florida
Lines: 12
Message-ID: <3grequ$12lk@hopi.gate.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: hopi.gate.net


Does anyone have any pointers to net-resources regarding medicinal 
applications of this stuff in humans?  Or maybe a book that talks
about it or something?

Copy responses to email, please.

Thanks,
Peace,
Mike
-- 
Mike Gogulski syadasti@gate.net +14076783773 4270 Aloma 124-41A 32792-9366 USA


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Fri Feb  3 08:27:35 EST 1995
Article: 1247 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!msunews!netnews.upenn.edu!dolphin.upenn.edu!djt
From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Question--getting stung
Date: 2 Feb 1995 20:24:56 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
Lines: 46
Message-ID: <3grf2o$hds@netnews.upenn.edu>
References: <19950201164112IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU> <JM67.95Feb2125703@acmez.gatech.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: dolphin.upenn.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2-upenn1.1]

MURRAY,JEFFREY P (jm67@acmez.gatech.edu) wrote:

: >I am fascinated by bees and am thinking about getting a hive or at
: >least trying to get some experience working with bees in a more
: >rural environment (I live in suburban Los Angeles).  I am just
>wondering, though, how much beekeepers tend to get stung while
>actually working with the bees--extracting honey, for example.
>Would ten or twenty stings be average?  Do you get used to them?
>SHould I try building up immunity by getting stung increasingly
>now?  Or is it just not a problem?  Thanks, Paulette

:    I've only been keeping bees in Atlanta for a couple of years
: now, but in all of that time, I've only been stung three times.

:    I guess my advice to you is not to worry about it too much,
: unless you know you have adverse reactions to insect stings. If,
: on the other hand, you've suffered the occasional sting without
: major problems, then just wearing protective clothing should 
: be as much precaution as you need.

Paulette,

I found that the biggest problem with getting stung was not the initial 
discomfort resulting from the sting, but rather, the moderate swelling I 
experience hours later.  This reaction (the swelling) seems to decrease 
with repeated exposure (i.e., it did in my case).  If you're going to 
have minimal interaction with your bees, then you'll probably only going 
to gets stung a few times a year - but each instance may be a bit 
unpleasant.  If you are planning on many interactions, you might want to 
administer stings daily until you build up some tolerance.  (There is an 
intersting description of a method of doing so in the book "A Book of 
Bees" by Sue Hubbell)  The value of this is that you get it over with and 
can pick the sight of the swelling.  (Stings on the thigh are much better 
than on the ankle, for example)

Minimally, you should invest in face and neck protection, and when you do 
so, DON'T SKIMP.  Make sure you try on some differnt types and get 
something that will hold the net out away from your face and neck.  If 
you amortize the extra cost ($20 ?) for really decent protection over the 
lifetime (say 10 years) you'll agree it's worth it.   You mention 
"getting some expereince in a more rural environment..." This suggests 
you'd be working with some established beekeepers - they'll probably 
have an assortment of suits and head protection, so this may help.      


Dave


From jm67@acmez.gatech.edu Fri Feb  3 08:27:36 EST 1995
Article: 1248 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!gt-news!cc.gatech.edu!prism!acmez.gatech.edu!jm67
From: jm67@acmez.gatech.edu (MURRAY,JEFFREY P)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Question--getting stung
Date: 2 Feb 1995 12:57:04 -0500
Organization: Georgia Institute of Technology
Lines: 38
Sender: jm67@prism.gatech.edu
Message-ID: <JM67.95Feb2125703@acmez.gatech.edu>
References: <19950201164112IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU>
NNTP-Posting-Host: acmez.gatech.edu
In-reply-to: IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU's message of Wed, 01 Feb 1995 16:41


>I am fascinated by bees and am thinking about getting a hive or at
>least trying to get some experience working with bees in a more
>rural environment (I live in suburban Los Angeles).  I am just
>wondering, though, how much beekeepers tend to get stung while
>actually working with the bees--extracting honey, for example.
>Would ten or twenty stings be average?  Do you get used to them?
>SHould I try building up immunity by getting stung increasingly
>now?  Or is it just not a problem?  Thanks, Paulette

   I've only been keeping bees in Atlanta for a couple of years
now, but in all of that time, I've only been stung three times.
In two of the three cases it was my own fault (i.e., not wearing
protective clothing and doing stuff that I shouldn't have). The
third time was just persistence on the part of the bee; she
tried to sting me through my coveralls enough times that she
eventually made contact. I was in the process of tearing 
down the whole hive to check on disease conditions, and that
tends to make all of the bees unhappy.

   I guess my advice to you is not to worry about it too much,
unless you know you have adverse reactions to insect stings. If,
on the other hand, you've suffered the occasional sting without
major problems, then just wearing protective clothing should 
be as much precaution as you need.

   Jeeef

--
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu
-- 
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu


From rspear@primenet.com Fri Feb  3 08:27:37 EST 1995
Article: 1249 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!news.primenet.com!ip210.lax.primenet.com!rspear
From: rspear@primenet.com (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Question--getting stung
Date: Wed, 1 Feb 1995 19:05:19 PST
Organization: Primenet
Lines: 27
Message-ID: <rspear.241.006530DC@primenet.com>
References: <19950201164112IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ip210.lax.primenet.com
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev B final beta #4]

In article <19950201164112IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU> IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU (Paulette) writes:
>From: IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU (Paulette)
>Subject: Question--getting stung
>Date: Wed, 01 Feb 1995 16:41

>I am fascinated by bees and am thinking about getting a hive or at
>least trying to get some experience working with bees in a more
>rural environment (I live in suburban Los Angeles).  I am just
>wondering, though, how much beekeepers tend to get stung while
>actually working with the bees--extracting honey, for example.
>Would ten or twenty stings be average?  Do you get used to them?
>SHould I try building up immunity by getting stung increasingly
>now?  Or is it just not a problem?  Thanks, Paulette

Paulette - I too live in suburban LA (Sunland). I only have a few hives and I 
always wear my protective clothing when opening up the hives. I have only been 
stung once in three years, and that was by accident (the bee was in some 
clothes ... the hives are within 10 meters of the laundry room).

I also carry an anaphylactic kit - I have very bad reactions to stings.

I guess my point is that with proper care you can reduce the likelihood of 
being stung to an absolute minimun.


Regards, Richard
rspear@primenet.com


From cvoice@tyrell.net Fri Feb  3 21:33:21 EST 1995
Article: 1250 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!hudson.lm.com!news.pop.psu.edu!news.cac.psu.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!news.tyrell.net!cvoice
From: cvoice@tyrell.net (David Brown)
Subject: BEE-L
X-Nntp-Posting-Host: tyrell.net
Message-ID: <D39yIr.F87@tyrell.net>
Sender: news@tyrell.net (*)
Organization: Tyrell Corporation - 800-TYRELL-1 - POP's in 504/816/913/316
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL0]
Date: Tue, 31 Jan 1995 14:49:38 GMT
Lines: 5

I am looking for information on how to subscribe to the BEE-L list.  Any 
clues would be helpfull.

David Brown
cvoice@tyrell.net


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Feb  3 21:33:22 EST 1995
Article: 1251 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ
Date: 1 Feb 1995 04:36:28 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 397
Message-ID: <3gn34c$omc@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <D39yIr.F87@tyrell.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Summary: not revised

In article <D39yIr.F87@tyrell.net>, David Brown <cvoice@tyrell.net> wrote:
>I am looking for information on how to subscribe to the BEE-L list.  Any 
>clues would be helpfull.
>



sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ

1/12/94

 This is FAQ #7 for sci.agriculture.beekeeping. 


 This FAQ tries to list and point to all informational resources on the
internet for beekeepers and apiculturists. A great old beekeeping cliche is:
"there are about as many ways to keep bees as there are beekeepers."
Therefore rather than list and then answer the myriad beekeeping, bee culture,
and apicultural questions in a cumbersome document, specific internet
resources are listed in this FAQ so that you may find your own answers,
like a true beekeeper!. 
 If you are unable to utilize any of these resources, please don't hesitate
to contact me or post to sci.agriculture.beekeeping. As a last resort, you
could even mail the listserv, bee-l, but *please* be sure to include
a return address in your letter, and to realize that your question will go to
*** all *** the list subscribers. Explicit instructions on listserv use and
bee-l are included in this FAQ. Please read them before mailing anything to
bee-l. You can always ask somebody.  Asking really works!

 I'm working on an archive at sunsite.unc.edu for beekeeping. Once this is
done, you may mail me with information, comments, hints, stories, FAQ
ANSWERS, and they will become archived in an easily accessible way,
via ftp, gopher, and www. I have already received some really nice
beekeeping files. Thank you, you know who you are and you deserve praise!


****** POINTERS TO APICULTURAL INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET ******
 
USENET news   
* sci.agriculture.beekeeping   Beekeeping, bee-culture and hive products.

Listserv:
* BEE-L
  BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information
  concerning the biology of bees.  This includes honey bees
  and other bees (and maybe even wasps).  We communicate about
  sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution,
  genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower
  nectar and pollen production of bees.

To subscribe to BEE-L, send e-mail to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu
with one line in the body of your message:
SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <put your real name here>

To get help on how to run the listserver, send e-mail to
listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu with one line
in the body of your message:
HELP

To send a message to all current BEE-L subscribers, mail it to
BEE-L@uacsc2.albany.edu.


(FOR DETAILED LISTSERV INSTRUCTIONS, READ BEE-L SECTION AT END OF FAQ)


* Beekeeping Home Page (WWW)
   http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html

* _Apis_ Magazine archive (WWW)
   http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu:7999/~entweb/apis/apis.html

* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Colorado State University
    http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/ent.html

* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Iowa State University
    http://www.public.iastate.edu/~entomology/


* sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu anonymous ftp, gopher


* sunsite.unc.edu   anonymous ftp, gopher, telnet 

anonymous ftp:
ftp sunsite.unc.edu
cd pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture
cd sunsite-Sustainable-Agriculture/beekeeping

gopher:
gopher sunsite.unc.edu

go to:
The Worlds of sunsite
Sustainable Agriculture Information
beekeeping
(it's in there, the archive is huge!)


* ftp.ucdavis.edu   
anonymous ftp:
ftp ftp.ucdavis.edu
 /pub/extension/4h-youth/bee-keeping



* Beekeeping FAQ's from beenet.com


How to USE:

Internet E-Mail a message addressed to: (example)  HINT.103@beenet.com
on subject line put the name of FAQ:  HONEY ADULTERATION

Thats all, you are welcome to add a message.<G> Mail runs are
6am & 6pm. Problems, post to sysop@beenet.com 


  FAQ                                           Last update    9-28-94
  name                                                * NEW or UPDATED
_________
HINT.IND        THIS INDEX                                          *
WB-FILE.ZIP     Beekeeping Files Wild Bee's BBS 9k                9/28
yellow.jacket   How to get rid of them! Adrian Wenner             8/94
argentin.ant    Argentine Ant Control   Adrian Wenner             8/94
ambee.fed       Info-Joining American Beekeeping Federation
apimon95.txt    Info- APIMONDIA 1995 Meeting
mead.lst        How to join the Mead list mail
bee-l.faq       How to find Bee Info on Internet, Bee-L FAQ's++   9/10
import.relief   Letter to Congress, William J. Clinton (1994)
usda-bee.lab    Address & Info on Sending Dead bee samples (1992)
formic.txt      Warning on use of Formic Acid by beekeepers (1992)
propolis        Jerry Bronenshenk on PROPOLIS (1993)
4-H.txt         4-H joins the Internet (1993)
FSHEET11        INFORMATION US BEEKEEPING
HINT.101        SOURCES OF BEEKEEPING INFORMATION
HINT.102        HONEY AND ITS USES
HINT.103        HONEY ADULTERATION
HINT.104        FLORIDA BEE INSPECTION
HINT.105        FLORIDA BEARS AND BEEKEEPING
HINT.106        HONEY HOUSE SANITATION
HINT.107        FLORIDA HONEY LABELING REGULATIONS
HINT.108        PRODUCING SECTION (COMB) HONEY
HINT.109        EXHIBITING HONEY
HINT.110        SAMPLE POLLINATION AGREEMENT
HINT.111        SOLAR BEESWAX RENDERING AND HINTS FOR EXHIBITING WAX BLOCKS
HINT.112        EXTENSION APICULTURAL VISUAL AIDS
HINT.113        USING HONEY IN LARGE-QUANTITY RECIPES
HINT.115        GOOD NEIGHBOR GUIDELINES AND ORDINANCES
HINT.116        CHALKBROOD RECOMMENDATIONS
HINT.117        HONEY MARKETING SURVEY
HINT.118        PRODUCING POLLEN
HINT.119        FINANCIAL MANGEMENT FOR BEEKEEPERS
HINT.120        UPWARD VENTILATION
HINT.121        WAX MOTH CONTROL
HINT.122        BEE STINGS AND REACTIONS
HINT.123        EXTENSION APICULTURE IN FLORIDA
HINT.124        FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RATIOS FOR BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.125        PRESERVING WOODENWARE IN BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.126        THE VALUE OF POLLINATION BY HONEY BEES
HINT.127        THE VARROA BEE MITE
HINT.128        INFANT BOTULISM AND HONEY
HINT.129        HONEY JUDGING AND STANDARDS
HINT.130        USING THE HONEY REFRACTOMETER
HINT.131        OBSERVATION BEE HIVES

All HINT's courtesy of Malcolm T. Sanford, Cooperative Extension Service
University of Florida, Gainesville, Fl  e:mail mts@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
*beenet.com is an Information Service for Beekeepers & Friends, operated by
Andy Nachbaur from the Wild Bee's BBS, 209-826-8107, Los Banos, CA
****Thanks to Andy Nachbaur for putting this together.****
Andy would like your talents in expanding this service.
Interested? Write him. Email Andy.Nachbaur@beeneet.com
(****note**** this is not the most current list)



* Remote File Retriver from beenet.com

HOW IT WORKS: Mail addressed to <getfile@beenet.com> will be read by
wcARCHIE. When wcARCHIE locates this new mail, it will retrieve the text
>from  the SUBJECT LINE of the message. wcARCHIE will search the entire
Wildcat! file database for a file with a name that matches the text.
wcARCHIE will also search the \WCARCHIE directory for this file. If a file
is located, it will be sent as a message file attachment to the original
sender. If the subject line contains the word HELP, a help message will be
sent. If the subject line contains the word FILES, a list of available
files will be sent.


 
* Honey Hotline                       NHB Food Technology Program
  1 -800-356-5941                     P.O. Box 281525
  415-340-3568  (FAX)              San Franscisco, CA 94128-1525 USA

* National Honey Board
  421 21 st, suite 203,
  Longmont, CO  80501 USA
  303-776-2337

* The American Apitherapy Society, Inc.
 P.O. Box 124, Woodsville, NH 03785
  603-747-2507 (Voice & Fax)


 *International Bee Research Association
  18 North Rd
  Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK
  F: (+44) 1222 665 522
  V: (+44) 1222 372 409 (24 hrs)
  email: IBRA@cardiff.ac.uk
  Now putting out "B-Mail" a monthly newsletter available on the newsgroup
  or the listserver, soon to be archived.


 * Mead lovers list:
  mead-lovers-request@eklektix.com mead mailing list (subscribe,
  unsubscribe,   etc) mead-lovers@eklektix.com (to send message to all
  current mead-lover subscribers)


* The Mead Association
 P.O. Box 4666
 Grand Junction, CO 81502
 1-800-693-MEAD
 outside US 303-442-9111 

* Mead book list: for a good list of books on mead mail: jkl2@Ra.MsState.edu 
 ask for book list.




***** Online Beekeeping Reference Sources ******


* Malcolm Roe is pleased to answer British beekeeping questions such as:
how to get started, the addresses of local associations and equipment
suppliers, where to get some bees, legal questions, etc.
email  roe@crosfield.co.uk 

* _The Hewitt Apicultural Collection_ 
gopher: <  gopher.uconn.edu > Select Libraries and Research
Services. Then Edward H Kirschbaum Library (Waterbury Campus).
Lastly, Hewitt Apicultural Collection. 
Sheila A. Lafferty, librarian/archivist at UCONN handles this great
resource.
Write her for a bibliography, or questions. email  wbladm03@uconnvm.uconn.edu

* B-EYE   bee eye simulator
WWW pages that offer to "see the world through the eyes of a bee."
http://cvs.anu.edu.au/andy/
Andy Giger
email  giger@rsbs-central.anu.edu.au



***** Specialists *****

 * Dr. Rick Fell, Apiculture/Entomology professor and researcher at VA Tech
is available for questions, comments and queries.         
email  rfell@vt.edu


 * Dr. Adrian Wenner, Biology professor and researcher at UCAL SB has
available information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu 

 * Diana Sammataro, bee researcher, author, is available for Tracheal mite
questions and tracheal mite information.
email  dsammata@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu


 * Jim Dixon has information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email jdixon@ogopogo.educ.sfu.ca

 * Sharon J. Collman, W.S.U. Cooperative Extension, also has Yellow Jacket
control information.
email collmans@wsuvm.csc.wsu.edu

* For historical bee lore questions (bees knees), and bee lore info
write Warner Granade, Librarian at UVa.
email jwg2y@poe.acc.virginia.edu

* Pollen Information, including pollen production and pollen usage is 
available from Rob Bidleman.
email robbee@crl.com 

* Paul Cheng will be coordinating the Bee sting/venom/allergy FAQ.
email him with your information/input.
email pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu

* For free information on observation hives
email bculture@aol.com    ask for _Observation Hive How-To


* BOMBUS
 A mailing list dedicated to Bumblebees.
 To subscribe, send a message to bombus-request@csi.uottawa.ca.
 To send a message to everyone on the list, mail it to
 bombus@csi.uottawa.ca.
 The Bombus list is maintained by Chris Plowright
 (plowright@csi.uottawa.ca)


What is BEE-L?
Charter:
BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information
concerning the biology of bees.  This includes honey bees
and other bees (and maybe even wasps).  We communicate about
sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution,
genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower
nectar and pollen production of bees.
On the technical side:
BEE-L is a computerized e-mail list. All e-mail sent to the BEE-L
address is duplicated and mailed to all the current subscribers on the
list. The listserver (the computer that runs the list) maintains a log
(archive) of all messages, and list members may request a copy of
the log. The archive has a separate file for each month, and these
files are currently saved for about a year. To access the listserve
computer itself (i.e. to subscribe to or unsubscribe from BEE-L, to
request a log file, etc.), send e-mail to the listserver address. Don't
send control messages to the BEE-L address, because the message
will just be sent to everyone on the list, and the computer will not do
what you wanted it to do. Note that most control messages contain
the list name (BEE-L) somewhere in the command, as the listserve
computer generally runs many lists at any given time.
 
How do I post a message to BEE-L?
If you are on the Internet, send an e-mail message to
bee-l@uacsc2.albany.edu If you are on BitNet, address your e-mail to
bee-l@ALBNYVM1.BITNET  Any message received at these addresses
will be duplicated and mailed to everyone currently subscribed to
the BEE-L list.
 
How do I subscribe to, or unsubscribe from BEE-L?
Send mail to the listserve computer (from the Internet the address is
listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu  from BitNet, the address is
listserv@ALBNYVM1.BITNET  To SUBSCRIBE, the body of your
message  must contain the line:
SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <your full name>
You may abbreviate SUBSCRIBE with SUB. Be sure to substitute your
real name for the <your full name> placeholder. You do not need
quotes or any other delimiters surrounding your name. The listserve
computer will determine your address from the "From:" header in
your message. To UNSUBSCRIBE, the body of your message must
contain the line:
SIGNOFF BEE-L
You may substitute either UNSUBSCRIBE or UNSUB for the SIGNOFF in
this command to remove your subscription to the list If your address
has changed since you subscribed, this command will fail - write to
YOUR local POSTMAST/POSTMASTER/POSTMSTR id for assistance.  If
that fails, then write to OWNER-BEE-L     @<listnode> for assistance.
If that fails, then write one of the following (these are typical addresses
that should be forwarded to a person who can answer your question):
POSTMASTER@<listnode>
POSTMAST@<listnode>
POSTMSTR@<listnode>
Note: <listnode> = ALBNYVM1.BITNET if you are on BitNet.
<listnode> = uacsc2.albany.edu  if you are on Internet).
 
To avoid this problem, UNSUBSCRIBE from  BEE-L before you move to
a new e-mail address, and then  resubscribe from your new address.
 
How do I get help using the listserver?
Send a message to the listserver, with the one word HELP in the body
of the message.  Address the message to listserv@albnyvm1.bitnet if
you  are on BitNet, or address it to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu if you
are  on the Internet. The listserver will mail a help document back to
you.  Sending the message INFO ? will cause the listserver to mail
you a  list of additional help documents that are available. These
additional  documents are requested by sending the message INFO
<topic> (be  sure to substitute the desired document name for <topic>)


Aknowledgments

I would like to thank the following individuals:

Jon Gefael who taught me and who is almost always right
Pete Thorsen who is a walking man page
Rick Hough for his FAQ contributions, and gentle way
My school, VA Tech, for giving me an account
Dr. Rick Fell, for making me think
My old friend Jayne who bears with me even to this day
My children for their beauty
and to beekeepers worldwide
 
Copyright (c) 1995 by Adam Finkelstein, all rights reserved.
This FAQ may not be distributed for financial gain.
This FAQ may not be included in commercial collections or compilations
without express permission from the author.
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From DAHL@dahl.demon.co.uk Fri Feb  3 21:33:23 EST 1995
Article: 1252 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: DAHL@dahl.demon.co.uk (DAHL NELSON)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!peernews.demon.co.uk!dahl.demon.co.uk!DAHL
Subject: Re: BEE-L
References: <D39yIr.F87@tyrell.net>
Organization: MessyDesk
Reply-To: DAHL@dahl.demon.co.uk
X-Newsreader: Demon Internet Simple News v1.29
Lines: 16
X-Posting-Host: dahl.demon.co.uk
Date: Fri, 3 Feb 1995 18:40:15 +0000
Message-ID: <791836815snz@dahl.demon.co.uk>
Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

In article <D39yIr.F87@tyrell.net> cvoice@tyrell.net "David Brown" writes:

> I am looking for information on how to subscribe to the BEE-L list.  Any 
> clues would be helpfull.
> 
>
  mail to ...      listserv@albnyvm1.bitnet
         quote... "sub bee-l
                  help"
 

-- 
        -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -
           Dahl Nelson         e-mail..  DAHL@dahl.demon.co.uk.
            Sunderland
                  U.K.                   mutamur in illis


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sat Feb  4 12:09:00 EST 1995
Article: 1253 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: BEE-L
Date: 4 Feb 1995 03:02:37 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 26
Message-ID: <3guqod$fc0@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <D39yIr.F87@tyrell.net> <791836815snz@dahl.demon.co.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <791836815snz@dahl.demon.co.uk>,
DAHL NELSON <DAHL@dahl.demon.co.uk> wrote:
>In article <D39yIr.F87@tyrell.net> cvoice@tyrell.net "David Brown" writes:
>
>> I am looking for information on how to subscribe to the BEE-L list.  Any 
>> clues would be helpfull.
>> 
>>
>  mail to ...      listserv@albnyvm1.bitnet
>         quote... "sub bee-l
>                  help"


 mail to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu
in body of letter have:
SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <your name>


Check out the upcoming FAQ for more listserv commands --if you can't wait
mail me and I'll send you the latest one.
Adam 
-- 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Adam Finkelstein                     Price Hall 
Entomology                   VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA  24001-0325 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ______________________________________________________


From dritchie@nwrain.com Sat Feb  4 20:58:18 EST 1995
Article: 1254 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!library.ucla.edu!psgrain!rainrgnews0!usenet
From: dritchie@nwrain.com
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping Class - Northwest Area
Date: 4 Feb 1995 20:40:55 GMT
Organization: RGNet
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <3h0oon$rka@news0.rain.rg.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: p28.t0.tac.nwr.rg.net
X-Newsreader: AIR News 3.X (SPRY, Inc.)

	Passing this info along.	

	Message to would bee, bee-keepers!
	Don't buzz me, but here it is.
		
	Beginning Bee Keeping Classes

	Starting: Thursday, Feb 23,1995
		and
	              Friday, February 24,1995
	7:00 to 9:30 p.m.

	At the Beez Neez Apiary Supply
	312 "Bee" Maple Ave.
	Snohomish,  WA
	For Info Call (360) 568-2191 



From 74464.2341@CompuServe.COM Fri Feb 10 22:25:28 EST 1995
Article: 1255 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!news.inhouse.compuserve.com!news.production.compuserve.com!news
From: Dennis Brunnenmeyer <74464.2341@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Question--getting stung
Date: 5 Feb 1995 05:16:58 GMT
Organization: Cedar Ridge Systems
Lines: 19
Message-ID: <3h1n0a$jj8$4@mhadf.production.compuserve.com>
References: <3grf2o$hds@netnews.upenn.edu>

I've been keeping bees for going on three years and I've only 
been stung once or twice...but never while actually working with 
the bees.

I agree with one of the respondents, though, in that unless 
you're planning to wear protective gear the whole time, it's a 
good idea to get stung.

Our local club members here say that if you're going to get 
stung, however, you should do it a lot. Their recommendation is 
on the order of 100-200 times a year. Apparently, from what they 
say, if you get stung just a few times, say 15 times a year, you 
can develop a sensitivity that increases with time. I don't know 
if this is true, but one of them is quite bright and he has a 
college degree in biology/entomology.

Dennis Brunnenmeyer
Nevada County, California
<74464.2341@compuserve.com>


From rogerpost@delphi.com Fri Feb 10 22:25:30 EST 1995
Article: 1256 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!news2.near.net!news.delphi.com!rogerpost
From: rogerpost@delphi.com (Roger Post)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Question--getting stung
Date: 5 Feb 1995 06:57:39 GMT
Organization: Delphi Internet Services Corporation
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <9502050156591.The_Win-D.rogerpost@delphi.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1a.delphi.com
X-To: Roger Post <rogerpost@delphi.com>

In article <19950201164112IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU>, IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU
(Paulette) writes: > I am fascinated by bees and am thinking about getting a
hive or at > least trying to get some experience working with bees in a more

> rural environment (I live in suburban Los Angeles).  I am just
> wondering, though, how much beekeepers tend to get stung while
> actually working with the bees--extracting honey, for example.
> Would ten or twenty stings be average?  Do you get used to them?
> SHould I try building up immunity by getting stung increasingly
> now?  Or is it just not a problem?  Thanks, Paulette
> 

I suggest that you start by wearing gloves etc. I know that some beekeepers do 
not but they are old hands at it. When I had hives the most I ever got stung
was one day 9 times on the ankel. Most of the time I would be able to work
with them without getting stung at all. however I always wore veil and gloves
and long sleeve shirt even in the summer in Phoenix. 

If you have a severe reaction to bee stings you might want to think about some 
other hobby.


From bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca Fri Feb 10 22:25:31 EST 1995
Article: 1257 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!news.mindlink.net!news
From: bill fernihough <bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: First Pollen Report of 1995 for the North
Date: 5 Feb 1995 19:23:40 GMT
Organization: MIND LINK! Communications Corp.
Lines: 7
Message-ID: <3h38js$iv6@deep.rsoft.bc.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: line14.nwm.mindlink.net

On Feb 4, 1995, bees in the Vancouver BC Canada area were bringing
in fresh pollen.  A warm winter in the area has resulted in many
blooms about a month early, and even trees are starting to flower.
The pollen observed was bright yellow, beleived to be from crocus
flowers.
The hives in this area are strong, and willing to work early.  Outside
temperatures reached at 15 degrees C, quite a pleasant day.


From dumaglas@nbnet.nb.ca Fri Feb 10 22:25:32 EST 1995
Article: 1258 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!utcsri!utnut!torn!news.unb.ca!nbt.nbnet.nb.ca!dynam02.nbnet.nb.ca!user
From: dumaglas@nbnet.nb.ca (Ernest MacGillivray)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee Problem
Date: 5 Feb 1995 20:25:40 GMT
Organization: Hamilton-MacGillivray
Lines: 35
Message-ID: <dumaglas-0502951626390001@dynam02.nbnet.nb.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: dynam02.nbnet.nb.ca

> From: cowens@ix.netcom.com (Christine Owens)
> Newsgroups: rec.gardens
> Subject: Bees
> Date: 5 Feb 1995 02:01:20 GMT
> Organization: Netcom
> Lines: 22
> Distribution: world
> Message-ID: <3h1bhg$9de@ixnews2.ix.netcom.com>
> References: <3gk8g2$pde@freenet3.scri.fsu.edu>
<3gom2c$lr6@lastactionhero.rs.itd.umich.edu>
<1995Feb2.192421.38080@cobra.uni.edu> <3h18i8$qc1@abc.ksu.ksu.edu>
> NNTP-Posting-Host: ix-dc5-14.ix.netcom.com
> 
> Hi, All!
> 
> Got a problem.  I have this old stump in the back yard that
> became a beehive a couple of years ago.  (Cheers!)  Having a
> (very) local source of pollen-movers has done wonders for
> production in the veggie / fruit garden.  However, my
> neighbors found out about it -- they saw me harvesting the
> comb a couple weeks ago -- and now are agitating that I am
> harboring a menace to all of their children.  I am being
> blamed for every bee-sting that has occurred to anyone,
> anywhere, since the beginning of time.
> 
> Now, I happen to be allergic to bee stings; but it has been
> more than 15 years since the last time I was stung.  This is
> mainly because, although I garden extensively every year,
> I have learned how to not agitate the bees.  So, if I am not
> afraid of this "menace", why are they?
> 
> How can I convince the locals that a beehive and people
> are not incompatible?  Any suggestions?
> 
> Chris Owens


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Fri Feb 10 22:25:33 EST 1995
Article: 1259 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.starnet.net!wupost!uhog.mit.edu!news.kei.com!ub!newserve!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beginning Beekeeping Course, Upstate New York
Date: Mon, 06 Feb 95 10:34:10 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 13
Message-ID: <1733D94A3S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

Beginning Beekeeping at HVCC
 
SABA* member Rick Green will be teaching a beginning course in
beekeeping at Hudson Valley Community College.  Offered through the
continuing education program, this not for credit special interest
course will meet for three sessions on February 22, March 15 and
April 19 from 6:00 PM to 9:00 PM.  Registration fee for the class is
$20 and includes the text, which is a 40 page color booklet.  If you are
interested in taking the course or if you have a friend who
has been considering taking up beekeeping, contact HVCC Continuing
Education at (518) 270-7338.
 
*Southern Adirondack Beekeepers' Association (SABA)


From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Fri Feb 10 22:25:35 EST 1995
Article: 1260 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.moneng.mei.com!uwm.edu!fnnews.fnal.gov!gw1.att.com!nntpa!not-for-mail
From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Stings and Things
Message-ID: <D3L83p.D2z@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Sender: news@nntpa.cb.att.com (Netnews Administration)
Nntp-Posting-Host: mvuts.mv.att.com
Organization: AT&T
Distribution: na
Date: Mon, 6 Feb 1995 16:50:04 GMT
Lines: 8

Facts in MY LIFE!
When I was a carpenter, I got slivers...
When I was a secretary, I got paper cuts...
When I was an electrian, I got shocked...
When I was a auto mechanic, I got greasy...
When I was a landscaper, I got dirty

When I kept bees, I got stung...


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Feb 10 22:25:36 EST 1995
Article: 1261 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Weather report
Date: Sun,  5 Feb 1995 16:34:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950205161814829@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 24        


*Internet Weather Report*

From: kowens@teleport.com (Jeff Owens)
Newsgroups: alt.agriculture.fruit
Subject: Weather report
Date: 4 Feb 1995 14:58:42 -0800


Well, here in the Pacific Northwest many of the buds opened today.
We have been having warm weather and the trees think it is spring.
Groan! Anyone want to bet we will lose our fruit crop to a hard
frost?  Maybe the weather will stay warm it will be
a bumper year.  And maybe that issai kiwi will finally have all
those berries the catalog promised.  And maybe the last two
sentences are bad jokes.

<end quotes>

   A early bloom in the Pacific Northwest would be disaster from
tree fruit growers there, not only from the worry of frost, but because
of the reality that all the honey bees are in California for the almond
bloom where the foggy weather has kept most in with the exception of a
few hours one afternoon in the last week.


From pollinator@aol.com Fri Feb 10 22:25:37 EST 1995
Article: 1262 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uunet!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Question--getting stung
Date: 5 Feb 1995 19:05:24 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 92
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <3h3p44$16f@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
References: <9502050156591.The_Win-D.rogerpost@delphi.com>
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com

In article <19950201164112IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU>,
IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU
(Paulette) writes: > I am fascinated by bees and am thinking about getting
a
hive or at > least trying to get some experience working with bees in a
more

> rural environment (I live in suburban Los Angeles).  I am just
> wondering, though, how much beekeepers tend to get stung while
> actually working with the bees--extracting honey, for example.
> Would ten or twenty stings be average?  Do you get used to them?
> SHould I try building up immunity by getting stung increasingly
> now?  Or is it just not a problem?  Thanks, Paulette

    I am a commercial beekeeper, who gets stung a few times most days, and
occasionally, when the bees have a bad day, so do I.  As a rule of thumb,
I figure on only about one really bad day each year.

    Your body adapts to stings, so that eventually the only ones that will
have any signigicant effect are those right close to your eyes or lips. 
Of course any sting hurts, but after your body is adapted, they will not
swell, and will stop hurting in a minute or two.  Usually in ten minutes
there is not even a mark to show where you've been stung.

    I encourage people who are starting to have gloves available, but not
to use them if possible.  Gloves make you more clumsy, so may actually
increase stinging.  They also can carry the sting odor and increase
stinging.  (You can wash your hands and should always have wash water
available.)  Gloves can also become contaminated if used to handle
foulbrood cases.   Bees will rarely go for your hands on purpose, most
such stings occur when you accidently mash a bee, so just work calmly and
carefully.

    One time I had a serious reaction to a sting after dental surgery,
when I was on a painkiller.  Some drugs (I've heard those in the ibuprofen
family) will interact with bee venom and cause reactions.  In my case I
had hives, itching, sweating and I think, a fever.

    On another occasion, when loading a truckload of very aggressive bees
I had some reaction.  The bees had been in an apple orchard and were on
wagons, which were drawn to a central loading area during the night, and I
loaded at daybreak.  They apparently didn't like all that bouncing around
at night, and the loss of the apple bloom.  I was miles from home and had
no gloves with me (bad plan!) and was probably stung several hundred
times.  My wrists swelled a little, and all my joints ached.  Something
like a case of flu - I think I was running a fever.  Fortunately I had
another driver (who stayed in the truck during loading).  I took two
Tylenols and slept for a couple hours while he drove, after which I was
fine.

   You won't have such a situation, if you keep a couple hives in the
backyard. I'm just illustrating it as the extreme case.  I keep Benadryl
available in the trucks for the help, but I've never used it for stings,
as it will put me to sleep (the hired hands too).

   Most stinging can be avoided if you pick your days to work bees - a
luxury that often is not available to commercial beekeepers.  If you find
the bees are touchy, you can try another day.  Generally they are bad if
they cannot get out for several days of poor weather.  Bees that get
crowded in the hives tend to be more aggressive, so if you keep plenty of
room you'll have gentler bees (and also limit swarming).

   Once in a while you'll have a rogue hive that is always in a bad
temper.  To deal with it the easiest way, place a small starter hive next
to it (a nuc just transferred into a full sized hive is good), then move
the nasty hive a couple hundred feet on a nice morning when you expect
good foraging conditions.  The nasty workers will leave from their new
location, forage, and return to the old location, where they will enter
the nuc.  Don't plan on doing anything with the nuc for a while, they will
temporarily become nasty until these field workers die off.

   After time for most of the field force to transfer, open the nasty hive
and find the queen.  There will not be very many adults and they will be
almost all young bees, so they will be more gentle.  Find the queen and
kill her.  Then introduce a queen in a cage, from good gentle stock. 
Without the older bees, there should be good acceptance.

   Incidently bee stings, while temporarily painful are probably
beneficial in moderation.  How many beekeepers are in their seventies and
eighties, and still working like young men.  I think they help me stay
younger.  In the winter, when I am not handling bees, I sometimes get very
stiff, especially in my lower back.  I can go to the bees and deliberately
get a couple stings, and the stiffness will go away for a couple weeks.

   I may be giving you more than you want here.  The key is that bee
stings are not usually a problem, and there are solutions if there are.  I
have a lot worse problems getting employees because beekeeping is hard
work, than because they sting.

Pollinator@aol.com                       Dave Green
Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC  29554


From fzyenath@chip.ucdavis.edu Fri Feb 10 22:25:38 EST 1995
Article: 1263 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!news.mathworks.com!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.duke.edu!agate!news.ucdavis.edu!chip!fzyenath
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: does honey turn hair grey?
Message-ID: <3h41b8$49s@mark.ucdavis.edu>
From: fzyenath@chip.ucdavis.edu (Geeta Bharathan)
Date: 6 Feb 1995 02:25:44 GMT
Organization: University of California, Davis
NNTP-Posting-Host: chip.ucdavis.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
Lines: 11

This should be the group that can answer this question. The mythology in 
my husband's side of the family is that honey turns hair grey; I think it 
only makes it sticky. Does anyone here have a good answer (referenced, if 
possible)? 
I posted this question on sci.bionet, got two contradictory answers and 
one suggestion that I try this group.

Thanks in advance for your responses.

Geeta Bharathan



From rvan@saucer.cc.umr.edu Fri Feb 10 22:25:39 EST 1995
Article: 1264 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!news.ksu.ksu.edu!hptemp1.cc.umr.edu!rvan
From: rvan@saucer.cc.umr.edu (Robert Van Leeuwen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Question--getting stung
Date: 6 Feb 1995 03:18:14 GMT
Organization: UMR Missouri's Technological University
Lines: 28
Message-ID: <3h44dm$4lm@hptemp1.cc.umr.edu>
References: <19950201164112IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU>
NNTP-Posting-Host: saucer.cc.umr.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Paulette (IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU) wrote:
: I am fascinated by bees and am thinking about getting a hive or at
: least trying to get some experience working with bees in a more
: rural environment (I live in suburban Los Angeles).  I am just
: wondering, though, how much beekeepers tend to get stung while
: actually working with the bees--extracting honey, for example.
: Would ten or twenty stings be average?  Do you get used to them?
: SHould I try building up immunity by getting stung increasingly
: now?  Or is it just not a problem?  Thanks, Paulette


Have been been in beekeeping for 20 years now.  Probably I've been stung
more as a kid when I wasn't beekeeping than now.  I assume it's cause
I'm a little smarter.  With a average of 20 hives, I'd say I get stung
maybe 2-5 times a year.  
One summer I was a state beehive inspecter so I was tearing apart
20-50 hives a day for 3 months.  Some of these suckers were REALLY MEAN!
even so I was only stung badly on one occasion (~10 stings) besides that
I'd say I was only stung 5 times the whole summer.  
 BTW, I wore coveralls, zipped veil and gloves for all this

As long as you don't work bees in the late evening or before a bad
storm U should be all right assuming your haves aren't hellswarms.
and assuming U are careful not to squash bees to get their kill
instinct going.

                      RVL



From rvan@saucer.cc.umr.edu Fri Feb 10 22:25:41 EST 1995
Article: 1265 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!hookup!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!news.ksu.ksu.edu!hptemp1.cc.umr.edu!rvan
From: rvan@saucer.cc.umr.edu (Robert Van Leeuwen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Honey solids???
Date: 6 Feb 1995 03:23:41 GMT
Organization: UMR Missouri's Technological University
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X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]


OK OK I know. this is ag.beekeeping, not ag.honey, but I have an odd 
question anyway...

My wife bought some a honey-whole wheat bread mix (U just add water)
I looked at the ingredients and saw that it had more rice and soy flour
than wheat flour and the only ingredient that had ANYTHING to do with
honey was the very last one which said: honey solids.

Now I've been in beekeeping for 20 years, and have never heard of this.
Anybody have a clue as to what honey solids would be???


                   Robert VL



From psevern@iccu6.ipswichcity.qldgov.au Fri Feb 10 22:25:42 EST 1995
Article: 1266 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!caen!msunews!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!bunyip.cc.uq.oz.au!iccu6!news
From: Phil Severn <psevern@iccu6.ipswichcity.qldgov.au>
Subject: Re: Question--getting stung
Sender: news@ipswichcity.qld.gov.au
Message-ID: <D3Kny1.MHA@ipswichcity.qld.gov.au>
Date: Mon, 6 Feb 1995 09:34:49 GMT
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References:  <9502050156591.The_Win-D.rogerpost@delphi.com>
Organization: Global Infolinks Internet Server, Ipswich Qld Australia
Lines: 32

rogerpost@delphi.com (Roger Post) wrote:
>
> In article <19950201164112IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU>, IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU
> (Paulette) writes: > I am fascinated by bees and am thinking about getting a
> hive or at > least trying to get some experience working with bees in a more
> 
> > rural environment (I live in suburban Los Angeles).  I am just
> > wondering, though, how much beekeepers tend to get stung while
> > actually working with the bees--extracting honey, for example.
> > Would ten or twenty stings be average?  Do you get used to them?
> > SHould I try building up immunity by getting stung increasingly
> > now?  Or is it just not a problem?  Thanks, Paulette
> > 
> 
> I suggest that you start by wearing gloves etc. I know that some beekeepers do 
> not but they are old hands at it. When I had hives the most I ever got stung
> was one day 9 times on the ankel. Most of the time I would be able to work
> with them without getting stung at all. however I always wore veil and gloves
> and long sleeve shirt even in the summer in Phoenix. 
> 
> If you have a severe reaction to bee stings you might want to think about some 
> other hobby.

While I concur with most of what your advice said, I don't agree about getting 
another hobby. I have an allergic reaction to bee stings, admittedly it has settled 
down over the years, but it never stopped me from enjoying it as a hobby. I have on
average 15 hives and working with a mate we work 40 - 50 hives. While I wear the
full protection my mate only puts his gear on when the bees get agro. Maybe because
the weather is reasonably constant in temperature over here (Australia) that seems
to be the trend, only wear the gear when you have to. So I get pretty hot when working
the hives  but as I said I still enjoy it as a hobby.
                                                      Phil S.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Feb 10 22:25:43 EST 1995
Article: 1267 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: does honey turn hair grey?
Date: Mon,  6 Feb 1995 16:10:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950206170607838@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 73        


 |-----------------|Fzyenath@chip.Ucdavis.Edu (geeta Bharathan)refer#: None
 wrote:
>Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
>Subject: does honey turn hair grey?
>Date: 6 Feb 1995 02:25:44 GMT
>Organization: University of California, Davis
>
>This should be the group that can answer this question. The mythology in
>my husband's side of the family is that honey turns hair grey; I think it
>only makes it sticky. Does anyone here have a good answer (referenced, if
>possible)?
>I posted this question on sci.bionet, got two contradictory answers and
>one suggestion that I try this group.
>
>Geeta Bharathan
 |-------------------------------------|

   Hello Geeta,

      Naah, most of the old beekeepers I know, and some of the more
aggressive young ones have little hair at all. So if anything the stress
of beeing a beekeepers may result in the loss of hair, but the gray
seems to come on with the seasons and not the work.

      Though antidotal, if honey causes any change in the beekeeper
or loyal honey consumers metabolic behaviour it is a increase in the
libido or sex drive. A unsophisticated scientific study yet to be
published will show that there is a natural inert ingredient in Honey
that increases the sexual energy in adults, and recommendations should
be added to the federal nutritional statements on the label that the use
of "honey should be limited in use by adults to one pound per person per
week". Federal law prohibits me from going into greater detail on the
recommendations because it is a human health issue, but I will say
Honey's use internally is well documented and the external use is still
in the experiential stages. We do recommend the Honey Hair conditioners
alone with the normal internal ingestion on a daily basis. If
consumption is more then 16 ounces per week, internally, caution should
be used in advanced social behaviour and interactions to prevent
unwanted circumstances of such behaviour and all the normal precautions
should be used in adult relations.

Some honey has to have more of these inert ingredients then others, but
because of the high cost of doing this kind of research and a limited
budget due to hard times only one brand was tested, SUE BEE Clover
Honey, and Aunt Sue's Natural brands.

      Due to the limited supply of honey world wide it behoves us all
to keep this information confidential within the industry as roomers
could start a run on honey depleting the supply for people who really
are in need of it. Through the cooperation of the California Department
of Health, much has been done to reduce the amount of honey fed infants,
increasing the supply for people on the down side of life's scale.

      We are still looking for volunteer field testers, and anyone who
has consumed at least a pound of honey a week for one year of any variety
will be considered as a test subject for an additional years study. But
again to limitations on budgets and the limited supply of Honey, testers
will have to supply their own honey and write their own reports.

   ______________________
  (//////////////////////)
  (//////////////////////)      Andy- Field Research Department
  /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\        Wild Bee's BBS 209-826-8107
 |     Wild Flower!       |        "We eat what we produce."
 |                        |
 |  _   _          \    / |
 | | |_| | __      _ \/   |  (c)permission to reproduce, granted.
 | | |-| |:  :|\ |:_ ::   |  Written opinions are not necessarily fact.
 | |_| |_|:__:| \|:_ ||   |  Check your facts before expressing opinion.
 |                        |
 |  Product of USA..16oz  |
 |________________________|


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Feb 10 22:25:45 EST 1995
Article: 1268 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Honey solids???
Date: Mon,  6 Feb 1995 16:28:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950206170608839@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 43        


 |-----------------|Rvan@saucer.Cc.Umr.Edu (robert Van Leeuwen)refer#: None
 wrote:
>From: rvan@saucer.cc.umr.edu (Robert Van Leeuwen)
>Subject: Honey solids???
>Date: 6 Feb 1995 03:23:41 GMT
>
>My wife bought some a honey-whole wheat bread mix (U just add water)
>I looked at the ingredients and saw that it had more rice and soy flour
>than wheat flour and the only ingredient that had ANYTHING to do with
>honey was the very last one which said: honey solids.
>
>Now I've been in beekeeping for 20 years, and have never heard of this.
>Anybody have a clue as to what honey solids would be???
>
>
>                   Robert VL
 |-------------------------------------|

   Sounds like the Honey in that bread is the one who prepares and
cooks it. Some of these companies who trade on the good name of Honey
will tell you if asked that the honey has to be added by you in the
glaze as in Honey Cross Buns, its a rip off, looks like a double
rip off to me.

   Normally by law the ingredients are listed in descending order as
to amounts of each. Few labels will list the actual amounts, but the
new nutritional labels do help if your concern is in empty calories or
fiber and fats. If a ingredient is not listed it can be assumed it does
not contain that ingredient or is in violation of the US Federal Food
Labeling Laws.

   I just would not buy this product, and for sure read the label before
purchase of any other. As a beekeeper I would do a little more and
write the company and express my opinion at being ripped off by them.
Also I would not hesitate to let others know what the brand name of
the product was and who made it so the rest of us don't get ripped off.

Their defence will be that you could have read the small print on the
label of ingredients before you purchased it, and not assumed that the
product would not, if prepared as directed produce a "Honey" of a
whole-wheat bread minus the honey and dam little wheat. Who knows they
may send you a 10 cents off coupon on your next purchase.


From danb@blkbox.com Fri Feb 10 22:25:46 EST 1995
Article: 1269 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!swrinde!news.uh.edu!uuneo.neosoft.com!blkbox.COM!usenet
From: Dan Buchsbaum <danb@blkbox.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Question--getting stung
Date: Tue, 7 Feb 1995 16:27:59 -600 (CST)
Organization: The Black Box, Houston, Tx (713) 480-2686 
Lines: 8
Message-ID: <Pine.SCO.3.90.950207161816.15613A-100000@blkbox.blkbox.COM>
References: <19950201164112IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU>
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Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
In-Reply-To: <19950201164112IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU> 

I've only kept bees for 2 years, but I've noticed that my bees are 
crankiest on really hot days.  All I had to do was quietly remove the 
telescoping cover and they'd be all over me.  I learned that in the 
middle of our hot Texas summers to get out and do my thing before 9am.
And wearing gloves dosen't mean a thing.  When my bees are in the mood, 
they'll sting right through.  (whoops-maybe I shouldn't have mentioned that!
You learn to love them tho'......stings and all....:-)  
Cynthia in Houston


From kcm999@arts.usask.ca Fri Feb 10 22:25:47 EST 1995
Article: 1270 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: kcm999@arts.usask.ca (Keith Moore)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: 1915 1st ed Phillips Beekeeping F.S.
Date: 7 Feb 1995 04:28:29 GMT
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I have a copy of E.F. Phillips Beekeeping : A discussion of the Life of 
the Honeybee and the production of Honey (MacMillan, 1915) for sale. This 
is an old withdrawn (long ago I think) library copy with no dust cover. 
Larry Connors priced a 1943 printing of this book at U.S. $40.00 (see 
Connor Letter), I'd look at offers over U.S. $50.00. (Has wonderful line 
drawings of bees, plants and equipment.)   

I also have a copy of the 34th ed of ABC - XYZ of Bee Culture (1972) for 
U.S. $12.00 ($16.00 Canadian)

Prices are post paid.


From david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM Fri Feb 10 22:25:48 EST 1995
Article: 1271 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david macfawn <david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM>
Subject: Re: 2 questions
Message-ID: <D3L2K8.LEG@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
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There was a recent article in either Bee Culture or American Bee Journal on
overwintering in buildings.  It was within the last 3-4 months so if you  find
someone with past issues you can probably find the article.  On the Miller
method, you may want to call Cornell and ask.  Cornell also has an excellent
5-6 page brouchure on raising queens in colder climates  with excellent
pictures.  I remember reading or seeing some literature on the Miller
method...maybe it was in one of the books from Dadant/Brushy Mountain Bee
Supply/or Walter T Kelley

Rgds, Dave M.


>==========AVRIL BIRD, 1/30/95==========
>
>I am posting this for my Father-in-Law (please bear in mind that 
>he barely 
>knows what a computer is so his questions may seem a little 
>weirdly phrased).
>
>
>"Hi.  One of the requirements of a bee keeping operation is the 
>availability 
>of queen bees.  A 40 hive operation, as a hobby, is no different.  
>Hives die 
>and new starter hives (nucs) have to be made.  Replacement of 
>old queens 
>gives new genes to a dwindling hive.  Can anyone pass on 
>information about 
>the miller method of queen raising?"
>
>"Beekeeping can be fun but not always in the winter, and why is 
>asked?  The 
>answer is survival rate.  A 40 hive operation with a survival rate of 
>85% 
>can be costly.  Try 50% for the last two years.  Somewhere 
>around $1000 to 
>$1500 to replace these with no chance to increase to a greater 
>number.  
>I am considering overwintering bees inside a building with fan 
>systems and a 
>temp. of 4-7 degrees C.  Anyone with any experiences?"
>
>Thanks,
>
>Avril Bird for
>Norman Bird
>Wolfville, Nova Scotia
>

david macfawn
AT&T Global Information Solutions
david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM
(803) 939-632-7409


From jcooper@infinet.com Fri Feb 10 22:25:49 EST 1995
Article: 1272 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!malgudi.oar.net!infinet!jcooper
From: jcooper@infinet.com (Joseph Cooper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Apis yemenitica
Date: 9 Feb 1995 02:13:04 GMT
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NNTP-Posting-Host: rigel.infinet.com
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I have just been apprised of the possible existence of the species Apis 
yemenitica.  Said to flourish in Yemen south of Saudi Arabia's Empty 
Quarter, this honeybee may have originated in Ethiopia.

My education would be almost complete if people who have personal 
knowledge of this bee were to share something of their experience with 
others on this newsgroup.



--
*************************     
*     Joseph Cooper     *      
*  jcooper@infinet.com  *
*************************


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Feb 10 22:25:50 EST 1995
Article: 1273 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!news.iag.net!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Question--getting stung
Date: 8 Feb 1995 01:09:45 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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Message-ID: <3h95kp$q4q@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <19950201164112IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU> <Pine.SCO.3.90.950207161816.15613A-100000@blkbox.blkbox.COM>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <Pine.SCO.3.90.950207161816.15613A-100000@blkbox.blkbox.COM>,
Dan Buchsbaum  <danb@blkbox.com> wrote:
>I've only kept bees for 2 years, but I've noticed that my bees are 
>crankiest on really hot days.  All I had to do was quietly remove the 
>telescoping cover and they'd be all over me. 

 Hello Cynthia,  

 Did you use smoke?
Judicious use of smoke will calm the nastiest colonies.
Adam



-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From ricks@mathworks.com Fri Feb 10 22:25:51 EST 1995
Article: 1274 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!hookup!news.mathworks.com!NewsWatcher!user
From: ricks@mathworks.com (Rick Spada)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Book suggestions for beginner in Northeast
Date: Thu, 09 Feb 1995 08:17:26 -0500
Organization: The MathWorks, Inc.
Lines: 16
Message-ID: <ricks-0902950817260001@144.212.200.159>
NNTP-Posting-Host: spada-ppp.mathworks.com

I'm seeking suggestions for a book on beekeeping.  I am planning on
keeping bees this year, and would like a good reference to have at hand. 
Ideally, the book would cover the various stages of management, diseases,
and harvesting.

Private E-mail is fine.  I will repost a tally of the suggestions I receive.

Thanks.

-- Rick

__ Rick Spada _______________________ ricks@mathworks.com __
     The MathWorks, Inc.               info@mathworks.com
     24 Prime Park Way           http://www.mathworks.com
     Natick, MA 01760-1500              ftp.mathworks.com
__ Tel: 508-653-1415 ___ Fax: 508-653-2997 _________________


From killoran@ll.mit.edu Fri Feb 10 22:25:52 EST 1995
Article: 1275 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news2.near.net!llnews.ll.mit.edu!usenet
From: killoran@ll.mit.edu (Mike Killoran)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Help needed choosing bees for new hive
Date: 09 Feb 1995 14:09:55 GMT
Organization: MIT Lincoln Lab -- Lexington, MA
Lines: 37
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <KILLORAN.95Feb9090955@gourock.llan>


Hi,

I just finished my first year as a beekeeper.  I have one hive
wintering with Starline bees.  They did very well last year,
almost 100 pounds of honey!  Of course, they started on foundation
so I feel it was quite a good year.

Now I'm planning on adding another hive and I'd like to select
a strain (is that the right word?) that is visually different
from my Starlines.  You may wonder why I don't get another package
of Starlines as they did so well for me; As I'm doing this mostly 
for fun, getting something different seems like fun.

I believe Starlines are derived from Caucasian.  What would be
a good choice here?  A friend said Buckfast is a good choice,
anyone know if they look different from the Starlines?  If it 
matters, I'm located a bit west of Boston.

Also, is there any reason that I shouldn't mix bee types in the
same apiary?

	-Mike Killoran

An aside:

When I first heard the name 'Buck fast' I thought that whoever
named them should really take a marketing class!  I could picture
someone who just whipped up a new strain for profit thinking 'Hmmm,
this should make me a fast buck... maybe I'll call them Buckfast.

Now knowing they were developed in Buckfast, England makes my
imaginary scheme less likely...
--
Mike Killoran                            Zen says:
killoran@ll.mit.edu                  Cease to do evil,
(617) 981-2667 (Lexington, MA USA)    Try to do good.


From syoung@unix1.netaxs.com Fri Feb 10 22:25:54 EST 1995
Article: 1276 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!msunews!netnews.upenn.edu!netaxs.com!unix1.netaxs.com!syoung
From: syoung@unix1.netaxs.com (Resampling; syoung)
Newsgroups: misc.education.science,sci.agriculture.beekeeping,sci.anthropology.paleo,sci.aquaria,sci.archaeology.mesoamerican
Subject: Papers on Resampling Wanted (p02075)
Followup-To: poster
Date: 8 Feb 1995 16:42:21 GMT
Organization: Netaxs Internet BBS and Shell Accounts
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Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3has9d$3hh@netaxs.com>
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu misc.education.science:2163 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1276 sci.anthropology.paleo:2418 sci.aquaria:11287 sci.archaeology.mesoamerican:1050


     Have you written any papers in your field applying the bootstrap or 
other resampling methods of statistical inference to your data?  If so, we 
would like to make them available to researchers and teachers through our 
Web site (also Gopher and FTP) devoted to resampling methods, software and 
pedagogy.  Please contact syoung@netaxs.com for more information.

Peter Bruce, Resampling Project, University of Maryland


From MC5810@mclink.it Fri Feb 10 22:25:55 EST 1995
Article: 1277 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!EU.net!i2unix!news
From: I.N.E.A. Ist.Naz.Econ.Agraria <MC5810@mclink.it>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Questionnaire On Expert Syst.
Date: Tue, 07 Feb 95 15:26:05 CET
Organization: MC-link - Italian Dial-Up Online Service
Lines: 308
Message-ID: <792167165.MC5810@mclink.it>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ax433.mclink.it


Dear Colleagues,

We are two researchers from the National Institute of Agricultural
Economics in Rome (Guido Bonati) and the University of Trento, Italy 
(Carl Uhrik). We have been involved in software classification and
in adoption of software by farmers and extension agents (G. Bonati)
and expert system development (Carl Uhrik).

We are interested in investigating the main features of expert systems
development and their adoption (or non-adoption) by farmers and extension
agents. We are sending you therefore, with the following message, a
questionnaire on these topics. We are asking for 10-15 minutes of your
time
to reply to all the questions. Since the questions are numbered, the
quickest
way  to  reply  is  writing an e-mail with question numbers followed by
the an-
swer.

Replies may be sent to Guido Bonati (mc5810-mclink.it).

As an incentive and a reward for your help and cooperation, we shall send
to all respondents a copy of Farmsoft 1994 (2nd edition of the
international
catalogue for agricultural software), prepared by a team of experts from
8 countries (mainly European), containing a description of the best
computer
programs for agriculture.

                                               Sincerely Yours,

                                               Guido Bonati and Carl Uhrik


Guido Bonati
Istituto Nazionale di Economia Agraria
Via Barberini 36
Roma - Italy
Ph.: ++39 6 4870793
Fax: ++39 6 483488
e-mail: mc5810@mclink.it

Carl Uhrik
Universita' degli Studi di Trento
Laboratorio di Ingegneria Informatica
Via Fortunato Zeni 8
Rovereto (Trento) - Italy 
Ph.: ++39 464 443140
Fax: ++39 464 443141
e-mail: carl@lii.unitn.it


-----------------------------------------------------------------------

> Questionnaire

1.  Name of the expert system: ______________________________________

2 a. What type of activity is your system intended for?

     1 PRODUCTION

     2 SERVICES

     3 OTHER (please specify) __________________


2 b. What range of activities does the system address?

 If the system is intended for PRODUCTION activities, answer as follows:

     A FARMS

     B PRODUCER COOPERATIVES

     C INPUT INDUSTRIES

     D PROCESSING INDUSTRIES

 If your system is intended for SERVICES activities, answer as follows:

     A ADVISORY SERVICES

     B AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPEMENT ACTIVITIES

     C TECHNICAL AND MANAGEMENT SUPPORT

2 c. What specific sector does your system address?
 
 For FARM PRODUCTION or ADVISORY SERVICES, please answer as follows:
 
 00 in general                           51 plant production in general
                                         52 arable crops
 01 animal production in general         53 vegetable growing
 02 animal production dairy cattle       54 flowers growing
 03 animal production beef cattle        55 arboriculture in general
 04 animal production pigs               56 arboriculture fruit production
 05 animal production sheeps & goats     57 arboriculture viticulture &
olive
 06 animal production buffaloes          58 greenhouses
 07 animal production poultry and rabbit 59 foil cultivation
 08 animal production others             60 timber trees in general
                                         61 forestry
                                         63 plant production others
 
 For INPUT INDUSTRIES, please answer as follows:
 
 00 in general
 01 animal feed sector
 02 nursery sector
 03 contractor and machinery cooperatives
 
 For AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES SERVICES, please answer as
follows:
 
 00 in general
 01 advisory service organization
 02 agricultural research
 03 extension
 04 education and vocation training
 
 For PRODUCER CO-OPERATIVES, PROCESSING INDUSTRIES, TECHNICAL AND
MANAGEMENT
 SUPPORT SERVICES and OTHER,

              please specify sector: _________________
 

2 d. What general function does the system perform?
 
 A book keeping                               N agrometeorology
 B staff management                           O irrigation
 C machinery management                       P delivery management
 D farm planning                              Q marketing management
 E management of cultures & activities        R project development
 F husbandry management                       S laboratory management
 G livestock feeding                          T law
 H feed preparation & automatic distribution  U farmer union management
 I plant monitoring and automation            V research project
management
 J farm management analysis                   W fiscal drag
 K land use                                   X environmental conservation
 L soil dressing                              y energy analysis
 M plant protection & weed control            Z others

3. Goal of the ES:

4. Description of the agricultural features/problems dealt with by the ES

5. Composition of the ES development team:

                                            How many ? ( 0 if none )

   a) extension agent                        __________ 

   b) knowledge engineer                     __________

   c) software developer                     __________  

   d) agricultural economist                 __________  

   e) researcher                             __________  

   f) university professor                   __________ 

   g) others (specify _____________________) __________

6. Time required for development
                                        Years       Months

   a) identification                  __________   __________

   b) conceptualization               __________   __________

   c) formalization                   __________   __________

   d) implementation                  __________   __________

   e) testing                         __________   __________

7. Hardware platform used for:

   a) development ___________________________________________________

   b) testing     ___________________________________________________

8. Software tools used

  a) shells               _________________________________________

  b) programming language _________________________________________

  c) induction algorithms _________________________________________

  d) databased            _________________________________________

  e) GUI                  _________________________________________

  f)  other tools         _________________________________________

9. Complexity of the system
 
     Source Code (number of lines of procedural code or scripts):


     Knowledge Base (number of rules, decision tree nodes, database
     entries, or otherwise - please specify number and units): 

10. User interface and/or system environment

  a) natural language     _________________________________________

  b) character-based      _________________________________________

  c) menu-driven          _________________________________________

  d) GUI                  _________________________________________

  e) on-line help         _________________________________________
      
      i) Access to summaries of keys, menu-options, commands, etc.? _____

      ii)  Optional explanations regarding the meaning of terminology
used?
                                                                     _____

      iii) HYPERTEXT ? ____________

      iv) Ability to view knowledge base ? _______

      v) Ability to view/explain reasoning chain? ______

      vi) Other (please specify)? ________________________________

11. Intended user:
  
  a) farmer                _______

  b) extension             _______

  c) student               _______

  d) farmers' organization _______

  e) researcher            _______

  f) other (please specify)_______________________________________

12. Acceptance by the user:

   a) low                _______

   b) moderate           _______

   c) high               _______

13. Number of users:

   a) < = 5       _______

   b) 6 - 10      _______

   c) 10 - 50     _______

   d) 50 - 500    _______

   e) > 500       _______

14. Promotional efforts:

   a) meetings;

   b) mailings;

   c) involvement of extension;

   d) articles in technical magazines;

   e) articles in scientific reviews;

   f) involvement of private companies.

15. Cost for distribution:

  a) free

  b) fee for runtime; (specify __________)

  c) fee for the ES  (specify __________)

16. Characterization of the system:

  a) success;

  b) partial success;

  c) failure

  Explain why _________________________________________________

  _____________________________________________________________

  _____________________________________________________________

  _____________________________________________________________

  _____________________________________________________________


From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Fri Feb 10 22:25:56 EST 1995
Article: 1278 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news2.near.net!news.mathworks.com!uunet!news.uiowa.edu!blue.weeg.uiowa.edu!drone.weeg.uiowa.edu!terry-dahms
From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Nov. 1994 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
Date: Thu, 9 Feb 1995 16:21:13
Organization: Weeg Computing Center
Lines: 442
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <terry-dahms.8.00105B04@uiowa.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: drone.weeg.uiowa.edu
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                  THE BUZZ                     NOVEMBER, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       STATE APIARIST REPORT
            Don't  miss  the annual meeting of the Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Association  in Marshalltown November 11 and 12th.   Its the  best
       beekeepers  meeting all year long.   Send in the  pre-registration
       form on page 7 soon for the early bird discount.  USDA's Dr.  Bill
       Wilson,  University  of  Minnesota's  Gary  Reuter,  American  Bee
       Journal  Editor Joe Graham and other speakers will be  well  worth
       the time and expense of attending the meeting.
            Remember  that  the business meeting will be held  on  Friday
       afternoon.  Come prepared to vote for the beekeepers who will best
       represent  beekeeping  in your area and the state as  a  whole  as
       officers   and  on  the  board  of  directors.    This   is   your
       organization, so be a participant.  This is your best opportunity.
            The inspection season has pretty much come to an end for this
       year.  The big news has been a better honey crop and colony losses
       this  fall due to the Varroa mite.   Come hear the details at  the
       annual meeting.
            State  Fair was really a success this summer.   John  Johnson
       will give us all the figures at the business meeting.   If you  do
       not  help  at the State Fair honey booth you miss out on  a  great
       experience and way to promote our products and beekeeping.
            The phone calls coming into the office concerning those pesky
       "bees"  (really yellowjacket wasps) have finally slowed  down.   I
       hope  a lot of them die over the winter.   The wasps really put  a
       cramp  on people's life style this summer and fall,  plus  costing
       homeowners a great deal to exterminate.
            You  should  be  finished with feeding  colonies  this  fall. 
       Colonies  should have Apistan strips in them.   The colonies  need
       exposure  to the miticide during this broodless period  to  reduce
       the  Varroa  mite  population significantly.  The  new  label  for
       Apistan  calls  for a longer treatment period  (6-8  weeks).   All
       colonies  should  be  given Terramycin in  dust  or  grease  patty
       formulation this fall.  
            Colonies  should  be physically protected from the  wind  and
       cold.   Some beekeepers use tarpaper wraps,  corrugated  cardboard
       covers,  special  hive blankets or your own invention  to  protect
       hive from the elements.   Also important is the placement of hives
       out  of  the  wind and in the sun.   To  complete  preparing  your
       colonies for winter,  put in an entrance reducer to keep out  mice
       and put a 1-inch thick styrofoam insulation board under the cover.
       SENATOR BROWN'S OWN SUBSIDY 
            There  is no doubt a great deal of chortling under  way  this
       week  in some of the nation's rice paddies,  cow pastures,  cotton
       fields and perhaps especially its honey farms.   The laughter  can
       be summoned with one word:  Brown.  As in Senator Hank Brown,  who
       has  admitted  to accepting federal money not to  plant  crops  on
       farmland he owned in Colorado -- while simultaneously demanding an
       end to other agricultural subsidies.
            Honey producers may be in greatest danger of splitting  their
       sides as they recall some of the senator's pronouncements on their
       particular subsidy,  now deceased.   "Shall we be taxed to pay for
       honey  subsidies?"   The  senator once wondered  aloud,  in  tones
       reminiscent of colonist's blasts against King George.
            Then ...:  "Bees will retain their interest in honey  whether
       we have a federal program or not."
            Sweet sentiments,  though now the senator is in for a bit  of
       stinging.   News stories reveal Brown and his wife have accepted a
       total  of  $32,158 after agreeing not to plant crops  on  some  of
       their Colorado properties.   To make the revelations even  richer,
       it  happens  that  the program the Browns took  advantage  of  was
       supported by Brown during his days as a representative.   None  of
       this,  we should point out,  is in violation of any rule,  but  it
       does  have a barnyard odor about it.  (taken from  "The  Minnesota
       Beekeeper,  Summer 1994":  "Synopsis from the Rocky Mountain News,
       March 15 Editorials")

       YOUR NEIGHBOR BEEKEEPER (excerpted from  Dallas County News 9/94)
            ADEL--Honeybees  have  fascinated  Weiser for 73  of  his  83
       years.   Stanley Weiser is a walking, talking encyclopedia when it
       comes to understanding honeybees.
            He should be.   After all,  beekeeping has been his hobby for
       73  of  his 83 years on this earth,  and his dedication  has  been
       enough  to  earn  him the top blue ribbon four  years  running  in
       beekeeping competition at the Iowa State Fair.
            He  was  a 10-year old lad in Grimes  when  his  grandfather,
       Charles Weiser,  gave him his first swarm of bees.   "As a  little
       energetic kid,  I was helping him take off some honey and  Grandad
       saw the interest I had, even though I knew nothing about bees.  He
       said,  'Would I like a swarm?'  and he gave me my first  swarm  of
       bees."
            Weiser said his grandfather warned him that "beekeeping is  a
       very  technical business."   "You don't just keep bees,  you  take
       care  of  them  or you don't get  anything,"  Weiser  recalls  his
       grandfather  saying.   He made an appointment with a  professional
       beekeeper in Grimes,  learned the technical aspects and put all of
       his energy into building up his apiary.
            Today,  Weiser has more than 40 swarms.  The nearby  Wright's
       Orchard "depends on my bees to pollinate," Weiser said.   "Country
       Gardens is also using, without realizing it, the pollination of my
       millions  of bees."   He had the best honey crop since  1988  this
       year which was welcome after last year's total disaster.  
            Weiser sells his honey at several locations throughout Dallas
       County, and starts each day with a biscuit drenched in honey. 
       BEATING BEET SUGAR IN HONEY (National Honey Board article)
            The  financial  drain of economic adulteration  in  the  food
       industry  is substantial -- adulterated products  depress  prices. 
       Detecting  inexpensive  sweeteners  in  honey  is  difficult   but
       worthwhile.
            Thanks to work conducted previously by Dr. Jonathan White and
       others,  the honey industry already had the ability to detect cane
       and corn syrups added to honey.  The honey industry was,  however,
       unable  to detect the presence of sweeteners from  other  sources,
       such as beets.
            In  1991,  the honey industry coordinated efforts and  raised
       money  to fund a research project to detect beet syrup  and  other
       commercial inexpensive sweeteners in honey.   Funds were  provided
       by members of the National Honey Packers and Dealers  Association,
       the  American Beekeeping Federation and Sioux  Honey  Association. 
       Dr.   Jill  Snowdon,  the  Honey  Board's  scientific  consultant,
       supervised  the  research  project,  which was  conducted  by  Dr.
       Nicholas Low.   As a result of Dr.  Low's work,  six out of  seven
       known inexpensive sweeteners can now be detected in honey.
            The following is a true story of how one member of the  honey
       industry used the testing method developed by Dr.  Low along  with
       other  detection  technology  to identify honey  diluted  with  an
       inexpensive sweetener.
            A honey seller and a honey buyer agreed to certain purchasing
       specifications.   Those specifications included the need  for  the
       honey  to  have  a  fructose to  glucose  ratio  greater  than  1. 
       (Fructose  to glucose ratios for pure honey are generally  greater
       than 1.)  When the buyer received the load of honey, the honey was
       tested and found to have fructose to glucose ratios of 0.94,  0.95
       and 0.96.
            Per  the agreement,  the buyer exercised his right to  reject
       this seller's honey.   Since the test results were so close to  1,
       and  because  some  pure  honey has  a  lower  ratio,  the  seller
       suggested that the honey be submitted for further testing.
            The  honey  was submitted for a SIRA test for cane  and  corn
       syrup.   SIRA for the honey was -23.9 and the SIRA on the  protein
       fraction was -24.1.   As these two numbers are less than one  unit
       apart,  the honey was judged to be free of corn syrup.  Next,  the
       honey  was  tested using Dr.  Low's capillary  gas  chromatography
       technique.   The  results indicated the presence of  invert  sugar
       (probably  from  beets) at a level of about 15  percent.   Without
       using  the  capillary gas chromatography technique,  this  diluted
       honey would have passed as pure honey.
            Since  the buyer did not want to compete against  honey  that
       was  rejected,  he obtained a guarantee from the seller  that  the
       product  not  be sold in the United States as  pure  honey.   This
       issue  was  settled without the involvement of the U.S.  Food  and
       Drug  Administration based on the buyer's opinion that the  seller
       was operating in good faith.

       NOTICE: New American Bee Journal subscription rate as of Oct. 1.
            1 year  ($16.95) Assn. member rate $12.70
            2 years ($31.40) Assn. member rate $23.55
                   HONEY-BAKED BEANS (Midwest Living recipe)
       2    16- or 21-oz cans baked beans  2 tablespoons honey
       3/4  cup barbecue sauce             3/4 teaspoon paprika
       2    tablespoons chopped onion      3/4 teaspoon dry mustard
       3    cooked bacon slices, crumbled

                                HONEY OF A VERSE

             No shade, no shine, no butterflies, no bees,
             No fruits, no flowers, no leaves, no birds, -- November!
                             by Thomas Hood


                            CENTRAL IOWA BEEKEEPERS
                        Meeting at Royal Cafe in Huxley
                            Saturday, December 10th 
                             5:30 meal 6:30 program
                                        



































       128TH STATE HORTICULTURAL MEETING
            Past-president  Paul  Goossen represented IHPA  at  the  Iowa
       State  Horticultural  Society  Annual  Awards  Meeting  in   Pella
       September  10th.   The meeting was preceeded by tours  of  Pella's
       Historical Village,  the Vermeer Apple Orchard,  and Pella Nursery
       and Greenhouse.  About 100 horticulture enthusiasts enjoyed a noon
       meal and the annual awards and business meeting at the Pella Opera
       House.   The  day  provided several oportunities  to  explain  the
       importance  of bee pollination in fruit and  vegetable  production
       with growers attending the meeting.

       HONEY DAYS AT THE DES MOINES BOTANICAL CENTER
            The  Iowa Honey Producers Association sponsored "Honey  Days"
       October 29-30 at the Des Moines Botanical Center.   Visitors  were
       treated  to  a free piece of honey candy,  honey  recipes,  and  a
       chance  to view the inside workings of a beehive  without  getting
       stung.   The loveable "Buzzy Bear"  mascot was there for the  kids
       along with the Amana Colony Honey Queen, Melinda Okerberg.   Honey
       bears,  jars  of  honey and honey  cookbooks  were  available  for
       purchase.  The Des Moines Botanical Center is open 10 - 5 daily.

                 1994 MINNESOTA STATE FAIR AWARD-WINNING RECIPE
                                   Jan Olson

                             Honey Glazed Snack Mix

       4     cups Rice or Corn Chex cereal (or Crispix)
       1 1/2 cups miniature Pretzels (mini-bites)
       1     cup pecan halves
       1/3   cup butter or margarine
       1/4   cup honey

       In large mixing bowl, combine dry ingredients.  Melt the butter in
       small  saucepan,  stir  in honey and boil  well.   Pour  over  the
       mixture and stir to coat evenly.  Spread in a jelly roll pan (or 2
       9x13  pans).   Bake  at 350 degrees for  12-15  minutes  or  until
       lightly glazed, stirring occasionally.  Cool slightly.   Spread on
       wax paper to cool completely.  Break into chunks.

       PUSH "Promote United States Honey"
            At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  American  Honey  Producers
       Association  (AHPA) January 1994 in Tuscon a new slogan was  born: 
       "Promote United States Honey"  (PUSH) according to the April  AHPA
       magazine.   "It  is  time to push for  PUSH,"  according  to  AHPA
       president Richard Adee.  "We U.S. beekeepers are the best,  and we
       produce our honey under the worst working conditions in the world"
       Adee went on to say.
            The  AHPA executive committee voted to  increase  beekeepers'
       awareness  of  the  PUSH  program  at  their  July  meeting.   The
       committee  seeks the attention of every beekeeping association  in
       the country,  so that beekeepers may be made aware of the need for
       promotion  of  honey  from the United States.   Dick  Blake,  AHPA
       executive  committee member from Iowa,  said "Many beekeepers  are
       unaware  of  the  PUSH  program and  need  to  promote  their  own
       products."   The program is designed ultimately to increase  sales
       of American honey.

       FOR  SALE:   350 pounds of '94 crop honey in 5 gallon  containers. 
       Contact Rick Boyer, Rt. 1, Stanton, IA 51573 (712) 829-2144.
                                        
                                 HONEY GRANOLA

       4    cups old-fashioned rolled oats
       2    cups coarsely chopped nuts
       1    cup golden raisins
       3/4  cup honey
       1/2  cup butter or margarine
       2    teaspoons ground cinnamon
       1    teaspoon vanilla
            Dash salt

       Combine oats,  nuts and raisins in large mixing bowl; mix well and
       set aside.  Combine honey,  butter, cinnamon,  vanilla and salt in
       saucepan;  bring to boil and cook one minute.  Pour honey  mixture
       over  oat mixture and toss until well blended.  Spread in  lightly
       greased  cookie  sheet.  Bake at 350 degrees 20 minutes  or  until
       lightly browned;  stir every 5 minutes. Cool. Crumble and store in
       airtight container up to 2 weeks. Makes 8 cups. (NHB recipe)
                                        
                                  PUMPKIN PIE

       3/4  cup honey                  1 1/2  cup water
       3/4  cup powdered milk          1 1/2  cup cooked pumpkin
       1/2  teaspoon salt              2      eggs, beaten
       1/2  teaspoon cinnamon          2      tablespoons melted butter
       1/2  teaspoon mace              1/2    teaspoon ginger
       1/4  teaspoon cloves            1      9" unbaked pie shell

       Mix  dry  ingredients  well to prevent  streaking.  Add  remaining
       ingredients.  Blend  thoroughly.  Pour into  pie  shell.  Bake  15
       minutes  at 425 degrees in preheated oven.  Reduce to 350  degrees
       and bake 40 minutes longer. (from Honey Recipes by Gordon Rudloff,
       State Apiculturist, Reynoldsburg, Ohio)

       DARK CHOCOLATE FUDGE

       1    14 oz. can sweetened and condensed milk
       2    12 oz. bags semisweet chocolate chips
       1/3  cup Sue Bee Honey
       1    teaspoon vanilla
       1/2  cup chopped walnuts

       Spray  9x9x2 inch baking dish with no-stick coating.  Melt  chips,
       sweetened  and condensed milk and Sue Bee Honey over medium  heat.
       Remove from stove and stir in vanilla and nuts.  Cool and cut into
       squares. Store in a cool place. (from The Sue Bee Honey Cook Book)
                      IOWA HONEY PRODUCERS ANNUAL MEETING
                            NOVEMBER 11 AND 12, 1994
                                  Regency Inn
                             U.S. 30 & Iowa Hwy. 14
                               Marshalltown, Iowa
                           Motel Phone (515) 752-6321

               PRE-REGISTRATION FORM (must be mailed by Nov. 5th)

       Name: ______________________________________________________________

       Company Name: ______________________________________________________

       Address:______________________________City: ________________________

       State: ___________ Zip: ________-_______ Phone: (    ) _____________

       No. of Colonies:_____ Years Beekeeping:______ Year joined IHPA:_____

       Individual Member ($10 at the door)      $ 8.00        $____________
       Family Rate ($20 at the door)            $15.00        $____________
       Non-member                               $15.00        $____________

       Membership dues                            5.00        $____________
       (Membership required to vote at business meeting.)

       Banquet Friday night 7:00 p.m.           $12.00 each   $____________
                                                              =============
                                                TOTAL          ____________
       --------------------------------------------------------------------
       Make check payable to:  Iowa Honey Producers Association.
       Send form and check to: J. Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer
                               4012 54th St.  Des Moines, IA 50310

                                TENTATIVE SCHEDULE

       FRIDAY, November 11
        8:00 a.m. Short Board of Directors Meeting

        8:15 a.m. Registration - $10 for members and $20 family rate

        8:45 a.m. President's Welcome                         Leroy Kellogg
                  Honey Cooking Contest

        9:00 a.m. Beekeeping in Agriculture                    Dale Cochran
                                              Iowa Secretary of Agriculture

        9:30 a.m. State Apiarist Report                             Bob Cox

       10:15 a.m. BREAK (Door prizes following)

       10:45 a.m. What's new in mite control          Dr. William T. Wilson

       11:45 a.m. LUNCH (on your own)

        1:00 p.m. Comb Honey Production                        John Johnson

        1:45 p.m. BUSINESS MEETING (Election of Officers)

        3:00 p.m. Bee Research at the Univ. of Minnesota        Gary Reuter

        4:00 p.m. Local Assn. & Area Crop Reports        Local Associations

        5:00 p.m. Adjourn --visit vendors

        7:00 p.m. BANQUET $12.00

                1. Blessing on Food: Paul Goossen

                2. Introduction of new officers - Leroy Kellogg

                3. State Fair Awards - Bob Cox

                4. Cooking Contest Results - Leroy Kellogg

                5.  Guest Speaker:   Bill Wilson - "30 years of day dreaming
                and other  happenings"

       Banquet Menu (served to you at your table):
                      Tossed Salad with Honey House Dressing 
        Honey-Glazed Ham Steak with Pineapple ring, raisin sauce and cherry
                             AuGratin Cheese Potatoes
                             Broccoli and Cauliflower
                               Hot Roll with Butter
                    Dutch Apple Pie topped with Honey Ice Cream
                                Coffee, Tea or Milk

       SATURDAY, November 12

        8:00 a.m. Visit Vendors

        9:00 a.m. Niche Marketing of Honey                  Sherry Jennings
                                                       National Honey Board
       10:00 a.m. BREAK

       10:15 a.m. American Bee Journal                           Joe Graham

       11:00 a.m. Beekeeping Gadgets & Gizmos                   Gary Reuter

       12:00 noon LUNCH (on your own)
        
        1:00 p.m. Beeswax Art                            Laverne Greenfield

        2:00 p.m. Pollination of Iowa Crops                    Paul Goossen

        3:00 p.m. Adjourn

                    DARK CHOCOLATE FUDGE

       1    14 oz. can sweetened and condensed milk
       2    12 oz. bags semisweet chocolate chips
       1/3  cup Sue Bee Honey
       1    teaspoon vanilla
       1/2  cup chopped walnuts

       Spray  9x9x2 inch baking dish with  no-stick  coating.
       Melt chips,  sweetened and condensed milk and Sue  Bee
       Honey over medium heat.  Remove from stove and stir in
       vanilla and nuts. Cool and cut into squares.  Store in
       a cool place. (from The Sue Bee Honey Cook Book)
                                        


From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Fri Feb 10 22:25:57 EST 1995
Article: 1279 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!news.uiowa.edu!blue.weeg.uiowa.edu!drone.weeg.uiowa.edu!terry-dahms
From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Oct. 94 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
Date: Thu, 9 Feb 1995 16:26:25
Organization: Weeg Computing Center
Lines: 374
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <terry-dahms.9.00107135@uiowa.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: drone.weeg.uiowa.edu
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                   THE BUZZ                     OCTOBER, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       STATE APIARIST REPORT
          I hope you have had a satisfactory honey crop this summer.   As
       a rule the southern part of the state was better than the northern
       part  this  year.   Additionally,  this year's crop  is  generally
       better than last year's.
          It's  time to think about getting colonies put away for  winter
       and  attending  the  annual meeting of the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assoc.   Although  it  is  a busy  time  of  year,  getting  honey
       extracted and bottled,  do not neglect the bees or making plans to
       attend the annual meeting in Marshalltown November 11-12.
          As  you  prepare  hives for winter, be sure to  treat  for  the
       Varroa mite.   When out inspecting I am seeing increasing  numbers
       of colonies dying from Varroa mite infestations.   It appears that
       the Varroa is a vector for brood diseases.   I saw one  beekeeping
       outfit  that had a high Varroa mite level and  European  foulbrood
       symtoms,  while another beekeeper whose bees were heavily infested
       with Varroa had no EFB but a lot of Sacbrood disease.
          I  have included an article on Formic Acid treatment for mites  on
       page 6.   This material is not registered for use in the U.S.  but  I
       thought it would be interesting to share with you what they are doing
       in Canada.  The author, Kerry Clark, works in the province of British
       Columbia.   There  is an attempt to get EPA approval on  formic  acid
       here in the U.S. in the near future.  It seems that the wheels of EPA
       grind ever so slowly.
          Read  the  article  on  wintering bees  taken  from  Dr.  Basil
       Furgala's  Basic  Management  Manual and written  with  Dr.  Marla
       Spivak on page 3.  It is written for Minnesota winters but Iowa is
       not that different.

       SMOKING BEES by Francis Bowen
          The use of the smoker has an unusual fascination to many outsiders
       and also to some of our own beekeepers,  some of whom do not  realize
       what  they are doing when they perform this necessary function  prior
       to  entering  a  hive.   Smoking bees should be  a  gentle  procedure
       somewhat  akin to working bee frames.  We are not attempting to  burn
       out these bees or trying to incinerate them, which is what it appears
       to  neophyte beekeepers and strangers.   Smoking the bees  interferes
       with  detection of the alarm pheromone (Isopentyl acetate)  by  guard
       bees.   Bees  detect  lowering oxygen levels in the  hive  and  start
       tanking  up (filling their honey crop) with honey in preparation  for
       absconding.  When oxygen levels rise to normal, they relax and revert
       to other normal activities.
          A  hive which proves to be testy (defensive) may be calmed by  the
       introduction  of  a  small piece of empty comb  into  the  combustion
       chamber  of  the smoker.   A exceptionally defensive  colony  may  be
       placed  under  submission  by the introduction  of  some  nitrogenous
       fertilizer  into the combustion chamber of the smoker.   This  action
       creates  nitrous  oxide  (laughing gas) and care  must  be  exercised
       because  excessive doses will render bees unconscious or  even  dead. 
       Beekeepers  should  avoid inhaling these fumes  to  prevent  becoming
       hysterical while working bees.
          Some  of  the materials useful for fueling the smoker  are  listed
       below:
          * Corn Cobs(chopped)
          * Burlap (washed to remove pesticides used on some products)
          * Baler twine (natural, NOT plastic) washed or weathered to remove
          pesticides
          *  Long leaf pine needles (my favorite - I love the odor  when  it
          blows back at me.)
          *  Oil  filter  cartridge (insides of used filters  -  cool  white
          smoke) dried.
          * Fine wood chips
          * Small twigs
          * Dry rotten wood
          * Any old rags (except WOOL, which gives off toxic fumes)
          * Dry tree leaves
          * Untreated Straw
          * Uncolored paper (rolled)
          * Sumac bobs (Bobs and pine needles will cause buildup of creosote
          in smoker)
          * Mushrooms dried (Puffball mushrooms have a hallucinogenic effect
          on bees.)
          *  Corrugated  cardboard (Medium sized  openings  between  layers)
          rolled tight and bound with string or tape.

          After smoker has been started and burning briskly, lay smoker onto
       its side to quench flames (if left too long in this position it  will
       go out.)  However,  before transporting in a vehicle, place a cork in
       the  end  of the smoker to be sure it is extinguished.   It  is  very
       embarrassing  to be pulled over by a police car and be informed  that
       you  are  on  fire (usually only some smoke from  a  hard  to  quench
       smoker).   The ideal is to have a metal container to place the smoker
       inside  to  prevent a possible fire from an excessively  hot  smoker,
       while you are driving home.
       (Taken from the October 1993 Connecticut Honey Bee)

                              BE CAREFUL WITH FIRE

          The tongue is a little member and boasts great things.  See how
       great  a forest a little fire kindles!   The tongue is a  fire,  a
       world of iniquity.   The tongue is  so set among our members  that
       it defiles the whole body,  and sets on fire the course of  nature
       and it is set on fire by hell. (James 3:5-6)
       WINTERING BEES IN MINNESOTA - Dr. Marla Spivak
       September
       1.    In  early  September,  following the honey  harvest,  select
       colonies  to  be wintered.   The colonies to  be  wintered  should
       consist  of  three deep hive bodies (2 to 2 1/2  in  Iowa).   Each
       colony must have a large adult bee population (cover 10-15 frames)
       and  have a young productive queen of European origin.   (This  is
       one  of Dr.  Furgala's Four Principles of Productive  Beekeeping.) 
       Position the entrance reducer using the 1/4"  x 3"  opening facing
       the bottom hive body.
       2.    In early September, inspect each colony.   Determine whether
       there  are adequate food reserves (another Principle) for  winter. 
       75-90  lbs.  of honey are required and 3-5 frames  of  pollen  are
       desirable (gross hive weight of 180-200 lbs.)
       3.    Determine  whether  the winter honey reserves  are  properly
       located  within  the three deep hive bodies.   The top  hive  body
       should  have  approximately 45 lbs. of honey distributed  so  that
       seven outside frames are full of honey,  and the two center frames
       have some empty cell s just abvouve their bottom bars to encourage
       cluster movement.  There should be approximately 35 lbs.  of honey
       distributed  toward the outside in the middle hive body and  10-20
       lbs in the bottom hive body.
       4.    It  is  often  difficult  to  determine  whether  there  are
       adequate  pollen  reserves because pollen is  often  stored  under
       honey.   An insufficient amount of pollen is remedied  by  feeding
       pollen  substitute  and/or  supplement in late  winter  and  early
       spring. 
       5.    When   preparing   colonies   for    winter,   avoid   using
       light-colored combs,  especially in the top hive body.   This will
       not be a problem if the hive bodies are reversed at the  beginning
       of the major nectar flow.
       October
       6.    Before  mid-October  feed a minimum of two  gallons  of  2:1
       sugar  syryp containing Fumadil-B to ensure that  colonies  remain
       disease free (a 3rd Principle) during winter.   Extra  unmedicated
       syrup  may  also be necessary if colonies contain  less  than  the
       optimal food reserves.
       7.    If  the  bees were not treated for  Varroa  and/or  tracheal
       mites in the spring, they should be treated now,  using registered
       treatments  (Apistan  strips  for Varroa  mites  and  menthol  for
       tracheal mites.   Recent research indicates that extender "grease"
       patties  with  terramycin  are  also  effective  against  tracheal
       mites.)   Provide  the  menthol  as  early  as  possible  to  take
       advantage of the warmer weather earlier in the season.
       November
       8.    Approximately November 1 plug the auger holes in the  bottom
       two supers with corks or masking tape,  but leave the hole in  the
       top super open for ventilation and as an emergency exit.
       9.    Remove the telescoping outer cover.  Place an insulite board
       over  the  inner cover.   This acts as  a  moisture-releaser  that
       allows  moisture to escape from the hive during winter.   It  also
       provides for a dead-air space on top of the colony.

       10.   Place  a  commercial winter carton over the  hive.  A  black
       carton  made of cardboard or plastic is sufficient and  effective. 
       Replace  the telescoping outer cover and secure with a rock.   The
       outer cover should not "telescope" over the winter carton.   Cut a
       hole in the winter carton that is aligned with the upper entrance.
       11.   It is desirable to have a dead-air space under the hive such
       as that provided by a commercial hive stand.
       12.   If a good apiary site was chosen, protection from prevailing
       winds,  good  air  drainage and full  sunlight  will  help  ensure
       successful wintering.
       13.   All  colonies  not selected for wintering should  be  killed
       when  fall  brood  rearing has stopped  (approx.  Nov.  1).   This
       equipment  should  be inspected, repaired,  cleaned  and  properly
       stored.
          Many  people are amazed that bees can winter well in  Minnesota
       with  only a thin black cardboard covering as  "insulation."   Dr.
       Furgala  did quite a lot of research on wintering and  found  that
       heavy  wrapping  with  straw and tarpaper  did  not  significantly
       improve  wintering success.   If the bees are kept in  three  deep
       hive bodies with 75-90 lbs. of honey stores and a young queen, are
       provided  an upper entrance and an insulite board to  help  reduce
       moisture build-up,  are located in a good apiary site and  treated
       for diseases and mites,  they will make it through winter in  fine
       style.


       WANTED:  40-gal. s/s clarifying
       tank (w/water-jacket) 
       Call Phil Ebert in Lynnville at
       (515) 527-2639.


       FOR SALE:   Hive wraps:   Black
       plastic box covers $5 @,  black
       waxed cardboard covers $3.50 @,
       and   manila  waxed   cardboard
       covers $1 @.
       Call Kenny Loeb (319)  827-1481
       after  7:00 p.m. 434 87th  St.,
       Jesup, IA 50648.



       HONEY COOKING CONTEST
            Once  again  this  year we will hold a  "Cooking  with  Honey"
       Contest  at our Annual Meeting.   Enter your favorite dish  in  the
       following  categories:   drinks,  desserts,  main  dishes,  salads,
       cookies and snacks.
            Please  provide  a copy of the recipe and your name  for  each
       item entered on a 3x5"  or 4x6" index card.   These cards should be
       turned into the judges by 9:00 a.m.  Friday November 11th.   Please
       type or print clearly so others can understand how you made such  a
       delicious food item.
       ANNUAL MEETING SET FOR NOVEMBER 11 AND 12
          Pre-register for the Annual Meeting of the Iowa Honey Producers
       Association  IHPA  and save a couple of bucks this year.   We  are
       offering  an early bird rate of $8.00 for individual  members  and
       $15.00  for  the whole family if registration form  and  check  is
       mailed by October 31st.
          See the pre-registration form and tentative schedule on pages 7
       and 8.  You will not want to miss this meeting.  Come and you will
       get the "buzz" on the latest beekeeping information and news. 
          Note that we are meeting at the Regency Inn in Marshalltown the
       second  weekend of November.   Additionally,  the annual  business
       meeting will be conducted on Friday afternoon (November 11th)  for
       a change.
          This year the banquet will be served "sit-down" style,  instead
       of  being  herded through a line,  in dormitory  cafeteria  style. 
       Many  of  the  dishes will contain honey.  Dr.  Bill  Wilson  will
       entertain   us  with  interesting  stories  from  his   years   of
       experience.
          IHPA  has  reserved  a block of 25 rooms with  two  beds  until
       October  15th.   Rates are $50 for a single and $57 for a  double. 
       If  you  want  a one-bed room,  you will have to  ask.   Call  the
       Regency Inn to make room reservations at (515) 752-6321.


       PACKERS AND DEALERS LAUNCH HONEY QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM
          The  National Honey Packers and Dealers Association has  formed
       the  Honey  Quality  Assurance Task Force  to  insure  that  every
       container  of honey sold in the U.S.  is 100 percent  pure  honey,
       whether  the  honey is domestic, imported or  blended.   The  task
       force  will oversee the development of a honey  quality  assurance
       program  and  establish  procedures for obtaining  funds  for  its
       support. 
          The NHPDA has allocated $20,000 to launch the quality assurance
       program.   Funds  to  support the program will  be  obtained  from
       members of the NHPDA as well as from non-member honey packers on a
       voluntary  basis.   Beginning  in  1995, the  40  members  of  the
       association  will  be assessed five cents per  hundred  weight  on
       honey  sold during the previous calendar year.   The total  budget
       for the initial program is expected to be $70,000.
          Funds  will  be used to develop standards  for  honey,  specify
       testing methods for honey,  monitor honey sold in the U.S.  market
       and  set  enforcement  procedures.  The  honey  quality  assurance
       program will be fair and equitable.
          The  Honey  Quality Assurance Task Force  members  include  the
       NHPDA  Executive  Committee and representatives  of  the  national
       beekeeping associations,  Sioux Honey Association and the National
       Honey  Board.   The next meeting of the task force  will  coincide
       with  the California State Beekeepers Association meeting on  Nov.
       18 in Tahoe, California. For more information on the honey quality
       assurance program, please contact Dick Sullivan at the NHPDA,
       (908) 583-8188.


                      IOWA HONEY PRODUCERS ANNUAL MEETING
                            NOVEMBER 11 AND 12, 1994
                                  Regency Inn
                             U.S. 30 & Iowa Hwy. 14
                               Marshalltown, Iowa
                           Motel Phone (515) 752-6321

                             PRE-REGISTRATION FORM

       Name: ______________________________________________________________

       Company Name: ______________________________________________________

       Address:______________________________City: ________________________

       State: ___________ Zip: ________-_______ Phone: (    ) _____________

       No. of Colonies:_____ Years Beekeeping:______ Year joined IHPA:_____

       Individual Member ($10 at the door)      $ 8.00        $____________
       Family Rate ($20 at the door)            $15.00        $____________
       Non-member                               $15.00        $____________

       Membership dues                            5.00        $____________
       (Membership required to vote at business meeting.)

       Banquet Friday night 7:00 p.m.           $12.00 each   $____________
                                                              =============
                                                TOTAL          ____________
       --------------------------------------------------------------------
       Make check payable to:  Iowa Honey Producers Association.
       Send form and check to: J. Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer
                               4012 54th St.  Des Moines, IA 50310

                                TENTATIVE SCHEDULE

       FRIDAY, November 11

        8:00 a.m. Registration - $10 for members and $20 family rate

        8:45 a.m. President's Welcome                         Leroy Kellogg
                  Honey Cooking Contest

        9:00 a.m. Beekeeping in Agriculture                    Dale Cochran
                                              Iowa Secretary of Agriculture

        9:30 a.m. State Apiarist Report                             Bob Cox

       10:15 a.m. BREAK (Door prizes following)

       10:45 a.m. What's new in mite control          Dr. William T. Wilson

       11:45 a.m. LUNCH (on your own)
        1:00 p.m. Comb Honey Production                        John Johnson

        1:45 p.m. BUSINESS MEETING (Election of Officers)

        3:00 p.m. Bee Research at the Univ. of Minnesota        Gary Reuter

        4:00 p.m. Local Assn. & Area Crop Reports        Local Associations

        5:00 p.m. Adjourn --visit vendors

        7:00 p.m. BANQUET $12.00

                1. Blessing on Food: Paul Goossen

                2. Introduction of new officers - Leroy Kellogg

                3. State Fair Awards - Bob Cox

                4. Cooking Contest Results - Leroy Kellogg

                5. Speaker:  Bill Wilson - "30 years of day dreaming and
                other  happenings"

       Banquet Menu (served to you at your table):
        
                      Tossed Salad with Honey House Dressing 
        Honey-Glazed Ham Steak with Pineapple ring, raisin sauce and cherry
                             AuGratin Cheese Potatoes
                             Broccoli and Cauliflower
                               Hot Roll with Butter
                    Dutch Apple Pie topped with Honey Ice Cream
                                Coffee, Tea or Milk

       SATURDAY, November 12

        8:00 a.m. -Visit Vendors

        9:00 a.m. Niche Marketing of Honey                  Sherry Jennings
                                                       National Honey Board
       10:00 a.m. BREAK

       10:15 a.m. American Bee Journal                           Joe Graham

       11:00 a.m. Beekeeping Gadgets & Gizmos                   Gary Reuter

       12:00 noon LUNCH (on your own)
        
        1:00 p.m. Beeswax Art                            Laverne Greenfield

        2:00 p.m. Pollination of Iowa Crops                    Paul Goossen

        3:00 p.m. Adjourn



From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Fri Feb 10 22:25:58 EST 1995
Article: 1280 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!news.uiowa.edu!blue.weeg.uiowa.edu!drone.weeg.uiowa.edu!terry-dahms
From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Sept. 94 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
Date: Thu, 9 Feb 1995 16:28:37
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Lines: 374
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <terry-dahms.10.00107A91@uiowa.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: drone.weeg.uiowa.edu
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                   THE BUZZ                     OCTOBER, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       STATE APIARIST REPORT
          I hope you have had a satisfactory honey crop this summer.   As
       a rule the southern part of the state was better than the northern
       part  this  year.   Additionally,  this year's crop  is  generally
       better than last year's.
          It's  time to think about getting colonies put away for  winter
       and  attending  the  annual meeting of the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assoc.   Although  it  is  a busy  time  of  year,  getting  honey
       extracted and bottled,  do not neglect the bees or making plans to
       attend the annual meeting in Marshalltown November 11-12.
          As  you  prepare  hives for winter, be sure to  treat  for  the
       Varroa mite.   When out inspecting I am seeing increasing  numbers
       of colonies dying from Varroa mite infestations.   It appears that
       the Varroa is a vector for brood diseases.   I saw one  beekeeping
       outfit  that had a high Varroa mite level and  European  foulbrood
       symtoms,  while another beekeeper whose bees were heavily infested
       with Varroa had no EFB but a lot of Sacbrood disease.
          I  have included an article on Formic Acid treatment for mites  on
       page 6.   This material is not registered for use in the U.S.  but  I
       thought it would be interesting to share with you what they are doing
       in Canada.  The author, Kerry Clark, works in the province of British
       Columbia.   There  is an attempt to get EPA approval on  formic  acid
       here in the U.S. in the near future.  It seems that the wheels of EPA
       grind ever so slowly.
          Read  the  article  on  wintering bees  taken  from  Dr.  Basil
       Furgala's  Basic  Management  Manual and written  with  Dr.  Marla
       Spivak on page 3.  It is written for Minnesota winters but Iowa is
       not that different.

       SMOKING BEES by Francis Bowen
          The use of the smoker has an unusual fascination to many outsiders
       and also to some of our own beekeepers,  some of whom do not  realize
       what  they are doing when they perform this necessary function  prior
       to  entering  a  hive.   Smoking bees should be  a  gentle  procedure
       somewhat  akin to working bee frames.  We are not attempting to  burn
       out these bees or trying to incinerate them, which is what it appears
       to  neophyte beekeepers and strangers.   Smoking the bees  interferes
       with  detection of the alarm pheromone (Isopentyl acetate)  by  guard
       bees.   Bees  detect  lowering oxygen levels in the  hive  and  start
       tanking  up (filling their honey crop) with honey in preparation  for
       absconding.  When oxygen levels rise to normal, they relax and revert
       to other normal activities.
          A  hive which proves to be testy (defensive) may be calmed by  the
       introduction  of  a  small piece of empty comb  into  the  combustion
       chamber  of  the smoker.   A exceptionally defensive  colony  may  be
       placed  under  submission  by the introduction  of  some  nitrogenous
       fertilizer  into the combustion chamber of the smoker.   This  action
       creates  nitrous  oxide  (laughing gas) and care  must  be  exercised
       because  excessive doses will render bees unconscious or  even  dead. 
       Beekeepers  should  avoid inhaling these fumes  to  prevent  becoming
       hysterical while working bees.
          Some  of  the materials useful for fueling the smoker  are  listed
       below:
          * Corn Cobs(chopped)
          * Burlap (washed to remove pesticides used on some products)
          * Baler twine (natural, NOT plastic) washed or weathered to remove
          pesticides
          *  Long leaf pine needles (my favorite - I love the odor  when  it
          blows back at me.)
          *  Oil  filter  cartridge (insides of used filters  -  cool  white
          smoke) dried.
          * Fine wood chips
          * Small twigs
          * Dry rotten wood
          * Any old rags (except WOOL, which gives off toxic fumes)
          * Dry tree leaves
          * Untreated Straw
          * Uncolored paper (rolled)
          * Sumac bobs (Bobs and pine needles will cause buildup of creosote
          in smoker)
          * Mushrooms dried (Puffball mushrooms have a hallucinogenic effect
          on bees.)
          *  Corrugated  cardboard (Medium sized  openings  between  layers)
          rolled tight and bound with string or tape.

          After smoker has been started and burning briskly, lay smoker onto
       its side to quench flames (if left too long in this position it  will
       go out.)  However,  before transporting in a vehicle, place a cork in
       the  end  of the smoker to be sure it is extinguished.   It  is  very
       embarrassing  to be pulled over by a police car and be informed  that
       you  are  on  fire (usually only some smoke from  a  hard  to  quench
       smoker).   The ideal is to have a metal container to place the smoker
       inside  to  prevent a possible fire from an excessively  hot  smoker,
       while you are driving home.
       (Taken from the October 1993 Connecticut Honey Bee)

                              BE CAREFUL WITH FIRE

          The tongue is a little member and boasts great things.  See how
       great  a forest a little fire kindles!   The tongue is a  fire,  a
       world of iniquity.   The tongue is  so set among our members  that
       it defiles the whole body,  and sets on fire the course of  nature
       and it is set on fire by hell. (James 3:5-6)
       WINTERING BEES IN MINNESOTA - Dr. Marla Spivak
       September
       1.    In  early  September,  following the honey  harvest,  select
       colonies  to  be wintered.   The colonies to  be  wintered  should
       consist  of  three deep hive bodies (2 to 2 1/2  in  Iowa).   Each
       colony must have a large adult bee population (cover 10-15 frames)
       and  have a young productive queen of European origin.   (This  is
       one  of Dr.  Furgala's Four Principles of Productive  Beekeeping.) 
       Position the entrance reducer using the 1/4"  x 3"  opening facing
       the bottom hive body.
       2.    In early September, inspect each colony.   Determine whether
       there  are adequate food reserves (another Principle) for  winter. 
       75-90  lbs.  of honey are required and 3-5 frames  of  pollen  are
       desirable (gross hive weight of 180-200 lbs.)
       3.    Determine  whether  the winter honey reserves  are  properly
       located  within  the three deep hive bodies.   The top  hive  body
       should  have  approximately 45 lbs. of honey distributed  so  that
       seven outside frames are full of honey,  and the two center frames
       have some empty cell s just abvouve their bottom bars to encourage
       cluster movement.  There should be approximately 35 lbs.  of honey
       distributed  toward the outside in the middle hive body and  10-20
       lbs in the bottom hive body.
       4.    It  is  often  difficult  to  determine  whether  there  are
       adequate  pollen  reserves because pollen is  often  stored  under
       honey.   An insufficient amount of pollen is remedied  by  feeding
       pollen  substitute  and/or  supplement in late  winter  and  early
       spring. 
       5.    When   preparing   colonies   for    winter,   avoid   using
       light-colored combs,  especially in the top hive body.   This will
       not be a problem if the hive bodies are reversed at the  beginning
       of the major nectar flow.
       October
       6.    Before  mid-October  feed a minimum of two  gallons  of  2:1
       sugar  syryp containing Fumadil-B to ensure that  colonies  remain
       disease free (a 3rd Principle) during winter.   Extra  unmedicated
       syrup  may  also be necessary if colonies contain  less  than  the
       optimal food reserves.
       7.    If  the  bees were not treated for  Varroa  and/or  tracheal
       mites in the spring, they should be treated now,  using registered
       treatments  (Apistan  strips  for Varroa  mites  and  menthol  for
       tracheal mites.   Recent research indicates that extender "grease"
       patties  with  terramycin  are  also  effective  against  tracheal
       mites.)   Provide  the  menthol  as  early  as  possible  to  take
       advantage of the warmer weather earlier in the season.
       November
       8.    Approximately November 1 plug the auger holes in the  bottom
       two supers with corks or masking tape,  but leave the hole in  the
       top super open for ventilation and as an emergency exit.
       9.    Remove the telescoping outer cover.  Place an insulite board
       over  the  inner cover.   This acts as  a  moisture-releaser  that
       allows  moisture to escape from the hive during winter.   It  also
       provides for a dead-air space on top of the colony.

       10.   Place  a  commercial winter carton over the  hive.  A  black
       carton  made of cardboard or plastic is sufficient and  effective. 
       Replace  the telescoping outer cover and secure with a rock.   The
       outer cover should not "telescope" over the winter carton.   Cut a
       hole in the winter carton that is aligned with the upper entrance.
       11.   It is desirable to have a dead-air space under the hive such
       as that provided by a commercial hive stand.
       12.   If a good apiary site was chosen, protection from prevailing
       winds,  good  air  drainage and full  sunlight  will  help  ensure
       successful wintering.
       13.   All  colonies  not selected for wintering should  be  killed
       when  fall  brood  rearing has stopped  (approx.  Nov.  1).   This
       equipment  should  be inspected, repaired,  cleaned  and  properly
       stored.
          Many  people are amazed that bees can winter well in  Minnesota
       with  only a thin black cardboard covering as  "insulation."   Dr.
       Furgala  did quite a lot of research on wintering and  found  that
       heavy  wrapping  with  straw and tarpaper  did  not  significantly
       improve  wintering success.   If the bees are kept in  three  deep
       hive bodies with 75-90 lbs. of honey stores and a young queen, are
       provided  an upper entrance and an insulite board to  help  reduce
       moisture build-up,  are located in a good apiary site and  treated
       for diseases and mites,  they will make it through winter in  fine
       style.


       WANTED:  40-gal. s/s clarifying
       tank (w/water-jacket) 
       Call Phil Ebert in Lynnville at
       (515) 527-2639.


       FOR SALE:   Hive wraps:   Black
       plastic box covers $5 @,  black
       waxed cardboard covers $3.50 @,
       and   manila  waxed   cardboard
       covers $1 @.
       Call Kenny Loeb (319)  827-1481
       after  7:00 p.m. 434 87th  St.,
       Jesup, IA 50648.



       HONEY COOKING CONTEST
            Once  again  this  year we will hold a  "Cooking  with  Honey"
       Contest  at our Annual Meeting.   Enter your favorite dish  in  the
       following  categories:   drinks,  desserts,  main  dishes,  salads,
       cookies and snacks.
            Please  provide  a copy of the recipe and your name  for  each
       item entered on a 3x5"  or 4x6" index card.   These cards should be
       turned into the judges by 9:00 a.m.  Friday November 11th.   Please
       type or print clearly so others can understand how you made such  a
       delicious food item.
       ANNUAL MEETING SET FOR NOVEMBER 11 AND 12
          Pre-register for the Annual Meeting of the Iowa Honey Producers
       Association  IHPA  and save a couple of bucks this year.   We  are
       offering  an early bird rate of $8.00 for individual  members  and
       $15.00  for  the whole family if registration form  and  check  is
       mailed by October 31st.
          See the pre-registration form and tentative schedule on pages 7
       and 8.  You will not want to miss this meeting.  Come and you will
       get the "buzz" on the latest beekeeping information and news. 
          Note that we are meeting at the Regency Inn in Marshalltown the
       second  weekend of November.   Additionally,  the annual  business
       meeting will be conducted on Friday afternoon (November 11th)  for
       a change.
          This year the banquet will be served "sit-down" style,  instead
       of  being  herded through a line,  in dormitory  cafeteria  style. 
       Many  of  the  dishes will contain honey.  Dr.  Bill  Wilson  will
       entertain   us  with  interesting  stories  from  his   years   of
       experience.
          IHPA  has  reserved  a block of 25 rooms with  two  beds  until
       October  15th.   Rates are $50 for a single and $57 for a  double. 
       If  you  want  a one-bed room,  you will have to  ask.   Call  the
       Regency Inn to make room reservations at (515) 752-6321.


       PACKERS AND DEALERS LAUNCH HONEY QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM
          The  National Honey Packers and Dealers Association has  formed
       the  Honey  Quality  Assurance Task Force  to  insure  that  every
       container  of honey sold in the U.S.  is 100 percent  pure  honey,
       whether  the  honey is domestic, imported or  blended.   The  task
       force  will oversee the development of a honey  quality  assurance
       program  and  establish  procedures for obtaining  funds  for  its
       support. 
          The NHPDA has allocated $20,000 to launch the quality assurance
       program.   Funds  to  support the program will  be  obtained  from
       members of the NHPDA as well as from non-member honey packers on a
       voluntary  basis.   Beginning  in  1995, the  40  members  of  the
       association  will  be assessed five cents per  hundred  weight  on
       honey  sold during the previous calendar year.   The total  budget
       for the initial program is expected to be $70,000.
          Funds  will  be used to develop standards  for  honey,  specify
       testing methods for honey,  monitor honey sold in the U.S.  market
       and  set  enforcement  procedures.  The  honey  quality  assurance
       program will be fair and equitable.
          The  Honey  Quality Assurance Task Force  members  include  the
       NHPDA  Executive  Committee and representatives  of  the  national
       beekeeping associations,  Sioux Honey Association and the National
       Honey  Board.   The next meeting of the task force  will  coincide
       with  the California State Beekeepers Association meeting on  Nov.
       18 in Tahoe, California. For more information on the honey quality
       assurance program, please contact Dick Sullivan at the NHPDA,
       (908) 583-8188.


                      IOWA HONEY PRODUCERS ANNUAL MEETING
                            NOVEMBER 11 AND 12, 1994
                                  Regency Inn
                             U.S. 30 & Iowa Hwy. 14
                               Marshalltown, Iowa
                           Motel Phone (515) 752-6321

                             PRE-REGISTRATION FORM

       Name: ______________________________________________________________

       Company Name: ______________________________________________________

       Address:______________________________City: ________________________

       State: ___________ Zip: ________-_______ Phone: (    ) _____________

       No. of Colonies:_____ Years Beekeeping:______ Year joined IHPA:_____

       Individual Member ($10 at the door)      $ 8.00        $____________
       Family Rate ($20 at the door)            $15.00        $____________
       Non-member                               $15.00        $____________

       Membership dues                            5.00        $____________
       (Membership required to vote at business meeting.)

       Banquet Friday night 7:00 p.m.           $12.00 each   $____________
                                                              =============
                                                TOTAL          ____________
       --------------------------------------------------------------------
       Make check payable to:  Iowa Honey Producers Association.
       Send form and check to: J. Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer
                               4012 54th St.  Des Moines, IA 50310

                                TENTATIVE SCHEDULE

       FRIDAY, November 11

        8:00 a.m. Registration - $10 for members and $20 family rate

        8:45 a.m. President's Welcome                         Leroy Kellogg
                  Honey Cooking Contest

        9:00 a.m. Beekeeping in Agriculture                    Dale Cochran
                                              Iowa Secretary of Agriculture

        9:30 a.m. State Apiarist Report                             Bob Cox

       10:15 a.m. BREAK (Door prizes following)

       10:45 a.m. What's new in mite control          Dr. William T. Wilson

       11:45 a.m. LUNCH (on your own)
        1:00 p.m. Comb Honey Production                        John Johnson

        1:45 p.m. BUSINESS MEETING (Election of Officers)

        3:00 p.m. Bee Research at the Univ. of Minnesota        Gary Reuter

        4:00 p.m. Local Assn. & Area Crop Reports        Local Associations

        5:00 p.m. Adjourn --visit vendors

        7:00 p.m. BANQUET $12.00

                1. Blessing on Food: Paul Goossen

                2. Introduction of new officers - Leroy Kellogg

                3. State Fair Awards - Bob Cox

                4. Cooking Contest Results - Leroy Kellogg

                5. Speaker:  Bill Wilson - "30 years of day dreaming and
                other  happenings"

       Banquet Menu (served to you at your table):
        
                      Tossed Salad with Honey House Dressing 
        Honey-Glazed Ham Steak with Pineapple ring, raisin sauce and cherry
                             AuGratin Cheese Potatoes
                             Broccoli and Cauliflower
                               Hot Roll with Butter
                    Dutch Apple Pie topped with Honey Ice Cream
                                Coffee, Tea or Milk

       SATURDAY, November 12

        8:00 a.m. -Visit Vendors

        9:00 a.m. Niche Marketing of Honey                  Sherry Jennings
                                                       National Honey Board
       10:00 a.m. BREAK

       10:15 a.m. American Bee Journal                           Joe Graham

       11:00 a.m. Beekeeping Gadgets & Gizmos                   Gary Reuter

       12:00 noon LUNCH (on your own)
        
        1:00 p.m. Beeswax Art                            Laverne Greenfield

        2:00 p.m. Pollination of Iowa Crops                    Paul Goossen

        3:00 p.m. Adjourn



From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Fri Feb 10 22:26:00 EST 1995
Article: 1281 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!news.uiowa.edu!blue.weeg.uiowa.edu!drone.weeg.uiowa.edu!terry-dahms
From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Aug. 94 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
Date: Thu, 9 Feb 1995 16:30:19
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       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ps: sorry for the delay in posting.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                   THE BUZZ                     AUGUST, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       STATE APIARIST REPORT
          We now have two field inspectors working in the western part of
       the  state and the 12th of the month we will start  inspecting  in
       northeastern Iowa.  We are looking for an experienced beekeeper to
       inspect for about 6-8 weeks this fall and 6-8 weeks next spring in
       the northcentral,  central and/or the southeast part of the state. 
       The  beekeeper must reside in one of those areas to  qualify.   If
       you  are interested or have any suggestions for someone who  might
       be, give me a call at 515-281-5736.
          The  honey flow has slowed considerably since  June.   However,
       many beekeepers are reporting a good crop from clover already  and
       are hoping for some late flows from soybeans and wildflowers.  The
       southeast  part  of  the state looks to be  the  best,  especially
       considering  that  they have had almost no crop  for  four  years. 
       This is a good time of the season to take some of that nice  light
       colored honey off the hives and keep it separate.   The extraction
       process  is  much simpler with fewer robbing bees  and  the  honey
       temperature warmer.
          This  is also a good time to prepare products to enter  in  the
       State Fair.   All you need is six jars of honey,  sections of comb
       honey,  a frame of honey, a 3-pound chunk of beeswax, candles,  or
       an observation beehive to enter.   Fill out the entry form in last
       month's newsletter and send in with the nominal entry fee.  If you
       need help getting entries to the fair in Des Moines,  let me know,
       and I'll see if I can find someone else in your area who is coming
       to the fair.

       BOOK REVIEW: Almond Pollination Handbook by Joe Traynor
             You might ask why should an Iowa beekeeper be interested  in
       a handbook on almond pollination.  I'll give you two reasons.  1.)
       Many  of  the  principles of pollinating  almonds  also  apply  to
       pollinating  any  crop,  especially other tree  fruits.  2.)   The
       demand  for  honey bees to pollinate California  almonds  and  the
       opportunity  to earn some cash during an off-time of the year  may
       be attractive to some Iowa beekeepers.
             The book is divided into two sections, the first section for
       the  almond grower and the second for the beekeeper.   Topics  for
       the grower include:  orchard design for pollination, renting bees,
       pollination   management,   bee  removal  and   alternate   insect
       pollinators.   This section makes this book the ideal gift for  an
       orchardist  for  which  you are  currently  providing  pollination
       services  or  a prospective customer. A similar manual  for  fruit
       growers  in  Iowa (primarily,  apples and  some  cherries,  pears,
       plums, peaches and apricots) would certainly be valuable.
             The section written for the beekeeper covers topics such  as
       pollination agreements,  state regulations,  theft,  bee delivery,
       pesticides,  preparing colonies, bee removal, time and duration of
       bloom and grower-beekeeper communication.
             This  86-page handbook is well written and printed  on  nice
       glossy paper, well organized for easy reference, and has some nice
       color photography.  And last, but not least,  the price is right--
       $7.00  (which includes shipping and handling).   To obtain a  copy
       send a check to Kovak Books, P.O. Box 1422, Bakersfield, CA 93302.

       LAPLANDERS HONEY CONFERENCE
          Friday,  September  9th,  the Laplanders  Honey  Conference  of
       Southern Iowa and Northern Missouri will be held in Allerton, Iowa
       at the "Inn of the Six Toed Cat."  Dinner will be served at 6 p.m.
       and the program to follow at 7 p.m.
          "The Honey Market:  What's Out There?" will be the theme of the
       conference.   Lisa  Terry,  the 1994  American  Honey  Queen  from
       Northfield,  Minnesota,  will be one of the guest speakers for the
       evening.   Joining her will be Leon Metz,  honey packer from Hazel
       Green, Wisconsin.
          Do join us for dinner and for this timely program.  For further
       details  and  reservations  contact: Ann  Garber  515/872-3119  by
       Tuesday, September 6th.
          The  fourth  annual  Honey-Walnut  Classic  will  be  held  the
       following day,  Saturday,  September 10th at 10 a.m.  on the  east
       portico of the "Inn"  in Allerton.   This popular event honors the
       historic "Iowa-Missouri Honey War, 1838-1841."

       NATIONAL HONEY BOARD ANNUAL MEETING HELD
          The National Honey Board held its annual meeting in Denver June
       17.   The Board elected Neil Miller, Blackfoot, Idaho,  as its new
       chairman during the meeting.   Randy Johnson,  Nampa,  Idaho,  was
       elected  as vice president and Steve Klein,  Marshall,  Minnesota,
       was  re-elected  as  secretary/treasurer.   Two  additional  Board
       members,  Binford  Weaver,  Navasota,  Texas,  and  Larry  Krause,
       Riverton,  Wyoming, were elected to serve on the Board's Executive
       Committee.
          The  Executive  Committee  is responsible for  the  conduct  of
       duties  and  policies outlined by the National Honey  Board.   The
       Board administers an industry-funded national research,  promotion
       and  consumer  information  program  to  increase  domestic  honey
       consumption and U.S. honey exports.
          The board member's work at the meeting also included allocating
       funds  for the 1995 plan year.  "The Board will be  reviewing  the
       Committee's  work this fall,"  said Neil Miller,  chairman of  the
       National Honey Board.  "Before the Board spends a dime,  we review
       the  program plans to ensure that they uphold the Board's  mission
       --  to  support  a strong and viable domestic  honey  industry  by
       creating a dynamic marketplace for honey and honey products."
       4-H ESSAY CONTEST NEEDS ENTRIES (from June 1994 APIS newsletter)
          What does it take to get 4-Hers to sit down and write an essay? 
       That's  the  burning  question those at  the  American  Beekeeping
       Federation  (ABF)  and  myself are asking  after  looking  at  the
       results  of  last  year's 4-H essay contest.   Only  fifteen  (15)
       states  submitted  winners  and (Iowa) was  not  among  them.   In
       addition,  the vast majority of these states had only one  to  two
       entries to choose from.  There are three top cash prizes each year
       ($250,  $100 and $50),  plus the winner in each state is awarded a
       book on beekeeping.  This boils down to one fact:  there's a great
       opportunity to win something by simply entering!
          The  rules  for this year's contest have just  been  announced. 
       The topic this year is much different than from previous contests. 
       The  essayist  is asked to write an original story on  honey  bees
       suitable   for  a  teacher  to  read  to  second-grade   students. 
       Suggested titles include:   The Busy Little Bee,  I Like Honey,  A
       Trip to the Apiary, or My Friend,  the Beekeeper.   There's plenty
       of time to get a story together for this year's contest;  deadline
       is April 1, 1995! 
          Full contest rules are available from Bob Cox,  State Apiarist,
       phone 515-281-5736 or the ABF Office, phone 912-427-8447.

       A BEGINNER'S BAIT HIVES by Peter Coyle
          Having read in John Vivian's book,  Keeping Bees,  about  "bees
       for free,"  by placing bait hives in trees and then,  again in the
       Aebi's  book about their bait hives,  my Scottish  parsimony  took
       over.   Last year I made my first swarm trap and was excited  when
       some  scout  bees started sniffing around and into  it.   However,
       some  of  Walt Disney's beloved delinquent  squirrels  knocked  on
       wood, tasted it and found it good, wherein the bees departed.
          Unable  to  harass  my  bees during the  winter,  I  turned  to
       collecting on bait hives,  which being a novice in the  beekeeping
       game,  is  my substitute for knowledge.   I got  Cornell's,  "Bait
       Hives for Honey Bees"  by Seeley,  Morse and Nowogrodzki and could
       just  see  the bees rolling in.  Then there were the  articles  by
       Schmidt, Thoenes and Hurley, from the American Bee Journal,  which
       explained the importance of pheromone lures,  which I just knew  I
       had to have.   I could visualize all those winter clusters of bees
       over  half  of Iowa impatient to zoom into my traps.   However,  a
       catalog  price of twenty dollars for what they described as  being
       made of inexpensive material,  and what I gathered would only be a
       kind of paper mache, deep, brood box, sent me to the workshop with
       cardboard and thin plywood scraps to construct an alternative.
          I  had read that a volume roughly the size of a deep hive  body
       was  most  favored,   (although  recently  opinion  has  changed). 
       Climbing  ladders and trees with a full box of bees  required  the
       box to be as light as possible.   Everything I made had a coating,
       externally,  of  roof cement,  thinned with   mineral  spirits  to
       sicken  the squirrels off and I capped each hive with a  lid  made
       from   discarded   aluminum  soffit  to   keep   everything   dry. 
       Internally,  each had homemade rough frames of standard  dimension
       with  a waxed starter strip which would easily transfer to a  deep
       hive body.  I then sat and itched for Spring.
          The  last  week in April,  I was out with the  ladder  visiting
       friends who might have suitable spots in trees about ten to twelve
       feet  up,  with  morning  sun and afternoon  shade,  just  as  the
       literature suggested.   Now,  at the end of June, I have had three
       swarms from one hive and two from another,  with scout bees  still
       buzzing  around  the  emptied boxes.  The  first  swarm,  which  I
       weighed like a proud father,  was five and a half pounds and  made
       some nice comb honey for me.   The last one,  which was so big  it
       filled  the  whole  trap  and had a pound or  two  of  bees  still
       outside,  I  collected  in  a screened  box  using  a  funnel  and
       transferring  it  to a medium super of foundation  and  two  round
       section  supers  at  dusk,  feeling  exhilarated  beyond  measure. 
       However,  the next day, when I looked in the afternoon,  they were
       gone,  leaving  me as devastated as I had been  exhilarated.   Too
       late, I now have two homemade entrance guards.
          In  collecting one swarm which had started to build  comb  from
       the  bottom of the trap,  I missed the open sack on the end  of  a
       pole,  held  helpfully by my companion and neighbor,  Cheryl,  and
       brushed a couple pounds of less than happy bees on her head.  This
       made me more acquainted with the language of liberation.
          Two  other bait hives in suburbia have never had a  snifter  so
       far.  Perhaps in bee real estate the three most  important  things
       are location, location and location.
          My experience,  limited as it is, suggests that I should err on
       the  large  side with the boxes,  worrying less about  the  spaces
       around the frames, as the bees are unlikely to construct burr comb
       between  inspections,  although one swarm built comb  on  about  a
       third of nine frames in just a couple of days.
          The mistakes I made were very instructional, if humbling.   Ah,
       but just wait until next year.

       FOR SALE:  7 bee hives, two-story plus misc.  equipment.   Contact
       Raymond and Jo Whitwood, Muscatine. phone (319)263-0992.

       FOR SALE:  55-gallon drums $6.00 each; 20 or more $5.00 each.
       Call Harry Hunter in Des Moines at (515)266-1984.

       FOR SALE:  Stainless 8-frame extractor with Dayton electric motor,
       cappings  knife and misc.  supers, frames,  lids & boxes.   Asking
       $200/offer.  If interested call Des Moines at (515)270-8726, leave
       message if no answer.

       FOR  SALE:    Kelley  electric,  vibrating  uncapping  knife  with
       electric motor $175;  Kelley steam vibrating uncapping knife $125;
       Dadant electric stainless mini-melter $350; C.C. Pollen Co.  traps
       used only one season $30 each.   Call Monroe Neihart near Clarinda
       (712)582-3200.

       FOR SALE:  Qualitly Section Comb Honey in Cartons $1.90 each. Call
       Stanley Weiser, 2674 - 303rd Pl. in Adel. Ph: (515)993-3126.

       "Butter  and HONEY shall he eat,  that he may know to  refuse  the
       evil and choose the good."  (Isaiah 7:15)
                               CALENDAR OF EVENTS
       AUGUST
       11-21        Iowa State Fair Apiary Exhibit, 2nd Floor of
                    Agriculture Building,  State Fairgrounds,  Des Moines 
                    Open daily 9:00 a.m.- 9:00 p.m. Come see the best!

       SEPTEMBER - NATIONAL HONEY MONTH
       9-10         Laplanders Honey Conference 6:00 p.m. the 10th and
                    Honey Walnut Classic 10 a.m. the 11th both at the
                    Inn in Allerton, Iowa.

       12           Eastcentral Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. in
                    basement of Montgomery Hall, Johnson County
                    Fairgrounds, Iowa City

       15           Scott County Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. at Riefes
                    Restaurant, Locust St., Davenport.

       17           Central Iowa Beekeepers Meeting at Royal Cafe in
                    Huxley.  Buffet dinner at 5:30 p.m., Business Meeting
                    6:30 p.m. and Program at 7:30 p.m. (We will try again
                    to show the Bee Emergency Video.)

       NOVEMBER     
       11-12        Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown.


       FOR  SALE:   Home Study Course "Rearing Honey Bee  Queens  in  the
       Northern U.S."  (with manual and video tape) by Dr.  Marla  Spivak
       and Gary S. Reuter, the University of Minnestota.  $40.00  Contact
       Dept.  of Entomology,  University of Minnesota,  Hodson Hall,  St.
       Paul, MN 55108-6125 or call Dr. Spivak at (612) 624-4798.

       Dear Beekeeper Friends,
          I  am  writing this short announcement to let you know  of  the
       recent  loss of my father, Russell Stephenson of  Williams,  Iowa. 
       He died suddenly in his home on May 19th at the age of 77.
          As some of you know,  he sold his business,  "Stephenson  Honey
       Farms"  in 1993 and retired.  He loved the beekeeping business and
       being able to work in the outdoors.   He offered great  assistance
       and advise to several beekeepers and those interested in the field
       during  his life.   My father enjoyed talking to many of you  over
       the  years  and  sharing the constant cares and  concerns  of  the
       Midwest beekeeper.  [Editor:  I certainly enjoyed getting to  know
       Mr. Stephenson when inspecting his equipment for the sale.  He had
       an  efficient way to handle frames during the  extracting  process
       and  developed a unique way of removing excess moisture  from  his
       honey after it was extracted and checked his own bees for tracheal
       mites with his microscope.   He certainly applied his  engineering
       skills learned in his silo construction company to the  beekeeping
       business.]  Thanks for being a special part of my father's  life!! 
       He will be greatly missed!
                     -Thomas Russell Stephenson and The Stephenson Family
       OTHER INSECTS OCCUPYING BEE HIVES
             Sometimes   beekeepers  may  become  alarmed  or  at   least
       concerned about insects other than honey bees inside their  hives. 
       At times the beekeeper may see cockroaches, ants, beetles, spiders
       and  wax  worms  (moth larvae) occupying their bee  hives.   As  a
       general rule healthy,  populous colonies are not damaged by  these
       insect guests.
             Many  times wax moths are blamed for the death of  colonies. 
       This  is almost never the case in Iowa.   The wax moth larvae  are
       nature's clean-up crew after a colony dies.   This can actually be
       helpful  if  the colony died from American  foulbrood  disease  by
       reducing  the probability of spreading the disease to  neighboring
       colonies.   The best way to prevent damage to your combs after the
       colony  has  died is to keep an eye on your bees and pick  up  any
       empty hive equipment from the beeyard.   
             The primary problem beekeepers encounter is in storing empty
       beeswax comb, especially brood comb during the warm summer months.
       A few years ago several products were available for fumigating  or
       treating  stored beeswax combs.   These products are  designed  to
       kill insects, therefore fumigated combs should always be aired out
       for a few hours before placing them on the bees.
             Most    recently,    the   product   "Paramoth"    (PDB    -
       Paradichlorobenzene)  is  no longer available for  bee  equipment. 
       I've heard conflicting reports from beekeeping supply houses as to
       the fate of registration of this product for treatment of  beeswax
       combs.   One  story  is  that PDB is  a  carcinogen  and  EPA  has
       withdrawn  registration  for use on beeswax.   Another  beekeeping
       supply  dealer says they will have approval from EPA to  sell  PDB
       later this fall.
             Outside of using chemical products, combs can be placed in a
       deep  freezer  for a few days to kill any adult moths,  larvae  or
       eggs.   Additionally,  the moths do not like light or  fresh  air. 
       Therefore, storing combs in a way that they are exposed to both of
       these  elements  may be of some help.   Light colored  combs  from
       honey supers are pretty safe from the moths.
             Another  system that may work for you is to keep empty  comb
       stored  on  the colonies where the bees will keep  the  moths  out
       during  the  warm  months  (June,  July,  August,   September  and
       October).  Then, bring in empty equipment and store in an unheated
       building  for  the  winter  and  nature  will  give  them  a  cold
       treatment.

       Dear Iowa Honey Promoter:
          Along with getting your honey harvested,  it's time to plan  to
       promote  your  state's beekeeping or honey exhibit at  your  local
       fair  or  festival.   To aid in honey promotions  Media  kits  are
       available  from  the  National Honey Board  by  contacting  Sherry
       Jennings,  Industry  Relations Director at  (303)776-2337.   Media
       kits include: a story on pollination, newsreleases,  summer recipe
       tips and two new recipe leaflets -- "Bringing You Nature's  Bounty
       Is Our Line"  and "Make Magic in Minutes."   Use the media kit  to
       give  to local newspaper editors, television news shows and  radio
       stations the latest buzz on honey.
       BRINGING YOU NATURE'S BOUNTY IS OUR LINE -- Recipes from NHB.

                             Back to Nature Cookies

       1/2   cup shortening             1   cup honey
       2     eggs                       1   teaspoon vanilla
       1-3/4 cups whole wheat flour     1/2 teaspoon baking soda
       1/2   baking powder              1/4 teaspoon salt
       1     teaspoon cinnamon          2   cups quick-cooking oats
       1/2   cup chopped nuts           1/2 cup finely chopped apple
       1     cup raisins

       In a large mixing bowl,  cream shortening and honey until  fluffy. 
       Add eggs one at a time, beating well after each addition.  Stir in
       vanilla.   In  medium  bowl,  stir together  flour,  soda,  baking
       powder,  salt and cinnamon.  Add dry ingredients to honey mixture,
       beating  until smooth.   Stir in oats,  nuts,  apple and  raisins. 
       Drop  by  teaspoonfuls onto greased cookie sheets about  2  inches
       apart.  Bake at 350 F 10 to 12 minutes or until cookies are golden
       brown. Makes about 5 dozen.

                           Honey Pork Chops & Apples

                    6   pork loin chops (about 3/4-inch thick)
                        Salt, pepper and ground sage
                    2   Granny Smith or other tart apples
                    1   tablespoon butter or margarine
                    1/4 cup HONEY
                    6   Maraschino cherries (optional)

       Brown  chops  slowly in skillet; remove to  shallow  baking  dish.
       Season  chops with salt,  pepper and sage.  Core and slice  apples
       into 1/2-inch rings.  Add butter to skillet and saute apple  rings
       until  crisp-tender.  Place 1 apple ring on each chop.  Cover  and
       bake at 300 F for 30 minutes. Drizzle honey over apples and chops;
       baste  with drippings.  Cover and bake 15 minutes longer or  until
       pork is fully cooked. Place cherry in center of apple rings before
       serving. Makes 6 servings.

                     Honey-Kissed Fruit (Microwave Method)

                     1/4 cup honey      
                     1   teaspoon grated orange peel
                     2   fresh pears, pared, cored and halved
                     1   can (5-1/4 oz.) pineapple chunks, drained
                     1   cup each red and green grapes, halved, seeded

       Blend  honey  and  orange  peel;  set  aside.  Place  pears  in  4
       microwave-safe serving glasses; drizzle with honey mixture.  Cover
       each glass with plastic wrap;  vent. Microwave at HIGH (100%) 3 to
       5 minutes or until pears are tender. Combine pineapple and grapes.
       Divide evenly between servings and sprinkle over pears. Serve warm
       or cold. Makes 4 servings.
                             Honey Cloverleaf Rolls

                    1   package (16 oz.) hot roll mix
                    6   tablespoons honey, divided
                    1/4 cup butter or margarine
                    1   teaspoon grated lemon peel
                    1   cup sliced almonds

       Prepare   dough   according  to  package  directions,   adding   2
       tablespoons honey to liquid. Cover kneaded dough with bowl and let
       stand 5 minutes.  Melt butter and remaining honey;  stir in  lemon
       peel.  Roll dough into 36 balls (about 1 to 1-1/2 inch  diameter).
       Form clusters of three balls,  dip each in honey mixture and  then
       almonds.  Place each cluster in well-greased muffin cup.  Let rise
       30  minutes  or  until doubled in bulk. Bake at 350  F  15  to  20
       minutes  or  until lightly browned. Brush with honey  mixture,  if
       desired. Makes 12 rolls.

           Honey Cranberry Butter

       1   cup butter, softened
       1/4 cup HONEY
       1/4 cup chopped cranberries*
       1/4 cup cranberry sauce
       2   tablespoons ground walnuts
       1   tablespoon milk
       2   teaspoons grated orange
           peel

       Cream   butter  and  honey   in
       medium  bowl. Add  cranberries,
       cranberry sauce, walnuts,  milk
       and  orange  peel.  Whip  until
       light pink in color.  Serve  at
       room   temperature;  store   in
       refrigerator, tightly covered.

       *    Use   fresh   or    frozen
       cranberries,  if desired;  chop
       before thawing.












       New NHB recipe folder; see page 7 for recipes.


From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Fri Feb 10 22:26:01 EST 1995
Article: 1282 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!news.uiowa.edu!blue.weeg.uiowa.edu!drone.weeg.uiowa.edu!terry-dahms
From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: July 94 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
Date: Thu, 9 Feb 1995 16:32:34
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       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ps: sorry for the delay in posting.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                   THE BUZZ                     AUGUST, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       STATE APIARIST REPORT
          We now have two field inspectors working in the western part of
       the  state and the 12th of the month we will start  inspecting  in
       northeastern Iowa.  We are looking for an experienced beekeeper to
       inspect for about 6-8 weeks this fall and 6-8 weeks next spring in
       the northcentral,  central and/or the southeast part of the state. 
       The  beekeeper must reside in one of those areas to  qualify.   If
       you  are interested or have any suggestions for someone who  might
       be, give me a call at 515-281-5736.
          The  honey flow has slowed considerably since  June.   However,
       many beekeepers are reporting a good crop from clover already  and
       are hoping for some late flows from soybeans and wildflowers.  The
       southeast  part  of  the state looks to be  the  best,  especially
       considering  that  they have had almost no crop  for  four  years. 
       This is a good time of the season to take some of that nice  light
       colored honey off the hives and keep it separate.   The extraction
       process  is  much simpler with fewer robbing bees  and  the  honey
       temperature warmer.
          This  is also a good time to prepare products to enter  in  the
       State Fair.   All you need is six jars of honey,  sections of comb
       honey,  a frame of honey, a 3-pound chunk of beeswax, candles,  or
       an observation beehive to enter.   Fill out the entry form in last
       month's newsletter and send in with the nominal entry fee.  If you
       need help getting entries to the fair in Des Moines,  let me know,
       and I'll see if I can find someone else in your area who is coming
       to the fair.

       BOOK REVIEW: Almond Pollination Handbook by Joe Traynor
             You might ask why should an Iowa beekeeper be interested  in
       a handbook on almond pollination.  I'll give you two reasons.  1.)
       Many  of  the  principles of pollinating  almonds  also  apply  to
       pollinating  any  crop,  especially other tree  fruits.  2.)   The
       demand  for  honey bees to pollinate California  almonds  and  the
       opportunity  to earn some cash during an off-time of the year  may
       be attractive to some Iowa beekeepers.
             The book is divided into two sections, the first section for
       the  almond grower and the second for the beekeeper.   Topics  for
       the grower include:  orchard design for pollination, renting bees,
       pollination   management,   bee  removal  and   alternate   insect
       pollinators.   This section makes this book the ideal gift for  an
       orchardist  for  which  you are  currently  providing  pollination
       services  or  a prospective customer. A similar manual  for  fruit
       growers  in  Iowa (primarily,  apples and  some  cherries,  pears,
       plums, peaches and apricots) would certainly be valuable.
             The section written for the beekeeper covers topics such  as
       pollination agreements,  state regulations,  theft,  bee delivery,
       pesticides,  preparing colonies, bee removal, time and duration of
       bloom and grower-beekeeper communication.
             This  86-page handbook is well written and printed  on  nice
       glossy paper, well organized for easy reference, and has some nice
       color photography.  And last, but not least,  the price is right--
       $7.00  (which includes shipping and handling).   To obtain a  copy
       send a check to Kovak Books, P.O. Box 1422, Bakersfield, CA 93302.

       LAPLANDERS HONEY CONFERENCE
          Friday,  September  9th,  the Laplanders  Honey  Conference  of
       Southern Iowa and Northern Missouri will be held in Allerton, Iowa
       at the "Inn of the Six Toed Cat."  Dinner will be served at 6 p.m.
       and the program to follow at 7 p.m.
          "The Honey Market:  What's Out There?" will be the theme of the
       conference.   Lisa  Terry,  the 1994  American  Honey  Queen  from
       Northfield,  Minnesota,  will be one of the guest speakers for the
       evening.   Joining her will be Leon Metz,  honey packer from Hazel
       Green, Wisconsin.
          Do join us for dinner and for this timely program.  For further
       details  and  reservations  contact: Ann  Garber  515/872-3119  by
       Tuesday, September 6th.
          The  fourth  annual  Honey-Walnut  Classic  will  be  held  the
       following day,  Saturday,  September 10th at 10 a.m.  on the  east
       portico of the "Inn"  in Allerton.   This popular event honors the
       historic "Iowa-Missouri Honey War, 1838-1841."

       NATIONAL HONEY BOARD ANNUAL MEETING HELD
          The National Honey Board held its annual meeting in Denver June
       17.   The Board elected Neil Miller, Blackfoot, Idaho,  as its new
       chairman during the meeting.   Randy Johnson,  Nampa,  Idaho,  was
       elected  as vice president and Steve Klein,  Marshall,  Minnesota,
       was  re-elected  as  secretary/treasurer.   Two  additional  Board
       members,  Binford  Weaver,  Navasota,  Texas,  and  Larry  Krause,
       Riverton,  Wyoming, were elected to serve on the Board's Executive
       Committee.
          The  Executive  Committee  is responsible for  the  conduct  of
       duties  and  policies outlined by the National Honey  Board.   The
       Board administers an industry-funded national research,  promotion
       and  consumer  information  program  to  increase  domestic  honey
       consumption and U.S. honey exports.
          The board member's work at the meeting also included allocating
       funds  for the 1995 plan year.  "The Board will be  reviewing  the
       Committee's  work this fall,"  said Neil Miller,  chairman of  the
       National Honey Board.  "Before the Board spends a dime,  we review
       the  program plans to ensure that they uphold the Board's  mission
       --  to  support  a strong and viable domestic  honey  industry  by
       creating a dynamic marketplace for honey and honey products."
       4-H ESSAY CONTEST NEEDS ENTRIES (from June 1994 APIS newsletter)
          What does it take to get 4-Hers to sit down and write an essay? 
       That's  the  burning  question those at  the  American  Beekeeping
       Federation  (ABF)  and  myself are asking  after  looking  at  the
       results  of  last  year's 4-H essay contest.   Only  fifteen  (15)
       states  submitted  winners  and (Iowa) was  not  among  them.   In
       addition,  the vast majority of these states had only one  to  two
       entries to choose from.  There are three top cash prizes each year
       ($250,  $100 and $50),  plus the winner in each state is awarded a
       book on beekeeping.  This boils down to one fact:  there's a great
       opportunity to win something by simply entering!
          The  rules  for this year's contest have just  been  announced. 
       The topic this year is much different than from previous contests. 
       The  essayist  is asked to write an original story on  honey  bees
       suitable   for  a  teacher  to  read  to  second-grade   students. 
       Suggested titles include:   The Busy Little Bee,  I Like Honey,  A
       Trip to the Apiary, or My Friend,  the Beekeeper.   There's plenty
       of time to get a story together for this year's contest;  deadline
       is April 1, 1995! 
          Full contest rules are available from Bob Cox,  State Apiarist,
       phone 515-281-5736 or the ABF Office, phone 912-427-8447.

       A BEGINNER'S BAIT HIVES by Peter Coyle
          Having read in John Vivian's book,  Keeping Bees,  about  "bees
       for free,"  by placing bait hives in trees and then,  again in the
       Aebi's  book about their bait hives,  my Scottish  parsimony  took
       over.   Last year I made my first swarm trap and was excited  when
       some  scout  bees started sniffing around and into  it.   However,
       some  of  Walt Disney's beloved delinquent  squirrels  knocked  on
       wood, tasted it and found it good, wherein the bees departed.
          Unable  to  harass  my  bees during the  winter,  I  turned  to
       collecting on bait hives,  which being a novice in the  beekeeping
       game,  is  my substitute for knowledge.   I got  Cornell's,  "Bait
       Hives for Honey Bees"  by Seeley,  Morse and Nowogrodzki and could
       just  see  the bees rolling in.  Then there were the  articles  by
       Schmidt, Thoenes and Hurley, from the American Bee Journal,  which
       explained the importance of pheromone lures,  which I just knew  I
       had to have.   I could visualize all those winter clusters of bees
       over  half  of Iowa impatient to zoom into my traps.   However,  a
       catalog  price of twenty dollars for what they described as  being
       made of inexpensive material,  and what I gathered would only be a
       kind of paper mache, deep, brood box, sent me to the workshop with
       cardboard and thin plywood scraps to construct an alternative.
          I  had read that a volume roughly the size of a deep hive  body
       was  most  favored,   (although  recently  opinion  has  changed). 
       Climbing  ladders and trees with a full box of bees  required  the
       box to be as light as possible.   Everything I made had a coating,
       externally,  of  roof cement,  thinned with   mineral  spirits  to
       sicken  the squirrels off and I capped each hive with a  lid  made
       from   discarded   aluminum  soffit  to   keep   everything   dry. 
       Internally,  each had homemade rough frames of standard  dimension
       with  a waxed starter strip which would easily transfer to a  deep
       hive body.  I then sat and itched for Spring.
          The  last  week in April,  I was out with the  ladder  visiting
       friends who might have suitable spots in trees about ten to twelve
       feet  up,  with  morning  sun and afternoon  shade,  just  as  the
       literature suggested.   Now,  at the end of June, I have had three
       swarms from one hive and two from another,  with scout bees  still
       buzzing  around  the  emptied boxes.  The  first  swarm,  which  I
       weighed like a proud father,  was five and a half pounds and  made
       some nice comb honey for me.   The last one,  which was so big  it
       filled  the  whole  trap  and had a pound or  two  of  bees  still
       outside,  I  collected  in  a screened  box  using  a  funnel  and
       transferring  it  to a medium super of foundation  and  two  round
       section  supers  at  dusk,  feeling  exhilarated  beyond  measure. 
       However,  the next day, when I looked in the afternoon,  they were
       gone,  leaving  me as devastated as I had been  exhilarated.   Too
       late, I now have two homemade entrance guards.
          In  collecting one swarm which had started to build  comb  from
       the  bottom of the trap,  I missed the open sack on the end  of  a
       pole,  held  helpfully by my companion and neighbor,  Cheryl,  and
       brushed a couple pounds of less than happy bees on her head.  This
       made me more acquainted with the language of liberation.
          Two  other bait hives in suburbia have never had a  snifter  so
       far.  Perhaps in bee real estate the three most  important  things
       are location, location and location.
          My experience,  limited as it is, suggests that I should err on
       the  large  side with the boxes,  worrying less about  the  spaces
       around the frames, as the bees are unlikely to construct burr comb
       between  inspections,  although one swarm built comb  on  about  a
       third of nine frames in just a couple of days.
          The mistakes I made were very instructional, if humbling.   Ah,
       but just wait until next year.

       FOR SALE:  7 bee hives, two-story plus misc.  equipment.   Contact
       Raymond and Jo Whitwood, Muscatine. phone (319)263-0992.

       FOR SALE:  55-gallon drums $6.00 each; 20 or more $5.00 each.
       Call Harry Hunter in Des Moines at (515)266-1984.

       FOR SALE:  Stainless 8-frame extractor with Dayton electric motor,
       cappings  knife and misc.  supers, frames,  lids & boxes.   Asking
       $200/offer.  If interested call Des Moines at (515)270-8726, leave
       message if no answer.

       FOR  SALE:    Kelley  electric,  vibrating  uncapping  knife  with
       electric motor $175;  Kelley steam vibrating uncapping knife $125;
       Dadant electric stainless mini-melter $350; C.C. Pollen Co.  traps
       used only one season $30 each.   Call Monroe Neihart near Clarinda
       (712)582-3200.

       FOR SALE:  Qualitly Section Comb Honey in Cartons $1.90 each. Call
       Stanley Weiser, 2674 - 303rd Pl. in Adel. Ph: (515)993-3126.

       "Butter  and HONEY shall he eat,  that he may know to  refuse  the
       evil and choose the good."  (Isaiah 7:15)
                               CALENDAR OF EVENTS
       AUGUST
       11-21        Iowa State Fair Apiary Exhibit, 2nd Floor of
                    Agriculture Building,  State Fairgrounds,  Des Moines 
                    Open daily 9:00 a.m.- 9:00 p.m. Come see the best!

       SEPTEMBER - NATIONAL HONEY MONTH
       9-10         Laplanders Honey Conference 6:00 p.m. the 10th and
                    Honey Walnut Classic 10 a.m. the 11th both at the
                    Inn in Allerton, Iowa.

       12           Eastcentral Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. in
                    basement of Montgomery Hall, Johnson County
                    Fairgrounds, Iowa City

       15           Scott County Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. at Riefes
                    Restaurant, Locust St., Davenport.

       17           Central Iowa Beekeepers Meeting at Royal Cafe in
                    Huxley.  Buffet dinner at 5:30 p.m., Business Meeting
                    6:30 p.m. and Program at 7:30 p.m. (We will try again
                    to show the Bee Emergency Video.)

       NOVEMBER     
       11-12        Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown.


       FOR  SALE:   Home Study Course "Rearing Honey Bee  Queens  in  the
       Northern U.S."  (with manual and video tape) by Dr.  Marla  Spivak
       and Gary S. Reuter, the University of Minnestota.  $40.00  Contact
       Dept.  of Entomology,  University of Minnesota,  Hodson Hall,  St.
       Paul, MN 55108-6125 or call Dr. Spivak at (612) 624-4798.

       Dear Beekeeper Friends,
          I  am  writing this short announcement to let you know  of  the
       recent  loss of my father, Russell Stephenson of  Williams,  Iowa. 
       He died suddenly in his home on May 19th at the age of 77.
          As some of you know,  he sold his business,  "Stephenson  Honey
       Farms"  in 1993 and retired.  He loved the beekeeping business and
       being able to work in the outdoors.   He offered great  assistance
       and advise to several beekeepers and those interested in the field
       during  his life.   My father enjoyed talking to many of you  over
       the  years  and  sharing the constant cares and  concerns  of  the
       Midwest beekeeper.  [Editor:  I certainly enjoyed getting to  know
       Mr. Stephenson when inspecting his equipment for the sale.  He had
       an  efficient way to handle frames during the  extracting  process
       and  developed a unique way of removing excess moisture  from  his
       honey after it was extracted and checked his own bees for tracheal
       mites with his microscope.   He certainly applied his  engineering
       skills learned in his silo construction company to the  beekeeping
       business.]  Thanks for being a special part of my father's  life!! 
       He will be greatly missed!
                     -Thomas Russell Stephenson and The Stephenson Family
       OTHER INSECTS OCCUPYING BEE HIVES
             Sometimes   beekeepers  may  become  alarmed  or  at   least
       concerned about insects other than honey bees inside their  hives. 
       At times the beekeeper may see cockroaches, ants, beetles, spiders
       and  wax  worms  (moth larvae) occupying their bee  hives.   As  a
       general rule healthy,  populous colonies are not damaged by  these
       insect guests.
             Many  times wax moths are blamed for the death of  colonies. 
       This  is almost never the case in Iowa.   The wax moth larvae  are
       nature's clean-up crew after a colony dies.   This can actually be
       helpful  if  the colony died from American  foulbrood  disease  by
       reducing  the probability of spreading the disease to  neighboring
       colonies.   The best way to prevent damage to your combs after the
       colony  has  died is to keep an eye on your bees and pick  up  any
       empty hive equipment from the beeyard.   
             The primary problem beekeepers encounter is in storing empty
       beeswax comb, especially brood comb during the warm summer months.
       A few years ago several products were available for fumigating  or
       treating  stored beeswax combs.   These products are  designed  to
       kill insects, therefore fumigated combs should always be aired out
       for a few hours before placing them on the bees.
             Most    recently,    the   product   "Paramoth"    (PDB    -
       Paradichlorobenzene)  is  no longer available for  bee  equipment. 
       I've heard conflicting reports from beekeeping supply houses as to
       the fate of registration of this product for treatment of  beeswax
       combs.   One  story  is  that PDB is  a  carcinogen  and  EPA  has
       withdrawn  registration  for use on beeswax.   Another  beekeeping
       supply  dealer says they will have approval from EPA to  sell  PDB
       later this fall.
             Outside of using chemical products, combs can be placed in a
       deep  freezer  for a few days to kill any adult moths,  larvae  or
       eggs.   Additionally,  the moths do not like light or  fresh  air. 
       Therefore, storing combs in a way that they are exposed to both of
       these  elements  may be of some help.   Light colored  combs  from
       honey supers are pretty safe from the moths.
             Another  system that may work for you is to keep empty  comb
       stored  on  the colonies where the bees will keep  the  moths  out
       during  the  warm  months  (June,  July,  August,   September  and
       October).  Then, bring in empty equipment and store in an unheated
       building  for  the  winter  and  nature  will  give  them  a  cold
       treatment.

       Dear Iowa Honey Promoter:
          Along with getting your honey harvested,  it's time to plan  to
       promote  your  state's beekeeping or honey exhibit at  your  local
       fair  or  festival.   To aid in honey promotions  Media  kits  are
       available  from  the  National Honey Board  by  contacting  Sherry
       Jennings,  Industry  Relations Director at  (303)776-2337.   Media
       kits include: a story on pollination, newsreleases,  summer recipe
       tips and two new recipe leaflets -- "Bringing You Nature's  Bounty
       Is Our Line"  and "Make Magic in Minutes."   Use the media kit  to
       give  to local newspaper editors, television news shows and  radio
       stations the latest buzz on honey.
       BRINGING YOU NATURE'S BOUNTY IS OUR LINE -- Recipes from NHB.

                             Back to Nature Cookies

       1/2   cup shortening             1   cup honey
       2     eggs                       1   teaspoon vanilla
       1-3/4 cups whole wheat flour     1/2 teaspoon baking soda
       1/2   baking powder              1/4 teaspoon salt
       1     teaspoon cinnamon          2   cups quick-cooking oats
       1/2   cup chopped nuts           1/2 cup finely chopped apple
       1     cup raisins

       In a large mixing bowl,  cream shortening and honey until  fluffy. 
       Add eggs one at a time, beating well after each addition.  Stir in
       vanilla.   In  medium  bowl,  stir together  flour,  soda,  baking
       powder,  salt and cinnamon.  Add dry ingredients to honey mixture,
       beating  until smooth.   Stir in oats,  nuts,  apple and  raisins. 
       Drop  by  teaspoonfuls onto greased cookie sheets about  2  inches
       apart.  Bake at 350 F 10 to 12 minutes or until cookies are golden
       brown. Makes about 5 dozen.

                           Honey Pork Chops & Apples

                    6   pork loin chops (about 3/4-inch thick)
                        Salt, pepper and ground sage
                    2   Granny Smith or other tart apples
                    1   tablespoon butter or margarine
                    1/4 cup HONEY
                    6   Maraschino cherries (optional)

       Brown  chops  slowly in skillet; remove to  shallow  baking  dish.
       Season  chops with salt,  pepper and sage.  Core and slice  apples
       into 1/2-inch rings.  Add butter to skillet and saute apple  rings
       until  crisp-tender.  Place 1 apple ring on each chop.  Cover  and
       bake at 300 F for 30 minutes. Drizzle honey over apples and chops;
       baste  with drippings.  Cover and bake 15 minutes longer or  until
       pork is fully cooked. Place cherry in center of apple rings before
       serving. Makes 6 servings.

                     Honey-Kissed Fruit (Microwave Method)

                     1/4 cup honey      
                     1   teaspoon grated orange peel
                     2   fresh pears, pared, cored and halved
                     1   can (5-1/4 oz.) pineapple chunks, drained
                     1   cup each red and green grapes, halved, seeded

       Blend  honey  and  orange  peel;  set  aside.  Place  pears  in  4
       microwave-safe serving glasses; drizzle with honey mixture.  Cover
       each glass with plastic wrap;  vent. Microwave at HIGH (100%) 3 to
       5 minutes or until pears are tender. Combine pineapple and grapes.
       Divide evenly between servings and sprinkle over pears. Serve warm
       or cold. Makes 4 servings.
                             Honey Cloverleaf Rolls

                    1   package (16 oz.) hot roll mix
                    6   tablespoons honey, divided
                    1/4 cup butter or margarine
                    1   teaspoon grated lemon peel
                    1   cup sliced almonds

       Prepare   dough   according  to  package  directions,   adding   2
       tablespoons honey to liquid. Cover kneaded dough with bowl and let
       stand 5 minutes.  Melt butter and remaining honey;  stir in  lemon
       peel.  Roll dough into 36 balls (about 1 to 1-1/2 inch  diameter).
       Form clusters of three balls,  dip each in honey mixture and  then
       almonds.  Place each cluster in well-greased muffin cup.  Let rise
       30  minutes  or  until doubled in bulk. Bake at 350  F  15  to  20
       minutes  or  until lightly browned. Brush with honey  mixture,  if
       desired. Makes 12 rolls.

           Honey Cranberry Butter

       1   cup butter, softened
       1/4 cup HONEY
       1/4 cup chopped cranberries*
       1/4 cup cranberry sauce
       2   tablespoons ground walnuts
       1   tablespoon milk
       2   teaspoons grated orange
           peel

       Cream   butter  and  honey   in
       medium  bowl. Add  cranberries,
       cranberry sauce, walnuts,  milk
       and  orange  peel.  Whip  until
       light pink in color.  Serve  at
       room   temperature;  store   in
       refrigerator, tightly covered.

       *    Use   fresh   or    frozen
       cranberries,  if desired;  chop
       before thawing.












       New NHB recipe folder; see page 7 for recipes.


From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Fri Feb 10 22:26:02 EST 1995
Article: 1283 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!news.uiowa.edu!blue.weeg.uiowa.edu!drone.weeg.uiowa.edu!terry-dahms
From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: June 94 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
Date: Thu, 9 Feb 1995 16:42:54
Organization: Weeg Computing Center
Lines: 375
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <terry-dahms.13.0010B78C@uiowa.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: drone.weeg.uiowa.edu
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ps: sorry for the delay in posting.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                    THE BUZZ                     JUNE, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       STATE APIARISTS REPORT
          What  a  fantastic spring for the bees we have  had!   You  can
       expect lots of swarming if you have not managed the bees properly. 
       It is time to start thinking about getting supers on your colonies
       and  preparing  for the harvest.   That brings up the  Iowa  State
       Fair.  Get involved this year.  Enter some of your best product in
       the apiary division or perhaps cook something with honey to  enter
       in the food division.  It doesn't matter whether your bees produce
       dark or light honey, liquid or comb honey,  beautiful beeswax or a
       nice observation beehive.  There is a class for everyone.
          Think  about putting in a bid for selling honey or  beeswax  at
       the Iowa Honey Producers Association Salesbooth at State Fair.  We
       could really use good quality product and at the same time promote
       our favorite industry or hobby.
          I  am finding the Varroa mite in many places around  the  state
       this year.  Beware of this mite and treat if you have them.   Time
       is running out to treat this spring,  if not already past in  most
       areas of the state.   The black locust trees are blooming now (May
       23rd)  and some sweet clover is starting to bloom here in  central
       Iowa.   This is the time of year to put on supers for the bees  to
       store surplus honey.
          In  June  there  are local beekeepers meetings  being  held  in
       Marshalltown,  Iowa  City  and  Davenport.   For  specific  dates,
       places,  and times consult the "Calendar of Events."   These are a
       great opportunity to compare notes and see how other beekeepers do
       things.  Why not pick one closest to you and attend it?
          If  you want to be on a list of beekeepers wanting to  retrieve
       swarms or need bees inspected before July 1st,  give me a call  at
       (515) 281-5736.                     - Bob Cox

       CENTRAL IOWA BEEKEEPERS MEETING
          The Central Iowa Beekeepers Association (CIBA) will hold  their
       summer  meeting  at the Anson Park Shelter House  in  Marshalltown
       June 18th at 5:30 p.m.   A member appreciation meal will be cooked
       and  served  by CIBA board members for continued  support  of  the
       membership.   The program will follow at 6:30 p.m.  featuring  Bob
       Mitchell, Tim Laughlin and Bob Cox (Mo, Larry and Curly?)
       For further information contact Margaret Hala (515) 752-2981.


       IOWA SUMMER BEEKEEPING FIELD DAY
          Saturday,  July 23rd the Iowa Honey Producers and Central  Iowa
       Beekeepers  Association  will hold a beekeeping field day  at  the
       Riverside Bible Camp near Story City,  Iowa.   The camp is located
       just  2  miles  off  of  I-35  about  20  miles  north  of   Ames.
       Registration is at 8:30 a.m. and the program will last until 4:00.
          Dr.  Marla Spivak of the University of Minnesota  Bee  Research
       Laboratory will present a program on queen management: finding and
       evaluating the queen, queen selection, breeding,  rearing methods,
       replacement and introduction methods.  Everyone attending will get
       a  copy of the new disease booklet published by the University  of
       Minnesota.
          The morning will start out with a walking tour of bee plants on
       the  grounds.   Breakout sessions in the  afternoon  will  include
       choices  of  Comb  Honey Production,  Pollen  Trapping,  Beginning
       Beekeeping, or Bee Diseases and Pests.
          The  camp  setting is a great place for  beekeepers  and  their
       families.   There  is  a beeyard with  a  screened-in  observation
       building  on the property.   Some of the talks and lunch  will  be
       held  in  an  air-conditioned  retreat  center.   Pre-registration
       ($4.00  for  single  or family) is required for  a  prepared  meal
       ($5.75  per  adult) or you could bring your own lunch and  eat  at
       picnic  tables outside.   To register fill out the form on page  9
       and  send in with your check for the registration and  meal.   The
       registration fee at the door is $5.00.
          For further information contact Bob Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa
       Department of Agriculture, Wallace Building, Des Moines,  IA 50319
       (515) 281-5736 or Gordon Powell, 4012 - 54th St.,  Des Moines,  IA
       50310 (515) 278-1762.

       SCOTT COUNTY BEEKEEPERS FIELD TRIP
          Thurday,  June 16th at 6:00 p.m.  the Scott  County  Beekeepers
       Association  will  hold  a  beekeeping field  trip.   Meet  at  Al
       Gruber's  beeyard  at  1945 Wisconsin St.  on  the  west  side  of
       Davenport.
          This  will be a hands-on experience in the beeyard or  you  may
       want  to watch.   Anyway,  bring you own hat,  beeveil  and  other
       personal gear if you have it.   However,  come even if you do not,
       because we will have some extra equipment for you to use.
          We will identify queens,  swarm cells,  and other aspects of  a
       bee  colony.   We will demonstrate how to make splits and  requeen
       colonies  and when to place supers on colonies for  surplus  honey
       production.  Hopefully, we will not have a rainstorm again.
       DIRECTIONS:   Turn north on Wisconsin Street off of Locust,  1 1/4
       miles east of I-280.  Come and bring a friend.
       For further information contact Ray & Jo Whitwood (319) 263-0992.

                                HONEY OF A VERSE

       "John  did baptize in the wilderness,  and preach the  baptism  of
       repentance for the remission of sins...  And John was clothed with
       camel's hair, and with a girdle of a skin about his loins;  and he
       did eat locusts and wild HONEY"  (Mark 1:4,6)
       NOSEMA  IN  HONEYBEES by Carol Fassbinder  (Hawkeye  Science  Fair
       Winner)
          In the past four winters the winter kill rate for honeybees  in
       Iowa  has  been 50-75%.   In my science fair project I  wanted  to
       determine if Nosema disease is a contributor to such a high winter
       loss.   I  predicted  that the colonies  that  were  treated  with
       Fumadil-B will have little or no Nosema spores, and survive winter
       better than the colonies that were not treated.

       Procedure:   I tested 8 different yards (averaging 26 colonies per
       yard)  and gathered a 25-bee sample from each.   Yards #1  and  #2
       were  treated with Fumadil-B and winter-wrapped,  #3 and  #4  were
       treated and not wrapped,  #5 and #6 were not treated but  wrapped,
       and  #7 and #8 were not treated  and not wrapped for  winter.   At
       each yard I recorded the number of living colonies in the  spring. 
       I then dissected the bees by removing the head,  then grasping the
       stinger  end  of  the abdomen, and gently  removing  the  insides. 
       After removing the insides from 25 bees, the gut,  ventriculus and
       honey stomach were ground up with 25 millilters of water (1 ml per
       bee) with a mortar and pestle.   I used a wire loop to transfer  a
       small amount of this solution onto the hemocytometer for  counting
       the  number  of Nosema spores.   Under a 430  power  microscope  I
       counted  the Nosema spores in 80 small squares on a  special  grid
       and used a mathematical formula to calculate the correct number of
       spores per bee and the level of infestation.

       Results:   The Nosema infestation is displayed in Table 1 and  the
       winter survival rate is shown in Table 2 on page 4.   In yards  #1
       and  #2  (Fumadil  & wrapped) the average spore  count  was  1,667
       spores  per bee,  and they had an average winter survival rate  of
       85%  and the amount of dysentery was extremely low.   In yards  #3
       and #4 (Fumadil but not wrapped) there were 24,834 spores per  bee
       and  they had an average winter survival rate of 85% and  was  not
       much  dysentery dtectable at these yards.  In yard #5 and  #6  (no
       Fumadil but wrapped) the average spore count was 66,665 spores per
       bee,  and 83% winter survival raate and there was a fair amount of
       dysentery on the outside of the hives, but the inside of the hives
       were still clean.   In yards #7 and #8 (no Fumadil & not  wrapped)
       the  spore  count  was  152,667 spores  per  bee,  with  only  31%
       surviving winter and dysentery covering the front of the hives, as
       well as the inside of the hives.

       Conclusions:   It  appears  that  if  the  bees  are  either  well
       protected for winter by wrapping or treated with Fumadil-B,  their
       winter survival is reasonable.   However, if the bees are  neither
       treated  with Fumadil-B,  nor protected by wrapping,  they do  not
       survive  winter well.   I conclude that winter protection is  more
       important  than  treating  with Fumadil-B (because  of  the  added
       expense).   If  the bees are not protected,  then  treatment  with
       Fumadil-B is essential.  Since other factors play a part in winter
       survival, more reasearch needs to be done.  (Carol is a 7th grader
       at  Valley  Community  School and daughter  of  Robert  and  Kathy
       Fassbinder , commercial beekeepers from Elgin, Iowa.)


























       Figure 1 - Number of Nosema      Figure 2 - Winter survival rate
       spores per bee in the spring     in the spring of 1994 after
       of 1994 after colonies were      colonies were treated with 
       treated with Fumadil (3+4),      Fumadil-B or wrapped or both
       wrapped (5+6), both (1+2) or     or neither.
       neither (7+8).
                               CALENDAR OF EVENTS
       JUNE         
       13           Eastcentral Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. in
                     basement   of   Montgomery  Hall,   Johnson   County
                     Fairgrounds, Iowa City
       16           Scott County Beekeeping Field Day 7:00 p.m. at Al
                     Gruber's beeyard, 1945 Wisconsin St. in Davenport.
       18           Central Iowa Beekeepers Dinner & Meeting 5:30 p.m. 
                     at Anson Park Shelter House in Marshalltown. 
                     Program at 6:30
       25           IHPA Board Mtg. 1:00 p.m. at Royal Cafe in Huxley.
       JULY
       13-15        Eastern Apicultural Society Annual Conference in
                    Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Contact Maryann Frazier
                    telephone: (814) 865-4621.

       23           IHPA/CIBA Summer Field Day at Riverside Church Camp,
                    Story City,  Iowa.   Contact Gordon Powell or Bob Cox
                    for further details.
       NOVEMBER     
       11-12        Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown.
                           WHAT TO DO ABOUT SWARMING
       (Reprinted from the Alaska newsletter - By Dr.  Clarence Collison,
       Mississippi State University)
          Swarming  is  an instinctive desire of  honeybees  to  increase
       their  numbers  by reproducing at the colony  level,  giving  them
       twice  the chance to survive.   While this behavior is  not  fully
       understood, several factors contribute to the swarming impulse.
          The  major  factor  is congestion in the brood  area  which  is
       related  to population size and availability of  space.   Swarming
       also  is  associated  with  the  production  and  distribution  of
       chemicals  secreted  by the queen.   When there is a  shortage  of
       these secretions (queen substance),  the bees make queen cells  in
       preparation for swarming or supercedure (a natural replacement  of
       an established queen by a daughter in the same hive).
          Swarming  also may be modified by the weather.   When  colonies
       are strong and developing, good weather following some bad weather
       seems  to  accentuate  the swarming  fever.   Other  factors  that
       contribute to swarming include poor ventilation,  a failing queen,
       heredity  and  an  imbalance  in the  makeup  of  the  worker  bee
       population.    Most  swarming  occurs  during  April  and  May  in
       Mississippi, and you need to check the colonies every 8 to 10 days
       during this season.  The presence of queen cells in the brood area
       is  the  first  indication the colony is  preparing  to  swarm  or
       supercede  its queen.   Swarm cells are commonly found on or  near
       the  bottom  bars  of the combs in  the  upper  brood  chamber(s). 
       Whereas supercedure queen cells are generally found on the face of
       the comb.
          To  check  quickly  for swarm cells,  tip back  the  top  brood
       chamber(s) and look up between the frames,  destroy all (unsealed)
       swarm  cells.   Unfortunately,  cutting  out  queen  cells  seldom
       prevents  swarming;  it  only delays it  since  the  bees  usually
       construct  more  cells in a few days.   Once the bees  succeed  in
       capping a queen cell, they are committed to swarming.
       (Tennessee Apiculture March-April 1991)
          I am not hard hearted--some of the time but I have a hard  time
       feeling  sorry for people who allow their bees to swarm when  they
       don't  watch their bees.   July is our usual swarming time.   This
       year the first swarm was reported June the 5th.   Caging the queen
       first  week  of July to prevent swarming won't work as  well  this
       year due to the fact that the bees are swarming early.  It will do
       the other jobs in to brood rearing, etc., that I write about.
          Cutting out queen cells--my way of saying it--it is a waste  of
       time.   Why?   Because even experienced beekeepers miss  them  and
       when  the bees have their jogging shoes on cutting out cells  will
       not stop them, just slow them down a few days.  Separate the brood
       from  the queen by an excluder and give an uppper  entrance.   Let
       them swarm but stay in the hive.

       FOR SALE:  queen excluders, Kelley 33-frame extractor,  sump tank,
       1"  pump,  Dadant Wax melter, Cowen uncapper,  2 - 3000 gal.  S.S.
       corn syrup tanks,  and more.  Call days (608) 568-7601 or evenings
       (608) 748-4706.
                                        
       ESPY APPOINTS NEW MEMBERS TO NATIONAL HONEY BOARD
          Mike  Espy,  U.S.  Secretary  of  Agriculture,   appointed  two
       producer members,  one exporter member and one cooperative  member
       as  well  as alternates for each position to  the  National  Honey
       Board.   The new members'  three-year terms commenced April 1  and
       expire on March 31, 1997.
          H. Binford Weaver, Navasota, Texas, was reappointed to serve as
       producer member representing Region 5 (Al, AR, LA, MS, MO, OK,  TN
       and TX).   Bobby E.  Coy, Jonesboro, Arkansas was appointed as the
       alternate for Weaver.
          Stephen  A.  Conlon,  Proctor,  W.V. was appointed to serve  as
       producer member representing Region 7 (CT, DL, DC, IL, IN, KY, ME,
       MA,  NH,  NJ,  NY, NC, OH, PA, RI, SC, VT, VA, and WV).   David E.
       Hackenberg,  Lewisburg,  PA  was appointed as  the  alternate  for
       Conlon.
          John (Doug) McGinnis,  Edgewater,  FL was appointed to serve as
       exporter member.  Robert E. Coyle, Bellevue, WA, a honey importer,
       was appointed as the alternate for McGinnis.
          Newly appointed members of the nominating committee are:  Jerry
       A.  Brown,  Haddam, KS; Glenn E. Davis, Blue Springs, MO;  Todd D.
       Larson,  Billings,  MT; Joann M. Olstrom, Reedsport,  OR;  Glen R.
       Wollman,  Parker,  SD; Donald J. Kohn, Withee, WI;  and Charles D.
       Hannum, Arlington, VA.
          Reappointed  for three terms on the nominations committee  are:
       Reg G. Wilbanks, Claxton, GA; Donald T. O'Neill, Baton Rouge,  LA;
       Jacob C.  DeKorne, Ellsworth, MI; Darl B. Stoller,  Latty,  OH and
       Stephen H. Dilley, Nashville, TN.

       FRANK PELLETT, APICULTURE PIONEER, REMEMBERED
          An excellent article about the Hyssop honey plant,  a member of
       the mint family, by Ayers and Widrlechner was published in the May
       1994  American Bee Journal.   In this article quite a  mention  of
       Frank  Pellett  was made with respect to his work  on  this  honey
       plant. The following is quoted from this article:
          "Because of his extensive writing on the subject, Frank Pellett
       (1879-1951),  more  than  anyone else, created  a  place  in  U.S.
       apicultural history for A. foeniculum (anise hyssop).  Mr. Pellett
       was a well respected apiculturist.  He was the Iowa State Apiarist
       between 1912 and 1917,  a Field Editor of the American Bee Journal
       for  many  years,  and  then  an  Associate  Editor  of  the  same
       publication, a position he held until the end of his life.  He was
       instrumental in the pioneering research on American foulbrood.  He
       initiated and operated the American Bee Journal's Honey Plant Test
       Gardens  at  Atlantic,  Iowa.   He  was  a  careful  observer  who
       published  books  on  the history of  American  beekeeping,  queen
       rearing,    practical   beekeeping,   horticulture,   botany   and
       ornithology (Anonymous,  1951), but he is probably most remembered
       by today's beekeepers for his magnum opus,  American Honey Plants,
       which he revised several times through his life (1920, 1923, 1930,
       and  1947).   His proclamations about bee forage in  general  (and
       anise   hyssop  in  particular)  demanded  the  respect   of   the
       apicultural industry."  (Anonymous. 1951. Frank Pellett 1879-1951.
       American Bee Journal 91:234-237).
                        1994 SUMMER BEEKEEPING FIELD DAY

              Iowa Honey Producers & Central Iowa Beekeepers Assn.
                                        
                              Saturday, July 23rd

                    Riverside Bible Camp, 3001 Riverside Rd.
                              Story City, IA 50248
                              Phone (515) 733-5271

       Meeting Pre-registration                     $4.00       $________
       (Deadline - July 16)
                                     At the door    $5.00       $________
       (No prepared meal available if not pre-registered)**

       Noon meal*  in air-conditioned bldg.         $5.75       $________
                      Through age 3   - No charge
         Children:    Ages 4 - 10 yrs - $3.00
                      Ages 11 and up  - full price

       *  Includes  soup,  salad,  BBQ  sandwich  &  chips,   bread/roll,
       coffee/milk/coolaid

       ** Picnic tables outside if you would rather bring your own lunch.


       1994 MEMBERSHIP DUES:
       Iowa Honey Producers Association             $5.00       $________

       Central Iowa Beekeepers Association          $4.00       $________

                                                        =================

                                                        TOTAL   $________


       MAKE CHECK PAYABLE TO:  IOWA HONEY PRODUCERS ASSN.

       SEND CHECK AND FORM TO:     Gordon Powell
                                   4012 - 54th St.
                                   Des Moines, IA 50310
                                   (515) 278-1762


       NAME______________________________________________________________

       ADDRESS:__________________________________________________________

       CITY:____________________STATE_________________ZIP________________

       PHONE(____)_______________________No. of colonies_________________

       4/05/94


From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Fri Feb 10 22:26:03 EST 1995
Article: 1284 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!news.uiowa.edu!blue.weeg.uiowa.edu!drone.weeg.uiowa.edu!terry-dahms
From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: May 94 'buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
Date: Thu, 9 Feb 1995 16:44:26
Organization: Weeg Computing Center
Lines: 427
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <terry-dahms.14.0010BE0E@uiowa.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: drone.weeg.uiowa.edu
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       sorry for the delay in posting.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                     THE BUZZ                     MAY, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       HANDLING BEE PROBLEM CALLS
          Spring  is the time when insects become active and some of  the
       insects   cause  people  problems.    Beekeepers,   pest   control
       operators, bee inspectors, county extension, ASCS, police and fire
       department  personnel may all receive telephone  calls  concerning
       "bees"  causing problems.  Many of these situations do not involve
       honey bees.
          Problems  range  from bees digging burrows in  the  garden,  to
       angry  hornets,  to a large scale honey bee hive spill  due  to  a
       truck wreck.   Your first job in fielding this type of call is  to
       determine,  as best as you can, if it is an emergency because bees
       are stinging people and what type of insect is involved.
          The best way, if it is an emergency or you are close by and you
       have the time, is to go over and check out the situation yourself. 
       However,  that  is  not  often  possible  and  you  should  gather
       information over the phone.  Ask about the location of the caller,
       the appearance of the insect, the number of insects,  the location
       of the bees'  activity or nest and the appearance of the nest,  if
       they can see it.
          If  there  has  been a highway accident with  honey  bee  hives
       spilled  out on the road,  call a fire department to come  to  the
       scene  with  water and hoses.   The fire department needs  to  add
       liquid soap or film forming foam to the water and spray bees  down
       with this solution.   A solution of at least 3% soap or foam  will
       knock bees down and kill them.  A fine spray is most affective for
       clearing the air of bees and making it safe to rescue victims from
       the wreckage.
          The  time  of the year will give you a clue as to the  type  of
       insect.   Generally  most  calls in the spring  and  early  summer
       involve swarms of honey bees. These may be either hanging from the
       limb  of  a tree or nesting inside a tree or inside  the  wall  or
       soffit  of a home or other building.   If their combs are  visible
       you will notice that they hang vertically.  About 3/4 of the calls
       that  come into the State Apiarists office here  involved  problem
       bees or wasps inside structures and the remainder are free hanging
       swarms of honey bees.
          The free hanging swarms (clusters) of bees that are low to  the
       ground (up to 10 feet) are valuable to some beekeepers, especially
       in  the month of May.   Most beekeepers do not feel that  removing
       colonies  of  bees from inside structures is a profitable  use  of
       time.   But occasionally,  there is a beekeeper who will remove  a
       colony of bees from a building for a fee.
          If  you determine that the caller has honey bees,  call one  of
       the beekeepers listed on the cover of THE BUZZ located nearest  to
       you  to obtain name of beekeeper in your local area.   The  county
       ASCS  office may also have names and phone numbers  of  beekeepers
       registered for pesticide notification in your county.
          Honey  bees do not often swarm after July.   Therefore most  of
       the calls in late summer and fall involve yellow jacket wasps  and
       hornets.   Hornets make a gray paper nest the shape of a  football
       that  hangs from the limb of a tree.   The nest  contains  several
       horizontally  stacked  paper  combs  connected  by  pedestals  and
       covered by several paper envelopes. An individual hornet is  black
       in appearance with white markings and is larger than a honey bee.
          Yellow  jackets range in size from smaller than a honey bee  to
       as  large  as a hornet and have bright yellow and  black  stripes. 
       Their  paper  nests are inside a structure like  honey  bees,  but
       unlike honey bees, some species may also nest underground.  If the
       nest  is visible,  you may see several layers of outside  covering
       like  the hornet nest and horizontal combs hanging by one or  more
       pedestals.  Some  of these colonies may  contain  several  hundred
       thousand individuals.   These insects are the ones that ruin  your
       picnics  in the late summer and fall.   They like anything  sweet:
       your  peanut butter and jelly sandwich,  soda pop or fruit.   They
       also eat insects and forage on car grills, eating the dead insects
       deposited there while driving.
          If  you  determine that the caller has yellow jacket  wasps  or
       hornets, it is best to refer them to local pest control operators.

       SUMMER BEEKEEPING FIELD DAY
          Saturday,  July 23rd the Iowa Honey Producers and Central  Iowa
       Beekeepers  Association  will hold a beekeeping field day  at  the
       Riverside Bible Camp near Story City, Iowa.   There is easy access
       to  the  camp which is located just 2 miles off of I-35  about  20
       miles north of Ames. Registration is at 8:30 a.m.  and the program
       will last until 4:00.
          The  University  of  Minnesota  Bee  Research  Laboratory  will
       present a program on queen management:  finding and evaluating the
       queen, queen selection, breeding, rearing methods, replacement and
       introduction methods.   Everyone attending will get a copy of  the
       new disease booklet published by the University of Minnesota.   We
       are planning on door prizes and honey-made snacks that you bring.
          The morning will start out with a walking tour of bee plants on
       the  grounds.   Breakout sessions in the  afternoon  will  include
       choices  of  Comb  Honey Production,  Pollen  Trapping,  Beginning
       Beekeeping,  or Bee Diseases and Pests.  We will finish up the day
       with a research update from the University of Minnesota and a "Hot
       Topics" question and answer session.
          The  camp  setting is a great place for  beekeepers  and  their
       families.   There  is  a beeyard with  a  screened-in  observation
       building  on the property.   Some of the talks and the  noon  meal
       will    be   held   in   an   air-conditioned   retreat    center. 
       Pre-registration  is required for a prepared meal or you may bring
       your own lunch and eat at picnic tables outside.
          For  more  information contact one of  the  committee  members: 
       Margaret Hala,  Leo Stattelman, Margaret Hala, Gordon Powell,  Jim
       Cherry or Bob Cox.
                                        
       TO DO IN THE BEEYARD
          SWARM  PREVENTION - Because the colonies that survived  are  so
       full of brood, you will need to split colonies,  equalize brood or
       make   two-queen  colonies  to  prevent  swarming   this   Spring. 
       Reversing  the  two  hive bodies when the top box  fills  up  with
       brood,   honey  and  bees  will  also  help  discourage  swarming.
       Prevention is the key!
       CAUTION:  Cutting out sealed queen cells may result in a queenless
       colony and will not usually stop swarming anyway; it's too late.
          MAKING INCREASE - Early in the month you can still make  splits
       to  replace  winter losses and increase the  number  of  colonies. 
       Make them a little larger now (e.g. 6-7 frames of brood).
          CHECK  FOR  VARROA & FOULBROOD - ignoring these will  not  make
       them go away.

       CALENDAR OF EVENTS
       MAY 7-8      Queen Rearing Short Course, University of Minnesota
                    St. Paul Campus, Call Dr. Spivak at (612) 624-2275.
       JUNE         
       11           IHPA Board Mtg. 1:00 p.m. at Royal Cafe in Huxley.
       13           Eastcentral Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. in
                    Montgomery  Hall,  Johnson County  Fairgrounds,  Iowa
       City
       18           Central Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 6:30 p.m. at Royal
                    Cafe in Huxley.
       JULY
       13-15        Eastern Apicultural Society Annual Conference in
                    Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Contact Maryann Frazier
                    telephone: (814) 865-4621.

       23           IHPA/CIBA Summer Field Day at Riverside Church Camp,
                    Story City,  Iowa.   Contact Gordon Powell or Bob Cox
                    for further details.
       NOVEMBER     
       11-12        Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown.

       NEW NHB HONEY RECIPE FOLDER
          A  new brochure (depicted on the front cover) published by  the
       National Honey Board teaches cooks how to "make magic in  minutes"
       with honey.  The three-color, eight panel brochure is a collection
       of  quick and easy tips for adding honey to  dressings,  desserts,
       drinks,  sauces and spreads.  Recipes vary from broiled bananas to
       lemonade to Dijon tarragon sauce.  As the brochure cover explains: 
       it's  easy  to drizzle,  to dabble, to sizzle,  to dazzle  --  use
       honey.  For a free sample of the "Make Magic in Minutes" brochure,
       send a self-addressed, stamped envelope to:   National Honey Board
       Magic, 421 - 21st Ave., Ste. 203, Longmont, CO 80501.   Quantities
       are available for 15 cents each.
       HAWKEYE SCIENCE FAIR AWARDS
          The  state-wide Hawkeye Science Fair was held April 8-9 at  the
       Merle Hay Mall in Des Moines.  Two science fair projects involving
       honey bees deserve special recognition.
          Carol Fassbinder,  7th grader of Valley-Elgin school,  had  the
       best honey bee project and received a $50.00 award.   In addition,
       she  placed 2nd overall in the 7th grade Biology division.   Carol
       studied  the  effect of treating for nosema disease  and  wrapping
       colonies on winter survival of honey bee colonies belonging to her
       family.   Carol is the daughter of commercial beekeepers  Bob  and
       Kathy  Fassbinder of Elgin,  Iowa.  A research article about  this
       project will appear in the June BUZZ.
          Kristin  Burgess,   10th  grader  from   Stuart-Menlo   school,
       received  a  $25 award for her interesting project  entitled  "The
       Smelling  Bee".   She obtained worker honey bees from  Ken  Lappe,
       beekeeper from Casey,  to test the bees'  preference for different
       fruit  odors.    She  constructed a simple  olfactometer  and  her
       testing  revealed that the bees most often preferred the pear  and
       least  often to the orange and the apple in between when  given  a
       choice.

       EASTERN APICULTURE SOCIETY SHORT COURSE AND CONFERENCE
          The  annual  EAS short course and conference will  be  held  in
       Lancaster, Pennsylvania July 11-15.  The short course will offer a
       choice  of beginning beekeeping or beekeeping as a  business  July
       11,  12 and the morning of the 13th.   The conference will be held
       during the balance of the week.   Other activities include a  tour
       of  Dutch Gold Honey packing business and Kitchen Kettle  Village,
       located in an Amish community.
          Speakers for the conference include:   Andrew Matheson  (IBRA),
       Jim Tew (USDA), William Towne, David Fletcher,  Clarence Collison,
       Cliff Sunflower,  and Theodor Cherbuliez;  Master Beekeeper & M.D.
       on Apitherapy.   Workshop highlights include presentations by  Kim
       Flottum on "Generating Good Public Relations for Your  Association
       or Business"  and "Writing the Perfect Newsletter,"  Tom McCormack
       on  marketing,  Dennis  Keeney on backyard  queen  rearing,  Cliff
       Sunflower  on developing effective school programs and much,  much
       more.
          For  more  information  on  the  conference  and  short  course
       including  a  registration form and copy of  the  program,  please
       contact:
               Joe Duffy                           Maryann Frazier
               309 Clivden Street       or         Dept. of Entomology
               Glenside, PA 19038                  501 ASI Bldg.
               (717) 885-1681                      Univ. Park, PA 16802
                                                   (814) 865-4621

       EAST CENTRAL IOWA BEEKEEPERS MEETING
          Monday  March  14 the East Central Iowa Beekeepers met  at  the
       Fairgrounds  in  Iowa City.   The 14 members present  reported  an
       average of 33% winter loss out of 186 hives collectively.
          An  announcement  was  made  about  Paul  Goossen  teaching   a
       beekeeping  class  at  the Amana Middle School  in  Middle  Amana.   
       This is an 8-week course taught through Kirkwood Community College
       and beginning April 9th at 9:00 - 11:00 a.m.
          Dave  Irwin  lead a discussion about participating  again  this
       year at the Johnson County Fair. It was the consensus of the group
       to  set up a table again with an observation bee hive if the  fair
       board will give permission and to hand out honey candy.
          Cleo   Troyer   brought  a  video  entitled   Controlling   Bee
       Emergencies  to show to the group.   The group watched  the  video
       which was produced for fire departments to instruct them on how to
       handle an overturned truck load of bee hives or nuisance colonies.
          The  evening ended with the members attempting to  assemble  an
       observation bee hive that President,  Terry Dahms,  had purchased. 
       The  next meeting meeting is scheduled for June 13th at 7:00  p.m.
       in  the  basement  of  Montgomery  Hall  at  the  Johnson   County
       Fairgrounds  in  Iowa City.   Anyone interested in  beekeeping  is
       invited.

       NEW UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA VARROA RESEARCH
          New  research  from The University of Georgia may  support  the
       notion  that secondary pathogens compound damage to  bee  colonies
       from  Varroa mites.   Experimental colonies infested  with  Varroa
       mites  were  treated  with  various  combinations  of   Terramycin
       antibiotic  and  Apistan miticide.  Each  product  increased  body
       weight   of  mature  hive  bees  of  mixed  ages.    Additionally,
       Terramycin increased body weight of newly-emerged bees.
          Reduced  body weight is one of the best documented  effects  of
       Varroa  mites on honey bees,  and low body weight is linked  to  a
       shortened lifespan.   Since Terramycin counteracted this  negative
       effect,  supplemental antibiotic treatments,  along  with  Apistan
       miticide, may optimize benefit to Varroa infested colonies.
       (from January 1994 APIS newsletter, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville)

       BAKERS WILL GET SWEET SURPRISE IN WELBILT BREAD MACHINES
          Purchasers  of Welbilt bread machines will soon get a bonus  --
       the  National  Honey  Board's "Breads &  Spreads"  brochure.   The
       brochure includes recipes for Honey Whole Wheat Bread,  Poppy Seed
       Loaf,  Dutch Dill Bread and Cajun Tomato Bread.  Honey spreads are
       highlighted  in  the brochure as delectable toppings  for  breads,
       muffins and rolls.  The Welbilt Corporation inserted the brochures
       in 100,000 of its bread machines.
          "I  tried  all  of  the recipes myself  and  the  results  were
       delicious"  said Mary Humann,  marketing director for the National
       Honey Board.   Humann added that the bread recipes were  developed
       especially for the Welbilt machines -- adjustments to the  recipes
       may be required when they are used with other machines.
          The  Honey  Board  has  a limited  quantity  of  bread  machine
       brochures available.   If you would like a free copy,  please send
       your request to:
             Bread Machine Brochure
             National Honey Board
             421 - 21st Ave., #203
             Longmont, CO 80501

                              HONEY BARBECUE SAUCE
                            1/2    cup minced onion
                              1    clove garlic, minced
                              1    tablespoon vegetable oil
                              1    can (8 oz.) tomato sauce
                            1/2    cup honey
                              2    tablespoons vinegar
                              2    tablespoons minced parsley
                              1    tablespoon Worcestershire sauce
                            1/4    teaspoon black pepper
                            1/8    teaspoon cayenne pepper

       Saute  onion  and  garlic in oil until  softened.   Add  remaining
       ingredients and bring to boil;  reduce heat and simmer 5  minutes. 
       Makes 1 cup.   Marinate beef, chicken or pork in sauce.   Brush on
       meat during barbecuing or broiling.

       Quick tip:   Add 1/4 cup honey to 1 cup of your favorite  prepared
       barbecue sauce.

                           HONEY HERB BARBECUE SAUCE
                            1/2    cup honey
                            1/2    cup minced onion
                            1/4    cup dry white wine
                              1    tablespoon   each  lemon   juice   and
                                    chopped fresh rosemary*
                              1    clove garlic, minced
                                   Salt and pepper to taste

       Combine  all  ingredients in saucepan and bring to  boil.   Reduce
       heat and simmer 5 minutes.  Makes 1 cup.   Marinate chicken pieces
       at  least  1/2 hour before barbecuing or broiling;  brush  chicken
       with sauce during cooking.

       *One teaspoon dried crushed rosemary may be substituted.


                              HONEY LIME MARINADE
                            3/4    cup honey
                            2/3    cup fresh lime juice
                              1    tablespoon grated fresh ginger root
                              2    teaspoons minced garlic

       Combine all ingredients;  mix well.   Makes 1-3/4 cups.   Marinate
       chicken  or  turkey cutlets at least 1/2 hour before  grilling  or
       broiling; brush cutlets with marinade during cooking.
       (Recipes courtesy of the National Honey Board)






       IOWA HONEY PRODUCERS BOARD MEETING NEWS
          The board of directors of the Iowa Honey Producers  Association
       met  March  12th in Cambridge.   Highlights  included  planning  a
       summer field day,  the decision to sell honey lemonade instead  of
       honey  ice cream this year at the Iowa State Fair and  selling  of
       the  new  National  Honey  Board's  honey  cookbook.    These  new
       cookbooks are available now through the mail and will be available
       at the Summer Field Day in July (see article elsewhere in BUZZ).
          John  Johnson asked for more help for staffing the  State  Fair
       Salesbooth again this year.   Note was also made that the Fair  is
       one week earlier than in recent years.  Bid sheets for honey sales
       will  be  published  in  the June BUZZ  newsletter  and  the  work
       schedule sign-up in the July issue.
          The next meeting of the board is scheduled for Saturday June 11
       at 1:00 at the Royal Cafe in Huxley.

       CLEO TROYER OF KALONA DIES

          Cleo  Troyer,  just  10 days shy of  his  70th  birthday,  died
       Tuesday,  April 19 at University of Iowa Hospitals in  Iowa  City. 
       Cleo had surgery for a brain tumor at the end of March and  seemed
       to be doing fine when he died suddenly.   His funeral was April 22
       at the Lower Deer Creek Mennonite Church near Kalona, where he was
       an active member.  The church is large and was packed with  family
       and friends.
          Cleo  was  a  long time beekeeper and was active  in  the  East
       Central  Iowa Beekeepers.  He will be remembered for the  help  he
       gave  to  us less experienced beekeepers and  his  enthusiasm  for
       beekeeping.   At past meetings he had demonstrated a  bee  removal
       vacuum he purchased,  a home-made video on beekeeping that starred
       himself, and at the March 14 meeting a video on bee emergencies he
       had purchased.  We will miss him. 
          For  a  combined total of 26 years he was either  on  the  City
       Council  or  mayor of Kalona.  In a Cedar Rapids  Gazette  article
       about Cleo,  a resident was quoted as saying Cleo knew where every
       line,  every  pipe  was  in Kalona,  along  with  the  history  of
       everything.  At  his funeral service, many were  wiping  eyes  and
       blowing noses.  The community of Kalona will dearly miss him too!
                                - Terry Dahms
                                  President, East Central Iowa Beekeepers

       FOR SALE:   Approx.  75 - 5 11/16"  honey supers with drawn  comb,
       fair condition $2.00 each.  Approx. 50 - 5 11/16"  honey supers w/
       and w/o frames and no comb, good condition $1.00 each.  Empty deep
       supers  (shells),  fair  condition $1.00  each.   Several  hundred
       unassembled 9 1/8" and 5 3/8" frames, grooved top bars.  Plus lots
       of misc. equipment.  Will sell cheap.  Great for a beginner.
       Call (712) 589-3606 in Braddyville, Iowa.

       FOR SALE:  CLOVER HONEY IN BARRELS OR PAILS.  
       CALL Lapp's Bee Supply Center.  1-800-321-1960


       WARNING!!
          The following warning was sent to Bob Cox, Iowa State Apiarist,
       by Mississippi's State Apiarist, Harry Fulton.  
          Russell Apiaries,  J.N.  Russell proprietor,  of Bolton,  MS is
       advertising  in  national bee magazines but is  not  certified  in
       Mississippi.   The  owner is refusing inspection.   Packages  from
       Russell  Apiaries  should not be purchased for  shipment  to  Iowa
       because it would be an illegal shipment.  Additionally, these bees
       may  be  carrying  diseases or parasites damaging  to  your  other
       colonies and your neighbor's.


                               A HONEY OF A VERSE

       "The sluggard will not plow by reason of the cold; therefore shall
       he beg in harvest, and have nothing." (Proverbs 20:4)

       It's time to be in the beeyard preparing your bees to make honey.




































From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Fri Feb 10 22:26:05 EST 1995
Article: 1285 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!newsfeed.pitt.edu!dsinc!ub!newserve!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: 2 questions
Date: Wed, 08 Feb 95 10:23:40 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 10
Message-ID: <1733F922FS86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <bird.30.2F2CE174@ace.acadiau.ca> <D3L2K8.LEG@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <D3L2K8.LEG@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
david macfawn <david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM> writes:
 
>
>There was a recent article in either Bee Culture or American Bee Journal on
>overwintering in buildings.  It was within the last 3-4 months so if you  find
>someone with past issues you can probably find the article.
>
It was American Bee Journal (not sure what issue).  I read the article and
I don't get Bee Culture, so process of elimination leave A.B.J.


From roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com Fri Feb 10 22:26:06 EST 1995
Article: 1286 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!newsserver.jvnc.net!rohvm1!roh033.mah48d
Nntp-Posting-Host: 136.141.220.39
Date: Fri, 10 Feb 1995 12:31:54 -0500
From: roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: world
Subject: Re: Honey solids???
Message-ID: <roh033.mah48d-100295122810@136.141.220.39>
References: <950206170608839@beenet.com>
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 33

In article <950206170608839@beenet.com>, andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy
Nachbaur) wrote:

>  Rvan@saucer.Cc.Umr.Edu (robert Van Leeuwen)refer#: None  wrote:

> >My wife bought some a honey-whole wheat bread mix (U just add water)
> >I looked at the ingredients and saw that it had more rice and soy flour
> >than wheat flour and the only ingredient that had ANYTHING to do with
> >honey was the very last one which said: honey solids.


>    Normally by law the ingredients are listed in descending order as
> to amounts of each. Few labels will list the actual amounts, but the
> new nutritional labels do help if your concern is in empty calories or
> fiber and fats. If a ingredient is not listed it can be assumed it does
> not contain that ingredient or is in violation of the US Federal Food
> Labeling Laws.
>
>    I just would not buy this product, and for sure read the label before
> purchase of any other. As a beekeeper I would do a little more and
> write the company and express my opinion at being ripped off by them.
> Also I would not hesitate to let others know what the brand name of
> the product was and who made it so the rest of us don't get ripped off.

If they're listing "honey solids" as an ingredient, chances are the FDA has
defined what it believes "honey solids" to be, and has permitted the use of
the term.  Probably the place to start is the FDA.  If they've mis-defined
something, we need to take the matter up with them.  If _they_ don't know
what "honey solids" are, then they probably should be the ones to contact
the manufacturer of the product listing them.

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)     |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
roh033.mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Fri Feb 10 22:26:07 EST 1995
Article: 1287 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!news.uiowa.edu!blue.weeg.uiowa.edu!drone.weeg.uiowa.edu!terry-dahms
From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Corrected post: July 94 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
Date: Fri, 10 Feb 1995 14:19:24
Organization: Weeg Computing Center
Lines: 428
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <terry-dahms.15.000E532E@uiowa.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: drone.weeg.uiowa.edu
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ps: sorry for the delay in posting.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                    THE BUZZ                     JULY, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                              PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE
       Dear Fellow Beekeepers,
          I think it is 1988,  but my age tells me it is 1994.   The bees
       up  until now look just like they did in 1988.   In April and  May
       the bees built up like they are suppose to do.   I think they look
       great.   Our queens were accepted just like they should be in  our
       new splits and even as we were requeening.   The bees were able to
       work  the dandelions this year,  as they haven't been able to  the
       past three to four years.   There was plenty of pollen and  nectar
       for them and the queens started laying real well.
          I  talked  to several other people that ordered two  and  three
       pound  packages  the middle of April, and the first of  June  were
       putting  on  honey supers.   The bees I have looked  at  the  post
       couple  of days were putting honey into the cells as fast  as  the
       brood  was hatching.   We have to be careful not let them plug  up
       their  brood chambers and crowd the queen out of laying space.   I
       feel that this can cause swarming.
          We  had a nice rain a few days ago,  maybe about two inches  or
       so.   This  should keep the flowers blooming for  the  bees.   The
       weather has been great this spring.  It's a refreshing change.
          Don't forget the Central Iowa/Iowa Honey Producers Field Day on
       July  23rd at the Riverside Bible Camp north of Story City.   This
       should be a fun day for the family.
          State Fair is just around the corner,  too.   It is not as  far
       off  as  it may seem.   Start planning to enter into  the  Apiary,
       Foods  made with Honey or Honey-Walnut Classic competition at  the
       fair this year.   There is great fun in doing this and prize money
       also.  An entry form for Apiary has been included on page 7.

       SCOTT COUNTY BEEKEEPERS ANNUAL PICNIC
          Sunday,  July  10th at 1:00 p.m.  the Scott  County  Beekeepers
       Association  will hold their annual picnic at the Duck Creek  Park
       Shelters on East Locust Street in Davenport,  Iowa.   A collection
       will  be  taken up to pay for fried chicken  catered  from  Riefes
       Restaurant.   You should bring a side dish,  salad or  dessert  to
       share and your own drink and table service.
          Come,  bring  a friend and compare notes on this  year's  honey
       crop.   Bring a small sample of liquid, creamed, or comb honey for
       others to taste.  Maybe this could be a time to make plans to take
       some of the best honey to the state fair in Des Moines in August.
       REMINDER TO ALL BEEKEEPING FAMILIES
          Help promote our favorite product--HONEY!   Bring your favorite
       honey-sweetened snack to the July 23rd Beekeeping Field Day at the 
       Riverside Bible Camp, Story City, Iowa.  Share a tasty honey treat
       with us.  See the program for the meeting on page 3.

                                         (insert Leo's signature)

       LAPLANDERS HONEY CONFERENCE
          Friday,  September  9th,  the Laplanders  Honey  Conference  of
       Southern Iowa and Northern Missouri will be held in Allerton, Iowa
       at the "Inn of the Six Toed Cat."   Dinner will be held at 6  p.m.
       and the program at 7 p.m.
          The  following day,  Saturday,  September 10th at 10  a.m.  the
       Honey-Walnut Classic will also be held at the "Inn"  in  Allerton. 
       Look for more details in next month's newsletter.

                               CALENDAR OF EVENTS
       JULY
       13-15        Eastern Apicultural Society Annual Conference in
                    Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Contact Maryann Frazier
                    telephone: (814) 865-4621.

       23           IHPA/CIBA Summer Field Day at Riverside Bible Camp,
                    Story City,  Iowa.   Contact Gordon Powell or Bob Cox
                    for further details.
       AUGUST
       11-21        Iowa State Fair Apiary Exhibit, 2nd Floor of
                    Agriculture Building.  Come see the best!

       SEPTEMBER - NATIONAL HONEY MONTH
       10-11        Laplanders Honey Conference 6:00 p.m. the 10th and
                    Honey Walnut Classic 10 a.m. the 11th both at the
                    Inn in Allerton, Iowa.

       NOVEMBER     
       11-12        Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown.

       WANTED:   Contact  with  beekeepers who  collect  and  market  Bee
       Pollen.  We are examining the nutritional qualities of pollen from
       various crops,  as well as seeking suitable quantities for use  in
       our Raw Food products. Contact Raja Tamaran, Vital Health Network,
       P.O. Box 570, Kealakekua, Hawaii 96750 phone: (808) 328-8052 
       FAX (808) 329-7651.
       FOR  SALE:   Dadant 4-frame stainless extractor with  motor  (will
       handle  8 shallow frames) - $250;  40 gal.  galvanized  tank  with
       2-inch gate - $50; 12 shallow supers with comb - $5.00 ea.; 7 deep
       supers with frames, 2 smokers, 2 bee veils, electric uncapper.  My
       beeyard was destroyed by fire.  Contact Don Kraus, Box 275, Britt,
       IA 50423 phone: 515-843-3133.
       FOR  SALE:   Dadant 4-frame s/s extractor.  Hand  crank  or  power
       drive.  $125 w/out the motor.  Call Phil Ebert in Lynnville,  Iowa
       515-527-2639.
       STATE APIARISTS REPORT
          Please sign up to help in the State Fair Honey Booth this year. 
       It's a great way to spend a part of a day.  (see sign-up on p. 6)
          The number of swarms this year must be at least double that  of
       last year.  I am running that far ahead on bee swarm calls here in
       my office.   I think this year has caught a lot of beekeepers  off
       guard  after  last year's slow and poor build  up.   You  couldn't
       hardly split your bees enough this spring.
          Stan Weiser told me of the following incident that  illustrates
       how  frustrated  he  became  with trying to  stop  a  colony  from
       swarming.  Stan had been reversing the hive bodies, making splits,
       and cutting unsealed swarms cells to prevent swarming of his dozen
       or  so colonies in his back yard near Adel.   Despite all this  he
       watched  one of his colonies swarm one morning a couple  of  weeks
       ago.  It landed in the top of an evergreen tree in his yard, about
       30 feet off the ground.   It made him so angry that he got out his
       20 gauge shot gun and shot the swarm out of the tree.   As soon as
       the swarm was hit,  it dropped to the ground like lead.   Then the
       bees  dusted themselves off and all went back into the  hive  from
       which they issued.  Believe it or not!  (Explanation? Stan figures
       that he killed the queen and the demoralized swarm simply returned
       home.)
          Field inspectors will be starting in July and August.   We  are
       delaying inspections in the early summer so that we can save hours
       to  inspect  more  next  spring.  I  have  been  inspecting  those
       requesting it,  mainly in central and eastern Iowa.   We will have
       the  same  inspectors as last year working in the  same  counties,
       with  the exception of Bob Wells, who retired last July  1st.   If
       you  would  like your bees inspected,  contact my  office  in  Des
       Moines.  (State Apiarist, Iowa Dept. of Agriculture, Wallace State
       Office Building, Des Moines, Iowa 50319  phone: 515-281-5736)
          Beekeepers who have treated their colonies with Apistan  strips
       have  been getting a clean bill of health with respect  to  Varroa
       mites.   So far this year the highest levels of Varroa mites  have
       been  found in bees where the beekeeper was not aware that he  had
       Varroa yet.  Plan on treating with Apistan as soon as the honey is
       harvested from your colonies to avoid losses due to Varroa  mites. 
       Check  any weak colonies for signs of American  foulbrood  disease
       (i.e.  sunken,  perforated,  greasy, darkened cappings over  brood
       with a "melted-down",  gooey, chocolate-brown mass underneath  the
       capping).   These must be dealt with promptly to avoid  spread  to
       neighboring healthy colonies.
          The beekeeping class taught at the Des Moines Botanical  Center
       will conclude this month with the final field trip to the  beeyard
       to harvest honey (hopefully) and extract some honey to take  home. 
       We will meet at the beeyard Saturday,  July 16th at 10:00 a.m.  so
       that we can get done before its too hot.
          Don't  forget the IHPA/CIBA Beekeeping Field Day July  23rd  at
       the Riverside Bible Camp near Story City.   It should be a fun day
       for all the family.   The meeting place is air-conditioned.   Save
       time and a dollar by preregistering now on the form on page 9.  We
       are really looking forward to Dr. Spivak's presentation as well as
       the rest of the program.
       A LAND OF MILK AND HONEY
             While driving through the Wisconsin countryside I saw a sign
       on  the  side of a barn with the slogan "Bee Udderly  Cool,  Drink
       Milk  and Eat Honey."   Many consumers today have an  even  better
       idea--eat honey-sweetened ice cream.  Ranking 8th in the nation in
       milk production and around 15th in honey production,  Iowa is also
       "A  Land  Flowing  with  Milk and Honey"  (Bible  -  Exodus  3:8). 
       Several  years  ago the Iowa Honey Producers Association  got  the
       idea  to sell a small serving of honey-sweetened ice cream at  the
       State Fair Salesbooth as a way of promoting this use of honey,  as
       well as the use of honey in general.  
             Several  other state beekeeping organizations in  the  upper
       Midwest were selling honey ice cream and thought it was a  winner. 
       For  example,  Nebraska Honey Producers were contracting with  the
       University of Nebraska for producing several flavors of honey  ice
       cream, both soft and hard.
             Nebraska  State Apiarist,  Marion Ellis,  offered to let  us
       purchase  some  of their mix, but transportation  during  the  hot
       summer  seemed a problem.   We then contacted several  large  Iowa
       Dairies about making us a small batch for our needs at State Fair.
       Anderson-Erickson (A-E) Dairy of Des Moines seemed to be the  most
       interested  and the most convenient because the State Fair is also
       located  in Des Moines.   In order to taste the honey  flavor,  we
       felt  it  was important to keep the flavors simple,  so  we  tried
       Honey-Vanilla  and Honey-Almond premium ice cream.   We  contacted
       the   National   Honey  Board  who  provided   technical   support
       (commercial recipes,  etc.).  The Iowa Honey Producers Association
       provided a nice light-colored,  mild-flavored clover honey for the
       manufacture of the ice cream.
             The  first  two years we sold out the 7000 servings  of  ice
       cream before the end of the Fair.  Many people said they loved the
       ice  cream  and asked where they could purchase more  of  it.   In
       fact, the second year we collected signatures on a petition asking
       A-E Dairy to offer this for sale in the local grocery stores.
             In  1992,  A-E  Dairy decided to  produce  honey  ice  cream
       commercially using Iowa Honey Producers Honey.  In spite of delays
       due  to  the new nutrition labelling  requirements,  Honey  Almond
       premium  all-natural ice cream will be available to super  markets
       in  their  marketing  area by July 1st according  to  David  Bush,
       general manager, A-E Farms, Inc.
             Additionally,  A-E  Dairy  is teaming up  with  Sioux  Honey
       Association of Sioux City,  Iowa in a joint venture to develop and
       market honey-sweetened light ice cream.  Test marketing will begin
       this summer according a June 1st Des Moines Register article.
             Honey-sweetened yogurt,  dairy spreads and juice blends  are
       also on the drawing board.  Initial ice cream flavors will include
       honey-vanilla,    chocolate,    oatmeal-raisin    cookie    dough,
       mint-chocolate truffle,  honey-almond and peanut-butter cup.   The
       product will be in pints in the "super premium" category.
             We hope that the proposed products will be a big success and
       that the promotional efforts will pay off in a greater consumption
       of  honey  in  our area, increased business  opportunities  and  a
       better image of honey by the public.
                        1994 SUMMER BEEKEEPING FIELD DAY

              Iowa Honey Producers & Central Iowa Beekeepers Assn.
                                        
                              Saturday, July 23rd

                    Riverside Bible Camp, 3001 Riverside Rd.
                              Story City, IA 50248
                              Phone (515) 733-5271

        8:30 a.m. Registration - $5.00 for individuals or family (at the
                   door)  Sign up for door prizes.
                  Preregistration (before July 16)  $4.00.

        9:00 a.m. Bee Pasture Walking Tour                   Jim Cherry

        9:45 a.m. COFFEE BREAK with honey-made snacks that you bring.
                   (door prizes)
       10:00 a.m. IHPA President's Welcome                 Leroy Kellogg

       10:05 a.m. CIBA President's Welcome                   Arvin Foell

       10:10 a.m. Queen management Lecture -            Dr. Marla Spivak

       11:00 a.m. Demonstration of Queen management in the beeyard

       12:00 M    LUNCH
                   (door prizes)
        1:00 p.m. Concurrent Sessions
                  A.  Beginning Beekeeping (beeyard)             Bob Cox
                  B.  Pollen trapping                         Jim Cherry

        1:45 p.m. Concurrent Sessions
                  A.  Beginning Bee Diseases & Pests             Bob Cox
                  B.  Comb Honey Production (beeyard)       John Johnson

        2:30 p.m. BREAK
                   (door prizes)
        2:45 p.m. Minnesota Research Update             Dr. Marla Spivak

        3:15 p.m. Hot Topics in Beekeeping             Panel of Speakers

        4:00 p.m. ADJOURN

       FARM AUCTION:   July 16th at 9:00 a.m.  at the Bob & Phyllis  Gott
       residence, RR 1, Box 72, west of Ollie, Iowa.  FOR SALE: s/s honey
       extractor,  s/s bottling tank, 2 large s/s tanks,  honey strainer,
       uncapping knife,  5 gal. plastic buckets, bee blower,  foundation,
       new frames in box and other misc. beekeeping and farm equipment.
       DIRECTIONS:   From Iowa Hwy.  78 turn north 2 miles west of  Ollie
       Jct.  at the Golden Furrow Fertilizer Plant.   Go 1 mile north and
       1/8  mile  west  to home on the south side of  the  road.   Follow
       "Auction" signs.  For more info. call Phyllis at 515-667-3611.
       FOR  SALE:   7  2-story bee hives plus misc.  equipment.   Contact
       Raymond and Jo Whitwood in Muscatine, Iowa at 319-263-0992.
       FOR  SALE:   Dadant Gasoline-powered bee  blower.   Contact  Edwin
       Richardson,  2103  E.  156th St.  South,  Grinnell  50112.   (515)
       236-6034.
       FOR SALE:  Moving--must liquidate bee operation. 175 2-story hives
       - $50 @; 350 Illinois supers - $6.50 @; 40 shallow supers - $40 @;
       honey crop from 175 colonies - $40 @;  60-70 deep boxes (some w  &
       some w/o frames) - $2 @; 40-50 shallow supers (some w & some w/out
       frames) - $1.50 @; 1 box deep foundation - $135;  2 boxes Illinois
       foundation  - $140 @;  1 box cut-comb foundation $140;  Dadant  20
       frame stainless extractor - $1600; stainless capping tank -  $200;
       50 gal. stainless holding tank; other misc. beekeeping equipment -
       $400 = $21,000 for Complete Bee Operation.   Contact Keith &  Gail
       Rhodes in Fairfield, Iowa (515) 469-6628.

                    PECAN HONEYBALLS (A.B.F. contest recipe)
          1 cup butter or margarine      1/2 teaspoon salt
          1/4 cup honey                  2 teaspoons vanilla
          2 cups sifted flour            2 cups finely chopped pecans

       Cream butter; add honey gradually; add flour, salt & vanilla. Mix
       well.  Add chopped nuts & mix well.  Form into very  small  balls.
       Place on greased cookie sheet and bake in 300  oven 40-45 minutes.
       Roll hot honeyballs in powdered sugar and repeat when cool.




























       OBSERVATION HIVES--A REAL LEARNING EXPERIENCE 
          During  my eight years experience as a beekeeper,  much of  the
       factual   knowledge   I've  gained  has   come   from   magazines,
       newsletters,  bee  meetings  and talking  with  other  beekeepers. 
       Recently I've added my observation hive to that list of sources of
       bee  information.   It has been a good learning experience for  me
       and can be for you if you decide to purchase or build one.
          In  my  small operation,  the observation hive gets  used  more
       every year.  It's been used for a demonstration in kindergarten, a
       children's  sermon at church,  at the Iowa State Fair,  two  craft
       shows,  and at Cattle Congress in Waterloo.   When at home,  it is
       found  by the window in the guest bedroom.   My wife and son  look
       forward  to it's appearance every year.   The glass-sided hive  is
       really valuable when retailing honey at a craft show, because it's
       a good attention getter.
          Observation  hives give the opportunity to watch bee  behavior. 
       Bees can be seen filling the cells with nectar,  depositing pollen
       and propolis,  feeding each other and taking care of the queen and
       brood.   The queen provides most of the excitement  by  depositing
       eggs in the brood nest.
          The Iowa State Fair is a place to "show-case" observation hives
       in  the apiary division.   This year's fair is August 11-21.   The
       rules  for this class state that the observation hive must have  a
       standard size frame on the bottom for brood and a shallow frame or
       comb  honey  section frame above,  with bees and a  marked  queen. 
       Observation  hives must be built with adequate ventilation or  the
       bees  will  overheat  and  die in the  Ag  building  with  no  air
       conditioning.   They must also have a closeable opening  to  allow
       the bees to exit the hive.
          Extra prize money is available for the first 15 places in  this
       class at state fair.   If you need assistance or plans to build an
       observation hive, I would be happy to assist you.
       (from  Summer  1994  Central  Iowa Beelines  and  written  by  Tim
       Laughlin)

       HONEY BEES AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION
          Several  recent  discussions across Internet  computer  network
       about bee-collected propolis and pollen have concluded that  honey
       bees are excellent samplers of their environment.   This has  both
       good  and  bad aspects according to one of the  pioneers  in  this
       field,  Dr.  Jerry Bromenshenk, University of Montana.  Here are a
       couple  of  his "take home" messages concerning these  insects  as
       environmental monitors as they appeared in May Apis newsletter:
       1. Honey  bees  serve  as multi-media samplers  that  average  the
       concentrations of pollutants over time and throughout large areas. 
       Bees   sample  contaminants  in  all  forms  -  gaseous,   liquid,
       particulate  - and can detect chemicals in their  surroundings  at
       levels often difficult,  if not impossible,  to detect using  more
       conventional approaches - i.e. instrumentation.
       2. Most  of  the  contamination  (at least  as  indicated  by  the
       concentrations measured) ends up in the bees themselves and in the
       pollen.   Some  chemicals concentrate in  wax.   Generally,  honey
       seems to be less contaminated than pollen, bees, or wax.
                       1994 IOWA STATE FAIR WORK SCHEDULE

        Please  indicate the day(s) and time(s) that you are  willing  to
        work by writing your name(s).  Also,  fill in your name,  address
        and phone number at the bottom of the page.

        THURSDAY, AUGUST 11              TUESDAY, AUGUST 16
        9:00-1:30____________________    9:00-1:30____________________
        1:30-6:00____________________    1:30-6:00____________________
        6:00-9:00____________________    6:00-9:00____________________
        10:00-2pm____________________    10:00-2pm____________________
                 (Handing out samples)            (Handing out samples)

        FRIDAY, AUGUST 12                WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 17
        9:00-1:30____________________    9:00-1:30____________________
        1:30-6:00____________________    1:30-6:00____________________
        6:00-9:00____________________    6:00-9:00____________________
        10:00-2pm____________________    10:00-2pm____________________
                 (Handing out samples)            (Handing out samples)

        SATURDAY, AUGUST 13              THURSDAY, AUGUST 18
        9:00-1:30____________________    9:00-1:30____________________
        1:30-6:00____________________    1:30-6:00____________________
        6:00-9:00____________________    6:00-9:00____________________
        10:00-2pm____________________    10:00-2pm____________________
                 (Handing out samples)            (Handing out samples)

        SUNDAY, AUGUST 14                FRIDAY, AUGUST 19
        9:00-1:30____________________    9:00-1:30____________________
        1:30-6:00____________________    1:30-6:00____________________
        6:00-9:00____________________    6:00-9:00____________________
        10:00-2pm____________________    10:00-2pm____________________
                 (Handing out samples)            (Handing out samples)

        MONDAY, AUGUST 15                SATURDAY, AUGUST 20
        9:00-1:30____________________    9:00-1:30____________________
        1:30-6:00____________________    1:30-6:00____________________
        6:00-9:00____________________    6:00-9:00____________________
        10:00-2pm____________________    10:00-2pm____________________
                 (Handing out samples)            (Handing out samples)

        NAME:________________________    SUNDAY, AUGUST 21
                                         9:00-1:30____________________
        ADDRESS______________________    1:30-7:00____________________
                                         10:00-2pm____________________
        _____________________________             (Handing out samples)

        PHONE(_____)_________________

                                         RETURN TO:
                                         W. John Johnson
                                         RR 4, Squaw Valley
                                         Ames, IA 50010


From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Fri Feb 10 22:26:09 EST 1995
Article: 1288 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Corrected post: Sept. 94 "Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
Date: Fri, 10 Feb 1995 14:22:06
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       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ps: sorry for the delay in posting.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                  THE BUZZ                     SEPTEMBER, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       STATE APIARIST REPORT
          The 1994 Iowa State Fair has come and gone.  It was a good year
       in some ways.  We are hopeful that when all expenses are paid that
       the honey booth netted a good profit for the association.  The new
       honey lemonade sold well.  There were many requests for the  honey
       ice cream at state fair.   It would be great to sell both lemonade
       and ice cream products next year.   However,  unless we have  more
       help in the salesbooth we can't handle selling both products.   We
       owe  a large debt of thanks to John Johnson for doing a great  job
       of  managing  the  honey salesbooth again this year.   A  list  of
       people who helped at the fair are listed on page 2.   I  apologize
       for any names that may have been left off the list.
          Also new at the fair this year were "Bee Popsickles"  which are
       one-inch  square  pieces  of comb honey sold  for  a  quarter.   I
       believe  over  6000 popsickles were sold.   What a  great  way  to
       promote  comb honey.   In general,  this was a good year for  comb
       honey  production  in  Iowa,  although I know  some  of  you  have
       expressed  frustration in trying to produce it this year  at  your
       particular location.
          The  quality of products entered in the competition  was  good,
       but  the  number of entries were at an all time low for  the  last
       five years.   Tim Laughlin ran away with the highest dollar amount
       for total premiums at the fair.  Results are listed on page 3.
          Varroa  mites have been found in so many apiaries  this  summer
       that its time to recommend that everyone treat their colonies this
       fall, unless your bees have been tested and are free of the Varroa
       mite.   The  only  product that is legal to use in  bee  hives  is
       Apistan plastic strips.   Many beekeepers have used other products
       in their hives and the results are variable.  In addition to being
       illegal,  many "homemade"  chemical treatments are not effectively
       controlling the Varroa mites.
          It  is  best  for  all  beekeepers  in  an  area  to  treat  at
       approximately the same time.   All treatments should be  initiated
       by October 15th.    Varroa mites will spread quite readily from  a
       highly infested apiary to a nearby clean apiary,  negating some of
       the good effect of the mite treatment in the clean apiary.
          Beekeepers planning on moving bees out of state should  contact
       me  by  mail  or  at  (515)  281-5736  to  request  an  Inspection
       Certificate.   These Certificates cannot be sent unless I have all
       the information required on the form.  Please notify me ASAP.
       THANKS TO THE FOLLOWING PEOPLE WHO HELPED AT STATE FAIR:

       Merlynn Sorrenson               Lloyd Crim
       Bill, John & Betsy Van Roekel   Earl Eidbo
       Ray & David Tull                Peter Coyle
       Cheryl & Melissa Cramer         Tom Scott
       Ron Wehr                        Charles & Adelaide Carpenter
       David Tousain                   Herman Bickle
       Tim Laughlin                    Fred Terfehn
       Wendell Schmidt                 Harry & Sandra Hunter, Tabatha
       Margaret & Bernie Hala          Gordon & Bev Powell
       Kris Kohl                       Phyllis Gott
       Cynthia Hyde                    Elsworth & Nancy Gustafson
       Phil Ebert                      Tom Duffy
       Randy Bronnenberg               Ron Schweppe
       Paul & Hildegard Goossen        John & Elaine Johnson
       Kent Johnson                    Jenifer Scott & Nancy
       Dave Carleton                   Emily Abbott
       Matt & Patty Stewart            Mary Hays
       Arvin, Katy & Andy Foell        Leroy & Lynette Kellogg
       Jesse Kellogg                   Shane Kellogg
       Bob & Diane Mitchell            Maxine Burns
       Mike O'Hearn                    Bill Eickholt
       Tom & LuAnn Schuster

       Yellow jacket wasps 
          The  yellow  jacket  wasps  have  really  made  a  nuisance  of
       themselves  this summer.   I've had three times as many  calls  on
       nuisance  "bees"  this year as last year when  I  started  keeping
       track  of the number.  ISU Entomologist,  Donald Lewis had a  nice
       article  published  in the Des Moines Register  about  the  yellow
       jacket wasp.   However,  he said that the calls haven't slowed any
       since the article came out.
          People  simply  cannot tell the difference between  the  yellow
       jacket  (usually  called a "sweat bee"  or "ground bee")  and  the
       honey bee.  Many people also think that a hornet's nest hanging in
       a  tree contains honey bees.   What people really want is  a  free
       pest control service.  I'm sure many of you have gotten calls also
       if you let people know that you are a beekeeper.
          In  spring  and early summer most bee calls involve  swarms  of
       honey bees,  whereas most bee calls this time of the year  involve
       Eastern or German yellowjacket wasp and Baldfaced Hornet nests  in
       the ground, wall or foundation of house or hanging in a tree.  
          These   insects  all  build  a  paper  nest  constructed   from
       masticated wood or other plant fibers mixed with saliva to make  a
       kind  of  paper mache'  material.   The inside of  the  nests  are
       composed  of  horizontal paper sheets of cells stacked on  top  of
       each  other.   This stack of paper combs is covered  with  several
       envelopes of the same paper material.
          These wasps are scavengers,  eating animal and insect flesh  as
       well as sweets.  At state fair you see honey bees and wasps at the
       soda pop stands,  but mostly wasps in the garbage cans where  they
       forage on turkey legs and other meat scraps found there.  
                           1994 IOWA STATE FAIR RESULTS

       Cut Comb in Plastic Box         White Extracted Honey
       1st Place Margaret Hala         1st Place Fred Terfehn
       2nd Place Philip Ebert          2nd Place Tim Laughlin
       3rd Place W. John Johnson       3rd Place Cynthia Hyde
       4th Place Tim Laughlin          4th Place Ronald Wehr
       5th Place Melissa Laughlin      5th Place Herman Bickle
       6th PLace Charles Hoehnle       6th Place Melissa Laughlin

       Frame of Extracting Honey       Empty Frame
       1st Place David Tull            1st Place Margaret Hala
       2nd Place Fred Terfehn          2nd Place Melissa Laughlin
       3rd Place Tim Laughlin          3rd Place Matthew Stewart
       4th Place Margaret Hala         4th Place Tim Laughlin
       5th Place Melissa Laughlin      5th Place Fred Terfehn
       6th Place Charles Hoehnle

       Amber Extracted Honey           Plain Creamed Honey
       1st Place Herman Bickle         1st Place Fred Terfehn
       2nd Place Tim Laughlin          2nd Place Tim Laughlin
       3rd Place Stanley Weiser        3rd Place Herman Bickle
       4th Place David Tull            4th Place Melissa Laughlin

       Block of Beeswax                Beeswax Art (poured-mold)
       1st Place Tim Laughlin          1st Place Tim Laughlin
       2nd Place Herman Bickle         2nd Place Herman Bickle
       3rd Place Matthew Stewart       3rd Place Melissa Laughlin

       Flavored Creamed Honey          Observation Hive
       1st Place Tim Laughlin          1st Place Margaret Hala
       2nd Place Fred Terfehn          2nd Place Tim Laughlin
       3rd Place Melissa Laughlin      3rd Place Fred Terfehn

       Round Comb Honey                Square Section Comb Honey
       1st Place Adam Fuller           1st Place Stan Weiser
       2nd Place David Tull            2nd Place David Tull
                                               
       Beeswax Candles                 Window Display
       1st Place Herman Bickle         1st Place Tim Laughlin
       2nd Place Tim Laughlin          
       3rd Place Melissa Laughlin       
                                                       Number of
                                                       Blue Ribbons
       Sweepstakes Plaque Winner - Tim Laughlin   $242       4
       1st runnerup - Fred Terfehn                $101       2
       2nd runnerup - Herman Bickle               $ 91       2
       3rd runnerup - Melissa Laughlin            $ 87       0
                      Margaret Hala                          3
                      Adam Fuller                            1
                      Stan Weiser                            1
                      David Tull                             1

       "STICK UP" FOR HONEY!
          "Honey,  I Love You"  stickers featuring the lovable honey bear
       logo  are sporting a new,  bright look.   The 1 1/2-inch  diameter
       stickers are bright yellow with the logo and the message "Honey, I
       Love You" printed in black.
          Stickers are great for kids and adults!   They can be used  for
       lapels,   on   printed  promotional  material  or   on   a   honey
       point-of-purchase  display.  (Stickers may not be  used  on  honey
       product containers.)
          Stickers   are  packaged  1,000  per  roll.    Each   roll   is
       shrink-wrapped.  The minimum order for stickers is one roll.  Cost
       per  roll is $9 for one roll;  $8 each for two to four  rolls;  $7
       each for five or more rolls.
          Send a check with your order to National Honey Board,  421 21st
       Ave., Ste. 203, Longmont, CO 80501.

       LAPLANDERS HONEY CONFERENCE
          Friday,  September  9th,  the Laplanders  Honey  Conference  of
       southern Iowa and northern Missouri will be held in Allerton, Iowa
       at the Inn of the Six Toed Cat.  Dinner will be at 6 p.m.  and the
       program at 7 p.m.  The theme for the conference will be "The Honey
       Market:  What's Out There?"   The guest speakers for  the  evening
       will be the 1994 American Honey Queen, Lisa Terry from Northfield,
       Minnesota.   Joining  her is Leon Metz,  honey packer  from  Hazel
       Green, Wisconsin.
          Do join us for dinner and for this timely program.  For further
       details and reservations contact:  Ann Garber at (515) 872-2119 by
       Tuesday, September 6th.
          The fourth annual Honey Walnut Classic,  a honey foods contest,
       will  be held the following day,  Saturday,  September 10th at  10
       a.m.  on  the east portico of the Inn in Allerton.   This  popular
       event honors the Historic Iowa-Missouri Honey War, 1838-1841.
          Come and support honey marketing. Participate in the Laplanders
       Honey Conference and in the Honey Walnut Classic.
          Dinner  is $10 including gratuity with a cash bar.   RSVP:  Ann
       Garber (515) 872-2119 or (515) 872-2142.

       IHPA ANNUAL MEETING
          Don't  miss  the  annual meeting of the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Association  which will be held November 11 and 12 at the  Regency
       Inn,  in Marshalltown.   This year the annual business meeting  is
       scheduled  for  Friday afternoon and a wonderful banquet  meal  is
       planned for Friday evening.  Our keynote speaker this year will be
       Dr. Bill Wilson from the USDA Weslaco Bee Laboratory. 
          Other  speakers planned are Gary Reuter from the University  of
       Minnesota  Bee  Lab,  Iowa's Secretary  of  Agriculture,  Dale  M.
       Cochran,  ABJ  Editor,  Joe Graham,  IHPA  past  presidents,  Paul
       Goossen,  W. John Johnson and others not yet nailed down.   Topics
       include:  Current Research Projects at the Weslaco  and  Minnesota
       Bee Labs, Comb Honey Production, Pollination of Iowa Crops,  State
       Apiarist's Report, Handling Beeswax, and Local area crop reports.  
          Contact   Bob  Cox,   State  Apiarist,   Iowa   Department   of
       Agriculture, Des Moines, IA (515) 281-5736 for more details.
                                 IN THE BEEYARD

       1. Remove  honey  supers from colonies.  Any honey stored  by  the
       bees will help the colonies prepare for winter.
       2. Extract honey from supers if moisture level is low enough.  The
       moisture  content  of  the honey must be 18.5% or  less  to  avoid
       fermentation and spoilage.   If honey is too watery,  dry honey in
       the comb by running a dehumidifier and fan for several days.
       3. Feed  any  lightweight colonies if they have  less  than  60-80
       pounds  of  stored  honey  (total  hive  weight  150-170  pounds). 
       Colonies  should  be fed a thick syrup (2 parts sugar/1  part  hot
       water or HFCS) or frames of honey saved back.
       4. Medicate  colonies for  disease/parasite  prevention/treatment. 
       Treatment with Terramycin dust or vegetable shortening formulation
       for  American  Fouldbrood Disease and Apistan plastic  strips  for
       Varroa mite control are a must this fall.   The earlier you  treat
       the  better.   A  clean  cycle of  brood  before  winter  is  very
       important for good winter survival. Fumadil-B added to syrup  feed
       and menthol treatment early this fall may also benefit colonies in
       dealing with other parasites.
       5. Plan  for  weatherizing  bee hives.  Decide  on  what  kind  of
       physical  protection you will give your colonies next  month  when
       the weather turns cold.

       WINGBEAT COUNTER FINGERS INVADING BEES
          Africanized  honey  bees in Central America  beat  their  wings
       faster than domestic European bees in Arizona.   That  difference,
       thinks an Agricultural Research Service entomologist, may be a way
       to tell the two apart.
          The  current test to verify that bees are Africanized  requires
       capturing  specimens  and  shipping  them  to  state  and  federal
       laboratories.   There,  experts measure minute differences in body
       part sizes.
          Identification  by  wingbeat frequency could prove  faster  and
       cheaper  and--best  of all--wouldn't require  handling  bees  that
       might suddenly mount an attack.
          So Hayward G.  Spangler tape-recorded the wingbeat frequency of
       Africanized  honey  bees that he encountered during two  trips  to
       Costa  Rica.   He  compared these recordings  to  others  made  by
       European  at  the Carl Hayden Bee Research Laboratory  in  Tuscon,
       Arizona.
          "Costa  Rican  bees  that were foraging for  nectar  or  flying
       toward  and away from their hives had a higher wingbeat  frequency
       than Arizonan bees."
          Spangler   thinks  these  findings  could  aid   engineers   in
       developing  an  affordable  device to help  track  the  spread  of
       Africanized  bees.   The detector would help identify  potentially
       dangerous honey bee colonies near schools and playgrounds so  they
       could  be removed.--By Dennis Senft,  USDA  Agricultural  Research
       Magazine

       ARICANIZED BEE UPDATE
          Africanized bees have caused quite a stir in Arizona and  Texas
       recently.   Approximately  17  people were stung  by  a  swarm  of
       Africanized  honey bees in an apartment complex in  East  Phoenix,
       Arizona  on  July 6th.   Three people required  medical  care  and
       recovered.
          A  man in Robstown,  Texas was stung an estimated  1,000  times
       recently according to a NASDA newsletter article by Barb Spangler.
          "A  man was 'covered head to toe'  by 4,000 bees  while  mowing
       grass and was stung an estimated 1,000 times.   The culprits  were
       believed to be the so-called 'killer' bees.   Five people involved
       in  the ensuing chaos were also stung,  including a nurse  in  the
       emergency room where the man was taken.
          Rescue  crews found the man lying by the road,  awash in  bees,
       covering his face.   'He was covered head to toe,'  said  Robstown
       Fire Chief Julio Flores. 'It was like a horror movie.'
          Another  helper who was stung was firefighter Ernest  Gallegos,
       who  was  trying to start a water pump to spray the  bees.   'It's
       like  someone  coming after you with a knife or a  gun'  he  said. 
       'You run for your life.'"

                               CALENDAR OF EVENTS
       SEPTEMBER - NATIONAL HONEY MONTH
       9-10         Laplanders Honey Conference 6:00 p.m. the 10th and
                    Honey Walnut Classic 10 a.m. the 11th both at the
                    Inn in Allerton, Iowa.

       12           Eastcentral Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. in
                    basement of Montgomery Hall, Johnson County
                    Fairgrounds, Iowa City

       15           Scott County Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. at Riefes
                    Restaurant, Locust St., Davenport.

       17           Central Iowa Beekeepers Meeting at Royal Cafe in
                    Huxley.  Buffet dinner at 5:30 p.m., Business Meeting
                    6:30 p.m. and Program at 7:30 p.m. (We will try again
                    to show the Bee Emergency Video.)

       NOVEMBER     
       11-12        Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown.

       FOR SALE:  6 hives of bees plus a 2-frame S/S Dadant extractor.
       Contact John Nichols in Bussey, Iowa at (515) 943-2305.
       FOR SALE:  55-gallon drums $6.00 each; 20 or more $5.00 each.
       Call Harry Hunter in Des Moines at (515)266-1984.
       FOR SALE:   A.I. Root L-50 galvanized 50-frame extractor,  Woodman
       sump and vane type pump unit, steam Generator, capping melter with
       boiler  plate tank,  100-gal.  round galvanized holding tank  with
       2-inch  gate,   360-lb.  capacity  liquifying  tank  with  2500  W
       immersion  heater  on casters,  Armitser bee  blower,  Ecdahl  S/S
       bottling unit.   Contact:  Cliff Hartenhoff,  2301 So.  11th  St.,
       Council Bluffs, Iowa 51501.
       FOR SALE:  100-gal. S/S bulk milk tank $100. 
       Call (515) 459-2208 in Bloomfield, Iowa.
       HONEY BOARD ANNOUNCES WINNING HONEY RECIPES
          The  National Honey Board has selected the winner of  the  1994
       recipe  contest  that  was  held  in  association  with   Hadassah
       magazine.   Hadassah is a national organization for  Jewish  women
       and the contest celebrates the long tradition of honey and  Jewish
       cooking.
          Honey's pure, golden sweetness has always been highly valued by
       Jewish cooks,  especially during Rosh Hashanna -- the beginning of
       the Jewish new year in September.   Honey symbolizes the hope  for
       sweetness and joy in the coming year.
          Over  177 recipes from Hadassah chapter members were  submitted
       for the National Honey Board contest.  Gail's Meatless Pasta Sauce
       recipe submitted by Kim Libin of La Jolla,  California took second
       place and is printed below.



       GAILS MEATLESS PASTA SAUCE

          1  medium onion, diced
        1-2  tablespoons vegetable oil
          1  can (29oz.) tomato sauce
          1  can stewed tomatoes
        3-4  cloves garlic, crushed
        1/3  cup honey
          1  teaspoon rosemary
        1/2  teaspoon each
              basil,thyme, fennel.
        1/4  teaspoon each black
              and red pepper
       2/3   head cauliflower, cut
              into bite-size pieces
          1  medium zucchini, sliced
          1  medium yellow squash,
              sliced
             Hot cooked pasta

       Saute'   onion  in  oil   until
       softened in large saucepan. Add
       tomotoe sauce, stewed tomatoes,
       garlic,  honey and  seasonings.
       Bring  to boil; simmer 5  mins.
       Add vegetables and simmer 5  to
       10 minutes or until  vegetables
       reach desired degree of tender-
       ness.  Serve over pasta.  Makes
       6 servings.

       Tip:  Any combination of  fresh
       or  frozen  vegetables  may  be
       used in this recipe.


From christer.seltorp@posnet.co.uk Fri Feb 10 22:26:10 EST 1995
Article: 1289 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!penny.ibmpcug.co.uk!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!posnet!christer.seltorp
From: christer.seltorp@posnet.co.uk (Christer Seltorp)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Honey Punch
Date: Thu,  9 Feb 1995 12:04:44 GMT
Message-ID: <950210230006156@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 47        

On (01 Feb 95) Adam Finkelstein wrote to All...

Hi!

 AF> Path:
ibmpcug!penny.ibmpcug.co.uk!pipex!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!news
 AF> spr
 AF> From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
 AF> Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
 AF> Subject: Re: Honey Punch
 AF> Date: 1 Feb 1995 21:56:38 GMT

 AF> Christer Seltorp <christer.seltorp@posnet.co.uk> wrote:
 >I have tryed it but I am not satisfied with it.
 >
 >After a short while the Hackler Honey Punch get filled with
 >wax from the frame. You have to clean it often in hot water.
 >
 >Thats my experience with it.
 >
 >Or does anyone know if you have to use some special trick
 >to get it working???????
 >
 AF> Okay. Please. What does this thing do?
 AF> Adam

It is many small disks that form a roller with sharp edges around the
circumference. The sharp edges punch a hole in every cell
in the frame. After that you can extract it.

The problem for me is that after a few (3-5) frames the
hole roller is filled with wax and not a single egde is
pertruding the surface of the roller and thus it has
stopped working unless you clean it in hot water.

Greetings

Christer
 

... BiBeBeeS the leading BBS in Europe of beekeeping matters

--- PPoint 1.86
 * Origin: PointSemin (240:246/3)


From stig.svensson@posnet.co.uk Fri Feb 10 22:26:11 EST 1995
Article: 1290 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!penny.ibmpcug.co.uk!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!posnet!stig.svensson
From: stig.svensson@posnet.co.uk (Stig Svensson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Honey Punch
Date: Thu,  9 Feb 1995 21:56:58 GMT
Message-ID: <950210230006157@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 40        

On (09 Feb 95) Christer Seltorp wrote to Adam Finkelstein...

 CS> On (01 Feb 95) Adam Finkelstein wrote to All...
 AF> Subject: Re: Honey Punch
 AF> Date: 1 Feb 1995 21:56:38 GMT

 AF> Christer Seltorp <christer.seltorp@posnet.co.uk> wrote:
 >I have tryed it but I am not satisfied with it.
 >
 >After a short while the Hackler Honey Punch get filled with
 >wax from the frame. You have to clean it often in hot water.
 >
 CS> It is many small disks that form a roller with sharp edges around the
 CS> circumference. The sharp edges punch a hole in every cell
 CS> in the frame. After that you can extract it.

 CS> The problem for me is that after a few (3-5) frames the
 CS> hole roller is filled with wax and not a single egde is
 CS> pertruding the surface of the roller and thus it has
 CS> stopped working unless you clean it in hot water.

Hi!

I am sure that it is that You clean the roller with hot water that makes
it this bad. The wax will melt and stick to the roller, and then the
roller will be filled with wax much faster.

How well the Hackler Honey Punch will work depends a lot of the type of
honey You have. If the honey is "sticky" (most Swedish honey are) then
the roller blocks up very fast. With honey from rapeseed the roller works
better.

Greatings
Stig

--- PPoint 1.90
 * Origin: LenPoint (240:246/36)


From pamschel@interserv.com Mon Feb 13 23:58:50 EST 1995
Article: 1291 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!news.interserv.net!usenet
From: pamschel@interserv.com
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bee stings are worth it
Date: 11 Feb 1995 07:59:41 GMT
Organization: NovX InterServ News Service
Lines: 5
Message-ID: <3hhqpd$p74@data.interserv.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: stk5_p9.sprint.dialup.net
X-Newsreader: AIR News 3.X (SPRY, Inc.)

Yes, but beekeeping is the most fun,. How awe inspiring to have a cloud of bees hovering over
you as you are robbing their honey or trying to give them more room or ljust looking at them all
over the comb. It is worth the stings.




From BBWV31A@prodigy.com Mon Feb 13 23:58:51 EST 1995
Article: 1292 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!prodigy.com!usenet
From: BBWV31A@prodigy.com (Brian bohdan James)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Making Foundations
Date: 11 Feb 1995 13:43:45 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
Lines: 16
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3hieuh$st4@usenetw1.news.prodigy.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: inugap4.news.prodigy.com
X-Newsreader: Version 1.2

For a number of years I have been supplying a family in Southern Ukraine
with Tetracycline, Apistan (for Varroa mite) and beeswax foundations.
Thanks to the medication they have had excellent results and want to 
set up more hives. The problem is that the wax foundations are expensive
and difficult to ship.

My question is, does anyone know where I can find a foundation mold.
They have plenty of wax, I have a solar wax melter and all we need is
a way to form the sheets.

Foundations use to be available in, but thanks to the economic
condition in the country foundations are no longer being produced in
Zaporizhzhe Oblist in Southern Ukraine.

Regards - Brian James 



From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Mon Feb 13 23:58:54 EST 1995
Article: 1293 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!uunet!news.uiowa.edu!blue.weeg.uiowa.edu!drone.weeg.uiowa.edu!terry-dahms
From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Jan. 95 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers State Newsletter
Date: Thu, 9 Feb 1995 11:56:56
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Message-ID: <terry-dahms.7.000BF34B@uiowa.edu>
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X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                   THE BUZZ                     JANUARY, 1995
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       RENEWAL NOTICE:  If you would like to continue receiving THE  BUZZ
       newsletter,  return the last page by January 20th,  unless you did
       this last month.

       FROM THE PRESIDENT:
          Winter  is the time for the beekeeper to plan,  reorganize  and
       get ready for the coming season.   As representatives for all  the
       rest  of the members of the Iowa Honey Producers Association,  the
       board is also making plans for the coming year.  Some of the plans
       include beekeeping classes and seminars,  what to do if we  happen
       to  have  a  major  bee  transportation  accident,  reviewing  the
       regulations  and  laws  for  beekeeping  for  possible  revisions,
       planning  for  State Fair and the Annual  meeting,  considering  a
       beekeeper exchange with Poland and other promotional events.
          By  the way,  the board and its committees can not cover  every
       community in the state.   Maybe you feel that there have not  been
       enough honey promotion events in your area.   Consider yourself as
       on  a committee to plan for and ask for assistance from the  state
       association  to bring a promotional event to your  community.   If
       you need assistance,  feel free and bold to present your ideas and
       requests to the board.   Remember, bees don't sit at home and wait
       for  the  nectar to come to them--they go out to  search  for  it. 
       There  are  plenty of sweet honey experiences out there;  we  just
       need  to  buzz off to find them.   Don't take your  cue  from  the
       drone--very  few of them make a positive contribution.   Let's  be
       scouts and tell the others where to find the golden opportunities. 
       In  every  community  where there are bees,  the  work  gets  done
       through  local  initiative.   So also  in  your  community,  local
       initiative  is  what is needed to identity and  utilize  the  many
       sweet promotional opportunities.
          Some of our efforts may not seem all that effective.  Don't let
       that discourage you.  At another time your efforts may exceed your
       expectations.  It has been my experience that some efforts which I
       thought were not all that successful at the time, resulted in very
       good and positive results years later.   The problem was not  that
       the  effort was ineffective,  but that I wanted to  see  immediate
       results.   Often  it  takes time and the cumulative  effect  of  a
       number of efforts to make the difference.  
          We have a story and a product that interests people.   They are
       just waiting to hear, so lets tell them.         - Paul F. Goossen
       COYLE'S COLUMN
          This time last year,  I was reading up on bait hives and how to
       produce section comb honey.  Having had great fun with both in the
       summer,  I  am drawn to other ploys to pass the winter  until  the
       bees start flying again.  As a beginner in the bee business,  I am
       still  excited by all the things I do not know and how much  there
       is to learn.
          Listening  to  Wendell Schmidt talk of how he was  raising  his
       queen  bees and to Tim Laughlin's "show and tell"  on  observation
       hives,  got  me  down to the library and  back  to  the  workshop. 
       Although everyone does not have an extensively equipped  workshop,
       we  all  won  a  public  library  system  which  is  a  wonder  to
       contemplate.
          Some  time  back,  I learned of the Inter Library  Loan  system
       (I.L.L.).   Through it, I have been able to read both "Forty Years
       Among  the  Bees"  and "Fifty Years Among the Bees"  by  Dr.  C.C.
       Miller, with regard to section comb honey.  I then went on to Carl
       Killion's  "Honey  in  the Comb."   This winter  so  far,  I  have
       borrowed,  "Scientific Queen Rearing" by Doolittle,  "Comtemporary
       Queen Rearing" by Laidlaw and "Rearing Queen Honey Bees" by Morse. 
       All  of this cost me no more than a trip to the library  to  place
       the request and another two to pick up and return the books.   The
       request form has a line which asks how much one is willing to  pay
       for handling if the lending institution has such a fee, but so far
       all have been free,  even though books have come from as far  away
       as  Maine  and Colorado.   I hope through this  article,  I  might
       introduce someone to some new sources of information.
          Talking of information,  I love to tinker with odd and ends  of
       gadgets  and  to try as many different systems as I  can.   So  if
       there  is  anyone  who would like to  share  their  experience  or
       innovations with me, I'd be delighted. Contact: Peter Coyle,  2425
       Franklin Avenue, Des Moines, IA 50310 (515) 277-2415.

       BEE MANAGEMENT IN JANUARY
          Mice are prone to enter hives in winter,  if the entrances  are
       large enough to enable them to do so; these should, therefore,  be
       diminished so as to allow only one or two bees to pass at a  time. 
       Cats  likewise  are  an annoyance,  to which bees  should  not  be
       exposed.   They  should  not be permitted to run  upon  or  gambol
       between  the  hives.   Nor should the direct rays of  the  sun  be
       allowed to strike the entrances during the winter,  when the  bees
       ought  to enjoy undisturbed repose.   A slight  temporary  screen,
       easily removed on mild days, when the temperature permits the bees
       to  fly,  will prove highly serviceable--preserving the  bees  and
       preventing  an  inordinate consumption of honey.   If a  warm  day
       tempt  the  bees to fly while the ground is covered with  snow,  a
       quantity of loose straw should be scattered on it in front of  the
       hives  to keep the bees from being blinded by the glare,  and  aid
       them  in regaining their homes.   If,  in addition to  this,   the
       apiarian  has taken the precaution to secure his hives from  being
       stolen,  he  will have done all that can properly be  required  of
       him,  during the month.  (Excerpted from January 1861 American Bee
       Journal--the first issue.)
       1995 APIARY REGISTRATION
          Its  time to register your apiary(s) again.   Simply send me  a
       copy of last year's registration with the current date if  nothing
       has changed.  If there are only small changes, make those directly
       on  a copy of last year's registration.   Be sure to make  another
       copy of your registered locations for your records and next year's
       registration.  
          If you do not have a copy of last year's registration, fill out
       the  one  at the end of the newsletter.   If you do not  know  the
       legal description of your apiary(s), get a county map to pin point
       the location to nearest 1/4 section.  If you live in town and your
       bees  are located at your home,  indicate by "homeplace"  or   "at
       home address above".  Be sure to fill in the name of the county in
       which  your apiary(s) is located and use a separate form for  each
       county.
          The  purpose  of  apiary registration is  to  enable  pesticide
       applicators to contact you in case of applying pesticides that are
       labelled "toxic to bees"  within a two-mile radius of your apiary. 
       I  get a number of calls each year from pesticide applicators  who
       want  the  apiary  locations in several  counties  where  they  do
       business.   Many  more contact the local county ASCS  offices  for
       registered locations.  Its kind of embarrassing when they call and
       no  one is registered in the county and they know that  there  are
       beekeepers  in  the county.   They figure that  beekeepers  either
       don't  care if their bees are sprayed or that beekeepers  are  not
       willing to do their part to avoid pesticide kills.
          Let's show the farmers,  pesticide applicators and ASCS  office
       personnel that Iowa beekeepers really do care about their bees  by
       registering this year.
                                        
       BEEKEEPING CLASS TO BE OFFERED IN DES MOINES
            Starting on Tuesday,  March 7, 1995 a beekeeping class will be
       offered  by the Iowa Department of Agriculture in cooperation  with
       Polk  county ISU Extension service.  It will be held every  Tuesday
       night for 8 weeks at the Des Moines Botanical Center.  This will be
       an  in-depth class covering a variety of topics on  beekeeping  for
       fun and profit.  Each class session will last from 7:00 - 9:00 p.m.
            The  class will include hands-on experience in  beekeeping  in
       the classroom and during field trips.  Those interested in starting
       with  bees,  novice  beekeepers and  seasoned  beekeepers  are  all
       welcome to participate.
            Pre-registration   is   required  by  February  27th   and   a
       registration fee will be charged.  For more information contact Bob
       Cox,  State  Apiarist,  Iowa  Department  of  Agriculture,  Wallace
       Building, Des Moines, Iowa 50319 telephone (515) 281-5736.

       DID YOU KNOW...
          That  Edward Kretchmer was one of the founding fathers  of  the
       Iowa Beekeeping industry?   Mr.  Kretchmer wrote several books  on
       beekeeping  and  was the first president of the  Iowa  Beekeepers'
       Association  in  1875.   After  holding  two  meetings  with  poor
       attendance it was decided that the organization was premature  and
       was disbanded.
       IOWA FRUIT AND VEGETABLE GROWERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE
          The  Annual Conference of the Iowa Fruit and Vegetable  Growers
       Association will be held January 27-28,  1995 at the Crystal  Inn,
       6111 Fleur Dr.  in Des Moines.  This is a very interesting meeting
       for  any  serious  gardener, beekeeper  who  provides  pollination
       services,  or growers.   The Iowa Honey Producers Association  are
       planning  on  having  a  booth in  the  exhibit  room  to  promote
       beekeeping with convention goers.  If you can help staff the booth
       for part of a day, give Bob Cox a call (515) 281-5736.  
          To  obtain registration materials for the meeting contact  Iowa
       Fruit & Vegetable Growers Assn. at (515) 282-8192.

       4-H ESSAY CONTEST DEADLINE JANUARY 15
          4-H  clubbers,  there are just a few days left to get your  bee
       story sent in.   The American Beekeeping Federation is  sponsoring
       the  4-H  Essay  Contest  on  Beekeeping  once  again  this  year.   
       Because so few entries are received,  there's a great  opportunity
       to  win something by simply entering! The 4-Her is asked to  write
       an original story on honey bees suitable for a teacher to read  to
       second-grade students.  Suggested titles include:  The Busy Little
       Bee,  I  Like  Honey,  A Trip to the Apiary,  or  My  Friend,  the
       Beekeeper.  Send your story  to me by January 15, 1995! 
          Full contest rules are available from Bob Cox,  State Apiarist,
       phone 515-281-5736 or FAX 515-242-5015.

       IHPA COMMITTEE CHAIRS

       1.    State Fair Sales - John Johnson
       2.    Membership - Dick Blake
       3.    Term  of Office and Membership dues (By-laws change) -  John
       Johnson
       4.    State Fair Exhibit - Margaret Hala
       5.    Honey Queen - Paul & Hildegard Goossen
       6.    Nominations - John Johnson
       7.    Promotions & Awards - Ann Garber
       8.    Educational - Bob Cox
       9.    Annual Meeting - Curt Bronnenberg
       10.   Youth Exhange - Russ Swenson
       11.   Bee Emergency - Bob Cox
       12.   Legislative - John Johnson

       UPCOMING IHPA MEETINGS IN 1995

       MARCH 4  Board Mtg. at Barn Restaurant in Amana, Iowa 1:00 pm
       JUNE 10  Board Mtg. in Amana
       JULY     IHPA & CIBA field day in Eastern Iowa
       SEPT.30  Board Mtg. in Amana
       NOV.     Annual Meeting in Ames, Des Moines, or Marshalltown

       FOR SALE:  Southwest Wisconsin White Clover Honey,  clarified  and
       strained, in drums or pails. Call Al Balwin in Darlington, WI at
       (608) 776-3700



From lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu Mon Feb 13 23:58:55 EST 1995
Article: 1294 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!overload.lbl.gov!lll-winken.llnl.gov!uop!pacbell.com!att-out!oucsboss!ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu!LUTTON
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bear fencing?
Message-ID: <D3qu1F.1DE@boss.cs.ohiou.edu>
From: lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
Date: Thu, 9 Feb 1995 17:32:03 GMT
Reply-To: lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
Sender: news@boss.cs.ohiou.edu (News Admin)
Organization: Ohio University Computing & Technology Services
X-Nntp-Posting-Host: ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu
Lines: 8

Greetings, I teach a small community beekeeping class here in SE Ohio
only recently black bears are becoming common. A fellow in the group
has a couple visting his backyard on a regular basis and has expressed
some concern about the potential of future interaction. I found what
appears to be a reliable article in '83 Roots ABC's on fencing via
Manitoba Dept of Mines information. Could someone with experiance
comment on the effectivness of this info or direct me to some better?
Thanks, Lars / lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu


From jm67@acmex.gatech.edu Mon Feb 13 23:58:57 EST 1995
Article: 1295 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!gt-news!prism!acmex.gatech.edu!jm67
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Georgia Beekeeping
Message-ID: <JM67.95Feb9134130@acmex.gatech.edu>
From: jm67@acmex.gatech.edu (MURRAY,JEFFREY P)
Date: 9 Feb 1995 13:41:31 -0500
Sender: jm67@prism.gatech.edu
Distribution: world
Organization: Georgia Institute of Technology
NNTP-Posting-Host: acmex.gatech.edu
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    I have never been able to get a definitive answer to this
question: does anyone know whether or not one needs to register
one's bees in Georgia? I realize a number of other states
require registration and regular inspections of hives, but 
I have not been able to ascertain whether this is true of 
Georgia or not. Anyone?

--
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu
-- 
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Mon Feb 13 23:58:58 EST 1995
Article: 1296 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Agricultural Info
Date: Fri, 10 Feb 1995 04:12:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950209213400852@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 124       

Hello All Beekeeper Friends,

Many beekeepers are interested in general agricultural and its trends.
There is still one good deal available from the US government and thats
a *free bbs*, 9600 bd at 800-821-6229. Sorry but I am confident this
800 # bbs will not work for off shore callers, not sure if you are from
our neighbor to the north, but they do have a "good" Canadian
Agricultural report for the d/l on the bbs.


Some of the Agricultural Reports you may $buy$ from the United States
of America. Check your library for these and make copies. Or bug your
congressman for a free bee. They also have stuff on CD's but I did
not rip off the forms as I did not want to run the cost to the US
government up on their nickel. Sure is nice how they take credit
cards like it was cash, I can still remember when the government
would take nothing but cash, money orders, or postage stamps. These
changes make me feel old..

                        ttul Andy-


                 ORDER FORM -- ERS PERIODICALS                    (F94.1)

SITUATION & OUTLOOK REPORTS:         Stock #     1 Year    2 Years    3 Years
  Outlook for U.S. Exports (4)        AES      ____ $17   ____ $32   ____  $48
  Agricultural Income & Finance (4)   AIS      ____ $18   ____ $34   ____  $51
  Intl. Agriculture & Trade (6)       WRS      ____ $20   ____ $38   ____  $56
  Aquaculture (2)                     AQS      ____ $17   ____ $32   ____  $48
  Cotton & Wool (12)                  CWS      ____ $31   ____ $60   ____  $90
  Feed (4)                            FDS      ____ $20   ____ $38   ____  $57
  Fruit & Tree Nuts (4)               FTS      ____ $21   ____ $40   ____  $60
  Ind. Uses of Ag. Materials (2)      IUS      ____ $17   ____ $32   ____  $48
  Livestock, Dairy, & Poultry
    All issues (32)                   LDP-A    ____ $66   ___ $130   ____ $195
    Monthly (12)                      LDP-M    ____ $28   ____ $54   ____  $81
    Dairy supplements & yearbook (6)  LDP-D    ____ $22   ____ $42   ____  $63
    Cattle/sheep  "       "      (5)  LDP-CS   ____ $22   ____ $42   ____  $63
    Poultry       "       "      (5)  LDP-P    ____ $22   ____ $42   ____  $63
    Hog           "       "      (5)  LDP-H    ____ $22   ____ $42   ____  $63
  Oil Crops (4)                       OCS      ____ $20   ____ $38   ____  $57
  Rice (3)                            RCS      ____ $18   ____ $34   ____  $51
  Sugar & Sweetener (4)               SSS      ____ $22   ____ $42   ____  $63
  Tobacco (4)                         TBS      ____ $19   ____ $36   ____  $54
  U.S. Agricultural Trade Update (12) FAU      ____ $20   ____ $38   ____  $57
  Vegetables & Specialties (3)        VGS      ____ $20   ____ $38   ____  $57
  Wheat (4)                           WHS      ____ $21   ____ $40   ____  $60
  World Agriculture Supply & Demand
    Estimates (12)                    WASDE    ____ $30   ____ $60   ____  $90
OTHER PERIODICALS:
  Agricultural Outlook (11 issues)    AGO      ____ $42   ____ $82   ____ $123
  FoodReview (3)                      NFR      ____ $17   ____ $32   ____  $48
  Econ. Ind. of the Farm Sector (4)   ECI      ____ $19   ____ $36   ____  $54
  Rural Development Perspectives (3)  RDP      ____ $14   ____ $26   ____  $38
  Rural Conditions & Trends (2)       RCA      ____ $13   ____ $24   ____  $35
  Journal of Ag. Econ. Research (4)   JAE      ____ $16   ____ $30   ____  $45
  Foreign Ag. Trade of the U.S. (6 +
    calendar and FY supplements)      FAT      ____ $29   ____ $56   ____  $84


                               TOTALS       $______    $______    $______

  (Please add 25% for mailing to foreign addresses, including Canada.)

  HOW TO ORDER:  For fastest service or more information, call ERS-NASS at
  1-800-999-6779 (8:30-5:00 ET).  You can also FAX this form to 703-834-0110
  or mail it to:  ERS-NASS, 341 Victory Drive, Herndon, VA  22070

  Enclosed is a check or money order (payable to ERS-NASS) for $________.

  ____ Charge my MasterCard ____ or VISA ____.

  Card No.: ____________________________________  Expires Mo/Yr:  ___/___


  _________________________________________________________________________
  Name                             Company/Organization       Daytime Phone

  _________________________________________________________________________
  Address

  _________________________________________________________________________
  City                                     State                 Zip Code

Got no idea why they don't list the NATIONAL HONEY MARKET NEWS, but
its not free and you can order it by phone at 509-575-2494 or by fax
at 509-457-7132, or by mail at:

             National Honey Market News
             USDA-AMS, Fruit & Vegetable Division
             2015 South 1st Street, Room 4
             Yakima, WA 98903

  I bet you would like to know the price, wouldn't you know I can't
find the price and don't want to start the other cpu up to look for
it at this hour. So if you need to know the price for this publication
that so many of us have donated our time too send me e-mail and I will
look it up for you.
                          ttul Andy-


                                              \     /
                                          \    O ^ O    /
        VARROA HORROR                       \ ( < > ) /
                                 _____________(( ” ))____________
           ON HONEY BEES        (     /   /  (=”=====)  \   \     )
                                (___/___/__/ (=====”=) \__\___\___)
        & BEE GRUBS                (     /  /(=======)\  \     )
                                    (__/___/ (=======) \___\__)
       (===)                                /(=”=====)\
      (=====)             _____        _____  (=====)   \          .-~~~-.
     (=======)           /     \      /     \  (===)             /        }
     (=”=====)          <  (    >----<  (    >   |              /      .-~
     (=====”=)           \_____/      \_____/         \        |        }
     (=======)           / ”   \  (   /     \       ___\.~~-.-~|     .-~_
     (=======)     .----<  (    >----<   /   >----.    { O  |  ` .-~.   ; ~-.__
     (=”=====)    /      \_____/ ”    \_____/      \    ~--~/-|”\|  :   : .-~
   /  (=====) \   \  /   /     \   ”  /     \   ”  /       /  |  \~ - -”~
  <    (===)   >   >----<  /    >----<       >----<       /   |   \
   \          /   /      \_____/      \_____/      \_____
     \______/     \   ”  /     \      /     \      /     \
                   `----<       >----< ”     >----<       >
                         \_____/      \_____/      \_____/



From tony@nexus.yorku.ca Mon Feb 13 23:58:59 EST 1995
Article: 1297 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!torn!newshub.ccs.yorku.ca!nexus.yorku.ca!tony
From: tony@nexus.yorku.ca (Anthony Wallis)
Subject: Re: Stings and Things
Message-ID: <D3uAwJ.5sv@newshub.ccs.yorku.ca>
Sender: news@newshub.ccs.yorku.ca (USENET News System)
Organization: York University
References: <D3L83p.D2z@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Distribution: na
Date: Sat, 11 Feb 1995 14:29:06 GMT
Lines: 17

> Facts in MY LIFE!
> When I was a carpenter, I got slivers...
> When I was a secretary, I got paper cuts...
> When I was an electrian, I got shocked...
> When I was a auto mechanic, I got greasy...
> When I was a landscaper, I got dirty
> 
> When I kept bees, I got stung...

In which case, please don't try any of the following:
Sky diving.
Lion taming.
Marriage.

--
tony@nexus.yorku.ca = Tony Wallis, York University, North York, Canada.



From dalex@eskimo.com Mon Feb 13 23:59:01 EST 1995
Article: 1298 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!mvb.saic.com!eskimo!dalex
From: dalex@eskimo.com (Dave Alexander)
Subject: Re: Honey solids???
X-Nntp-Posting-Host: eskimo.com
Message-ID: <D3uHnz.6LG@eskimo.com>
Sender: usenet@eskimo.com (News User Id)
Organization: Eskimo North (206) For-Ever
References: <950206170608839@beenet.com> <roh033.mah48d-100295122810@136.141.220.39>
Date: Sat, 11 Feb 1995 16:55:10 GMT
Lines: 7

i thought that honey solids where honey that had been dehyryated.
after all honey is sugar and most sugar is in the dry state.
why not dry sugar also.  it would make it much easier to handle.

-dave- kg7zq




From lamczyk@eagle.sangamon.edu Mon Feb 13 23:59:02 EST 1995
Article: 1299 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!news.mathworks.com!newshost.marcam.com!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!eagle.sangamon.edu!lamczyk
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Programs for beekeeping?
Message-ID: <3hm49v$rsh@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu>
From: lamczyk@eagle.sangamon.edu (August Lamczk)
Date: 12 Feb 1995 23:06:39 GMT
Organization: Sangamon State University
NNTP-Posting-Host: eagle.sangamon.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
Lines: 10

 Hello beekeepers,

                  I was wondering if their are any computer programs
 available regarding the raising of bees, and estimateing productivity.
 If any exist please post the info.

                             Thanks,


                                     Gus Lamczyk, Springfield, Il


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Mon Feb 13 23:59:05 EST 1995
Article: 1300 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!news.duke.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Sugar: bogus trader duping buyer
Date: Mon, 13 Feb 1995 15:34:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950213090826867@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 148       


Hello Beekeepers!

   It is well known that China is short of all types of sweetness and
must import sugar at the same time they export HONEY below their cost
of production, or the local value, (at least some US beekeepers have
claimed in a trade dispute with Chinese Honey exporters). So here is
some information road killed on the internet highway that gives some
insight into how bad Chinese buyers want sugar and how a few have
taken advantage of them. I know most of you are not that interested
but read it anyway its kind of funny and maybe later I will tell you
about shipping river rocks to Holland disguised as honey to avoid
high import duties on the rocks.


DIALOG(R)File 799:Textline Curr.Glob.News
(c) 1995 Reuters Info.Svcs. All rts. reserv.

HONG KONG: BOGUS SUGAR TRADERS DUPING HUNGRY CHINESE BUYERS
- January 27, 1995
By: Lynne O'Donnell

HONG KONG, Jan 27 (Reuter) - China's insatiable appetite for sugar,
combined with tight world supply, is attracting bogus traders who are
cheating inexperienced Chinese buyers out of enormous sums of money,
traders and bankers said on Friday.

   Some middlemen, mostly in Europe and the United States, were offering
bogus deals on Brazilian sugar at unrealistic discounts, regional trade
sources said.

   "I get these inquiries every day, all the time," said a trader with an
international house in Hong Kong. "But they're wasting my time because I
know the sugar doesn't even exist."
   But some inexperienced Chinese traders were accepting the deals, the
traders said.

   A Western trader said it was impossible to know the exact quantities of
sugar or money involved. But his firm often received pleas from provincial
Chinese traders trying to source sugar from bona fide suppliers after the
bogus deals had fallen through.

   Another trader in Hong Kong said he had heard of letters of credit
having been opened with a variety of Chinese banks for between 200,000 and
300,000 tonnes of sugar.

   "There are two ways these middlemen can make money," the Western trader
said.

   "They negotiate fake documents, in which they post a performance bond of
two percent of the total contract and get paid 100 percent of the deal.
Then, when the sugar doesn't arrive, the buyer cashes the bond, and the
fake seller ends up with 98 percent of the contracted amount," he said.

   "The other way is when a Chinese buyer opens (a letter of credit) and
the middleman takes that, and borrows from his own bank against it, either
getting money he couldn't otherwise get, or getting it at favourable
interest rates," the trader explained.

   A Chinese trader in Hong Kong said: "I heard of one deal where the
'sugar' was delivered -- and it was all sand."

   Raw sugar for March delivery is currently trading in New York at 14.37
cents per pound, or about $320 a tonne.

   The fraudulent contracts cut this price by up to 40 percent, a financier
in Hong Kong said. An Australian marketer concurred, saying he heard of
discounts of $50-100 a tonne.

   The trading sources said China's decision last September to liberalise
sugar imports, which until then were conducted under the auspices of the
government's food trading company, Ceroils, was partly responsible for the
proliferation of cheats.

   "Now you have outsiders in the trade, people trying to take advantage of
the Chinese demand by quoting below-market prices to attract
intermediaries. And this leads to fraudulent transactions," the banker
said.

   "I think the prices we see on these quotations, sometimes 30 to 40
percent below the market, in no way can be delivered," he said.

   Queensland Sugar Corporation Chief Executive Officer David Rutledge said
his company had encountered the problem.

   "We do find from time to time when we are in the market that our
potential customers will make reference to prices they have been offered
from other origins that are clearly not bona fide," he said by telephone.

   Another Australian industry executive said: "In some cases they (Chinese
buyers) will put the money down, then find they have been negotiating false
documents and the stuff never arrives."

   Sugar shortages in China have seen prices soar, hitting $588 a tonne in
the south late last year. Hong Kong traders said raw sugar was now $470 a
tonne. They expect it to hit $530 by mid-year.
   China's 1994 sugar output was officially 5.82 million tonnes, a
significant drop on the 7.44 million of the year before, which itself was a
drop of 8.7 percent on 1992.

   Customs figures show imports for the first 11 months of last year were
1.28 million tonnes, up from 420,000 tonnes the year before.

   Exports, principally of sugar imported raw for refining, were 875,658
tonnes, down from the 1.735 million tonnes in 1993.

   Industry experts say demand is rising at six percent a year and they
expect China to import two million tonnes this year.

   A delegation from the China Sugar and Beverage Corporation was in Brazil
this month looking for buying opportunities. The head of the corporation,
Xu Zhijian, told the local press China could buy a million tonnes,
depending on the price.
   (c) Reuters Limited 1995

****
Well you read it, it was kind'a interesting and now for my story on
Pet Rocks smuggled to Holland. Can't say this is accurate as it has
been a few years, but I will say when I think of the beekeeper who
told it to me, (he has since passed to Heavens many pastures of
flowers), it does give me the warm fuzzes as he was a friend and
one who is missed.

   One evening at a national beekeepers convention, John and I ducked
out, (had ourselves telephone paged), to the beekeepers club room to
puff on our cigars and sip good whiskey. John and I were talking about
personalties in the Honey packing business and how he enjoyed doing
business with this one family that had been in the business for several
hundred years and the honey he sold them to be shipped to Holland. John
said that after he made a trip to visit them they asked him to do a
favor for him in the future. They wanted him to ship them a drum of
river rocks with the next container of fine clover honey. He was more
then glad to do it, you know anything to keep a good honey customer
happy. The rest of the story as related to me is that they don't grow
rocks in much of Holland which has been reclaimed from the sea, and they
don't really want rocks, maybe because kids throw them at birds and
windows, so rocks have value. So a few are smuggled into the country in
honey drums. Don't remember if he said he added honey to cover the rocks
or not.

   Well maybe its true and maybe its not. Only the Dutch beekeepers
would know, maybe they would like to add to this story.

                                ttul Andy-

(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
(U)Written opinion are not necessarily fact.
Check your facts before expressing opinion.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Mon Feb 13 23:59:06 EST 1995
Article: 1301 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!news.duke.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: tried this?
Date: Mon, 13 Feb 1995 15:37:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950213090826868@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 19        

        _________________________________
       (/////////////////////////////////)
       (/////////////////////////////////)
      /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
      |             \ _ /  ????           |
      |             /O O \   _            |    Hecter, did'nt I tell you
      |             \~Y~ / // \           |    this would happen. That old
      |              /--\//   ))          |            beeman is getting
      |         ()==/()== \__./           |     \ _ /   more lazy every day!
      |   ___   ()=(  ()= )       ___     |     /O O \   _
      |  /   \___   \____/ \->___/   \___ |     \~~~ / // \
      |  \___/   \   ||||    /   \___/XXX\|      /--\//   ))         z        z
      |  /   \__ /--(/  \)-cd ___/   \XXX/| ()==/()== \__./  B z z z   z    z
      |  \___/   \___/---\___/   \___/   \| ()=(  ()= )                  z z
      |__/   \___/   \   /   \___/   \___/|     \____/--->
      |  \___/   \___/XXX\___/   \___/   \|      ||||
      |__/   \___/XXX\XXX/   \___/   \___/|     (/  \) cd_
      |  \___/   \XXX/   \___/   \___/    |
      [___________________________________]


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Mon Feb 13 23:59:09 EST 1995
Article: 1302 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.duke.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: California Disaster
Date: Mon, 13 Feb 1995 16:05:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950213090827869@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 76        

Your read it here first:

         CALIFORNIA ALMOND CROP A DISASTER!

     Last month after much above normal January rainfall those in
the know about such things in the almond industry were predicting this
years almond crop would suffer a 25% decline from last years production
because of the rain prior to the first bloom.

The reality of this may be that almond growers may be lucky to get 25%
of last years production. Almond prices have gone up on last years crop
and I would expect to see more price increases sometime in the near
future. Last years crop may gross that billion dollar figure yet.

     The Why's: Weather, both moisture and temperatures. January
was a wet month, but more critical was the winter temperatures
were running about 10 degrees above normal after the almonds were
fully dormant. This brought the new buds and bloom out weeks early
coupled with the wet ground conditions which have been ideal for
fog and overcast days have kept the bees in most of the time. At
this location bees have had one clear day and several afternoons
to fly, maybe 30 hours total to date.(02-12-95)

     Beekeepers did their thing and were able to deliver all the
bees required or requested by the almond growers under some miserable
muddy conditions. The overall condition of the bees is not yet known as
the moving of them and the weather has kept most beekeepers from making
much more then spot appraisals. Feeding bees sugar syrup has been
general and hives are light because they have not been able to get out.
All hives do have several frames of brood depending on factors other
they what they have met in the orchards.

     This may be the return to the old type of years, the wet one's of
the golden days, when most beekeepers in the area looked on the almond
bloom as no more then a chance to inspect their bees for AFB and
depended on other pasture outside of the area for spring buildup.

     To compound all this misery is the weather outlook is calling
for a period of cold arctic weather next week, making the danger of
frost a reality which could inflect further damage to the almonds and
set the bees back. The almond grower is really in a spot, he needs
warmer weather to get the bees out for a hoped for late set...not a
very good gamble at best as the late set is more often then not dropped
by the trees later in the season.

     Well you read it here first, if things go the normal way you
will read about it in the farm papers and the fault will the bee's
who did not properly pollinate the crop. Modelling farm advisors
will be pushing their greater strength standards for bees based
NOT on research or realty, just their own personal opinions and
prejudices. Beekeepers will have trouble collecting their pollination
rentals in full, and growers will spend much money having bees inspected
for strength, after the fact, to avoid paying money due or get
discounts. The more business like beekeepers have collected their
money and busy spending it on fuel bills, sugar and the like.


     As I write this the sun is trying to come out, maybe today the
weather will change and tomorrow things will brighten up for the
beekeepers and almond grower, there is always hope. We will soon be
moving out of the almonds to better pastures and the overall prospects
have not changed. It appears that California beekeepers who have the
bee's, locations, equipment, and skills could produce the best crop of
the century, we need it...the potential is there for the pasture with
normal rains the rest of the rain season!

                                ttul Andy-

"if you want to get the Honey, don't kick the beehive"  Abe Lincoln
"he who controls the weather, controls the almond crop" OLd Drone



(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
(U)Written opinions are not necessarily fact.
Check your facts before expressing opinion.


From peien@bud.peinet.pe.ca Fri Feb 17 22:21:51 EST 1995
Article: 1303 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!torn!news.unb.ca!peinet.pe.ca!peinet.pe.ca!not-for-mail
From: peien@bud.peinet.pe.ca (PEI Environmental Network)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: extracting honey
Date: 14 Feb 1995 10:52:48 -0400
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I,m looking for suggestions for remonving honey from combs without
benefit of an extractor.  I have three supers of honey and no
extractor (couldn't afford a new one last year and couldn't find
one used).  I've tried scratching the combs open and letting them
drip into a container.  This works alright but is extremely slow. 
Any ideas?

                         
                       Sharon Labchuk
                       peien@peinet.pe.ca
                 


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Fri Feb 17 22:21:53 EST 1995
Article: 1304 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: 14 Feb 1995 21:16:12 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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References: <3hqg40$pje@bud.peinet.pe.ca> <JM67.95Feb14123134@acmey.gatech.edu> <3hqr11$5rs@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
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Jordan Schwartz (jlks@u.washington.edu) wrote:
: It seems to me that once upon a time, people extracted honey without the 
: aid of mechanical devices.  I saw a PBS special a couple months back 
: about honey harvesters in the Himalayas or some such far flung locale 
: where they would seperate the wax from the honey by boiling (heating) 
: it.  Needless to say, this will destroy your comb, but I'm curious if 
: anyone has ever tried this?

Yes, but this will also destroy the flavor of your honey.  Wax melts at 
approximately 150 degrees F., My understanding is that temperatures 
above approximately 120 degrees F. will damage honey flavor (those in 
the know, does this have anything to do with the temperature at which 
enzymes start breaking down?)  Certainly, boiling it will damage it.

As for letting it trickle out, you might end up with an increase in the
moisture in the honey.  Remember, it is a hydroscopic solution (tending to
absorb moisture) and will pull in water from the air surrounding it.  The
bees dehydrate the nectar-honey until it reaches around 17% water and then
they cap it - sealing it off from the air.  If you left honey on a saucer
in your kitchen it would eventually (in a few days perhaps) reach about
25% water, at which point, if there were any yeasts about, it would begin
to ferment.  It's easy to see how mead-making originated, isn't it? 

Are you sure there is nobody around whom you can borrow an extractor from? 
Alternately, I suppose you could put the comb in a nylon bag (available
from a home brewing store) and crush it between two planks (cut to
resemble breadboards - i.e., in paddle shape) and hooked together with a
hinge or even a rope (cut a hole in the wide end of each paddle and knot
it).  The resulting contrivance would look and function a bit like a giant
nutcracker, with the nylon bag as the nut.  The crushed comb would exude
honey through the pores in the bag, and dribble into a bucket or something
you'd have set below it.  You could then take the remaining wax and let
the bees rob the rest of the honey out of it (or even heat it to separate
the wax from the remaining honey, and feed that back to the bees) The comb
would still be destroyed, but the honey would at least be raw. 

Incidentally, this device is used as a "poor person's press" for wine
making.  It works but is messy.  (I know.)

I still think you should look for someone with an extractor - or produce 
cutcomb honey until you're ready to purchase a small one..


Dave


From jm67@acmey.gatech.edu Fri Feb 17 22:21:54 EST 1995
Article: 1305 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.umbc.edu!eff!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!gt-news!prism!acmey.gatech.edu!jm67
From: jm67@acmey.gatech.edu (MURRAY,JEFFREY P)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: 14 Feb 1995 12:31:35 -0500
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In-reply-to: peien@bud.peinet.pe.ca's message of 14 Feb 1995 10:52:48 -0400

>I,m looking for suggestions for remonving honey from combs without
>benefit of an extractor.  I have three supers of honey and no
>extractor (couldn't afford a new one last year and couldn't find
>one used).  I've tried scratching the combs open and letting them
>drip into a container.  This works alright but is extremely slow. 
>Any ideas?
>

   You are definitely correct about the time element; not using
an extractor means you'll wait all day for the honey. I have not
had this problem, since I mainly produce comb honey, but I know
I've seen a review of a mostly-plastic extractor that seemed
to be pretty cheap; $80 comes to mind. I don't have my Walter
Kelley or Brushy Mountain catalogs handy, else I'd look in them,
but other folks on the net may have seen this beastie and may
be able to tell you whether it holds up alright. In any event, it
won't be suitable if you are looking to extract a lot of honey;
for that you'll really have to spend the money for a good
stainless-steel motorized unit, but even these can sometimes be
had used. Have you checked out the classified sections of either
ABJ or Bee Culture?

   Jeeef
--
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu
-- 
MURRAY,JEFFREY P
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu


From jlks@u.washington.edu Fri Feb 17 22:21:56 EST 1995
Article: 1306 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: 14 Feb 1995 17:58:57 GMT
Organization: University of Washington
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NNTP-Posting-Host: homer08.u.washington.edu

It seems to me that once upon a time, people extracted honey without the 
aid of mechanical devices.  I saw a PBS special a couple months back 
about honey harvesters in the Himalayas or some such far flung locale 
where they would seperate the wax from the honey by boiling (heating) 
it.  Needless to say, this will destroy your comb, but I'm curious if 
anyone has ever tried this?

Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/jordan.html



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Feb 17 22:21:57 EST 1995
Article: 1307 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey solids???
Date: Sat, 11 Feb 1995 18:02:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950211134313856@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 118       


 |-----------------|Roh033.Mah48d@rohmhaas.Com (john E. Taylor Iii)refer#: None
 wrote:
>Date: Fri, 10 Feb 1995 12:31:54 -0500
>Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
>
>>  Rvan@saucer.Cc.Umr.Edu (robert Van Leeuwen)refer#: None  wrote:
>> >My wife bought some a honey-whole wheat bread mix (U just add water)
>> >I looked at the ingredients and saw that it had more rice and soy flour
>> >than wheat flour and the only ingredient that had ANYTHING to do with
>> >honey was the very last one which said: honey solids.
>
>
>>    Normally by law the ingredients are listed in descending order as
>> to amounts of each. Few labels will list the actual amounts, but the
>> new nutritional labels do help if your concern is in empty calories or
>> fiber and fats. If a ingredient is not listed it can be assumed it does
>> not contain that ingredient or is in violation of the US Federal Food
>> Labeling Laws.
>>
>  John Said:
>If they're listing "honey solids" as an ingredient, chances are the FDA ha
>defined what it believes "honey solids" to be, and has permitted the use o
>the term.  Probably the place to start is the FDA.  If they've mis-defined
>something, we need to take the matter up with them.  If _they_ don't know
>what "honey solids" are, then they probably should be the ones to contact
>the manufacturer of the product listing them.
>
 |----end quotes---------------------------------|

   Hello John,

     You are right, for some reason my reader missed the HONEY SOLIDS,
which is assumed to be some form of dried honey. You would know more
about the chemical nature of this then the average consumer.

     So what we have here is a product that DOES contain honey in one
form or another and has every right as far as I know to include the
words "Honey" in the product label. One would not expect the honey
contained to be in greater amounts then say the grain, at the same time
if it is less then the salt you can be sure little is used in most
recipes. Without seeing the actual label it is hard to say for sure how
much honey plays a part in the finished product. If it was at the near
top of the list it could be considered as substantial, being at the
bottom its inclusion may have been for promotion of the product itself.
Any amount of honey in a product like bread is significant as a lot of
bread is baked everyday, not necessarily using this particular product.

    If costs was equal there are several reasons one could use honey
in baking other then the promotion of the finished product. Bread
with honey cooks a little faster, at lower temperatures. So the final
product in an industrial bakery costs less because energy is a real
factor in breads production. The finished baked product will be more
attractive in appearance, retain it freshness longer, and hopefully find
a willing market for honey baked breads. The industrial use of honey has
much increased over the years so one could assume they do find the use
of honey rewarding, hopefully it will continue and grow stronger.

    As for real rip offs, products labeled "Honey This or That", there
has been a few. The major players respond to public criticism, not
always as fast as one would want, but they do. None of them want the
FDA or any other government agency poking around any more then they
already do, most honey packers and beekeepers are the same way. Sad as
it may be the old lie "I am from the government and I am here to help
you!" is many times true.

    I did take on one national company single handed when I was young
and dumb. Letters changed hands, heated letters changed hands. Then
reason won out, to a degree. The company agreed to change the wording on
the label when the old labels were used up, "artificial honey", which was
NO honey at all. They stalled for more then a year claiming their supply
of containers with the labels was humongous. I had no way to check this
out as when I was in the factory I was able to check for the honey, and
ask the employees where it was, but the product cans were not there. I
knew from experience that the cans were manufactured as needed and more
then likely the costs of redoing the label was the only thing that was
holding up the label change. More angry letters, and at last they gave
in and stopped making the product...not a sweet victory for the use
honey but a victory for its sweet name. This company was using about 30
drums of honey per month in another product and continued to do so.

    What started all this was as an invited VIP guest to this plant
I asked one simple question, "where is the Honey", and was given the run
around for most of a day by responsible people who should have known
better. I was finally shown a five pound can of honey and was supposed
to believe this was what was used in tens of thousands of cases of
packed product.

    Thanks for your post hope I did not mislead Robert to far astray.

                        ttul Andy-

   ______________________
  (//////////////////////)     For VALENTINES'S DAY, no gift say's more!
  (//////////////////////)
  /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\             "H-O-N-E-Y  I LOVE YOU !
 |     Wild Flower!       |
 |                        |              .,,,,,,,,,,.
 |  _   _          \    / |            ,;;;;;;;;;;;;;;,
 | | |_| | __      _ \/   |          ,;;;;;;;;;;;)));;(((,,;;;,,_
 | | |-| |:  :|\ |:_ ::   |         ,;;;;;;;;;;'      |)))))))))))\\
 | |_| |_|:__:| \|:_ ||   |         ;;;;;;/ )''    - /,)))((((((((((\
 |                        |         ;;;;' \        ~|\  ))))))))))))))
 |  Product of LOVE 16oz  |         /     /         |   ((((((((((((((
 |________________________|       /'      \      _/~'    ')|()))))))))
                                /'         `\   />     o_/)))((((((((
  Flowers are great, but for   /          /' `~~(____ /  ()))))))))))
  a Love that lasts HONEY is  |     ---,   \        \     ((((((((((
  the right treatment...!               `\   \~-_____|      ))))))))
  "Omar Kiyamm" 5th Cen. Apiarist         `\  |      |_.---.  \  -Tua Xiong







        


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Feb 17 22:21:59 EST 1995
Article: 1308 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Honey and Gray Hair
Date: Sat, 11 Feb 1995 19:32:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950211134313857@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 82        


----for your eyes only----for your eyes only----for your eyes only---

¯”® --- start quotes --- ¯”®

<>From: HARRIGER@edinboro.edu
<>Date: Sat, 11 Feb 1995 05:35:50 -0400 (EDT)
<>Subject: Honey and Gray Hair

<>Hi Andy !
<>      I read your message posted on the bee-net with great interest. Sever
<>years back the federal government gave our seniors honey through the surpl
<>program.  My father and mother received some of the honey along with chees
<>The distribution STOPPED as abruptly as it started. Now I know the reason
<>why the Feds decided to end giving honey to our seniors. My guess is that
<>they realized their mistake and didn't want the truth to get out. If it di
<>there would be a rush on the stores and any place that might have honey
<>stashed away.

Hello (name with held to protect the insolent),

Yes, everyone knows that our government is against social intercourse
and its byproducts. It has been my personal experience that those at the
higher levels of government do not practice what they preach as I have
personally visited with presidents and wan-a-bee presidents and to the
man they all admitted they were regular consumers of honey. RR who's
name I will keep a secret even spent 15 minutes one afternoon during
a critical budget crisis, enlightening me on honeys effect on his
favorite male horse with all its plumbing intact. I have no proof but
now suspect the over consumption of honey by his daughter has caused her
to want to take her cloths off in public as a demonstration of what the
misuse of Honey can do, a worthy cause and practical demonstration of
the effects we honey lovers all know so well. It really did not
appear to be all that bad, but I am only a layman in this field and
will leave final judgement to the pros.

<> My father passed away shortly after the great give away and
<>never did tell me this secret. I wish he were alive today to get the strai
<>scoop from him. I guess I will increase my intake of that sweet substance
<>and see if it has an effect on my behavior. I am also increasing the numbe
<>of hives that I keep in order to keep up with the demand.
<>(side line) It is no wonder that China wants to export all of their honey!
<>They have problems enough without the extra stimulation.  I hope to hear m
<>from you on this topic in the future,  :-)   Ron Harriger

Sorry to read about you Dad, yes in time we must all go, its natures
way. My own grandma said, "granddad went out with a smile", he
consumed 36,500 pounds of honey his last 40 years. Grandma was happy
too, maybe happier to see him go as he was in bad shape at the end.

He had been out helping the widow who owned the forty acres that
butts up to their own farms south forty. Plowing her furrows when it
happened. Grandma has since remarried several times, each time to a
younger man. She kept Grandpa's bees and a neighbors tends them for her.
She takes her share out in Honey, not sure what she does with it all,
but last time I went to the old folks church social and bingo game I
noticed a lot of smiling faces in the crowd. Always wondered why they
hold these social intercourse's in the afternoon. I suspect that honey
can play a part in our lives to increase the pleasure and joy we find on
a daily bases or twice daily bases while we are here. Consumption of
more then 16 ounces per week could be too much even for the adventitious
young and would lead to the fast disappearance of honey from store
shelves. If that happens government action may be needed to to see Honey
is only sold at discount drug stores or through the mail to the right
people. A underground culture could develop by those who feel
governments have no role in regulation of social intercourse between
peoples or what fuels it, and people who think the bi products of such
behaviour are not all that bad or even may be necessary for the human
race to continue.

 The "China Sin drone", could become a fact here in the USA.
Government restrictions on the use of honey locally, adulteration
of honey with potato sugars, and shipment out of country to the
highest bidder could become a reality. We honey lovers must stick
together and continue to monitor the situation. Antidotal information
about the effects on people over 100 must always be kept secret. All
information shared must be kept private and away from the public.

                                ttul, the OLd Drone/

¯”® --- end of quotes --- ¯”®
   ----end of message----


From pollinator@aol.com Fri Feb 17 22:22:00 EST 1995
Article: 1309 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!mailer.acns.fsu.edu!usenet.ufl.edu!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news.mathworks.com!uunet!in1.uu.net!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: 14 Feb 1995 21:51:51 -0500
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Sharon Labchuk says:
>I,m looking for suggestions for remonving honey from combs without
benefit of an extractor.

That's pretty tough to do.  Don't you have anyone around that does custom
extracting?  I do it for several other beekeepers in this neighborhood. 
Going rate is around ten cents a pound in this area, and, if I didn't have
a setup, I'd think it to be well worth it.  In fact, I have often used
others' custom setups when I used to carry bees to Pennsylvania & NY.


From grw@oce216.bwi.wec.com Fri Feb 17 22:22:01 EST 1995
Article: 1310 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: grw@oce216.bwi.wec.com (Gary Welzenbach)
Subject: MD Hives & Equipment Wanted
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   I am a beekeeper on Maryland's Eastern Shore. Due to unknown  
circumstances I find myself short on bees this year. If anyone in MD has 
anything for sale or knows of any bees or wooden ware for sale please 
drop a line.
                        Thanks in advance
                                   Gary Welzenbach


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Fri Feb 17 22:22:03 EST 1995
Article: 1311 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Message-ID: <D41vqD.2r7@cuug.ab.ca>
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Date: Wed, 15 Feb 1995 16:37:37 GMT
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David J Trickett (djt@dolphin.upenn.edu) wrote:
: Jordan Schwartz (jlks@u.washington.edu) wrote:
: : It seems to me that once upon a time, people extracted honey without the 
: : aid of mechanical devices.  I saw a PBS special a couple months back 
: : about honey harvesters in the Himalayas or some such far flung locale 
: : where they would seperate the wax from the honey by boiling (heating) 
: : it.  Needless to say, this will destroy your comb, but I'm curious if 
: : anyone has ever tried this?

: Yes, but this will also destroy the flavor of your honey.  Wax melts at 
: approximately 150 degrees F., My understanding is that temperatures 
: above approximately 120 degrees F. will damage honey flavor (those in 
: the know, does this have anything to do with the temperature at which 
: enzymes start breaking down?)  Certainly, boiling it will damage it.

I'm not sure if you are considering this or just curious.  

Exhibitors of honey samples extract without an extractor all the time. 
They incline a warm (90 degrees F) comb with open cells -- either
carefully uncapped, or just beginning to be capped -- at 60 degrees to the
horizontal with the bottom end sitting on a (preferably glass) cookie
sheet, and stroke the comb slowly and forcefully with the smooth side of a
spoon to force the honey out and down the comb unto the perfectly clean
sheet. 

This way no air or pollen or wax gets incorporated and the sample, if run
immediately into a jar that is also perfectly clean and free of odors
(check the cardboard on the underside of the lid for *any* odors) , one
gets about as perfect a sample as possible (after careful skimming).  The
comb can be replaced in the hive and is quickly repaired and the remaining
honey tidied up. 

If you are considering this method of extracting for some reason, an old
washing machine wringer would probably work on a larger scale if the combs
were warm, but the mechanical wringers might be a little fast. 

I wouldn't recommend it for a number of reasons, but go ahead. 

On the chance you are just avoiding the hassle and expense of extracting, 
Ross Rounds are a good solution to that, and provide a much better price 
than extracted honey, as well as making an ever welcome pocket sized gift.

They are available at any dealer, or come to think of it I have some 
nearly new supers for sale.

Allen Dick
-- 
______________________________________________________
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                        VE6CFK 
Rural Route One   Swalwell   Alberta   Canada  T0M 1Y0 
Email:   dicka@cuug.ab.ca    or   allend@internode.net


From worrell@gamera.umd.edu Fri Feb 17 22:22:04 EST 1995
Article: 1312 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard Worrell)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Georgia Beekeeping
Date: 15 Feb 1995 01:51:10 GMT
Organization: Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
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MURRAY,JEFFREY P (jm67@acmex.gatech.edu) wrote:

:     I have never been able to get a definitive answer to this
: question: does anyone know whether or not one needs to register
: one's bees in Georgia? I realize a number of other states
: require registration and regular inspections of hives, but 
: I have not been able to ascertain whether this is true of 
: Georgia or not. Anyone?

: --
: MURRAY,JEFFREY P
: Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
: uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!gtri!jeff.murray
: Internet: jeff.murray@gtri.gatech.edu
: 
contact Tom Kowalski
        Chief Apiary Inspector
        Georgia Dept of Agriculture
        Agriculture Bldg
        Capitol Square
        Atlanta,GA 30334
        404-651-9486

For more info  on beekeeping contact also Dr. Keith Delaplane
                                          Dept of Entomology 
                                          Univ of GA
                                          Athens,GA

Jerry Worrell, MD beekeeper
member Maryland State Beekeepers Assoc. and Association of Southern MD 
Beekeepers.



From rogerpost@delphi.com Fri Feb 17 22:22:05 EST 1995
Article: 1313 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rogerpost@delphi.com (Roger Post)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bear fencing?
Date: 15 Feb 1995 02:26:39 GMT
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Seems to me that an electric fence would work. I have no idea how a bear would 
react to an electric fence. Most of the time it will keep animals in or out
but if they react to it with anger then they will just destroy the fence. 

I can not emagine anyother kind of fence that would work because the bear
could clime a wooden fence and probably and chain link as well. 

What did your information say about a fence.


From rogerpost@delphi.com Fri Feb 17 22:22:07 EST 1995
Article: 1314 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rogerpost@delphi.com (Roger Post)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey solids???
Date: 15 Feb 1995 02:26:56 GMT
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>not a sweet victory for the use
> honey but a victory for its sweet name. This company was using about 30
> drums of honey per month in another product and continued to do so.
> 
>     What started all this was as an invited VIP guest to this plant
> I asked one simple question, "where is the Honey", and was given the run
> around for most of a day by responsible people who should have known
> better. I was finally shown a five pound can of honey and was supposed
> to believe this was what was used in tens of thousands of cases of
> packed product.
>

Andy:

I think we all owe you a thank you. Honey should mean HONEY!


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Feb 17 22:22:08 EST 1995
Article: 1315 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: bear fencing?
Date: 15 Feb 1995 21:53:10 GMT
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In article <D422IB.2uF@cuug.ab.ca>,
Allen Dick 546-2588 <dicka@cuug.ab.ca> wrote:
>Bear fences are a standard practice in some areas of Northern Alberta.
>
>I seem to remember 3 strands of smooth wire.  

Beekeepers in the Virginia mountains use this same set-up.
They spring for solar powered chargers too, and set them up in an empty
hive! They use metal "T" posts. I think it was something like $150.00/yard
but this is amortized over time and certainly worth it.
Adam 
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From worrell@gamera.umd.edu Fri Feb 17 22:22:09 EST 1995
Article: 1316 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard Worrell)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Varoa Mite
Date: 15 Feb 1995 23:47:39 GMT
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ted wirch (captted@teleport.com) wrote:
: Does anybody have an opinion on using the Apistan Strips for Varoa Mite? 
: Questions like do you leave them in while you are collecting honey in your 
: supers? Do you remove the strips after 45 days? Do you leave them in for a 
: year?

Like any good professional, you will follow the label directions which 
says to remove from the hive after 45 days. Only exception I would 
recommend is if you cannot get to the hives due to bad weather. Under any 
circumstances, they must be removed prior to putting supers on the hive. 
We must maintain honey as a clean natural food free of all pesticide 
residues. Help maintain the reputation of this valuable commodity!

Jerry Worrell,
18 yr beekeeper, MD



From durk.ellison@posnet.co.uk Fri Feb 17 22:22:10 EST 1995
Article: 1317 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: durk.ellison@posnet.co.uk (Durk Ellison)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Date: Sun,  5 Feb 1995 14:04:41 GMT
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Hi Jordan,

30-Jan-95 00:08, Jordan Schwartz: wrote to All:
        Subject: Re: Six super winter!?


 JS> I spent a while going through my book trying to figure out what did them
 JS> in before I settled in on simple cold.  I had apistan in there, so I
 JS> don't think this did it, and there didn't seem to be any signs of
 JS> foulbrood or the other common killers.  In any case, with the hives
right
 JS>
 JS> next to each other, I couldn't imagine one having something that the
 JS> other didn't...Thanks for the warning though: its a good point.

 JS> Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
 JS> JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
 JS> http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/jordan.html

 JS> -!- WILDMAIL!/WC v4.11
 JS>  - Origin: Internet  (2:254/236.0)
 JS> SEEN!BY: 245/100 2358/11 100 101 102 103 104 105
 JS> @PATH: 254/236 214 231/100 245/100 2358/101

 It would be interesting if you could give a more detailed account
 of what you saw when you opened and inspected the dead hive.

 Bees killed by Varroa, AFB and EFB are rather easy to detect.
 AFB and EFB by the smell and Varroa by searching the debris.


ÄÄÄ¿
   ÀÄÄÄ> Best regards from, Durk Ellison

--- Terminate 1.51/Pro
 * Origin: Durk Ellison        BeeNet     Finland (240:2358/100)


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Fri Feb 17 22:22:12 EST 1995
Article: 1318 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: bear fencing?
Message-ID: <D422IB.2uF@cuug.ab.ca>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
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Bear fences are a standard practice in some areas of Northern Alberta.

I seem to remember 3 strands of smooth wire.  

It is usual to hang cans of sardines (punctured with a nail in several
spots) on each side so the bear won't accidently wander through it in the
night and not notice it.  Fur sometimes insulates.  

With the sardines, the bear touches the fence with his nose and is sure to
want to leave.  From then on he is 'fence trained'. 

 Roger Post (rogerpost@delphi.com) wrote: : Seems to me that an electric
fence would work. I have no idea how a bear would : react to an electric
Roger Post (rogerpost@delphi.com) wrote:
: Seems to me that an electric fence would work. I have no idea how a etc...
: react to an electric fence. Most of the time it will keep animals in or out
: but if they react to it with anger then they will just destroy the fence. 
fence. Most of the time it will keep animals in or out : but if they react
to it with anger then they will just destroy the fence. 

: I can not emagine anyother kind of fence that would work because the bear
: could clime a wooden fence and probably and chain link as well. 

: What did your information say about a fence.
-- 
______________________________________________________
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                        VE6CFK 
Rural Route One   Swalwell   Alberta   Canada  T0M 1Y0 
Email:   dicka@cuug.ab.ca    or   allend@internode.net


From worrell@gamera.umd.edu Fri Feb 17 22:22:14 EST 1995
Article: 1319 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard Worrell)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: MD Dept of Ag Open House 18 March 1995
Date: 16 Feb 1995 00:04:26 GMT
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture:3205 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1319

Summary: 
Keywords: 

The Maryland Dept of Agriculture is holding their 7th Annual Open House 
on 18 March at it's Headquarters, 50 Harry S.Truman Parkway Annapolis,MD. 
from 9 AM to 3 PM. Free gifts for the first 300 visitors. Food tastings, 
demonstrations,exhibits, computer arcade, aquaculture fish tank,lab 
tours, face painting, petting zoo, hog calling contest. National Honey 
Queen also is supposed to be present. Honey recipes will be available 
too! Learn about egg candling, wool spinnig, Maryland wines. Sale tables 
will include honey, homemade and gourmet foods, flowers, bedding plants 
and handcrafts. It's an event for the whole family. Please distribute 
this post widely if you are in commuting distance of Annapolis MD!


Jerry Worrell, Maryland State Beekeepers Association



From kac@bunter.dartmouth.edu Fri Feb 17 22:22:15 EST 1995
Article: 1320 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: kac@bunter.dartmouth.edu (Keith Cutting)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bears in the bee yard
Date: Thu, 16 Feb 1995 20:44:43 GMT
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Living in New Hampshire, I have the misfortune of dealing with bears all the 
time.  Winter hibernation excluded of course.  Three strand electric wire 
powered by a solar fencer.  I use a strip of bacon on the wire to fence train 
the bears.  Grounding is of the utmost importance.  In area where there is a 
lot of leaf mold on the ground, I spread 36" wide poultry netting on the 
ground.  On average sized bears this will place their front feet on the 
netting when they reach for the bacon.  

Spring is the worst time.  If the food supply is low, they'll take your hives 
powered up or not.

A good solar fencer is around $180.00
12 gauge wire $25.00 a roll
Post are around $2.00 ea.

It doesn't take too many lost hives to pay for the prevention.


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Fri Feb 17 22:22:16 EST 1995
Article: 1321 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Extracting Honey
Date: 16 Feb 1995 00:16:52 GMT
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-verville d.f. (mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com) wrote:
: My 2 cents on extractors.

: 3rd   Heated honey should never be fed back to bees.

Why not?


- Dave 


From mfrost@primenet.com Fri Feb 17 22:22:18 EST 1995
Article: 1322 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mfrost@primenet.com (Martha Frost)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: Wed, 15 Feb 1995 08:44:03 PST
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In article <3hqg40$pje@bud.peinet.pe.ca> peien@bud.peinet.pe.ca (PEI Environmental Network) writes:
>From: peien@bud.peinet.pe.ca (PEI Environmental Network)
>Subject: extracting honey
>Date: 14 Feb 1995 10:52:48 -0400
 from Sharon Labchuk
>I,m looking for suggestions for remonving honey from combs without
>benefit of an extractor.  I have three supers of honey and no
>extractor (couldn't afford a new one last year and couldn't find
>one used).  I've tried scratching the combs open and letting them
>drip into a container.  This works alright but is extremely slow. 
>Any ideas?
                      
 Hi Sharon,
we have two hives, and decided last year for first time to extract honey. I 
used a large rubbermaid tub where I placed a frame in vertically and then 
scraped the comb down to the foundation with a stainless steel spatula-like 
the kind used for burger flipping in restaurants. I would *heat* the spatula 
in a pot of boiling water. I dont think it took more than a couple of minutes 
per frame, after I quit trying not to damage the foundation. After two frames, 
I would pour the tub into a colander lined with cheese cloth over another tub. 
After reading a remark about the best temperature for extracting in one 
of the Dadant books,(with or without extractor), I turned up the heat in my 
house to 90F, and the honey flowed like water. (Of course, I chose to extract 
in the short time of cool weather SoCal has!) It wasted a lot of honey, but I 
had more than enough to give for Christmas, and several holidays past that. 
(60+lbs)    Last time, I went to the honey-supplier's and bought a 
plastic chinese-mfgd extractor. It holds two frames, I cut down on the 
extracting time, but it skittered on the floor, so it had to be held down with 
my feet braced on eithr side, on a damp towel. I also bought an electric 
uncapping knife-cut myself real good-but between the sanitary conditions, the 
*cauterization* and the healing power of the raw honey-I healed in a week! I 
found that the temperature is still important for draining-yep, bought a 
stainless steel drainer which was slow in cooler weather but not as messy as 
cheesecloth.It strained into a plastic tub with a gate-beat using a 4-cup 
cheesecloth-lined funnel!It can be done without the tools; it was amusing 
until the third day, when you cant quit but are quite sick of wax caps and 
honey everywhere. 
As soon as you can, get a stainless steel extractor! The American Bee Journal 
has ads in their classifieds where people sell used equiptment.


Regards, Martha
mfrost@primenet.com


From psevern@iccu6.ipswichcity.qldgov.au Fri Feb 17 22:22:19 EST 1995
Article: 1323 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Phil Severn <psevern@iccu6.ipswichcity.qldgov.au>
Subject: Re: Extracting Honey
Sender: news@ipswichcity.qld.gov.au
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Date: Thu, 16 Feb 1995 01:00:15 GMT
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mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.) wrote:
>
> My 2 cents on extractors.
> 
> 1st   Invest in the very best you can afford!  They hold thier resale value.
> 2nd   Avoid the plastic ones,  they wobble, shake and then break!!!
> 3rd   Heated  honey should never be fed back to bees.
> 
I don't feed bees heated honey but out of curiosity  why is this the case.
I also agree whole heartedly with your views on extractors.


From captted@teleport.com Fri Feb 17 22:22:20 EST 1995
Article: 1324 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: captted@teleport.com (ted wirch)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Varoa Mite
Date: Tue, 14 Feb 1995 22:41:33 UNDEFINED
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Does anybody have an opinion on using the Apistan Strips for Varoa Mite? 
Questions like do you leave them in while you are collecting honey in your 
supers? Do you remove the strips after 45 days? Do you leave them in for a 
year?


From jim2@xmission.com Fri Feb 17 22:22:22 EST 1995
Article: 1325 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jim2@xmission.com (Jim Jackson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: bear fencing?
Date: Wed, 15 Feb 1995 01:52:09
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In article <9502142127591.The_Win-D.rogerpost@delphi.com> rogerpost@delphi.com (Roger Post) writes:
>From: rogerpost@delphi.com (Roger Post)
>Subject: bear fencing?
>Date: 15 Feb 1995 02:26:39 GMT

>Seems to me that an electric fence would work. I have no idea how a bear would 
>react to an electric fence. Most of the time it will keep animals in or out
>but if they react to it with anger then they will just destroy the fence. 

>I can not emagine anyother kind of fence that would work because the bear
>could clime a wooden fence and probably and chain link as well. 

>What did your information say about a fence.

Electric fences or wires are used through out the forests to keep bears from 
garbage bins. Zoos use them extensively also to keep bears and other animals 
from fighting. The pain will turn all but the most hungry bear away. I really 
doubt they would "get mad", just move on.



From jlks@u.washington.edu Fri Feb 17 22:22:23 EST 1995
Article: 1326 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Date: 17 Feb 1995 04:55:24 GMT
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durk.ellison@posnet.co.uk (Durk Ellison) writes:

> It would be interesting if you could give a more detailed account
> of what you saw when you opened and inspected the dead hive.

> Bees killed by Varroa, AFB and EFB are rather easy to detect.
> AFB and EFB by the smell and Varroa by searching the debris.

The first thing I noticed upon opening the hives was virtually 
unmistakable lack of bees.  This was my first tip that the hive was 
dead.  There was no scent (which would have indicated foulbrood), nor 
were the dead larval bees (of which there were few) ropey.  Instead, they 
appeared normal, just not moving.  In fact, it appeared that a handful of 
bees were emerging from their cells when they died (i.e. they were half 
out, half in, fully developed).  There was no visible sign of disease, 
except that a few of the pollen cells had a white coating over the top (I 
assume this is fungus of some sort normally cleared out by the bees).  
Maybe two cells had what looked like waxmoth in them, but I assume that 
this sprang up because the hive was so weak, not the other way around.  
There was a pile of dead bees on the bottom board, but given that the 
whole hive was represented there, it was clear that it was weak when they 
died (or else many left to die).  

There were heavy stores of honey (thus the start of this thread: what do 
I do with it, since I don't have an extractor, and its not worth my while 
to extract only two supers worth), so they didn't starve.

Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/jordan.html



From pollinator@aol.com Fri Feb 17 22:22:24 EST 1995
Article: 1327 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Varoa Mite
Message-ID: <3hug7v$brp@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Date: 15 Feb 1995 22:19:27 -0500
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
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From: captted@teleport.com (ted wirch)
>Does anybody have an opinion on using the Apistan Strips for Varoa Mite? 
Questions like do you leave them in while you are collecting honey in your

supers? 
   Of course not!  It is required by law to read and follow label
directions.  Remember this is a pesticide and NOT following directions is
pesticide MISuse. The directions specifically say not to have strips in
while producing honey.  Not obeying could lead to honey contamination.
Honey has a good name for purity.  Let's keep it!

Also:
>Do you remove the strips after 45 days? Do you leave them in for a 
year?

   Ditto:  read and follow label directions!

Pollinator@aol.com                                           Dave Green
Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC    29554


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Feb 17 22:22:25 EST 1995
Article: 1328 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swiss.ans.net!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Stats on News Group Jan
Date: Fri, 17 Feb 1995 06:18:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950217132053898@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 23        

Offline Xpress Message Folder File - Created on 1995-02-16

        Some Boring Stats on Beekeeping News Group

  Not sure of the date, assume Jan 95. Not sure if you are interested
but posted it anyway cause somebody did a lot of work gathering it.

                        ttul Andy-

    +-- Estimated total number of people who read the group, worldwide.
    |     +-- Actual number of readers in sampled population
    |     |     +-- Propagation: how many sites receive this group at all
    |     |     |      +-- Recent traffic (messages per month)
    |     |     |      |      +-- Recent traffic (megabytes per month)
    |     |     |      |      |      +-- Crossposting percentage
    |     |     |      |      |      |    +-- Cost ratio: $US/month/rdr
    |     |     |      |      |      |    |      +-- Share: % of newsrders
    |     |     |      |      |      |    |      |   who read this group.
    V     V     V      V      V      V    V      V
  9600    79   53%   130     0.2    11%  0.02   0.1% sci.agr.beekeeper

    Please don't ask me to decode this yet as this is the first one
I have seen. As I find out more I will let you in on it..


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Feb 17 22:22:26 EST 1995
Article: 1329 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!willis.cis.uab.edu!nntp.msstate.edu!olivea!spool.mu.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: some Honey Prices Jan
Date: Thu, 16 Feb 1995 20:15:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950216170028890@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 26        

   ___________________________________________________________________
  (///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
  (///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
  /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
 |    Some January 1995 Honey Prices (sales in Dec)                    |
 |                                                                     |
 |    Ca  Alfalfa mix        exl-la         .45 - .46  FOB             |
 |    Nd  Clover             ww             .50 - .57   "              |
 |    Fl  Orange             w              .50         "              |
 |    Fl    "                exl            .49 - .51   "              |
 |    Fl Mixed Flowers       la-a           .43 - .45   "              |
 |    Tx Tallow              exl-la         .46 - .47   fob            |
 |    Canadian  uk           w              .53 (US)    poe            |
 |    China  Mixed           w              .43 1/4     poe            |
 |    Argentina Clover       w              .53 3/4     poe  Mar-Apr   |
 |    Argentina uk           w              .47 1/2                    |
 |                                                                     |
 |    INPORTS TO USA through Oct 94  46,000,000 kilograms              |
 [_____________________________________________________________________]
   FOB=fright paid, POE=fright paid to point of entry




        
        


From pollinator@aol.com Fri Feb 17 22:22:28 EST 1995
Article: 1330 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Message-ID: <3hugpe$c1u@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Date: 15 Feb 1995 22:28:46 -0500
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Sharon Labchuk says:
>I,m looking for suggestions for remonving honey from combs without
benefit of an extractor.

    Another thought:  You can take a cappings scratcher (available from
bee supply places), and carefully scratch away the comb until you are
almost to the midrib.  Then strain the result through some pantyhose. 
Works best if it is warm. 

Pollinator@aol.com          Dave Green
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC  29554


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Feb 17 22:22:29 EST 1995
Article: 1331 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: Thu, 16 Feb 1995 07:11:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950216074011884@beenet.com>
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 |-----------------|Dicka@cuug.Ab.Ca (allen Dick 546-2588)refer#: None
 wrote:
>David J Trickett (djt@dolphin.upenn.edu) wrote:
>: Jordan Schwartz (jlks@u.washington.edu) wrote:
>: : It seems to me that once upon a time, people extracted honey without t
>: : aid of mechanical devices.  I saw a PBS special a couple months back
>: : about honey harvesters in the Himalayas or some such far flung locale
>: : where they would seperate the wax from the honey by boiling (heating)
>: : it.  Needless to say, this will destroy your comb, but I'm curious if
>: : anyone has ever tried this?
>
>: Yes, but this will also destroy the flavor of your honey.  Wax melts at
>: approximately 150 degrees F., My understanding is that temperatures
>: above approximately 120 degrees F. will damage honey flavor (those in
>: the know, does this have anything to do with the temperature at which
>: enzymes start breaking down?)  Certainly, boiling it will damage it.
 |----end quotes---------------------------------|

                              Gosh Guys,
   ______________________
  (//////////////////////)    I was not going to get into this, butt,
  (//////////////////////)    for sure this is not a recommendation.
  /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
 |     Wild Flower!       |   Forty years ago when I was several years
 |                        |   younger and had lots of hair, I had a
 |  _   _          \    / |   neighbor who was a native of France and
 | | |_| | __      _ \/   |   a old time beekeeper. You know the kind
 | | |-| |:  :|\ |:_ ::   |   with a full flowing beard and bib cover-
 | |_| |_|:__:| \|:_ ||   |   alls diving around in a beat up old Dodge
 |                        |   12 cylinder truck running on 10.
 |  Product of USA..16oz  |
 |________________________|   Anyway this old beeman was truly a good

beekeeper if only a little hard to understand because of his broken
English and French accents but we both spoke the common language of
beekeeping. Being young myself and with a real vacuum for bee knowledge
I watched and listen to every word as he worked one of his bee yards in
an eucalyptus or blue gum grove. The flow was on and the black beasts he
called his French bees filled the air and the supers were chuck a block
full of honey. Don't remember getting stung more then a few times, I had
not veil as he wore none and to do less would certainty show disrespect
towards his bees or or his beekeeping skills, or some such bull. But for
certain if I would have looked a little foolish wearing a veil when he
had none. He did have a tulle veil wrapped around his straw hat, the
first one I had ever seen, and was smoking the bees with a big smoker
filled with eucalyptus leaves and bark. The pungent odor which still
turns my clock back when I remember to take some out with me to my own
bee yards.

   I learned a lot during my visits with this beeman, about keeping bees
maybe the old way he brought with him from France. How to raise queens
without a grafting tool and the like. I did not get into extracting
honey until many visits later. I had seen his honey in its clean
attractive labeled quart mason jars in several local stores and assumed
he had a extracting setup like the one's I had read about in the bee
journals and seen on other beekeeper visits. Hopefully better then
what I had in the old pump house.

   One day several years later, by now I knew it all, and had bees of
my own, I looked this old beeman up to see how he was doing and look at
his extracting set up. When I dropped in he was busy jarring up some
nice looking honey, blue gum, not sage or clover, and it was a good
extra light amber, just missing a low white in color and I tasted it and
no doubts about it, it was eucalyptus, as all eucalyptus tastes like
eucalyptus. Its not bad, if you have never tasted it, it will remind you
of old fashioned cough drops.. Never was sure if eating those box after
box of cough drops would make me any sicker then the cough, but I know
the Smith Brothers were part of my early life as a box of these would go
farther at the 15 cent Saturday matinee then just about anything else
you could get for a nickel. I always got a quarter on Saturday to go
to the town theater, the one we called the flea house, so I could get
two boxes, saved me many a time from biting my tongue during the best
part of the saturday serial and from throwing my pop corn around if I
had got some instead of the Smith Bro's, and the cowboy hero would dare
kiss anything but his horse.

   Anyway his honey house as his honey was clean, neat, and attractive.
I then notice nothing that appeared to be an extractor, lots of nice
shinney stainless steal double boilers, the kind you used to see at the
fish market for boiling fresh crabs alive, to watch them turn red, but
no extractors. So I asked, and was told he never owned one....Yes he
melted the honey out of the combs, cut it out first, and put the wired
frame's back in the hives with starter foundation, a small strip
attached to the top of the frames for the bees to cluster on and draw
out new combs. Of course these combs would have lots of wild size cells
or drone cells, but over the years he had saved out plenty of good brood
combs that I would not have known the difference from drawn combs on
good foundation. He was not the only old time beekeeper I knew that did
not use foundation, but the only one I met that produced honey and did
not own an extractor.

   How did he do it, well for sure he never boiled the honey or it would
be as dark as a black night and have a taste that would stay with you
far longer then the calories. He heated it just hot enough to melt the
wax, and then drew the honey off from the bottom. His tanks were water
jacked and heated with adjustable gas burners. His wax was very nice
looking and he turned it into hand dipped candles. To this day I would
not criticize this beeman for his method of extracting honey, it worked
for him and my guess it worked for his dad and his dad's dad. He had no
trouble selling his honey and people would come to his home to pick it
up, and it sold well in the few stores he marketed it in. He's long gone
now and with him a page of history in this area as I have not met any
other beeman then or since that extracts his honey this way.

                          ttul Andy-


From phrrv@csv.warwick.ac.uk Sun Feb 19 12:11:38 EST 1995
Article: 1332 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: phrrv@csv.warwick.ac.uk (Dr G A Cooke)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: 17 Feb 1995 10:16:29 -0000
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In article <3hqr11$5rs@nntp1.u.washington.edu>,
	jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) writes:
>It seems to me that once upon a time, people extracted honey without the 
>aid of mechanical devices.  I saw a PBS special a couple months back 
>about honey harvesters in the Himalayas or some such far flung locale 
>where they would seperate the wax from the honey by boiling (heating) 
>it.  Needless to say, this will destroy your comb, but I'm curious if 
>anyone has ever tried this.

Here in the UK a major crop is oil seed rape, much favoured by the 
bees.  The honey produced from this crop granulates in a few weeks,
or less!  If it granulates in the comb it is very hard to extract.
In the past I have resorted to melting the whole comb and letting the
liquid cool.  The wax can then be lifted off and the honey poured.
The secret is not to let the mixture get too hot otherwise the honey 
will be damaged, but it does mean that you can at least get at the 
stuff.  This method is not really to be recomended as it destroys comb, 
thereby making more work for both bees and beekeeper, and it risks 
damage to the honey.  It also takes a very long time to do properly as
the heating rate is slow, it must NOT be boiled, 65C is high enough.

Graham   G.A.Cooke@csv.warwick.ac.uk


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Sun Feb 19 12:11:39 EST 1995
Article: 1333 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: 17 Feb 1995 14:38:46 GMT
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PEI Environmental Network (peien@bud.peinet.pe.ca) wrote:
: I,m looking for suggestions for remonving honey from combs without
: benefit of an extractor.  I have three supers of honey and no
: extractor (couldn't afford a new one last year and couldn't find
: one used).  I've tried scratching the combs open and letting them
: drip into a container.  This works alright but is extremely slow. 
: Any ideas?

:                          
:                        Sharon Labchuk
:                        peien@peinet.pe.ca
:                  


I did a little more reading on the topic(s) and found a couple things to
add.

First, in answer to my own question of why you shouldn't feed honey
that has been heated to bees, the reason seems to have to do with whether
or not the honey gets caramelized as a result of the heating.  According to
Dadant's "First Lessons in Beekeeping," sour (partially fermented) honey
can be fed back to bees after heating, but the temperature should not
exceed 150 degrees and the heating period should be as short as 
possible.  They don't go into specifics, but I'm assuming the heat drives 
off the alcohol.  (For the record, I think I'd stay away from feeding 
fermented honey to bees even if you did heat it.  It might make an 
interesting vinegar though.)  The point is that "heated honey," per se, 
apparently can be fed back to bees under some circumstances at least.

"The Hive and the Honey Bee" warns that caramelization can occur if honey
is overheated (for example, exceeding 150 degrees or without a water
jacket/double boiler setup).  This may be the basis for general injunctions
against feeding heated honey.  I.e., caramelization changes the chemical
composition of the constituent sugars to substances the bees can't
process.  Unfortunately, I did not find any overt references to the 
feeding of heated honey to bees (pro or con) in this text. 

As for the discussion regarding gentle/flash heating/warming of honey for
extraction purposes, VOCs (volatile organic compounds - not the same one's
that are smog precursors though) are a significant contributor to the
flavor/aroma of honey and these, by definition, have a low heat of
vaporization (i.e., it doesn't take much in the way of heat to drive them
off).  So, while I certainly agree you can heat heat honey to facilitate
extraction, and that in the absence of an extractor, melting the comb may
be the only viable means of processing LARGE amounts, I maintain that
doing so reduces the quality in terms of flavor.  If you are a hobbyist, 
this is probably the the quality you are trying to maximize.

In addition, enzymes are also present in honey, do break down with
moderate heat, and are essential for the "ripening" process.  Some of
these (e.g., sucrase) continue operating after capping, others (e.g.,
glucose oxidase) don't).  As a matter of fact, the concentration in honey
of a third (diastase) is sometimes used to estimate exposure to
heating (this has some problems due to concurrent breakdown of the enyzme
with aging, and because the level in fresh honey is not a constant).  I 
haven't seen anything in the literature indicating that enyzyme content 
contributes to the flavor of honey, however (besides altering sugar ratios).

In the context of the original question - extracting a few dozen frames -
if you are willing to destroy the comb in the process of extracting, you
might as well squeeze the honey out and at least maximize your harvest. 
If you want to preserve the comb, the advice given by other writers about
scraping ) particularly at or about hive temperatures) seems sound -
though awfully slow.  But I still caution you about water absorption - the
bees do cap the cells for a reason, afterall.  (In a dry climate, this may
not be a problem - here in PA, during the humid summer months, it'd be
asking for trouble.)

- Dave 
   



From I.McDonald@open.ac.uk Sun Feb 19 12:11:40 EST 1995
Article: 1334 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: I.McDonald@open.ac.uk ()
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: 17 Feb 1995 13:03:41 GMT
Organization: The Open University
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In article <3i1t1t$m79@crocus.csv.warwick.ac.uk>, phrrv@csv.warwick.ac.uk (Dr G A Cooke) writes:
> In article <3hqr11$5rs@nntp1.u.washington.edu>,
> 	jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz) writes:
> >It seems to me that once upon a time, people extracted honey without the 
> >aid of mechanical devices.  I saw a PBS special a couple months back 
...
> Here in the UK a major crop is oil seed rape, much favoured by the 
> bees.  The honey produced from this crop granulates in a few weeks,
> or less!  If it granulates in the comb it is very hard to extract.
> In the past I have resorted to melting the whole comb and letting the
> liquid cool.  The wax can then be lifted off and the honey poured.

If the comb is to be destroyed (I too have been caught out with oil seed rape honey crystallizing) then why not just cut out the comb and honey in chunks... put in the fridge in a box to keep cool and firm... delicious on its own (beats fudge toffee) or on bread. The down side is the extra work for the bees drawing new comb on the foundation to replace the one just destroyed.

My neighbours keep asking if I've got any more 'ruined frames' :-)

Regards,
	Ian McD



From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Sun Feb 19 12:11:42 EST 1995
Article: 1335 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Extracting Honey
Date: Thu, 16 Feb 95 13:16:12 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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In article <3hu5hk$kab@netnews.upenn.edu>
djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett) writes:
 
>
>-verville d.f. (mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com) wrote:
>: My 2 cents on extractors.
>
>: 3rd   Heated honey should never be fed back to bees.
>
>Why not?
>
 
Heated honey causes the honey to caramelize (akin to sugar and molasses)
and the caramelized honey causes dysentery in the bees.


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sun Feb 19 12:11:44 EST 1995
Article: 1336 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Apis 2/95
Date: 18 Feb 1995 02:28:08 GMT
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Keywords: Bee, beekeeping, apis, magazine, sanford,


            Florida Extension Beekeeping Newsletter
    Apis--Apicultural Information and Issues (ISSN 0889-3764)
               Volume 13, Number 2, February 1995
 
      Copyright (c) 1995 M.T. Sanford "All Rights Reserved"
 
                       FRANK RANDALL DIES
 
     Florida beekeeping lost yet another committed leader with
the death of Frank Randall in January.  He served the industry in
many ways over the last four decades, including the presidency
and vice presidency of the Sioux Bee Honey Cooperative.  Frank
was an active member and sometimes officer of the South Florida
Beekeepers Association, Central Florida Beekeepers Association,
Tampa Bay Beekeepers Association and the Florida State Beekeepers
Association.  He also was a recently-appointed member of the
National Honey Board and a long-time supporter of the American
Beekeeping Federation.
 
     Many knew Frank as the second-generation operator of
Randall's Wax Works.  Those of us in Florida also knew him as a
person who would participate at almost any gathering of
importance to the bee industry.  He was especially active at
meetings of the Honey Bee Technical Council of the Division of
Plant Industry, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer
Services.  Frank brought a wealth of knowledge about bees and
beekeeping to industry concerns, and it was often used to advance
deliberations toward successful conclusions.  For his
contributions to the apicultural industry, he was honored as the
1989 "Beekeeper of Year" by the Florida State Beekeepers
Association and received an award with the same title in 1994
from the Sioux Bee Honey Association.
 
     Frank was also active in other organizations, not intimately
associated with beekeeping.  He was a member of the Moore Haven,
Glades County and Umatilla fire departments, the Glades County
Hunt Club and a veteran of the National Guard.
 
     Florida's bee industry will miss Frank Randall in many ways.
He was truly one of the sunshine state's beekeeping icons.
Fortunately, his legacy will live on in the Wax Works that bears
his family's name.  Frank's wife, Charlotte, along with the other
Randalls of Umatilla, plan to continue providing the quality
beeswax foundation that many have come to rely on, not only in
the southeast, but all across in the United States.
 
              FLUVALINATE--USE IT RIGHT OR LOSE IT!
 
     It is now official!  Resistance to fluvalinate, the active
ingredient in Apistan (R), has been found in Varroa mites.  This
was published in the February 1995 issue of Bee Culture (Vol.
123, No. 2, pp. 80-81) in "9th International Congress of
Acarology," by E. Sugden, K. Williams and D. Sammataro.
According to these authors: "The most ominous report came from
Dr. Roberto Nannelli of Italy.  He has found areas where Varroa
mites are over 90 percent fluvalinate-resistant, and his claims
have been confirmed by German scientists."
 
     Oscar Coindreau, representative of Sandoz Agro, the company
that makes Apistan (R), also verified this report at the recent
meeting of the American Beekeeping Federation in Austin, TX.  He
indicated that resistance was patchy in Italy, but in certain
areas, Apistan (R) provided no control.  And it doesn't take much
resistance before Apistan (R) loses its effectiveness, according
to Mr. Coindreau, because anything less than 99 percent control,
is in reality, no control.  That's because mite populations tend
to bounce back so readily in populous bee colonies.
 
     All investigators indicate that the cause of this resistance
is not Apistan (R), but beekeepers' misuse of other formulations
of fluvalinate.  In Europe the product is called Klartan (R) and
in the United States, Mavrik (R).  All agree the use of these
chemical products soaked into wooden strips, cardboard, paper
towels, or in some cases, simply sprayed into colonies, is a
certain recipe for developing resistant Varroa mites.
 
     Although considered "ominous" in Europe, in the United
States resistant mites mean disaster.  That's because most other
countries of the world have alternative treatments that are
legal.  According to the authors of the article:  "In general,
European scientists felt that the best way to slow development of
resistance in the mites is to have at least two types of
treatment which could be applied alternately."  This advice is
mirrored in many other situations where possible resistance in
organisms to pesticides and antibiotics exists (see "When Bugs
Fight Back," APIS, Vol. 12, No. 11, November 1994).  It turns out
that some European countries even have three Varroa mite
treatments to turn to, rotating Apistan (R) with formic acid and
amitraz.
 
     In contrast to those in Europe, United States beekeepers
have only one legal treatment, Apistan (R).  The only other
candidate treatment at the moment in the United States is formic
acid.  Although generally effective, there can be many
complications in using this product, including, queen and worker
loss even when applied correctly.  It is also caustic, one reason
it is not looked on favorably by regulatory officials.  According
to one German researcher, efforts need to be increased to develop
a formic acid-based product that is safe and foolproof, and can
be registered quickly.
 
       The authors of the article, therefore, conclude:  "It may
not be a question of 'if' but only 'when and where' the first
super-Varroa mites will show up in North America.  This should
serve a warning to all beekeepers to use control methods only as
directed on their labels."
 
     The best way to ensure killing as many mites as possible
without developing super Varroa resistant to fluvalinate is to
use Apistan (R) right and only once.  This philosophy, along with
proper application recommendations, was published in the fall
1994, Apiculture Newsletter, published by the Ontario Ministry of
Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Here is what the authors (G. Grant, and M. Nasr, in consultation
with L. Goczan of Sandoz Agro Canada) say in their article
"Apistan Strips - Use'em Right, Use'em once!":
 
     "Apistan (R) is a plastic strip that contains a miticide,
fluvalinate.  Fluvalinate is a contact poison that kills Varroa
mite.  But Varroa mites must contact the right dose before they
die.
 
     "Fluvalinate does not mix with water, but it does mix well
with oils and waxes.  As bees walk over the strip, the
fluvalinate moves into the oils found on the surface of their
bodies.  When bees contact each other in the hive, the miticide
is passed on.  In a matter of hours all the bees in the hive are
covered with fluvalinate.  Adult mites that contact these bees
will be killed by the miticide.
 
     "As fluvalinate is picked up from the surface of the strip
the concentration drops.  More fluvalinate then moves out from
the center of the strip to the outside surface.  The strip is
designed to deliver the correct amount of miticide to the surface
over the 42-day treatment period.
 
     "Eventually most of the fluvalinate is removed from the
strip -- the strip is spent.  There is no longer enough miticide
left in the strip to kill Varroa mites....
 
     "Why a 42-day treatment period?  Worker bees take 21 days to
develop from egg to adult.  Drones need up to 24 days to develop.
By leaving the strips in the hive for 42 days or two worker bee
generations, all adult mites and their matured offspring will be
exposed to the miticide.  Remember, the mite must contact the
fluvalinate in order to be killed.  Mites in capped brood cells
escape exposure until they emerge from the cell with the adult
bee.
 
     "Why not leave strips in over winter?  Because two potential
problems might occur:
 
1.  Residues- fluvalinate mixes with oils and waxes.  Leaving
strips in over winter might result in a build up of residues in
the wax.
 
2.  Resistance- mites are not equally susceptible to fluvalinate.
Leaving mites in contact with spent strips may kill the most
susceptible mites, leaving the more resistant mites to reproduce
in their place."
 
     "Use one (1) strip for every five (5) frames covered by bees
in brood boxes.  Some strong hives may need three strips, some
weak hives will only need one.  Place strips down between the
frames so that they contact each side of the cluster.  The
average hive will likely need two.
 
     "Can Apistan strips be reused?  No, with one exception.
There is no sure way of knowing if enough fluvalinate remains in
a strip to guarantee that it will work a second time.
 
     "The exception:  If the strip was used once, only for three
days to detect mites, and if the strip was then stored properly
between use, you might reuse the strip.  You might reuse it for
either detecting mites for a 3-day period or for one 42-day
treatment.
 
     "Store strips in a cool, dry and dark location wrapped in
aluminum foil in an air-tight bag.  Avoid direct sunlight.  Don't
store strips near chemicals or pesticides.  Don't store strips
where they could contaminate food, feed or water.
 
     "In Ontario, Apistan (R) is registered as a Schedule 3
pesticide.  As with other 'homeowner' products, strips are
approved for disposal in municipal landfills.  Some
municipalities have their own special requirements for disposal
of Schedule 3 pesticides."
 
     In the United States, the instructions on the label are the
law.  They must be followed, even if varying from what the
authors say in the above article or other writings on the
subject.  In addition, when applying Apistan (R), or any
registered chemical, the person must have in his possession a
copy of the label.
 
     Thus, when it comes to Apistan (R), the old adage, "use it
or lose it," must be modified.  If U.S. beekeepers are to
maximize the utility of the one legal and effective treatment
they have for Varroa, what many consider the most dangerous
organism affecting beekeeping today, they must "use it right or
lose it."
 
              NATIONAL HONEY BOARD EVALUATES ITSELF
 
     What do you get for your money?  That's the question the
National Honey Board (NHB) tried to answer at the recent American
Beekeeping Fedearation convention in Austin, TX.
 
     To set the stage, the executive director Bob Smith said, the
Board's goal is to promote and maintain existing demand for honey
and while increasing demand in selected markets.  The NHB must
not be crisis oriented, he said, but must focus on what it does
best, long-range promotional efforts of honey.  One indication of
industry support, Mr. Smith concluded, is that the vast majority
of handlers are assiduously collecting NHB assessments in a
timely manner.
 
     The NHB budget is about $3 million.  Sherry Jennings the
Board's industry relations director, provided an overview on how
this money is being used.  The vast majority is honey promotion
(50%), followed by food technology (16%) and Foodservice (10%).
Product research consumes six percent and crisis management four
percent. table shows that most funds being expended in consumer
promotion.
 
     In keeping with its basic mission, the Board engages in a
great many advertising projects throughout the year and has an
excellent rapport with the press.  There have been a couple of
"Hints for Heloise" columns that featured honey, due to the
efforts of Mary Humann, the Board's press relations officer.
Any beekeeper can also request a honey sales kit from the Board,
as well as brochures to help in local sales efforts.  Contact the
Board toll free at 800/553-7162.
 
     Perhaps the most exciting area for the Board is the
development of new products.  Ms. Jennings discussed projects
concerned with honey meats (poultry particularly), honey frozen
deserts (yogurt), honey spreads, and honey beers.  Several
microbreweries have launched honey-based beer with good success,
including Samuel Adams.  Other research being supported by the
Board, Ms. Jennings said, is concerned with honey and fat systems
(peanut butter), honey and flavor enhancement, honey in
microwaveable foods, and honey use in fat-free potato chips and
frozen baking dough.
 
     It is impossible to describe all the programs and
initiatives described at the Austin meeting, but fortunately, the
Board has published a brochure detailing many of them, along with
thumbnail sketches and photos of all Board members.  It is called
"Building a Successful Future."   This publication reveals the
vitality of the Board's programs and makes excellent promotional
material for those who ask where their assessments are going and
how they are being spent.  For a copy contact the Office of the
American Beekeeping Federation, P.O. Box 1048, Jesup, GA 31545,
ph 912/427-8447.
 
Sincerely,
 
 
 
Malcolm T. Sanford
Bldg 970, Box 110620
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611-0620
Phone (904) 392-1801, Ext. 143
FAX: 904-392-0190
BITNET Address: MTS@IFASGNV; INTERNET Address: MTS@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU
APIS on the World Wide Web--http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu/~entweb/apis/apis.htm
Copyright (c) M.T. Sanford 1995  "All Rights Reserved"

-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Sun Feb 19 12:11:45 EST 1995
Article: 1337 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Extracting Honey
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Date: Wed, 15 Feb 1995 12:41:47 GMT
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My 2 cents on extractors.

1st   Invest in the very best you can afford!  They hold thier resale value.
2nd   Avoid the plastic ones,  they wobble, shake and then break!!!
3rd   Heated  honey should never be fed back to bees.



From 76012.1452@CompuServe.COM Sun Feb 19 12:11:46 EST 1995
Article: 1338 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: TOM LEWIS <76012.1452@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: extracting honey nylon buckets
Date: 17 Feb 1995 04:42:46 GMT
Organization: via CompuServe Information Service
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I have extracted honey from my bees for 8 years without an extractor.
First, i use plastic super frames with a solid central patterned panel.
I also have a series of three clean nylon 5 gallon buckets.
The bottom one has a honey gate, the middle one has numerous 1/8th inch
holes drilled into it.  The last bucket has had the bottom cut out
of it and serves to create a long enough space to hold several frames
and get the lid on the top bucket.

When its time to harvest, I take a super at a time and after clearing
it of bees, bring it to my stack - o - buckets.  Taking 1 frame at a time
I use a hive tool to scrape the comb into the bucket with a minimum of
damage to the cell bottoms.  I can get 3 frames in the bucket at a time.
I let them drain and then put them in a super to give back to the bees.
   
The honey drains through the holes, settles for a day or so and then gated
into jars.

The bees pick and clean the wax scrap, leaving relatively clean wax.  I
find the bees can redraw the comb in 3-4 days if they really need it.

total cost.. 1 honey gate.

Be sure you use food grade nylon buckets.  Mine came from an ice cream
factory and held cherries for the cherry ice cream. 

be glad to send drawings or more detail
Tom Lewis
Richmond, Va
25 yrs beekeeper


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun Feb 19 12:11:47 EST 1995
Article: 1339 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Honey, Frozen Chicken & Beef
Date: Sat, 18 Feb 1995 05:43:00 GMT
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Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 13        


*found road killed on the internet highway*

<>
This message was from Ab Mobasher <iammktg@halcyon.halcyon.com>

Mid Amber Honey From China @$1,250 MT
US Chicken $@985MT
Mongolian Beef @$1,655MT

For mor information please include your street address, Fax/ph.

<>


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sun Feb 19 12:11:49 EST 1995
Article: 1340 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey, Frozen Chicken & Beef
Date: 19 Feb 1995 04:02:14 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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Andy Nachbaur <andy.nachbaur@beenet.com> wrote:

>*found road killed on the internet highway*
><>
>This message was from Ab Mobasher <iammktg@halcyon.halcyon.com>
>
>Mid Amber Honey From China @$1,250 MT
>US Chicken $@985MT
>Mongolian Beef @$1,655MT
>
>For mor information please include your street address, Fax/ph.
>

Andy: please tell us what this means.
Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Mon Feb 20 22:40:12 EST 1995
Article: 1341 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: 16 Feb 1995 03:51:37 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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In article <3hugpe$c1u@newsbf02.news.aol.com>,
Pollinator <pollinator@aol.com> wrote:
>Sharon Labchuk says:
>>I,m looking for suggestions for remonving honey from combs without
>benefit of an extractor.
>
>    Another thought:  You can take a cappings scratcher (available from
>bee supply places), and carefully scratch away the comb until you are
>almost to the midrib.  Then strain the result through some pantyhose. 
>Works best if it is warm. 


 In a pinch you can use a fork.
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu Mon Feb 20 22:40:14 EST 1995
Article: 1342 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu (David M. Stamper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: PETA and bees
Date: Sun, 19 Feb 1995 05:36:03 GMT
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The following info was posted on talk.politics.animals.  The responses are 
mine.  Please add anything you think is necessary, as I am a newbie beekeeper. 
I tried to be as precise as possible, though.  Cross-posting is cool, 
sometimes.

>> dgraft@news.gate.net (Donald Graft) writes:

>>Here is the PeTA Factsheet covering bees. All the factsheets will soon
>>be available on the imminent PeTA homepage.

>>   Each year, the down, silk, and honey industries kill thousands of
>>   geese, silkworms, and bees, respectively. Silk and honey producers
>>   excuse their actions with claims that worms and bees are "simple"
>>   forms of life, but consumers are beginning to question the unnecessary
>>   killing of even tiny, sometimes socially complex creatures like these.
>   
>>How About Honey?

>>   In the honey industry, the buzz word is profit. Like factory farmers,
>>   many beekeepers take inhumane steps to ensure personal safety and
>>   reach production quotas. It is not unusual for larger honey producers
>>   to cut off the wings of the queen bee so that she cannot leave the
>>   colony, or to have her artificially inseminated on a bee-sized version
>>   of the factory farm "rape rack." (6) 

>The cutting of wings is typically done to either mark the queen or reduce 
>(not eliminate) the ability of the colony to swarm.  There is absolutely NO 
>indication that this causes the queen bee (which can sting) any discomfort.  

>The "rape rack" is obviously an emotional plea based on non-relevant material. 
>Artificial insemination is no more a rape than the gang rape that virgin 
>queens would get under natural conditions.

>>   When the keeper wants to move a
>>   queen to a new colony, she is carried with "body-guard" bees, all of
>>   whom--if they survive transport-- will be killed by bees in the new
>>   colony. 

>This is a complete lie.  The bees shipped with the queen in the cage are not 
>"body-guards", they are "nurses".  When the new queen and her attendants (in 
>the cage) are placed in the queenless hive, the workers eat the candy plug 
>from one end of the cage.  Meanwhile, honey and pollen are being passed back 
>and forth through the wire of the cage, therby spreading the new queen's 
>pheremones throughout the hive.  By the time the candy plug is removed, the 
>hive will accept the new queen AND her attendants.

>>   Large commercial operations also may take all the honey instead of 
>>   leaving the 60 pounds or so that bees need to get through the winter.
>>   They replace the rich honey with a cheap sugar substitute that is not
>>   as fortifying or tasty. 

>This is perhaps misleading.  What is meant by a "cheap sugar substitute"?  Is 
>such cases, sugar (sucrose) is fed to the bees to get them through the winter. 
>No sugar substitute is sufficient.  Nutrisweet and saccharin are not used.  
>Bees actually prefer food sources based mainly on sugar content.  For example, 
>a 50 % sugar solution (a cheap sugar substitute- by the PETA definition) is 
>preferred by bees who have free access to nectar with a 40% sugar 
>concentration (Free, J.B., and M.V. Smith, 1961).  They are apparently capable 
>of determining which food source is most efficient for them to gather and 
>base this decision on sugar content and distance from the hive.  

>A summary for this:  the bees do think sugar is fortifying and tasty.

>>   In colder areas, if the keepers consider it
>>   too costly to keep the bees alive through the winter, "disposable"
>>   hives allow them to destroy the hives by pouring gasoline on them,
>>   killing most of the bees with the fumes, and setting them on fire.

>Another lie.

>I wish I knew where I could get some of these "disposable" hives.  None of my 
>beekeeping suply catalogs have such equipment.  A commercial-sized hive 
>typically costs more than $400.  Clearly, such a practice would not be 
>cost-effective.  

>Hives are destroyed by fire for other reasons, however.  It is generally 
>required by law to burn hives infected with American Foulbrood, caused by the 
>bacterium Bacillus larvae.  This disease is HIGHLY contagious and responds 
>only moderately to antibiotics- which cannot be used during a honey flow.  
>Since the causal agent can exist as a stress-resistant spore, the only real 
>treatment is complete destruction of the hive.  The bees are killed, and the 
>beekeeper is out his $400.

>>   Other times, keepers, who feel that lost bees are easily replaced,
>>   allow them to die when trees are sprayed with insecticide. 

>More lies.

>It is not possible to prevent bees exposed to pesticides from dying, 
>though there generally are legal means of prosecuting someone who sprays 
>pesticide on honey crops without warning beekeepers.  A general claim that 
>beekeeping is an industry based on profits is not supported by a practice of 
>haphazard killing of bees.  If bees are killed by pesticide, that often means 
>that that hive will either be killed or severely weakened (depending on the 
>pesticide), and the beekeeper will have NO honey surplus from that hive that 
>year.  It is not a trivial thing to build up a strong, economically-viable 
>hive and commercial beekeepers work very hard to limit the dangers their bees 
>face.

>>   Bees are often killed, 
>>   or their wings and legs torn off, by haphazard handling.

>Yes, this is true.  Bees are also killed by animal rights Nazis going for 
>walks in the park.  So what.  Beekeepers generally take great care to minimize 
>the number of bees injured or killed during hive manipulation for a very 
>simple reason:  when bees are injured, they tend to sting.  When bees sting, 
>they release an alarm chemical, isoamyl acetate, which incites other bees to 
>sting.  Beekeepers generally wish to minimize the stings they receive, and it 
>is common to NOT get stung when manipulating a hive.

>>   To produce a pound of honey, bees must get pollen from 2 million
>>   flowers, and must fly more than 55,000 miles. (7) Honeybees
>>   returning to the hive from a pollen-seeking expedition "dance" in
>>   figure eights to "map out" a route for other bees to follow. These
>>   dances "encode information about the distance and direction of a
>>   target that can be miles away from the nest," said Thomas D. Seeley of
>>   Cornell University. (8) 

>Does this somehow represent an official PETA position on the exploitation of 
>bees?   

>>   According to the Cook-DuPage Beekeepers' Association, humans have been
>>   using honey since about 15,000 B.C., but it took until the 20th
>>   century for people to turn bees into factory-farm animals. In 1987 the
>>   honey "crop" netted $115.4 million. (9) 

>Again, is this a PETA position?  Or is it just an opportunity to use the 
>buzz-words factory farm?  Factory farms produce nearly all the food we eat, 
>including the food the animal rights Nazis eat.

>>   Luckily, many sweeteners are
>>   made without killing bees: rice syrup, molasses, sorghum, barely malt,
>>   maple syrup, and dried fruit or fruit concentrates can replace honey
>>   in recipes. (10) Use these substitutes to keep your diet bee-free.

>Lucky for whom?  None of these products can replace honey in recepies without 
>changing the flavor.  Maple syrup is probably the only thing in your list that 
>I enjoy.  Unfortunately, it costs about $25/gallon.    

>   
>>  REFERENCES 
>>    1. "And a Cow Jumped Over the Moon," The Animals' Voice, February
>>       1989, p. 56. 
>>    2. Henry Kamm, "No Bed of Feathers for a Goose in Hungary," The New
>>       York Times, June 2, 1988. 
>>    3. Ibid. 
>>    4. Marcia Pearson, "Down," The Compassionate Shopper, Winter 1987-88.
>>    5. Al Schneider, "Down-Filled Clothing vs. Synthetics," Letters, The
>>       Washington Post Health Section, Jan. 16, 1990. 
>>    6. Arthur Ling, "Ain't So Sweet: The Other Side of Honey," The Vegan,
>>       Spring 1988, pp. 12-13. 
>>    7. Wally Spiers, Belleville News-Democrat, Sept. 11, 1988. 
>>    8. Rick Weiss, "New Dancer in the Hive," Science News, Oct. 28, 1989,
>>       p. 282. 
>>    9. Spiers. 
>>   10. Victoria Moran, "Leaving the Land of Milk and Honey," The Animals'
>>       Agenda, March 1988, p. 48. 

>Very few of your references are unbiased.  The good references do not support 
>your goal of vilifying beekeepers as evil.
>    
>>   [IMAGE] People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals 
>>   P.O. Box 42516, Washington, DC 20015 
>>   301-770-PETA 
>>-- 
>>Donald Graft
>>Read the Animal Rights FAQ!  available from...dgraft@gate.net
>>Animal Rights Resource Site (ARRS) http://www.umanitoba.ca/arrs/index.html

>Thanks for the easy flamebait, Don.  You PETA people mean well at heart, 
>except that you are imprecise, distort the truth, and lie in order to promote 
>your bizarre values.  It is completely ridiculous that no animals should ever 
>be killed as a result of human actions. 

>Dave
>-------------------------------------------------------------
>The following is not my opinion.  It is Thrill's.  
>It is funny only because we know she means it.

>Don't act like being an omnivore is natural. You are an omnivore by 
>choice. It is your choice because you don't care about animals and you 
>are a murderer. You are a murderer because you are inherintly evil.
>You are evil because you sent to earth by satan. The moral of the story?  
>Thrill is an angel sent from heaven to destroy all evil. Rejoice!
>-------------------------------------------------------------



From prgramly@prairienet.org Mon Feb 20 22:40:15 EST 1995
Article: 1343 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!willis.cis.uab.edu!ddsw1!news.kei.com!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!prairienet.org!prgramly
From: prgramly@prairienet.org (Phillip R. Gramly)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: queen raising in a backyard lot
Date: 19 Feb 1995 06:21:27 GMT
Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana
Lines: 52
Message-ID: <3i6o17$of5@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu>
Reply-To: prgramly@prairienet.org (Phillip R. Gramly)
NNTP-Posting-Host: firefly.prairienet.org


I have been amoung the bees for 3 years now in central Illinois,
the land of many of the bee inovating greats. for as short a time
as i've been in this, i've had a broad range of experience.
i've had trouble getting my bees thru the winter. last winter i had
three hives going in and only came out with one. so i ordered a 
2 lb. package and did a simple split with my one and only hive. 
i thought it was going to be a rebuilding year so i was surprised  
when they produced 100 lb.s of surplus and were very heavy going into
the winter months. (warm day today and i was delighted to see the      
little ladies coming out of both hives to stretch their wings.)

Now to my question: i would like to make increase this year and 
wind up with 3-4 more hives. my first thought was to simply buy as 
many queens as new hives i wanted and split them all up. but then 
i read about raising queens on a small scale by removing the queen 
from a hive and letting the bees raise the queens for me. this 
line of thinking raised a number of questions in my mind:

+ since they will use 1-3 day old eggs to feed royal jelly, how can
  i be sure they will have the right age eggs to select for queens?

+ aren't i just begging for a laying worker to try and take over as 
  queen?

+ how good a quality queens will these be, will they be prone to 
  quick supersedure?

+ more than likely they will build the queen cells on the face of
  the combs. won't the bees cross brace these cells so that i can't 
  remove the queens without destroying the cells and thus the queens?

+ how big a window will i have from when most of the queen cells are 
  capped and when the first queen will emerge and proceed to destroy 
  all the other qu cells if i haven't removed them? (i'm concerned 
  about bad whether when i'm ready to make my splits.)

- has anyone tried something like this? can you give me some pointers?

- can anyone recomend a book on queen rearing that addresses the 
  backyard beekeeper?


fascinated with the bees,

Phillip
 
-- 
prgramly@prairienet.org|| Miss Mills replied, on general principles,  
Phillip Gramly         || that the Cottage of content was better than
in the cottage of      || the Palace of cold splendour, and that where
content in Sadorus, IL || love was, all was.     -David Copperfield


From danb@blkbox.com Mon Feb 20 22:40:16 EST 1995
Article: 1344 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Dan Buchsbaum <danb@blkbox.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Question--getting stung
Date: Thu, 16 Feb 1995 15:50:44 -600 (CST)
Organization: The Black Box, Houston, Tx (713) 480-2686 
Lines: 29
Message-ID: <Pine.SCO.3.90.950216154301.9765A-100000@blkbox.blkbox.COM>
References: <19950201164112IBAYPGX@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU> <Pine.SCO.3.90.950207161816.15613A-100000@blkbox.blkbox.COM> <3h95kp$q4q@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
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In-Reply-To: <3h95kp$q4q@solaris.cc.vt.edu> 

Hi Adam!  You're right about the smoke.  My biggest hangup with living 
where I do, is that it's a rare day when a brisk breeze is not coming off 
of the gulf.  Now you've got me thinking about putting up a windbreak for 
the summer!  (This sounds like the perfect thing to put on the honey-dew 
list... :-)
-Cynthia

On 8 Feb 1995, Adam Finkelstein wrote:

> In article <Pine.SCO.3.90.950207161816.15613A-100000@blkbox.blkbox.COM>,
> Dan Buchsbaum  <danb@blkbox.com> wrote:
> >I've only kept bees for 2 years, but I've noticed that my bees are 
> >crankiest on really hot days.  All I had to do was quietly remove the 
> >telescoping cover and they'd be all over me. 
> 
>  Hello Cynthia,  
> 
>  Did you use smoke?
> Judicious use of smoke will calm the nastiest colonies.
> Adam
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> ______________________________________
> Adam Finkelstein 
> adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 
> 
> 


From dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu Mon Feb 20 22:40:17 EST 1995
Article: 1345 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!psuvax1!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu!slip7-16.acs.ohio-state.edu!dstamper
From: dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu (David M. Stamper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: PETA and bees. A response from an English "animal rights nazi"
Date: Sun, 19 Feb 1995 23:59:35 GMT
Organization: The Ohio State University
Lines: 37
Message-ID: <dstamper.60.2F47DB65@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>
References: <dstamper.52.2F46D778@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu><dstamper.53.2F46D8C1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <115@kiwifruit.win-uk.net>
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 rbarton@kiwifruit.win-uk.net (Roger Barton) writes:

>Mr Stamper (or Dave) I am not a PETA person but I am an animal
>rights supporter and vegan. I fully intend to keep bees when I am
>able to do so. I consider myself an educated person (I have a
>background in biology with expertise in entomology and social
>insect communication) I do not consider myself an animal rights
>*Nazi* because I choose not to eat meat or milk products or
>because I feel an impotent anger when I see calves being exported
>live to Europe to die in continental slaughterhouses because we in
>Britain need to drink the milk produced by the cow for them. If
>you read your history books you will see that it was the *Nazis*
>who loaded innocents into cattle trucks and sent them to their
>deaths far away *not* the people who tried to stop them. I wish I
>was brave enough to stand in front of these cattle trucks like the
>ordinary people of the British ports are doing (and being crushed
>to death in the process). I subscribed to this newsgroup to learn
>practical skills to care for bees not to observe extremist bickering
>of any type. Thats my twopennorth for what it's worth

>Roger
>Roger Barton                          rbarton@kiwifruit.win-uk.net
>22A St Johns Rd, South Tottenham
>LONDON. N15 6QP. UK.  Tel 0181 809 4124    (+44 181 809 4124)
>"It is better to light a candle than to curse the darkness". Adlai Stevenson.

Wrong group Roger.  The reason for my posting was because it directly dealt 
with bees and beekeeping.  Apparently you DO have a mind of your own as you  
recognize that exploitation of bees, for the vast majority of cases, does not 
constitute abuse of bees.  If you want to discuss shipping cattle, go to 
talk.politics.animals.

Peace.
Dave





From bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca Mon Feb 20 22:40:18 EST 1995
Article: 1346 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!agate!news.mindlink.net!news
From: bill fernihough <bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: 17 Feb 1995 01:52:12 GMT
Organization: MIND LINK! Communications Corp.
Lines: 15
Message-ID: <3i0vgc$31v@deep.rsoft.bc.ca>
References: <3hqg40$pje@bud.peinet.pe.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: line17.nwm.mindlink.net

peien@bud.peinet.pe.ca (PEI Environmental Network) wrote:
>
> I,m looking for suggestions for remonving honey from combs without
> benefit of an extractor.  I have three supers of honey and no
> extractor (couldn't afford a new one last year and couldn't find
> one used).  I've tried scratching the combs open and letting them
> drip into a container.  This works alright but is extremely slow. 
> Any ideas?
> 
>                          
>                        Sharon Labchuk
>                        peien@peinet.pe.ca
>                  
This is the time when being a member of a beekeeper's club pays off.  If 
your club has an extractor, your are in luck


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Mon Feb 20 22:40:19 EST 1995
Article: 1347 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Some Honey Prices January
Date: Thu, 16 Feb 1995 20:38:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950216170028891@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 27        

   ___________________________________________________________________
  (///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
  (////////////Information Only//////Not an offer to Buy//////////////)
  (///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
  /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
 |    Some January 1995 Honey Prices (sales in Jan)         trend +-   |
 |                                                                     |
 |    Ca  Alfalfa mix        exl-la         .45 - .48  FOB        +    |
 |    Ca  Sage               w              .52 - .53   "              |
 |    Ca  Orange             w              .50 - .51   "              |
 |    Nd  Clover             ww             .50 - .57   "              |
 |    Fl  Orange             w              .51         "          +   |
 |    Fl    "                exl            .46 - .54   "          +   |
 |    Fl Mixed Flowers       la-a           .45 - .46   "              |
 |                                                                     |
 |    Canadian  uk           w              .53 (US)    poe            |
 |    China  Mixed           w              .49         poe  east      |
 |                                                                     |
 |    IMPORTS TO USA through NOV 94  50,000,000 kilograms          ++  |
 [_____________________________________________________________________]
         FOB=fright paid, POE=fright paid to point of entry




        
        


From dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu Mon Feb 20 22:40:20 EST 1995
Article: 1348 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!ncar!ames!lll-winken.llnl.gov!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu!slip7-16.acs.ohio-state.edu!dstamper
From: dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu (David M. Stamper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee tree
Date: Mon, 20 Feb 1995 00:09:32 GMT
Organization: The Ohio State University
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This weekend was super nice, so I decided to check on a bee tree that I knew 
of.  The bees were very active relieving themselves and cleaning house.  This 
colony has been active for at least 3 years, and appears to be going strong 
(300 bees coming and going/ hr.).  They seemed to be very docile for a wild 
hive, as I was able to get within 6 inches of the main entrance without 
feeling pressured to back off.  They looked like Italians.

Any opinions on the following:

Is it likely that this colony is resistant to AFB?

Is it likely that this colony is resistant to Varroa?

Should I try and hive a swarm from this colony, or maybe even try and get the 
whole thing.  Any tips?

Dave


From rspear@primenet.com Mon Feb 20 22:40:21 EST 1995
Article: 1349 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rspear@primenet.com (Richard Spear)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: Sun, 19 Feb 1995 20:14:10 PST
Organization: Primenet
Lines: 21
Message-ID: <rspear.304.00110E89@primenet.com>
References: <3hqg40$pje@bud.peinet.pe.ca> <3i44l0$8ud@data.interserv.net>
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In article <3i44l0$8ud@data.interserv.net> pamschel@interserv.com writes:
>From: pamschel@interserv.com
>Subject: Re: extracting honey
>Date: 18 Feb 1995 06:38:24 GMT

>There is a honey extractor which will spin 2 frames, one on each side. It is sturdy plastic and metal 
>and it is made in China and it costs $100.00. I ordered mine out of the Dadant catalogue. As far as I 
>know, centrifugal force is the only way to extract with any efficiency, unless you go for the honey in 
>the combs, which is what I am thinking of doing next. I have been keeping bees for one year here 
>in California.

I also bought one of these ... I recommend *against* it. The assembly is much 
too light and will slide about the floor as you try to spin the frames. I'm 
also not too happy with plastic - cleaning, etc. is a bit suspect. I will be 
buying a stainless steel unit this spring.

BTW, I'm also in southern CA ... a *great* place to keep bees! That is, if you 
can deal with varroa and the constant worry of AHB.

Regards, Richard
rspear@primenet.com


From pamschel@interserv.com Mon Feb 20 22:40:23 EST 1995
Article: 1350 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!news.interserv.net!usenet
From: pamschel@interserv.com
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: 20 Feb 1995 07:22:01 GMT
Organization: NovX InterServ News Service
Lines: 7
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References: <rspear.304.00110E89@primenet.com>
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X-Newsreader: AIR News 3.X (SPRY, Inc.)


Yes, it might be time for a stainless steel extractor this year, I don't know. Last year was my first year, 
and I thought that it would be good this "winter" to leave a bunch of full frames in my two colonies. 
Those bees worked all winter, ran out of room and swarmed! Mike the Beekeeper got some new 
ones going for me, and now I bought a radial arm saw and I am going to follow the Backwoods 
Home article specs on building my own hives and frames. Beekeeping is really something!



From 76012.1452@CompuServe.COM Mon Feb 20 22:40:24 EST 1995
Article: 1351 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!gt-news!cc.gatech.edu!darwin.sura.net!jhunix1.hcf.jhu.edu!jobone!news1.oakland.edu!news.nd.edu!spool.mu.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!in1.uu.net!news.inhouse.compuserve.com!news.production.compuserve.com!news
From: TOM LEWIS <76012.1452@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: PETA and bees give me a break!
Date: 20 Feb 1995 02:54:21 GMT
Organization: via CompuServe Information Service
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <3i908t$fod$1@mhadg.production.compuserve.com>

Agree with you completely, Dave, in my many years of beekeeping                                                                            I have
I have never seen beekeepers that did not consider their bees a
resource to be husbanded.  One exception, however, was beekeepers
above the arctic circle in the Yukon Territory Canada and Alaska.
First of all bees do not survive there in the winter.  Each spring
bees are mailed in.  Each winter the bees/brood/wax/etc. are fed to the 
when they finally succumb to the cold.

Another point that is missed entirely by the PETA statements is that until langstroth i
until langstroth invented the hive with replaceable frames, the general rule 
from 15,00000 BC on was to kill all the bees to get the honey or at least shred
the hive to the point of almost destruction.  You can infer from the cave pai
paintings of primitive honey gathering that fire was applied to the bee tree.

Only the modern beekeeper has learned how to harvest only the surplus and
take pains to ensure the hive's survival.  I tell my students that it takes 12 bees their whole lif
takes 12 bees to make 1 tsp of honey.  Bees are like flashlight batteries
the more work they do the sooner they run out of juice.

I think PETA should look elsewhere to stir up a bees nest!


From pollinator@aol.com Mon Feb 20 22:40:26 EST 1995
Article: 1352 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!willis.cis.uab.edu!ddsw1!news.kei.com!news.mathworks.com!hookup!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!swiss.ans.net!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee tree
Date: 20 Feb 1995 00:05:17 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com

Dave Stamper says:
> Should I try and hive a swarm from this colony, (bee tree), or maybe
even try and get the whole things. Any tips?

   Dave, why don't you put out a bait hive at swarm season?  You might get
the stock without a lot of wear and tear on them. I just use single story
or nuc boxes with comb already in.  They come best, if it is up above six
feet.

   It seems that the stock would be worth monitoring if it has been
exposed to varroa and lived three years.  Maybe you'll have a
million-dollar baby!

Pollinator@aol.com   Dave Green, Eastern Pollinator Newsletter.  PO Box
1215, Hemingway, SC   29554


From mamfelt@dta.nl Mon Feb 20 22:40:27 EST 1995
Article: 1353 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!Germany.EU.net!EU.net!sun4nl!NewsWatcher!user
From: mamfelt@dta.nl (M.A.M. Felt)
Subject: beeswax production, alt.sustainable.agriculture
Message-ID: <mamfelt-2002951332060001@192.0.2.1>
Sender: news@inter.NL.net (News at news)
Organization: Day Trade Advisor
Date: Mon, 20 Feb 1995 12:32:06 GMT
Lines: 13

Anyone know where I can get (international) figures on beeswax production
and/or producers. Import/Export statistics etc..

If not on beeswax, perhaps on honey production, and then I can contact the
honey producers.

I tried using WAIS but didn't find anything.

In other words I am looking for sources of beeswax.

Please respond per e-mail.

M.Felt


From rbarton@kiwifruit.win-uk.net Tue Feb 21 13:34:18 EST 1995
Article: 1354 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!news.mathworks.com!udel!news.sprintlink.net!pipex!penny.ibmpcug.co.uk!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!kiwifruit!rbarton
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: PETA and bees. A response from an English "animal rights nazi"
Message-ID: <115@kiwifruit.win-uk.net>
From: rbarton@kiwifruit.win-uk.net (Roger Barton)
Date: Sun, 19 Feb 1995 19:10:58 GMT
Reply-To: rbarton@kiwifruit.win-uk.net (Roger Barton)
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
References: <dstamper.52.2F46D778@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu><dstamper.53.2F46
 D8C1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>
Lines: 217

In article <dstamper.53.2F46D8C1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>, David M. Stamper (dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu) writes:
>The following info was posted on talk.politics.animals.  The responses are 
>mine.  Please add anything you think is necessary, as I am a newbie beekeeper. 
>I tried to be as precise as possible, though.  Cross-posting is cool, 
>sometimes.
>
>>> dgraft@news.gate.net (Donald Graft) writes:
>
>>>Here is the PeTA Factsheet covering bees. All the factsheets will soon
>>>be available on the imminent PeTA homepage.
>
>>>   Each year, the down, silk, and honey industries kill thousands of
>>>   geese, silkworms, and bees, respectively. Silk and honey producers
>>>   excuse their actions with claims that worms and bees are "simple"
>>>   forms of life, but consumers are beginning to question the unnecessary
>>>   killing of even tiny, sometimes socially complex creatures like these.
>>   
>>>How About Honey?
>
>>>   In the honey industry, the buzz word is profit. Like factory farmers,
>>>   many beekeepers take inhumane steps to ensure personal safety and
>>>   reach production quotas. It is not unusual for larger honey producers
>>>   to cut off the wings of the queen bee so that she cannot leave the
>>>   colony, or to have her artificially inseminated on a bee-sized version
>>>   of the factory farm "rape rack." (6) 
>
>>The cutting of wings is typically done to either mark the queen or reduce 
>>(not eliminate) the ability of the colony to swarm.  There is absolutely NO 
>>indication that this causes the queen bee (which can sting) any discomfort.  
>
>>The "rape rack" is obviously an emotional plea based on non-relevant material. 
>>Artificial insemination is no more a rape than the gang rape that virgin 
>>queens would get under natural conditions.
>
>>>   When the keeper wants to move a
>>>   queen to a new colony, she is carried with "body-guard" bees, all of
>>>   whom--if they survive transport-- will be killed by bees in the new
>>>   colony. 
>
>>This is a complete lie.  The bees shipped with the queen in the cage are not 
>>"body-guards", they are "nurses".  When the new queen and her attendants (in 
>>the cage) are placed in the queenless hive, the workers eat the candy plug 
>>from one end of the cage.  Meanwhile, honey and pollen are being passed back 
>>and forth through the wire of the cage, therby spreading the new queen's 
>>pheremones throughout the hive.  By the time the candy plug is removed, the 
>>hive will accept the new queen AND her attendants.
>
>>>   Large commercial operations also may take all the honey instead of 
>>>   leaving the 60 pounds or so that bees need to get through the winter.
>>>   They replace the rich honey with a cheap sugar substitute that is not
>>>   as fortifying or tasty. 
>
>>This is perhaps misleading.  What is meant by a "cheap sugar substitute"?  Is 
>>such cases, sugar (sucrose) is fed to the bees to get them through the winter. 
>>No sugar substitute is sufficient.  Nutrisweet and saccharin are not used.  
>>Bees actually prefer food sources based mainly on sugar content.  For example, 
>>a 50 % sugar solution (a cheap sugar substitute- by the PETA definition) is 
>>preferred by bees who have free access to nectar with a 40% sugar 
>>concentration (Free, J.B., and M.V. Smith, 1961).  They are apparently capable 
>>of determining which food source is most efficient for them to gather and 
>>base this decision on sugar content and distance from the hive.  
>
>>A summary for this:  the bees do think sugar is fortifying and tasty.
>
>>>   In colder areas, if the keepers consider it
>>>   too costly to keep the bees alive through the winter, "disposable"
>>>   hives allow them to destroy the hives by pouring gasoline on them,
>>>   killing most of the bees with the fumes, and setting them on fire.
>
>>Another lie.
>
>>I wish I knew where I could get some of these "disposable" hives.  None of my 
>>beekeeping suply catalogs have such equipment.  A commercial-sized hive 
>>typically costs more than $400.  Clearly, such a practice would not be 
>>cost-effective.  
>
>>Hives are destroyed by fire for other reasons, however.  It is generally 
>>required by law to burn hives infected with American Foulbrood, caused by the 
>>bacterium Bacillus larvae.  This disease is HIGHLY contagious and responds 
>>only moderately to antibiotics- which cannot be used during a honey flow.  
>>Since the causal agent can exist as a stress-resistant spore, the only real 
>>treatment is complete destruction of the hive.  The bees are killed, and the 
>>beekeeper is out his $400.
>
>>>   Other times, keepers, who feel that lost bees are easily replaced,
>>>   allow them to die when trees are sprayed with insecticide. 
>
>>More lies.
>
>>It is not possible to prevent bees exposed to pesticides from dying, 
>>though there generally are legal means of prosecuting someone who sprays 
>>pesticide on honey crops without warning beekeepers.  A general claim that 
>>beekeeping is an industry based on profits is not supported by a practice of 
>>haphazard killing of bees.  If bees are killed by pesticide, that often means 
>>that that hive will either be killed or severely weakened (depending on the 
>>pesticide), and the beekeeper will have NO honey surplus from that hive that 
>>year.  It is not a trivial thing to build up a strong, economically-viable 
>>hive and commercial beekeepers work very hard to limit the dangers their bees 
>>face.
>
>>>   Bees are often killed, 
>>>   or their wings and legs torn off, by haphazard handling.
>
>>Yes, this is true.  Bees are also killed by animal rights Nazis going for 
>>walks in the park.  So what.  Beekeepers generally take great care to minimize 
>>the number of bees injured or killed during hive manipulation for a very 
>>simple reason:  when bees are injured, they tend to sting.  When bees sting, 
>>they release an alarm chemical, isoamyl acetate, which incites other bees to 
>>sting.  Beekeepers generally wish to minimize the stings they receive, and it 
>>is common to NOT get stung when manipulating a hive.
>
>>>   To produce a pound of honey, bees must get pollen from 2 million
>>>   flowers, and must fly more than 55,000 miles. (7) Honeybees
>>>   returning to the hive from a pollen-seeking expedition "dance" in
>>>   figure eights to "map out" a route for other bees to follow. These
>>>   dances "encode information about the distance and direction of a
>>>   target that can be miles away from the nest," said Thomas D. Seeley of
>>>   Cornell University. (8) 
>
>>Does this somehow represent an official PETA position on the exploitation of 
>>bees?   
>
>>>   According to the Cook-DuPage Beekeepers' Association, humans have been
>>>   using honey since about 15,000 B.C., but it took until the 20th
>>>   century for people to turn bees into factory-farm animals. In 1987 the
>>>   honey "crop" netted $115.4 million. (9) 
>
>>Again, is this a PETA position?  Or is it just an opportunity to use the 
>>buzz-words factory farm?  Factory farms produce nearly all the food we eat, 
>>including the food the animal rights Nazis eat.
>
>>>   Luckily, many sweeteners are
>>>   made without killing bees: rice syrup, molasses, sorghum, barely malt,
>>>   maple syrup, and dried fruit or fruit concentrates can replace honey
>>>   in recipes. (10) Use these substitutes to keep your diet bee-free.
>
>>Lucky for whom?  None of these products can replace honey in recepies without 
>>changing the flavor.  Maple syrup is probably the only thing in your list that 
>>I enjoy.  Unfortunately, it costs about $25/gallon.    
>
>>   
>>>  REFERENCES 
>>>    1. "And a Cow Jumped Over the Moon," The Animals' Voice, February
>>>       1989, p. 56. 
>>>    2. Henry Kamm, "No Bed of Feathers for a Goose in Hungary," The New
>>>       York Times, June 2, 1988. 
>>>    3. Ibid. 
>>>    4. Marcia Pearson, "Down," The Compassionate Shopper, Winter 1987-88.
>>>    5. Al Schneider, "Down-Filled Clothing vs. Synthetics," Letters, The
>>>       Washington Post Health Section, Jan. 16, 1990. 
>>>    6. Arthur Ling, "Ain't So Sweet: The Other Side of Honey," The Vegan,
>>>       Spring 1988, pp. 12-13. 
>>>    7. Wally Spiers, Belleville News-Democrat, Sept. 11, 1988. 
>>>    8. Rick Weiss, "New Dancer in the Hive," Science News, Oct. 28, 1989,
>>>       p. 282. 
>>>    9. Spiers. 
>>>   10. Victoria Moran, "Leaving the Land of Milk and Honey," The Animals'
>>>       Agenda, March 1988, p. 48. 
>
>>Very few of your references are unbiased.  The good references do not support 
>>your goal of vilifying beekeepers as evil.
>>    
>>>   [IMAGE] People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals 
>>>   P.O. Box 42516, Washington, DC 20015 
>>>   301-770-PETA 
>>>-- 
>>>Donald Graft
>>>Read the Animal Rights FAQ!  available from...dgraft@gate.net
>>>Animal Rights Resource Site (ARRS) http://www.umanitoba.ca/arrs/index.html
>
>>Thanks for the easy flamebait, Don.  You PETA people mean well at heart, 
>>except that you are imprecise, distort the truth, and lie in order to promote 
>>your bizarre values.  It is completely ridiculous that no animals should ever 
>>be killed as a result of human actions. 
>
>>Dave

Mr Stamper (or Dave) I am not a PETA person but I am an animal
rights supporter and vegan. I fully intend to keep bees when I am
able to do so. I consider myself an educated person (I have a
background in biology with expertise in entomology and social
insect communication) I do not consider myself an animal rights
*Nazi* because I choose not to eat meat or milk products or
because I feel an impotent anger when I see calves being exported
live to Europe to die in continental slaughterhouses because we in
Britain need to drink the milk produced by the cow for them. If
you read your history books you will see that it was the *Nazis*
who loaded innocents into cattle trucks and sent them to their
deaths far away *not* the people who tried to stop them. I wish I
was brave enough to stand in front of these cattle trucks like the
ordinary people of the British ports are doing (and being crushed
to death in the process). I subscribed to this newsgroup to learn
practical skills to care for bees not to observe extremist bickering
of any type. Thats my twopennorth for what it's worth

Roger
>>-------------------------------------------------------------
>>The following is not my opinion.  It is Thrill's.  
>>It is funny only because we know she means it.
>
>>Don't act like being an omnivore is natural. You are an omnivore by 
>>choice. It is your choice because you don't care about animals and you 
>>are a murderer. You are a murderer because you are inherintly evil.
>>You are evil because you sent to earth by satan. The moral of the story?  
>>Thrill is an angel sent from heaven to destroy all evil. Rejoice!
>>-------------------------------------------------------------
>
>

--
Roger Barton                          rbarton@kiwifruit.win-uk.net
22A St Johns Rd, South Tottenham
LONDON. N15 6QP. UK.  Tel 0181 809 4124    (+44 181 809 4124)
"It is better to light a candle than to curse the darkness". Adlai Stevenson.

Adlai Stevenson



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Feb 21 13:34:20 EST 1995
Article: 1355 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!psuvax1!uwm.edu!news.alpha.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,sci.agriculture,misc.rural,rec.gardens,alt.sustainable.agriculture,sci.answers,misc.answers,rec.answers,alt.answers,news.answers
Subject: sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ
Followup-To: poster
Date: 20 Feb 1995 22:00:27 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
Lines: 416
Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.EDU
Message-ID: <3ib3dr$r9t@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Reply-To: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Summary: This posting contains a list of pointers toward apicultural
	 and beekeeping information on the internet. It should be read by
	 anyone who wishes to post to the newsgroup
	 sci.agriculture.beekeeping or the listserv bee-l.
Keywords: bee beekeeping apis honey mead pollination
Originator: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1355 sci.agriculture:3274 misc.rural:15328 rec.gardens:55479 alt.sustainable.agriculture:5469 sci.answers:2147 misc.answers:1465 rec.answers:9993 alt.answers:7323 news.answers:36837


Archive-name: beekeeping-faq
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Last-modified:1995/02/20


 This FAQ tries to list and point to all informational resources on the
internet for beekeepers and apiculturists. A great old beekeeping cliche
is:  "there are about as many ways to keep bees as there are beekeepers."
Therefore rather than list and then answer the myriad beekeeping, bee
culture, and apicultural questions in a cumbersome document, specific
internet resources are listed in this FAQ so that you may find your own
answers, like a true beekeeper!
 If you are unable to utilize any of these resources, please don't
 hesitate to contact me or post to sci.agriculture.beekeeping. As a last
resort, you could even mail the listserv, bee-l, but *please* be sure to
include a return address in your letter, and to realize that your question
will go to *** all *** the list subscribers. Explicit instructions on
listserv use and bee-l are included in this FAQ. Please read them before
mailing anything to bee-l. You can always ask somebody.  Asking really
works!

 I'm working on an internet archive for beekeeping. Once this is done,
(I'll let you know...) you may mail me with information, comments, hints,
stories, FAQ ANSWERS, and they will become archived in an easily
accessible way, via ftp, gopher, and www. I have already received some
really nice beekeeping files. Thank you, you know who you are and you
deserve praise!




****** POINTERS TO APICULTURAL INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET ******


USENET news
 * sci.agriculture.beekeeping   Beekeeping, bee-culture and
hive products.

Listserv:
* BEE-L
  BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information
  concerning the biology of bees.  This includes honey bees
  and other bees (and maybe even wasps).  We communicate about
  sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution,
  genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower
  nectar and pollen production of bees.

To subscribe to BEE-L, send e-mail to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu
with one line in the body of your message:
SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <put your real name here>

To get help on how to run the listserver, send e-mail to
listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu with one line
in the body of your message:
HELP

To send a message to all current BEE-L subscribers, mail it to
BEE-L@uacsc2.albany.edu.


(FOR DETAILED LISTSERV INSTRUCTIONS, READ BEE-L SECTION AT END OF FAQ)


* Beekeeping Home Page (WWW)
   http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html


* _Apis_ Magazine archive (WWW)
   http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu:7999/~entweb/apis/apis.html

* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Colorado State University
    http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/ent.html


* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Iowa State University
    http://www.public.iastate.edu/~entomology/


* sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu anonymous ftp, gopher


* sunsite.unc.edu   anonymous ftp, gopher, telnet 

anonymous ftp:
ftp sunsite.unc.edu
cd pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture
cd sunsite-Sustainable-Agriculture/beekeeping

gopher:
gopher sunsite.unc.edu

go to:
The Worlds of sunsite
Sustainable Agriculture Information
beekeeping
(it's in there, the archive is huge!)

* ftp.ucdavis.edu   
anonymous ftp:
ftp ftp.ucdavis.edu
 /pub/extension/4h-youth/bee-keeping




* Beekeeping FAQ's from beenet.com

How to USE:

Internet E-Mail a message addressed to:  HINT.103@beenet.com
on subject line put the name of FAQ   :  HONEY ADULTERATION

Thats all, you are welcome to add a message.<G> Mail runs are
6am & 6pm. Problems, post to sysop@beenet.com ..




  FAQ                                           Last update   10-20-94
  name                                                * NEW or UPDATED
_________
HINT.IND        THIS INDEX                                         *
B-FILE.LST      33k Text file of All Beekeeping Files from       11/1
		Wild Bee's BBS. See WB-FILE.ZIP for INFO>
WB-FILE.ZIP     9k Beekeeping Files Wild Bee's BBS                9/28
yellow.jacket   How to get rid of them! Adrian Wenner             8/94
argentin.ant    Argentine Ant Control   Adrian Wenner             8/94
ambee.fed       Info-Joining American Beekeeping Federation
apimon95.txt    Info- APIMONDIA 1995 Meeting
mead.lst        How to join the Mead list mail
bee-l.faq       How to find Bee Info on Internet, Bee-L FAQ's++   9/10
import.relief   Letter to Congress, William J. Clinton (1994)
usda-bee.lab    Address & Info on Sending Dead bee samples (1992)
formic.txt      Warning on use of Formic Acid by beekeepers (1992)
propolis        Jerry Bronenshenk on PROPOLIS (1993)
4-H.txt         4-H joins the Internet (1993)
FSHEET11        INFORMATION US BEEKEEPING
HINT.101        SOURCES OF BEEKEEPING INFORMATION
HINT.102        HONEY AND ITS USES
HINT.103        HONEY ADULTERATION
HINT.104        FLORIDA BEE INSPECTION
HINT.105        FLORIDA BEARS AND BEEKEEPING
HINT.106        HONEY HOUSE SANITATION
HINT.107        FLORIDA HONEY LABELING REGULATIONS
HINT.108        PRODUCING SECTION (COMB) HONEY
HINT.109        EXHIBITING HONEY
HINT.110        SAMPLE POLLINATION AGREEMENT
HINT.111        SOLAR BEESWAX RENDERING AND HINTS FOR EXHIBITING WAX BLOCKS
HINT.112        EXTENSION APICULTURAL VISUAL AIDS
HINT.113        USING HONEY IN LARGE-QUANTITY RECIPES
HINT.115        GOOD NEIGHBOR GUIDELINES AND ORDINANCES
HINT.116        CHALKBROOD RECOMMENDATIONS
HINT.117        HONEY MARKETING SURVEY
HINT.118        PRODUCING POLLEN
HINT.119        FINANCIAL MANGEMENT FOR BEEKEEPERS
HINT.120        UPWARD VENTILATION
HINT.121        WAX MOTH CONTROL
HINT.122        BEE STINGS AND REACTIONS
HINT.123        EXTENSION APICULTURE IN FLORIDA
HINT.124        FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RATIOS FOR BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.125        PRESERVING WOODENWARE IN BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.126        THE VALUE OF POLLINATION BY HONEY BEES
HINT.127        THE VARROA BEE MITE
HINT.128        INFANT BOTULISM AND HONEY
HINT.129        HONEY JUDGING AND STANDARDS
HINT.130        USING THE HONEY REFRACTOMETER
HINT.131        OBSERVATION BEE HIVES

All HINT's courtesy of Malcolm T. Sanford, Cooperative Extension Service
University of Florida, Gainesville, Fl Internet address:mts@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
beenet.com is a Information Service for Beekeepers & Friends, operated by
Andy Nachbaur from the Wild Bee's BBS, 209-826-8107, Los Banos, Calif.

* Remote File Retriver from beenet.com

HOW IT WORKS: Mail addressed to <getfile@beenet.com> will be read by
wcARCHIE. When wcARCHIE locates this new mail, it will retrieve the text
from the SUBJECT LINE of the message. wcARCHIE will search the entire
Wildcat! file database for a file with a name that matches the text.
wcARCHIE will also search the \WCARCHIE directory for this file. If a file
is located, it will be sent as a message file attachment to the original
sender. If the subject line contains the word HELP, a help message will be
sent. If the subject line contains the word FILES, a list of available
files will be sent.


* Honey Hotline                       NHB Food Technology Program
  1 -800-356-5941                     P.O. Box 281525
  415-340-3568  (FAX)              San Franscisco, CA 94128-1525 USA



* National Honey Board
  421 21 st, suite 203,
  Longmont, CO  80501 USA
  303-776-2337

* The American Apitherapy Society,Inc.
 P.O. Box 124, Woodsville, NH 03785
  603-747-2507 (Voice & Fax)


 *International Bee Research Association 
  18 North Rd
  Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK
  F: (+44) 1222 665 522
  V: (+44) 1222 372 409 (24 hrs)
  email: IBRA@cardiff.ac.uk
  Now putting out "B-Mail" a monthly newsletter available on the newsgroup
  or the listserver, soon to be archived.


 * Mead list:

   Send ONLY articles for the digest to mead@talisman.com.

   Use mead-request@talisman.com for [un]subscribe/admin requests.
   When subscribing, please include name and email address in body of
   message.  Digest archives and FAQ are available for anonymous ftp at:

   ftp.stanford.edu in pub/clubs/homebrew/mead.


* The Mead Association
  P.O. Box 4666
  Grand Junction, CO 81502
  1-800-693-MEAD
  outside US 303-442-9111 

* Mead Makers Page (WWW)

  http://www.atd.ucar.edu/rdp/gfc/mead/mead.html


* Mead book list: for a good list of books on mead mail:
  jkl2@Ra.MsState.edu (ask for book list).










***** Online Beekeeping Reference Sources ******



* Malcolm Roe is pleased to answer British beekeeping questions such as:
how to get started, the addresses of local associations and equipment
suppliers, where to get some bees, legal questions, etc.
 email  roe@crosfield.co.uk

* _The Hewitt Apicultural Collection_ 
gopher: <  gopher.uconn.edu > Select Libraries and Research
Services. Then Edward H Kirschbaum Library (Waterbury Campus).
Lastly, Hewitt Apicultural Collection. 
Sheila A. Lafferty, librarian/archivist at UCONN handles this great
resource.
Write her for a bibliography, or questions. email  wbladm03@uconnvm.uconn.edu

* B-EYE   bee eye simulator
WWW pages that offer to "see the world through the eyes of a bee."
http://cvs.anu.edu.au/andy/
Andy Giger
email  giger@rsbs-central.anu.edu.au



***** Specialists *****

 * Dr. Rick Fell, Apiculture/Entomology professor and researcher at VA Tech
is available for questions, comments and queries.         
email  rfell@vt.edu


 * Dr. Adrian Wenner, Biology professor and researcher at UCAL SB has
available information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu 

 * Diana Sammataro, bee researcher, author, is available for Tracheal mite
questions and tracheal mite information.
email  dsammata@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu


 * Jim Dixon has information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email jdixon@ogopogo.educ.sfu.ca

 * Sharon J. Collman, W.S.U. Cooperative Extension, also has Yellow Jacket
control information.
email collmans@wsuvm.csc.wsu.edu

* For historical bee lore questions (bees knees), and bee lore info
write Warner Granade, Librarian at UVa.
email jwg2y@poe.acc.virginia.edu

* Pollen Information, including pollen production and pollen usage is 
available from Rob Bidleman.
email robbee@crl.com 



* Paul Cheng will be coordinating the Bee sting/venom/allergy FAQ.
email him with your information/input.
email pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu


* For free information on observation hives
email bculture@aol.com    ask for _Observation Hive How-To


* BOMBUS
 A mailing list dedicated to Bumblebees.
 To subscribe, send a message to bombus-request@csi.uottawa.ca.
 To send a message to everyone on the list, mail it to
 bombus@csi.uottawa.ca.
 The Bombus list is maintained by Chris Plowright
 (plowright@csi.uottawa.ca)


What is BEE-L?
Charter:
BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information
concerning the biology of bees.  This includes honey bees
and other bees (and maybe even wasps).  We communicate about
sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution,
genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower
nectar and pollen production of bees.
On the technical side:
BEE-L is a computerized e-mail list. All e-mail sent to the BEE-L
address is duplicated and mailed to all the current subscribers on the
list. The listserver (the computer that runs the list) maintains a log
(archive) of all messages, and list members may request a copy of
the log. The archive has a separate file for each month, and these
files are currently saved for about a year. To access the listserve
computer itself (i.e. to subscribe to or unsubscribe from BEE-L, to
request a log file, etc.), send e-mail to the listserver address. Don't
send control messages to the BEE-L address, because the message
will just be sent to everyone on the list, and the computer will not do
what you wanted it to do. Note that most control messages contain
the list name (BEE-L) somewhere in the command, as the listserve
computer generally runs many lists at any given time.
 
How do I post a message to BEE-L?
If you are on the Internet, send an e-mail message to
bee-l@uacsc2.albany.edu If you are on BitNet, address your e-mail to
bee-l@ALBNYVM1.BITNET  Any message received at these addresses
will be duplicated and mailed to everyone currently subscribed to
the BEE-L list.
 
How do I subscribe to, or unsubscribe from BEE-L?
Send mail to the listserve computer (from the Internet the address is
listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu  from BitNet, the address is
listserv@ALBNYVM1.BITNET  To SUBSCRIBE, the body of your
message  must contain the line:
SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <your full name>
You may abbreviate SUBSCRIBE with SUB. Be sure to substitute your
real name for the <your full name> placeholder. You do not need
quotes or any other delimiters surrounding your name. The listserve
computer will determine your address from the "From:" header in
your message. To UNSUBSCRIBE, the body of your message must
contain the line:
SIGNOFF BEE-L
You may substitute either UNSUBSCRIBE or UNSUB for the SIGNOFF in
this command to remove your subscription to the list If your address
has changed since you subscribed, this command will fail - write to
YOUR local POSTMAST/POSTMASTER/POSTMSTR id for assistance.  If
that fails, then write to OWNER-BEE-L     @<listnode> for assistance.
If that fails, then write one of the following (these are typical addresses
that should be forwarded to a person who can answer your question):
POSTMASTER@<listnode>
POSTMAST@<listnode>
POSTMSTR@<listnode>
Note: <listnode> = ALBNYVM1.BITNET if you are on BitNet.
<listnode> = uacsc2.albany.edu  if you are on Internet).
 


To avoid this problem, UNSUBSCRIBE from  BEE-L before you move to
a new e-mail address, and then  resubscribe from your new address.
 
How do I get help using the listserver?
Send a message to the listserver, with the one word HELP in the body
of the message.  Address the message to listserv@albnyvm1.bitnet if
you  are on BitNet, or address it to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu if you
are  on the Internet. The listserver will mail a help document back to
you.  Sending the message INFO ? will cause the listserver to mail
you a  list of additional help documents that are available. These
additional  documents are requested by sending the message INFO
<topic> (be  sure to substitute the desired document name for <topic>)


-Aknowledgments

I would like to thank the following individuals:

Jon Gefael who taught me and who is almost always right
Pete Thorsen who is a walking man page
Rick Hough for his FAQ contributions, and gentle way
My school, VA Tech, for giving me an account
Dr. Rick Fell, for making me think
My old friend Jayne who bears with me even to this day
My children for their beauty
and to beekeepers worldwide
 
Copyright (c) 1995 by Adam Finkelstein, all rights reserved.
This FAQ may not be distributed for financial gain.
This FAQ may not be included in commercial collections or compilations
without express permission from the author.
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Tue Feb 21 22:26:55 EST 1995
Article: 1356 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!psuvax1!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!overload.lbl.gov!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey, Frozen Chicken & Beef
Date: Sun, 19 Feb 1995 15:25:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950219220727908@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 32        


 |-----------------|Adamf@vtaix.Cc.Vt.Edu (adam Finkelstein)refer#: None
 wrote:
>Subject: Re: Honey, Frozen Chicken & Beef
>Date: 19 Feb 1995 04:02:14 GMT
>
>><>
>>This message was from Ab Mobasher <iammktg@halcyon.halcyon.com>
>>
>>Mid Amber Honey From China @$1,250 MT
>>US Chicken $@985MT
>>Mongolian Beef @$1,655MT
>>
>>For mor information please include your street address, Fax/ph.
>>
>
<?>Andy: please tell us what this means.
 |----end quotes---------------------------------|

   It means that if you would like to buy some ex light Honey from
China at $1,250.00 per metric ton or frozen chicken or Mongolian
Beef, (not sure if beef is from Mongolia or is some class of beef),
you can contact Ab Mobasher.

   It also may indicate a price increase for Chinese Honey, or at
least in this one case it could be a higher asking price for honey.
Other then that its just interesting to find an offer for Honey on
the internet highway.
                        ttul Andy-

PS  I think a metric ton is 2200 lbs, but maybe thats a long tone?
    In any case the price quoted for honey at first blush is high.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Tue Feb 21 22:26:56 EST 1995
Article: 1357 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!psuvax1!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!overload.lbl.gov!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: PETA and bees
Date: Sun, 19 Feb 1995 16:24:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950219220728909@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 54        


 |-----------------|Dstamper@postbox.Acs.Ohio-State.Edu (david M. Stamper)refer
 wrote:
>Subject: Re: PETA and bees
>Date: Sun, 19 Feb 1995 05:36:03 GMT
>
>
>>>Here is the PeTA Factsheet covering bees. All the factsheets will soon
>>>be available on the imminent PeTA homepage.
>
>>Thrill is an angel sent from heaven to destroy all evil. Rejoice!

 |----end quotes---------------------------------|

   Hi Dave,

     You can't win with these people with facts.. Better to let
them live without the benefits of Pure Natural Honey in their diets.
They won't Live or Love as long as the rest of us who know the real
value of our HONEY. They fit in the same class as the babies we don't
want to eat our honey because of the mothers who would leave the jar
open to dust that could cause distress to their young babies. None of
them eat much honey and collectively buy very little anyway.

     You might tell them about the poor beekeepers who place their
bees adjacent to major highways and the millions of bees that die a
horrible death, crippled and smashed trying to cross the freeway to find
food and drink, so they can bring their fact or FAQ sheet up to date.

     And don't forget about those big electric bug zappers like
the one in my honey barn that burns the bees wings so they can't
fly and the bees it does not fry on the electric grid, fall to the
floor in obvious distress and die a slow, must be very painful death
by starvation.

     Its my personal obfuscation that attacks by fringe groups like
peta is not all that bad anyway as the public is not sure if this
group is not the same as or a branch of the group that wants to
legitimatize pedipalps.

     You did a good job setting them straight, but that maybe what
they want as it helps make what they have to say legitimate when it
is nothing but facts out of content or half truths. Like the grains
and things they want to eat were not derived for living things.

     My fields may not talk to me, but they sure do respond to my
loving care and if I abuse them they suffer and wither and die. If I
fail to water and feed the roots the plants drupe and the leaves drop.
If I fail to cultivate between the rows, the weeds come in and choke
the life out of the plant. If I cut the grain to early it weeps its
life's blood out on the ground, and if I cut it to late the birds fatten
on the next generations seed.

                                     ttul Andy-


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Tue Feb 21 22:26:57 EST 1995
Article: 1358 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!psuvax1!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: News from Dominica
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 1995 02:16:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950220232557917@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 36        

** Seen while channel surfing on the boob tube!

        _________________________________
       (/////////////////////////////////)   Well Hecter, you can come
       (/////////////////////////////////)   out now. I just saw on the
      /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\   Mexican language TV that a
      |             \ _ /  ????           |  woman was stung in the neck
      |             /O O \   _            |  by a Hornet in the Republic
      |             \~Y~ / // \           |  of Dominica and has been
      |              /--\//   ))          |  dripping Honey ever since.
      |         ()==/()== \__./           |     \ _ /   Were out of the
      |   ___   ()=(  ()= )       ___     |     /O O \   _ business now!
      |  /   \___   \____/ \->___/   \___ |     \~~~ / // \
      |  \___/   \   ||||    /   \___/XXX\|      /--\//   ))         z        z
      |  /   \__ /--(/  \)-cd ___/   \XXX/| ()==/()== \__./  B z z z   z    z
      |  \___/   \___/---\___/   \___/   \| ()=(  ()= )                  z z
      |__/   \___/   \   /   \___/   \___/|     \____/--->
      |  \___/   \___/XXX\___/   \___/   \|      ||||
      |__/   \___/XXX\XXX/   \___/   \___/|     (/  \) cd_
      |  \___/   \XXX/   \___/   \___/    |
      [___________________________________]

* Any body else catch this on TV? I think it was a Spanish
language tabloid type news program, but my Spanish is poor'o
American'o.

Well I hope it was tabloid news and not the real thing. They
did a real job on the viewer, showing the paper hornets nest,
people tasting the honey dripping from the woman's bee sting,
and doctors looking at in the lab under a microscope.

                        ttul Andy-

(c)Use at own risk, don't quote me.......permission to reproduce
granted. Do not remove the (cd_) from the art work as it identifies
the original artist of the original bee Hecter and is protected (c)


From hunt@strauss.udel.edu Tue Feb 21 22:26:58 EST 1995
Article: 1359 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!willis.cis.uab.edu!nntp.msstate.edu!olivea!spool.mu.edu!uwm.edu!news.alpha.net!news.mathworks.com!udel!news.udel.edu!strauss.udel.edu!not-for-mail
From: hunt@strauss.udel.edu (Rachael Ann Hunt)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: PETA and bees. A response from an English "animal rights nazi"
Date: 20 Feb 1995 20:31:50 -0500
Organization: University of Delaware
Lines: 18
Message-ID: <3ibfq6$qgo@strauss.udel.edu>
References: <dstamper.52.2F46D778@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <dstamper.60.2F47DB65@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <3ia7q0$hhr@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <3ib9cc$4bf@netnews.upenn.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: strauss.udel.edu

>
>I'm strongly inclined to agree; after the earlier query about beekeeping
>and cruelty, I logged onto their newsgroup (it's animal.politics or
>something similar) and scanned through some of the posts.  Although there
>are SOME thoughtful participants involved in it, it's full of personal
>attacks and pseudophilosphical drivel.  I'd hate to see this newsgroup
>degenerate to such a tone. 
>
>Dave

I just wanted to agree here.  Although I realize that this is a bee 
group, I spent a few weeks on the animal politics group and have to agree 
that they are often malicious towards one another.  It was SO frustrating -- 
though sometimes amusing.  Let's stick to bees and mature debates on 
controversial issues:)

Rachael



From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Tue Feb 21 22:27:00 EST 1995
Article: 1360 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Dec. 94 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 1995 09:54:45
Organization: Weeg Computing Center
Lines: 484
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <terry-dahms.18.0009E9E2@uiowa.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: drone.weeg.uiowa.edu
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                  THE BUZZ                     DECEMBER, 1994
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       STATE APIARIST REPORT
          It's  time to renew your subscription to THE  BUZZ  newsletter. 
       Return  the  last  sheet  of the newsletter to  me  and  make  any
       corrections to your address directly on the label.  This way I can
       keep  the addresses up to date with all the new 911 addresses  and
       save  money not sending the newsletter to people who do  not  read
       it.  If you are a paid-up member of IHPA you get it automatically.
          We  had  a  good annual meeting of  the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Association  in Marshalltown last month.   Attendance was up  from
       last year,  with about 100 in attendance.  If you are not a member
       and  did  not  attend,  join the association by  filling  out  and
       sending  in  the attached membership form on page 5  and  plan  to
       attend the meeting next year.  You won't regret it.  
          Our out-of-town speakers, Dr. Bill Wilson, Gary Reuter,  Sherry
       Jennings  and  Joe Graham did a great job.   We  also  appreciated
       hearing  from our own Iowa beekeepers:   LaVerne Greenfield,  John
       Johnson,  and  Paul  Goossen.   These  people  have  a  wealth  of
       knowledge  and  talent  to  share  and  do  an  excellent  job  of
       communicating.   LaVerne  Greenfield has made some  beautiful  wax
       figures.  I was really impressed!   We need to have him exhibit at
       the State Fair.
          Ten Iowa beekeepers reported on the honey crop in their part of
       the  state  Friday afternoon at the annual  meeting.   Per  colony
       averages  ranged from 20 pounds in the southwest to 100 pounds  in
       Dubuque  county,  the  state  average  being  65-70  pounds.   The
       official  statewide  figures  will be  gathered  in  December  and
       reported  February 17,  1995 by the USDA  Agricultural  Statistics
       Service.   It will be interesting to see how close the two figures
       are.   I am guessing that it is a little higher than  this  (70-80
       pounds).
          A nice article about the plight of the beekeeping industry  was
       featured  in  the November issue of Successful  Farming  magazine. 
       The  article,  entitled  "Where have  all  the  honeybees  gone?",
       predicted a shortfall of honey bees and,  by implication,  overall
       agricultural production in the U.S.   The only flaw in the article
       is  in  the beautiful,  accompanying photograph which  pictures  a
       Syrphid or flower fly rather than a honey bee visiting a flower.
          I  pray  that  God will extend his blessings to  you  and  your
       family during this Christmas season.  Let's not forget the  reason
       for the Christmas celebration.
       HONEY BOARD OFFERS NEW OPTION: YOU CAN CHARGE IT!
          Beginning Jan.  1,  1995,  purchases of Honey Board promotional
       materials (such as posters,  bears, aprons,  and cookbooks) may be
       made by telephone using VISA or Mastercard.   "We're very  pleased
       to  now be able to accept credit card payment with  orders...it'll
       really  save time for customers who need their orders  yesterday!"
       said  Tracy Baker,  fulfillment coordinator for the  Honey  Board. 
       "Of  course,  we'll  continue to accept checks  and  money  orders
       accompanying promotional material orders as well," Baker added.
          Credit  card  purchases require a $5.00 minimum order  and,  as
       with all orders,  two to four weeks should be allowed for delivery
       of materials.
          For  questions  regarding credit card  purchases,  please  call
       Tracy Baker at 1-800-553-7162.

       IHPA ANNUAL BUSINESS MEETING
          The members attending the business meeting on Friday  afternoon
       elected  a new president,  vice president,  and two  new  district
       directors  (#2  &  #3)  from  northeast  Iowa.    The   secretary,
       treasurer,   and  southeast  Iowa  district  (#1)  director   were
       reelected.   A  listing  of the current  board  of  directors  and
       officers  is  printed on the front cover of THE BUZZ  each  month. 
       These  beekeepers  represent you when making decisions  about  the
       activities of the association.   Therefore,  contact them when you
       have ideas or opinions about association activities.
          Incoming   president   Paul   Goossen   will   make   committee
       appointments at the December 3rd board meeting.  If you would like
       to  be  on  a committee or have input  in  that  particular  area,
       contact Paul soon.  I will list the committee chairpersons in next
       months  newsletter.   The following are the  standing  committees: 
       State  Fair  Salesbooth,  State  Fair  Exhibit,   Annual  Meeting,
       Educational,  Legislative, Awards, Nominations, Promotions,  Honey
       Queen, Cookbook, and Membership committees.

       THANKS TO THOSE WHO DONATED DOOR PRIZES
          The  following  beekeeping supply  dealers  graciously  donated
       items  for our 1994 Iowa State Honey Producers annual  meeting  in
       Marshalltown November 11-12.  These items were greatly appreciated
       as  we had a mixup in acquiring door prizes ahead of time.   Thank
       you very much for your generous donations!

          DRAPERS SUPER BEE                DADANT & SONS (SIOUX CITY)

          B & B HONEY FARMS                BEEHIVE BOTANICALS

          B & L PLASTICS                   MANN LAKE BEE SUPPLY

          WALTER T. KELLEY CO.             

          AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL             NATIONAL HONEY BOARD



       DEAR FELLOW BEEKEEPERS
          We had a profitable annual meeting.   The attendance,  program,
       and  attitude  were  good.   As your new president  I  am  looking
       forward  to  working  with  a very good  board  in  promoting  our
       industry.  Your suggestions and involvement are welcome.

                                   - Paul F. Goossen
                                     President Iowa Honey Producers Assn.

       4-H ESSAY CONTEST DEADLINE JANUARY 15
          The American Beekeeping Federation is sponsoring the 4-H  Essay
       Contest on Beekeeping once again this year.   There are three  top
       cash  prizes each year ($250,  $100 and $50),  plus the winner  in
       each  state  is  awarded a book on  beekeeping.   Because  so  few
       entries are received, there's a great opportunity to win something
       by simply entering!
          The  topic  this  year is much  different  than  from  previous
       contests.   The  essayist is asked to write an original  story  on
       honey  bees  suitable  for  a  teacher  to  read  to  second-grade
       students.   Suggested titles include:  The Busy Little Bee, I Like
       Honey, A Trip to the Apiary, or My Friend, the Beekeeper.  Time is
       running  out  to  get a story together for  this  year's  contest;
       deadline is January 15, 1995! 
          Full contest rules are available from Bob Cox,  State Apiarist,
       phone 515-281-5736 or FAX 515-242-5015.

       NEW ADDRESS FOR NATIONAL HONEY BOARD
          In  an  effort to keep down and improve staff  efficiency,  the
       National  Honey  Board  office  is  moving  to  a  new   location. 
       Effective Dec. 1, the new address is:

          National Honey Board
          390 Lashley St.
          Longmont, CO 80501-6010

       Phone numbers are the same.

       IHPA BUSINESS
             At  the annual business meeting of the Iowa Honey  Producers
       the membership voted to send a membership list with addresses  and
       phone  numbers  to any member requesting it for a nominal  fee  to
       cover  costs  of printing and postage.   Members who do  not  want
       their address or phone released should contact the IHPA  secretary
       at the address below:
             Margaret Hala
             1988 Vine Ave.
             Marshalltown, IA 50158
             (515) 752-2981

                                HONEY OF A VERSE

       Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son,
       and they shall call his name Emmanuel, God with us. (Matt. 1:23)
                               CALENDAR OF EVENTS

       DECEMBER
       10    Central Iowa Beekeepers meeting at the Royal Cafe in Huxley
             Meal at 5:30 p.m. business meeting at 6:30 and 7:30 program.

       12    Eastcentral Iowa Beekeepers meeting 7:00 p.m.  at Montgomery
             Hall, Johnson County Fairgrounds,   Iowa City.

       JANUARY, 1995
       9-13       The Annual Convention of the American Honey
                  Producers Association at the Eldorado Hotel Casino in
                  Reno, Nevada (hotel ph. 800-648-5966).  
                  Request registration kit from AHPA office,
                  phone/FAX# 203-250-7271.

       17-22      The American Beekeeping Federation Meeting at the
                  Marriott at the Capitol in Austin, Texas.  
                  For more information contact the ABF office 
                  ph./FAX# 912-427-8447.
                                        
       WANT  TO  BUY:   Drums  of good  flavored,  light  colored  honey. 
       Contact Paul F. Goossen, 4209 V. St., Homestead, IA 52236  
       Ph. (319) 622-6410.

       WITH THE BEES THIS MONTH
          Bee  hives  should be bundled up for winter by  now.   Colonies
       will not take liquid feed well now.   You could put a sugar  board
       on top and wrap them yet this month.
          This  is  the  time  to catch  up  on  reading  the  beekeeping
       magazines  and newsletters.   Take inventory of your equipment  to
       plan  what  you need to order and build this winter.   Repair  old
       equipment and put foundation in frames in a warm room so it is not
       damaged.
          Make  plans to attend a bee meeting or take a beekeeping  class
       during the off season.  Its a great way to improve your beekeeping
       skills or get some new ideas.
          Melt down cappings and make some beeswax candles,  figures,  or
       Christmas ornaments for gifts.   Be careful melting wax.   Many  a
       beekeeper has started his home or building on fire.



       HONEY BEES USED TO SAVE THE CORN CROP
          An  interesting article concerning honey bees appeared  in  the
       October  30th  Des Moines Register.   USDA Scientists  at  Tifton,
       Georgia say they have developed a new method of crop pest  control
       --  using honey bees to spread a pest-killing virus.   Honey  bees
       walk through a tray containing talc powder containing the virus as
       they exit the hive. Then, as the bees fly from flower to flower in
       search  of  pollen and nectar,  the virus powder  rubs  off  their
       bodies and attacks corn earworm larvae.

       VEGETABLE SHORTENING PATTIES CONTROL TRACHEAL MITES
          Field  experiments  conducted at the Ohio State  University  in
       1991 and 1993 demonstrated that vegetable shortening patties  when
       used continuously depressed tracheal mite populations in honey bee
       colonies.   The  continuous  use of these  "grease  patties"  also
       improved winter survival of the treated colonies.   The short-term
       use  of grease patties in the summer did not decrease mite  levels
       in colonies.   Visible symptoms were unreliable in  distinguishing
       heavily infested colonies from colonies that are mite free or have
       a low level infestation. Crawling bees,  K-wings and dead colonies
       with ample honey stores remaining are not reliable field symptoms.
       -taken from J. Econ. Entomol. 87(4): 910-916 (1994)


       HONEY COOKING CONTEST
          Linda  Bigalk reported that the team of judges had lots of  fun
       judging  the  entries  in the Honey Cooking Contest  at  the  IHPA
       Annual meeting in Marshalltown November 11.   The panel of  judges
       included  Barbara Pedley,  Velda Temperly,  Mary  Stattelman,  and
       Linda  Bigalk,  all of which have had experience in  judging  4-H. 
       They especially looked at the amount of honey used in each recipe. 
       First  and Second place ribbons were awarded in each class at  the
       Banquet  Friday night.  The following recipes were entered in  the
       contest:

       1. CANDIES

       Dark Chocolate Fudge - 1st place Janet Eidbo

       1/2 cup honey                    2 teaspoons vanilla
       1/2 cup chopped nuts             2 12-oz pkg. chocolate chips
       1 14-oz can sweetened, condensed milk

       Melt chocolate chips with honey and milk.  Remove from burner, add
       vanilla and nuts.  Pour into 9x9 pan. Cool and cut into pieces.

       Dark Chocolate Fudge - 2nd place Bob Cox

       1    can of sweetened and condensed milk
       2    12-oz bags of semisweet chocolate chips
       1/3  cup Iowa clover honey
       1    teaspoon of Mexican vanilla
       1/2  cup chopped walnuts

       Spray 9x9x2 inch baking dish with no-stick coating.   Melt  chips,
       sweetened  and  condensed milk and Iowa honey  over  medium  heat. 
       Remove from stove and stir in vanilla and nuts.  Cool and cut into
       squares.  Store in a cool place. (from Sue Bee Honey Cook Book)

       Peanut Butter-butterscotch Chews - 3rd place Zada Glew

       1      stick oleo                1 1/2 cup sugar
       1/2    cup honey                 1/2   cup milk

       Boil together for one minute.  Add 1 cup butterscotch chips, 1 cup
       Reeses  peanut  butter  chips  and 1/2  teaspoon  salt.   Drop  by
       teaspoonful on wax paper.

       2. HONEY NOVELTIES

       Flavored Honeys - One entrant, Marvin and Nicki Voyles

       Flavors: Peppermint, spearmint, orange, wintergreen, and almond.

       This is a fast growing category in honey, especially for specialty
       packing.

       3. DIPS AND SPREADS

       Honey Spread - 1st place Margaret Hala

       4 oz. package softened cream cheese
       1/2   cup peanut butter (creamy is best)
       1/2   cup Honey

       Mix  together 'til well blended.  Spread on sliced apples,  celery
       or other veggie.

       Log Chain Chocolate Honey Sauce - 2nd place Ann Garber

       4 oz. semi-sweet chocolate chips   4 tablespoons water
       1/4 cup Honey                      2 tablespoons butter

       Melt  chocolate with water over low heat in a heavy  bottom  sauce
       pan.   Simmer 3 minutes and remove from heat.   Stir in honey  and
       butter.   Beat hard. Put in air tight container. Reheat but do not
       boil. Nuts optional.  Serve over Mandarin orange slices.

       Apple Dip - Margaret Hala

       4 oz. softened cream cheese
       1/2 cup soft packed brown sugar
       1 tablespoon Honey

       Blend together 'til creamy.  Store in refrigerator.

       4. BREADS

       Honey Nut Whole Wheat Muffins - 1st place Ann Garber

       1    cup white flour           2   teaspoons baking powder
       1/2  teaspoon salt             1/2 cup whole wheat flour
       1/2  cup milk                  1   egg
       1/2  cup Honey                 1/2 cup chopped nuts
       1/4  cup melted Oleo           1/2  cup chopped prunes or raisins

       Pre-heat oven to 400 degrees F.   Mix dry ingredients.   Add milk,
       egg,  honey, nuts, raisins, and oleo (which may be lumpy).  Do not
       beat beat it.  Fill greased muffin tin 2/3 full.  Bake 20-25 mins. 
       Loosen edge of muffins.  Turn out to cool.

       Honey Sweet Rolls - 2nd place Wilma White

       1   cup milk                   2   tablespoons dry yeast
       1/4 cup honey                   1/4 cup lukewarm water
       1/4 cup vegetable oil          2   eggs, beaten
       1   teaspoon salt              5   cups flour

       Scald milk,  add honey, vegetable oil, and salt.   Soften yeast in
       lukewarm water and add to milk mixture.   Add beaten eggs and half
       of the flour.  Beat well and add the rest of the flour.   Mix well
       and  knead  on a slightly floured board until  smooth.   Place  in
       slightly greased bowl.   Cover and let rise until double in  bulk. 
       Punch down and form into rolls.  Let rise again.   Bake 25 minutes
       in a 350 degree oven.

       Beer Bread - 3rd place Tim Laughlin

       2   cups white flour           1  cup whole wheat flour
       3   teaspoon baking powder     1/2 cup Honey
       1   teaspoon salt              1 12-oz can beer

       Combine all ingredients and stir until moist.  Put in greased loaf
       pan.   Let sit for 10 minutes at room temperature.   Bake in a 350
       degree  oven for about 50 minutes or until brown or sounds  hollow
       when knocked on the bottom.

       5. COOKIES

       Calypso Bars - 1st place Patty Stewart ("really good taste")

       Chocolate-raisin sauce:
       2/3   cup hot water             1/3   cups Honey
       1 1/3 cups raisins             1     tablespoons butter
       1     teaspoon vanilla         2 1/2 squares unsweetened chocolate

       Melt  chocolate  in  hot  water  over  low  heat.   Add  remaining
       ingredients. Cool. 

       Batter:
       3/4   cup butter                2/3   cup honey
       1 3/4 cups flour                1/2   teaspoon salt
       1/2   teaspoon baking soda     1 3/4 cups oats.

       Cream  butter and honey together.   Add remaining ingredients  and
       blend  well.   Press  1/2 of this batter into a greased 9x13  inch
       baking  pan.   Spread  with chocolate-raisin sauce  and  top  with
       remaining batter.  Bake at 325 degrees F for 25 minutes.

       Honey Chippies - 2nd place Zada Glew

       1 cup oleo                     1 (6 oz) pkg. butterscotch chips
       1/2 cup honey                   1/2 cup sunflower seeds, shelled
       1 teaspoon vanilla             2 cups flour
       1 teaspoon salt                1 cup oatmeal (quick)

       Blend oleo and honey.   Then add remaining ingredients.   Roll  in
       balls. Flatten with a fork.  Bake at 325 degrees F for 10-12 mins.

       Honey Oatmeal Chewies - Zada Glew

       1  egg                         1 1/4 cup butter flavored crisco
       1  cup sugar                   1 teaspoon vanilla
       2/3 cup brown sugar            1 teaspoon baking soda
       1/4 cup honey                  1 cup quick oatmeal
       1/4 cup milk                   1 cup chopped dates
       1   teaspoon salt              1 cur angel flake coconut

       Cream  crisco  shortening,  sugar,  honey and add  egg,  milk  and
       vanilla.  Beat until light and fluffy.  Combine flour, brown sugar
       and salt.   Mix into creamed mixture.   Stir in oatmeal,  coconut,
       dates,  and nuts.   Drop by teaspoonfuls onto an ungreased  cookie
       sheet.  Bake at 350 degrees for 11-12 minutes.

       6. CAKES

       Honey Cake - one entrant, Tim Laughlin

       2   eggs                       1   teaspoon cinnamon
       1   cup sugar                  2   1/2 cups flour
       1/2 cup vegetable oil          1   cup strong coffee
       1   teaspoon baking soda        1/2 cup nuts or raisins,
       1   teaspoon baking powder         if desired
       3/4 cup Honey

       Blend all ingredients and beat 5 minutes.   Pour into three 8-inch
       greased and floured loaf pans.  Bake at 375 degrees F for about 
       40 minutes or until cake pulls away from the pan.  Makes 3 loaves.

       IOWA HONEY PRODUCERS ASSOCIATION

       1995 MEMBERSHIP DUES:
       Iowa    Honey   Producers   Association                  $    5.00   
       $_________

       American    Honey   Producers         1-50   colonies       $20.00    
       $_________
                                    51-     500    colonies        $75.00   
       $_________
          First time    []         Renewal     []   (Check one)

       American   Beekeeping   Federation   1-50    colonies       $20.00   
       $_________
                                    51-     500    colonies        $50.00   
       $_________
          First time    []         Renewal     []   (Check one)

       SUBSCRIPTIONS:
       American   Bee   Journal        One   Year      $16.95*     $12.70   
       $_________
                                 Two     Years       $31.40*       $23.55   
       $_________
       (Check one) First time []     Renewal []  Exp.date_________

       Bee   Culture   magazine        One   Year      $16.50*     $12.25   
       $_________
                                 Two     Years       $30.00*       $22.50   
       $_________
       (Check one) First time []     Renewal []  Exp.date_________
           
       Speedy   Bee   newspaper        One   Year      $17.25*     $13.25   
       $_________
                                 Two     Years       $32.50*       $25.25   
       $_________
       (Check one) First time []     Renewal []  Exp.date_________

                                                                 ========
       ======

                                                          TOTAL 
       $_________

       *PRICE YOU WOULD PAY FOR MAGAZINE IF YOU DID NOT BELONG TO IHPA


       CHECK PAYABLE TO:  IOWA HONEY PRODUCERS ASSN.

       SEND CHECK AND FORM TO:     Gordon Powell
                                   4012 - 54th St.
                                   Des Moines, IA 50310
                                   (515 ) 278-1762


       NAME______________________________________________________________
       __

       ADDRESS:__________________________________________________________
       __

       CITY:____________________STATE_________________ZIP________________
       __

       PHONE(____)_______________________________________________________
       __

       No. of Colonies_________       No. of years kept bees__________

       11/23/94



From terry-dahms@uiowa.edu Tue Feb 21 22:27:01 EST 1995
Article: 1361 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!in1.uu.net!news.uiowa.edu!blue.weeg.uiowa.edu!drone.weeg.uiowa.edu!terry-dahms
From: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu (Terry Dahms)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Feb. 95 'Buzz' - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 1995 09:56:56
Organization: Weeg Computing Center
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       Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres.
       East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc.
       internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                  THE BUZZ                     FEBRUARY, 1995
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa
       Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa  Honey 
       Producers  Association  (IHPA),  an affiliate member of  the  Iowa
       Horticultural Society.   Copy deadline is the 20th of each  month. 
       Your  ideas,  comments  and letters are welcomed  and  encouraged. 
       EDITOR:   Bob  Cox,  State Apiarist,  Iowa Dept.  of  Agriculture,
       Wallace Building,  Des Monies, IA.   50319 Phone:  (515) 281-5736. 
       IHPA  MEMBERSHIP:   Membership dues in the  Iowa  Honey  Producers
       Assn. are $5.00/year.  Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer.
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       STATE APIARIST REPORT
          It  was great today (1/31/95) to see all the bees out taking  a
       cleansing  flight,  although I'm sure winter is not over yet.   My
       colonies  seem  to have plenty of honey but some of  the  clusters
       were  small.   I checked a few bees for tracheal mite and did  not
       find any.  
          How are your bees doing?  When we have some of these mid-winter
       thaw days,  its a good idea to check on the bees to see how  their
       winter stores are holding up and if there is any life in the hive.
          There  were many interesting and important issues discussed  at
       the  national meetings in January.  Everyone is waiting for  price
       relief from the anti-dumping suit.   Things seem to be going well,
       but  the first major decision won't be made until March or May  by
       the International Trade Commission.   The suit itself turns out to
       be  somewhat  controversial amoung various segments of  the  honey
       industry.   Some  producer-packers find themselves caught  in  the
       middle with both sides soliciting money to fight each other.
          The  Varroa and tracheal mites really took a toll on  the  bees
       this  past season.   The primary symptom has been sick  and  dying
       brood that looks sort of like foulbrood and sac brood combined and
       has been named "Bee Parasitic Mite Syndrone or BPMS".   Scientists
       studying  it  have  found  that it is  not  American  or  European
       foulbrood.   They suspect that several viruses are  involved,  but
       the  bees usually have these viruses.   One theory says  that  the
       injury  to the bee's body caused by Varroa may be  what  activates
       the  latent  viruses.    The  Beltsville  Bee  Lab  has  put  five
       scientists  to  work on solving this puzzle and coming up  with  a
       remedy.
          At  the Apiary Inspectors of America meeting last month,  there
       was much talk about the changing role of bee inspectors.   Changes
       suggested  were  that  more emphasis be  given  to  education  and
       diagnosis of diseases, parasites and any other colony problems and
       less emphasis on "police"  type activities.   That's a great idea,
       however,  in most states the law would have to be changed to allow
       for that kind of service to be offered by the state apiarist.  The
       Nova  Scotia Department of Agriculture is changing the title  from
       "bee  inspector"  to "bee health advisor".   What  does  the  Iowa
       beekeeping industry want?
          Sign up for a beekeeping class in Des Moines,  Cedar Rapids  or
       St. Paul, Minnesota this spring. You'll be glad you did!
       AMATEUR BEEKEEPERS WANTED
          The  Indian  Creek  Nature Center near Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa  is
       seeking people interested in producing honey on their land.
          The  Center  will  sponsor a beekeeping class  that  will  meet
       several  times  during  1995.    It  will  be  taught  by  veteran
       beekeepers Russ Swenson and Bob Wolfe.
          "This  class  is  designed for people  who  are  interested  in
       tending  their  own hives or have a strong interest  in  bees  and
       honey," said Swenson.
          In  addition  to  beekeeping  techniques,  students  will  have
       several  opportunities  to  work hives under  the  supervision  of
       Swenson  and  Wolfe  and pool money to  purchase  equipment  at  a
       discount.
          The  first  meeting  of the class  will  take  place  Saturday,
       February  18  at 2:00 p.m.  Class registration is $10  for  Nature
       Center  members  and  $20 for nonmembers.   For  information  call
       362-0664.

       BEEKEEPING CLASS TO BE OFFERED IN DES MOINES
            Starting on Tuesday,  March 7, 1995 a beekeeping class will be
       offered  by the Iowa Department of Agriculture in cooperation  with
       Polk  county ISU Extension service.  It will be held every  Tuesday
       night for 8 weeks at the Des Moines Botanical Center.  This will be
       an  in-depth class covering a variety of topics on  beekeeping  for
       fun and profit.  Each class session will last from 7:00 - 9:00 p.m.
            The  class will include hands-on experience in  beekeeping  in
       the classroom and during field trips.  Those interested in starting
       with  bees,  novice  beekeepers and  seasoned  beekeepers  are  all
       welcome to participate.
            Pre-registration   is   required  by  February  27th   and   a
       registration  fee  will  be charged.  For more  information  and  a
       registration form contact Bob Cox, State Apiarist,  Iowa Department
       of Agriculture,  Wallace Building, Des Moines, Iowa 50319 telephone
       (515) 281-5736 or FAX 242-5015

                       BEE NUTTY CHOCO-CHIP COOKIES - NHB

       1/2  cup honey                  1/2  cup peanut butter
       1/2  cup butter or margarine    1/4 cup packed brown sugar
       1    egg                        1 1/2 teaspoons vanilla
       2    cups flour
       1/2  teaspoon each baking soda and salt
       1    cup (6 oz.) chocolate morsels
       1/2  cup coarsely chopped roasted peanuts

       Combine  honey,  peanut butter,  butter and brown sugar  in  large
       bowl;  beat  until  light and fluffy.  Add egg  and  vanilla;  mix
       thoroughly.  Combine flour,  soda and salt;  mix well.  Stir  into
       peanut mixture.  Stir in chocolate morsels and peanuts.  Using 1/4
       cup  for each cookie,  drop onto ungreased cookie  sheet;  flatten
       slightly.  Bake  at  350 degrees 8-10  minutes  or  until  lightly
       browned. Remove to rack and cool. Makes 16 (3 inch) cookies.

       TERRAMYCIN USE IN EXTENDER PATTIES by Malcolm T. Sanford
          There  continues  to  be  a  good  deal  of  discussion   about
       Terramycin  use  in bee colonies.  This is  especially  true  with
       reference  to  vegetable  oil  "extender  patties."    Dr.   Kieth
       Delaplane  at  the University of Georgia recently  co-authored  an
       article with Dr. Fernando Lozano, who works for Pfizer, Inc.,  the
       manufacturer   of  Terramycin.    The  article   entitled   "Using
       Terramycin in Honey Bee Colonies," American Bee Journal, Vol. 134,
       No. 4, April 1994, pp 259-261, emphasizes several points:
          1.  Terramycin is the only medication approved  for  preventing
       and controlling American and European foulbrood.
          2.  Pfizer,  Inc.,  makes three formulations for bees:  TM-50D,
       TM-100D, and TM-25, also known as Terramycin Soluble Powder (TSP).
          3.  TM-50D contains 50 grams of active ingredient per pound and
       TM-100D  contains  100 grams of active ingredient  per  pound  and
       TM-25  contains 25 grams of active ingredients per pound,  but  is
       packaged  in  6.4 ounce foil packs,  each containing 10  grams  of
       active ingredient.
          4.  At  least  three bee supply  companies  reformulate  Pfizer
       Terramycin products into medications under different brand names.
          5.  Not all Terramycin products are safe for bees;  only  those
       that have labels for honey bees should and can legally be used.
          6.  The product most readily available in small  quantities  --
       TSP  or  TM-25 -- has a label which creates  confusion.   It  uses
       "impractically  small  units (teaspoons and ounces),"  contains  a
       reference  to TM-10 (a cancelled product) and has no  instructions
       for mixing antibiotic extender patties.
          7.  Extender patties allow Terramycin to be delivered for up to
       several  weeks  with only one trip to the bee hive.   The  oil  in
       extender patties has also been shown to deter tracheal mites.
          The  original idea of extender patties comes from work  by  Dr.
       Bill  Wilson and colleagues entitled "Antibiotic  Treatments  That
       Last Longer," American Bee Journal, September, 1970, pp.  348-351.
       The recipe in that article,  thought to be the best in most cases,
       has been published many times, including the July 1992 APIS. It is
       1/3 pound Crisco, 2/3 pound granulated sugar, 2 tablespoons of TSP
       or TM-25,  yielding two patties.  Later,  Dr.  Wilson found that a
       patty half as large was satisfactory and would last six weeks.
          The  article by Drs.  Delaplane and Lozano has recipes for  all
       Pfizer  products formulated as dust, syrup and patties.   The  TSP
       "dosage guide" for extender patties is as follows:
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
       No. of 6.4 oz.    Lbs. vegetable    powdered    Colonies treated
       packets TSP         shortening       sugar     1 lb. patty/colony

          1                   4.6            9.1             14
          2                   9.1           18.2             28
          3                  13.7           27.4             42
          4                  18.2           36.5             56
          5                  22.8           45.6             70
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
          The  authors state that the TSP,  powdered sugar and  vegetable
       shortening should be mixed together and each colony be fed a patty
       on the top bars.   (Editors note: Many beekeepers use a 1/2  pound
       patty  of  this  same  mix and also  use  granulated  rather  than
       powdered sugar.)  They also urge removal of any remaining material
       at  least  four  weeks before the honey flow and  that  any  honey
       stored  while patties are on a colony must not be used  for  human
       consumption.   Finally, they state that extender patties require a
       higher  dosage  of  medication per colony (up  to  800  mg  active
       ingredient)  to provide adequate active ingredient  levels.   This
       means  that fewer colonies can be treated with the same amount  of
       of active ingredient using the extender patty method.
       (taken   in  part  from  APIS,   Florida  Extension's   Beekeeping
       newsletter)
          Several studies have shown that use of Extender patties,  on  a
       continual  basis  year  round,   will  keep  down  tracheal   mite
       populations in colonies.   These "grease patties"  cannot  contain
       Terramycin shortly before and during surplus honey production.

                               CALENDAR OF EVENTS

       FEBRUARY
       27        Registration deadline for SRPING BEEKEEPING CLASS in 
                 Des Moines

       MARCH
       4         IHPA Board Meeting 1:00 p.m. at Barn Restaurant in Amana.

       11        Missouri  State Beekeepers Spring Meeting  in  Columbia,
                 MO. For more details contact Larry Hensley 314-355-6935

       13        Eastcentral  Iowa Beekeepers Assn. Meeting 7:00  p.m.  at
                 Montgomery Hall, Johnson County Fairgrounds, Iowa City.

       19        Central  Iowa  Beekeepers  Assn.   Meeting.    5:30  p.m.
                 Buffet    dinner.    6:30  p.m.   Meeting  (Election   of
                 Officers).     Royal Cafe in Huxley.   DIRECTIONS:   Take
                 Hwy. 210 exit   from I-35 and   go west to U.S. Hwy.  69. 
                 Go north to   Huxley one mile,  then through town to  the
                 shopping   center on the east side of the highway.

       25        Southwest Wisconsin Honey Producers Meeting in Kieler,
                 WI. For more details contact Metz Honey at 608-568-7601


                            CARAMEL CORN - Zada Glew

       2     tablespoons butter         3/4 cup brown sugar
       1/3   cup Honey                  8   cups popped popcorn

       Heat butter,  brown sugar and honey in a small saucepan on  medium
       heat  until bubbling along the sides.   Pour mixture  over  popped
       popcorn, stir thoroughly and let cool.


       HONEY BOARD EXHIBITS U.S. HONEY IN MIDDLE EAST
          United  States honey and honey products were displayed  by  the
       National  Honey  Board in the Fifth Annual Gulf Food  &  Equipment
       Exhibit  (known as GULFOOD'95) held Jan.  15-18,  1995  in  Dubai,
       United Arab Emirates.   GULFOOD'95 is acknowledged as the  premier
       Middle  East  international  food  trade  exhibition.    Over  300
       exhibitors from all sectors of the food industry were expected  to
       participate  and  the show was expected to draw over  5,000  trade
       visitors from around the world.
          The Middle East region is one of the fastest growing markets in
       the  world  and  is  almost totally  dependent  on  food  imports. 
       GULFOOD'95  is timed to coincide with the peak  purchasing  period
       for the Middle East food market.
          For the past several years, the Honey Board has participated in
       one or more international food shows.   Honey exporters (those who
       chose to be included in the Honey Board's 1992 Exporters Directory
       as  well as exporters who have had contact with the Board  in  the
       interim)  are  notified of upcoming shows and invited  to  display
       their U.S. honey products.  As of the December 9th deadline, seven
       exporters had agreed to participate in GULFOOD'95.
          If you are interested in displaying your U.S.  honey and  honey
       products in future international trade shows, contact Linda Hampel
       at the National Honey Board office, (303) 776-2337 ext. 20.


                                HONEY OF A VERSE

         He (Jonathan) put forth the end of the rod that was in his hand,
       and dipped it in an HONEYCOMB, and put his hand to his mouth;  and
       his eyes were enlightened.(I Samuel 14:27b)

       DID YOU KNOW THAT...
             Eliza  Gallup  of  Osage,   Iowa  received  attention  as  a
       beekeeper  soon after the Civil War by writing regularly  for  the
       American  Bee Journal.  He wrote on introducing Italian queens  in
       1866, but his contributions covered the entire field of beekeeping
       operations.  He attended the First American Beekeepers  Convention
       held at Cleveland, Ohio in March 1860 and was elected treasurer of
       the organization.   G.M.  Doolittle,  called the "father of  queen
       rearing,"  was  one  of  Gallup's early  pupils.   He  taught  the
       importance of the queen in good beekeeping. (from "History of Iowa
       Beekeeping" by Prof. F.B. Paddock)

       FOR SALE:   100 colonies in good condition with '94 queens.   Will
       sell  all or part.   Contact:  Bill Eickholt,  412  Sherman  Ave.,
       Cherokee, IA 51012  (712) 225-5207.

       FOR  SALE:   Italian Bee Packages with Queen.  Two  pound  $24.00,
       Three  pound  $28.00.   Queens $7.00.   All shipped  with  Apistan
       strips.   To be picked up April 6.   Call Douglas Child in Aurora,
       Iowa at (319) 634-3682.


       JOB  OPENING:  Research  technician. B.S.  degree  and  beekeeping
       experience  required and lab experience is a plus.   The  position
       can  be  filled at a higher level for a qualified  person  with  a
       masters degree.   Contact:   Dr. Thomas Webster,  Atwood  Research
       Facility,  Kentucky State University, Frankfort,  KY 40601  phone:
       (502) 227-6351.

       FOR SALE:  Bee Culture/ABJ collection 1965-1994.   500+ magazines.
       Many  complete years in good,  clean,  organized condition.   Some
       collector's items.  Was $295 in the making, asking $75.  Call ph.#
       (515) 253-0525.

           QUOTABLE QUOTE

       Isn't it funny
       How a bear likes honey?

        (Alan Alexander Milne)

       ENTRY PERMITS
          If  you plan to transport a load of packages or  colonies  into
       the  state this spring,  you need to request an entry permit  from
       the  state  apiarist's  office.   A permit  is  not  required  for
       packages or queens entering the state via the U.S. Postal Service.
          The  reason  for  the permit is to make sure  the  packages  or
       colonies  are  treated for the Varroa mite and  free  of  American
       foulbrood disease.   It is unfair to sell bees that become sick or
       die soon after purchase.
          Contact Bob Cox,  State Apiarist as soon as possible to  obtain
       an  entry permit.   Phone (515) 281-5736 or FAX 242-5736  at  Iowa
       Department of Agriculture, Wallace State Office Bldg., Des Moines,
       IA 50319.




From david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM Fri Feb 24 21:55:24 EST 1995
Article: 1362 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!uunet!ncrgw2.ncr.com!ncrhub2!ncrcae!news
From: david macfawn <david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM>
Subject: Miller Wood Products
Message-ID: <D4DEtL.9s9@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
Sender: news@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (news)
Reply-To: david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM (DAVEM)
Organization: AT&T Global Information Solutions
X-Newsreader: DiscussIT 2.0.1.2 for MS Windows [AT&T Software Products Division]
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 1995 22:08:08 GMT
Lines: 11


Has anyone ordered equipment (hive bodies, supers, tops and bottoms, & frames)
from Miller Wood Products in White city, OR.  They have some really good
prices advertised in the American Bee Journal but I am wondering as to the
quality...does it all fit square??

Thanks, Dave M.
david macfawn
AT&T Global Information Solutions
david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM
(803) 939-632-7409


From ehrlich@world.std.com Fri Feb 24 21:55:25 EST 1995
Article: 1363 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!panix!news.mathworks.com!uunet!world!ehrlich
From: ehrlich@world.std.com
Subject: ISO: 'Stay Healthy, Eat Your Honey' license plate holder
Message-ID: <D4DApv.GKt@world.std.com>
Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 1995 20:39:31 GMT
Lines: 9

I'm not a beekeeper any more, but I liked my license plate holder.
Unfortunately, it got torn off of my car.

Is this item in any beekeeping cataloges?  Could you email their
ordering phone number to me?  Thanks.

Stu E.
ehrlich@world.std.com



From pamschel@interserv.com Fri Feb 24 21:55:26 EST 1995
Article: 1364 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!news.interserv.net!usenet
From: pamschel@interserv.com
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: extracting honey
Date: 18 Feb 1995 06:38:24 GMT
Organization: NovX InterServ News Service
Lines: 6
Message-ID: <3i44l0$8ud@data.interserv.net>
References: <3hqg40$pje@bud.peinet.pe.ca>
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X-Newsreader: AIR News 3.X (SPRY, Inc.)

There is a honey extractor which will spin 2 frames, one on each side. It is sturdy plastic and metal 
and it is made in China and it costs $100.00. I ordered mine out of the Dadant catalogue. As far as I 
know, centrifugal force is the only way to extract with any efficiency, unless you go for the honey in 
the combs, which is what I am thinking of doing next. I have been keeping bees for one year here 
in California.



From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Fri Feb 24 21:55:27 EST 1995
Article: 1365 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!msunews!netnews.upenn.edu!dolphin.upenn.edu!djt
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: PETA and bees. A response from an English "animal rights nazi"
Message-ID: <3ib9cc$4bf@netnews.upenn.edu>
From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Date: 20 Feb 1995 23:42:04 GMT
References: <dstamper.52.2F46D778@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> 
 <dstamper.53.2F46D8C1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <115@kiwifruit.win-uk.net> 
 <dstamper.60.2F47DB65@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> 
 <3ia7q0$hhr@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
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Adam Finkelstein (adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu) wrote:
: In article <dstamper.60.2F47DB65@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>,
: David M. Stamper <dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> wrote:
: >
: >Wrong group Roger.  The reason for my posting was because it directly dealt 
: >with bees and beekeeping.  Apparently you DO have a mind of your own as you  
: >recognize that exploitation of bees, for the vast majority of cases, does not 
: >constitute abuse of bees.  If you want to discuss shipping cattle, go to 
: >talk.politics.animals.

: Seems Roger posted a pretty straightforward point:
: He is a beekeeper, a vegan , and *not* a Nazi.
: His cattle shipping example works in his illustration.
: Maybe as beekeepers, we shouldn't overreact to the Peta stuff?
: Who really cares what they think right? 
: Adam
: -- 

I'm strongly inclined to agree; after the earlier query about beekeeping
and cruelty, I logged onto their newsgroup (it's animal.politics or
something similar) and scanned through some of the posts.  Although there
are SOME thoughtful participants involved in it, it's full of personal
attacks and pseudophilosphical drivel.  I'd hate to see this newsgroup
degenerate to such a tone. 

Dave


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Feb 24 21:55:29 EST 1995
Article: 1366 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!overload.lbl.gov!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Where are the bees?
Date: Wed, 22 Feb 1995 08:11:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950222074012923@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 102       


<quotes>

<>Date:         Tue, 21 Feb 1995 18:12:31 -0800
<>From: "Paul Cronshaw, D.C." <cronshaw@RAIN.ORG>
<>Subject:      Where are the bees?

<>Recent rains in Southern Calif and a mid spring have prompted local
<>fruit trees to begin blossoming.  But there is something missing -
<>Bees.

Hello Paul,

The bees will soon be back, they are all up in central California
doing their duty in the almonds.

<>I have been monitoring the neighborhood blossom for our friendly
<>pollinators but there are very few if any. And I was hoping to get a
<>bumper crop of apricots this year. :(

Bee's will work apricots, but as they produce a nectar with very little
sugar it is not uncommon not to find many bees working them if there
is anything else in bloom. Not sure what area your are in, but with
all the rain and warm weather I am sure there are many other flowers
for bees besides the apricots. Check the blue gum trees or the wild
mustard fields if you have any near by and see if the bees are all
working there.

<>I have been keeping bees for over 20 years and NEVER seen anything
<>like this. Has anyone else noticed this in their neighborhood.

Yes, it has been reported by others, but some reduction in bee
population is a natural function of pasture. If the pasture is poor
as in an extended drought like California has experienced for the
last few years you would expect to see fewer successful feral hives.

<>I'm afraid that with the lack of pollination from local feral hives
<>will eventually cause a raise in the food prices.

Well, if all you ate was almonds, then you should worry. Most of
California agriculture is not dependent on bees other then to produce
seed. California had NO Honey Bee's before the mid 1800's and with
few notable exception, (Donner Party), no reports of any mass
starvation in non beekeepers. Good news, apricots do well without
honey bees in most areas and in fact most apricot growers don't
appreciate any help from honey bees as with large sets comes high
thinning costs as small size fruit does not pay the cost of picking.
Without laws to protect bees from pesticides apricot growers would
do a job on them to keep them from trespassing in their orchards and
in the past many did just that..

<>Does this mean that Varroa or other diseases are having that much of
<>effect on the bee population? or is beekeeping dying as a hobby?

No beekeeping as a hobby should thrive. Hobbyists with a little
experience take as good or better care of their bees then us old
commercial beekeepers as we can only put back what the bees make and
in bad times that is not much. I do expect a dramatic reduction in
commercial beekeepers in the next few years if the economics don't
improve. There is something out there that is taking a horrible tole
on bees, and Vampire mites are the popular suspect, I suspect if we
had no Vampire mites it would be something else, but losses are real to
those who are experiencing them. And if you don't protect your bees
with Apistan and they die then you will wish you had protected them.

<>I read on this bee-list about resistence to Apistan (just like
<>antibiotics in humans).  Are there any alternatives to APistan or
<>being developed?

True, there has been antidotal reports from beekeepers in California
that say the same thing for over a year. Is it true? I am inclined to
believe NOT YET in general, but I would expect that it will be. My
reasoning is: From day one the active chemical in Apistan strips did
not kill 100% of the mites, leaving a residue population as an ideal
reservoir for building resistance stock. Another factor could be the
manufacture of the strips has reduced the amount of active material as
beekeepers were able to use the strips several times killing repeat
sales. And then there are the beekeepers who leave the strips in over
winter or all year around.


<>How about releasing sterilized adult Varroa to stop the life cycle for
<>awhile?

How about it? A better question who would pay for it? A few years back
there was a chance for beekeepers to get sterilized wax moths started,
when wax moths were one of our major problems, and because of the lack
of people willing to pay a small price to rid their bee hives of wax
moths we will never know if it really would have worked.

<>Hoping to see some more bee activity on my fruit trees soon...

I would bet you will get a good crop of fruit if you can protect it
from the hungry birds.
                            ttul Andy-


For computer generated answers to beekeeping questions call
Wild Bee's BBS @ 209-826-8107 and page the OLd Drone to talk
with a 100% cybernated beekeeper the only one like it in the world
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(c) Permission to reproduce granted.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Feb 24 21:55:30 EST 1995
Article: 1367 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Where are the bees?
Date: Wed, 22 Feb 1995 08:13:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950222074012924@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 31        


                    ----------------------------------------
Date:         Tue, 21 Feb 1995 18:12:31 -0800
From: "Paul Cronshaw, D.C." <cronshaw@RAIN.ORG>
Subject:      Where are the bees?

Recent rains in Southern Calif and a mid spring have prompted local fruit
trees to begin blossoming.  But there is something missing - Bees.

I have been monitoring the neighborhood blossom for our friendly
pollinators but there are very few if any. And I was hoping to get a bumper
crop of apricots this year. :(

I have been keeping bees for over 20 years and NEVER seen anything like
this. Has anyone else noticed this in their neighborhood.

I'm afraid that with the lack of pollination from local feral hives will
eventually cause a raise in the food prices.

Does this mean that Varroa or other diseases are having that much of effect
on the bee population? or is beekeeping dying as a hobby?

I read on this bee-list about resistence to Apistan (just like antibiotics
in humans).  Are there any alternatives to APistan or being developed?

How about releasing sterilized adult Varroa to stop the life cycle for awhile?

Hoping to see some more bee activity on my fruit trees soon...

Paul Cronshaw DC
cronshaw@rain.org


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Feb 24 21:55:32 EST 1995
Article: 1368 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Land of Milk & Honey
Date: Thu, 23 Feb 1995 05:01:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950222222102929@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 82        


originally in conference IN--RURALmis on WILDBEES (WILD BEE'S BBS)
                    ----------------------------------------
 |-----------------|Af017@freenet.Carleton.Ca (david R. Smith)refer#: None
 wrote:
>During that period most opinion polls of both consumers and
>farmers ran 90% against BGH.
 |----end quotes---------------------------------|

   Heck, David, bet the same city people if polled would not want
to live next to a diary farm or a diary farmer...City people are
biased when it comes to farmers in any form, a natural bias as most
moved to the city to get away from the farm generations ago. City people
know farmers are genetically different, farmers plunder, rape, and kill
only what is necessary to produce food for themselves and to sell to
others, unlike city people who do it randomly for the fun of it.
Government policy is also biased, they want the farmer to do what ever
is necessary to supply a adequate supply of food, just as long as it is
cheep. Anything else they could care less, after all farmers don't make
up any significant voting blocks, and mostly are represented by others
who sell things to farmers, insurance companies, supplies, the AARP,
and the like.

   A lot has to do with how or why the poll was taken in the first
place. Nobody that does not know what BTH is, including me, would
want it added to their ice cream. But the same people could have a
different opinion if it was going to make that ice cream less expensive.

   The reality of it all is that milk once it leaves the dairy farm is
like a raw ingredient for manufacturing this product or that. It is not
what came from the cow in its natural state.

   Its strained to get the lumps out, chilled to capture its fresh
flavor, heated to kill the little bugs, separated into its different
fractions, and then assembled to produce a finished product with the
addition of this chemical or that depending on the product. It stopped
being natural when it left the cows udder for the bucket.

   As far a BGH goes, don't see what the fuss is about. We should be
so worried about the other things that get added to milk and products
made with milk. The cultures of this or that, guargums, seaweeds,
and weird powered stuff not unlike what is sold in a Chinese drug store
made of powered dried cow parts and the like. Some of this stuff if
eaten alone would gag a maggot if it did not poison you.

Like I said not being a dairyman I am willing to leave it up to the
Dairyman what he puts in his cows, if its safe by government standards,
and BGH seems to have passed the tests its OK with me. Heck I drink
chocolate milk anyway...

   We being the Land of Milk and Honey, have advanced to the point
in civilization that Honey is the only natural food left of the two.
Honey has nothing added, nothing taken away, no government support, if
you buy it from your local politically right American Honey producer,
anything else is buyer beeware.

                                  ttul Andy-

   ______________________
  (//////////////////////)     For ANYDAY, no gift say's more!
  (//////////////////////)
  /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\             "H-O-N-E-Y  I LOVE YOU !
 |     Wild Flower!       |
 |                        |              .,,,,,,,,,,.
 |  _   _          \    / |            ,;;;;;;;;;;;;;;,
 | | |_| | __      _ \/   |          ,;;;;;;;;;;;)));;(((,,;;;,,_
 | | |-| |:  :|\ |:_ ::   |         ,;;;;;;;;;;'      |)))))))))))\\
 | |_| |_|:__:| \|:_ ||   |         ;;;;;;/ )''    - /,)))((((((((((\
 |                        |         ;;;;' \        ~|\  ))))))))))))))
 |  Product of LOVE 16oz  |         /     /         |   ((((((((((((((
 |________________________|       /'      \      _/~'    ')|()))))))))
                                /'         `\   />     o_/)))((((((((
  Flowers are great, but for   /          /' `~~(____ /  ()))))))))))
  a Love that lasts HONEY is  |     ---,   \        \     ((((((((((
  the right treatment...!               `\   \~-_____|      ))))))))
  "Omar Kiyamm" 5th Cen. Apiarist         `\  |      |_.---.  \  -Tua Xiong



(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
(U)Opinions are not necessarily fact.
Check the facts before expressing opinion.


From tomowens@pacificrim.net Fri Feb 24 21:55:33 EST 1995
Article: 1369 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!uwm.edu!news.alpha.net!news.mathworks.com!uunet!nwlink.com!baja.pacificrim.net!pacificrim.net!tomowens
From: tomowens@pacificrim.net (Tom Owens)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bee's wax
Date: Wed, 22 Feb 1995 22:39:05
Organization: Fuel/Energy Consulting
Lines: 6
Message-ID: <tomowens.5.0016A76A@pacificrim.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ppp33.pacificrim.net
Summary: Need Source of Was
Keywords: wax
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

I would like to find a source of bees was.  It will be used for candle making. 
Anyone with ideas??

Please E-mail    tomowens@pacificrim.net

Thanks


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Feb 24 21:55:35 EST 1995
Article: 1370 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: PETA and bees. A response from an English "animal rights nazi"
Date: 20 Feb 1995 14:09:04 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 19
Message-ID: <3ia7q0$hhr@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <dstamper.52.2F46D778@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <dstamper.53.2F46D8C1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <115@kiwifruit.win-uk.net> <dstamper.60.2F47DB65@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <dstamper.60.2F47DB65@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>,
David M. Stamper <dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> wrote:
>
>Wrong group Roger.  The reason for my posting was because it directly dealt 
>with bees and beekeeping.  Apparently you DO have a mind of your own as you  
>recognize that exploitation of bees, for the vast majority of cases, does not 
>constitute abuse of bees.  If you want to discuss shipping cattle, go to 
>talk.politics.animals.

Seems Roger posted a pretty straightforward point:
He is a beekeeper, a vegan , and *not* a Nazi.
His cattle shipping example works in his illustration.
Maybe as beekeepers, we shouldn't overreact to the Peta stuff?
Who really cares what they think right? 
Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From chowe@cthoneybee.win.net Fri Feb 24 21:55:36 EST 1995
Article: 1371 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!ncar!ames!hookup!news.mathworks.com!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!malgudi.oar.net!warlock.win.net!witch!cthoneybee!chowe
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Message-ID: <463@cthoneybee.win.net>
References: <9502142127591.The_Win-D.rogerpost@delphi.com> <D422IB.2uF@cuug.ab.ca><3htt46$gu3@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Reply-To: chowe@cthoneybee.win.net (Charles Howe)
From: chowe@cthoneybee.win.net (Charles Howe)
Date: Thu, 23 Feb 1995 03:59:48 GMT
Subject: Re: bear fencing?
Lines: 41

 
In article <3htt46$gu3@solaris.cc.vt.edu>, Adam Finkelstein (adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu) writes:
>In article <D422IB.2uF@cuug.ab.ca>,
>Allen Dick 546-2588 <dicka@cuug.ab.ca> wrote:
>>Bear fences are a standard practice in some areas of Northern Alberta.
>>
>>I seem to remember 3 strands of smooth wire.  
>
>Beekeepers in the Virginia mountains use this same set-up.
>They spring for solar powered chargers too, and set them up in an empty
>hive! They use metal "T" posts. I think it was something like $150.00/yard
>but this is amortized over time and certainly worth it.
>Adam 
>-- 
>______________________________________
>Adam Finkelstein 
>adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 
>
UH-HUM...
Maybe I should butt in here. I have been using a nylon net fence in
which the horizontal strands are interwoven with stainless steel for
about 7 years. The fence is about 1 meter high and comes with its own
plastic posts installed. I think it is manufactured in U.K. or Europe
somewhere. I run it with a solar fence charger. I haven't had to train
the local bear population. However, when first installed one bear
tried to dig under it in two places before giving up. He/she had
gotten to one of my colonies before I installed the fence. In the
last 7 years I haven't had a bear get through a working fence. 

Last spring I forgot to turn the fence charger back on when leaving
the outyard. Within 2 days a bear got two of the three colonies
which were in the yard.

   -----------------------------------------
  | Chuck Howe - Editor                     |
  | Connecticut Honey Bee                   | 
  | INTERNET - CHOWE@CTHONEYBEE.WIN.NET     |
  | COMPUSERVE - 72726.1437@COMPUSERVE.COM  |
   -----------------------------------------
   




From scolenut@uoguelph.ca Fri Feb 24 21:55:38 EST 1995
Article: 1372 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: scolenut@uoguelph.ca (Sandra C Colenutt)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Tobacco vs Wood Smoke?
Date: 23 Feb 1995 14:16:42 GMT
Organization: University of Guelph
Lines: 9
Message-ID: <3ii5ca$de5@ccshst05.cs.uoguelph.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ccshst01.cs.uoguelph.ca
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

I am a University of Guelph student, and am considering doing a project 
this summer on the effects of Tobacco vs. Wood smoke on bee loss while 
moving hives.  Does anyone out there have any practical experience with 
using Tobacco smoke with bees, or any ideas of where I can find some 
information?

Any comments would be appreciated.  

e-mail scolenut@uoguelph.ca


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Fri Feb 24 21:55:39 EST 1995
Article: 1373 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!convex!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: PETA and bees. A response from an English "animal rights nazi"
Message-ID: <D4DoxL.Cq8@cuug.ab.ca>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
References: <dstamper.52.2F46D778@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu><dstamper.53.2F46D8C1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <115@kiwifruit.win-uk.net>
Date: Wed, 22 Feb 1995 01:41:29 GMT
Lines: 228

Congratulations: You have earned an honored place in my killfile, as have 
any gullible enough to respond to this troll.  Please remember this is 
(last time I looked) sci.agriculture.beekeeping

Roger Barton 
(rbarton@kiwifruit.win-uk.net) wrote: :  
: In article <dstamper.53.2F46D8C1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>, David M. Stamper (dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu) writes:
: >The following info was posted on talk.politics.animals.  The responses are 
: >mine.  Please add anything you think is necessary, as I am a newbie beekeeper. 
: >I tried to be as precise as possible, though.  Cross-posting is cool, 
: >sometimes.
: >
: >>> dgraft@news.gate.net (Donald Graft) writes:
: >
: >>>Here is the PeTA Factsheet covering bees. All the factsheets will soon
: >>>be available on the imminent PeTA homepage.
: >
: >>>   Each year, the down, silk, and honey industries kill thousands of
: >>>   geese, silkworms, and bees, respectively. Silk and honey producers
: >>>   excuse their actions with claims that worms and bees are "simple"
: >>>   forms of life, but consumers are beginning to question the unnecessary
: >>>   killing of even tiny, sometimes socially complex creatures like these.
: >>   
: >>>How About Honey?
: >
: >>>   In the honey industry, the buzz word is profit. Like factory farmers,
: >>>   many beekeepers take inhumane steps to ensure personal safety and
: >>>   reach production quotas. It is not unusual for larger honey producers
: >>>   to cut off the wings of the queen bee so that she cannot leave the
: >>>   colony, or to have her artificially inseminated on a bee-sized version
: >>>   of the factory farm "rape rack." (6) 
: >
: >>The cutting of wings is typically done to either mark the queen or reduce 
: >>(not eliminate) the ability of the colony to swarm.  There is absolutely NO 
: >>indication that this causes the queen bee (which can sting) any discomfort.  
: >
: >>The "rape rack" is obviously an emotional plea based on non-relevant material. 
: >>Artificial insemination is no more a rape than the gang rape that virgin 
: >>queens would get under natural conditions.
: >
: >>>   When the keeper wants to move a
: >>>   queen to a new colony, she is carried with "body-guard" bees, all of
: >>>   whom--if they survive transport-- will be killed by bees in the new
: >>>   colony. 
: >
: >>This is a complete lie.  The bees shipped with the queen in the cage are not 
: >>"body-guards", they are "nurses".  When the new queen and her attendants (in 
: >>the cage) are placed in the queenless hive, the workers eat the candy plug 
: >>from one end of the cage.  Meanwhile, honey and pollen are being passed back 
: >>and forth through the wire of the cage, therby spreading the new queen's 
: >>pheremones throughout the hive.  By the time the candy plug is removed, the 
: >>hive will accept the new queen AND her attendants.
: >
: >>>   Large commercial operations also may take all the honey instead of 
: >>>   leaving the 60 pounds or so that bees need to get through the winter.
: >>>   They replace the rich honey with a cheap sugar substitute that is not
: >>>   as fortifying or tasty. 
: >
: >>This is perhaps misleading.  What is meant by a "cheap sugar substitute"?  Is 
: >>such cases, sugar (sucrose) is fed to the bees to get them through the winter. 
: >>No sugar substitute is sufficient.  Nutrisweet and saccharin are not used.  
: >>Bees actually prefer food sources based mainly on sugar content.  For example, 
: >>a 50 % sugar solution (a cheap sugar substitute- by the PETA definition) is 
: >>preferred by bees who have free access to nectar with a 40% sugar 
: >>concentration (Free, J.B., and M.V. Smith, 1961).  They are apparently capable 
: >>of determining which food source is most efficient for them to gather and 
: >>base this decision on sugar content and distance from the hive.  
: >
: >>A summary for this:  the bees do think sugar is fortifying and tasty.
: >
: >>>   In colder areas, if the keepers consider it
: >>>   too costly to keep the bees alive through the winter, "disposable"
: >>>   hives allow them to destroy the hives by pouring gasoline on them,
: >>>   killing most of the bees with the fumes, and setting them on fire.
: >
: >>Another lie.
: >
: >>I wish I knew where I could get some of these "disposable" hives.  None of my 
: >>beekeeping suply catalogs have such equipment.  A commercial-sized hive 
: >>typically costs more than $400.  Clearly, such a practice would not be 
: >>cost-effective.  
: >
: >>Hives are destroyed by fire for other reasons, however.  It is generally 
: >>required by law to burn hives infected with American Foulbrood, caused by the 
: >>bacterium Bacillus larvae.  This disease is HIGHLY contagious and responds 
: >>only moderately to antibiotics- which cannot be used during a honey flow.  
: >>Since the causal agent can exist as a stress-resistant spore, the only real 
: >>treatment is complete destruction of the hive.  The bees are killed, and the 
: >>beekeeper is out his $400.
: >
: >>>   Other times, keepers, who feel that lost bees are easily replaced,
: >>>   allow them to die when trees are sprayed with insecticide. 
: >
: >>More lies.
: >
: >>It is not possible to prevent bees exposed to pesticides from dying, 
: >>though there generally are legal means of prosecuting someone who sprays 
: >>pesticide on honey crops without warning beekeepers.  A general claim that 
: >>beekeeping is an industry based on profits is not supported by a practice of 
: >>haphazard killing of bees.  If bees are killed by pesticide, that often means 
: >>that that hive will either be killed or severely weakened (depending on the 
: >>pesticide), and the beekeeper will have NO honey surplus from that hive that 
: >>year.  It is not a trivial thing to build up a strong, economically-viable 
: >>hive and commercial beekeepers work very hard to limit the dangers their bees 
: >>face.
: >
: >>>   Bees are often killed, 
: >>>   or their wings and legs torn off, by haphazard handling.
: >
: >>Yes, this is true.  Bees are also killed by animal rights Nazis going for 
: >>walks in the park.  So what.  Beekeepers generally take great care to minimize 
: >>the number of bees injured or killed during hive manipulation for a very 
: >>simple reason:  when bees are injured, they tend to sting.  When bees sting, 
: >>they release an alarm chemical, isoamyl acetate, which incites other bees to 
: >>sting.  Beekeepers generally wish to minimize the stings they receive, and it 
: >>is common to NOT get stung when manipulating a hive.
: >
: >>>   To produce a pound of honey, bees must get pollen from 2 million
: >>>   flowers, and must fly more than 55,000 miles. (7) Honeybees
: >>>   returning to the hive from a pollen-seeking expedition "dance" in
: >>>   figure eights to "map out" a route for other bees to follow. These
: >>>   dances "encode information about the distance and direction of a
: >>>   target that can be miles away from the nest," said Thomas D. Seeley of
: >>>   Cornell University. (8) 
: >
: >>Does this somehow represent an official PETA position on the exploitation of 
: >>bees?   
: >
: >>>   According to the Cook-DuPage Beekeepers' Association, humans have been
: >>>   using honey since about 15,000 B.C., but it took until the 20th
: >>>   century for people to turn bees into factory-farm animals. In 1987 the
: >>>   honey "crop" netted $115.4 million. (9) 
: >
: >>Again, is this a PETA position?  Or is it just an opportunity to use the 
: >>buzz-words factory farm?  Factory farms produce nearly all the food we eat, 
: >>including the food the animal rights Nazis eat.
: >
: >>>   Luckily, many sweeteners are
: >>>   made without killing bees: rice syrup, molasses, sorghum, barely malt,
: >>>   maple syrup, and dried fruit or fruit concentrates can replace honey
: >>>   in recipes. (10) Use these substitutes to keep your diet bee-free.
: >
: >>Lucky for whom?  None of these products can replace honey in recepies without 
: >>changing the flavor.  Maple syrup is probably the only thing in your list that 
: >>I enjoy.  Unfortunately, it costs about $25/gallon.    
: >
: >>   
: >>>  REFERENCES 
: >>>    1. "And a Cow Jumped Over the Moon," The Animals' Voice, February
: >>>       1989, p. 56. 
: >>>    2. Henry Kamm, "No Bed of Feathers for a Goose in Hungary," The New
: >>>       York Times, June 2, 1988. 
: >>>    3. Ibid. 
: >>>    4. Marcia Pearson, "Down," The Compassionate Shopper, Winter 1987-88.
: >>>    5. Al Schneider, "Down-Filled Clothing vs. Synthetics," Letters, The
: >>>       Washington Post Health Section, Jan. 16, 1990. 
: >>>    6. Arthur Ling, "Ain't So Sweet: The Other Side of Honey," The Vegan,
: >>>       Spring 1988, pp. 12-13. 
: >>>    7. Wally Spiers, Belleville News-Democrat, Sept. 11, 1988. 
: >>>    8. Rick Weiss, "New Dancer in the Hive," Science News, Oct. 28, 1989,
: >>>       p. 282. 
: >>>    9. Spiers. 
: >>>   10. Victoria Moran, "Leaving the Land of Milk and Honey," The Animals'
: >>>       Agenda, March 1988, p. 48. 
: >
: >>Very few of your references are unbiased.  The good references do not support 
: >>your goal of vilifying beekeepers as evil.
: >>    
: >>>   [IMAGE] People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals 
: >>>   P.O. Box 42516, Washington, DC 20015 
: >>>   301-770-PETA 
: >>>-- 
: >>>Donald Graft
: >>>Read the Animal Rights FAQ!  available from...dgraft@gate.net
: >>>Animal Rights Resource Site (ARRS) http://www.umanitoba.ca/arrs/index.html
: >
: >>Thanks for the easy flamebait, Don.  You PETA people mean well at heart, 
: >>except that you are imprecise, distort the truth, and lie in order to promote 
: >>your bizarre values.  It is completely ridiculous that no animals should ever 
: >>be killed as a result of human actions. 
: >
: >>Dave

: Mr Stamper (or Dave) I am not a PETA person but I am an animal
: rights supporter and vegan. I fully intend to keep bees when I am
: able to do so. I consider myself an educated person (I have a
: background in biology with expertise in entomology and social
: insect communication) I do not consider myself an animal rights
: *Nazi* because I choose not to eat meat or milk products or
: because I feel an impotent anger when I see calves being exported
: live to Europe to die in continental slaughterhouses because we in
: Britain need to drink the milk produced by the cow for them. If
: you read your history books you will see that it was the *Nazis*
: who loaded innocents into cattle trucks and sent them to their
: deaths far away *not* the people who tried to stop them. I wish I
: was brave enough to stand in front of these cattle trucks like the
: ordinary people of the British ports are doing (and being crushed
: to death in the process). I subscribed to this newsgroup to learn
: practical skills to care for bees not to observe extremist bickering
: of any type. Thats my twopennorth for what it's worth

: Roger
: >>-------------------------------------------------------------
: >>The following is not my opinion.  It is Thrill's.  
: >>It is funny only because we know she means it.
: >
: >>Don't act like being an omnivore is natural. You are an omnivore by 
: >>choice. It is your choice because you don't care about animals and you 
: >>are a murderer. You are a murderer because you are inherintly evil.
: >>You are evil because you sent to earth by satan. The moral of the story?  
: >>Thrill is an angel sent from heaven to destroy all evil. Rejoice!
: >>-------------------------------------------------------------
: >
: >

: --
: Roger Barton                          rbarton@kiwifruit.win-uk.net
: 22A St Johns Rd, South Tottenham
: LONDON. N15 6QP. UK.  Tel 0181 809 4124    (+44 181 809 4124)
: "It is better to light a candle than to curse the darkness". Adlai Stevenson.

: Adlai Stevenson

-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                        VE6CFK 
Rural Route One   Swalwell   Alberta   Canada  T0M 1Y0 
Email:   dicka@cuug.ab.ca    or   allend@internode.net
Virtual Art Gallery: http://www.cuug.ab.ca:8001/~dicka 


From pamschel@interserv.com Fri Feb 24 21:55:40 EST 1995
Article: 1374 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!psuvax1!news.pop.psu.edu!news.cac.psu.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!news.interserv.net!usenet
From: pamschel@interserv.com
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Where are the bees?
Date: 24 Feb 1995 06:14:48 GMT
Organization: NovX InterServ News Service
Lines: 7
Message-ID: <3ijtgo$55l@data.interserv.net>
References: <950222074012924@beenet.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: stk5_p7.sprint.dialup.net
X-Newsreader: AIR News 3.X (SPRY, Inc.)

>   andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur) writes:
I live in California too, in Hemet, and I have been wondering the same thing! I have an acacia tree 
in full  bloom and I was studying it yesterday and did not even see one bee on it. That struck me as 
especially strange since I have a pretty active colony in my backyard. I was thinking it was just too 
early until I saw your message wondering the same thing, and you have much more experience with 
bees than I do. Please post your observations on this matter later on towards the honeyflow.



From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Fri Feb 24 21:55:42 EST 1995
Article: 1375 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!spcuna!solaris.cc.vt.edu!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!caen!night.primate.wisc.edu!kbad.eglin.af.mil!rpi!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: queen raising in a backyard lot
Date: Tue, 21 Feb 95 10:31:28 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 24
Message-ID: <1734C9407S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <3i6o17$of5@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <3i6o17$of5@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu>
prgramly@prairienet.org (Phillip R. Gramly) writes:
 
>...
>Now to my question:...
>
>too many questions to type answers...
>
>- can anyone recomend a book on queen rearing that addresses the
>  backyard beekeeper?
>
>
>fascinated with the bees,
>
>Phillip
>
I would recommend the discussion of requeening found in Killion's "Honey
in the Comb", available from Dadant and Sons.  A very informative
discussion of rearing queens, including the "how tos" and timing
schedules to produce as many queens as you may need, when you need them.
Book runs around $10 U.S. (about the price of a single queen) and is
well worth the investment.
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From frederick.mckenzie-1@kmail.ksc.nasa.gov Fri Feb 24 21:55:45 EST 1995
Article: 1376 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.kei.com!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!ames!niven.ksc.nasa.gov!algol.ksc.nasa.gov!k4dii.ksc.nasa.gov!user
From: frederick.mckenzie-1@kmail.ksc.nasa.gov (Fred McKenzie)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Tobacco vs Wood Smoke?
Date: Fri, 24 Feb 1995 12:52:59 -0500
Organization: NASA, Kennedy Space Center, Florida
Lines: 15
Message-ID: <frederick.mckenzie-1-2402951252590001@k4dii.ksc.nasa.gov>
References: <3ii5ca$de5@ccshst05.cs.uoguelph.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: k4dii.ksc.nasa.gov

In article <3ii5ca$de5@ccshst05.cs.uoguelph.ca>, scolenut@uoguelph.ca
(Sandra C Colenutt) wrote:
> I am a University of Guelph student, and am considering doing a project 
> this summer on the effects of Tobacco vs. Wood smoke on bee loss while 
> moving hives.  Does anyone out there have any practical experience with 
> using Tobacco smoke with bees, or any ideas of where I can find some 
> information?

Sandra-

I have no knowledge of beekeeping, but wondered about your choice of
Tobacco.  It is my understanding that nicotine is an effective
insecticide.

Fred


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Tue Feb 28 11:38:27 EST 1995
Article: 1377 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.duke.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: send faq's
Date: Fri, 24 Feb 1995 00:54:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950224074730933@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 72        

        _________________________________
       (/////////////////////////////////)    NEED TO KNOW HOW TO GET
       (/////////////////////////////////)    BEES OUT OF YOUR HONEY?
      /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
      |             \ _ /  Help!!         |   Get the faq's from the
      |             /O O \   _            |
      |             \~Y~ / // \           |   Wild Bee's BBS via E-MAIL!
      |              /--\//   ))          |
      |         ()==/()== \__./           |     \ _ /
      |   ___   ()=(  ()= )       ___     |     /O O \   _
      |  /   \___   \____/ \->___/   \___ |     \~~~ / // \
      |  \___/   \   ||||    /   \___/XXX\|      /--\//   ))         z        z
      |  /   \__ /--(/  \)-cd ___/   \XXX/| ()==/()== \__./  B z z z   z    z
      |  \___/   \___/---\___/   \___/   \| ()=(  ()= )                  z z
      |__/   \___/   \   /   \___/   \___/|     \____/--->
      |  \___/   \___/XXX\___/   \___/   \|      ||||
      |__/   \___/XXX\XXX/   \___/   \___/|     (/  \) cd_
      |  \___/   \XXX/   \___/   \___/    |
      [___________________________________]


This is your GETINFO file from Wild Bee's bbs.
send email to  'getinfo@beenet.com' for this file.
         ___     ___     ___     ___     ___     ___     ___     ___
     ___/   \___/   \___/   \___/   \___/   \___/   \___/   \___/   \___
    /   \___/   \___/   \___/   \___/XXX\___/   \___/   \___/   \___/XXX\
    \___/   \___/   \___/   \___/   \XXX/:::\___/:::\___/:::\___/:::\XXX/
    /XXX\  For INDEX of Beekeeping FAQs`::::::::::::::::::::::::::::/   \
    \XXX/  e-mail to: hint.ind@beenet.com   `:::::::::::::::::::::::\___/
    /   \           __         __                   `:::::::::::::::/   \
    \___/          /  \ \^+^/ /  \      Andy Nachbaur        `::::::\___/
    /   \  Dial Up \   \(O O)/   /      Wild Bee's BBS          `:::/   \
    \___/ Area (209)\   \\_//   //-->>  BEENET.COM                `:\___/
    /   \ 826-8107 --oOO--Y--OOo----------------------------       :/   \
    \___/    ___     ___     ___     ___     ___     ___     ___    \___/
    /   \___/   \___/   \___/   \___/   \___/   \___/XXX\___/   \___/   \
    \___/   \___/XXX\___/   \___/   \___/   \___/   \XXX/   \___/   \___/
        \___/   \XXX/   \___/   \___/   \___/   \___/   \___/   \___/

   The Wild Bee's BBS is a private beekeeping industry support bulletin
board and information service. It is a dial up system, and does FAQ's,
Messages and File Transfers via INTERNET E-MAIL. Files are sent as
requested as file attachments to E-Mail. The dial up bbs offers QWK mail
of interest to beekeepers and carries the BEE NET USA, BEE-LIST from the
BIT NET, and the Internet BEEKEEPING News Group (sci.agr.beekeeping).
If you would like to catch up in your reading these mail conferences
are held for one year and you can down load them to read in your favorite
Off Line Mail Reader, and/or d/l a reader the same visit.

  To get files from our collection of BEEKEEPING FILES via Internet message
attachments the first thing is to get the file list, you do that like this:

                to: getfile@beenet.com
           subject: files

When you get the file list you retrieve the file you want like so:

                to: getfile@beenet.com
           subject: filename.zip or filename.[extension]

    The Wild Bee's BBS & Information system is sponsored by the sysop
Andy Nachbaur, in Los Banos, CA., donations for the use of the system
are not solicited, but will be excepted and can be sent to:

        1522 Paradise Lane, Los Banos, California 93635

Wild Bee's is looking for a cooperate sponsor within the Beekeeping
Industry to underwrite the costs and expansion of the system. Interested
parties should contact the above, or call the bbs. Estimated needs are
$1000.00 per month for the 1st year.(FIRM)

<-30-02-95>           -30-30-


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Tue Feb 28 11:38:28 EST 1995
Article: 1378 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.duke.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!hudson.lm.com!news.pop.psu.edu!news.cac.psu.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Freeze dried honey bee venom
Date: Fri, 24 Feb 1995 04:38:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950224074731934@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 60        


¯”® --- start quotes --- ¯”®

<>Date: Thu, 23 Feb 1995 11:59:38 -0800
<>To: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
<>Subject: Re: Freeze dried honey bee venom

<>Would you be able to help me with the distribution channels for freeze
<>dried honey bee venom?  i.e. how one could go about  marketing this?

¯”® --- end of quotes --- ¯”®

    Hello Vellani,

       The BAD news, this is outside my spear of expertise. What I
do know of this is that the market may be controlled by contracts with
the botanical medicine companies that market these kind of products.

       The GOOD news is that if you find a market I would expect that
your efforts would be rewarded at a level not normally associated with
beekeeping efforts.

       I would ask around the biology departments at your local
universities, and check with the pharmaceutical departments of any
big hospitals, or medical schools. Someone should be able to put
you on to some contacts you can make inside the drug industry. For
sure you will want to do your part to produce a product they can use
and find out if there is a open market. If it's like everything else
some outfit in Timbuktu is producing it by the 55 gallon drum with
white slave labor. But you won't know until you find that market.

       About all I can do is pass your message along the internet
highway if you wish. Don't get discouraged, it could be that the
market is just waiting for someone like you, all you got to do is
find it.
                             ttul Andy-

        _________________________________
       (/////////////////////////////////)     IF VAMPIRE MITES WERE
       (/////////////////////////////////)     NOT ENOUGH, now this...
      /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
      |             \ _ /  Help!!         |    HECTER, stop your crying
      |             /O O \   _            |    I'm the one who gave at
      |             \~Y~ / // \           |    the Bee Venom Bank!!
      |              /--\//   ))          |             /
      |         ()==/()== \__./           |     \ _ /  /
      |   ___   ()=(  ()= )       ___     |     /O O \   _
      |  /   \___   \____/ \->___/   \___ |     \~~~ / // \
      |  \___/   \   ||||    /   \___/XXX\|      /--\//   ))         z        z
      |  /   \__ /--(/  \)-cd ___/   \XXX/| ()==/()== \__./  B z z z   z    z
      |  \___/   \___/---\___/   \___/   \| ()=(  ()= )                  z z
      |__/   \___/   \   /   \___/   \___/|     \____/-\__
      |  \___/   \___/XXX\___/   \___/   \|      ||||     \-->
      |__/   \___/XXX\XXX/   \___/   \___/|     (/  \) cd_    '
      |  \___/   \XXX/   \___/   \___/    |                    '
      [___________________________________]                     .



(c)Hecter the Bee and text may be reproduced with (c)[cd_] intact.


From poyler@epix.net Tue Feb 28 11:38:29 EST 1995
Article: 1379 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!grape.epix.net!lwbyppp4.epix.net!user
From: poyler@epix.net (Pete)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Moth Crystals for wax moths?
Date: Fri, 24 Feb 1995 23:18:38 -0500
Organization: WSSD
Lines: 13
Message-ID: <poyler-2402952318380001@lwbyppp4.epix.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: lwbyppp4.epix.net

Hi!

   We picked up some old hives from a relative and they were pretty well
infested with wax moths. We were wondering if, after cleaning the hives,
we could put paradichlorobenzene crystals or napthalene (moth flakes) into
the supers for a few weeks to kill any remaining moths? Can either of
these be put in with new foundations to keep them from any damage until
our bees arrive? Or maybe a bettere question would be, "Should you use
moth crystals? and if so, When, where, how and for what purposes?"

                                 thank you for any information you can give us

                                    bill sheaffer <braxton>


From david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM Tue Feb 28 11:38:30 EST 1995
Article: 1380 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!uunet!in1.uu.net!ncrgw2.ncr.com!ncrhub2!ncrcae!news
From: david macfawn <david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM>
Subject: Re: beeswax production, alt.sustainable.agriculture
Message-ID: <D4IIwz.1uq@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
Sender: news@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (news)
Reply-To: david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM (DAVEM)
Organization: AT&T Global Information Solutions
X-Newsreader: DiscussIT 2.0.1.2 for MS Windows [AT&T Software Products Division]
References: <mamfelt-2002951332060001@192.0.2.1>
Date: Fri, 24 Feb 1995 16:24:35 GMT
Lines: 32

Both the American Bee Journal (Joe Graham is the editor) and Bee Culture (Kim
Flottum editor)  have information on honey production and beeswax for the US. 
There is a contact in the USDA who gathers this data...Lois Willett in the Ag
Econ Department at Cornell in Ithica, N.Y. would know who to call in the USDA.
 So would Joe Graham and also Kim Flottum at Bee culture since the magazines
get their data from the USDA.



>==========M.A.M. Felt, 2/20/95==========
>
>Anyone know where I can get (international) figures on beeswax 
>production
>and/or producers. Import/Export statistics etc..
>
>If not on beeswax, perhaps on honey production, and then I can 
>contact the
>honey producers.
>
>I tried using WAIS but didn't find anything.
>
>In other words I am looking for sources of beeswax.
>
>Please respond per e-mail.
>
>M.Felt
>

david macfawn
AT&T Global Information Solutions
david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM
(803) 939-632-7409


From worrell@gamera.umd.edu Tue Feb 28 11:38:31 EST 1995
Article: 1381 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!eff!news.umbc.edu!haven.umd.edu!gamera.umd.edu!worrell
From: worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard Worrell)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Moth Crystals for wax moths?
Date: 25 Feb 1995 23:34:14 GMT
Organization: Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
Lines: 21
Message-ID: <3ioepn$60k@gamera.umd.edu>
References: <poyler-2402952318380001@lwbyppp4.epix.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: cbl.umd.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Pete (poyler@epix.net) wrote:
: Hi!

:    We picked up some old hives from a relative and they were pretty well
: infested with wax moths. We were wondering if, after cleaning the hives,
: we could put paradichlorobenzene crystals or napthalene (moth flakes) into
: the supers for a few weeks to kill any remaining moths? Can either of
: these be put in with new foundations to keep them from any damage until
: our bees arrive? Or maybe a bettere question would be, "Should you use
: moth crystals? and if so, When, where, how and for what purposes?"

:                                  thank you for any information you can give us


:                                     bill sheaffer <braxton>
Don't use Napthalene! It's very toxic to the bees. Whether you use PDB 
depends on your current weather. If it is still freezing, you probably 
don't need it. Otherwise, use PDB and then air out the brood chambers for 
at least 24 hours before putting bees in them.

                        Jerry


From dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu Tue Feb 28 11:38:32 EST 1995
Article: 1382 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu!slip2-5.acs.ohio-state.edu!dstamper
From: dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu (David M. Stamper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Nuc box beekeeping- seek advice
Date: Sun, 26 Feb 1995 03:30:11 GMT
Organization: The Ohio State University
Lines: 21
Message-ID: <dstamper.66.2F4FF5C1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: slip2-5.acs.ohio-state.edu
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev B final beta #1]

My dad had a real bad year last year for apples and believes it was from a 
scarcity of bees.  A full-size hive is not justified for his needs, and the 
neighbors probably wouldn't appreciate it, either.  So a 4-frame nuc would 
probably be just right.  He would also like to have the bees around throughout 
the summer to pollenate the garden crops.  This is all for a very small yard 
with 1250 sq. foot garden and 5 apple trees in suburban Cleveland.

Questions:
1.  How quickly will the nuc fill up and get ready to swarm?  Assume that we 
start the nuc in early April with feeding, in order to be ready for the apple 
blossom time in early May.

2.  What would be the best swarm prevention method since adding supers would 
not be justified?  Can we destroy brood periodically without any ill 
consequencs?  Having even a small hive of angry bees would "disappoint" the 
neighbors.

Any other answers to relevant questions I did not think of would be 
appreciated.

Dave


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Tue Feb 28 11:38:33 EST 1995
Article: 1383 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Your help needed to protect Hawai'i's honey bees
Date: Sun, 26 Feb 1995 00:40:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950225192612941@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 153       


                    ----------------------------------------
originally in conference LM-BEE-ListB on WILDBEES (WILD BEE'S BBS)
                    ----------------------------------------
Date:         Sat, 25 Feb 1995 08:58:53 -1000
From: Kevin Roddy <kroddy@UHUNIX.UHCC.HAWAII.EDU>
Subject:      Your help needed to protect Hawai'i's honey bees
To: Multiple recipients of list BEE-L <BEE-L@UACSC2.ALBANY.EDU>

25 February 1995

>From the volcanic Island of Hawai'i to list members of Bee-L and other
beekeepers around the world, Aloha:

We in Hawai'i need your support in helping us maintain mite free and
disease free honey bees.  Please read the letter below that was composed
by one of the Island of Hawai'i's best known beekeepers, Walter Patton,
summarizing our problem and what has happened thus far.   This letter
also appeared in the February 1995 Issue of American Bee Journal.  We
*sincerely* need your help--comments, questions are most welcome at my
e-mail address, and I will forward to Walter, or you may fax him
directly.  (we're working on getting Walter on the Internet)

If you would like to fax Walter, please do.  Telephone calls from the US
Mainland to Hawai'i are competitive, and it is not prohibitive, like it
was in the past.  Direct-dialed rates average from 30 cents per minute for
the day rate to 15 cents per minute for the night rate, so faxing is more
economical than sending letters for 32 cents per letter.

Quickly, I am sure many of you know the problems that Hawai'i has faced
with unwanted, introduced diseases and species in the past.  On a human
scale, Native Hawaiians were decimated by disease to which they had no
resistance.  Only one full-blooded Hawaiian has survived for 19 others
that have died.  We are fighting what has been introduced intentionally
and unintentionally with limited success.  Our bees are free of mites and
other diseases that have decimated colonies in other places. We want to
keep it that way for us as well as you.  In the letter below there is a
proposal that Hawai'i be designated as a repository for genetic bee
stock. Because of our distance from the US mainland there is little fear
of Africanization problems, and fortunately, Varroa cannot swim!

As a brief aside, we are also in constant fear of the introduction of the
infamous brown tree snake of Guam, which has *killed all bird life on
Guam* and is the source of constant power failures there, as the snakes
shimmy up power poles, and are electrocuted.  There have been sightings
of this snake at airports only on the islands of Kaua'i and O'ahu, and
they were quickly dispatched.

Anyway, please help us any way that you can.  I have included fax numbers
to three Federal politicians in Washington.  Their hearing from
beekeepers across the United States that oppose this new rule will be
vital to our keeping Hawai'i 's honey bee stores clean from disease,
insuring clean queens to you until we can all eliminate Varroa and other
bee afflictions.

I am a university librarian by profession, and have already conducted an
extensive literature search on New Zealand honey bee diseases (through
the DIALOG database system) and collected well over 50 articles that
discuss honey bee diseases in New Zealand, which I have forwarded to
Agriculture Professors at the Univesity of Hawai'i, Hilo, and to members
of the Big Island Beekeeping Association.

A warmfelt thank you to all!!!


Kevin M. Roddy
kroddy@uhunix.uhcc.hawaii.edu

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *


A PROPOSED RULE CHANGE OF THE HONEY BEE ACT OF 1922 TO ALLOW NEW ZEALAND
BEES INTO THE UNITED STATES.

This proposed rule, as published in the Federal Register (7/18/94 page
36773) is deceitful and misleading in the first paragraph summary where
the Animal and Health Inspection Service of the USDA states, "The
proposed actions appears warranted based on our determination that New
Zealand is free of diseases and parasites of honey bees."  This is a
lie.   As per "Honey Bee Pathology"  (Bailey and Ball, 1991) New Zealand
does have half moon syndrome, a mite Meiitiphis alvearius, Kashmir bee
virus, melanosis, chronic paralysis virus, and Malpighamoria mellificae.

This fraudulent statement was made to enlist the support of readers of
the proposed rule and now creates cause for concern regarding the
credibility and intentions of APHIS/USDA.  The proposed rule is not for
the benefit of US beekeepers; this is a political issue in the name of
free trade to facilitate the New Zealand beekeepers efforts to supply the
package and queen bee needs of Canada and possibly Korea.  Before the
1988 closure of Canadian borders to US bees, Canadians spent $12 million
annually purchasing over 300,000 packages of US bees per year.  A USDA
1993 legal opinion of the Honey Bee Act of 1922 prohibits the transiting
of New Zealand bees through Honolulu, O'ahu.
In a telephone conversation with Mark Winston, professor and bee
researcher at Simon Fraser University, Canada, the scientific and
biological soundness of keeping Hawai'i isolated as a protected gene bank
was agreed upon and Mark wondered if the New Zealand bees could be
transited through Los Angeles.  Next I called Gordon Waller, queen
breeder and researcher from Tucson, who is packing to move out of Arizona
and away from Africanized honey bee drones that are threatening his queen
bee program.  Mr. Waller also supported the idea of keeping Hawaii
isolated as a breeding sanctuary protected against any possible genetic
contamination of Africanized honey bees.   At Gordon Waller's suggestion,
I telephoned Dr. Eva Crane in the United Kingdom.  Dr. Crane, now
retired, has studied the spread of bee diseases and pests around the
world and said she would question and oppose any legislation to increase
the trafficking of bees around the world.  Dr. Crane then put me in touch
with Dr. Brenda Ball in England who took great issue with Dr. Shimanuki's
dismissal of Kashmir Bee Virus as having no economic significance and his
lack of concern about half moon syndrome because he was unable to
discover how the syndrome is spread through the hive.  Dr. Ball also
expressed concern about the lack of understanding about the compounding
effects of bee pests and diseases when multiple infestations occur in the
hive simultaneously.  Dr. Ball agreed that Hawai'i could play a VITAL
ROLE in the future of honey bees of the world if Hawai'i maintained a
strict isolation and is established as a "Repository" for US bees free of
mites and genetic contamination by AHB.

The proposed rule is not in the best interests of US beekeepers and
should be rescinded by the USDA.  Unbiased review and research directed
by a "peer review" group including members of the beekeeping industry
must be conducted to survey and assess the potential environmental impact
that any deviation from the intent of the Honey Bee Act of 1922 would
have on US beekeeping.

Act now, and call or write your US Senators and Congressmen (helpful
numbers are given below) and request that the Honey Bee Act of 1922 be
supported and that New Zealand bees not be allowed into the US.
Additionally, federal legislation is needed to support the efforts of
Hawai'i to act as a repository for the cleanest US honey bee gene bank as
a safeguard against the future spread of known bee diseases and pests and
the unknown effects of temperate New Zealand bee disease and pests on
honey bees in the tropical environment of Hawai'i.  Please *bee*
involved.  We might make a difference is enough of us speak out now.
this is not a done deal.  Handwritten letters are better than no
letters.  Write today.  if you need me to fax for you, I will be glad to
help.

Walter Patton
27-703 Kaieie Road
Papaikou, Hawai'i  96781
Ph/FAX:  808-964-5401

FAX FEDERAL LEGISLATORS!

US Senator Richard Lugar, likely Chairman US Senate Committee on Agriculture
FAX  202.228.0360

Congressman Pat Roberts, Chairman, Congressional Committee on Agriculture
FAX  202.225.5375


(Continued to next message)


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Tue Feb 28 11:38:34 EST 1995
Article: 1384 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Your help needed to protect Hawai'i's honey bees
Date: Sun, 26 Feb 1995 00:40:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950225192612942@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 5         


(Continued from previous message)

Congressman Tom Ewing Chairman, Risk Management and Specialty Crops
(includes honey and bees)   FAX  202.225.8071


From mary_songster_alpin@ncsu.edu Tue Feb 28 11:38:35 EST 1995
Article: 1385 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!ncsu.edu!mary_songster_alpin
From: mary_songster_alpin@ncsu.edu (Mary Songster-Alpin)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Tobacco vs Wood Smoke?
Date: Sat, 25 Feb 1995 23:26:27
Organization: College of Veterinary Medicine
Lines: 23
Message-ID: <mary_songster_alpin.45.00177187@ncsu.edu>
References: <3ii5ca$de5@ccshst05.cs.uoguelph.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: mpppc23.pylon.ncsu.edu
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

>I am a University of Guelph student, and am considering doing a project 
>this summer on the effects of Tobacco vs. Wood smoke on bee loss while 
>moving hives.  Does anyone out there have any practical experience with 
>using Tobacco smoke with bees, or any ideas of where I can find some 
>information?

>Any comments would be appreciated.  

>e-mail scolenut@uoguelph.ca

Sandra,
The niccotine in tobacco smoke is a highly toxic insecticide.  You may want to 
try comparing the effects of various types of wood instead.

Jim Alpin (on my wife's internet account)

Mary S. Songster-Alpin     Mary_Songster_Alpin@ncsu.edu 
Dept of Micro., Path., and Parasit.
North Carolina State University
College of Veterinary Medicine
4700 Hillsborough St.
Raleigh, NC  27606
I form my own opinions, not NCSU's.


From avellani@unixg.ubc.ca Tue Feb 28 11:38:36 EST 1995
Article: 1386 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!ukma!jobone!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!news.cic.net!infoserv.illinois.net!news.mci.net!darwin.sura.net!convex!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!swrinde!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!decwrl!tribune.usask.ca!rover.ucs.ualberta.ca!unixg.ubc.ca!avellani
From: avellani@unixg.ubc.ca (vellani)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: distribution channels for freeze dried honey bee venom?
Date: 23 Feb 1995 19:48:39 GMT
Organization: The University of British Columbia
Lines: 4
Message-ID: <3iioqn$hr3@nnrp.ucs.ubc.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: interchg.ubc.ca
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Could anyone help me with this.  Specifically, where would one market 
freeze dried honey bee venom?

Thanks a lot!!!


From dnewton@interserv.com Tue Feb 28 11:38:38 EST 1995
Article: 1387 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!goclenius.rutgers.edu!dziuxsolim.rutgers.edu!uunet!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!news.interserv.net!usenet
From: dnewton@interserv.com
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Where is Bee Home Page
Date: 24 Feb 1995 05:27:03 GMT
Organization: NovX InterServ News Service
Lines: 7
Message-ID: <3ijqn7$4ob@data.interserv.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: isv1004431.interserv.dialup.net
X-Newsreader: AIR News 3.X (SPRY, Inc.)

I would like to know the URL for the beekeeping home page?
e-mail me at dnewton@interserv.com.

Thanks and keep those bees humming.





From bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca Tue Feb 28 11:38:39 EST 1995
Article: 1388 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!news.mindlink.net!line16.nwm.mindlink.net!user
From: bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca (bill fernihough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Moth Crystals for wax moths?
Date: 26 Feb 1995 17:00:32 GMT
Organization: none
Lines: 31
Message-ID: <bill_fernihough-2602950903050001@line16.nwm.mindlink.net>
References: <poyler-2402952318380001@lwbyppp4.epix.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: line16.nwm.mindlink.net
X-Newsreader: Value-Added NewsWatcher 2.0b14.2+

In article <poyler-2402952318380001@lwbyppp4.epix.net>, poyler@epix.net
(Pete) wrote:

> Hi!
> 
>    We picked up some old hives from a relative and they were pretty well
> infested with wax moths. We were wondering if, after cleaning the hives,
> we could put paradichlorobenzene crystals or napthalene (moth flakes) into
> the supers for a few weeks to kill any remaining moths? Can either of
> these be put in with new foundations to keep them from any damage until
> our bees arrive? Or maybe a bettere question would be, "Should you use
> moth crystals? and if so, When, where, how and for what purposes?"
> 
>                                  thank you for any information you can give us
> 
>                                     bill sheaffer <braxton>

DO NOT USE NAPTHALENE, USE THE PARADICHLOROBENZENE ONLY.  and if at all
possible, keep the hives in a cold place.  On the other hand, why not
switch to plastic foundation, such as Pierco, available from
1-800-233-2662, or Dadant sells a competitive product,See the American Bee
Journal, current issue for plastic foundation and a good article on moths
and protection procedures.
Moths can't cause any damage to plastic foundation, and if you use the
sheets of plastic, they will likely just snap into you old cleaned up
frames.
The use of napthalene could ruin your hives as it stays in the wax, but
when using the PDB, you must air out the supers for a day before putting
them on the hives, and this gives moths a chance to get started.  If you
insist on using wax foundation, keeping the hives cood, like below 50
degree F should probably eliminate problesm.


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Tue Feb 28 11:38:40 EST 1995
Article: 1389 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: Moth Crystals for wax moths?
Message-ID: <D4M8K9.M1G@cuug.ab.ca>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
References: <poyler-2402952318380001@lwbyppp4.epix.net> <3ioepn$60k@gamera.umd.edu>
Date: Sun, 26 Feb 1995 16:26:15 GMT
Lines: 30

: :    We picked up some old hives from a relative and they were pretty well
: : infested with wax moths. We were wondering if, after cleaning the hives,
: : we could put paradichlorobenzene crystals or napthalene (moth flakes) into
: : the supers for a few weeks to kill any remaining moths? Can either of
: : these be put in with new foundations to keep them from any damage until
: : our bees arrive? Or maybe a bettere question would be, "Should you use
: : moth crystals? and if so, When, where, how and for what purposes?"

Depending how bad they are, you may be able to use them as they are.  Wax 
moth often looks much worse than it is.  Unless the combs have obvious 
large holes and you can see through them all over, the bees will often just 
fix them right up.

To destroy the moths that are in them, just exposing them continuously to
air in most localities will kill or sufficiently retard them that your
problem will go away.  There must be no protected places for the worms to
hide. 

They may look awfull, but may still be much better than foundation.  Are 
they free of AFB?  Can you tell.

AFB doesn't look half as bad as moth, but is something that will render a 
comb useless.

Allen
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                        VE6CFK 
Rural Route One   Swalwell   Alberta   Canada  T0M 1Y0 
Email:   dicka@cuug.ab.ca    or   allend@internode.net
Virtual Art Gallery: http://www.cuug.ab.ca:8001/~dicka 


From libby@igc.apc.org Wed Mar  1 09:52:23 EST 1995
Article: 1390 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!overload.lbl.gov!lll-winken.llnl.gov!enews.sgi.com!news.igc.apc.org!cdp!libby
From: Libby Goldstein <libby@igc.apc.org>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Land of Milk & Honey
Message-ID: <APC&1'0'8024deea'8df@igc.apc.org>
References: <3657535889@beenet.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Feb 1995 12:35:31 -0800 (PST)
X-Gateway: notes@igc.apc.org
Lines: 12

Hi Andy,

I can't believe it's been a whole year. Did you ever get the copy
of Green Scene I sent you?

Re BGH: if a farmer wants to put it in his cows, that's clearly up
to the farmer. I don't have to drink milk from that farm tho, and
I prob'ly wont.

Happy Spring,

Libby


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Wed Mar  1 09:52:25 EST 1995
Article: 1391 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!insosf1.infonet.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: rec.food.cooking,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Is Honey always Honey?
Date: 27 Feb 1995 03:18:39 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 38
Message-ID: <3irgaf$fto@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <3if41u$3ai@eldborg.rhi.hi.is> <3ikvgs$997@polo.iquest.com> <3im87i$aj7@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <3ird47$ngm@polo.iquest.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu rec.food.cooking:122780 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1391

In article <3ird47$ngm@polo.iquest.com>,
Elizabeth P. Crowe <lcrowe@iquest.com> wrote:
>adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein) wrote:
>>
>> In article <3ikvgs$997@polo.iquest.com>,
>> Elizabeth P. Crowe <lcrowe@iquest.com> wrote:
>> >
>> >Indeed, the very SAFETY of the honey is affected. Honey made from 
>> >rhododendron, azalea, and other members of that family is poisonous.
>> >This is why you have to be careful about buying roadside honey.
>> 
>> I hate to pop your bubble, but nobody would ever get enough honey from these
>> plants to sell. The main nectar source plants flower at exactly the same
>> time as these plants you are describing. Basically you heard or read
>> somewhere that this was a problem and you are disseminating this incorrect
>> information.  Check first.
>> Adam


> Go to http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~mow/chap44.html and read.
 

 I did, thanks for the great URL. From what I read, employing the
perspective of a layperson, I would agree that buying honey might be
be hazardous. From a position in the apicultural world however, I
still stand by what I said. If this *were* a problem, states and universities
would be dealing with/studying this, and they aren't.
 Don't you think there would be warnings about this "danger" from States'
Dept.of Agricultures to the Honey consumer, along with guidelines and
testing for the beekeeper/honey producer?
 However, I've crossposted this to sci.agriculture.beekeeping.  Both 
commercial and hobby beekeepers contribute there. Let's see what they say.  

Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From bsheaff@epix.net Wed Mar  1 09:52:27 EST 1995
Article: 1392 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!grape.epix.net!lwbyppp9.epix.net!user
From: bsheaff@epix.net (Bill Sheaffer)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Moth Crystals for wax moths?
Date: Sun, 26 Feb 1995 22:55:15 -0500
Organization: Home
Lines: 40
Message-ID: <bsheaff-2602952255150001@lwbyppp9.epix.net>
References: <poyler-2402952318380001@lwbyppp4.epix.net> <3ioepn$60k@gamera.umd.edu> <D4M8K9.M1G@cuug.ab.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: lwbyppp9.epix.net

 We picked up some old hives from a relative and they were pretty well
infested with wax moths....
 
   Thanks for all of the information on the killing of wax moths. They
were bad. There were no foundations left, except for one plastic
foundation. We cleaned all of the frames and scrubbed them with soap and
water. We then used a torch and heated the inside of the hives until the
wax began to melt. Our next move is probably to put in some
paradichlorobenzene until our bees arrive. 

   But with one dragon slain, so quickly others arrive in its place.


            What is AFB????????

            And other than wax moths and durability, of what value is
plastic foundation? I would think that the comb does not bond quite as
well as it would to a natural comb.

    I apologize for being a newbie-I'm trying to stop as fast as I can.


                                       Thanks, 

                                       Bill Sheaffer

-- 
_________________________________________________________
|                                                       |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |             Bill Sheaffer <Braxton>                   |                      |                                                       | 


|   "Wasting time creatively is my life's ambition"     |
|                                                       |
|                Temple U.                              |
|             Millersburg H.S.                          |
|          Millersburg Ferryboat                        |
|       Harrisburg Astronomical Soc.                    |
|         ________________________                      |
|         |                      |                      |
|         |   []  []   []  []    |   \ /                |
|         |                      |----+---              |
|---------|______________________|---/ \----------------|


From nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk Wed Mar  1 09:52:29 EST 1995
Article: 1393 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!uknet!strath-cs!st-and!nrp
From: nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey, Frozen Chicken & Beef
Date: 27 Feb 1995 11:56:05 GMT
Organization: University Of St. Andrews
Lines: 16
Message-ID: <3isekl$dl1@calvin.st-and.ac.uk>
References: <950218074024902@beenet.com> <3i6fs6$2dv@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: honey.st-andrews.ac.uk

In article <3i6fs6$2dv@solaris.cc.vt.edu>,
Adam Finkelstein <adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu> wrote:
...
>Andy: please tell us what this means.

There are two puzzles about this message.

The first is what MT stands for.  I think it means metric tonne.
1 metric tonne = 1000 kilograms.  The prices are reasonable.

The second is why the poster thinks we want to know the prices per
metric tonne of Chinese honey, US chicken, or Mongolian beef.

What we really want to know is the price per cubic mile!  :-)

-Norman


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Mar  1 09:52:31 EST 1995
Article: 1394 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Land of Milk & Honey
Date: Mon, 27 Feb 1995 06:56:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950227074023949@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 70        


|-----------------|Libby Goldstein <libby@igc.Apc.Org>refer#: None
 wrote:
>Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
>Subject: Re: Land of Milk & Honey
>Date: Sun, 26 Feb 1995 12:35:31 -0800 (PST)
>
>I can't believe it's been a whole year. Did you ever get the copy
>of Green Scene I sent you?
>
>Re BGH: if a farmer wants to put it in his cows, that's clearly up
>to the farmer. I don't have to drink milk from that farm tho, and
>I prob'ly wont.

 |----end quotes---------------------------------|

   Hello Libby,

     Must be near spring and you are coming out from hibernation.<G>

  Yes, thanks, I did get the issue of Green Scene, VERY WELL DONE,
now I know what happened to all the good farm magazines, they moved to
the city along with the farm kids.

     I don't think you will see much BGH as feed is to high, and for
it to work you got to pore the feed to the cows. Would be nice if
someone had a yard full of over fat cows. Anyway things in the diary
industry are not that good and we will be seeing some real reductions
in the future if the economics don't change. The day may come when
more of our milk will come from off shore, like so much of our honey
does. People really don't care as long as its cheep and they can get it
when they want it. Heck, the milk you buy at the store today is still
better then what I juiced out of my cow when I was a kid.

     But nobody milks beef cows anyway. My old cow, Daisy, was a cross
breed, more Hereford then anything else, she was special and produced
many twin calves, always named Pete and Repeat. Repeat was a girl cow,
but I never got attached to these pets as we always ate them in time.
Daisy the real pet, some who did not know her said pest, anyway, she
allowed us kids to ride her like a horse. And if you could catch her
lying down she made a wonderful warm place to rest on and watch the
clouds blowing by during a early warm spring afternoon, full of sea
birds many miles inland from the angry seas or just hawks and buzzards
riding the thermals to new heights.

Open range was being replaced by homes and fences, but Daisy knew no
fence that kept her from better grass on the far side. She could clear a
normal fence and would just as soon jump one as go through it. Never
once had to take her to a bull, when it was time she just left and a day
or so later some neighbor would bring her home, saying he did not know
how she got in his bull pasture but she did. As the city folk moved to
the country in her last year at home she took a wrong turn and pastured
the grass and flowers from the back yards of many new city folk
neighbors in one of those new fan dangled golf course subdivisions, once
the neighbors pun'kin patch and flower seed gardens. About the 2nd
or 3rd time my dad decided it was time to return her to the freedom of
the heard many miles back in the hills and my days as a dairy maid were
over for good. You know that little callas on the top of my thumb, the
sign of a good Swiss milker, that I was so proud of is also gone or
reduced to just another age spot.

Heck even then we knew we could buy milk and beef cheeper then we could
raise it, but it was good training for kids, kind'a like Army, up at
dawn, down at dark and your reward is a good nights sleep. Darn thats
sounds like the bee business to me.

     Well, welcome back, what was it a boy or girl?, anyway looking
forward to some of your good posts from the inter city wild lands.

                            ttul Andy-


From pollinator@aol.com Wed Mar  1 09:52:32 EST 1995
Article: 1395 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news.mathworks.com!uunet!in1.uu.net!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Moth Crystals for wax moths?
Date: 27 Feb 1995 09:56:27 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 83
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <3isp6r$8a3@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
References: <bsheaff-2602952255150001@lwbyppp9.epix.net>
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com

>From bsheaff@epix.net (Bill Sheaffer):
> We picked up some old hives from a relative and they were pretty well
infested with wax moths....
 
>   Thanks for all of the information on the killing of wax moths. They
were bad. There were no foundations left, except for one plastic
foundation. We cleaned all of the frames and scrubbed them with soap and
water. We then used a torch and heated the inside of the hives until the
wax began to melt. Our next move is probably to put in some
paradichlorobenzene until our bees arrive. 

>   But with one dragon slain, so quickly others arrive in its place.


>            What is AFB????????

>            And other than wax moths and durability, of what value is
plastic foundation? I would think that the comb does not bond quite as
well as it would to a natural comb.

>    I apologize for being a newbie-I'm trying to stop as fast as I can.

The (lots of) good news and (a little) bad news for you.

   The good news is that you don't have to worry about wax worms in the
winter, unless you store your equipment in a warm spot and there have been
some surviving eggs.  Eggs just simply won't hatch without warmth.  At any
rate, it sounds like they have already eaten all consumable material, so
if they did hatch, they'd probably starve.
Even here in South Carolina we have little wax worm activity in winter.   

   (The exception is when they get started on a fall dieout and get a lot
in insulation from their own webbing.  They will then continue munching
slowly in an insulated group that creates its own heat, and it takes a
real cold spell to kill them.)

   Therefore you don't really need any chemical for wax worms at this
time.

    More good news:  Even if the hives did die of American foulbrood
(AFB), the wax worms have removed most of the contamination.  The majority
of the spores (zillions of them) are in the dead larvae (scale) that
remains in the bottoms of the cells.  This is preferred food for wax worms
so they tend to have a cleansing effect.  I think this is why foulbrood is
quite rare in wild bees in the south.  The wax worms clean it up so
quickly that it has only a short chance to reinfect other bees.

    One caveat:  AFB spores are everywhere, and it is still possible that
some have survived in your used equipment as well.  Be sure that you use
terramycin as recommended in the hives when you restock them.  Then check
them carefully in 4-6 weeks to see if there is any breakdown.  If you
don't know how, get your bee inspector to show you.  You probably won't
have any trouble, but if you should, nip it in the bud, quickly, before it
spreads.

   The plastic foundation others refer to is probably already formed with
the shape of the honeycomb.  I have some of this that is four years old,
and the bees have yet to use it.  You have to have a whale of a flow for
the bees to start into it.  They just don't like plastic.

   What you describe sounds like the thin smooth plastic that is at the
base of Duragilt or Duracomb foundation.  The pattern of the cells is not
embossed in the plastic, but is in the wax (which the wax worms ate).

   If that is it, simply take it out, and replace it with a new sheet. 
The bees will never rebuild on bare plastic, no matter how much you
encourage them.  They will build little bridges and make a new comb
alongside the plastic.

   I use some wired foundation, as it is no doubt the best possible frame
of brood comb there is, but mostly use Duragilt, as it just takes too much
time to wire frames.  If it becomes damaged, it is easy to pop out the
old, clean up the grooves, and pop in a new sheet.

   Since you're a newbie, I'd encourage you to work into more conventional
materials (ie regular wired or Duragilt foundation), then, experiment with
the preformed plastic ones after you have learned the ropes.  They haven't
worked for me yet, but the theoretical benefits keep encouraging me to
experiment.

Pollinator@aol.com       Dave Green
Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC  29554


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Wed Mar  1 09:52:33 EST 1995
Article: 1396 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!zombie.ncsc.mil!admaix.sunydutchess.edu!ub!newserve!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: URL for Beekeepers' Home Page
Date: Mon, 27 Feb 95 11:10:25 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 1
Message-ID: <173529D21S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu
Keywords: URL Beekeepers' Home Page

   http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html


From bsheaff@epix.net Fri Mar  3 21:42:12 EST 1995
Article: 1397 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!grape.epix.net!lwbyppp2.epix.net!user
From: bsheaff@epix.net (Bill Sheaffer)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Should I Start?
Date: Mon, 27 Feb 1995 16:44:26 -0500
Organization: Home
Lines: 29
Message-ID: <bsheaff-2702951644260001@lwbyppp2.epix.net>
References: <D4o9FL.4EI@nntpa.cb.att.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: lwbyppp2.epix.net

In article <D4o9FL.4EI@nntpa.cb.att.com>, hjm@ohxs02.att.com wrote:

if this hobby is more high maintenance than I'm
> ready to accept...

   I know with roses, we figure about 1 hour per plant per year. Is there
a similar estimate for bees/hives? I am debating starting with 1 hive or
maybe 2 or three. If I could get an idea as to how much time is involved a
hive, I could  figure out how many start. That may sound like a strange
'newbie' question but my partner and I have access to probably 6 or 7
hives. 


Bill

-- 
_________________________________________________________
|                                                       |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |             Bill Sheaffer <Braxton>                   |                      |                                                       | 


|   "Wasting time creatively is my life's ambition"     |
|                                                       |
|                Temple U.                              |
|             Millersburg H.S.                          |
|          Millersburg Ferryboat                        |
|       Harrisburg Astronomical Soc.                    |
|         ________________________                      |
|         |                      |                      |
|         |   []  []   []  []    |   \ /                |
|         |                      |----+---              |
|---------|______________________|---/ \----------------|


From mah48d@rohmhaas.com Fri Mar  3 21:42:14 EST 1995
Article: 1398 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!newsserver.jvnc.net!rohvm1!mah48d
Nntp-Posting-Host: 136.141.220.39
Date: Tue, 28 Feb 1995 12:39:52 -0500
From: mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: world
Subject: Re: PETA and bees. A response from an English "animal rights nazi"
Message-ID: <mah48d-280295124117@136.141.220.39>
References: <dstamper.52.2F46D778@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <dstamper.53.2F46D8C1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <115@kiwifruit.win-u
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 13

In article <3ia7q0$hhr@solaris.cc.vt.edu>, adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam
Finkelstein) wrote:


> Maybe as beekeepers, we shouldn't overreact to the Peta stuff?
> Who really cares what they think right?
> Adam

Unfortunately the PETA folks care about what _you_ think, and they're one
of these groups that'll kill you if you don't agree with them.

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)      |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
e-mail: mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From worrell@gamera.umd.edu Fri Mar  3 21:42:15 EST 1995
Article: 1399 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!purdue!haven.umd.edu!gamera.umd.edu!worrell
From: worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard Worrell)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Nuc box beekeeping- seek advice
Date: 28 Feb 1995 21:20:24 GMT
Organization: Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
Lines: 26
Message-ID: <3j042p$4i6@gamera.umd.edu>
References: <dstamper.66.2F4FF5C1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: cbl.umd.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

David M. Stamper (dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu) wrote:
: My dad had a real bad year last year for apples and believes it was from a 
: scarcity of bees.  A full-size hive is not justified for his needs, and the 
: neighbors probably wouldn't appreciate it, either.  So a 4-frame nuc would 
: probably be just right.  He would also like to have the bees around through
: out  the summer to pollenate ...
: Any other answers to relevant questions I did not think of would be 
: appreciated.

: Dave

I would be concerned that a nuc was large enough to survive the winter in 
Ohio. In order to provide sufficient stores and room for brood rearing in 
MD requires at least 1-1/2 to 2 full size brood chambers. <the half comes 
from using either a shallow or illinois super for stores>. Brood rearing 
must occur in early spring in order to provide replacement for the old 
bees that make it thru the winter. 
   Usually the best solution to suburban back yards is to provide a 
screen forcing the bees up at the property line so they are not at people 
level; providing a source of water so the bees don't use the neighbors 
pool and an occasional jar of honey to next door neighbors. Also you need 
to point out to neighbors the benefits of pollination not just of 
vegetables but also flowers of all kinds!

                          Jerry



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Mar  3 21:42:16 EST 1995
Article: 1400 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey, Frozen Chicken & Beef
Date: Mon, 27 Feb 1995 15:24:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950227170154954@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 25        


 |-----------------|Nrp@st-Andrews.Ac.Uk (norman R. Paterson)refer#: None
 wrote:
>Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
>Subject: Re: Honey, Frozen Chicken & Beef
>Date: 27 Feb 1995 11:56:05 GMT
>
>There are two puzzles about this message.
>
>The first is what MT stands for.  I think it means metric tonne.
>1 metric tonne = 1000 kilograms.  The prices are reasonable.
>
>The second is why the poster thinks we want to know the prices per
>metric tonne of Chinese honey, US chicken, or Mongolian beef.
 |----end quotes---------------------------------|

   Hello Norman,

     I sometimes forget that this is an international news group
and others may not be interested in what a few US beekeepers may
be interested in. Sorry about that.

     What are you interested in or whats going on in the UK with
the bees?
                        ttul Andy-


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Mar  3 21:42:17 EST 1995
Article: 1401 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: NEW! Ag&Environment Mailing List: agenvir-l
Date: Mon, 27 Feb 1995 15:45:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950227170154955@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 48        


agenvir-l : A new mailing list for the discussion of
environmental issues in the agricultural Sciences
-----------------------------------------------------

Hi!  First, I hope that you'll forgive my cross-posting;  I wanted
this to reach as wide an audience as possible.  Please distribute
this message freely.

I have just established a new mailing list called agenvir-l.
The purpose of this list is to discuss environmental issues in the
agricultural sciences.  This could include debate/discussion
about:

- Alternative cropping systems
- Organic farming
- Animal Agriculture
- Vegetarianism
- Sustainability Issues
- Anything else that you decide is appropriate

This mailing list can be whatever you would like to make of it;  I will not
moderate the list unless there is an overwhelming desire for that.
Moreover, this list is open to anyone who is interested.

I'm hoping to attract a wide variety of people; the real strength of the
list will lie in having people with various backgrounds come together
for these discussions.  Both idealists and pragmatists are welcome,
as are people of varying experience levels; I truly feel that everybody
has something to contribute.

Sound interesting? To subscribe, send mail to majordomo@pentagon.io.com with
the message 'subscribe agenvir-l' (excluding the quotes) as the body of your
message.  I also have a WWW front end for subscribing which can be accessed
with your favorite forms-capable browser at:
http://www.io.com/user/btorres/subscribe.html

If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to contact me
at btorres@io.com.

Thanks!

Bob Torres
,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,
Bob Torres           | NewtNews & agenvir-l mailing list admin.
btorres@netcom.com   | To subscribe/get info, contact me or:
rxt109@email.psu.edu | http://www.io.com/~btorres/subscribe.html
,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Mar  3 21:42:18 EST 1995
Article: 1402 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: PETA and bees. A response from an English "animal rights nazi"
Date: 28 Feb 1995 22:22:07 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 16
Message-ID: <3j07mf$33c@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <dstamper.52.2F46D778@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <115@kiwifruit.win-u <mah48d-280295124117@136.141.220.39> <3j03dh$904@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <3j03dh$904@nntp1.u.washington.edu>,
Jordan Schwartz <jlks@u.washington.edu> wrote:

>I would be very surprised if you could come up with even a single example 
>of PETA killing somebody for not agreeing with them.  Let's make that 
>killing anyone at all.
>
 No. This is true. But they might have you read their guidelines over and
over till you got really annoyed though. :)

Adam

-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From 76012.1452@CompuServe.COM Fri Mar  3 21:42:19 EST 1995
Article: 1403 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news.mathworks.com!uunet!news.inhouse.compuserve.com!news.production.compuserve.com!news
From: TOM LEWIS <76012.1452@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: ARCTIC BEEKEEPING
Date: 28 Feb 1995 02:10:21 GMT
Organization: via CompuServe Information Service
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <3iu0md$1ch$1@mhade.production.compuserve.com>


QUIT

charles tuckey - 
Those are great questions, Im afraid I dont have many answers.
I was in the Yukon Territory for several summers, and my story
about feeding bees and brood to cattle above the arctic circle
was second hand at the time.  I would guess the bees came
from european settlers rather than the intuit.  I have however seen th
the bees work all 24 hrs! since their polarized navigation never shuts down
neither do the bees.
As for nectar sources, I think there is an abundance of bloom for the short
season.  [Cpollination did not factor into the discussions I had.

Hope this helps, maybe we can get someone with more first hand experience.

tom lewis


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Fri Mar  3 21:42:21 EST 1995
Article: 1404 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk (Gordon Scott)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!peernews.demon.co.uk!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
Subject: Re: Should I Start?
References: <D4o9FL.4EI@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Reply-To: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk
X-Newsreader: Demon Internet Simple News v1.29
Lines: 23
X-Posting-Host: apis.demon.co.uk
Date: Tue, 28 Feb 1995 22:17:58 +0000
Message-ID: <794009878snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

In article <D4o9FL.4EI@nntpa.cb.att.com>
           hjm@ohxs02.att.com "George Stoneberg" writes:

> difference in the amount of free time I have for hobbies.  I was hoping that
> the bees would do their thing without my interference or help.  That may not
> be the case.  How much work would I be taking on?

It all depends.. doesn't it always.

I reckon that as an enthusiastic beginner you need to allow _at_least_ a
half  hour  per colony per week.  There's nowhere near that much work --
bees are just so fascinating.

The 'pros' get it down to about three minutes but look at  what  they're
missing!

Enjoy, regards,
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu Fri Mar  3 21:42:22 EST 1995
Article: 1405 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu!slip6-15.acs.ohio-state.edu!dstamper
From: dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu (David M. Stamper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Nuc box beekeeping- (still) seek advice
Date: Wed, 1 Mar 1995 00:02:59 GMT
Organization: The Ohio State University
Lines: 39
Message-ID: <dstamper.68.2F53B9B1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>
References: <dstamper.66.2F4FF5C1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <3j042p$4i6@gamera.umd.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: slip6-15.acs.ohio-state.edu
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev B final beta #1]

 worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard Worrell) writes:

>David M. Stamper (dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu) wrote:
>: My dad had a real bad year last year for apples and believes it was from a 
>: scarcity of bees.  A full-size hive is not justified for his needs, and the 
>: neighbors probably wouldn't appreciate it, either.  So a 4-frame nuc would 
>: probably be just right.  He would also like to have the bees around through
>: out  the summer to pollenate ...
>: Any other answers to relevant questions I did not think of would be 
>: appreciated.

>: Dave

>I would be concerned that a nuc was large enough to survive the winter in 
>Ohio. In order to provide sufficient stores and room for brood rearing in 
>MD requires at least 1-1/2 to 2 full size brood chambers. <the half comes 
>from using either a shallow or illinois super for stores>. Brood rearing 
>must occur in early spring in order to provide replacement for the old 
>bees that make it thru the winter. 
>   Usually the best solution to suburban back yards is to provide a 
>screen forcing the bees up at the property line so they are not at people 
>level; providing a source of water so the bees don't use the neighbors 
>pool and an occasional jar of honey to next door neighbors. Also you need 
>to point out to neighbors the benefits of pollination not just of 
>vegetables but also flowers of all kinds!

>                          Jerry
Hi Jerry.  
As much as I appreciate your advice concerning full-size hives, it does not 
help, as the only option here is a nuc colony.  It does not matter whether the 
bees survive the winter, and the flight path of the bees is not at issue 
either.  This colony is only going to be necessary for pollination of a few 
trees.  A large (normal) sized colony is not an option.

I need to know how to anticipate swarming and prevent it in a 
nuc-sized colony.

Thanks,
Dave


From meaderyman@delphi.com Fri Mar  3 21:42:23 EST 1995
Article: 1406 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!news.mathworks.com!news2.near.net!news.delphi.com!usenet
From: Robert Allen Stevens <meaderyman@delphi.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: distribution channels for freeze dried honey bee venom?
Date: Mon, 27 Feb 95 20:15:51 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
Lines: 15
Message-ID: <Ju5a9aX.meaderyman@delphi.com>
References: <3iioqn$hr3@nnrp.ucs.ubc.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1a.delphi.com
X-To: vellani <avellani@unixg.ubc.ca>

vellani <avellani@unixg.ubc.ca> writes:
 
>Could anyone help me with this.  Specifically, where would one market 
>freeze dried honey bee venom?
>
>Thanks a lot!!!
 
I believe the only market in the U.S. would be the pharmaceutical companies
that provide venom to the allergists who use it to desensitize people highly
allergic to bee venom. I don't know if they would want to buyy any from Russia,
china, or Eastern Europ
e, all areas where it is used on a much broader medicinal basis and where most
of it is oriinating. I would certainly not want to be injected with
bee venom from an area where hygiene is not of great concern. If there were a
good market for it here, american beekeepers will fill the market.


From hjm@ohxs02.att.com Fri Mar  3 21:42:26 EST 1995
Article: 1407 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!fnnews.fnal.gov!gw1.att.com!nntpa!news
From: hjm@ohxs02.att.com (George Stoneberg)
Subject: Should I Start?
Message-ID: <D4o9FL.4EI@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Sender: news@nntpa.cb.att.com (Netnews Administration)
Nntp-Posting-Host: ohxs02.oh.att.com
Reply-To: hjm@ohxs02.att.com
Organization: AT&T Bell Laboratories
Date: Mon, 27 Feb 1995 18:45:20 GMT
Lines: 18

I've been reading this newsgroup for a few weeks as I have always thought
it would be fun to have a bee-hive.  Honey-comb on toast is one of lifes
great pleasures.  Until recently, bees were not an option as I lived in the
suburbs on a half acre lot.  However, a job transfer has landed me on an
acreage (21 acres) with a pond and an orchard of about a dozen fruit trees
in the country (Eastern Nebraska).  However, all the recent talk of AFB and
wax moths has made me wonder if this hobby is more high maintenance than I'm
ready to accept.  The upkeep on the new place is already making a huge 
difference in the amount of free time I have for hobbies.  I was hoping that
the bees would do their thing without my interference or help.  That may not
be the case.  How much work would I be taking on?  I'd rather not start than
get into it and not be able to handle it.  I'm sorry if there's a FAQ that 
handles questions like this, I must have missed it.

George Stoneberg
gks@ohgua.att.com




From owen@rsnz.govt.nz Fri Mar  3 21:42:27 EST 1995
Article: 1408 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!hudson.lm.com!newsfeed.pitt.edu!uunet!in1.uu.net!comp.vuw.ac.nz!watsonathome.rsnz.govt.nz!user
From: owen@rsnz.govt.nz (Owen Watson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Tobacco vs Wood Smoke?
Date: Tue, 28 Feb 1995 20:47:31 +1200
Organization: Royal Society of New Zealand
Lines: 13
Message-ID: <owen-2802952047310001@watsonathome.rsnz.govt.nz>
References: <3ii5ca$de5@ccshst05.cs.uoguelph.ca> <mary_songster_alpin.45.00177187@ncsu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: watsonathome.rsnz.govt.nz

In article <mary_songster_alpin.45.00177187@ncsu.edu>,
mary_songster_alpin@ncsu.edu (Mary Songster-Alpin) wrote:

> The niccotine in tobacco smoke is a highly toxic insecticide.  You may
want to 

I (and, I think, a lot of Dutch beekeepers) use tobacco instead of wood or
paper smoke. It does not kill bees, to the best of my knowledge. (You can
buy tobacco sweepings from Dutch bee supply places). Tobacco is easier to
get lit and the smokers are certainly smaller.
_______________________________________________
Owen Watson, The Royal Society of New Zealand
Web server: http://www.rsnz.govt.nz/


From alex@longton.demon.co.uk Fri Mar  3 21:42:28 EST 1995
Article: 1409 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: alex@longton.demon.co.uk ("T. Alex. Shaw.")
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Subject: Re: Should I Start?
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I don't think there is an answer to the question of where to keep bees and 
how long does it take.

I had a friend who kept bees in a large town.   There were lots of keen 
gardeners in the area who planted for something to be in flower thoughout 
the year and whilst those beekeepers in the countryside were dependant upon 
the weather being fine at the time of the greatest honey flow his bees 
worked throughout the season - he always did better than other local 
beekeepers.

One year he was quite ill and spent spring and summer in hospital.   Guess 
what?   That year he did even better.

You have got to check the health of your hives at least 2 or 3 times a year 
for the sake of other beekeepers in the area but other than that its up to 
you how much time you spend at your hives.


-- 


							AleX.



From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Fri Mar  3 21:42:30 EST 1995
Article: 1410 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Tobacco vs Wood Smoke?
Date: 28 Feb 1995 09:14:43 GMT
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Sandra C Colenutt (scolenut@uoguelph.ca) wrote:
: I am a University of Guelph student, and am considering doing a project 
: this summer on the effects of Tobacco vs. Wood smoke on bee loss while 
: moving hives.  Does anyone out there have any practical experience with 
: using Tobacco smoke with bees, or any ideas of where I can find some 
: information?

: Any comments would be appreciated.  

Just out of curiousity, what/why do you expect to get a difference 
in losses by using different smoke while moving hives?  If you move them 
at night (or at least seal them up then, when the foragers have all 
returned) you won't even be using smoke - except to drive them in before 
sealing...

Anyway, I have read that tobacco can be used as a smoker fuel, though I
wasn't able to find a reference for you now.  The Hive and the Honey Bee
does list nicotine as an insecticide that can be used around bees with a
minimum of injury.  It lists the LD50 as being above 11.0 micrograms per
bee.  By way of comparison, malathion is listed at .726, and bifenthrin
(registered under the tradenames Brigade, Capture) is listed at .016. 
THese figures are for exposures resulting from application outside of the
hive (e.g., exposures resulting from visits to treated alfalfa).  The data
for toxics exposures within hives does not include nicotine. 

Incidentally, does anyone know if varroa mites are susceptible to 
nicotine?  I've been wondering about this for a few weeks and thought 
to bring it up now.  Seems like it might be a bit safer 
than the current treatment (and think of the support we'd get from the 
tobacco industry!).  Also, treatment consisting of more than one 
substance might be more effective and more difficult to acquire immunity 
to than a single-substance treatment (synergisms and all...).  Fluvalinate's 
(active ingredient in Apistan) LD50 occurs at 8.78 micrograms.      


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Mar  3 21:42:31 EST 1995
Article: 1411 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bee venom
Date: Tue, 28 Feb 1995 03:36:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950227234230959@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 20        


originally in conference LM-BEE-ListB on WILDBEES (WILD BEE'S BBS)
                    ----------------------------------------
Date:         Mon, 27 Feb 1995 08:25:06 -0800
From: Scribilo_Darlene/stl_system6@SYSTEM6.LCS.GOV.BC.CA
Subject:      bee venom

For those who posted inquiring on marketting bee venom, you may wish to contact
Michael Simics at 204 - 1331 15th Ave. S.W., Calgary ,Alta., Canada T3C 0X8
Ph/Fax  (403) 541-1877

He is presently the only active bee and vespid venom collector in North America

His outstanding quality venoms are collected with third generation collector
devices using the electric shock method to stimulate the bees to sting.

The venom is used by medical practitioners,drug manufacturers, labs etc.

Darlene
dgscribi@system6.lcs.gov.bc.ca


From jlks@u.washington.edu Fri Mar  3 21:42:32 EST 1995
Article: 1412 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: PETA and bees. A response from an English "animal rights nazi"
Date: 28 Feb 1995 21:09:05 GMT
Organization: University of Washington
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References: <dstamper.52.2F46D778@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <dstamper.53.2F46D8C1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> <115@kiwifruit.win-u <mah48d-280295124117@136.141.220.39>
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mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III) writes:
>Unfortunately the PETA folks care about what _you_ think, and they're one
>of these groups that'll kill you if you don't agree with them.

(I promised myself I wouldn't get dragged into another one of these 
flame-bait threads, but Lord, You know I am weak)

I would be very surprised if you could come up with even a single example 
of PETA killing somebody for not agreeing with them.  Let's make that 
killing anyone at all.

Just trying to clarify our terms...

Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/jordan.html





From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Fri Mar  3 21:42:33 EST 1995
Article: 1413 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Neighbors and free honey
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>>> and an occasional jar of honey to next door neighbors. 

 I wish I had a dime for every time I read this!
 I be a very rich man.
 Instead it just brings back bad memories!

 I used to offer my neighbors a free jar of honey at the end of the season.
 I too thought it was the thing to do.
 However, I gave some honey to a neighbor, who said she didn't even know
 I had bees in the backyard.  The following year she complained to the
 town board of health saying that the bees were a problem for the entire
 neighborhood.  She even started a petition to ban beekeeping.
 Nothing ever amounted, other than having one extra free jar of honey to
 give away!
 


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Mar  3 21:42:35 EST 1995
Article: 1414 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Protection of Hawaii's honey bees
Date: Wed,  1 Mar 1995 00:57:00 GMT
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Distribution: world
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originally in conference LM-BEE-ListB on WILDBEES (WILD BEE'S BBS)
                    ----------------------------------------
Date:         Tue, 28 Feb 1995 07:32:29 -1000
From: "Thomas W. Culliney" <tcullin@HINC.HAWAII.GOV>
Subject:      Protection of Hawaii's honey bees

Hawaii's three commercial queen breeders are not seeking a competitive
advantage over beekeepers from New Zealand or from any other country.
This issue is one of environmental protection. Hawaii is as protective of
its environment (including its agriculture and apiculture) as is New
Zealand (Hawaii state law bars entry of all honey bees, living or dead). The
USDA has amended the honey bee regulations to permit
transshipments of bees from New Zealand through the U.S., including
Hawaii.

The Hawaii Dept. of Agriculture is trying to make the best of a
disagreeable situation. Recently, state Ag. personnel met with officials
of New Zealand's Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries and the National
Beekeepers' Association to review bee packaging procedures employed by NZ
bee exporters. In general, it was seen that a great deal of care was taken
to ensure that the packages would not allow any bees to escape in
transit. The New Zealanders have taken all reasonable measures
(incorporating some additional measures suggested by this department) to
ensure the integrity of their shipments.

This department will be monitoring passage of the shipments through
Honolulu International Airport to make sure that no foreign bees enter
Hawaii. We trust that there will be no problems, but are prepared to take
actions to prevent any "leakage" of bees.

===================================
Thomas W. Culliney
Hawaii Dept. of Agriculture
Division of Plant Industry
1428 South King Street
Honolulu, Hawaii 96814
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Phone: (808) 973-9529
Facsimile: (808) 973-9533
E-mail: tcullin@hinc.hawaii.gov
===================================


From geoff@butt.demon.co.uk Fri Mar  3 21:42:36 EST 1995
Article: 1415 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: geoff@butt.demon.co.uk (geoff butt)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!utcsri!newsflash.concordia.ca!news.mcgill.ca!mcrcim.mcgill.edu!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!grapevine.lcs.mit.edu!uhog.mit.edu!news.mathworks.com!news.duke.edu!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!gatech!swrinde!pipex!bt!btnet!peernews.demon.co.uk!butt.demon.co.uk!geoff
Subject: Re: Should I Start?
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In article <bsheaff-2702951644260001@lwbyppp2.epix.net>
           bsheaff@epix.net "Bill Sheaffer" writes:

> In article <D4o9FL.4EI@nntpa.cb.att.com>, hjm@ohxs02.att.com wrote:
> 
> if this hobby is more high maintenance than I'm
> > ready to accept...
> 
>    I know with roses, we figure about 1 hour per plant per year. Is there
> a similar estimate for bees/hives? I am debating starting with 1 hive or
> maybe 2 or three. If I could get an idea as to how much time is involved a
> hive, I could  figure out how many start. That may sound like a strange
> 'newbie' question but my partner and I have access to probably 6 or 7
> hives. 
> Bill
> 
Hello Bill

I remember in the year I started keeping bees I had one hive for several 
months.  Those poor bees must have thought their hive was opened up more
often than closed.  If you are new to the hobby you'll be wanting to
observe the endless miracle of what goes on in your first hive, probably to
the detrement of the colony, but greatly enriching your knowledge.
I was bold enough to buy a second hive after a while, but then I found queen
cells and by using the Cheshire method for swarm control ended up with three.

Which brings me to my key point:  as a new beekeeper with a few hives you
will *always* be short of equipment!  The number of times I worked late into 
the night to build another brood chamber or more supers...!  If you have 
access to 6 hives I'd make sure only half of them had bees in to start with.

We are having an amazingly mild winter this year in the Uk.  The bees were 
flying vigorously today piling quantities of pollen into the hives from a
wealth of unseasonal flowerings.  But then;  every year you learn something
new.  Whatever else you do - get started!

Best wishes - Geoff
-- 
geoff butt
geoff@butt.demon.co.uk


From ted@dme.nt.gov.au Fri Mar  3 21:42:37 EST 1995
Article: 1416 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ted@dme.nt.gov.au (Ted Findhammer)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: scottish heather honey
Date: 3 Mar 1995 05:23:00 GMT
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Hello everyone,

I apologise for the following, because it does not really belong here,
but I do not know where else to ask.

Australia does not have heather, and thus not what is-to my taste-the
most beautiful honey in the world: heather honey.
I know it from home (Holland) and Germany. In both countries it is
becoming rare, and very expensive.
Australia prefers to import from the UK. Scotland has wonderful
expanses of heather. Is there Scottish heather honey, and is it
exported to Australia?

Any info will be much appreciated.

Ted Findhammer
ted@dme.nt.gov.au



From inquire@ripco.com Sun Mar  5 16:33:17 EST 1995
Article: 1417 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,sci.anthropology.paleo,sci.aquaria,sci.archaeology.mesoamerican
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From: inquire@ripco.com (Resampling Stats)
Subject: Papers on resampling wanted <P03015b>
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1417 sci.anthropology.paleo:2565 sci.aquaria:11892 sci.archaeology.mesoamerican:1135



     Have you written any papers in your field applying the bootstrap or 
other resampling methods of statistical inference to your data?  If so, we 
would like to make them available to researchers and teachers through our 
Web site (also Gopher and FTP) devoted to resampling methods, software and 
pedagogy.  Please contact inquire@ripco.com for more information.

Peter Bruce, Resampling Project, University of Maryland



From worrell@gamera.umd.edu Sun Mar  5 16:33:18 EST 1995
Article: 1418 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard Worrell)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Should I Start?
Date: 28 Feb 1995 21:35:35 GMT
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T. Alex. Shaw. (alex@longton.demon.co.uk) wrote:
: I don't think there is an answer to the question of where to keep bees and 
: how long does it take.

: I had a friend who kept bees in a large town.   There were lots of keen 
: gardeners in the area who planted for something to be in flower thoughout 
: the year and whilst those beekeepers in the countryside were dependant upon 
: the weather being fine at the time of the greatest honey flow his bees 
: worked throughout the season - he always did better than other local 
: beekeepers.

: One year he was quite ill and spent spring and summer in hospital.   Guess 
: what?   That year he did even better.

: You have got to check the health of your hives at least 2 or 3 times a year 
: for the sake of other beekeepers in the area but other than that its up to 
: you how much time you spend at your hives.


: -- 


: 							AleX.

Hate to disagree with you Alex, but in the US recently, those who do not 
manage their bees do not keep bees very long! Years ago, before the 
mites, we got away without tending our bees so much. With both trachael 
and Varroa mites, without managing to control them, losses have been very 
high. Resistance has not developed well enough not to treat. Therefore, we
spend more time on the bees than even 5 yrs. ago. One hive or 10, if they 
are at a distance from home, you have to schedule the time and make the trip.
I have 3 out-apiaries and the time spent getting to the smaller one 
doesn't seem to matter as much as the time to get to them.

  Depending on how quickly you can make an examination of brood, etc. 
assume 1/2 hour per hive per ev two weeks in mild weather, once a month 
in winter. figure on requeening every year or two. Add time for adding 
supers, removing and extracting honey. Winter time needs to be set aside 
for repairing equipment ( replacing old combs with new 
foundation,repairing supres,brood chambers,etc.)



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun Mar  5 16:33:19 EST 1995
Article: 1419 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Your help needed to protect Hawai'i's honey bees
Date: Tue, 28 Feb 1995 03:42:00 GMT
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Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
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                    ----------------------------------------
Date:         Mon, 27 Feb 1995 09:44:00 -0800
From: "Paul van Westendorp 576-5600 Fax: 576-5652"              <PVANWESTEN@GAL
Subject:      Re: Your help needed to protect Hawai'i's honey bees

    I have read the latest communication about the Hawaiian issue, and
    followed with interest the dialoque between Allen Dick and Andy.

    Notwithstanding the cynical attitudes and economic opportunism that may
    be part of the issue, perhaps it is better to focus on the question of
    diseases and pests associated with New Zealand honeybees.  Also, it is
    necessary to seperate the issue of transshipments of NZ bees through
    Hawaii, from the larger issue of the US allowing importation of NZ bees.


    1.  From a geographical perspective, it makes perfect sense for the
    Hawaiian industry to demand a ban on all importations, including
    transshipments.  When we closely examine the details of transshipments
    and assess the risks, many of the fears may be unfounded.  Transshipments
    only go through Honolulu, O'ahu, where they stay for a few hours before
    loaded up for a flight to Vancouver, BC.  The shipments must meet airline
    standards of bee-tightness, etc.  Surely, we are not talking about piles
    of bees 'bleeding' from those containers. If these containers are left in
    open areas, it is more likely that the bees buzzing around on the outside
    are genuine Hawaiian that have been attracted.  In terms of shipping
    conditions and the short time frame during which these bees stay at the
    Honolulu airport, risks are extremely low.

    2.  As far as I know, the commercial Hawaiian beekeeping industry and the
    bee breeders in particular, are concentrated on the big island of Hawaii,
    over 100 nautical miles from O'ahu.  Unless there is free movement of
    bees among the islands (by man), there is no chance of bees reaching
    Hawaii on their own.  In other words, the risks of the current Hawaiian
    commercial bee stock exposed to transshipped New Zealand beestock is
    negligible.

    3.  There is this impressive list of pathogens reported present in New
    Zealand, as stated by Bailey & Ball.  I have no cause to doubt the
    accuracy of these claims but the problem is that this valuable research
    was done in New Zealand and not in North America and Hawaii.  The listing
    of these agents have been used in this discussion as if they are unique
    to New Zealand and extraordinarily virulent.  This is simply not the
    case.  Most are of academic interest and have only been reported
    incidentally.  Part of the reason that they have been reported
    incidentally is because these agents are generally latent.  It is wrong
    to insinuate that any of these agents would upon introduction, cause
    havoc to American beekeeping.  (However, I acknowledge that in company of
    parasitic mites, some viral agents may become virulent in the future.)

    In my view, the weakness of Hawaii's arguments rest in the fact that
    no comparable scientific research has ever been applied to the Hawaiian
    and north American bee populations.  There is simply not an accurate
    inventory listing of agents associated with american bees.  Any or all
    (and perhaps more) of those agents listed by Bailey & Ball could already
    occur in the feral and managed bee population of Hawaii and North
    America.

    As long as there is no accurate listing of honeybee pathogens in Hawaii
    and North America, I believe it is wrong in portraying New Zealand as a
    dangerous source of bee stock because it is not.   I am not wishing to
    talk on behalf of New Zealand in any way, but I and others have full
    confidence in the health status and reliability of NEw Zealand bees.
    This position is based on information and experience gathered over 15
    years since Canada started importing bees from New Zealand.

    Canada assessed New Zealand (and Australia) as a source of bees in the
    early 1980's.  Ever since the initial assessment, Canada has been
    satisfied and impressed with the thorough and sound animal disease and
    pest control programs in place in New Zealand and Australia.

    In the mid-1980's, when Kashmir Bee Virus (KBV) had been reported, BC
    sent bee samples to NZ for analysis (by Anderson, who since then moved to
    Australia).  Indeed, KBV was identified in samples of BC bees but also
    from sources that had never been exposed to NZ bee importations.
    Eventhough, no further studies were carried out, it was suspected that
    bees in many parts of Canada (and presumably the US) already harbored KBV
    and other viral agents.  For the lack of funds and expertise in bee
    virology, a comprehensive survey of North America was never carried out.
    Shimanuki and others have stated that it is likely some or many viruses
    are widely distributed in the north American bee population.  With the
    recent entry of Africanized bees, additional viruses may be introduced
    into North America as well.

    Because of Hawaii's longstanding importation ban, and its opportunity to
    remain free of parasitic mites, I can appreciate the demand for some form
    of protection.  As I wrote in ABJ's january 1995 edition, the strength of
    arguments in support of protection must be based on scientific evidence
    together with risk assessment studies.  For the lack of information of
    Hawaii's inventory of bee pathogens, it is difficult to consider NZ
    transshipments as a bonafide health risk to Hawaiian bees at this time.
    To resolve the issue, a comprehensive survey may be carried out in
    Hawaii.  The results can then be compared with the New Zealand list.

    Considering the scientific information currently available, I find it
    difficult to accept the argument that New Zealand bees pose a health risk
    to the North American bee population.   But then, I do agree that perhaps
    New Zealand may pose an 'economic risk' to some American bee suppliers.


    Paul van Westendorp
    Provincial Apiarist
    British Columbia


From phoenix@fox.nstn.ca Sun Mar  5 16:33:20 EST 1995
Article: 1420 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: <phoenix@fox.nstn.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: FLEXINET FOR CRITTERS - NEW ON THE MARKET
Date: 28 Feb 1995 10:36:18 -0400
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---------------------------------
 Phoenix Agritech(Canada) Limited
 phoenix@fox.nstn.ca
---------------------------------



From durk.ellison@posnet.co.uk Sun Mar  5 16:33:21 EST 1995
Article: 1421 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!penny.ibmpcug.co.uk!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!posnet!durk.ellison
From: durk.ellison@posnet.co.uk (Durk Ellison)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Date: Sun, 26 Feb 1995 02:44:02 GMT
Message-ID: <950302073300207@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 49        

Hi Jordan,

17-Feb-95 04:55, Jordan Schwartz: wrote to All:
        Subject: Re: Six super winter!?


>> It would be interesting if you could give a more detailed account
>> of what you saw when you opened and inspected the dead hive.

>> Bees killed by Varroa, AFB and EFB are rather easy to detect.
>> AFB and EFB by the smell and Varroa by searching the debris.

 JS> The first thing I noticed upon opening the hives was virtually
 JS> unmistakable lack of bees.  This was my first tip that the hive was
 JS> dead.  There was no scent (which would have indicated foulbrood), nor
 JS> were the dead larval bees (of which there were few) ropey.  Instead,
they
 JS>
 JS> appeared normal, just not moving.  In fact, it appeared that a handful
of
 JS>
 JS> bees were emerging from their cells when they died (i.e. they were half
 JS> out, half in, fully developed).
  JS> Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
 JS> JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
 JS> http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/jordan.html

 This sounds very much like what happened to me last winter. My hives
  (8 of them) where in a forrest about 10 meters from an old dirt road.
  What I didn't know is that the owner of the land had contracted to
  have the older trees cut down and sold. With the noise of the motor
  saws and the ground vibrations from the lumber trucks using the old
  road. This induced a very stressful situation which brought on
  nosema. Each hive, when opened, was as you have described.

  I also have been brought to understand that Apis woodi infection
  will cause the same situation. I had my dead bees checked for woodi
  and they where found clean.


ÄÄÄ¿
   ÀÄÄÄ> Best regards from, Durk Ellison

--- Terminate 1.51/Pro
 * Origin: Durk Ellison        BeeNet     Finland (240:2358/100)


From durk.ellison@posnet.co.uk Sun Mar  5 16:33:22 EST 1995
Article: 1422 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: durk.ellison@posnet.co.uk (Durk Ellison)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Six super winter!?
Date: Sun, 26 Feb 1995 03:33:16 GMT
Message-ID: <950302073300208@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 31        

Hi Jordan,

17-Feb-95 04:55, Jordan Schwartz: wrote to All:
        Subject: Re: Six super winter!?


 JS> There were heavy stores of honey (thus the start of this thread: what do
 JS> I do with it, since I don't have an extractor, and its not worth my
while
 JS>
 JS> to extract only two supers worth), so they didn't starve.

 JS> Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
 JS> JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
 JS> http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/jordan.html


  Sorry I forgot to answer your question (It's 03:00 here). Once I
  determined the cause, I used the honey stores from the dead hives
  to feed to the hives that where strong but a bit short on food.


ÄÄÄ¿
   ÀÄÄÄ> Best regards from, Durk Ellison

--- Terminate 1.51/Pro
 * Origin: Durk Ellison        BeeNet     Finland (240:2358/100)


From jschlnkr@iastate.edu Sun Mar  5 16:33:23 EST 1995
Article: 1423 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!newsrelay.iastate.edu!news.iastate.edu!usenet
From: jschlnkr@iastate.edu (John D. Schlenker)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Your help needed to protect Hawai'i's honey bees
Date: 3 Mar 1995 14:31:06 GMT
Organization: Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
Lines: 29
Message-ID: <3j797a$2t0@news.iastate.edu>
References: <950227234231960@beenet.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: pc3350.econ.iastate.edu
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.91.6

In article <950227234231960@beenet.com>, andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy 
Nachbaur) says:
>
>
>                    ----------------------------------------
>Date:         Mon, 27 Feb 1995 09:44:00 -0800
>From: "Paul van Westendorp 576-5600 Fax: 576-5652"              
<PVANWESTEN@GAL
>Subject:      Re: Your help needed to protect Hawai'i's honey bees
>


...
> together with risk assessment studies.  For the lack of information of
> Hawaii's inventory of bee pathogens, it is difficult to consider NZ
> transshipments as a bonafide health risk to Hawaiian bees at this time.
...
>    Provincial Apiarist
>    British Columbia
...


1) There is no data on the population characteristic which the ban aims 
   to protect, so it's suggested the ban is trivial and a barrier to 
   trade.

2) The impossibility of reversing an adverse event suggests caution, 
   however.  Trade is perhaps the trivial concern at the moment.



From roe@crosfield.co.uk Sun Mar  5 16:33:25 EST 1995
Article: 1424 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!crosfield.co.uk!roe
From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: scottish heather honey
Message-ID: <1995Mar3.152459.2974@crosfield.co.uk>
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
References: <3j693k$6vo@pellew.ntu.edu.au>
Date: Fri, 3 Mar 1995 15:24:59 GMT
Lines: 12

In article <3j693k$6vo@pellew.ntu.edu.au> ted@dme.nt.gov.au writes:
>Is there Scottish heather honey, and is it exported to Australia?

Yes, heather honey is produced in Scotland (and other parts of the
British Isles).  Unfortunately I can't give you any details on its
export.

-- 
Malcolm Roe                                Phone  :  +44 1442 345104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd                  Fax    :  +44 1442 343000
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK        E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From tmiklasi@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu Sun Mar  5 16:33:26 EST 1995
Article: 1425 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: tmiklasi@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Tim Miklasiewicz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: "moth crystals" for wax moths
Date: Fri, 3 Mar 1995 07:54:07 GMT
Organization: The Ohio State University
Lines: 23
Message-ID: <tmiklasi.25.2F56CB1F@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: 128.146.211.21
Summary: alternatives to synthetic biocides
Keywords: naphthalene, paradichlorobenzene
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev B final beta #1]

Please Note:

    Paradichlorobenzene is carcinogenic!  I would not use it around bees or to 
treat frames with wax that is going to re-used in hives.  Wax moths are not 
very tolerant of sustained cold.  They survive winters in protected locations 
such as hives with bees (warm), sometimes within buildings if they have some 
food (they're pretty polyphagous).  You should be able to kill them by placing 
equipment in an exposed cold place or in a freezer for several days  (48-72 
hours near 0 degrees Fahrenheit should work).

    Several years ago there was a formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis that 
was used to treat frames.  This bacterium is the active biological 
control agent in the biorational pesticides Dipel and Thuricide (and many 
others).  It's toxic to larvae of many species of Lepidoptera, like wax moths, 
but not to bees.  I believe that the distributer of the formulation for bees 
gave up its registration because it was not selling enough of the stuff to 
make it worthwhile.  Possibly if enough people were aware of this as a 
safer alternative to naphthalene and PDCB, and were interested in using it, 
some company would be willing to resurrect the product.

Tim Miklasiewicz			miklasiewicz.1@osu.edu
Ohio State University Entomology
  


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sun Mar  5 16:33:27 EST 1995
Article: 1426 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: B-Mail_3/95
Date: 2 Mar 1995 02:23:22 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 340
Message-ID: <3j3a6q$n5p@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf


Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology <BEE-L@ALBNYVM1.BITNET>
From: Dr Pamela Munn <sabpam@THOR.CF.AC.UK>
Subject:      B.mail - March isuue

======================================================
 
B-MAIL
 
A monthly newsletter on issues and events in the bee world, provided
by IBRA, the world information service for bee science and beekeeping.
 
**March 1995**
 
======================================================
 
APIS CERANA AS AN ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT BEE FOR ASIA
 
Probably the hottest subject of debate in Asian apiculture is the choice
of species for beekeeping: the native Apis cerana or the introduced
Apis mellifera. The argument is not simple, and is not yet settled, but it
revolves on the choice between a greater honey producer which is an
introduced species or a local bee which is said to support a sustainable
beekeeping industry.
 
In general A. cerana beekeeping is regarded as a low-input, low-return
enterprise, with A. mellifera beekeeping in Asia generating much higher
production, but requiring greater inputs (especially in mite control
measures and queens which usually must be imported).
 
How do the economics of the two forms of beekeeping in Asia
compare? Unfortunately there is little in the way of rigorous analysis.
The straightforward answer was given by a Thai beekeeper who once
said to me: "When I kept cerana I owned a push bike; now that I keep
mellifera I drive a Toyota".  Of course as true as that might be for an
individual, the greater picture isn't as simple as that.  At last August's
Asian apiculture conference in Indonesia a very interesting study from
Vietnam was presented on this subject, which appeared to show that
beekeeping with A. cerana was more profitable than that with A.
mellifera. Unfortunately the study was flawed: comparing cerana in one
year with mellifera the next, using different honey prices and including
interest on capital in the mellifera analysis but not the other. However,
the study shows promise if these deficiencies are corrected before it is
published. More investigation along these lines is needed to help
answer the question of which bee species is more economically
successful for Asian beekeeping.
 
Of course A. mellifera is an established part of Asian beekeeping, and it
is not possible to turn the clock back and remove it from that part of
the world. It may be that the two types of beekeeping can be
complementary, with one a high input, high return enterprise and the
other more suited to subsistence or smallholder lifestyles.
 
The other part of the argument is ecological, with some people claiming
that A. mellifera is out-competing A. cerana, and as a result the latter
is endangered or that some races of A. cerana have been made extinct.
These assertions are being made with little supporting evidence, and
the fact that the number of managed A. cerana colonies is declining in
some areas is likely to be more an expression of economic forces than
ecological ones.  The impact of introducing A. mellifera to areas where
A. cerana is autochthonous is largely unknown (and in any case is likely
not to be the same throughout Asia). Bald assertions that 'the situation
(with cerana) is approaching a crisis', and that this species is
endangered, contribute little to the scientific debate.
 
A further part of the equation is that management of A. cerana has not
been progressed as far or as fast as that of A. mellifera, meaning that
colony management techniques and bee breeding for cerana is
generally less advanced and comparisons of the two types of
beekeeping is in fact unfair.
 
At the Indonesian conference an exciting advance in management of A.
cerana was reported; a practically-based trial to predict and reduce
swarming behaviour in cerana. As excessive swarming is one
characteristic that really reduces its manageability, these results have
considerable potential for enhancing the practical importance of the
eastern hive bee. The studies on natural mating, including the discovery
of A. cerana drone congregation areas, also have management
possibilities in allowing controlled mating in the open.
 
So, for more informed debate on the mellifera/cerana debate for Asian
beekeeping, we need:
more thorough economic analysis of the two forms of beekeeping
research on the effects of mellifera on feral populations of cerana
development of better management techniques for cerana.
 
THAILAND AS AN EXAMPLE
 
In the latest issue of Bee World, currently being mailed to IBRA
members and subscribers, Siriwat Wongsiri and Ping-Ping Chen look at
the effect of agricultural development on honey bees in Thailand.
 
After a few unsuccessful starts, beekeeping with mellifera in that
country has undergone exponential growth over the past two decades.
In the last ten years the number of managed cerana colonies has
declined, though the authors are careful to point out that 'no research
has been done on the decrease of A. cerana in natural habitats'.
 
Another interesting point they make is that while cerana has the
advantage of greater mite resistance, the colonies suffer more from
poisoning by agricultural chemicals than mellifera ones because cerana
beekeepers generally do not have the logistical or financial means to
shift colonies away from danger.
 
EXCITING NEW BOOK ON APIS CERANA
 
I said that finding better management techniques for cerana was an
important step in allowing a fair comparison between that species and
mellifera.  A new book will go a long way towards improving cerana
management in Asia.
 
Many previous books about beekeeping with cerana have been founded
on adaptations of techniques for temperate-zone apiculture using
mellifera, but at last we have a comprehensive manual for beekeeping
with Apis cerana, based soundly on research and practical beekeeping
experience with that species.
 
'Beekeeping for honey production: management of Asiatic hive
honeybee Apis cerana in its natural and tropical monsoonal
environment', by R W K Punchihewa, first reviews honey bee biology,
concentrating on A. cerana but considering the other two species found
in Sri Lanka (A. florea and A. dorsata).
 
The majority of the book is directly practical, with chapters on the
principles of beekeeping, the relationships between animal husbandry
and beekeeping, hive design for A. cerana, colony population increase
and management, swarming management and making increase,
supplementary feeding, preventing absconding, pest incidence, use of
the smoker, extracting honey, the economics of beekeeping.  There is
also a glossary, a short reference section, an appendix of historical
documents on beekeeping in Sri Lanka, and a subject index.  The book
is well illustrated by 116 colour photographs, 42 diagrams and a map
of Sri Lanka's natural resource zones.
 
Though this book is written for Sri Lankan conditions much of it will be
directly applicable to A. cerana beekeeping in coconut- and rubber-
growing zones elsewhere in Asia, and will be of use to anyone
interested in the management of A. cerana.
 
The book will be available for purchase from IBRA (contacts at the end
of the newsletter).
 
 
LOTS OF MEETINGS THIS MONTH
 
BUMBLE BEES IN THE NEWS
 
The widespread interest in bumble bees will be focused on a unique
symposium being held in September.
 
Some bumble bee species are endangered, disappearing from Europe's
changing countryside at an alarming rate. Some are bursting to
prominence as 'technobees' - at the heart of sophisticated pollination
systems for crops.
 
There's huge interest in bumble bees at the moment, so IBRA has put
together a programme that will appeal to crop growers, farmers,
entomologists, teachers, beekeepers - in fact anyone interested in
nature or the countryside.
 
'Bumble bees for pleasure and profit' covers why bumble bees are
special, what part they play in the environment and how they are being
threatened. It also deals with rearing and using them: on covered crops,
field crops, and even at home and in schools.
 
The excellent line-up of speakers all have wide scientific or practical
experience with bumble bees, and are drawn from across UK and
Europe. 'Bumble bees for pleasure and profit' will be held in London on
Saturday 23 September 1995.
 
Further details from: IBRA at the address given at the end of this
newsletter.
 
INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY MEETING
 
The Society for Invertebrate Pathology will be holding its 28th annual
meeting at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA, on 16-21 July
1995.
 
For information contact John D Vandenberg, USDA ARS US Plant, Soil
& Nutrition Lab, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853 (jdv3@cornell.edu;
phone: 607-255-2456; fax: 607-255-2459) or H Alan Wood, Boyce
Thompson Institute, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853
(haw5@cornell.edu; phone: 607-254-1200; fax: 607-254-1242).
 
IBRA DAY 1995
 
This year we have an exciting programme for IBRA Day.  Set aside
Saturday 27 May for a good day out: details in next month's B.mail.
 
WORLD TRADE IN BEES AND BEE PRODUCTS
 
IBRA is organizing a symposium on this subject to provide a forum for
discussion of important issues in trade of bee products and bees.  It
will be held as part of the international beekeeping congress in
Lausanne, Switzerland, and through the congress proceedings will give
people worldwide access to current information on this subject (which
is generally hard to come by).
 
The meeting is for a wide range of people interested in this subject,
including commercial beekeepers, traders in bee products and bees,
government officials, representatives of intergovernmental agencies
and hobby beekeepers.
 
It won't be a direct 'how-to-do' programme, giving information about
setting up a trading business. Rather it will analyse and discuss current
and future trends in the commercial production and trading of major
bee products (and bees).  First there will be a keynote address by an
invited speaker, looking at changing patterns in the world honey trade:
the immediate past, current trends in the main producing and trading
nations, and a look at the future.
 
This will be followed by papers from invited speakers on:
 
The effects of the latest Gatt agreement and European regulations.
Niche marketing of honey from developing countries.
Using quality assurance in bee product trade.
Beeswax production and trade.
The international trade in live bees.
Developing markets for other hive products (such as propolis, pollen,
royal jelly, venom).
The European regulations for bee products (including a discussion of
'organic' honey).
 
There will be opportunities for submitted papers to be presented as
posters, as an important part of this half-day symposium.
 
People wishing to take part in this symposium, or present posters,
should register with the Apimondia congress organizers in the normal
way.
 
MEET US IN THE TROPICS
 
Lastly in the meetings, but by no means least, here is the first
announcement for the Sixth IBRA conference on tropical bees:
management and diversity.
 
It will be held in San Josi, Costa Rica, from 12-17 August 1996, and
is being organized by the International Bee Research Association and
hosted by the Universidad Nacional Costa Rica and Programa Regional
de Apicultura y Meliponicultura.
 
This conference is for anyone interested in the scientific or applied
aspects of these themes:
 
Ecology of native bees and native flora
Pollination of crops
Biology and management of stingless bees
Parasites, pests and diseases of tropical bees
Bees and sustainable forest management
Conserving biodiversity of tropical bees
Developing markets for bee products
Information networks on tropical bees and beekeeping
Management and selection of Africanized honey bees.
 
Conference sessions will include presentations of oral and poster
papers, workshop discussions, and technical visits to places of interest.
 
The venue is ideal for looking at beekeeping with Africanized honey
bees and stingless bees, as well as the interactions between introduced
honey bees and native bees.  Costa Rica provides a superb opportunity
for private tours to look at a variety of unspoilt tropical habitats.
 
This meeting continues the well-known series of conferences on bees
and beekeeping in the tropics, held by IBRA every four years since
1976.  Delegates at previous meetings have included scientists
working in many different fields, commercial and hobbyist beekeepers,
development workers, people from government and intergovernmental
agencies, agriculturalists, foresters and extension agents.
 
The proceedings of these conferences have become valued references
for people working in subjects related to bees and beekeeping in the
tropics.
 
The International Bee Research Association is a non-profit making
scientific foundation, and not an organization which can fund the
attendance of delegates.  If you will need funding to participate in this
conference you should apply to appropriate agencies well in advance of
the conference.
 
If you wish to receive the second circular and registration form when
they become available in August 1995 send your name and address to
the appropriate contact:
 
If you live in Costa Rica reply to:
Sixth IBRA Conference on Tropical Bees
C/ Dr Johan Van Veen
Apartado 475-3000
Heredia
Costa Rica
 
 
If you live anywhere else contact:
Sixth IBRA Conference on Tropical Bees
International Bee Research Association
18 North Road
Cardiff CF1 3DY
United Kingdom
 
(ibra@cardiff.ac.uk)
 
TIME FOR REFRESHMENT
 
If you've made it this far you deserve some refreshments.  We all know
that the waggle dance is the name given to one of the most important
parts of the honey bee dance language (taken from von Frisch's term
'tail-wagging dance'), but did you know it's also the name of a beer
made with honey in addition to barley malt?  (I assume the name
comes from the honey connection, and not only from the behaviour of
heavy consumers).
 
This honey beer uses 500 kg of honey in every 100-barrel batch, so it's
definitely not a token effort.  The resulting brew is (I'm told) golden in
colour, with a notably firm and smooth body, a touch of sweetness
with suggestions of orange and lemon, and a flowery dryness in its long
finish.  It has 5 percent alcohol and is a cask-conditioned draught.
 
Waggle Dance is available in around 200 pubs, mainly those owned by
the brewers Vaux in the north of England, at around 1.45-1.65 pounds
per pint (an ancient British measurement, still used by drinkers, of just
over 0.5 litre).
 
Cheers!
 
Andrew Matheson
Director
 
 
 
 
Return address:
E.mail: ibra@cardiff.ac.uk
Fax: (+44) 1222-665522
Telephone: (+44) 1222-372409
Snailmail: 18 North Road, Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK

-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk Sun Mar  5 16:33:28 EST 1995
Article: 1427 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!pipex!penny.ibmpcug.co.uk!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!posnet!hugo.veerkamp
From: hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk (Hugo Veerkamp)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: NBB newsletter of month 03,95 
Date: Wed,  1 Mar 1995 08:11:02 GMT
Message-ID: <950303084508212@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 116       

hi all,

This monthly newsletter is published simultaneously in BEENET,
in sci.agiculture.beekeeping newsgroup and in BEE-L.
H.V.
===================================================================
                 Northern Bee books Newsletter
        BeeBooks Digest--Apicultural Publications and Issues
                 Volume 1, Number 1, march 1995
        (c) H.Veerkamp & J.Burbidge. " all rights reserved"
===================================================================

                            INTRODUCTION

Yet another beekeeping newsletter on the web...the more, the merrier, I'd
say.
This newsletter is an attempt at making information on newly appearing
beebooks, as well as on those 'golden oldies' available to the beekeeping
community. Our main source of info will be at Northern bee books UK,
but input( related to beebooks) from others is hereby cordially invited.

                                        Hugo Veerkamp, Amsterdam, Holland
                                        editor NBB newsletter


                     BEE BOOK FOR BEGINNERS

a pocket size soft back format, Dr Harry Riches' 'A Handbook of
Beekeeping', is
now becoming recognised as the best introduction to beekeeping for newcomers.
Dr Riches has also produced the most readable and practical book available on
Honey Marketing, a particular problem for beginners, who have not built up
outlets for their products and may be discouraged from continuing by an
accumulation of heavy buckets!
                                  H. Riches: A Handbook of Beekeeping



                         BEEKEEPING LORE

We all know some beekeeping lore and legend and so do many non-beekeepers. In
Hilda M Ransome's 'The Sacred Bee' will be found all that we know - and
far more that we don't - from the very earliest records of cultures
worldwide.
                            Hilda M Ransome: The Sacred Bee


                 NEW BOOK FOR PRACTICAL BEEKEEPING

Mind Stretching, Experience Enhancing, 'Queens' land' by Norm Rice is the Bee
Book of 1994. Norm visited UK in the summer and impressed everyone he met and
spoke to with his humility, good sense and good fortune. Don't take our word
for it, read the glowing report in Thorne's Beekeepers' News. You can share
in his success by following his methods.
                                  Norm Rice: Queens' land

                       A BRAND NEW BEE BOOK

The late Mediaeval, fifteenth century was a time of great awakening of art,
science and technology in  Europe. Take beekeeping. In England, monasteries
kept bees to provide wax for candles. Honey was the only sweetening. Bees
were
kept in skeps and mead was made from honey. Unfortunately we don't know much
more than that because beekeeping was essentially a private occupation and
there are very few public records about it and its products.
Not so in Mediaeval Sweden. A new book, 'Honey, Beeswax and Mead.
Beekeeping in
Sweden during the Middle Ages and the 16th century', is the fruit of research
by Dr Erik Husberg who has unearthed and studied mediaeval laws, letters,
accounts and records from castles, bailliffs and collection of taxes.
The laws mostly related to ownership of swarms (swarming was very common) and
punishments for theft of hives - at least one sentence was that of death. The
Church used huge quantities of wax, in the records of one church it was the
most important item of expenditure. After the Reformation the use of beeswax
candles dropped to almost zero. Wax seals were used in Sweden as here on
important documents, Guilds used wax as currency for dues and fines, wax was
used in ointments, horticulture, polish, metal casting, cement and filler and
in engraving. This very brief summary does only touches on the content of the
book. Its only problem is that it is in Swedish (with a comprehensive summary
in English) but it is a model of research and almost worth learning a new
language for!
No doubt among the diversity of beekeepers there will be some enterprising
Swedish speaker somewhere who will be prepared to translate for a small
consideration..
                            Dr Erik Husberg:  Honey, Beeswax and Mead.
                                              Beekeeping in Sweden
                                              during the Middle Ages and
                                              the 16th century

                        GIFTS FROM THE HIVE

Honey and candles are not the only hive products we can give away, but they
are
certainly always well received. You can also use honey in cakes,
confectionery
and drinks, wax in cosmetics, polishes and decorative items. What's more, the
cost to you can be low (for little luxuries) for single items but they can be
combined to make superb presentations.
The most recent book for instructions on how to make a huge variety of
items is
'Super Formulas' , by Elaine C White. It contains many probably useless
recipes but there is a core of good ones and ideas may well be generated for
devising your own individual ones.
So what else is considered worthy of inclusion in this large and easy to read
book? It begins with a waterproof cement which is formulated to hold blades
on to knife handles. Forget Super Glue.
                                Elaine C White: Super Formulas
=============================================================================
for further inquiries about books reviewed or book catalog, please send
E-mail
   to: Jeremy Burbidge at ruxbury@delphi.com
or to: Hugo Veerkamp at Hugo.Veerkamp@f28.n2801.z2.fidonet.org
---
 * Origin: zzz the BEE bbs Amsterdam Holland +31 20.6764105 zzz (240:31/0)


From hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk Sun Mar  5 16:33:29 EST 1995
Article: 1428 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!pipex!penny.ibmpcug.co.uk!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!posnet!hugo.veerkamp
From: hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk (Hugo Veerkamp)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Moth Crystals for wax moths?
Date: Thu,  2 Mar 1995 00:12:03 GMT
Message-ID: <950303084508213@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 58        

hi  Pete,

 > Or maybe a bettere question would be,
 > "Should you use
 > moth crystals? and if so, When, where, how and for
 > what purposes?"

Do NOT use moth crystals against wax moths !!
because the activeingredient, Paradichlorobenzene ( PDB)
tends to get into the wax and stay there, even when
heating the wax or using other methods. This is caused
by chemical properties of PDB,
which make it much better soluble in fatty substances
( like wax) than in water etc. Sitting there in the wax
it will continue to be poisonous to waxmoths ( good), but
also to your bees ( not good).

 There are several alternatives to salvage the good wax still present in
your infested hives:

a. boil water in an enormous pan and throw in the pieces of good wax you
can break out of the infested frames. After cooling a cake of wax will form
on the water surface and can be taken out easily. It will still be dirty
and unpurified, but the moth cannot go on consuming any more wax to leave
you ith their black excrement instead.

b. put all frames that are still > 75% ok in a big airtight plastic bag and
add a piece of cardboard or beer-mat, in which an amount of 99% ACETIC ACID
is absorbed. Close up the bag airtight and leave until use of the frames.
At that time simply hang the frames outside in the wind to evaporate all
taces of the acetic acid. The acetic acid kills off not only the wax moth
but also reduces the (possible, but less recognisable) presence of other
diseases. Moreover, the acid is not fat soluble so will not stay in the wax
after treatment. A simple aeration is sufficient to blow away all of the
acid n 15 minutes ( any residual acid is easily detectable by smell).

sincerely, Hugo


P.S. an added advantage is that moth balls can cause cancer in humans and
acetic acid does not. H.

               \|/
               @ @             Hugo Veerkamp
 ----------oOO-(_)-OOo---------------------------------------------
| reply to:                     BEENET INTERNATIONAL               |
| Hugo.Veerkamp@f28.n2801.z2.fidonet.org| mail : the Bee bbs       |
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|(or your reply gets lost in bit heaven)|        The Netherlands   |
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 ------------------------------------------------------------------

--- FMail 0.96â+
 * Origin: zzz the BEE bbs Amsterdam Holland +31 20 6764105 zzz (240:231/100)


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Sun Mar  5 22:45:31 EST 1995
Article: 1429 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: Moth Crystals for wax moths?
Message-ID: <D4x9xw.IMA@cuug.ab.ca>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
References: <950303084508213@posnet.co.uk>
Date: Sat, 4 Mar 1995 15:29:41 GMT
Lines: 22


<heavily exerpted>

:  There are several alternatives to salvage the good wax still present in
: your infested hives:

: a. boil water in an enormous pan and throw in the pieces of good wax you
: can break out of the infested frames. After cooling a cake of wax will form

: b. put all frames that are still > 75% ok in a big airtight plastic bag and
: add a piece of cardboard or beer-mat, in which an amount of 99% ACETIC ACID

If you have only a few frames and a big freezer, stick the plastic bags in
the freezer overnight.  That will dispense the wax moths and usually any
eggs. 

Allen
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                        VE6CFK 
Rural Route One   Swalwell   Alberta   Canada  T0M 1Y0 
Email:   dicka@cuug.ab.ca    or   allend@internode.net
Virtual Art Gallery: http://www.cuug.ab.ca:8001/~dicka 


From 3dobs@qlink.queensu.ca Sun Mar  5 22:45:33 EST 1995
Article: 1430 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!news.duke.edu!eff!neoucom.edu!news.ysu.edu!news
From: David Schmidt <3dobs@qlink.queensu.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee Pictures Needed!
Date: 4 Mar 1995 19:58:49 GMT
Organization: Youngstown State/Youngstown Free-Net
Lines: 12
Message-ID: <3jagpp$jhp@news.ysu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: slip118.qlink.queensu.ca

Hi,
  I'm doing an multimedia-introduction to Bees and Beekeeping 
and am looking for .GIFs and .JPGs of BEES! Photos and renderings
are fine! Reply by e-mail is preferrable...I plan to post
my picture list here after I get some feedback and will be
happy to mail out pictures to people...

I can be reached at 3dobs@qlink.queensu.ca or at 
schmidt@biol.gis.queensu.ca

Many thanks,
  David


From NDSN68A@prodigy.com Sun Mar  5 22:45:34 EST 1995
Article: 1431 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swiss.ans.net!prodigy.com!usenet
From: NDSN68A@prodigy.com (Bob Stjohn)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Protection of Hawaii's honey bees
Date: 4 Mar 1995 20:05:15 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
Lines: 15
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3jah5r$1056@usenetp1.news.prodigy.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: inugap1.news.prodigy.com
X-Newsreader: Version 1.2

  I certainly hope that the Department of Agriculture will monitor any 
bee shipments very carefully. We are on the Big Island and are not at the 
same risk as those beekeepers on Oahu. That goes for most accidental 
importation of bees afflicted with various mites or deseases and the 
Africanized bees from Brazil or even Africa. Very few ocean going ship 
land on this island.

  You can all be sure, though, that the Big Isalnd beekeepers are not 
happy to have alien bees passing through under any conditions.
            
            
-
  BOB STJOHN  NDSN68A@prodigy.com




From Alex@longton.demon.co.uk Sun Mar  5 22:45:35 EST 1995
Article: 1432 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: Alex@longton.demon.co.uk ("T. Alex. Shaw.")
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!newshost.marcam.com!uunet!news.sprintlink.net!peernews.demon.co.uk!longton.demon.co.uk!Alex
Subject: Re: Should I Start?
References: <bsheaff-2702951644260001@lwbyppp2.epix.net>  <D4o9FL.4EI@nntpa.cb.att.com> <519457787wnr@longton.demon.co.uk> <3j04v7$4i6@gamera.umd.edu>
Organization: None
Reply-To: Alex@longton.demon.co.uk
X-Newsreader: Newswin Alpha 0.7
Lines:  30
X-Posting-Host: longton.demon.co.uk
Date: Thu, 2 Mar 1995 21:37:49 +0000
Message-ID: <52978296wnr@longton.demon.co.uk>
Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

In article: <3j04v7$4i6@gamera.umd.edu>  worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard 
Worrell) writes:

> Hate to disagree with you Alex, but in the US recently, those who do not 
> manage their bees do not keep bees very long! 

Yes Gerard, I forgot about varroa.   I have kept bees for many years in an 
isolated location in the north midlands of England.   The mite is advancing 
from the south and I was only thinking the other day that this season I 
shall have to be more attentive.


I have coped with most troubles (but escaped foul brood), however, I have no 
experience of varroa.   Is there any affective treatment yet and if not what 
is the next best thing?   If you would rather not digress this thread too 
far e-mail me.

I know now how beekeepers must have felt with the advance of "Isle of White" 
disease (Acarapis woodi) which virtually annihilated the British black bee 
at the beginning of the century to the extent that Italian bees had to be 
imported to replace them.   It was some 40 years before a treatment was 
developed but prior to that beekeepers used a cocktail of volatile chemicals 
like petrol and camphor to treat their stocks.

-- 


							AleX.



From g91i0480@warthog.ru.ac.za Wed Mar  8 23:18:15 EST 1995
Article: 1433 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!pirates!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!quagga.ru.ac.za!warthog.ru.ac.za!g91i0480
From: g91i0480@warthog.ru.ac.za (MR PM ILLGNER)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: honeybees and UV
Date: Thu, 2 Mar 1995 13:38:19 GMT
Organization: Rhodes University
Lines: 10
Message-ID: <g91i0480.57.2F55CA4B@warthog.ru.ac.za>
NNTP-Posting-Host: gg08.ru.ac.za

Hi!

I would like to get in contact with anyone who has investigated the 
influence of ultraviolet light on honeybees. I would be particularly 
interested in the effect UV has on honeybee physiology and 
energetics. A literature search on the topic has not proved very productive 
so a trawl through the internet is a last resort!

Thanks!
Pete


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Wed Mar  8 23:18:18 EST 1995
Article: 1434 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: Should I Start?
Message-ID: <D4z7v3.LJn@cuug.ab.ca>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
References: <bsheaff-2702951644260001@lwbyppp2.epix.net>  <D4o9FL.4EI@nntpa.cb.att.com> <519457787wnr@longton.demon.co.uk> <3j04v7$4i6@gamera.umd.edu> <52978296wnr@longton.demon.co.uk>
Date: Sun, 5 Mar 1995 16:38:17 GMT
Lines: 26

T. Alex. Shaw. (Alex@longton.demon.co.uk) wrote:
: In article: <3j04v7$4i6@gamera.umd.edu>  worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard 
: Worrell) writes:

: > Hate to disagree with you Alex, but in the US recently, those who do not 
: > manage their bees do not keep bees very long! 

: Yes Gerard, I forgot about varroa.   I have kept bees for many years in an 
: isolated location in the north midlands of England.   The mite is advancing 
: from the south and I was only thinking the other day that this season I 
: shall have to be more attentive.

As far as I know, it is a very simple problem for the hobbyist to deal 
with.  A couple of strips installed routinely once or twice a year at acost 
of $5 maximum per hive should do the trick.

It's a no brainer.  Just check your local recommendations.

Do it!

Allen
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                        VE6CFK 
Rural Route One   Swalwell   Alberta   Canada  T0M 1Y0 
Email:   dicka@cuug.ab.ca    or   allend@internode.net
Virtual Art Gallery: http://www.cuug.ab.ca:8001/~dicka 


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Wed Mar  8 23:18:20 EST 1995
Article: 1435 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.bluesky.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: For your Information (long and loathsome)
Date: 5 Mar 1995 23:58:16 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 156
Message-ID: <3jdj6o$aub@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Summary: Why I am not a lawyer

 After an especially lousy afternoon I arrived home to check my mail and
received this:

Message-Id: <199503052130.WAA03292@onyx.cs.tu-berlin.de>
Subject: INTERNET.CDROM-[beekeeping-faq]
To: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu
Date: Sun, 5 Mar 1995 22:30:39 +0100 (MET)

Hallo,

I am preparing right now a CD-Rom, that will demonstrate the use
of the Internet to those, that are NOT familiar with on-line
services. But like it is, in demonstrations you have the connection
to the Internet, but if you want to give the audience something
to take home, you're lost !

That's why I'm creating that CD-Rom, it will present several services
and lots of information from the Internet directly from the CD-Rom
WITHOUT beeing connected.

While I was snooping through the net, I found you're "FAQ"

Archive-Name: beekeeping-faq
Last modified: 1995/02/20

and think it will be useful to be included into that CD-Rom
project.

I HEREBY LIKE TO ASK YOU IF YOU WOULD ALLOW ME TO INCLUDE
THAT "FAQ" INTO THE CD-ROM OR NOT !

         --------------------------------------------

Please take your time and fill that AUTHORIZATION FORMULA below,
and send it back to me (the best would be via air-mail paper-letter
and signed), but e-mail would do to. Please cut the FORMULA out and
send only that, I do not need the description of the project again,
because I wrote it ;o)

If you cannot live with that agreement, you're not sure where that
information in your file was coming from or you just don't want
to be included, please reply to this e-mail and add a big -NO!
to the end of the subject. Please do NOT send the complete file
back to me ! I already have it, and we all want to reduce the
load on the Internet ;o)

         --------------------------------------------

Sure, this CD-Rom is a commercial project, I'm not getting rich
with that, due of a very low selling price, but I DO make my
living with that.

Due of the tight price calculation (and the fee's that I have
to pay to some software distributors), it will not be possible
for me to pay you anything for the inclusion of that file, nor
will I be able to send you a free copy, when it will be finished
(production cost a lot too). Maybe I can calculate a even lower
special price for contributors, but I don't know so far.

         --------------------------------------------

If you want, you can send me a newer copy of that file, if there is one !

Or send me any pictures, movies, songs and sounds or any other
digital material that you want to include. Because I am going
to use a hyptertext-system to present the Internet, I can include
nearly everything. Please send any files via e-mail (binary
files "uuencoded", no splitting needed) and set the title of
the e-mail to something like that:

   <filename>-includes-<subfilename>-at-line-<linenumber>

where filename is the file of the requested file, subfilename
is the name of new file you're sending and linenumber is the line
in the requested file, where you want to include that new file, so f.e.

  FOOBAR.TXT-includes-MYFACE.JPG-at-line-122

Just be sure, YOU are the author of that file or have the copyright !
If you want to e-mail me about anything else or you have comments,
hints or whatever else, feel free to do that, but do it in an
extra mail. Thnx.


Thnx for your interest and I would be happy to include
your material, Phade

-----------------------------------------------------
PHADE Software, Leibnizstr. 30, 10625 Berlin, GERMANY
Inh. Frank Gadegast           Fon/Fax: +49 30 3128103

phade@contrib.de         http://www.contrib.de/~phade


==========================================================================
============== cut here cut here cut here cut here cut here ==============


AUTHORIZATION FORMULA
=====================

Name of the file :         ___________________________________________

Date of the file :         _________________


Name, First name :         ___________________________________________

Date of birth    :         ___________________________________________

Adress           :         ___________________________________________

Fon     : ___________________________  Fax  : ________________________

E-mail  : ___________________________  div. : ________________________

Comment : ____________________________________________________________

          ____________________________________________________________


I am the original author and I am authorized by all contributors of the
named file to sign this formula.

I hereby authorize Frank Gadegast to use, store, partly change, produce
and sell the named file and the accompanied information, pictures or
other digital material, on a CD-Rom without having to pay any kind
of fee.

This authorization will not be limited to a amount of sold CD-Roms.
Frank Gadegast has to store the used, named file and the accompanied
information, pictures or other digital stored material in a way, that the
owner of the copyright, i.e. the author, is still identify. The storage
of the used material will be as close as technicle possible to the way it
was stored, specified by the date of the file. If major changes of the
file are needed, the original copy of the file will be stored on the CD-Rom
too.



_____________________                ______________________________
 (date)     (town)                             (signature)


============== cut here cut here cut here cut here cut here ==============
==========================================================================


 Ack! Maybe this guy needs some experience with africanized bees?

:)
Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Mar  8 23:18:21 EST 1995
Article: 1436 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Neighbors and free honey
Date: Fri,  3 Mar 1995 05:46:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950303074821985@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 146       


 |-----------------|Mvdfv@mvuts.Mv.Att.Com (-Verville D.F.)refer#: None
 wrote:
>Subject: Neighbors and free honey
>Date: Wed, 1 Mar 1995 15:24:21 GMT
>
>>>> and an occasional jar of honey to next door neighbors.
>
> I wish I had a dime for every time I read this!
> I be a very rich man.
> Instead it just brings back bad memories!

Yep, and I wish I had a dollar for every pound of Honey I have given
away.<G>

> > I used to offer my neighbors a free jar of honey at the end
of the season.  I too thought it was the thing to do. However, I gave
some honey to a neighbor, who said she didn't even know I had bees in
the backyard.  The following year she complained to the town board of
health saying that the bees were a problem for the entire
neighborhood.  She even started a petition to ban beekeeping. Nothing
ever amounted, other than having one extra free jar of honey to give
away!
 |----end quotes---------------------------------|

Here in California it is not much different, with one big exception,
we (commercial) beekeepers also have to pay for locations to put bees in
many areas in addition to the honey. For example I pay $1000. per year,
for pasture on one of the ranches I use for my bees. In the old days we
gave the rancher a 5 gallon can of honey.

People are funny!

   Years ago a neighbor who also happened to be a state senator gave
me permission to place bee's on one of his ranches. It was 5 miles from
the nearest home, but the bee's could be seen from the road which was
the main highway between Monterey and Salinas. Bee's had been on this
ranch for 35 years before I came along and it once was the home of a
old time beekeepers who even had small honey house and a roadside stand
to sell his honey. In the day's of the model T this was real rural
pasture lands, and people would make a day of it to travel out to the
bee man's to pick up a can of honey.

   The fun begin the first year when a woman who lived 16 miles away
complained to the land owner that she knew someone who knew someone who
was allergic to bee's and lived in a new subdivision about five miles
away. And she though he, the state senator, should get a law passed to
outlaw the keeping of bee's. She did not know that the bee's were on his
property. The next year I put the bee's out of sight from the roadway
and kept them there for years as the new home's moved withing a hundred
yards and never had a complaint or problem.

   A few years later one of the SF Bay area counties had a bill in the
state senate to outlaw the keeping of bee's in their county and regulate
all the rest of the bee's to non populated areas of the state. I was
still a green horn and naive about politics, but wanted to do my part,
so I agreed to testify for young people who keep bee's as a 4-H project
as I once had done that myself only a few years before.

   I made the trip to the state capitol in Sacramento and because I was
the youngest, the older beekeepers said I could testify first. Little
did I know that I was to be a wiping boy and sacrificial lamb. I was
pounded by the senators on the agriculture committee. I was made to feel
like a member of a outlaw industry and was treated like a low down
criminal who if was not robbing bees would be engaged in so other
criminal activity. I could say nothing that was not attacked in a
chilling personal way by the senator who was pushing the bill and his
allies. I was degraded for wanting to be a professional beekeeper. I
held my ground, and held back the tears, I did not fight with words and
only presented the facts as I knew them. I finally was finished and with
much relief moved to the back of the room as others gave their
testimonies. It was the longest hour of my life and I was mortally
wounded, ashamed to be a beekeeper and only wanted the hearing to end
and as I sat in silence knowing what a mistake I had made by just being
there. Nothing could prepare a person for what I saw and experienced
that day my first experience of many to come with our political system.

   The attack continued into the afternoon, it got so bad at one
point, that one of the outstanding beekeepers of the time had to be
physically restrained as tempers flared. I heard the mealy mouth
testimony of the bureaucrats in charge of regulating bee's, and the
university types who would sell their mothers to enhance their own
standing. It was five o'clock and the hearing had lasted four hours more
then it was scheduled, I wanted to get away from there as quick as
possible, and surely would never tell anyone I had ever been there.

   My friend the state senators time had come to close the hearing,
he was chairman of the Agriculture Committee at the time and in real
dairyman. He spent the next thirty minutes attacking the bill and the
position of his fellow senators, the regulators, and the university.
When he was done and before he adjourned the meeting he apologized on
the record to me personally for the treatment I had received from his
fellow senators, and told them all, that anytime I wanted a place to
pasture bee's on his land I was welcome. He did not let on that I
already had bee's there and had so for several years.

   To end this story, the Bill failed, but that did not stop the
different counties in California from passing their own regulations
pertaining to the keeping of bee's, and many have done that. After the
hearing broke up a legislator who I did not know walked over to me and
introduced himself. He told me that he appreciated my efforts and what
I had to say interested him. He too apologized for the treatment given
me by his fellow legislators and said even though he was not on the
agriculture committee, "not to worry, if I ever needed any help with bee
laws that he would be happy to help and there were other way's to get
things done". (meaning politics of a higher order then what went on in
that committee). I also was approached by a political reporter who like
the way I had handled myself under fire and wrote a story for his
newspaper about the beekeepers. This reporter later became a lobbyist,
and was my friend, and a friend of the beekeepers for many years after
and was able to teach me some things that I have used with the help of
other beekeepers to make things happen for California beekeepers in no
small way, and for all US beekeepers, indemnification for pesticide
loss, and de-regulation of beekeepers stand out in my memory.

   And yes, I strayed off the original subject again but will end
with, that a few years later for the price of 4 one pound jars of
California Honey per legislator I was able to get a bill passed that
honored California Beekeepers and to speak with the Governor after he
signed the bill and I had used up my fifteen minutes of, fame pictures
and all. And later one on one for the most of an hour, alone in his
office, eating all his licorice jelly beans from the big jar always on
his desk, because he did not favor licorice jelly beans and like to
talk bee's, pollen and horses, some comments a little rank to repeat
even here.

I had no idea that he would go on to be the president of the United
States, and that he would see that I was appointed as a commodity
advisor to the University of California, the first and last one ever
representing the beekeeping industry. A story for another time. But
today when you shake my hand, you do shake the hand that shook the hand
of the man who many believe was one of our better modern day presidents.
Err, well at lest the Republicans do.
                                         ttul Andy-

PS/ Don't feel bad about anything you have read here about mistreatment
    of a young beekeeper, this old beekeepers has paid back many, many
    times for the mistreatment felt at the time, which only was the
    normal treatment researved for anyone who dared to enter the
    underworld of politics from the grass roots, man or boy....



(c)Reproduction rights, granted.
Opinions are not necessarily facts.
Check your facts.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Mar  8 23:18:23 EST 1995
Article: 1437 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!beenet!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: honey 4sale Finland
Date: Fri,  3 Mar 1995 05:00:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950303074821986@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS (209)826-8107
Distribution: world
Lines: 19        

originally in conference WN-BEENET on WILDBEES (WILD BEE'S BBS)
and was forwarded to you by ANDY NACHBAUR
                    ----------------------------------------
Hi Andy, how are you


Hi andy!
i am indrested to honey marketing in usa. could you help me take to contact
to somebady.



ÄÄÄ¿
   ÀÄÄÄ> Best regards from Petri Juutilainen

___ Terminate 1.50/Pro
 * Origin: Petri Juutilainen, BeeCenter-Finland-BeeNet (240:2358/103)
---
 þ wcGATE 4.1 ÷ Wildnet (tm) þ Modem Addictus þ Knoxville, Tn þ 617-579-5094


From lbjostad@lamar.colostate.edu Wed Mar  8 23:18:25 EST 1995
Article: 1438 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!news.cs.indiana.edu!purdue!yuma!usenet
From: Lou Bjostad <lbjostad@lamar.colostate.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Pictures Needed!
Date: 5 Mar 1995 20:55:19 GMT
Organization: Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO  80523
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>   I'm doing an multimedia-introduction to Bees and Beekeeping 
> and am looking for .GIFs and .JPGs of BEES!

See the Colorado State University WWW site for links to many 
sources of bee photos.  The address is:

http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/ent.html




From wolfensten@aol.com Wed Mar  8 23:18:26 EST 1995
Article: 1439 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: wolfensten@aol.com (Wolfensten)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Supplies
Date: 6 Mar 1995 19:22:54 -0500
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I need the address for Dadant (Dadent?) beekeeping supplies, or any other
companies.  Thanks

Jeff


From markvam@aol.com Fri Mar 10 00:44:22 EST 1995
Article: 1440 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: markvam@aol.com (MarkVam)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Supplies
Date: 7 Mar 1995 11:31:35 -0500
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Phone number for Dadant is (217) 847-3324.
Another source for beekeeping supplies is Brushy Mountain at
1-800-BEESWAX.


From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Fri Mar 10 00:44:23 EST 1995
Article: 1441 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Foundation Press
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In John Vivian's book "Keeping Bees", he discribes building a 
wax foundation press. John uses a sheet of factory made foundation to form 
the face of the die. He uses a mastic called "Wood Putty".
Always looking for another project and having several pounds
of rendered bee's wax around, I tried to make one.
Instead of using a sheet of foundation, I used a "one-piece plastic" frame/
foundation as my postive.  I used PAM as a releasing agent.  
I made up a smaller wooden frame to fit inside the plastic frame.
I made a mold of both sides. I attached the two
halves together using hinges, with one of the dies offset about 1/32
of an inch which caused them to line up perfectly.
Following John's directions, I melted some wax, poured it onto the mold
and slammed it shut.  Well it took a couple of tries before I got the 
feel for it. After several attempts, I finally had one 
come out "good enough". However, the water putty mold isn't holding up. 
After making a few, the mold is starting to come apart. 
I was thinking about using "Bondo" or maybe even fiberglass and resin.
I was wondering if anyone else has attempted this and what did they use
as a mastic.
BTW: I'm a blue blood yankee, so it has to be cheap!




From owen@rsnz.govt.nz Fri Mar 10 00:44:25 EST 1995
Article: 1442 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.starnet.net!wupost!waikato!comp.vuw.ac.nz!watsonathome.rsnz.govt.nz!user
From: owen@rsnz.govt.nz (Owen Watson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Your help needed to protect Hawai'i's honey bees
Date: Wed, 08 Mar 1995 23:08:08 +1200
Organization: Royal Society of New Zealand
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> > together with risk assessment studies.  For the lack of information of
> > Hawaii's inventory of bee pathogens, it is difficult to consider NZ
> > transshipments as a bonafide health risk to Hawaiian bees at this time.
> ...

It may have been pointed out before, but NZ's bees are probably healthier
than a lot of others, as we ban both bee and honey imports. (for disease
rather than local industry protection).
_______________________________________________
Owen Watson, The Royal Society of New Zealand
Web server: http://www.rsnz.govt.nz/


From Maarten.vanHelden@medew.ento.wau.nl Fri Mar 10 00:44:26 EST 1995
Article: 1443 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Maarten.vanHelden@medew.ento.wau.nl (Maarten van Helden)
Newsgroups: news.announce.newgroups,news.groups,news.groups,sci.agriculture.beekeeping,sci.bio,sci.bio.ecology,sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera,sci.bio.ethology
Subject: RFD: sci.bio.entomology.misc
Followup-To: news.groups
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu news.announce.newgroups:5518 news.groups:113453 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1443 sci.bio:21842 sci.bio.ecology:10064 sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera:663 sci.bio.ethology:1719

                        REQUEST FOR DISCUSSION

This is a formal request for discussion (RFD) for the creation of a
newsgroup on general entomology and related issues.  All discussion
of the proposed new group should take place in the news.groups Usenet
newsgroup.  Interested parties unable to read news.groups should
contact the principal proponent, Maarten van Helden.

Unmoderated group sci.bio.entomology.misc

Newsgroup line:
sci.bio.entomology.misc		General entomology and related issues.

Proposer: Maarten van Helden <Maarten.vanHelden@MEDEW.ENTO.WAU.NL>
Co-proposers:
	Yvan Rahbe <rahbe@jouy.inra.fr>
	Lou Bjostad <lbjostad@lamar.ColoState.EDU>
	Rod Crawford <puffinus@carson.u.washington.edu>
	Peter Rauch <peterr@violet.berkeley.edu>
	Christopher Majka <Nextug@ac.dal.ca>
Mentor: Ed Bailey <bailey@hagar.ph.utexas.edu>


This RFD is being issued in concordance with the guidelines set in
the "How to create a new usenet newsgroup" FAQ regularly posted to
news.announce.newgroups. Please refer to this article if you have any
questions about newsgroup creation.

This is not a call for votes.  Please do not vote now.

CHARTER:

Discussion, news, and queries concerning the study of insects and other
(non-marine) arthropods not covered in more specialised newsgroups.
The newsgroup is meant to cover a wide variety of entomological topics,
including postings about arachnology, myriapodology and other studies
with affinities to entomology.

Sci.bio.entomology.misc is *NOT* intended as a forum for the buying
and selling of insect specimens nor for the advertising of commercial
products and services. However, it is permissible to use the newsgroup
to post brief comments with pointers to addresses where readers can
obtain information about such products. All participants are expected
to respect the environment and the law. Efforts to encourage trespassing
or to subvert conservation laws are *NOT* welcome on this newsgroup.

Communication will be welcomed from all those interested in entomology,
including serious amateurs as well as professionals and students, since
these groups have much to contribute to one another and are in need of
better communication channels.  We hope that through interest and
involvement by participants, documents of Frequently Asked Questions
(FAQs) will in time be developed on many topics of interest to
participants and the general public.

Though intended mainly for communication among entomologists, some
queries from the general public are to be expected; those which can
be answered will be answered politely.


RATIONALE:

Entomology (the study of insects) is the focus of numerous organizations
and people, both professional and amateur, all over the world.
Entomology is a highly diversified field in which most workers, however
specialised their research, retain an interest in other entomological
topics.  It is also one of the few scientific fields in which amateurs
can still make important contributions.

The sci.bio.entomology.misc newsgroup is intended for all general
entomological postings.  There are also some specialised newsgroups
(e.g. sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera) and entomological listservers.
The charter of sci.bio.entomology.misc includes consideration that
existing or future non-newsgroups/lists dedicated to entomological
topics may be gated to/from a suitable sci.bio.entomology subgroup.

Since sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera passed its vote just a few months
ago, there is a pre-existing sci.bio.entomology hierarchy.  "Big 7"
standards require that the general discussion groups for hierarchies
end with .misc, so sci.bio.entomology.misc is the recommended group
name.  The proponents sympathize with those who would prefer a shorter
name, e.g. sci.bio.entomology.

The newsgroup should be unmoderated, since the subject matter of
entomology is not highly contentious in any event, and the mandate
of the newsgroup as presented in the charter is sufficiently
encompassing that moderation was not deemed necessary. We would
like to encourage wide participation in the newsgroup. It is unlikely
that inappropriate postings will be a serious problem.

If sufficient interest and volume of traffic should develop on one
taxon (e.g. Coleoptera, bees, etc.) or subfield (e.g. economic
entomology), there is provision within the sci.bio.entomology.*
structure for further newsgroup creation to accommodate more
specialized interests.  Creation of such additional newsgroups would
not change the mandate of sci.bio.entomology.misc but would merely
allow the creation of additional forums for more detailed discussions
among students of certain insect taxa or subject areas.

PROCEDURE:

Please post any responses to this message to news.groups.  If you
use the followup feature on your newsreader, this should happen
automatically but please double-check anyway.  All discussion about
the merits of this proposal should occur on news.groups.

Unless the discussion indicates a need to resubmit a new RFD, a call
for votes (CFV) will be posted approximately four weeks after the
posting of this RFD.  Please do not post any votes.  When the CFV is
posted, instructions will be given on how to mail your votes to the
independent vote counter.

DISTRIBUTION:

This RFD will be posted to news.announce.newgroups and then
cross-posted to the following:

    news.groups, sci.agriculture.beekeeping, sci.bio, sci.bio.ecology,
    sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera, sci.bio.ethology

It is also being sent to these mailing lists:

    entomo-l@uoguelph.ca
    bee-l@albnyvm1.bitnet
    socinsct@albnyvm1.bitnet
    taxacom@cmsa.berkeley.edu
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When Call For Votes (CFV) is issued, it will also be cross-posted in
these groups and mailing lists.

A copy of this RFD can also be found via WWW at:
http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/sbemrfd.html
gopher://yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU:70/00/ON/ACADEMIC/AGSCI/ENTOMOLO/sbemrfd.txt

and on Gopher at Colorado State University (yuma.acns.colostate.edu)
under menus as follows:

On Campus> Academic> College of Agric. Sci.> Entomology> sbemrfd.txt


From NDSN68A@prodigy.com Fri Mar 10 15:07:38 EST 1995
Article: 1444 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!swiss.ans.net!prodigy.com!usenet
From: NDSN68A@prodigy.com (Bob Stjohn)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Your help needed to protect Hawai'i's honey bees
Date: 10 Mar 1995 01:24:49 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
Lines: 9
Distribution: world
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NZ bees may be vry healthy but we are told that they do have pathogens 
and/or paracites that are not fpound in Hawaii. If they have been 
developing in such a closed environment They may be very dangerous to our 
Hawaiian bees which have been developing in a separate closed environment.
 
We do not want to take that chance.

Bob St. John ndsn68a@prodigy.com



From NDSN68A@prodigy.com Fri Mar 10 15:07:39 EST 1995
Article: 1445 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: NDSN68A@prodigy.com (Bob Stjohn)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Your help needed to protect Hawai'i's honey bees
Date: 10 Mar 1995 01:26:44 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
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NZ bees may be vry healthy but we are told that they do have pathogens 
and/or paracites that are not fpound in Hawaii. If they have been 
developing in such a closed environment They may be very dangerous to our 
Hawaiian bees which have been developing in a separate closed environment.
 
We do not want to take that chance.

Bob St. John ndsn68a@prodigy.com

As I was watching this being posted I noticed several galring typing 
errors and I apologize.
-
  BOB STJOHN  NDSN68A@prodigy.com




From bvictor@alexandria.lib.utah.edu Sat Mar 11 21:39:25 EST 1995
Article: 1446 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bvictor@alexandria.lib.utah.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Need info on bee venom therapy
Date: Thu, 9 Mar 1995 20:09:20 +1000
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Hi I am a student at Sam Houston State University. I am writing a paper about 
bee venom therapy and would like to know if anyone can help me out. I need 
scholarly journal articles and or books about the subject. I do not have 
access to News groups so if you don't mind, please email me with your response.

stddgm@SHSU.edu


Thank you from the bottom of my bee stung heart.

Grady "Early Grace" Mangum

Brian R. Victor                                /\_/\
University of Utah                            /.....\_
bvictor@alexandria.lib.utah.edu             /........ /^\
                                           |::::::::/.....\
 "Ya na ene yo ... Navajo nishlii"         |::::::/::::::: /\
         -pollen song                     _|::::_|:::::::_/::\_


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Sat Mar 11 21:39:26 EST 1995
Article: 1447 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Foundation Press
Date: 10 Mar 1995 09:03:28 GMT
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-verville d.f. (mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com) wrote:
: In John Vivian's book "Keeping Bees", he discribes building a 
: wax foundation press. John uses a sheet of factory made foundation to form 
: the face of the die. He uses a mastic called "Wood Putty".

d.f., 

I've seen this book and thought about building one of these things - but 
haven't gotten around to it yet.  In thinking about it though, I was 
wondering if one couldn't use two pieces of plastic foundation as the 
actual press-faces, rather than making them out of plaster and 
putty....  What do you think?

Dave


From @brandonu.ca Sat Mar 11 21:39:28 EST 1995
Article: 1448 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Cleaning beeswax crafts
Message-ID: <1995Mar9.121954.86@news.brandonu.ca>
From: <Michael Lewis> (Life Sciences Lab)
Date: 9 Mar 95 12:19:54 CST
Reply-To: $lewis@brandonu.ca
Organization: Brandon University
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 Recently, a church in our area found a nativity scene made out of beeswax.
The person that found it believes that the set is very old,and it is generally
in good condition except that it was stored were it got dirty and some stains
due to water. My family makes beeswax crafts so the church asked us how to clean
the wax. They had already tried scrubbing with soap and water, but this was not 
effective. We could not think of any other suggestions, as we have never tried to
clean wax before. 
  If anyone has any suggestions for cleaning the wax, I would appreciate it. The
church wants very badly to save this antique, but just can't seem to get it clean.

 
Michael Lewis, Brandon University Zoology Dept.


From stevo@imap2.asu.edu Sat Mar 11 21:39:30 EST 1995
Article: 1449 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: stevo@imap2.asu.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Supplies
Date: Wed, 8 Mar 1995 10:51:58 -0700
Organization: Arizona State University
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On 6 Mar 1995, Wolfensten wrote:

> I need the address for Dadant (Dadent?) beekeeping supplies, or any other
> companies.  Thanks
> 
> Jeff
> 
> 
Following is a list of sources for bees, books, and equipment excerpted 
from an article published by Organic Gardening (Dec 1994) magazine:

Equipment:

The A. I. Root Co.
PO Box 706
Medina, OH  44258
(800) 289-7668
(Free Catalog)

Brushy Mountain Bee Farm Inc.
Route 1, Box 135
Moravian Falls, NC  28654
(800) 233-7929
(Free Catalog)

Dadant & Sons
51 S. Second St.
Hamilton, IL  62341
(217) 847-3324
(Free Catalog)

Jones and Son Ltd.
44 Dutch St.
Bedford, PQ
Canada JOJ 1AO
(514) 248-3323
(Also sells package bees; catalog $2 Canadian--refundable)

Walter T. Kelly Co.
3107 Elizabethtown Road
Clarkson, KY  42726
(502) 242-2012
(Free Catalog)

Western Bee Supplies Inc.
P.O. Box 171
Polson, MT  59860
(800) 548-8440
Canada and Montana call (406) 883-2918
(Free Catalog)


Package Bees:

C.F. Koehnen & Sons Inc.
3131 Highway 45
Glenn, CA  95943
(Free Price List)

Rossman Apiaries Inc.
P.O. Box 905
Moultrie, GA  31776
(Also sells equipment; free catalog)

Hope this helps.
Steven.


From jcooper@infinet.com Sat Mar 11 21:39:32 EST 1995
Article: 1450 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!malgudi.oar.net!infinet!jcooper
From: jcooper@infinet.com (Joseph Cooper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: beeswax extracting press
Date: 10 Mar 1995 15:16:29 GMT
Organization: InfiNet
Lines: 13
Message-ID: <3jpqgd$fic@horus.infinet.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rigel.infinet.com
Keywords: beeswax; press
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

One of my beekeeping friends has a lot more time on his hands than I.  
Most likely, this is because he is not yet on the Net.  At any rate, he 
has had time to imagine that he wants to build a press to reclaim beeswax.  
He has the skills and the equipment and (as I've said) the time to do 
some pretty complicated things.  He is looking for plans and suggestions 
for building a wax press.

Please reply to this newsgroup, with a copy to my email box.

*************************     
*     Joseph Cooper     *      
*  jcooper@infinet.com  *
*************************


From nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk Sat Mar 11 21:39:33 EST 1995
Article: 1451 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uknet!strath-cs!st-and!nrp
From: nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey, Frozen Chicken & Beef
Date: 10 Mar 1995 14:10:40 GMT
Organization: University Of St. Andrews
Lines: 48
Message-ID: <3jpml0$kpq@calvin.st-and.ac.uk>
References: <950227170154954@beenet.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: honey.st-andrews.ac.uk

In article <950227170154954@beenet.com>,
Andy Nachbaur <andy.nachbaur@beenet.com> wrote:
...
>   Hello Norman,
>
>     I sometimes forget that this is an international news group
>and others may not be interested in what a few US beekeepers may
>be interested in. Sorry about that.
>
>     What are you interested in or whats going on in the UK with
>the bees?
>                        ttul Andy-

Andy:

No apology needed!  I wasn't flaming; I was puzzled about the
original message.  Are you saying that US beekeepers -are-
interested in the prices per metric tonne of Chinese honey, US
chicken, or Mongolian beef?  If so, why?  I am curious.  I had
thought that the prices post was just noise, but your reply
suggests not.

As for beekeeping here in the UK: I am in Fife, Scotland.  We
don't have varroa here yet, though no doubt it will arrive in due
course.  Winter's not over, but we have occasional warm days.

My own setup is very small.  I keep up to 4 hives in my garage
(lock-up?) with a tunnel to let the bees out.  This keeps the
garage clear of bees and gives me a place to store stuff just
where I need it.  I usually combine my hives for wintering, and
split them up in the spring (the hope being that this will reduce
swarming - some hope).  I don't get a lot of honey by commercial
standards, but I sell the excess to the local baker at 1.30
pounds per half pound, which is not at all bad.  (The baker makes
his own bread and our two products go together Most Excellently!)

This year I have made myself some mead, as an experiment.  It
takes 12-18 months to mature, so I'll have to wait a while for the
results.

I must confess to being cowardly with regard to being stung.  My
aim is to have as little to do with the workers as I can, and I
wonder about ways of inspecting the hive with an endoscope or
similar.  But I do care for them: they work themselves to death,
and I steal their lifes' work.  Still, they get good living
conditions!

-Norman


From sml.sml@posnet.co.uk Sat Mar 11 21:39:35 EST 1995
Article: 1452 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!swrinde!pipex!penny.ibmpcug.co.uk!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!posnet!sml.sml
From: sml.sml@posnet.co.uk (Sml Sml)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bear fencing
Date: Mon, 27 Feb 1995 14:00:28 GMT
Message-ID: <950308230006230@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 45        

Hi Lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu, how are you

09-Feb-95 17:32, Lutton@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu wrote to All
          Subject:bear fencing?

 L> Could someone with experiance
 L> comment on the effectivness of this info or direct me to
some better?
 


In Finland brown bears have robbed honey and bees from bee
colonies over ten years. We have about 45 000 bee colonies and
in 1994 we lost 109 colonies to bears. The loss was about 220
000 FIM. We have 600 - 1000 bears in Finland. If we do not have
the electrical fencing the loss could be many times higher.

In three seasons we have used electrical fencing by three
electric wire, battery (rechargeable, 70 AH) and two different
energisers trade marks: Olli 16A (Finnish) and Gallegher B 150.
Some have also used 220 V input energiser.

The beekeepers who have uset electrical fencing have in most
cases avoided losses afterwards. In some cases bears have
damaged the colonies because the battery was empty or bears have
gone under the wires via ditch. Some bears try to dig under the
wires but if you place one colony in the middle between posts at
« - 1 m from wires they left the posts free and do not succeed
damaging colonies.



              


ÄÄÄ¿
   ÀÄÄÄ> Best regards from Pekka Peltotalo
                            Sml Sml

--- Terminate 1.42b/Pro
 * Origin: Finnish Beekeepers' Association    BeeNet (240:2358/102)


From durk.ellison@posnet.co.uk Sat Mar 11 21:39:36 EST 1995
Article: 1453 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: durk.ellison@posnet.co.uk (Durk Ellison)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Queen Test
Date: Sat,  4 Mar 1995 15:01:41 GMT
Message-ID: <950308230006231@posnet.co.uk>
Organization: Positive Place
Distribution: world
Lines: 203       

=============================================================================
* Forwarded by Durk Ellison (240:2358/100)
* Area : QUEENBR.BIN
* From : Sml Sml, 240:2358/102 (01-Mar-95  09:28:19)
* To   : All
* Subj : Queen test
=============================================================================
@MSGID: 240:2358/102 fcf2c6e3
@PID: TerMail 1.42 PROFESSIONAL

Hi All, how are you

Queen Breeding Comparison, Harvest season: 1994  
-!------------------------------------------------------------- 
written by: P. Peltotalo, SML - Finnish Beekeepers' Association
-!------------------------------------------------------------- 

The Finnish Beekeepers' Association's queen breeding comparison
test results of 1994. The supplied queens were placed in their
respective hives in the late summer of 1993. Their individual
preformence were observed and logged at the Finnish Beekeepers'
Association's (SML) queen breeding station throughout the summer
of 1994. The study will be continued into the next summer and
new groups will be accepted for study after this. Queens for the
next study should be supplied at the end of the summer of this
year (1995). According to the agreement with the participating
queen breeders, the results of the testing that has been done
free of charge are public. The suppliers of the queens can
choose up to six queens to be studied. Even though only three or
four queens where supplied from some of the queen breeders, the
study has given a fair amount of information. Notice the changes
within the groups (see chart). CRITERIA: The criteria for the
continuing study has been established as, swarming tendency,
calmness, gentleness and tendency to catch disease which are
graded on a scale of from 1 to 5, where 5 is the best. The
grading, in practice, has been done by Master Beekeeper
Stanislav Honko MS, director of the Finnish Beekeepers'
Association's Queen Breeding station located at Jokioinen,
Finland. 

The Index, comparison figure, has been equated by emphasizing
the following abilities: 

swarming      15% 
calmness       5% 
gentleness     5% 
health        15% 
honey harvest 60% 

The calculations have been done by using the HoneyWin -program.
By measuring the capped brood coverage area during the period of
from 14.6 to 17.6.1993, and the average honey harvest (see
graph). The measurement could be then be used as an advance
pruning system before the final honey harvest. The hive groups
marked A - D have been formed from bees that had been previously
tested at the station. The hive groups have been placed in the
chart, so that the best results are listed first. 

Queen Breeding comparison, Harvest season: 1994 
The Finnish Beekeepers' Association -  HoneyWin-program 

APIARY    HIVE     QUEEN   H%    ID     PA    SP    LA    RA    TA         
    
       S/N
-!------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Palom„ki (Italian)   queens  6 ea. Queen index = 110,5 
Myllynkul 91       SP5-93  129.1 120.5   4.0   2.9   4.0   4.5   5.0 
Myllynkul 75       SP6-93  149.2 136.6   5.0   2.7   4.5   4.5   5.0 
Ven„j„    38       SP4-93  109.6 102.3   3.0   2.9   3.5   3.5   5.0 
Ven„j„    10       SP2-93  116.6 111.7   4.0   2.4   4.0   4.0   5.0 
Ven„j„    11       SP3-93   91.0  93.9   3.0   2.2   4.5   4.5   5.0 
Ven„j„    6        SP1-93   93.3  97.7   4.0   2.5   4.0   4.0   5.0
-!------------------------------------------------------------------ 
LundŠn (Buckfast)    queens  5 ea. Queen index = 106.9 
J„rvensuo 78       JL14-93   97.3  99.3   5.0   2.5   3.5   3.0   5.0 
J„rvensuo 77       JL13-93  120.6 112.0   4.0   2.8   4.0   4.0   5.0 
Siro      85       JL15-93  103.0 102.3   4.5   2.7   3.5   4.0   5.0 
Ven„j„    69       JL12-93  114.3 106.8   4.0   2.1   2.5   3.0   5.0 
Ven„j„    3        JL11-93  119.0 114.1   5.0   2.3   3.0   3.0   5.0
-!------------------------------------------------------------------- 
A.m. mellifera x Carniolan   queens  3 ea. Queen index = 101.4 
Kuuma     54        131/93  100.0 100.0   5.0   2.9   2.5   3.0   5.0
Vuoltu    90        134/93  105.1 101.8   4.0   2.8   3.0   3.0   5.0 
Vuoltu    39        133/93  111.4 102.3   3.0   3.1   3.5   3.0   5.0
-!------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Group D (Italian)   queens  5 ea. Queen index = 100.9 
J„rvensuo 92         71/93   95.3  96.1   4.0   2.3   3.5   4.0   5.0 
J„rvensuo 72         70/93   85.6  91.2   5.0   2.6   4.0   4.0   4.0 
Kangas    67         76/93  108.2 104.8   4.0   1.8   3.0   3.5   5.0 
Kangasnie 14         73/93  120.5 111.4   4.0   2.4   4.0   3.5   5.0 
Kangasnie 7          MS/93  102.3 101.1   4.0   1.7   4.0   4.0   5.0
-!------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Carniolan x Italian  queens  3 ea. Queen index = 100.3 
Kotisuo   65        150/93  101.9 101.3   4.0   2.5   3.0   3.0   5.0 
Kotisuo   47        148/93   88.5  93.9   4.0   2.0   3.5   3.0   5.0 
Kotisuo   28        151/93  105.8 105.8   4.0   3.1   4.0   3.5   5.0
-!------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Miesvirta (Carniolan)  queens  5 ea. Queen index =  98.8 
Kangas    50       PM20-93  112.2 104.7   3.5   3.1   3.0   3.0   5.0 
Kangas    37       PM19-93   79.6  90.5   5.0   2.2   3.0   3.0   5.0 
Kotisuo   30       PM18-93   88.5  93.4   3.5   2.9   4.0   3.5   5.0 
Kotisuo   19       PM17-93  100.0 100.3   3.5   3.2   4.0   3.5   5.0 
Kotisuo   9        PM16-93  115.4 105.3   3.0   3.3   3.0   3.0   5.0
-!------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Group A (Italian)  queens  4 ea. Queen index =  97.2 
J„rvensuo 71        103/93  101.2 101.3   4.5   2.6   3.5   4.0   5.0 
Kangasnie 33         86/93   59.1  78.0   5.0   2.1   3.5   4.0   5.0 
Kangasnie 41         87/93  118.2 111.7   4.5   2.6   3.5   4.0   5.0 
Kangasnie 12         83/93  100.0  97.7   4.0   2.6   3.5   3.0   5.0
-!------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Group B (Italian)  queens  4 ea. Queen index =  93.7 
Myllynkul 21        108/93  114.8 107.8   3.0   3.0   4.0   4.0   5.0 
Urpola    48        109/93  100.0 100.0   4.5   1.6   4.5   4.0   5.0 
Uusi      56        128/93  100.0 100.0   5.0   1.6   4.0   4.0   5.0 
Ven„j„    4         107/93   46.6  67.1   5.0   0.7   4.0   4.0   3.0
-!------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Group C (Italian)  queens  4 ea. Queen index =  91.0 
Myllynkul 17        145/93   63.1  72.8   4.0   2.4   4.0   4.0   3.0 
Siro      43        140/93   97.0  97.7   4.0   2.4   4.0   4.0   5.0 
Ven„j„    89        141/93  109.6 106.1   4.0   1.5   3.5   3.5   5.0 
Vuoltu    25        143/93   69.0  87.4   5.0   1.6   4.5   4.0   5.0
-!------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Meaning of symbols:    
H%     -      honey harvest: %-of the apiaries' average harvest    
ID     -      rearing index    
PA     -      swarming tendency    
SP     -      brood coverage area result    
LA     -      gentleness    
RA     -      calmness    
TA     -      susceptibility to diseases (chalkbrood and 
               European foulbrood)                                       

                                          Number of  
           Race                           Queens        Index
_________________________________________________________________ 
Palom„ki   Italian.                       6             110.5 
Lunden     Buckfast                       5             106.9 
PxKr       A.m. mellifera x Carniolan     3             101.4 
Group D    Italian                        5             100.9 
KrxI       Carniolan x Italian            3             100.3 
Miesvirta  Carniolan                      5             98.8 
Group A    Italian                        4             97.2 
Group B    Italian                        4             93.7 
Group C    Italian                        4             91.0
-!---------------------------------------------------------------    

Capped Brood area and honey harvest correlation          
Finnish Beekeepers' Association's            
Queen Breeding Station
1994 Jokioinen, Finland       

Honey harvest (% apiary average)   
160 ³----------------------------------³       
    ³                          .       ³     This graph is as accurate   
140 ³                                  ³     as I could reproduce it       
    ³                            .     ³     given the limitations of   
120 ³                      .. . .    . ´     ASCII. For a more accurate    
  
    ³              . ..  .      ....   ³     rendition see the Finnish   
100 ³             . ...    .....   ..  ³     Beekeepers Magazine       
    ³                   . .  .   .     ³     "Mehil„inen 1,1995 vol:12"    
80  ³            .        .   .        ³       
    ³               .                  ³     The average can be shown    
60  Ã           .        .  .          ³     by drawing a line between       
    ³                                  ³     62 on the right and 119 on    
40  ³      .                           ³     the left.       
    ³                                  ³    
20  ³                                  ³       
    ³                                  ³     
0   ³----------------------------------³           
    0.5   1   1.5   2   2.5   3   3.5         
    Capped brood area (per/frame side)
-!------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Please address your inquires to: 
SML SML  Beenet 240:2358/102  att. P. Peltotalo               
               and/or 
Pekka Peltotalo  Beenet 240:2358/12
.Via 240:2358/101 @19950227.144527 GEcho 1.11+
ÄÄÄ¿
   ÀÄÄÄ> Best regards from Sml Sml

-!- Terminate 1.42b/Pro
 - Origin: Finnish Beekeepers' Association    BeeNet (240:2358/102)
SEEN!BY: 245/100 2358/12 100 101 102 103 104 105 108 109
@PATH: 2358/101
=============================================================================
Hi All,

ÄÄÄ¿
   ÀÄÄÄ> Best regards from,
                              Durk Ellison.

..... Written offline on  4-Mar-1995 at 15:01 Hrs

.!. BEEKEEPERS DO IT with their HONEY on BeeNet

--- Terminate 1.51/Pro
 * Origin: Durk Ellison        BeeNet     Finland (240:2358/100)


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Sat Mar 11 21:39:39 EST 1995
Article: 1454 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Foundation Press
Date: 11 Mar 1995 12:11:17 GMT
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Whups, I should have taken a closer look at the plastic foundation before 
assuming that it might make a suitable press face; it's NOT as I assumed 
from quick glances at it years ago (I don't like the stuff since it needs 
a pretty heavy honeyflow to get the bees to draw it out) simply a set of 
triangles pressed into the plastic (which is what some of my wax foundation 
essentially is).  Rather, it has very pronounced cell rims raised out of 
a *flat* plastic sheet.  Thanks to Dave Alexander for pointing this out.

Dave


From vaq@ornl.gov Sat Mar 11 21:39:42 EST 1995
Article: 1455 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: vaq@ornl.gov
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Foundation Press
Date: Fri, 10 Mar 1995 17:58:02 GMT
Organization: Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN
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In article <D55FGG.28s@nntpa.cb.att.com> mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.) writes:

>In John Vivian's book "Keeping Bees", he discribes building a 
>wax foundation press. John uses a sheet of factory made foundation to form 
>the face of the die. He uses a mastic called "Wood Putty".
 However, the water putty mold isn't holding up. 
>After making a few, the mold is starting to come apart. 


Bondo might work well.  Please post results if you try it.  How 'bout plaster 
of paris with screen wire embedded as a strengthener and coated w/ a lacquer.


From owen@rsnz.govt.nz Sun Mar 12 12:42:17 EST 1995
Article: 1456 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: owen@rsnz.govt.nz (Owen Watson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Extractor construction - any new ideas?
Date: Sun, 12 Mar 1995 22:39:45 +1200
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I was thinking about making my own (small) honey extractor and wondered
whether there were any articles etc on new ways of making extractors, eg
* making the shaft horizontal
* making the outside out of a flexible material so the whole thing could fold up
* using one of those Black & Decker Workmates (those portable benches) as bases

etc etc; also anything on the physical requirements (eg what speed is
required to get honet out of the comb?)

Anyone done anything like this?
_______________________________________________
Owen Watson, The Royal Society of New Zealand
Web server: http://www.rsnz.govt.nz/


From jlks@u.washington.edu Sun Mar 12 21:45:24 EST 1995
Article: 1457 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jlks@u.washington.edu (Jordan Schwartz)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Mold?
Date: 12 Mar 1995 21:30:38 GMT
Organization: University of Washington
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The bottom chamber of my hive is plagued by mold.  I have the whole hive 
tilted heavily forward so that the rain doesn't get in, but nevertheless, 
there must be some build-up, because the whitish and greenish mold 
covers the bottom of the frames as well as a scattering of cells.  The 
bees abandoned it altogether and moved upstairs, so I just removed that 
hive body, but I'm worried that I've just made new trouble for the next 
story.  Any suggestions?

Jordan L.K. Schwartz       !  University of Washington
JLKS@U.WASHINGTON.EDU      !  Department of Psychology
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/jordan.html



From bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca Mon Mar 13 11:37:22 EST 1995
Article: 1458 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bill fernihough <bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mold?
Date: 13 Mar 1995 05:44:22 GMT
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I have had mold in weak hives, as you discuss, and most often on old comb
which gives you a good excuse to get rid of it.  Since I started using a
combination of top and bottom entrances in winter, it hasn't been a problem
and maybe caused by just a lack of air ciruclation.  Make some 
allowance for cirulation by opening the top a bit, and that should help.


From bnixon@nbnet.nb.ca Sat Mar 18 22:43:51 EST 1995
Article: 1459 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bnixon@nbnet.nb.ca (Beth Nixon)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Pressure treated lumber
Date: Tue, 14 Mar 1995 13:16:26 AST
Organization: Stone Brook Products
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On Tue, 14 Mar 1995 02:16:35 GMT,  grw@oce210.bwi.wec.com writes:
>
>A friend of mine who is also a bee keeper is using pressuse treated 
>lumber for his bottom boards this year. I don't think that it is a good 
>idea seeing as the whole idea of pressure treated is to keep bugs out of 
>it. Does anyone else have an opinion or facts about this. 
>                                          Gary Welzenbach
Hi Gary!
I will be very interested in what you find out!!  We've thought about pressure
treated lumber for bottom boards, as ours have all rotten.  This year we have
compromised though and have cedar bottom boards, has anyone else tried them?
I know a book I have says that I shouldn't use cedar as although it will not
cause the bees to vacate that it will frustrate them. If anyone  has an
opinion on cedar bottom boards or other wood equipment I'd be interested to
hear any opinions or facts about this!!

Beth Nixon
bnixon@nbnet.nb.ca


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sat Mar 18 22:43:52 EST 1995
Article: 1460 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Pressure treated lumber
Date: 14 Mar 1995 18:04:59 GMT
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In article <950314131626.B5651E@news.nbnet.nb.ca>,
Beth Nixon <bnixon@nbnet.nb.ca> wrote:

>I know a book I have says that I shouldn't use cedar as although it will not
>cause the bees to vacate that it will frustrate them. If anyone  has an
>opinion on cedar bottom boards or other wood equipment I'd be interested to
>hear any opinions or facts about this!!

I have some cedar bottom boards that are awesome!
Cypress is used as material too.

Adam

-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Sat Mar 18 22:43:53 EST 1995
Article: 1461 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Pressure treated lumber
Date: 14 Mar 1995 20:32:01 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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Gary Welzenbach (grw@oce210.bwi.wec.com) wrote:
: A friend of mine who is also a bee keeper is using pressuse treated 
: lumber for his bottom boards this year. I don't think that it is a good 
: idea seeing as the whole idea of pressure treated is to keep bugs out of 
: it. Does anyone else have an opinion or facts about this. 
:                                           Gary Welzenbach


I've used 3/4 exterior grade plywood for two seasons now without 
perceivable ill-effect.  My understanding is that they propolize 
everything anyway...

Dave

P.S.  Keeping the hive off the ground (use bricks or blocks or something) 
will help to minimize rot and insect damage.  



From fgt@cadre.com Sat Mar 18 22:43:54 EST 1995
Article: 1462 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: The Beekeepers of Wadi Du'an
Message-ID: <D5E3E1.FA3@cadre.com>
From: fgt@cadre.com (Fred G. Thurber)
Date: Mon, 13 Mar 1995 17:32:25 GMT
Reply-To: fgt@cadre.com
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	The January-Febuary issue of Aramco World has a wonderful
article about nomadic beekepers in Yemen and their use of 
terracotta hives.  This also describes some of the most exotic,
and most exspensive at $100 or more a comb section, honey
in the world.


---

Frederick Thurber      fgt@cadre.com           

	"I did not think I should ever stand on a platform again
until the time was come for me to say, 'I die innocent...'"

		Mark Twain introducing a letter to Thomas Nash






From mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk Sat Mar 18 22:43:55 EST 1995
Article: 1463 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!hookup!news.mathworks.com!zib-berlin.de!fu-berlin.de!mreddy.comp.glam.ac.UK!not-for-mail
From: mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk (Mike Reddy)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Looking for images and info on 16century Beekeeping!
Date: Tue, 14 Mar 1995 09:37:56 +0000
Organization: Computer Studies, Glamorgan University
Lines: 29
Message-ID: <mreddy-1403950937560001@mreddy.comp.glam.ac.uk>
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X-Access: 16 334 522

Hi! I'm looking for references, images and general info on beekeeping in
the 16th century for a living history display. I've got a few leads from
IBRA and a brilliant bookshop owner in Hay on Wye, but a little Net help
would not go amiss!

Yours Mike Reddy
--
P.S. I would have had a witty signature, but the Government put VAT on it!

Email: mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk OR mreddy@glamorgan.ac.uk
Web (coming soon!): http://sal9000.comp.glam.ac.uk/
Snail Mail: Mike Reddy, J228, Dept. of Computer Studies, University of
Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Mid Glamorgan. CF37 1DL Wales, UK
Tel: +44 (0)443 482 240 Fax: +44 (0)443 482 715

P.P.S. Glamorgan University: Top of the League! Applications up 57% this year!


Yours Mike Reddy
--
P.S. I would have had a witty signature, but the Government put VAT on it!

Email: mreddy@comp.glamorgan.ac.uk OR mreddy@glamorgan.ac.uk
Web (coming soon!): http://sal9000.comp.glam.ac.uk/
Snail Mail: Mike Reddy, J228, Dept. of Computer Studies, University of
Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Mid Glamorgan. CF37 1DL Wales, UK
Tel: +44 (0)443 482 240 Fax: +44 (0)443 482 715

P.P.S. Glamorgan University: Top of the League! Applications up 57% this year!


From ted@dme.nt.gov.au Sat Mar 18 22:43:57 EST 1995
Article: 1464 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!munnari.oz.au!pellew.ntu.edu.au!dewey!ted
From: ted@dme.nt.gov.au
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Heather honey
Date: 15 Mar 1995 00:25:25 GMT
Organization: Northern Territory Department of Mines & Energy
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Distribution: world
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Reply-To: ted@dme.nt.gov.au
NNTP-Posting-Host: dewey.dme.nt.gov.au

Oh, well

Hoping that someone would be able to say something about the availability of
heather honey in Australia was too much to ask for.

With regrets, goodbye.

Ted Findhammer



From tuckey@cpsc.ucalgary.ca Sat Mar 18 22:43:58 EST 1995
Article: 1465 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!spool.mu.edu!torn!news.bc.net!vanbc.wimsey.com!unixg.ubc.ca!rover.ucs.ualberta.ca!news.ucalgary.ca!cpsc.ucalgary.ca!usenet
From: Charles Tuckey <tuckey@cpsc.ucalgary.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Pressure treated lumber
Date: 15 Mar 1995 16:16:14 GMT
Organization: University of Calgary CPSC
Lines: 7
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References: <1995Mar14.021635.15139@tron.bwi.wec.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: gg.cpsc.ucalgary.ca

When I was beekeeping we built hundreds of hives. We surface 
treated every bottom board with a wood perservative (I forget
the name of it now). We didn't have any bee loss problems
arising from this.

charlie



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sat Mar 18 22:43:59 EST 1995
Article: 1466 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!insosf1.infonet.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: _Apis_3/95
Date: 16 Mar 1995 12:24:24 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Summary: March _APIS_
Keywords: apis bee beekeeping sanford honey

Date:         Tue, 14 Mar 1995 18:22:15 -0500
From: "Malcolm (Tom) Sanford,
              Florida Extension Apiculturist" <MTS@IFASGNV.BITNET>
Subject:      March Issue of APIS
 
FILENAME: MARAPIS.95
 
            Florida Extension Beekeeping Newsletter
    Apis--Apicultural Information and Issues (ISSN 0889-3764)
                 Volume 13, Number 3, March 1995
 
      Copyright (c) 1995 M.T. Sanford "All Rights Reserved"
 
                      FOCUS ON POLLINATION
 
     In November 1993, I wrote that commercial pollination might
become a growth industry as more beekeepers abandoned the craft due
to declining profit margins and Varroa mites killing off much of
the wild honey bee population.  Corroboration for this was provided
in the January 1994 APIS, which discussed citrus growers' concerns
about the pollination of certain specialty varieties.  The trend
seems to be continuing as more and more beekeepers are considering
providing this service.
 
     Uniform advice taken from panels at meetings I have attended
is that a quality pollination service takes commitment.  The
beekeeper must always be ready to get bees in and move them out of
fields with very short notice, and some kind of a backup plan
should be in place in the very real case that things go wrong.  One
must also develop a long-term personal relationship based on trust
with the customer.  A key to this is communication.  Successful
pollinators are regularly in contact with customers, even during
the off season.  They send out reminders and make phone calls in
advance of the coming season to try to assess their capabilities
and the growers' needs.   One outfit writes a newsletter that
includes information on a wide variety of topics.
 
     For those thinking of entering the pollination game, it is of
utmost importance to solicit advice from colleagues actively doing
this for a living.  I was happy to see in a recent issue of the
newsletter of the South Carolina Beekeepers Association some
valuable pollination tips by David Green, publisher of the Eastern
Pollinator Newsletter, P.O. Box 1215, Hemingway, SC 29554
 
     "Pollination service is an alternative use of honeybees. You
need to note that word alternative, because, in order to do
pollination, you will have to manage the bees differently, and you
are going to give up some or all of your honey production.
Considering the shape of our markets for honey, and the almost
desperate need of our farmers for more bees, I consider this good
decision. An added advantage is that pollination service is more
consistent from year to year.  Honey production is a much greater
gamble.
 
     "Many beekeepers who are just beginning, think they are going
to keep on making honey, and they do not figure in the added costs,
so they tend to underprice.  With current markets, you cannot do an
adequate job of managing your bees and provide good service for
less than $30-35 per single story hive, per crop.  This is just a
break-even proposition at that price.  The profit comes from doing
more than one crop per season.
 
     "You need to protect yourself (and your customer, as well) by
having a written contract.  The two central points that need to be
addressed are that you will provide good bees, and that the grower
will not hurt them.  Then you can deal with other factors such as
placement, responsibilities, problems that can arise, liabilities,
etc.
 
     "Traditionally pollination service has quantified the bees in
terms of hives.  However, the development is in the direction of
numbers of frames of brood.  Most almond pollination is done this
way today.  I use single story brood chambers and guarantee a
minimum of five frames of brood at placement, and try to average 6
to 6 1/2.  If you use double brood chambers and guarantee, say 12
frames, you should price accordingly (and figure on a forklift to
move them).
 
     "I also guarantee the bees to be healthy and queenright.  They
are treated for varroa mites and foulbrood, and selectively bred
for resistance to tracheal mites, chalkbrood and other diseases.
I agree to open a reasonable number for grower inspection upon
delivery, if requested.  The contract also indicates grower
responsibility to notify me, if there is poor flight, and I agree
to replace hives, if more than 5% are substandard, queenless, or
have foulbrood.
 
     "It would be good to have your grower understand, even if it
is not in the contract, that it is important to have not only a
minimum standard, but a maximum, as well.  An overly strong hive,
especially if it is last year's queen, is likely to swarm, and
swarmy bees do a poor job of pollination, not only after swarming,
but during the week or so ahead, while they are preparing.  The
best pollination is provided by young queens (I figure 80 - 85% of
my queens are this season's) who are laying heavily.  This forces
the bees to do a lot of pollen gathering. Studies show bees who are
deliberately gathering pollen are up to ten times more effective
pollinators that those who are gathering nectar.
 
     "Very important, for your protection, is a liability limit.
Like the seed companies, you cannot guarantee a crop; that depends
on too many factors, so, like them, you should limit your liability
to the price of the contract. I hold growers liable to an agreed
amount for damages to the bees based on things under their control,
such as their employee running over the hives with a disc, or
burning off hedgerows (they have happened to me).  And we split
damages that are outside of grower control, such as bear damage,
trespasser vandalism, etc.  Growers are also responsible to notify
others who are at risk of stings, and they assume liability for
these.
 
     "Placement and timing need to be addressed. The bees need
shade, water, and some sort of stand, (trailer, pallets, old tires,
etc.).  And you may need to be pulled out of a mud hole.
 
     "There are two myths that need to be addressed. (A myth is an
idea with a germ of truth that has become universalized.)  One such
myth is to wait until the bloom has started, because the bees may
get used to working other plants and neglect the crop.  If there is
a lot of other bloom, and the crop you are pollinating is a poor
nectar source, such as pears or kiwi, the principle can apply.  But
our melons, cukes and vine crops bloom when there is little else
available and the bees will work them just fine, even if you put
them in well ahead of bloom.  Suppose it rains for a week, just as
bloom starts and the farm roads are pools of mud. Better placed six
weeks early, than one week late!
 
     "Another myth is to distribute the bees.  Resist the grower
who wants you to place one hive every hundred feet.  You have a
much harder time taking care of them, and protecting them from
fire, etc.  The recommendation to distribute the bees arises from
places where bees are brought in by tractor trailer and to
"distribute" means drop six pallets (24 hives) at each location.
The losses from bumping around a rough field more than offset any
gain that would be made by placing them around the field every so
many feet. Put the bees in a favorable spot with a good road to it.
They will easily cover one half mile. I have studied this a lot!
 
     "The last serious issue to address is pesticide use (or
misuse). The grower should be taught to monitor for foraging bees
as the label requires.  With the newer, non-residual pesticides
that are most often used today, the only protection the bees need
is that the grower not apply during the time bees are actually
foraging.  The grower should understand that compliance with label
directions is required by law and by the contract, and is
sufficient protection for the bees.  Residual pesticides such as
Penncap M, Sevin, or any of the organophosphates should never be
used during bloom.  The label clearly marks them as residual.
 
     "If you ask the growers to notify you before applications, you
will be doing a lot of chasing, and mostly to no avail. I used to
have growers call me.  I'd go, prepared to "protect" the bees, and
the weather would prevent application that day.  How many days do
I need to wait?  Or the grower needs to spray, and I am away for a
few days and he cannot reach me.  Notification does not work for
either beekeepers or growers and those who make pesticide
recommendations have done a great disservice by promoting this as
a way to circumvent compliance with label directions.
 
     "I am aware of a case where a grower died, and his son (and
heir) locked the gates to the farm. He claimed the bees were his
and he was not going to let them go.  A good contract would have
protected the beekeeper.  The beekeeper resorted to a risky
"solution."  He watched the farm, until he noted one of the gates
unlocked, sneaked in at night and got the bees.  Nothing was said,
so he got away with it.  But he could have gotten shot."
 
     Mr. Green kindly offers to send a copy of his contract upon
receipt of a self-addressed stamped envelope (SASE).  I also have
a sample pollination contract (ENY 110) that I will send upon
request.
 
     Information for would-be pollinators is scarce.  Those in bee
research have tended to spend much of their efforts on other
aspects of beekeeping, especially diseases and pathogens.
Unfortunately, the one best resource, Agriculture Handbook 496,
Insect Pollination of Cultivated Crop Plants, is out of print.
Written in 1976 by S.E. McGregor, this publication remains the
"pollinator's bible."
 
     In the southeast we are fortunate that Georgia has recently
(July 1994) published, Bee Pollination of Georgia Crop Plants,
authored by K.S. Delaplane, P.A. Thomas and W.J. McLaurin.  It
contains information on honey bees and other pollinating bees, and
pollination requirements for apple, blueberry, cantaloupe,
cucumber, squash, watermelon and others.  It is available from the
Extension Entomology, Georgia Cooperative Extension Service,
University of Georgia request, Barrow Hall, Athens, GA 30602.
 
     Over the years, I have also published articles on citrus and
watermelon pollination, as well as another on cucurbits.  The
former two are on CD ROM available through local Cooperative
Extension Offices.  The latter was published in the 1993
Proceedings of the IFAS Vine Crops Institute, Special Series Report
SSHOS-3, edited by G. Hochmuth.
 
                    A HONEY OF A BIBLIOGRAPHY
 
     I have had a flurry of questions recently about honey.
Although happy to help answer these, I often refer people to one of
the best resources the beekeeping industry has provided, the
National Honey Board.  The beekeeping industry pays assessments on
honey sales to implement this honey promotion effort.  For an
evaluation of the National Honey Board's efforts, see the February
1995 APIS.
 
     Resources about honey produced by the Board include a video
tape called Just Add Honey and a large database of recipes, many of
which are used in its promotional activities.  To contact the
Board, call 1-800-553-7162 and ask about the availability of these
for local fairs, shows and other events.
 
     The Board's Honey Technology Program also publishes a database
(available on diskette in several different computer formats)
titled "International Honey Bibliography and Abstracts."  This
bibliograpy covers a huge array of topics, including the honey
industry, honey composition and characteristics, and food and non-
food industry honey use.  Persons interested in this bibliography
should contact the Honey Hotline 1-800-356-5941, Monday-Friday,
8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Pacific Time.  The hotline is also available
for practically any question concerning honey, although it
primarily was set up to answer questions from foodservice
organizations.
 
 
Sincerely,
 
 
Malcolm T. Sanford
Bldg 970, Box 110620
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611-0620
Phone (904) 392-1801, Ext. 143
FAX: 904-392-0190
BITNET Address: MTS@IFASGNV; INTERNET Address: MTS@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU
APIS on the World Wide Web--
http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu/~entweb/apis/apis.htm
Copyright (c) M.T. Sanford 1995  "All Rights Reserved"

-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From roe@crosfield.co.uk Sat Mar 18 22:44:00 EST 1995
Article: 1467 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!crosfield.co.uk!roe
From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Cleaning beeswax "sculpture".
Message-ID: <1995Mar16.122507.3480@crosfield.co.uk>
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
Date: Thu, 16 Mar 1995 12:25:07 GMT
Lines: 9

Recently someone posted a question here about cleaning a beeswax
sculpture or model.  If you're still interested please contact me by
email.  The original article has expired at my site.

-- 
Malcolm Roe                                Phone  :  +44 1442 345104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd                  Fax    :  +44 1442 343000
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK        E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From keancl@oregon.uoregon.edu Sat Mar 18 22:44:01 EST 1995
Article: 1468 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!oitnews.harvard.edu!das-news2.harvard.edu!news2.near.net!news.mathworks.com!uunet!nntp.cac.washington.edu!news.uoregon.edu!oregon.uoregon.edu!KEANCL
From: keancl@oregon.uoregon.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Cleaning hive.
Date: 15 Mar 1995 01:04:17 GMT
Organization: University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
Lines: 18
Message-ID: <3k5eeh$o7s@pith.uoregon.edu>
Reply-To: keancl@oregon.uoregon.edu
NNTP-Posting-Host: oregon.uoregon.edu

Hi there,

A friend of mine just gave me a hive to use.  This is my first attempt at 
beekeeping and I'm curious about cleaning the hive.  The original occupants 
of this hive dissapeared.  I am not sure if it was to do with no attention
from the beekeeper or some parasite.  The hive has been vacant for about
3 years and has a lot of little tiny insects running around in it.  They are
maybe only 1 mm long.  They seem to have done some damage to the wood
foundation frames.

My questions are:  Is the hive salvageable?  Is it better to just replace 
the frames than bother with cleaning them?  Are these insects a problem to
the frames than bother with cleaning them?  Are these insects a problem to

Any suggestions or stories of your experiences would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks, 

Paul Cauthorn


From chapleau@scuzzy.fmmo.ca Sat Mar 18 22:44:02 EST 1995
Article: 1469 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!jussieu.fr!fdn.fr!uunet!newsflash.concordia.ca!news.mcgill.ca!clouso.crim.ca!sunqbc.risq.net!chapleau
From: chapleau@scuzzy.fmmo.ca (Jean-Pierre Chapleau)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: cedar bottom boards
Date: 16 Mar 1995 10:24:22 GMT
Organization: Praline on the RISE @ FMMO Inc. in Sherbrooke, QC CAN
Lines: 18
Message-ID: <3k93km$hjh@scuzzy.fmmo.ca>
References: <1995Mar14.021635.15139@tron.bwi.wec.com> <950314131626.B5651E@news.nbnet.nb.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: scuzzy.fmmo.ca

I used canadian cedar (thuya occidentalis) for bottom boards for many 
years.  Most of my bottom boards are painted but a good number (40 out of 
550) are not.  The bees do not seem to be bothered.  I was also unsure of 
the result when I built them.  Still I wonder if I should use cedar for 
other hive parts.  I would like to use cedar for small mating 
nucs but I am afraid to do so.  I was thinking of soaking them in hot 
paraffin (NZ technique) to reduce the odor coming out of the wood.  I 
am curious to see other beekeepers's opinions.

Jean-Pierre Chapleau
eleveur d'abeilles reines
Quebec, Canada
chapleau@scuzzy.fmmo.ca
-- 
ÿWPC


ÀG{Ö0¢.ò[Ò‡/ã¯[²<QŠ®Êê9¢[zÙôßI!/D#ãË;ÌR›%y:RüÙŽ(5g˜J"‰Þ¾Ž¦í—R1óÚºWitó––1ŒjçÆé—,UUÐ|™R}úu£5ÅÌEÎa&Ý)TŽ[œt9Ø–C˜Ö>é5O‹Ï Á€B[ô÷rkO/ÑáGz—¸EùÆïXnm`zc)0	›•Ú¤R#=V5˜žÎ!ªö ¹¶»ÚÉ^üAòI#ík[0\ÎUUÌü¸ Ñý(>È1gg?›óìI)"ß"‚èN¤#Úÿô‡‘Ûõ‹-ßQ


From Kevin.Ormerod@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM Sat Mar 18 22:44:03 EST 1995
Article: 1470 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!jussieu.fr!fdn.fr!uunet!in1.uu.net!ncrgw2.ncr.com!ncrhub2!ncrcae!news
From: Kevin Ormerod <Kevin.Ormerod@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
Subject: Re: Pressure treated lumber
Message-ID: <D5HuqD.Gp1@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
Sender: news@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (news)
Reply-To: Kevin.Ormerod@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (KEVIN)
Organization: AT&T Global Information Solutions
X-Newsreader: DiscussIT 2.0 for MS Windows [AT&T Software Products Division]
References: <1995Mar14.021635.15139@tron.bwi.wec.com><950314131626.B5651E@news.nbnet.nb.ca>
Date: Wed, 15 Mar 1995 18:15:49 GMT
Lines: 17


Dr. Keith Delaplane, a well known beekeeper from the University
of Georgia, recommends treating the hive bodies, bottom boards,
and hive stands with copper napthanate to prevent rot.  Most of
the damage to woodenware is probably the result of moisture, and
mildew -- not bug infestation (like termites, ants,  or wax moths).


Kevin Ormerod

>A friend of mine who is also a bee keeper is using pressuse treated 
>lumber for his bottom boards this year. I don't think that it is a good 
>idea seeing as the whole idea of pressure treated is to keep bugs out of 
>it. Does anyone else have an opinion or facts about this. 
>                                          Gary Welzenbach




From roe@crosfield.co.uk Sat Mar 18 22:44:04 EST 1995
Article: 1471 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!crosfield.co.uk!roe
From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: Cleaning beeswax crafts
Message-ID: <1995Mar17.135440.3673@crosfield.co.uk>
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
Date: Fri, 17 Mar 1995 13:54:40 GMT
Lines: 77

Recently Michael Lewis ($lewis@brandonu.ca) asked:

 "Recently, a church in our area found a nativity scene made out of beeswax.
The person that found it believes that the set is very old,and it is generally
in good condition except that it was stored were it got dirty and some stains
due to water. My family makes beeswax crafts so the church asked us how to clean
the wax. They had already tried scrubbing with soap and water, but this was not 
effective. We could not think of any other suggestions, as we have never tried
to clean wax before. 
  If anyone has any suggestions for cleaning the wax, I would appreciate it. The
church wants very badly to save this antique, but just can't seem to get it
clean."


(Thanks to Adam and Hans for both retrieving the above and sending it to
me after it expired at my site.)
 
I tried to reply by email but it bounced (due to a wrong reply-to
address) so I'm posting it here in the hope that Michael Lewis will see
it.


Michael,

You recently asked on sci.agriculture.beekeeping about cleaning a
nativity scene made of beeswax.  Last night I attended our local
beekeeping association meeting at which there was a speaker on beeswax
modelling.  He's very good; wins national competitions etc., and has a
science teaching background, so I think he knows what he's talking about.
He was puzzled by my description of your problem.  Most things which are
soluable in water are not soluable in wax and vice versa.  Are you sure
that this is water damage?  I'm assuming here that the stain is dissolved
in the wax.  If not, I would have expected it to wash off with soapy
water.

Not knowing more, and assuming it is a real antique, I would say don't
do anything else before getting professional advice.  Have you got a
local museum?  They might be able to help you with identification and
an indication of value or refer you to someone else who could.  You may
even be able to get some help with the cleaning problem.

There is also a philosophical side to this.  For most people who collect
and care about old things, part of the appeal and interest is that they
are old, and old things are often blemished.  It doesn't necessarily
devalue the object as a collector's item, particularly if it's very
rare.  It may be that the article is of historical or scientific
significance.  In this case it could even be that the "dirt" is itself
important.  As far as the Church is concerned there is also,
presumably, an educational or propaganda value to the item and it may
well be that in their eyes this value is reduced by the stains.  In this
case a judgement has to be made.  Is it more important to the Church as
a collector's item, a piece of history or a religious artefact?

Once you've decided what you want to do there might be more I could
suggest.  My step-son is an antique restorer and may have some
suggestions as well.  He doesn't live near to me but we often talk
on the phone.  Most of the tests I can think of are potentially
destructive so I think they're best left till later.  What you could do
first is try to establish if the stain, or whatever it is, is
superficial or extends beneath the surface.  Scraping in an
inconspicuous place would do but I suggest you use a bright light from
behind the wax first and see what you can see.  Also, use a magnifying
glass.  Is the dirt just a stain or is it formed of particles like dust
or sand?

If you want to take this further feel free to get in touch with me
and and let me know some more details.

Best wishes,

M.

-- 
Malcolm Roe                                Phone  :  +44 1442 345104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd                  Fax    :  +44 1442 343000
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK        E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From ibra@matheson.demon.co.uk Sat Mar 18 22:44:05 EST 1995
Article: 1472 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: ibra@matheson.demon.co.uk (ibra)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!peernews.demon.co.uk!matheson.demon.co.uk!ibra
Subject: Re: scottish heather honey
References: <3j693k$6vo@pellew.ntu.edu.au>
Organization: None
Reply-To: ibra@matheson.demon.co.uk
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Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

In article: <3j693k$6vo@pellew.ntu.edu.au>  ted@dme.nt.gov.au (Ted Findhammer) writes:

> Australia does not have heather, and thus not what is-to my taste-the
> most beautiful honey in the world: heather honey.
> I know it from home (Holland) and Germany. In both countries it is
> becoming rare, and very expensive.
> Australia prefers to import from the UK. Scotland has wonderful
> expanses of heather. Is there Scottish heather honey, and is it
> exported to Australia?
> 
Yes, Scotland indeed does have heather honey and it is possible that some is exported to 
Australia.

However, you might be able to get some closer from closer to home.  The ling heather 
plant (Calluna vulgaris) was introduced to New Zealand last century and honey is produced 
from it there and exported (including to Europe).

Remember to observe all quarantine regulations if importing honey privately.

> 
-- 
******************************************************************************
* From Andrew Matheson, Director, International Bee Research Association     *
* ibra@matheson.demon.co.uk                                                  *
*                                                                            *
* Any replies to this message will be read only by me.  If you want to leave *
* a message for anyone else in IBRA, or one which will be handled in my      *
* absence, please contact ibra@cardiff.ac.uk                                 *
*                                                                            *
* IBRA, 18 North Road, Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK                                   *
* Fax (+44) 1222-665522     Telephone (+44) 1222-37209                       *
*                                                                            *
******************************************************************************



From grw@oce216.bwi.wec.com Sat Mar 18 22:44:07 EST 1995
Article: 1473 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!uunet!tron!usenet
From: grw@oce210.bwi.wec.com (Gary Welzenbach)
Subject: Pressure treated lumber
Message-ID: <1995Mar14.021635.15139@tron.bwi.wec.com>
Sender: usenet@tron.bwi.wec.com (Usenet_news poster)
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A friend of mine who is also a bee keeper is using pressuse treated 
lumber for his bottom boards this year. I don't think that it is a good 
idea seeing as the whole idea of pressure treated is to keep bugs out of 
it. Does anyone else have an opinion or facts about this. 
                                          Gary Welzenbach


From cappaert@umich.edu Sat Mar 18 22:44:08 EST 1995
Article: 1474 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!news.itd.umich.edu!pm002-24.dialip.mich.net!user
From: cappaert@umich.edu (David Cappaert)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping in 1995
Date: 18 Mar 1995 12:50:54 GMT
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NNTP-Posting-Host: pm002-24.dialip.mich.net

I haven't kept bees for several years, since my last colonies were wiped
out by AFB.  I would like to start a couple of colonies this spring.  A
couple of questions:

- What do I need to pay attention to now, of those problems emerging in
the last few years.  Is Varroa mite control simple?  Are there other
pathogens or parasites to deal with?  Any publications to recommend?

- Any ideas on where I can get package bees for this sping?  

Thanks for any insights.


From nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk Sat Mar 18 22:44:09 EST 1995
Article: 1475 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!gatech!swrinde!pipex!uknet!strath-cs!st-and!nrp
From: nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: swarm control
Date: 17 Mar 1995 14:07:44 GMT
Organization: University Of St. Andrews
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NNTP-Posting-Host: honey.st-andrews.ac.uk

What would happen if you organised your hive like this:

	roof
	super(s)
	excluder
	brood
	excluder
	super
	floor

?  The idea being that (1) incoming bees could dump their shopping in
the lowest super, without having to go through an excluder (that might
strip pollen from their legs) and (2) the queens would not be able to
get out to swarm.  (You'd have to remove the lower excluder after
swarming season to let drones out.)

Are virgin queens small enough to get through an excluder?

-Norman


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sat Mar 18 22:44:10 EST 1995
Article: 1476 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Need Royal Jelly
Date: 18 Mar 1995 20:11:19 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

 Hello, grafting season is rapidly approaching I'm in need of a vial of
royal jelly. I split an order with a kind soul last year (actually the two
vials were given to me : quite kind)
and haven't even thought about grafting till now. Does anyone have a vial
they don't need? Vial = about ~ 25 ml. Who supplies that good old Chinese
jelly we all use to make our queens? Is it Mann Lake? Please let me know,
I'd ask for email only, but it's been so quiet why not post? 

thanks,
Adam

PS  re: varroa resistant bees: the _only_ bees documented to show grooming
behavior, were found in a population of ~800 colonies. If you have colonies
that are thriving, mark the queens and track their production. If they
still look good in year 2, and the marked queens are there, then you might
have something.
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From worrell@gamera.umd.edu Sat Mar 18 22:44:12 EST 1995
Article: 1477 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard Worrell)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: swarm control
Date: 19 Mar 1995 01:47:01 GMT
Organization: Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
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X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Norman R. Paterson (nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk) wrote:
: What would happen if you organised your hive like this:

: 	roof
: 	super(s)
: 	excluder
: 	brood
: 	excluder
: 	super
: 	floor

: ?  The idea being that (1) incoming bees could dump their shopping in
: the lowest super, without having to go through an excluder (that might
: strip pollen from their legs) and (2) the queens would not be able to
: get out to swarm.  (You'd have to remove the lower excluder after
: swarming season to let drones out.)

: Are virgin queens small enough to get through an excluder?

: -Norman
Norm,
You can probably obtain the same results simply by adding another 
entrance to the upper supers without having to put the brood over that 
bottom super. You are just making yourself work harder, having to lift 
all that extra weight to get to that bottom super.
Yes, virgin queens can go thru excluders. I've seen it happen.

Jerry worrell



From ckno01@cs.auckland.ac.nz Sat Mar 18 22:44:17 EST 1995
Article: 1478 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!crl.dec.com!crl.dec.com!pa.dec.com!decwrl!waikato!auckland.ac.nz!ugls2.cs.auckland.ac.nz!user
From: ckno01@cs.auckland.ac.nz (Candour)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Pressure treated lumber
Date: 19 Mar 1995 03:14:42 GMT
Organization: University of Auckland
Lines: 11
Message-ID: <ckno01-1903951714270001@ugls2.cs.auckland.ac.nz>
References: <1995Mar14.021635.15139@tron.bwi.wec.com> <3k73se$b8e@linux.cpsc.ucalgary.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ugls2.cs.auckland.ac.nz

In article <3k73se$b8e@linux.cpsc.ucalgary.ca>, Charles Tuckey
<tuckey@cpsc.ucalgary.ca> wrote:

> When I was beekeeping we built hundreds of hives. We surface 
> treated every bottom board with a wood perservative (I forget
> the name of it now). We didn't have any bee loss problems
> arising from this.

I just coat the wooden parts of my hives with Metalex, (I think I spelt
that right).  After leaving the parts to dry I paint the outer surfaces
and I haven't had any problems.


From ckno01@cs.auckland.ac.nz Sat Mar 18 22:44:18 EST 1995
Article: 1479 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.kei.com!world!decwrl!waikato!auckland.ac.nz!ugls2.cs.auckland.ac.nz!user
From: ckno01@cs.auckland.ac.nz (Candour)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mold?
Date: 19 Mar 1995 03:25:21 GMT
Organization: University of Auckland
Lines: 19
Message-ID: <ckno01-1903951725070001@ugls2.cs.auckland.ac.nz>
References: <3jvp5u$mce@nntp1.u.washington.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ugls2.cs.auckland.ac.nz

In article <3jvp5u$mce@nntp1.u.washington.edu>, jlks@u.washington.edu
(Jordan Schwartz) wrote:

> The bottom chamber of my hive is plagued by mold.  I have the whole hive 
> tilted heavily forward so that the rain doesn't get in, but nevertheless, 
> there must be some build-up, because the whitish and greenish mold 
> covers the bottom of the frames as well as a scattering of cells.  The 
> bees abandoned it altogether and moved upstairs, so I just removed that 
> hive body, but I'm worried that I've just made new trouble for the next 
> story.  Any suggestions?
 
Well I don't know what weather conditions you have over there, but
conditions permitting you could try putting something like a nail or match
between the top box and the ceiling or roof just to give a gap of a few
milimeters.  This allows ventilation and helps to dry up some of the
condensation in the hive.
Plus, do you have a small hole in the ceiling mat that allows the moist
air to rise into the area between the hive mat and the roof.  Then the
moisture shouldn't condensate on the hive mat as much.


From ENCX08A@prodigy.com Fri Mar 24 21:31:50 EST 1995
Article: 1480 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news.mathworks.com!newshost.marcam.com!uunet!prodigy.com!usenet
From: ENCX08A@prodigy.com (Steve Burt)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: swarm control
Date: 18 Mar 1995 01:49:43 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
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Dear Norman (and countless readers!),
     Your ideas are fascinating.  My sense is that the bees would have 
other notions, though, of putting the honey above, rather than below, and 
the extra excluder and brood barrier might well produce congestion, not 
surplus honey. Congested bees during the spring will usually releive 
their crowded state by initiation of swarming.   Still, any new idea is 
worth at least a modest try.  
     My swarm control activities involve removal of some capped brood 
from the powerful colonies to give to weaker units and relocation upward 
of at least some brood comb to the third or fourth deep super during May 
and June, keeping the brood nest somewhat open while the colony 
strengthens.  
     Stocking cell-builder colonies with excess spring bees can cool down 
swarming while leading to queen replacement with nice young queens -- a 
further swarm reduction tactic for those colonies that just won't quit.
     I also cut queen cells and save some of the best quality ones, as 
they produce very large queens almost immediately if placed in nucleus 
boxes.
     I keep my bees in a populous suburb of Detroit, Michigan, USA, where 
swarming would cause me lots of "people" problems.  The answer: I don't 
permit my bees to swarm if at all possible, no matter how heroic my 
effort.   Besides, bees that don't swarm make very much more honey, and 
produce it much earlier in the season, which makes for a lighter color 
and milder flavor.
                                                               Best 
wishes,
                                                               Steve Burt



From cconroy@zippy.mv.com Fri Mar 24 21:31:51 EST 1995
Article: 1481 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!hookup!news.sprintlink.net!mv!usenet
From: cconroy@zippy.mv.com (Chris Conroy)
Subject: Spring cleaning question
Message-ID: <D5pKuz.7uI@mv.mv.com>
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Date: Sun, 19 Mar 1995 22:23:23 GMT
References: <1995Mar14.021635.15139@tron.bwi.wec.com> 
 <950314131626.B5651E@news.nbnet.nb.ca>  <3k93km$hjh@scuzzy.fmmo.ca>
Lines: 16

Hi all,

My wife and I checked out our only hive this morning. Nice weather here
in NH. There is a surprising amount of honey left over (we're first
year beekeepers). The size of the hive seems pretty healthy, and we did
see some new brood.

On one or two frames, we saw some whitish crystal-like things in some
of the comb. There is no brood, and I don't believe there is any capped
honey on any of these frames. Any ideas what it might be? I took a
picture of it, if there aren't any ideas I could get it scanned make it
available here for diagnosis.

Chris Conroy
cconroy@zippy.mv.com

Mecca-lecca-hi-lecca-hiney-ho!


From pyro@chopin.udel.edu Fri Mar 24 21:31:53 EST 1995
Article: 1482 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.udel.edu!chopin.udel.edu!not-for-mail
From: pyro@chopin.udel.edu (Thomas Rich Schwerdt)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Pressure treated lumber
Date: 19 Mar 1995 17:07:50 -0500
Organization: University of Delaware
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References: <1995Mar14.021635.15139@tron.bwi.wec.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: chopin.udel.edu

In article <1995Mar14.021635.15139@tron.bwi.wec.com>,
Gary Welzenbach <grw@oce216.bwi.wec.com> wrote:
>A friend of mine who is also a bee keeper is using pressuse treated 
>lumber for his bottom boards this year. I don't think that it is a good 
>idea seeing as the whole idea of pressure treated is to keep bugs out of 
>it. Does anyone else have an opinion or facts about this. 

There has been a continuing thread on Rec.gardens about this very topic.
Apparently, pressure treating lumber involves forcing large quantities
of arsenic (VERY toxic to just about everyting, including people)
into the wood by using high pressure -- hence the "friendly" name of
"pressure treated." I personally would not want to eat anything that was 
located near pressure treated lumber. Use cedar.

-Tom the Melaniephile




From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Fri Mar 24 21:31:54 EST 1995
Article: 1483 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Pressure Treated Wood
Message-ID: <D5py3s.C9D@nntpa.cb.att.com>
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Date: Mon, 20 Mar 1995 03:09:28 GMT
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          From the "Consumer Information & Handling Guide
              for OSMOSE Pressure Treated Wood".

       "DO NOT USE TREATED WOOD FOR CONSTRUCTION OF THOSE PORTIONS
        OF BEEHIVES WHICH MAY COME INTO CONTACT WITH THE HONEY."
         FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CALL 1-800 522 WOOD



From jblount@picosof.com Fri Mar 24 21:31:55 EST 1995
Article: 1484 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!emerald.oz.net!Sequoia.picosof.com!picosof
From: jblount@picosof.com (Jesse Blount)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Renting bee hives in northern California
Date: Fri, 17 Mar 95 18:04:54 GMT
Organization: Marketing Consultants, Ltd.
Lines: 26
Message-ID: <3kcid5$npk@Sequoia.picosof.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: jblount.picosof.com
X-Newsreader: News Xpress Version 1.0 Beta #3

I live in northern California, near the city of Santa Cruz, and I have
an orchard of 18 apple trees that has suffered from lack of 
pollenation over the past several years.  I would like to be able to 
rent 3-5 bee hives for a month or so to see if this will improve my 
apple yield this year.

Can anyone tell me:
	1. Is this an appropriate news group in which to post this 
	   message?
	2. Are you aware of any people, businesses, etc. in this
	   part of California who could fill this request?

I can be reached by e-mail at "jblount@picosof.com" but since your 
news group is not that large, I will also continue to monitor it for 
responses as well.

Thanks in advance for your help.

-Jesse-

================================================================
Marketing Consultants, Ltd.          Telephone:   (408) 336-8000
277 Hillside Avenue                       Facsimile:   (408) 336-2016
Ben Lomond, CA                           E-mail: jblount@picosof.com
95005                                             CompuServe:      73075,1411
================================================================


From Delcanto@ix.netcom.com Fri Mar 24 21:31:56 EST 1995
Article: 1485 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.duke.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!hudson.lm.com!news.pop.psu.edu!news.cac.psu.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!ix.netcom.com!netnews
From: Delcanto@ix.netcom.com (Leon Delcanto)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Searching for Directory of Beekeepers in the USA
Date: 21 Mar 1995 01:27:23 GMT
Organization: Netcom
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Message-ID: <3kla1r$qt2@ixnews3.ix.netcom.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ix-wp1-23.ix.netcom.com

I am representing a Company interested in purchasing honey from the US. 
We would like to get a directory of beekepers with product enough for 
exporting. I will appreciate very much e-mail addresses.

Please answer to Fdelcanto@mcimail.com


From ENCX08A@prodigy.com Fri Mar 24 21:31:58 EST 1995
Article: 1486 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!swiss.ans.net!prodigy.com!usenet
From: ENCX08A@prodigy.com (Steve Burt)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Spring cleaning question
Date: 21 Mar 1995 03:44:21 GMT
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Dear Chris,

Sounds from what you describe as though you have some granulated honey 
remaining in the comb, in places where the bees have already uncapped the 
cells and eaten the liquid goods.  This would not be surprising, given 
that the honey had all winter to crystallize, and temperatures on the low 
side, such as in the 50s Farenheit, really favor the honey turning to 
solid sugar.

If this is what is going on, you have nothing to fear, as the bees can 
liquify this sugared honey if necessary, or may well clean out the cells.


I'm curous to see what the beekeeping fraternity comes up with as far as 
alternative answers to your question.  

Sure is nice to have an early spring here in southeast Michigan.  The 
bees have already gone to town on silver maples, storing some honey and 
lots of pollen.  The Apistan really whacked my Varroa, which was 
threatening to kill all my bees!

Best wishes, 

STEVE BURT  ENCX08A@prodigy.com




From 71202.2712@CompuServe.COM Fri Mar 24 21:31:59 EST 1995
Article: 1487 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!news.duke.edu!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!Germany.EU.net!EU.net!uunet!lionel.inhouse.compuserve.com!news.inhouse.compuserve.com!news.production.compuserve.com!news
From: JP Bailhe <71202.2712@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Relative Brain Size
Date: 21 Mar 1995 07:38:18 GMT
Organization: via CompuServe Information Service
Lines: 14
Message-ID: <3klvpa$m1g$1@mhadg.production.compuserve.com>

It is said that of the three castes, workers have the largest 
brain as determined by brain to body ratio. I wonder, however, if 
this is correct. Queens are made large by the storage of huge 
numbers of eggs, sperm, and the acquisition of body mass to 
provide the energy necessary to lay a couple thousand eggs a day. 
Virgin Queens, for example, yet to be enlarged for reproduction, 
might then have a comparatively bigger brain than workers. Does 
anybody know whether this has ever been examined and if so, do 
workers still come out with larger brains?

Jacques Bailhe, 71202.2712@compuserve.com

-- 
JP Bailhe  71202.2712@compuserve.com


From mah48d@rohmhaas.com Fri Mar 24 21:32:00 EST 1995
Article: 1488 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Pressure treated lumber
Message-ID: <mah48d-200395121153@wm48d.ho.rohmhaas.com>
From: mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Date: Mon, 20 Mar 1995 12:11:42 -0500
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
References: <1995Mar14.021635.15139@tron.bwi.wec.com> 
 <3ki9vm$eij@chopin.udel.edu>
Distribution: usa
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Nntp-Posting-Host: 136.141.220.39
Lines: 24

In article <3ki9vm$eij@chopin.udel.edu>, pyro@chopin.udel.edu (Thomas Rich
Schwerdt) wrote:


> There has been a continuing thread on Rec.gardens about this very topic.
> Apparently, pressure treating lumber involves forcing large quantities
> of arsenic (VERY toxic to just about everyting, including people)
> into the wood by using high pressure -- hence the "friendly" name of
> "pressure treated." I personally would not want to eat anything that was
> located near pressure treated lumber. Use cedar.

Last time I checked on wood-treatment formulations, they were either
organics (chlorinated phenolics, that sort of thing) or tin-based, and not
arsenic-based compositions.  This could vary with the particular vendor of
treated wood, but I suspect getting approval to sell something treated with
arsenic might be difficult today, making non-arsenical compositions a lot
more attractive economically to the manufacturer.

Of course, I'm not all that keen on chlorinated phenolics or tin compounds
in my honey, either!

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)      |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
e-mail: mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From Swehe@ix.netcom.com Fri Mar 24 21:32:01 EST 1995
Article: 1489 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!ix.netcom.com!netnews
From: Swehe@ix.netcom.com (Susan Wehe)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Beekeeping FAQ?
Date: 23 Mar 1995 03:11:22 GMT
Organization: Netcom
Lines: 20
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3kqosq$mgu@ixnews4.ix.netcom.com>
References: <3kmm7l$514@crcnis3.unl.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ix-san1-12.ix.netcom.com

In <3kmm7l$514@crcnis3.unl.edu> jchamber@unlinfo.unl.edu (Jeff M 
Chambers) writes: 

>
>     I am interested in starting a bee colony(??) this spring in our 
>orchard.  Would be interested in in beginning information on 
>establishing this.
>
>     As you may be able to tell I'm starting from scratch on 
>information about beekeeping.
>
>Thanks in advance,
>
>Jeff Chambers
>Adams, Nebraska     
>
>

  I am looking at adding a bee hive to my orchard and garden area and am 
also only a beginner.  Any information would be appreciated.


From rainer.born@iwp.uni-linz.ac.at Fri Mar 24 21:32:03 EST 1995
Article: 1490 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!jussieu.fr!univ-lyon1.fr!swidir.switch.ch!newsfeed.ACO.net!alijku06!news!k270270
From: k270270@pop.uni-linz.ac.at (Rainer Born)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Information about South-Africa wanted
Date: Thu, 23 Mar 95 12:03:09 GMT
Organization: iwp
Lines: 12
Message-ID: <k270270.1146347829H@news.edvz.uni-linz.ac.at>
Reply-To: rainer.born@iwp.uni-linz.ac.at
NNTP-Posting-Host: quadrarb.iwp.uni-linz.ac.at
X-Newsreader: VersaTerm Link v1.1.3

A friend of mine is looking for informations about South Africa (history,
geography, population, apartheid-system,......). English answers are prefered.

Thanks in advance. Elfriede
----------------------------
Please give your answer to
Karl.Pfeiffer@iwp.uni-linz.ac.at

(This is in Austria, Europe)

Thank you
Karl


From jchamber@unlinfo.unl.edu Fri Mar 24 21:32:05 EST 1995
Article: 1491 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!psuvax1!news.ecn.bgu.edu!newspump.wustl.edu!crcnis3.unl.edu!unlinfo.unl.edu!jchamber
From: jchamber@unlinfo.unl.edu (Jeff M Chambers)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping FAQ?
Date: 21 Mar 1995 14:01:25 GMT
Organization: University of Nebraska--Lincoln	
Lines: 12
Message-ID: <3kmm7l$514@crcnis3.unl.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: unlinfo2.unl.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

     I am interested in starting a bee colony(??) this spring in our 
orchard.  Would be interested in in beginning information on 
establishing this.

     As you may be able to tell I'm starting from scratch on 
information about beekeeping.

Thanks in advance,

Jeff Chambers
Adams, Nebraska     



From marjorie@netcom.com Fri Mar 24 21:32:06 EST 1995
Article: 1492 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.duke.edu!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!ix.netcom.com!netcom.com!marjorie
From: marjorie@netcom.com (Marjorie Rosen)
Subject: Re: Renting bee hives in northern California
Message-ID: <marjorieD5vt7G.9IH@netcom.com>
Organization: The Rosen Home
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]
References: <3kcid5$npk@Sequoia.picosof.com>
Date: Thu, 23 Mar 1995 07:09:15 GMT
Lines: 35
Sender: marjorie@netcom9.netcom.com

Jesse Blount (jblount@picosof.com) wrote:
: I live in northern California, near the city of Santa Cruz, and I have
: an orchard of 18 apple trees that has suffered from lack of 
: pollenation over the past several years.  I would like to be able to 
: rent 3-5 bee hives for a month or so to see if this will improve my 
: apple yield this year.

: Can anyone tell me:
: 	1. Is this an appropriate news group in which to post this 
: 	   message?
: 	2. Are you aware of any people, businesses, etc. in this
: 	   part of California who could fill this request?

: I can be reached by e-mail at "jblount@picosof.com" but since your 
: news group is not that large, I will also continue to monitor it for 
: responses as well.

: Thanks in advance for your help.

: -Jesse-

: ================================================================
: Marketing Consultants, Ltd.          Telephone:   (408) 336-8000
: 277 Hillside Avenue                       Facsimile:   (408) 336-2016
: Ben Lomond, CA                           E-mail: jblount@picosof.com
: 95005                                             CompuServe:      73075,1411
: ================================================================


Why not check the Yellow Pages and call several apiaries? I'll bet that 
you could make some kind of arrangement.

Let us know what happens.

Marjorie


From danb@blkbox.com Fri Mar 24 21:32:07 EST 1995
Article: 1493 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!hudson.lm.com!newsfeed.pitt.edu!gatech!swrinde!news.uh.edu!uuneo.neosoft.com!blkbox.COM!usenet
From: Dan Buchsbaum <danb@blkbox.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: drone laying worker
Date: Sat, 18 Mar 1995 19:19:06 -600 (CST)
Organization: The Black Box, Houston, Tx (713) 480-2686 
Lines: 15
Message-ID: <Pine.SCO.3.90.950318190751.23901A-100000@blkbox.blkbox.COM>
NNTP-Posting-Host: blkbox.com
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII

Hi people!
My 2 hives were already overflowing with brood and bees in early 
February, so I stuck 3 frames of brood of varying stages in a nuc with 2 
frames packed with honey and pollen.  I saw a small queen cell being 
built and left it hoping they would make their own queen.  The small size 
should have warned me...I now have a worker or sterile layer.  Can't 
locate anything resembling a queen, so I assume there is a worker doing 
this.  I stuck them all in a 2 super hive with a bunch of new brood, more 
bees, and more honey and pollen a couple weeks ago.  Today I had a look 
and there is a BIG queen cell capped and hanging from a bottom frame.  
When she emerges, will the worker stop laying?  Or will the worker kill 
the queen?  Or will the two co-exist?  
My wait and see policy dosen't seem to be working, so I thought I'd make 
a preemptive strike...
-Cynthia in Houston


From prattrd@pto.ford.com Fri Mar 24 21:32:08 EST 1995
Article: 1494 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!zombie.ncsc.mil!paladin.american.edu!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!jobone!fiesta.srl.ford.com!eccdb1.pms.ford.com!tc1941.pto.ford.com!prattrd
From: prattrd@pto.ford.com (Rob Pratt)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Hornets, Wasp, Bee Name...?
Date: 21 Mar 1995 16:01:21 GMT
Organization: ECC at Ford Motor Company, Dearborn Michigan
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <3kmt8h$ake@eccdb1.pms.ford.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: tc1941.pto.ford.com
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Hi.  This may not necessarily be the correct place to ask this but as I
can find no other place in the net with anything even remote to my
question, I figured I'd try here.

Anyway, long story short, friend and I were discussing various insects and
had remembered hearing of one that actually hunts down spiders.  This
Wasp (or Hornet or Bee) actually gets itself trapped in webs on purpose and
then attacks the Spider - laying its eggs inside of it after stinging the	spider.  The eggs then eventually hatch and the larva eat the host.

Can any of you tell me the name of this insect?  I am not sure but it may
be some type of African or South American hornet.  Also, can anyone give
me a rundown of the major differneces between Wasps and Hornets? We know
the differences between them and bees...(the basics anyway)

Responses here or at prattrd@tc1952.pto.ford.com are appreciated.  I will
check here though until April 21st, 1995.

Thanks...
  Robb



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Mar 24 21:32:09 EST 1995
Article: 1495 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: BEE POLLEN
Date: 24 Mar 1995 12:52:32 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 14
Message-ID: <3kufag$j5q@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <3kpg31INN5jl@oasys.dt.navy.mil>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <3kpg31INN5jl@oasys.dt.navy.mil>,
Ken Lebo <lebo@oasys.dt.navy.mil> wrote:
>
>    I read an advertisement today in  Herbal Health Care, March 1995 issue,
>on the advantages of bee pollen in diet.  
>
 This has been an ongoing debate. Some claim Pollen to be "wonder food".
Others are cynical. So far, nobody has cited specific articles on the value
of pollen as a nutritional component.
Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From yrh@fox.nstn.ca Fri Mar 24 21:32:12 EST 1995
Article: 1496 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!uunet!newsflash.concordia.ca!nstn.ns.ca!nstn.ns.ca!nntp-user
From: yrh@fox.nstn.ca (Dan Goodwin)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Sealing Top Feeders
Date: 24 Mar 1995 09:00:04 -0400
Organization: NSTN Inc. ICS/Windows Dialup User
Lines: 6
Sender: news@nstn.ns.ca
Message-ID: <3kufok$c9m@Owl.nstn.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: owl.nstn.ns.ca
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.92.2

Last winter I build several top feeders.
I sealed the edges and bottom with melted bee's wax.
As the boards warp or bend the wax does not move with them and results in a leak.

I am looking for a new sealant that won't have adverse on the syurp, medication or bees.



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Mar 24 21:32:13 EST 1995
Article: 1497 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: drone laying worker
Date: 24 Mar 1995 13:06:38 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 26
Message-ID: <3kug4u$ke0@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <Pine.SCO.3.90.950318190751.23901A-100000@blkbox.blkbox.COM>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <Pine.SCO.3.90.950318190751.23901A-100000@blkbox.blkbox.COM>,
Dan Buchsbaum  <danb@blkbox.com> Cynthia wrote:
>Today I had a look 
>and there is a BIG queen cell capped and hanging from a bottom frame.  
>When she emerges, will the worker stop laying?  Or will the worker kill 
>the queen?  Or will the two co-exist?  
>My wait and see policy dosen't seem to be working, so I thought I'd make 
>a preemptive strike...

 You ask a good question. Sometimes a well developed virgin will mate and
survive to become a laying queen in a laying worker colony, other times she
will be killed by the workers in the laying worker colony (you
might have more than one laying worker "queen") 
The best remedy for this is to add frames of hatching brood to the colony
ensuring young bees are there to accept the newly mated queen. 
 In queen mating,  the condition you describe happens occasionally: I
usually shake all the bees out of a laying worker colony and make up a
new colony with frames of new emerging brood, adhering bees and some
stores. The result of the shaking/disorganization, coupled with the
addition of emerging young bees helps to settle the laying worker colony
and allow the virgin to mate.
Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From tceisele@mtu.edu Fri Mar 24 21:32:15 EST 1995
Article: 1498 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!msunews!news.mtu.edu!news.mtu.edu!not-for-mail
From: tceisele@mtu.edu (Timothy C. Eisele)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Hornets, Wasp, Bee Name...?
Date: 21 Mar 1995 14:35:05 -0500
Organization: Michigan Technological University
Lines: 22
Message-ID: <3kn9p9$74t@hornet.my>
References: <3kmt8h$ake@eccdb1.pms.ford.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: hornet.my.mtu.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]

Rob Pratt (prattrd@pto.ford.com) wrote:
: 
: Anyway, long story short, friend and I were discussing various insects and
: had remembered hearing of one that actually hunts down spiders.  This
: Wasp (or Hornet or Bee) actually gets itself trapped in webs on purpose and
: then attacks the Spider - laying its eggs inside of it after stinging the	spider.  The eggs then eventually hatch and the larva eat the host.
: 
Well, there is a species of wasp commonly referred to as the "mud dauber,"
which builds nests out of mud for its larvae.  These are common in Michigan,
and I broke open a few of the nests when I was a kid, and found each larva
chamber stocked with numerous small, paralyzed spiders for food.  I don't 
know what procedure the adults use to catch the spiders, but it is probably
similar to what you describe above.  These wasps are a dark, metallic blue
color, and the abdomen is connected to the thorax by a long, narrow neck.
These apparently don't sting in self-defense (at least, none ever tried to 
sting me :-) 

There are probably a lot of wasp species that prey on spiders.


Tim Eisele
tceisele@mtu.edu


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Mar 24 21:32:16 EST 1995
Article: 1499 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,sci.agriculture,misc.rural,rec.gardens,alt.sustainable.agriculture,sci.answers,misc.answers,rec.answers,alt.answers,news.answers
Subject: sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ
Followup-To: poster
Date: 24 Mar 1995 14:08:05 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
Lines: 407
Approved: news.answers-request@MIT.EDU
Message-ID: <3kujo5$oti@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Reply-To: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Summary: This posting contains a list of pointers toward apicultural
	 and beekeeping information on the internet. It should be read by
	 anyone who wishes to post to the newsgroup
	 sci.agriculture.beekeeping or the listserv bee-l.
Keywords: bee beekeeping apis honey mead pollination pollen
Originator: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1499 sci.agriculture:3770 misc.rural:16314 rec.gardens:60135 alt.sustainable.agriculture:5837 sci.answers:2289 misc.answers:1636 rec.answers:10645 alt.answers:8020 news.answers:39029


Archive-name: beekeeping-faq
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Last-modified:1995/03/24


 This FAQ tries to list and point to all informational resources on the
internet for beekeepers and apiculturists. A great old beekeeping cliche
is:  "there are about as many ways to keep bees as there are beekeepers."
Therefore rather than list and then answer the myriad beekeeping, bee
culture, and apicultural questions in a cumbersome document, specific
internet resources are listed in this FAQ so that you may find your own
answers, like a true beekeeper!
 If you are unable to utilize any of these resources, please don't
 hesitate to contact me or post to sci.agriculture.beekeeping. As a last
resort, you could even mail the listserv, bee-l, but *please* be sure to
include a return address in your letter, and to realize that your question
will go to *** all *** the list subscribers. Explicit instructions on
listserv use and bee-l are included in this FAQ. Please read them before
mailing anything to bee-l. You can always ask somebody.  Asking really
works!

 I'm working on an internet archive for beekeeping. Once this is done,
(I'll let you know...) you may mail me with information, comments, hints,
stories, FAQ ANSWERS, and they will become archived in an easily
accessible way, via ftp, gopher, and www. I have already received some
really nice beekeeping files. Thank you, you know who you are and you
deserve praise!




****** POINTERS TO APICULTURAL INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET ******


USENET news
 * sci.agriculture.beekeeping   Beekeeping, bee-culture and
hive products.


Listserv:
* BEE-L
  BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information
  concerning the biology of bees.  This includes honey bees
  and other bees (and maybe even wasps).  We communicate about
  sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution,
  genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower
  nectar and pollen production of bees.

To subscribe to BEE-L, send e-mail to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu
with one line in the body of your message:
SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <put your real name here>

To get help on how to run the listserver, send e-mail to
listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu with one line
in the body of your message:
HELP

To send a message to all current BEE-L subscribers, mail it to
BEE-L@uacsc2.albany.edu.


(FOR DETAILED LISTSERV INSTRUCTIONS, READ BEE-L SECTION AT END OF FAQ)


* Beekeeping Home Page (WWW)
   http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html


* _Apis_ Magazine archive (WWW)
   http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu:7999/~entweb/apis/apis.html

* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Colorado State University
    http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/ent.html


* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Iowa State University
    http://www.public.iastate.edu/~entomology/


* sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu anonymous ftp, gopher


* sunsite.unc.edu   anonymous ftp, gopher, telnet 

anonymous ftp:
ftp sunsite.unc.edu
cd pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture
cd sunsite-Sustainable-Agriculture/beekeeping

gopher:
gopher sunsite.unc.edu

go to:
The Worlds of sunsite
Sustainable Agriculture Information
beekeeping
(it's in there, the archive is huge!)

* ftp.ucdavis.edu   
anonymous ftp:
ftp ftp.ucdavis.edu
 /pub/extension/4h-youth/bee-keeping


* Beekeeping FAQ's from beenet.com

How to USE:

Internet E-Mail a message addressed to:  HINT.103@beenet.com
on subject line put the name of FAQ   :  HONEY ADULTERATION

Thats all, you are welcome to add a message.<G> Mail runs are
6am & 6pm. Problems, post to sysop@beenet.com ..


  FAQ                                           Last update   3-10-95
  name                                                * NEW or UPDATED
_________
HINT.IND        THIS INDEX                                     *
HINT.101        SOURCES OF BEEKEEPING INFORMATION
HINT.102        HONEY AND ITS USES
HINT.103        HONEY ADULTERATION
HINT.104        FLORIDA BEE INSPECTION
HINT.105        FLORIDA BEARS AND BEEKEEPING
HINT.106        HONEY HOUSE SANITATION
HINT.107        FLORIDA HONEY LABELING REGULATIONS
HINT.108        PRODUCING SECTION (COMB) HONEY
HINT.109        EXHIBITING HONEY
HINT.110        SAMPLE POLLINATION AGREEMENT
HINT.111        SOLAR BEESWAX RENDERING AND HINTS FOR EXHIBITING WAX BLOCKS
HINT.112        EXTENSION APICULTURAL VISUAL AIDS
HINT.113        USING HONEY IN LARGE-QUANTITY RECIPES
HINT.115        GOOD NEIGHBOR GUIDELINES AND ORDINANCES
HINT.116        CHALKBROOD RECOMMENDATIONS
HINT.117        HONEY MARKETING SURVEY
HINT.118        PRODUCING POLLEN
HINT.119        FINANCIAL MANGEMENT FOR BEEKEEPERS
HINT.120        UPWARD VENTILATION
HINT.121        WAX MOTH CONTROL
HINT.122        BEE STINGS AND REACTIONS
HINT.123        EXTENSION APICULTURE IN FLORIDA
HINT.124        FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RATIOS FOR BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.125        PRESERVING WOODENWARE IN BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.126        THE VALUE OF POLLINATION BY HONEY BEES
HINT.127        THE VARROA BEE MITE
HINT.128        INFANT BOTULISM AND HONEY
HINT.129        HONEY JUDGING AND STANDARDS
HINT.130        USING THE HONEY REFRACTOMETER
HINT.131        OBSERVATION BEE HIVES

All HINT's courtesy of Malcolm T. Sanford, Cooperative Extension Service
University of Florida, Gainesville, Fl Internet address:mts@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
beenet.com is a Information Service for Beekeepers & Friends, operated by
Andy Nachbaur from the Wild Bee's BBS, 209-826-8107, Los Banos, Calif.

* Remote File Retriver from beenet.com

        ( CLOSED FOR REPAIRS )



* Honey Hotline                       NHB Food Technology Program
  1 -800-356-5941                     P.O. Box 281525
  415-340-3568  (FAX)              San Franscisco, CA 94128-1525 USA



* National Honey Board
  421 21 st, suite 203,
  Longmont, CO  80501 USA
  303-776-2337

* The American Apitherapy Society,Inc.
 P.O. Box 124, Woodsville, NH 03785
  603-747-2507 (Voice & Fax)


 *International Bee Research Association 
  18 North Rd
  Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK
  F: (+44) 1222 665 522
  V: (+44) 1222 372 409 (24 hrs)
  email: IBRA@cardiff.ac.uk
  Now putting out "B-Mail" a monthly newsletter available on the newsgroup
  or the listserver, soon to be archived.


 * Mead list:

   Send ONLY articles for the digest to mead@talisman.com.

   Use mead-request@talisman.com for [un]subscribe/admin requests.
   When subscribing, please include name and email address in body of
   message.  Digest archives and FAQ are available for anonymous ftp at:

   ftp.stanford.edu in pub/clubs/homebrew/mead.


* The Mead Association
  P.O. Box 4666
  Grand Junction, CO 81502
  1-800-693-MEAD
  outside US 303-442-9111 

* Mead Makers Page (WWW)

  http://www.atd.ucar.edu/rdp/gfc/mead/mead.html


* Mead book list: for a good list of books on mead mail:
  jkl2@Ra.MsState.edu (ask for book list).










***** Online Beekeeping Reference Sources ******



* Malcolm Roe is pleased to answer British beekeeping questions such as:
how to get started, the addresses of local associations and equipment
suppliers, where to get some bees, legal questions, etc.
 email  roe@crosfield.co.uk

* _The Hewitt Apicultural Collection_ 
gopher: <  gopher.uconn.edu > Select Libraries and Research
Services. Then Edward H Kirschbaum Library (Waterbury Campus).
Lastly, Hewitt Apicultural Collection. 
Sheila A. Lafferty, librarian/archivist at UCONN handles this great
resource.
Write her for a bibliography, or questions. email  wbladm03@uconnvm.uconn.edu

* B-EYE   bee eye simulator
WWW pages that offer to "see the world through the eyes of a bee."
http://cvs.anu.edu.au/andy/
Andy Giger
email  giger@rsbs-central.anu.edu.au


* Northern Bee books Newsletter
This monthly newsletter is an attempt at making information
on newly appearing beebooks, as well as on those 'golden
oldies' available to the beekeeping community.
It is published simultaneously in BEENET,
in sci.agiculture.beekeeping newsgroup and in BEE-L.
Our main source of info is at Northern bee books UK, but input
( related to beebooks) from others is hereby cordially invited.
email Hugo.Veerkamp@f28.n2801.z2.fidonet.org    Hugo Veerkamp (editor)


***** Specialists *****

 * Dr. Rick Fell, Apiculture/Entomology professor and researcher at VA Tech
is available for questions, comments and queries.         
email  rfell@vt.edu


 * Dr. Adrian Wenner, Biology professor and researcher at UCAL SB has
available information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu 

 * Diana Sammataro, bee researcher, author, is available for Tracheal mite
questions and tracheal mite information.
email  dsammata@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu


 * Jim Dixon has information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email jdixon@ogopogo.educ.sfu.ca

 * Sharon J. Collman, W.S.U. Cooperative Extension, also has Yellow Jacket
control information.
email collmans@wsuvm.csc.wsu.edu

* For historical bee lore questions (bees knees), and bee lore info
write Warner Granade, Librarian at UVa.
email jwg2y@poe.acc.virginia.edu

* Pollen Information, including pollen production and pollen usage is 
available from Rob Bidleman.
email robbee@crl.com 



* Paul Cheng will be coordinating the Bee sting/venom/allergy FAQ.
email him with your information/input.
email pccheng@merle.acns.nwu.edu


* For free information on observation hives
email bculture@aol.com    ask for _Observation Hive How-To

* Bee Venom contact
Michael Simics at 204 - 1331 15th Ave. S.W., Calgary ,Alta., Canada T3C 0X8
Ph/Fax  (403) 541-1877
email: dgscribi@system6.lcs.gov.bc.ca 


* BOMBUS
 A mailing list dedicated to Bumblebees.
 To subscribe, send a message to bombus-request@csi.uottawa.ca.
 To send a message to everyone on the list, mail it to
 bombus@csi.uottawa.ca.
 The Bombus list is maintained by Chris Plowright
 (plowright@csi.uottawa.ca)


What is BEE-L?
Charter:
BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information
concerning the biology of bees.  This includes honey bees
and other bees (and maybe even wasps).  We communicate about
sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution,
genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower
nectar and pollen production of bees.
On the technical side:
BEE-L is a computerized e-mail list. All e-mail sent to the BEE-L
address is duplicated and mailed to all the current subscribers on the
list. The listserver (the computer that runs the list) maintains a log
(archive) of all messages, and list members may request a copy of
the log. The archive has a separate file for each month, and these
files are currently saved for about a year. To access the listserve
computer itself (i.e. to subscribe to or unsubscribe from BEE-L, to
request a log file, etc.), send e-mail to the listserver address. Don't
send control messages to the BEE-L address, because the message
will just be sent to everyone on the list, and the computer will not do
what you wanted it to do. Note that most control messages contain
the list name (BEE-L) somewhere in the command, as the listserve
computer generally runs many lists at any given time.
 
How do I post a message to BEE-L?
If you are on the Internet, send an e-mail message to
bee-l@uacsc2.albany.edu If you are on BitNet, address your e-mail to
bee-l@ALBNYVM1.BITNET  Any message received at these addresses
will be duplicated and mailed to everyone currently subscribed to
the BEE-L list.
 
How do I subscribe to, or unsubscribe from BEE-L?
Send mail to the listserve computer (from the Internet the address is
listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu  from BitNet, the address is
listserv@ALBNYVM1.BITNET  To SUBSCRIBE, the body of your
message  must contain the line:
SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <your full name>
You may abbreviate SUBSCRIBE with SUB. Be sure to substitute your
real name for the <your full name> placeholder. You do not need
quotes or any other delimiters surrounding your name. The listserve
computer will determine your address from the "From:" header in
your message. To UNSUBSCRIBE, the body of your message must
contain the line:
SIGNOFF BEE-L
You may substitute either UNSUBSCRIBE or UNSUB for the SIGNOFF in
this command to remove your subscription to the list If your address
has changed since you subscribed, this command will fail - write to
YOUR local POSTMAST/POSTMASTER/POSTMSTR id for assistance.  If
that fails, then write to OWNER-BEE-L     @<listnode> for assistance.
If that fails, then write one of the following (these are typical addresses
that should be forwarded to a person who can answer your question):
POSTMASTER@<listnode>
POSTMAST@<listnode>
POSTMSTR@<listnode>
Note: <listnode> = ALBNYVM1.BITNET if you are on BitNet.
<listnode> = uacsc2.albany.edu  if you are on Internet).
 


To avoid this problem, UNSUBSCRIBE from  BEE-L before you move to
a new e-mail address, and then  resubscribe from your new address.
 
How do I get help using the listserver?
Send a message to the listserver, with the one word HELP in the body
of the message.  Address the message to listserv@albnyvm1.bitnet if
you  are on BitNet, or address it to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu if you
are  on the Internet. The listserver will mail a help document back to
you.  Sending the message INFO ? will cause the listserver to mail
you a  list of additional help documents that are available. These
additional  documents are requested by sending the message INFO
<topic> (be  sure to substitute the desired document name for <topic>)


Aknowledgments

I would like to thank the following individuals:

Jon Gefael who taught me and who is almost always right
Pete Thorsen who is a walking man page
Rick Hough for his FAQ contributions (the bee-l how-to), and gentle way
Ron Dippold and UVV for handling the newsgroup vote 
My school, VA Tech, for giving me an account
Dr. Rick Fell, for making me think
My old friend Jayne who bears with me even to this day
My children for their beauty
and to beekeepers worldwide
 
Copyright (c) 1995 by Adam Finkelstein, all rights reserved.
This FAQ may not be distributed for financial gain.
This FAQ may not be included in commercial collections or compilations
without express permission from the author.
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From prattrd@pto.ford.com Fri Mar 24 21:32:17 EST 1995
Article: 1500 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!newshost.marcam.com!zip.eecs.umich.edu!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!jobone!opeo!fiesta.srl.ford.com!eccdb1.pms.ford.com!tc1941.pto.ford.com!prattrd
From: prattrd@pto.ford.com (Rob Pratt)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Hornets, Wasp, Bee Name...?
Date: 24 Mar 1995 17:55:44 GMT
Organization: ECC at Ford Motor Company, Dearborn Michigan
Lines: 27
Message-ID: <3kv130$3pi@eccdb1.pms.ford.com>
References: <3kmt8h$ake@eccdb1.pms.ford.com> <3kn9p9$74t@hornet.my>
NNTP-Posting-Host: tc1941.pto.ford.com
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Timothy C. Eisele (tceisele@mtu.edu) wrote:
: Well, there is a species of wasp commonly referred to as the "mud dauber,"
: which builds nests out of mud for its larvae.  These are common in Michigan,
: and I broke open a few of the nests when I was a kid, and found each larva
: chamber stocked with numerous small, paralyzed spiders for food.  I don't 
: know what procedure the adults use to catch the spiders, but it is probably
: similar to what you describe above.  These wasps are a dark, metallic blue
: color, and the abdomen is connected to the thorax by a long, narrow neck.
: These apparently don't sting in self-defense (at least, none ever tried to 
: sting me :-) 

: There are probably a lot of wasp species that prey on spiders.

Thanks Tim.  Someone sent me an email (though the name leaves me now) with
some information about Spider Wasps and that sounds like what I was looking
for.  I also heard about African Hornets that swarm small animals stinging
them to death and laying eggs in them.  The later was I believe a bit 
harsher than I had expected to hear about.  Of the specific species the
one down in Arizonia called the 'Tarantula-Hawk' is as close to the
species as I have heard of now.  Again, my thanks to you all...if anyone
can get me anycloser or any other names its appreciated.  BTW, question
still stands, anyone know what the primary difference between wasps and
hornets is...?

Thanks again,
  Robb



From cave@cauldron.spdc.ti.com Fri Mar 24 21:32:19 EST 1995
Article: 1501 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.ti.com!cauldron!cauldron!not-for-mail
From: cave@cauldron.spdc.ti.com (Kandace Cave)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: How would I begin?
Date: 24 Mar 1995 13:47:46 -0600
Organization: TI Semiconductor Process and Design Center
Lines: 14
Message-ID: <3kv7l2$q56@epcot.spdc.ti.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: epcot.spdc.ti.com

My mother has a single bee box (hive?) on her property which my grandfather use
to keep before he died.  As far as I know the bees are still there, but no one
has cared for them in about 2-3 years now.  I am considering "taking over" the
job, but I know nothing about where to begin.  I am not really looking to do
this commercially, just to collect the honey for the family.  Can someone offer
some good advice about getting started?   Is this something that needs only
periodical upkeep, since the hive is far away and I might not be able to get
down there for weeks at a time?  Also how expensive would it be for just one
hive like that?

Thanks in advance,


Kandy


From london@sunSITE.unc.edu Tue Mar 28 23:12:01 EST 1995
Article: 1502 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!sunSITE!london
From: london@sunSITE.unc.edu (Larry London)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: sunSITE Beekeeping Archives
Date: 25 Mar 1995 03:06:33 GMT
Organization: UNC Office FOR Information Technology: SunSITE Project
Lines: 34
Message-ID: <3l01bp$14eu@bigblue.oit.unc.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: calzone.oit.unc.edu


Accessing Beekeeping Resources at sunSITE.unc.edu
-------------------------------------------------
WAIS (available via telnet, follow login instructions)
World Wide Web (lynx available via telnet for vt100 users)
  URL for beekeeping archives is:
gopher://sunsite.unc.edu/11/.pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping/
Ftpmail (Send e-mail to ftpmail@sunsite.unc.edu for help file on ftpmail usage) 
Anonymous ftp:
  ftp sunSITE.unc.edu
  cd pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping
Gopher: (gopher sunSITE.unc.edu)
go to:
The Worlds of sunSITE
  Sustainable Agriculture Information
    beekeeping  
-or go to:
The Worlds of SunSITE
  browse sunSITE archives
    academic
      agriculture
        sustainable_agriculture
          beekeeping 

For more information contact london@sunSITE.unc.edu. 











From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Mar 28 23:12:02 EST 1995
Article: 1503 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee Books (was How would I begin?)
Date: 25 Mar 1995 03:57:55 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 9
Message-ID: <3l04c3$f4q@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <3kv7l2$q56@epcot.spdc.ti.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

 Reading books about beekeeping helps.
I suggest: _The Beekeepers's Handbook_, Diana Sammataro and Alphonse
Avitable, New York, Macmillian, 1986 ISBN 0-02-081410-0.

Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From lebo@oasys.dt.navy.mil Tue Mar 28 23:12:04 EST 1995
Article: 1504 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!agate!dog.ee.lbl.gov!overload.lbl.gov!lll-winken.llnl.gov!xanth.cs.odu.edu!night.primate.wisc.edu!relay!relay2!relay-wo!dtix.dt.navy.mil!oasys.dt.navy.mil!not-for-mail
From: lebo@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Ken Lebo)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: BEE POLLEN
Date: 22 Mar 1995 10:34:57 -0500
Organization: Carderock Division, NSWC, Bethesda, MD
Lines: 15
Message-ID: <3kpg31INN5jl@oasys.dt.navy.mil>
Reply-To: lebo@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Ken Lebo)
NNTP-Posting-Host: oasys.dt.navy.mil


    I read an advertisement today in  Herbal Health Care, March 1995 issue,
on the advantages of bee pollen in diet.  The article says: "There are 22
basic elements in the human body - enzymes, hormones, vitamins, ammino acids
and others - which must be renewed by nutrient intake.  No food contains all
of them ... except Bee Pollen."  The article  goes on to say that bee pollen
has successfully been used to treat aging, digestive upsets, prostrate
diseases, etc. for years.  My question is; is there any validity in these
claims?  Anyone have any medical proof?



Thanks for listening.

Ken


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Tue Mar 28 23:12:05 EST 1995
Article: 1505 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk (Gordon Scott)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!peernews.demon.co.uk!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
Subject: Re: Hornets, Wasp, Bee Name...?
References: <3kmt8h$ake@eccdb1.pms.ford.com> <3kn9p9$74t@hornet.my> <3kv130$3pi@eccdb1.pms.ford.com>
Reply-To: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk
X-Newsreader: Demon Internet Simple News v1.29
Lines: 16
X-Posting-Host: apis.demon.co.uk
Date: Sat, 25 Mar 1995 11:45:30 +0000
Message-ID: <796131930snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

In article <3kv130$3pi@eccdb1.pms.ford.com>
           prattrd@pto.ford.com "Rob Pratt" writes:

> BTW, question
> still stands, anyone know what the primary difference between wasps and
> hornets is...?

Hornets are species of wasp, like bumbles are species of bee.

Regards
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From cappaert@umich.edu Tue Mar 28 23:12:06 EST 1995
Article: 1506 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!news.itd.umich.edu!pm035-14.dialip.mich.net!user
From: cappaert@umich.edu (David Cappaert)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Hornets, Wasp, Bee Name...?
Date: 24 Mar 1995 02:29:01 GMT
Organization: School of Natural Resources, UM
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <cappaert-2303952136220001@pm035-14.dialip.mich.net>
References: <3kmt8h$ake@eccdb1.pms.ford.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: pm035-14.dialip.mich.net

 prattrd@pto.ford.com (Rob Pratt) wrote:

> Anyway, long story short, friend and I were discussing various insects and
> had remembered hearing of one that actually hunts down spiders.  This
> Wasp (or Hornet or Bee) actually gets itself trapped in webs on purpose and
> then attacks the Spider - laying its eggs inside of it after stinging
the       spider.  The eggs then eventually hatch and the larva eat the
host.
> 
> Can any of you tell me the name of this insect?  ...

There are many wasps that parasitize spiders.  Many species of sphecids,
including mud daubers provision nests with spiders.  The Pompilidae is an
entire family of wasps that capture and paralyze spiders, insert them into
cells in rotten wood or soil, and then lay eggs on the body.  Some of
these attack and parasitize spiders in their burrows (rather than burying
them).  However I haven't heard of wasps that use webs as you describe.

-- 
David Cappaert <cappaert@umich.edu>


From p.kerr@auckland.ac.nz Tue Mar 28 23:12:08 EST 1995
Article: 1507 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!uunet!comp.vuw.ac.nz!waikato!auckland.ac.nz!NewsWatcher!user
From: p.kerr@auckland.ac.nz (Peter Kerr)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Pressure treated lumber
Date: Fri, 24 Mar 1995 16:38:59 +1200
Organization: School of Music University of Auckland
Lines: 31
Distribution: usa
Message-ID: <p.kerr-2403951638590001@130.216.90.127>
References: <1995Mar14.021635.15139@tron.bwi.wec.com> <3ki9vm$eij@chopin.udel.edu> <mah48d-200395121153@wm48d.ho.rohmhaas.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: 130.216.90.127

> In article <3ki9vm$eij@chopin.udel.edu>, pyro@chopin.udel.edu (Thomas Rich
> Schwerdt) wrote:
> > There has been a continuing thread on Rec.gardens about this very topic.
> > Apparently, pressure treating lumber involves forcing large quantities
> > of arsenic (VERY toxic to just about everyting, including people)
> > into the wood by using high pressure -- hence the "friendly" name of
> > "pressure treated." I personally would not want to eat anything that was
> > located near pressure treated lumber. Use cedar.

North American practice may be different, but in this part of the world we
have two main forms of pressure treatment: one uses a mix of
copper-chrome-arsenic salts for external timbers and keeps out rot and
bugs (including bees); the other uses boron salts and is for indoor use,
less deadly but it too is not recommended for beehive parts.
Penta-chlor-phenol has been banned here since the early 1980s.

Use cedar by all means if you can get it and afford it. Monterey cypress 
(C. macrocapora) is a substitute here.

But most people go for a cheap pine and soak the dry timber for at least a
couple of hours in a bath of proprietary copper naphthenate - resin mix
which soaks into the end grain about half an inch, and about 1/8 inch on
the sides. This skin of copper naphthenate is bound by the resins so the
bees don't get at it, but it prevents rot and bugs getting inside the
boards. It is possible to soak damp infected timber and end up with a
shell board with the inside all rotted out :-(

-- 
Peter Kerr                             bodger
School of Music                        chandler
University of Auckland                 neo-Luddite


From SMWV43A@prodigy.com Tue Mar 28 23:12:09 EST 1995
Article: 1508 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!swiss.ans.net!prodigy.com!usenet
From: SMWV43A@prodigy.com (David Scribner)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: swarm control
Date: 26 Mar 1995 05:17:30 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
Lines: 25
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3l2tda$12a0@usenetw1.news.prodigy.com>
References: <3kc53g$7ku@calvin.st-and.ac.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: inugap4.news.prodigy.com
X-Newsreader: Version 1.2

Norman,

  I don't think it would work to your advantage very well at all.  For 
one thing, in the spring you would have to constantly remove the bottom 
excluder to allow the emerging drones (which can't fit through the 
excluder) out.  If you don't they will die and clog the excluder, leading 
to stress in the worker bees as they try to work around the dead/dying 
bees.

  Also, bees usually store their pollen above the brood stores, not 
necessarily in the supers (like honey).  As such, that would defeat your 
idea of having them not go through an excluder as they would still have 
to go through the bottom excluder to get to the brood.  Also, nectar is 
not taken to the upper suppers by the bees returning from the field.  It 
is instead given over to the "house bees" upon entering the hive, which 
then take it to the supers or brood chamber themselves.  The field bees 
immediately return to the field to collect more nectar.

  You may wish to try it anyway, as I'm sure you'll learn a lot about the 
nature of bees and how they store goods in the hive, but expect a little 
frustration.

  Good luck!
    --Dave



From meaderyman@delphi.com Tue Mar 28 23:12:11 EST 1995
Article: 1509 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!news2.near.net!news.delphi.com!usenet
From: Robert Allen Stevens <meaderyman@delphi.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Sealing Top Feeders
Date: Sun, 26 Mar 95 11:56:48 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
Lines: 11
Message-ID: <hW76ngg.meaderyman@delphi.com>
References: <3kufok$c9m@Owl.nstn.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1a.delphi.com
X-To: Dan Goodwin <yrh@fox.nstn.ca>

Dan Goodwin <yrh@fox.nstn.ca> writes:
 
>Last winter I build several top feeders.
>I sealed the edges and bottom with melted bee's wax.
>As the boards warp or bend the wax does not move with them and results in a leak.
>
>I am looking for a new sealant that won't have adverse on the syurp, medication or bees.
 
Betterbee uses a marine sealant for the top feeders they make for sale to the
beekeeping industry. If you have a marine supply store near you, you might try
there or call Betterbee at 1-800-632-3379 and perha[ps they will sell you some.


From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Tue Mar 28 23:12:12 EST 1995
Article: 1510 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!insosf1.infonet.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!news.mathworks.com!udel!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!fnnews.fnal.gov!gw2.att.com!nntpa!not-for-mail
From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: License And Apistan Permits
Message-ID: <D6402D.9Jn@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Sender: news@nntpa.cb.att.com (Netnews Administration)
Nntp-Posting-Host: mvuts.mv.att.com
Organization: AT&T
Distribution: usa
Date: Mon, 27 Mar 1995 17:18:12 GMT
Lines: 18

Although this doesn't apply to everyone on this list,
I could not narrow the list down to just New Hampshire, so  sorry!

Anyway, I just heard from another New Hampshire beekeeper
that we have to have a permit to use Apistan if we sell or even give
our honey away! We don't need the permit for personal use.
(Like what am I going to do with #600 pounds of honey, bath in it!)

Also all hives are to be registered with the state?

The fee for the Apistan usage is $20?
What does that by me in a state with NO inspectors!

Is there any truth to this or what?

Dave Verville
att!mvtowers!mvdfv



From larryk@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu Tue Mar 28 23:12:17 EST 1995
Article: 1511 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!nntp.msstate.edu!night.primate.wisc.edu!aplcenmp!larryk
From: larryk@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu (LA Kellogg lawrence a 2023833558)
Subject: Reversing..
Message-ID: <D63xsL.6GC@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu>
Organization: Johns Hopkins Continuing Professional Programs
Date: Mon, 27 Mar 1995 16:29:09 GMT
Lines: 27

Hello, 
  I have a hive with two deeps on it and one shallow. I didn't harvest any 
honey from this hive so I left the shallow on all winter. Anyway, about 
a week ago, I reversed the hive...the bottom deep was empty and the cluster 
was in the top deep and part of the shallow. There were honey stores in the 
shallow.. so I put it like so...

                     Empty Deep
                     Shallow
                     Deep with brood...

  Now, I checked my bees this weekend and I found the queen wandering around on 
a frame of of capped honey in the shallow. So, I moved her onto an empty frame 
in the shallow and took the shallow and put it at the bottom of the hive with 
the deeps over it. Did I do the right thing? Should I have stuck her in the 
deep? Thereis plenty of room in thatdeep for her to lay...I figured she would
move up. What do you think?

   Regards,

    Larry Kellogg

-- 
  

-------------------------------------------------------------
          o 


From SMWV43A@prodigy.com Tue Mar 28 23:12:19 EST 1995
Article: 1512 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SMWV43A@prodigy.com (David Scribner)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Reversing..
Date: 28 Mar 1995 04:54:33 GMT
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Larry,

  I'm sure the bees will make whatever adjustments they need to make it 
right  by them, however from my limited experience and the texts I've 
read, I probably would have done it as so...

    Empty Shallow (If the one below is full enough.  If not, wait.)
    Shallow with Honey
    Empty Deep
    Deep with Brood

  That would have allowed the queen to move up into the empty deep (as 
you found out, movement upward by the queen seems to be natural) so she 
could continue to lay in it.  Since bees also naturally and usually store 
thier honey stores above the brood, keep the shallows above.  Also, the 
frames in the deep seem to provide a more naturally accomodating size 
area for the queen to lay as most beekeepers (as such, I take it to mean 
the bees do to) prefer deeps or mediums for brood and shallows or mediums 
for honey.

  When you check into the hive later in the season and find the top deep 
brood chamber full with eggs/capped brood/emerging brood the queen should 
have moved down into the bottom deep (a queen excluder helps to 
facilitate this).  If she hasn't, switching the deeps again putting the 
empty deep back on top of the other brood chamber will allow her to once 
again move upward and lay in the deep with the most free space.

  Hope this helps...

    --Dave




From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Mar 28 23:12:20 EST 1995
Article: 1513 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Reversing..
Date: 28 Mar 1995 11:30:03 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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 When you reverse, your goal is to give the queen and expanding brood nest
room. However if you can help it, you do not want to split the nest.
Splitting the nest retards colony build up. I try to keep honey over the
brood nest, reversing boxes and leaving honey above.
But, yeah, the queen often moves into the honey, turning the honey box into
brood. So, in this case, I put the most brood on the bottom, then the least
brood, then the empty.

Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Mar 28 23:12:21 EST 1995
Article: 1514 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: BEE POLLEN
Date: 28 Mar 1995 11:34:42 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <3l8s8i$pe4@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <3kpg31INN5jl@oasys.dt.navy.mil> <jdland-2803950139350001@dal14.pic.net>
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NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <jdland-2803950139350001@dal14.pic.net>,
Jodelle Landers <jdland@pic.net> wrote:

 Quotes from highly illustrious people in the medical profession deleted.
>
>Just a few of a multitude of statements by doctors concerning the benefits
>of pollen.  Bee Smart,Jody
 
 If pollen is so wonderful for humans, why aren't beekeepers selling it
like crazy? Seems like a way to keep everybody happy, yes?

Adam

-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From jdland@pic.net Tue Mar 28 23:12:23 EST 1995
Article: 1515 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jdland@pic.net ( Jodelle Landers)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: BEE POLLEN
Date: 28 Mar 1995 07:40:27 GMT
Organization: PICnet
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In article <3kpg31INN5jl@oasys.dt.navy.mil>, lebo@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Ken
Lebo) wrote:

>     I read an advertisement today in  Herbal Health Care, March 1995 issue,
> on the advantages of bee pollen in diet.  The article says: "There are 22
> basic elements in the human body - enzymes, hormones, vitamins, ammino acids
> and others - which must be renewed by nutrient intake.  No food contains all
> of them ... except Bee Pollen."  The article  goes on to say that bee pollen
> has successfully been used to treat aging, digestive upsets, prostrate
> diseases, etc. for years.  My question is; is there any validity in these
> claims?  Anyone have any medical proof?
> 
> 
> 
> Thanks for listening.
> 
> Ken

Dr.  Carlton Fredericks:_Honeybee pollen is the only super perfect food on
this earth.  This has been proven so many times in the laboratories around
the world by a chemical analyst that it is not a subject to debate nor
challenge_.

Dr. Bernard Jensen:  _Much has been said about pollen helping glands in
the body.  All experiments on animals show that it prolongs life and helps
to keep glands in good order._

Dr. Sigmund Schmidt: _Eat pollen.  Pollen contains all the essential
elements, vitamins, and minerals, for healthy tissue and therefore could
be a preventative for disease._

Dr. Kilmer McCully, M.D., Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical
School:_The three highest foods having the B^ Methionine ratio are bananas
with a ratio of 40, carrots with a ratio of 15, and onions with a ratio of
10.  Honeybee pollen has a ratio of 400 to 1._

Just a few of a multitude of statements by doctors concerning the benefits
of pollen.  Bee Smart,Jody


From htho@se.bel.alcatel.be Tue Mar 28 23:12:24 EST 1995
Article: 1516 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: htho@se.bel.alcatel.be (Hugo Thone)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: BEE POLLEN
Date: 28 Mar 1995 14:43:01 GMT
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In article <jdland-2803950139350001@dal14.pic.net>, jdland@pic.net ( Jodelle Landers) writes:


>Dr.  Carlton Fredericks:_Honeybee pollen ......

>Dr. Bernard Jensen:  _Much has been said about pollen ....

>Dr. Sigmund Schmidt: _Eat pollen.  Pollen contains all ....

>Dr. Kilmer McCully, M.D., Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical
>School:_The three highest foods ......  Honeybee pollen has a ratio of 400 to 1._

>Just a few of a multitude of statements by doctors concerning the benefits
>of pollen.  Bee Smart,Jody




Do those guys happen to be both doctor and beekeeper ?

	Cheers
		Hugo
-- 

Hugo Thone (SE121)                        email : htho@se.bel.alcatel.be
ALCATEL BELL TELEPHONE                    phone : (32) 3 240 94 52
F.Wellesplein 1                           fax   : (32) 3 240 99 50
B-2018 Antwerp


                           do bee do bee do ....


From jcooper@infinet.com Tue Mar 28 23:12:25 EST 1995
Article: 1517 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jcooper@infinet.com (Joseph Cooper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Apistan Permits in New Hampshire
Date: 28 Mar 1995 16:21:15 GMT
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Live Free Or Die.


--
*************************     
*     Joseph Cooper     *      
*  jcooper@infinet.com  *
*************************


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Thu Mar 30 22:57:02 EST 1995
Article: 1518 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Jump start comb for new hive?
Date: 29 Mar 1995 05:03:53 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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: Or should I just let nature take its course and wait for the bees
: to build the comb? Seems like a lot of work for a new nuc to have
: to build all the comb and gather pollen etc.

: I have some old frames with drawn comb that I've kept in the basement
: for the past 8 years, I caught a brief wax moth infestation and
: stopped it. Better to trash those older frames, or use them for
: brood frames for the new nuc?

Use them.  As you infer, this will save the colony much effort at a time
when it is not very strong, and allow the queen to begin laying almost
immediately.  Also, I know there's some dissagreement about feeding, but
*my experience* is that if you give them all the syrup they can take, you
will get faster colony build-up.  You can use a coffee can with holes
poked into the lid as a feeder.  (You can put it inside or outside, but I
find that a temporary plywood outercover with a large hole in it works
well.  Just put the inverted feeder on top of the cover, over the hole, and 
brace with a couple of bricks.  Make sure the location of the hole (and
therefore feeder) is not directly over the center of the nuc or the hive,
in case it drips.  I like this method becuase it's cheap and I don't have
to open the hive/nuc to add more syrup - also, unlike some feeder designs,
you don't risk drowning the bees.)

One thing, (it's probably obvious but can't hurt to add) *don't* use the 
frames if you think there's any cahnce of their having been exposed to 
foulbrood.  Also, be aware of the varroa mite problem - shouldn't be an 
issue right now, though.  (There's plenty of discussion on this newsgroup 
regarding that.)

Dave


From david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM Thu Mar 30 22:57:04 EST 1995
Article: 1519 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: david macfawn <david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM>
Subject: requeening
Message-ID: <D64A17.7zx@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
Sender: news@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (news)
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Date: Mon, 27 Mar 1995 20:53:30 GMT
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I have been experimenting with ways to requeen quicker.  One thought was to 
place the queen cell above a queen excluder with the old queen below the
excluder.  This way the old queen could not get to the new queen cell to
destroy it.  When the queen hatches will the new queen and old queen fight
with hopefully the new queen winning, will they swarm, or ???  Has anyone ever
done this.  I am trying to avoid going in and finding the old queen before
placing the new queen cell in the hive.  Finding the old queen often takes a
lot of time.

Thanks, Dave M.


david macfawn
AT&T Global Information Solutions
david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM
(803) 939-632-7409


From kcm999@arts.usask.ca Thu Mar 30 22:57:06 EST 1995
Article: 1520 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!kuroshio.ccpo.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!enews.sgi.com!decwrl!tribune.usask.ca!arts.usask.ca!kcm999
From: kcm999@arts.usask.ca (Keith Moore)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Rare Beekeeping Books F.S.
Date: 28 Mar 1995 18:34:14 GMT
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I have two rare beekeeping books for sale:

1. Signed first edition of The Honey Bee: A guide for Beekeepers  by V.R. 
Vickery, 1991. 240 pp, exc. condition. This is a very good general 
reference for north american beekeepers, retails for about $35 
(unsigned), I'll take US $20.

2.Beekeeping by E.F. Phillips, 1915 first edition. 457 pages, very good 
condition. I was asking US $ 50.00, but I'll take US $35.00. This book is 
a classic period reference.

Both prices are w/o shipping costs added.

Keith Moore



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Thu Mar 30 22:57:07 EST 1995
Article: 1521 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!news.iag.net!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Instrumental Insemination Apparatus
Date: 28 Mar 1995 22:32:46 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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References: <1995Mar28.155933.145@news.brandonu.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <1995Mar28.155933.145@news.brandonu.ca>,
Michael Lewis <$lewismj@brandonu.ca> wrote:
>I was just wondering if anybody reading sci.agriculture. beekeeping knows 
>of a distributor in North America of the Laidlaw Instrumental 
>insemination apparatus. 

Sue Cobey handles German stuff: you might contact her.
email scobey@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu

_ABJ_ often has people selling II sets in their classifieds.

Adam

-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From @brandonu.ca Thu Mar 30 22:57:08 EST 1995
Article: 1522 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Instrumental Insemination Apparatus
Message-ID: <1995Mar28.155933.145@news.brandonu.ca>
From: $lewismj@brandonu.ca (Michael Lewis)
Date: 28 Mar 95 15:59:33 CST
Reply-To: $lewismj@brandonu.ca
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I was just wondering if anybody reading sci.agriculture. beekeeping knows 
of a distributor in North America of the Laidlaw Instrumental 
insemination apparatus. I am doing a project with queen bees for my
undergraduate thesis, and would appreciate it if anybody knows where I can
purchase the apparatus. I can be contacted through e-mail at:$lewismj@brandonu.ca.
Thanks!

Michael Lewis, Department of Zoology, Brandon University, Brandon Manitoba.


From bmaccion@promus.com Thu Mar 30 22:57:10 EST 1995
Article: 1523 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bmaccion@promus.com (Bob Maccione)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Let'em live or kill'em?
Date: Wed, 29 Mar 1995 09:28:18
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Hi, I just purchased a house in the country (on a couple of acres) and have a 
question on the local flying population.  I have wasps, small and fat bees.  I
haven't looked for holes in the wood to determine what type of fat bees I have,
but am wondering which are OK to leave alone and which ones I should kill.  I
assume that I should kill of the wasps and the nests but am unsure about the 
bees.

Also any suggestions on how to get rid if them would be helpful,

thanks,
bob maccione




From ed@gpcc.ultranet.com Thu Mar 30 22:57:11 EST 1995
Article: 1524 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ed@gpcc.ultranet.com (Ed Sterling)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Jump start comb for new hive?
Date: 29 Mar 1995 04:24:05 GMT
Organization: Girder and Panel Club
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Greetings,

I am new to this list. I kept 5 hives up in Canada from 81 to 86,
quite successful, and enjoyable. Traded the bees for babies in 87,
moved, and had to put beekeeping on the back burner. Psyched up
this Spring to get a few hives going again on a friends nearby farm.

I recall from earlier days wishing I had some drawn comb to offer
the queen when I started a new hive. Can I get any suggestions
on possible jump-start strategies for a new hive? I'd read about
plastic combs back around 1985, what's the status of that recently?
Should it be used only for honey storage, or will a queen lay in
it as well as true wax comb. Any other materials available?

Or should I just let nature take its course and wait for the bees
to build the comb? Seems like a lot of work for a new nuc to have
to build all the comb and gather pollen etc.

I have some old frames with drawn comb that I've kept in the basement
for the past 8 years, I caught a brief wax moth infestation and
stopped it. Better to trash those older frames, or use them for
brood frames for the new nuc?

Thanks for the advice.

Ed
-- 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
Ed Sterling, GPCC       | ACTUAL quotes from my kids: "Daddy, hummingbirds
Bolton, MA 01740 USA    | help the bees put honey in the flowers!" "In the
Phone/FAX: 508-779-6058 | daytime, the sun melts the moon into 
cloudpieces!"
 "ed@gpcc.ultranet.com" | "A snowman makes the quietest sounds in the 
world"
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
I can never remember the hex location in low core of the brain-check new 
PSW
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
http://www.ultranet.com/~ed => info about collecting toys from 
1950s/60s/70s
such as playsets, Army toys, GI Joe, cowboy gun sets, building sets, etc!!



From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Fri Mar 31 22:12:24 EST 1995
Article: 1525 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: requeening
Date: Wed, 29 Mar 95 07:37:01 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 223
Message-ID: <173706B23S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <D64A17.7zx@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu
Keywords: Requeening ala Nick!

In article <D64A17.7zx@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
david macfawn <david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM> writes:
 
>
>I have been experimenting with ways to requeen quicker...
>
 
A good answer to David's question was posted last year in BEE-L by Nick
Wallingford and can be found in the BEE-L LOG9403 archives.  To save
folks the trouble, I'll post it again.
 
>-> Date:         Sun, 13 Mar 1994 15:08:00 +1300
>-> Reply-To:     Discussion of Bee Biology <BEE-L@ALBNYVM1.BITNET>
>-> Sender:       Discussion of Bee Biology <BEE-L@ALBNYVM1.BITNET>
>-> From:         NICKW@WAIKATO.AC.NZ
>-> Subject:      Requeening without finding the queen
>->
>-> Summary:  Description of requeening a hive without having to look
>-> for the old queen.  Variation of an article that orginally
>-> appeared in the Beginners Notes column of the NZ Beekeeper
>-> several years ago.
>->
>-> REQUEENING WITHOUT LOOKING FOR THE QUEEN by Nick Wallingford
>->
>-> One of the big stumbling blocks for many beginner beekeepers is
>-> that problem of how do you actually get the queen into the hive.
>-> The fundamentals -- the colony should be queenless, it should be
>-> well fed and it should have young bees emerging.
>->
>-> How do you actually go about doing it?  Most books tell you
>-> simply to find the old queen, kill her, and introduce your young
>-> queen in the mailing cage she came in.  Fine, you think.  Until
>-> you go out to look through your (strong) (aggressive) (agitated)
>-> colony for the queen.  And knowing that you have your valuable,
>-> newly-arrived queen sitting in the house just waiting to be
>-> installed!
>->
>-> So this message will be mostly devoted to giving you a method of
>-> introducing new queens to your hives without ever having to look
>-> for the old queen.  And like any such system, it is not
>-> foolproof.  It works for me and for many other beekeepers, but if
>-> it doesn't for you, first make sure you are following directions.
>-> Then consider special problems you might have, especially as they
>-> relate to the 'golden rules' of queenless, well-fed, with plenty
>-> of young bees.
>->
>-> The system I will describe is not new, and it was not my idea.
>-> It's a combination of all sorts of ideas.  Its the sort of
>-> management technique that develops when you have a fair idea of
>-> what you want to do, but you're not sure how.  Then, rather than
>-> just making up your system, you sit back and think about bee
>-> behaviour and try to work effectively within the bounds of the
>-> ways bees will *usually* respond to certain stimuli.
>->
>-> The object of the system is to create a nucleus colony on top of
>-> the old colony.  I wanted a system that could be easily used by
>-> hobbyist or commercial beekeeper alike, without ever looking for
>-> the queen.  It should be versatile, both in being able to deal
>-> with colonies of differing strengths and with end results.  That
>-> is, the resulting nucleus, or top, can be used to re-queen with
>-> or to start a new colony.  The method should use a minimum of
>-> extra equipment, and no exotic or complicated gadgets (much as I
>-> like them...)
>->
>-> They are based around beekeeping systems that use two full depth
>-> brood chambers for most of the year.  The system introduces a
>-> third box, which is of the same depth as the brood chamber boxes.
>-> After all is complete, you'll want to work this extra box 'out',
>-> especially if you (1) use different depth boxes for
>-> storing/extracting surplus and/or (2) you are particular about
>-> using white comb only (never used for brood rearing) as honey
>-> supers.
>->
>-> The only 'extra' piece of equipment needed is a split board, also
>-> known as a division board.  To those of you who may not know what
>-> that is, it is simply a hive mat (inner cover) that has had a
>-> notch cut out of the rim on one side so as to form an entrance
>-> for a colony set above it.  The notch can be anywhere from 20 to
>-> 100 mm wide; I prefer to have mine about 50 mm, making it large
>-> enough for a fairly strong unit but still small enough that the
>-> bees can protect it while the colony is still small.
>->
>-> I have modified the inner covers on all of my hives in this
>-> manner.  Just to try something new this last autumn, I turned
>-> them over on my hives in an effort to give some sort of upper
>-> ventilation.  I'm not really sure how much good it did.
>->
>-> You will also need a queen excluder.  As I have one of these for
>-> each hive as a matter of course, that is no problem. One last
>-> piece of equipment needed will be another box of drawn comb.
>->
>-> Now, after all that prelude, let's see how the system works.  For
>-> the sake of beginning, let us assume that it is springtime and
>-> your colony is housed in two boxes and you want to simply
>-> re-queen it.  As you'll see later, you have other options, but
>-> let's start from this basic case.
>->
>-> When you open your hive, you'll find most of the brood and bees
>-> in the upper box.  Remove three frames of brood, both sealed and
>-> unsealed, from the centre of the brood nest.  Take a glance over
>-> them first to see if you can spot the queen.  Now that you're
>-> starting on a method that means you don't have to find her, its
>-> amazing how often you will!  Then shake all of the bees off of
>-> them, back into the colony.
>->
>-> You needn't shake off every last one of them, so long as you are
>-> sure that the queen is not one of the bees remaining. Now, place
>-> these three frames into the middle of the box of combs you have
>-> brought with you.
>->
>-> If there are plenty of stores in the parent colony, take two good
>-> frames of honey, shake the bees from them, and place them in the
>-> new box with the three frames of brood.  If there is not much
>-> honey in the hive, you will have to feed either the parent hive,
>-> the nucleus, or in the worst case, both.
>->
>-> Now, you can start to re-build the hive.  Replace all the frames
>-> you have taken from the parent colony with empty combs, doing
>-> your best not to split the brood nest if possible.  On top of
>-> this second box, place the queen excluder.  On top of the
>-> excluder, place the new box containing the brood and honey that
>-> has had the bees shaken from them.
>->
>-> Put the lid on the hive and go away.  Think about what you have
>-> just done.  You have lifted brood and bees above the excluder.
>-> What is going to happen to the brood up there?  The pheromones it
>-> gives off will attract nurse bees that are down in the main hive
>-> up to it.  Combining that with the frames of honey, the third box
>-> that you have added has quite a 'pull' to bring bees up into it.
>->
>-> But remember, there is a queen excluder between the boxes, so
>-> there is no way the old queen can come up there.
>->
>-> After about 20 minutes, if you go back to the hive and lift the
>-> lid, you will find that enough bees have come up into the nucleus
>-> to take care of the brood, defend the colony and take care of
>-> your new queen.
>->
>-> All you have to do now is replace the queen excluder with the
>-> division board and presto!  You have your nucleus colony ready
>-> for introducing the young queen.  It is queenless (because the
>-> queen couldn't come up through the excluder).  It has plenty of
>-> young bees (because they have come up to take care of the brood
>-> you lifted).  And it has plenty of food (because you provided
>-> them with two frames of honey).  All the conditions have been met
>-> for ideal queen introduction.  You can expect that some of the
>-> bees will drift back to the main colony, but the young bees
>-> taking care of the brood will most likely remain - the new unit
>-> shouldn't drop in bee strength too drastically.
>->
>-> This system could be used on a larger number of hives.  By the
>-> time the beekeeper has worked through the yard, shaking bees from
>-> brood and honey to lift into the new box, the first hive would
>-> have been left long enough for the bees to come up.
>->
>-> Introduce your young queen into the top and wait a week. Don't
>-> disturb them in this time if at all possible; until the new queen
>-> is established and laying fully, the bees haven't really fully
>-> accepted her.  Disturb them during this period and it is possible
>-> for them to turn on her.
>->
>-> After a week, you will have a parent colony on the bottom, only
>-> slightly reduced in strength by the bees, brood and honey you
>-> took.  And you will have a nucleus colony headed by a young queen
>-> above the split board, all set for your next decision.
>->
>-> You can either use it to re-queen the parent colony, or you could
>-> place it on its own floor to use for increasing your colony
>-> numbers.  If you choose the second option, it would be best if
>-> you actually moved it several miles away to avoid the loss of
>-> field strength through drifting.
>->
>-> If you want to re-queen the parent colony, you could now go
>-> through it, looking for the old queen, preparing to unite the two
>-> colonies by replacing the split board with a sheet of newspaper
>-> for them to chew their way through. But that would defeat the
>-> whole point, wouldn't it?  We're supposed to be doing this
>-> without ever looking for a queen, aren't we?
>->
>-> If you can go through and find the old queen, aided by any
>-> tricks/knacks you might have to quickly locate queens, so much
>-> the better.  You're certain of results then.
>->
>-> But, believe it or not, you have the odds of success heavily in
>-> your favour if you simply newspaper the two units together
>-> without looking for the old queen at all.  In almost 90% of the
>-> cases, if you unite two colonies with the young queen on the top
>-> of an old queen, the young queen will be left to head the
>-> resulting hive.
>->
>-> Why this happens is open to argument.  Some beekeepers will tell
>-> you that the bees always select the best of the two queens. I
>-> doubt that.  My explanation goes along the lines of the young
>-> queen's bees are confined in the top box when you replace the
>-> split board with newspaper.  As well, her field bees returning
>-> cannot use their normal entrance, the slot on the split board.
>-> They then drift down to the main colony entrance.  As they are
>-> foragers returning with a load, they will be accepted without
>-> causing outrageous fighting at the hive entrance.  I think the
>-> old queen is then probably killed by the 'scissor' effect of bees
>-> foreign to her coming at her from both directions - down as the
>-> bees confined above the newspaper chew through and move down in
>-> the hive, and up by the foragers from the top unit coming in
>-> through the bottom entrance and finding a 'strange' queen in
>-> 'their' hive.
>->
>-> It has certainly worked for me, and if the thought of trying to
>-> find queens is an impossible one for you, the system might be
>-> worth considering.  You might just want to experiment with it to
>-> see if the time savings will repay the small amount of
>-> uncertainty involved.
>->
>-> It's not the answer to all of a beekeepers problems, but it just
>-> gives you an idea how by thinking a little bit about bee
>-> behaviour, you can sort out your management system to make your
>-> life a little easier while doing all you can in the interests of
>-> maximum production.
>->
>-> -------------------------------------
>->           Nick Wallingford
>->  (East coast, N Island, New Zealand)
>->      Internet nickw@waikato.ac.nz
>-> -------------------------------------


From socrates@gate.net Fri Apr  7 11:45:08 EDT 1995
Article: 1526 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!oitnews.harvard.edu!das-news2.harvard.edu!news2.near.net!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!tequesta.gate.net!NewsWatcher!user
From: socrates@gate.net (gary)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Does Honey Go Bad In The Hive?
Date: Fri, 31 Mar 1995 12:42:40 -0500
Organization: ampr.org
Lines: 21
Message-ID: <socrates-3103951242400001@198.1.1.1>
NNTP-Posting-Host: hopi.gate.net

I have access to 2 honey bee hives that have been abandon and have not
been maintained for at least five years. The bees left one of the
hives about a month ago and I harvested the honey and wax.

Most of the frames in the abandoned hive had a very dark honey, a
couple were golden and a couple had a deep green tinge. The combs in
the top two supers were intact but the brood super had some combs that
were dried out and there was some mildew (I did not harvest this honey).
The bees in the active hive are very docile and all three supers are being used.

Would it be safe to consume the honey from either of these two hives? If
not, what use could I put the honey to? Should I just feed it back to the
bees?

How can I clean up the wax so I can use it for candles, etc.

Thanks.

-- 
=>Gary
socrates@gate.net


From dalex@eskimo.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:09 EDT 1995
Article: 1527 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!oitnews.harvard.edu!das-news2.harvard.edu!cantaloupe.srv.cs.cmu.edu!rochester!udel!news.mathworks.com!mvb.saic.com!eskimo!dalex
From: dalex@eskimo.com (Dave Alexander)
Subject: Re: Let'em live or kill'em?
X-Nntp-Posting-Host: eskimo.com
Message-ID: <D6BE7w.BtK@eskimo.com>
Sender: usenet@eskimo.com (News User Id)
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References: <bmaccion.168.00097908@promus.com>
Date: Fri, 31 Mar 1995 17:07:07 GMT
Lines: 9

why do you want to kill the wasps.  if you had ever seen the inside
of a wasp nest and seen the amoumt of bugs they feed to their
young you would never consider killing them.  for all the good they
do you should be willing to put up with what every problem they 
might cause...

dave alexander




From oliphant@engr.wisc.edu Fri Apr  7 11:45:10 EDT 1995
Article: 1528 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: oliphant@engr.wisc.edu (Paul Oliphant)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Sealing Top Feeders
Date: 31 Mar 1995 03:51:39 GMT
Organization: Computer-Aided Engineering
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <3lfu8b$hui@news.doit.wisc.edu>
References: <3kufok$c9m@Owl.nstn.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: dialin-12.engr.wisc.edu
Mime-Version: 1.0
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.93.14

In article <3kufok$c9m@Owl.nstn.ca>, yrh@fox.nstn.ca says...
>
>Last winter I build several top feeders.
>I sealed the edges and bottom with melted bee's wax.
>As the boards warp or bend the wax does not move with them and 
results in a leak.
>
>I am looking for a new sealant that won't have adverse on the 
syurp, medication or bees.
>
I took a simpler approach and drove down to the local paint store
and bought some unused gal paint can with some extra lids. I then
punched holes in a few lids with a 4d nail. They seen to work
great. 

Paul



From lso@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu Fri Apr  7 11:45:12 EDT 1995
Article: 1529 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!usenet.fiu.edu!usenet.ufl.edu!gnv.ifas.ufl.edu!lso
From: lso@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Non bee pollen
Message-ID: <1995Mar30.085851.6408@tower>
Date: 30 Mar 95 08:58:51 -0500
Lines: 9

HELP!!!!
I need pollen to feed a colony of predatory mites.  The problem
I have is that these mites will not accept bee-pollen.  I need it

from the plant directly.  Is there anyplace I can buy pollen from?
I can use as much as I can get.
Thank you for any help you can give me. This is urgent.
Lance Osborne 
University of Florida


From dhmillma@dag.carleton.ca Fri Apr  7 11:45:13 EDT 1995
Article: 1530 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dhmillma@dag.carleton.ca (David H. Millman)
Subject: Bee Venom
Message-ID: <D6B42I.676@cunews.carleton.ca>
Sender: news@cunews.carleton.ca (News Administrator)
Organization: Carleton University
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera:844 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1530


Someone I know has a large quantity (more than 1 kg, I believe)
of bee venom and is looking to sell it.  He is interested in
info on the following subjects:

Are there any restrictions on bringing it into Canada?
Are there any restrictions on bringing it into the US?
Who is interested in buying this stuff?
What is a reasonable price for this stuff?

ANY info would be much appreciated.


Cheers!


      David Millman
aa342@freenet.carleton.ca
 dhmillma@ccs.carleton.ca


From syrphus@ibm.net Fri Apr  7 11:45:14 EDT 1995
Article: 1531 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: syrphus@ibm.net
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Wintering bees in loboratory
Date: 31 Mar 1995 23:04:17 GMT
Lines: 4
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X-Newsreader: IBM NewsReader/2 v1.03

Do any have experience with wintering small bee families inside in the winter time.
I have tried with box with light where the bees could drink sugar and pollen, but a lot of bees went out of the hive and died.
Please write your experience !
Ï#o


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Fri Apr  7 11:45:16 EDT 1995
Article: 1532 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: In search of Follower Boards
Date: Fri, 31 Mar 95 08:31:09 EST
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In Eugene Killion's "Honey in the Comb" he mentions a follower board,
which is a frame-like piece of equipment that is placed between the
inner walls of a super and the frames.  Killion runs his hives with
9 frames sandwitched between two follower boards, which can be easily
removed when working the hive, providing room to move that just isn't
there in a ten frame hive.  The plans for the follower board are
included in his book, and a follower board should be easy enough to
make up, except that the width of the follower board (3/8 in or 10 mm)
is not a standard stock for pine.  This is no problem if one has the
right tools, specifically a planer to reduce standard stock (3/4 in) to
the needed width, but the price of a planer will more than cover the
cost of commercially offered follower boards, except I've never seen
follower boards offered commercially.  Anyone know of a source?
TIA!
Aaron Morris


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:17 EDT 1995
Article: 1533 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bbs'ing for Honey Data Base
Date: Sat,  1 Apr 1995 06:12:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590394@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 127       


Adam, could you let me know via e-mail if you find this message
in the beekeeping conference. I am having a little problem exporting
mail. thanks andy@beenet.com
-----due to uucp problems this may be a dup message---------------------

mar 30, 1995

Hello Bee Person's!

1st, I must congratulate all who have made the effort to retrieve
the NHB data base file on bees, honey, etc.. Some have failed,
don't give up. If you have an interest in keeping bee's, the
science of it all, or just would like to have information on
honey bee's but don't know who to ask, this data base may be your
key to better things. There is nothing like it and the cost is
no more then the time you will spend on line downloading it. It
is worth every nickel, in my opinion, after 40+ years experience
working, wondering, and worrying about my own bee's. I have noted
some shall we say "intimidation" on the part of new bbs callers, and I
sometimes forget how it feels the first time, on line with a new system,
that is until I think about the internet. Well bbs'ing is not like
fishing on the internet, but can be frustrating when you don't have the
right bait or communications programs, or the right set up for bbs's
which are different from calling a commercial dial up system or the
internet.

My suggestion is that you should know that NO harm is done to Wild
Bee's if you just unplug your computer, modem, or phone,.. when all else
fails, and I fault no one who does. My Sainted Grandmother would often
say something to the effect to me when I passed wind. And after all is
that not what most of us really do with modems, "It is far better to
pull the plug and bare the shame, then not to, and bare the pain of a
inflated telephone bill." Well maybe it was something a little different
than that, it was a long time ago. She was the same Grandmother who told
me always to put on clean shorts, just in case I got hit by a trolley
crossing the street and had to go to the horsepitel for treatment...

IS THERE LIFE OTHER THEN INTER-NETTING?

Or how to get what I want (HON-BIBL.EXE) for as little time, money
or effort from Wild Bee's BBS.

foreword:

   There are ten's of thousands dial up bbs's, Wild Bee's bbs is one
of 30,000 bulletin boards that use the Wild Cat Program, and that is
only one of the dozen or more bulletin board programs available.
Millions of call's every day are made to dial up bbs. Wild Bee's had
600 different caller's last year, and many thousands of calls, we
will exceed that this year several times.

   Most Wild Cat bbs's can be connected to the internet by dial up
uucp programs that allow the sysop to download and upload messages to
and from internet newsgroups and e-mail. They are not for the most part
fully connected to the internet and most can not telenet or be
telenetted...you have to dial them up on your nickel.

   When you do, you should use a communications program that supports
bbs-ansi, but other protocols will work, ansi is best. You must set your
modem to 8N1, which is different then some of the services like
CompuServe. A 14.4 modem is preferred, but a 2400 bd modem will work,
just takes a lot longer to do anything. Wild Bee's supports modem
speeds to 28.8 bd.

   All bbs's require some sort of registration to insure some security
for the system's operator, after all you are to be a guest in my home
even if only a image in cypher space. The questioners are almost
standard, and many real bbs'ers use hot keys to fill them out. You will
find Wild Bee's new user questioner will take you between 1-3 minutes
to fill out depending on how fast you can read and type..the questions
are not meant to be personal, we do ask for your Mother's maiden name so
if you forget your password we know it is you who is asking. We do not
ass on the names of users who's mother's maiden names are the same as
their own last name. We are old enough to believe in virgin birth, but
believe it is rare anyway, but in this case you need not ask for your
passward if you forget it. We also ask you age, sex, address, and phone
number. These are only questions to help the sysop better know who is
using their board. You would be asked the same questions and more to use
the big pay services, so we don't think its a great inconvenience to be
required to fill out a questioner to use a *free* service for Beekeepers
& Friends of Beekeepers.

All answers to questions are for the use of Wild Bee's and are not
shared with others.

   Assuming you got past the questioner, you will wade through 4 or
5 art and informational screens, then you will get to the MAIN menu
if you did not give up and drop carrier. If you make it this far then
all you have to do is select option [2], (two) to download the file:

                HON-BIBL.EXE  the data base from the National Honey
Board with a shareware reader. The file itself is self-extracting and
you do not need any other tools to get to the working AUTO READ program
with the data base installed. The Auto Read program itself is contained
in a pkzip file that you may or may not want to look at. It is not
necessary to run the HONEY-94 BIBLIOGRAPHY, as we already set it up
for you to use. If you want to find out more about Auto Read you will
need to extract the zipped file with the proper pkzip tools available on
most bbs's. We included it as a courtesy to the shareware author who
wrote the Auto Read program since we are using his program to read the
honey data base, you may have better ideas on how to use this file. The
original database we got from the NHB was for a Windows program.

   If you get to the bbs and get a bad connections or just get lost
please feel free to drop carrier, and call back and try again. If you
can get past the questioner once, you will not have to do it again and
can call back using a * in front of your name and bypass the art screens
to save time.

    Last hope is that others will find this effort of value and put
the file on other systems for downloading, this will take a few days
or weeks, and if all else fails I can freq the file to you via internet
e-mail as a file attachment that you will have to de-code. I really
don't want to do this as it takes me 3 min on-line time with my internet
provider and costs about 60 cents per file. I will do it for those who
request it to add to their systems.

    I do believe that this file is worth the effort, and if it is
successful we hope to do another data base soon just on HONEY RECIPES
if and when we receive the original data bases from the NHB.

                        ttul Andy-


(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
Opinions are not necessarily facts.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:19 EDT 1995
Article: 1534 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.kei.com!news.mathworks.com!news.bluesky.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Report from swarmy SC
Date: Sat,  1 Apr 1995 15:11:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590396@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 80        


                    ----------------------------------------
From: "Dave Green, Eastern Pollinator Newsletter" <Pollinator@AOL.COM>
Date:         Sat, 1 Apr 1995 09:16:04 -0500
Subject:      Report from swarmy SC

Dear Bee-L'ers:

   We arrived back from our Florida bees last week to South Carolina, to find
swarms galore.  The season is about a week early, and I am about a week later
than I had wanted to be.  Dewberries are in full bloom.

   For those of you a little farther north, especially if you might get busy
and not get back to the bees on a timely basis, now is a good time to stack
your deadouts on top of something (Do a post mortem to make sure there's no
AFB scale first).

   We've found eight so far that have been occupied by happy swarms, and we've
 caught two (not from our bees).  I say set the deadouts up, because they
will attract swarms much better if they are higher, though sometimes they
will even come into low hives too.

   Right now we are on fast forward.  We've been splitting the bees that are
swarmy, and so far, have been mostly ahead of them, which gives us lots of
cells.  I used to avoid using swarm cells, reasoning that that encourages the
swarmy trait in bees, but I've seen enough weak bees over the fast few years,
that I've decided that bees that are strong enough to swarm are just exactly
what I want.

   Each hive that looks good, but has no swarm cells we pull all but two
frames of sealed brood from the brood chamber and raise it above the
excluder, making sure the queen is below. I like to see them, but this year,
this usually means shaking the bees off the brood, and they'll have to walk
up through the excluder.

   We give the queen some nice empty comb in the center of the brood nest to
lay in.  This effectively stops swarming for a while, and over the first
(deep) super with brood, we place a couple shallows.

  Those that have swarm cells are busted up for spits.  Once they have the
idea of swarming, it is almost impossible to stop them.  Some hobbyists with
lots of time cut out the cells, but you are apt to miss just one, and it's
likely to be a little tiny one that makes a lousy queen.

   So the only practical way to save our livestock from running off into the
woods is to help them do what they wanted to do - reproduce.

   We're just about out of nuc boxes, and are running out of comb, so we are
trying an old trick that might be useful to others as well.  We have A LOT of
old junk deeps (with corners rotted off, etc.)  We bust up the swarmy bees
into 3-5 nucs.  Each nuc is placed along one side of a deep box (2-4 frames).
We don't look for queens once cells have formed, just making sure each nuc
has at least one cell.  Frames with cells are handled gently, and never
turned upside down, as the queens can be damaged if their wings are in
formation at the time.

   We place these on pallets with a strip of 15# builders felt on the bottom
to keep robbers out.  Then we take a piece of felt and put it over the tops of
 the frames and fold it down along the outside frame.  We make sure they have
an opening, big enough to get in and out, then staple the paper in place.

   It's a cheap, quick nuc box.  After time enough for mating we sort it out.
 Mated nucs go into regular hives.  Unmated ones or ones with poor-looking
queens give us back the comb, bees, pollen and honey, before the wax worms
get them.

   Maybe this will stimulate the idea mills, and someone will come up with an
even faster and cheaper way (that's the only way to survive in this marginal
business).  I'd love to hear from you.

   The cold February weather made Florida's orange bloom very late, which
beekeepers usually like, because it gives the bees time to build up some
more.  I just talked with a Florida b-kpr since I got back home, and he's
afraid it will be a short bloom, as well.   Hmmm - we'll see.  I have bees in
squash, and the grower made a pile of squash until the grove next door began
to bloom.  Then the bees happily flew over the squash to the oranges, much to
the growers consternation.  But a few are still doing squash.

Pollinator@aol.com                                 Dave Green
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC    29554


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:20 EDT 1995
Article: 1535 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: No bees here!
Date: Sun,  2 Apr 1995 17:31:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950402135832102@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 14        



From: Casey Burns <cburns@KENDACO.TELEBYTE.COM>
Date:         Sun, 2 Apr 1995 08:05:23 -0700
Subject:      No bees here!

Cherries and other fruit trees are in full bloom - as well as dandilions,
etc. Warm (60 - 70 F) weather - but I haven't seen a honey bee in over a
month (mine were all wiped out - apparently, all other hives in the area
were also - by Varroa). Seen fewer bumblebees this year - but lots of
Mason Carpenter bees. Anyone else in W. Washington making the same
observations?

Casey Burns


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:22 EDT 1995
Article: 1536 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping & Development
Date: Tue, 21 Mar 1995 14:21:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590147@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
References: <jdland-2803950139350001@dal14.pic.net> <3kpg31INN5jl@oasys.dt.navy.mil>
Lines: 40        


                    ----------------------------------------
From: "M.Westby (Max Westby)" <M.Westby@SHEFFIELD.AC.UK>
Date:         Tue, 21 Mar 1995 12:52:13 +0000
Subject:      Beekeeping & Development

I wonder how many of you people know about the quarterly journal called
Beekeeping and Development?  I have been subscribing to this for a couple
of years and find it very interesting, giving a totally different
perspective on beekeeping as a low tech sustainable activity for developing
countries.

The Journal is produced by Bees for Development which is a non-profit
making company.  It is sponsored in part by the UN FAO.  It depends on
subsciptions and donations for its survival and the production costs are
also supported by 'World Vision UK'.
The Editor is Dr Nicola Bradbear. Address: Bees For development, Troy,
Monmouth, NP5 4AB United Kingdom.  Her e-mail address is
100410.2631@compuserve.com. Fax +44 (0)1600 716167. Subscription rates are
GBP16.00 or USD35.00.  All income is used to provide information for
beekeepers in developing countries.  They have a very interesting booklist
and articles from recent issues deal with such things as low cost hive
design, queen rearing in top bar hives, the problems of misuse of
pesticides in developing countries and their impact on beekeeping etc.  I'm
sure many of you will be as interested in this very worthwhile project as I
am.

Cheers, Max

                                                  |||
                                                 (@ @)
---------------------------------------------ooOo-( )-oOoo-----
Max Westby
(Among other things a Sheffield Beekeeper)
South Yorkshire Beekeepers Association  BBKA apiary reg: JQ34
Phone (Home):          +44 (0)114 236 1038
Fax:                   +44 (0)114 276 6515
e-mail:                m.westby@sheffield.ac.uk
World Wide Web Site:   http://www2.shef.ac.uk/default.html
---------------------------------------------------------------


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:23 EDT 1995
Article: 1537 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Honey-Beekeeping Data Bas
Date: Thu, 23 Mar 1995 20:32:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590152@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 24        

          __________________________________________________________
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
        |       NEWS FROM WILD BEE'S BBS  @ 209-826-8107             |
        |                                                            |
        |  Wild Bee's BBS has added a beekeeping data base file      |
        |  received from the NATIONAL HONEY BOARD's FOOD TECHNOLOGY  |
        |  PROGRAM.                                                  |
        |                                                            |
        |  The file was made for MICROSOFT WORD for Windows.         |
        |                                                            |
        |  We will be looking for a pure ascii translation so        |
        |  anyone can read it without buying Windoz or any other     |
        |  program. Until then all are welcome to call and down-     |
        |  load the file. It can be read with most any text reader   |
        |  without much extraneous windoz stuff.                    |
        |                                                            |
        |      The file name is: HONEY-94.DOC, size 346k, you must   |
        |  call the bbs for this file as I can't afford to e-mail    |
        |  it to everyone who wants it.   Andy-                      |
        |____________________________________________________________|
        OR you can contact the NHB Food Technology Program and have
        it mailed to you. email: 74512.2455@compuserv.com.....


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:24 EDT 1995
Article: 1538 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Adulteration Big Time
Date: Fri, 24 Mar 1995 21:38:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590257@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 63        

INDICTMENT OF THE "Largest Industrial (Honey Packer) in the U.S."
                         <so they say>

   A multiple US Grand Jury Indictment may be years away from any
conviction, and with our system of justice it is interesting, but
does not mean more then if you are indicted you better get a lawyer
and get your house in order, because the government is going to
put you away if you don't, or if you can't afford a defence. In this
case for 65 years and fines of $4 million.

   The Groeb's, Earnest Jr., and son's Ernie Lee and Troy, along
with two employees have been charged and indicted by the U.S.
Department of Justice for adulterating Honey, and selling it as
"Pure Honey", to industrial users. They deny all 19 charges.

   The Groeb's own Groeb Farms Inc., and have honey packing plants
in Onsted, Mich., and Belleview, Fla. The government says the Groeb's
made more then $1 million between 1988 and 1992 by selling "HONEY"
to food product manufactures that had corn syrup added and was
represented to be USDA Grade A Honey. The government contends the
Groeb's purchased millions of pounds of corn syrup and only sold
small amounts to other beekeepers for feeding bees or used it themselves
to feed their own bees.

   The trial is 6 months to 1 year away, as the Groeb's defence attorney
has been handed "one million pages of documents" to read under
court "discovery" proceedings.

   This case is interesting and I have no idea of how the Groeb's
conducted their business and as far as I know have never met any
of them. A point I would make is that many individual beekeepers in
the U.S. purchased million's of pounds of "corn syrup" for feeding bee's
and I doubt that many of them could prove to a court that they did not
mix it with their honey during the extraction process, especially if
some disgruntled ex-employee said they did.

In the Groeb's case, so far NO government evidence is reported that any
product shipped from their plants was analysed by anyone to see if it
contained anything but "Pure Honey". This disturbs me, as I know for a
fact small amounts of corn syrup can be detected in Honey, (at least
in my own), and much honey is checked for corn syrups and other sugars.
And that honey if found with added sugar syrups is rejected from sale as
Honey if it is foreign honey. More often then not it is sold at a loss
to the producer and purchased by Honey Packers to be used in industrial
blends that call for Honey blended with sugars. I also know of other
Honey Packers who routinely bid and provide add mixtures of Honey and
sugar as provided for in their industrial contracts and are large users
of sugar syrups. Some pack fruits and other products that use sugar and
small amounts of honey.

  It stretch's creditability that the government would bring charges of
"Adulteration of Honey" without analytical lab data that the Honey in
question was indeed adulterated, unless the samples they took could
not be used to prove adulteration. In this case the government seems to
be relying on a paper trail, and that frightens me as I know how some
beekeepers big and small handle paper...don't ask me how I used the
twenty tankers of sugar syrup I purchased in 1988.

                           ttul Andy-


(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
Opinion's are not necessarily facts.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:25 EDT 1995
Article: 1539 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: propolis
Date: Wed, 29 Mar 1995 01:22:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590275@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
References: <3l9241$4bf@giga.bga.com> <fshjam01.5.2F728131@protem.uct.ac.za>
Lines: 11        


K<>From: knapper@bga.com (Woodrow W. Baker)
 <>fshjam01@protem.uct.ac.za wrote:
 <>: As a beekeeper for many years I have collected wax/pollen and of course

K<>propolis can be used to make a good varnish for violins.  Some folk think
 <>that is what stradavari used.

        I know he use it, I sold it too him.

                    Andy- OLd Drone


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:27 EDT 1995
Article: 1540 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: *new file*
Date: Wed, 29 Mar 1995 14:42:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590281@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 49        


HONE-BIBL.ZIP  223K
(A bibliography of beekeeping information, with abstracts)

A must have file for all who are interested in honey, bees, and
the science of it all. I personally guarantee that there is something
of value here for all, including hobbyist, commercial, academic, or
regulatory. Brian and I have put this information in a form that
anyone with a personal computer, DOS, can use. Because of my own
limited financial conditions I can not send this file via the internet
File Request or FAQ, but all are welcome to call and download it.

          Wild Bee's BBS @ 209-826-8107 <2400 to 28.8 baud>

I have posted the file to Europe via Hugo Veerkamp in Holland and
he will make the file available to all there.


Special Thanks  to BRIAN FERGUSON for working on this file with me.
And working over the HONEY-94 data base provided by the NATIONAL HONEY
BOARD, FOOD TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM at Thomas J. Payne Market Development
San Francisco, California. Supported by all United States honey
consumers when they buy honey.

*
To fast use this program [autoread.exe] and move down the list to
"HONREF.TXT" [ENTER]. Then hit [F2] and you will find a list of
topics.  You can add to the list with the [F7] key...Read the Doc's
for more features of the Auto Read Program. Go for it..!!
*

You are welcome to read the doc's and set up your own index files,
the limit is 500. Auto Read is a shareware program and we can not
tell you if it can still be registered as the author is in Australia
and we have not heard from him for several years...

The idea for this project was that of Wild Bee's BBS and the system's
operator, Andy Nachbaur. Comments to andy.nachbaur@beenet.com or
call the bbs @ 209-826-8107. Located in the Central Valley of California
at Dos Palos.. Andy and Brian have done 80+ years at hard labor in the
bee's.

(c) Permission to reproduce is granted. AUTO READ(c) is a sharware program
and information on registration is included in the archive. The Honey-94(c)
data files are for public use and any other (commercial use) requires written
permission from the National Honey Board, Longmont, Colorado  303-776-1177
or FAX 303-776-1177...

<30>


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:28 EDT 1995
Article: 1541 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: propolis
Date: Wed, 29 Mar 1995 15:16:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590282@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
References: <3l9241$4bf@giga.bga.com> <fshjam01.5.2F728131@protem.uct.ac.za>
Lines: 11        


K<>From: knapper@bga.com (Woodrow W. Baker)
 <>fshjam01@protem.uct.ac.za wrote:
 <>: As a beekeeper for many years I have collected wax/pollen and of course

K<>propolis can be used to make a good varnish for violins.  Some folk think
 <>that is what stradavari used.

        I know he used it, I sold it too him.

                    Andy- OLd Drone


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:29 EDT 1995
Article: 1542 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: *new file*
Date: Wed, 29 Mar 1995 15:15:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590283@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 48        

HONE-BIBL.ZIP  223K
(A bibliography of beekeeping information, with abstracts)

A must have file for all who are interested in honey, bees, and
the science of it all. I personally guarantee that there is something
of value here for all, including hobbyist, commercial, academic, or
regulatory. Brian and I have put this information in a form that
anyone with a personal computer, DOS, can use. Because of my own
limited financial conditions I can not send this file via the internet
File Request or FAQ, but all are welcome to call and download it.

          Wild Bee's BBS @ 209-826-8107 <2400 to 28.8 baud>

I have posted the file to Europe via Hugo Veerkamp in Holland and
he will make the file available to all there.


Special Thanks  to BRIAN FERGUSON for working on this file with me.
And working over the HONEY-94 data base provided by the NATIONAL HONEY
BOARD, FOOD TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM at Thomas J. Payne Market Development
San Francisco, California. Supported by all United States honey
consumers when they buy honey.

*
To fast use this program [autoread.exe] and move down the list to
"HONREF.TXT" [ENTER]. Then hit [F2] and you will find a list of
topics.  You can add to the list with the [F7] key...Read the Doc's
for more features of the Auto Read Program. Go for it..!!
*

You are welcome to read the doc's and set up your own index files,
the limit is 500. Auto Read is a shareware program and we can not
tell you if it can still be registered as the author is in Australia
and we have not heard from him for several years...

The idea for this project was that of Wild Bee's BBS and the system's
operator, Andy Nachbaur. Comments to andy.nachbaur@beenet.com or
call the bbs @ 209-826-8107. Located in the Central Valley of California
at Dos Palos.. Andy and Brian have done 80+ years at hard labor in the
bee's.

(c) Permission to reproduce is granted. AUTO READ(c) is a sharware program
and information on registration is included in the archive. The Honey-94(c)
data files are for public use and any other (commercial use) requires written
permission from the National Honey Board, Longmont, Colorado  303-776-1177
or FAX 303-776-1177.

...<30>...<30>...<30>....


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:30 EDT 1995
Article: 1543 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: *new file* error
Date: Thu, 30 Mar 1995 04:29:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590284@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 55        

errata 3/29

*HON-BIBL.ZIP  223K or HON-BIBL.EXE* <NOTE CORRECT FILE NAME>
(A bibliography of beekeeping information, with abstracts)

A must have file for all who are interested in honey, bees, and
the science of it all. I personally guarantee that there is something
of value here for all, including hobbyist, commercial, academic, or
regulatory. Brian and I have put this information in a form that
anyone with a personal computer, DOS, can use. Because of my own
limited financial conditions I can not send this file via the internet
File Request or FAQ, but all are welcome to call and download it.

          Wild Bee's BBS @ 209-826-8107 <2400 to 28.8 baud>

**<EASY INSTRUCTIONS> From the Main Menu ENTER [2] and you will
have this file in the self-extracting version in a few minutes
depending on the speed of your modem. Wild Bee's is an ansi bbs
and has been called over 20,000 times from all over the world for
files and mail so don't give up if you find the environment strange.

I have posted the file to Europe via Hugo Veerkamp in Holland and
he will make the file available to all there.

Special Thanks  to BRIAN FERGUSON for working on this file with me.
And working over the HONEY-94 data base provided by the NATIONAL HONEY
BOARD, FOOD TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM at Thomas J. Payne Market Development
San Francisco, California. Supported by all United States honey
consumers when they buy honey.

*
To fast use this program [autoread.exe] and move down the list to
"HONREF.TXT" [ENTER]. Then hit [F2] and you will find a list of
topics.  You can add to the list with the [F7] key...Read the Doc's
for more features of the Auto Read Program. Go for it..!!
*

You are welcome to read the doc's and set up your own index files,
the limit is 500. Auto Read is a shareware program and we can not
tell you if it can still be registered as the author is in Australia
and we have not heard from him for several years...

The idea for this project was that of Wild Bee's BBS and the system's
operator, Andy Nachbaur. Comments to andy.nachbaur@beenet.com or
call the bbs @ 209-826-8107. Located in the Central Valley of California
at Los Banos.. Andy and Brian have done 80+ years at hard labor in the
bee's.

(c) Permission to reproduce is granted. AUTO READ(c) is a sharware program
and information on registration is included in the archive. The Honey-94(c)
data files are for public use and any other (commercial use) requires written
permission from the National Honey Board, Longmont, Colorado  303-776-1177
or FAX 303-776-1177.

errata 3/29 ...<30>...<30>...<30>....


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:32 EDT 1995
Article: 1544 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bbs'ing for Honey Data Ba
Date: Sat,  1 Apr 1995 00:23:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590390@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 122       

                                   ----------------------------------------
mar 30, 1995

Hello Bee Person's!

1st, I must congratulate all who have made the effort to retrieve
the NHB data base file on bees, honey, etc.. Some have failed,
don't give up. If you have an interest in keeping bee's, the
science of it all, or just would like to have information on
honey bee's but don't know who to ask, this data base may be your
key to better things. There is nothing like it and the cost is
no more then the time you will spend on line downloading it. It
is worth every nickel, in my opinion, after 40+ years experience
working, wondering, and worrying about my own bee's. I have noted
some shall we say "intimidation" on the part of new bbs callers, and I
sometimes forget how it feels the first time, on line with a new system,
that is until I think about the internet. Well bbs'ing is not like
fishing on the internet, but can be frustrating when you don't have the
right bait or communications programs, or the right set up for bbs's
which are different from calling a commercial dial up system or the
internet.

My suggestion is that you should know that NO harm is done to Wild
Bee's if you just unplug your computer, modem, or phone,.. when all else
fails, and I fault no one who does. My Sainted Grandmother would often
say something to the effect to me when I passed wind. And after all is
that not what most of us really do with modems, "It is far better to
pull the plug and bare the shame, then not to, and bare the pain of a
inflated telephone bill." Well maybe it was something a little different
than that, it was a long time ago. She was the same Grandmother who told
me always to put on clean shorts, just in case I got hit by a trolley
crossing the street and had to go to the horsepitel for treatment...

IS THERE LIFE OTHER THEN INTER-NETTING?

Or how to get what I want (HON-BIBL.EXE) for as little time, money
or effort from Wild Bee's BBS.

foreword:

   There are ten's of thousands dial up bbs's, Wild Bee's bbs is one
of 30,000 bulletin boards that use the Wild Cat Program, and that is
only one of the dozen or more bulletin board programs available.
Millions of call's every day are made to dial up bbs. Wild Bee's had
600 different caller's last year, and many thousands of calls, we
will exceed that this year several times.

   Most Wild Cat bbs's can be connected to the internet by dial up
uucp programs that allow the sysop to download and upload messages to
and from internet newsgroups and e-mail. They are not for the most part
fully connected to the internet and most can not telenet or be
telenetted...you have to dial them up on your nickel.

   When you do, you should use a communications program that supports
bbs-ansi, but other protocols will work, ansi is best. You must set your
modem to 8N1, which is different then some of the services like
CompuServe. A 14.4 modem is preferred, but a 2400 bd modem will work,
just takes a lot longer to do anything. Wild Bee's supports modem
speeds to 28.8 bd.

   All bbs's require some sort of registration to insure some security
for the system's operator, after all you are to be a guest in my home
even if only a image in cypher space. The questioners are almost
standard, and many real bbs'ers use hot keys to fill them out. You will
find Wild Bee's new user questioner will take you between 1-3 minutes
to fill out depending on how fast you can read and type..the questions
are not meant to be personal, we do ask for your Mother's maiden name so
if you forget your password we know it is you who is asking. We do not
pass on the names of users who's mother's maiden names are the same as
their own last name. We are old enough to believe in virgin birth, but
believe it is rare anyway, but in this case you need not ask for your
passward if you forget it. We also ask you age, sex, address, and phone
umber. These are only questions to help the sysop better know who is
using their board. You would be asked the same questions and more to use
the big pay services, so we don't think its a great inconvenience to be
required to fill out a questioner to use a *free* service for Beekeepers
& Friends of Beekeepers.

All answers to questions are for the use of Wild Bee's and are not
shared with others.

   Assuming you got past the questioner, you will wade through 4 or
5 art and informational screens, then you will get to the MAIN menu
if you did not give up and drop carrier. If you make it this far then
all you have to do is select option [2], (two) to download the file:

                HON-BIBL.EXE  the data base from the National Honey
Board with a shareware reader. The file itself is self-extracting and
you do not need any other tools to get to the working AUTO READ program
with the data base installed. The Auto Read program itself is contained
in a pkzip file that you may or may not want to look at. It is not
necessary to run the HONEY-94 BIBLIOGRAPHY, as we already set it up
for you to use. If you want to find out more about Auto Read you will
need to extract the zipped file with the proper pkzip tools available on
most bbs's. We included it as a courtesy to the shareware author who
wrote the Auto Read program since we are using his program to read the
honey data base, you may have better ideas on how to use this file. The
original database we got from the NHB was for a Windows program.

   If you get to the bbs and get a bad connections or just get lost
please feel free to drop carrier, and call back and try again. If you
can get past the questioner once, you will not have to do it again and
can call back using a * in front of your name and bypass the art screens
to save time.

    Last hope is that others will find this effort of value and put
the file on other systems for downloading, this will take a few days
or weeks, and if all else fails I can freq the file to you via internet
e-mail as a file attachment that you will have to de-code. I really
don't want to do this as it takes me 3 min on-line time with my internet
provider and costs about 60 cents per file. I will do it for those who
request it to add to their systems.

    I do believe that this file is worth the effort, and if it is
successful we hope to do another data base soon just on HONEY RECIPES
if and when we receive the original data bases from the NHB.

                        ttul Andy-


(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
Opinions are not necessarily facts.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:35 EDT 1995
Article: 1545 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Non bee pollen
Date: Sat,  1 Apr 1995 01:50:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590391@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
References: <1995Mar30.085851.6408@tower>
Lines: 24        


L<>From: lso@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
 <>HELP!!!!
 <>I need pollen to feed a colony of predatory mites.  The problem
 <>I have is that these mites will not accept bee-pollen.  I need it

L<>from the plant directly.  Is there anyplace I can buy pollen from?
 <>I can use as much as I can get.
 <>Thank you for any help you can give me. This is urgent.
 <>Lance Osborne
 <>University of Florida

Hello Lance,

Well this could be a problem as what pollen available may not be
such good food. Check out any date growers, and some palms produce
buckets in the tropics. But have no idea of the food value to your
pets. For bee's these pollen are of little or no value.

   I would look to yeasts for replacements for pollen in insect
diets, would seem that mites would be no different. The yeast are
not that expensive and available from many different sources.

                   ttul Andy-


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:36 EDT 1995
Article: 1546 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Non bee pollen
Date: Sat,  1 Apr 1995 03:26:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590392@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
References: <1995Mar30.085851.6408@tower>
Lines: 22        


L<>From: lso@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
 <>HELP!!!!
 <>I need pollen to feed a colony of predatory mites.  The problem
 <>I have is that these mites will not accept bee-pollen.  I need it

L<>from the plant directly.  Is there anyplace I can buy pollen from?
 <>I can use as much as I can get.
 <>Thank you for any help you can give me. This is urgent.

Hello Lance,

Well this could be a problem as what pollen available may not be
such good food. Check out any date growers, and some palms produce
buckets in the tropics. But have no idea of the food value to your
pets. For bee's these pollen are of little or no value.

   I would look to yeasts for replacements for pollen in insect
diets, would seem that mites would be no different. The yeast are
not that expensive and available from many different sources.

                   ttul Andy-


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:38 EDT 1995
Article: 1547 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bbs'ing for Honey Data Ba
Date: Sat,  1 Apr 1995 03:29:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95040210590393@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 123       

-----due to uucp problems this may be a dup message---------------------

mar 30, 1995

Hello Bee Person's!

1st, I must congratulate all who have made the effort to retrieve
the NHB data base file on bees, honey, etc.. Some have failed,
don't give up. If you have an interest in keeping bee's, the
science of it all, or just would like to have information on
honey bee's but don't know who to ask, this data base may be your
key to better things. There is nothing like it and the cost is
no more then the time you will spend on line downloading it. It
is worth every nickel, in my opinion, after 40+ years experience
working, wondering, and worrying about my own bee's. I have noted
some shall we say "intimidation" on the part of new bbs callers, and I
sometimes forget how it feels the first time, on line with a new system,
that is until I think about the internet. Well bbs'ing is not like
fishing on the internet, but can be frustrating when you don't have the
right bait or communications programs, or the right set up for bbs's
which are different from calling a commercial dial up system or the
internet.

My suggestion is that you should know that NO harm is done to Wild
Bee's if you just unplug your computer, modem, or phone,.. when all else
fails, and I fault no one who does. My Sainted Grandmother would often
say something to the effect to me when I passed wind. And after all is
that not what most of us really do with modems, "It is far better to
pull the plug and bare the shame, then not to, and bare the pain of a
inflated telephone bill." Well maybe it was something a little different
than that, it was a long time ago. She was the same Grandmother who told
me always to put on clean shorts, just in case I got hit by a trolley
crossing the street and had to go to the horsepitel for treatment...

IS THERE LIFE OTHER THEN INTER-NETTING?

Or how to get what I want (HON-BIBL.EXE) for as little time, money
or effort from Wild Bee's BBS.

foreword:

   There are ten's of thousands dial up bbs's, Wild Bee's bbs is one
of 30,000 bulletin boards that use the Wild Cat Program, and that is
only one of the dozen or more bulletin board programs available.
Millions of call's every day are made to dial up bbs. Wild Bee's had
600 different caller's last year, and many thousands of calls, we
will exceed that this year several times.

   Most Wild Cat bbs's can be connected to the internet by dial up
uucp programs that allow the sysop to download and upload messages to
and from internet newsgroups and e-mail. They are not for the most part
fully connected to the internet and most can not telenet or be
telenetted...you have to dial them up on your nickel.

   When you do, you should use a communications program that supports
bbs-ansi, but other protocols will work, ansi is best. You must set your
modem to 8N1, which is different then some of the services like
CompuServe. A 14.4 modem is preferred, but a 2400 bd modem will work,
just takes a lot longer to do anything. Wild Bee's supports modem
speeds to 28.8 bd.

   All bbs's require some sort of registration to insure some security
for the system's operator, after all you are to be a guest in my home
even if only a image in cypher space. The questioners are almost
standard, and many real bbs'ers use hot keys to fill them out. You will
find Wild Bee's new user questioner will take you between 1-3 minutes
to fill out depending on how fast you can read and type..the questions
are not meant to be personal, we do ask for your Mother's maiden name so
if you forget your password we know it is you who is asking. We do not
pass on the names of users who's mother's maiden names are the same as
their own last name. We are old enough to believe in virgin birth, but
believe it is rare anyway, but in this case you need not ask for your
passward if you forget it. We also ask you age, sex, address, and phone
umber. These are only questions to help the sysop better know who is
using their board. You would be asked the same questions and more to use
the big pay services, so we don't think its a great inconvenience to be
required to fill out a questioner to use a *free* service for Beekeepers
& Friends of Beekeepers.

All answers to questions are for the use of Wild Bee's and are not
shared with others.

   Assuming you got past the questioner, you will wade through 4 or
5 art and informational screens, then you will get to the MAIN menu
if you did not give up and drop carrier. If you make it this far then
all you have to do is select option [2], (two) to download the file:

                HON-BIBL.EXE  the data base from the National Honey
Board with a shareware reader. The file itself is self-extracting and
you do not need any other tools to get to the working AUTO READ program
with the data base installed. The Auto Read program itself is contained
in a pkzip file that you may or may not want to look at. It is not
necessary to run the HONEY-94 BIBLIOGRAPHY, as we already set it up
for you to use. If you want to find out more about Auto Read you will
need to extract the zipped file with the proper pkzip tools available on
most bbs's. We included it as a courtesy to the shareware author who
wrote the Auto Read program since we are using his program to read the
honey data base, you may have better ideas on how to use this file. The
original database we got from the NHB was for a Windows program.

   If you get to the bbs and get a bad connections or just get lost
please feel free to drop carrier, and call back and try again. If you
can get past the questioner once, you will not have to do it again and
can call back using a * in front of your name and bypass the art screens
to save time.

    Last hope is that others will find this effort of value and put
the file on other systems for downloading, this will take a few days
or weeks, and if all else fails I can freq the file to you via internet
e-mail as a file attachment that you will have to de-code. I really
don't want to do this as it takes me 3 min on-line time with my internet
provider and costs about 60 cents per file. I will do it for those who
request it to add to their systems.

    I do believe that this file is worth the effort, and if it is
successful we hope to do another data base soon just on HONEY RECIPES
if and when we receive the original data bases from the NHB.

                        ttul Andy-


(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
Opinions are not necessarily facts.


From pollinator@aol.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:40 EDT 1995
Article: 1548 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!overload.lbl.gov!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!in1.uu.net!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Does Honey Go Bad In The Hive?
Date: 1 Apr 1995 08:06:23 -0500
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 67
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <3ljj4f$745@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
References: <socrates-3103951242400001@198.1.1.1>
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com

Gary (socrates@gate.net) says:

   I have access to 2 honey bee hives that have been abandon and have not
been maintained for at least five years. The bees left one of the hives
about
a month ago and I harvested the honey and wax.

Gary,

   Before commenting on the honey, I'd like to call attention to the live
hive.  You may have a million dollar baby there!

   It is unlikely that the bees left the one you found abandoned.  They
probably died out from varroa mites, though it could have been starvation,
or
foulbrood disease, or queen failure, etc.

   But any hive that has survived for five years now without treatment for
varroa mites, should be checked immediately by someone who knows what he
is
doing, to see if they have any resistance to varroa mite.  You might want
to
call your bee inspector or a queen breeder for advice and personal
inspection.  If the hive is mite resistant, it could be very valuable. 
Where
are you located?  If you are close, I'd be interested myself. I've made a
standing offer to landowners around here.  If they can provide me with a
live
wild hive that has survived for two years without any treatment, I'll take
the queen and test her and her daughters for one year.  If I find any
varroa
mite resistance, I'll pay them $500.  Not a bad return for simply calling
my
attention to it. But it's a one-in-a-million shot, as it may be a swarm
lost
from treated bees, and these might survive a year or so, before the mites
overtake them.

  >Most of the frames in the abandoned hive had a very dark honey, a
couple were golden and a couple had a deep green tinge. The combs in the
top
two supers were intact but the brood super had some combs that were dried
out
and there was some mildew (I did not harvest this honey).
  >The bees in the active hive are very docile and all three supers are
being
used.
  >Would it be safe to consume the honey from either of these two hives?
If
not, what use could I put the honey to? Should I just feed it back to the
bees?

   Did the honey in the dead hive have a sour smell?  My experience is
that
honey stored on a dead hive, or one that is too weak to keep it dry, will
absorb moisture from the air and begin to ferment.  Of course, if it is
cold,
fermentation will be very slow.

   Make sure the deadout does not have foulbrood disease by checking for
scale in the brood chamber.  Then use the honey for feed for bees if it is
sour smelling.  If it still smells okay, place it on your live one for a
few
days to let them get the moisture level down, then remove and extract.

Pollinator@aol.com            Dave Green
Eastern Pollinator Newsletter,  PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC 29554


From hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk Fri Apr  7 11:45:41 EDT 1995
Article: 1549 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!panix!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!wendy.ibmpcug.co.uk!kate.ibmpcug.co.uk!posnet!hugo.veerkamp
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: NBB newsletter of month 04,95 
Message-ID: <950401230009245@posnet.co.uk>
From: hugo.veerkamp@posnet.co.uk (Hugo Veerkamp)
Date: Fri, 31 Mar 1995 22:31:12 GMT
Distribution: world
Organization: Positive Place
Lines: 144

hi all,

This monthly newsletter is published simultaneously in BEENET,
in sci.agiculture.beekeeping newsgroup and in BEE-L.
H.V.

===================================================================
                 Northern Bee books Newsletter
        BeeBooks Digest--Apicultural Publications and Issues
                 Volume 1, Number 2, april 1995
       (c) H.Veerkamp & J.Burbidge. " all rights reserved"
===================================================================

                            INTRODUCTION

Yet another beekeeping newsletter on the web...the more, the merrier, I'd
say.
This newsletter is an attempt at making information on newly appearing
beebooks as well as on those 'golden oldies', available to the beekeeping
community. Our main source of info will be at Northern bee books UK,
but input( related to beebooks) from others is hereby cordially invited.

                                         Hugo Veerkamp, Amsterdam, Holland
                                         editor, NBB newsletter


                     OTHER APIARY CREATURES

 There is a series of naturalists' handbooks which are written and
illustrated
with great accuracy and are unbeatable value for making possible the easy and
positive identification of some other common flying insects. Northern Bee
Books
stocks three: Solitary Wasps  (Yeo and Corbet), Bumblebees (Prys-Jones and
Corbet) and Dragonflies  (Miller). They are ideal for presents for beekeepers
and others and will give pleasure for years.
                                Yeo and Corbet: Solitary Wasps
                         Prys-Jones and Corbet: Bumblebees
                                        Miller: Dragonflies



                             SOCIAL WASPS

At the other end of the price scale is Social Wasps by Robin Edwards, from
the Rentokil Library. It's a hefty #31 but good value because of the
continuing
interest it engenders in these beautiful, useful, intelligent and gentle
insects, close relatives of our bees which get so much unjustified bad
publicity. Social wasps can be a problem in the apiary at some times,
knowledge of their life cycle and habits will enable beekeepers to counter
their unwanted attentions effectively and humanely.

                                 Robin Edwards: Social Wasps

                             VARROA BOOKS

The creature none of us wants but all will have in our apiaries is Varroa
jacobsoni. There will be much more written about the parasite as more is
revealed through research and experience, presently you can't do better than
read The New Varroa Handbook  (Mobus & de Bruyn) or Varroa Mesh Floors 
(P.A.M.)

                              Mobus & de Bruyn: The New Varroa Handbook
                                        P.A.M.: Varroa Mesh Floors




                            A TRUE REFERENCE

The most gasped-at price is attached to Bees and Beekeeping, the ordinary
sounding title of an extraordinarily comprehensive book. Dr Eva Crane, an
international legend for many years, produced this huge book What's in it?
Everything you can think of about the science and practice of beekeeping
known
to date. A true reference book with extensive indices and bibliography.
Everyone who is serious about wanting to know about bees and beekeeping
should
have one.
                                  Dr Eva Crane: Bees and Beekeeping


                            BEEKEEPING POETRY

A nice little hardback by Amoret Scott which will not improve your beekeeping
in any way - except perhaps to make you muse on your love of bees.
'A Murmur of bees' is an anthology of poetry, prose and doggerel about bees
and beekeeping which ranges from the sublime to the ridiculous.
It is by no means exhaustive, but it is a good selection of the best in the
field, with a few gems.
                                  Amoret Scott: A Murmur of bees


                  
                           THE BEE BOOK BOOK

In 1991 Northern Bee Books published 'The Bee Book Book', by Geoffrey Lawes.
This is for serious bibliophiles or browsers, something you could live
without
but wouldn't want to once you have it. You may not think that you want to
know
anything about bee books which you don't already know but this little red
book
has a seductive quality which keeps drawing one back to its pages. It covers
history, collecting, restoration and too much more to list here.

                                Geoffrey Lawes: The Bee Book Book

                            POLLEN LOADS

Pollen, a vital protein for bee brood.  To get the best from it and thence
for
ourbees it will be beneficial to learn more about local supplies.
Dorothy Hodges will be remembered for her study of 'The Pollen Loads of the
Honey Bee', the first edition of which had hand painted panels of perfectly
matched colours. A recent edition this classical work is available.
Rex Sawyer also made his name in the field of pollen identification in
honeys, thereby proving or disproving alleged sources in court. 'Pollen
Identification for Beekeepers' is also difficult to find but its companion
volume, 'Honey Identification', is out of print.
The newest book on the pollen scene is also a colour chart of pollens
'A colour guide to pollen loads of the honey bee', not to be confused
with Hodges despite its similar title. William Kirk's work shows
pollen colours of 268 German and British plants with text in English,
French and German.
Kirk gives much credit to Hodges in his explanatory notes and there is a
useful paragraph for students about measuring relative pollen grain sizes,
an important part of the identification.It is Spiral bound to lie flat.

                                Dorothy Hodges: The Pollen Loads of the
                                                 Honey Bee
                                  William Kirk: A colour guide to pollen
                                                 loads of the honey bee
                                    Rex Sawyer: Pollen Identification
                                                 for Beekeepers
                                    Rex Sawyer: Honey Identification
=============================================================================
for further inquiries about books reviewed or book catalog, please send
E-mail
   to: Jeremy Burbidge at ruxbury@delphi.com
or to: Hugo Veerkamp at Hugo.Veerkamp@f28.n2801.z2.fidonet.org
---
 * Origin: zzz the BEE bbs Amsterdam Holland +31 20.6764105 zzz (240:31/0)


From HYXD75A@prodigy.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:43 EDT 1995
Article: 1550 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!willis.cis.uab.edu!nntp.msstate.edu!emory!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!solaris.cc.vt.edu!swiss.ans.net!prodigy.com!usenet
From: HYXD75A@prodigy.com (Joseph Curtin)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Vanishing hives
Date: 3 Apr 1995 03:20:05 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
Lines: 4
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3lnph5$ge4@usenetw1.news.prodigy.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: inugap4.news.prodigy.com
X-Newsreader: Version 1.2

I lost all three of my hives late last summer after a good harvest.  Many 
hobby beekeepers I'm in touch with experenced the same thing.  No sign of 
illness or mites that I could see any suggestion?



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Apr  7 11:45:44 EDT 1995
Article: 1551 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!insosf1.infonet.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: B-Mail_4/95
Date: 3 Apr 1995 12:54:22 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 322
Message-ID: <3lor5u$aog@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

Date:         Mon, 3 Apr 1995 12:48:50 +0100
Reply-To: IBRA@cardiff.ac.uk

=====================================================
 
B-MAIL
 
A monthly newsletter on issues and events in the bee world, provided
by IBRA, the world information service for bee science and beekeeping.
 
Andrew Matheson, Director
 
**April 1995**
 
=====================================================
INFORMATION
 
Recent discussion on some of the beekeeping newsgroups now available
started me thinking about information sources; how abundant and how
easily accessible they are.
 
The topic under review was New Zealand's bee health status and bee
health protection programme in relation to US imports.  I don't want to get
into that debate (at least, not now), but because I know something of the
subject I was struck by the type of questions being aired.
 
Where do you go, if you suddenly want to find out about a subject that's
new or obscure, at least to you?  Starting from scratch that's sometimes a
hard question to answer.
 
Using our BeeSearch service at IBRA's library, a simple search for the
term 'New Zealand' in abstracts and titles from 1983-1994 produced 276
items.  Obviously putting in a more specific request, such as for diseases,
would generate a smaller but more focused bibliography.
 
The strength of Apicultural Abstracts, on which BeeSearch is based, is
that it covers so much material not covered elsewhere: industry journals
and the so-called 'grey literature' which is otherwise impossible to find.
And of course almost all the items are available from IBRA's library.
 
Following the New Zealand theme, the BeeSearch enquiry would have
thrown up really useful current reviews such as those listed below, which
give you in one place a good analysis of the situation and a reference list
for further searching.  Occasionally it produces gems for people seeking
comprehensive information, such as a bibliography.
 
The message?  There are good information services available, and even a
simple and relatively inexpensive search can give an enquirer a good head
start.  Review articles, and especially bibliographies, can unlock a
goldmine of further references.  Discussion on any issue can take place on
an informed basis - even for something as obscure (to some people!) as
New Zealand.
 
SOME REVIEW ARTICLES COVERING NEW ZEALAND BEEKEEPING
 
The numbers given at the end of references denote entries in Apicultural
Abstracts.
 
Diseases
 
Reid, M (1988) Diseases of honey bees in New Zealand.  Surveillance
15(5): 15-17.
1238L/89
 
Disease control
 
Van Eaton, C (1992) New developments in the control of honey bee
diseases in New Zealand.  Surveillance 19(1): 8-9.
1255/93
 
Kiwifruit pollination
 
Van Eaton, C (1992) Kiwifruit pollination and production.  Gleanings in Bee
Culture 120(9): 494-497.
1416/93
 
Bibliography
 
Reid, G M et al. (1988) A bibliography of New Zealand apiculture 1842-
1986.  140 pages.  GBP 10.00 plus postage from IBRA.
441/89
 
Review of industry
 
Matheson, A (1992) Beekeeping: leading agricultural change in New
Zealand.  32 pages.  IBRA publication M123; GBP 3.75 plus postage from
IBRA.
850/92
 
MITES ON THE MARCH
 
Varroa has been discovered on an island in Torres Strait between Papua
New Guinea and the Australian mainland, in feral colonies of Apis cerana.
 
The island where the mites were found has been declared an infected
area, along with two close neighbours, by the Australian Quarantine and
Inspection Service (AQIS).  These islands are Australian territory even
though they are only a few kilometres from PNG; the Australian mainland,
150 km to the south, remains free of both the mite and Apis cerana.
 
Varroa was first found in PNG in 1986 and is assumed to have spread
from honey bee colonies moved to Irian Jaya (which shares the island of
New Guinea with PNG) from other parts of Indonesia.  AQIS has been
monitoring the spread of varroa through PNG and Irian Jaya as part of a
research programme, and also maintains strict controls on the movement
of plants, animals and their products in Torres Strait.  A 35-km stretch of
open seas south of the infested islands provides a natural barrier to the
further spread of the Asian hive bee.
 
AND TRACHEAL MITES
 
The tracheal mite Acarapis woodi has been detected in South Africa for
the first time.  This isn't too surprising in that the tracheal mite has been
recorded from subequatorial Africa, and that knowledge of the bee health
status of South Africa's neighbours is quite limited.  However, this species
has not been recorded from South Africa before, presumably despite past
sampling.
 
FREE UPDATE TO BEE HEALTH REPORT
 
I published a comprehensive review of world bee health in Bee World in
1993, which is available for sale as a separate reprint from IBRA.  An
update was published in the first issue of Bee World for 1995, including
new records for 48 territories.  This update will be included free of charge
with all copies of the original review from now on.
 
'World bee health report', IBRA publication M127, 37 pages.  Now with 9
page supplement.  GBP 4.25 plus postage, available from IBRA.
 
AND MORE ON INFORMATION SERVICES
 
There's been an explosion in information sources and discussion forums
on the internet, as anyone who hasn't been on another planet for the past
twelve months has noticed.
 
No-one can hope to keep up with it all, but in B.mail I hope to feature
some places you can go on the net that are interesting and informative.
This month's offering comes courtesy of Adam Finklestein in Virginia, USA
(adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu), who is very active in promoting internet use for
beekeepers.
 
Adam has prepared a useful directory of internet resources relating to
beekeeping in a set of FAQ (frequently asked questions).  To get hold of
the latest copy of the beekeeping FAQ go to the Worldwide Web page
with URL:
 
http://www/cis.ohio-state.edu:80/hypertext/faq/usenet/top.html
 
Once here (using a web browser of course) look for beekeeping.  The
FAQ starts with 'sci.agriculture...' but is archived alphabetically under 'B'
for beekeeping.
 
You can also get this through ftp: FTP rtfm.mit.edu; log on anonymous,
then cd to /pub/usenet/news.answers/beekeeping-faq.  You can also FTP
to: ftp.uu.net
                /usenet/news.answers/beekeeping-faq.
 
If you can't use FTP, you may email for the faq to mail-
server@rtfm.mit.edu.  Use no subject heading and in the body of the letter
put: 'send usenet/news.answers/beekeepig-faq'.
 
The beekeeping faq is posted every month to a number of usenet sites:
news.answers, sci.answers, misc.answers, alt.answers, rec.answers, as
well as sci.agriculture.beekeeping, misc.rural, alt.sustainable.agriculture,
and rec.gardens.
 
WWW
 
And here's an interesting Worldwide Web URL that wasn't in the faq last
time I looked:
 
Stephen Buchmann at the USDA research station in Tucson, Arizona, has
been responsible for setting up GEARS (Global Entomology Agricultural
Research Server).  It went online on 1 February 1995 and averages 1,500
to 2,000 file requests per day; and was recently selected as the hottest
site (or is it the coolest site?) by Wired magazine.  Visit GEARS at:
 
http://gears.tucson.ars.ag.gov/
 
LAST CALL FOR BEE CONSERVATION MEETING
 
The symposium 'Conserving Europe's bees' is nearly upon us and on 6
and 7 April many of the active bee scientists in Europe, and a number
from further afield, will be in London at what promises to be a very
stimulating gathering.
 
Places are still available, but you'll have to register fast to be sure of being
able to take part.  Contact john@linnean.demon.co.uk.
 
I want to record my appreciation of the four session convenors who have
worked with me in putting this together:
Professor Ingrid Williams, IACR Rothamsted, UK (IBRA council chairman)
Christopher O'Toole, University Museum, Oxford, UK (IBRA council
member)
Dr Stephen Buchmann, USDA-ARS, Tucson, USA
Dr Paul Westrich, Institut fur Wildbienenkunde, Tuebingen, Germany.
 
The symposium is being cohosted by the Linnean Society of London, Dr
John Marsden, Executive Secretary.
 
BUMBLE BEES FOR PLEASURE AND PROFIT
 
Here's another meeting being organized by IBRA, this time not only on a
scientific theme but with lots of good, practical information about bumble
bees.  It's designed for anyone who wants to make money or just learn
about these fascinating beasts.
 
Mark your diary for Saturday 23 September 1995 and plan to be in
London, UK.
 
The programme is given below, and we'll have registration forms available
from IBRA really soon.  Contact us for more information.
 
Programme
 
0945-1015       Registration
 
Chairman: Andrew Matheson, Director, International Bee Research
Association
 
1015-1050       Why bumble bees are special
Dr Sarah A. Corbet, Zoology Department, University of Cambridge, UK
 
1050-1125       Bumble bees in the countryside
Dr Gary Fry, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, As, Norway
 
1125-1140       Discussion
 
1140-1200       Coffee break
 
1200-1245       Bumble bees at home and at school
Dr Manja Kwak, Department of Plant Biology, University of Groningen,
Netherlands
 
1245-1400       Lunch break
 
Chairman: Dr Don Griffiths, Bunting Biological Control Ltd
 
1400-1435       Bumble bees as pollinators of crops and wild flowers
Dr Ingrid Williams and Juliet Osborne, Institute of Arable Crops Research,
Rothamsted, Harpenden, UK
 
1435-1510       Bumble bees as pollinators of glasshouse crops
Dr Don Griffiths, Bunting Biological Control Ltd, Colchester, UK; Evert
Robberts, Bunting Brinkman Bees BV, Tilburg, Netherlands
 
1510-1525       Discussion
 
1525-1545       Tea break
 
1545-1630       Commercial rearing of bumble bees
Melanie Hughes, National Bee Unit, Central Science Laboratory,
Luddington, UK
 
1630-1730       Exhibits and bar
 
This programme was put together by Dr Sarah Corbet and Dr Don
Griffiths, both members of IBRA's council, who have joined me on the
organizing group for this event.
 
WILD BEE NESTS
 
The environmental group Greenpeace includes a nest box for wild bees in
its UK catalogue.  The clay box with different-sized 'reeds' as nesting
tubes sells for GBP 22.25, or about USD 35.
 
EXCELLENT BOOK ON BEEKEEPING WITH APIS CERANA
 
In last month's B.mail I reviewed a pioneering book on beekeeping with
Apis cerana; 'Beekeeping for honey production' by Dr R W K Punchihewa
of Sri Lanka.  This book is available from IBRA for GBP 17.50
(approximately USD 27) plus postage and packing at normal rates.
 
IBRA DAY 1995
 
This year IBRA Day will be a huge event, as we are combining with the
famous beekeeping open day put on by Hartpury College and the
Gloucestershire Beekeepers' Association.  Set aside Saturday 27 May for
a good day out.
 
Involved in moving beehives?  Then the two IBRA lectures will have
important advice for you.
 
'Go for the flow: fact and fiction about where bees do get their food'.  How
much do you know about nectar and pollen sources in Britain, and how
much do you have to guess?  Norman Carreck of Rothamsted can tell you
about the most thorough survey of bee forage in this country for over 30
years.
 
'A night in the life of a commercial beekeeper'.  Practical tips (and some
tall tales) from someone who shifts bees for a living.  John Cossburn from
Hampshire shares some of his vast experience of moving hives for
pollination, honey crops and wintering.
 
The day has lots more, including the well-known auction of bees and
beekeeping equipment, demonstrations from skep making to microscopy,
and trade stands from equipment manufacturers and book stockists.
There's plenty for the non-beekeeper to make it a family event, with many
craft stands, cooking demonstrations and farm shops.
 
The day kicks off at 10.30 sharp, and runs until about 17.00.  Hartpury
College is on the A417 between Gloucester and Ledbury, and the venue
will be well signposted.
 
See you there
 
 
Andrew
 
 
 
 
Return address:
E.mail: ibra@cardiff.ac.uk
Fax: (+44) 1222-665522
Telephone: (+44) 1222-372409
Snailmail: 18 North Road, Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK

-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Apr  7 11:45:46 EDT 1995
Article: 1552 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Varroa tolerance: selection(was Re: Does Honey Go Bad In The Hive?)
Date: 3 Apr 1995 14:42:32 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 13
Message-ID: <3lp1go$g3n@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <socrates-3103951242400001@198.1.1.1>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
In-Reply-To: <3ljj4f$745@newsbf02.news.aol.com>

 Interesting. Selection is the key to breeding progress. Lone surviving
colonies in varroa areas _should_ be looked at. What is the standard test for
varroa? Grooming behavior? Morse and Miksa did this in early 90's.
 I use stock from Miksa, and am looking forward to this grooming test this
fall after the flow, when varroa numbers increase. Is anyone else going to
try this test?  Dave, what test are you going to employ? (I'll post the
bib. if anyone wants to read the article)

 Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From R.J.Yates@Open.ac.uk Fri Apr  7 11:45:47 EDT 1995
Article: 1553 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!mcrcr6!cmcl2!newsjunkie.ans.net!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!warwick!clyde.open.ac.uk!adminmbx
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Propolis & trousers
Message-ID: <3lsb46$2sa@clyde.open.ac.uk>
From: Richard Yates <R.J.Yates@Open.ac.uk>
Date: 4 Apr 1995 20:44:54 GMT
Organization: The Open University
NNTP-Posting-Host: pcmt22.open.ac.uk
Mime-Version: 1.0
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Unfortunately, when this blinking stuff gets on my woolies, 
it doesn't seem to come off again! I've tried soap & water,   
detergent,then petrol, MEK & even alcohol [ :-( ], all to   
no avail. 
 
Has anyone successfully removed propolis from clothing, 
preferably without destroying the article - ? 
 
Richard Yates. 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 



From ringetringetame@mind.net Fri Apr  7 11:45:48 EDT 1995
Article: 1554 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Apistan Strips
Date: Wed, 5 Apr 1995 04:52:41
Organization: InfoStructure
Lines: 9
Message-ID: <ringetringetame.13.0004E0F9@mind.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ip3.mind.net
Summary: how long in hive?
Keywords: only legal way to kill mites?
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

Say you are a small grower and have fewer then fifty hives for polination..
Because you wanted to take honey last year, you followed the lable and removed 
the strips 45 days before pulling honey.. Now all your hives are dead.. Now 
you buy nukes, are you going to take the strips out, and lose these guys, why 
poop no. By the way we also used canola oil, (paper towels) and bee mix (anti 
biotics) .  ? is does this Apistan contaminate honey? Will it hurt a person?
Do we just forget about honey for a bit till another legal treatment comes 
along?
BerryBob


From stp@CNMAT.Berkeley.edu Fri Apr  7 11:45:51 EDT 1995
Article: 1555 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!news.duke.edu!agate!usenet
From: stp@CNMAT.Berkeley.edu (Stephen Travis Pope)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee-ginner in the SF Bay Area
Date: 4 Apr 1995 23:17:19 GMT
Organization: Center for New Music and Audio Technologies, UC Berkeley
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Hi,

I live in Berkeley, CA and wonder if anyone knows where in the Bay area 
I can learn about beekeeping. IÕm looking for either a course  or a 
beekeeper who could use volunteer help in exchange for training.

Please respond to Patrice@CNMAT.Berkeley.edu (i.e., ignore the STP address).

Many thanks,
Patrice Baer


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Fri Apr  7 11:45:53 EDT 1995
Article: 1556 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Apistan Strips
Date: 6 Apr 1995 01:42:09 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 25
Message-ID: <3lvgth$qn3@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <ringetringetame.13.0004E0F9@mind.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Keywords: only legal way to kill mites? Chemically, yes.

In article <ringetringetame.13.0004E0F9@mind.net>,
Robert  Inget <ringetringetame@mind.net> wrote:

>Say you are a small grower and have fewer then fifty hives for polination..
>Because you wanted to take honey last year, you followed the lable and removed 
>the strips 45 days before pulling honey.. Now all your hives are dead...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 The label has you remove strips, then super. If you had Apistan in
colonies with honey supers on, you were not following the label, and
the honey shouldn't be used for human consumption.

Read the label. It is pretty clear. Apistan works well. Timing of
application is the easiest way to get the best control. Think. Since Apistan
works on contact, when would be the best time to treat?
When there is the least amount of brood-- late Fall or early Spring
applications are the most efficatious.

 How do you know your hives were killed from varroa?

Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Apr  7 11:45:57 EDT 1995
Article: 1557 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Price of Apistan and more...
Date: Wed,  5 Apr 1995 02:00:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950404190433104@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 50        


This message was from ANDY NACHBAUR to bee-l@uacsc2.albany.edu
                    ----------------------------------------
Subject: Price of Apistan and more...

SOME California retail FOB prices on chemicals used by beekeepers.
All prices are cash US $, and do go up and down depending on the
supplier. These are the list prices from DADANT & Son's Fresno, CA.

      Apistan     10 to a pk       18.95  extended  1.90
                  100 to a pk     149.50            1.50

      Menthol     12 to a pk       29.75
      18 or more cartons of 12-    28.30
                  bulk 55#        750.00

      Terramycin  6.4 oz depending on quantities     4.05- 3.75

      Bee-Go      5 gal           205.00

      Fumidil-B   9 1/2 grams case lots        54.00


In California a permit is required to buy and use Apistan and reports
of use must be filed with local Agricultural Commissioner.

     There are other products being used out side of the legal ones.
Some beekeepers have found a back door source of chemically impregnated
strips by the mile. You cut them to size yourself. For commercial bee-
keeping operations that have very small margin's of profit it is easy to
see why it is necessary sometime's to chose between bread on the table
and high priced formulations of minute amounts of chemicals and making
one's own remedy outside the law. As bad as that may be with all the
risks, I wonder if we would ever have any legal treatments if some
beekeepers had not worked outside of the system.

     Beekeepers in California have spent tens of thousands of dollars
and worked years within the system to get a product registered for
AFB treatment that may be far superior then TM or anything else, and has
other potential as it may cause the brood cycle to also be accelerated
by one day when used in bee diets. It still is not registered for use
for treating bees. This "silver" bullet has no big profit potential for
the manufacture or formulator so may never be legal under our regulatory
system that deals the short hand to the small and weak and rewards those
who spend the most on PR..
                                ttul Andy-


(C)Permission to reproduce, granted.
Opinions are not necessarily facts.


From ca1@Ra.MsState.Edu Fri Apr  7 11:45:59 EDT 1995
Article: 1558 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!spool.mu.edu!uwm.edu!psuvax1!news.ecn.bgu.edu!willis.cis.uab.edu!nntp.msstate.edu!Ra.MsState.Edu!ca1
From: "Carl H. Hovermale" <ca1@Ra.MsState.Edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Vanishing hives
Date: Wed, 5 Apr 1995 07:50:40 -0500
Organization: Mississippi State University
Lines: 13
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DON''T FEEL TOO BAD ONE OF THE PROFESSIONAL BEEKEEPERS HERE IN SOUTH 
MISSISSIPPI LOST NOT ONLY THE BEE'S BUT THE HIVES AND PALLETS.  56 IN ONE 
NIGHT
CARL

On 3 Apr 1995, Joseph Curtin wrote:

> I lost all three of my hives late last summer after a good harvest.  Many 
> hobby beekeepers I'm in touch with experenced the same thing.  No sign of 
> illness or mites that I could see any suggestion?
> 
> 
> 


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Fri Apr  7 11:46:01 EDT 1995
Article: 1559 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Apistan Strips
Date: 6 Apr 1995 20:29:23 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
Lines: 46
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X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2-upenn1.1]

Adam Finkelstein (adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu) wrote:

: Read the label. It is pretty clear. Apistan works well. Timing of
: application is the easiest way to get the best control. Think. Since Apistan
: works on contact, when would be the best time to treat?
: When there is the least amount of brood-- late Fall or early Spring
: applications are the most efficatious.

:  How do you know your hives were killed from varroa?

In the case of two of my hives, I never had a chance to treat for 
varroa.  Our fall honeyflow lasts well into October but the mites had 
wiped out the colonies (one a prosperous, very productive colony of 
midnights, the other a not so productive but nevertheless prosperous 
colony of italians) by late September.  Some keepers in this area 
(Philadelphia/Central Jersey) are forgoing the Fall flow in order to 
ensure treating in time.  

As for mites, mortality, and causality, I don't really know that mites did 
them in; I do know that mites were there in large numbers because they 
were visible on the dead bees.  I'm not being facetious here; I don't 
think it is certain that there is not more here than is readily apparent.  
The mites may be vectors spreading something else.

Related:  I have a feral colony which we removed earlier (three weeks ago)
from a house in central PA.  We were unable to locate and save the queen,
but saved 3 lbs of bees and some brood.  I put all of this in a deep with
plenty of honey and pollen (these bees deserve more than just the "nuke
and sugar syrup treatment) and on a warm day two weeks ago confirmed they
were building queen cells (2 small, 1 med, 1 large); the rest of the brood
had been capped by this time. 

The interesting point is that in examining some of the damaged comb we'd 
removed, I found a sealed-up drone with a mite on it.  There were very 
few drones in the comb - I only found that one, but it was infested.  I'm 
hoping a queen pulls through and that these bees have some 
resistance in them.

I'll be salvaging brood and bees from whatever removal calls I get this
year, with the intent to establish new colonies from them, rather than
just adding them to existing colonies.  So far calls have been few, but
it's still pretty cold, so people haven't begun noticing them yet.  We'll
also be trying to convince people to leave them alone, if at all possible. 

Dave



From htho@se.bel.alcatel.be Sun Apr  9 00:28:39 EDT 1995
Article: 1560 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: htho@se.bel.alcatel.be (Hugo Thone)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Apistan Strips
Date: 6 Apr 1995 08:58:38 GMT
Organization: Alcatel Bell
Lines: 20
Sender: htho@btma56 (Hugo Thone)
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3m0afv$mr5@btmpjg.god.bel.alcatel.be>
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Keywords: only legal way to kill mites?
X-Newsreader: mxrn 6.18-10


For God's sake, open your eyes when your read the notice on the Apistan
package.  It states clearly that you should not use the strips before a
honey flow is expected.
Treat your hives only after the last harvest (in the autumn) during approx.
42 days (i.e. the period needed for two generations of bees to be born). So 
you're sure that all bees in the hive have been in contact with the medicin.

I also would not use antibiotics like termacyne, fumidil-b, etc...
After all, honey should be a pure product of nature !!

------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Hugo Thone (SE121)                        email : htho@se.bel.alcatel.be
ALCATEL BELL TELEPHONE                    phone : (32) 3 240 94 52
F.Wellesplein 1                           fax   : (32) 3 240 99 50
B-2018 Antwerp


                           do bee do bee do ....


From ajmuia@paul.spu.edu Sun Apr  9 00:28:40 EDT 1995
Article: 1561 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: AJ Muia <ajmuia@paul.spu.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee Venom and Health
Date: Fri, 7 Apr 1995 10:19:09 -0700
Organization: Seattle Pacific University
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Please excuse a question from a lay-person.  Does anyone know where I 
might find more information about the medical benefits of bee venom, or 
about apitherapy?  Do any of the beekeepers here lend their bees for 
medicinal purposes?  I've heard that beekeepers experience health benefits from 
(accidentally) being stung during the course of their work.  Has anyone 
found this to be true, or is it folklore?  I'd like to know more.  Feel 
free to e-mail me or post a response here.  I'll continue reading this 
newsgroup.  I find it fascinating.



From ringetringetame@mind.net Sun Apr  9 00:28:41 EDT 1995
Article: 1562 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: No bees here!
Date: Wed, 5 Apr 1995 04:58:15
Organization: InfoStructure
Lines: 24
Distribution: world
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References: <950402135832102@beenet.com>
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In article <950402135832102@beenet.com> andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur) writes:
>From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
>Subject: No bees here!
>Date: Sun,  2 Apr 1995 17:31:00 GMT



>From: Casey Burns <cburns@KENDACO.TELEBYTE.COM>
>Date:         Sun, 2 Apr 1995 08:05:23 -0700
>Subject:      No bees here!

>Cherries and other fruit trees are in full bloom - as well as dandilions,
>etc. Warm (60 - 70 F) weather - but I haven't seen a honey bee in over a
>month (mine were all wiped out - apparently, all other hives in the area
>were also - by Varroa). Seen fewer bumblebees this year - but lots of
>Mason Carpenter bees. Anyone else in W. Washington making the same
>observations?

>Casey Burns

> see my post after yours, there are NO wild swarms, cept what passing 
beekeepers leave behind. They will die out in 45 to 50 DAYs. Because of mites
The bumblebees will come soon, I hope. Look in the grass.
BerryBob


From mrodgers@students.wisc.edu Sun Apr  9 00:28:42 EDT 1995
Article: 1563 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!cs.utk.edu!stc06.ctd.ornl.gov!fnnews.fnal.gov!uwm.edu!newsspool.doit.wisc.edu!news.doit.wisc.edu!news
From: mrodgers@students.wisc.edu (Mike Rodgers)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping & honey production in Vietnam
Date: 6 Apr 1995 01:17:05 GMT
Organization: University of Wisconsin
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NNTP-Posting-Host: f181-084.net.wisc.edu
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Dear netters:

First, I'll apologize up front for breaking any netiquette rules followed 
by sci.agriculture.beekeeping because I havn't "lurked" here very much, 
but I am in a time crunch and I needed to find out some information about 
beekeeping, honey production, pollinating as an industry, as well as bee 
wax uses. Anyway . . to the point.

This January, UN official Roy Morey, on a mission to Vietnam aimed at 
promoting economic growth in rural areas, suggested that a viable cottage 
industry for rural people would be beekeeping. Not only would beekeeping 
provide for a more diversified rural economy, but it would also serve to 
address Vietnam's rural-population problem. Currently, 80% of Vietnamese 
people live in rural areas, and 30% of those live under a poverty level 
defined as not being able to produce 15kg of rice per month. Many of 
these people also do not have a tremendous amount of capital to invest in 
large-scale agriculture ventures and have little land to work with. Hence 
beekeeping was seen as a potential low-cost market for development 
purposes. Furthermore the bees could be used for pollination purposes in 
assisting the re-diversification of Vietnamese plant-life. (Currently 70% 
of all Vietnamese land previously arable is unusable due to bomb-craters 
that the Vietnamese do not have the ability to resurface and desert-like 
areas where no plants whatsoever will grow due to the lingering effects 
of agent orange) 

So, I was wondering what all of your opinions are concerning the 
viability of starting beekeeping as a small industry in Vietnam? Is it 
truely an inexpensive venture?

Also, offhand I was wondering if anyone knew if honey had a large market 
in Indochina or Asia? or for that matter are there any native Asian bees 
suitable for honey production, i.e. I am clueless about beekeeping.

The reason why I am asking these questions is that I am currently 
involved in research at the University of Wisconsin's Center for 
Southeast Asian Studies on alternative cottage industries for rural 
peoples.

Any information that you might have related to my questions would be 
greatly appreciated, and any research I finish on beekeeping as an 
industry in Vietnam, I would put on my personal Web site for others to 
use.

Mike Rodgers
mrodgers@students.wisc.edu



From stp@CNMAT.Berkeley.edu Sun Apr  9 00:28:44 EDT 1995
Article: 1564 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!usenet
From: Stephen Travis Pope <stp@CNMAT.Berkeley.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Venom and Health
Date: 8 Apr 1995 05:54:10 GMT
Organization: University of California, Berkeley
Lines: 31
Message-ID: <3m58e2$9cb@agate.berkeley.edu>
References: <Pine.OSF.3.91.950407101510.21960A-100000@paul.spu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: nomad2.hip.berkeley.edu

AJ Muia <ajmuia@paul.spu.edu> wrote:
> 
> ...information about the medical benefits of bee venom
> ...Has anyone 
> found this to be true, or is it folklore?  I'd like to know more.

Dear AJ,

15 years ago (when I lived in Salzburg, Austria), I had a serious 
accident that required several operations to remove most of the 
cartilage from my left knee. Over the next year, I received weekly 
shots to induce the growth of new cartilage. The orthopods gave me 
a bee venom salve to put my knee when it swelled up. The salve was 
*really* painful (obviously), and generated true "deep heat", but was 
also quite effective against the frequent swelling. I sent several
tubes of the salve to a friend in the USA whose father had serious
arthritis, and he always wanted more (until my prescription ran out).

..just a true story in support of alternative medicine as is common
in Europe...


stp

___Stephen Travis Pope, Editor--Computer Music Journal, MIT Press (and)
___Research Associate--Center for New Music and Audio Technologies, UCB
___email: stp@CNMAT.Berkeley.edu, telephone: (+1-510) 644-3881
___http://www-mitpress.mit.edu/Computer-Music-Journal/CMJ.html





From gerca@lysator.liu.se Sun Apr  9 00:28:45 EDT 1995
Article: 1565 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsjunkie.ans.net!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!news.rssi.ru!news.mtholyoke.edu!uhog.mit.edu!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!eru.mt.luth.se!omega.ludd.luth.se!news.ifm.liu.se!gerca
From: gerca@lysator.liu.se (Gert Carlsson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: ADVICE: Breeding of queen bees
Date: 8 Apr 1995 02:38:08 GMT
Lines: 21
Message-ID: <3m4sug$p2p@newsy.ifm.liu.se>
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-Newsreader: NN version 6.5.0 #24 (NOV)

I am not a beekeeper myself but I put all articles in this group on a diskette
and handed it over to a friend of mine. She took it to the local beekeepers
society and they read all articles with great interest. She will probably soon
be able to read news herself but I promised to pass on a question from the
members of the society:

They are greeatful for any comments on how to breed queen bees.
Experiences are most welcome as a comment on this article or as E-mail to me,
I will pass all the information along.

Thank you in advance on behalf of the Ronneby Beekeepers Society in southern
Sweden.

Gert E B Carlsson
Computer Science and Engineering
Linkoping University and Institute of Technology, Sweden
E-mail: Gert@Ctrl-C.LiU.SE

I suppose that you all are interested in exchanging experiences, maybe someone
has done an FAQ?



From ringetringetame@mind.net Sun Apr  9 00:28:46 EDT 1995
Article: 1566 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!uunet!in1.uu.net!news.sprintlink.net!psgrain!rainrgnews0!ip3.mind.net!ringetringetame
From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Vanishing hives
Date: Wed, 5 Apr 1995 04:21:58
Organization: InfoStructure
Lines: 12
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <ringetringetame.12.00045DE4@mind.net>
References: <3lnph5$ge4@usenetw1.news.prodigy.com>
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X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

In article <3lnph5$ge4@usenetw1.news.prodigy.com> HYXD75A@prodigy.com (Joseph Curtin) writes:
>From: HYXD75A@prodigy.com (Joseph Curtin)
>Subject: Re: Vanishing hives
>Date: 3 Apr 1995 03:20:05 GMT

>I lost all three of my hives late last summer after a good harvest.  Many 
>hobby beekeepers I'm in touch with experenced the same thing.  No sign of 
>illness or mites that I could see any suggestion?

I'll bet anything you have mites, there are two kinds. Have you used Apistan 
Strips? Bet not.
BerryBob


From maclaine@ix.netcom.com Tue Apr 11 22:02:35 EDT 1995
Article: 1567 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!psuvax1!news.ecn.bgu.edu!news.moneng.mei.com!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!ix.netcom.com!netnews
From: maclaine@ix.netcom.com (Brian MacLaine)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Info please - Need weight of Honey
Date: 9 Apr 1995 03:35:19 GMT
Organization: Netcom
Lines: 18
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3m7kln$9mf@ixnews4.ix.netcom.com>
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Company: East-West International, Export-Import Management

Distribution: USA
From: maclaine@ix.netcom.com
Organization: East-West International
Expires: 10 Apr 95

Ref: honyinfo.p01

I kindly request that someone provide me the average weight of
honey by the US Gallon or by the Liter.

Your help will be trully appreciated.

TIA, Brian
-- 
Brian R MacLaine    Phone/FAX 909-769-0454
East-West International: Export-Import Management Company
S-Mail: PO Box 56254, Riverside, CA  92517-1154  USA
149 E Third Street, Beaumont, CA  92223-2723


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Tue Apr 11 22:02:37 EDT 1995
Article: 1568 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: varroa:Natural products for the control of varroa
Date: Wed,  5 Apr 1995 14:50:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950405170203105@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 30        


*bee-list:varroa*
                    ----------------------------------------
From: "Gordon L. Scott" <Gordon@APIS.DEMON.CO.UK>
Date:         Tue, 4 Apr 1995 14:12:15 GMT
Subject:      Re: Natural products for the control of varroa

Our local Association has been using french  chalk  (talc),  icing
sugar and lactic acid on a low-key investigative basis.

The two powders are reputed (and appear  to)  interfere  with  the
mites  ability  to  grip  it's host^H^H^H^H victim, resulting in a
physical knock-down of adult mites.  Dust all comb-sides 'til  the
bees are all dusty.

Lactic acid is a soft/natural pesticide of sorts, I'm not sure  of
the  mechanism  but  it  seems  reasonably  effective (5% solution
sprayed directly over the bees for a few seconds per comb-side)

All of these require repeat treatments every four  days  for  four
treatments. All of them *can* get the bees pretty buzzy.

I'm unaware of any adverse effects these treatments  may  have  on
the bees or brood.

At present, I personally use drone-comb trapping & Bayvarol.

--
Gordon Scott          Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk   Compuserve 100332,3310
Basingstoke Beekeeper Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk


From pollinator@aol.com Tue Apr 11 22:02:38 EDT 1995
Article: 1569 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!purdue!haven.umd.edu!cs.umd.edu!eff!usenet.ins.cwru.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news2.near.net!news.mathworks.com!uunet!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: A dead one
Date: 6 Apr 1995 22:19:39 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com

mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.) says:
>>Hive #1 wintered, Hive #2 died.
Upon open #2, I did not see any dead brood, in fact there where
no bees at all!  The brood chamber had queen cells, none of which looked
as though they were ever used. The upper box still had capped frames.
(Not robbed out, yet)

>>uh??

>>I followed the same same as above on my other hives and they wintered.

No brood indicates queen failure.  She may have been killed by hive
manipulations last fall, old age, or whatever.  If she stops laying during
winter, the bees cannot replace her.  They may even raise one, but there
aren't any drones.

It's not unusual.  A certain percentage of winter loss is queen failure.

It is important to do a post mortem on all dead hives in spring.  Those
which did not die of foulbrood can be reused with a package, a nuc, or a
swarm.

Pollinator@aol.com                               Dave Green
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC   29554

Any thoughts?



From meaderyman@delphi.com Tue Apr 11 22:02:40 EDT 1995
Article: 1570 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news2.near.net!news.delphi.com!usenet
From: Robert Allen Stevens <meaderyman@delphi.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Price of Apistan and more...
Date: Sun, 9 Apr 95 14:10:34 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
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NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1g.delphi.com
X-To: Andy Nachbaur <andy.nachbaur@beenet.com>

If this "silver bullet" has such potential and little profit potential,
why not name it.  If you can't name it, why tantalize people with what
it "may do."
Is your purpose to disseminate information or just knock the
government?
 
Bob


From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Tue Apr 11 22:02:41 EDT 1995
Article: 1571 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!ukma!jobone!lynx.unm.edu!fg1.plk.af.mil!mammoth.cs.unm.edu!ees1a0.engr.ccny.cuny.edu!fnnews.fnal.gov!gw1.att.com!gw2.att.com!nntpa!not-for-mail
From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: A dead one
Message-ID: <D6MBpq.Bs2@nntpa.cb.att.com>
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Date: Thu, 6 Apr 1995 14:46:38 GMT
Lines: 22


The tale of two hives.
I caught two swarms from the same parent hive last year.
The swarms were within one week of each other.
Both were hived on foundation and both grew well during the summer.
Both had the upper brood boxes packed full for the winter. (New England)
Crisco patties and Apistan strips were put into both hives, 
two strips each and directly into the brood area. Later removed as directed.
(I left the crisco patties in the hive.)
Last time I saw them both alive was during Thanksgiving weekend.
Hive #1 wintered, Hive #2 died.
Upon open #2, I did not see any dead brood, in fact there where
no bees at all!  The brood chamber had queen cells, none of which looked
as though they were ever used. The upper box still had capped frames.
(Not robbed out, yet)

uh??

I followed the same same as above on my other hives and they wintered.

Any thoughts?



From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Tue Apr 11 22:02:45 EDT 1995
Article: 1572 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!engr.orst.edu!reuter.cse.ogi.edu!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.cac.psu.edu!news.pop.psu.edu!hudson.lm.com!newsfeed.pitt.edu!dsinc!ub!newserve!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: A dead one
Date: Fri, 07 Apr 95 08:52:13 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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References: <D6MBpq.Bs2@nntpa.cb.att.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <D6MBpq.Bs2@nntpa.cb.att.com>
mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.) writes:
 
>The tale of two hives.
>...
>Both were hived on foundation and both grew well during the summer.
>Hive #1 wintered, Hive #2 died.
>Upon open #2, I did not see any dead brood, in fact there where
>no bees at all!  The brood chamber had queen cells, none of which looked
>as though they were ever used. The upper box still had capped frames.
>(Not robbed out, yet)
>...
>Any thoughts?
>
 
Seems like something happened to the queen in hive #2 late in the fall.
A possible scenario: The bees attempted to raise a new queen (queen
cells present) but were not successful.  Hence the hive died off.
Absence of bees is curious though.  Their absence would be indicative
of mite infestation.  Perhaps the infestation was more than the
medications could handle.  Of course this is merely speculation.
 
Aaron Morris


From ringetringetame@mind.net Tue Apr 11 22:02:46 EDT 1995
Article: 1573 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsjunkie.ans.net!howland.reston.ans.net!spool.mu.edu!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!pacifier!rainrgnews0!ip3.mind.net!ringetringetame
From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Vanishing hives
Date: Sat, 8 Apr 1995 05:37:09
Organization: InfoStructure
Lines: 19
Message-ID: <ringetringetame.16.00059EAA@mind.net>
References: <3lnph5$ge4@usenetw1.news.prodigy.com> <Pine.SUN.3.91.950405074858.22214A-100000@Ra.MsState.Edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ip3.mind.net
Summary: Here in Oregon we have lost over half hives. Mites I'am sure!
Keywords: mites
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

In article <Pine.SUN.3.91.950405074858.22214A-100000@Ra.MsState.Edu> "Carl H. Hovermale" <ca1@Ra.MsState.Edu> writes:
>From: "Carl H. Hovermale" <ca1@Ra.MsState.Edu>
>Subject: Re: Vanishing hives
>Date: Wed, 5 Apr 1995 07:50:40 -0500

>DON''T FEEL TOO BAD ONE OF THE PROFESSIONAL BEEKEEPERS HERE IN SOUTH 
>MISSISSIPPI LOST NOT ONLY THE BEE'S BUT THE HIVES AND PALLETS.  56 IN ONE 
>NIGHT
>CARL

>On 3 Apr 1995, Joseph Curtin wrote:

>> I lost all three of my hives late last summer after a good harvest.  Many 
>> hobby beekeepers I'm in touch with experenced the same thing.  No sign of 
>> illness or mites that I could see any suggestion?
>> 
>> 
>> 



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Apr 11 22:02:47 EDT 1995
Article: 1574 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!news.bluesky.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: post
Date: 10 Apr 1995 14:48:00 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <3mbgf0$3ha@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <ringetringetame.19.0008391A@mind.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Keywords: Apistan

In article <ringetringetame.19.0008391A@mind.net>,
Robert  Inget <ringetringetame@mind.net> wrote:

>Why don't my posts about mites stay on for more then a few hours?
>I don't really think you realize the gravitas of the problem. The world needs 
>bees to pollinate, or is that to simple.

 Hey. The length of time your post remains on the spool is only locally
controlled. I can re-read your post for up to 27 days here at vt.edu.
If your post seems to be "disappearing" it might just be that your
newsreader has "read" the post and it isn't showing it anymore.
Try to "unread" this group's post and see if your post is there.
Talk to your sysadmins people about your newsreading software.

I saw your post.
Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Tue Apr 11 22:02:48 EDT 1995
Article: 1575 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk (Gordon Scott)
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!peernews.demon.co.uk!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
Subject: Re: post
References: <ringetringetame.19.0008391A@mind.net>
Reply-To: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk
X-Newsreader: Demon Internet Simple News v1.29
Lines: 22
X-Posting-Host: apis.demon.co.uk
Date: Mon, 10 Apr 1995 16:56:49 +0000
Message-ID: <797533009snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk

In article <ringetringetame.19.0008391A@mind.net>
           ringetringetame@mind.net "Robert  Inget" writes:

> Why don't my posts about mites stay on for more then a few hours?
> I don't really think you realize the gravitas of the problem. The world needs 
> bees to pollinate, or is that to simple.
> BerryBob

Hi,

I think it most likely that you have a local problem.  The time  a  post
stays  is  controlled  by  either  your  own  machine or by your service
provider.  You should probably look for  a  program  with  a  name  like
"expire"  on  your  own computer, and/or you should contact your service
provider and ask them.

-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From grw@oce216.bwi.wec.com Tue Apr 11 22:02:50 EDT 1995
Article: 1576 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!ukma!jobone!news1.oakland.edu!vtc.tacom.army.mil!ulowell.uml.edu!wang!news.kei.com!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!usc!math.ohio-state.edu!jussieu.fr!fdn.fr!uunet!in1.uu.net!tron!usenet
From: grw@oce210.bwi.wec.com (Gary Welzenbach)
Subject: Extender Patties
Message-ID: <1995Apr10.004913.2672@tron.bwi.wec.com>
Sender: usenet@tron.bwi.wec.com (Usenet_news poster)
Reply-To: grw@oce216.bwi.wec.com
Organization: wec
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.91.6
Date: Mon, 10 Apr 1995 00:49:13 GMT
Lines: 8

   I have read a lot about extender patties recently and decided to try
using them. I mixed the ingrediants as recommended and placed the patties
on a couple of hives. That was about 5-6 weeks ago and the patties show 
no sign of being consumed. I live in Maryland and temperatures have only 
recently warmed up. Any ideas as to whats going on?
                               Gary

|He who rows the boat seldom has time to rock it.|


From pollinator@aol.com Tue Apr 11 22:02:51 EDT 1995
Article: 1577 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!ukma!jobone!news1.oakland.edu!vtc.tacom.army.mil!ulowell.uml.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!uunet!in1.uu.net!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Extender Patties
Date: 9 Apr 1995 23:51:43 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 15
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Message-ID: <3maa0f$i6@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
References: <1995Apr10.004913.2672@tron.bwi.wec.com>
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com

grw@oce210.bwi.wec.com (Gary Welzenbach) asks:
>>  I have read a lot about extender patties recently and decided to try
using them. I mixed the ingrediants as recommended and placed the patties
on a couple of hives. That was about 5-6 weeks ago and the patties show 
no sign of being consumed. I live in Maryland and temperatures have only 
recently warmed up. Any ideas as to whats going on?

    Additional info is needed.  Are the patties directly above the cluster
of bees?  Are the hives up to strength or are they very weak?

Weak hives sometimes won't even take syrup.  I don't know the cause here;
I'm just tossing out some possibilities.

Dave Green
Pollinator@aol.com     PO Box 1`215, Hemingway, SC   29554


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Apr 11 22:02:53 EDT 1995
Article: 1578 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!ukma!jobone!news1.oakland.edu!vtc.tacom.army.mil!ulowell.uml.edu!wang!news.kei.com!news.mathworks.com!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.duke.edu!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: posts
Date: 10 Apr 1995 03:21:05 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <3ma871$4lp@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <ringetringetame.17.0005DF35@mind.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Keywords: mites

In article <ringetringetame.17.0005DF35@mind.net>,
Robert  Inget <ringetringetame@mind.net> wrote:
>How long does a post stay on this forum?      I am not from 60 min. Whay do my 
>post desolve inless then an hour when I bring up Off lable use of Apistan?
>I really need to know if we can sell honey or just keep bees. E. Mail me if I 
>should not ask do not tell.
>BerryBob 
>ringet

 Will you please explain what you are asking :)
It is a little unclear.

Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From grw@oce216.bwi.wec.com Tue Apr 11 22:02:54 EDT 1995
Article: 1579 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!uunet!tron!usenet
From: grw@oce210.bwi.wec.com (Gary Welzenbach)
Subject: 9 frame vs. 10 frame
Message-ID: <1995Apr10.182639.24958@tron.bwi.wec.com>
Sender: usenet@tron.bwi.wec.com (Usenet_news poster)
Reply-To: grw@oce216.bwi.wec.com
Organization: wec
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.91.6
Date: Mon, 10 Apr 1995 18:26:39 GMT
Lines: 10


   I have noticed in some equipment that I have inherited from other 
beekeepers that they used 9 frame spacers in the hive bodies. In these 
hives it seems to have worked well with very little cross comb. I am 
thinking about setting up my new hive bodies this way. I have some 10 
frame hive bodies that I have to remove two or more frames at a time
due to either cross comb building or the bees will build out on one frame 
so that it extends into the next frames space where they won't build at
all.Any comments on the possible problems would be appreciated.
                                          Gary Welzenbach 


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Tue Apr 11 22:02:57 EDT 1995
Article: 1580 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!news.bluesky.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: 9 frame vs. 10 frame
Date: 10 Apr 1995 18:59:44 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 10
Message-ID: <3mbv70$dcp@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <1995Apr10.182639.24958@tron.bwi.wec.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

 RE: 9 frame vs. 10

Nice to use 9 frames. If you are starting out with foundation, go with 10
then once they are drawn, take one out and use 9.
 Some use 8 for honey supers.
Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From pollinator@aol.com Tue Apr 11 22:02:59 EDT 1995
Article: 1581 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uunet!in1.uu.net!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Info please - Need weight of Honey
Date: 9 Apr 1995 16:05:38 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 16
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Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com

 maclaine@ix.netcom.com (Brian MacLaine) asks:
>>I kindly request that someone provide me the average weight of
honey by the US Gallon or by the Liter.

   Honey varies somewhat according to floral source (sugar ratios), and
moisture content, but averages about 1 1/2 times heavier than water, so it
would weigh 12 pounds to the US gallon.  Maple syrup averages 11 lb.

   A lady once called and accused me of cheating, because a 12 ounce jar
of my honey only made 1/2 cup for her recipe.  I explained to her the
difference between actual weight and fluid ounces, and the fact that honey
is heavier than most other fluids used in cooking, so we came to an
understanding.

Pollinator@aol.com                            Dave Green
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC  29554


From clayglen@netcom.com Tue Apr 11 22:03:00 EDT 1995
Article: 1582 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!ix.netcom.com!netcom.com!clayglen
From: clayglen@netcom.com (Clay Glenn)
Subject: Where to Buy Honey?
Message-ID: <clayglenD6uC26.KEo@netcom.com>
Organization: NETCOM On-line Communication Services (408 261-4700 guest)
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL1]
Date: Mon, 10 Apr 1995 22:34:54 GMT
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I'm a brewer interested in fermenting some *good* honey.  I'm not looking 
for the filtered, pasteurized, homogenized honey in the small bottles at 
the supermarket.  I'm looking for big buckets, fresh from the harvest, 
with its full aroma intact.

Where do I start looking locally for bee keepers?  Do I just look in the 
Yellow Pages under bees? or honey?  Or should I look for some kind of 
farmer's market or co-op?

Thanks in advance for any help you can offer.

-- 
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\      O 
 >>>  Clay Glenn    clayglen@netcom.com  >>>    /|\
///////////////////////////////////////////     /'\


From danb@blkbox.com Tue Apr 11 22:03:02 EDT 1995
Article: 1583 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news2.near.net!das-news2.harvard.edu!oitnews.harvard.edu!news.sesqui.net!blkbox.COM!usenet
From: Dan Buchsbaum <danb@blkbox.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: update on laying worker hive
Date: Mon, 10 Apr 1995 19:22:44 -500 (CDT)
Organization: The Black Box, Houston, Tx (713) 480-2686 
Lines: 15
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This neophyte in beekeeping realized over the weekend why one should make 
the effort to learn how to raise one's own queens for requeening or 
starting a new hive.  Ten days ago I had the most depressing looking 
brood chamber--spotty patches of drone brood and what looked like nothing 
but drones running around.  I switched out a few frames and put in 1 or 2 
frames with large capped queen cells.  After a week and a half, with 
assurances from Dave and Adam (bless you!) that all would soon be well, I 
took a look inside... 3 full frames fully capped brood and barely a drone 
cell in sight!  How come my queens that I've ordered from a place 
(Weaver's) a couple hours away never got off that fast and that good?  I 
mean they would lay well, but not so solid.  If this is typical of 
own-raised queens, I sure encourage any newbie beekeeper to give it a whirl!

Getting ready to remove my first full shallow super of the season,
-Cynthia, Houston


From worrell@gamera.umd.edu Tue Apr 11 22:03:06 EDT 1995
Article: 1584 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!purdue!haven.umd.edu!gamera.umd.edu!worrell
From: worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard Worrell)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: post
Date: 11 Apr 1995 00:53:36 GMT
Organization: Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
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Robert  Inget (ringetringetame@mind.net) wrote:
: Why don't my posts about mites stay on for more then a few hours?
: I don't really think you realize the gravitas of the problem. The world needs 
: bees to pollinate, or is that to simple.
: BerryBob
Bob,
I think you misunderstand the concept of a bulletin board! As soon as a 
post is read, it is deleted from your list. It may still be on the 
system, for others who haven't read it, for a couple of weeks to a month.
To keep it on your own system you have to mark it 'unread' or save it.
Just think what would happen if all messages stayed up for a month. Your 
sytem provider couldn't provide enough memory or you couldn't afford the 
service if he tried!

Jerry Worrell



From danb@blkbox.com Tue Apr 11 22:03:07 EDT 1995
Article: 1585 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Dan Buchsbaum <danb@blkbox.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: update on laying worker hive
Date: Mon, 10 Apr 1995 20:37:01 -500 (CDT)
Organization: The Black Box, Houston, Tx (713) 480-2686 
Lines: 7
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Yikes!  I didn't mean to imply that Weaver has inadequate queens! (thanks 
Adam :-) )  Just for the record I order exclusively from them because 
their bees are great and the customer service outstanding.  Oh yeah, and 
also because it's a lovely 2 hr. drive to their place in Navasota...  :)
-
Cynthia



From ringetringetame@mind.net Tue Apr 11 22:03:09 EDT 1995
Article: 1586 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!psgrain!rainrgnews0!ip3.mind.net!ringetringetame
From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Apistan Strips
Date: Mon, 10 Apr 1995 06:04:42
Organization: InfoStructure
Lines: 32
Message-ID: <ringetringetame.20.0006143D@mind.net>
References: <ringetringetame.13.0004E0F9@mind.net> <3lvgth$qn3@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ip3.mind.net
Keywords: only legal way to kill mites? Chemically, yes.
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

In article <3lvgth$qn3@solaris.cc.vt.edu> adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein) writes:
>From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
>Subject: Re: Apistan Strips
>Date: 6 Apr 1995 01:42:09 GMT
>Keywords: only legal way to kill mites? Chemically, yes.

>In article <ringetringetame.13.0004E0F9@mind.net>,
>Robert  Inget <ringetringetame@mind.net> wrote:

>>Say you are a small grower and have fewer then fifty hives for polination..
>>Because you wanted to take honey last year, you followed the lable and removed 
>>the strips 45 days before pulling honey.. Now all your hives are dead...
>^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> 
> The label has you remove strips, then super. If you had Apistan in
>colonies with honey supers on, you were not following the label, and
>the honey shouldn't be used for human consumption.

>Read the label. It is pretty clear. Apistan works well. Timing of
>application is the easiest way to get the best control. Think. Since Apistan
>works on contact, when would be the best time to treat?
>When there is the least amount of brood-- late Fall or early Spring
>applications are the most efficatious.

> How do you know your hives were killed from varroa?

>Adam
>-- 
>______________________________________
>Adam Finkelstein 
>adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 



From pollinator@aol.com Tue Apr 11 22:03:10 EDT 1995
Article: 1587 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!uunet!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: 9 frame vs. 10 frame
Date: 10 Apr 1995 23:37:17 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 19
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <3mcthd$ir1@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
References: <1995Apr10.182639.24958@tron.bwi.wec.com>
Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com

grw@oce210.bwi.wec.com (Gary Welzenbach) says:
>>   I have noticed in some equipment that I have inherited from other 
beekeepers that they used 9 frame spacers in the hive bodies. In these 
hives it seems to have worked well with very little cross comb. I am 
thinking about setting up my new hive bodies this way. I have some 10 
frame hive bodies that I have to remove two or more frames at a time
due to either cross comb building or the bees will build out on one frame 
so that it extends into the next frames space where they won't build at
all. Any comments on the possible problems would be appreciated.

   If you move bees often (pollination or migration to nectar flows) 9
frames in the brood chamber is risky.  Truck vibration can get loose
frames swinging and beat the bees to death.  Queens can be lost this way,
as well as large quantities of workers.  I use 10 frame in the brood
chamber, and 8 or 9 in supers.  If I had 9 frames, I'd make darn sure they
are well glued by the bees before transport.

Pollinator@aol.com                          Dave Green
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC  29554


From pollinator@aol.com Tue Apr 11 22:03:12 EDT 1995
Article: 1588 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!uunet!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Where to Buy Honey?
Date: 10 Apr 1995 23:37:29 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 11
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <3mcthp$irv@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
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Reply-To: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com

clayglen@netcom.com (Clay Glenn):
>>Where do I start looking locally for bee keepers?  Do I just look in the

Yellow Pages under bees? or honey?  Or should I look for some kind of 
farmer's market or co-op?

   A good place to start would be to ask you local extension agent if
there is a local bee club or association.

Pollinator@aol.com                     Dave Green
PO Box 1215, Hemingway,    SC   29554


From jolyon@pavilion.co.uk Tue Apr 11 22:03:13 EDT 1995
Article: 1589 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!news.pavilion.co.uk!usenet
From: jolyon@pavilion.co.uk (jolyon)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Two brood chambers
Date: 11 Apr 1995 18:35:14 GMT
Organization: None
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NNTP-Posting-Host: line07.kemp-du.pavilion.co.uk
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.92.1

Can anyone help? I've just inherited three hives from my stepfather who died a few
weeks back, and was a fairly lax beekeeper (he was pretty old). I've had to
take responsibility, at least to make sure they don't swarm and annoy the 
neighbours. I read a bit, and then started to go through the hives this afternoon.
I was quite surprised to see that in one hive there were two brood chambers, 
and two honey supers. That is, the queen excluder was between 
levels two and three, rather than levels one and two as I would have expected.
As a result, brood and honey were all mixed up in the bottom two layers, 
presumably because there was more space than the queen had got time
to lay in.

Is there any good reason for this, or had my stepfather just been 
forgetful about where he had put the queen excluder? If there isn't any
good reason, could I move the excluder down one level (making sure 
the queen is at the bottom), wait for the grubs to hatch out of the (now 
queenless) super, and wait for it to fill up with honey?

 


From ringetringetame@mind.net Tue Apr 11 22:03:14 EDT 1995
Article: 1590 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!psgrain!rainrgnews0!ip2.mind.net!ringetringetame
From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: post
Date: Sun, 9 Apr 1995 08:13:19
Organization: InfoStructure
Lines: 4
Message-ID: <ringetringetame.19.0008391A@mind.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ip2.mind.net
Summary: Whats with the censorship?
Keywords: Apistan
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

Why don't my posts about mites stay on for more then a few hours?
I don't really think you realize the gravitas of the problem. The world needs 
bees to pollinate, or is that to simple.
BerryBob


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Tue Apr 11 22:03:15 EDT 1995
Article: 1591 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsfeed.pitt.edu!dsinc!netnews.upenn.edu!dolphin.upenn.edu!djt
From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Beekeeping & honey production in Vietnam
Date: 11 Apr 1995 05:00:19 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2-upenn1.1]

Mike Rodgers (mrodgers@students.wisc.edu) wrote:
: Dear netters:


: So, I was wondering what all of your opinions are concerning the 
: viability of starting beekeeping as a small industry in Vietnam? Is it 
: truely an inexpensive venture?

It can be; you'll be interestred in knowing that the Vietnamese have been 
using "primitive" moveable frame hives for a long time.  See below.

: Also, offhand I was wondering if anyone knew if honey had a large market 
: in Indochina or Asia? or for that matter are there any native Asian bees 
: suitable for honey production, i.e. I am clueless about beekeeping.

In addition to the journal mentioned in the follow-up post, there is some
good information on these questions in the latest edition of "The Hive and
the Honey Bee."  Included are figures on honey exports (e.g., China
exports huge amounts of honey; Africa exports huge amounts of wax) and
some discussion of the use of Asian (native) vs European honey bees in
Asia.  See if you can get a copy of this book for review.  If you are
unable to, e-mail me and I will send you the basics (when I have a few
moments). 

Dave


From roe@crosfield.co.uk Tue Apr 11 22:03:16 EDT 1995
Article: 1592 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!hobbes.cc.uga.edu!cssun.mathcs.emory.edu!emory!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!crosfield.co.uk!roe
From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: Beekeeping & honey production in Vietnam
Message-ID: <1995Apr10.100919.11671@crosfield.co.uk>
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
References: <3lvfeh$1kte@news.doit.wisc.edu>
Date: Mon, 10 Apr 1995 10:09:19 GMT
Lines: 31

I suspect Bees for Development could help you.  The following piece,
originally posted by Max Westby (M.Westby@SHEFFIELD.AC.UK) gives most of
the details.  I should contact Dr Bradbear directly.


I wonder how many of you people know about the quarterly journal called
Beekeeping and Development?  I have been subscribing to this for a couple
of years and find it very interesting, giving a totally different
perspective on beekeeping as a low tech sustainable activity for developing
countries.

The Journal is produced by Bees for Development which is a non-profit
making company.  It is sponsored in part by the UN FAO.  It depends on
subsciptions and donations for its survival and the production costs are
also supported by 'World Vision UK'.
The Editor is Dr Nicola Bradbear. Address: Bees For Development, Troy,
Monmouth, NP5 4AB United Kingdom.  Her e-mail address is
100410.2631@compuserve.com. Fax +44 1600 716167. Subscription rates are
GBP16.00 or USD35.00.  All income is used to provide information for
beekeepers in developing countries.  They have a very interesting booklist
and articles from recent issues deal with such things as low cost hive
design, queen rearing in top bar hives, the problems of misuse of
pesticides in developing countries and their impact on beekeeping etc.  I'm
sure many of you will be as interested in this very worthwhile project as I
am.

-- 
Malcolm Roe                                Phone  :  +44 1442 345104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd                  Fax    :  +44 1442 343000
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK        E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk Thu Apr 13 23:22:42 EDT 1995
Article: 1593 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk ("C:WINSOCKKA9QSPOOLMAIL")
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!pipex!peernews.demon.co.uk!matheson.demon.co.uk!andrew
Subject: Re: Info please - Need weight of Honey
References: <3m7kln$9mf@ixnews4.ix.netcom.com>
Organization: None
Reply-To: andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk
X-Newsreader: Newswin Alpha 0.7
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Date: Tue, 11 Apr 1995 08:39:25 +0000
Message-ID: <170500624wnr@matheson.demon.co.uk>
Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk


> 
> Ref: honyinfo.p01
> 
> I kindly request that someone provide me the average weight of
> honey by the US Gallon or by the Liter.
> 
At 20 degrees C honey weighs 1.40-1.44 kg/litre, depending on water content.


-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Andrew Matheson    E.mail andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk              *
----------------------------------------------------------------------



From andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk Thu Apr 13 23:22:43 EDT 1995
Article: 1594 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
From: andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk ("C:WINSOCKKA9QSPOOLMAIL")
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!peernews.demon.co.uk!matheson.demon.co.uk!andrew
Subject: Re: Beekeeping & honey production in Vietnam
References: <3lvfeh$1kte@news.doit.wisc.edu>
Organization: None
Reply-To: andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk
X-Newsreader: Newswin Alpha 0.7
Lines:  38
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Date: Tue, 11 Apr 1995 08:39:25 +0000
Message-ID: <192957849wnr@matheson.demon.co.uk>
Sender: usenet@demon.co.uk


> So, I was wondering what all of your opinions are concerning the 
> viability of starting beekeeping as a small industry in Vietnam? Is it 
> truely an inexpensive venture?
> 
> Also, offhand I was wondering if anyone knew if honey had a large market 
> in Indochina or Asia? or for that matter are there any native Asian bees 
> suitable for honey production, i.e. I am clueless about beekeeping.

Vietnam already has a beekeeping industry based on the indigenous honey bee Apis cerana, as well 
as beekeeping with the introduced Apis mellifera.  There is also a tradition of harvesting honey 
from Apis dorsata, using a novel management system.

There is also some excellent research going on at the National Bee Research Centre.

An opportunity to see some of this will come at the third Asian Apiculture Association 
conference, to be held in Vietnam from 6 to 10 October 1996.

A couple of interesting articles are available from the library of the International Bee 
Research Association (IBRA) at ibra@cardiff.ac.uk

Crane, E et al. (1993) Traditional management system for Apis dorsata in submerged forsts in 
southern Vietnam and central Kalimantan.  Bee World 74(1): 27-40.

Crane, E et al. (1993) Traditional management of Apis cerana using movable-comb hives in 
Vietnam.  Bee World 74(2): 75-85.

An article also in Bee World (Crane, E (1992) Asian honey bees.  Bee World 73(1): 3-4) quotes a 
Chinese manuscript of the third century AD which describes a beekeeping practice still in use 
today in part of Vietnam.
 
> 
-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Andrew Matheson    E.mail andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk              *
----------------------------------------------------------------------



From larryk@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu Thu Apr 13 23:22:46 EDT 1995
Article: 1595 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!hobbes.cc.uga.edu!cssun.mathcs.emory.edu!emory!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!newsspool.doit.wisc.edu!night.primate.wisc.edu!aplcenmp!larryk
From: larryk@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu (LA Kellogg lawrence a 2023833558)
Subject: Re: Extender Patties
Message-ID: <D6to6I.6Iw@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu>
Organization: Johns Hopkins Continuing Professional Programs
References: <1995Apr10.004913.2672@tron.bwi.wec.com>
Date: Mon, 10 Apr 1995 13:59:06 GMT
Lines: 16

In article <1995Apr10.004913.2672@tron.bwi.wec.com> grw@oce216.bwi.wec.com writes:
>   I have read a lot about extender patties recently and decided to try
>using them. I mixed the ingrediants as recommended and placed the patties
>on a couple of hives. That was about 5-6 weeks ago and the patties show 
>no sign of being consumed. I live in Maryland and temperatures have only 
>recently warmed up. Any ideas as to whats going on?
>                               Gary
>
  I used extender patties earlier thir year...mid february and early march 
and found that the bees consumed them. I think there is too much pollen out 
there so the bees aren't interested in the substitute. 

        regards,

        Larry Kellogg



From rshough@tasc.com Thu Apr 13 23:22:50 EDT 1995
Article: 1596 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!in1.uu.net!newsserver.read.tasc.com!rshough.read.tasc.com!user
From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Venom and Health
Date: Wed, 12 Apr 1995 10:08:28 -0500
Organization: TASC
Lines: 21
Message-ID: <rshough-1204951008280001@rshough.read.tasc.com>
References: <Pine.OSF.3.91.950407101510.21960A-100000@paul.spu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rshough.read.tasc.com

In article <Pine.OSF.3.91.950407101510.21960A-100000@paul.spu.edu>, AJ
Muia <ajmuia@paul.spu.edu> wrote:

>Does anyone know where I 
>might find more information about the medical benefits of bee venom, or 
>about apitherapy?

Try contacting:
The American Apitherapy Society, Inc.
P.O. Box 124, Woodsville, NH 03785
603-747-2507 (Voice & Fax)

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion. Similarity to anyone else's
opinion is pure coincidence.


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Thu Apr 13 23:22:54 EDT 1995
Article: 1597 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: Info please - Need weight of Honey
Message-ID: <D6xMxz.CKK@cuug.ab.ca>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
References: <3m7kln$9mf@ixnews4.ix.netcom.com>
Date: Wed, 12 Apr 1995 17:15:06 GMT
Lines: 27

Depending on the moisture content, I seem to recall honey being a little 
over 14 lbs per Imperial gallon (4.55 liters).  A US gallon is 3.78 litres.

Brian MacLaine (maclaine@ix.netcom.com) wrote:
: Distribution: USA
: From: maclaine@ix.netcom.com
: Organization: East-West International
: Expires: 10 Apr 95

: Ref: honyinfo.p01

: I kindly request that someone provide me the average weight of
: honey by the US Gallon or by the Liter.

: Your help will be trully appreciated.

: TIA, Brian
: -- 
: Brian R MacLaine    Phone/FAX 909-769-0454
: East-West International: Export-Import Management Company
: S-Mail: PO Box 56254, Riverside, CA  92517-1154  USA
: 149 E Third Street, Beaumont, CA  92223-2723
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                        VE6CFK 
Rural Route One   Swalwell   Alberta   Canada  T0M 1Y0 
Email:   dicka@cuug.ab.ca    or   allend@internode.net
Virtual Art Gallery: http://www.cuug.ab.ca:8001/~dicka 


From mah48d@rohmhaas.com Thu Apr 13 23:22:56 EDT 1995
Article: 1598 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!newsserver.jvnc.net!rohvm1!mah48d
Nntp-Posting-Host: 136.141.220.39
Date: Tue, 11 Apr 1995 12:26:58 -0400
From: mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: usa
Subject: Re: Where to Buy Honey?
Message-ID: <mah48d-110495112823@wm48d.ho.rohmhaas.com>
References: <clayglenD6uC26.KEo@netcom.com>
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 18

In article <clayglenD6uC26.KEo@netcom.com>, clayglen@netcom.com (Clay
Glenn) wrote:

> Where do I start looking locally for bee keepers?  Do I just look in the
> Yellow Pages under bees? or honey?  Or should I look for some kind of
> farmer's market or co-op?

In a posting such as this, some indication of where you're located is a big
help.  Generically, I recall that when we lived in Florida and Alabama
(been a few years now) those states, and I expect several others, had
(have?) agricultural newsletters.  The Florida one particularly had lots of
ads for honey in 5-gal containers.

Another source of information might be your county agricultural extension
agent.

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)      |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
e-mail: mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From hlf@holmes.acc.Virginia.EDU Fri Apr 14 13:28:36 EDT 1995
Article: 1599 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!uunet!in1.uu.net!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!murdoch!holmes.acc.Virginia.EDU!hlf
From: hlf@holmes.acc.Virginia.EDU (H L. Falls)
Subject: Re: Where to Buy Honey?
X-Nntp-Posting-Host: holmes.acc.virginia.edu
Message-ID: <D6vzwI.1qG@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Sender: usenet@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU
Organization: University of Virginia
References: <clayglenD6uC26.KEo@netcom.com>
Date: Tue, 11 Apr 1995 20:07:29 GMT
Lines: 15

In article <clayglenD6uC26.KEo@netcom.com>,
Clay Glenn <clayglen@netcom.com> wrote:
>I'm a brewer interested in fermenting some *good* honey.  I'm not looking 
>for the filtered, pasteurized, homogenized honey in the small bottles at 
>the supermarket.  I'm looking for big buckets, fresh from the harvest, 
>with its full aroma intact.
>
>Where do I start looking locally for bee keepers?  Do I just look in the 
>Yellow Pages under bees? or honey?  Or should I look for some kind of 
>farmer's market or co-op?

   Around here (Charlottesville, Virginia) several health food type stores
carry bulk honey (clover and "wildflower") produced by local beekeepers...

--Landon


From worrell@gamera.umd.edu Fri Apr 14 13:28:37 EDT 1995
Article: 1600 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!purdue!haven.umd.edu!gamera.umd.edu!worrell
From: worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard Worrell)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Response to Health and the Honeybee Question
Date: 14 Apr 1995 12:21:34 GMT
Organization: Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
Lines: 19
Message-ID: <3mlpce$p62@gamera.umd.edu>
References: <Pine.OSF.3.91.950411091607.16630A-100000@paul.spu.edu> <3mhkkv$a62@news.sandia.gov>
NNTP-Posting-Host: cbl.umd.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Victor C. Rimkus (vcrimku@sandia.gov) wrote:
: > Has anyone read Health and the Honeybee?  I'm interested to know whether 
: > it talks about the history of apitherapy--how long has it been around?  
: > How did it get started?  If the book discusses these topics, I'd like to 
: > get myself a copy.
:  
: I have read this book and found it inspiring but it is pretty much a
: history of the author. I was hoping it would have provided all of 
: the information needed for the beginning apitherapist but it does not.
: This book is worth the money. I found it to be much better than
: BEE VENOM: Exploring the Healing Power by Michael Simics.

: 	Victor
For a more practical view of bee venom therapy, Try "How healthy are you 
willing to Bee?" by Pat Wagner, available from both Walter T.Kelley and 
Brushy Mt. Bee Farm ($27 + postage). Covers where to sting yourself etc. 
for MS, arthritis, muscle aches,etc.




From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Sun May  7 16:51:18 EDT 1995
Article: 1703 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.kei.com!ub!newserve!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: stings
Date: Mon, 01 May 95 11:03:41 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 7
Message-ID: <173919B91S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <3nsh56$5a1@holly.cc.uleth.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <3nsh56$5a1@holly.cc.uleth.ca>
hunchak@upanet.uleth.ca (Cindy Hunchak) writes:
 
>
>Does anyone know a good remedy for stopping the pain after a beesting....
 
Time.


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sun May  7 16:51:19 EDT 1995
Article: 1704 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Other Varroa Treatment?
Date: 30 Apr 1995 01:59:46 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 21
Message-ID: <3nuqui$ngd@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <Pine.OSF.3.91.950418125624.13956C-100000@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu> <ringetringetame.44.0011DB8E@mind.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <ringetringetame.44.0011DB8E@mind.net>,
Robert  Inget <ringetringetame@mind.net> wrote:

>Varroa are little biddy spyders. The orchard and hog industrys have use a 
>product called Tactic . It is not approved for honey bees, however this 
>product may be different, or not effective. Apistan works but one has to 
>remove from hives during flow. However,  if you do not take honey...
>BerryBob

I tried to mail BerryBob, but his mail bounced so:

 Ack!  Tactic is ILLEAGLE to use for bees.  Against the law to use.

Varroa is a mite, not a spider ("spyder").

Any questions about this?
Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sun May  7 16:51:20 EDT 1995
Article: 1705 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Hive body coloring?
Date: 28 Apr 1995 18:00:02 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 7
Message-ID: <3nraf2$aom@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <3npvsl$1vd@netnews.upenn.edu> <950428092655.5AE71E@news.nbnet.nb.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

If you can find it use acrylic latex.
I like mixed bodies. Blue, white, yellow ...kinda like a light house.
Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From ringetringetame@mind.net Sun May  7 16:51:21 EDT 1995
Article: 1706 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!uwm.edu!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!psgrain!rainrgnews0!ip5.mind.net!ringetringetame
From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Other Varroa Treatment?
Date: Fri, 28 Apr 1995 17:51:20
Organization: InfoStructure
Lines: 27
Message-ID: <ringetringetame.44.0011DB8E@mind.net>
References: <Pine.OSF.3.91.950418125624.13956C-100000@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ip5.mind.net
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

In article <Pine.OSF.3.91.950418125624.13956C-100000@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu> Dave Pehling <PEHLING@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu> writes:
>From: Dave Pehling <PEHLING@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu>
>Subject: Other Varroa Treatment?
>Date: Tue, 18 Apr 1995 20:00:07 GMT

>I saw in the latest "Bee Culture" that a company is selling a material 
>called "Mite Solution" (Apicom I.B., Inc.) for treatment of Varroa.  Has 
>anyone used this and, if so, how does it compare with Apistan as to 
>effectiveness?

>Cheers,
>Dave Pehling

>   ============================================
>  | W.S.U./SNOHOMISH CO. COOPERATIVE EXTENSION |
>  | 600 128TH ST. S.E.                         |
>  | EVERETT, WA.  98208  U.S.A.                |
>  |   PHONE - (206)338-2400                    |
>  |   FAX   - (206)338-3994                    |
>  |   INTERNET PEHLING@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu    |
>   ============================================

Varroa are little biddy spyders. The orchard and hog industrys have use a 
product called Tactic . It is not approved for honey bees, however this 
product may be different, or not effective. Apistan works but one has to 
remove from hives during flow. However,  if you do not take honey...
BerryBob


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun May  7 16:51:22 EDT 1995
Article: 1707 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Need Beeswax creme recipe
Date: Sun, 30 Apr 1995 01:55:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950429222113210@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 73        

                    ----------------------------------------
JM<>I have a lot of beeswax and am tired of making candles and molded
  <>figures. Does anyone have recipes for hand creme, face creme or other
  <>beeswax or honey products which we could make to gain a few extra $$ at
  <>the farm stand? Thanks.

hI Jim, here is one reference I found and maybe other's will add to
it.
       ttul Andy-

                    Florida Extension Beekeeping Newsletter
           Apis--Apicultural Information and Issues (ISSN 0889-3764)
                      Volume 9, Number 1, January 1991

                          MAKING BEESWAX-BASED CREAMS

        During my travels in other countries, I have seen a profusion of bee
products that are being marketed to the public.  In Europe in particular, I
was impressed by the large variety of cosmetics and creams that have beeswax
as a base.  The September issue of "Buzzwords," the newsletter of the New
Zealand National Beekeepers Association, published an article on making
beeswax-based creams.  These products are surprisingly simple to produce and
require only a few basic ingredients.  As the newsletter editor suggests,
perhaps as the beekeeper ponders the fate of those beautiful cakes of lemon-
yellow gold beeswax, some thought might be given to making these creams.  I
also think that there is more room for manufacturing and marketing them to the
health conscious, up-scale U.S. consumer in the 1990s.

        Beeswax is a unique product with many interesting physical and
biological properties.  It does not become rancid, is not irritating or
sensitizing to the skin, and it acts as a stiffening or firming agent (base).
The information provided by the New Zealand newsletter is for producing basic
creams of the water-in-oil emulsion type.  An emulsion is the result of fine
particles of oil being permanently suspended in water through use of an
emulsifier.  The most typical emulsifying agent used around the house is soap.
The combination of sodium tetraborate (borax) and cerotic acids (provided by
beeswax) forms the soap called sodium cerotate, the basis for the following
recipe for cold cream:

Cetyl esters wax (synthetic spermaceti)         125 grams
Very light or bleached beeswax                  120 grams
Mineral oil                                     560 grams
Sodium borate (borax)                             5 grams
Distilled water                                 190 milliliters

To make a solution of                          1000 grams

        Break the cetyl esters wax and beeswax into small pieces and melt them
in a steam bath.  Add the mineral oil and continue heating until the
temperature of the mixture reaches 70 degrees C (158 degrees F).  Dissolve
the sodium borate in the distilled water, warmed to 70 degrees C, and
gradually add the warm solution to the melted mixture, stirring rapidly and
continuously until it congeals.  This cream is useful as an emollient or as a
cleansing cream.  The cream should be stored in air-tight containers.

        A moisturizing cream is made in the following manner:

Yellow beeswax (stiffening agent)               140 grams
Mineral oil (emollient)                         450 grams
Distilled water (vehicle)                       330 milliliters
Borax                                           2 tsp.

        Again, break the beeswax into small pieces and melt in a steam bath
until the mixture reaches 70 degrees C.  Dissolve the borax in the distilled
water warmed to 70 degrees C, and gradually add the warm solution to the
melted mixture, stirring rapidly and continuously until congealed.  Fill jars
after temperature declines to at least 42 degrees C.  Although the article
doesn't state it, probably most care in making the creams is required in the
gradual adding of ingredients.  If too much is added at once, the emulsifing
process may not occur.  The rapid and continuous stirring should also not be
neglected.

TS


From ajmuia@paul.spu.edu Sun May  7 16:51:22 EDT 1995
Article: 1708 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!reuter.cse.ogi.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!news.spu.edu!paul.spu.edu!ajmuia
From: AJ Muia <ajmuia@paul.spu.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Kitchen Bees
Date: Wed, 26 Apr 1995 19:17:17 -0700
Organization: Seattle Pacific University
Lines: 6
Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.91.950426191555.11840A-100000@paul.spu.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: paul.spu.edu
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII


I spoke with Pat Wagner last month and she told me that she keeps a hive 
in her kitchen.  How is this possible?  Has anyone else tried indoor 
beekeeping?  I hope I'm not misquoting her, but I'm pretty certain she 
did say in the kitchen.



From srogers@osuunx.ucc.okstate.edu Sun May  7 16:51:27 EDT 1995
Article: 1709 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!news.ksu.ksu.edu!bubba.ucc.okstate.edu!news
From: srogers@osuunx.ucc.okstate.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Winter losses
Date: 1 May 1995 15:34:12 GMT
Organization: Oklahoma State University, Stillwater OK
Lines: 14
Message-ID: <3o2v1k$jga@bubba.ucc.okstate.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: pcshc144.shc.okstate.edu

I lost a hive last fall to wax months, and my second hive this
spring for reasons unknown.  On a warm  February day I went out 
for a quick look see, and all was well.  Two weeks later the entire
hive was gone. There  was  honey in the hive, and no signs of starvation
or an excessive number of dead bees.  Its like the entire hive left.
Is this normal swarm behavior?  I thought in swarming, some wwould 
stay behind.  This is very disappointing.  This hive won me first
prize in our county fair last year.  I though I knew what I was
doing, but obviously not.  I'm going to try one more time.

Steve Rogers





From hmccabe@rch129.eld.ford.com Sun May  7 16:51:28 EDT 1995
Article: 1710 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!ncar!mammoth.cs.unm.edu!lynx.unm.edu!jobone!fiesta.srl.ford.com!eccdb1.pms.ford.com!rch129.eld.ford.com!hmccabe
From: hmccabe@rch129.eld.ford.com (H M McCabe (Harold))
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Hive body coloring?
Date: 1 May 1995 16:24:29 GMT
Organization: Ford Motor Company
Lines: 21
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3o31vt$a83@eccdb1.pms.ford.com>
References: <3npvsl$1vd@netnews.upenn.edu> <950428092655.5AE71E@news.nbnet.nb.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rch129.eld.ford.com

In article <950428092655.5AE71E@news.nbnet.nb.ca>, bnixon@nbnet.nb.ca (Beth Nixon) writes:

> them blue, green, and yellow - colors the bees are suppose to be able to see
> (They may see gray also, but I'm not sure.)  A lot of beekeepers have told me
> that this does make a difference to drifting especially when compared with
> hives painted white, which I am told the bees cannot see!  

What colors do bees have trouble seeing?  I guessed that bees have trouble seeing black:  I
have black hair and ever since I was a child I remember being hit in the head by flying honeybees,
wasps, and other insects. I concluded that they would have avoided me if they saw me, but they
didn't see my head because of the black hair.

-- 
Harold McCabe
==========================================================================
Voice: 313-248-8797              Subsystem Requirements Engineering
FAX:   313-248-2286              Ford Automotive Components
hmccabe@rch129.eld.ford.com      Dearborn, MI
                                 USA

I do not speak for Ford.  Everything above this line is my opinion.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun May  7 16:51:28 EDT 1995
Article: 1711 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: varoa removing without use of pesticides
Date: Tue,  2 May 1995 14:50:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950502170242218@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 177       


                    ----------------------------------------
IJ<>From: Ivo Jakop <eul0274@LITE.EUNET.SI>
  <>Date:         Sun, 30 Apr 1995 12:38:28 +0200
  <>Subject:      varoa removing without use of pesticides

IJ<>US Magazin Science published in 1989 a report prepared by a french
  <>scientist group working in Labs for neurobiology in Bures-sur-Yvette. As
  <>explained in the report they use Ethylpalmitat and Methyllinolenat as
  <>active substances to allure varoa into a trap and subsequently eliminate
  <>them from the hive.
  <>The cheap and undengerous (for bees and human) substance, its
  <>uncomplicated application looked very attractive and promissing.
  <>Since then I never heared any further news on development of this
  <>approach to get ride of varoa.Does somebody of the BEELIST community has
  <>perhaps more up-to-dayt or fresh info?

IJ<>Ivo Jakop, Celje, Rep.of Slovenia

Hello Ivo,

   I just received a video of a talk given by Dr. H. Shiminouki a
few week's ago and he talks about the USDA doing this kind of research.
He did not mention these chemical's by name, but I assume they will be
looking at them. His vision was some kind of trap, like a "varroa
motel", they would check in and never check out.

   I am a beekeeper, in Central California, which is on the Left Coast
of the US. I have lost an increasing number of hives over the last 25
years even before the Varroa was first found. I am still having losses,
last year was real bad with several yards of over 200 hives dieing out
all at once, at different time's of the year. The only difference I have
seen in this loss is that today it is greater, and if the yard is
infected with Varroa the last bee's to die will have Varroa. I have
suspected the real killer is a virus years before any mites were found
in the US. Nobody in the US was interested and what little testing for
virus that was done was actually sent abroad, so little practical
experience working with bee's and virus was done.

Shiminouki also outline in his talk the work they have at long last
started with bee virus. They are years behind and I don't expect
anything soon, but there is alway's hope and maybe with the different
talent's of the virologist at work something will develop.

   There approach, as I see it, to date on the mass loss of bee's which
may not be general in the US, but is reported from many different areas
depending on the year, including the feral populations, is to give the
post morton symptom's a new name "PMS", now BPMS, stands for Post Mite
Syndrome. I my opinion this is pure BS (stands for Bull Shit) and not BS
(bee science), but I am only a beekeeper who has watched his own bee's
for 40+ years. The trouble with the GI science is that they are trying
to identify a pathogen after the subject is dead and this leads to more
confusion then useful solutions. The symptom's reported by the keeper's
of bee's today are NO different then they symptom's reported by
beekeepers 80 year's ago with the addition of mites and a new name for
hives that are dead. We get only new names every ten years or so and
still watch the bee's die, alone in the field with only the beekeeper as
witness. But that is no wonder since the so called Bee Lab's are not
located in any of the major beekeeping areas and no one can expect a
well paid bee scientist to live in some God forsaken farm area just to
document the last day's of a bee hive. They would have to travel 50
miles to take a coffee break or find a flush toilet and might see the
sun rise and set on the job. This is no longer the American way, we have
progressed to the new bureaucratic way's. Forty hour's a week with full
benefits and plenty of time to think about it on the job, PMS is the
written proof. I am not a scientist only a tired old beekeeper, but I
wrote a paper in 1989 that was presented to the American Beekeepers
Association that is no better or worse then the so called information on
BPMS. I ran my text through a computer program that indicated it was
written by someone with a 12th grade education, I won't embarrass anyone
with what the same program reported the USDA PMS paper to be, I thought
my own should have rated higher to. The beekeeper's and taxpayer's of
the United States should not have to pay for these kind of report's or
the research to do them. Any high school biology teacher or interested
student could do as well. In my opinion they are only hype and PR and
are self serving to the agency involved.

  I want to know what is going on and I don't want to find it out from
some dusty chemical sale's person who's company had inside information
so his company to could use that information to make some big buck's
because it's better then a few beekeeper's misusing the same information
to save their bee's. If this is the way it is, or is going to be then I
will re-examine my position on supporting any beekeeping research by the
government. If the benefits of USDA research on Varroa mite to date is
going to the manufactures of the products to control them let the
manufacture pay for the research at his own lab. It is evident that what
research they are doing they have NOT shared with the public or USDA,
or we would be able to produce our own strips or formulation's out of
whatever material's at a fraction of the cost beekeeper's now pay. A
few pennies of active material incorporated in a low cost carrier should
not cost more the a few pennies. It's no wonder beekeeper's around the
world are using other methods not approved by governments, when
governments, science and regulatory agency's are one in the same and work
hand in hand with the chemical companies. What kind of science can one
produce if the scientist wares two hats, and one of those hat's is that
of a politician who bends in the wind's, not the wind's of change but
the wind's of strength..the strong wind's seldom come from the
beekeeper's. The proof is that there are other products, materials, and
chemicals, tested by many that we could be using, yet they can not be
used because of bureaucratic red tape.


   It is the easy way out to give the same symptom's of dead bee hives
a new name each time it show's up in a different area or different year.
This is not science but the GI name game and has become part of the
problem and not part of the solution. Beekeeper's are losing their bee's
they need to know from what and what to do to prevent that loss, and are
not interested in going around and telling the world that our losses
fit the symptoms of bPMS according to the best scientific minds in the
US government.

   I do support beekeeping research and have worked to see it
enlarged and continued, and I will continue to do so, but I must admit
it is easy to see why Bee Research in the USA may be in trouble. And
I don't believe for a minute it is because beekeeper's have not shown
the interest in bee research. If anything it the fact that the research
lab's are not able to define their own role's to fill a public need and
mostly operate in a climate of political uncertainties. Especially so in
the light that so many hobby and small beekeepers have followed the
"best" advice and recommendation's of the government to keep their bee's
healthy only to have them die anyway. These are not the dumb people that
some would make them out to be, and in reviewing the tape of Dr.
Shiminuki, any can see that discussion of "positive stress" factor's is
only a language trap as the combination of words fly's in the face of
the real world. Especially since on the whole the best USDA
recommendation's are to control one or more of the stress's from a list
of many. Beekeeper's have been doing that since I have been around and
are still losing bee's.

   I believe that we in the US have had our head's held in the
sand for too long and if we want to have healthy bee's we better be
looking for areas in the world that have healthy bee's or bee's that
survive to spite all known problems and bring in that stock and the
information on how it is being used by beekeepers, to add to our own
tired gene pool or we risk losings it all in a short time. The few
introduction's so far have added nothing to the big picture, and more
then that is coming in ala natural through our boarder's which have been
quarantine against bee's for generations and most of that which could be
used is being destroyed. To think that we can change what we have by one
or two regulated introduction's in a lifetime is just plain poor
thinking and can not be demonstrated at any level in the field. I have
tried much of the so called improved commercial stock available and they
all die just as dead as the natural stock. There is no practical
difference between any of the bee's available today in the US outside of
color and the quality that comes with good rearing conditions and bee
breeder experience. Some people have a talent and are able to apply it
in the right rearing areas, other's try and fail. All have some
failures...

   I would very much like to hear if you know of any large scale loss
of bee's in your area, and if these losses have continued or have
more or less come and gone or have continued or increased?  Does not
have to be in total number's of hives, but I am interested in total bee
yard's that die out in spite of the efforts of the beekeeper, minimal or
not. Feral population's count's of many year's would be useful. To count
them now or study them now is interesting and of great value, but the
horse has long left the barn.

                               ttul Andy-
                               andy.nachbaur@beenet.com


BTW  For the record I have yet to treat a hive for Varroa and do not
     look forward to treating hives for Varroa or any other mite. If
     that day comes that I have to get on the pesticide tread mill
     to be a keeper of bee's all will know my day has come and gone as
     a beekeeper. Some will say I have reach that point.

     "Pesticides may have been the final solution in 1940, God
     forbid they become the final solution to keeping my own bee's
     healthy."




(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
Opinion's are not necessarily facts.


From KFQT52A@prodigy.com Sun May  7 16:51:29 EDT 1995
Article: 1712 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: KFQT52A@prodigy.com (Jeffrey Judd)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Hive body coloring?
Date: 2 May 1995 06:21:51 GMT
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I find that my bees hate dark colors. I always get hit if I am walking 
near the hive with a black shirt. Bees hate lanolin and anything with 
that smell will be severly attacked.
jeff Judd



From CLAY@PRISM.CLEMSON.EDU Sun May  7 16:51:30 EDT 1995
Article: 1713 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!hubcap.clemson.edu!usenet
From: CLAY@PRISM.CLEMSON.EDU (CAMILLIUS  LAY      19870601)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: city bees revisited, please
Date: 2 May 1995 12:08:17 GMT
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I'm new to the 'net but kept bees for several years in the wilds of
suburbia, courtesy of the indulgences of Mom and Dad.  I now find
myself also the proud owner of a half-acre patch of neighborhood,
and would like to have some of our little furry friends to share
it.  

I apparently just missed the city-bees vs country-bees thread.  Could
somebody summarize, send via private e-mail, or direct me to archives
if there is such a thing?

If not, I'd be interested in knowing how y'all have dealt with liability,
peacekeeping, vandalism, etc.  Or if these things are even problems or 
concerns.  Also, are there particular strains of bees that are especially
suited for residential hobbyist use?  I don't care if they're not 
blindingly productive, just as long as they don't attack the obnoxious
kid down the street.
Regards and TIA,
Cam Lay
James Island, SC


From lez@cs.mun.ca Sun May  7 16:51:31 EDT 1995
Article: 1714 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: lez@cs.mun.ca (Leslie D. Cuff)
Subject: Potential Bee Supply
Message-ID: <1995May2.140908.17903@cs.mun.ca>
Sender: usenet@cs.mun.ca (NNTP server account)
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Last Year, I noticed that I had (what seemed to a layman to be) a hive
of bees living inside my house. It appears that they gain access through
an electrical outlet. I don't know if they hibernate over winter, nor
do I know anything about their species. [what species are likely all
this way east -- Newfoundland -- I'm 20 km from Cape Spear, the most
easterly point in North America.]

What I want to know is this:
- should I expect to have a `bee problem' this summer
- will blocking up the hole mean that won't re-establish
a hive (or are they hibernating)
- before I pay to have them removed... can I...
   - lure them out somewhere else
   - find a happy home for them

Les Cuff
Internet Researcher

P.S. I'm very fond of bees.
(please respond thru email to lez@porthole.entnet.nf.ca)
Thanx



From larryk@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu Sun May  7 16:51:32 EDT 1995
Article: 1715 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: larryk@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu (LA Kellogg lawrence a 2023833558)
Subject: Re: city bees revisited, please
Message-ID: <D7yJ74.BzG@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu>
Organization: Johns Hopkins Continuing Professional Programs
References: <3o57bh$md1@hubcap.clemson.edu>
Date: Tue, 2 May 1995 15:33:03 GMT
Lines: 21

>
>If not, I'd be interested in knowing how y'all have dealt with liability,
>peacekeeping, vandalism, etc.  Or if these things are even problems or 
>concerns.  Also, are there particular strains of bees that are especially
>suited for residential hobbyist use?  I don't care if they're not 
>blindingly productive, just as long as they don't attack the obnoxious
>kid down the street.

  From my experience, bees are incredibly docile creatures. You don't bother 
them and they won't bother you. It is nice to have a fairly 
sluded place to keep them so that people don't notice them. I hide 
mine down a hill and at the edge of the woods. I am lucky enough to not 
have ne. I'm not sure anything can be done 
about the obnoxious kid down the street if he spends his time throwing 
rocks at your hives. As for gentle strains, I've heard Buckfast bees 
are pretty mellow.

   Regards,

     Larry Kellogg



From healer@duncan.island.net Sun May  7 16:51:32 EDT 1995
Article: 1716 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: healer@duncan.island.net (Ronald Healy)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Winter losses
Date: 2 May 1995 05:09:47 GMT
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In article <3o2v1k$jga@bubba.ucc.okstate.edu>, srogers@osuunx.ucc.okstate.edu says:
>
>I lost a hive last fall to wax months, and my second hive this
>spring for reasons unknown.  On a warm  February day I went out 
>for a quick look see, and all was well.  Two weeks later the entire
>hive was gone. There  was  honey in the hive, and no signs of starvation
>or an excessive number of dead bees.  Its like the entire hive left.
>Is this normal swarm behavior?  I thought in swarming, some wwould 
>stay behind.  This is very disappointing.  This hive won me first
>prize in our county fair last year.  I though I knew what I was
>doing, but obviously not.  I'm going to try one more time.


Hi Steve.  What you describe is so disappointing.  From my reading and
what others tell me it sounds as if you may have had a mite problem.
The key is that the hive has adequate stores, etc. but almost no bees, dead
or otherwise.  I have no experience with this as here on Vancouver Island 
on the British Columbia coast we have no mites, (yet!?!).  It will be 
interesting to see what others say.

Ron


From ajdel@interramp.com Sun May  7 16:51:33 EDT 1995
Article: 1717 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: A. J. deLange <ajdel@interramp.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: amyl acetate
Date: 2 May 1995 11:48:43 GMT
Organization: Zeta Asociates, Inc.
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In article <1995Apr26.150724.4641@inet.d48.lilly.com> Mike Quimby,
m.quimby@lilly.com writes:
>Greetings!  I just wanted to double check and I don't have my bee book
>with me.....amyl acetate is the alarm pheremone for honeybees, correct? 
>If anyone knows of a good reference discussing this subject, would you
>please direct me to it?  Thanks in advace!!

Yes. "The Hive and the Honey Bee" has some info on this but I don't
remember it being too extensive.

AJ
ajdel@interramp.com


From marjorie@netcom.com Sun May  7 16:51:34 EDT 1995
Article: 1718 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: marjorie@netcom.com (Marjorie Rosen)
Subject: Re: Seeking beeswax
Message-ID: <marjorieD7xqLv.50H@netcom.com>
Organization: The Rosen Home
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Kathleen A. Devlin (bw530@FreeNet.Carleton.CA) wrote:
: Anyone know where I can obtain a local supplier (Michigan) of beeswax?
: Is this a product that I might be able to obtain from a beekeeper?
: I would even settle for a mail order source.

Definintely. Check your phone book for beekeepers or apiaries.

Good Luck

Marjorie


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Sun May  7 16:51:35 EDT 1995
Article: 1719 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bees under Siding
Date: 5 May 1995 03:43:15 GMT
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Leslie D. Cuff (lez@cs.mun.ca) wrote:
: As I mentioned, I've got bees living in my house. I happen to like bees
: (though my wife is a little less enthusiastic) so I'd like to keep them
: alive. However, I've got to replace the siding on the house. So, I've
: got to either lure them out, or prepare to be swarmed when I start to 
: rip the siding off (I assume).

: What is the best thing to do?

: Can I tease them out into a hive (perhaps by putting a hive-like thingy
: over the entrance hole?)

You could put a bee-escape (essentially a one-way contraption) on the 
entrance with duct tape.  You'd need to set-up another hive as close as 
possible to the old hive entrance.  What happens is the bees leave the 
original hive, and upon returning from foraging discover they can't get back 
in, and eventually give-up trying and enter the second hive.  The 
original hive dwindles until there are only (as someone else recently 
wrote) "hungry brood" and a queen.  Eventually they die.  The advantage 
is that you save some/most of the bees.  Disadvantages are obvious.  The 
other option is that you do a careful removal.  Yes, some bees will get 
killed in the process, but if you take your time and the site is 
relatively accessible, you can save much of the brood and bees. YOu may 
also get the queen if you are lucky.  

Are you a beekeeper?

Dave
  


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Sun May  7 16:51:36 EDT 1995
Article: 1720 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Winter losses
Date: Tue, 02 May 95 08:14:16 EDT
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In article <3o2v1k$jga@bubba.ucc.okstate.edu>
srogers@osuunx.ucc.okstate.edu writes:
 
>
>I lost a hive last fall to wax months, and my second hive this
>spring for reasons unknown.  On a warm  February day I went out
>for a quick look see, and all was well.  Two weeks later the entire
>hive was gone. There  was  honey in the hive, and no signs of starvation
>or an excessive number of dead bees.  Its like the entire hive left.
>Is this normal swarm behavior?  I thought in swarming, some would
>stay behind....
 
What you describe is not normal swarm behavior, and I don't think
February/March is 'normal' swarm season in Oklahoma anyway.  Absconding
is not uncommon for packaged bees, although thankfully it's not a common
occurence either and certainly not common for established hives.  Bees
infested with varroa have been known to abscond, although I cannot
guess how such action would relieve the hive from the mites.  I would
think the bees would bring the mites with them, but irregardless, they
abscond anyway.  Perhaps this is what happened with your bees.  Have
mites been a problem in your area?  Keep a watchful eye this season!
 
Aaron Morris


From crowther@rschp1.anu.edu.au Sun May  7 16:51:37 EDT 1995
Article: 1721 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: <crowther@rschp1.anu.edu.au>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Kitchen Bees
Date: 5 May 1995 06:20:14 GMT
Organization: Australian National University
Lines: 21
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AJ Muia <ajmuia@paul.spu.edu> wrote:
>I spoke with Pat Wagner last month and she told me that she keeps a 
hive
>in her kitchen.  How is this possible?  Has anyone else tried indoor 
>beekeeping?  I hope I'm not misquoting her, but I'm pretty certain she 
>did say in the kitchen.

A friend of mine a looonngg time back used to keep bees in her bathroom 
on the second floor of a block of flats. She had a small window with no 
glass in it and had the hive pushed up against the wall facing outside. 
Not what I would think was the best way to keep them but it seemed to 
work for her for a number of years.

This might be how Pat is keeping her bees????

Best regards
Jeff C.

mailto:crowther@rschp1.anu.edu.au




From roe@crosfield.co.uk Sun May  7 16:51:37 EDT 1995
Article: 1722 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: Kitchen Bees
Message-ID: <1995May5.122958.1739@crosfield.co.uk>
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
References: <Pine.OSF.3.91.950426191555.11840A-100000@paul.spu.edu>
Date: Fri, 5 May 1995 12:29:58 GMT
Lines: 25

In article <Pine.OSF.3.91.950426191555.11840A-100000@paul.spu.edu> AJ Muia <ajmuia@paul.spu.edu> writes:
>
>I spoke with Pat Wagner last month and she told me that she keeps a hive 
>in her kitchen.  How is this possible?  Has anyone else tried indoor 
>beekeeping?  I hope I'm not misquoting her, but I'm pretty certain she 
>did say in the kitchen.
>
I expect this is an observation hive - a very small hive with glass
windows so that you can see what's happening inside.  The usual
arrangement is to keep the hive indoors but have a separate outdoor
entrance for the bees.  On way of doing this is to drill a hole in a
window frame and push through a piece of hosepipe which leads to the
observation hive.  An entrance this size would be too small for a
full sized hive but is quite adequate for the relatively small number
of bees in an observation hive.

Running an observation hive is quite difficult and not recommended for
a beginner.  It's the beekeeping equivalent of bonsai gardening.  The
colony must be kept unnaturally small but still balanced in population,
stores etc.
-- 
Malcolm Roe                                Phone  :  +44 1442 345104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd                  Fax    :  +44 1442 343000
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK        E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From erice@nature.berkeley.edu Sun May  7 16:51:38 EDT 1995
Article: 1723 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!newsserver.jvnc.net!igate2.cyanamid.com!Hypatia
From: erice@nature.berkeley.edu (Eric K. Engelhard)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Looking for a hive "nuke" in NJ
Date: Wed, 26 Apr 1995 13:51:31 +0000
Organization: American Cyanamid ARD
Lines: 14
Message-ID: <9504261351.AA31547@Hypatia>
Reply-To: erice@nature.berkeley.edu (Eric K. Engelhard)
NNTP-Posting-Host: ptx107.cyanamid.com
X-Newsreader: InterCon TCP/Connect II 1.2.1

Hi,
	I live in the Princeton area of New Jersey and am looking for a 2 tp 3 
pound "nuke" of Italian bees. I prefer dealing with locals (at least within 
the state). If anyone can help, then please let me know. I can be reached 
most easily at erice@nature.berkeley.edu.

			Thanks,
			Eric Engelhard
			Insect Pathologist
			American Cyanamid Co.






From c_dbowen@qualcomm.com Sun May  7 16:51:39 EDT 1995
Article: 1724 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!qualcomm.com!usenet
From: c_dbowen@qualcomm.com (Don Bowen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Winter losses
Date: 5 May 1995 14:45:16 GMT
Organization: SAS
Lines: 18
Message-ID: <3oddls$hjd@qualcomm.com>
References: <3o2v1k$jga@bubba.ucc.okstate.edu> <1739273DBS86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: dbowen.qualcomm.com
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.90.4

In article <1739273DBS86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>, SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) says:

>What you describe is not normal swarm behavior, and I don't think
>February/March is 'normal' swarm season in Oklahoma anyway.  Absconding
>is not uncommon for packaged bees, although thankfully it's not a common
>occurence either and certainly not common for established hives.  Bees
>infested with varroa have been known to abscond, although I cannot
>guess how such action would relieve the hive from the mites.  I would
>think the bees would bring the mites with them, but irregardless, they
>abscond anyway.  Perhaps this is what happened with your bees.  Have
>mites been a problem in your area?  Keep a watchful eye this season!
> 
>Aaron Morris

	What is the current thinking obout reducing mite losses?  I only
have a couple of hives so I cannot afford any loss and can afford to spend 
extra time doing whatever is necessary.



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sun May  7 16:51:40 EDT 1995
Article: 1725 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,sci.agriculture,misc.rural,rec.gardens,alt.sustainable.agriculture,sci.answers,misc.answers,rec.answers,alt.answers,news.answers
Subject: sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ
Followup-To: poster
Date: 5 May 1995 21:41:42 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
Lines: 439
Approved: news.answers-request@MIT.EDU
Message-ID: <3oe62m$rfh@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Reply-To: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf
Summary: This posting contains a list of pointers toward apicultural
	 and beekeeping information on the internet. It should be read by
	 anyone who wishes to post to the newsgroup
	 sci.agriculture.beekeeping or the listserv bee-l.
Keywords: bee beekeeping apis honey mead pollination pollen
Originator: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1725 sci.agriculture:4495 misc.rural:17657 rec.gardens:67939 alt.sustainable.agriculture:6376 sci.answers:2548 misc.answers:1854 rec.answers:11468 alt.answers:8797 news.answers:41740


Archive-name: beekeeping-faq
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Last-modified:1995/05/5


   This FAQ tries to list and point to all informational resources on the
internet for beekeepers and apiculturists. A great old beekeeping cliche
is:  "there are about as many ways to keep bees as there are beekeepers."
Therefore rather than list and then answer the myriad beekeeping, bee
culture, and apicultural questions in a cumbersome document, specific
internet resources are listed in this FAQ so that you may find your own
answers, like a true beekeeper!
   If you are unable to utilize any of these resources, please don't
hesitate to contact me or post to sci.agriculture.beekeeping. As a last
resort, you could even mail the listserv, bee-l, but *please* be sure to
include a return address in your letter, and to realize that your question
will go to *** all *** the list subscribers. Explicit instructions on
listserv use and bee-l are included in this FAQ. Please read them before
mailing anything to bee-l. You can always ask somebody.  Asking really
works!

 I'm working on an internet archive for beekeeping. Once this is done,
(soon, maybe by next month) you may mail me with information, comments, hints,
stories, FAQ ANSWERS, and they will become archived in an easily
accessible way, via ftp, gopher, and www. I have already received some
really nice beekeeping files. Thank you, you know who you are and you
deserve praise!


 

                                ******  WHAT'S NEW:  ******


  *  USDA-ARS Carl Hayden Bee Research Center (WWW)
     http://gears.tuscon.ars.ag.gov




  *  Bees For Development (Magazine)
     Dr. Nicola Bradbear, ed.
     Bees For Development, Troy, Monmouth, NP5 4AB, UK
     (F) +44 1600 716167
     email: 100410.2631@compuserve.com 

  
  * Want to make beeswax soap or mead vinegar?
    Elain White has some information.
    email: ewhitevhp@aol.com 
 

  * Some other addresses and URLs have been updated. Please send me any changes
    or additions. I'll be setting up the new beekeeping archive soon, and
    will be able to store larger files.  Please feel free to contribute.




		  ** POINTERS TO APICULTURAL INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET **


USENET news
 * sci.agriculture.beekeeping   Beekeeping, bee-culture and
hive products.


Listserv:
* BEE-L
  BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information
  concerning the biology of bees.  This includes honey bees
  and other bees (and maybe even wasps).  We communicate about
  sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution,
  genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower
  nectar and pollen production of bees.

To subscribe to BEE-L, send e-mail to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu
with one line in the body of your message:
SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <put your real name here>

To get help on how to run the listserver, send e-mail to
listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu with one line
in the body of your message:
HELP

To send a message to all current BEE-L subscribers, mail it to
BEE-L@uacsc2.albany.edu.


(FOR DETAILED LISTSERV INSTRUCTIONS, READ BEE-L SECTION AT END OF FAQ)



* Beekeeping Home Page (WWW)
   http://weber.u.washington.edu/~jlks/bee.html


* _Apis_ Magazine archive (WWW)
   http://gnv.ifas.ufl.edu:7999/~entweb/apis/apis.html

* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Colorado State University
    http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/ent.html


* Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Iowa State University
    http://www.public.iastate.edu/~entomology/


* sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu anonymous ftp, gopher


* sunsite.unc.edu  WWW,anonymous ftp, gopher, telnet 

WWW:
http://sunsite.unc.edu/11/.pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping/ 

anonymous ftp:
ftp sunsite.unc.edu
cd pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping

gopher:
gopher sunsite.unc.edu

go to:
The Worlds of sunsite
Sustainable Agriculture Information
beekeeping
(it's in there, the archive is huge!)
(for more information about sunsite archives contact london@sunsite.unc.edu)

* ftp.ucdavis.edu   
anonymous ftp:
ftp ftp.ucdavis.edu
 /pub/extension/4h-youth/bee-keeping


* Beekeeping FAQ's from beenet.com

How to USE:

Internet E-Mail a message addressed to:  HINT.103@beenet.com
on subject line put the name of FAQ   :  HONEY ADULTERATION

Thats all, you are welcome to add a message.<G> Mail runs are
6am & 6pm. Problems, post to sysop@beenet.com ..


  FAQ                                           Last update   3-10-95
  name                                                * NEW or UPDATED
_________
HINT.IND        THIS INDEX                                     *
HINT.101        SOURCES OF BEEKEEPING INFORMATION
HINT.102        HONEY AND ITS USES
HINT.103        HONEY ADULTERATION
HINT.104        FLORIDA BEE INSPECTION
HINT.105        FLORIDA BEARS AND BEEKEEPING
HINT.106        HONEY HOUSE SANITATION
HINT.107        FLORIDA HONEY LABELING REGULATIONS
HINT.108        PRODUCING SECTION (COMB) HONEY
HINT.109        EXHIBITING HONEY
HINT.110        SAMPLE POLLINATION AGREEMENT
HINT.111        SOLAR BEESWAX RENDERING AND HINTS FOR EXHIBITING WAX BLOCKS
HINT.112        EXTENSION APICULTURAL VISUAL AIDS
HINT.113        USING HONEY IN LARGE-QUANTITY RECIPES
HINT.115        GOOD NEIGHBOR GUIDELINES AND ORDINANCES
HINT.116        CHALKBROOD RECOMMENDATIONS
HINT.117        HONEY MARKETING SURVEY
HINT.118        PRODUCING POLLEN
HINT.119        FINANCIAL MANGEMENT FOR BEEKEEPERS
HINT.120        UPWARD VENTILATION
HINT.121        WAX MOTH CONTROL
HINT.122        BEE STINGS AND REACTIONS
HINT.123        EXTENSION APICULTURE IN FLORIDA
HINT.124        FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RATIOS FOR BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.125        PRESERVING WOODENWARE IN BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS
HINT.126        THE VALUE OF POLLINATION BY HONEY BEES
HINT.127        THE VARROA BEE MITE
HINT.128        INFANT BOTULISM AND HONEY
HINT.129        HONEY JUDGING AND STANDARDS
HINT.130        USING THE HONEY REFRACTOMETER
HINT.131        OBSERVATION BEE HIVES

All HINT's courtesy of Malcolm T. Sanford, Cooperative Extension Service
University of Florida, Gainesville, Fl Internet address:mts@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
beenet.com is a Information Service for Beekeepers & Friends, operated by
Andy Nachbaur from the Wild Bee's BBS, 209-826-8107, Los Banos, Calif.

* Remote File Retriver from beenet.com

        ( CLOSED FOR REPAIRS )



* Honey Hotline                       NHB Food Technology Program
  1 -800-356-5941                     P.O. Box 281525
  415-340-3568  (FAX)              San Franscisco, CA 94128-1525 USA


* National Honey Board
  421 21 st, suite 203,
  Longmont, CO  80501 USA
  303-776-2337





* The American Apitherapy Society,Inc.
  P.O. Box 54
  Hartland Four Corners, VT  05049
  (V) 800-823-3460  (F) 802-436-2827  (International) 802-436-2708

 *International Bee Research Association 
  18 North Rd
  Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK
  F: (+44) 1222 665 522
  V: (+44) 1222 372 409 (24 hrs)
  email: IBRA@cardiff.ac.uk
  Now putting out "B-Mail" a monthly newsletter available on the newsgroup
  or the listserver, soon to be archived.


 * Mead list:

   Send ONLY articles for the digest to mead@talisman.com.

   Use mead-request@talisman.com for [un]subscribe/admin requests.
   When subscribing, please include name and email address in body of
   message.  Digest archives and FAQ are available for anonymous ftp at:

   ftp.stanford.edu in pub/clubs/homebrew/mead.


* The Mead Association
  P.O. Box 4666
  Grand Junction, CO 81502
  1-800-693-MEAD
  outside US 303-442-9111 

* Mead Makers Page (WWW)

  http://www.atd.ucar.edu/rdp/gfc/mead/mead.html


* Mead book list: for a good list of books on mead mail:
  jkl2@Ra.MsState.edu (ask for book list).











		     ***** Online Beekeeping Reference Sources ******



* Malcolm Roe is pleased to answer British beekeeping questions such as:
how to get started, the addresses of local associations and equipment
suppliers, where to get some bees, legal questions, etc.
 email  roe@crosfield.co.uk

* _The Hewitt Apicultural Collection_ 
gopher: <  gopher.uconn.edu > Select Libraries and Research
Services. Then Edward H Kirschbaum Library (Waterbury Campus).
Lastly, Hewitt Apicultural Collection. 
Sheila A. Lafferty, librarian/archivist at UCONN handles this great
resource.
Write her for a bibliography, or questions. email  wbladm03@uconnvm.uconn.edu

* B-EYE   bee eye simulator
WWW pages that offer to "see the world through the eyes of a bee."
http://cvs.anu.edu.au/andy/
Andy Giger
email  giger@rsbs-central.anu.edu.au


* Northern Bee books Newsletter
This monthly newsletter is an attempt at making information
on newly appearing beebooks, as well as on those 'golden
oldies' available to the beekeeping community.
It is published simultaneously in BEENET,
in sci.agiculture.beekeeping newsgroup and in BEE-L.
Our main source of info is at Northern bee books UK, but input
( related to beebooks) from others is hereby cordially invited.
Hugo Veerkamp
email  w.bos@voeding.tno.nl  * mark your mail * -- "To Hugo Veerkamp"


***** Specialists *****

 * Dr. Rick Fell, Apiculture/Entomology professor and researcher at VA Tech
is available for questions, comments and queries.         
email  rfell@vt.edu


 * Dr. Adrian Wenner, Biology professor and researcher at UCAL SB has
available information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu 

 * Diana Sammataro, bee researcher, author, is available for Tracheal mite
questions and tracheal mite information.
email  dsammata@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu


 * Jim Dixon has information on Yellow Jacket Control.
email jdixon@ogopogo.educ.sfu.ca

 * Sharon J. Collman, W.S.U. Cooperative Extension, also has Yellow Jacket
control information.
email collmans@wsuvm.csc.wsu.edu

* For historical bee lore questions (bees knees), and bee lore info
write Warner Granade, Librarian at UVa.
email jwg2y@poe.acc.virginia.edu

* Pollen Information, including pollen production and pollen usage is 
available from Rob Bidleman.
email robbee@crl.com 


* For free information on observation hives
email bculture@aol.com    ask for _Observation Hive How-To


* Bee Venom contact
Michael Simics at 204 - 1331 15th Ave. S.W., Calgary ,Alta., Canada T3C 0X8
Ph/Fax  (403) 541-1877
email: dgscribi@system6.lcs.gov.bc.ca 


* BOMBUS
 A mailing list dedicated to Bumblebees.
 To subscribe, send a message to bombus-request@csi.uottawa.ca.
 To send a message to everyone on the list, mail it to
 bombus@csi.uottawa.ca.
 The Bombus list is maintained by Chris Plowright
 (plowright@csi.uottawa.ca)


What is BEE-L?
Charter:
BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information
concerning the biology of bees.  This includes honey bees
and other bees (and maybe even wasps).  We communicate about
sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution,
genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower
nectar and pollen production of bees.
On the technical side:
BEE-L is a computerized e-mail list. All e-mail sent to the BEE-L
address is duplicated and mailed to all the current subscribers on the
list. The listserver (the computer that runs the list) maintains a log
(archive) of all messages, and list members may request a copy of
the log. The archive has a separate file for each month, and these
files are currently saved for about a year. To access the listserve
computer itself (i.e. to subscribe to or unsubscribe from BEE-L, to
request a log file, etc.), send e-mail to the listserver address. Don't
send control messages to the BEE-L address, because the message
will just be sent to everyone on the list, and the computer will not do
what you wanted it to do. Note that most control messages contain
the list name (BEE-L) somewhere in the command, as the listserve
computer generally runs many lists at any given time.
 
How do I post a message to BEE-L?
If you are on the Internet, send an e-mail message to
bee-l@uacsc2.albany.edu If you are on BitNet, address your e-mail to
bee-l@ALBNYVM1.BITNET  Any message received at these addresses
will be duplicated and mailed to everyone currently subscribed to
the BEE-L list.
 
How do I subscribe to, or unsubscribe from BEE-L?
Send mail to the listserve computer (from the Internet the address is
listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu  from BitNet, the address is
listserv@ALBNYVM1.BITNET  To SUBSCRIBE, the body of your
message  must contain the line:
SUBSCRIBE BEE-L <your full name>
You may abbreviate SUBSCRIBE with SUB. Be sure to substitute your
real name for the <your full name> placeholder. You do not need
quotes or any other delimiters surrounding your name. The listserve
computer will determine your address from the "From:" header in
your message. To UNSUBSCRIBE, the body of your message must
contain the line:
SIGNOFF BEE-L
You may substitute either UNSUBSCRIBE or UNSUB for the SIGNOFF in
this command to remove your subscription to the list If your address
has changed since you subscribed, this command will fail - write to
YOUR local POSTMAST/POSTMASTER/POSTMSTR id for assistance.  If
that fails, then write to OWNER-BEE-L     @<listnode> for assistance.
If that fails, then write one of the following (these are typical addresses
that should be forwarded to a person who can answer your question):
POSTMASTER@<listnode>
POSTMAST@<listnode>
POSTMSTR@<listnode>
Note: <listnode> = ALBNYVM1.BITNET if you are on BitNet.
<listnode> = uacsc2.albany.edu  if you are on Internet).
 


To avoid this problem, UNSUBSCRIBE from  BEE-L before you move to
a new e-mail address, and then  resubscribe from your new address.
 
How do I get help using the listserver?
Send a message to the listserver, with the one word HELP in the body
of the message.  Address the message to listserv@albnyvm1.bitnet if
you  are on BitNet, or address it to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu if you
are  on the Internet. The listserver will mail a help document back to
you.  Sending the message INFO ? will cause the listserver to mail
you a  list of additional help documents that are available. These
additional  documents are requested by sending the message INFO
<topic> (be  sure to substitute the desired document name for <topic>)


Aknowledgments

I would like to thank the following individuals:

Jon Gefael who taught me and who is almost always right
Pete Thorsen who is a walking man page
Rick Hough for his FAQ contributions (the bee-l how-to), and gentle way
Ron Dippold and UVV for handling the newsgroup vote 
My school, VA Tech, for giving me an account
Dr. Rick Fell, for making me think
My old friend Jayne who bears with me even to this day
My children for their beauty
and to beekeepers worldwide
 
Copyright (c) 1995 by Adam Finkelstein, all rights reserved.
This FAQ may not be distributed for financial gain.
This FAQ may not be included in commercial collections or compilations
without express permission from the author.
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sun May  7 16:51:41 EDT 1995
Article: 1726 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!hookup!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: B-Mail_5/95
Date: 2 May 1995 18:05:53 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 223
Message-ID: <3o5sa1$spn@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf


=====================================================

B-MAIL

A monthly newsletter on issues and events in the bee world, provided
by IBRA, the world information service for bee science and beekeeping.

>From Andrew Matheson, Director

**May 1995**

=====================================================
CONSERVING EUROPE'S BEES

We had over 100 people at the scientific symposium of that name,
organized by IBRA and the Linnean Society of London and supported by
the European Commission DG12.  The gathering was characterized by a
high standard of presentations, both oral and poster papers, eager
discussion (it was very hard to close up the coffee breaks!), and a good
spirit of collaboration.

There will be a full review of the symposium by Rob Paxton in the next
Bee World, and early 1996 will see a book on bee conservation published
by IBRA, the Linnean Society and Academic Press.

BUT WHICH HABITATS?

Yes, we're all getting switched on to realising that bees need conserving,
and that conserving habitats is the key to protecting nesting sites and food
sources.  But is conserving habitats simply a matter of protecting land from
human interference?  Locking land up is good for some conservation
purposes, but for bee species the matter isn't that simple.   The session at
our meeting on 'Habitats for bees', convened by Paul Westrich, threw
some light on this.

Paul discussed the concept of partial habitats, making the point that nest
sites, pollen sources and building materials must be available in
combination within the home range of a female.  Some types of habitat
such as moors, heaths, inland dunes or unimproved meadows actually
contain all the resources a female needs for reproduction and the home
range of the bee does not exceed the habitat boundaries. Therefore
conservation and management of these habitat types are effective means
to protect the species inhabiting them.

But the entire habitat complex of a bee species very often consists of
several partial habitats, especially when each partial habitat contains only
one of the required resources. The nest site can lie several hundred
metres away from the foraging site and a completely different type of
habitat not used by the bee can divide them. Typical partial habitats are
cliffs, unstable slopes or rocks (nesting sites) and ruderal places or fens
(pollen collecting sites).

Intensive land use very often leads to the destruction of one partial habitat
and thus to the loss of either the nesting or the foraging site. As a
consequence the bee population depending on the resource provided by
this partial habitat is extinguished. Therefore protecting bees in many
cases requires more than conserving just one single site. It must always
give special attention to the whole range of activity and all the resources a
given species' needs.

A fascinating example of how urban areas can provide important habitats
for bees was given by Chris Saure.  I found this particularly interesting
partly because I love Berlin, but also because of the interplay between
political events and the natural habitats.

A big surprise to many first-time visitors is how green Berlin is (and how
flat; it has more canals than Venice).  Within Berlin 262 bee species have
so far been recorded; this comparatively high number is due to the
favourable conditions of the local climate, the light and sandy soil and the
large number of different habitat types. Berlin has many disturbed areas
and ruderal places like disused railways, abandoned airports, heaps of
rubble, roadsides and sand pits.

Ruderal areas are places which have been disturbed by human
intervention, but which are currently undisturbed or abandoned.  For bees
these are most beneficial in their early years, but as the habitats move
towards supporting a climax community fewer nest sites and food
resources are provided for bees.  The fascinating thing about Berlin is that
the dates can be determined very accurately for when land (such as
railway lines) became unused, making the sequence of recolonization by
plants and animals easier to study.

Ruderal areas can function as refugia and centres of dispersal for many
species and as stepping stones in the habitat network. These urban
habitats merit much more protection. But in the last few years many
valuable ruderal areas in Berlin have been destroyed by building houses
and industrial plants, due to the political and economic changes after
German reunification. Saure considers that it is imperative to protect the
most important habitats and develop management strategies to maintain
the species richness and prevent a further decline. The first nature
conservation area is already in the planning stages.

HONEY BEES AND NATIVE SPECIES

Where honey bees are an introduced species, beekeepers are concerned
about possible restrictions on their industry for conservation reasons.
Managers of conservation land in some countries are becoming more alert
to the possible impact of honey bees on native plant and animal species.

One study from New Zealand presented at our bee conservation meeting
gave honey bees a relatively clean report.  The authors, Vivian Butz Huryn
and Henrik Moller of the University of Otago, reported that although honey
bees in that country use a taxonomically rich array of native flora only a
small proportion of native plants are visited intensively.  It seems there is
little potential for disruption of specialized plant-pollinator relationships.

Introduced weeds are a problem in protected natural areas; do honey
bees add to their impact through pollination?  Though honey bees visit
many (43 percent) of these species, honey bees are probably effective
pollinators of few of them.

Another area of possible conflict is in the beech honeydew areas, where
bees remove much of what is a very rich food source for insects and birds.
The most intensive stocking of an area with honey bees could deplete
honeydew standing crop by up to 82 percent for brief periods, but average
colony densities would cause only a 13 percent decline.  Introduced social
wasps have been observed causing a decline of as much as 91-99
percent.

The biology of New Zealand's 40 or so species of native bees is poorly
understood, and any competitive effects of honey bees are not yet known.

Only 0.6 percent of managed honey bee colonies in New Zealand are kept
in protected natural areas.  The Department of Conservation, responsible
for managing these areas, has adopted a flexible strategy of allowing
beekeeping to continue while reserving the right to exclude if evidence
demonstrates a conflict between apiculture and conservation.  Butz Huryn
and Moller conclude that there is only a limited threat posed to
conservation by beekeeping in New Zealand.

AND ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE TASMAN

This issue is also hot in Australia.  David Paton is looking at the effect of
honey bees in a national park in South Australia which during winter
contains up to 80% of the state's beehives.  Despite this high density of
honey bees, observations reported in the January 1995 'Australian
Beekeeper' showed that after honey bees stopped flying for the day there
was still nectar and pollen available.  One bird could obtain its daily
requirements by visiting only 10 inflorescences (of Banksia spp.) and 100
birds could feed per hectare.  It's fair to point out that in winter native bees
aren't active.

In the next issue of Bee World we will be publishing an excellent review by
Evan Sugden, Robbin Thorp and Stephen Buchmann of how beekeeping
in Australia has been challenged by concern about competition between
honey bees and native bees, and how it has responded to the issues
raised.

VARROA INVADING BROOD CELLS

There has been quite a bit of discussion lately about what triggers varroa
to enter a brood cell, and whether any chemical stimuli can be used to lure
these mites into a trap instead.

Some of the finest work on this subject has been done by a team at
Wageningen University in the Netherlands.  One member, Willem Boot,
has recently published his thesis entitled 'Invasion of varroa mites into
honey bee brood cells'; but in the European style this thesis is in fact a
collection of research papers that have been published or accepted by
peer-reviewed journals.  There are nine papers included, four published
between 1992 and 1994 and the remaining five in press with different
journals.  Being from a Dutch university, of course these papers are in
English (!).

I don't know if copies are available for sale anywhere, but IBRA members
can borrow this title from our library.

GET TO GLOUCESTER

Those of you lucky enough to be in Britain now that spring is here, can
make your way to Gloucester on 27 May.  IBRA will be holding its annual
day with the Gloucester beekeepers and Hartpury College, and a good
day will be enjoyed by the large crowd sure to attend.

It starts at 1030 at Hartpury College, which is on the A417 between
Gloucester and Ledbury.

BUMBLE BEES FOR PLEASURE AND PROFIT

The registration form is now out for this enjoyable and informative
programme.  Here it is, and remember that wFrom valdis Tue May  2 05:37:36 1995
Received: from ipe.cc.vt.edu (root@ipe.cc.vt.edu [128.173.4.8]) by vtaix.cc.vt.edu (8.6.12/8.6.12) with ESMTP id BAA32141 for <adamf@VTAIX.CC.VT.EDU>; Tue, 2 May 1995 01:37:36 -0400
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Date:         Mon, 1 May 1995 18:18:47 -0500
Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology <BEE-L@ALBNYVM1.BITNET>
Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology <BEE-L@ALBNYVM1.BITNET>
From: Doug Yanega <dyanega@DENR1.IGIS.UIUC.EDU>
Subject:      Re: petting bees
To: Multiple recipients of list BEE-L <BEE-L@ALBNYVM1>

>When I was a teen, I was known as "the girl who picks up bees" because
>I was always toting around some bumblebee I'd picked up at the local
>spring.  (They would congregate on the mud to get water, and I found that
>if I put a little water on my finger, I could pick them up and keep them
>happily lapping up liquid while I toted them around and showed them off to
>friends.  A little sugar-water worked just as well on the honeybees.)
>Needless to say, I had a bit of a reputation as an eccentric...but aren't
>all bee folks?  ;-)

Another good trick is to learn how to sex bees and wasps on sight, and then
grab a male and hold it for folks to admire (or, more usually, retreat in
terror). It  gives you the opportunity to explain, in dramatic fashion,
that males can't sting (just don't try this with Cicada Killers - the males
posess a "pseudo-sting" which is quite painful, even if it isn't venomous).

        It's especially fun to do this with Orchid Bees in the tropics;
males (ONLY males) are attracted to volatile oils like menthol, eucalyptol,
methyl salicylate, and the like, so just about any mouthwash will do (or
menthol or wintergreen breath lozenges), and you can attract and grab these
large, brilliant metallic bees, which will occasionally be carrying an
orchid pollinium.

Doug Yanega      Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr.
Champaign, IL 61820 USA     phone (217) 244-6817, fax (217) 333-4949
  "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness
        is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82

-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From paulp@ims.com Sun May  7 16:51:42 EDT 1995
Article: 1727 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!uhog.mit.edu!news.mathworks.com!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.cac.psu.edu!news.pop.psu.edu!hudson.lm.com!newsfeed.pitt.edu!dbisna.com!psinntp!psinntp!psinntp!psinntp!ims.com!ims.com!paulp
From: paulp@ims.com (Paul Petty)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: What's this bumblebee?
Date: Wed, 3 May 1995 16:43:02
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Keywords: bumblebee
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

A neighbor (near Portland OR) has a small birdhouse which is occupied by some 
bumblebees.  Their most distinct markings are whitish spots on the thorax and 
a bright reddish brown abdomen.  The abdomen color is mostly solid towards the 
front with black and brown stripes at the end, similar to a honeybees yellow 
and black color.  On the back of the thorax are a couple of  white or 
yellowish white spots.  The rest of the bee is dark colored.  It is also quite 
fuzzy looking.  Their size seemed to vary a lot.  The smallest ones were 
slightly larger than a honeybee drone with the largest ones about twice that 
size.  When I saw them they were flying in with pollen loads on their legs.  
They seemed fairly gentle.

The neighbor would like his birdhouse without the bees.  I would like to find 
out what they are before deciding what to do with them.  Any ideas?

Thanks


From jimply@nr.infi.net Sun May  7 16:51:43 EDT 1995
Article: 1728 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!news.infi.net!nr.infi.net!jimply
From: jimply@nr.infi.net (Jim )
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: New Hives - Just Starting
Date: Wed, 3 May 1995 19:23:04
Organization: InfiNet
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I am interested in learning more about bee keeping and possibly starting out.  
What would you suggest I read and what supplies should I puruse to begin.

A friend of mine who has been keeping bees for 5 years has helped me some 
already.

Please E-mail your responses to me.


From lez@cs.mun.ca Sun May  7 16:51:43 EDT 1995
Article: 1729 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: lez@cs.mun.ca (Leslie D. Cuff)
Subject: Bees under Siding
Message-ID: <1995May4.133609.21326@cs.mun.ca>
Sender: usenet@cs.mun.ca (NNTP server account)
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As I mentioned, I've got bees living in my house. I happen to like bees
(though my wife is a little less enthusiastic) so I'd like to keep them
alive. However, I've got to replace the siding on the house. So, I've
got to either lure them out, or prepare to be swarmed when I start to 
rip the siding off (I assume).

What is the best thing to do?

Can I tease them out into a hive (perhaps by putting a hive-like thingy
over the entrance hole?)

Help, Please

Les Cuff
Newfoundland, Canada
Surrounded by Artic ICe and Magnificent Icebergs.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun May  7 16:51:44 EDT 1995
Article: 1730 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Winter loss experienc
Date: Sat,  6 May 1995 02:18:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950506054144232@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
References: <ricks-0505951451530001@144.212.1.111> <rshough-2404951904520001@rshough> <APC&
Lines: 67        


R<>From: ricks@mathworks.com (Rick Spada)
 <>ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget) wrote:

R<>> Bumble bees and the like will save the planet. Mites are killing our honey
 <>> bees.  Libby, did you feed your hives in the winter? Did you use strips?

R<>From your comment, I can only infer that the Varoa and Tracheal (sp?)
 <>mites are specific to honeybees.  Is this indeed the case?  If so, why do
 <>they not bother other bees or wasps?


Hello Rick,

"Have no fear!" the other species of bee's all have their own diseases,
pest's and pathogens and they will not be replacing Honey Bee's in our
lifetime as the principal managed pollinator's or producer's of honey
and beeswax. They all are interesting and worthy of study and protection
but NONE should fall for the BS line that they are Honey Bee
replacement's just waiting for someone to throw money at them for
research or you will be like some of my farm neighbor's who are farming
over their expensive alkali bee beds and still looking for the last guy
who said leaf cutting bee's were a dependable alfalfa seed pollinator
and could be supplied and managed at less cost then renting Honey Bee's.

Most of these so called alternative pollinating bee's or insects have
been around as long as Honey Bee's and have not attracted more then
minimal interest as they have so far proven to be impracticable for all
but minor uses in very small acreage's and green houses. The problem is
that the few who do champion these bee's at time's make wild and out of
context claims for their own particular friend, bee it the Blue Orchard
Bee, or Bumble Bee or you name it, that can not be substantiated by
other's who would like to use these bee's in practical farm
situations. Granted there are areas that these bee's for one reason or
another may be better suited for pollination and they should be
encouraged and protected for those areas, but sadly when these bee's are
moved one way or another to other areas they are seldom successful and
are soon abandoned by agriculturists.

   All bee's have one thing in common when large unnatural population's
are needed for agriculture, "they all go to hell very fast with or
without experienced keeper's".

   I still have my own Leaf Cutter Board of healthy happy leaf cutter
bee's who have survived when other's have fallen to a leaf cutter chalk
brood or a nasty little parasite. Of course my bee's are a little
different from these other one's, they are survivor's, and aggressive in
their nesting habits, so I was informed in a article that appeared in
the press several year's ago that described them as the "killer alfalfa
leaf cutter bee's", because their bio type (long native to this
area) could be identified and would replace the bee's being brought into
the area for pollination.(more BS, but all done friendly and in fun!)

   I guess what I am saying is that we all should cooperate with other's
who are interested in bee's of any type, but not to the point that we
roll over so they can try their best to replace us, if only because a
1000+ years of study and untold man years of practical experience we
have on Honey Bee's and we don't know it all, and NO other bee can match
that..at least we know we don't have all the answers.

                                  ttul Andy-



(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
Opinions should not be considered facts.
Wild Bee's BBS (tm)


From jim2@xmission.com Sun May  7 16:51:45 EDT 1995
Article: 1731 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!engr.orst.edu!osshe.edu!news.uoregon.edu!news.xmission.com!slc56.xmission.com!jim2
From: jim2@xmission.com (Jim Jackson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Glass sides on Hive Body
Date: Fri, 5 May 1995 21:36:24
Organization: XMission Public Access Internet (801 539 0900)
Lines: 38
Message-ID: <jim2.50.00159BEE@xmission.com>
References: <regan.46.2FAA9971@law.cua.edu>
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In article <regan.46.2FAA9971@law.cua.edu> regan@law.cua.edu (Rick Regan) writes:
>From: regan@law.cua.edu (Rick Regan)
>Subject: Glass sides on Hive Body
>Date: Fri, 5 May 1995 21:32:33 GMT


>Maybe this is a strange question: has anyone had experience using a hive body 
>with one or more translucent sides (eg: one side made of glass/plastic instead 
>of wood)?    I was thinking of using something like this, to see what is going 
>on without opening the top.    If the bees object to the constant light, which 
>they would, I would put a door/shutters on the outside of the that side to 
>cover it.  But the glassy side would still be inside.

>Any thoughts?

>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Rick Regan, beekeeper wanna-bee.
>"Bees BANNED in DC!"

>Rick Regan
>Catholic University of America
>Washington, DC
>regan@law.cua.edu

><disclaim, disclaim,... mea culpea, mea culpea>


Go out and get yourself an obesevation hive. They are glass sided (one side 
anyway) single frame hives that you can put in your den or living room with a 
small plastic tube that leads through the wall to the outdoors. Great fun and 
the bees don't mind the light at all.

A glass wall on a regular hive body, wouldn't show all that much really, and 
the risk of direct sunlight hitting it and sending the heat level too high for 
the bees to cool.

Jim



From cronshaw@rain.org Sun May  7 16:51:46 EDT 1995
Article: 1732 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!uwm.edu!news.alpha.net!news.mathworks.com!news.ultranet.com!news.sprintlink.net!news.rain.org!port20.rain.org!user
From: cronshaw@rain.org (Paul Cronshaw D.C.)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Permandent vs Pure Beeswax Foundation
Date: Thu, 04 May 1995 14:03:52 -0800
Organization: RAIN Public Access Internet (805) 967-RAIN
Lines: 16
Message-ID: <cronshaw-0405951403520001@port20.rain.org>
NNTP-Posting-Host: port20.rain.org

Since I cannot seem to find the BEE-list these days, I am posting this
message on this Newsgroup.

What is the general consensus on Plastic foundation (i.e. Permadent) vs
Pure Beeswax foundation?

The ease of snapping plastic foundation is much greater than wiring,
eyelets and embedding pure beeswax.  

What are the pros and cons of plastic foundation?

-- 
Paul Cronshaw DC
Cyberspace Chiropractor
Helping the Infrastructure of the Backbone
cronshaw@rain.org


From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Sun May  7 16:51:47 EDT 1995
Article: 1733 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Introducing New Queens
Message-ID: <D87tut.DGG@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Sender: news@nntpa.cb.att.com (Netnews Administration)
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Quick questions regarding introducing a new queen.
I had a hive go queenless and then broodless.
So I added a frame from a strong hive which had
eggs and larva and some sealed brood.
As expected they started to make queen cells.
Three days after I put the frame in, my queens arrived
so I took out the frame with cells and put that into an 
observation hive.  I added another frame of brood from a strong
hive and the new queen into this queenless hive. (in her cage.)April 26, 1995
I open the hive May 6 and see that they have rejected her
and have built some additional queen cells.
Did I do something wrong or is this just normal?

Also have another new hive where I can find the queen
but she hasn't started to lay eggs yet. She has been in there
for about ten days. However there are no queen cells.

Is this just normal also?
Dave Verville  Plaistow NH
att!mvtowers!mvdfv


From regan@law.cua.edu Sun May  7 16:51:48 EDT 1995
Article: 1734 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: regan@law.cua.edu (Rick Regan)
Subject: Glass sides on Hive Body
Message-ID: <regan.46.2FAA9971@law.cua.edu>
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Sender: news@news.cua.edu (USENET News System)
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X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]
Date: Fri, 5 May 1995 21:32:33 GMT


Maybe this is a strange question: has anyone had experience using a hive body 
with one or more translucent sides (eg: one side made of glass/plastic instead 
of wood)?    I was thinking of using something like this, to see what is going 
on without opening the top.    If the bees object to the constant light, which 
they would, I would put a door/shutters on the outside of the that side to 
cover it.  But the glassy side would still be inside.

Any thoughts?

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rick Regan, beekeeper wanna-bee.
"Bees BANNED in DC!"

Rick Regan
Catholic University of America
Washington, DC
regan@law.cua.edu

<disclaim, disclaim,... mea culpea, mea culpea>


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun May 14 01:24:49 EDT 1995
Article: 1738 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: ABF FAXline
Date: Mon,  8 May 1995 00:45:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950507180950239@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 61        

AFB FAXline

The American Beekeeping Federation NEWSLETTER for March/April announces
a new service to Beekeepers. A fax based network for member's to report
bulk sales of honey and receive information on the same from other
members. A good idea, something the USDA has been doing for as long as I
can remember with it's Monthly Honey Market Reports, but of course the
information is a month old when you read it. I am sure the reason it was
as good as it could be on market reports, when it used to be good, was
that the reporter's knew that the information they were giving was not
going to lose them a market or sale as the information would be at least
a month old before the cat was out of the bag so to speak.

All that is no reason not to support and join the ABF in their efforts,
but it is something to keep in mind. How many beekeeper's are really
going to participate at the time of sale and how honest are they going
to be about it. After all are we not all independent small business
men? And those who are not, are just as human as the rest of us. A good
market is like a good bee location only the truly naive are going to
give their good luck or fortune away at the beginning of the flow by
telling everyone the bee's are making a super a day over by the Sand
Pit and local honey packer is paying me 69 cents a pound for the load
I am delivering tomorrow.

Maybe I am wrong and beekeeper's have changed, God know's beekeeping
has, and everyone is anxious to share market's, pasture, and the good
life with each other, I think not, and if this was a free service to
all from the ABF I would be more incline to think change has come, but
>from  my perspective it look's like another play for your dollar's in
membership, as you must pay $150. or more in due's to get the service
plus another $25. for a April-June trial period, now that it's way past
April and almost June, that seem's a little high since my copy of the
Newsletter just arrived.

  In an case, if any group of reader's is really interested in a
"Honey Market Hot Sheet", I would be happy to set up a return
Honey Market List that would return to each participant the same
market information as fast as you or other's on the list posted it.
This is no big deal and would cost nothing but your own time spent
reading and posting any sales you made. Could just as easy include
information on wax, bee hive sales, bee conditions, or what ever
was of interest to the list participants. Would be of little value
unless a lot of people participated, and for me little more then
interesting as I am still a member of the socialists honey marketing
group call Sue Bee and they make all the big decisions for me on my
honey when I have any, like how much of what's left over after they
sell it do I get. On a rising market like we now may be experiencing
it's not much fun in a co-op until the following year as they normally
follow a market up, but are slower in following it down. Good co-op
member's have outside income or a wife who works at least at the
start.<G>
                        ttul Andy-

BTW; The address for the American Beekeeping Federation is PO Box 1038
     Jesup, GA 31545, phone and fax number 912-427-8447, no internet
     address given? (A little too technically sophisticated I guess.)<G>



(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
Opinions are not necessarily facts.


From ringetringetame@mind.net Sun May 14 01:24:50 EDT 1995
Article: 1739 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!pacifier!rainrgnews0!ip3.mind.net!ringetringetame
From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: mites and ticks
Date: Thu, 4 May 1995 21:25:56
Organization: InfoStructure
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about 500,000 species of ticks and mites make up the subclass Acarina of the 
artropod class Arachnida (spyder) Remember Arachniphopia? The mite I fear is 
Verroa because it kills my bees. If you want live bees, kill the little 
spiders.
Love, BerryBob@AOL.COM  better E.Mail address


From ringetringetame@mind.net Sun May 14 01:24:51 EDT 1995
Article: 1740 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.mathworks.com!news.alpha.net!pacifier!rainrgnews0!ip3.mind.net!ringetringetame
From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Winter loss experiences
Date: Thu, 4 May 1995 21:30:58
Organization: InfoStructure
Lines: 19
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References: <rshough-2404951904520001@rshough> <APC&1'0'8024deeb'262@igc.apc.org>
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X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

In article <APC&1'0'8024deeb'262@igc.apc.org> Libby Goldstein <libby@igc.apc.org> writes:
>From: Libby Goldstein <libby@igc.apc.org>
>Subject: Re: Winter loss experiences
>Date: Sat, 29 Apr 1995 18:09:34 -0700 (PDT)

>We lost both of hives here in a South Philadelphia community
>garden. There was a mouse in one...also dead, and the bees in the
>other seem to have starved. No sign of mites or wax moths.

>We're expecting two nucs this week-end, but it's a bit too late
>for our fruit trees, and wild bees were not much in evidence
>during prime flowering weeks.  We do have lots of bumble bees
>around now, tho.

>Libby
Bumble bees and the like will save the planet. Mites are killing our honey 
bees.  Libby, did you feed your hives in the winter? Did you use strips?
BerryBob



From vcrimku@sandia.gov Sun May 14 01:24:52 EDT 1995
Article: 1741 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!uunet!news.sandia.gov!usenet
From: "Victor C. Rimkus" <vcrimku@sandia.gov>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Permandent vs Pure Beeswax Foundation
Date: 8 May 1995 14:45:58 GMT
Organization: Sandia National Laboratories
Lines: 26
Message-ID: <3olar6$eu2@news.sandia.gov>
References: <cronshaw-0405951403520001@port20.rain.org>
NNTP-Posting-Host: slick.raptor.sandia.gov

> What is the general consensus on Plastic foundation (i.e. Permadent) vs
> Pure Beeswax foundation?
> The ease of snapping plastic foundation is much greater than wiring,
> eyelets and embedding pure beeswax.  
> What are the pros and cons of plastic foundation?

Paul,

This is my third year using permadent foundation and I prefer it over
all other types. I have not had any problems with the bees not accepting
it. I have had problems with wax foundation sagging and being chewed
down. I have had problems with Duragilt sagging and rusting on the
metal edges. I am in the process of replacing all other types of
foundation with permadent. This process will take a few years but
it is so nice to have solid comb that does not sag or flop out of
the frame while doing inspections. I like it, and I think it enhances
the neatness of the hives which should make happier bees. As for
extracting, I haven't found anything easier to work with. I live in
a hot/dry climate and our honey is thick. Plain wax foundation breaks
before half of the honey can be extracted.

My question is:
Can old permadent be cleaned up and reused?





From ringetringetame@mind.net Sun May 14 01:24:53 EDT 1995
Article: 1742 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!psgrain!rainrgnews0!ip11.mind.net!ringetringetame
From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: stings
Date: Sat, 6 May 1995 15:32:50
Organization: InfoStructure
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <ringetringetame.65.000F8C8B@mind.net>
References: <3nsh56$5a1@holly.cc.uleth.ca> <173919B91S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ip11.mind.net
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

In article <173919B91S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) writes:
>From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
>Subject: Re: stings
>Date: Mon, 01 May 95 11:03:41 EDT

>In article <3nsh56$5a1@holly.cc.uleth.ca>
>hunchak@upanet.uleth.ca (Cindy Hunchak) writes:
> 
>>
>>Does anyone know a good remedy for stopping the pain after a beesting....
> 
>Time.

 Yes and get the stinger out by scraping skin with sharp knife. Honey works 
for some. Try hitting your big toe with a hammer, you will forget about a 
little sting.
BerryBob


From andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk Sun May 14 01:24:53 EDT 1995
Article: 1743 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!pipex!demon!matheson.demon.co.uk!andrew
From: "C:WINSOCKKA9QSPOOLMAIL" <andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: amyl acetate
Date: 8 May 1995 21:26:57 +0100
Organization: None
Lines: 9
Sender: news@news.demon.co.uk
Message-ID: <618046349wnr@matheson.demon.co.uk>
References: <3o566r$fu8@usenet.interramp.com>  <1995Apr26.150724.4641@inet.d48.lilly.com>
Reply-To: andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk
NNTP-Posting-Host: dispatch.demon.co.uk
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For reliable information about honey bee pheromones try:
'Pheromones of social bees' by John Free (218pp, 1987).  Price 27 
pounds plus postage, available from IBRA, the International Bee 
Research Association, (ibra@cardiff.ac.uk). 
-----------------------------------------------------------------
-----
* Andrew Matheson    E.mail andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk              *
----------------------------------------------------------------------



From bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca Sun May 14 01:24:54 EDT 1995
Article: 1744 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!spool.mu.edu!agate!news.mindlink.net!line33.nwm.mindlink.net!user
From: bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca (bill fernihough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: stings
Date: 9 May 1995 04:20:43 GMT
Organization: none
Lines: 3
Message-ID: <bill_fernihough-0805952026460001@line33.nwm.mindlink.net>
References: <3nsh56$5a1@holly.cc.uleth.ca> <173919B91S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <ringetringetame.65.000F8C8B@mind.net>
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X-Newsreader: Value-Added NewsWatcher 2.0b14.2+

You can buy some stuff called after sting, an ammonia based product which
works very well, or try secret deodorant, it has some type of alumina
compound which also works.


From david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM Sun May 14 01:24:55 EDT 1995
Article: 1745 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!uunet!ncrgw2.ncr.com!ncrhub2!ncrcae!news
From: david macfawn <david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM>
Subject: Honey
Message-ID: <D89zqs.MGM@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM>
Sender: news@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM (news)
Reply-To: david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM (DAVEM)
Organization: AT&T Global Information Solutions
X-Newsreader: DiscussIT 2.0.1.2 for MS Windows [AT&T Software Products Division]
Date: Mon, 8 May 1995 20:04:03 GMT
Lines: 20


Does anyone have a reference on what various types of honey look like and 
taste like?  I would assume the look and taste would have to be in conjunction
with the location and time of year.  I am interested in a layman's guide,
nothing that I would have to examine under a microscope or other light.  Since
I am in South Carolina, I am especially interested in the southeast

I am also intestested in a guide to pollen, especially for the southeast. 
Again something that correlates the time of year, location, color of the
pollen, and the general size of the "grain"

Thanks,

Dave M.


david macfawn
AT&T Global Information Solutions
david.macfawn@ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM
(803) 939-632-7409


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun May 14 01:24:57 EDT 1995
Article: 1746 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: YELLOW PAGES added to FAQ
Date: Mon,  8 May 1995 15:27:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950508170121242@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 60        

          __________________________________________________________
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
        : WILD BEE'S BBS    Beekeeping Support BBS   209-826-8107    :
        : BEEKEEPING FAQ'S     Beekeeper's Helping Beekeepers        :
        :                                                            :
        : How to USE:                                                :
        :                                                            :
        : To receive a Beekeeping FAQ via E-MAIL, send a message to  :
        : to the FAQ name @beenet.com - For example, to get a copy   :
        : of this message, (WILDBEES.FAQ), send a internet E-MAIL    :
        : to: wildbees.faq@beenet.com ..To get a copy of the INDEX   :
        : of APICULTURAL ISSUES AND ANSWERS newsletters (APINDEX)    :
        : you would send E-MAIL to: apindex@beenet.com.              :
        :                                                            :
        : Mail runs are 6am & 6pm, California time zone. The system  :
        : is automated and nothing is required on the subject line   :
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        : FAQ        (total FAQ's in system 150)       Last update   :
        : name          one per message                 * NEW        :
        :------------------------------------------------------------:
        : WILDBEES.FAQ   YOU ARE READING IT. Check it       5-08-95  :
        :                once a month for changes!                   :
        :                                                            :
        : YELLOW.PAG     Internet Addresses of Beekeeper's  5-08-95  :
        :                YELLOW PAGES, 30K, Stan G. Kain             :
        :                                                            :
        : HINT.IND       INDEX of 30 different Beekeeping            :
        :                topics. From Malcolm T. Sanford.            :
        :                                                            :
        : BMAIL495.TXT   B-MAIL Newsletter, Bee Research             :
        :                Association, England.                       :
        :                                                            :
        : BKEEPING.FAQ   HOW TO FIND IT ON THE INTERNET,    5-01-95  :
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        : SUNSITE.FAQ    ARCHIVES of Internet Beekeeping    5-01-95  :
        :                news group and list mail, & more.           :
        :                                                            :
        : APINDEX        INDEX of Apricultural "Issues and           :
        :                Answers" APIS from Florida Extension        :
        :                                                            :
        : HEALING.BIB    HONEY & Healing, Bibliography      3-18-95  :
        :                                                            :
        : MEAD.FAQ       HOW TO find information on making           :
        :                HONEY MEAD. The drink of the God's!         :
        :                                                            :
        : SADBEES        1990 Beekeepers Review of Conditon in       :
        :                his hives as he saw them. True Today?       :
        :                                                            :
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        : andy.nachbaur@beenet.com, dial up (209) 826-8107 28.8 bd,  :
        : 8N1, 24 hrs since 1990.                                    :
        :------------------------------------------------------------:
         \__________________________________________________________/


From Bob St. John>stjohn@interpac.net Sun May 14 01:24:58 EDT 1995
Article: 1747 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!news.uoregon.edu!news.xmission.com!news.interpac.net!usenet
From: Bob St. John>stjohn@interpac.net
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Mites in Africa
Date: 9 May 1995 18:22:31 GMT
Organization: InterPacific Networks - Hawaii
Lines: 8
Message-ID: <3oobt7$fch@isis.interpac.net>
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X-Newsreader: AIR News 3.X (SPRY, Inc.)

I have been wondering if the mites have crossed into Africa. Cosidering what they 
did to the feral bee populations of Europe and North America, They would have an 
even more devastating effect on Africa.
In Ethiopia the wild bees are more significant to the general population  than in 
Europe and NA. I have been leaving this question on various newsgroups and I 
assume from the lack of response that the question is not being addressed.
If anyone has any data about this please let me know.



From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Sun May 14 01:24:59 EDT 1995
Article: 1748 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!news.kei.com!ub!newserve!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Winter losses
Date: Tue, 09 May 95 08:00:39 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 21
Message-ID: <1739970A9S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <3o2v1k$jga@bubba.ucc.okstate.edu> <1739273DBS86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <3oddls$hjd@qualcomm.com> <3ol4m7$ku5@bubba.ucc.okstate.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <3ol4m7$ku5@bubba.ucc.okstate.edu>
srogers@osuunx.ucc.okstate.edu writes:
 
>> >                                                        ...  Absconding
>> >is not uncommon for packaged bees, although thankfully it's not a common
>> >occurence either and certainly not common for established hives.
>>
>What is absconding?
>
>From  Webster's: "to hide away: to depart secretly and hide onself".
As it relates to beekeeping, it is the act of just leaving a hive for
another location.  It differs from swarming in that ALL the bees leave
for another site.  No bees remain behind.  This sometimes (rarely)
happens with packaged bees, is more common with captured swarms (a frame
of capped brood virtually assures that a swarm will stay put), and is
much more common with Africanized bees (a defense mechanism in their
native environment and an aid for their rapid migration from Brazil
throughout South and Central America and the southwest United States
(Texas, Arizona, New Mexico(?) and Southern California)).
 
Aaron Morris - thinking of absconding from work!


From srogers@osuunx.ucc.okstate.edu Sun May 14 01:24:59 EDT 1995
Article: 1749 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!news.ksu.ksu.edu!bubba.ucc.okstate.edu!news
From: srogers@osuunx.ucc.okstate.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Winter losses
Date: 8 May 1995 13:00:55 GMT
Organization: Oklahoma State University, Stillwater OK
Lines: 23
Message-ID: <3ol4m7$ku5@bubba.ucc.okstate.edu>
References: <3o2v1k$jga@bubba.ucc.okstate.edu> <1739273DBS86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> <3oddls$hjd@qualcomm.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: pcshc144.shc.okstate.edu

c_dbowen@qualcomm.com (Don Bowen) wrote:
>
> In article <1739273DBS86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>, SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) says:
> 
> >What you describe is not normal swarm behavior, and I don't think
> >February/March is 'normal' swarm season in Oklahoma anyway.  Absconding
> >is not uncommon for packaged bees, although thankfully it's not a common
> >occurence either and certainly not common for established hives.  Bees
> >infested with varroa have been known to abscond, although I cannot
> >guess how such action would relieve the hive from the mites.  I would
> >think the bees would bring the mites with them, but irregardless, they
> >abscond anyway.  Perhaps this is what happened with your bees.  Have
> >mites been a problem in your area?  Keep a watchful eye this season!
> > 
> >Aaron Morris
> 
> 	What is the current thinking obout reducing mite losses?  I only
> have a couple of hives so I cannot afford any loss and can afford to spend 
> extra time doing whatever is necessary.
> 
What is absconding?

Steve Rogers


From srogers@osuunx.ucc.okstate.edu Sun May 14 01:25:00 EDT 1995
Article: 1750 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!news.ksu.ksu.edu!bubba.ucc.okstate.edu!news
From: srogers@osuunx.ucc.okstate.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Apistan
Date: 8 May 1995 13:03:04 GMT
Organization: Oklahoma State University, Stillwater OK
Lines: 12
Message-ID: <3ol4q8$ku5@bubba.ucc.okstate.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: pcshc144.shc.okstate.edu

Are Apistan strips *only* for treatment of hives with varroa?

Is there any prophylactic benefit from periodic treatment?

What is the proper timing of the use of the strips and harvesting?

What of a new hive that I don't intend to havrvest this year?

Thanks,

Steve Rgoers



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun May 14 01:25:01 EDT 1995
Article: 1751 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Winter losses
Date: Tue,  9 May 1995 14:01:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950509170519251@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
References: <3ol4m7$ku5@bubba.ucc.okstate.edu> <3o2v1k$jga@bubba.ucc.okstate.edu> <1739273D
Lines: 24        


 <>What is absconding?

Hello!

That's a beekeeper catch all term that cover just about any reason a
otherwise healthy hive leaves a bee box for the tree's other then
swarming. When a hive abscond's normally no bee's remain in the hive.

Such as the ant's were bothering my bee's and they absconded. Or some
say Tex-Mex bee's abscond when they run short of honey, which may or
may not be true, depending on who you talk too. Absconding is rare in
healthy hive's, and hive's that are sick normally slowly die and/or
drift away. The problem comes when the beekeeper does not visually
see the last day's of his hive, which can happen at an accelerated
rate toward the end and finds all the bee's gone. He tend's to say they
absconded, especially if there are no visual sign's of a problem or
disease.

Another common cause of absconding is after a prime swarm or two
leave's a weakened hive with a late virgin queen. Some time all the
bee's will leave with the virgin on one of her flights and not return
to the hive.
                   Hope that helps, ttul Andy-


From betts@orion.etsu.edu Sun May 14 01:25:02 EDT 1995
Article: 1752 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!night.primate.wisc.edu!newsspool.doit.wisc.edu!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!cs.utexas.edu!news.unt.edu!hermes.oc.com!usenet
From: Gordon Betts <betts@orion.etsu.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: My first hive (if I'm brave)
Date: 8 May 1995 21:48:39 GMT
Organization: OpenConnect Systems, Dallas, TX, USA
Lines: 6
Message-ID: <3om3jn$d88@hermes.oc.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: acme.etsu.edu

A swarm is settling behind our office building at this very moment.
We have the hat, gloves, etc. and someone just said she'll give
me her old super.  I've never done this soooo - Any last minute tips 
before I "Just Do It"?
Thanks,
Gordon


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun May 14 01:25:03 EDT 1995
Article: 1753 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: VARROA ala natural
Date: Wed, 10 May 1995 00:51:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950510065336257@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 83        


originally in conference IN-BEE-LIST on (Wild Bee's BBS)
                    ----------------------------------------
From: Gordon@MULTITONE.CO.UK
Date:         Tue, 9 May 1995 13:41:58 +0000
Subject:      Re: VARROA

Mike Bipsham wrote:

> Here in the UK varroa is now endemic.  As an  ecologically  minded
> hobby  beekeeper,  I am unsure if I want to continue beekeeping if
> it means having to treat the hives with insecticide.  Does  anyone
> know of alternative treatments?

    Please Note:  I  posted  recently  about  some  'soft'
    chemicals  we  are  using.  Someone asked me to expand
    more.  I'm unable to add very much  and  we're  'just'
    beekeepers  not  a  research  establishment, however I
    shall report what I can.   Gordon

------------------------------------------------------------------

IBRA (ibra@cardiff.ac.uk) supply an  information  pack  on  Varroa
that makes good & useful reading.

Most of the alternative methodologies are fairly labour  intensive
but  feasible.  IMHO the main alternatives are:

    1) Drone Trapping.

    Divide a frame into three sections, fit  a  starter  strip  of
    foundation  and place this near the outside of the brood nest.
    The bees will (probably :-) draw drone comb on this (which  is
    what  we  want).  Varroa prefer to lay in drone comb so we can
    cut these sections out in rotation (one per  week)  whilst  we
    find  a  significant  infestation.  Makes a significant energy
    loss for the colony as they put a lot of work into the  drones
    we kill.

    2) Trapped Queen.

    Trap the queen onto a (preferably unused) frame using a  frame
    sized  cage  of QX material to trap her on that frame.  A week
    later transfer her onto another similar frame and do it again.
    A  week  later  do it again, then remove and destroy the first
    comb which by now will be sealed.  A week  later  release  the
    queen  and  destroy  comb  two, in the final week destroy comb
    three.  A powerful method because the mites have no choice but
    to  lay  in  the trapped frames.  Knocks the colony back a bit
    though.

    3) 'Soft' Chemicals.

    Debatable what's 'soft'.  Formic acid is  the  'usual'  stuff.
    It's  a  natural and degradable pesticide used by ants.  It is
    however pretty nasty stuff  for  us.   Handle  with  _extreme_
    care.   Lactic acid (naturally from milk) is used in a lighter
    concentration (5% sprayed lightly onto the bees &  combs)  and
    is  supposed  to  work  in  a  similar but less risky way than
    Formic.  I do know that it knocks down quite a lot  of  mites.
    Our   Association   here   (Basingstoke  UK)  have  also  been
    experimenting with icing sugar or french chalk dusted onto the
    bees  & combs.  The function of these is supposed to be purely
    mechanical -- it gets onto the sticky pads on the feet of  the
    mites,  they lose their grip and slip off.  I've looked pretty
    closely at quite a few and I think it's true because I can see
    eight  white  feet.  It seems likely that vigourous fanning by
    the bees may help this happen.  We don't know if there are any
    side  effects  --  whilst  the  materials are pretty benign in
    themselves, the drying effects may be significant.  All  these
    are basically contact only on the adult mites, so treatment is
    about every four days for four treatments.

The IBRA pack offers some other methods including heat treatment.

Regards,
--
Gordon Scott          Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk   Compuserve
100332,3310
                      Gordon@multitone.co.uk
Basingstoke Beekeeper Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk

<EOF>                    -30-


From bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca Sun May 14 01:25:04 EDT 1995
Article: 1754 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!spool.mu.edu!agate!news.mindlink.net!line33.nwm.mindlink.net!user
From: bill_fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca (bill fernihough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Permandent vs Pure Beeswax Foundation
Date: 9 May 1995 04:18:59 GMT
Organization: none
Lines: 29
Message-ID: <bill_fernihough-0805952025010001@line33.nwm.mindlink.net>
References: <cronshaw-0405951403520001@port20.rain.org> <3olar6$eu2@news.sandia.gov>
NNTP-Posting-Host: line33.nwm.mindlink.net
X-Newsreader: Value-Added NewsWatcher 2.0b14.2+

In article <3olar6$eu2@news.sandia.gov>, "Victor C. Rimkus"
<vcrimku@sandia.gov> wrote:

> > What is the general consensus on Plastic foundation (i.e. Permadent) vs
> > Pure Beeswax foundation?
> > The ease of snapping plastic foundation is much greater than wiring,
> > eyelets and embedding pure beeswax.  
> > What are the pros and cons of plastic foundation?
> 
> Paul,
> 
> This is my third year using permadent foundation and I prefer it over
> all other types. I have not had any problems with the bees not accepting
> it. I have had problems with wax foundation sagging and being chewed
> down. I have had problems with Duragilt sagging and rusting on the
> metal edges. I am in the process of replacing all other types of
> foundation with permadent. This process will take a few years but
> it is so nice to have solid comb that does not sag or flop out of
> the frame while doing inspections. I like it, and I think it enhances
> the neatness of the hives which should make happier bees. As for
> extracting, I haven't found anything easier to work with. I live in
> a hot/dry climate and our honey is thick. Plain wax foundation breaks
> before half of the honey can be extracted.
> 
> My question is:
> Can old permadent be cleaned up and reused?
I also have become a convert for plastic foundation, even though I am an
amateur of 10 years experience.  This is the first year I went into it in
a big way and find even the queen likes it.  Keep going.


From moroney@world.std.com Sun May 14 01:25:05 EDT 1995
Article: 1755 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!world!moroney
From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: Introducing New Queens
Message-ID: <fxPhlaE96lG2079yn@world.std.com>
Sender: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
References: <D87tut.DGG@nntpa.cb.att.com>
Distribution: usa
Date: Mon, 8 May 1995 04:32:41 GMT
Lines: 22

In article <D87tut.DGG@nntpa.cb.att.com>,
mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.) wrote:
> Three days after I put the frame in, my queens arrived
> so I took out the frame with cells and put that into an 
> observation hive.  I added another frame of brood from a strong
> hive and the new queen into this queenless hive. (in her cage.)April 26, 1995
> I open the hive May 6 and see that they have rejected her
> and have built some additional queen cells.
> Did I do something wrong or is this just normal?

Did you introduce her in her cage or just set her loose?  Regardless, I think
they sometimes reject queens for no apparent (to humans) reason.

> Also have another new hive where I can find the queen
> but she hasn't started to lay eggs yet. She has been in there
> for about ten days. However there are no queen cells.

She may be no good, not mated or something.  If she hasn't laid _any_ eggs
there can be no queen cells.  Stick in a frame of brood (with eggs), see if
they start cells.

-Mike


From bstriggo@rx.uga.edu Sun May 14 01:25:06 EDT 1995
Article: 1756 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!hobbes.cc.uga.edu!rx.uga.edu!bstriggo
From: bstriggo@rx.uga.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: disease in old hive boxes
Date: Thu, 11 May 1995 02:26:40 GMT
Organization: University of Georgia
Lines: 11
Message-ID: <bstriggo.15.2FB175E0@rx.uga.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: sleepy.rx.uga.edu

	I had worked my way up to four hives on my small city lot, but this 
was too much for my available attention.  Through my inattention and possibly
other factors, I lost my last two hives this winter.  I miss the little 
fellas though, and want to order a package soon.  My question:  What should
be done to treat the old hive boxes before putting new bees in?  I know that 
one of the hives has had wax moths.
	Semi-related:  I've heard that A.I. Root is no longer with us.  
Where do y'all get supplies?

TNX
BCS


From cronshaw@rain.org Sun May 14 01:25:07 EDT 1995
Article: 1757 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!udel!news.mathworks.com!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.sprintlink.net!news.rain.org!port51.rain.org!user
From: cronshaw@rain.org (Paul Cronshaw D.C.)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Permandent vs Pure Beeswax Foundation
Date: Wed, 10 May 1995 21:51:46 -0800
Organization: RAIN Public Access Internet (805) 967-RAIN
Lines: 43
Message-ID: <cronshaw-1005952151460001@port51.rain.org>
References: <cronshaw-0405951403520001@port20.rain.org> <ringetringetame.66.00133F31@mind.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: port51.rain.org

In article <ringetringetame.66.00133F31@mind.net>,
ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget) wrote:

> In article <cronshaw-0405951403520001@port20.rain.org> cronshaw@rain.org
(Paul Cronshaw D.C.) writes:
> >From: cronshaw@rain.org (Paul Cronshaw D.C.)
> >Subject: Permandent vs Pure Beeswax Foundation
> >Date: Thu, 04 May 1995 14:03:52 -0800
> 
> >Since I cannot seem to find the BEE-list these days, I am posting this
> >message on this Newsgroup.
> 
> >What is the general consensus on Plastic foundation (i.e. Permadent) vs
> >Pure Beeswax foundation?
> 
> >The ease of snapping plastic foundation is much greater than wiring,
> >eyelets and embedding pure beeswax.  
> 
> >What are the pros and cons of plastic foundation?
> 
> >-- 
> >Paul Cronshaw DC
> >Cyberspace Chiropractor
> >Helping the Infrastructure of the Backbone
> >cronshaw@rain.org
> 
>  Paul, I have been told by many beekeepers that they like plastic, they go 
>  round and round in the extractor very well. However I have noticed that if 
> there is a bald spot on the comb the bees will just leave it alone. However 
> one could spray wax on the vacancys and that will fix.
> BerryBob

Berrybob,

How does one "spray beeswax" onto the plastic bald spots?

Paul

-- 
Paul Cronshaw DC
Cyberspace Chiropractor
Helping the Infrastructure of the Backbone
cronshaw@rain.org


From htho@se.bel.alcatel.be Sun May 14 01:25:08 EDT 1995
Article: 1758 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!kuroshio.ccpo.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!EU.net!Belgium.EU.net!god.bel.alcatel.be!se.bel.alcatel.be!htho
From: htho@se.bel.alcatel.be (Hugo Thone)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: My first hive (if I'm brave)
Date: 9 May 1995 15:40:07 GMT
Organization: Alcatel Bell
Lines: 22
Sender: htho@btma56 (Hugo Thone)
Distribution: world
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X-Newsreader: mxrn 6.18-10


Gordon,

First, get yourself some good books on beekeeping and read them very well.
Then look for an experienced beekeeper who's willing to give you some good 
advice.
Next, go home and try to find a nice and safe place where you can put your hive 
without bothering other people.
Go back to your office and if the swarm is still hanging their, call the above
experienced beekeeper to catch the bees for you.


		Hugo
-- 

Hugo Thone (SE121)                        email : htho@se.bel.alcatel.be
ALCATEL BELL TELEPHONE                    phone : (32) 3 240 94 52
F.Wellesplein 1                           fax   : (32) 3 240 99 50
B-2018 Antwerp


                           do bee do bee do ....


From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Sun May 14 01:25:09 EDT 1995
Article: 1759 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!uwvax!uchinews!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Subscribing to BEE-L
Message-ID: <D8D047.69D@cuug.ab.ca>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
References: <cronshaw-0405951403520001@port20.rain.org> <ringetringetame.66.00133F31@mind.net>
Date: Wed, 10 May 1995 10:56:51 GMT
Lines: 19

: >Since I cannot seem to find the BEE-list these days, I am posting this
: >message on this Newsgroup.

For those who wish to enjoy bee-l, the bee mailing list, just send email 
to LISTSERV@uacsc2.albany.edu with no subject and the message 

SUBSCRIBE BEE-L YOUR NAME

Where 'YOUR NAME' is your own name.

Be prepared to relpy to a message from the LISTSERV within a few hours at 
most -- and then you will start to receive mail from the list.

Allen
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                        VE6CFK 
Rural Route One   Swalwell   Alberta   Canada  T0M 1Y0 
Email:   dicka@cuug.ab.ca    or   allend@internode.net
Futures, Art & Honey:http://www.cuug.ab.ca:8001/~dicka 


From collmans@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu Sun May 14 01:25:10 EDT 1995
Article: 1760 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!reuter.cse.ogi.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!serval.net.wsu.edu!coopext.cahe.wsu.edu!collmans
From: "Sharon J. Collman" <collmans@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu>
Subject: Re: What's this bumblebee? 
Sender: news@serval.net.wsu.edu (News)
Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.91.950510222455.8094E-100000@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu>
In-Reply-To: <paulp.1.0010B81F@ims.com> 
Date: Thu, 11 May 1995 05:38:10 GMT
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I can't identify the bee more than suggesting that is likely a bumble bee.
But then you knew that.  

Bumble bees are generally fairly docile and reluctant to sting.  I've had 
one or two volunteers who would remove the bumblebee nests and place them 
in a nest box in another location.  They closed it up with some honey and 
water for a day till they got used to their new home, then let the bees out. 

In my own garden, I consider it a very natural cycle to have chickadees one 
year, and bumble bees in the nest the next.  It is quite wonderful.  At 
the end of the bee year, I clean the birdhouse and it starts all over 
again.   If the neighbor can tolerated the expense, I'd add another nest 
box this year and leave the bees alone.  Then at the end of the year 
clean out the bee box, but not the bird box.  If you can get the cycles 
to alternate you can have the best of both worlds.

For Bumblebee info, get Bumblebee Economics by Bernd Heinrich. Harvard 
University Press.  1979.  ISBN:0-674-08580-9 cloth; 0-674-08581-7 paper.

There is also a Bombus (Bumblebee) mail list

to send a message to the list send to

	bombus@csi.uottawa.ca which is maintained by Chris Plowright

to subscribe send a message to bombus-request@csi.uottawa.ca
using the usual subscribe bombus yourfirstname yourlastname  


Good luck.



















On Wed, 3 May 1995, Paul Petty wrote:

> A neighbor (near Portland OR) has a small birdhouse which is occupied by some 
> bumblebees.  Their most distinct markings are whitish spots on the thorax and 
> a bright reddish brown abdomen.  The abdomen color is mostly solid towards the 
> front with black and brown stripes at the end, similar to a honeybees yellow 
> and black color.  On the back of the thorax are a couple of  white or 
> yellowish white spots.  The rest of the bee is dark colored.  It is also quite 
> fuzzy looking.  Their size seemed to vary a lot.  The smallest ones were 
> slightly larger than a honeybee drone with the largest ones about twice that 
> size.  When I saw them they were flying in with pollen loads on their legs.  
> They seemed fairly gentle.
> 
> The neighbor would like his birdhouse without the bees.  I would like to find 
> out what they are before deciding what to do with them.  Any ideas?
> 
> Thanks
> 
> 

Sharon J. Collman
c/o Center For Urban Horticulture
University of Washington  GF-15
Seattle, WA  98195

Phone:  206-543-8616 
Fax:    206-685-2692
EMail:  collmans@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu

NOTE NEW ADDRESS



From laser26@wwa.com Sun May 14 01:25:10 EDT 1995
Article: 1761 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!news.wwa.com!news
From: laser26@wwa.com (Justin)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: disease in old hive boxes
Date: 11 May 1995 22:50:11 GMT
Organization: WorldWide Access - Chicagoland Internet Services
Lines: 25
Message-ID: <3ou4b3$frs@news.wwa.com>
References: <bstriggo.15.2FB175E0@rx.uga.edu>
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X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.92.6

In article <bstriggo.15.2FB175E0@rx.uga.edu>, bstriggo@rx.uga.edu says:
>
>        I had worked my way up to four hives on my small city lot, but this 
>was too much for my available attention.  Through my inattention and possibly
>other factors, I lost my last two hives this winter.  I miss the little 
>fellas though, and want to order a package soon.  My question:  What should
>be done to treat the old hive boxes before putting new bees in?  I know that 
>one of the hives has had wax moths.
>        Semi-related:  I've heard that A.I. Root is no longer with us.  
>Where do y'all get supplies?
>
It's been quite a few years since I've kept bees, but as I recall the 
recommended procedure was to use a propane torch to scorch all inside surfaces
of the hive. There may be a more up-to-date procedure, though.

I'm just now getting interested again, since my nephews are getting old enough
to enjoy this great hobby and my brother is relocating to our family farm in
Galena, Illinois. Here's my chance to enjoy without the work! :)


                  www
                 (o o)
--------------ooO-(_)-Ooo--------------------------------------------------
  Justin Mack             laser26@wwa.com
         Downers Grove/Chicago


From secure1@use.usit.net Sun May 14 01:25:11 EDT 1995
Article: 1762 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!usit.net!usenet
From: secure1@use.usit.net ()
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: teaching kids about bees
Date: Wed, 10 May 1995 02:37:14 GMT
Organization: United States Internet, Inc.
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NNTP-Posting-Host: secure1.ppp.usit.net
X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent v0.46

I am an instructor at a local childrens' museum. I do programs at area
schools on astonomy using a piece of equipment called Starlab. I am
working on a program using the Starlab dome to represent a skep type
hive and putting the kids "  inside " of  a bee hive. What do you
think of my idea?




From 102077.2674@CompuServe.COM Sun May 14 01:25:13 EDT 1995
Article: 1763 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!in1.uu.net!news.inhouse.compuserve.com!news.production.compuserve.com!news
From: Bob Rosebrough <102077.2674@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee Tree/Chinese Bee Tree
Date: 9 May 1995 00:27:57 GMT
Organization: Novice
Lines: 9
Message-ID: <3omcud$oc9$1@mhafc.production.compuserve.com>

A beekeeper friend in Europe is having difficulty locating seeds 
for a Bee Tree (tetradium danieli). He sent an order to James 
Fodor company based on an old magazine ad but has received no 
response.  Any suggestions would be appreciated.

Regards--Bob

-- 
Bob in the Twin Cities


From ringetringetame@mind.net Sun May 14 01:25:14 EDT 1995
Article: 1764 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!Germany.EU.net!EU.net!news.sprintlink.net!psgrain!rainrgnews0!ip12.mind.net!ringetringetame
From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Permandent vs Pure Beeswax Foundation
Date: Tue, 9 May 1995 19:14:40
Organization: InfoStructure
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References: <cronshaw-0405951403520001@port20.rain.org>
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X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

In article <cronshaw-0405951403520001@port20.rain.org> cronshaw@rain.org (Paul Cronshaw D.C.) writes:
>From: cronshaw@rain.org (Paul Cronshaw D.C.)
>Subject: Permandent vs Pure Beeswax Foundation
>Date: Thu, 04 May 1995 14:03:52 -0800

>Since I cannot seem to find the BEE-list these days, I am posting this
>message on this Newsgroup.

>What is the general consensus on Plastic foundation (i.e. Permadent) vs
>Pure Beeswax foundation?

>The ease of snapping plastic foundation is much greater than wiring,
>eyelets and embedding pure beeswax.  

>What are the pros and cons of plastic foundation?

>-- 
>Paul Cronshaw DC
>Cyberspace Chiropractor
>Helping the Infrastructure of the Backbone
>cronshaw@rain.org

 Paul, I have been told by many beekeepers that they like plastic, they go 
 round and round in the extractor very well. However I have noticed that if 
there is a bald spot on the comb the bees will just leave it alone. However 
one could spray wax on the vacancys and that will fix.
BerryBob



From collmans@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu Sun May 14 01:25:15 EDT 1995
Article: 1765 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!reuter.cse.ogi.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!serval.net.wsu.edu!coopext.cahe.wsu.edu!collmans
From: "Sharon J. Collman" <collmans@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu>
Subject: Re: New Hives - Just Starting 
Sender: news@serval.net.wsu.edu (News)
Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.91.950510215604.8094A-100000@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu>
In-Reply-To: <jimply.7.00136304@nr.infi.net> 
Date: Thu, 11 May 1995 04:59:33 GMT
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On Wed, 3 May 1995, Jim wrote:

> I am interested in learning more about bee keeping and possibly starting out.  
> What would you suggest I read and what supplies should I puruse to begin.

Many Cooperative Extension offices throughout the country have 
publications on Beekeeping, and many also keep information on local 
beekeeping organizations.  The Cooperative Extension System is the 
federal name for what was the Agriculturals Extension Service, Extension 
Service, cooperative Extension, Cooperative Extension Service.   4-H 
and the Master Gardener Programs are also CES programs.  Look in your 
county listings, or sometimes state listings, for any or all of the 
above.  (Makes it very difficult to "market" this terrific resource.)

Good luck.

> 
> A friend of mine who has been keeping bees for 5 years has helped me some 
> already.
> 
> Please E-mail your responses to me.
> 
> 

Sharon J. Collman
c/o Center For Urban Horticulture
University of Washington  GF-15
Seattle, WA  98195

Phone:  206-543-8616 
Fax:    206-685-2692
EMail:  collmans@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu

NOTE NEW ADDRESS



From collmans@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu Sun May 14 01:25:15 EDT 1995
Article: 1766 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: "Sharon J. Collman" <collmans@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu>
Subject: Re: stings 
Sender: news@serval.net.wsu.edu (News)
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Regarding bee sting pain:

I have a Master Gardener from another country who kept piping up that for 
bee stings ammonia was the solution.  And if you were in the field, you 
carry your own personal supply.  I was quite reluctant to swallow this.

However, the inevitable happened, I was stung.  It hurt like H...for 
about an hour.  Finally, I decided to test the theory like a good 
scientist; an easy feat since I was stung on the finger.  The pain eased 
immediately, not the swelling or redness, just the pain.

About 3 hours later the pain returned.  Another "application" and the 
pain subsided.  Had I crossed the twilight zone?  Is the mind a willing 
partner in this?  This is not a scientific test.  But it is a remedy, I'm 
willing to gather extra data on next time I'm stung.  (Hopefully not on 
my shoulder.)

Meat tenderizer is also supposed to work to reduce the affects of the toxin.

Finally, scraping the stinger with a fingernail, between skin and poison 
sac, so as not to squeeze more poison into the wound.  Yellowjackets 
don't have barbed stingers so don't usually leave poison sacs and 
stinger, but I suppose that a tensed muscle could pinch it enough to pull 
it free of the wasp.

Pay close attention within 15 minutes of the sting event for any signs of 
an affect not attached to the site of the sting.  As I understand it, the 
a serious swelling that radiates out from the sting is a serious reaction.

A reaction separate from the sting, (ie stung on finger, eye swells) is 
an allergic reaction.  Any sign of tightess of the chest, esophagous, 
difficulty breathing, should be taken seriously and to immediate medical 
help.  

Contact an allergist if you think you are allegic to bees.  The 
test includes several venoms from the several kinds of stinging insects 
as I understand it.  I obtained this information from a reputable 
allergist but would recommend that you contact your own for correct 
information for your area as I have no medical training, just a long 
interest in providing information.










On Sat, 6 May 1995, Robert Inget wrote:

> In article <173919B91S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu> SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) writes:
> >From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
> >Subject: Re: stings
> >Date: Mon, 01 May 95 11:03:41 EDT
> 
> >In article <3nsh56$5a1@holly.cc.uleth.ca>
> >hunchak@upanet.uleth.ca (Cindy Hunchak) writes:
> > 
> >>
> >>Does anyone know a good remedy for stopping the pain after a beesting....
> > 
> >Time.
> 
>  Yes and get the stinger out by scraping skin with sharp knife. Honey works 
> for some. Try hitting your big toe with a hammer, you will forget about a 
> little sting.
> BerryBob
> 
> 

Sharon J. Collman
c/o Center For Urban Horticulture
University of Washington  GF-15
Seattle, WA  98195

Phone:  206-543-8616 
Fax:    206-685-2692
EMail:  collmans@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu

NOTE NEW ADDRESS



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun May 14 01:25:17 EDT 1995
Article: 1767 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Mites in Africa
Date: Thu, 11 May 1995 05:33:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950511051455261@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
References: <3oobt7$fch@isis.interpac.net>
Lines: 54        


BSJ<>From: Bob St. John>stjohn@interpac.net
 <>I have been wondering if the mites have crossed into Africa.
 Cosidering what they did to the feral bee populations of Europe
 and North America, They would have an even more devastating effect
 on Africa.

 <>In Ethiopia the wild bees are more significant to the general population
  than in Europe and NA. I have been leaving this question on various
  newsgroups and I assume from the lack of response that the question is
  not being addressed.

Or just maybe they are not having a problem, after all they have about
3,500 more year's beekeeping experience they most of us. In any case
the people that may be in the know could be the group from Cornel whom
I believe have had a mission there for many years, don't know if any of
them lived to tell the story or not, or join the common folk in any
internet posting's.

 <>If anyone has any data about this please let me know.

  Wanted to post to you anyway, Bob, as I thought of you not too long
ago after reviewing some BS (bee science tapes) that had some mention
of DNA. Not the kind you might smoke, the kind that may tell you if
your daddy was really the milkman like mom alway's said or was your dad.

  It seem's the USDA has been looking at the so-called feral rock bee's
in Arizona,(Which came first the chicken or the egg?), and found that
they still had the remnants of Egyptian Bee's which is OK because
they did not come from Southern Africa, not to be confused with the
Cape Bee's of South Africa, which are a greater threat then the
Afrikaner Bee's because the worker's are sexy enough to lay egg's
in the absence of a queen making it near impossible to introduce a
new queen. So it is said. so it must be.

  Anyway it reminded me of the Cyprian Bee and I thought that maybe
your dad was once a breeder of in California in the late 40's. I
also remembered that the Cyprian's when first introduced in California
along with a lot of other types from around the world and were reported
by Benton to be so fierce that no one would tolerate them, even more so
then the dreaded Afrikaner bee of today. These bee's, the Cyprian's it
was written in the old text's were thought to be the daughters of the
Egyptian Bee.

   Maybe your Dad left some DNA fingerprints in the feral cave bee's
of Arizona by way of selling queen's to some of the old time
beekeeper's in that area.

  What I remember as Cyprian's were a large dark italian type
bee with white band's. At least the one's I once saw in exhibition at
the State Fair many, many season's ago, that caught my eye as a child
and I think they had a Mark St. John brand on them.

                             ttul Andy-


From CLAY@PRISM.CLEMSON.EDU Sun May 14 01:25:17 EDT 1995
Article: 1768 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!hubcap.clemson.edu!usenet
From: CLAY@PRISM.CLEMSON.EDU (CAMILLIUS  LAY      19870601)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping information in SC
Date: 12 May 1995 12:23:04 GMT
Organization: CLEMSON UNIVERSITY
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David MacFawn posted a question about honey and beekeeping in SC
but unfortunately his address appears to be no good.  With apologies 
for the use of bandwidth, Dave should call Mike Hood with Clemson
University's Dept. of Plant Industries at (803) 656-3106 or e-mail
him at MHOOD@CLEMSON.EDU.
Regards,
C 


From juarez Sun May 14 01:25:18 EDT 1995
Article: 1769 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Juarez_Carlos <juarez>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey
Date: 12 May 1995 14:17:32 GMT
Organization: Eastman Chemical Company
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no way we have nothing



From anthony@iet.hist.no Sun May 14 01:25:19 EDT 1995
Article: 1770 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: anthony@iet.hist.no (ANTHONY MORGAN)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: VARROA ala natural
Date: Fri, 12 May 1995 13:03:50 GMT
Organization: Sor-Trondelag College, Norway
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>From: Gordon Scott  via Andy Nachbaur
>Subject: VARROA ala natural
>Date: Wed, 10 May 1995 00:51:00 GMT

Greetings fellow beekeepers everywhere!

I am located in mid-Norway not far from Trondheim, latitude
63-26 North (look it up on a map!).
Varroa is now widespread in southern Norway (endemic would be
too strong a term yet) but has yet not spread to mid-Norway
because of:-
a) restrictions on movement and sale of bees and used hive material etc.
and
b) the convenient existence of a mountainous area to the south of us.

I am interested in other's experiences with "natural" methods of
combating varroa and any recommendations/tips. We are barred from
using "non-natural" insecticides etc by virtue of the norwegian law.
The more complicated 'mechanical' methods appear to involve too
much work and disturbance to the colony and the 'soft' chemical
methods do not seem suitable either for the reasons that follow:-

We are lucky enough to have two honey seasons, one for so-called
summer-honey based on wild raspberries followed imediately by one
for heather honey that finishes at the beginning/middle of September.
Due to the problems with overwintering with heather honey we take
the full honey quantity and feed the colonies on sugar syrup. This
is, in fact, economically advantageous as honey is worth about seven
times the cost of sugar per kilogram! However, this means the most
suitable time for treatment with formic acid or lactic acid is when the
temperature is dropping rapidly day by day such that we sometimes
have difficulty feeding the colonies.

>   1) Drone Trapping.
>    Divide a frame into three sections, fit  a  starter  strip  of
>    foundation  and place this near the outside of the brood nest.
>    The bees will (probably :-) draw drone comb on this (which  is
>    what  we  want).  Varroa prefer to lay in drone comb so we can
>    cut these sections out in rotation (one per  week)  whilst  we
>    find  a  significant  infestation.  Makes a significant energy
>    loss for the colony as they put a lot of work into the  drones
>    we kill.

It is interesting to note that many of us here use the three section
empty frame as a 'swarming barometer'. (without any starter strip
of foundation normally) This has been a known technique for many
years (e.g. Handbook of Beekeeping, R. Lunder, 3rd. ed. 1980).
Lunder says (translation):-
"Use of the building frame is recommended in apiaries where one
does not systematically use more radical methods for restricting
swarming. It takes some work to shift the super and take out the frame
on a weekly basis but on the other hand it takes significantly more
work to check the whole brood chamber for swarm cells. And as
described earlier; the building frame tends to damp down the
tendency to swarm to some extent." (as wax production is ongoing,
the queen is provided continously with extra egg-laying space and
the larva, if present, absorb some of the colonies food production)

Cheers
Tony Morgan
anthony@hist.iet.no
 


From ids.net Sun May 14 01:25:21 EDT 1995
Article: 1771 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: "johnwater@IDS.NET" <ids.net>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping Suits
Date: 13 May 1995 01:04:19 GMT
Organization: IDS World Network Internet Access Service, (800)IDS-1680
Lines: 1
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I own a one piece suit supplied from Dadant which has the veil and hat ATTACHED.  They've discontinued this model and only have the silly suits for which you have to buy the football helmet and veil.  Does anyone know where I can buy the good old-fashioned one piece model?	


From bstriggo@rx.uga.edu Sun May 14 01:25:22 EDT 1995
Article: 1772 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bstriggo@rx.uga.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: re: beekeeping suits
Date: Sat, 13 May 1995 03:16:11 GMT
Organization: University of Georgia
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NNTP-Posting-Host: dopey.rx.uga.edu

I've been using a one-piece Tyvek asbestos removal suit.  These suits have a 
built in hood and plastic face shield.  The plastic can be cut out and 
replaced with window screen by using duct tape to tape the screen in the 
opening.  These suits are intended to be single use but with a little care 
they can last for years.  They're also handy if friends want to watch.  The 
last I bought were around $10 fm Direct Safety


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun May 14 01:25:23 EDT 1995
Article: 1773 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: The Frugal Beekeeper
Date: Fri, 12 May 1995 14:20:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950512080027269@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 16        


                    ----------------------------------------
From: John Carver <Scarver@AOL.COM>
Date:         Fri, 12 May 1995 01:25:52 -0400
Subject:      Re: The Frugal Beekeeper

We have used the menthol cough drops for 3 years.  (also grease
patties).  The menthol had to be applied while the weather was
still warm after the honey was harvested.  The bees ate the
cough drops.  Some brands of cough drops contain stronger doses
of menthol than others, so it pays to read the label.

Our bees succumbed to the varroa mite, however, this last winter.

Sue Carver
Richland, WA


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Sun May 14 01:25:24 EDT 1995
Article: 1774 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: disease in old hive boxes
Date: 13 May 1995 03:54:18 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 18
Message-ID: <3p1aha$t2h@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
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NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <3ou4b3$frs@news.wwa.com>, Justin <laser26@wwa.com> wrote:
>>
>It's been quite a few years since I've kept bees, but as I recall the 
>recommended procedure was to use a propane torch to scorch all inside surfaces
>of the hive. There may be a more up-to-date procedure, though.

 This is a great procedure, but for AFB. (American Foulbrood)

Wax moths are a secondary pest, that is, they don't kill bees. Seeing them
in dead hives is okay. Unless you know you have brood disease, I wouldn't
go through the trouble of scorching the boxes.
Start out on foundation, see what happens.

Adam
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From spb@ntrs.com Sun May 14 01:25:25 EDT 1995
Article: 1775 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: spb@ntrs.com (Steve Bonine)
Newsgroups: news.announce.newgroups,news.groups,sci.agriculture.beekeeping,sci.bio,sci.bio.ecology,sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera,sci.bio.ethology
Subject: RESULT: sci.bio.entomology.misc passes 342:14
Supersedes: <sci.bio.entomology.misc-CFV2@uunet.uu.net>
Followup-To: news.groups
Date: 12 May 1995 16:35:36 -0400
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu news.announce.newgroups:5975 news.groups:123965 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1775 sci.bio:23486 sci.bio.ecology:11925 sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera:1166 sci.bio.ethology:1964

                                RESULT
           unmoderated group sci.bio.entomology.misc passes 342:14

There were 342 YES votes and 14 NO votes, for a total of 356 valid votes.
There were 5 abstains and 7 invalid ballots.

For group passage, YES votes must be at least 2/3 of all valid (YES and NO)
votes.   There also must be at least 100 more YES votes than NO votes.

There is a five day discussion period after these results are posted.  If no
serious allegations of voting irregularities are raised, the moderator of
news.announce.newgroups will create the group shortly thereafter.

Newsgroups line:
sci.bio.entomology.misc General entomology and related issues.

Voting closed at 23:59:59 UTC, 10 May 1995.

This vote was conducted by a neutral third party.  For voting questions
only contact Steve Bonine <spb@ntrs.com>.  For questions about the proposed
group contact Maarten van Helden <maarten.vanhelden@medew.ento.wau.nl>.

Co-proposers:
        Yvan Rahbe <rahbe@jouy.inra.fr>
        Lou Bjostad <lbjostad@lamar.ColoState.EDU>
        Rod Crawford <puffinus@carson.u.washington.edu>
        Peter Rauch <peterr@violet.berkeley.edu>
        Christopher Majka <Nextug@ac.dal.ca>
Mentor: Ed Bailey <bailey@hagar.ph.utexas.edu>

CHARTER

Discussion, news, and queries concerning the study of insects and other
(non-marine) arthropods not covered in more specialised newsgroups.
The newsgroup is meant to cover a wide variety of entomological topics,
including postings about arachnology, myriapodology and other studies
with affinities to entomology.

Sci.bio.entomology.misc is *NOT* intended as a forum for the buying
and selling of insect specimens nor for the advertising of commercial
products and services. However, it is permissible to use the newsgroup
to post brief comments with pointers to addresses where readers can
obtain information about such products. All participants are expected
to respect the environment and the law. Efforts to encourage trespassing
or to subvert conservation laws are *NOT* welcome on this newsgroup.

Communication will be welcomed from all those interested in entomology,
including serious amateurs as well as professionals and students, since
these groups have much to contribute to one another and are in need of
better communication channels.  We hope that through interest and
involvement by participants, documents of Frequently Asked Questions
(FAQs) will in time be developed on many topics of interest to
participants and the general public.

Though intended mainly for communication among entomologists, some
queries from the general public are to be expected; those which can
be answered will be answered politely.

sci.bio.entomology.misc Final Vote Ack

Voted Yes
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
76121.1765@compuserve.com                                D. Buckle or S. North
@Vines2.WAU.NL:Marieta=Braks%Medew@ENTO.WAU                      marieta braks
a348rhansen@attmail.com                                        Richard  Hansen
aa984@cfn.cs.dal.ca                                              Sheilagh Hunt
ABROCE@oz.oznet.ksu.edu                                          ALBERTO BROCE
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu                                         Adam Finkelstein
Adriaan.Vermunt@medew.ento.wau.nl                              adriaan vermunt
ae779@lafn.org                                              Pierre A Plauzoles
af694@rgfn.epcc.Edu                                          William D. Sumlin
afn05345@freenet.ufl.edu                                         G. B. Edwards
AGROBRH@MIZZOU1.missouri.edu                                  Bruce E. Hibbard
ahensley@acpub.duke.edu                                          Adele Hensley
akagdis@cts.com                                                    Alex Kagdis
Allen.Barlow@rbp.co.uk                                           Barlow, Allen
altenbur@plains.nodak.edu                                       Karl Altenburg
amuccinelli@alfredo.dsnet.it                             Alessandra Muccinelli
andradml@sce.com
AndrasS@apb.agric.wa.gov.au                         Szito, Andras (Entomology)
anorton@nature.Berkeley.EDU                                      Andrew Norton
ARG5876@ACS.TAMU.EDU
ArthroStud@aol.com
aspires@systema.westark.edu                                       Alyce Spires
auger@orleans.inra.fr                                   ## Marie-Anne Auger ##
augustin@orleans.inra.fr                                       Sylvie Augustin
B.Ahmed@forprod.csiro.au                                          Berhan Ahmed
baumeisn@ava.BCC.ORST.EDU                                     Nancy Baumeister
be404@yfn.ysu.edu                                              Adalbert Goertz
Beary@UNO.CC.GENESEO.EDU                                          Edward Beary
beekman@bio.uva.nl                                           madeleine beekman
bela.nagy@onlinesys.com                                              BELA NAGY
bhdietz@cat.cce.usp.br                                        Bodo Hasso Dietz
bishopdo@student.msu.edu                                          Bryan Bishop
bjv@herbison.com                                                 B.J. Herbison
blake@postoffice.utas.edu.au                             Gregory Michael Blake
blkorbe@gw.PacBell.COM                                          Brian Korbelik
bmw@uclink2.berkeley.edu                              Benjamin Martin Waggoner
BOAKE@UTKVX.UTCC.UTK.EDU                                           Chris Boake
bradh@rom.on.ca                                                    Brad Hubley
BROTHERS@gate2.cc.unp.ac.za                                     Denis Brothers
bsumlin@tenet.edu                                             Barbara A Sumlin
bvholder@innet.be                                               Bart Vanholder
C.R.Allen@reading.ac.uk                                     Catherine R. Allen
cag8850@usl.edu                                                  Guffey Cary A
cah13@cornell.edu                                             Cheryl Ann Heinz
caillaud@rennes.inra.fr
caprio@ra.msstate.edu                                              Mike Caprio
carabid@csd.uwm.edu                                                Gary Noonan
cashatt@museum.state.il.us                                  Everett D. Cashatt
cbreid@galaxy.ucr.edu                                    caralisa breidenbaugh
ccfj@hippo.ru.ac.za                                        F. Jacot Guillarmod
cesarap@aol.com                                                        CesarAP
cfox@marine.geol.scarolina.edu                            Chuck Fox (777-8241)
CLAYTON_J@usp.ac.fj                                               John Clayton
colinc@cix.compulink.co.uk                                     Colin Cracknell
collmans@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu                                Sharon J. Collman
Connie.Doodeman@medew.ento.wau.nl                              connie doodeman
csclar@lamar.ColoState.EDU                                      D. Casey Sclar
cwitham@wheel.dcn.davis.ca.us                                     Carol Witham
cynipoid@tripnet.se                                          Michael Soderlund
D.Ewart@forprod.csiro.au                                             Don Ewart
D.Heald@unsw.edu.au                                               Daniel Heald
dalex@eskimo.com                                                Dave Alexander
dan.r@ix.netcom.com                                             Dan Rothschild
davidh@ctpm.uq.oz.au                                              David Holdom
dbammc0@ps.uib.es                                         Miguel Angel Miranda
dbarry@umce.umext.maine.edu                                          Don Barry
dbt@unlinfo.unl.edu                                               David Taylor
dcf@uevora.pt                                                 Diogo Figueiredo
delobel@jouy.inra.fr                                           Bernard Delobel
delplanq@orleans.inra.fr                   =?iso-8859-1?Q?Andr=E9?= Delplanque
desertdog@asu.edu
dfrey@cymbal.aix.calpoly.edu                                       Dennis Frey
Dhsmall@aol.com
Dick.Diederik@medew.ento.wau.nl                                  dick diederik
dinglis@uoguelph.ca                                             David W Inglis
dkohls@csn.net                                                     David Kohls
dmcleod@julian.uwo.ca                                             Glenn McLeod
doog@amber.ssd.hcsc.com                                          Doug Scofield
doppenhe@nature.Berkeley.EDU                                Daniel Oppenheimer
doyle@tiac.net                                                      Sean Doyle
drgonzo@anduin.ocf.llnl.gov                                   Peter D Norquist
drysula@panix.com                                                 Dusan Rysula
DSNITGEN@pclab.acs.nmu.edu                                   DONALD A. SNITGEN
dsquared@ix.netcom.com                                            Zenat Vakili
dstone@ncsa.uiuc.edu
dvoegtli@uiuc.edu                                               David Voegtlin
dyanega@denr1.igis.uiuc.edu                                        Doug Yanega
e0f2lzk2@credit.erin.utoronto.ca                               CAMPBELL ROBERT
eason@ucrac1.ucr.edu                                                Jane Eason
ECYANG@rsbs-central.anu.edu.au                                   EN-CHANG YANG
Eddy.Dijkstra@medew.ento.wau.nl                                  eddy dijkstra
EDRN@dlep1.itg.ti.com                                                 Lynnette
efleish@scs.unr.edu                                            Erica Fleishman
eggers@shuttle.up.ac.za                                            Rudi Eggers
egrchryso@tamu.edu                                             Edward G. Riley
ELANDREE@KENTVM.KENT.EDU                                                  Earl
entagrba@vm.csata.it                       IST. ENTOMOLOGIA AGRARIA UNIV. BARI
Entomo@aol.com
erice@nature.Berkeley.EDU                                       Eric Engelhard
es070@eng.warwick.ac.uk
esa041@ed.sac.ac.uk                               DR ANDY EVANS, SAC EDINBURGH
et038433@student.uq.oz.au                                         Flor Ceballo
FARRELPA@topaz.cqu.edu.au    THE MOON IS FULL AND THE SILVERWOLF IS HOWLING...
febvay@jouy.inra.fr                                              Gerard Febvay
Fermin@PINAR1.csic.es                                      Fermin Martin Piera
fernando@cett.alcatel-alsthom.fr                           Fernando Dos Santos
fletchm@agric.nsw.gov.au                                       Murray Fletcher
fourcass@cix.cict.fr                                        Vincent FOURCASSIE
fraenze@ibm.net                                                   Urs Fraenzel
Frans.vanAlebeek@medew.ento.wau.nl                           frans van alebeek
frans@sebb.bel.alcatel.be                                       Frans Janssens
fredh@netcom.com                                                    Fred Heath
fstephen@comp.uark.edu                                            Fred Stephen
FZBZ06A@prodigy.com                                         MR ROBERT C HEINEY
gamcclelland@peseta.ucdavis.edu                                Andy McClelland
gbowles@uoguelph.ca                                         Greville H. Bowles
gillesp@agric.nsw.gov.au                                       Peter Gillespie
GMABDELA@FRCU.EUN.EG
gpowell@ent1.ent.ncsu.edu                                        Eugene Powell
gpu.srv.ualberta.ca@bock.ucs.ualberta.ca                           Greg Pommen
grunberg@iaccess.za                                             jean gruneberg
h9290188@hkuxa.hku.hk                                              Lepi maniac
halford@sfu.ca                                                 Stephen Halford
hankb@kaiwan.com
HARVEY@INDYVAX.IUPUI.EDU                                          James Harvey
harveyi@liverpool.ac.uk                                             Ian Harvey
hastings@selway.umt.edu                                           Kim Hastings
hayala@lamar.ColoState.EDU                                      Hassan Alayedh
hcbio001@huey.csun.edu                                               mark metz
hcharles@insa.insa-lyon.fr                                      Hubert Charles
Heinrich.Arn@gw2.admin.ch                                         Heinrich Arn
herb_eichenseer@agcs.cas.psu.edu                               Herb Eichenseer
herrbach@colmar.inra.fr                                                Etienne
Herve.Jactel@pierroton.inra.fr                                    Herve JACTEL
HIX@UTKVX.UTCC.UTK.EDU                                           Raymond L Hix
HLOECHEL@fdaem.ssw.dhhs.gov                                      Hans Loechelt
hmizohat@nike.heidelberg.edu                              Hidetaka Mizohata 96
HPS3879@ACS.TAMU.EDU                                                  HENRIQUE
hslater@io.org                                                   Harold Slater
hthomas@solid.phys.ethz.ch                                  Hans-Ulrich THOMAS
i000370@disch3.disc.dla.mil                               martin j coghlan iii
INSRISG@ubvms.cc.buffalo.edu                                      Gerry Rising
irene@pondside.uchicago.edu                                       Irene Shonle
isaak@orient.aurora.com                                             Mark Isaak
iss@rci.ripco.com                                                       R.M.K.
J.French@forprod.csiro.au                                          John French
Jacqueline.Geervliet@medew.ento.wau.nl                    jacqueline geervliet
jamesl@efn.org                                                      James Lynn
jar@martigny.ai.mit.edu                                          Jonathan Rees
jaustin@u.washington.edu                                             J. Austin
jbusch@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu                             Johannes W. Busch
jcooper@infinet.com                                              Joseph Cooper
jcpires@students.wisc.edu                                       J. Chris Pires
jcsimon@rennes.inra.fr
jdalmand@news.doas.state.ga.us                                     J.D. Almand
jdtrexle@unity.ncsu.edu
jdw@nhm.ac.uk                                                    J.D.Weintraub
jean-yves.rasplus@jouy.inra.fr                               jean-yves rasplus
jeff@Belmont.COM                                                Jeff Millstein
Jeffrey_W_SHULTZ@umail.umd.edu                                           js314
jens@ngb.se                                                       Jens Weibull
jfallin@dcccd.edu                                                Janice Fallin
jford@ruacad.ac.runet.edu                                            John Ford
jgraham@sunflower.bio.indiana.edu                                   Jim Graham
jkeltner@ngdc.noaa.gov                                            John Keltner
jkillian@s850.mwc.edu                                           Joella Killian
Jocelijn.Meijerink@medew.ento.wau.nl                        jocelijn meijerink
Johan.Calis@medew.ento.wau.nl                                      johan calis
johneplr@freenet.scri.fsu.edu                                       John Epler
JOHNHERM@ucrac1.ucr.edu
JohnVS@apb.agric.wa.gov.au                         Van Schagen, John ext. 3759
jonboy@io.org                                                           Jonboy
Joop.vanLenteren@medew.ento.wau.nl                           joop van lenteren
Joop.vanLoon@medew.ento.wau.nl                                   joop van loon
joseph@cis.ohio-state.edu                                        Sudish Joseph
jraymond@epix.net                                                 John Raymond
js46@cornell.edu                                                joan spielholz
jvandyk@iastate.edu
kaiser@jouy.inra.fr                                               Laure Kaiser
Karl.Thunes@zmb.uib.no                                          Karl H. Thunes
Kees.Groenendijk@medew.ento.wau.nl                            kees groenendijk
keiichi@merle.acns.nwu.edu                                      Keiichi Nagata
kfry@gpu.srv.ualberta.ca                                        Kenneth M. Fry
killoran@ll.mit.edu                                              Mike Killoran
KOFMAN@rulrhb.LeidenUniv.nl
kruppa@chuma.cas.usf.edu                                     Anne Kruppa (GLY)
KRUSE@plantpath.wisc.edu                                           James Kruse
lachlan@dmp.csiro.au                                         Lachlan Cranswick
lambert@grumpy.chatham.edu                                        LISA LAMBERT
lapchin@antibes.inra.fr                                        Laurent Lapchin
Lawrence.Kirkendall@zoo.uib.no                             Lawrence Kirkendall
lbjostad@lamar.ColoState.EDU                                       Lou Bjostad
lds@unity.ncsu.edu                                             Dangsheng Liang
Lei.Hong@medew.ento.wau.nl                                            lei hong
lemaire@colmar.inra.fr
lisowski@seattleu.edu                                       Edward A. Lisowski
list-votes@dream.hb.north.de                                  Martin Schroeder
LJHR@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu                                       Larry of the Flies
lrodrgz@free.org                                             Luis A. Rodriguez
luke@smd.smd.sublink.org                                      Luciano Mannucci
LXP@FDACFSAN.bitnet                                               Louis Pribyl
Maarten.vanHelden@medew.ento.wau.nl                         maarten van helden
macraei@bugs.AgSci.ColoState.EDU                                    Ian MacRae
Maliboo@aol.com
mallet@tours.inra.fr                                              Serge.Mallet
mandrade@credit.erin.utoronto.ca                                  M.C. Andrade
Marcel.Dicke@medew.ento.wau.nl                                    marcel dicke
markb@galaxy.ucr.edu
Marnix.vanMeer@medew.ento.wau.nl                               marnix van meer
MARTINI@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU
maryward@midway.uchicago.edu                                     Mary Lee Ward
mat1@wpsmtp.bloomu.edu
MaxfieldD@aol.com
mazzoni@pc.unicatt.it                                         Emanuele MAZZONI
mcarroll@holly.ColoState.EDU                                   Matthew Carroll
mcglynn@Colorado.EDU                                  MC GLYNN  TERRENCE PETER
mclain@utxsvs.cc.utexas.edu                                       Brian McLain
mculotta@BBN.COM
mdouglas@netcom.com                                                   Hokh'Ton
mdubois@heartland.bradley.edu                                      Mark DuBois
Menno.Schilthuizen@medew.ento.wau.nl                        menno schilthuizen
MHARDWICK@TrentU.ca
michels@SCFF.CHINALAKE.NAVY.MIL                                  Ralph Michels
MILLERR@gate2.cc.unp.ac.za                                          Ray Miller
mjyoder@sciborg.uwaterloo.ca                                        Matt Yoder
mkeeping@pixie.udw.ac.za                                       Malcolm Keeping
MKlink@aol.com
mko@connix.com
mohammad@badlands.NoDak.edu                                   Ahmad B Mohammad
MooreK@EM.AGR.CA                                                   Keith Moore
morset@ccmail.orst.edu                                             Terry Morse
morten.starkeby@bio.uio.no                  =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Morten_St=E6rkeby?=
moss@bastille.cchem.berkeley.edu                                 David Maurice
mrh@centerline.com
mrichard@fred.fhcrc.org                                        Miriam Richards
ms@courier.cb.att.com
MYHRE@WSUVM1.CSC.WSU.EDU
ndallen@io.org                                                     Nigel Allen
NELSON@apollo.umenfa.maine.edu                                     Dawn Nelson
nextug@ac.dal.ca
nfjohnso@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu                          Norman F. Johnson
nguyenv@ecf.toronto.edu                                   NGUYEN PHUC  BAO TAN
nicoles@cariari.ucr.ac.cr                               Nicole Sabah Kissinger
nmbugman@taipan.nmsu.edu                                         David Richman
NZPEM028@SIVM.SI.EDU                                             Jaren Horsley
O.T.Lewis@bham.ac.uk                                                Owen Lewis
ODYSEUS@delphi.com
Olga.Krips@medew.ento.wau.nl                                        olga krips
OMARTI@TIFTON.BITNET                                          Orville G. Marti
P.A.Cook@lancaster.ac.uk                                           Mr P A Cook
P.Fiscian@newcastle.ac.uk                                      Prempeh.Fiscian
PAB6AWD@west-01.novell.leeds.ac.uk                             Andrew J. Davis
PACKAUSK@UConnVM.UConn.Edu                                  Richard Packauskas
Paul.Davis@bristol.ac.uk                                             P.G.Davis
paul.watson@st-annes.oxford.ac.uk                                  Paul Watson
PaulaS1296@aol.com
PEHLING@coopext.cahe.wsu.edu                                      Dave Pehling
PEREZ@FCRFV2.NCIFCRF.GOV                                                  NAME
peterr@violet.berkeley.edu                                         Peter Rauch
pf13@cornell.edu                                              Peter Fraissinet
philjs@YorkU.CA                                              Phillip Schappert
piry@versailles.inra.fr                                           Sylvain Piry
pkasa@linknet.kitsap.lib.wa.us                                       Patt Kasa
platina@reuna.cl                                                          INIA
Podemskic@nhrisv.nhrc.sk.doe.ca                                Cheryl Podemski
ptbast@owl.WPI.EDU                                                Pete Bastien
puffinus@u.washington.edu                                'Burke Zool.' C. Wood
radrayer@panix.com                                              Rebecca Drayer
ragh@ces.iisc.ernet.in
rahbe@jouy.inra.fr                                                  Yvan Rahbe
raymond.pupedis@yale.edu                                           Ray Pupedis
rbarton@kiwifruit.win-uk.net                                      Roger Barton
rehill@ix.netcom.com                                              Richard Hill
REICHART@cia.com                                                Todd Reichardt
rellis@merlin.magic.mb.ca                                            Roy Ellis
rgage@runner.jpl.utsa.edu                                     Roger Lewis Gage
rhunter@ugcs.caltech.edu                                  Inhale Vehicular Rot
rick.fagley@homebase.com                                           RICK.FAGLEY
rjames@heart.cor.epa.gov                                        Rosalind James
rob.king@nfe.com                                                      Rob King
RobE@apb.agric.wa.gov.au                               Emery, Rob (Entomology)
robert.glinwood@bbsrc.ac.uk                                           Tel 2430
ROBIN@gecko.biol.wits.ac.za                                        Robin Crewe
Roel.Potting@medew.ento.wau.nl                                    roel potting
royn@pavilion.co.uk                                                  Roy Neeve
rsanders@gate.net                                                  Ray Sanders
Ruediger.Cordts@RUBA.RZ.ruhr-uni-bochum.de
sacred@cruzio.com                                                         mark
sai@cruzio.com                                                        S.Bianco
Samuel_Sun@hmc.edu                                                  Samuel Sun
sauge@avignon.inra.fr                  Marie =?iso-8859-1?Q?H=E9l=E8ne?= Sauge
saul@mail.ucr.edu                                                 Saul Frommer
schweng@entomology.wisc.edu                                 Michelle Schwengel
SCOTTR@tui.lincoln.ac.nz                                           Scott, Eric
SDP@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
silvy@montpellier.inra.fr                                      Christine Silvy
simef@water.ca.gov                                              Fraser R. Sime
sjtaylor@nyx.cs.du.edu                                            steve taylor
SKLENEY.RONALD@ntrs.com                         Ronald J. Skleney 312.444.5515
sline@isnet.is.wfu.edu                                              Scott Line
Snyder_John/furman@furman.edu
snylin@tele.su.se                                                  Soren Nylin
Sophien.Kamoun@medew.fyto.wau.nl                                sophien kamoun
spinner@utkux1.utk.edu                                                02V40CHQ
sschulz@chemie.uni-hamburg.de                                Dr. Stefan Schulz
stephen_gaimari@qms1.life.uiuc.edu                             Stephen Gaimari
Steve@uckac.edu                                                   Steve Schutz
SUBLETTE@RTD.COM                                         Dr. James E. Sublette
swhitney@strauss.udel.edu                                      Susan P Whitney
swift@bishop.bishop.Hawaii.Org                                    Sabina Swift
swilson@rs6k.westmont.edu                                        Stuart Wilson
swschulz@parsifal.nando.net                                  S. William Schulz
tacraft@ccs.carleton.ca                         telnet accountschristina craft
tcullin@hinc.hawaii.gov                                     Thomas W. Culliney
thsiao@anolis.bnr.usu.edu                                        Ting H. Hsiao
TMATTHEW@UTKVX.UTCC.UTK.EDU                                   Terri S Matthews
tonyc@tas.for.csiro.au                                             Tony Clarke
TPEJONG@RCL.WAU.NL                                      Meindert de Jong [^_^]
trier@pilot.msu.edu                                                Terry Trier
tschn@fbkws2.forst.tu-dresden.de                              Thomas Schreiter
TSXK95F@prodigy.com                                            MR JASON A SHAW
TWF@sheffield.ac.uk                                              Roland Strube
tyoho@eagle.lhup.edu                                               Tim P. Yoho
uc779@freenet.victoria.bc.ca                                  Conrad A. Berube
ultimate@nr.infi.net
una@acpub.duke.edu                                                   Una Smith
vireo@munch.gene.com                                              David Powell
VISSCHER@ucrac1.ucr.edu                                          KIRK VISSCHER
VVBRAVER@volcani.agri.gov.il
wagner@niko.unl.edu                                             William Wagner
wajnberg@antibes.inra.fr                                         Eric Wajnberg
walker@ucrac1.ucr.edu                                              Greg Walker
Willem.JanBoot@medew.ento.wau.nl                               willem jan boot
wlgrogan@sae.ssu.umd.edu
worrell@cbl.umd.edu                                             Gerard Worrell
WOZ@gecko.biol.wits.ac.za                                      Theresa Wossler
wrbardon@gonix.gonix.com                                           Bill Bardon
wsbrown@csn.org                                                    Wendy Brown
Yvonne.Drost@medew.ento.wau.nl                                    yvonne drost
zagatti@versailles.inra.fr                                      Pierre Zagatti
zeng@rivers.oscs.montana.edu
ZSSDUNKLE@EXPRESS.CCCCD.EDU

Voted No
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
archer@frmug.fr.net                                             Vincent Archer
chrisd@rom.on.ca                                                 Chris Darling
dmosher@nyx10.cs.du.edu                                           David Mosher
jcohen@dri.cornell.edu                                     Jeffrey David Cohen
jrm@globalvillag.com                                     John R. MacWilliamson
matajame@cwis.isu.edu                                           Zeke M. Towson
mmt@redbrick.com                                          M Mike Taksar KC6ZPS
rew@nuance.com                                                    Ryan Waldron
rick@bcm.tmc.edu                                             Richard H. Miller
robsmith@u.washington.edu                                      Robert P. Smith
smarry@turing.toronto.edu                                         Smarasderagd
stainles@bga.com                                                  Dwight Brown
widenius@cc.helsinki.fi                                         Risto Widenius
willem_n_ellis@sara.nl                                         Willem N. Ellis

Abstained
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bailey@hagar.ph.utexas.edu                                           Ed Bailey
crouchkp@flidh101.delcoelect.com                              Kenneth P Crouch
otto@vaxb.acs.unt.edu                                M. 'icky icky bugs!' Otto
pmtt@iris.ufscar.br                                   Marcelo Teixeira Tavares
sjsmith@cs.UMD.EDU                                        Stephen Joseph Smith


Votes in error
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
balaji@nexus.yorku.ca                                                   Balaji
   ! No vote statement in message
CUENOUD@cjb.unige.ch
   ! No vote statement in message
eroberts@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu                              Elaine Roberts
   ! No vote statement in message
mbw6633@eenpf003.ca.boeing.com                           M. B. Wagner 237-6119
   ! No vote statement in message
MFRICANO@SCUACC.SCU.EDU
   ! No vote statement in message
omid@chemie.uni-hamburg.de                                     Timo Taghizadeh
   ! No vote statement in message
Steve.Goldstein@analog.com                                     Steve Goldstein
   ! No vote statement in message


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Sun May 14 01:25:26 EDT 1995
Article: 1776 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsfeed.pitt.edu!dsinc!netnews.upenn.edu!dolphin.upenn.edu!djt
From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: VARROA ala natural
Date: 13 May 1995 08:37:35 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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: originally in conference IN-BEE-LIST on (Wild Bee's BBS)
:                     ----------------------------------------
: From: Gordon@MULTITONE.CO.UK
: Date:         Tue, 9 May 1995 13:41:58 +0000
: Subject:      Re: VARROA

:     3) 'Soft' Chemicals.

:     Our   Association   here   (Basingstoke  UK)  have  also  been
:     experimenting with icing sugar or french chalk dusted onto the
:     bees  & combs.  The function of these is supposed to be purely
:     mechanical -- it gets onto the sticky pads on the feet of  the
:     mites,  they lose their grip and slip off.  I've looked pretty
:     closely at quite a few and I think it's true because I can see
:     eight  white  feet.  It seems likely that vigourous fanning by
:     the bees may help this happen.  We don't know if there are any
:     side  effects  --  whilst  the  materials are pretty benign in
:     themselves, the drying effects may be significant.  All  these
:     are basically contact only on the adult mites, so treatment is
:     about every four days for four treatments.

: Gordon Scott          Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk   Compuserve


How much powder do you need, and how evenly does it need to be distributed?  
When I read about these treatments a month or so ago, here in the news 
group, it occurred to me that maybe the way to go (if these work) is to 
cut an auger hole, or set thereof, in appropriate places at the tops of 
the brood chambers or perhaps the supers.  Where exactly would depend 
upon what area needs to be dusted (I don't know).  Anyway, If these holes 
were plugged with greased wooden dowels, it would be relatively easy to 
remove the dowels and insert a turkey basting type device filled with the 
powder of choice, and squeeze away.  This would obviate the need for a 
full scale manipulation if the powder could be sufficiently dispersed.  

There are some other, similar approaches but they are still dependent 
upon the answers to the following questions:

1) Do you need to dust the frames individually, or is dusting along the 
top bars sufficient?

2) If the answer to the above is that dusting the top bars is sufficient, 
do you just dust the top supers, all the supers/deeps, or just the deeps?

I am trying a variety of approaches this year and plan to analyze the 
results using contingency tables.  I'll certainly publish the results, if 
they are worthy of dissemination.

Dave   


From andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk Sun May 14 13:47:43 EDT 1995
Article: 1777 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!demon!matheson.demon.co.uk!andrew
From: "C:WINSOCKKA9QSPOOLMAIL" <andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mites in Africa
Date: 13 May 1995 20:29:19 +0100
Organization: None
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In article: <3oobt7$fch@isis.interpac.net>  Bob St. John>stjohn@interpac.net writes:

> I have been wondering if the mites have crossed into Africa. Cosidering what they 
> did to the feral bee populations of Europe and North America, They would have an 
> even more devastating effect on Africa.
> In Ethiopia the wild bees are more significant to the general population  than in 
> Europe and NA. I have been leaving this question on various newsgroups and I 
> assume from the lack of response that the question is not being addressed.
> If anyone has any data about this please let me know.

The answer depends on which mite you are talking about.

Varroa has been reported from all of the countries north of the Sahara; there is also an 
unconfirmed report from Niger.  There are no reports of it from subsaharan Africa.

The tracheal mite is probably distributed quite widely in Africa; little is know of its 
distribution but most thorough investigations have found it.

The Asian mite tropilaelaps was reported from Kenya in 1993.

This information is taken from 'World bee health report', a 37 page review covering the bee 
health status of almost every country in the world.  Published in 1993, it now comes with a free 
1995 update.  Price 4.25 pounds plus postage (x1.6 in dollars), and available from the 
International Bee Research Association (ibra@cardiff.ac.uk).

 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Andrew Matheson    E.mail andrew@matheson.demon.co.uk              *
----------------------------------------------------------------------



From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Sun May 14 13:47:44 EDT 1995
Article: 1778 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!hookup!news.Direct.CA!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Re: Glass sides on Hive Body
Message-ID: <D8F9tG.1qy@cuug.ab.ca>
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
References: <regan.46.2FAA9971@law.cua.edu> <jim2.50.00159BEE@xmission.com>
Date: Thu, 11 May 1995 16:21:30 GMT
Lines: 21

Jim Jackson (jim2@xmission.com) wrote:
: In article <regan.46.2FAA9971@law.cua.edu> regan@law.cua.edu (Rick Regan) writes:
: >From: regan@law.cua.edu (Rick Regan)
: >Subject: Glass sides on Hive Body
: >Date: Fri, 5 May 1995 21:32:33 GMT


: >Maybe this is a strange question: has anyone had experience using a hive body 
: >with one or more translucent sides (eg: one side made of glass/plastic instead 
: >of wood)?    I was thinking of using something like this, to see what is going 

Plexiglas instead of plywood for an inner cover works well for just 
looking in the top without stings. My dad used to have some of them and 
enjoyed taking the lid off without exposing the bees.

Allen
-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                        VE6CFK 
Rural Route One   Swalwell   Alberta   Canada  T0M 1Y0 
Email:   dicka@cuug.ab.ca    or   allend@internode.net
Futures, Art & Honey:http://www.cuug.ab.ca:8001/~dicka 


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Sun May 14 13:47:44 EDT 1995
Article: 1779 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.sprintlink.net!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
From: Gordon Scott <Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bees under Siding
Date: 13 May 1995 23:27:23 +0100
Organization: Demon Internet News Service
Lines: 31
Sender: news@news.demon.co.uk
Message-ID: <800401963snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
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In article <1995May4.133609.21326@cs.mun.ca>
           lez@cs.mun.ca "Leslie D. Cuff" writes:

> As I mentioned, I've got bees living in my house. I happen to like bees
> (though my wife is a little less enthusiastic) so I'd like to keep them
> alive. However, I've got to replace the siding on the house. So, I've
> got to either lure them out, or prepare to be swarmed when I start to 
> rip the siding off (I assume).
> 
> What is the best thing to do?
> 
> Can I tease them out into a hive (perhaps by putting a hive-like thingy
> over the entrance hole?)

My view -- first find a local beekeeper and chat it  over;  Please  *do*
consider  beekeeping  --  it's  a great hobby, but do get help with this
before you start.  Probably you *will* have to  remove  the  siding  and
physically  remove  the  colony.  This is ok if you know what to expect,
but could be distressing otherwise -- I'm not too much into baptisms  of
fire,  especially  where  a  basically friendly insect friend of mine is
concerned.  It's unlikely that you'll  lure  out  the  queen,  you  will
almost  certainly  have  to  get  her  the 'hard' way -- inverted commas
because the hard bit it the carpenrtry!

Good luck, hope to see you again soon on the list,
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Sun May 14 13:47:45 EDT 1995
Article: 1780 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.sprintlink.net!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
From: Gordon Scott <Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Kitchen Bees
Date: 13 May 1995 23:27:23 +0100
Organization: Demon Internet News Service
Lines: 56
Sender: news@news.demon.co.uk
Message-ID: <800400543snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
References: <Pine.OSF.3.91.950426191555.11840A-100000@paul.spu.edu>
Reply-To: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk
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In article <Pine.OSF.3.91.950426191555.11840A-100000@paul.spu.edu>
           ajmuia@paul.spu.edu "AJ Muia" writes:

> I spoke with Pat Wagner last month and she told me that she keeps a hive 
> in her kitchen.  How is this possible?  Has anyone else tried indoor 
> beekeeping?  I hope I'm not misquoting her, but I'm pretty certain she 
> did say in the kitchen.

In the kitchen is unusual but certainly feasible, but  many  people  run
'bee  houses'  where  the  hives are essentially in a shed, and the bees
exit through a hole in the wall  of  the  building.   This  is  quite  a
popular  way  of  beekeeping  in some areas of Europe and does have many
attractions.

As it happens (pure fluke) I was in a bee house today.

If you keep bees 'indoors' like this, they do seem less upset by working
them  (I  don't know why), so this is probably a good approach for urban
and suburban beekeepers, although of course one  should  avoid  becoming
over  confident  as a result.  [Hmm, maybe there's less obvious evidence
of them being upset.]

Where we visited today (Sid Pullinger, just a few miles south of us  and
probably  reading  this  --  thanks  again Sid) he has a bee house about
15x12 feet with 12/13 hives in it (all guesstimates -- with  several  on
scales  to  measure  weight  changes).   I  watched  quite  closely  the
behaviour of  the  bees,  both  from  within  and  without  because  I'm
considering  a  small  bee house in the garden at home.  I wanted to see
for myself how they react to manipulations in these circumstances and  I
was  quite pleased at what I saw -- I started beekeeping to get my fruit
trees pollinated (although I'd always been curious) but my garden's  not
really *quite* big enough unless the bees are really well behaved.

When you work bees in a bee house they tend (of course) to come  out  of
the  hives  into the house, but they then realise they're 'lost' and try
to find their way out rather than protecting their home.  This seems  to
distract  them  from their original intention to defend and reduce their
tendency to set up their usual 30ft away protective ring (don't quote me
on  the  distance -- it varies).  This seems to me to be a useful aspect
particularly in non or quasi-rural beekeeping.

I shall soon have a bee house in my garden.  I want bees  at  home  both
for  pollination  and I think for comfort (aren't they lovely ;-), but I
don't want the worry of distressed neighbours -- ok, it may be mostly in
their minds but that doesn't help me.

Incidently, Sid had a nice selection of meads too -- but that's  another
story.

Best regards,
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Sun May 14 13:47:46 EDT 1995
Article: 1781 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
From: Gordon Scott <Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: New Hives - Just Starting
Date: 13 May 1995 23:27:23 +0100
Organization: Demon Internet News Service
Lines: 25
Sender: news@news.demon.co.uk
Message-ID: <800401132snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
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"Jim" writes:

> I am interested in learning more about bee keeping and possibly starting
> out.  What would you suggest I read and what supplies should I puruse to
> begin.

I'm biased because I'm a recent  ex-secraetary  of  a  local  beekeeping
Association,  but  _Join_One_  -- you'll gain lots of friends, ideas and
help. You may gain much more.

Whether or not you take the above advice,  try  to  find  another  local
beekeeper  with  whom  you  can  exchange  thoughts.   Bees  are  simple
creatures, but they can still  make  us  feel  pretty  silly  at  times.
Someone else with more experience off of whom you can bounce thoughts is
a God-send!

Happy beekeeping! BTW, if you're nature oriented you'll _love_ it.

Regards,
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Sun May 14 13:47:47 EDT 1995
Article: 1782 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
From: Gordon Scott <Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: disease in old hive boxes
Date: 13 May 1995 23:27:28 +0100
Organization: Demon Internet News Service
Lines: 36
Sender: news@news.demon.co.uk
Message-ID: <800403363snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
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> I had worked my way up to four hives on my small city lot, but this  was
> too  much  for  my  available  attention.   Through  my  inattention and
> possibly other factors, I lost my last two hives this  winter.   I  miss
> the little fellas though, and want to order a package soon.
             ^^^^^^
Most are _definitely_ girls"

Maybe your inattention, maybe just the way things sometimes  are.   Just
make sure it's not inattention next time ;-)

> My question: What should be done to treat  the  old  hive  boxes  before
> putting new bees in?  I know that one of the hives has had wax moths.

Unless you think you have *real* problems, sterilising with 80%  glacial
acetic  acid  for a few days should do the job -- it kills most nasties.
The general method is to soak paper or card  pads  with  the  stuff  and
leave  one  between  each hive box in a stack.  After a few days, remove
the pads and ventilate the stack a while.

WARNING -- 80% glacial acetic acid is  pretty  agressive.   Handle  with
care  and  _don't_ go sniffing the stuff!  It corrodes most metals quite
quickly, you may need new runners if you do it often -- and  every  year
on 'spare' (whatever that is :-) equipment is recommended here!

If you think you may have had AFB (or maybe EFB), scorch everything with
a  torch.   (Er,  not the wax -- it bursts into flames -- melt and reuse
that)

Regards,
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From adick@freenet.calgary.ab.ca Sun May 14 13:47:48 EDT 1995
Article: 1783 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!library.ucla.edu!info.ucla.edu!news.bc.net!rover.ucs.ualberta.ca!news.ucalgary.ca!adick
From: adick@freenet.calgary.ab.ca (Allen Dick)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: VARROA ala natural
Date: 14 May 1995 16:03:54 GMT
Organization: Calgary Freenet
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <3p59la$1h9g@ds2.acs.ucalgary.ca>
References: <950510065336257@beenet.com> <3p1r4f$9as@netnews.upenn.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: srv1.freenet.calgary.ab.ca

On the matter of dusting with icing sugar:  We are warned when using it 
with TM for AFB control not to get it into open brood beacause of its 
dehydrating effect, it is allegedly lethal to larvae.

I imagine there is some amount which could be tolerated.

Someone should do an experiment to see if and how much icing sugar it 
takes to kill open brood and if the dusting being considered is a problem.

A beekeeper here used to administer TM/icing sugar mix with an old 
Cynogas dust gun in the entrance.

I tried it and used that method for a while.  Don't recall any particular 
brood mortality, but then I wasn't watching closely, and a lot of 
mortality can go unnoticed.

Allen


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu May 25 23:39:31 EDT 1995
Article: 1837 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Heat Kills Vitamins & Enz
Date: Fri, 19 May 1995 14:50:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950519173941333@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
References: <3ph297$ciu@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu>
Lines: 45        


R<>From: rnoak@access.texas.gov (Rita Pirone Noak)

 <>An article in "Eating Well" June 1995 titled "The beekeeper's palette"
 <>there is this fella in France, Grabriel Perronneau, who says that
 <>"...Many American beekeepers heat their honey after extraction to delay
 <>the natural crystallization process, which, depending on the honey,
 <>starts a few weeks to a few years after bottling.  Perronneau scorns
 <>the process because he says it destroys the vitamins and enzymes."

R<>Is this true?  What vitamins, what enzymes?

It's true that much honey is pasteurized, (heated, filtered, and cooled)
to give it shelf life in the retail market. As for what is removed or
lost from the so called natural honey, much of it is only natural
because of the way it is handled by some beekeepers. Most of the so
called vitamins and enzymes are added in the beekeeping extracting
process when pollen and anything that is not honey is mixed with the
honey when the combs are uncapped and extracted.

R<>Also the article pointed out that average American and Frenchman eat only
 <>one pound of honey, while the average German eats FIVE pounds of honey!

The German's use to think that honey was essential to human nutrition
and most of the honey they consumed that was not purchased through the
mail was picked up at the drug store. I am sure it may be different
today with modern super markets and mass marketing and I am also sure
the old five pound average consumption may be much less.

  Here in the US we consume more corn sugars in soda pop and manufactured
foods then table sugars. The old sugar mills are being closed and new
corn product refractories are replacing them. Without US government
controls on the amount of raw sugar imported from other countries we
would no longer have cane or beet sugar growers, and this may change
at any time.

  If you think one pound of honey that Americans consume in a year is
small in comparison to the five pounds consumed in Germany, you should
know that in the USA we consume more then one pound of chemical
substitutes for sugar per person per year.

                           ttul Andy-


(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.


From conner@cs.pdx.edu Thu May 25 23:39:32 EDT 1995
Article: 1838 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!news.iag.net!newsboy.utelfla.com!news.sprintlink.net!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!uwm.edu!reuter.cse.ogi.edu!cs.uoregon.edu!usenet.ee.pdx.edu!not-for-mail
From: conner@cs.pdx.edu (Douglas A Conner)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What's this bumblebee?
Date: 19 May 1995 15:59:42 -0700
Lines: 40
Message-ID: <3pj7su$2q2@sirius.cs.pdx.edu>
References: <paulp.1.0010B81F@ims.com> <3pdaqs$45a@news.internetmci.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: sirius.cs.pdx.edu
X-Newsreader: NN version 6.5.0 #4 (NOV)

Brian Neumann <bneumann@mcimail.com> writes:

>paulp@ims.com (Paul Petty) had an inquiry about some different bumblebees:
>>
>> (near Portland OR) ... 
>> Their most distinct markings are whitish spots on the thorax and 
>> a bright reddish brown abdomen.  The abdomen color is mostly solid towards the 
>> front with black and brown stripes at the end, similar to a honeybees yellow 
>> and black color.  On the back of the thorax are a couple of  white or 
>> yellowish white spots.  The rest of the bee is dark colored.  It is also quite 
>> fuzzy looking.  Their size seemed to vary a lot.  The smallest ones were 
>> slightly larger than a honeybee drone with the largest ones about twice that 
>> size.  When I saw them they were flying in with pollen loads on their legs.  
>> They seemed fairly gentle.

>I have been wondering about these red fuzzy bees! I haven't seen a nest,
>but I have notice some larger than honeybees, but not fat as a bombus! 
>If anyone knows what they are, I am interested. So much, that I searched the
>newsgroups to find out!!!

>Thanks,

>Brian

>*******************************************************************************

>      "Note: All words (except "fire" and "wheel") and all alphanumeric 
> characters in the preceding are registered trademarks of Microsoft." -Anon.

>*******************************************************************************
I have a hive of these bees in my attic.  I'm located about 20 miles east
of Portland Or.  I'm going to have them removed next week, so if anyone
is interested in seeing the hive prior to its removal, send me mail and
we'll make arrangements.

Thanks,
Doug
conner@cs.pdx.edu




From betts@orion.etsu.edu Thu May 25 23:39:33 EDT 1995
Article: 1839 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!cs.utexas.edu!news.unt.edu!hermes.oc.com!usenet
From: Gordon Betts <betts@orion.etsu.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bees and Azaleas
Date: 19 May 1995 14:57:35 GMT
Organization: OpenConnect Systems, Dallas, TX, USA
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Message-ID: <3pibkv$avp@hermes.oc.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: acme.etsu.edu

I recently heard that Azaleas are poisonous to bees.  True or False?
If true, does it kill the ones contacting Azaleas or damage the hive?
Gordon


From cris@america.com Thu May 25 23:39:34 EDT 1995
Article: 1840 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!jussieu.fr!fdn.fr!uunet!in1.uu.net!america.com!usenet
From: cris@america.com (Christine)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: info  lbs vs. pails vs gallon
Date: 20 May 1995 02:17:37 GMT
Organization: Your Organization
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I am a little confused.  Could someone educate me as to the ratio of
lbs vs. pails vs. gallons.  Someone ask me about 12 lbs.  of honey. 

When I inquired about the 12 lbs.  the producer did not know what I 
meant.  How much does 12 lbs equal to other weight measurements.  Also
15 lbs.  Thanks!

Christine



From ewhitevhp@aol.com Thu May 25 23:39:35 EDT 1995
Article: 1841 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ewhitevhp@aol.com (EWhiteVHP)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bees and Azaleas
Date: 19 May 1995 15:48:29 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com

I heard that the *honey* from rhodendrons is poison! Maybe that's what
you're talking about. Doesn't hurt the bees. Just the people that eat the
honey. This situtation is very, very rare.
Elaine


From northcj@io.org Thu May 25 23:39:37 EDT 1995
Article: 1842 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: northcj@io.org
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Hive Euthanasia
Date: 20 May 1995 02:14:30 GMT
Organization: Internex Online, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (416 363 3783)
Lines: 46
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X-Newsreader: IBM NewsReader/2 v1.03

In <ZKwc7o-.jdeming@delphi.com>, Joyce Deming <jdeming@delphi.com> writes:
>Can anyone tell me the best way to "dispatch" a hive?  We have a hive
>that seems to have replaced its queen with a african/hornet cross.  These
>gals are mean!  Normally, we would requeen with a nice, gentle Buckfast
>queen, but the thought of digging through the frames to find the old
>queen is more than we care to deal with.  We popped the lid a few days
>ago to check on things, and they haven't settled down yet.  We're still
>getting kamikaze attack bees taking out after us when we walk outside.
>That would be fine if we were at our old bee yard in the boonies, but
>the hives are at our house, and we certainly don't want our neighbors or
>their kids or animals getting stung.
> 
>We'd like to use something that's not going to contaminate the boxes
>or frames for future use.
> 
>Thanks for the help.
> 
>joyce
>jdeming@delph.com
A couple of ways follows but actually it might be just as easy to dress 
yourself up well (thick clothes under a beesuit), have someone tape the arm 
and leg holes to your gloves/boots/veil and go to it. After all you won't
have to be careful about damaging the queen, you could shake the frames into 
something where you can then kill the bees etc.

There is a 'bromine' based gas that can be used to kill off a hive but you
probably need a permit to buy/use it (and it is nasty stuff to make a
mistake with as it will 'freeze' the nerves in your lungs - you suffocate).
We used to be able to get it as inspectors but I never personally used it.

We sometimes would pour gasoline into the top of a hive to stupefy(?)
bees before burning for foulbroud. It would knock down your bees, but would
take a while to evaporate (AND DON"T USE A SMOKER ON OR NEAR
THE HIVE FOR DAYS!!!) - you could shake the bees into a box and burn them.

Your best bet might be to use a CO2 fire extinguisher to knock down the
bees (eg freeze them), shake them out of the hive, bag and burn them, and
then install a new package. A block of dry ice in an empty super on top
would likely have the same effect (If I remember the CO2 will settle into
the hive and suffocate them) - never tried the block of dry ice.

Good Luck


R John Northcote



From dicka@cuug.ab.ca Thu May 25 23:39:38 EDT 1995
Article: 1843 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!sunserver.insinc.net!cuugnet!dicka
From: dicka@cuug.ab.ca (Allen Dick 546-2588)
Subject: Reading BEE-L on WWW and Email
Message-ID: <D8xnx3.G6y@cuug.ab.ca>
Keywords: WWW,Web,BEE-L,logs
Organization: Calgary UNIX User's Group
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
Date: Sun, 21 May 1995 14:43:49 GMT
Lines: 115

Contents: 1.) Web access to BEE-L
          2.) Email access to historical BEE-L discussions
          3.) How to ensure the logs are not too large to save in future
          4.) How to join BEE-L

There are now two ways now to read back issues of BEE-L, the beekeeping 
discussion list.

1. ) BEE-l can presently be read on the Worldwide Web by pointing your
brouser at http://www.internode.net:80/~allend/index.html This is a NEW
URL.

You can also still get there from http://www.cuug.ab.ca:8001/~dicka

The National (USA) Honey Board Database is also there to brouse or download.

Most logs going back to 1991 are available on my web sites.  Some are
missing. If you have any old logs on hand that are not there, kindly
forward them to me by email.

If you have web access, either by PPP and a graphical brouser or by lynx
(a UNIX brouser available on many UNIX shell accounts by typing the
command 'lynx'), this is the fast, simple way to go.

2.) For those with no web access, logs are also available quite
conveniently by email from

LISTSERV@uacsc2.albany.edu

However they only go back to 1994.

Due to the increasing size of
recent logs and limited space on the LISTSERV, the older logs have been
displaced.

To have a BEE-L log emailed to you:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Just send a message with no subject (subject lines are ignored) to
LISTSERV@uacsc2.albany.edu with the message

GET BEE-L LOGMMYY

Where MM is the month (ie. 05 for May) and YY is the year (ie. 95 for
1995). Additional logs requested can be added on up to four more lines in
your message.  Be aware of the spacing of the words (No space in LOG9505,
for example).

Leave out any other text -- such as .signatures.  Additional text -
other than lines with additional commands -- will trigger harmless error
messages from the LISTSERV.

The log will arrive some time later in your mailbox.  Warning: logs can
be 650 K in size.

3.)Therefore please edit your contributions to BEE-L and leave off long sigs:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Please, everyone, when posting to BEE-L, consider the size of your
.signature file and limit the amount of previous articles quoted to what
is necessary to understand your comments -- Thanks.

Please edit out all signatures and unnecessary (irrelevant) parts of the
quoted message to reduce the amount of material going into the logs.
This will keep the size mangeable.  The log for the present month is over
425K now -- and much of this is due to vanity sigs and over-quoting.

What uses up space?  Entire blank lines use only one byte, so feel free to
use lots of blank lines if it makes your message easy to read.

For example the previous (empty) line used only one byte!

Part lines use one byte for each character visible plus one, so they are
not wasteful either.

The above partial line is 21 bytes because I did not add any spaces after
the '.'

'>' alone on a line is only two bytes.

However the blank spaces in signatures, used to space things out, count one
byte per space, or up to eighty bytes per line.

For example: my sig below uses 216 bytes (54 bytes per line times four
lines).  This is equivalent to one four line paragraph of text.

So, please don't quote it when you quote me.

I hope this info is useful and encourages more compact logs without
discouraging people from posting -- after all the posts are what make this
list interesting and useful.

4.) To subscribe to BEE-L, just send an email to 
LISTSERV@uacsc2.albany.edu with the message:

SUBSCRIBE BEE-L My Name

Where 'My Name' is your own name.  Be prepared to reply to a message 
which should arrive shortly, and you will then receive postings as fast 
as they are distributed.

Enjoy.

Allen

W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                        VE6CFK
Rural Route One   Swalwell   Alberta   Canada  T0M 1Y0
Email:   dicka@cuug.ab.ca    or   allend@internode.net
Futures, Art & Honey:http://www.cuug.ab.ca:8001/~dicka


-- 
W. Allen Dick, Beekeeper                        VE6CFK 
Rural Route One   Swalwell   Alberta   Canada  T0M 1Y0 
Email:   dicka@cuug.ab.ca    or   allend@internode.net
Futures, Art & Honey:http://www.cuug.ab.ca:8001/~dicka 


From alex@longton.demon.co.uk Thu May 25 23:39:39 EDT 1995
Article: 1844 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!demon!longton.demon.co.uk!alex
From: "T. Alex. Shaw. BA(Hons" <alex@longton.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Stings and Blindness
Date: 21 May 1995 21:31:37 +0100
Organization: At home in the North Midlands, UK
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X-Posting-Host: longton.demon.co.uk

I have kept bees for longer than I care to remember and on occassions 
become rather careless and forget to wear my viel.   I mentioned this to 
another experienced beekeeper recently and he said that a sting direct into 
the eye would cause permanent blindness and that I should always wear it.   
If this is so then, of course, he is right.   Does anyone know what the 
risks are in relation to this please? 


--

                                                                    Alex.

/*  What kind of person uses a language that gives a clean compile on:
    for(;P("\n"),R-;P("|"))for(e=C;e-:P("_"+(*u++/8)%2))P("|"+(*u/4)%2); */
						                  

 



From cconroy@zippy.mv.com Thu May 25 23:39:40 EDT 1995
Article: 1845 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!uhog.mit.edu!news.mtholyoke.edu!world!mv!usenet
From: cconroy@zippy.mv.com (Chris Conroy)
Subject: Re: Varroa in my hive
Message-ID: <D8y8Bx.xo@mv.mv.com>
Nntp-Posting-Host: zippy.mv.com
Sender: -Not-Authenticated-[3761]
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Date: Sun, 21 May 1995 22:11:56 GMT
References: <3p8j70$n47@paperboy.ids.net> <D8nAG0.FnC@mv.mv.com> 
 <ringetringetame.72.0016897B@mind.net>  
 <173A17809S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
Lines: 17

I appreciate the advice. I haven't received my Apistan yet, I was going
by what I had read in one of the catalogs I had received.

The honey would be for my consumption, so I wouldn't contaminate it
with Apistan - believe me.

As for treating the hives last fall, I was hoping that varroa wouldn't
contaminate my hive. I think we tend to go the easy route all too often
and think chemically. I recently heard a speaker at a beekeeping group
saying that if companies and beekeepers had spent their energy breeding
varroa resistant bees, we wouldn't be as dependent on chemicals.

Well, it looks as if my plans didn't work out. I'll let you all know
how things proceed.

Chris Conroy
cconroy@zippy.mv.com


From camschel@ix.netcom.com Thu May 25 23:39:41 EDT 1995
Article: 1846 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!kuroshio.ccpo.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!ix.netcom.com!netnews
From: camschel@ix.netcom.com (Peter Amschel)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Heat Kills Vitamins & Enzymes in Honey?
Date: 20 May 1995 04:47:54 GMT
Organization: Netcom
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Distribution: world
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References: <3ph297$ciu@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ix-tem-ca1-25.ix.netcom.com

In <3ph297$ciu@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu> rnoak@access.texas.gov (Rita
Pirone Noak) writes: 
>
>An article in "Eating Well" June 1995 titled "The beekeeper's palette"
>there is this fella in France, Grabriel Perronneau, who says that 
>"...Many American beekeepers heat their honey after extraction to
delay 
>the natural crystallization process, which, depending on the honey, 
>starts a few weeks to a few years after bottling.  Perronneau scorns 
>the process because he says it destroys the vitamins and enzymes."
>
>Is this true?  What vitamins, what enzymes?
>
>
>Also the article pointed out that average American and Frenchman eat
only
>one pound of honey, while the average German eats FIVE pounds of
honey!


Thanks for the info about French and German honey consumption. I agree,
in my own semi-unexperienced 1.5 beekeeping experience, that "HONIG"
should not be heated at all. Here in Hemet during the honey flow they
weather is hot and the honey is plenty liquified and flows nicely
through my nylong paintbag filter. One secretary depends on my honey
because she says that local bees foraging for local nectars and pollen
produce HONIG which has an anti-allergenic effect. She takes a big
dollop of my HONIG every day during the pollen season. The big honey
producers combine HONIG from beekeepers from many different areas.



From glhat@ihug.co.nz Thu May 25 23:39:42 EDT 1995
Article: 1847 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news-e1a.megaweb.com!newstf01.news.aol.com!uunet!in1.uu.net!comp.vuw.ac.nz!waikato!news.midland.co.nz!newsource.ihug.co.nz!news
From: glhat@ihug.co.nz (Grey Lynn Housing Trust)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Heat Kills Vitamins & Enzymes in Honey?
Date: 22 May 1995 12:11:11 GMT
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In article <3pjs9q$nvp@ixnews3.ix.netcom.com>, camschel@ix.netcom.com (Peter Amschel) says:
>
>In <3ph297$ciu@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu> rnoak@access.texas.gov (Rita
>Pirone Noak) writes: 
>>
>>An article in "Eating Well" June 1995 titled "The beekeeper's palette"
>>there is this fella in France, Grabriel Perronneau, who says that 
>>"...Many American beekeepers heat their honey after extraction to
>delay 
>>the natural crystallization process, which, depending on the honey, 
>>starts a few weeks to a few years after bottling.  Perronneau scorns 
>>the process because he says it destroys the vitamins and enzymes."
>>
>>Is this true?  What vitamins, what enzymes?
>>
>>
>>Also the article pointed out that average American and Frenchman eat
>only
>>one pound of honey, while the average German eats FIVE pounds of
>honey!
>
>
>Thanks for the info about French and German honey consumption. I agree,
>in my own semi-unexperienced 1.5 beekeeping experience, that "HONIG"
>should not be heated at all. Here in Hemet during the honey flow they
>weather is hot and the honey is plenty liquified and flows nicely
>through my nylong paintbag filter. One secretary depends on my honey
>because she says that local bees foraging for local nectars and pollen
>produce HONIG which has an anti-allergenic effect. She takes a big
>dollop of my HONIG every day during the pollen season. The big honey
>producers combine HONIG from beekeepers from many different areas.
>
Commercial apiarists here in New Zealand heat honey too.In some cases water is added to take it up to the maximum permissable water content
There are two schools of thought about the harm it does to the honey. You could obtain an unbiased comment from the International Bee Research Assn. U.K. 


From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Thu May 25 23:39:43 EDT 1995
Article: 1848 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Verroa and vestigial wings on workers
Date: 22 May 1995 19:31:38 +0100
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During a conversation with a fellow beekeeper at the weekend the 
subject of the incidence of verroa and vestigial wings on workers came 
up.  This person reckoned that 20% of the workers in some hives are 
affected.  

I checked one of my hives in the garden and only found one or two
verroa but several dozen young workers with vestigial wings.  There 
were no drones present at any stage.

Some years ago I came across drones with a similar problem and it 
was put down to a genetic defect.

My colleague says that it is caused by a virus carried by verroa 
mites.

Is this new problem the old one re-defined?   How wide spread is it? 
What can be done to cure, control or kill it?

Comments please...

Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Thu May 25 23:39:44 EDT 1995
Article: 1849 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Gordon Scott <Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: VARROA ala natural
Date: 22 May 1995 22:15:29 +0100
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In article <3p1r4f$9as@netnews.upenn.edu>
           djt@dolphin.upenn.edu "David J Trickett" writes:

> : originally in conference IN-BEE-LIST on (Wild Bee's BBS)
> :                     ----------------------------------------
> : From: Gordon@MULTITONE.CO.UK
> : Date:         Tue, 9 May 1995 13:41:58 +0000
> : Subject:      Re: VARROA
> 
> :     3) 'Soft' Chemicals.
> 
> :     Our   Association   here   (Basingstoke  UK)  have  also  been
> :     experimenting with icing sugar or french chalk dusted onto the
> :     bees  & combs.  The function of these is supposed to be purely
> :     mechanical -- it gets onto the sticky pads on the feet of  the
> :     mites,  they lose their grip and slip off....
> 
> How much powder do you need, and how evenly does it need to be distributed?  

We treat them by dusting both sides of each frame, trying  to  coat  the
bees  and  trying  not to dust the brood.  We just dust whichever powder
>from  a shaker for a few seconds per frame side.   Mechanical  knock-down
seems  to  take  about an hour.  We place a tray under the brood nest on
which to catch the mites as they fall and then remove the tray after the
hour and deal with the still live mites as we see fit.

I doubt that putting the dust along the top bars would work, I think  we
need to get quite a lot distributed quickly and evenly. It's quite possible
that some form of dust sprayer might work

We tend here just to dust the brood nest because we  wish  to  avoid  as
best  we  can,  getting  any  contaminants  in  the honey.  I don't mind
getting icing sugar in there, but I don't like the idea  of  talc  --  I
believe  the stuff's safe enough (although breathing _any_ dust is not a
100% good idea), but it isn't what I want in my end product.

BTW, talc *seems* to work better against the mites that icing sugar.

> I am trying a variety of approaches this year and plan to analyze the 
> results using contingency tables.  I'll certainly publish the results, if 
> they are worthy of dissemination.
> 
> Dave   
> 

If you can get enough real information I'm sure many will be interested.
One  problem  many  of  us  have is that, often at best, our results are
subjective.  By that I mean, I might get a good knock-down  because  the
treatment's  good,  or  because  the  colony  is heavily infested (maybe
because the previous treatment was _not_ good).  Unless in a position to
measure this pretty accurately, things have to remain subjective.  Daily
natural mortality can be a useful guide to infestation  level,  but  its
accuracy  is  fairly  poor.  The arival of infested bees from absconding
colonies can "blow all the sums right out of the water".

-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Thu May 25 23:39:45 EDT 1995
Article: 1850 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Gordon Scott <Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: disease in old hive boxes
Date: 22 May 1995 22:15:30 +0100
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In article <800403363snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
           Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk "Gordon Scott" writes:

> If you think you may have had AFB (or maybe EFB), scorch everything with
> a  torch.   (Er,  not the wax -- it bursts into flames -- melt and reuse
> that)

Hm, errata?  -- If I had AFB, personally  I  _would_  burn  the  wax  by
choice,  but  on a bonfire of course, not with the torch.  For us in the
UK that's a choice we  don't  get  anyway  --  destruction  by  fire  is
mandatory here.

I just remembered.  One recommendation here is  to  sterilise  equipment
"by immersing them for ten minutes in paraffin wax heated to 150C"

That gives an idea just how robust  AFB  spores  are  doesn't  it?   I'm
pretty  sure that method is a little cautious -- but not much -- boiling
in water is definitely insufficient!  A steam autoclave should  work  if
the  temperature is high enough.

Irradiation is OK for AFB, there is some doubt for  EFB  though.   There
are  irradiation  plants  around  in  Europe and I presume in many other
areas too.

These methods are probably not for the  hobbyist  beekeeper  unless  you
contact a professional or form a cooperative group.

Regards,
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From krygh@vmprofs.estec.esa.nl Thu May 25 23:39:46 EDT 1995
Article: 1851 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: krygh@vmprofs.estec.esa.nl (Knut Rygh)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee hive sound profile
Date: 23 May 1995 13:33:16 GMT
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I am seeking information on the sound profile produced by the bees in the 
hive.
Specifically looking for publications, research papers or experiences in 
measuring the sound profile in the hive with the purpose to read the 
status of the hive / bee society.
Any information, advice and support  on the above
would be highly appreciated.
Knut Rygh,
Van Polanen Park 149,
2241 SJ, Wassenaar, 
The Netherlands.
krygh@vmprofs.estec.esa.nl
-----------------------------------------------------
“If you have tried to do something and failed,
 you are vastly better off than if you have tried
 to do nothing and succeeded”.
-----------------------------------------------------



From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Thu May 25 23:39:47 EDT 1995
Article: 1852 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: info  lbs vs. pails vs gallon
Date: Mon, 22 May 95 08:13:34 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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In article <3pjjg1$1kg@enterprise.america.com>
cris@america.com (Christine) writes:
 
>
>I am a little confused.  Could someone educate me as to the ratio of
>lbs vs. pails vs. gallons.
>
>
>Christine
>
 
Actually, this is a hard one to answer because there is so much variation
in pail size and gallons (are we talking big pail or little pail, U.S.
or Imperial gallons?).  A U.S. gallon weighs 12 U.S. pounds - one quart
weight 3 pounds.  Other weights and sizes are foreign to me.
 
Aaron Morris


From 73203.610@CompuServe.COM Thu May 25 23:39:48 EDT 1995
Article: 1853 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Patrick M. O'Hearn <73203.610@CompuServe.COM>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: queenright?
Date: 22 May 1995 15:34:27 GMT
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Hello All,
	Yesterday I opened up a hive.   There were lots of bees 
busily working, tons of honey, but no brood, no eggs.  I found 
the remains of several supersedure cells but absolutely no 
brood...nada, zip, zero.  The hive didt act like it had lost its 
queen though, it was active, not really agressive, didnt have 
that listless feel to it.  On the odds that it was in fact 
without a queen, I rebuilt the hive as follows: (from the ground 
up) Old brood chamber 1, Old brood chamber 2, double screen board 
(aka Snellgrove board) with opening to back of hive, new brood 
chamber with 3 week old swarm and strong queen, queen excluder, 
newspaper, honey supers with most of  the old bees shaken out.  
My thoughts were to wait a week and see if the lower hive had a 
new queen that just hadnt started laying yet before I combined 
the two hives.	All this leads to three questions:
1.  What are the odds that a hive totally bereft of  brood has a 
sucessful supersedure queen that just hasnt started laying yet?  
And, how long should I give her to show signs of laying.
2.  If the old colony is in fact queenless (as I suspect), will 
the strong queen above the screenboard give off enough “queen 
substance” to suppress any laying workers (which I dont have now) 
until I unite the hives.
3.  Am I overthinking this and should I just combine the two 
without all this fiddling around.
Thanks for any input in this matter  Patrick O'Hearn, Aztec NM

-- 
Patrick M. O'Hearn, 73203.610@compuserve.com
Bears Choice Apiary  "sometimes you get shown the light in the
Aztec, New Mexico     strangest of places, if you look at it 
                      right" R. Hunter


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu May 25 23:39:49 EDT 1995
Article: 1854 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Stings and Blindness
Date: Mon, 22 May 1995 05:00:00 GMT
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<>From: "T. Alex. Shaw. BA(Hons" <alex@longton.demon.co.uk>

<>I have kept bees for longer than I care to remember and on occassions
<>become rather careless and forget to wear my viel.   I mentioned this to
<>another experienced beekeeper recently and he said that a sting direct into
<>the eye would cause permanent blindness and that I should always wear it.
<>If this is so then, of course, he is right.   Does anyone know what the
<>risks are in relation to this please?

Hello Alex,

  It may be true only because I have never heard of anyone being
stung directly on the eye and living to tell the story.

  But I can tell you for sure that if that is true it is the only
place on your body or in it, that one well placed bee sting will kill
you if you are not super sensitive to honey bee stings. Speaking
>from  experience of course.

  What to do if a live honey bee gets in your ear?..

  This is not an everyday occurrence but it does happen once in a
lifetime. Maybe less today, but in yester year when bee hives were
loaded by hand at night they would at times become very crawly and would
crawl up and in time find a way in and sock it too you. If you are lucky
enough to have one crawl into your ear your will find that she will not
want to back out, and will drive you nuts with her buzzing, you knowing
all the time this is your last hour on earth when she give you that
death sting to your brain. It may be true that beekeeper's don't
use shot gun's in suicide attempts because the target is so small, but
one small bee seems to know the range. But not all is lost if you have
any kind of oil, including motor oil, and can get a few drops into
your ear canal and on the bee she will back out.

  Now I am not saying this is the best or approved method or will
work all the time, but I have seen it work twice, one time the oil was a
little warm on the beekeepers ear. But both times the little old dirty
bee was removed without stinging.

  A dirty ear full for sure, but no sting. The oil used in both these
cases was dirty motor oil dripped off the dip stick fresh from the truck.
It would be preferable to have some light mineral oil in the yard truck
First Aid kit, but sometime's one is not prepared for the adventure's of
the night.
                               ttul Andy-


(c)Wild Bee's BBS
Permission to reproduce, granted.
Opinion's are not necessarily facts.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu May 25 23:39:50 EDT 1995
Article: 1855 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: info  lbs vs. pails vs ga
Date: Mon, 22 May 1995 05:08:00 GMT
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C<>From: cris@america.com (Christine)
 <>I am a little confused.  Could someone educate me as to the ratio of
 <>lbs vs. pails vs. gallons.  Someone ask me about 12 lbs.  of honey.

C<>When I inquired about the 12 lbs.  the producer did not know what I
 <>meant.  How much does 12 lbs equal to other weight measurements.  Also
 <>15 lbs.  Thanks!

C<>Christine

    Beekeepers Measurements (California, Left Coast of USA)

        A CAN    60 lbs- 5 gallons  (poor years production)
        A CASE   2-5 gallon cans in a wooden box (average crop)
        A DRUM   55 gallons or 660 lbs, 11 can's, (one whale of a crop)

 I will let the other do the honor's for the smaller sizes to even
mention them at this stage of the season could be bad luck.


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Thu May 25 23:39:51 EDT 1995
Article: 1856 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Heat Kills Vitamins & Enz
Date: Mon, 22 May 95 07:47:20 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
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In article <950519173941333@beenet.com>
andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur) writes:
 
>>
>>
>>R<>From: rnoak@access.texas.gov (Rita Pirone Noak)
>>
>> <>An article in "Eating Well" June 1995 titled "The beekeeper's palette"
>> <>there is this fella in France, Grabriel Perronneau, who says that
>> <>"...Many American beekeepers heat their honey after extraction to delay
>> <>the natural crystallization process, which, depending on the honey,
>> <>starts a few weeks to a few years after bottling.  Perronneau scorns
>> <>the process because he says it destroys the vitamins and enzymes."
>>
>>R<>Is this true?  What vitamins, what enzymes?
>>
 
>It's true that much honey is pasteurized, (heated, filtered, and cooled)
>to give it shelf life in the retail market. As for what is removed or
>lost from the so called natural honey, much of it is only natural
>because of the way it is handled by some beekeepers. Most of the so
>called vitamins and enzymes are added in the beekeeping extracting
>process when pollen and anything that is not honey is mixed with the
>honey when the combs are uncapped and extracted.
>
 
Adding a little, most commercial honey packers heat honey to make it
less viscous and flow better through pipes and tubes.  It is filtered
to remove 'foreign' particles (pollen, dirt, bee parts) and is then
blended with various brands of honey (honey from different floral
sources) to give a consistent product.  There ARE enzymes in honey that
are destroyed if the honey is heated above 113 degrees F, and there are
viatmins and proteins in pollen that is removed in the filtering process.
So the answer to the original question is Yes, enzymes and vitamins
which are in "natural" honey are destroyed and removed from commercial
honey.  The specific enzymes and vitamins are not carried around in
this poster's brain, but a good source for that information would be
_The_Hive_and_the_Honeybee_ from Dadant press ('92 edition, don't know
what chapter or page).
 
Aaron Morris


From Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com Thu May 25 23:39:55 EDT 1995
Article: 1857 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Mark Dillow <Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Stings and Blindness
Date: 22 May 1995 17:27:46 GMT
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Alex, 
I have a friend who experienced a sting to the eye when one of 
her bees got under her veil. She experienced temporary 
blindness in that eye, which then spread to the other eye (I 
think this is called a sympathetic reaction). She was affected 
for a few days, but suffered no permanent damage.

However, I would think that permanent blindness would indeed be 
 possible for some people, depending on their indivdual 
reaction to the sting. I'm no expert, just guessing.

At any rate, I have always used a veil when working my bees, 
but at the above example shows, even a veil isn't always 100% 
effective. To me, it isn't worth the risk to work without the 
veil.

Mark



From pollinator@aol.com Thu May 25 23:39:56 EDT 1995
Article: 1858 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Varroa in my hive
Date: 22 May 1995 23:30:35 -0400
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Aaron Morris says:

The time to put the Apistan strips in your hive was last fall at the end
of the season.  The time to take them out would have been around
January.  The time to add honey supers is now.  Following sound
beekeeping practices and the manufacturer's instructions allows plenty
of time to avoid the concern that Apistan strips in a hive at the same
time there are honey supers on the hive WILL PRODUCE CONTAMINATED HONEY!
I'm not sure if pesticide laws pertain to Apistan (any opinions from
the Pollinator?), but I suspect that lawyer types would be willing to
litigate that use of Apistan strips contrary to label instructions
constitutes an unlawful act.

   Right on Aaron

   We can hardly expect other pesticide users to obey the label directions
pertaining to foraging bees, if we don't follow directions on the
pesticides we use.

   Yes, it is the law to follow directions.  Exactly.

Pollinator@aol.com      Dave Green
Pollinator@aol.com                                   Dave Green
Dave's Pollination Service         Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC    29554


From Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com Thu May 25 23:39:57 EDT 1995
Article: 1859 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Mark Dillow <Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Help with Chalkbrood
Date: 22 May 1995 17:32:26 GMT
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Does anyone have suggestions on treating chalkbrood? My books 
suggest moving the hive to a sunny location (it is in such a 
location), and if the problem is severe, requeen. Are there any 
other ways to treat this problem?
I have kept bees as a hobby for 5 years now, and have been 
afflicted this year with Chalkbrood and Varroa for the first 
time. 

Thanks in advance for any advice.

Mark 



From pollinator@aol.com Thu May 25 23:39:58 EDT 1995
Article: 1860 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Stings and Blindness
Date: 22 May 1995 23:34:07 -0400
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<564034814wnr@longton.demon.co.uk>

>I have kept bees for longer than I care to remember and on occassions 
become rather careless and forget to wear my viel.   I mentioned this to 
another experienced beekeeper recently and he said that a sting direct
into 
the eye would cause permanent blindness and that I should always wear it. 
 
If this is so then, of course, he is right.   Does anyone know what the 
risks are in relation to this please? 

   I would suppose this would depend on the individual reaction.  If there
is enough reaction, scarring of the cornea could occur.

   I do not wear a veil, if I move bees at night, because crawling bees
are easier to get at without the veil, and they are not supposed to fly. 
However one didn't read the book and hit me tail first in the eyeball.  I
had a difficult time getting out the stinger, and I suppose I mashed most
of the venom out of the poison sac in the process.

   It gave me a whopper of a headache, and I took some Tylenol and
stretched out on the truck seat for an hour.  Then I was okay.  Of course
I get stung a lot.  

   (We opened one hive today that was a fireball!  The rest were just
beautiful.  You work thirty hives with no stings, the thirty first stings
you thirty times.  I had a new helper being broken in, and I thought I
might lose him on the first day.)

   There were no further reactions.

Pollinator@aol.com   Dave Green
Pollinator@aol.com                                   Dave Green
Dave's Pollination Service         Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC    29554


From CLAY@PRISM.CLEMSON.EDU Thu May 25 23:39:59 EDT 1995
Article: 1861 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: CLAY@PRISM.CLEMSON.EDU (CAMILLIUS  LAY      19870601)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: azaleas
Date: 23 May 1995 02:09:26 GMT
Organization: CLEMSON UNIVERSITY
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If memory serves, azaleas (and rhododendrons) have andromedotoxins in 
their nectar.  Neurotoxins, make you numb, suppress respiration.  Not
too toxic but not good for you either.  

A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.  Go to college.  Get a little
knowledge.  Live dangerously.
Regards,
C


From CLAY@PRISM.CLEMSON.EDU Thu May 25 23:40:00 EDT 1995
Article: 1862 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: CLAY@PRISM.CLEMSON.EDU (CAMILLIUS  LAY      19870601)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: hive euthanasia - "bromine stuff"
Date: 23 May 1995 02:13:52 GMT
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The bromine stuff is methyl bromide gas, a very dangerous fumigant.  Not
the kind of thing the average person should mess with, and a restricted use
pesticide here in the US.  That means yes, you need a license toget it.  Of 
course, most private applicator licensing programs are so lightweight that
your bees could probably qualify.  Also, MeBr is being phased out for
environmental reasons.  Agree, disagree, or don't care: we're gonna lose
it.
Regards,
C


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu May 25 23:40:01 EDT 1995
Article: 1863 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: teaching kids about bees
Date: Wed, 10 May 1995 13:37:00 GMT
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Distribution: world
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S<>From: secure1@use.usit.net ()
 <>I am an instructor at a local childrens' museum. I do programs at area
 <>schools on astonomy using a piece of equipment called Starlab. I am
 <>working on a program using the Starlab dome to represent a skep type
 <>hive and putting the kids "  inside " of  a bee hive. What do you
 <>think of my idea?

I think it great, I would also have a bee smoker puffing a few clouds
of smoke into the room to give it some real atmosphere, but knowing
you won't be doing that because of the equipment you could spray the
room with essence of apple, citrus, or rose, to give the same effect.

   Send me a ticket.<G>
                         ttul Andy-


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu May 25 23:40:02 EDT 1995
Article: 1864 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Paraffin wax dipping
Date: Mon, 22 May 1995 15:33:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950522183851346@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 79        


*Paraffin Wax for wooden bee goods*

From: Jean-Marie Van Dyck <jmvandyck@QUICK.CC.FUNDP.AC.BE>
Date:         Mon, 22 May 1995 11:00:21 +0100
Subject:      Re: Paraffin wax dipping

On Fri, 19 May 1995 22:49:39 +1030 Jean-Pierre Chapleau
                                         <chapleau@SCUZZY.FMMO.CA> wrote:

PARAFFIN DIPPERS

> For now I use a 45 gallon barrel as a dipper.  It is not convenient.
> It holds only one super at a time.  I plan to build a real wax dipper.
> I have on hand two papers with plans of two different dippers: one by
> Murray Reid and Andrew Matheson and the other one by Andrew Matheson
> (do you hear me Andrew?).  I think the most recent plan is dated 1986.
> Does anyone know of improvements since then?  Why reinvent what has
> been invented? ;)

OK! but your dipper dimensions must be in agreement with your hives
and nucs formats and dimensions. The barrel in not the most convenient
because it's not a square one and your supers are.:-) I know 2
paraffin wax dippers in my area.  They are cubic dippers largely
adapted for a Dadant 12 frames brood chamber (about 60x60 cm for the
one, about 64x64 cm for the second which is used for dipping the four
nucs super with half Dadant frames according the brother Adam breeding
method).  You could also put 2 Dadant honey supers.

The particularity is that it is possible to block a small iron cube!
(it's not cubic but higher than wide) on the middel of the dipper to
avoid a too important wax quantity to heat when you only dip brood
chambers and supers. For bottoms and tops, the small cube is removed.
There are 4 iron legs (8 cm square) and wheels to move it (wheight).
There is also a tap(1" faucet) to remove the paraffim wax, in any
case. But seems there is never used. The cover is also use as a
drainer when the dip stuffs are removed from the bath.

MICROWAX???

> Jean-Marie, you refer to MICROWAX.  What is it.  Is this just a brand
> name or is it a special kind of paraffin.  Personnally I have been using
> what is sold in Canada as grade 2 paraffin.

Microwax is the term used by our suppliers (seems for microcristalline
   wax?) but there are some qualities and forms: Qualities : The
melting point may vary from 60 dC to 85-90 dC and the price!  Forms :
You can get it in blocks (5-10 kg : 30 kg/box) or in pearl (25 kg
bags)

Suppliers : Ask to the Oil refiners : they don't sell the wax in small
quantities but give you the technical indications and the suppliers.
Look for the candels suppliers : this wax is used to the external part
of the candels.

PRICE OF PARAFFIN

> Here I paid the equivalent of 1.89$ US for my paraffin (500 kilos).
> I had a hard time to find a supplier.  It would be nice to hear from
> other as far as price and suppliers.  I got mine from a big hardware
> company (Rona) but I am sure there must be other suppliers.

prices of microwax in Belgium (April 95) (1 US$ = about 30 BEF
=Belgian Franc) quantity +-300 kg

Quality HMP (mp 85 dC)(we use this !!) box of 25kg  BEF 92/kg (+20.5% VAT)
    "   H330 (mp 75 C)                    id        BEF 66/kg      "
    "   LMP (mp 65 C)                     id        BEF 76/kg      "
The Pearl forms is a bit more expensive !

We are using the High Melting Point one because it seems to have a
better comportment in the sun (don't flow as early?) and this seems
not so fat when you take it in hands.

We plan to do experiments with adding about 1% copper naphthenate in
the dip solution.  I'll tell you ...

Cheers
Jean-Marie <jmvandyck@cc.fundp.ac.be>


From dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu Thu May 25 23:40:03 EDT 1995
Article: 1865 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: dstamper@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu (David M. Stamper)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: First Swarm
Date: Tue, 23 May 1995 21:57:16 GMT
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Just a story to tell.

I collected my first swarm this year on May 12th.  I was scouting for turkeys 
when I came upon what must have been the prime swarm the week before.  The 
12th I came back to the wild hive site to find that another swarm had issued.  
I had to cut down two small trees to get them, but I did it!

The first tree came down too hard, and the bees lighted up in another tree.  
The second tree was much smaller, so I was able to control the fall, and bring 
the bees down gently.  I let them rest and tighten up until coming back after 
an hour when it was dark.  My hunting partner reluctantly agreed to help me 
get them into a pillowcase.  He thought this was the craziest thing he ever 
did, but figured if I didn't kill him with the mushrooms (morels) I cooked the 
week before, he could trust what I was saying about the bees.

I gave the bees to a nun that had lost hers from Varroa.  I'll be able to use 
her extractor in exchange.

Hopefully this will be the first swarm of many for me to catch in my life.

Dave


From ssilva@fc.hp.com Thu May 25 23:40:04 EDT 1995
Article: 1866 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ssilva@fc.hp.com (Steve Silva)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Brood Boxes and Supers FS in Northern CO
Date: 22 May 1995 20:27:57 GMT
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From snevel@crl.com Thu May 25 23:40:06 EDT 1995
Article: 1867 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: snevel@crl.com (Simeon Nevel)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: What exactly IS honey?
Date: 23 May 1995 19:40:53 -0700
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This may sound like the ULTIMATE of FAQs, but I really did chase down the 
beekeeping FAQ.....

My subject says it all.. Just what exactly is honey?

Is it some product excreted by the bees or something the bees collect?

Any answers would be greatly appreciated.

Simeon
-- 
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Finger me at <snevel@crl.com> for PGP key(s)


From healer@duncan.island.net Thu May 25 23:40:07 EDT 1995
Article: 1868 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!scipio.cyberstore.ca!vanbc.wimsey.com!news.bc.net!news.island.net!news.duncan.island.net!usenet
From: healer@duncan.island.net (Ronald Healy)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Stings and Blindness
Date: 23 May 1995 05:15:07 GMT
Organization: Island Internet
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In article <564034814wnr@longton.demon.co.uk>, "T. Alex. Shaw. BA(Hons" <alex@longton.demon.co.uk> says:
>
>I have kept bees for longer than I care to remember and on occassions 
>become rather careless and forget to wear my viel.   I mentioned this to 
>another experienced beekeeper recently and he said that a sting direct into 
>the eye would cause permanent blindness and that I should always wear it.   
>If this is so then, of course, he is right.   Does anyone know what the 
>risks are in relation to this please? 

This is a good question, so I thought I would answer back to the newsgroup
instead of by e-mail.  I am a physician and have treated many stings, 
>from  both honeybees and wasps, but I have never treated any kind of sting
directly to the eye itself.  If anyone out there has, I would be interested
in your experiences.  

I think that a sting to the eyeball could be quite serious, but would probably
depend on which part of the eye was penetrated, and the extent to which the
person reacted.  The conjunctiva is the clear membrane over the white part
of the eye, and a sting there would probably only result in some pretty 
impressive swelling, but likely no permanent damage.  A sting to the cornea,
the clear part covering the pupil and iris, however could result in scarring,
which could certainly impair the person's vision if it was in the 
line of sight.  If the sting resulted in venom being injected into the 
area behind the cornea, which contains a clear fluid, then I believe 
permanent blindness could occur.  Any sort of resulting reaction 
would result in a cloudiness to the fluid, which could be permanent.  
I would say that a sting to the eye *could* result in blindness, but not 
necessarily.

Do I wear my veil?  You bet I do.  I always get a very large local reaction
with each sting, and it isn't pleasant when it is on my face.

Take care

Ron. 


From Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com Thu May 25 23:40:08 EDT 1995
Article: 1869 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Mark Dillow <Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: First Swarm
Date: 24 May 1995 13:59:03 GMT
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One of my most interesting experiences was being in my bee yard 
when a swarm landed on the tree line behind my hives. I don't 
believe it issued from one of my hives, because there was only 
normal activity at the entrances. In any case, I can't think of 
an easier way to catch swarms than to have them come to you! 
Now if I can only figure out a way to train them to do so more 
often!

This brings a question to mind; has anyone had good results 
with swarm traps or bait hives?

Mark 



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu May 25 23:40:09 EDT 1995
Article: 1870 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: new ascii bee
Date: Mon, 22 May 1995 01:10:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950521205138339@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 48        


From: tlhesman@artsci.wustl.edu (Tina Louise Hesman)

Here's one that I whipped up when I was...uhhh...thinking up some ideas
for a paper due the next day...
                                  Tina

     %           %
         %           %
            %           %
               %          %
                 %          %
                   %          %                   :::
                    %          %                ::::::
                 %%%%%%  %%%%%%%%%            ::::::::
              %%%%%ZZZZ%%%%%%   %%%ZZZZ     ::::::::::         ::::::
             %%%ZZZZZ%%%%%%%%%%%%%%ZZZZZZ  :::::::::::    :::::::::::::::::
             ZZZ%ZZZ%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%ZZZZZZZ::::::::::***:::::::::::::::::::::
          ZZZ%ZZZZZZ%%%%%%%%%%%%%%ZZZZZZZZZ::::::***:::::::::::::::::::::::
        ZZZ%ZZZZZZZZZZ%%%%%%%%%%ZZZZZZ%ZZZZ:::***:::::::::::::::::::::::
       ZZ%ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ%%%%% %ZZZ:**::::::::::::::::::::::
      ZZ%ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ%%%%% | | %ZZZ *:::::::::::::::::::
      Z%ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%ZZZ::::::::::::::::::::::::::
       ZZZZZZZZZZZ%%%%%ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ%%%%:::ZZZZ:::::::::::::::::
         ZZZZ%%%%%ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ%%%%%ZZZ%%ZZZ%ZZ%%*:::::::::::
            ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ%%%%%%%%%ZZZZZZZZZZ%ZZ%:::*:::::::
            *:::%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%ZZZZZZZZZZ%%%*::::*::::
          *:::::::%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%ZZZZZ%%      *:::Z
         **:ZZZZ:::%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%ZZ      ZZZZZ
        *:ZZZZZZZ       %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%ZZZZ    ZZZZZZZ
       *::::ZZZZZZ         %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%ZZZZZZZ      ZZZ
        *::ZZZZZZ           Z%%%%%%%%%%%ZZZZZZZ%%
          ZZZZ              ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ%%%%%
                           %%%ZZZZZZZZZZZ%%%%%%%%
                          Z%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
                          ZZ%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
                          %ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
                          %%ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
                           %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
                            %%%%%%%%%%%%%
                             %%%%%%%%%
                              ZZZZ
                              ZZZ
                             ZZ
                            Z


Buzz is probably a copyright of Georgia Tech...but don't quote me on that!


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu May 25 23:40:10 EDT 1995
Article: 1871 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!news.iag.net!newsboy.utelfla.com!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Stings and Blindness
Date: Tue, 23 May 1995 14:45:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950523171552357@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
References: <3prl3f$ire@newsbf02.news.aol.com> <564034814wnr@longton.demon.co.uk>
Lines: 17        



P<>   (We opened one hive today that was a fireball!  The rest were just
 <>beautiful.  You work thirty hives with no stings, the thirty first stings
 <>you thirty times.  I had a new helper being broken in, and I thought I
 <>might lose him on the first day.)

Hello Mr. Pollinator,

If you can keep from smiling when they run you should do all right with
that new help. I once had one that wanted to work real bad and in time
was a good helper. A week or so after he started I got a call from my
insurance agent, and it seemed the first time he got stung he got
frightened and went to a doctor because he did swell a little and
of course I got the bill or my workman's comp got the bill.

                        ttul Andy-


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu May 25 23:40:11 EDT 1995
Article: 1872 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!news.iag.net!newsboy.utelfla.com!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Verroa and vestigial wing
Date: Tue, 23 May 1995 14:53:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950523171552358@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
References: <867573326wnr@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Lines: 12        



<>My colleague says that it is caused by a virus carried by verroa
<>mites.

 Yes, it is a virus, and a bad one at that. And yes that virus can be
found in the blood of varroa, but since varroa feed on bee's and in
the US most all bee's have the virus it is really a stretch to say
the virus is carried by the varroa. Bee's have had the symptoms of
this virus for as long as I can remember before they had any varroa.

                      ttul Andy-


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Thu May 25 23:40:12 EDT 1995
Article: 1873 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Pollination (fwd from bee-l)
Date: 24 May 1995 22:59:54 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
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NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

Date:         Wed, 24 May 1995 18:29:21 EDT
Subject:      Pollination

Hello All,
 I would like to call to everyone s attention a short article in
the May 23 Wall Street Journal (page B1) The headline is  The Buzz on
California s Weather:So Bad Even the Bees Have Been Idle   Some of the
quotes of interest are  The rain, wind and cold pounded budding crops in
the states prime growing areas.  But even more hurtful, say agricultural
experts, were the storms  impact on the states 500,000 commercial
beehives. ... Some 50 California crops, from almonds to pumpkins, rely on
bees....No bees-no fruits and nuts, says Mr. Mussen  (Eric Mussen, UC
Davis).  Now, we get to the good part..... according to Blue Diamond
Growers..., the state produced about 730 million pounds of the nuts
(almonds), which sold wholesale at $1.70 a pound.  This year, William
Wright, Blue Diamond s director of North American sales, predicts the crop
will drop to 430 million pounds and the wholesale price will shoot up to
$2.50 a pound. ... Same with Californias cherry production, which will
drop to about 550,000 boxes from 3.8 million boxes last year.   The bees
would have done their work if the weather cooperated, says James
Culbertson, manager of the California Cherry Advisory Board.

Well, I did the math on the California Almond crop alone.  In 1994 USING THE
ABOVE FIGURES the crop was worth 1.241 billion dollars wholesale.  This year
will be 166 million dollars less.  Fewer almonds, much higher prices to
consumers.  This is a good concrete example of  the value of pollination to the
US economy and I intend furnish the article to my senators and congressmen so
that they will hopefully keep it in the back of their (tiny) minds when
considering funding, or lack thereof, for our Bee Labs.

Patrick M O'Hearn 73203.610@COMPUSERVE.COM
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From meaderyman@delphi.com Thu May 25 23:40:13 EDT 1995
Article: 1874 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news2.near.net!news.delphi.com!usenet
From: Robert Allen Stevens <meaderyman@delphi.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Beekeeping  Suit Needed
Date: Wed, 24 May 95 20:17:34 -0500
Organization: Delphi (info@delphi.com email, 800-695-4005 voice)
Lines: 10
Message-ID: <xm68cOW.meaderyman@delphi.com>
References: <3p9be6$rmt@paperboy.ids.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1g.delphi.com
X-To: "johnwater@IDS.NET" <ids.net>

"johnwater@IDS.NET" <ids.net> writes:
 
>I need to replace a 1 piece pull over (not a button down) suit with
>canvas hat, & veil all attached like Dadant used to sell but seems to
>have discontinued.  Any ideas? Sources?  Help much appreciated!!
 
These pullovers are available from the Betterbee Beekeeping Supply Catalogue -
see ad in may Gleanings in Bee Culture  Calll 1-800- 632- 3379 for a  catalogu
I just moved 250 hives of bees using one - they are great for getting on and
offquickly. Betterbee has sold them for 15 years.


From ManChem@pop03.ny.us.ibm.net Thu May 25 23:40:14 EDT 1995
Article: 1875 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!uhog.mit.edu!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.starnet.net!wupost!howland.reston.ans.net!newsjunkie.ans.net!news-m01.ny.us.ibm.net!usenet
From: ManChem@pop03.ny.us.ibm.net (ManChem)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Mutations in my hive...
Date: 24 May 1995 04:49:38 GMT
Organization: American
Lines: 28
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I just destroyed a queen in one of my hives that seems to have been a 
rather bizarre mutation.  In early March I split some hives to increase 
my number of colonies and reduce swarming.  I live here in the New 
Orleans area and the weather is warm enough so we have early flowering to 
help these hives increase rapidly (and, I feed lots of sugar solution.)
Anyway, one of my hives produced a mutant queen who DID NOT have very 
desirable characteristics.  First she was pure beige in color.  NO 
stripes and most of her offspring were either lacking stripes or the 
stripes were very faint.  About half the drones had a large bright spot 
in the middle of each of their eyes (I have not idea if this affected 
their vision but I think it would since it looked like they were missing 
some of the eye rather than simply being colored white.)  On top of all 
this, the workers in the brood area distributed honey and pollen in a 
haphazard patter with the queen laying eggs randomly throughout the area. 
 Lastly, I do not think this colony would have produced a lot of noney 
since all my other splits have quite a bit of freshly drawn comb andhoney 
in the supers while this colony had very little.
  I am posting this since it is a curious experience and wonder if anyone 
else has seen anthing like this.  I have a background in biology and some 
genetics so this rather dramatic mutation (with apparently more than one 
characteristic changing) is very unusual.  Both physical and behavioral 
characteristics changed in just one generation.  
  (NOTE:  With all the deficiencies in this colony I doubt they would 
have survived but I chose to get rid of the queen before too many Drones 
would spread the deficient gene (or genes) in any other colonies.

Any comments?



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu May 25 23:40:15 EDT 1995
Article: 1876 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: What exactly IS honey?
Date: Wed, 24 May 1995 16:47:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950524171643364@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
References: <3pu6bl$8cd@crl8.crl.com>
Lines: 40        



S<>My subject says it all.. Just what exactly is honey?

S<>Is it some product excreted by the bees or something the bees collect?

Hello Simeon,

Honey is made by the bee's from nectar collected by them from the
flowers. The nectar is high in moisture when first collected and the
bee's reduce the nectar to Honey by evaporating the moisture. The bee's
bring the nectar to the hive in their honey bucket, and some enzymes
are naturally added to it.

The different flavor's of honey come from the different flowers the
bee's collect the nectar from. Orange Honey has the flavor and aroma
of the orange blossoms and is clear in color. Sweet Clover Honey is
also clear in color and has it's own flavor and aroma, sometimes the
flavor is almost cinnamon like. Wild Buckwheat honey is light amber
in color, and has a light musky aroma and a waxy flavor of old fashioned
Comb Honey.

  The color, aroma, and flavor of Honey varies from area to area and
most people develop a life long taste for the Honey they ate as
children. Most honey that is purchased at retail is a blend of several
mild flavored Honey's and for the real old fashioned honey you have to
find a beekeeper who will sell it fresh from the bee farm.

  All the beekeeper does to get the honey is remove it from the bee's,
leaving the bee's at the hive to make more honey. The honey comb is
sealed with a thin wax capping, the beekeeper removes this and extracts
the honey in a tank that spins the combs around speeding up the draining
process with out braking the honey comb that can be re-filled by the
bee's to store more honey in. He then may strain out any wax and let
the honey settle in a tank from which he will jar or can up the honey.
Some beekeepers heat the honey a little to speed up the process and if
the beekeeper is careful and uses a minimum of heat the honey will be
clean, clear, and a excellent addition to bread and food's of all
sorts.
                                ttul Andy-


From rshough@tasc.com Thu May 25 23:40:15 EDT 1995
Article: 1877 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!news.mathworks.com!uunet!in1.uu.net!newsserver.read.tasc.com!rshough.read.tasc.com!user
From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Heat Kills Vitamins & Enzymes in Honey?
Date: Tue, 23 May 1995 10:09:38 -0500
Organization: TASC
Lines: 58
Message-ID: <rshough-2305951009380001@rshough.read.tasc.com>
References: <3ph297$ciu@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rshough.read.tasc.com

In article <3ph297$ciu@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu>, rnoak@access.texas.gov
(Rita Pirone Noak) wrote:

>An article in "Eating Well" June 1995 titled "The beekeeper's palette"
>there is this fella in France, Grabriel Perronneau, who says that 
>"...Many American beekeepers heat their honey after extraction to delay 
>the natural crystallization process, which, depending on the honey, 
>starts a few weeks to a few years after bottling.  Perronneau scorns 
>the process because he says it destroys the vitamins and enzymes."
>
>Is this true?  What vitamins, what enzymes?

Rita - Yes, there are many vitamins and enzymes in honey, mostly
only in trace amounts, however. I don't have the detailed info
on hand. Part of the problem is that they vary depending upon
the nectar source that produced the honey.

Yes, *EXCESSIVE* heat will destroy them, but it is not a
black/white situation - it is a progressive sort of thing,
the longer the exposure, and the higher the heat, the more
things get clobbered. So, you can actually "spike" honey to
a surprisingly high heat, as long as you cool it off very
quickly (this "flash" process requires fancy equipment and
is generally beyond the capability of smaller operations).
You can safely heat honey some without causing any noticable
degredation (the purists will say that *any* heat damages the
honey.... I agree, but the amount of damage may be so subtle
that you can only detect it with advanced scientific
instruments... for my purposes, I call that level of
degredation "none")

There are two primary reasons for heating the honey (that
I'm aware of) - Warm honey is less viscous, so it is easier
to filter and bottle. The air bubbles will also settle out
more quickly. You don't really need very much heat to do this.
The other reason, as you mentioned, is to delay crystalization.
This requires more heat, and I generally don't do it, except
when I am making "creamed honey" (I heat the liquid honey prior
to introducing my seed - this is to eliminate any crystals
in the liquid honey, so that only the crystals from the seed
are present to start the creaming process).

Hope this is helpful info for you.....

Sincerely,
Rick Hough
rshough@tasc.com
a hobby beekeeper from NE Massachusetts (19 hives at the moment)

****************************************************
* Rick Hough             * email: rshough@tasc.com *
* TASC                   * Phone: (617) 942-2000   *
* 55 Walkers Brook Drive * FAX:   (617) 942-7100   *
* Reading, MA 01867      *                         *
****************************************************
SET DISCLAIMER ON
The above is my opinion. Similarity to anyone else's
opinion is pure coincidence.


From rshough@tasc.com Thu May 25 23:40:17 EDT 1995
Article: 1878 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!EU.net!uunet!newsserver.read.tasc.com!rshough.read.tasc.com!user
From: rshough@tasc.com (Rick Hough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: info  lbs vs. pails vs gallon
Date: Wed, 24 May 1995 13:00:05 -0500
Organization: TASC
Lines: 20
Message-ID: <rshough-2405951300050001@rshough.read.tasc.com>
References: <3pjjg1$1kg@enterprise.america.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: rshough.read.tasc.com

In article <3pjjg1$1kg@enterprise.america.com>, cris@america.com
(Christine) wrote:

>I am a little confused.  Could someone educate me as to the ratio of
>lbs vs. pails vs. gallons.  Someone ask me about 12 lbs.  of honey. 
>
>When I inquired about the 12 lbs.  the producer did not know what I 
>meant.  How much does 12 lbs equal to other weight measurements.  Also
>15 lbs.  Thanks!
>
>Christine

Sorry if this has already been answered - my news reader seems to be a bit
behind the times. I'm not absolutely sure on this, but my memory is that
a 5 gallon pail is 60 lbs, so that would mean that 12 lbs. is one gallon.
(I'm talking US measures, by the way!) That would also make 15 lbs.
equal to 1.25 gallons ( 5 quarts ).

Rick Hough, a hobby beekeeper from NE Massachusetts.
rshough@tasc.com


From ajdel@interramp.com Thu May 25 23:40:17 EDT 1995
Article: 1879 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!psinntp!psinntp!psinntp!psinntp!interramp.com!ip227.herndon2.va.interramp.com!ajdel
From: A. J. deLange <ajdel@interramp.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What exactly IS honey?
Date: 25 May 1995 12:03:38 GMT
Organization: Zeta Asociates, Inc.
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In article <3pveqv$sdo@uudell.us.dell.com> Mark Dillow,
Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com writes:
>I know that there are more learned folks than myself out there 
>that may be able to elaborate, but basically honey is that 
>substance that bees create from the nectar (normally) of 
>flowering plants.

That's 95% of the story. The plant nectar is essentially a
dilute soultion of sucrose in water, sucrose being the
familiar cane or beet sugar which is a disaccharide i.e.
each sucrose molecule consists of a glucose (dextrose,
corn sugar) molecule linked to a fructose (fruit sugar)
molecule. Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides i.e.
they contain a single hydrocarbon ring each. 

The "processing" done by the bees has 2 parts: inversion
and concentration. Inversion is breaking apart of the bond
that joins the glucose to the fructose. This is accelerated
by an enzyme (invertase) which is present in the bee's
saliva. Concentration is accomplished by moving air over
the cells in which the nectar is stored. This causes much of
the water to evaporate. Without checking in a book I think
the final water content is about 18%.

Thus honey is a concetrated soultion of invert sugar i.e.
a solution of fructose and glucose. There are, of course,
small amounts of lots of other substances which give
the honey its distinctive flavor, color and aroma. 

AJ
ajdel@interramp.com


From cid@magi.com Thu May 25 23:40:18 EDT 1995
Article: 1880 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: alt.agriculture.misc,alt.agriculture.fruit,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!hookup!interlog.com!news1.fonorola.net!fonorola!news!news
From: Christine Roedding <cid@magi.com>
Subject: WANTED MINATURE HEDGEHOGS (BREEDING STOCK)
Sender: news@magi.com
Message-ID: <D95BzD.IHv@magi.com>
Date: Thu, 25 May 1995 18:14:01 GMT
Nntp-Posting-Host: magi2p09.magi.com
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu alt.agriculture.misc:3045 alt.agriculture.fruit:373 sci.agriculture:4883 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:1880

We are looking to purchase one to two pairs of Hedge Hogs for breeding 
purposes. If any one has any information in regards to the above, 
please contact the writer forthwith.

Thanking you in advance,
K. Richard McIntyre

Bus: (519) 284-0716
Email: glocap@magi.com



From ricks@mathworks.com Thu May 25 23:40:21 EDT 1995
Article: 1881 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!news.iag.net!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news.mathworks.com!NewsWatcher!user
From: ricks@mathworks.com (Rick Spada)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: First Swarm
Date: 24 May 1995 23:35:39 GMT
Organization: The MathWorks, Inc.
Lines: 25
Message-ID: <ricks-2405951934380001@144.212.1.111>
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NNTP-Posting-Host: rspada.mathworks.com

In article <3pve37$sdo@uudell.us.dell.com>, Mark Dillow
<Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com> wrote:

> This brings a question to mind; has anyone had good results 
> with swarm traps or bait hives?

I can't speak from experience, but recently at the Norfolk County
Beekeepers Association in Massachusetts, we had a guest speaker from
Springfield, MA who did use traps and bait hives with very good success.

What he did was to place pheremone traps and a baited hive in a bush
(honeysuckle I believe) in his apiary.  Nine out of ten times, the bees
would swarm to the bait hive, or to the bush.  He would take the hive that
had just swarmed, move it, install a new hive in its location, and then
install the swarm into the new hive.  He claimed that in addition to the
swarm, he would also recover any workers out in the field.

-- Rick

__ Rick Spada _______________________ ricks@mathworks.com __
     The MathWorks, Inc.               info@mathworks.com
     24 Prime Park Way           http://www.mathworks.com
     Natick, MA 01760-1500              ftp.mathworks.com
__ Tel: 508-653-1415 ___ Fax: 508-653-2997 _________________



From anthony@iet.hist.no Thu May 25 23:40:23 EDT 1995
Article: 1882 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!uhog.mit.edu!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!usc!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!pipex!sunic!sunic.sunet.se!trane.uninett.no!astfgl.idb.hist.no!ans27.elektro.tih.no!anthony
From: anthony@iet.hist.no (ANTHONY MORGAN)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Paraffin wax dipping?
Date: Tue, 23 May 1995 10:14:04 GMT
Organization: Sor-Trondelag College, Norway
Lines: 6
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Message-ID: <anthony.4.2FC1B56C@iet.hist.no>
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X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev A]

Hei!
I seem to have missed something here! Why dip in paraffin wax?
The technique seems to be unknown in this part of the world.

cheers
Tony Morgan.


From bkaugust@facstaff.wisc.edu Thu May 25 23:40:26 EDT 1995
Article: 1883 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!gw2.att.com!gw1.att.com!fnnews.fnal.gov!uwm.edu!newsspool.doit.wisc.edu!news.doit.wisc.edu!news
From: bkaugust@facstaff.wisc.edu (Ben August)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: pollen for human consumption
Date: 24 May 1995 23:53:50 GMT
Organization: University of Wisconsin, Madison
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could someone please comment on the benefits, or drawbacks to using bee 
collected pollen as a human food supplement.

Thanks - bkaugust@facstaff.wisc.edu



From ringetringetame@mind.net Thu May 25 23:40:29 EDT 1995
Article: 1884 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Stings and Blindness
Date: Wed, 24 May 1995 22:15:04
Organization: InfoStructure
Lines: 38
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In article <564034814wnr@longton.demon.co.uk> "T. Alex. Shaw. BA(Hons" <alex@longton.demon.co.uk> writes:
>Path: rainrgnews0!psgrain!news.sprintlink.net!demon!longton.demon.co.uk!alex
>From: "T. Alex. Shaw. BA(Hons" <alex@longton.demon.co.uk>
>Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
>Subject: Stings and Blindness
>Date: 21 May 1995 21:31:37 +0100
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>X-Posting-Host: longton.demon.co.uk


>I have kept bees for longer than I care to remember and on occassions 
>become rather careless and forget to wear my viel.   I mentioned this to 
>another experienced beekeeper recently and he said that a sting direct into 
>the eye would cause permanent blindness and that I should always wear it.   
>If this is so then, of course, he is right.   Does anyone know what the 
>risks are in relation to this please? 


>--

>                                                                    Alex.

>/*  What kind of person uses a language that gives a clean compile on:
>    for(;P("\n"),R-;P("|"))for(e=C;e-:P("_"+(*u++/8)%2))P("|"+(*u/4)%2); */
>                                                                  

> 

Naw it wont make ya blind, just mad as heck. Why I was stung in the right eye 
and I am not blind.  signed,  Lefty


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Thu May 25 23:40:31 EDT 1995
Article: 1885 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mutations in my hive...
Date: 25 May 1995 05:34:36 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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A related question....

This morning I was hiving a swarm and upon close observation (I was 
looking for the queen) noticed a very strange looking worker crawling 
around with the rest of them.  She/It had no abdomen.  It had the head and 
thorax of a worker, and six legs, but where the abdomen should have been 
connected, this bee just ended.  She was walking around like the rest of 
them and didn't seem harmed or in any distress.  I watched her for a 
while to see if I'd somehow cleanly crushed the abdomen off of her during 
the hiving process.  This didn't appear to be the case.  Any comments on 
this one?

Dave 


From Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com Thu May 25 23:40:34 EDT 1995
Article: 1886 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!news.dell.com!news
From: Mark Dillow <Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: What exactly IS honey?
Date: 24 May 1995 14:11:43 GMT
Organization: Dell Computer Corporation
Lines: 13
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References: <3pu6bl$8cd@crl8.crl.com>
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I know that there are more learned folks than myself out there 
that may be able to elaborate, but basically honey is that 
substance that bees create from the nectar (normally) of 
flowering plants. 

This transformation from nectar to honey is brought about by 
the addition of enzymes by the bees, and then the evaporation 
of much of the water content. This evaporation 
(or curing) of the honey is accomplished after the nectar is 
deposited in a cell of the comb. 

Mark 



From cwu122@alf.usask.ca Thu May 25 23:40:35 EDT 1995
Article: 1887 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!decwrl!tribune.usask.ca!alf.usask.ca!cwu122
From: cwu122@alf.usask.ca (Chris Warren Uhl)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Q: When a bee is killed
Date: 25 May 1995 06:13:01 GMT
Organization: University of Saskatchewan
Lines: 26
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NNTP-Posting-Host: alf.usask.ca
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

  I have a question to bee professionals:

  I had the window open in my house, and a big huge bumble bee came buzzing
in. To be honest, I was freaked. I got a fly-swatter and killed it. Since
the killing (almost two weeks ago) our house has been frequented by bees
(more than can be explained by coincidence). Two bees have entered the house
through the dryer duct, and we've had three near misses at the front door.

  I had heard somewhere that if you kill a bee, it sends out a special scent
that causes other bees to come and help out the injured bee. (This is the
only logical explination for me.) My family doesn't 'bee'lieve such a story.
(Sorry, had to get that out :-) I was wondering if someone can confirm this.

  You may respond here, but I would appreciate if you'd forward a copy to me
at chris.uhl@usask.ca.

  Thanks a bunch! CU

--
 _____________________________________________________________________
[ Chris Uhl (Saskatoon, SK, Canada)        | Encrypted mail preferred.] 
[ Internet: <cwu122@cs.usask.ca>           | PGP Public Key available ] 
[ Fidonet:  <1:140/191>                    | by fingering me          ] 
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[ Key fingerprint =  9E 29 8E DE A8 57 8D 49  8D AE 86 2D D2 40 DA 4D ]
[_____________________________________________________________________] 


From pollinator@aol.com Sun May 28 16:56:21 EDT 1995
Article: 1888 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: First Swarm
Date: 25 May 1995 23:31:55 -0400
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Mark Dillow <Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com>

>This brings a question to mind; has anyone had good results 
with swarm traps or bait hives?

   If you have empty hives, stack them on the highest thing you can
conveniently use.  Tall stacks of supers can work too, if you put a cover
on top, and leave an opening somewhere.

   I caught 11 swarms this spring, which is the best I've had in several
years. The last year before tracheal mite, I caught almost a hundred (I
believe it was '86 or '87), and almost all of them were black bees from
the river swamps.  The black bees are almost gone now.

   Of this year's 11, I think 2 were of my own stock, indicating there are
still some wild bees out there, but not many.  I am saving several without
mite treatment to watch for potential resistance.

Pollinator@aol.com        Dave Green   PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC   29554


Pollinator@aol.com                                   Dave Green
Dave's Pollination Service         Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC    29554


From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Sun May 28 16:56:22 EDT 1995
Article: 1889 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mutations in my hive...
Date: 26 May 1995 12:07:53 +0100
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Loosing an abdomen is somewhat difficult as there is too much plumbing there 
that is needed to keep the bee alive.  I suggest that what you saw is 
the remains of a wasps meal.

Several years ago I witnessed a queen wasp regularly visiting the front 
of one of my hives, she would catch a worker, cut off the abdomen and 
fly off with it leaving the thorax and head to walk back into the hive!

Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
Technology Management Ltd
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)



From knapper@bga.com Sun May 28 16:56:23 EDT 1995
Article: 1890 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: knapper@bga.com (Woodrow W. Baker)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Hive Euthanasia
Date: 25 May 1995 22:21:58 GMT
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Joyce Deming (jdeming@delphi.com) wrote:
: Can anyone tell me the best way to "dispatch" a hive?  We have a hive

Get a couple of pounds of DRY ICE, preferably in granules.  At night, 
seal the front opening of the hive up, so there is an opening just big enough
to stick the bee smoker in, and smoke the heck out of the hive.  After 
the smoke has worked, open the top. drop in the dry ice, seal the top and the
opening and just let it set.  The dry ice will really drop the temp to below
freezing, and if properly sealed, will ultimatly suffocate the bees.  Dry 
ice is carbon dioxide, which is heavier than air, and will displace it.

Cheers
Woody

: queen is more than we care to deal with.  We popped the lid a few days

If you can lower the temp sufficiently, you should have virtually 
paralized bees, and might be able to find the queen.

Cheers
Woody

--
Woody Baker Postscript consultant/ hired software gun /flintknapper
knapper@bga.com        woody@knapper.cactus.org
"If you ain't bleedin' you ain't knappin'" -->go ahead, ask me!


From PDZH97A@prodigy.com Sun May 28 16:56:24 EDT 1995
Article: 1891 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: PDZH97A@prodigy.com (Rick Guttery)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bait hive help needed
Date: 26 May 1995 16:31:43 GMT
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Hello all, I have abait hive and need to get the pheremone lure for them. 
I have try the maker of one, but there 800 number is not in use and could 
not find a reg. phone number. Anyone know where I can get a lure at? Any 
help would 'bee' grateful.      Rick



From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Sun May 28 16:56:25 EDT 1995
Article: 1892 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: queenright?
Date: 25 May 1995 10:22:51 +0100
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You give a number of pointers to the state of your hive but do not 
mention SOUND.  Listness, running etc can be genetic but a colony that 
is happy will sound happy, one with problems has a higher pitch and one 
that is definately unhappy....

If the colony has a virgin or mated queen that is not laying it will 
sound reasonably happy, you could always place a frame of 
healthy eggs/young larva into it and monitor the reaction.

Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
Technology Management Ltd
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)



From bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca Sun May 28 16:56:26 EDT 1995
Article: 1893 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bill fernihough <bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mutations in my hive...
Date: 26 May 1995 04:57:53 GMT
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Heavens, you should have caught it, heck, no stinger either!




From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Sun May 28 16:56:27 EDT 1995
Article: 1894 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mutations in my hive...
Date: 26 May 1995 05:01:27 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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bill fernihough (bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca) wrote:
: Heavens, you should have caught it, heck, no stinger either!

I know, I know.... but the damned thing looked so ridiculous...  I 
couldn't bring myself to bother it.  I figured it had enough problems.  
Besides, maybe it had teeth...

Dave


From westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov Sun May 28 16:56:28 EDT 1995
Article: 1895 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov (Doug Westphal)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Queen excluder too small?
Date: 25 May 1995 16:30:26 GMT
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-- 
Doug Westphal
Ben Lomond, CA
-- 
Douglas (Doug) L. Westphal              NASA Ames Research Center, MS 245-5
westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov              Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Branch
ph: (415) 604-3522 fax: 604-3625        Moffett Field, CA 94035


From westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov Sun May 28 16:56:30 EDT 1995
Article: 1896 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov (Doug Westphal)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Queen excluder too small? (second try)
Date: 25 May 1995 16:42:40 GMT
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(sorry for the first empty post)

Hello,

A couple of weeks ago I added a super to my hive.
It has a hive body and super for the brood chamber and
most of the 20 frames are now covered with bees.

I put an excluder below the new super when I added it.
It is an all-metal excluder, made of heavy-guage wire.
(It looks like a oven rack.)
Two weeks later there isn't much activity in the new super.
Some frames had new foundation and those haven't been drawn.
And not much nectar is apparent. Not many bees in it either.
(Maybe there isn't much nectar right now, but I see blossoms
on different trees and the berries are blossoming now.)

I looked at my excluder and noticed that the workers have
difficulty passing through it. Some bees look like they are
stuck.

My reference (ABC-XYZ's of Beekeeping) says that the proper
spacing is 0.165 inches. I checked mine and the spacing is
anywhere from 0.158 to 0.161 inches. (I used a caliper and
checked many different locations.)

Questions:

1. What is the proper spacing? Does anyone know if the small
difference (0.005 inches) could be enough to keep workers
>from  freely passing back and forth?

2. Has anyone ever watched their bees passing through the 
excluder? Do they pass freely, or do they have to fight
their way through?

Another question:

Why do several hundred bees park on the landing board and
just above on the face of the hive overnight when the
temperature is 50-55C? Is it too crowded inside? I looked
in the entrance and it does look packed except along
the north side of the hive.

I wonder if adding the super with the restricting excluder
has not alleviated the crowding and they have to sleep
outside cause there is no room at the inn?


Thanks in advance for answering these newbie questions.

-- 
Doug Westphal
Ben Lomond, CA
-- 
Doug Westphal
Ben Lomond, CA
-- 
Douglas (Doug) L. Westphal              NASA Ames Research Center, MS 245-5
westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov              Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Branch
ph: (415) 604-3522 fax: 604-3625        Moffett Field, CA 94035


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Sun May 28 16:56:31 EDT 1995
Article: 1897 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mutations in my hive...
Date: 27 May 1995 09:14:45 GMT
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K.J.M.Hooker (khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk) wrote:
: Loosing an abdomen is somewhat difficult as there is too much plumbing there 
: that is needed to keep the bee alive.  I suggest that what you saw is 
: the remains of a wasps meal.

: Several years ago I witnessed a queen wasp regularly visiting the front 
: of one of my hives, she would catch a worker, cut off the abdomen and 
: fly off with it leaving the thorax and head to walk back into the hive!


This sounds quite plausible since there are queen yellowjackets pestering 
the hives.  Thanks for the info.

Dave


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Sun May 28 16:56:32 EDT 1995
Article: 1898 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bait hive help needed
Date: 27 May 1995 09:25:31 GMT
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Rick Guttery (PDZH97A@prodigy.com) wrote:
: Hello all, I have abait hive and need to get the pheremone lure for them. 
: I have try the maker of one, but there 800 number is not in use and could 
: not find a reg. phone number. Anyone know where I can get a lure at? Any 
: help would 'bee' grateful.      Rick

Sure, Brushy Mountain has them.  They can be reached at 800/233-7929.

You can also get them from Dr Orely (spelling?) Taylor at the University 
of Kansas, in Lawrence, KA.  (Sorry, I don't have the number but you can 
get it via information at the appropriate area code.)  The proceeds from 
his sales fund a student apicultural program of some sort.


If you get the ones from Brushy Mountain, they are packaged in a tin foil 
wrapper - you can use the wrapper as a lure too!  


Dave.  


P.S. you probably know this, but be sure to check your traps regularly.  
Once a swarm moves in they'll fill it up very rapidly - and it will get 
heavy pretty quickly.  This also has ramifications for where you place them.



From glhat@ihug.co.nz Sun May 28 16:56:33 EDT 1995
Article: 1899 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: glhat@ihug.co.nz (Terry Gosset)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Stings and Blindness
Date: 27 May 1995 13:31:49 GMT
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In article <ringetringetame.82.001640F7@mind.net>, ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget) says:
>
>In article <564034814wnr@longton.demon.co.uk> "T. Alex. Shaw. BA(Hons" <alex@longton.demon.co.uk> writes:
>>Path: rainrgnews0!psgrain!news.sprintlink.net!demon!longton.demon.co.uk!alex
>>From: "T. Alex. Shaw. BA(Hons" <alex@longton.demon.co.uk>
>>Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
>>Subject: Stings and Blindness
>>Date: 21 May 1995 21:31:37 +0100
>>Organization: At home in the North Midlands, UK
>>Lines: 18
>>Sender: news@news.demon.co.uk
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>>Reply-To: alex@longton.demon.co.uk
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>>post.demon.co.uk
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>>X-Posting-Host: longton.demon.co.uk
>
>
>>I have kept bees for longer than I care to remember and on occassions 
>>become rather careless and forget to wear my viel.   I mentioned this to 
>>another experienced beekeeper recently and he said that a sting direct into 
>>the eye would cause permanent blindness and that I should always wear it.   
>>If this is so then, of course, he is right.   Does anyone know what the 
>>risks are in relation to this please? 
>
>
>>--
>
>>                                                                    Alex.
>
>>/*  What kind of person uses a language that gives a clean compile on:
>>    for(;P("\n"),R-;P("|"))for(e=C;e-:P("_"+(*u++/8)%2))P("|"+(*u/4)%2); */
>>                                                                  
>
>> 
>
>Naw it wont make ya blind, just mad as heck. Why I was stung in the right eye 
>and I am not blind.  signed,  Lefty


I have been stung at least three times in the eye. The only thing that happened to me is a bloody painful eye.
Terry


From djt@dolphin.upenn.edu Sun May 28 16:56:34 EDT 1995
Article: 1900 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: djt@dolphin.upenn.edu (David J Trickett)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Queen excluder too small? (second try)
Date: 26 May 1995 04:27:20 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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Doug Westphal (westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov) wrote:
: A couple of weeks ago I added a super to my hive.
: It has a hive body and super for the brood chamber and
: most of the 20 frames are now covered with bees.

I don't know when your honeyflow begins or whether it is short/long 
intermittent, but in general, 1 deep and 1 super for brood space is 
insufficient.  I operate with *3* deeps as brood chambers (for honey 
production - not pollination), in a section of Philadelphia heavily 
planted with gardens and trees.  The nectar flow is heavy from April 
through mid-june, and then continuous but lighter through the summer due 
to all the gardening.  Having very large hives works well here and 
I'm averaging over 200 lbs/hive.  The point is that excluder questions aside, 
you probably need more space anyway.  


: I looked at my excluder and noticed that the workers have
: difficulty passing through it. Some bees look like they are
: stuck.

I think that's your answer.  (I'd run outside and measure an excluder, 
but it's thunderstorming)


: 1. What is the proper spacing? Does anyone know if the small
: difference (0.005 inches) could be enough to keep workers
: from freely passing back and forth?

: 2. Has anyone ever watched their bees passing through the 
: excluder? Do they pass freely, or do they have to fight
: their way through?

They shouldn't have to fight through.  They can pass freely, but it looks
like it's a bit of a pain for them.  Many beekeepers regard excluders as a
hindrance.  I tend to shy away from them and use a honey-full super as a
queen barrier instead.  You can also put an auger hole in the first super
above the excluder. 

: Why do several hundred bees park on the landing board and
: just above on the face of the hive overnight when the
: temperature is 50-55C? Is it too crowded inside? 

Assuming you meant 50-55 *F*  yes, it is too crowded inside.


: I wonder if adding the super with the restricting excluder
: has not alleviated the crowding and they have to sleep
: outside cause there is no room at the inn?


It sounds like things are pretty crowded in there. 
I'd recommend immediately adding a second deep to your hive.


Dave


From moroney@world.std.com Sun May 28 16:56:35 EDT 1995
Article: 1901 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: Stings and Blindness
Message-ID: <-K1nlaE96ZA7079yn@world.std.com>
Sender: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
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Date: Thu, 25 May 1995 05:27:26 GMT
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> I have kept bees for longer than I care to remember and on occassions 
> become rather careless and forget to wear my viel.   I mentioned this to 
> another experienced beekeeper recently and he said that a sting direct into 
> the eye would cause permanent blindness and that I should always wear it. 
>  
> If this is so then, of course, he is right.   Does anyone know what the 
> risks are in relation to this please? 

I almost found out the hard way the answer.  I had one hive that was
particularly nasty, and while working it one day (to replace the queen
with a hopefully nicer one!) my veil wasn't on quite tight and a few
of the buggers managed to get in.  (talk about a bee in your bonnet!)
I couldn't take it off because with the cloud of nasties buzzing around
and crawling on me I'd probably wind up with more.  Some stung ears etc.,
some I killed by squishing in the veil before they got the chance (alarm
scent? My clothes were already covered in stingers!) but one went right for
my eye.  I saw it coming and closed the eye and it got me right on the eyelid.
It hurt like heck for a little while and swelled up quite a bit but I was
thanking my lucky stars it wasn't the eye itself.

-Mike


From larryk@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu Sun May 28 16:56:36 EDT 1995
Article: 1902 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: larryk@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu (LA Kellogg lawrence a 2023833558)
Subject: Supering question
Message-ID: <D97EzJ.KMn@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu>
Organization: Johns Hopkins Continuing Professional Programs
Date: Fri, 26 May 1995 21:14:06 GMT
Lines: 13

  I have a question about supering. I have a colony that has drawn and capped  
two shallow supers. I gave them a deep (foundation) last week and they have 
drawn it and filled it with nectar. My question..Should I give them a shallow 
(foundation again) and see if they'll draw it or should I leave them alone to 
make sure they cap the deep. I want to harvest the deep and two shallows.I'm 
in Silver Spring, MD and I think the honey flow should be ending soon...but I'm 
not sure what to do. Any help would be appreciated.

  Regards,

     Larry Kellogg




From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun May 28 16:56:37 EDT 1995
Article: 1903 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Ancient bee bacteria
Date: Sat, 27 May 1995 00:56:00 GMT
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*ripped off b-list*
                    ----------------------------------------
From: Jane Beckman <jane@SWDC.STRATUS.COM>
Date:         Fri, 26 May 1995 09:28:23 PDT
Subject:      Ancient bee bacteria

I haven't seen this one mentioned here, so I thought I'd pass it on.
What sorts of diseases did it protect against?  Could it have any value
to modern bees?

Jane B.

--------

A bacteria that hibernated as a spore for  at  least  25  million
years  is  awake and thriving after researchers recovered it from
the gut of a bee that had been preserved in amber.  Raul J.  Cano
of  California  Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo, said the
bacteria makes a natural antibiotic that  kills  other  bacteria,
helping  to keep the bee hive free of disease. This natural anti-
biotic is now being analyzed for possible use in medicine.  (AP)


From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Sun May 28 16:56:38 EDT 1995
Article: 1904 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Newly mated queens
Message-ID: <D98xto.GL2@nntpa.cb.att.com>
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Several weeks ago, I started to make a new queen by putting a couple 
of frames with eggs into a nuc box.
Two weeks ago I saw what I thought was the queen but she hadn't started
to lay yet. All of the brood had emerged. 
Today at hign noon, with no smoke, I openned it again,  (4X)
I did not see the queen but I did see eggs and some other STRANGE things!
First I should say that the bees were very content! (Red pollen again!)

1 There were three queen cells with two and three eggs inside.
2 There were some cells with two or three eggs inside.
3 There were cells with eggs attached to the very bottom but at the sides.
  Some eggs where not at the bottom but half way up an the sides.
4 There were many many cells where the egg was perfectly 
  centered as they should be.
5 There where eggs outside the pollen/honey band.

I am assuming that there is a mated queen, she just has not got her act 
together or shall I assume a laying worker.
I guess I will really know a week from now as the cells get capped.
Any one ever see this before?
Dave Verville  New Hampshire USA
att!mvtowers!mvdfv


From ajdel@interramp.com Sun May 28 16:56:39 EDT 1995
Article: 1905 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: A. J. deLange <ajdel@interramp.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Newly mated queens
Date: 28 May 1995 01:15:19 GMT
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In article <D98xto.GL2@nntpa.cb.att.com> -verville d.f.,
mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com writes:
>Several weeks ago, I started to make a new queen by putting a couple 
>of frames with eggs into a nuc box.
>Two weeks ago I saw what I thought was the queen but she hadn't started
>to lay yet. All of the brood had emerged. 
>Today at hign noon, with no smoke, I openned it again,  (4X)
>I did not see the queen but I did see eggs and some other STRANGE things!
>First I should say that the bees were very content! (Red pollen again!)
>
>1 There were three queen cells with two and three eggs inside.
>2 There were some cells with two or three eggs inside.
>3 There were cells with eggs attached to the very bottom but at the sides.
>  Some eggs where not at the bottom but half way up an the sides.
>4 There were many many cells where the egg was perfectly 
>  centered as they should be.
>5 There where eggs outside the pollen/honey band.
>
>I am assuming that there is a mated queen, she just has not got her act 
>together or shall I assume a laying worker.
>I guess I will really know a week from now as the cells get capped.
>Any one ever see this before?
>Dave Verville  New Hampshire USA
>att!mvtowers!mvdfv

I'm very new to this so that what I'm going to say is "book learnin' but 
1,2,3, and 5 all sound like the activities of a laying worker. The good
news
is the multiplicity of cells with a properly placed egg. This is
undoubtedly 
the work of a normal queen. Were these placed more recently than the 
multiple/irregular eggs? The other good news is that the bees are
"content"
by which I assume that you mean that their activities are normal. This is
another sign that a normal queen is in residence.

AJ
ajdel@interramp.com
a normal queen


From bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca Sun May 28 16:56:40 EDT 1995
Article: 1906 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bill fernihough <bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Supering question
Date: 27 May 1995 13:20:20 GMT
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Leave them alone and let them cap the deep super.  First, they won't cap 
it until it is ready, that is, until they have driven off the excess 
moisture from the nectar, making honey.  This is what you want I 
beleive.  Second, if the honey flow stops before they cap it all, they 
may not finish it, so be ready for that.
It seems strange that you are looking forward to the end of your honey 
flow so soon, ours has not yet started.  Some flow should go on all 
year, and so you may want to keep a super over them.
Are you using a queen excluder?  If so, don't put a super of foundation 
directly over the excluder, they won't go into it.  Always put drawn 
empty comb over the excluder, put foundation above this as they need it.




From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Mon May 29 21:47:31 EDT 1995
Article: 1907 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Newly mated queens
Date: 29 May 1995 11:41:15 +0100
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>From  your comments/analysis of the bees I think you have a laying 
worker for the following reasons:

1.  Unless your two frames of eggs for the nuc were liberally covered with 
nurse bees and more added to the nuc box your chances of raising a 
good queen successfully were marginal from the outset.

2.  A nuc taken from a queenright hive can and does produce laying 
workers quicker than a queen.

3.  You mention seeing a number of eggs in 'queen cells' but do not 
state if royal jelly was present.  I assume it was not as this is the 
situation I have observed.  These eggs will be the product of a laying 
worker.

4.  Laying workers can and do lay in the base of a cell, the tell-tale 
clue to their presence is the ones they lay part way up the cell.  A 
full queen can not achieve laying part way up a cell.

Solution - 

1.  Either destroy the nuc or throw the contents into a 
swarm before running into a hive.

2.  Raise queens in large healthy colonies, putting the laying 
queen in a spare nuc or box for safety, or give the colony a second 
brood box with a few frames of eggs over a queen excluder over the 
supers over the original brood box with its queen, and with a top entrance.

Have fun - but remember bees cannot read.

Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
Technology Management Ltd
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)



From 74134.2617@compuserve.com Mon May 29 21:47:34 EDT 1995
Article: 1908 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping Yellow Pages 5/95
Date: 29 May 1995 02:26:03 GMT
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BEEKEEPING YELLOW PAGES MAY 1995 ISSUE

Copyright 1995 by Stan G. Kain All rights reserved.  No part of this book,
in whole or in part,  may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means without the express permission of the author.

published by Eskay Information Services 763 East 420th Road Bolivar, MO
65613 Voice/Fax (417)777-4014

A s the computer age and online information services rapidly grow, the
need to  know electronic mail addresses has become essential.  One can
find some sort of "electronic address book" for nearly any specialty field
of study, as well as several general purpose books.  One can even obtain
facsimile "address books" for that method of communication.  In fact, most
of us rely upon some sort of electronic communication in our daily lives.

A s I began writing Information Highway articles for agricultural
interests, the need for some sort of address book became apparent.  My
computer access features in BEE CULTURE magazine have elicited more
positive response than I had imagined possible.  Beekeepers, both
hobbyists and commercial; pollinators, researchers, manufacturers and
government agencies all expressed interest in an address book for
apiculture.  I not only received requests by electronic mail, but by
written post, telephone calls and fax comments.

T he positive response to my computer related articles offered me the
challenge to compile a "Beekeeping Yellow Pages."  My initial plan to
compile only a list of electronic mail addresses was quickly set aside
because of the fax and postal replies.  While a more difficult task, I
felt compelled to develop an address book offering postal addresses,
electronic mail, fax and telephone contact information.  I also decided
that by offering information as to the interests and expertise of entries
would permit users to locate others with similar interests.

Y ou now possess the first edition of the "Beekeeping Yellow Pages."  This
is the beginning of what I believe will become an essential reference to
all those concerned with facets of apiculture.  As is the case of any
reference document of this nature, your participation will determine the
future value of the address book.

A re you listed in the "Beekeeping Yellow Pages?"  Is your information
current?  Do you know someone else who should be listed?  Your
participation is essential if this address book is to serve a useful
purpose.  Your inclusion in the "Yellow Pages" is free of charge.  I only
request that you advise me of any changes in information.  If you would
like to be included, or know someone who would, please contact me with the
following details:

NAME:  POSTAL ADDRESS:  TELEPHONE NUMBER:  FAX NUMBER:  ELECTRONIC MAIL
ADDRESS:  INTERESTS:  EXPERTISE:

Y ou may supply any or all of the information indicated above.  The more
complete your input, the more helpful we will find the address book to
be.  I also request that you reply to queries from other "Yellow Pages"
users.  Let's assist each other in our beekeeping endeavors.

A t this time, the "Beekeeping Yellow Pages" will be made available in
several ways. An annual update will be made available to a national
beekeeping magazine.  Likewise, an annual update will be available to
users of several online computer user groups involved with beekeeping
interests.  A hardcopy book, such as this one, will be available and
updated quarterly.  The hardcopy book may be ordered directly from the
author or publisher.  You may contact the author at the address shown
below for details on purchasing a copy.

I thank you for obtaining and using the "Beekeeping Yellow Pages."  I ask
for your continued support in building a bigger and better reference book
for the world of apiculture.

Best Wishes,




FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, CONTACT:  Stan G. Kain 763 East 420th Road
Bolivar, MO 65613 Voice/Fax: (417)777-4014 Email: stankain@delphi.com
CompuServe I.D.: 74134,2617
























APICULTURAL INSPECTORS / GOVERNMENT AGENCIES

AFRICA No Listings at this time

ASIA No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND VAN EATON, CLIFF Ministry of Agriculture and
Fisheries MAF Quality Management Private bag Tauranga, New Zealand Email:
vaneatonc@tauranga.mafqual.govt.nz Interests: Kiwi Fruit, Writing, Bee
Diseases, Certifications, Bee Consulting Expertise: Apicultural Advisory
Officer; Familiar with Viet Nam, Solomon Islands and New Guinea.

CANADA CLARK, KERRY British Columbian Ministry of Agriculture 1201 103rd
Avenue Dawson Creek, B.C. V1G 4J2 Canada Voice: (604)784-2225 Fax:
(604)784-2299 Expertise: Extension & Regulatory activities.  Research on
Tracheal Mites & recommendations for Varroa Control.  Apicultural
Specialist.

GATES, JOHN British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Fish & Food 4607
23rd Street Vernon, B.C., Canada V1T 4K7 Voice: (604)549-5580 Fax:
(604)549-5488 Email: jgates@galaxy.gov.bc.ca Interests: Extension
Services, Disease Monitoring, Field Research and Pollination Advice
Expertise: Apicultural Specialist

KEATING, PETER JOHN 426, Rang 3 St-Prime, Quebec G0W 2W0 Canada Voice:
(418)251-MIEL Fax: (418)679-2011 Expertise: Technical Advisor to group of
commercial beekeepers in Quebec.  This group maintains 40% of the colonies
in Quebec.  Advises group regarding new techniques, diseases, and
production of quality products.

VAN WESTENDORP, PAUL Provincial Apiarist British Columbia Ministry of
Agriculture, Fisheries & Food 17720 - 57th Avenue Surrey, B.C. V3S 4P9
Canada Email: pvanwesten@galaxy.gov.bc.ca

EUROPE No listings at this time

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA No listings at this time

MIDDLE EAST No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - EAST BAILEY, KENNETH W.  Cumberland County Center P.O. Box
270 Fayetteville, NC 28302-0270 Voice: (910)484-7156 Fax: (910)484-4255
Email: kbailey@cumberla.ces.ncsu.edu Expertise: N.C. Cooperative Extension
Service Assistant Agricultural Extension Agent; Commercial Horticulture,
Beekeeping

BONNEY, RICHARD E.  Entomology Department Fernald Hall, Umass Amherst, MA
01003-2410 Email: rebon@ent.umass.edu Voice: (413)545-1257 Fax:
(413)545-2115 Expertise: Extension Specialist, Extension Apiculturist,
Teaching, Writing, Publishing

WHITE, BLAINE State Apiary Inspector Minnesota Department of Agriculture
Division of Plant Protection 90 West Plato Boulevard St. Paul, MN 55107
Voice: (612)296-0591 Fax: (612)296-7386 Email:
bwhite@mda-is.mda.state.mn.us Expertise: Apiary Inspection


UNITED STATES - WEST No listings at this time



APICULTURAL ORG. / CLUBS / OFFICERS

AFRICA No listings at this time

ASIA No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND No listings at this time

CANADA CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF PROFESSIONAL APICULTURISTS C/O P. van
Westendorp, Secretary 17720 - 57th Avenue Surrey, B.C. V3S 4P9 Canada

CHAPLEAU, JEAN-PIERRE 1982, rang 8, St. Adrien, Quebec, Canada J0A 1C0
Voice: (819)828-3396 Email: 73642,244@compuserve.com Interests: Bee
Breeding Expertise: Vice President, Canadian Honey Council, President of
the Quebec Beekeepers Federation (1995).  Works with "L'ABEILLE"
(Provincial Bee Magazine)


EUROPE BOHET, MR. JEAN-MARIE Allee Saint Enienne au Mont, 5A B-4500 HUY
Belgium Voice: +32(0)85-21 7082 Expertise: President of the Provincial
Federation of Beekeeping in Wallonia(U.F.P.W.A.)  President of the
Federation royale provinciale liegeoise d'apiculture.

COULIE, MRS. MONIQUE Rue du Noyer, 58 B-1040 Bruxelles Belgium Voice:
+32(0)2-733 38 39 Expertise: President of the Federation des apiculteurs
du Braband Wallon

DE HERCHOVE D'EXAUDE, MR. ETIENNE Rue du Beau Site, 17 B-1390
Grez-Doiceaux Belgium Voice: +32(0)10-84 46 83 Expertise: Treasurer of the
Federation des apiculteurs du Braband Wallon

DEPUE, MRS. NADINE Clos des pinsions, 24 B-1342 Limelette Belgium Voice:
+32(0)10-41 19 03 Expertise: Secretary of the Federation des apiculteurs
du Braband Wallon

FORTEMAISON, MR. ANDRE Chaussee de Namur, 66 B-5360 Hamois-Natoye Belgium
Expertise: President of the Federation provinciale des unions
professionnelle apicoles de Namur.

HELBO, MR. FRANCOIS Rue Jeanne Dubois, 13 B-7601 Roucourt Belgium Voice:
+32(0)69-77 28 28 Expertise: Treasurer of the Federations royale des
Unions Professionelles Apicoles du Hainaut

HERBEUVAL, MR. RAYMOND Rue du Moulin, 17 B-6811 Les Bulles Belgium Voice:
+32(0)61-31 26 14 Expertise: President of the federationprovinciale
d'apiculture du Luxembourg

JANSSEN, MR. P.  Thieu Hillette, 13 B-4830 Limbourg Belgium Voice:
+32(0)87-76 34 09 Expertise: Secretary of the Federation royale
provinciale liegeoise d'apiculture

MICHEL, MR. NOEL Rue Joseph Quintaart, 93 B-7063
Chaussee-Notre-Dame-Louvignies Belgium Voice: +32(0)67-45 88 50 Expertise:
President of the Federations Royale des Unions Professionelles Apicoles du
Hainaut

MONJOIE, MR. FRANCOIS Rue des Seyous, 11 B-5361 Hamois-SCY Belgium Voice:
+32(0)83-61 13 36 Expertise: Secretary of the Provincial Federation of
Beekeeping in Wallonia(U.F.P.W.A.); Secretary-Treasurer of the Federation
provinciale des unions professionnelle apicoles de Namur

POLUS, MR. PIERRE Rue de Rome 12 B-6940 Grandhain, Belgium Voice:
+32(0)86-21 11 83 Expertise: Treasurer of the Provincial Federation of
Beekeeping in Wallonia(U.F.P.W.A.); Secretary-Treasurer of the Federation
provinciale d'apiculture du Luxembourg.  Interests: Involved in queen
breeding, teaching of beekeeping and the publication of 'LA BELGIQUE
APICOLE."

VANDEGHINSTE, MR. ETIENNE Rue Pied d'Eau, 127 B-7090 ronquieres Belgium
Voice: +32(0)67-64 83 51 Expertise: Secretary of the federations Royale
des Unions Professionelles Apicoles du Hainaut.

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA No listings at this time

MIDDLE EAST No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - EAST HOUSTEN, JAMES POB 194 Martinsville, NJ 08836-0194
Voice: (908)356-4264 Email: chimneyrk@aol.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping
Expertise: Past President of the NJSA and Member of the NJ Beekeepers
Association

UNITED STATES - WEST No listings at this time



APITHERAPY

AFRICA No listings at this time

ASIA No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND No listings at this time

CANADA SIMICS, MICHAEL #204, 1331 - 15th Ave. S.W.  Calgary, Alberta,
Canada T3C 0X8 Voice/Fax: (403)541-1877 Interests: Honey Bee Venom
Collection; Vespid venom collection.  Writing and publishing of books
related to venom and collection.  Also working with Apitherapy.  Sells
venom and collection equipment.

EUROPE No listings at this time

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA No listings at this time

MIDDLE EAST No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL KAIN, SHARON K.  763 East 420th Road Bolivar, MO
65613 Voice/Fax: (417)777-4014 Email: 74134,2617@compuserve.com Interests:
Apitherapy, Hobby Beekeeping, Sales and Marketing of Small Agricultural
Products

LYONS, JIM 1316 Waldron St. Louis, MO 63130 Email: lyons@crl.com
Interests: Hobbyist with city and country experience.  Interested in
learning more about all aspects of beekeeping, including apitherapy.  Also
interested in osmia and lignaria for pollination.

UNITED STATES - EAST IANNUZZI, JOHN(JACK THE B), PhD.  RR 8 9772 Old
Annapolis Road Ellicott City, MD 21042 Email: ji0079@epflz.epflbalto.org
Interests: Owner of Howard Honey Farms.  Involved with honey bee products,
Apitherapy and Writing of Beekeeping Related Articles.

UNITED STATES - WEST CRONSHAW, PAUL, D.C.  816 N. Milpas Street Santa
Barbara, CA 93103-3031 Voice: (805)965-9801 Fax: (805)564-6773 Email:
cronshaw@rain.org Interests: Backyard Beekeeping, AHB, Apitherapy
Expertise: Chiropractor, Public Speaking on Beekeeping Topics



COMMERCIAL BEEKEEPERS

AFRICA No listings at this time

ASIA No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND No listings at this time

CANADA FOREST, JOHN 1059 Dimock Creek Maria QC Canada G0C 1Y0 Expertise:
Honey producer specializing in organic certified honey.  Maintains about
500 colonies.

EUROPE BUCKFAST ABBEY Buckfastleigh Devon TQ11 0EE Voice: Buckfastleigh
(0364)643301 Expertise: Involved in bee breeding.  Currently run 320 honey
production colonies and 520 virgins at an isolation mating station.

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA No listings at this time

MIDDLE EAST No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - EAST BELL, RON 12168 Frederick Road Thurmont, MD
21788-2537 Email: bell@wrair-emhl.army.mil CompuServe I.D.: 74732,1425
Expertise: Researcher at Walter Reed Armu Hospital.  Research in
diagnosis/detection of viral infections or biological toxins.  Trained as
Veterinary Pathologist.  Interests: With wife, runs Frederick Honey
Company

CAMP, JONATHAN Email: etpf28a@prodigy.com Expertise: East Coast
Pollinator(apples/cranberries).  Commercial beekeeper with 250 colonies
+.  Sales of equipment, woodenware and foundation.  Wife sells beeswax,
candles and candle kits.

IANNUZZI, JOHN(JACK THE B), PhD.  RR 8 9772 Old Annapolis Road Ellicott
City, MD 21042 Email: ji0079@epflz.epflbalto.org Interests: Owner of
Howard Honey Farms.  Involved with honey bee products, Apitherapy and
Writing of Beekeeping Related Articles.

UNITED STATES - WEST COLE, WALLACE 2017 SE 390th Avenue Washougal, WA
98671 Voice: (206)835-3041 Email: wallacec1049@eworld.com Expertise: Small
commercial beekeeper involved with apple pollination



EDUCATION / EDUCATORS

AFRICA No listings at this time

ASIA No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND No listings at this time

CANADA KEATING, PETER JOHN 426, Rang 3 St-Prime, Quebec G0W 2W0 Canada
Voice: (418)251-MIEL Fax: (418)679-2011 Expertise: Technical Advisor to
group of commercial beekeepers in Quebec.  This group maintains 40% of the
colonies in Quebec.  Advises group regarding new techniques, diseases and
production of quality products.

EUROPE HICKS, BR. LAURENCE Buckfast Abbey Buckfastleigh Devon TQ11 0EE
Voice: Buckfastleigh (0364)643301 Expertise: Head of Bee Department at
Buckfast Abbey

POLUS, MR. PIERRE Rue de Rome 12 B-6940 Grandhain, Belgium Voice:
+32(0)86-21 11 83 Expertise: Treasurer of the Provincial Federation of
Beekeeping in Wallonia(U.F.P.W.A.); Secretary-Treasurer of the federation
provinciale d'apiculture du Luxembourg.  Interests: Involved in queen
breeding, teaching of beekeeping and the publication of 'LA BELGIQUE
APICOLE."

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA DE JONG, DR. DAVID Depto. de Genetic
FaF-C de Medicina, USP 14.049-900 Ribeirao Preto, jS SP Brasil Email:
genebee.so@sol.fmrp.usp.br Expertise: Professor.  Teaches Genetics &
Ecology/Evolution.  Honeybee research on Varroa and AHB.

MIDDLE EAST No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL HONEY BEE INSEMINATION SERVICE 7417 Hayden Run
Road Amlin, OH 43002 Voice/Fax: (614)777-9687 Expertise: Business of
Production and Sale of Insemination Equipment, Instruction, Sales and
Consultation

NABORS, RAY P.O. Box 1001 Caruthersville, MO 63830 Voice: (314)333-0258
Fax: (314)333-0259 Email: pemiscot@ext.missouri.edu Interests: Teaching
and Research

SHOEMAKER, JIM 5160 South Western Brookline, MO Voice: (417)887-0225
Email: jshoemak@ozarks.sgcl.lib.mo.us Expertise: Operates 50 colonies of
honey bees.  Teaches beekeeping at local library.

UNITED STATES - EAST BONNEY, RICHARD E.  Entomology Department Fernald
Hall, Umass Amherst, MA 01003-2410 Email: rebon@ent.umass.edu Voice:
(413)545-1257 Fax: (413)545-2115 Expertise: Extension Specialist,
Extension Apiculturist, Teaching, Writing, Publishing

DELAPLANE, DR. KEITH S.  Cooperative Extension Service The University of
Georgia Athens, GA 30602 Voice: (706)542-1765 Fax: (706)542-3872 Email:
ksd@uga.cc.uga.edu Interests: Teaching and Research; Bee Biology,
Management & Parasite Control.  Expertise: Assistant Professor of
Entomology

GLOBAL NATURE TOURS, INC.  2701 Oxford Circle Upper Marlboro, MD 20772
Voice: (301)627-4777 Fax: (301)627-9754 Expertise: Organization of
Worldwide Nature Tours

UNITED STATES - WEST WENNER, DR. ADRIAN Department of Biology University
of California Santa barbara, CA 93106 Voice: (805)893-2338 (Office) Voice:
(805)893-2838 (Lab) Fax: (805)893-4724 Email: wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu
Interests: Research Expertise: Professor Emeritus(Natural History)



HOBBYISTS

AFRICA No listings at this time

ASIA No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND No listings at this time

CANADA HAMILTON, NANCY RR#4 Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4X5 Canada
Email: prism@nbnet.nb.ca Interests: Small Hobby Beekeeper with numerous
floral sources

HYDE, HARVEY RR #2 Cornwall Prince Edward Island, Canada C0A-1H0 Voice:
(902)566-2228 Email: hhyde@bud.peinet.pe.ca Interests: Hobby Beekeeping
Expertise: Editor of Local Beekeepers Cooperative Newsletter

EUROPE HABERL, MICHAEL Email: haberl@zi..biologie.uni-muenchen.de
Interests: Hobby Beekeeping and Research Expertise: Interested in intra-
and intercolonial genetic structure of honey bees; mating biology, working
with DNA fingerprinting.

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA No listings at this time

MIDDLE EAST ALI, M.M.  IT Centre Emirates Airlines Box 686 Dubai, United
Arab Emirates Email: 75533,2254@compuserve.com MAJORNET: MM ALI@DMC Voice:
+9716 598912 Interests: General Beekeeping

HAJI, MOHD Raheeq Al Zahr Box 40635 Dubai, United Arab Emirates Voice/Fax:
+9716 366935 Interests: General Beekeeping

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL ADAMS, DAN Rt. 10 Box 1157 Springfield, MO 65803
Voice: (417)833-4125 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

ATKINSON, WALTER 1100 West Thomas Springfield, MO 65803 Voice:
(417)866-3719 Interests: General Beekeeping

BENDURE, WALTER Rt. 3 Box 129 Strafford, MO 65757 Interests: Hobby
Beekeeping

CLOETER, HAROLD Rt. 7 Box 240 Springfield, MO 65803 Interests: Hobby
Beekeeping

COLLISON, NORMAN 1023 East McClernon Springfield, MO 65803 Voice:
(417)833-3559 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

CONNAWAY, BILL & SUSAN Rt. 1 Box 2327 Marshfield, MO 65706 Voice:
(417)473-6833 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

COOPER, JOSEPH 519 Pincherry Lane Worthington, OH 43085 Voice:
(614)885-1586 Email: jcooper@infinet.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

CUMMINGS, BILL 201 South Rambler Muncie, IN 47304-4139 Voice:
(317)284-7083 Email: 75034,1016@compuserve.com Interests: Hobby
Beekeeping.  Interested in disease/mite control.

DICKWORTH, PAUL Rt. 1 Box 133 Billings, MO 65610 Interests: Hobby
Beekeeping

DRAKE, PAUL 870 West Norton Springfield, MO 65802 Voice: (417)833-1448
Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

FAULKNER, BURL 4125 West Maple Springfield, MO 65802-1071 Voice:
(417)831-0729 Fax: (417)831-5970 Email: b.faulkner@genie.com Interests:
Hobby Beekeeping

FEENEY, C.E.  Rt. 1 Box 1036 Springfield, MO 65803 Voice: (417)833-2768
Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

GIDEON, MR. & MRS. TERRY RR3 Box 271-5 Strafford, MO 65757 Voice:
(417)736-2049 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

GILBERT, JACK 4402 Balcones Drive Austin, TX 78731 Voice/Fax:
(512)454-1091 Email: jgilbert@utxvms.cc.utexas.edu Interests: Hobby
Beekeeping Expertise: Organic Chemistry, Pesticides & Pheromones

GILMORE, NANTHA 8388 West Sunset Drive Springfield, MO 65802 Voice:
(417)831-9170 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

HARDIN, TRUMAN 1829 West Washita Springfield, MO 65807 Voice:
(417)866-2602 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

HINZ, DEAN 1 Joel Drive Rogersville, MO 65742 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

KELLY, MR. & MRS. DAN Rt. 6 Box 601-1 Springfield, MO 65803 Voice:
(417)742-3030 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

LYONS, JIM 1316 Waldron St. Louis, MO 63130 Email: lyons@crl.com
Interests: Hobbyist with city and country experience.  Interested in
learning more about all aspects of beekeeping, including apitherapy.  Also
interested in osmia and lignaria for pollination.

MARSHALL, ROBERT S.  13 Bruce Circle North Hawthorne Woods, IL 60047
Email: marsh14@aol.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

MORRIS, ROBERT Route 4 Box 4150 Seymour, MO 65746 Voice: (417)767-2794
Interests: Hobby Beekeeping and General Agricultural business

QUIMBY, MIKE 3418 South Shirley Road Shirley, IN 47384 Voice:
(317)737-6633 Email: m.quimby@lilly.com Interests: Beginning Hobby
Beekeeper

RAMSEY, MRS. TRESSIE P.O. Box 188 Houston, MO 65483 Voice: (417)967-3176
Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

ROWAN, CLINTON Rt. 1 Box 263 Aldrich, MO 65601 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

SCAFE, JOHN C.  Rt. 3 Box 240-5 Strafford, MO 65757 Voice: (417)736-2255
Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

SCHMIDT, MICHAEL, J.  771 East 300N Road Gibson City, IL 60936-7136 Voice:
(217)749-2331 Email: mjschmidt@aol.com Expertise: Hobby Beekeeping
Interests: Wintering and Mites

SMITH, ARTHUR HC 76 Box 30 Polk, MO 65727 Voice: (417)852-4530 Interests:
Hobby Beekeeping

STRUNK, MARK 1351 South Pennsylvania Springfield, MO 65807 Voice:
(417)869-6328 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

SUDDUTH, KATHY 1851 ST Hwy N Clever, MO 65613 Voice: (417)882-5438
Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

TRACY, C.L.  221 East Sunshine Springfield, MO 65803 Voice: (417)882-5438
Interests: Hobby Beekeeping


THORNE, LARRY 2801 West state Hwy F Ozark, MO 65721 Voice: (417)581-8002

WADE, MR. & MRS. ROBERT Rt. 3 Box 526 Bolivar, MO 65613 Voice:
(417)253-4315 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

WICKEY, W.T.  Route 3 Box 223 Mansfield, MO 65704 Interests: Hobby
Beekeeping

WILLIAMS, MS. JUDY Rt. 7 Box 232 Springfield, MO 65802 Voice:
(417)864-3481 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

WILLS, CHARLES Rt. 4 Box 376 Rogersville, MO 65742 Voice: (417)753-2390
Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

WOODS, KENNETH Rt. 2 Box 244 Crane, MO 65633 Voice: (417)369-3649
Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

UNITED STATES - EAST BAILEY, KENNETH W.  Cumberland County Center P.O. Box
270 Fayetteville, NC 28302-0270 Voice: (910)484-7156 Fax: (910)484-4255
Email: kbailey@cumberla.ces.ncsu.edu Expertise: N.C. Cooperative Extension
Service Assistant Agricultural Extension Agent; Commercial Horticulture,
Beekeeping

CAWLEY, DAVE D.  1511 Jackson Street Scranton, PA 18504 Voice:
(717)342-8113 Email: dave@lydian.scranton.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping
Expertise: Internet Provider: "Internet Cafe"

FAGERMAN, JEFF 328 Lucy Avenue Decatur, AL 35603 Voice: (205)340-0176 Fax:
(205)340-1257 Email: jafagerm@ingr.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping.
Interested in the Pollination Business.

FRIEDGEN, JOYCE 11 Lakeview Road Littleton, MA 01460 Voice: (508)486-8734
(Home) Voice: (508)952-2522 (Work) Fax: (508)952-2501 Email:
joycef@aol.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping.  Interested in sharing
beekeeping ideas.

GEIGER, PETER Email: pgeiger@seraph1.sewanee.edu Interests: Hobby
Beekeeping

HAWKES, ELIZABETH 715 N. Creek Road West Chester, PA 19380 Voice:
(610)436-8450 Email: rhawkes@wcupa.edu Interests: Hobby Beekeeping.  Honey
marketing through local farm markets.  Entering honey in local
competitions.

HAWKES, ROBERT 715 N. Creek Road West Chester, PA 19380 Voice:
(610)436-8450 Email: rhawkes@wcupa.edu Interests: Hobby Beekeeping.  Honey
marketing through local farm markets.  Entering honey in local
competitions.

HAWKINS, DORINDA 397 Old Towne Circle Lawrenceville, GA 30245 Voice:
(404)963-8818 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping Expertise: Beeswax Candle Making

HAWKINS, GARY 397 Old Towne Circle Lawrenceville, GA 30245 Voice:
(404)963-8818 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping Expertise: Beeswax Candle Making

HOUSTEN, JAMES POB 194 Martinsville, NJ 08836-0194 Voice: (908)356-4264
Email: chimneyrk@aol.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping Expertise: Past
President of the NJSA and Member of the NJ Beekeepers Association

HUMPHREY, FRANKLIN D.  510 Notre Dame Avenue Chattanooga, TN 37412 Email:
frankhumph@aol.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

JORGENSON, WAYNE Box 475 Norwood, MN 55368 Voice: (612)467-3801 Email:
74034,2604@compuserve.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

MCHALE, ROBERT A.  4 May Road Pearl River, New York 10965 Voice:
(914)735-9246 Interests: Hobby Beekeeper with 10 colonies.  Three years
experience.

MUNROE, MICHAEL 16 Apple House Road Lakeview, MA 02347 Voice:
(508)946-1263 Email: 74211,3034@compuserve. com Interests: Hobby
Beekeeping; interested in bee plants

OLDFATHER, JOHN 7409 Powhatan Lane Pewee Valley, KY 40056 Voice:
(502)241-0967 (Home) Voice: (502)587-4339 (Office) Fax: (502)587-4865
Email: jwold@delphi.com Interests: General Beekeeping

OVERMAN, WILLIAM J.  1512 John Carroll DrivePensacola, FL 32504 Voice:
(904)476-3313 (Home) Voice: (904)478-6363 (Work) Fax: (904)474-0536 Email:
flareal@gulf.net Email: woverman@delphi.com Interests: Serious Hobbyist

WROSCH, JOHN P.  2411 Hickman Road Ann Arbor, MI 48105 Email:
john.p.wrosch@um.cc.umich.edu Expertise: Master Beekeeper (E.A.S.)




UNITED STATES - WEST MCLAUGHLIN, WILLIAM(BILL)P.  3851 Harrison Street
Denver, CO 80205 Voice: (303)321-9458 Email: bill.mclaughlin@sdoet.com
Interests: Hobby Beekeeping; MAC software for beekeeping

MOORE, DOUGLAS Voice: (415)921-5570 Fax: (415)921-5571 Email:
dgmoore@aol.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping in Inverness, CA

MOORE, MARGARET Voice: (415)921-5570 Fax: (415)921-5571 Email:
dgmoore@aol.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping in Inverness, CA

PEHLING, DAVE W.S.U. Snohomish Co. Cooperative Extension 600 128th St.
S.E.  Everett, WA 98208 Voice: (206)338-2400 Fax: (206)338-3994 Email:
ce6431@wsuvml.csc.wsu.edu Interests: Hobby Beekeeping, Native
Pollinators(Osmia) & Pest Management Expertise: Zoology

ROHLF, DON North 1612 Maple Street Spokane, WA 99204 Voice: (509)325-2967
Email: 74216,1561@compuserve.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping

WONG, GEARY, Rph.  6141 D Thorton Avenue Newark, CA 94560 Voice/Fax:
(510)793-7251 Email: gewong@netcom.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping &
Medicinal Herbs Expertise: Pharmacist



MANUFACTURERS / SUPPLIERS

AFRICA No listings at this time


ASIA No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND No listings at this time

CANADA SIMICS, MICHAEL #204, 1331 - 15th Ave. S.W.  Calgary, Alberta,
Canada T3C 0X8 Voice/Fax: (403)541-1877 Interests: Honey Bee Venom
Collection; Vespid venom collection.  Writing and publishing of books
related to venom and collection.  Also working with apitherapy.  Sells
venom and collection equipment.

EUROPE No listings at this time

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA No listings at this time

MIDDLE EAST No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL HONEY BEE INSEMINATION SERVICE 7417 Hayden Run
Road Amlin, OH 43002 Voice/Fax: (614)777-9687 Expertise: Business of
Production and Sales of Insemination Equipment, Instruction, Sales and
Consultation

KAIN, SHARON K.  763 East 420th Road Bolivar, MO 65613 Voice/Fax:
(417)777-4014 Email: 74134,2617@compuserve.com Interests: Apitherapy,
Hobby Beekeeping, Sales and Marketing of Small Agricultural Products.

KAIN, STAN G.  763 East 420th Road Bolivar, MO 65613 Voice/Fax:
(417)777-4014 Email: stankain@delphi.com CompuServe I.D.: 74134,2617
Interests: Sales of Beekeeping Equipment for Hobbyists, Computer
Information Sources, Backyard Beekeeping, Comb Honey Production Expertise:
Freelance Writer, Computer Consultant, Information Service

UNITED STATES - WEST HAWKINS, DORINDA 397 Old Towne Circle Lawrenceville,
GA 30245 Voice: (404)963-8818 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping Expertise:
Beeswax Candle Making

HAWKINS, GARY 397 Old Towne Circle Lawrenceville, GA 30245 Voice:
(404)963-8818 Interests: Hobby Beekeeping Expertise: Beeswax Candle Making

ADAMS, DAVID S.  2896 Reynolds Road Bartow, FL 33830 Voice: (813)537-1155
Expertise: Commercial Beekeeper in central Florida running about 2600
colonies.  Currently working to establish shipping and sales of queens and
queen cells from the ARS-YC1 line.

GLOBAL NATURE TOURS, INC.  2701 Oxford Circle Upper Marlboro, MD 20772
Voice: (301)627-4777 Fax: (301)627-9754 Expertise: Organization of
Worldwide Nature Tours

LIBERMAN, HAROLD M.  2701 Oxford Circle Upper Marlboro, MD 20772 Voice:
(301)627-4777 Fax: (301)627-9754 Expertise: Worldwide Nature and
Beekeeping Tours

TUTTLE APIARIES 3030 Lewis River Road Woodland, WA 98674 Voice:
(360)225-9631 Interests: Beekeeping and Experimentation of Beekeeping
Products Expertise: Manufacturer of Mite Treatment Medications Approved
for Use in the U.S.

UNITED STATES - WEST CRONSHAW, PAUL, D.C.  816 N. Milpas Street Santa
Barbara, CA 93103-3031 Voice: (805)965-9801 Fax: (805)564-6773 Email:
cronshaw@rain.org Interests: Backyard beekeeping, AHB, Apitherapy
Expertise: Chiropractor, Public Speaking on Beekeeping Topics



ONLINE COMPUTER GROUPS

AFRICA No listings at this time

ASIA No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND No listings at this time

CANADA No listings at this time

EUROPE BEENET INTERNATIONAL BBS P.O.  Box 51008 1007EA Amsterdam,
Netherlands BeeNet 240:31/0 FidoNet 2:2801/28 Voice: +31 20 6764105 Modem:
+31 20 6715663 Interests: Email & files network (130 members) in Northern
Europe.  Goal is to make scientific knowledge available to beekeepers with
computers, but without Internet access.

SELTORP, CHRISTER Solbergavagen 20 S-135 67 Tyreso Sweden Interests:
Beekeeping, BBS Networks, Computer Communications Expertise: BEENET
INTERNATION

VEERKAMP, HUGO P.O. Box 51008 1007 EA Amsterdam, Netherlands Email:
veerkamp@f28.n2801.z2.fidonet.org Interests: Member of BEENET
INTERNATIONAL BBS

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA No listings at this time

MIDDLE EAST No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - EAST CAWLEY, DAVE D.  1511 Jackson Street Scranton, PA
18504 Voice: (717)342-8113 Email: dave@lydian.scranton.com Interests:
Hobby Beekeeping Expertise: Internet Provider: "Internet Cafe"

FINKELSTEIN, ADAM Entomology Department VA Tech 307 Price Hall Blacksburg,
VA 24061-0319 Voice: (703)231-6341 Email: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Expertise:
Graduate Student Interests: FAQ Maintainer of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
online newsgroup

UNITED STATES - WEST NACHBAUR, ANDY 1522 Paradise Lane Los Banos, CA 93635
Email: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Interests: Beekeeping Bulletin Boards
Expertise: Operates WILDBEES BBS



POLLINATION INTERESTS

AFRICA No listings at this time

ASIA No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND No listings at this time

CANADA GATES, JOHN British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Fish & Food
4607 23rd Street Vernon, B.C., Canada V1T 4K7 Voice: (604)549-5580 Fax:
(604)549-5488 Email: jgates@galaxy.gov.bc.ca Interests: Extension
Services, Disease Monitoring, Field Research and Pollination Advice
Expertise: Apicultural Specialist

MACKENZIE, DR. KENNA ELENE Research Scientist Agriculture & Agri-Food
Canada Research Centre, 32 Main Street Kentville, Nova Scotia B4N 1J5
Canada Email: mackenziek@em.agr.ca Email: k_mackenzie@nsrske.agr.ca Voice:
(902)679-5731 Fax: (902)679-2311 Interests: Research interests include
applied pollination of fruit crops especially lowbush blueberry;
management of honey bees, leafcutter bees and bumblebees for crop
pollination; pesticide/pollinator ineractions and the role of native bees
in crop pollination.

EUROPE PTACEK, DR. VLADIMIR Fac. Sci. Masaryk University Kotlarska 2, 611
37 Brno, Czech Republic Email: ptacek@sci.muni.cz Interests: Bee Biology,
Honey Bees Solitary Bees, Bumble Bees, Biology and Management, Pollination
& Seed Production

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA No listings at this time

MIDDLE EAST No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL LYONS, JIM 1316 Waldron St. Louis, MO 63130 Email:
lyons@crl.com Interests: Hobbyist with city and country experience.
Interested in learning more about all aspects of beekeeping, including
apitherapy.  Also interested in osmia and lignaria for pollination.

UNITED STATES - EAST CAMP, JONATHAN Email: etof28a@prodigy.com Expertise:
East Coast Pollinator(apples/cranberries).  Commercial beekeeper with 250
colonies +.  Sales of equipment, woodenware and foundation.  Wife sells
beeswax, candles and candle kits.

EASTERN POLLINATOR NEWSLETTER P.O. Box 1215 Hemingway, SC 29554 Voice:
(803)558-9598 Email: pollinator@aol.com

FAGERMAN, JEFF 328 Lucy Avenue Decatur, AL 35603 Voice: (205)340-0176 Fax:
(205)340-1257 Email: jafagerm@ingr.com Interests: Hobby Beekeeping.
Interested in the Pollination Business.

GREEN, DAVID Eastern Pollinator Newsletter P.O. Box 1215 Hemingway, SC
29554 Voice: (803)558-9598 Email: pollinator@aol.com Expertise: Editor of
pollination newsletter

UNITED STATES - WEST CABRAL, KATHLEEN 1104 12th Street Modesto, CA 95354
Voice: (209)549-8262 Fax: (209)549-8267 Email: 74201,474@compuserve.com
Expertise: Board laison to beekeeping industry on issues of common concern
for the California Almond Board.  Director of Industry Services.

COLE, WALLACE 2017 SE 390th Avenue Washougal, WA 98671 Voice:
(206)835-3041 Email: wallacec1049@eworld.com Expertise: Small commercial
beekeeper involved with apple pollination.

LOOKER, MARK Almond Board of California 1104 12th Street Modesto, CA 95354
Voice: (209)549-8262 Fax: (209)549-8267 Email: 71062,1375@compuserve.com
Interests: Provide resources pertaining to the almond industry and
pollination Expertise: Information Manager for the California Almond
Board, Information Services Provider, Freelance Writer

PEHLING, DAVE W.S.U. Snohomish Co. Cooperative Extension 600 128th St.
S.E.  Everett, WA 98208 Voice: (206)338-2400 Fax: (206)338-3994 Email:
ce6431@wsuvml.csc.wsu.edu Interests: Hobby Beekeeping, Native
Pollinators(Osmia) & Pest Management Expertise: Zoology



QUEEN BREEDING

AFRICA No listings at this time

ASIA
 No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND No listings at this time

CANADA CHAPLEAU, JEAN-PIERRE 1982, rang 8, St Adrien, Quebec, Canada J0A
1C0 Voice: (819)828-3396 Email: 73642,244@compuserve.com Interests: Bee
Breeding Expertise: Vice President, Canadian Honey Council, President of
the Quebec Beekeepers Federation (1995).  Works with "L'ABEILLE"
(Provincial Bee Magazine)

EUROPE BUCKFAST ABBEY Buckfastleigh Devon TQ11 0EE Voice: Buckfastleigh
(0364)643301 Expertise: Involved in bee breeding.  Currently run 320 honey
production colonies and 520 virgins at an isolation mating station.

POLUS, MR. PIERRE Rue de Rome 12 B-6940 Grandhaim, Belgium Voice:
+32(0)86-21 11 83 Expertise: Treasurer of the Provincial Federation of
Beekeeping in Wallonia(U.F.P.W.A.); Secretary-Treasurer of the Federation
provinciale d'apiculture du Luxembourg.  Interests: Involved in Queen
Breeding, Teaching of Beekeeping and the publication of 'LA BELGIQUE
APICOLE."

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA No listings at this time

MIDDLE EAST No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL COBEY, SUSAN Ohio State University Department of
Entomology 1735 Neil Avenue Columbus, OH Voice: (614)292-7928 Fax:
(614)292-2180 Email: scobey@magnue.acs.ohio-state.edu Expertise: Research
in bee breeding, instrumental insemination & natural control of
parasites.

HONEY BEE INSEMINATION SERVICE 7417 Hayden Run Road Amlin, OH 43002
Voice/Fax: (614)777-9687 Expertise: Business of Production and Sales of
Insemination Equipment, Instruction, Sales and Consultation.

UNITED STATES - EAST ADAMS, DAVID S.  2896 Reynolds Road Bartow, FL 33830
Voice: (813)537-1155 Expertise: Commercial Beekeeper in ccentral Florida
running about 2600 colonies.  Currently working to establish shipping and
sales of queens and queen cells from the ARS-YC1 line.

UNITED STATES - WEST No listings at this time



RESEARCHERS / EXPERIMENTATION

AFRICA No listings at this time

ASIA No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND VAN EATON, CLIFF Ministry of Agriculture and
Fisheries MAF Quality Management Private Bag Tauranga, New Zealand Email:
vaneatonc@tauranga.mafqual.govt.nz Interests: Kiwi Fruit, Writing, Bee
Diseases, Certifications, Bee Consulting Expertise: Apicultural Advisory
Officer; Familiar with Viet Nam, Solomon Islands and New Guinea.

CANADA CLARK, KERRY 1201 103rd Avenue Dawson Creek, B.C. V1G 4J2 Canada
Voice: (604)784-2225 Fax: (604)784-2299 Expertise: Extension & Regulatory
activities.  Research on Tracheal Mites & recommendations for Varroa
Control.  Apicultural Specialists.

CURRIE, DR. BOB Email: rwcurrie@bldgagic.lan.umanitoba.ca Expertise:
Canadian Apicultural Researcher

DAVIS, DR. ART Fax: (306)966-4461 Expertise: Canadian Apicultural
Researcher

LUI, DR. STEPHEN Fax: (403)354-8171 Expertise: Canadian Apicultural
Researcher

MACKENZIE, DR. KENNA ELENE Research Scientist Agriculture & Agri-Food
Canada Research Centre, 32 Main street Kentville, Nova Scotia B4N 1J5
Canada Email: mackenziek@em.agr.ca Email: k_mackenzie@nsrske.agr.ca Voice:
(902)679-5731 Fax: (902)679-2311 Interests: Research interests include
applied pollination of fruit crops especially lowbush blueberry;
management of honey bees, leafcutter bees and bumblebees for crop
pollination, pesticide/pollinator interactions, and the role of native
bees in crop pollination.

MCKENNA, DENNIS Voice: (403)835-6697 Canadian Apicultural Researcher

NELSON, DONALD L., PhD.  Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada Northern
Agricultural Research Centre Box 25, Beaverlodge, Alberta Canada T0H 0C0
Email: nelsond@abrsbl.agr.ca Voice: (403)354-2212 Fax: (403)354-7181
Expertise: Research Scientist working in Honey Bee Management, Wintering,
Tracheal Mite Control.  ELISA for HBTM detection.

SZABO, DR. TIBOR Fax: (519)832-0442 Canadian Apicultural Researcher

EUROPE BUCKFAST ABBEY Buckfastleigh Devon TQ11 0EE Voice: Buckfastleigh
(0364)643301 Expertise: Involved in bee breeding.  Currently run 320 honey
production colonies and 520 virgins at an isolation mating station.

HABERL, MICHAEL Email: haberl@zi.biologie.uni-muenchen.de Interests: Hobby
Beekeeping and Research Expertise: Interested in intra- and intercolonial
genetic structure of honey bees; mating biology, working with DNA
fingerprinting.

HICKS, BR. LAURENCE Buckfast Abbey Buckfastleigh Devon TQ11 0EE Voice:
Buckfastleigh (0364)643301 Expertise: Head of Bee Department at Buckfast
Abbey

PTACEK, DR. VLADIMIR Fac. Sci. Masaryk University Kotlarska 2, 611 37
Brno, Czech Republic Email: ptacek@sci.muni.cz Interests: Bee Biology,
Honey Bees, Solitary Bees, Bumble Bees, Biology and Management,
Pollination and Seed Production.

THOMAS, HANS-ULRICH Zekppelinstr, 31 8057 Zurich, Switzerland Voice:
(41)362 5761 (Private) Voice: (41)633 11 11 (Business) Fax: (41)633 10 77
Email: hthomas@solid.phys.ethz.ch Interests: Will photocopy or scan
articles from scientific journals Expeertise: Access to 2 major University
Library Files

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA DE JONG, DR. DAVID Depto. de Genetic
FaF-C. de Medicina, USP 14.049-900 Ribeirao Preto, jS SP Brasil Email:
genebee.so@sol.fmrp.usp.br Expertise:  Professor.  Teaches Genetics &
Ecology/Evolution.  Honeybee research on Varroa and AHB.

TOLEDO, VAGNER University of Maringa DZO Colombo, AV., 5790 87020-900
Maringa-PR-Brazil Voice: (044)2262727 r.319 Fax: (044)2222754 Email:
vgtoledo.brfuem@uicvm.uic.edu Interests: Beeswax Management

MIDDLE EAST No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL ADAMS, KEN 1019 Wabash Avenue Lafayette, IN
47905-1058 Email: kla@cc.purdue.edu Voice: (317)742-8711 Interests: Bee
Disease/Treatment, Colony Management, Marketing, Labor Saving Devices
Expertise: Sideline Apiaries, Chemistry & Computer Sciences

BRYANT, VAUGHN M., JR.  Professor and Head Department of Anthropology
Texas A & M University College Station, TX 77843-3452 Email:
vbryant@tamu.edu Interests: Co-author of 'POLLEN FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN
U.S."  Pollen and Honey studies Expertise: Archaeological Palynology and
Melissopalynology

COBEY, SUSAN Ohio State University Department of Entomology 1735 Neil
Avenue Columbus, OH Voice: (614)292-7928 Fax: (614)292-2180 Email:
scobey@magnue.acs.ohio-state.edu Expertise: Research in bee breeding,
instrumental insemination & natural control of parasites.

DAY, LIZ 1207 Golden Hill Drive Indianapolis, IN 46208 Email:
lday@indy.net Interests: Identification of Bombus, making this information
available to lay people.  Expertise: M.S. University of Illinois, Chicago

GILBERT, JACK 4402 Balcones Drive Austin, TX 78731 Voice/Fax:
(512)454-1091 Email: jgilbert@utxvms.cc.utexas.edu Interests: Hobby
Beekeeping Expertise: Organic Chemistry, Pesticides & Pheromones

NABORS, RAY P.O. Box 1001 Caruthersville, MO 63830 Voice: (314)333-0258
Fax: (314)333-0259 Email: pemiscot@ext.missouri.edu Interests: Teaching
and Research

SAMMATARO, DIANA Department of Entomology Ohio State University 1735 Neil
Road Columbus, OH 43210-1220 Voice: (614)292-9089 Fax: (614)292-2180
Email: dsammata@magnus.acs. ohio-state.edu Expertise: Bee Research,
Writing

UNITED STATES - EAST DELAPLANE, DR. KEITH S.  Cooperative Extension
Service The University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602 Voice: (706)542-1765
Fax: (706)542-3872 Email: ksd@uga.cc.uga.edu Interests: Teaching and
Research; Bee Biology, Management & Parasite Control.  Expertise:
Assistant Professor of Entomology

FINKELSTEIN, ADAM Entomology Department VA Tech 307 Price Hall Blacksburg,
VA 24061-0319 Voice: (703)231-6341 Email: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Expertise:
Graduate Student Interests: FAQ Maintainer of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
online newsgroup

IANNUZZI, JOHN(JACK THE B), PhD.  RR 8 9772 Old Annapolis Road Ellicott
City, MD 21042 Email: ji0079@epflz.epflbalto.org Interests: Owner of
Howard Honey Farms.  Involved with honey bee products, Apitherapy and
Writing of Beekeeping Related Articles.

UNITED STATES - WEST CABRAL, KATHLEEN 1104 12th Street Modesto, CA 95354
Voice: (209)549-8262 Fax: (209)549-8267 Email: 74201,474@compuserve.com
Expertise: Board laison to beekeeping industry on issues of common concern
for the California Almond Board.  Director of Industry Services.

NESSON, MICHAEL Department of Biochem/Biophys.  Oregon State University
Corvalis, OR 97331-7305 Voice: (503)737-1866 Fax: (503)737-0481 Email:
nessonm@bcc.orst.edu Expertise: Bees & Magnetic Fields.  Removal of Bees
>from  structures and Bee Trees

TUTTLE APIARIES 3030 Lewis River Road Woodland, WA 98674 Voice:
(360)225-9631 Interests: Mite Prevention Expertise: Developer of Natural
Mite Treatment Products Approved for U.S. Beekeepers

WENNER, DR. ADRIAN Department of Biology University of California Santa
Barbara, CA 93106 Voice: (805)893-2338 (Office) Voice: (805)893-2838 (Lab)
Fax: (805)893-4724 Email: wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu Interests: Research
Expertise: Professor Emeritus (Natural History)



SIDELINE BEEKEEPERS

AFRICA No listings at this time

ASIA No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND No listings at this time

CANADA No listings at this time

EUROPE No listings at this time

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA No listings at this time

MIDDLE EAST No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL ADAMS, KEN 1019 Wabash Avenue Lafayette, IN
47905-1058 Email: kla@cc.purdue.edu Voice: (317)742-8711 Interests: Bee
Disease/Treatment, Colony Management, Marketing, Labor Saving Devices
Expertise: Sideline Apiaries, Chemistry & Computer Sciences

ELSTON, TOM RR1, Box 346-D Bloomington, IL 61704-9752 Email:
bunda346@aol.com Interests: Sideline beekeeper with 50 colonies Expertise:
20 years beekeeping experience.

KAIN, SHARON K.  763 East 420th Road Bolivar, MO 65613 Voice/Fax:
(417)777-4014 Email: 74134,2617@compuserve.com Interests: Apitherapy,
Sideline Beekeeping, Sales and Marketing of Small Agricultural Products

KAIN, STAN G.  763 East 420th Road Bolivar, MO 65613 Voice/Fax:
(417)777-4014 Email: stankain@delphi.com CompuServe I.D.: 74134,2617
Interests: Sales of beekeeping Equipment for Hobbyists, Computer
Information  Sources, Sideline Beekeeping, Comb Honey Production
Expertise: Freelance Writer, Computer Consultant, Information Services

SHOEMAKER, JIM 5160 South Western Brookline, MO Voice: (417)887-0225
Email: jshoemak@ozarks.sgcl.lib.mo.us Expertise: Operates 50 colonies of
honey bees.  Teaches beekeeping at local library.


UNITED STATES - EAST BELL, RON 12168 Frederick Road Thurmont, MD
21788-2537 Email: bellr@wrair-emhl.army.mil CompuServe I.D.: 74732,1425
Expertise: Researcher at Walter Reed Army Hospital.  Research in
diagnosis/detection of viral infections or biological toxins.  Trained as
Veterinary Pathologist.  Interests: With wife, runs Frederick Honey
Company

MERRILL, BRIAN G.  Ellie-Bee Apiaries 61 Calumet Street Depew, NY 14043
Voice: (716)683-1062 Email: 71224,475@compuserve.com Interests: Sideline
Beekeeping with 75-200 colonies in western New York.

UNITED STATES - WEST No listings at this time



WRITERS / PUBLISHERS / PUBLICATIONS

AFRICA No listings at this time

ASIA No listings at this time

AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND VAN EATON, CLIFF Ministry of Agriculture and
Fisheries MAF Quality Management Private Bag Tauranga, New Zealand Email:
vaneatonc@tauranga.mafqual.govt.nz Interests: Kiwi Fruit, Writing, Bee
Diseases, Certifications, Bee Consulting Expertise:  Apicultural Advisory
Officer; Familiar with Viet Nam, Solomon Islands and New Guinea.

CANADA CHAPLEAU, JEAN-PIERRE 1982, rang 8, St. Adrien, Quebec, Canada J0A
n1C0 Voice: (819)828-3396 Email: 73642,244@compuserve.com Interests: Bee
Breeding Expertise: Vice President, Canadian Honey Council, President of
the Quebec Beekeepers Federation (1995).  Works with "L'ABEILLE"
(Provincial Bee Magazine).

HYDE, HARVEY RR #2 Cornwall Prince Edward Island, Canada C0A-1H0 Voice:
(902)566-2228 Email: hhyde@bud.peinet.pe.ca Interests: Hobby Beekeeping
Expertise: Editor of Local Beekeepers Cooperative Newsletter

SIMICS, MICHAEL #204, 1331 - 15th Ave. S.W.  Calgary, Alberta, Canada T3C
0X8 Voice/Fax: (403)541-1877 Interests: Honey Bee venom collection.
Vespid venom collection.  Writing and publishing of books related to venom
and collection.  Also working with apitherapy.  Sells venom and collection
equipment.

EUROPE POLUS, MR. PIERRE Rue de Rome 12 B-6940 Grandhain, Belgium Voice:
+32(0)86-21 11 83 Expertise: Treasurer of the Provincial federation of
beekeeping in Wallonia(U.F.P.W.A.); Secretary-Treasurer of the Federation
provinciale d'apiculture du Luxembourg.  Interests: Involved in queen
breeding, teaching of beekeeping and the publication of 'LA BELGIQUE
APICOLE."

MEXICO / CEN. AMERICA / S. AMERICA No listings at this time

MIDDLE EAST No listings at this time

UNITED STATES - CENTRAL AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL 51 South Second Street
Hamilton, IL 62341 Voice: (217)847-3324 Fax: (217)847-3660 Interests:
Monthly Beekeeping Magazine

BEE CULTURE MAGAZINE 623 West Liberty Street Medina, OH 44258-0706 Voice:
(800)289-7668 Fax: (216)725-5624 Email: bculture@aol.com Interests: All
aspects of beekeeping Expertise: Beekeeping Publications, Equipment

BRYANT, VAUGHN M., JR.  Professor and Head Department of Anthropology
Texas A & M University College Station, TX 77843-3452 Email:
vbryant@tamu.edu Interests: Co-author of 'POLLEN FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN
U.S."  Pollen and Honey studies Expertise: Archaeological Palynology and
Melissopalynology

FLOTTUM, KIM 623 West Liberty Street Medina, OH 44258-0706 Voice:
(800)289-7668 Fax:(216)725-5624 Email: bculture@aol.com Expertise: Editor
of Bee Culture magazine

GRAHAM, JOE Dadant & Sons, Inc.  51 South Second Street Hamilton, IL 62341
Voice: (217)847-3324 Fax: (217)847-3660 Expertise: Editor of American Bee
Journal magazine

KAIN, STAN G.  763 East 420th Road Bolivar, MO 65613 Voice/Fax:
(417)777-4014 Email: stankain@delphi.com CompuServe I.D.: 74134,2617
Interests: Sales of Beekeeping Equipment for Hobbyists, Computer
Information Sources, Sideline Beekeeping, Comb Honey Production Expertise:
Freelance Writer, Computer Consultant, Information Services

SAMMATARO, DIANA Department of Entomology Ohio State University 1735 Neil
Road Columbus, OH 43210-1220 Voice: (614)292-9089 Fax: (614)292-2180
Email: dsammata@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu Expertise: Bee Research, Writing

UNITED STATES - EAST BONNEY, RICHARD E.  Entomology Department Fernald
Hall, Umass Amberst, MA 01003-2410 Email: rebon@ent.umass.edu Voice:
(413)545-1257 Fax: (413)545-2115 Expertise: Extension Specialist,
Extension Apiculturist, Teaching, Writing, Publishing

BRAY, JOSEPH J.  P.O. Box 3305 Yale Station New Haven, CT 06520 Expertise:
Bookseller specializing in location of speciality and antique books
related to beekeeping.

EASTERN POLLINATOR NEWSLETTER P.O. Box 1215 Hemingway, SC 29554 Voice:
(803)558-9598 Email: pollinator@aol.com

GREEN, DAVID Eastern Pollinator Newsletter P.O. Box 1215 Hemingway, SC
29554 Voice: (803)558-9598 Email: pollinator@aol.com Expertise: Editor of
pollination newsletter

HOWE, CHUCK Connecticut Honey Bee 86, 5 1/2 Mile Road Goshen, CT 06756
Voice/Fax: (203)491-2338 Email: chowe@cthoneybee.win.net CompuServe I.D.:
72726,1437 Interests: New England Beekeeping Expertise: Editor, Journal of
the Connecticut Beekeepers Association

IANNUZZI, JOHN(JACK THE B), PhD.  RR 8 9772 Old Annapolis Road Ellicott
City, MD 21042 Email: ji0079@epflz.epflbalto.org Interests: Owner of
Howard Honey Farms.  Involved with honey bee products, Apitherapy and the
Writing of Beekeeping Related Articles.

THE AWARE BEEKEEPER 1115 Mohawk Trail Charlemont, MA 01339 Voice:
(413)339-5310 Interests: This is the Beekeeping Newsletter for the
Northeast U.S.  Published by Richard Bonney.

UNITED STATES - WEST LOOKER, MARK Almond Board of California 1104 12th
Street Modesto, CA 95354 Voice: (209)549-8262 Fax: (209)549-8267 Email:
71062,1375@compuserve.com Interests: Provide resources pertaining to the
almond industry and pollination Expertise: Information Manager for the
California Almond Board, Information Services Provider

WENNER, DR. ADRIAN Department of Biology University of California Santa
Barbara, CA 93106 Voice: (805)893-2338 (Office) Voice: (805)893-2838 (Lab)
Fax: (805)893-4724 Email: wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu Interests: Research
Expertise: Professor Emeritus (Natural History)
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From rjenkins@cix.compulink.co.uk Tue May 30 23:14:57 EDT 1995
Article: 1909 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!cis.ohio-state.edu!magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!demon!btnet!news.compulink.co.uk!cix.compulink.co.uk!usenet
From: rjenkins@cix.compulink.co.uk ("Robert Jenkins")
Subject: Queenless?
Message-ID: <D9CyAG.5EA@cix.compulink.co.uk>
Organization: .
Date: Mon, 29 May 1995 20:59:04 GMT
X-News-Software: Ameol
Lines: 9

One of my hives swarmed about three weeks ago. The queen from the parent 
hive was clipped, so the swarm must have been led by a virgin queen. I 
hived it, and had a look today. No sign of eggs, let alone brood, but 
plenty of honey and lots of activity. Also quite a few queen cells 
starting to be made. I couldn't find the queen despite long and diligent 
searching, but then I can hardly ever spot her.

Should I worry yet? How long does it normally take such a hive to start 
to produce eggs? 


From krygh@vmprofs.estec.esa.nl Tue May 30 23:14:59 EDT 1995
Article: 1910 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!news.ultranet.com!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!Germany.EU.net!EU.net!sun4nl!esa.nl!usenet
From: krygh@vmprofs.estec.esa.nl (Knut Rygh)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Orientation of the hive
Date: 29 May 1995 09:16:32 GMT
Organization: European Space Agency
Lines: 12
Message-ID: <3qc3dg$gau@info.estec.esa.nl>
NNTP-Posting-Host: colpc056.estec.esa.nl
Mime-Version: 1.0
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.93.11

.
Textbooks advocate the advantages of orientating the entrance towards the 
morning sun. I have located a group of hives in a circle with hive 
entrance in other directions than enable direct morning sun without any 
noticeable difference in habitable behaviour or honey production. Does 
anyone have any experience from locating the hive entrance in other 
direction than one that favours the sun. How important is it that the 
entrance get morning sunlight compare to one of the sides of the hive?
I would be grateful if someone could shed some light on this puzzle.
K. Rygh						Phone:	31 171983610
krygh@vmprofs.estec.esa.nl			Fax:	31 171984694



From PDZH97A@prodigy.com Tue May 30 23:15:00 EDT 1995
Article: 1911 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!swiss.ans.net!prodigy.com!usenet
From: PDZH97A@prodigy.com (Rick Guttery)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bait hive help needed
Date: 29 May 1995 22:23:39 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
Lines: 3
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3qdhhb$20p2@usenetw1.news.prodigy.com>
References: <3q4vpf$20qe@usenetw1.news.prodigy.com> <3q6r6b$nfs@netnews.upenn.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: inugap2.news.prodigy.com
X-Newsreader: Version 1.2

Hello Dave, Thanks for the reply. Will give them a call tomorrow......
Rick



From dave@alkham.demon.co.uk Tue May 30 23:15:02 EDT 1995
Article: 1912 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!demon!alkham.demon.co.uk!dave
From: dave <dave@alkham.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Orientation of the hive
Date: 29 May 1995 23:38:19 +0100
Organization: First Circle
Lines: 9
Sender: news@news.demon.co.uk
Message-ID: <801764854snz@alkham.demon.co.uk>
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X-Posting-Host: alkham.demon.co.uk

I have observed my bees very carefully for some time now and they really
don't tend to get out of bed and go to work until the first glint of sunshine
hits the landing strip. Having said this, I am sure they would eventually 
even if the sun were to shine on the back of the hive. All I am saying is that
I think from observing the bees closely that it really is almost like a visual
alarm bell ... indeed to the extent that on cloudy days they will go to work
later!
-- 
Dave


From bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca Tue May 30 23:15:04 EDT 1995
Article: 1913 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!gw2.att.com!pacbell.com!nntp-hub2.barrnet.net!news3.near.net!paperboy.wellfleet.com!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!gatech!swrinde!hookup!news.Direct.CA!scipio.cyberstore.ca!vanbc.wimsey.com!unixg.ubc.ca!news.bc.net!news.mindlink.net!news
From: bill fernihough <bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Laying Worker Solution
Date: 30 May 1995 05:36:51 GMT
Organization: bc hydro
Lines: 14
Message-ID: <3qeatj$5aa@deep.rsoft.bc.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: line25.nwm.mindlink.net
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X-URL: news:sci.agriculture.beekeeping?ALL

I am responding to the beekeeper with the laying worker problem.  You 
can save the hive you have by introducing a new queen, but first you 
must get rid of the laying worker.  One way to do this is to move the 
hive, super at a time, full of bees, about 30 feet away at least, shake 
all the bees out on the ground, and put the empty supers back at the 
original location.  The theory is that the laying worker will not make 
it back to the hive, being heavy with eggs, and the bees will return to 
the hive so that the introduction of a new queen will then work.  You 
could also introduce a queen cell from a hive about to swarm, or just a 
frame of new eggs.  The new queen or queen cell will yield faster 
results.  Make sure you introduce within a few hours of shaking the 
bees.  good luck




From bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca Tue May 30 23:15:06 EDT 1995
Article: 1914 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!gw2.att.com!pacbell.com!nntp-hub2.barrnet.net!news3.near.net!paperboy.wellfleet.com!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!gatech!swrinde!hookup!news.Direct.CA!scipio.cyberstore.ca!vanbc.wimsey.com!unixg.ubc.ca!news.bc.net!news.mindlink.net!news
From: bill fernihough <bill_fernihough@mindlink.bc.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Orientation of the hive
Date: 30 May 1995 05:40:48 GMT
Organization: bc hydro
Lines: 8
Message-ID: <3qeb50$5aa@deep.rsoft.bc.ca>
References: <3qc3dg$gau@info.estec.esa.nl>
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To: krygh@vmprofs.estec.esa.nl
X-URL: news:3qc3dg$gau@info.estec.esa.nl

My experience supports the morning sun theory.  Not only will be the 
bees get out earlier, they will bring in honey sooner in the day.  Now, 
I can't say they will bring in more honey, as so many variables happen 
in a hive.  At midday, you are right, there is no difference in hive 
activity, and for most of the rest of the day, its that early morning 
start that makes the difference.




From rellsb1@gl.umbc.edu Tue May 30 23:15:07 EDT 1995
Article: 1915 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!purdue!haven.umd.edu!news.umbc.edu!umbc9.umbc.edu!rellsb1
From: Richard Tryzno Ellsberry <rellsb1@gl.umbc.edu>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: New Community Foresting Forum ...
Date: Tue, 30 May 1995 21:34:27 -0400
Organization: University of Maryland, Baltimore County
Lines: 16
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.91.950530213239.18377A-100000@umbc9.umbc.edu>
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Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
X-Sender: rellsb1@umbc9.umbc.edu


The TREE-HOUSE Discussion List For Community Foresting
is open to sub/urban horticultural groups, especially neighborhood
tree-growers.  To enlist, email to the following address, including:

subscribe tree-house

both as the subject and as the message.
(And nothing else is necessary.)
Send this message to:
< majordomo@lists.umbc.edu >
Thank you,

Richard, List Administrator < owner-tree-house@lists.umbc.edu >.




From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun Jun 11 23:26:37 EDT 1995
Article: 1936 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!night.primate.wisc.edu!sdd.hp.com!gatech!news.mathworks.com!uunet!tcsi.tcs.com!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Maryland State Beekeepers Association Summer Meeting
Date: Wed, 31 May 1995 15:30:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950531165926410@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 172       


*FYI* originally in conference IN-BEE LIST on Wild Bee's BBS
                    ----------------------------------------

From: David Bernard <dbernard@NCHGR.NIH.GOV>
Date:         Wed, 31 May 1995 10:03:51 +0500
Subject:      Maryland State Beekeepers Association Summer Meeting

The Maryland State Beekeepers Association is holding a 2 1/2 day conference
style summer meeting at Mt. St. Mary's College near Frederick, MD.  All
beekeepers are welcome to attend!!

For registration,room and board information, contact:

DAVID MORRIS,  9309 MONTPELIER DRIVE,  LAUREL, MD. 20708-2553
OR E-MAIL RESERVATIONS TO Beefriend@aol.com  (TELEPHONE: 301-725-6185)

The cost of the meeting, room, and board for the entire weekend is about $125.


Friday  June 16, 1995

10:00 AM        Welcome and Opening Remarks             David Morris
                                                        President, MSBA

10:15 AM        Cucurbit Pollination                    Maryann Frazier
                                                        State Apiculturist
                                                        Penn State University

11:00 AM        Problems Concerning Communication       Dr. David Fletcher
                During Queen Replacement                Bucknell University


11:45 AM - 1:00 PM      Lunch

1:00 - 5:30 PM  Honey Judging Workshop (runs concurrently with rest of program)

1:00 PM         Honey Bee Viruses: Recent Discoveries   Dr. Akey Hung
                in Maryland                             Research Entomologist
                                                        USDA, Beltsville, MD

1:45 PM         Feral and Commercial Honey Bee          Dr. Nathan Schiff
                Populations in the U.S.                 Research Entomologist
                                                        USDA, Beltsville, MD

2:30 PM         BREAK

2:45 PM         What Makes Honey Honey?                 Dr. Jill Snowden
                                                        National Honey Board
                                                        Consultant

3:30 PM         Bee Aware System                        Maryann Frazier

4:15 PM         BREAK

4:30 PM         Open Hive Workshops (with live bees!)

                  Hive Examination : Mock Master Beekeeper Field Exam
                  Splitting Hives: Swarm Control and colony increase



                Indoor Workshop

                  Making, Loading, Maintenance, and Use of Observation Hives




5:30 - 6:30 PM         Dinner



7:00 PM         Hive Hefting Contest - An aid in determining winter stores

                Master Beekeeper Panel - Question and Answer session
                          of previous Master Beekeepers Examinations


                Beekeepers Social





Saturday June 17, 1995

7:30 AM - 8:30 AM       BREAKFAST

8:45 AM        Opening Remarks                          David Morris


9:00 AM        Why Summer Requeening                    Dr. Gordon Allen-Wardel
l
               and How to Make it Work

9:45 AM        Keeping Warm, Keeping Cool               Dr. Edward Southwick
                                                        SUNY, College at
Brockport

10:30 AM         BREAK

10:45 AM       Parasitic Mites: The Effect              I. Barton Smith
               on Maryland Beekeeping                   State Apiary Inspector

11:15 AM       Bee Navigation: Where's Home?            Dr. Edward Southwick

12:00 PM - 1:00 PM      LUNCH

1:30 PM        What is IPM and How Can We Make it       Dr. Gordon Allen-Wardel
l
               Work for Maryland Beekeeping?

2:15 PM        Honey Adulteration                       Dr. Allen Brouse
                                                        Analytical Chemist
                                                        Columbia, MD

3:00 PM        BREAK

3:15 PM        Workshops - Repeated at 4:15 PM

               Open Hive Workshops (with live bees!)

                 Producing Comb Honey: The Killion Method
                 Inspector's Approach to Disease Inspection
                 Methods of Feeding Honey Bees
                 Medicating Bees: Proper Placement of Medications in the Hive
                 Finding the Queen: Methods and Techniques

               Indoor Workshops

                 Preparing Honey and Hive Products for Shows
                 Marking Queens
                 Marketing Honey
                 Installation of Package Bees





5:30 - 6:30   DINNER


6:30 PM        Bee Catching Contest!    A must if you are to learn
               how to handle the Queen for marking!




Sunday June 18, 1995

7:30 - 8:30 AM  BREAKFAST

9:00 AM        Opening Remarks                                 David Morris

9:10 AM        Indoor Workshops - repeated at 10 AM and 11 AM

                Cooking with Honey
                Allergies and Allergic Reactions to Bee Stings
                Bee Removal
                The Beekeepers Library
                Moving Bees
                Wax Working


12:00 AM        CHECK OUT AND GOOD BYE


David Bernard
Vice President, Maryland State Beekeepers
EAS Master Beekeeper
USA


From Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com Sun Jun 11 23:26:38 EDT 1995
Article: 1937 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Mark Dillow <Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mistaken Thunder
Date: 1 Jun 1995 18:39:42 GMT
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Just a guess, but perhaps it was the vibrations of the thunder 
that caused the reaction. I know (from personal experience!) 
that the vibrations from a gas powered weed trimmer can elicit 
a similar response.

Mark 



From Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com Sun Jun 11 23:26:39 EDT 1995
Article: 1938 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Mark Dillow <Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mistaken Thunder
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Just a guess, but perhaps it was the vibrations of the thunder 
that caused the reaction. I know (from personal experience!) 
that the vibrations from a gas powered weed trimmer can elicit 
a similar response.

Mark 



From crowther@rschp1.anu.edu.au Sun Jun 11 23:26:40 EDT 1995
Article: 1939 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Jeff <crowther@rschp1.anu.edu.au>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Stings and Blindness
Date: 1 Jun 1995 07:15:55 GMT
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andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur) wrote:
>
>  What to do if a live honey bee gets in your ear?..
>
>  This is not an everyday occurrence but it does happen once in a
>lifetime. Maybe less today, but in yester year when bee hives were
>loaded by hand at night they would at times become very crawly and 

I was unlucky enough to be stung in the ear once. I'm not usually 
worried by beestings much but this one time my ear swelled and I had a 
ringing in the ear for some time. The bee was pissed off I must admit. I 
was walking past some flowers just as the bee flew out. Both of us were 
rather surprised as the bee went straight in and the bee happened to 
react first.

Not something I recommend

Regards 
Jeff C.




From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun Jun 11 23:26:41 EDT 1995
Article: 1940 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: CENTRAL CALIFORNIA
Date: Thu,  1 Jun 1995 14:41:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950601074504417@beenet.com>
Organization: Wild Bee's BBS
Distribution: world
Lines: 38        

06/01/95 Wild Bee's BBS

WILD FLOWER HONEY FLOWS ON!

     Warmer weather, 80-90 degrees F., have started and increased the
honey flow's from Central California Coastal SAGE, and the Wild
Buckwheat flowers on the eastern slops of the Coast Range. Supering,
extracting, and movement out to early melon pollination job's continues.

     Weather continues to be unusual in that upper level low's are
moving through the area at about weekly intervals causing much high
clouds and little rain. The bee's at time have be as mad as junk yard
dog's in response to the changes in barometric pressures which start and
stop flows. Conditions have been excellent for the growth of all
plants and fall bee pasture plants are up and doing well. Beekeepers
are optimistic and expect a real good crop from the Sage and
Wild Buckwheat, but the Sage Honey production was reduced in the
earlier areas due to the cool weather.

      Movement to out of state summer pasture continues with optimistical
hopes for a good crop.

              o        o             ttul Andy-
        __     \______/     __
       \   \   / \  / \   /   /
         \   \| (O)(O) |/   /
        -.OOOo----<>----oOOO.-  Ok, buddy, I ain't no
        |                    |  "Junk Yard dog"!
        |   WILD BEE'S BBS   |
        |                    |  Show me your's and I will
        |    209-826-8107    |    show you mine.
        |                    |
        |                    |--->>>
        |____________Oooo.___|      '
             .oooO   (   )           '
             (   )    ) /
              \ (    (_/
               \_)


From seavey@sun15.cs.wisc.edu Sun Jun 11 23:26:42 EDT 1995
Article: 1941 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: seavey@sun15.cs.wisc.edu (Beverly Seavey)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: How much does feverfew discourage bees?
Date: 1 Jun 1995 15:52:54 GMT
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I'm planting a garden for my bees consisting of flowers they are
reputed to really like. WHat should I put right at the border with
the neighbors' property, so they won't see too many bees or 
brush up against them?

I've read that feverfew discourages bees. If I just put a border of feverfew
will that discourage them from using the rest of the garden? I.e. how
far is the sphere of influence of feverfew?
.



From pollinator@aol.com Sun Jun 11 23:26:43 EDT 1995
Article: 1942 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: A Case of Pollination Failure
Date: 1 Jun 1995 22:43:37 -0400
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                                6-1-95
   I often check fields for pollinator activity.  Last week I looked at a
watermelon field, with no beehives in sight, and on several counts,
averaged 35 - 40 bees (all honeybees) sighted in one minute.  I do not
know if there were wild bees, or beehives placed out of sight.  It was
about four acres, and was just beginning to bloom.  It was bounded by
swampland with hardwood forest, so there could have been some wild
honeybees.

   Today, I looked at a 60 acre field that was a dismal sight.  It was
planted March 15 and should have some nearly ripe fruit.  There was a
scattering of crown bloom that looked fairly good, but it was very sparse.
 Fruit that formed within the past two to three weeks was mostly
grotesquely deformed, and fruit that formed in the last week mostly
consisted of small wrinkled sacks that probably will soon drop off.

   The farmer, a young man, was very discouraged.  He had spent a lot of
time removing deformed fruit.  The vines had been planted early, and
looked healthy and vigorous.  There was a lot of bloom.

   At mid-morning (maximum pollinator activity) on a partly cloudy, 80
degree day (ideal pollinating weather) with plenty of soil moisture, I
watched for five minutes and saw only 2 honeybees and 2 tiny solitary
bees.

   The farmer had not yet identified his problem, though he knew he had
one.  He was just beginning to suspect pollination.  He said he had seen
carpenter bees working some on the early bloom, and he showed me their
nest sites in an old packhouse.  This would account for the earlier set,
but they had gone into the dormant period about 2 - 3 weeks ago.   Thank
God for carpenter bees (which so many people are determined to
exterminate)!

   There was a large acreage of woodland surrounding, but it had all been
clearcut, removing wild honeybee next sites.

   I tell growers of vine crops that they should be able to stand still in
the field during maximum pollinator activity, and count 50 bees of any
kind within one minute.  Then they know they are in good shape.

   Three years ago, in the majority of watermelon, cuke, cantaloupe, and
squash fields, we achieved that count easily after placing the hives. 
Today, the majority of the fields fall below that level, even after we
place the bees. 

   While carpenter bees were plentiful throughout the area this spring, I
have yet to locate any bumblebee nests, and have seen only a dozen or so
foraging.  I usually see a lot of solitary bees on cucurbits.  These are
also very rare this year.  I had severe losses last season during cotton
bloom from pesticide misuse, and I assume the bumble bees and solitary
bees were affected similarly to honeybees.  Cotton acreage has increased
dramatically in the past three years, and misuse of pesticides is making
me seriously think of quitting.

   I also watch markets closely.  The early watermelons from south Florida
had many symtoms of poor pollination; less than 25% appeared well
pollinated.  The last pickings did improve somewhat.
Right now the melons are coming in from north Florida and south Georgia,
and they look pretty good, with 65 - 70% well pollinated.

    Very few consumers, and even a surprising number of growers don't know
why the melons are of such poor quality.

   This young man did everything right, except pollination, and could have
made a killing on the early market, but he will only have late, and low
priced melons now.  I hope he does not get discouraged and quit.  We have
so few young farmers.

Copyright, 1995,  Dave Green
Permission granted to reproduce for non profit purposes, with attribution.
 Contact author for commercial reproduction.

Pollinator@aol.com    Dave Green
Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC   29554
Pollinator@aol.com                                   Dave Green
Dave's Pollination Service         Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC    29554


From pollinator@aol.com Sun Jun 11 23:26:44 EDT 1995
Article: 1943 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Plastic foundation opinions, please
Date: 1 Jun 1995 22:43:39 -0400
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Mark Dillow <Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com>:
>After being a hobbiest for about 5 years now, I have come to 
the point that I am willing to pay more for plastic foundation 
(Duraguilt or Pierco) in order to save time.

  Is a hobbiest the greatest of all hobbyists?

>My question is, what are your opinions concerning these two 
products? Are they readily accepted by the bees? If the wax 
gets chewed off the plastic, will the bees eventually rebuild 
on the plastic foundation midrib?

   I use almost exclusively Duragilt, as I also do not have time to wire
frames.  Duragilt will not be rebuilt by the bees, after the plastic is
exposed.  A wired frame is still the best, though I don't have too many
left.  I haven't compared prices lately, but isn't Duragilt about the same
as wired foundation?

   I was given a dozen Pierco frames by a sales rep about four years ago. 
I placed one each in the center of brood nests of a dozen hives.  Only a
couple have ever been drawn.  The rest still sit there, unused.  Would you
like them?
They are also very brittle in cold weather.   Sorry Pierco folks.  I know
you try.

   Try a few and see if they work for you.  Good luck.
Pollinator@aol.com                                   Dave Green
Dave's Pollination Service         Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC    29554


From larryk@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu Sun Jun 11 23:26:45 EDT 1995
Article: 1944 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: larryk@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu (LA Kellogg lawrence a 2023833558)
Subject: Ride Needed to Maryland Beekeeper's Meeting
Message-ID: <D9J03x.JB9@aplcenmp.apl.jhu.edu>
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Date: Fri, 2 Jun 1995 03:23:56 GMT
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Hello,
  My car is dead and I need a ride to the Maryland State Beekeepers Meeting. I 
live in the Silver Spring area. I'll split the gas. Drop me a note or call 
(301)-593-7471.        

      Regards,

       Larry Kellogg


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Sun Jun 11 23:26:45 EDT 1995
Article: 1945 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How much does feverfew discourage bees?
Date: Fri, 02 Jun 95 07:31:09 EDT
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In article <3qknom$p9s@spool.cs.wisc.edu>
seavey@sun15.cs.wisc.edu (Beverly Seavey) writes:
 
>
>I'm planting a garden for my bees consisting of flowers they are
>reputed to really like. WHat should I put right at the border with
>the neighbors' property, so they won't see too many bees or
>brush up against them?
>
 
A fence! ;)


From pollinator@aol.com Sun Jun 11 23:26:46 EDT 1995
Article: 1946 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: A Case of Pollination Failure
Date: 3 Jun 1995 15:44:54 -0400
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camschel@ix.netcom.com (Peter Amschel):

>  That is a sad story, about the young farmer and the crop failure. Is
there a moral to the story?

    Do we need to improve our pollination education?

    The extent of knowledge on pollination, even of many involved in
agriculture is a general impression that bees are good, but little
knowledge of specifics.

    You can go to many markets and immediately identify half - pollinated,
poor quality produce.  You'd be amazed how even extension agents will see
a poorly pollinated squash, cuke, or melon and immediately identify dry
weather as the culprit.  Of course I hadn't told them that it was from an
irrigated field.

    Some crops you can't see the loss so clearly, but you can taste it. 
Much of the fruit that you think isn't ripe, isn't ripe because it can't
ripen; it is only partly pollinated.  Had any starchy apples lately? 
Count the seeds.  Threw away the last cantaloupe without finishing it?

    A study a few years back comparing cantaloupe fields stocked at one
hive per acre, and three hives per acre, showed almost seven tons per acre
more production with the higher rate.  Interestingly a large part of this
weight was in sugar.  Yup, the bees put the sweetness in!    Well actually
the pollination process releases the chemicals that cause growth and
ripening.  If only half the seeds are pollinated......

    They say, the bee goes to the flower, and the fruit SETS.  What kind
of fruit?
I want a quality fruit.


Pollinator@aol.com                                   Dave Green
Dave's Pollination Service         Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC    29554


From scheuren@stpt.usf.edu Sun Jun 11 23:26:48 EDT 1995
Article: 1947 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: "John Scheuren (ADM)" <scheuren@stpt.usf.edu>
Newsgroups: alt.agriculture.misc,alt.agriculture.fruit,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: WANTED MINATURE HEDGEHOGS (BREEDING STOCK)
Date: Sat, 3 Jun 1995 18:49:58 -0400
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I think I saw some at TOYS R US, some had rips, but most were OK.


From wier@dolphin.md.fsl.noaa.gov Sun Jun 11 23:26:50 EDT 1995
Article: 1954 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: wier@dolphin.md.fsl.noaa.gov (Stuart Wier)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: beginner needs sources of supply to house swarm
Date: 05 Jun 1995 17:35:03 GMT
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Hello all,

Several years ago a friend installed two hives on my property.
Now I would like to take over maintaining them. 

We just moved a swarm into a new empty hive. By luck we
just happend to have some supplies; I had to make a temporary
base and top from wood at hand.  The swarm is
large and we need to add a super and frames to the hive soon,
preferably in a day or so.

The local bee keeping supply store (north of Denver area) has
closed. 

Can you suggest a phone-order dealer in supplies who ships
quickly, and one I can use routinely in the future? Or perhaps
a supplier close to Boulder?

Any recommendations for good guide books for beginners?

Mail direct to wier@fsl.noaa.gov is fine

Yours,

Stuart Wier


From ccoplan@infi.net Sun Jun 11 23:26:51 EDT 1995
Article: 1955 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ccoplan@infi.net (Chris Coplan)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: beginner needs sources of supply to house swarm
Date: Mon, 05 Jun 1995 16:48:36 -0400
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In article <WIER.95Jun5113503@dolphin.md.fsl.noaa.gov>,
wier@dolphin.md.fsl.noaa.gov (Stuart Wier) wrote:

> Can you suggest a phone-order dealer in supplies who ships
> quickly, and one I can use routinely in the future? Or perhaps
> a supplier close to Boulder?

_____

Shipping for that stuff is expensive - I've JUST started, but I ordered my
stuff from Brushy Mountain Bee Farm
610 Bethany Church Rd.
Moravian Falls, NC 28654
1-800-233-7929
Fax - 1-910-921-2681

Chris Coplan
ccoplan@infi.net


From mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com Sun Jun 11 23:26:52 EDT 1995
Article: 1956 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mvdfv@mvuts.mv.att.com (-verville d.f.)
Subject: Red Bees
Message-ID: <D9q93I.LM3@nntpa.cb.att.com>
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I added red food coloring to my observation hive feeder
and now I have red bees!  Not all red but you can clearly
see the honey stomach in the front section of the abdomen.
I also noticed that they are storing it and it still is red.
Nice band of red around the brood.
I'm going to try different colors next.
Rainbow comb honey!
Dave Verville Plaistow, NH
att!mvtowers!mvdfv


From mah48d@rohmhaas.com Sun Jun 11 23:26:53 EDT 1995
Article: 1957 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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Date: Mon, 5 Jun 1995 12:34:39 -0400
From: mah48d@rohmhaas.com (John E. Taylor III)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Distribution: world
Subject: How To Re-Use Hive and Comb from Varroa Infected Colony?
Message-ID: <mah48d-050695123626@wm48d.ho.rohmhaas.com>
Organization: Rohm and Haas Company
Lines: 19

	   I've got a single colony of healthy bees that haven't yet needed
treatment for varroa.  Last Friday a friend brought over a hive (single
deep brood chamber), complete with freshly extracted comb, that had shown
symptoms discussed here earlier: lots of honey, no bees at all.  As I
recall, the concensus was varroa.

	   So my friend says, "I put the hive body in your back yard."  I
immediately envision varroa mites all over my nice healthy girls, run grab
the hive body and put it in the basement away from the bees.  I plan to put
the extracted comb in the freezer for a while to prevent wax-moth damage,
and to flame the inside of the empty hive body with the propane torch.
We'd like to use the hive and comb to re-start another colony from my bees.

	   Question: Do varroa mites leave or die when the bees leave a hive, or
does the risk of infecting a healthy colony remain?  Will freezing or
flaming also kill any mites that are present?

--
John Taylor    (W3ZID)      |  "The opinions expressed are those of the
e-mail: mah48d@rohmhaas.com |   writer and not of Rohm and Haas Company."


From jmvandyck@quick.cc.fundp.ac.be Sun Jun 11 23:26:54 EDT 1995
Article: 1958 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!newshost.marcam.com!zip.eecs.umich.edu!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!EU.net!Belgium.EU.net!chaos.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be!idefix.CS.kuleuven.ac.be!news.fundp.ac.be!Newsmaster
From: jmvandyck@quick.cc.fundp.ac.be
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Sterilizing for AFB (was newbee question)
Date: Tue,  6 Jun 95 12:22:26 GMT
Organization: Fac. Univ. Namur
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Hi bee-lovers !

>In article <D9Ly1u.Bxs@eskimo.com>, lamer <koehn@eskimo.com> asked:
>>
>>What is the best way to sterilize my equipment for AFB ?

On 5 Jun 1995 11:28:13  <adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu> Adam Finkelstein answered:

> ...[cut]

> If you want to save the frames, remove all the comb and offending AFB,
> then soak the frames in the following solutions:

> Frame Baths: 
> 4 oz. sodium hypochlorite: 100 gal H2O   or ...
> 1 gal Chlorox: 100 gal H20               or ...
> 1 lb lye: 10 gal H2O

> All H2O is HOT (almost boiling)
> All this stuff is nasty, so be careful.

For the best results (i.e.: no more AFB)

1/ pay attention that all the stuff (old wax and old propolis) is quite
   removed from the frames : the wood must be as clean as new !  For these
   results, the water must bee very HOT and the bath time about 10-15 min !
   Remove the floating stuff with a skimmer before removing the clean frames.

2/ for the hives, pay attention to the high stuff rooms = frames
   supports and bottom of the hive : the bottom is the richest spores
   material : dip it also in the frames alcaline solution

2/ don't pour away this dirty water in a place where the bees will
   ever drink !

3/ try to dip completely your clean material (super, bottom, top and
   new foundation frames -complete with the wax foundation) in a 0.2%
   solution of lauric acid in methanol (20 g of lauric acid in 10 lt of
   methyl alcohol) : dip, remove, drain and completely dry before to
   shake the bees.  Each remaining spores will coated with a strong
   inhibitor.

4/ let the bees without any sugar solution for one or two days to
   perform the digestion of the bacteria located in their honey stomach.
   Kneating the wax with lauric acid will coat the spores remaining in
   the mouthparts of the nurse bees.  Afterthat, feed with 2 lt of
   a sugar solution (1/1).

5/ don't share the material of this hive with another before your are
   sure there is no more infection ! In my opinion, at least a year,
   maybe 2 ! Label this hive and pay a special attention to its brood !!

Hope this helps.

Jean-Marie Van Dyck <jmvandyck@cc.fundp.ac.be>


From Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com Sun Jun 11 23:26:55 EDT 1995
Article: 1959 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!natinst.com!news.dell.com!news
From: Mark Dillow <Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: beginner needs sources of supply to house swarm
Date: 6 Jun 1995 18:58:42 GMT
Organization: Dell Computer Corporation
Lines: 23
Message-ID: <3r28h2$m2h@uudell.us.dell.com>
References: <WIER.95Jun5113503@dolphin.md.fsl.noaa.gov> <ccoplan-0506951648360001@h-nadine.norfolk.infi.net>
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ccoplan@infi.net (Chris Coplan) wrote:
>In article <WIER.95Jun5113503@dolphin.md.fsl.noaa.gov>,
>wier@dolphin.md.fsl.noaa.gov (Stuart Wier) wrote:
>
>> Can you suggest a phone-order dealer in supplies who ships
>> quickly, and one I can use routinely in the future? Or perhaps
>> a supplier close to Boulder?

A couple of mail order companies that I have been pleased with 
are:
Walter T. Kelley Co.
3107 Elizabethtown Rd. 
P.O. Box 240
Clarkson, Ky 42726-0240
1-800-23-2899

Mann Lake Ltd.
County Rd 40 & First St. 
Hackensack Mn 56452
1-800-233-6663

Mark



From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Sun Jun 11 23:26:56 EDT 1995
Article: 1960 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!news.ultranet.com!news.sprintlink.net!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
From: Gordon Scott <Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: A Case of Pollination Failure
Date: 6 Jun 1995 17:49:48 +0100
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In article <3qoq43$mda@ixnews3.ix.netcom.com>
           camschel@ix.netcom.com "Peter Amschel" writes:

> That is a sad story, about the young farmer and the crop failure. Is
> there a moral to the story?

There are many morals to a story like that, and IMHO we must all try  to
see  as  many as we can.  I find it satisfying and encouraging that Dave
looks so closely at the whole picture.  We have here a guy of many years
experience who knows that the 'youngsters' must _learn_ the truth.  Just
telling us/them that they have to do X, Y and Z is not enough -- we/they
have  to  _understand_  it  too.   True wisdom, I think.  I hope I shall
eventually match his hopes and expectations.

Regards,
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From owenathome@rsnz.govt.nz Sun Jun 11 23:26:56 EDT 1995
Article: 1961 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!kuroshio.ccpo.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!news.larc.nasa.gov!lerc.nasa.gov!magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news-e1a.megaweb.com!newstf01.news.aol.com!uunet!munnari.oz.au!comp.vuw.ac.nz!watsonathome.rsnz.govt.nz!user
From: owenathome@rsnz.govt.nz (Owen Watson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bees can count!
Date: Wed, 07 Jun 1995 08:17:19 +1200
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I haven't seen this mentioned here, but has anyone seen the New Scientist
article "Busy bees have a gift for numbers" (4 March 95?). It talks about
German research that says bees can count and implies that they can
communicate it to other bees. Interesting stuff, especially when you
consider that some human races can't count above 2...
................................................................................................................
Owen Watson


From pollinator@aol.com Sun Jun 11 23:26:57 EDT 1995
Article: 1962 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Poisoned Livestock vs  Old Fashioned Values
Date: 7 Jun 1995 02:43:36 -0400
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    My Daddy told me, if I lived a clean life and worked hard, I would
prosper.  Daddy lied, because he assumed we live in a just society.  An
acquaintance suggested that, if the state won't let me make an honest
living;
I should try crime.  I just can't accept that. In my heart I still want to
believe my Daddy.  But I have lost some of the drive to work hard. I am
tired
of having it stolen from me.

   If any other kind of farmer had a tenth of the poisoning of his
livestock
that I have had, he would have had all kinds of support, and the poisoners
would be held accountable.  Will you help?

   I am a pollination specialist - a beekeeper who provides bees to
pollinate
our crops.  Rather than make honey, I am paid for the pollination service.
It is a reliable business, in that the demand for bees continues to
increase
rapidly.  Growers need bees more than ever.  Poorly pollinated fruit and
vegetables are often seen at the market, and account for the lousy taste
in
many cases. But, in order to maintain the business, I have to keep the
bees
alive and healthy.  Mites and other factors have hurt, but the answers are
in
my hands, if I just become more skilled.  Pesticide misuse is the only
factor
that is completely out of my hands.

   The bureaucrats have devised a perfect bureaucratic *solution* to THEIR
problem.  When a violation or bee kill is reported, they do a whole lot of
paperwork, and absolutely nothing else. After a while, beekeepers get
cynical
and no longer report incidents.  PRESTO!  *The problem is solved!   We do
not
have any bee kills or bee label violations in our jurisdiction.*  As long
as
they get away with it, nothing improves.

   I am in process of filing a million dollar civil rights claim on
certain
officials (ex officio and personally) for refusing to implement and
enforce
pesticide label directions that protect bees (my livelihood), despite ten
years of pleading for protection from illegal pesticide misuse.  This is a
seizure of my property without compensation and a denial of equal
protection
under the law.

   Every time my business begins to look good, with the hive count up,
with
healthy strong hives, I am struck down again.  My hive count is down a lot
>from  last years pesticide losses from multiple violations of label
directions.  I filmed one violation at our Clemson Extension Pee Dee
research
station on cotton.

   With the refusal to enforce the law,  the frequency of violations, and
the
increase of cotton acreage, I can see the end of my pollination business
in
sight.  So much of my hard work and productivity has gone down the drain. 
I
have no health insurance, no nest egg, no real estate, & no retirement. 
It
has been stolen from me, time and again, by pesticide misuse.  I have
fewer
hives this year, but they are in excellent shape.  Will they be at the end
of
the spray season?   I am tired, and I do not have the energy anymore to
build
back up.

   I have therefore decided to focus on those who have taken all this
away,
those who have refused to implement and enforce pesticide law.

   Clemson Extension continues to provide pesticide recommendations:
a) as if label directions for bees did not exist, thereby indicating to
applicators that these are optional and not enforceable.  Sometimes it is
actually stated in such terms.
b) for materials which are bound to be in violation of bee label
directions if not qualified, ie.  non residual materials for use on
blooming
crops without the warning that a prior determination must be made that
bees
are not foraging.
c) which plainly recommended misuse, with residual materials which will
have
bees
foraging within the residual life of the material.
d) which recommend alternatives such as notification of beekeepers to
circumvent applicator compliance with pesticide label directions.  The
labels
protect all foraging bees, whether Apis or non-Apis, whether feral or
domestic, and whether on the property of the application or off; this
circumvention protects only those who have a human defender, and only if
he
is able to do so (apparently at his own
expense!)

   For several years I have asked Clemson Extension leadership to provide
help to applicators in complying with the label directions.  I have seen
no
discernable effort to do so, and the Director of Clemson Extension has
never
bothered to answer my letters.

    The proper role of extension is to aid the applicators, by teaching
them
when bees will be foraging, so they can take steps to comply PRIOR to
application,
ie: what crops (& weeds) are attractive to bees, when they bloom, and how
to
monitor to determine when bees will not be foraging.

   I have a flow chart, which is part of an educational package for
applicators, which I cannot send electronically, but which I will gladly
provide anyone for SASE

   I would be glad to answer any other questions.



Here is a paper on some common misinterpretations and circumventions of
bee
label directions:

>>PESTICIDE LABELS AND BEES
   What the Labels Clearly Do and Do Not Say 
  (- Often Misrepresented and Misunderstood)
  Along with Logical, Common Sense Implications

   There are two types of  messages about bees on many insecticide labels,
which
are placed under environmental hazards.  These give specific instructions
which are statements of the pesticide law for that particular pesticide. 
One
indicates hazard by direct contact only.  Example:  (Imidan  -Trade Mark)
*This product is highly toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment on
blooming
crops or weeds. Do not apply this product or allow it to drift to blooming
crops while bees are actively visiting the treatment area.*

    Others also indicate a hazard by direct contact and by residues.
Example:  Penncap M  -Trade Mark) *THIS PRODUCT IS HIGHLY TOXIC TO BEES,
exposed to direct treatment or residues on crops or blooming weeds.  Do
not
apply this product or allow it to drift to blooming crops or weeds if bees
are visiting the areas to be treated.*

    Both types prohibit application while bees are foraging. obviously the
ones with no residual effect are safe for use around bees, provided that
they
are not foraging at the time of application. Those that are clearly marked
as
residual would logically be prohibited if bees forage within the residual
activity period of the pesticide, in other words
on any plant that is attractive to bees, during the bloom period of that
plant.

1.  It is the applicator's responsibility to comply with the label
directions.  This responsibility cannot be transferred to beekkeepers or
any
other party.  The applicator has chosen to use a material with
environmental
hazards, in this case hazards to pollinators, and it is his responsibility
to
use it safely by complying with label directions.

2.  The directions refer to the foraging bees, not the bee hives.  It is
irrelevant therefore whether the hives are placed on the property to be
sprayed, or whether they come from other properties within foraging range
of
the bees.  Removing hives from the property where application will occur
does
not necessarily indicate compliance with label directions, bees may be
coming
>from  adjacent properties or unknown colonies on the property.

3.  The label directions protect the foraging bees in the application
area,
whether the bees are kept or feral, and they protect all bees, whether
honeybees, solitary bees, or bumblebees (non-Apis bees).

4.  Many crops and even weeds are highly attractive to bees during their
blossom period. Compliance with label directions would logically indicate
a
necessity for applicators, who use materials with bee protection
directions,
to have a minimum knowledge of what blooms are attractive, and to have
some
system of monitoring to see if foraging bees are present.  Failure to
monitor, prior to application,  when there is bloom attractive to bees, is
negligent. The proper role of extension and other pesticide advisors would
be
to educate applicators on situations where bees will be foraging, and help
him monitor, so that he can avoid violations.

5.  Communication with beekeepers, while certainly a good idea, does not
release applicators from compliance with label directions, and demands
that
beekeepers take the responsibility for protection of the bees indicates
intent to wilfully misuse a pesticide, which changes violations from civil
to
criminal status.

6.  A public official, who encourages applicators to demand that
beekeepers
take the responsibility for protection of bees is:
     a.  Recommending pesticide misuse - he is substituting an alternative
in
lieu of compliance with pesticide label directions.
     b.  He is committing a malfeasance, in substituting a system that
only
protects the bees which have a human defender.
     c.  He is seizing the property of the beekeepers involved, without
compensation, in violation of Ammentment V of the Constitution of the
United
States of America. It is the  proper and logical role of public pesticide
advisors to teach
applicators how to comply with label directions, ie. how to establish
whether
bees will be foraging in the application area.

7.  On crops which are known to be attractive to bees, it is a negligent
recommendation of pesticide misuse, to recommend use of an insecticide
which
has a direct contact type of label direction, without a warning that use,
while bees are foraging, is in violation.  It is even more a
recommendation
of misuse to recommend a pesticide with a residual type of label direction
at
any time during bloom, because bees will be foraging during the residual
life
of the pesticide.

    I have seen hundreds of bee kills from pesticides.  Every single case
has
involved a violation of label directions.  NO EXCEPTIONS.  If bee
directions
on pesticide labels are scrupulously followed, the poisonings of our
pollinators will drop to negligible levels.

   The law is a good one, but it is given only lip service.  It has not
been
implemented into pesticide recommendations, which often give applicators
an
alternative to circumvent label directions - that of sloughing off
responsibility to beekeepers.  This is the pre-FIFRA system, which never
did
work, and has cost billions in lost pollination by killing off feral bees
and
making beekeeping unprofitable.

   FIFRA set aside the previous precedent.  It made the applicators
responsible by specific label directions, directions which they often find
inconvenient, and have sought to evade ever since.  They have been aided
by
authorities, who advise alternatives to compliance, and who refuse to
enforce
the clear meaning of the label directions.  It is time for reform.

    Public officials who advise applicators how to circumvent compliance
with
label directions must be held responsible for this seizure of the property
of
the beekeepers without compensation, a violation of Ammendment 5 of the
Constitution of the United States.



   *All the world's people can be divided into three groups; those who
make
things happen, those who watch things happen, and those who haven't the
vaguest idea what's happening.*





Pollinator@aol.com                                   Dave Green
Dave's Pollination Service         Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC    29554


From pollinator@aol.com Sun Jun 11 23:26:58 EDT 1995
Article: 1963 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!news.larc.nasa.gov!lerc.nasa.gov!magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news-e1a.megaweb.com!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: ORCHARD FLOOR MANAGEMENT
Date: 7 Jun 1995 02:43:24 -0400
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Increase risks for misusers, reduce them for bees.

    Many orchardist forget their beekeeper after pollination is
accomplished
- until he is needed again the following spring.  Meanwhile, he may be
fighting for survival from one pesticide hit after another, often these
are
caused by his neighbors, the fruit growers, who most need him, although
misuse on other crops, and mosquito and gypsy moth programs that ignore
label
directions can also cause hits.  

    Good orchard floor management is crucial to maintenance of pollinator
populations.  In apple orchards the most hazardous time of the year for
bees
is now approaching, with clover beginning to bloom in southern locations,
and
not far off in northern ones.

    Broad spectrum insecticide applications on blooming clover and other
weeds attractive to bees in orchard floors have been a major factor in bee
losses, making beekeeping unprofitable, and driving some beekeepers out of
business.  It has also decimated some wild non-Apis pollinator
populations.

   Poor honey markets of the past few years have temporarily helped
orchardists, because many beekeepers have turned to pollination to
supplement
or even provide a majority of their income.  But they cannot survive, if
they
cannot keep the bees alive.  Each year there are fewer and fewer bees
available.

   Mites and other factors have also reduced the supply.  However, each
problem that faces the beekeeper today can be met by becoming a better
beekeeper or better businessman, EXCEPT the problem of pesticide MISuse,
which is in the hands of the pesticide applicators, those who advise them,
and those who enforce pesticide laws.

    A South Carolina peach orchard has already provided a $1500 hit on a
local beekeeper. An official investigation is not yet done but the
probable
cause is Penncap M (trademark), applied in violation of label directions
on a
lush mustard bloom on the orchard floor. I also observed a suspected
violation of this type.

    It is crucial that fruit growers take a hard look at the orchard floor
prior to insecticide applications to see if there is any clover, mustard,
wild mints, or other blooming weed that is attractive to bees.  In some
cases
a temporary removal of bloom immediately prior to application by mowing is
possible.  It is however a long term problem, and herbicide control of
these
bee-attractive plants is the only long term solution.

   If the material is hazardous to bees, the label will so state under
Environmental Hazards, and prohibit application while bees are foraging.
Some
non-residual materials (look at the label directions to see if the only
reference is to toxicicty by direct contact) could be legally and safely
used
during the hours bees are not foraging.  Some kind of monitoring would be
necessary to identify a safe and legal time for the application. Other
materials have residual effects (again look at the directions) and since
bees
will forage within the residual life of the pesticide, bloom removal is
required for compliance.

   Beekeepers are becoming aware of the legal protection given to the
foraging bee (yes, she has the legal right-of-way, if the label says so)
and
are becoming more active to seek enforcement.  Some, like myself, who have
been afraid of repercussions, in the past have seen that the business is
now
impossible anyway with the current level of losses, so have decided to
report
ALL violations and bee kills.

   Last year a New York beekeeper settled out of court for an undisclosed
sum
>from  an applicator who was under threat of a citation and possible
certification loss for violations on blooming sweet corn, and other
vegetables.
 
    Some volunteer beekeepers will be organizing beekeepers' neighborhood
watches to monitor pesticide applications to see if they comply with label
directions that protect bees.



The optimist sees things as he wishes them to be.  He lives in a rosy
dream
world.
The pessimist sees things as he fears.  He's as sour as a year-old pickle.
The realist sees things as they are.  He rejoices in the good, and combats
the evil.

Pollinator@aol.com                                   Dave Green
Dave's Pollination Service         Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC    29554


From altabios@bham.ac.uk Sun Jun 11 23:26:59 EDT 1995
Article: 1964 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!night.primate.wisc.edu!sdd.hp.com!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!warwick!bham!usenet
From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Multiple eggs in each cell!
Date: 7 Jun 1995 12:42:24 GMT
Organization: Alta Bioscience
Lines: 19
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In article <LEUPPDG%DFEE.16@pcmail.usafa.af.mil>, LEUPPDG%DFEE@pcmail.usafa.af.mil (DAVID G. LEUPP) says:
>
>
>Several weeks ago I started two new hives from package bees.  One hive has 
>been noticeably less active than the other.  Upon opening the less active 
>hive yesterday, I failed to find the queen, but noticed that many cells have 
>two or three eggs laid in them.  I've never seen this before.  What's 
>happening?  Is it possible that I've lost the queen, and have laying worker(
>s)??!!
>
>Dave


Yes, it sounds like a laying worker. I had a similar
problem with a weak stock several years ago. I killed the 
hive off and started again, although someone may have had
the experience of trying to re-queen.

John Fox


From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Sun Jun 11 23:27:00 EDT 1995
Article: 1965 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!demon!tecman.demon.co.uk!khooker
From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Red Bees
Date: 8 Jun 1995 14:00:33 +0100
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Several years ago when I was testing the repellant affect of various 
chemicals we mixed green food colouring with the syrup containing the 
various different brews and the controls.  see Solomon & Hooker(1989), 
J.apic.Res 28(4) 223-227

The result was areas of green honey in some hives (but not all), in the end 
I extracted by uncapping and allowing it to drain.  The green honey 
filled a 2LB jar and I still use it to confuse other beekeepers who 
know it all!

Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
Technology Management Ltd
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)



From bill.fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca Sun Jun 11 23:27:01 EDT 1995
Article: 1966 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: bill.fernihough@bchydro.bc.ca (bill fernihough)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Maryland Beekeepers Meeting
Date: Thu, 08 Jun 1995 07:30:36 -0800
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Sorry I won't be able to make it this year.
-- 
honey is sweeter than wine


From grw@oce216.bwi.wec.com Sun Jun 11 23:27:06 EDT 1995
Article: 1967 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: grw@oce216.bwi.wec.com (Gary Welzenbach)
Subject: Permenant Foundation
Message-ID: <1995Jun7.203048.2376@tron.bwi.wec.com>
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I read earlier on the usenet about permenant foundation. I was curious
if there was more than one type other than Permadent. Has anyone used 
permadent and what kind of results? How does it work in a extrator? 
Any info welcome.
                                Thanks
                                    Gary Welzenbach 


From westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov Sun Jun 11 23:27:07 EDT 1995
Article: 1968 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov (Doug Westphal)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Old comb/honey: Usable?
Date: 8 Jun 1995 17:04:19 GMT
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Hi, I'm Doug from 'Save-a-Buck Apiaries'     ;-)

So far this spring I've captured two swarms in my bait hives.
Neither had varroa mites. I don't know of any other apiaries within
a couple of miles so maybe the feral population isn't too bad
off around here (near Santa Cruz, California).

Now to business ... I looked in the FAQ and the hints.xxx and
in recent Bee-L posting but didn't find information on the following:

What can a cheap bastard do with frames unused for two years
(assuming no diseases) including:

1. Frames of capped honey. Some is still capped and looks
   good; some is weeping (I guess absorbing water);
   some smells a little funky (fermented?)

   Can I put the supers on my hives and let the bees clean it up?
   They could probably dehydrate the honey again.
   Or will any fermented honey give them digestion problems?

   Should I extract it now and then feed it back to them this
   winter with appropriate prophylactic drugs (sulpha?) ?

   Should I extract the honey and throw it out?

2. Super frames of brood comb. Has some honey in the corners,
   capped brood (dead, of course), and moldy pollen.

   I have tried giving frames with old pollen to my hive before. They
   clean out some of the pollen and throw it outside, but they don't seem
   to clean up the whole mess so I end up with only a partially
   effective frame.


I apologize to the commercial guys for this posting; I assume they would
just pitch the whole lot, but it all adds up to $$ for me and hobbys aren't
as much fun when you are spending money! Obviously I have more time than
money if I'm messing with the bait hives.

Thanks
-- 
Doug Westphal
Ben Lomond, CA
-- 
Douglas (Doug) L. Westphal              NASA Ames Research Center, MS 245-5
westphal@halo.arc.nasa.gov              Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Branch
ph: (415) 604-3522 fax: 604-3625        Moffett Field, CA 94035


From hummer@prysm.com Sun Jun 11 23:27:08 EDT 1995
Article: 1969 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: hummer@prysm.com
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Mitesolution
Date: 8 Jun 1995 03:15:26 GMT
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Has anyone heard any news about the new product for vorra mites called Mitesolution?  If you have any information about this new 
product send me some information.  The only thing I know about this solution is that it can be used during the honey flow unlike 
Apistain.  It souds like a plus but I am wondering how well it works.



From jesse@wellman.reno.nv.us Sun Jun 11 23:27:09 EDT 1995
Article: 1970 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jesse@wellman.reno.nv.us (Jesse Wellman)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Req:How do I get wild bees out of the tree
Date: 8 Jun 1995 04:40:30 GMT
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Hi,
	My father and I are hobby beekeepers, having started out about a 
year ago.  Our latest adventure is trying to capture a wild colony in a
Box Elder tree.  Have a deep super hive sitting on top of a scafolding
opposite the tree opening. The tree opening is connected to a radiator
hose, that is connected to a 1.5" metal flex tubing with a ratiator hose 
also connecting to the feeder opening on the hive cover.  The bees must 
go through the hive to get out of the tree.  The hive has 9 frames of 
drawn comb.  What will make the queen and colony move into the hive?
	Also have some other questions.  What is the general pros and 
cons, hobbyest, and commercial perspective, of nailing the bottom boards,
or just letting the supper rest on the botttom boards?
	The last question.  What are the advantages/disadvantages between
using 4.5", 5.5", or a full 9.5" super as the second story, with the 
queen excluder on top of this.  This set up is for collecting honey  and 
having strong, healthy hives for the winter. 

Thank you

Jesse D Wellman 


From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Sun Jun 11 23:27:10 EDT 1995
Article: 1971 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Poisoned Livestock vs  Old Fashioned Values
Date: 9 Jun 1995 11:59:49 +0100
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You have my sympathy regarding poisoning.  In this country the 
expansion of Oil Seed Rape has caused considerable problems with 
poisoning.  Fruit crops have been the traditional bad boys.  

All these occasions are as you recognise due to either not reading the 
labels or a total lack of forthought.  As the ex-manager of 300 acres 
of top fruit with 40 colonies + queen raising going on around the 
orchards we seldom poisoned any of my bees.

Until there is a successful high profile case brought against someone 
the situation will I think continue.  This was the situation here until
a small scale beekeeper (I hate that hobbyist expression) that happened 
to be a barrister got severely damaged.  He fought the case on the 
grounds of negligence towards neighbours (if I remember right), first he 
established ownership of flying bees (as people pay to hire them for 
pollination they must have an owner when free flying), then he established 
the right to expect consideration of these by neighbours.  

The resulting compensation was not tremendous by modern standards but 
it was sufficient to stir the farming insurance companies to pass the 
message on to growers.

What concerns me even more than honeybee losses due to poisoning is the 
un recorded losses of solitary bees many of which only have one life 
cycle per year.  These could be totally eliminated in some areas and 
this could be the cause of a number of the reports being posted ie 
Where have all the bees gone?  Who is going to speak for these bees?  
Are they destined to become a picture in a book or a sample kept in a 
museum case?

Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD

Technology Management Ltd
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)



From calhoun@aurxc5.aur.alcatel.com Sun Jun 11 23:27:11 EDT 1995
Article: 1972 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: calhoun@aurxc5.aur.alcatel.com (Glen Calhoun)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee vacuum
Date: 9 Jun 1995 11:23:22 GMT
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Does anyone have plans for a bee vacuum? I have seen them offered commercially,
but have not run across plans for a home made system. I need a system that will
not injury the bees.

Thanks in advance.
Glen
calhoun@aur.alcatel.com




From odb@st-andrews.ac.uk Sun Jun 11 23:27:12 EDT 1995
Article: 1973 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Oscar de Bruijn <odb@st-andrews.ac.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: beekeeping contacts in the UK
Date: Fri, 9 Jun 1995 14:39:33 +0100
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Hi there,  

I am looking for beekeeping contacts (e.g., beekeeping organisations, 
beekeepers clubs) in Scotland (Fife) or in other parts of the UK.  I 
moved to Scotland from the Netherlands three years ago.  Before moving I 
sold the bees I was keeping in the Netherlands.  Now I want to start keeping 
bees in Scotland, but I am not familiar with beekeeping practices in 
Scotland. Therefore, I would much appreciate to hear from anybody who could
help me find information about beekeeping in Scotland.

Cheers, Oscar (odb@st-andrews.ac.uk).




From nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk Sun Jun 11 23:27:12 EDT 1995
Article: 1974 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Wanted - beeswax polish receipe
Date: 9 Jun 1995 10:19:30 GMT
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I want to make some beeswax and turpentine furniture polish.

Anyone got a receipe?

-Norman


From nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk Sun Jun 11 23:27:13 EDT 1995
Article: 1975 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: beekeeping contacts in the UK
Date: 9 Jun 1995 10:23:48 GMT
Organization: University Of St. Andrews
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In article <Pine.SUN.3.91.950609141226.4061A-100000@psych>,
Oscar de Bruijn  <odb@st-andrews.ac.uk> wrote:
>Hi there,  
>
>I am looking for beekeeping contacts (e.g., beekeeping organisations, 
>beekeepers clubs) in Scotland (Fife) or in other parts of the UK.  I 
>moved to Scotland from the Netherlands three years ago.  Before moving I 
>sold the bees I was keeping in the Netherlands.  Now I want to start keeping 
>bees in Scotland, but I am not familiar with beekeeping practices in 
>Scotland. Therefore, I would much appreciate to hear from anybody who could
>help me find information about beekeeping in Scotland.
>
>Cheers, Oscar (odb@st-andrews.ac.uk).

Hello Oscar!

There are a couple of societies here.  The president of the Fife Beekeepers
Association is Bob Simpson, 17 Hill Crescent, Cupar, phone Cupar 655461.  He can
also tell you about the Scottish Beekeepers Association (or whatever it's
called).

I must admit I don't join the societies' activities to any extent.

-Norman, probably within foraging distance...


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun Jun 11 23:27:14 EDT 1995
Article: 1976 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Poisoned Livestock vs  Ol
Date: Thu,  8 Jun 1995 01:37:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95060718395341@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
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Lines: 118       

 worked hard, I would
Subject: Poisoned Livestock vs  Ol

P>From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)


P>    My Daddy told me, if I lived a clean life and worked hard, I would
 >prosper.  Daddy lied, because he assumed we live in a just society.  An
 >acquaintance suggested that, if the state won't let me make an honest
 >living; I should try crime.  I just can't accept that. In my heart I
 >still want to believe my Daddy.  But I have lost some of the drive
 >to work hard. I am tired of having it stolen from me.


Hello Mr. Pollinator Beekeeper,

If you get into trying to work with government bureaucrats to protect
your bee's from pesticides, bears, or some other government agency's
plan's for a new highway, park, dam, or whatever; in time you will get
your wish at being treated like a criminal. After all they know you rob
your bee's of their honey, and you can charge poor farmers for
pollination, something that bee's have been doing for free for thousands
of years. And today at anytime your bee's could turn into real
"killer's" and attack the public killing hundred's if not thousands. No
thank's to a few so called (BS), bee scientists, and regulator's who
have promoted that big lie.

(Have you noticed that we don't hear to much from those prophets of
doom who used the "killer" bee story to generate public support for
public fund's and their own personal gains.)

>From  my own and other beekeeper's experience in California, a state
that has a history of every beekeeping problem there is, [you know we
have had the "purest" African bee's found outside of Africa years before
it became fashionable to call them "killer" bee's, and these feral
colonies and kept hives have remained un molested by regulators].  If
you want to protect your bee's, you are on your own. For regulatory
bureaucrats it boils down to the "Value of the bee's vis the value of
the (other persons interests)". There are not very many interests that
are not higher on the scale of value then the beekeepers. After all
bee's themselves are renumerial, that is, like any farm crop, if they
die they can be replaced. It's really the beekeeper's who are at risk,
and there are law's to protect all of us, we just have not learned how
to use them because we have fallen into the old socialistic trap of
letting "big brother" do it. You may win a action to force regulation of
pesticides to protect bee's, but you will still have bee losses from
pesticides. Because to win you will have to give up something, or give
something, like moving your bee's out of the area that is going to be
treated.. or covering your bee's, or some other plan that does not
work..

We must move away from the agricultural regulation or agricultural law
into civil law if we want protection for the "people" who keep bee's.
Any one can protect their bee's from pesticide damage now, just load
them up and more them every time someone want's to treat. You protect
the bee's and go bankrupt doing it.

If you want to do something to protect your bee's, study law, hire a
attorney, an environmental one who can deal with regulators, if you can
find one you can live with, because if you expect to win you will have
to just about move in with your attorney. And get involved politically.

California beekeepers are less bothered by regulators, and are having
less bee losses because a few, (5) beekeepers out of 500 commercial
beekeepers spent $30,000.00 cash of their own and other beekeeper's
money, and five year's of their time, fighting the state in court.
They not only had to fight state bureaucrats, the chemical interests,
farm organizations, they also had to fight their own 100 year old state
beekeeping association, and 3 of the five were past presidents.

In the end they were able to give the testimonies backed up by the
courts that resulted in cutting the funding to California bee regulatory
agency's. We still have bee law's but only a few [3-5] of our 58
counties enforce them. They still have to enforce the pesticide laws,
now knowing now that the beekeepers could at any time seek relief from
the courts and/or the legislature. And we still have bee loss from
the legal regulated use of pesticides, but it is not nearly so bad as
it once was. Most of the time we can live with it, our bee's suffer
but they do come back. I am not saying that even a little loss is right,
as I believe that any loss, ONE BEE, from the use of pesticides by
persons other then the owner of the bee's is a mis use and someone other
then the beekeepers should have to pay the bill for that loss. Maybe
someday we will see a change in attitude to match my own, but not in
my lifetime I am sure.

I would be the first to admit our's was not a pretty solution, but in
a large state like California it was our only practical one. When you
have so many state government employees like we do, it is all most
impossible to remove or make changes to law's with out the support
of the people who's job it is to enforce them, we lost that support
year's ago. The bureaucrats have built in job protection because of
the close relationship between the government agency's and the
legislature. There are also few in the regulatory, research, and
agricultural education that are not beholding to the chemical industry
for their support, jobs, and education. We call them dusty's here, they
are not going to sting the hand that feed them, just because they call
themselves bee scientist or bee regulator or bee educator.

We went through two generations of beekeeper's who had no meaningful
input into California bee law changes. You went along or were dragged
along by the counties and state. Any individual who dared to oppose the
system was automatically branded an "outlaw", and believe it or not was
given "special" treatment and "special" action was taken to make that
individual an example to keep the other in line. A few beekeeper's have
been destroyed by regulators to protect their arbitrary powers over
beekeepers. The only thing that has saved many more beekeepers is that
to date the state has refused the request of the agricultural regulatory
industry to be made peace officers's so they can carry guns. If that
ever happen's you can bet there will be a lot fewer beekeepers.

Good Luck with your action!

                                ttul Andy-



(c) Permission to reproduce, granted.
Opinion is not necessarily fact.


From paulp@ims.com Sun Jun 11 23:27:15 EDT 1995
Article: 1977 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: paulp@ims.com (Paul Petty)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Vacuum
Date: Fri, 9 Jun 1995 14:57:19
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In article <3r9ava$ci3@aurns1.aur.alcatel.com> calhoun@aurxc5.aur.alcatel.com (Glen Calhoun) writes:

>Does anyone have plans for a bee vacuum? I have seen them offered commercially,
>but have not run across plans for a home made system. I need a system that will
>not injury the bees.

I too would like to find out about this.  Recently I was removing a colony 
>from  the wall of a shed and I thought a bee vacuum would help.  I attempted to 
make one using a cardboard box and a shop vac but I discovered what I had 
really made was a box-crusher.  A second attempt with a double-wall box held 
up a little better.  Also, my intake hose was a ribbed design (not smooth) and 
a lot of bees were injured.  This was not a design I would repeat.  I have not 
seen any of the commercial models.  Who has them?

Thanks in advance,
Paul Petty


From Kevin.Ormerod@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM Sun Jun 11 23:27:16 EDT 1995
Article: 1978 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Kevin Ormerod <Kevin.Ormerod@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
Subject: Catching Swarms: Nuc vs. Hive Body
Message-ID: <D9x25H.Ky@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM>
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Reply-To: Kevin.Ormerod@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (KEVIN)
Organization: AT&T Global Information Solutions
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Date: Fri, 9 Jun 1995 17:34:27 GMT
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I live in a residential area and keep a couple
of hives in my back yard.  I have an old dogwood
tree with a limb that would provide a good
perch for a Nuc or Hive Body.  I'm thinking
of putting a "bait" hive in the tree just in case
one of my hives swarms or to add a feral
colony to one of the existing hives or, in my
wife's worst dream -- add another hive :-)

My question is -- Am I as likely to catch a
swarm with a Nuc as I am with a Hive Body.
If I leave it in the tree semi-permanently
would frames of foundation attract the bees
or would I have to have drawn comb or
some type of pheromone attractant.

KO
Lexington, SC



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Sun Jun 11 23:27:17 EDT 1995
Article: 1979 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Obs Hive success (follow-up)
Date: Thu,  8 Jun 1995 14:12:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95060817085244@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
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Lines: 80        


*of interest to all*
                    ----------------------------------------
From: Phil Veldhuis <veldhui@CC.UMANITOBA.CA>
Date:         Thu, 8 Jun 1995 01:30:25 -0500
Subject:      Obs Hive success (follow-up)

Dear Bee-l'ers

I thought I would let you know how things went with the observation hive
I was planning to install in the art Gallery, here in Winnipeg, Manitoba.
The bees are now installed, and 4 weeks into the display things are going
well.

If you recall, the gallery space where the bees were required was in a
stone building, with the only opening being a skylight 20 feet from the
floor.  We decided to install a 3 inch tube in the skylight by removing
one of the panes of glass in the skylight and plumbing this to the hive.

The artist also insisted on centering the display in the room, so the
entrance tube is about 30 feet long.  The hive is a full size, single brood
chamber with 5 frames of brood upon instalation on May 4th.  The hive has
a queen excluder between it and the rest of the unit, which consists of a
3 foot cube plexi case which contains the artifact, which the bees are
drawing comb in.

The initial installation used black abs pipe for the entrance tube, and
this did not work well.  We substituted clear plexi pipe (3 inch
diameter), and the bees trained to this within a few minutes (the
skylight probably helps).  Without the clear tubing, the bees all tried
to fly around in the display case; once the tubing was changed, there was
little flight in the case, and little defecation on the art.


We also had to provide a downspout on the pipe at the lowest point (at the
joint to the hive) where water blown in during rainstorms collects, and
where the dead bees are deposited by the house bees (they could not carry
their departed collegues all the way up the tube).  The dead bees are
removed daily during the night when the bees are inactive.

On June 6, we disconected the pipe, and sealed the tube, and hauled the
whole thing up on the roof to clean the case, and inspect the colony.  We
found the colony to be thriving.  It had ample supplies of fresh feed, new
pollen stores, and 8 frames of brood.

Most surprisingly, the bees have developed a one-way system for the
tube. Since the tube is angled at about 50 degrees to the floor, there is
a definate top and bottom to the tube. Bees walking up the tube walk upside
down on the upper side of the tube, while returning bees walk rightside
up on the lower side of the tube.  Few bees walk on the side.  I assume
there is some explanation for this arrangement (bees leaving go towards
the light??) but I haven't figured it out yet.

I also haven't made any firm conclusions about the role of the bees in
the tube.  The end of the tube is defended by guard bees, but I don't
know if the foraging bees walk all the way down the tube to turn over
their nectar, or if they do this at the tube entrance.  If the house bees
have to walk all the way up the tube to get the nectar from the foragers,
they must be significantly reinforced.  It takes 2-5 minutes for a bee to
walk from bottom to top, and 1-3 minutes from top to bottom.

Occasionally, one trips and falls down the tube, carrying many others
with it, hence the wide varriation in travel time.

I will try and get some photos published somewhere in the near future.

Anyone interested is welcome to email me.

BTW, this exhibit is availible for tour to any major art galleries in
North america where local bees can be used.  You'd have to contact the
Winnipeg Art Gallery for more info, after all, I'm just a beekeeper.

Phil

--
------------oooooooooooooooOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOooooooooooooo-------------
Phil Veldhuis           | If I must be a fool, as all those who reason
Winnipeg. MB, Canada    | or believe any thing certainly are, my follies
veldhui@cc.umanitoba.ca | shall at least be natural and agreeable.
                                                David Hume (1739)


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Sun Jun 11 23:27:17 EDT 1995
Article: 1980 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!news.kei.com!nntp.et.byu.edu!netline-fddi.jpl.nasa.gov!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!swrinde!pipex!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
From: Gordon Scott <Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How To Re-Use Hive and Comb from Varroa Infected Colony?
Date: 9 Jun 1995 02:07:24 +0100
Organization: Demon Internet News Service
Lines: 28
Sender: news@news.demon.co.uk
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <802458762snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
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In article <mah48d-050695123626@wm48d.ho.rohmhaas.com>
           mah48d@rohmhaas.com "John E. Taylor III" writes:

>            I've got a single colony of healthy bees that haven't yet needed
> treatment for varroa.  Last Friday a friend brought over a hive (single
> deep brood chamber), complete with freshly extracted comb, that had shown
> symptoms discussed here earlier: lots of honey, no bees at all.  As I
> recall, the concensus was varroa.
<snip>
>    Question: Do varroa mites leave or die when the bees leave a hive, or
> does the risk of infecting a healthy colony remain?  Will freezing or
> flaming also kill any mites that are present?

If there are varroa in your area there's a high chance you already  have
them, if only in low concentation.

Varroa mites die after a few days away from bees.   I've  not  heard  of
more than 8 days, most people reckon fewer.  Flaming will certainly kill
them.  I can only guess that freezing will -- seems  pretty  likely,  it
kills most things bigger than bacteria.

Regards,
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From rolsen@ix.netcom.com Sun Jun 11 23:27:18 EDT 1995
Article: 1981 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!news.iag.net!newsboy.utelfla.com!news.sprintlink.net!noc.netcom.net!ix.netcom.com!netnews
From: rolsen@ix.netcom.com (Russ Olsen )
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: NewBee question.  Sewage Treatment Pond
Date: 9 Jun 1995 05:41:56 GMT
Organization: Netcom
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Message-ID: <3r8mv4$q1k@ixnews3.ix.netcom.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ix-den10-11.ix.netcom.com

Hello;

I'm new to beekeeping and I have a question.  I currently have a couple
of hives located realtively close to a sewage treatment pond in a very
small town.

These hives are from swarms, and I placed them next to an irrigated
corn field for a week or so just to let them settle down.  However, it
occured to me after I placed them there, that the town's sewage
treatment pond is very close (about 100 yards away).

Do I have anything to be concerned about??  Or can I let them stay for
awhile?  I was planning on letting them get settled in their new home
before moving them to a somewhat more permanent location.

Please e-mail me any thoughts and/or wisdom.

Thanks,  Russ


From patmcg@neosoft.com Sun Jun 11 23:27:19 EDT 1995
Article: 1982 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: patmcg@new-orleans.neosoft.com (Patrick McGuire)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Mite Solution
Date: 9 Jun 1995 03:46:56 GMT
Organization: NeoSoft User
Lines: 17
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Reply-To: patmcg@neosoft.com
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Has anyone had experience using a new product called "Mite Solution?"  It 
is touted as being a 100% natural entrance treatment for varroa mites.  
All ingredients are supposed to be FDA and EPA approved and the 
manufacturer claims that you can treat colonies without removing honey 
supers.  One ounce sells for $18.00 and is supposed to treat 20 colonies 
4 times a year (2 spring and 2 fall treatments).

It is manufactured by a company named Apicom I.B. Inc in New York and is 
associated with Tuttle Apiaries. 

This product is "guaranteed to work" and it seems too good to be true.
Anyone having experience or more detailed information about this product, 
please post here or e-mail me.  A member of our local beekeeping club 
just ordered some but I am especially interested in anyone else's 
experiences.   Thanks....




From patmcg@neosoft.com Sun Jun 11 23:27:20 EDT 1995
Article: 1983 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: patmcg@new-orleans.neosoft.com (Patrick McGuire)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mitesolution
Date: 9 Jun 1995 03:53:05 GMT
Organization: NeoSoft User
Lines: 11
Message-ID: <3r8gj1$qu8@uuneo.neosoft.com>
References: <3r5q0e$4rf@news.unicomp.net>
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Manufactured by Apicom I.B., Inc.
1-800-704-9273
$18.00 per ounce (enough to treat 20 colonies - 4 times a year, 2 fall 
and 2 spring).
I have no idea how it works but it is touted as being approved by the FDA 
and the EPA.  You sprinkle the stuff at the entrance to the hive where 
the bees carry it in and it kills the mites.  
Frankly, sounds too good to be true.
Anyone else having any experience with Mite Solution, PLEASE post or send 
e-mail.



From mjensen@crl.com Sun Jun 11 23:27:21 EDT 1995
Article: 1984 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mjensen@crl.com (Mark Jensen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Mitesolution
Date: Thu, 08 Jun 1995 21:27:33 -0800
Organization: Double J Apiaries
Lines: 23
Message-ID: <mjensen-0806952128100001@192.0.2.1>
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In article <3r5q0e$4rf@news.unicomp.net>, hummer@prysm.com wrote:

> Has anyone heard any news about the new product for vorra mites called
Mitesolution?  If you have any information about this new 
> product send me some information.  The only thing I know about this
solution is that it can be used during the honey flow unlike 
> Apistain.  It souds like a plus but I am wondering how well it works.

I first noticed Mite Solution in the Apicom Catalog. I talked to them, and
they wouldn't give much info about it. Then I saw it advertised in the
classifieds of the latest Bee Culture. I called up Tuttle Apiaries and
talked with the proprietor. He claimed that they discovered that bees in a
certain area of South America were immune to varroa, and they found that
it was because they visited a certain plant. He says he has gone to great
lengths to extract the active ingredient of this plant and claims that it
kills both mites. I bought an ounce for $18. It comes poorly packaged in a
leaking ziplock bag. It smells exactly like tea tree oil, which I believe
comes only from Australia. I want to give this fellow the benefit of the
doubt, and am trying to figure out how to test its effectiveness, but if
it is tea tree oil, then his South America story must be bullshit. Anybody
else?

Mark Jensen              Double J Apiaries        mjensen@crl.com


From ewhitevhp@aol.com Sun Jun 11 23:27:22 EDT 1995
Article: 1985 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ewhitevhp@aol.com (EWhiteVHP)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Wanted - beeswax polish receipe
Date: 9 Jun 1995 16:16:00 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 12
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
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Beeswax furniture polish is nothing but beeswax dissolved in turpentine
(or turpentine substitute) to make it easier to apply.
Melt beeswax and stir in turpentine until the consistency suits you. You
can make liquid or paste. Both work well.

If that recipe is too vague for you, request "Super Formulas, Arts and
Crafts: How to make more than 360 useful products that contain beeswax and
honey" by Elaine C. White from your local library.

Elaine
or email me and I can send mail-order info (or order the book at
bookstores)


From healer@duncan.island.net Sun Jun 11 23:27:24 EDT 1995
Article: 1986 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: healer@duncan.island.net (Ronald Healy)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Catching Swarms: Nuc vs. Hive Body
Date: 10 Jun 1995 17:26:44 GMT
Organization: Island Internet
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In article <D9x25H.Ky@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM>, Kevin Ormerod <Kevin.Ormerod@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM> says:
>
>I live in a residential area and keep a couple
>of hives in my back yard.  I have an old dogwood
>tree with a limb that would provide a good
>perch for a Nuc or Hive Body.  I'm thinking
>of putting a "bait" hive in the tree just in case
>one of my hives swarms or to add a feral
>colony to one of the existing hives or, in my
>wife's worst dream -- add another hive :-)
>
>My question is -- Am I as likely to catch a
>swarm with a Nuc as I am with a Hive Body.
>If I leave it in the tree semi-permanently
>would frames of foundation attract the bees
>or would I have to have drawn comb or
>some type of pheromone attractant.

Hi Kevin.  I was recently talking to our local bee inspector about a bait hive
and he said that a hive body was best.  The bees won't move in unless they
feel they have enough room.  He also said that drawn comb works well.  A
pheromone attractant may help a bit, but is not necessary.  I don't know if
frames of foundation would work or not.


From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Sun Jun 11 23:27:24 EDT 1995
Article: 1987 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!demon!tecman.demon.co.uk!khooker
From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Catching Swarms: Nuc vs. Hive Body
Date: 11 Jun 1995 02:36:24 +0100
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The best way of taking a swarm is to knock them into a straw skep.  It 
never seems to fail.   The more propolis and wax (not comb) in the skep
the better.

Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
Technology Management Ltd
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)



From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Sun Jun 11 23:27:25 EDT 1995
Article: 1988 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!demon!tecman.demon.co.uk!khooker
From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Catching Swarms: Nuc vs. Hive Body
Date: 11 Jun 1995 02:36:26 +0100
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I've just re read that posting - what do you mean "incase my hives 
swarm"  surely as a good and responsible beekeeper in a town 
environment you will be checking your bees to ensure that they DO NOT 
SWARM and annoy neighbours!

Beekeepers who live in town and do not check their bees are the bain of 
all responsible beekeepers, one could say they are not beekeepers but 
keepers of bees.

Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
Technology Management Ltd
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)



From mjensen@crl.com Sun Jun 11 23:27:26 EDT 1995
Article: 1989 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: mjensen@crl.com (Mark Jensen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Vacuum
Date: Sat, 10 Jun 1995 19:59:47 -0800
Organization: Double J Apiaries
Lines: 18
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In article <paulp.2.000EF4FF@ims.com>, paulp@ims.com (Paul Petty) wrote:

> >Does anyone have plans for a bee vacuum? I have seen them offered
commercially,
> >but have not run across plans for a home made system. I need a system
that will
> >not injury the bees.
> 
> I too would like to find out about this.

I use a shop vacuum with a variac to vary the voltage between the plug and
the wall socket. Most shop vacuums are DC motors, so by varying the
voltage you can vary the air speed. Any control that varies the voltage
should work. Then you can lower the speed to the point where the bees are
not injured. The bees end up in the cannister. Don't leave them there for
long without providing for ventilation. Good luck.

Mark Jensen              Double J Apiaries        mjensen@crl.com


From vcrimku@sandia.gov Wed Jun 21 23:08:20 EDT 1995
Article: 2006 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: "Victor C. Rimkus" <vcrimku@sandia.gov>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee vacuum
Date: 14 Jun 1995 16:43:01 GMT
Organization: Sandia National Laboratories
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <3rn3il$6n@news.sandia.gov>
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NNTP-Posting-Host: slick.raptor.sandia.gov

SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) wrote:
>

> Aaron Morris - I have a question.

Will this bee vacuum remove bees from building walls where only a
small opening exists? I'm turning away a lot of bees because the
property owners want the bees out now but don't want the wall taken
apart. The escape hatch method is not feasible for most of the built
in bee colonies I've recieved calls on and is less than reliable.

Any help would be appriciated by me and these bees doomed for
extermination.

	Thanks from the high mountains of New Mexico,

				Victor


From ringetringetame@mind.net Wed Jun 21 23:08:21 EDT 1995
Article: 2007 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ringetringetame@mind.net (Robert  Inget)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Where have all the bees gone?
Date: Wed, 14 Jun 1995 17:02:41
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In article <3rhs5r$esg@tekadm1.cse.tek.com> David D Stubbs <davidst@mdhost.cse.tek.com> writes:
>Path: rainrgnews0!psgrain!news.tek.com!usenet
>From: David D Stubbs <davidst@mdhost.cse.tek.com>
>Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
>Subject: Re: Where have all the bees gone?
>Date: 12 Jun 1995 17:06:03 GMT
>Organization: Tektronix, Inc, Beaverton, OR, USA
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>I have seen no honey bees here in Portland this spring.  The local 7-year-olds
>who spent
>the entire summer last year catching bees report none this year.

>I read last year that about 99% of the wild hives in Oregon have been wiped out
>by a
>mite (or some other tiny critter) that feasts on bee eggs.  Unfortunately, I
>don't remember
>the source, nor have I seen any follow-up in the local paper, The Oregonian.

>I'm both curious about and fearful of this turn of event.  What's not getting
>pollinated?!

>David D. Stubbs                           david.d.stubbs@tek.com
>Customer-Centered Design                  MS 39-632
>Measurement Business                      +1 503 627 2627 voice
>Tektronix, Inc.                           +1 503 627 1388 fax

   You are correct. The varroa mite is the enemy. Perhaps bumble bees will 
save the food supply, till we get something better then  mite strips to 
control.


From sideout@umd.umich.edu Wed Jun 21 23:08:22 EDT 1995
Article: 2008 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: sideout@umd.umich.edu (Mike Bist)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: swarm prevention info
Date: 15 Jun 1995 15:59:40 GMT
Organization: University of Michigan
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looking for info on preventing swarming

 thanks,
 pat



From ajdel@interramp.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:23 EDT 1995
Article: 2009 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: A. J. deLange <ajdel@interramp.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Do They Know Me?
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X-XXDate: Wed, 14 Jun 1995 21:37:49 GMT

I started my first two hives just about a month ago and all seems to be
going well. I'm feeding 50% (by weight) sugar syrup in Boardman feeders
with pint Mason jars. As the weather has turned warmer and the brood has
started to hatch the consumption of syrup has skyrocketed to the point
where a refill is required up to 4 times a day (hottest days). I have
changed these jars with no veil, no gloves, no qualms dozens of times
with no problems. Finally my wife said that is was ridiculous for me to
come home from work during the day to feed the bees and that she would do
it. The first time she did so (today) one of my little ladies gave her
life for the perceived good of the hive and it looks as if I'll be coming
home for lunch again.

The question is "why?" Do they know my smell or my movements or something
else about me? I usually wear a light colored shirt and jeans. My wife
had on a dress with a floral pattern (tasteful, mind you). Could this
have had something to do with it? She said they were definitely upset
about something.

I refilled the jars tonight with the usual response: i.e. I got
checked-out by the guard bees but that was it.

AJ


From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Wed Jun 21 23:08:25 EDT 1995
Article: 2010 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!news.kei.com!ub!newserve!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee vacuum
Date: Mon, 12 Jun 95 10:24:34 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 60
Message-ID: <173BB926AS86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
References: <3r9ava$ci3@aurns1.aur.alcatel.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: uacsc2.albany.edu

In article <3r9ava$ci3@aurns1.aur.alcatel.com>
calhoun@aurxc5.aur.alcatel.com (Glen Calhoun) writes:
 
>
>Does anyone have plans for a bee vacuum? I have seen them offered commercially,
>but have not run across plans for a home made system. I need a system that will
>not injury the bees.
>
>Thanks in advance.
>Glen
>calhoun@aur.alcatel.com
>
>
 
I have seen and used bee vacuums that have used shop vacs, gasoline bee
blowers, and leaf blowers as the engines to create the necessary
suction.  Unfortunately I have no plans, but I will describe what should
be an easy piece of equipment for a moderately skilled carpenter to
build.
 
The equipment has three basic parts: the engine, the hoses, and the
containment boxes.  The engine (as already stated) can be a standard
shop vac or leaf blower or bee blower, depending on what one has readily
available.  If you have to buy an engine the shop vac is the most versatile
and can be used for many other purposes besides sucking bees.
 
It's the containment boxes that are the neatest part of this equipment,
and consist of a box within a box.  The interior box is a "standard"
bee shipping cage (the screened boxes used to ship packages of bees).
The exterior box is built with a hinged top so it may be opened up to
receive the shipping cage.  The top of the exterior box has a hole cut
into it to receive the suction hose, which can be a vacuum hose or vinyl
swimming pool hose or any readily available hose sufficiently large to
suck in the bees (3/8 inch garden hose will not work!).  The hole in the
top of the exterior box should be cut so that it is directly over the hole
in the interior shipping cage, so when the bees are vacuumed they are
sucked into the shipping cage.  The inside bottom of the shipping cage
can be padded with foam rubber to soften the blow to the bees.
 
There are two more holes in the exterior box.  One hole accommodates the
hose that goes from the box to the suction engine, and the other hole is
used to regulate the suction force of the vacuum.  If the regulator hole
is covered with a piece of metal (perhaps the top of a tin can) the size
of the hole can be adjusted so that the vacuum force on the intake hose
can also be adjusted so the force is enough to suck the bees in, but not
so great that the suction harms the bees.  The fittings for all the
hoses are PVC fittings that can be purchased in the plumbing section of
any hardware store.  The top fitting should extend into the interior
shipping cage to ensure that the bees are sucked into the shipping cage
rather than ending up between the exterior and interior box.  The exterior
box and fittings should be as air tight as possible, so that the suction
can be regulated by increasing or decreasing the size of the regulator hole.
 
Such an aparatus, once built, can be used to suck the bees into a
shipping cage, can be adjusted for a wide variety of suction engines,
and when one is finished vacuuming the bees, you simply open up the
exterior box, put a cover on the shipping cage and take your "package"
of bees and hive it as you would hive a purchased package of bees.
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Wed Jun 21 23:08:26 EDT 1995
Article: 2011 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Beekeeping FAQs/HINTS fra Beenet.com
Date: 15 Jun 1995 18:41:48 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 21
Message-ID: <3rputc$c9i@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <95061420125175@beenet.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

In article <95061420125175@beenet.com>,
Andy Nachbaur <andy.nachbaur@beenet.com> wrote:
>
>  I have discontinued the file request part of the service to
>cut back on the costs of keeping bee's and a beekeeping bbs.<G> Someday
>I will put that back together when I figure out how to write the costs
>off on someone else.

Getting a nice big archive site set up where the files may be put and
people could retreive them if they wanted, and if Andy wanted, using WWW,
gopher, or ftp.


 I second Andy's thanks. I've learned _so_ much from the anecdotes of
others. 

Adam 
-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:27 EDT 1995
Article: 2012 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!news.mathworks.com!uhog.mit.edu!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!spool.mu.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Beekeeping FAQs/HINTS fra Beenet.com
Date: Thu, 15 Jun 1995 03:10:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95061420125175@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 143       


                    ----------------------------------------
>From: "MORGAN, ANTHONY" <ANTHONY@IET.HIST.NO>
>Date:          Wed, 14 Jun 1995 11:09:23 GMT+0100
>Subject:       Beekeeping FAQs/HINTS fra Beenet.com

>Hei!
>have retrieved some info from beenet.com earlier but it seems
>to be out of service right now -- I have read somewhere that it
>is closed for repairs -- is this right?

Hello Tony,

  Not "out of service", just a little beat up right now.

>If so when do you think it will be on the air again?

  I have discontinued the file request part of the service to
cut back on the costs of keeping bee's and a beekeeping bbs.<G> Someday
I will put that back together when I figure out how to write the costs
off on someone else. Any commercial interest that would like to have
a $500 to $1000 (US) monthly write off to see their logo spread around
the world via the so called "internet highway" is welcome to contact me
for a go. My US friends in the bee industry are interested and do know
a lot of what is going on in the "internet bbs community", but are still
sitting on the hand that write's the checks as the bee business is not
that good right now. Which is cooperate BS for we know it is worthwhile
but how can we measure the pay back when any darn beekeepers can call in
and get something for nothing.


The "automated" e-mail response system is still intact, but it is
automated, and all us computer nut's know that means it will fail any
time, or at odd times. I did notice it may have lightened it's self of
file's it can send out and suspect that if these files are requested
that it ain't going to send them out and may send out some message that
the file or system is down.

I will be working the system over when I get the time and add back the
missing files which are mostly, I think the back issues of APIS
Newsletters.

Beekeeping looks very good here, but the weather is not co-operating
yet. It is normally summer with temps in the high 90's (F), but we
continue to get spring lows dropping down from the north and upper
level low pressure devils and today we did not reach 70 degrees. We
get about 5 days of normal warm weather and then in comes a low pressure
system.. The bee's would like to take it out on the beekeepers and
a suit of armor some day's would not save you a good stinging.

>A big thank you for what has been to now a fantastic service
>and thanks to you also for all your inputs to
>sci.agriculture.beekeeping.

It has been my own pleasure to be active in the beekeeping forums via
modem, and the internet. The real rewards have been seeing other
beekeeper's join in and share their own experiences. I know that there
are other's out there with the talent or the special gift of speaking
the international language of bee's who have been sitting on their hands
and some of what I say is to get them off their hands.. These internet
echoes are the one place that anyone who observes something in their
bee's can report it, and regardless of their position in the beekeeper
feeding chain will not be judged on any higher scale then what they
have to say that the lowest or new bee can understand.

TRANSLATION. One man looking at one bee hive, may see something that
one man with a degree, or one man with thousands of bee hives may have
not seen in his lifetime. And this is important to me as one who has
looked a thousands, and should be important to those who profess bee
knowledge via a higher education, special training, or government
responsibility.

Anyway here is the last list of files that can requested via internet
e-mail. The files mostly are lists of other files you can also request.
If any of these requests are not being met, a personal note to me will
get me off my hands and I will try to fix the problem. There are always
going to be some problems, as two beekeepers talking to each other can
always understand some part of the conversation, when two computers are
lost..     Andy-

          __________________________________________________________
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
        : WILD BEE'S BBS    Beekeeping Support BBS   209-826-8107    :
        : BEEKEEPING FAQ'S     Beekeeper's Helping Beekeepers        :
        :                                                            :
        : How to USE:                                                :
        :                                                            :
        : To receive a Beekeeping FAQ via E-MAIL, send a message to  :
        : to the FAQ name @beenet.com - For example, to get a copy   :
        : of this message, (WILDBEES.FAQ), send a internet E-MAIL    :
        : to: wildbees.faq@beenet.com ..To get a copy of the INDEX   :
        : of APICULTURAL ISSUES AND ANSWERS newsletters (APINDEX)    :
        : you would send E-MAIL to: apindex@beenet.com.              :
        :                                                            :
        : Mail runs are 6am & 6pm, California time zone. The system  :
        : and nothing is required on the subject line or in the      :
        : message itself.                                            :
        :                                                            :
        : FAQ        (total FAQ's in system 150)       Last update   :
        : name          one per message                 * NEW        :
        :------------------------------------------------------------:
        : WILDBEES.FAQ   YOU ARE READING IT. Check it       6-08-95  :
        :                once a month for changes!                   :
        :                                                            :
        : YELLOW.PAG     Internet Addresses of Beekeeper's  5-08-95  :
        :                YELLOW PAGES, 30K, Stan G. Kain             :
        :                                                            :
        : HINT.IND       INDEX of 30 different Beekeeping            :
        :                topics. From Malcolm T. Sanford.            :
        :                                                            :
        : BMAIL495.TXT   B-MAIL Newsletter, Bee Research             :
        :                Association, England.                       :
        :                                                            :
        : BKEEPING.FAQ   HOW TO FIND IT ON THE INTERNET,    5-01-95  :
        :                Adam Finkelstein's Beekeeping FAQ           :
        :                                                            :
        : SUNSITE.FAQ    ARCHIVES of Internet Beekeeping    5-01-95  :
        :                news group and list mail, & more.           :
        :                                                            :
        : APINDEX        INDEX of Apricultural "Issues and           :
        :                Answers" APIS from Florida Extension        :
        :                                                            :
        : HEALING.BIB    HONEY & Healing, Bibliography      3-18-95  :
        :                                                            :
        : MEAD.FAQ       HOW TO find information on making           :
        :                HONEY MEAD. The drink of the God's!         :
        :                                                            :
        : WNHUB.LST      Wild Net hub list, Pick up the BEE-NET      :
        :                Conference from 1 of 700 bbs's in your area :
        :                                                            :
        : SADBEES        1990 Beekeepers Review of Conditon in       :
        :                his hives as he saw them. True Today?       :
        :                                                            :
        : ALL HINT's & APIS NEWSLETTERS courtesy of Malcolm T.       :
        : Sanford, Extension Service University of Florida.          :
        : BEENET.COM and the WILD BEE'S BBS (sm) are   *FREE*        :
        : Information Services for Beekeepers and Friends. SYSOP     :
        : andy.nachbaur@beenet.com, dial up (209) 826-8107 28.8 bd,  :
        : 8N1, 24 hrs since 1990.                                    :
        :------------------------------------------------------------:
         \__________________________________________________________/


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:28 EDT 1995
Article: 2013 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!news.bluesky.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Pumpkin pollination
Date: Fri, 16 Jun 1995 15:01:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95061617072879@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 24        


This message was from "Patrick M O'Hearn" <73203.610@compuserve.com> to "INTERN
originally in conference IN-E-MAIL on WILDBEES (WILD BEE'S BBS)
and was forwarded to you by ANDY NACHBAUR
                    ----------------------------------------
From: "Patrick M O'Hearn" <73203.610@compuserve.com>
To: "INTERNET:andy.nachbaur@beenet.com" <andy.nachbaur@beenet.com>
Date: 15 Jun 95 22:40:54 EDT
Subject: Pumpkin pollination

Hello Andy,
        'Preciate the reply.  The pumpkins in question are part of a huge (I me
an
HUGE) Navajo agricultural project.  Its a small part of the largest single farm
in the free world so, that why they need so many hives...From the several reply
s
I got, I know why these people are looking for a new pollinator, not enough
money to make up for the lost honey flow.  My friend decided not to do it after
all.
A quick question I have been meaning to ask you...what the heck does "ttul"
mean?<g>

Patrick M. O'Hearn
Aztec, NM


From meschmidtke1@stthomas.edu Wed Jun 21 23:08:29 EDT 1995
Article: 2014 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!ukma!jobone!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!srvr1.flint.umich.edu!news.gmi.edu!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.mathworks.com!uunet!in1.uu.net!mr.net!news.mr.net!milo!meschmidtke1
From: meschmidtke1@stthomas.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: bee moth questions
Followup-To: sci.agriculture.beekeeping,rec.pets.herp,sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera
Date: 15 Jun 95 15:10:08 +600
Organization: Minnesota Regional Network (MRNet)
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Message-ID: <1995Jun15.151008.1@milo>
References: <1995Jun15.150600.1@milo>
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X-From: meschmidtke1@stthomas.edu
X-Newsgroups: rec.pets.herp,sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera
X-Date: 15 Jun 95 15:06:00 +600
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X-Xref: news.mr.net rec.pets.herp:27749 sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera:1340

[Note: posted to rec.pets.herp,  sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera and 
sci.agriculture.beekeeping]

I was just in the pet store the other day to pick up a dozen waxworms for
my day geckos  (larval form of the bee moth _Galleria melonella_)  The store
didn't have very many left and I got pretty much the last of them.  The
store owner then said that he probably wouldn't be getting any more in
for a long time if ever due to some virus that was killing off all of 
the bee moths.  He said that this virus was bad enough that wax worms as
a staple item in pet stores and bait shops was probably pretty much at an 
end.  I got to thinking about this and just out of curiosity I have a
couple of questions (I hope they don't sound too naive)

Is it really a virus or is it something else that's wiping out the
waxworms?  Does this spell doom for the entire species?

I understand that the bee moth is a pest species for beekeepers. Are 
beekeepers jumping for joy over this virus?  Or, are there some bee
keepers who actually sell the waxworms to baitshops and such as a kind
of sideline to their honey business and thus are going to be losing money?

Where did this virus or whatever it is come from? Has it been around for a
long time or is it something fairly new?  Does it effect other species of
moth or butterfly?

Just Curious

Mark  meschmidtke1@stthomas.edu



From healer@duncan.island.net Wed Jun 21 23:08:30 EDT 1995
Article: 2015 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!news.iag.net!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news.mathworks.com!newshost.marcam.com!usc!nic-nac.CSU.net!csulb.edu!info.ucla.edu!news.bc.net!news.island.net!usenet
From: healer@duncan.island.net (Ronald Healy)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Do They Know Me?
Date: 17 Jun 1995 19:55:55 GMT
Organization: Island Internet
Lines: 18
Message-ID: <3rvc0b$lvo@cliff.island.net>
References: <3rnuv1$m7o@usenet.interramp.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: slip18.duncan.island.net
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.92.5

In article <3rnuv1$m7o@usenet.interramp.com>, A. J. deLange <ajdel@interramp.com> says:
>(Snip) Finally my wife said that is was ridiculous for me to
>come home from work during the day to feed the bees and that she would do
>it. The first time she did so (today) one of my little ladies gave her
>life for the perceived good of the hive and it looks as if I'll be coming
>home for lunch again.
>
>The question is "why?" Do they know my smell or my movements or something
>else about me? I usually wear a light colored shirt and jeans. My wife
>had on a dress with a floral pattern (tasteful, mind you). Could this
>have had something to do with it? She said they were definitely upset
>about something.

My experience is exactly the opposite.  I tend my bees quite regularily and 
although they are not usually aggressive, if something sets them off, I am 
the one who pays.  My wife often helps me, and when we work together, she
never gets attacked.  I have no idea why.  Figured it was the ladies 
sticking together! :-)


From bnixon@nbnet.nb.ca Wed Jun 21 23:08:31 EDT 1995
Article: 2016 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!news.iag.net!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news.mathworks.com!newshost.marcam.com!usc!nic-nac.CSU.net!csulb.edu!info.ucla.edu!news.bc.net!torn!news.unb.ca!nbt.nbnet.nb.ca!CommSet
From: bnixon@nbnet.nb.ca (Beth Nixon)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: HELP! Bees in Church Wall
Date: Sat, 17 Jun 1995 14:41:25 AST
Organization: Stone Brook Products
Lines: 38
Message-ID: <950617144125.09381E@news.nbnet.nb.ca>
References: <3rqu6d$kg0@ixnews5.ix.netcom.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bnixon.nbnet.nb.ca
X-Newsreader: CommSet NewsReader Ver: 01 Rev: 0033  


I need help with a problem at my church.  

There is what appears to be a fairly large colony of bees in the wall of the
church, with an entrance in the frame around a window.  The entrance is 30
feet in the air.  These bees have been there for at least a year.

We think we could get the majority out with a lot of work and staging, but
after explaining the long proccess (bee escape over the entrance & another
hive that would be visible to neighbours in the residential area), and that
the comb would still be there to attract a swarm, or make a mess, this doesn't
seem feasible. Would a bee vacumn work or would there be to much brood
remaining especially at this time of year?

A member of church vestry suggested going up this winter on a cold day (We are
in New Brunswick, Canada where tempertures go well below 0)  and pulling the
wall apart and lifting the swarm of bees and all the comb out of the wall. 
Has anyone tried this before?  It would fix the problem in one day's work as
you can kill the queen.  This could probably be done in the summer if you were
killing the bees, but the freezing temperature might make them a little more
cooperative, and there would be fewer of them, and not as much risk of leaving
brood for the others to return to and raise a queen. Or would it even be
possible with a lot of work to hive the cluster in a chamber that had a few
frames of honey and empty space in the middle for the cluster?

This all seems like a very interesting challenge, probably not worth the work,
but I'd like to try it anyway!!!   Any thoughts or ideas would be greatly
appreciated,  perhaps there is a quicker way to move the bees out, besides
killing them!

Thanks in advance!

Beth Nixon
Stone Brook Products
Penobsquis, NB
Canada




From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:32 EDT 1995
Article: 2017 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!uwm.edu!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Pumpkin pollination
Date: Sat, 17 Jun 1995 00:49:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95061706370580@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 46        


                    ----------------------------------------
>From: "Patrick M O'Hearn" <73203.610@compuserve.com>
>Date: 15 Jun 95 22:40:54 EDT
>Subject: Pumpkin pollination

>Hello Andy,

> 'Preciate the reply.  The pumpkins in question are part of a huge (I me
>an HUGE) Navajo agricultural project.  Its a small part of the largest
>single farm in the free world so, thats why they need so many
>hives...From the several replys I got, I know why these people are
>looking for a new pollinator, not enough money to make up for the lost
>honey flow.

  My friend decided not to do it after all. A quick question I have been
meaning to ask you...what the heck does "ttul" mean?<g>

>Patrick M. O'Hearn
>Aztec, NM

Hello Patrick,

     "TTUL" is bbs talk for "type to U later", or "talk to you
later".<G>

     As a rule the more a beekeeper charges for pollination the greater
the respect the farmer has when it comes to protecting the bee's from
un-natural disasters such as the loss of bee's from pesticides..

The problem and main reason pollination rentals are so cheep in much
of California except for spring Almond Pollination is that many
beekeepers don't have summer locations for their bees and need the
pollination sites for pollination. Much pollination of melons is going
on right now locally for $15., and these same beekeepers are feeding two
gallons of syrup only because they don't have summer locations. Others
are getting ten dollars more for alfalfa seed pollination as their bees
well be tied up longer and suffer grater from pesticides.

     If a beekeepers is lucky in the alfalfa he will make thirty pounds
or more honey, but he will also have to do some rebuilding to keep his
numbers up for next spring's pollination. Most of the time things work
out and the beekeeper does better then just trading dollars for bees,
but when it goes all bad the loss can be 100%. Thank God that is the
exception and not the rule.
                                ttul Andy-


From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Wed Jun 21 23:08:33 EDT 1995
Article: 2018 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!demon!tecman.demon.co.uk!khooker
From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: swarm prevention info
Date: 17 Jun 1995 10:37:21 +0100
Organization: None
Lines: 14
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Distribution: world
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X-Newsreader: Newswin Alpha 0.6
X-Posting-Host: tecman.demon.co.uk


> looking for info on preventing swarming
> 

Why do people take up beekeeping without learning anything about it 
first?

Try reading some books, going to classes, joining local associations, 
finding a proficient local beekeeper to ask etc etc... 

Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
Technology Management Ltd
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)



From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Wed Jun 21 23:08:34 EDT 1995
Article: 2019 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Do They Know Me?
Date: Fri, 16 Jun 95 07:19:52 EDT
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In article <3rnuv1$m7o@usenet.interramp.com>
A. J. deLange <ajdel@interramp.com> writes:
 
>
>The question is "why?" Do they know my smell or my movements or something
>else about me? I usually wear a light colored shirt and jeans. My wife
>had on a dress with a floral pattern (tasteful, mind you). Could this
>have had something to do with it? She said they were definitely upset
>about something....
>
The short quick answer is "No, the bees don't know you, nor do they get
used to a beekeepere, nor do they develope an affinity towards one
beekeeper over another."  You or any other beekeeper are always an
invader of the hive and the bees will always defend the hive against an
invader.  The reasons why your wife got stung and you don't may be
attributed to weather or perhaps perfume or perhaps time of day or
perhaps your wife is left handed and you are right handed (it's as good
an explanation as any) or perhaps you are more comfortable working with
the bees and you wife was more nervous, hence the bees perceived your
wife as more of a threat, or perhaps the bees didn't find the floral
pattern as tasteful as you and your wife.
 
I always wear a veil whenever visiting my hives.  In my
early days of keeping bees I was bold and brave (perhaps brazen) and
worked hives in cut offs and no shirt.  I was real macho about it - "I
don't need no stinkin' protection!"  One day I was showing my hives to a
friend and I was commenting about how truly amazing it was that bees had
such a bad reputation when actually they are quite docile.  No sooner
had the words left my mouth when a bee flew directly from the hive to my
face to deliver the sting.  Moral of the story is sometimes they're
docile kitten bees and other times they have an attitude.  Who can say why?
 
There is a very good description of how bees react in _The_Hive_and_the_
Honeybee_ (which I don't have with me right now so I can quote chapter or
pages or contributing author).  The chapter compares the tiny bee brains
to simple rudimentary computer programs which only have a few subroutines
to handle a wide variety of inputs.  The article states that the main bee
subroutine is to ramble over the combs in the hive until this seemingly
aimless rambling brings the bees to some other stimulus that kicks in
another move powerful subroutine (such as: IF RAMBLING THEN IF ENCOUNTER
QUEEN THEN GROOM QUEEN).  The subroutines that click in don't involve a
thought process per se, perhaps because the bees' brain is too small to
be capable of thought.  And the subroutines available to a bee are
different at different stages of development.  The subroutines available
to a guard bee are not available to newly emerged bees as the new fuzzy
bees don't have the biological capability to defend the hive.
 
I have perhaps rambled in this answer, but the two main points are that
bees don't "recognise" their keepers, and _The_Hive_and_the_Honeybee_ is
an excellent text that makes great reading!
 
Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee!


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:35 EDT 1995
Article: 2020 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Honey Price UP
Date: Sat, 17 Jun 1995 16:22:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95061710483282@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 65        

Market Report June 17, 1995
Report from California

          __________________________________________________________
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
        |  Some US HONEY Prices for May 1955                         |
        |                                      NEW CROP              |
        |  Calif.  ORANGE/Sage   53-55           white               |
        |          Orange/Sage   51-52           ex light amber      |
        |                                                            |
        |  Florida                                                   |
        |          Orange        60-61           white               |
        |                                                            |
        |  North Dakota                         OLD CROP             |
        |          Clover        55-63           white               |
        |          Alfalfa/Clov  50              white               |
        |                                                            |
        |  Mexico Mixed Flowers  63 POE          light amber         |
        |____________________________________________________________|
        :   Wild Bee's BBS  209-826-8107                             :
         \___________________________________________________________/

        California production prospects still remain above normal, BUT
        unsettled weather has reduced the total crop from Orange to 50%
        of normal. Sage production is expected to be good, but spotty
        depending on the local weather. Production continues from Sage,
        and the Wild Buckwheat is starting. Hot weather is needed for
        good Wild Buckwheat. Fall prospect look great.

        Local Sue Bee members are excited by 1995 new crop price goals
        from the Co-Op projected to bee $0.615 base price per pound an
        increase of about 20% over the past seasons.

        ?Why anyone would pay .63 cents for light amber honey imported
        from Mexico when million's of pounds of US honey remains unsold
        is a mystery to me and may only illustrate that honey buyers are
        no smarter then honey producers. Or some one is getting a big
        discount in the form of a kick back, the rule for doing
        business in Mexico under, what was the name of that treaty?
        NATO, GET (your) GAT or something like that?<G>

        Reminds me of a good friend of mine who also happened to be the
        top producer of honey in California for several years. He would
        alway's top the market when selling his crop to one particular
        packer. His neighbors hated him, and when his back was turned
        would call him a lier and other things about his roots. It took
        years before anyone including my friend figured out what was
        going on. The packer alway's was slow paying, and would give my
        friend two checks telling him to hold one for a few day's. The
        packer would then show the next producer the first check and
        represent it to be the full price paid to the big beekeeper for
        his crop.<G> This same packer was famous for jumping up in a
        industry meeting supporting some worthwhile project waving a big
        check in the air. And that would be the only time anyone would
        see that check, a real air ball, but we all loved him anyway,
        may he rest in peace...if it's not to hot where he is at rest...

                                ttul Andy-


(c)Permission to reproduced, Granted.
Fact's and opinions, are like oil and water,
they do get separated.


From pollinator@aol.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:36 EDT 1995
Article: 2021 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Skeps - Repost from gardening newsgroup
Date: 18 Jun 1995 21:54:30 -0400
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Subject: Info on a Bee skep
From: URWD77A@prodigy.com (Robert Scott)
Date: 15 Jun 1995 12:05:43 GMT
Message-ID: <3rp7mn$c7i@usenetw1.news.prodigy.com>

What is it? Historicaly, where did they come from? We have one in our 
Herb Garden, and I know nothing about it. I would appreciate any info. If 
I've posted this in the wrong place, forgive me I know not what I do. 
Please reply via E-mail.

Bob Scott
URWD77A @prodigy.com 


Pollinator@aol.com                                   Dave Green
Dave's Pollination Service         Eastern Pollinator Newsletter
PO Box 1215, Hemingway, SC    29554


From camschel@ix.netcom.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:37 EDT 1995
Article: 2022 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: camschel@ix.netcom.com (Peter Amschel )
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee vacuum
Date: 16 Jun 1995 03:35:41 GMT
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In <3rn3il$6n@news.sandia.gov> "Victor C. Rimkus" <vcrimku@sandia.gov> 
writes: 

>
>SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris) wrote:
>>
>
>> Aaron Morris - I have a question.
>
>Will this bee vacuum remove bees from building walls where only a
>small opening exists? I'm turning away a lot of bees because the
>property owners want the bees out now but don't want the wall taken
>apart. The escape hatch method is not feasible for most of the built
>in bee colonies I've recieved calls on and is less than reliable.
>
>Any help would be appriciated by me and these bees doomed for
>extermination.
>
>	Thanks from the high mountains of New Mexico,
>
>				Victor
>

Mike the Beekeeper says to pound on the wall and locate the place where 
the buzzing noise comes up. Then convince the owner that this area is 
right where they are. He says it should be just about 1 square foot 
around the area where you hear the most buzzing. He says that you can 
then cut the wall neatly right at that point and put the same plug back 
in after you have taken out all the bees and honey.
His number is 909-767-0854 in the foothills of the San Jacinto Mountains 
of Aguanga California


From nebantam@aol.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:38 EDT 1995
Article: 2023 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: nebantam@aol.com (NE Bantam)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: 4h poultry
Date: 15 Jun 1995 23:09:40 -0400
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I am looking for 4h poultry people


From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Wed Jun 21 23:08:39 EDT 1995
Article: 2024 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: swarm prevention info
Date: 19 Jun 1995 21:47:51 +0100
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People do not learn to fly planes or drive cars on their own till they 
have some knowledge so why get hold of something that can be absolutely 
lethal to some people without adequate knowledge

Don't think I am hostile, but after a lot of years beekeeping, and 
having been secretary, treasurer, chairman and president of our local 
association I have seen it all before and I know that 90% of a 
beginners problems in the first year could be solved by them attaching 
themselves to a responsible local association who would guide them.

Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
Technology Management Ltd
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)



From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Wed Jun 21 23:08:40 EDT 1995
Article: 2025 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: bee moth questions
Date: 19 Jun 1995 21:47:53 +0100
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For wax moth virus, I think you might be talking about Bacillus 
theringensis (that might not be spelt right) which is used in some 
areas for control of caterpillar.

Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
Technology Management Ltd
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)



From cmueller@emi.net Wed Jun 21 23:08:41 EDT 1995
Article: 2026 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: cmueller@emi.net ()
Subject: Re: bee moth questions
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meschmidtke1@stthomas.edu wrote:

>[Note: posted to rec.pets.herp,  sci.bio.entomology.lepidoptera and 
>sci.agriculture.beekeeping]

>I was just in the pet store the other day to pick up a dozen waxworms for
>my day geckos  (larval form of the bee moth _Galleria melonella_)  The store
>didn't have very many left and I got pretty much the last of them.  The
>store owner then said that he probably wouldn't be getting any more in
>for a long time if ever due to some virus that was killing off all of 
>the bee moths.  He said that this virus was bad enough that wax worms as
>a staple item in pet stores and bait shops was probably pretty much at an 
>end.  I got to thinking about this and just out of curiosity I have a
>couple of questions (I hope they don't sound too naive)

>Is it really a virus or is it something else that's wiping out the
>waxworms?  Does this spell doom for the entire species?

I wish that it was true.  I have been inundated this year with wax
moths.  I have never heard of a wax moth virus.  Where can I get some?

>Mark  meschmidtke1@stthomas.edu

Why don't you contact a local bee keeoper and see if you can aquire
some old black comb from him?  All you need to do to get your own wax
moth farm going is to place a few of your larve with the old comb in a
screened enclosure.  They will pupate and reproduce in adult form and
you will have an endless supply in just a few weeks.

Carl Mueller  cmueller@emi.net
West Palm Beach, Florida



From nates@svi.org Wed Jun 21 23:08:42 EDT 1995
Article: 2027 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Nate Saal <nates@svi.org>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Are they going to swarm?
Date: 19 Jun 1995 23:34:47 GMT
Organization: Smart Valley, Inc.
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To: Nates@svi.org

Hello everyone! 
 
This my first time posting alough I have been an avid reader of the   
newsgroup. 
 
Here is my quesiton: 
I started a new hive about a month and a half ago from a package.  Two   
weeks ago I added a second deep super seeing as the first was about 80%   
full.  This past weekend, I noticed a queen cell with a very small larva   
in the new, upper super.  Lots of drones around as well.  I saw the queen   
two weekends ago and found new eggs this past weekend, so she is   
definitely alive and well. 
 
First, why would they be making a new queen if they are a new hive and   
have lots of room to grow (20% in one super and 80% in the other)?  There   
is not a very heavy honey flow right now, and they seem far from crowded. 
 
Second, should I cut out the cell to prevent them from swaring or will   
they just rebuild? 
 
Any suggestions on how to keep this young hive from swarming? 
 
Thanks for your adivce, 
 
Nate 
Palo Alto



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:43 EDT 1995
Article: 2028 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: New Dadant Branch
Date: Tue, 20 Jun 1995 01:15:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95061919145491@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 40        

              o        o
        __     \______/     __
       \   \   / \  / \   /   /
         \   \| (O)(O) |/   /
        -.OOOo----<>----oOOO.-
        |   PUBLIC SERVICE   |
        |      Posting       |
        |                    |
        |    Wild Bee's BBS  |
        |    209 826-8107    |
        |                    |--->>>
        |____________Oooo.___|
             .oooO   (   )
             (   )    ) /
              \ (    (_/
               \_)
          __________________________________________________________
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
        |         *ATTENTION DADANT FRESNO BRANCH CUSTOMERS*         |
        |                                                            |
        |  Dadant's Fresno, Branch is moving.                        |
        |                                                            |
        |  Where: 2742 South Railroad Avenue                         |
        |         Fresno, CA 93725                                   |
        |                                                            |
        |   When: July 1st 1995                                      |
        |                                                            |
        |        Directions: Southeast of Hwy 99 & Jensen Ave.       |
        |        interchange. From 99 go East on Jensen, South       |
        |        on Golden State, North on Orange, South on          |
        |        Railroad to 2742.                                   |
        |                                                            |
        |   New phone # 209 495-0230   New fax # 209 495-0232        |
        |      Hours: 7:00 AM to 4:00 PM Monday thru Friday          |
        |              Closed 12:00- 1:00 for Lunch                  |
        |____________________________________________________________|
        :  Read the American Bee Journal for BIG Grand Opening !!    :
         \___________________________________________________________/


From mel@maths.abdn.ac.uk Wed Jun 21 23:08:44 EDT 1995
Article: 2029 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Andrew Mellanby <mel@maths.abdn.ac.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Bee Vacuum
Date: 20 Jun 1995 08:42:37 GMT
Organization: University of Aberdeen,  Scotland
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paulp@ims.com (Paul Petty) wrote:
> In article <3r9ava$ci3@aurns1.aur.alcatel.com> calhoun@aurxc5.aur.alcatel.com (Glen Calhoun) writes:
> 
> >Does anyone have plans for a bee vacuum?

paulp@ims.com (Paul Petty) wrote:
> I too would like to find out about this. 

There was an article in The Scottish Beekeeper this month about 
such a device (a homemade design). As I remember it was reasonably
unsuccessful - problems like getting the vacuum cleaner 15 feet up a
tree and then scaring the bees away with all the noise.
However, the article did say that the bees remained reasonably
undamaged.
The design was a Nuc box with a mesh floor, on top of a shallower box
into which the vacuum pipe entered at the side, and of course the end
you suck up the bees with came out the top of the nuc box.
(All the boxes are plywood).

			/  /	<- To Bees
			| |
		+-------+ +------+
		|                |
		|  Nuc Box       |
		|                |
		+= = = = = = = = +  <- Mesh Floor
	    ____|                |
<- To vacuum---------------------+	





From sielinr@cris.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:45 EDT 1995
Article: 2030 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: Ron Sielinski <sielinr@cris.com>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: swarm prevention info
Date: 19 Jun 1995 11:05:44 GMT
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"K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk> wrote:
>
> > looking for info on preventing swarming
>  
> Why do people take up beekeeping without learning anything about it 
> first?
> 

Maybe that's what s/he's trying to do.... Not everyone has immediate
access to beekeeping information. After all, many local libraries 
are dreadfully underfunded and therefor unable to afford information 
on specialized fields. So where does one turn? This forum would seem
a fair place. If the mood were friendlier. 


From sanflet@ix.netcom.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:46 EDT 1995
Article: 2031 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: sanflet@ix.netcom.com (Sue & David Fletcher)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: "Shaggy Fuzzyfoot" Bees
Date: 20 Jun 1995 14:41:33 GMT
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Saw this article and am passing this along for your info.

An article in June's WESTERN FRUITGROWER magazine states that the
Shaggy fuzzyfoot (Anthophora pilipes villousula) bees are being
introduced to the U.S. from Japan.

They are intended to be pollinators of apples, blueberries, peaches,
pears and other fruits during the early spring.  They will work in rain
and at temps as low as 48 degrees F.  "And a female shaggy fuzzyfoot is
a genuine workaholic, visiting up to 337,000 flowers in her 60-day
adult lifetime."

They are dormant almost the entire year, except for about two months
>from  late March to late May.  They can buzz pollinate, which is
critical for blueberries.

USDA scientist Suzanne Batra has about 1000 nests for growers and
beekeepers for trials in the U.S.

"They are gentle, easy to keep in adobe blocks, and survive
temperatures as low as 20 degrees F.  

Interested beekeepers should obtain import permits from the state's
agriculture department.  Contact Barta at 301-504-8384
or Fax 301-504-8746.


I don't know any more about this than what I read in the article.
David Fletcher
sanflet@ix.netcom.com


From vcrimku@sandia.gov Wed Jun 21 23:08:47 EDT 1995
Article: 2032 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news-e1a.megaweb.com!newstf01.news.aol.com!uunet!in1.uu.net!news.sandia.gov!usenet
From: "Victor C. Rimkus" <vcrimku@sandia.gov>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Hackler Honey Punch Help Needed
Date: 19 Jun 1995 14:59:05 GMT
Organization: Sandia National Laboratories
Lines: 13
Message-ID: <3s43bp$mel@news.sandia.gov>
NNTP-Posting-Host: slick.raptor.sandia.gov

I got a Hackler Honey Punch last year and really like the reduced
time in uncapping. However, this tool produces a lot of very fine
wax particles in the honey. I do not have a honey heating tank so
straining through a fine mesh takes quite a while and incorporates
air. I cannot seem to get clear honey using this device. Am I doing
somthing wrong? How can I get the honey to come out not cloudy?

Looking at it another way, this honey crystalizes quickly. I get
twice the price for creamed honey, but not all of my customers want
this product.

		Thank you,
			     Victor	


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:47 EDT 1995
Article: 2033 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!news.duke.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Farmer's Market Online (tm) Vol 1 #1
Date: Tue, 20 Jun 1995 15:46:00 GMT
Message-ID: <95062017024398@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 99        


*FYI* Ok, honey producer's let's see some honey for sale in this
news letter I found. Use at own risk, don't know anymore about this
then what is posted here.
                             ttul Andy-

From: marketfarm@aol.com (MarketFarm)
Subject: Farmer's Market Online (tm) Vol 1 #1

FARMER'S
MARKET
ONLINE
Vol 1, Number 1, June 19, 1995
+++++++++++++
Copyright (c) 1995  Outrider News Service
"All Rights Reserved"

        Greetings! Welcome to the alt.agriculture.fruit edition of
Farmer's Market Online (tm), your weekly guide to marketing farm-direct
fresh produce, specialty foods, crafts, livestock and pets around the
world. On the following pages you will find:
        Farm Produce (4 booths)
        Specialty Foods (1 booth)
        Shopping Lists (1 list)
        Bulletin Board
        * Farmer-Based Marketing
        * Sustainable Ag Conference
        * Tracking Shipments on WWW
        * Book Review: County Fair Cookbook

        Born out of an appreciation for rural lifestyles, a love for fresh
produce and fine foods, and a desire to strengthen and preserve
agriculture-based economies, this newsletter is a product of Outrider
News Service, an independent business based in Shoshone, Idaho.

        Our bias in these pages is in favor of the small-scale,
sustainable farming operation, full-time or part-time, hobby or
professional. It is our belief that access to the Internet will make
small farms more viable by opening up new market opportunities on a
global scale.

        Farmer's Market Online (tm) has been designed to provide an
inexpensive platform upon which farmers and consumers from
throughout the world can meet and negotiate farm-direct sales, trades
and barters. Each weekly issue reports on farm products, identifies food
sources, and posts consumers' shopping lists in E-mail, FAX and print
editions.

        Set up much like an open-air market, this "virtual" farmer's
market has individual "Booths" where sources for fresh fruits and
vegetables, herbs, meats, flowers, seeds, craft items, pets and
livestock, and other items are displayed for sale, trade or barter.

        There's also a "Bulletin Board" with news about farming and
marketing farm products, profiles of farmers and artisans, and a
"Shopping Lists" posting space where shoppers can identify products
they are trying to find..

        We hope that readers (who do not have to be subscribers) will find
FARMER'S MARKET ONLINE (tm) a valuable resource for locating farm-
direct sources of produce, meats, crafts, animals and specialty products.
Those with computers and modems will be able to contact producers by
e-mail or their Web addresses for more information or place an order for a
product online. Those who don't have computers, or who prefer more
traditional avenues of trade, can phone, fax or write to the producer to
arrange a purchase, trade or barter.

        Please feel free to comment on any booth. While we do not screen
products, we will remove those that are clearly fraudulent and will report
any complaints to the producer. We also welcome news items,
announcements, calendar items and opinions relating to farmer's markets,
farming, food, cooking, and the marketing of farm products on our Bulletin
Board. Send all E-mail correspondence to marketfarm@aol.com, faxes to
(208) 886-7602, or S-mail to Box 277, Shoshone, ID 83352-0277.

+++++
THE BOOTHS
+++++

NOTICE: Farmer's Market Online (tm) is a news and information service,
not a sales agent or middleman. Booth listings are edited for style and
length, but otherwise all transactions are the sole business of the buyer
and seller, or traders. No warranty is made on the products listed.

Farm Produce

MAPLE SYRUP. Pure. $5.50 pint, $10 qt, $18.50 1/2 gal, $33 gal. + $5
UPS  to cont. U.S. Contact: Maplewood Farm. E-mail: TomBaum@aol.com.
Phone: 800/344-1709 or 419/892-2598. Mail: 3160 Rider Rd, Lucas OH
44843.

SEEDS, SPROUTING. Certified organic. 25 varieties. "Mumm's Grow-at-
Home Sprouts." 100g(3.5oz)  pkgs. and up. Contact: Jim/Maggie Mumm.
E-mail: jim.mumm@harrier.sasknet.sk.ca. Mail: Hazelridge Farm, Bx 268,
Shellbrook, SK, Canada, S0J 2EO. PH (306) 747-2935; FX (306) 747 3618.

TREES, Seedlings. Forestry, conservation or Christmas trees. Many
varieties, Northern-grown. Shipping available. Contact: Forest of the
Future -- Lawrence Mountain Nurse


From healer@duncan.island.net Wed Jun 21 23:08:49 EDT 1995
Article: 2034 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!news.cyberstore.ca!vanbc.wimsey.com!unixg.ubc.ca!news.bc.net!news.island.net!usenet
From: healer@duncan.island.net (Ronald Healy)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: swarm prevention info
Date: 21 Jun 1995 00:39:01 GMT
Organization: Island Internet
Lines: 14
Message-ID: <3s7pn5$e8q@cliff.island.net>
References: <3rpldc$sfi@lastactionhero.rs.itd.umich.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: slip18.duncan.island.net
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.92.5

In article <3rpldc$sfi@lastactionhero.rs.itd.umich.edu>, sideout@umd.umich.edu (Mike Bist) says:
>
>looking for info on preventing swarming
>
> thanks,
> pat
Being a rookie beekeeper I thought we were taking appropriate swarm control
measures, until yesterday.  I walked out to watch the hives for a while
and noticed that my strongest hive was busier than usual.  As I was standing
there, bees started pouring out by the thousands and the air was clouded 
with them.  The noise was unbelievable.  This is the first swarm I had 
ever seen, and unfortunately it flew off into the nearby trees.  I was 
disappointed the hive had swarmed, but the experience almost made it 
worth it!


From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Wed Jun 21 23:08:49 EDT 1995
Article: 2035 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!news.ultranet.com!news.sprintlink.net!demon!tecman.demon.co.uk!khooker
From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: swarm prevention info
Date: Tue, 20 Jun 1995 17:09:52 GMT
Organization: None
Lines: 16
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <250375146wnr@tecman.demon.co.uk>
References: <3rpldc$sfi@lastactionhero.rs.itd.umich.edu>
Reply-To: khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk
X-NNTP-Posting-Host: tecman.demon.co.uk
X-Broken-Date: Tuesday, Jun 20, 1995 16.15.57 GMT
X-Newsreader: Newswin Alpha 0.6

I find bees very theraputic, a natural form of stress relief.  If bees 
are handled correctly, most of the time you will not get stung, 
therefore the degree of concentration needed to acheive this is 
somewhat greater than trundling a mower up and down a lawn.  

The result of looking through a dozen hives properly will be a very 
happy and relaxed beekeeper.

Of course the penalty for not doing it properly is a lot of negative 
feedback from the bees (and this can hurt)

Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
Technology Management Ltd
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)



From cmueller@emi.net Wed Jun 21 23:08:50 EDT 1995
Article: 2036 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!news.ultranet.com!news.sprintlink.net!athens!news
From: cmueller@emi.net ()
Subject: Re: bee moth questions
X-Newsreader: Forte Free Agent v0.46
Sender: news@emi.net (Mr News)
Organization: The EmiNet Domain, FL (407)731-0291
Message-ID: <DAI19q.7Hq@emi.net>
References: <DADMu2.1I4@emi.net> <1995Jun15.150600.1@milo> <1995Jun15.151008.1@milo> <618509352wnr@tecman.demon.co.uk>
X-Nntp-Posting-Host: ttyci.emi.net
Date: Wed, 21 Jun 1995 04:11:16 GMT
Lines: 22

"K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk> wrote:

>For wax moth virus, I think you might be talking about Bacillus 
>theringensis (that might not be spelt right) which is used in some 
>areas for control of caterpillar.

>Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
>Technology Management Ltd
>Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)

No, Bacillus theringensis is as it's name states it is a bacteria,
which infects only insects of the order Lepoderptra.  It is also
a viable (live) bacteria with a limited life span.  It must be
cultured and applied, usually in a water base, by spraying
onto the combs.

I think that in this case the pet shop owner probably lost his
source and needed an explaination.

Carl Mueller  cmueller@emi.net
West Palm Beach, Florida



From meschmidtke1@stthomas.edu Wed Jun 21 23:08:51 EDT 1995
Article: 2037 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!emf.emf.net!news.uoregon.edu!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!netline-fddi.jpl.nasa.gov!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!news.cyberstore.ca!skypoint.com!news3.mr.net!mr.net!news.mr.net!milo!meschmidtke1
From: meschmidtke1@stthomas.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: bee moth questions
Date: 20 Jun 95 23:26:08 +600
Organization: UST, University of St. Thomas
Lines: 18
Message-ID: <1995Jun20.232608.1@milo>
References: <DADMu2.1I4@emi.net> <1995Jun15.150600.1@milo> <1995Jun15.151008.1@milo> <618509352wnr@tecman.demon.co.uk> <DAI19q.7Hq@emi.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: word.stthomas.edu

In article <DAI19q.7Hq@emi.net>, cmueller@emi.net () writes:
> 
> I think that in this case the pet shop owner probably lost his
> source and needed an explaination.
> 
> Carl Mueller  cmueller@emi.net
> West Palm Beach, Florida
> 

No, I don't think that's it.  I went back to the pet shop owner and asked
him a few more questions.  It seems that he has quite a few different
sources for wax worms and all of them are telling him the same thing.
(I didn't ask who his sources were, I guess I should have but I didn't
want to seem too nosy)

Mark   meschmidtke1@stthomas.edu




From khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk Wed Jun 21 23:08:53 EDT 1995
Article: 2038 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!demon!tecman.demon.co.uk!khooker
From: "K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: swarm prevention info
Date: 19 Jun 1995 21:15:11 +0100
Organization: None
Lines: 20
Sender: news@news.demon.co.uk
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <621726769wnr@tecman.demon.co.uk>
References: <410569543wnr@tecman.demon.co.uk> <3rpldc$sfi@lastactionhero.rs.itd.umich.edu>
Reply-To: khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk
NNTP-Posting-Host: dispatch.demon.co.uk
X-Newsreader: Newswin Alpha 0.6
X-Posting-Host: tecman.demon.co.uk

If you are learning try a number of different books and select a method 
that is suitable for yourself and your bees.   

Two that I recommend to a beginner are 

"Guide to bees and honey" by Ted Hooper NDB, published by Blandford press 
over here and with ISBN 0 7137 0782 8 as its number

"Keeping Bees" compiled by John B Free and published by the Central 
Association of Beekeepers  ISBN 1 871254 01 9.

The first book is a very practical one and the second brings together a 
number of very good scientific papers that cover the 
knowledge needed to underpin the practical work.


Keith JM Hooker BA MIPD
Technology Management Ltd
Whitstable, Kent, UK, EC (just)



From vcrimku@sandia.gov Wed Jun 21 23:08:54 EDT 1995
Article: 2039 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!uunet!in1.uu.net!news.sandia.gov!usenet
From: "Victor C. Rimkus" <vcrimku@sandia.gov>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Are they going to swarm?
Date: 20 Jun 1995 14:17:54 GMT
Organization: Sandia National Laboratories
Lines: 37
Message-ID: <3s6laj$s53@news.sandia.gov>
References: <3s51in$8nr@smart1.svi.org>
NNTP-Posting-Host: slick.raptor.sandia.gov

 
> I started a new hive about a month and a half ago from a package.  Two   
> weeks ago I added a second deep super seeing as the first was about 80%   
> full.  This past weekend, I noticed a queen cell with a very small larva   
> in the new, upper super.  Lots of drones around as well.  I saw the queen   
> two weekends ago and found new eggs this past weekend, so she is   
> definitely alive and well. 
>  
> First, why would they be making a new queen if they are a new hive and   
> have lots of room to grow (20% in one super and 80% in the other)?  There   
> is not a very heavy honey flow right now, and they seem far from crowded. 
>  
> Second, should I cut out the cell to prevent them from swaring or will   
> they just rebuild? 
>  
> Any suggestions on how to keep this young hive from swarming? 

Nate / Palo Alto

I do not believe these bees are preparing to swarm. Swarm cells are 
usually built at the bottom of the hive. The bees are most likely
trying to replace a failing queen. Yes, a brand new queen can be
failing. One package I hived did just what you explained. The
reputable outfit I purchased my package from sent me a replacement
queen at no charge and with no hassel.

If you cut this cell out you may end up with a failed (drone laying)
queen. This cell is fragile and care should be taken to not shake or
bump it. Even turning it upside-down to inspect it could kill it. I
do not cut these cells out when I find them in the upper brood
chamber.

Contact your supplier and see if they will send you a replacement. If
not, let nature take its course.

		Victor / Albuquerque



From ewhitevhp@aol.com Wed Jun 21 23:08:55 EDT 1995
Article: 2040 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!hudson.lm.com!news.pop.psu.edu!news.cac.psu.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news-e1a.megaweb.com!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: ewhitevhp@aol.com (EWhiteVHP)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Wanted - beeswax polish receipe
Date: 19 Jun 1995 17:05:38 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 4
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <3s4or2$f5k@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
References: <3ria2q$t6t@grok.provo.Novell.COM>
Reply-To: ewhitevhp@aol.com (EWhiteVHP)
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com

You said you couldn't find carnauba wax?
Brushy Mtn sells it as well as beeswax
1-800-BEESWAX
Elaine White


From camschel@ix.netcom.com Thu Jun 22 23:33:53 EDT 1995
Article: 2041 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!wlbr!frankensun.altair.com!simtel!noc.netcom.net!ix.netcom.com!netnews
From: camschel@ix.netcom.com (Peter Amschel )
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: swarm prevention info
Date: 20 Jun 1995 04:52:29 GMT
Organization: Netcom
Lines: 24
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3s5k6d$f35@ixnews5.ix.netcom.com>
References: <3rpldc$sfi@lastactionhero.rs.itd.umich.edu> <410569543wnr@tecman.demon.co.uk> <3s3lm8$dac@warp.cris.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ix-tem-ca1-02.ix.netcom.com

In <3s3lm8$dac@warp.cris.com> Ron Sielinski <sielinr@cris.com> writes: 

>
>"K.J.M.Hooker" <khooker@tecman.demon.co.uk> wrote:
>>
>> > looking for info on preventing swarming
>>  
>> Why do people take up beekeeping without learning anything about it 
>> first?
>> 
>
>Maybe that's what s/he's trying to do.... Not everyone has immediate
>access to beekeeping information. After all, many local libraries 
>are dreadfully underfunded and therefor unable to afford information 
>on specialized fields. So where does one turn? This forum would seem
>a fair place. If the mood were friendlier. 
>

Also, beekeeping, like medicine, is more of an art than a science. It is 
useful to read books and to log in here and on Andy's BBS to get some of 
the tricks of the trade, but there is more than one way to skin a cat in 
beekeeping. Beekeeping is a real slice of life itself. Bees may be 
closely tuned to holy spirit itself. Do you think so?



From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Thu Jun 22 23:33:54 EDT 1995
Article: 2042 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!jobone!ukma!usenet.eel.ufl.edu!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!vtaix.cc.vt.edu!adamf
From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bad Hair Day (fwd)
Date: 22 Jun 1995 02:30:52 GMT
Organization: Virginia Tech
Lines: 30
Message-ID: <3sakks$nbu@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: vtaix.cc.vt.edu
NNTP-Posting-User: adamf

From: "Patrick M O'Hearn" <73203.610@COMPUSERVE.COM>
Subject:      Bees and the third estate

Hello All,
   KENNEWICK, Wash. (AP) -- A TV reporter's hair gel apparently attracted a
swarm of bees that stung him more than 30 times Tuesday.
   KVEW reporter Mychal Limric, 24, was doing a story on the science of
beekeeping when bees from a hive about 50 feet away suddenly darted toward his
head, KVEW-TV News Director Tom Spencer said.
   Camerawoman Dao Vu and beekeeper Irv Pfeiffer tried to brush the bees off,
then Pfeiffer slammed a protective hood over Limric's head -- which also turned
out to contain bees, Spencer said.
   Limric took cover in a vehicle.
   He was treated at a hospital for more than 30 stings on the scalp and face,
Spencer said. Limric wasn't expected to have any lasting ill effects.
   Spencer said Limric's hair gel seemed the only logical catalyst for the
attack, since the stings were mostly on his scalp. Vu and Pfeiffer, who weren't
wearing any gel, were standing next to Limric but were not attacked. Spencer
wasn't able to say exactly what was in the gel.
   Kennewick is located about 180 miles southeast of Seattle.

Talk about your bad hair day.....

Patrick M. O'Hearn
Aztec, New Mexico

-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jun 22 23:33:55 EDT 1995
Article: 2043 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!pirates!emory!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Purple loosestrife
Date: Thu, 22 Jun 1995 00:43:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950621191132115@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 29        


AGENCY:  Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.

ACTION:  Notice of the Availability of an Environmental Assessment;
Request for Comments

SUMMARY:  The purpose of this Notice is to make available to the public an
environmental assessment regarding the release in the United States of
three nonindigeneous insects Galerucella calmariensis, Galerucella
pusilla, and Hylobius tansversovittatus. The purpose of the release is to
reduce and control Lythrum salicaria on Service-managed wetlands and to
assist the States to reduce and control purple loosestrife on non-Service
wetlands.  These insects are not native to North America.

DATES: Written comments on the Environmental Assessment should be received
on or before July 12, 1995


You may also obtain a copy by sending an email message to Meredith Cabillo
at Meredith_Cabillo@mail.fws.gov. Please include your name and mailing
address in the message.

Dear Sir,

   Could you send me a copy of this EA on Purple Loosestrife to:

                A. J. Nachbaur
                1522 Paradise Lane
                Los Banos, CA 93635


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jun 22 23:33:57 EDT 1995
Article: 2044 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!wsu-cs!news1.oakland.edu!nexus.coast.net!simtel!zombie.ncsc.mil!news.mathworks.com!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Farmer's Market Online (tm) Vol 1 #1
Date: Wed, 21 Jun 1995 13:35:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950621071438106@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 203       


*FYI* CORRECTION TO "FARMER'S MARKET ONLINE"

From: MarketFarm@aol.com
To: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com
Date: Wed, 21 Jun 1995 03:11:54 -0400
Subject: Re: Farmer's Market Online (tm) Vol 1 #1

In a message dated 95-06-20 20:14:36 EDT, you write:

Hi Andy. Vol 1 #1 follows. Where did you find the copy that was cut off
short? I'll try to correct that. Thanks.

Michael Hofferber

FARMER'S
MARKET
ONLINE
Vol 1, Number 1, June 19, 1995
+++++++++++++
Copyright (c) 1995  Outrider News Service
"All Rights Reserved"

        Greetings! Welcome to the first issue of Farmer's Market
Online (tm), your weekly guide to farm-direct fresh produce,
specialty foods, crafts, livestock and pets from around the world.
On the following pages you will find:
        Farm Produce (4 booths)
        Specialty Foods (1 booth)
        Crafts (2 booths)
        Livestock (2 booths)
        Shopping Lists (1 list)
        Bulletin Board
        * Electronic Distribution of Farmer's Market Online(tm)
        * Market Data
        * Farmer-Based Marketing
        * Blight Warning
        * Sustainable Ag Conference
        * Shiitake Demand Mushrooms
        * Tracking Shipments on WWW
        * Book Review: County Fair Cookbook
        Subscription Form
        Booth Reservation Form

        Born out of an appreciation for rural lifestyles, a love for fresh
produce and fine foods, and a desire to strengthen and preserve
agriculture-based economies, this newsletter is a product of
Outrider News Service, an independent business based in
Shoshone, Idaho.
        Our bias in these pages is in favor of the small-scale,
sustainable farming operation, full-time or part-time, hobby or
professional. It is our belief that access to the Internet will make
small farms more viable by opening up new market opportunities
on a global scale.
        Farmer's Market Online (tm) has been designed to provide an
inexpensive platform upon which farmers and consumers from
throughout the world can meet and negotiate farm-direct sales,
trades and barters. Each weekly issue reports on farm products,
identifies food sources, and posts consumers' shopping lists in E-
mail, FAX and print editions.
        Set up much like an open-air market, this "virtual" farmer's
market has individual "Booths" where sources for fresh fruits and
vegetables, herbs, meats, flowers, seeds, craft items, pets and
livestock, and other items are displayed for sale, trade or barter.
        There's also a "Bulletin Board" with news about farming and
marketing farm products, profiles of farmers and artisans, and a
"Shopping Lists" posting space where shoppers can identify
products they are trying to find.
        FARMER'S MARKET ONLINE (tm) is being distributed on
World Wide Web, e-mail, BBSs, online forums and newsgroups as
well as by fax and surface mail. Subscribers and readers do not
have to own a computer or have access to the Internet or e-mail in
order to list their products or read the publication, although the cost
is higher to receive fax or paper copies.
        Weekly delivery of FARMER'S MARKET ONLINE (tm) to an e-
mail address costs $25 (US) and includes one booth space
reserved for 50 weeks. (Additional booth spaces are $25 each per
year.)
        A Fax edition of FARMER'S MARKET ONLINE (tm) is available
weekly at a subscription cost of $25 for 16 weeks, $75 for 50
weeks. Print versions are available at a price of $25 for 10 weeks
and $125 per year. Write to mhoutrider@aol.com or Box 277,
Shoshone, ID 83352 for further information.
        We hope that readers (who do not have to be subscribers)
will find FARMER'S MARKET ONLINE (tm) a valuable resource for
locating farm-direct sources of produce, meats, crafts, animals and
specialty products. Those with computers and modems will be
able to contact producers by e-mail or their Web addresses for
more information or place an order for a product online. Those who
don't have computers, or who prefer more traditional avenues of
trade, can phone, fax or write to the producer to arrange a
purchase, trade or barter.
        Please feel free to comment on any booth. While we do not
screen products, we will remove those that are clearly fraudulent
and will report any complaints to the producer. We also welcome
news items, announcements, calendar items and opinions relating
to farmer's markets, farming, food, cooking, and the marketing of
farm products on our Bulletin Board. Send all E-mail
correspondence to marketfarm@aol.com, faxes to (208) 886-7602,
or S-mail to Box 277, Shoshone, ID 83352-0277.

+++++
THE BOOTHS
+++++

NOTICE: Farmer's Market Online (tm) is a news and information
service, not a sales agent or middleman. Booth listings are edited
for style and length, but otherwise all transactions are the sole
business of the buyer and seller, or traders. No warranty is made
on the products listed.

Farm Produce

MAPLE SYRUP. Pure. $5.50 pint, $10 qt, $18.50 1/2 gal, $33 gal. +
$5 UPS  to cont. U.S. Contact: Maplewood Farm. E-mail:
TomBaum@aol.com. Phone: 800/344-1709 or 419/892-2598. Mail:
3160 Rider Rd, Lucas OH 44843.

SEEDS, SPROUTING. Certified organic. 25 varieties. "Mumm's
Grow-at-Home Sprouts." 100g(3.5oz)  pkgs. and up. Contact:
Jim/Maggie Mumm. E-mail: jim.mumm@harrier.sasknet.sk.ca. Mail:
Hazelridge Farm, Bx 268, Shellbrook, SK, Canada, S0J 2EO. PH
(306) 747-2935; FX (306) 747 3618.

TREES, Seedlings. Forestry, conservation or Christmas trees. Many
varieties, Northern-grown. Shipping available. Contact: Forest of the
Future -- Lawrence Mountain Nursery, Box 185, E. Ridge Rd., Mars
Hill, ME 04758. PH: 800-439-9786. E-mail: MARSHILL1@aol.com.

WOOD, River Bottom Wood for Crafts, Trinity River Bottoms, N.
Central Texas, 2 sq ft box w/ 3 decorative pieces, $19.50+$5.25
via UPS shipping. Contact: Jim Reed. E-Mail: jimtexsis@aol.com.
Fax: (903) 872-7477. Mail: J.Reed Estate, 610 W. 7th Ave.,
Corsicana, TX 75110.

Specialty Foods

OYSTER MUSHROOMS, Browns, Whites, Coral, etc. Bliss Valley
Foods. $2.75-4.75/lb. in 5x5lb bulk, 6xlb overwrapped or 15x6oz.
overwrapped pkgs. via United, Delta, Horizon, NW, SW airlines.
Contact: John C. Burk, Bx 103, Bliss, ID 83314. PH: 208-352-4349.
FX: 208-352-4271.

Crafts

JEWELRY, SILVER. Bucking Bronco earrings, pins. Moving Parts.
Earrings $34, $64.  Pins $36, $45. Priority Mail. Contact: Randy
Little. E-mail: little@agecon.msstate.edu. Fax: 601/325-0798. Mail:
Box 5294, Miss. State, MS 39762.

YARN, HAND-SPINNING FLEECES. 100% wool. Corriedale, Colored,
Polypay, Dorsett. Fleece $6.50/lb; yarn $5.50/4oz. skein in
various weights, varieties. Contact: Beth and Winfield Henry,
Rising Meadow Farm. Phone/Fax: 910-622-2842. E-mail:
73524,503@compuserv.com

Livestock

CATTLE, Murray Grey. Lindale Murray Grey Cattle. Specializing in
heifer bulls. Delivery arrangements available. Contact: Linda
Jensen, Box 4, Glenns Ferry, ID 83623. PH 208-366-2670.

EMUS and Rheas. Singles, mature pairs, chicks, eggs. Prices
competitive. Delivery by arrangement. Contact: R&R Genetics.
EMail: RockytopCo@aol.com. PH/FX: 913-889-4495.

+++++++
SHOPPING LISTS
+++++++
(This space is available to shoppers seeking a specific item or
items. Up to six items can be listed. Request Shopping List form
>from  marketfarm@aol.com or submit pertinent information.)


DONG QUAI SEEDS. Angelica species. Contact: Irwin Weintraub,
Bx 1029, Piscataway, NJ 08855 E-mail:
weintraub@zodiac.rutgers.edu. Fax (908) 445-3208; phone (908)
445-3526.

+++++++++
BULLETIN BOARD
+++++++++

ELECTRONIC DISTRIBUTION OF FARMER'S MARKET ONLINE (tm)
        Various versions of Farmer's Market Online (tm) are
distributed to the following locations on the Internet. Each version
is edited to match interests and requirements of host locations. A
full-content edition is reserved for those receiving via personal E-
mail, fax or postal mail.
        WORLD WIDE WEB:
"http://www.infohaus.fv.com/access/by-
seller/Farmers_Market_Online_tm"
        NEWSGROUPS:
alt.agriculture.fruit
alt.agriculture.misc
alt.creative-cooking
alt.sustainable.agriculture
rec.crafts.misc
rec.food.cooking
        MAILING LISTS:
        BEEF-L (Send "SUBSCRIBE BEEF-L"  command to

(Continued to next message)


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jun 22 23:33:58 EDT 1995
Article: 2045 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!ra.nrl.navy.mil!news.pop.psu.edu!hudson.lm.com!newsfeed.pitt.edu!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Farmer's Market Online (tm) Vol 1 #1
Date: Wed, 21 Jun 1995 13:35:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950621071438107@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 205       


(Continued from previous message)

LISTSERV@WSUVM1.BITNET)
        CHEFS ( Send "subscribe chefs to majordomo@halcyon.com)
        DAIRY-L (Send "SUBSCRIBE  DAIRY-L" command to
LISTSERV@UMDD.BITNET)
        MGARDEN (Send SUBSCRIBE MGARDEN firstname lastname
to listproc@listproc.wsu.edu)

        FORUMS:
        The Cooking Club (AOL). Keyword: cooking. Go to Cooking
Library Center, then to Ascii Cooking Library.
        Cooks Online Forum (CS). Go to Food, then to Cooks Online
Forum, then Library, then New Uploads.
        The Exchange (AOL). Keyword: exchange. Go to Gardening
Message Center, then to Buy/Sell/Announce/Advertise.
        Handcrafts Forum (CS). Go to Crafts, then Handcrafts Forum,
then Library, then Business & Trades.

MARKET DATA: WHO'S OUT THERE
        According to the market analysts at Forrester Research, Inc.,
approximately 10 million computer users will be online by the end
of this year. That includes 7.2 million subscribers to Compuserve,
America Online, Prodigy and other proprietary services. The other
2.8 million will access Internet's World Wide Web.

CLIPPING: FARMER-BASED MARKETING
(From Farm Aid News, Vol 3, # 10, June 6, 1995. Produced by The
Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy (IATP) for FARM AID.
Editors: Gigi DiGiacomo and Harry Smith)
        Family farmers (been reaching) out to urban consumers for
generations  by selling vegetables, fruits and herbs through
roadstands, farmers  markets and Community Supported
Agriculture efforts. By selling directly to consumers, farmers are
able to provide  food at competitive, often less expensive, prices,
while covering their costs of production.
        Wendy Landa coordinates a direct marketing pork and
vegetable program for the Missouri Rural Crisis Center called
Patchwork Farms. Her organization recruited a local pork
processor, obtained certification from the USDA, developed a
USDA-approved product label, and established local markets for its
products.
        "If grain growers took the same approach that we did, they
could recuperate some of the profits they are currently losing at the
market by taking over the product development," Landa said.
        Family farmers need opportunities to directly supply
consumers with their best production at competitive prices.  The
federal government has made raw materials cheap for food
processors, now it's time to make the processing affordable to
family farmers who are working to build strong rural economies.

BLIGHT WARNING!
        Plant pathologists at Cornell University warn farmers to watch
for blight in potatoes and tomatoes. Farms in New York were hit
hard last year. Watch for irregular or circular lesions on foliage or
stems. Young lesions may appear water-soaked. Older lesions can
be surrounded by a halo of collapsed tissue that is yellow or
brown. "The most effective strategy for managing late blight is to
avoid sources of spores," says pathologist Diane Karasevic.  "Do
not save potato seed from last year; use only health-certified potato
seed." Karasevicz suggests scouting gardens at least weekly,
searching for signs of late blight. If a plant becomes infected, the
infected parts must be destroyed to prevent further disease
development. Other methods for staving off blight: avoid wet
leaves by watering ground instead of foliage, maintain good air
circulation with vigilant weeding.

CALENDAR: SUSTAINABLE AG CONFERENCE JULY 21-28
        The Latin American Conference on Sustainable Agriculture is
set for July 21-28 in Coro, Falcon State, Venezuela. Key topics of
discussion include ecological management of pests, certification
and commercialization of organic production, green fertilizers and
cultivation practices, biodiversity and food security, new
agricultural extension models, and the preservation of water
basins.  Simultaneous translation will be available and field trips to
area farms have been planned for participants.   The meeting will
also serve as the third Assembly of the Latin American
Agroecological Movement (MAELA.)
        The cost of the full conference is US$85.00 or US$60.00 for
the workshops only.  It is open to all who wish to attend. Contact
IPIAT at Apartado Postal IPIAT, 84. Merida, Venezuela; Email:
ipiat@dino.conicit.ve; Fax: + (68) 520761; (68) 513527; (68)
510834; (68) 528423 or (74) 523779.

SHIITAKE DEMAND MUSHROOMS
        The demand for Shiitake mushrooms in Wisconsin is
"insatiable," the Wisconsin State Journal reports. Sales of the
specialty fungi have grown out of the gourmet niche and into
shoppers' grocery carts at $10-12 a pound, supplementing the
incomes of the state's farmers.
        "We can't keep up," Jamie Ramsay of Indian Farm Mushrooms
told the newspaper. His 500-pounds-a-week supply isn't enough to
keep up with consumer demand at the Madison Farmer's Market.
        Originally grown on the "shii" tree in Japan, Shiitakes have a
hearty, woodsy flavor that's exceptional for grilling, salads and
sauces. The mushrooms vary in size from 2 to 7 inches in
diameter.
        Shiitake production in the U.S. doubled in the past year to
5.56 million pounds, according to the USDA. California and
Pennsylvania growers dominate the industry.  The mushrooms are
grown on oak logs or organic blocks innoculated with spores in a
controlled climate of 77 degrees Fahrenheit and 98 percent
humidity for eight weeks.
        At Indian Farm Mushrooms the Shiitakes sprout from blocks
of sawdust, wheat bran and millet in an old dairy barn. A feed
mixer is used to prepare the mushroom medium, which is then
sterilized in an autoclave.
The farm expects to do $150,00 in sales in 1996.
        Old barns throughout Wisconsin are being pressed back into
use as mushroom incubators, according to the report. The state
has 20 commercial growers and the Shiitake Growers Association
of Wisconsin has more than 300 members

TRACKING SHIPMENTS BY WWW
        Both Unitad Parcel Service (UPS) and Federal Express now
have package tracking service available on the Internet for both
shippers and recipients. You'll also find detailed information on
rates, packaging, billing, and delivery confirmation. The following
World Wide Web addresses lead to their tracking pages:
        FedEx -- "http://www.fedex.com/cgi-bin/track_it"
        UPS -- "http://www.ups.com/tracking/tracking.html"

TATER PIGS AND OTHER FAIR FOOD
Book Review: The County Fair Coookbook
        (Published by Hyperion, "The County Fair Cookbook" is
available for $27.95 at most bookstores, or by special order. To
contact the publisher or the authors, write: Hyperion, 114 Fifth
Ave., New York, NY 10011.)
        At the Calcasieu-Cameron Fair in Sulphur, Louisiana, they eat
catfish courtbouillon.
        Barbecued chicken is a favorite dish at the Rockingham
County Fair in Harrisonburg, Virginia.
        At the Twin Falls County Fair in southern Idaho mouths water
in anticipation for Tater Pigs.
        "Each county fair is unique, a community celebration with its
own distinct local essence," write authors Lyn Stallworth and Rod
Kennedy, Jr., in the introduction to their new cookbook, "The
County Fair Cookbook," published by Hyperion.
        While the fast food restaurant menus and Interstate highways
may look the same across the country, the food items found in the
most popular county fair food booths are refreshingly indigenous.
        There's Yankee Johnnycake at the Plymouth State Fair in New
Hampshire, for instance, and Ruritan Chicken at the Canfield Fair in
Ohio. At the Kent County Fair in Maryland they sell crab cakes and
at the Evergreen State Fair in Monroe, Wash., the Snoqualmie
Tribe's smoke-barbecued salmon is served in a cedar longhouse.
        Stallworth and Kennedy collected more than 200 "down-
home" recipes from food booths, exhibit barns and blue ribbon
prize-winners across the country and compiled them in their
cookbook along with descriptions of nearly 100 county fairs.
        The Twin Falls County Fair began as a harvest festival in 1916
and has evolved into a six-day event with three days of rodeo.
Tater Pigs were introduced in 1975 by the Twin Falls Magichords,
a barbershop quartet singing group. The recipe goes as follows:

TATER PIGS

4 Idaho russet potatoes, 1/2 lb. each
4 frozen pork link sausages

Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Scrub the potatoes well. Make a hole
through each one just large enough to hold a sausage. Insert a
frozen sausage in each. Bake for 1 hour or until the potatoes and
sausages are cooked through. Serves four.

        Baking the potatoes with the sausages inside flavors the
spuds and makes them especially appetizing, according to Blaine
Williams, president of the Magichords group. Serving Tater Pigs
with liberal amounts of butter, sour scream, hot cheese, salt and
pepper makes them even better.
        Proceeds from the Tater Pigs booth help finance the
Magichords' expenses and are contributed to the group's major
benevolent program, the national Institute of Logopedics in
Wichita, Kan., which helps people with severe speech handicaps.
        Pigs are also popular at the Tillamook County Fair in Oregon,
which hosts the world's only Pig-N-Ford races. The racers, many of
them young Tillamook County dairymen, pull squealing and
squirming 40-pound pigs out of a pen, tuck them under one arm,
crank up their Model-T Fords, and drive around a half-mile track.
Then they change pigs and do the same thing two more times.
        Inspired by some loose pigs on the Old Miami River Road in
1925, the Pig-N-Ford races are now a three-day attraction at the fair,
culminating in a World Championship.
        Mildred Davy, who has been broadcasting her "Woman's
World" program on KTIL radio since 1963, contributed the
following Tillamook cheese recipe to "The County Fair Cookbook":

CHEDDAR CHEESE PUFFS WITH A SURPRISE

2 cups grated sharp Tillamook cheese, or other cheddar
8 T (1 stick) butter, at room temperature
1 cup sifted flour
1/2 t salt
1/2 t paprika
48 small green stuffed olives, well drained

Preheat oven to 400 degrees. Blend the grated cheese and butter.
Stir in the flour, salt and paprika. (This can all be done with a food
processor with the metal blade.) Mold one teaspon of the mixture
around each olive. Chill the puffs until firm, about 30 minutes.
Arrange the puffs on ungreased baking sheets. Bake for 15
minutes or until browned. Makes 48 puffs.

(Continued to next message)


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jun 22 23:33:59 EDT 1995
Article: 2046 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!ra.nrl.navy.mil!news.pop.psu.edu!hudson.lm.com!newsfeed.pitt.edu!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Farmer's Market Online (tm) Vol 1 #1
Date: Wed, 21 Jun 1995 13:35:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950621071438108@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 117       


(Continued from previous message)


        Pigs are also a source of entertainment at the Tulelake-Butte
Valley Fair in Tulelake, Calif. For the annual Greased Pig Contest
the spectators form a human wall around the playing field.
        "The kids are divided into weight groups, the pigs are
greased with lard, and as pigs and kids dart around the field, it's up
to the 'wall' to keep the pigs from escaping," according to Stallworth
and Kennedy.
        Mary Victorine is descendant of one of the 60 Czech families
that colonized the town of Malin on the shores of Tule Lake in
1909. The town of Malin in Czechosolvakia was said to grow the
best horseradish in Europe and the colonists brought the rootstock
of those plants with them when they immigrated.
        "Today we raise about one-quarter of all the horseradish in the
country right here," Victorine told the cookbook authors. She
offered the following roast pork recipe as one "almost-entirely-
homegrown" in Malin.
        "We like it with a side dish of sauerkraut, browned in the
roasting pan after the fat is removed," she said. "To spice it up,
serve it with a mixture of three-quarters mustard, one-quarter
horseradish."

ROAST PORK WITH CARAWAY SEEDS

1 clove garlic
1 4-lb. pork loin or shoulder roast
Salt to taste
1 T caraway seeds
1/2 cup water
1 medium onion, cut into quarters

Preheat the oven to 350 degrees. Cut thin slices of garlic and insert
them into little cuts in the meat. Salt it lightly, press on the caraway
seeds and place the roast, fat side up, in a roasting pan with the
water and onion. Roast for 1 3/4 to 2 hours, or until the meat
reaches 160 degrees on an instant-read thermometer. Let rests 15-
20 minutes for easy carving. Serves 4 to 6.

        In Grandview, Wash., the Yakima Valley Junior Fair is held for
four days in mid-August and is run by 4-H and FFA members.
Located in "The Fruit Bowl of the Nation" and surrounded by
orchards, the fair naturally features many apple-based cooking
contests.
        Denise Dykstra, a 4-H member, won a blue ribbon for the
following dessert at the Junior Fair in a competition sponsored by
the Washington Apple Commission.

GRANDMA DYKSTRA'S APPLE CAKE

2 eggs
2 cups granulated sugar
1/2 cup vegetable oil
2 t vanilla extract
2 cups flour
1 t baking soda
1/2 t salt
2 cups peeled, sliced Washington apples
3/4 cup chopped walnuts

Preheat oven to 350 degrees. In a large mixing bowl, beat the
eggs. Add the sugar, oil and vanilla. Mix well. Add 1 cup of the
flour, the baking soda and salt and beat for 1 minute. Beat in the
remaining flour, then fold in the apples and walnuts. Spread the
batter in a greased 9x11x2-inch baking pan. Bake for 35 minutes,
or until a toothpick inserted in the center of the cake comes out
clean. Cool on a rack. Makes 1 cake.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++
SUBSCRIPTIONS AND BOOTH RESERVATIONS:
 FARMER'S MARKET ONLINE (tm)
Category (check one)
___ E-Mail. $25 for 50 weeks.
___ Fax. $25 for 16 weeks.
___ Fax. $75 for 50 weeks.
___ Mail. $25 for 10 weeks.
___ Mail. $125 for 50 weeks.
___ Booth Reservation. $25 for one year. (1 booth free w/
subscription)

Send issues to:
______________________________________________

Amount enclosed: _________

Send check or money order. Include fax number for Fax Edition, or
postal address for Print Edition. Checks should be made out to:
OUTRIDER NEWS SERVICE -- FMO

Mail to: Outrider, Box 277, Shoshone, ID 83352.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++
BOOTH RESERVATION: FARMER'S MARKET ONLINE
Category (check one)
___Farm Produce         ___ Specialty Food      ___ Crafts
___Pets         ___ Livestock
Product __________________
Variety  _________________________________
Trade Name ________________________________
Quantity _________________________________
Asking Price Range or Value (including S&H)
_______________________________________
Contact __________________________________
Contact Address  ___________________________
Contact Phone or Fax __________________________

++++++++++++
Michael Hofferber, Publisher
FARMER'S MARKET ONLINE
Box 277
Shoshone, ID 83352-0277
fax (208) 886-7602
e-mail marketfarm@aol.com
++++++++++++
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jun 22 23:34:01 EDT 1995
Article: 2047 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!portal.gmu.edu!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!ra.nrl.navy.mil!news.pop.psu.edu!hudson.lm.com!newsfeed.pitt.edu!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Purple loosestrife
Date: Wed, 21 Jun 1995 13:50:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950621071439109@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 88        


*FYI*
                    ----------------------------------------
From: "Dave Green, Eastern Pollinator Newsletter" <Pollinator@AOL.COM>
To: Multiple recipients of list BEE-L <BEE-L@UACSC2.ALBANY.EDU>
Date:         Wed, 21 Jun 1995 00:47:16 -0400
Subject:      Purple loosestrife

Purple loosestrife is considered a noxious weed by many.  It has become a
major honey plant in many areas, so this post would be of interest to
beekeepers.     - Dave Green

For sure any beekeeper who depends on this plant for bee forage should
"comment". You can make a difference. The same thing is going on in
California for Yellow Star Thistle, and the beekeepers sat on their
hands. Now we have areas of sick Star Thistle that is useless to bee's,
but it's still there. Another major honey plant that was subject to
a introduced pest is SAGE. The worms injure the plant so that it does
not produce, but in 40 years the Sage is still here and it is a native
wild flower.
                        ttul Andy-


Reposted from Sci.agriculture:

Subject: Purple Loosestrife Biological Control EA
From: Sean_Furniss@mail.fws.gov (Sean Furniss)
Date: Tue, 20 Jun 1995 15:22:10 -0400
Message-ID: <Sean_Furniss-2006951522100001@leatherback.arw.r9.fws.gov>

Availability of an Environmental Assessment

AGENCY:  Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.

ACTION:  Notice of the Availability of an Environmental Assessment;
Request for Comments

SUMMARY:  The purpose of this Notice is to make available to the public an
environmental assessment regarding the release in the United States of
three nonindigeneous insects Galerucella calmariensis, Galerucella
pusilla, and Hylobius tansversovittatus. The purpose of the release is to
reduce and control Lythrum salicaria on Service-managed wetlands and to
assist the States to reduce and control purple loosestrife on non-Service
wetlands.  These insects are not native to North America.

The Service proposes to release these three insect species on Service and
other lands in the United States so they can contribute to the biological
control of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), an introduced weed.

DATES: Written comments on the Environmental Assessment should be received
on or before July 12, 1995

HOW TO OBTAIN A COPY OF THE EA: The document is available on the Fish and
Wildlife Service world wide server at
http://bluegoose.arw.r9.fws.gov/nwrsfiles/habitatmgmt/pestmgmt/loosestrifemgmt
.html/.

You may also obtain a copy by sending an email message to Meredith Cabillo
at Meredith_Cabillo@mail.fws.gov. Please include your name and mailing
address in the message.

--
Sean Furniss
Refuge Program Specialist
Division of Refuges
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Department of the Interior

Sean_Furniss@mail.fws.gov
(703) 358-2043
Division of Refuges, MS 670 ARLSQ
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
4401 North Fairfax Drive
Arlington, VA 22203

<a href="http://bluegoose.arw.r9.fws.gov/">National Wildlife Refuge
System</a>

***********************************************************

The opinions expressed are those of the writer and not those of the Fish and
Wildlife Service nor the Department of the Interior
___________________________________________________________

Information on Service data servers (including WAIS, WWW, etc.) can be
retrieved from the Service Library Server. Send a message to
R9IRMLIB@mail.fws.gov with SEND HELP as the subject (no text in the body of
the message) for instructions and an index.


From Kevin.Ormerod@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM Fri Jun 23 22:51:37 EDT 1995
Article: 2048 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!godot.cc.duq.edu!hudson.lm.com!newsfeed.pitt.edu!dbisna.com!psinntp!psinntp!psinntp!psinntp!ncrgw2.ncr.com!ncrhub2!ncrcae!news
From: Kevin Ormerod <Kevin.Ormerod@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM>
Subject: Re: Do They Know Me?
Message-ID: <DAFAMG.Cqr@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM>
Sender: news@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM (news)
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Date: Mon, 19 Jun 1995 13:54:14 GMT
Lines: 35


I see that you got several answers concerning the bees reaction
to your wife, but how about taking a look at the feeder problem --
Boardman feeders with ONE PINT JARS.  Why not go to a 1 gal.
or a 3 gal feeder pail over the inner cover or a division board
feeder (holds about a gallon also).  Using a bigger feeder would
eliminate the multiple trips during the day.

KO


==========A. J. deLange, 6/15/95==========
I started my first two hives just about a month ago and all seems to be
going well. I'm feeding 50% (by weight) sugar syrup in Boardman feeders
with pint Mason jars. As the weather has turned warmer and the brood has
started to hatch the consumption of syrup has skyrocketed to the point
where a refill is required up to 4 times a day (hottest days). I have
changed these jars with no veil, no gloves, no qualms dozens of times
with no problems. Finally my wife said that is was ridiculous for me to
come home from work during the day to feed the bees and that she would do
it. The first time she did so (today) one of my little ladies gave her
life for the perceived good of the hive and it looks as if I'll be coming
home for lunch again.

The question is "why?" Do they know my smell or my movements or something
else about me? I usually wear a light colored shirt and jeans. My wife
had on a dress with a floral pattern (tasteful, mind you). Could this
have had something to do with it? She said they were definitely upset
about something.

I refilled the jars tonight with the usual response: i.e. I got
checked-out by the guard bees but that was it.

AJ



From mjohnson@ccinet.ab.ca Fri Jun 23 22:51:38 EDT 1995
Article: 2049 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!news.mathworks.com!news.kei.com!simtel!nexus.coast.net!oleane!jussieu.fr!math.ohio-state.edu!news.cyberstore.ca!vanbc.wimsey.com!unixg.ubc.ca!rover.ucs.ualberta.ca!finzi.ccinet.ab.ca!mjohnson.ccinet.ab.ca!user
From: mjohnson@ccinet.ab.ca (Marilyn Johnson)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Alberta Agriculture on the Web
Date: Tue, 20 Jun 1995 11:24:38 -0600
Organization: InfoHarvest
Lines: 22
Message-ID: <mjohnson-2006951124380001@mjohnson.ccinet.ab.ca>
NNTP-Posting-Host: mjohnson.ccinet.ab.ca

The Department of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development for the province
of Alberta, Canada has launched a new Web page designed to deliver their
information.  It is running as a pilot under the name of PROJECT BARLEY.

Project Barley will run for eight weeks. You are invited to visit the site
and provide feedback on the service.

Project Barley can be reached at:
http://www.gov.ab.ca/~agric

Comments can be sent to:
duke@ agric.gov.ab.ca

Thanks for visiting Alberta Agriculture.
Maybe PROJECT HONEY is next.  : )

-----

-- 
Marilyn Johnson
InfoHarvest Inc.
mjohnson@ccinet.ab.ca


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Jun 23 22:51:41 EDT 1995
Article: 2050 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: HONEY HOTLINE #2
Date: Wed, 21 Jun 1995 16:01:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950621170013113@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 37        

You can get HONEY HOTLINE by asking the National Honey Board
Food Technology Program at P.O. Box 281525, San Francisco, CA 94128-1525
or call 1-800-356-5941, USA only on 800 calls.

This months June issue reports on work done with Creamed Honey Spreads.

The information is for any honey producer and not limited to large
honey producers, packers, or industrial users. The science is the
same for large packers or those who would use their own kitchen's
to produce products containing large amounts of honey.

If you are into canning with honey you may find some ease by referring
to some of the research ongoing by the Food Technology Program paid for
by all who market honey in the United States.
          __________________________________________________________
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
        |   Do you know what the bee said after eating the          |
        |   full jar of honey?                                       |
        |                                                            |
        |                                                            |
        |            \ _ /                                           |
        |            /O O \   _                        z  z          |
        |            \~~~ / // \                     z        z      |
        |             /--\//   ))         z        z                 |
        |        ()==/()== \__./  B z z z   z    z                   |
        |        ()=(  ()= )                  z z                    |
        |            \____/  Gosh this Honey is sour!                |
        |             ||||                                           |
        |            (/  \)                                          |
        |                                                            |
        |                                ttul Andy-                  |
        |                                                            |
        |____________________________________________________________|
        :                                                            :
         \___________________________________________________________/


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Fri Jun 23 22:51:42 EDT 1995
Article: 2051 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Purple loosestrife
Date: Thu, 22 Jun 1995 03:50:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950622060130116@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
References: <ccoplan-2106951053150001@h-brown.richmond.infi.net>
Lines: 115       


C>From: ccoplan@infi.net (Chris Coplan)
 >Subject: Purple loosestrife

C>> SUMMARY:  The purpose of this Notice is to make available to the public an
 >> environmental assessment regarding the release in the United States of
 >> three nonindigeneous insects Galerucella calmariensis, Galerucella
 >> pusilla, and Hylobius tansversovittatus. The purpose of the release is to
 >> reduce and control Lythrum salicaria on Service-managed wetlands and to
 >> assist the States to reduce and control purple loosestrife on non-Service
 >> wetlands.  These insects are not native to North America.

C>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 >This prob. not the right place to post, but oh well...anybody know what
 >the common names of these insects are??  (seems to me, when the govt. does
 >introductions such as these, they do more harm to the local ecology than
 >good...but who am I).

I agree with you Chris, on the later. I also think this is the best
place to post the info on the Forest Service plan to release any insect
pest that will damage any Honey Plant like "purple loosestrife" or
"spiked loosestrife".

Every beekeepers has a legal right, A DUTY as a beekeeper, to respond
to this notice or EA, (Environmental Assessment), on the release of these
distractive pests. And each comment must be considered equally and
answered. This includes beekeepers from outside the United States and
especially our neighbors to the north and south. So called introductions
of pests by our government agency's are not limited to the political
boundaries of the United States and could become serious pests in other
environments and beekeepers outside the US.

If no one or few respond then these pests well be released. If one
peon can give good cause why they should not be released then there is
good reason to believe that they will not be released. Or at the least
you will be part of the record and should be notified of any adverse
action to your response and given time to seek relief, and/or for
changes to be made in the EA. No reasonable issue will not be
addressed; So it is written, so it will be..but it's our move.

Some other things all should know. You do not have to be personally
aversely effected to comment. You do not have to have dollars at
risk to comment. And much more, most environmental law is now tilted
a tad towards those who have appreciation for the environment other
then just monetary loss or gains. Last but not the least, if you are
like me and other beekeepers, and just don't want bee pasture damaged
by the release of distractive insects, chemicals, or other control
measures..WE WILL NO WALK ALONE into any hearing. You may not like the
company you will keep but they will be there and you may be surprised who
will side with the beekeeper who want's to protect the bee pasture.

Some reason why I am concerned about the Forest Service EA, and any
plan to release any distractive insect pest to control "PURPLE
LOOSESTRIFE".

   Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum)., is a common name used for both native
and naturalized family of plants that can be found coast to coast and
boarder to boarder in the United States. It is a plant that is of
importance to honey bee's and other insects for food.

   This brings to mind a question; are the intended distractive pests
able to distinguish between the naturalized or introduced species of
Lythrum and the native ones? What about L.alatum, L. ovalifolium, and
some other close plants maybe including some wild and cultivated
buckwheats?

   Another question would be how the Forest Service intends to keep
these introduced pests from crossing into Canada or Mexico?

   I also believe that Purple Loosestrife is an attractive plant and
adds to the ascetics of the areas it grows in. I don't think thousands
of acres or miles of sick, dying, or dead dead plants are of any esoteric
value.

   I will go on and on depending on what I find in the US Forest
Service EA report. But I can tell all from much experience at reading
these that their EA will be full of half truths, pseudo science, and
worst case serenades. All that deserve the time and comments any
beekeepers can make using some God given common sense and simple
reasoning, a well know special trait that beekeepers have that many
others in the so called special interest groups, dusty's, scientists,
and regulators are lacking....

   Look at it from the other side.. Honey Bee's are not native to the
US, Honey Bee's kill about a dozen people each year. Honey Bee's have
been reported to have killed hundreds, maybe thousands of people in SA.
Why don't we import a few varroa mites to rid the US of the introduced
and dangerous pest the Honey Bee?

   Maybe they already did that and forgot about the EA?

They sure did for the Sage head weevil introduced into the best wild
flower honey producing plant in California, and also did a real sneak
job on pest's released into the Yellow Star Thistle, one of the most
important summer nectar and pollen plants for bee's and other insects of
Central and Northern California. All these latter introductions of pests
have done is to reduce the value of these wild flowers to bee's and made
them an unsightly mess..not one acre has been cleared of the native or
naturalized target plants...

  To end I personally believe that if we as a nation were blessed with
all the public funds that any and all agencies could spend, these kind
of projects would not be on my list, and the Forest Service and any
other agency that would today spend the time and money on projects to
injure, damage, or destroy naturalized or native plants that benefit
Honey Bee's and other insects as food crops should be "blue penciled",
de-funded or what ever it takes to get that agency priorities changed.

                             ttul Andy-




(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
Opinions are not necessarily facts.


From worrell@gamera.umd.edu Fri Jun 23 22:51:46 EDT 1995
Article: 2052 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!hookup!usc!cs.utexas.edu!bcm!news.msfc.nasa.gov!news.larc.nasa.gov!lerc.nasa.gov!purdue!haven.umd.edu!gamera.umd.edu!worrell
From: worrell@gamera.umd.edu (Gerard Worrell)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Proper Atire
Date: 23 Jun 1995 13:00:56 GMT
Organization: Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
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References: <3se73t$8h5@NNTP.MsState.Edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: cbl.umd.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]

Wayne Bland (Wbland@Comptroller.Msstate.Edu) wrote:
: Hi Folks,
: So what's your vote? Full gear or shorts and a veil?

Here's a non committal vote:
That depends (mostly on the weather and flow conditions) 
On bright sunny days with some nectar flow I only use a veil. If the 
weather is cloudy, no nectar, bees staying at home doing nothing but 
waiting  for you I use a bee suit and veil; never gloves and plenty of 
smoke. Why no gloves? I feel I upset them more and kill more by not being 
able to feel them around. 

Jerry Worrell
Dunkirk MD    worrell@CBL.umd.edu





From patmcg@neosoft.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:27 EDT 1995
Article: 2134 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: patmcg@new-orleans.neosoft.com (Patrick McGuire)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Where have all the bees gone?
Date: 29 Jun 1995 19:19:55 GMT
Organization: NeoSoft User
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>I also had the occasion to see a bumblebee try to
>enter (rob?) one of my hives.  What a fight!  It was 
>about 6 or 8 to 1 but the bumblebee seemed to
>escape without being seriously harmed.
>
	Funny you should have Bumblebees that were not seriously harmed. 
 I have observed Bumblebees entering my hives on numerous occasions and, 
alas, my bees successfully kill it.  I am constantly finding dead 
Bumblebees in front of my hives.

	Meanwhile, I am sure that the people who have noticed drastic 
drops in their bee populations are experiencing the ravages of the 
varroa.  Last year, at the October meeting of our local bee club, a slide 
and film presentation by our local La. State Horticulturist alerted us to 
the coming of varroa.  Included in the presentation was a microscope set 
up with specimens of dead mite.
        The very next day I was observing my 7 hives and out of the 
entrance of one hive strolls this drone with a mite piggy backing in the 
middle of the thorax.  The drone was black and the mite was bright orange 
so this little Halloween surprise really was obvious.
        I got Apistan strips within one week and treated all my hives.  
The number of dead mites appearing on the "doorstep" to each hive was 
amazing.  Literally teaspoons full for several days after beginning 
treatment.  I did not lose one hive.
        Unfortunately, I had 5 friends who did not treat their hives and 
lost all or at least 75% of their colonies by January.

						Pat McGuire
                                                New Orleans, LA



From ewhitevhp@aol.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:28 EDT 1995
Article: 2135 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: ewhitevhp@aol.com (EWhiteVHP)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Wanted - beeswax polish receipe
Date: 30 Jun 1995 15:27:55 -0400
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NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com

Nope venice turpentine is more like canadian balsam (also a resin).
Elaine


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:29 EDT 1995
Article: 2136 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Why are our bees so weak and sickly?
Date: Sat,  1 Jul 1995 13:22:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950701103935214@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
References: <3svbdt$6jr@mack.rt66.com> <pimentel.515.004225D9@roots.ultranet.com>
Lines: 140       


originally in conference BEE-LIST MAIL on WILD BEE'S BBS
                    ----------------------------------------
From: "Dave Green, Eastern Pollinator Newsletter" <Pollinator@AOL.COM>
Date:         Sat, 1 Jul 1995 01:53:46 -0400
Subject:      Re: Why are our bees so weak and sickly?

In a message dated 95-06-30 11:42:16 EDT, mws@TENET.EDU (Michael Stoops)
wrote:

>Also, if you keep your agent abreast of where
>your bee yards are, you might get notification for the agency of
>upcoming spray schedules so that you can put screens on the entrances
>of your hives and keep your bees in on the day of the proposed spray.
>It also helps if you communicate, and possibly give a jar of honey in
>the fall, with surrounding farmers and ask them to keep you updated
>with their spray schedule so as to prevent further bee kills.  A lot of
>work, I know.  But that might help prevent future drastic bee kills in
>you yards.

   So you are willing to take total responsibility for *protecting* your
bees, eh?

   That may be why we cannot get any action from public officials on this
matter, because of so many beekeepers like you, who are so compliant to
pre-FIFRA *solutions* that didn't work.  It is obvious that you haven't have
direct experience in this area. I certainly don't wish any bee kills on you,
but I'm sure that after a few, you would begin to see differently.

   The pesticide label (if a material is hazardous to bees) specifically
prohibits application if bees are foraging in the application area.  That is
the applicator's responsibility, and it is a legal requirement.  If he
applies on a blooming crop without knowing if bees are foraging, he is at
least negligent, possibly wilful. If labels are carefully followed, bee kills
drop to negligible levels.

   There is, of course the problem, that in circumventing the label
directions by your proposal to let the beekeeper take responsibility, that no
protection is afforded our pollinators that do not have a human caretaker.
 Oops, -there goes bumblebees, solitary bees,  wild honeybees in trees .....


   Lets try a couple scenarios, according to your plan:

#1.  You are a backyard beekeeper with three hives.  Just as you are to leave
for work, you get a call saying the spraying will commence in a half hour.
 You look out, and the bees are already foraging.  You have accepted the
responsibility for *protecting* them, and let the applicator off the hook on
label directions (as if you COULD give him permission to spray illegally).
 You call your boss and explain to him, that you can't make it to work,
because you've got to protect your bees.  He's not happy about that, and you
know that if you pull this again next week, you'll get fired.

   You begin to wonder how you are going to get the bees back inside the
hives, so you can close them up.  You close them up anyway, and the returning
bees cluster on the outside.  You open one up to let them back in, and a big
bunch from inside leave, and they sure are sore about being penned up, so you
catch a few stings.

   Then you realize that the bees are getting overheated, and are really
getting excited.  You realize that they are approaching meltdown.  You get a
bucket of water and douse the hives, because your hose isn't long enough.
 Then you run to buy a hundred feet of extra hose, because you don't want to
have to lug water all day.  Every time you go near the hives, the outside
ones chase you around. Let's leave the rest of this scenario to your
imagination, along with all the dead bees you'll find from the day's
stresses..

#2  Let's say you are a commercial beekeeper in cotton country (-pretty much
the whole southeast the last couple years).  Your bees are located in over a
hundred bee yards and pollination locations.  You estimate that on any given
day in July and August, as many as fifteen sites could be exposed to
applications. You purchase 400 burlap sheets to cover the hives.  You spend
two weeks finding all cotton fields, and notifying growers and applicators,
so they can call you.  (Some will, some won't.)  Some of them cuss you out
and tell you to get your #@#$&*%# bees out of the area. You know in your
heart that if you don't, they will be vandalized. But you don't know of any
safe place to go.

   You hire and train 15 assistants, provide them with smokers, veils, etc.
 You have to find people that are willing to be in the field by 5am, so they
can pen up bees before they begin to fly in hot weather.

    You get a tank for each, as big as a pickup can hold, so they can keep
the hives cool by dousing them with water every half hour or so. Hopefully,
each of your employees has his own pickup.

    Each one has to have a cellular phone, and you have to have a secretary
to monitor the home phone, as spray schedules are apt to get changed at the
last minute.  You also need a roving 4x4, in case someone gets bogged.

   I am quite familiar with the second scenario, because it is mine. By
following your suggesting of *protecting* the bees myself, I would spend more
than my gross annual income in six weeks of summer spray season. -- All so
the applicators could continue to ignore the label directions!

   Oh nuts...  Your pollination clients are complaining that the crops didn't
get pollinated, because you shut up the bees for 10% of the bloom season, and
they want a hefty refund.

   Cotton acreage here has increased explosively in the last three years, and
is exacting a very high environmental cost.  There had to be many hundreds,
possibly several thousand applications, in violation of bee directions on the
labels, last season.

   I am a very observant person, especially of pollinators.  In all the crops
I have worked with this season, I've seen less than a dozen bumblebees.  Yes
- that is for the WHOLE season.  I've seen only about a hundred solitary
bees, again for the whole season.  I went out of the cotton area a couple
weeks ago, and saw a hundred solitary bees on melons, of at least five
different species, in just a few minutes.

   Last year's pesticide damage has cost me more than half my income for this
year.  I gave up my entire spring honey crop, and my package and nuc sales,
because I had to replace my own losses -- and I still would up with fewer
hives than last year.  And that's not counting all the extra feeding.

   Do you get the picture?  I am not wanting to be unkind, but naive
acceptance of pre-FIFRA thinking is wiping out wild pollinators, and making
it impossible for commercial beekeeping in high pesticide use areas.  You can
see why I'm kind of intense about it.  I refuse to abet a scheme to
circumvent the law.  I refuse to be the turkey at the turkey shoot.  The only
way beekeeping can survive is the implementation and enforcement of the
pesticide label directions for bees.

   (FIFRA is the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rotenticide Act of 1972)
 It, and corresponding state laws, recognized bees as an environmental
resource and set aside the pre_FIFRA precedents that considered bees
*trespassers*)  But it has only been implemented, as regards to bees, in a
very few cases in 23 years.

Pollinator@aol.com                 Dave Green
PO Box 1215, Hemingway,   SC   29554


*All people can be divided into three groups: those who make things happen,
those who watch what's happening, and those who haven't the faintest idea
what's happening.*

*Sometimes silence is golden; sometimes it is pale yellow.*


From dave@alkham.demon.co.uk Thu Jul  6 12:05:30 EDT 1995
Article: 2137 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!venus.sun.com!cs.utexas.edu!news.sprintlink.net!demon!alkham.demon.co.uk!dave
From: dave <dave@alkham.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Raw Honey
Date: Fri, 30 Jun 95 23:54:48 GMT
Organization: First Circle
Lines: 16
Message-ID: <804556488snz@alkham.demon.co.uk>
References: <DAv08G.sB@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>
Reply-To: dave@alkham.demon.co.uk
X-NNTP-Posting-Host: alkham.demon.co.uk
X-Newsreader: Demon Internet Simple News v1.29

Truely *RAW* honey is of course straight off the comb and BOY is it something
to remember! The very, very BEST honey I have ever had however was from a
beekeeper near Lake Bala in Wales. He lived on a farm right up on the moors with
no roads, people, traffic anywhere nearby -- just mountainsides teeming with
heather. Opening the jar released the aroma of the heather. It flowed so easily
and smoothly. I bought jars and jars of it which I consumed within two weeks!

Go for the comb! Interestingly enough, my wife's mother who is a very old
Hungarian woman says that in her village they used to simply hang the combs
somewhere where the bees couldn't get at them and the honey would simply flow
off into a receptacle. They would then RETURN the comb to the hive! This I 
thought is an incredibly economic manner in which to harvest honey. Minimum
effort and indeed disruption! 
-- 
Dave


From moroney@world.std.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:31 EDT 1995
Article: 2138 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!world!moroney
From: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Subject: Re: Wanted - beeswax polish receipe
Message-ID: <1lRzlaE96FPO079yn@world.std.com>
Sender: moroney@world.std.com (Michael Moroney)
Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
References: <3r977i$j10@calvin.st-and.ac.uk> <3ria2q$t6t@grok.provo.Novell.COM>
 <schlong.2.2FEF63D4@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au> <b-EylaE96B$B079yn@world.std.com>
 <3t0nt2$rg5@calvin.st-and.ac.uk>
Date: Sat, 1 Jul 1995 21:18:57 GMT
Lines: 16

In article <3t0nt2$rg5@calvin.st-and.ac.uk>,
nrp@st-andrews.ac.uk (Norman R. Paterson) wrote:
> >I looked it up, it's wood rosin.

> Now, we know what colophony is...what is rosin?  Is it the same as resin?  That
> sticky aromatic stuff that oozes out of trees and fossilizes into amber?

It's the stuff that violinists rub on their bows, so it's available from
music stores (but probably rather expensive there)
The dictionary says it's the hard brittle residue left after turpentine is
distilled from pine resin.

(Since turpentine is being added (back) to the rosin, wonder if you could skip
the rosin and turpentine and start with raw pine resin)

-Mike


From pollinator@aol.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:32 EDT 1995
Article: 2139 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!ecsgate!newton.uncg.edu!taco.cc.ncsu.edu!gatech!stallion.jsums.edu!news.uoregon.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!news-e1a.megaweb.com!newstf01.news.aol.com!newsbf02.news.aol.com!not-for-mail
From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Buckwheat question from Australia
Date: 1 Jul 1995 02:45:50 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 43
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
Message-ID: <3t2quu$9ei@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
References: <1995Jun29.214736.45607@cobra.uni.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: newsbf02.mail.aol.com
X-Newsreader: AOL Offline Reader

In article <1995Jun29.214736.45607@cobra.uni.edu>, klier@cobra.uni.edu
writes:

>Date: Tue, 27 Jun 1995 17:43:23 +0000
>From: Chris Bluett <BLUETTC@RATS.AGVIC.GOV.AU>
>Subject: Bees on Buckwheat
>
>Can anybody help me with the yield increases that might come from
>putting bee hives on buckwheat fields? Or the yield penalties that
>might arise from having no bees working the crops?
>
>Also, is it true that buckwheat is very good for bee colonies but
>that the honey is not very good?

   I grew up on buckwheat honey.  It is dark and fairly strong tasting, so
some don't like it, but I think it is one of the best honeys there are.

   The old varieties that used to be grown in the 1940's and 50's used to
yield tremdous amounts of honey.  Some beekeepers were getting 2-300 lbs
per hive for the season, with a majority of it being buckwheat.  Then came
a reduction in planting, and new hybrid varities, and now buckwheat honey
is very hard to come by.

   In recent years I have placed bees on buckwheat and they worked it
extensively, but did not make much.  A friend of mine found about 60# of
new dark honey on each of his hives last year, went looking and found a
buckwheat field about a quarter mile away.  So it is quite variable.

   Buckwheat seems to yield more on poor, acid soil than on sweet soils.

   The buckwheat flow is early in the day, and it shuts off suddenly in
the afternoon.  You don't want to work the bees in the afternoon, as they
will punish you for the shutoff!

   Buckwheat growers today seek out beekeepers, so they feel they are
getting pollination benefit.  As far as I know, no one is charging for
contract pollinating it.

   There is a wild relative of buckwheat that grows in the northeast,
especially along the Susquehenna river (called Japanese Bamboo), that
yield a very fine honey that is like a mild flavored buckwheat.

   Hope this helps.


From ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu Thu Jul  6 12:05:34 EDT 1995
Article: 2140 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.kei.com!ub!dsinc!netnews.upenn.edu!gopher.cs.uofs.edu!jaguar.uofs.edu!ddc1
From: ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: How do I get bees away from my pool?
Date: 30 Jun 95 14:38:48 EST
Organization: University of Scranton
Lines: 26
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <1995Jun30.143848.1@jaguar.uofs.edu>
References: <3sft7j$1g2@usenet.interramp.com> <3sf797$59h@newsbf02.news.aol.com> <950623213957130@beenet.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: jaguar.cs.uofs.edu

In article <950623213957130@beenet.com>, andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur) writes:
> 
> I missed this original post, but if you don't want bee's around your pool
> there are two thing you can do. ONE, use a chlorine substitute that does
> not give off the chlorine order that attract bee's to the pool in the
> first place. TWO. Provide water for the bee's away from the pool, like
> in a bird bath, fountain, or small pound...

	Go to your local discount store a buy a plastic clothes basket
sized (or larger) plastic container and fill it with water leaving it 
within 20 feet of the hive. The one I use is a BIG plastic Christmas
tree holder (the kind you put a live, plant in the spring tree in) and
when the fall comes I empty and scrub it out for use in December.
	I generally fill it once and let the rain take care of it 
the rest of the year. I also float shims of wood or small 2X4 scraps 
in it for the kids to land on. Seems to work well, I find floating bees
in the water and haven't had a complaint from any neighbors, so they
must be using it...

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Dave D. Cawley		   |	Where a social revolution is pending and,
University Of Scranton	   |	for whatever reason, is not accomplished,
ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu	   |	reaction is the alternative.
ddc1@SCRANTON		   |				-Daniel De Leon
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



From rodl@cat.co.za Thu Jul  6 12:05:35 EDT 1995
Article: 2141 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.uoregon.edu!psgrain!iafrica.com!ticsa.com!cstatd.cstat.co.za!usenet
From: rodl@cat.co.za (Rod Ladwig)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Prevention of Waxmoth
Date: 2 Jul 1995 09:13:54 GMT
Organization: Consultancy in Advanced Technology
Lines: 3
Message-ID: <3t5o0i$sko@grovel.iafrica.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: webster.cat.co.za
Mime-Version: 1.0
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.93.14

I would like to know what the best method is for controlling waxmoth in 
extracted supers and brood frames that have been put into storage?



From rodl@cat.co.za Thu Jul  6 12:05:36 EDT 1995
Article: 2142 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.uoregon.edu!psgrain!iafrica.com!ticsa.com!cstatd.cstat.co.za!usenet
From: rodl@cat.co.za (Rod Ladwig)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Bee Equipment
Date: 2 Jul 1995 09:17:12 GMT
Organization: Consultancy in Advanced Technology
Lines: 3
Message-ID: <3t5o6o$sko@grovel.iafrica.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: webster.cat.co.za
Mime-Version: 1.0
X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.93.14

I need the address and fax numbers of bee equipment suppliers in the USA 
or other countries.  Can anybody help me in obtaining a list? 



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:37 EDT 1995
Article: 2144 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: purple loosestrife
Date: Sun,  2 Jul 1995 14:32:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950702112727220@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 192       


                    ----------------------------------------
                    ----------------------------------------
B>From: bb22@cornell.edu (Bernd Blossey)
 >To: Andy Nachbaur <andy.nachbaur@beenet.com>
 >Date: Fri, 30 Jun 1995 13:04:31 -0400
 >Subject: purple loosestrife

B>Dear Beefriend,

B>I have read your tirade against the proposed release of biological control
 >agents against the wetland weed purple loosestrife. I have been working on
 >biological control of purple loosestrife for almost a decade but such a
 >conglomerate of ignorance and special interest concerns has never crossed
 >my path.

Hello Dr. Blossey,

It is interesting that you of all people would single me out for
personal attack. It may be true that my opinion on this Environmental
Assessment is a "conglomerate of ignorance", I am not a scientist, or
do I have a doctorate. It is also true that I am a beekeeper and if
anything is special about being a beekeeper and this EA it is that
beekeepers will be damaged because wildflower pasture bees depend on
will be damaged. My concerns are just as valid to me and my 46 years of
experience with bees as yours are to you with your 10 years of research
on Purple Loosetrife.

Some would say that your position is also one of the "special interest",
or the elite groups, considering that this EA relies disproportionately
on your own research and opinion seeing that 6 of the 17 references
listed to support the EA have your name on them. I would venture a guess
that you are in no small part dependent on public monies to do your
research and must convince others that your research has great value in
order to generate support including special interest groups. I am not
bothered or burdened by such problems. I love my work, I love my boss, I
have never had a real job, I am a lifelong self employed beekeeper 58
years old with an 46 years interest in bees, beekeeping, and beekeepers
and 41 years supported only by the bees.

 >I would recommend you become familiar with the published
 >literature (just because you don't know about scientific studies
 >demonstrating the negative effects of purple loosestrife does not mean
 >there aren't any!!).  I also recommend you become familiar with biological
 >control as a safe and environmentally sound method to control exotic plants
 >(used in the United States for over a century with great success),  where
 >success is measured in overall costs and benefits, not only considering a
 >special interest group.

I have seen no statements that claim that Purple Loosetrife is not a
problem, though some DO NOT believe that there is scientific evidence
that it is as bad as other's say it is. The reduction of bee pasture
is not a positive benefit to honey bee's or other insects. The
destruction of non target native wildflowers is not a positive benefit
to anyone but those with special interests.

The lack of control after the release of the plant pests is not a
positive benefit and the fact that they can not be confined to the
target plant, and target area is not a positive effect.

The total lack of financial responsibility by those who would release
these plant pests if their opinions and research were wrong and
the new plant pests were to become destructive on other wildflowers or
crops is not a positive benefit but a real risk.

B>And your hate speech against the government (here represented as the Fish
 >and Wildlife Service) acting against the interests of the public is not
 >only dangerous it is simply wrong.  The alliance across the entire North
 >American continent fighting against exotic weeds (including purple
 >loosestrife) involves concerned environmentalists (individuals and groups)
 >as well as hunters, fishermen and local, state and federal agencies.  I
 >agree that often beekeepers are on the other side of the fence since these
 >introduced exotics are an abundant forage source for bees.  However,  we
 >have to weigh the overall health of our ecosystems against special
 >interests, and sorry for you, bees and beekeepers are a special interest
 >group (that at least in part were creating the purple loosestrife problem
 >by spreading plants and seeds).  Plants, bees and beekeepers will not be
 >eradicated but some beneficial effects that an exotic plant may have for
 >bees does not outweigh the overall negative environmental effects.  All
 >this has been determined for purple loosestrife and very clearly, control
 >of purple loosestrife is desirable.

To punish all beekeepers, and that part of the public the views Purple
Loosetrife as an attractive wildflower and garden plant because you as
a scientist have scientific evidence that one or more beekeepers were
responsible for it's spread is beyond my understanding of the laws
of the United States, and surely demonstrates your personal bias that
may be reflected in your own scientific work and should be of interest
and a consideration if anyone should rely on your work or opinion in
making comment on this EA.

B>You might not like this result but considerable effort was spent to
 >consider all affected parties.  Your tirade against government and the
 >proposed action is based on your gut feeling instead of considering the
 >facts.  Putting it into hate speech does make a rational discussion rather
 >difficult.  Fortunately,  I have experienced a deeper understanding of this
 >issue among your fellow beekeepers in the past.

I have been a active beekeeper all my life, I never heard of you before
receiving this interesting letter with your comments on my opinions.
If you have have made presentation's to beekeepers in California,
Arizona, Colorado, or North Dakota it is new's to me..The fact is
that this project and it's EA was only by accident presented to me
because someone else found the announcement and posted it on the
internet highway. I know of NO beekeeper who received notice of the
comment period for this EA from any government agency.

But the facts are that these non native plant pests that are proposed
to be released according to the EA are expected to damage other native
wild flowers other then the target host plants. It is also a fact that
there will be absolutely no control on these plant pests once they are
released and they can be expected to damage native wildflower on
private lands and private and public gardens as well as the land
controlled by the government agency's involved in a short time of
their release.

I do not say that to control Purple Loosetrife is not a worthy project,
I am sure you and your friends believe that it is. It is apparent that
at least one other also feels that to release these plant pests may
not be appropriate or there would not have been an alternative plan
to release NO new plant pests.

I do say the costs to the bee pasture lost are not small and the risks
are great, and based on to little science and to much opinion.

My opinion is that if you were to to take these five plant pests and
make them into a Chemical compound called "Purple Loosetrife Killer"
you would have little if any expectations of registration and use
using the research done for the plant pests. Why should the standards
be lowered because these are biological plant pests and not chemical
products when the risks are the same?

It is not good enough to stand or hide behind words like environmentally
friendly or ecologically or biologically safe and then admit scientific
studies show that non target native wildflowers will suffer and may
become endangered because of the release of these plant pests. And
wildflower pasture for honey bees and other insects will be damaged.
In my opinion this is false advertising of the lowest kind, no different
then any chemical salesperson would do hawking his brand of products.

Your personal attack on me, and my opinions are not what I expect from
any one in the scientific community and does not add creditability to
your own work or opinion, or profession, but I will certainly add them
to my own comments on the Environmental Assessment of the Proposed
Release of these plant pests as they should be considered for what
they are, opinion NOT science, as well are my own comments.

My personal opinion is that the value of the lost pasture for bees
and other insects will grater then the benefits of the release of these
plant insects that only will cause both a visual and real degrading of
public and private lands by damaging the targeted host plant Purple
Loosetrife, a naturalized wildflower of great beauty that is also used
in gardens with a long, 100 years or more history in the US, and non
target native wildflowers related to it. It is also my opinion that this
Environmental Assessment places to much reliance on the opinions and
hopes of too few scientists that politically correct species will
replace the damaged Purple Loosetrife and native wildflowers that will
be killed. I also believe that to rely on the testing of only 50 species
of plants for damage by these plant insects is less then adequate to
guarantee that these pests will not attack other native wildflowers or
agricultural crops. The fact is that if these new plant pests were to
attack any other plant or crops there is no plan to control them or
remunerate those who suffer loss, and those who would release them would
have no lability for their mistakes and bad judgements. The release of
these new pest insects is not a reversible act and should not be allowed.

In my opinion the risks far outweigh any advantage stated in the
Environmental Assessment and ALTERNATIVE A (No Action) is clearly
the only environmentally and ecologically safe plan.

                         ttul Andy-

PS. I LOVE the United States of America. I support the government and
I vote and express my opinion anytime I feel I can make a difference.
I have personally met and expressed and made my opinions known to one
president of the United States and several more want to bees. I am the
only beekeeper to have ever served on the Commodity Advisory Committee
of the University of California, Berkley, California to advise the
University President on Agricultural Research and Extension. My x wife
still serves and has for many years on a similar committee of the
University of Arizona. I served my 10 years in the service and have a
Honorable Discharge. I do not hate anyone, or any branch, agency, or
bureaucrat of the United States or any State. I have learned by much
grass roots political experience that personal attacks on myself for my
personal opinions usually signal weak facts and opinions by those who do
the attacking and they usually do not come out winners, win or lose....



I do not represent any beekeeping group, militia, or posse, and
my opinions have no more real value then the space they take up.
The value other's place on them is beyond my control.


From sanflet@ix.netcom.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:38 EDT 1995
Article: 2145 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!howland.reston.ans.net!ixnews.netcom.com!netnews
From: sanflet@ix.netcom.com (Sue & David Fletcher)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey and babies
Date: 3 Jul 1995 03:32:34 GMT
Organization: Netcom
Lines: 22
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3t7oci$nav@ixnews4.ix.netcom.com>
References: <3smkn9$4pa@gabriel.keele.ac.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ix-sac5-22.ix.netcom.com

In <3smkn9$4pa@gabriel.keele.ac.uk> csr50@teach.cs.keele.ac.uk (B.
Watkins) writes: 
>
>I've heard lately on a BBS that parents are warned not to feed honey
to
>babies.  I wonder about this, since I'm pretty sure that my parents
fed me
>honey when I was a baby.  They say there's some sort of botullism or
>something in it that babies can't handle.  anybody know?
>Bryn

Byrn,

The reason honey isn't fed to babies is it can contain a bacteria that
could make them ill or cause death.  You are living proof that it does
not happen frequently.  I believe corn syrup can contain the same
bacteria.

I am not a doctor and this is not intended as advice.

David Fletcher
sanflet@ix.netcom.com


From pimentel@roots.ultranet.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:40 EDT 1995
Article: 2146 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!news.ultranet.com!roots.ultranet.com!pimentel
From: pimentel@roots.ultranet.com (John Pimentel)
Newsgroups: news.groups,rec.animals.wildlife,rec.birds,rec.pets,rec.pets.birds,rec.pets.cats,rec.pets.herp,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: 3rd RFD: misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations
Date: Mon, 3 Jul 1995 00:16:33 LOCAL
Organization: Whatever I wish it to be at the time
Lines: 491
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <pimentel.532.039DE01E@roots.ultranet.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roots.ultranet.com
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev B final beta #4]
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu news.groups:131770 rec.animals.wildlife:3954 rec.birds:22455 rec.pets:34748 rec.pets.birds:37053 rec.pets.cats:96992 rec.pets.herp:37892 sci.agriculture:5455 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:2146

=====================================================================
This revision supercedes the 2nd RFD previously labeled:
 2nd RFD: rec.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations

Is hereafter referred to as:
 3rd RFD: misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations 

Revisions to this RFD include:

Section I
 1) rec.animals.* to misc.animals.* 
 2) m.a.answers to m.a.info
 3) m.a.agriculture.* to m.a.farming.* 
 4) m.a.f.flightless to m.a.f.ratites   
 5) m.a.wild.* to m.a.wildlife.*
 6) m.a.w.tooth-whales to m.a.w.marine-mammals
 7) m.a.w.felines.* combined into m.a.w.felines   
 8) m.a.w.wolves to misc.animals.wildlife.canines
 
Section II
   No Change
   
Notes: 
   1) The RFD is broken into two major sections (this is nothing new
      from the 2nd RFD).  Section I deals with creating groups and 
      renaming two.  Section II deals with renaming the entire hierarcy 
      of rec.pets.* to misc.animals.pets.*.  The other two categories
      in misc.animals.* include farming animals and wild animals.  It
      is understood that pets are animals, but that is not the purpose
      of this additional section.
   2) Section I in the CFV (this is not the CFV) will be acted upon 
      individually.  That is each creation or renaming (2 groups) will 
      be a separate vote, each may pass or fail on it's own.
   3) Section II in the CFV will be acted upon as a cluster move of all
      the groups in one hierarchy to another hierarchy, and will be handled
      as one vote. In the CFV it will proposed to move rec.pets.* to
      misc.animals.pets.*, this may pass or fail on it's own.
   4) Section I passes/fails will not effect Section II pass/fail and
      visa-versa.
   5) This is a major addition to USEnet and there will be a lot of 
      groups listed here.  If you find the number of newsgroups 
      overwhelming you're not alone.
   6) With respect to the misc.animals.farming.birds.* hierarchy a 
      concern was raised that there was only one group listed beyond
      the .misc, this does occur from time to time.
   7) With respect to the FAQ-INFO post mentioned in the RFD, it will
      posted to the groups mentioned in the cross-post line of the RFD,
      specifically: (With the exception of news.announce.newgroups)
      news.groups, rec.animals.wildlife, rec.birds, rec.pets, 
      rec.pets.birds, rec.pets.cats, rec.pets.herp, rec.pets.dogs.info,
      sci.agriculture, sci.agriculture.beekeeping. 
   8) A copy of this RFD will be posted to news.announce.newgroups
      where it will sit while David Lawrence is on vacation until 
      10 July.

Thank you for your participation in this RFD.

John Pimentel
=======================================================================               
               
                3RD REQUEST FOR DISCUSSION (RFD)

Co-Proponents: Kathryn A. Smith <katsmith@vt.edu>
               Steven Whatley <swhatley@blkbox.com>
               Michael & Susan Harmon <parrot@pipeline.com>
               Bob Weber <bweber@clark.net>
               Jim Buscher

Mentor:        John Pimentel <pimentel@roots.ultranet.com>

Distribution of Newsgroups:   world

Gateway Proposed:             DOM_BIRD@PLEARN.EDU.PL <=>
                                misc.animals.farming.birds.misc

Distribution of RFD:

The complete official messages - RFD, CFV and vote results will
be posted to these required or affected newsgroups:

news.announce.newgroups, news.groups, rec.animals.wildlife, rec.birds, 
rec.pets, rec.pets.birds, rec.pets.cats, rec.pets.herp, rec.pets.dogs.info,
sci.agriculture, sci.agriculture.beekeeping

and an edited version will go to these mailing lists:

CC:   *cagtag-l@plearn.edu.pl
      *canine-l@psuvm.psu.edu
      *dom_bird@plearn.edu.pl
      *emu-ratite@yournet.com
      *exotic-l@plearn.edu.pl
      *feline-l@psuvm.psu.edu
      *ferret-request@cunyvm.cuny.edu
      *jardine@starfire.ne.uiuc.edu
      *poiceph@starfire.ne.uiuc.edu
      *ratite-news@peinet.pe.ca
      *senegal@starfire.ne.uiuc.edu

Separate RFD/CFV's will be sent, in batches, to these effected newsgroups:

rec.pets.dogs.activities, rec.pets.dogs.breeds, rec.pets.dogs.behavior, 
rec.pets.dogs.health, rec.pets.dogs.rescue, rec.pets.dogs.misc, alt.wolves,
alt.pets.rabbits, alt.pets.ferrets, alt.pets.hamsters, alt.chinchilla, 
alt.animals.bears, alt.animals.dolphins, alt.animals.felines, 
alt.animals.felines.lions, alt.animals.felines.snowleopards, 
alt.animals.foxes, alt.animals.raccoons, alt.agriculture.misc, 
alt.med.veterinary

AND any other effected groups that may need notification.


NOTE: This is not a Call for Votes. Do not try to vote now.
      Follow-ups set to news.groups, please honour. See the
      "Procedure" section, below, for details.

Procedure:

 Interested parties are encouraged to comment on this proposal
 in news.groups.  Please post your comments *only* in
 news.groups.  After 21 days, if there appears to be a strong
 consensus in favor of this proposal as it is written here, a
 CFV will be posted, which will initiate the voting process;
 otherwise, discussion will continue until a more refined
 proposal can be prepared.

 Again, please do *not* vote now.  The voting process has not
 begun, and your votes will be DISCARDED if you attempt to do
 so.

 For more information on the newsgroup creation process, see the
 documents entitled "How to Create a New Usenet Newsgroup" and
 "Usenet Newsgroup Creation Companion" by David Lawrence
 <tale@uunet.uu.net>, posted regularly to news.groups,
 news.announce.newusers, and news.answers, and available for ftp
 at rtfm.mit.edu in /pub/usenet/news.groups.


-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
With the number of users of the Internet increasing, the need to
reorganize the animal groups is increasing as well.  New users
have a difficult time finding the many scattered animal groups
and then are confused about which group is the appropriate group
to post to because the names are not very descriptive.  With
this proposal we wish to create a newsgroup skeleton that will
hopefully, in time, better organize and name the scattered
animal groups.

Please read each SECTION carefully.  Keep in mind that when a CFV
is posted:

1) each newsgroup that is either created or renamed will be voted
   on separately (that way we eliminate creating newsgroups that
   do not have lots of demand)

                           AND

2) each SECTION of the proposal will be voted on separately
   (SECTION I may pass but SECTION II may fail, or SECTION II may pass
   and some of the newsgroups created in SECTION I may fail)


Although this type of independent "rename and create" is not common,
there are several precedents to the same type of voting procedure.
This occured with both comp.windows.ms.*-->comp.os.ms-windows.* and
rec.games.deckmaster.*-->rec.games.trading-cards.*.
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=


                       SECTION I

 Status : only misc.animals.info will be moderated

 Create the following groups:

                misc.animals.misc
                misc.animals.farming.misc
                misc.animals.farming.birds.misc
                misc.animals.farming.birds.ratites
  (moderated)   misc.animals.info 
                misc.animals.health
                misc.animals.marketplace
                misc.animals.wildlife.bears
                misc.animals.wildlife.felines
                misc.animals.wildlife.foxes
                misc.animals.wildlife.raccoons
                misc.animals.wildlife.marine-mammals
                misc.animals.wildlife.canines
                rec.pets.ferrets
                rec.pets.marketplace
                rec.pets.rabbits
                rec.pets.rodents.misc
                rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas
                rec.pets.rodents.hamsters
                rec.pets.support

 Rename the following groups:

        misc.animals.wildlife ..... to  misc.animals.wildlife.misc
        rec.birds ................. to  misc.animals.wildlife.birds

Newsgroups line:

misc.animals.misc ............... Catch-all group for animal related topics
misc.animals.farming.misc .................... Any animal used as livestock
misc.animals.farming.birds.misc .......... Domesticated/farmyard birds only
misc.animals.farming.birds.ratites ....... For emus, ostriches, rheas, etc.
misc.animals.info ...... For FAQs, charters, and general info about animals
misc.animals.health ........ For general questions concerning animal health
misc.animals.marketplace . Place ads to buy/sell animals & animals products
misc.animals.wildlife.misc ........................ All species of wildlife
misc.animals.wildlife.bears ................. Topics relating to wild bears
misc.animals.wildlife.birds ................. Topics relating to wild birds
misc.animals.wildlife.felines ................. All species of wild felines
misc.animals.wildlife.foxes ................. Topics relating to wild foxes
misc.animals.wildlife.raccoons ........... Topics relating to wild raccoons
misc.animals.wildlife.marine-mammals Topics relating to wild marine-mammals
misc.animals.wildlife.canines .... Topics relating to wolves & wolf crosses
rec.pets.ferrets ........................... Topics relating to pet ferrets
rec.pets.marketplace ............ Place ads to buy/sell pets & pet products
rec.pets.rabbits ........................... Topics relating to pet rabbits
rec.pets.rodents.misc ........................... All species of pet rodent
rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas ........... Topics relating to pet chinchillas
rec.pets.rodents.hamsters ................. Topics relating to pet hamsters
rec.pets.support ......................... Topics related to support issues


RATIONALE:

The discussion of birds used in farming, like emus, chickens, quail, 
pheasants, and ostriches, do not fall into the wildlife or pet categories.  
So, we propose the creation of misc.animals.farming.birds.misc and 
m.a.farming.birds.ratites.  Future growth in the m.a.f.birds.* could 
be along the lines of game birds (pheasants, turkeys, peacocks, quail, 
etc.), pigeons (fancy and homing), water fowl (ducks, geese), etc. The 
m.a.f.m group will be a catch-all group for the discussion of sheep, 
cows, pigs, and other farm animals.  As deemed necessary, more 
misc.animals.farming.* newsgroups can be formed.

Due to the large number of animal related newsgroups, having a place a
person can go that will assist them in choosing which newsgroup to read
and post to is necessary.  Therefore, we are proposing the creation of
the newsgroup misc.animals.info.  This newsgroup will post the charters 
and FAQs for each of the animal newsgroups (if available) as well as 
other sites on the internet that could be of interest to animals
enthusiasts.  This newsgroup will be moderated by Ronda Devold at
devold@badlands.NoDak.edu.

Much of the discussion on the animal related newsgroups involves the
health and general well-being of animals.  Therefore, we propose the
newsgroup misc.animals.health.   The purpose of the newsgroup is to help
individuals become better informed about the problems that they may
encounter while caring for animals, and, to offer possible solutions to
these various problems.  Acquired, hereditary, and traumatic disorders
can be discussed in this newsgroup, as well as questions regarding
nutrition and feeding.  This newsgroup is not intended to replace
veterinary care, but rather to help individuals ask the "right" questions 
when an animal must be seen by a qualified veterinarian. Although this 
newsgroup is not moderated, it will be monitored by veterinarians.

There has been discussion in many of the newgroups for a place to advertise 
animals and animals related products for sale.  Therefore, we propose the 
creation of the newsgroups misc.animals.marketplace and rec.pets.marketplace.  Having a separate newsgroup for people wishing
to buy or sell something will reduce the number of these messages showing
up in the different animal groups.  These proposed newgroups will offer
buyers and sellers a more narrowed audience in which to advertise then
currently seen in the various *.forsale newsgroups.

For the current newsgroup rec.birds, there exists a confusion about what 
types of birds can be discussed there.  This group is for wild birds only. 
So, we propose to rename rec.birds to misc.animals.wildlife.birds.  And, 
to go along with that change, we propose to rename rec.animals.wildlife to
misc.animals.wildlife.misc.  In no way do we intend to demine the importance 
of misc.animals.wildlife or make it less visible.  We simply want to make it 
consistant with the rest of the misc.animals.* hierarchy.

While creating this misc.animals.* hierarchy we need to give the 
alt.animals.* and alt.pets.* folks a chance to join the misc.animals.*, 
rec.pets.* groups, or misc.animals.pets.* group (if SECTION II of this 
proposal passes).  There are numerious wild and pet animals groups that 
currently exist in alt.

Finally, loss of a beloved pet can be devastating.  We are proposing the
creation of rec.pets.support to help those who have lost their pet deal
with the pain and grief.  Other emotional issues involving pets will be
discussed here as well.  rec.pets.support will be an informal support
group for dealing with human-animals relationships by talking with
others that are going through (or have gone through) a similar ordeal.


BACKGROUND:

In an *initial* survey conducted over a five day period on the newsgroups 
rec.birds, rec.pets, and rec.pets.birds, the following results were seen.  
Out of the 40 people responding to the survey, 20 voted YES to adding a 
newsgroup about domesticated birds and 3 voted NO.  For changing the name 
of rec.birds to something more descriptive, 33 voted YES for some type of 
name change and 0 voted NO.

In an *cursory* poll conducted in the newsgroups alt.pets.rabbits, of 
the 25 individuals that responded, 20 voted that they would like to have 
a newsgroup for rabbits listed under rec, 4 said Maybe, and 1 said No.  
In a separate *cursory* poll conducted on alt.pets.hamsters, only six 
individuals responded, but all said YES they would like a hamsters 
newsgroup listed under rec.  Also, in scanning through the posts of 
rec.birds and rec.pets.birds for approximately 12 days, there were 2-3 
posts per day that could have been discussed in the proposed newsgroups 
misc.animals.farming.birds or m.a.farming.birds.ratites. Several of the 
posts dealt with questions and answers on how to raise domesticated birds 
(i.e. pigeon, doves, and ducks).  On two separate occasions, a letter was 
posted to both rec.birds and rec.pets.birds because there was not a 
distinct and obvious newsgroup that covered the topic of the letter (i.e. 
a domesticated bird).  Also, from asking the subscribers to the LISTSERV 
mailing list, EXOTIC-L, I found out that several people on the list raise 
domesticated birds as well as have indoor, exotic birds as pets.  This was 
also true of one individual who posted to rec.pets.birds in response to one 
of the domesticated bird posts mentioned above.  Also, since the creation 
of the LISTSERV mailing list POULTRY+ (Forum for Domesticated/Farmyard 
Birds) on 3/29/95 the list has grown to over 90 subscribers (with more 
individuals subscribing every day); while, the mailing list emu-ratites 
current has over 120 subscribers.  This demonstrates that there is an 
audience of individuals that simply require a forum in which to speak.


-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
The following SECTION is proposed in order to combine the animal
related topics under one hierarchy.  This SECTION will be voted on
separately from the groups listed in SECTION I.
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

                          SECTION II

Rename the entire rec.pets.* hierarchy to misc.animals.pets.*

rec.pets ..................... to  misc.animals.pets.misc
rec.pets.birds ............... to  misc.animals.pets.birds
rec.pets.cats ................ to  misc.animals.pets.cats
rec.pets.dogs.activities ..... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.activities
rec.pets.dogs.behavior ....... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.behavior
rec.pets.dogs.breeds ......... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.breeds
rec.pets.dogs.health ......... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.health
rec.pets.dogs.info ........... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.info
rec.pets.dogs.misc ........... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.misc
rec.pets.dogs.rescue ......... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.rescue
rec.pets.ferrets ............. to  misc.animals.pets.ferrets
rec.pets.herp ................ to  misc.animals.pets.herps
rec.pets.marketplace ......... to  misc.animals.pets.marketplace
rec.pets.rabbits ............. to  misc.animals.pets.rabbits
rec.pets.rodents ............. to  misc.animals.pets.rodents.misc
rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas . to  misc.animals.pets.rodents.chinchillas
rec.pets.rodents.hamsters .... to  misc.animals.pets.rodents.hamsters
rec.pets.support ............. to  misc.animals.pets.support

If it passes, all other groups mentioned in the RFD/CFV, as well as
exitsting rec.pets.* groups, will have misc.animals as their base
hierarchy.  If it fails, all these groups will have rec.pets as their
base hierarchy.

RATIONALE:

The internet is expanding expotentially with each passing day.
Therefore, we believe that now is the best time to create a
misc.animals.* hierarchy, due to the increasing traffic and variety
of posts found in the many existing animal newsgroups.  Our proposal
will create a flexible and easily expandable hierarchy called
misc.animals.* where a wide variety of topics concerning animals
can be discussed.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

PROPOSED CHARTERS:  The *complete* charter for each newsgroup in SECTION I
                    can be seen in the FAQ for misc.animals.*/rec.pets.*
                    Hierarchies


A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF EACH GROUP IN SECTION I:

Please see the proposed charters for the list of what can and cannot
be discussed in each newsgroup.  In all cases, any topics that would
clearly fit into a pre-existing newsgroup should be discussed in that
newsgroup (i.e. exotic, pet birds should only be discussed in
rec.pets.birds, not in misc.animals.farming.birds.* or
misc.animals.wildlife.birds.misc)

misc.animals.misc
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.misc will be
  a catch-all newsgroup for any animal related topic that does not
  have a clearly defined, pre-existing newsgroup.

misc.animals.farming.misc
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.farming.misc
  will be open to the discussion of topics related to any species of
  animal used as livestock, ex, cattle, fowl, rabbits, sheep, etc.

misc.animals.farming.birds.misc
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.farming.birds.misc
  will be open to discussion of topics related to birds that are used 
  as livestock.

misc.animals.farming.birds.ratites
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.farming.birds.ratites 
  will be open to discussion of topics related to the owning, breeding, 
  and farming of ratites (i.e. emu,  ostrich, rheas, etc.).

misc.animals.info
  The proposed *moderated* newsgroup misc.animals.info will be open to the 
  placement of the animal related newsgroup's charters and FAQs.   A list 
  of other animal related sites on the internet will also be maintained.  
  Ronda DeVold <devold@badlands.nodak.edu> will be the moderator for this 
  newsgroup.

misc.animals.health
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.health will be open to 
  the discussion of any topic relating to animal health in general.  This 
  newsgroup is not meant to replace veterinary advice or care, but rather 
  allow the individual to ask "informed" questions about an animals health 
  and well-being.  Although not moderated, this newsgroup will be monitored 
  by veterinarians.

misc.animals.marketplace
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.marketplace will be open 
  to people placing ads to buy and sell animals and animal related products, 
  with the exception of pets and pet products.

misc.animals.wildlife.misc
  This newsgroup will be renamed from the existing group 
  misc.animals.wildlife and will be open to the discussion of many topics 
  involving wild animals.  The charter for this new group will be the same 
  as for misc.animals.wildlife.

misc.animals.wildlife.bear
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.bears will be open 
  for the discussion of topics relating to bears.

misc.animals.wildlife.birds
  This newsgroup will be renamed from the existing group rec.birds and is 
  for the discussion of wild birds and bird watching.  The charter for 
  this new group will be the same as for rec.birds.

misc.animals.wildlife.felines
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.felines will be 
  open for the discussion of topics relating to all species of wild felines 
  (with the exception of feral domestic cats).

misc.animals.wildlife.foxes
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.foxes will be open 
  for the discussion of topics relating to foxes.

misc.animals.wildlife.raccoons
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.raccoons will be 
  open for the discussion of topics relating to raccoons.

misc.animals.wildlife.marine-mammals
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.marine-mammals
  will be open for the discussion of topics relating to all species of
  marine mammals.

misc.animals.wildlife.canines
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.canines will be
  open for the discussion of topics relating to wolves and wolf crosses.
  Discussion of wolf crosses kept as pets will be allowed.

rec.pets.ferrets
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.ferrets will be open
  to topics relating to the care and ownership of pet ferrets.

rec.pets.marketplace
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.marketplace will be open to 
  people who wish to buy and sell animals that are kept as pets, as well 
  as, pet related products.

rec.pets.rabbits
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.rabbits will be open to any 
  topic relating to the care and ownership of pet rabbits.

rec.pets.rodents.misc
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.rodents.misc will be open to 
  topics that involve rodents kept as pets.

rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas will be 
  open to topics that involve chinchillas kept as pets.

rec.pets.rodents.hamsters
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.rodents.hamsters will be open 
  to topics that involve hamsters kept as pets.

rec.pets.support
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.support will be open to 
  support issues involving pets.
---



From pimentel@roots.ultranet.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:41 EDT 1995
Article: 2147 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!news.ultranet.com!roots.ultranet.com!pimentel
From: pimentel@roots.ultranet.com (John Pimentel)
Newsgroups: news.groups,rec.animals.wildlife,rec.birds,rec.pets,rec.pets.birds,rec.pets.cats,rec.pets.herp,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: FAQ for misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* Hierarchies (3rd RFD)
Date: Mon, 3 Jul 1995 00:30:55 LOCAL
Organization: Whatever I wish it to be at the time
Lines: 501
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <pimentel.537.03AB096C@roots.ultranet.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roots.ultranet.com
X-Newsreader: Trumpet for Windows [Version 1.0 Rev B final beta #4]
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu news.groups:131774 rec.animals.wildlife:3955 rec.birds:22456 rec.pets:34749 rec.pets.birds:37055 rec.pets.cats:96993 rec.pets.herp:37894 sci.agriculture:5456 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:2147

         FAQ for misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* Hierarchies

misc.animals.misc
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.misc is for
  miscellaneous information that is not more appropriate for one
  of the other animal related newsgroups.

  Allowed Topics (not limited to the following)
     Animal humor
     Ethics of keeping animals as pets or in zoos
     Vegetarianism/Use of animals as food
     Cock Fighting
     Bull Fighting


misc.animals.farming.misc
  This proposed unmoderated newsgroup will be open to discussion
  on all topics related to the ownership, breeding, exhibiting, and
  production of animals used as livestock.

  Examples of Livestock Animals (but are not limited to)
     Cows
     Sheep
     Donkeys
     Goats
     Pigs (not pot-bellied pigs)
     Llamas

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Breeding/Breeders
     Equipment Used
     Health/Veterinary Care & Management
     Exhibit/Show Announcements
     Clubs/Organizations
     Nutritional Research
     Legislation/Regulations concerning animals as livestock

  Inappropriate Topics
     Domesticated birds (see misc.animals.farming.birds.misc)
     Pot-bellied pigs (see rec.pets)
     Discussion of wild animals (see misc.animals.wildlife.misc)
     Animal rights (see talk.politics.animals)
     Vegetarianism (see misc.animals.misc)
     Research (except for nutritional)
     Hunting (see rec.hunting)
     Recipes


misc.animals.farming.birds.misc
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.farming.birds
  will be open to the discussion of topics related to the ownership,
  breeding, exhibiting and production of birds used as livestock.

  Examples of domesticated birds
     Peafowl                        Geese
     Guinea Fowl                    Turkeys
     Pheasants                      Quail
     Ducks
     Chickens - commercial and fancy breeds
     Pigeons  - homing and fancy breeds

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Breeding/Hatching
     Equipment Used
     Nutritional Research
     Health/Veterinary Care & Management
     Exhibit/Show Announcements/Rules

  Inappropriate Topics
     Discussion of Wild (non-exotic) or Exotic/Caged Birds
     Animal Rights (see talk.politics.animals)
     Vegetarianism (see misc.animals.misc)
     Research (except for nitritional)
     Hunting (see rec.hunting)
     Cock Fighting (see misc.animals.misc)
     Bull Fighting (see misc.animals.misc)
     Recipies
     Falconry (see alt.sport.falconry or alt.sports.falconry)


misc.animals.farming.birds.ratites
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.farming.birds.ratites 
  will be open to the discussion of topics related to the ownership, 
  breeding, and production of ratites used as livestock.

  Examples of ratites
     Cassowaries
     Emus
     Kiwis
     Ostriches
     Rheas

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Breeding/Hatching
     Equipment Used
     Recipies
     Research
     Health/Veterinary Care & Management

  Inappropriate Topics
     Discussion of Wild (non-exotic) or Exotic/Caged Birds
     Animal Rights (see talk.politics.animals)
     Vegetarianism (see misc.animals.misc)
     Hunting (see rec.hunting)
     Cock Fighting (see misc.animals.misc)
     Bull Fighting (see misc.animals.misc)
     Falconry (see alt.sport.falconry or alt.sports.falconry)


misc.animals.info, moderated
  The moderator of this newsgroup is Ronda DeVold at
  <devold@badlands.nodak.edu>.  This is a newsgroup for FAQs, newsgroup
  charters, and general informational files relevant to the many animal
  related newsgroups.  No discussion is allowed on this newsgroup.  This
  newsgroup will also announce new animal related email mailing lists and
  internet sites.  This newsgroup is for the purpose of answering many of
  the questions that Usenet users may have about the wide variety of
  animal related newsgroups.


misc.animals.health
  The purpose of the newsgroup is to help individuals become better
  informed about the problems that they may encounter while caring
  for animals, and, to offer possible solutions to these various
  problems.  Acquired, hereditary, and traumatic disorders can be
  discussed in this newsgroup, as well as questions regarding nutrition
  and feeding.  This newsgroup is not intended to replace veterinary
  care, but rather to help individuals ask the "right" questions when
  an animal must be seen by a qualified veterinarian.  (Although not
  moderated, this newsgroup will be monitored by veterinarians).


misc.animals.marketplace
  This newsgroup is to be used for the placement of ads for non-pet
  type animals and animal related products.  These ads can be commercial
  or private in nature.  Placement of 'Wanted :' ads is also allowed.
  Ads for pets or pet related products can not be posted here
 (See rec.pets.marketplace).


misc.animals.wildlife.misc
  This newsgroup will be renamed from the existing group 
  rec.animals.wildlife. It is for the discussion of all types of
  wild animals and their care and management; and, was created by
  Ronda Devold <devold@badlands.nodak.edu>.

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Animal watching/behavior
     Endangered species
     Wildlife diseases/medical care/food/rehabilitation
     Conservation/Legislation
     Caring for wild animals in captivity
     Wild animal rescue
     Killing of wild animals
     Animal population control
     Clubs and Organizations

  Inappropriate Topics
     Hunting as a sport (see rec.hunting)
     Fishing (see rec.outdoors.fishing.*)
     Wild animals kept as pets (see rec.pets)
     Falconry (see alt.sport.falconry or alt.sports.falconry)


misc.animals.wildlife.bears
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.bears
  will be open to discussion on topics that involve wild bears.

  Allowed Topics
     Behavior
     Diseases/medical care/food/rehabilitation
     Conservation/Legislation
     Caring for bears held in captivity
     Wild bear rescue
     Killing of wild bears
     Population control
     Clubs and Organizations

  Inappropriate Topics
     Hunting (see rec.hunting)


misc.animals.wildlife.birds
  This newsgroup will be renamed from the exitsing group rec.birds.
  It is for the discussion of wild birds and bird watching; and, was
  created by Andy Rubaszek at the University of Toronto.

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Identifying birds in the field by appearance, behavior, and song
     Birding trips
     Attracting wild birds to feeders
     Behavior of birds in the wild
     Conservation of wild birds
     Research into bird life
     Bird taxonomy

  Inappropriate Topics
     Discussion of Domesticated or Exotic/Caged Birds
     Animal Rights (see talk.politics.animals)
     Hunting (see rec.hunting)
     Domestic Cats
     Falconry (see alt.sport.falconry or alt.sports.falconry)


misc.animals.wildlife.felines
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.felines
  will be open to discussion on topics that involve wild felines
  (except feral, domestic cats).

  Examples of wild felines
     Cheetahs
     Leopards
     Lynxes
     Ocelots
     Tigers
     Lions
     Snow Leopard

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Behavior
     Diseases/medical care/food/rehabilitation
     Conservation/Legislation
     Caring for wild felines held in captivity
     Wild feline rescue
     Killing of wild felines
     Population control
     Clubs and Organizations

  Inappropriate Topics
     Hunting (see rec.hunting)

misc.animals.wildlife.foxes
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.foxes
  will be open to discussion on topics that involve wild foxes.

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Behavior
     Diseases/medical care/food/rehabilitation
     Conservation/Legislation
     Caring for foxes held in captivity
     Wild fox rescue
     Killing of wild foxes
     Population control
     Clubs and Organizations

  Inappropriate Topics
     Hunting (see rec.hunting)
     Discussion of other wild canines


misc.animals.wildlife.raccoons
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.raccoons
  will be open to discussion on topics that involve wild raccoons.

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Behavior
     Diseases/medical care/food/rehabilitation
     Conservation/Legislation
     Caring for raccoons held in captivity
     Wild raccoon rescue
     Killing of wild raccoons
     Population control
     Clubs and Organizations

  Inappropriate Topics
     Hunting (see rec.hunting)


misc.animals.wildlife.marine-mammals
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.marine-mammals
  will be open to discussion on topics that involve wild marine mammals.

  Examples of marine mammals
     Dolphins (all species)
     River dolphins (all species)
     Killer Whales
     Right Whales

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Behavior
     Diseases/medical care/food/rehabilitation
     Conservation/Legislation
     Caring for marine-mammals held in captivity
     Wild marine-mammals rescue
     Killing of wild marine-mammals
     Population control
     Clubs and Organizations

  Inappropriate Topics
     Hunting (see rec.hunting)


misc.animals.wildlife.canines
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.canines will 
  be open to discussion on topics that involve wild wolves and wolf 
  crosses.

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Behavior
     Diseases/medical care/food/rehabilitation
     Conservation/Legislation
     Caring for wolves held in captivity
     Wild wolf rescue
     Killing of wild wolves
     Owning Wolf Crosses
     Population control
     Clubs and Organizations

  Inappropriate Topics
     Hunting (see rec.hunting)
     Discussion of other wild canines


rec.pets.ferrets
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.ferrets will be open to 
  discussion on topics that involving the care and ownership of ferrets 
  kept as pets.

  Allowed topics (not limited to these)
     Breeding/Breeders
     Equipment and supplies
     Toys
     Health/Veterinary Care/Medical Problems
     Behavior
     Nutritional Research
     Training
     Exhibit/Show Announcements/Rules
     Clubs and Organizations
     Books and Magazines
     Federal & State Laws on Ownership

  Inappropriate Topics:
     Discussion of Wild Ferrets
     Animal Rights (see talk.politics.animals)
     Research (except for nutritional)
     Hunting (see rec.hunting)


rec.pets.marketplace
  This newsgroup is to be used for the placement of ads for animals
  kept as pets and pet related products.  These ads can be commercial
  or private in nature.  Placement of 'Wanted :' ads is also allowed.
  Ads for animals not kept as pets or non-pet related products can not
  be posted here  (See misc.animals.marketplace).


rec.pets.rabbits
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.rabbits
  will be open to topics relating to the care and ownership
  of pet rabbits. All kinds and varieties of rabbits kept as pets
  will be discussed.

  Examples of Pet Rabbits
     Albino
     Dutch Belted
     Lop-eared
     Dwarf
     Mixed Breeds

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Breeding/Breeders
     Equipment and supplies
     Toys
     Health/Veterinary Care/Medical Problems
     Behavior
     Training
     Nutritional Research
     Exhibit/Show Announcements/Rules
     Clubs and Organizations
     Books and Magazines

  Inappropriate Topics
     Discussion of Wild Rabbits
     Animal Rights (see talk.politics.animals)
     Research (except for nutritional)
     Hunting (see rec.hunting)
     Recipes
     Vegetarianism (see misc.animals.misc)


rec.pets.rodents
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.rodents
  will be open to discussion on topics that involve the
  care and ownership of rodents kept as pets.

  Examples of pet rodents
     Gerbils
     Mice
     Rats
     Squirrels

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Breeding/Breeders
     Equipment and supplies
     Toys
     Health/Veterinary Care/Medical Problems
     Behavior
     Training
     Nutritional Research
     Exhibit/Show Announcements/Rules
     Clubs and Organizations
     Books and Magazines

 Inappropriate Topics
    Discussion of Wild Rodents
    Animal Rights (see talk.politics.animals)
    Research (except for nutritional)
    Hunting (see rec.hunting)
    Used as Food (eg, to feed reptiles) (see misc.animals.misc)


rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas
  will be open to discussion on topics that involve the
  care and ownership of chinchillas kept as pets.

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Breeding/Breeders
     Equipment and supplies
     Toys
     Health/Veterinary Care/Medical Problems
     Behavior
     Training
     Nutritional Research
     Exhibit/Show Announcements/Rules
     Clubs and Organizations
     Books and Magazines

 Inappropriate Topics
    Discussion of Wild Chinchillas
    Discussion of Other Types of Rodent
    Animal Rights (see talk.politics.animals)
    Research (except for nutritional)
    Hunting (see rec.hunting)


rec.pets.rodents.hamsters
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.rodents.hamsters
  will be open to discussion on topics that involve the
  care and ownership of hamsters kept as pets.

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Breeding/Breeders
     Equipment and supplies
     Toys
     Health/Veterinary Care/Medical Problems
     Behavior
     Training
     Nutritional Research
     Exhibit/Show Announcements/Rules
     Clubs and Organizations
     Books and Magazines

 Inappropriate Topics
    Discussion of Wild Hamsters
    Discussion of Other Types of Rodents
    Animal Rights (see talk.politics.animals)
    Research (except for nutritional)
    Hunting (see rec.hunting)


rec.pets.support
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.support will be
  open to discussion on all topics related to support issues
  involved in the relationship between pets and their owners.

  Many people form strong, lasting bonds with their pets. When
  the pet is dying or dies, it is not uncommon for people to
  experience the same stages of grief as they would after the
  death of a person who was close to them.  Grief is not
  restricted by the species of the loved one.

  Too, there are issues to deal with that are unique to pet
  owners, such as whether to put a pet "to sleep," introducing
  pets to children and mates, owning animals with behavioral
  problems, what to do about mistreated animals, problems with
  veterinarians, breeders or pet stores, etc.

  Rec.pets.support would provide a forum for people who need
  advice on how to provide the best possible life for their
  animals. It is not limited to one species of animal; eg, since
  similar emotions are felt by all pet owners when their pets
  die, people with be able to empathize with each other
  regardless of their pet's species.

  Allowed Topics (not limited to these)
     Introducing pets to a new home
     Introducing pets to children and/or mates
     Support for when a pet escapes
     Owning animals with behavioral problems
     Dealing with mistreated animals and animal "rescue" topics
     Problems with veterinarians, breeders, and pet stores
     Putting pets "to sleep"
     Caring for sick or dying pets
     Grief after a pet dies

  Inappropriate Topics
     Animals that are not kept as pets
     Topics not dealing with support issues
     Medical/Health questions (see misc.animals.health)



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:42 EDT 1995
Article: 2148 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!agate!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey and babies
Date: Mon,  3 Jul 1995 14:25:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950703072918226@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
References: <3t7oci$nav@ixnews4.ix.netcom.com> <3smkn9$4pa@gabriel.keele.ac.uk>
Lines: 37        


S>The reason honey isn't fed to babies is it can contain a bacteria that
 >could make them ill or cause death.  You are living proof that it does
 >not happen frequently.  I believe corn syrup can contain the same
 >bacteria.

Yes, any product with high sugar can support the bacteria. It is not
thought that honey is the only problem. Also additional spores of the
bacteria gets in the honey when it is opened and exposed to the
environment of the room.

The bee industry was taken to task in the courts and has provided
hand out's on the subject that are given to all new mothers by their
doctors at our expense. It is suggested not to feed honey to new born
infants until they have developed enough to handle the bacteria. This
is another way of saying they will get the immunity to the bacteria from
sources other then honey as all must develop an immunity from the
bacteria in time.

Actually most mother's would not feed much honey to a infant in the
first place the same as they would not feed them prune juice, no one
like's to change runny diapers. But it's certainty a serious matter to
the California public health doctor who took on the giant honey industry
>from  his public office and received these concessions from the industry
as it was cheeper to give in then have him try to prove all crib deaths
were somehow related to honey.

My advise is NOT to feed honey to infants, no more honey teats or
treats. They don't buy or eat much anyway, and as soon as they are
old enough to go the store with mom they will want some Honey ABC's
Cereals and then we got them hooked for life on honey.

                            ttul Andy-

(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
Just don't feed the results Honey at an early age.
Opinion is not necessarily fact, check with your doctor.


From roe@crosfield.co.uk Thu Jul  6 12:05:43 EDT 1995
Article: 2149 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!howland.reston.ans.net!cam.news.pipex.net!pipex!soap.news.pipex.net!pipex!edi.news.pipex.net!pipex!crosfield.co.uk!roe
From: roe@crosfield.co.uk (Malcolm Roe)
Subject: Re: Where have all the bees gone?
Message-ID: <1995Jul3.144048.1391@crosfield.co.uk>
Organization: Crosfield, Hemel Hempstead, UK
References: <ringetringetame.96.00110BF1@mind.net> <DAuJ5F.LHx@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM> <3suucr$7st@uuneo.neosoft.com> <3t8lk2$gqc@clyde.open.ac.uk>
Date: Mon, 3 Jul 1995 14:40:48 GMT
Lines: 24

In article <3t8lk2$gqc@clyde.open.ac.uk> Richard Yates <R.J.Yates@Open.ac.uk> writes:
>
>I have seen some small red-brown mites on my bees, also piggybacking. These do
>not seem to harm the bees, which occasionally seem to carry more than one mite.
>The mites are about the size of the ball in a medium Biro, & will shuffle about
>if poked with the corner of the hive tool edge. I have seen them for some time
>in a supposedly varroa-free area.
>
>Can anyone hazard a guess as to what these mites might be? [N.P.I. :) ]

Braula.

They're insects (6 legs) not mites (8 legs) and are more or less harmless.
It's worth learning the difference, especially if you haven't got varroa
yet.  Braula are longer than they're wide and the legs are easily visible.
They are usually found on the top of the bee's thorax.  Varroa are just
the opposite - wider than they're long and with non-obvious legs.  If
found on adult bees they're usually underneath the abdomen.

-- 
Malcolm Roe                                Phone  :  +44 1442 345104
Crosfield Electronics Ltd                  Fax    :  +44 1442 343000
Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK        E-mail :  roe@crosfield.co.uk 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


From R.J.Yates@Open.ac.uk Thu Jul  6 12:05:45 EDT 1995
Article: 2150 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!kuroshio.ccpo.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!cam.news.pipex.net!pipex!edi.news.pipex.net!pipex!warwick!clyde.open.ac.uk!adminmbx
From: Richard Yates <R.J.Yates@Open.ac.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Prevention of Waxmoth
Date: 3 Jul 1995 11:38:41 GMT
Organization: AdaptaFlapjack
Lines: 13
Message-ID: <3t8ks1$gqc@clyde.open.ac.uk>
References: <3t5o0i$sko@grovel.iafrica.com>
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rodl@cat.co.za (Rod Ladwig) wrote:
>I would like to know what the best method is for controlling waxmoth in 
>extracted supers and brood frames that have been put into storage?
>

I s'pose you might fumigate them with sulphur & then prevent further ingress of
Wax Moth by wrapping the boxes. Acetic acid fumes gasp wheeze need a reasonable
"airing" period b4 re-use, & fumigation is faster. There may be some substance
to store with the frames not not not mothballs - can't remember name, anyone?

Richard.
~~~~~~~~



From R.J.Yates@Open.ac.uk Thu Jul  6 12:05:46 EDT 1995
Article: 2151 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!kuroshio.ccpo.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!uwm.edu!spool.mu.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!cam.news.pipex.net!pipex!edi.news.pipex.net!pipex!warwick!clyde.open.ac.uk!adminmbx
From: Richard Yates <R.J.Yates@Open.ac.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Where have all the bees gone?
Date: 3 Jul 1995 11:51:30 GMT
Organization: AdaptaFlapjack
Lines: 17
Message-ID: <3t8lk2$gqc@clyde.open.ac.uk>
References: <ringetringetame.96.00110BF1@mind.net><3sldfl$mva@newsbf02.news.aol.com> <DAuJ5F.LHx@ncrcae.ColumbiaSC.ATTGIS.COM> <3suucr$7st@uuneo.neosoft.com>
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patmcg@new-orleans.neosoft.com (Patrick McGuire) wrote:
>        The very next day I was observing my 7 hives and out of the 
>entrance of one hive strolls this drone with a mite piggy backing in the 
>middle of the thorax.  The drone was black and the mite was bright orange 
>so this little Halloween surprise really was obvious.

I have seen some small red-brown mites on my bees, also piggybacking. These do
not seem to harm the bees, which occasionally seem to carry more than one mite.
The mites are about the size of the ball in a medium Biro, & will shuffle about
if poked with the corner of the hive tool edge. I have seen them for some time
in a supposedly varroa-free area.

Can anyone hazard a guess as to what these mites might be? [N.P.I. :) ]

Richard.
~~~~~~~~



From tittle@netcom.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:47 EDT 1995
Article: 2152 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: news.groups,rec.animals.wildlife,rec.birds,rec.pets,rec.pets.birds,rec.pets.cats,rec.pets.herp,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!news-server.ncren.net!news.duke.edu!news.mathworks.com!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.sprintlink.net!noc.netcom.net!netcom.com!tittle
From: tittle@netcom.com (Cindy Tittle Moore)
Subject: Re: 3rd RFD: misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations
Message-ID: <tittleDB5BGr.46w@netcom.com>
Sender: tittle@netcom20.netcom.com
Reply-To: tittle@netcom.com (Cindy Tittle Moore)
Organization: Disorganized in Orange County, CA
References: <pimentel.532.039DE01E@roots.ultranet.com>
Date: Mon, 3 Jul 1995 15:10:02 GMT
Lines: 21
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu news.groups:131868 rec.animals.wildlife:3967 rec.birds:22470 rec.pets:34756 rec.pets.birds:37077 rec.pets.cats:97032 rec.pets.herp:37912 sci.agriculture:5459 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:2152

pimentel@roots.ultranet.com (John Pimentel) writes:

> 4) m.a.f.flightless to m.a.f.ratites   

>   6) With respect to the misc.animals.farming.birds.* hierarchy a 

>Gateway Proposed:             DOM_BIRD@PLEARN.EDU.PL <=>
>                                misc.animals.farming.birds.misc

>                misc.animals.farming.birds.misc
>                misc.animals.farming.birds.ratites

So, does birds go in or not?  I think it's an unnecessary level.
But at least fix the discrepancy in 1).

--Cindy
-- 
_________________________Cindy Tittle Moore___________________________________

Internet: tittle@netcom.com              USmail: PO Box 4188, Irvine CA, 92716
                   WWW: http://www.io.com/user/tittle/


From rogerpost@delphi.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:49 EDT 1995
Article: 2153 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news2.near.net!news.delphi.com!rogerpost
From: rogerpost@delphi.com (Roger Post)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Proper Atire
Date: 4 Jul 1995 05:17:31 GMT
Organization: Delphi Internet Services Corporation
Lines: 1
Message-ID: <9507040053591.The_Win-D.rogerpost@delphi.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: bos1b.delphi.com
X-To: Roger Post <rogerpost@delphi.com>

I am with Grand Father


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:50 EDT 1995
Article: 2154 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!europa.chnt.gtegsc.com!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: loosestrife continued
Date: Mon,  3 Jul 1995 03:35:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950703061233222@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
References: <173CD10FC0.IEI036G@TJUVM.TJU.EDU> <pimentel.515.004225D9@roots.ultranet.com>
Lines: 71        


                    ----------------------------------------
From: "La Reine de la Cite' des Phoques (Liz Day)" <lday@INDY.NET>
Date:         Sun, 2 Jul 1995 22:12:21 -0500
Subject:      loosestrife continued

        From: Andy Nachbaur <andy.nachbaur@beenet.com>
        >From: bb22@cornell.edu (Bernd Blossey)

        I am not a scientist, or
        do I have a doctorate. It is also true that I am a beekeeper and
        beekeepers will be damaged because wildflower pasture bees depend on

Andy,  (sorry, I couldnt' keep shut on this!)

I'm sure you are right that reduction of the loosestrife population will
hurt honey collection.

        Some would say that your position is also one of the "special interest"
,
        or the elite groups, considering that this EA relies disproportionately
        on your own research and opinion seeing that 6 of the 17 references
        listed to support the EA have your name on them. I would venture a gues
s
        that you are in no small part dependent on public monies to do your
        research and must convince others that your research has great value in
        order to generate support including special interest groups.

This really bristles me backwards.  Don't beekeepers also receive the
benefits of some research done with public money?  You have the bias
backwards - people become scientists because they find these matters
(ecology, etc.) important - not for the money.  I bet you didn't become
a beekeeper just for the money either.  Nobody is getting rich on
ecological research grants, trust me!
Further, I and the fairly large number of people who care about
America's indigenous ecology really, really resent being called
a special interest group.  Maybe I am in a minority.  But I resent
it anyway.   A LOT.

        destruction of non target native wildflowers is not a positive benefit
        to anyone but those with special interests.
It's not a benefit to anyone at ALL.  It's a tradeoff.  The loss of
honeybee pasture is a tradeoff too.  I am sorry as I know beekeepers
do not need any more problems than they have now.

        The total lack of financial responsibility by those who would release
        these plant pests if their opinions and research were wrong and
        the new plant pests were to become destructive on other wildflowers or
        crops is not a positive benefit but a real risk.

Well..... one could equally argue that you as a
beekeeper care only for your own monetary interest and care nothing
for the USA's disappearing wild land.  I hope this is not so.

         some beneficial effects that an exotic plant may have for
         >bees does not outweigh the overall negative environmental effects.

I agree.

        My personal opinion is that the value of the lost pasture for bees
        and other insects will grater then the benefits of the release of these
        plant insects

[rest deleted]

I hold out for the insect release.


Liz Day
LDAY@indy.net
Indianapolis, Indiana, USA


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:51 EDT 1995
Article: 2155 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: My Two Cents Re: purple loosestrife
Date: Mon,  3 Jul 1995 16:04:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950703170654229@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
References: <DAzuMH.IM0@bonkers.taronga.com> <pimentel.515.004225D9@roots.ultranet.com> <DA
Lines: 40        


*comments from the BEE-List group*
                    ----------------------------------------
From: "Jackie O'Keefe" <SurferGirl@DDG.COM>
To: Multiple recipients of list BEE-L <BEE-L@UACSC2.ALBANY.EDU>
Date:         Mon, 3 Jul 1995 09:08:36 -0500
Subject:      My Two Cents Re: purple loosestrife

1) I only started reading this list a couple of weeks ago. It's very
interesting, informative and lively. I wish I had started looking at it
sooner.

2) I'm not a beekeeper, and never have been one... yet. I would like to
start one of these days.

3) I've already learned a lot, and hope to learn much more. There's an
attitude of mutual support which is nice to see.

4) If this is a moderated list, it seems like time for someone to suggest
moderation; if not, maybe it's time to stop responding to Andy Nachbaur and
get on to more rational things.

The arguments here are NOT about militarism and authoritarianism. This is a
SCIENCE question. The personal and hearsay arguing just makes a lot of
angry, frustrated readers. Stick to science - facts, reasoning. It's
already established that the plant is highly invasive and disturbs habitat,
bees won't be left without forage if some purple loostrife is eliminated,
and that eradication is not even an expected outcome. (Please excuse the
editorialism, but Andy's arguments for his bees seem uni-faceted and
petulant in the face of a complex problem.) The question is about the
efficacy of using the insects being suggested, the risk of unanticipated
effects, and how radically the die-off will affect the immediate
environment. Can we address those considerations? I was curious to know
more about the insects being considered? ARE they the same ones used in the
Canadian control effort? Have they been used anywhere else? What do the
previously mentioned studies have to say? Etc.


Jackie O'Keefe
Austin, Tx.


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:52 EDT 1995
Article: 2156 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: My Two Cents Re: purple loosestrife
Date: Mon,  3 Jul 1995 16:08:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950703170654230@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 41        


                    ----from the BEE-List Group-------------
                    ----------------------------------------
>From: "Jackie O'Keefe" <SurferGirl@DDG.COM>
>To: Multiple recipients of list BEE-L <BEE-L@UACSC2.ALBANY.EDU>
>Date:         Mon, 3 Jul 1995 09:08:36 -0500
>Subject:      My Two Cents Re: purple loosestrife

>petulant in the face of a complex problem.) The question is about the
>efficacy of using the insects being suggested, the risk of unanticipated
>effects, and how radically the die-off will affect the immediate
>environment. Can we address those considerations? I was curious to know

Hi Jackie,

   You can rest assured that I don't normally post to this LIST group
often and as the comment period expires July 12 so should the posts
on Purple Loosetrife.

   The real question is that to those who would take the time to comment
as to what choice they would want the Forest Service to make. It is
a political decision made with the best scientific information the
Forest Service can buy and public comment is an consideration.

The three alternative plans are:

A) NO ACTION, which means to continue with Purple Loosetrife control
   at local levels using already approved methods. I favor this plan.

B) RELEASE ALL READY APPROVED BEETLES, as soon as they can be freed of
   unwanted internal parasites.

C) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, Release three additional non-native beetles
   species that in time will damage only 10% of the Loosetrife and
   other non-target wildflowers in all 48 states with no controls.

  All that I have suggested is to read the Environmental Assessment
which is only 21 pages. I did, and I am not convinced that any of
these new plant pests should be released based on what I read.

                           ttul Andy-


From rnoak@access.texas.gov Thu Jul  6 12:05:54 EDT 1995
Article: 2157 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!cs.utexas.edu!geraldo.cc.utexas.edu!usenet
From: rnoak@access.texas.gov (Rita Pirone Noak)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Do Bee Stings Help Arthritis?
Date: 4 Jul 1995 02:03:34 GMT
Organization: The University of Texas at Austin
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X-Newsreader: WinVN 0.90.4

Do be stings help folks with arthritis?  If so please give details of
the treatment. 

Thanks

Chris


From mjensen@crl.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:55 EDT 1995
Article: 2158 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!nntp.crl.com!NewsWatcher!user
From: mjensen@crl.com (Mark Jensen)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Prevention of Waxmoth
Date: Mon, 03 Jul 1995 21:15:01 -0800
Organization: Double J Apiaries
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Message-ID: <mjensen-0307952115380001@192.0.2.1>
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X-Newsreader: Value-Added NewsWatcher 2.0b27+

In article <3t8ks1$gqc@clyde.open.ac.uk>, Richard Yates
<R.J.Yates@Open.ac.uk> wrote:

> There may be some substance
> to store with the frames not not not mothballs - can't remember name, anyone?

Paradichlorobenzene, wax moth crystals. Mann Lake had permission to sell
it for wax moth control, but something was not right with the label and
the EPA is not allowing them to sell it at the present time. Mann Lake is
trying to get approval, but there is no way to know if and when they will
be successful. However, there is another source for para, janitorial
suppliers sell para as hockey puck shaped blocks for use in urinals. Make
sure they are 100% paradichlorobenzene, as other moth ball chemicals are
really bad news.

Mark Jensen              Double J Apiaries        mjensen@crl.com


From pimentel@roots.ultranet.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:56 EDT 1995
Article: 2159 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!news.ultranet.com!roots
From: pimentel@roots.ultranet.com (J. Pimentel)
Newsgroups: news.groups,rec.animals.wildlife,rec.birds,rec.pets,rec.pets.birds,rec.pets.cats,rec.pets.herp,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: 3rd RFD: misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations [REVISED]
Followup-To: news.groups
Date: Tue, 04 Jul 95 04:36:03 GMT
Organization: None that I know of
Lines: 491
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3tagiv$hj8@caesar.ultra.net>
NNTP-Posting-Host: roots.ultranet.com
X-Newsreader: News Xpress Version 1.0 Beta #4
Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu news.groups:132013 rec.animals.wildlife:3984 rec.birds:22482 rec.pets:34767 rec.pets.birds:37116 rec.pets.cats:97130 rec.pets.herp:37952 sci.agriculture:5463 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:2159

=====================================================================
This revision supercedes the 2nd RFD previously labeled:
 2nd RFD: rec.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations
 3rd RFD: misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations

Is hereafter referred to as:
 3rd RFD: misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations [REVISED]

Revisions to this RFD include:

Section I
 1) rec.animals.* to misc.animals.* 
 2) m.a.answers to m.a.info
 3) m.a.agriculture.* to m.a.farming.* 
 4) m.a.f.birds.flightless to m.a.f.birds.ratites   
 5) m.a.wild.* to m.a.wildlife.*
 6) m.a.w.tooth-whales to m.a.w.marine-mammals
 7) m.a.w.felines.* combined into m.a.w.felines   
 8) m.a.w.wolves to misc.animals.wildlife.canines 
 9) m.a.w.foxes removed and combined in m.a.w.canines

Section II
   No Change
   
Notes: 
   1) The RFD is broken into two major sections (this is nothing new
      from the 2nd RFD).  Section I deals with creating groups and 
      renaming two.  Section II deals with renaming the entire hierarcy 
      of rec.pets.* to misc.animals.pets.*.  The other two categories
      in misc.animals.* include farming animals and wild animals.  It
      is understood that pets are animals, but that is not the purpose
      of this additional section.
   2) Section I in the CFV (this is not the CFV) will be acted upon 
      individually.  That is each creation or renaming (2 groups) will 
      be a separate vote, each may pass or fail on it's own.
   3) Section II in the CFV will be acted upon as a cluster move of all
      the groups in one hierarchy to another hierarchy, and will be handled
      as one vote. In the CFV it will proposed to move rec.pets.* to
      misc.animals.pets.*, this may pass or fail on it's own.
   4) Section I passes/fails will not effect Section II pass/fail and
      visa-versa.
   5) This is a major addition to USEnet and there will be a lot of 
      groups listed here.  If you find the number of newsgroups 
      overwhelming you're not alone.
   6) With respect to the misc.animals.farming.birds.* hierarchy a 
      concern was raised that there was only one group listed beyond
      the .misc, this does occur from time to time.
   7) With respect to the FAQ-INFO post mentioned in the RFD, it will
      posted to the groups mentioned in the cross-post line of the RFD,
      specifically: (With the exception of news.announce.newgroups)
      news.groups, rec.animals.wildlife, rec.birds, rec.pets, 
      rec.pets.birds, rec.pets.cats, rec.pets.herp, rec.pets.dogs.info,
      sci.agriculture, sci.agriculture.beekeeping. 
   8) A copy of this RFD will be posted to news.announce.newgroups
      where it will sit while David Lawrence is on vacation until 
      10 July.
   
Thank you for your participation in this RFD.

John Pimentel
=======================================================================       
        
               
                3RD REQUEST FOR DISCUSSION (RFD)

Co-Proponents: Kathryn A. Smith <katsmith@vt.edu>
               Steven Whatley <swhatley@blkbox.com>
               Michael & Susan Harmon <parrot@pipeline.com>
               Bob Weber <bweber@clark.net>
               Jim Buscher

Mentor:        John Pimentel <pimentel@roots.ultranet.com>

Distribution of Newsgroups:   world

Gateway Proposed:             DOM_BIRD@PLEARN.EDU.PL <=>
                                misc.animals.farming.birds.misc

Distribution of RFD:

The complete official messages - RFD, CFV and vote results will
be posted to these required or affected newsgroups:

news.announce.newgroups, news.groups, rec.animals.wildlife, rec.birds, 
rec.pets, rec.pets.birds, rec.pets.cats, rec.pets.herp, rec.pets.dogs.info,
sci.agriculture, sci.agriculture.beekeeping

and an edited version will go to these mailing lists:

CC:   *cagtag-l@plearn.edu.pl
      *canine-l@psuvm.psu.edu
      *dom_bird@plearn.edu.pl
      *emu-ratite@yournet.com
      *exotic-l@plearn.edu.pl
      *feline-l@psuvm.psu.edu
      *ferret-request@cunyvm.cuny.edu
      *jardine@starfire.ne.uiuc.edu
      *poiceph@starfire.ne.uiuc.edu
      *ratite-news@peinet.pe.ca
      *senegal@starfire.ne.uiuc.edu

Separate RFD/CFV's will be sent, in batches, to these effected newsgroups:

rec.pets.dogs.activities, rec.pets.dogs.breeds, rec.pets.dogs.behavior, 
rec.pets.dogs.health, rec.pets.dogs.rescue, rec.pets.dogs.misc, alt.wolves,
alt.pets.rabbits, alt.pets.ferrets, alt.pets.hamsters, alt.chinchilla, 
alt.animals.bears, alt.animals.dolphins, alt.animals.felines, 
alt.animals.felines.lions, alt.animals.felines.snowleopards, 
alt.animals.foxes, alt.animals.raccoons, alt.agriculture.misc, 
alt.med.veterinary, alt.skunks

AND any other effected groups that may need notification.


NOTE: This is not a Call for Votes. Do not try to vote now.
      Follow-ups set to news.groups, please honour. See the
      "Procedure" section, below, for details.

Procedure:

 Interested parties are encouraged to comment on this proposal
 in news.groups.  Please post your comments *only* in
 news.groups.  After 21 days, if there appears to be a strong
 consensus in favor of this proposal as it is written here, a
 CFV will be posted, which will initiate the voting process;
 otherwise, discussion will continue until a more refined
 proposal can be prepared.

 Again, please do *not* vote now.  The voting process has not
 begun, and your votes will be DISCARDED if you attempt to do
 so.

 For more information on the newsgroup creation process, see the
 documents entitled "How to Create a New Usenet Newsgroup" and
 "Usenet Newsgroup Creation Companion" by David Lawrence
 <tale@uunet.uu.net>, posted regularly to news.groups,
 news.announce.newusers, and news.answers, and available for ftp
 at rtfm.mit.edu in /pub/usenet/news.groups.


-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
With the number of users of the Internet increasing, the need to
reorganize the animal groups is increasing as well.  New users
have a difficult time finding the many scattered animal groups
and then are confused about which group is the appropriate group
to post to because the names are not very descriptive.  With
this proposal we wish to create a newsgroup skeleton that will
hopefully, in time, better organize and name the scattered
animal groups.

Please read each SECTION carefully.  Keep in mind that when a CFV
is posted:

1) each newsgroup that is either created or renamed will be voted
   on separately (that way we eliminate creating newsgroups that
   do not have lots of demand)

                           AND

2) each SECTION of the proposal will be voted on separately
   (SECTION I may pass but SECTION II may fail, or SECTION II may pass
   and some of the newsgroups created in SECTION I may fail)


Although this type of independent "rename and create" is not common,
there are several precedents to the same type of voting procedure.
This occured with both comp.windows.ms.*-->comp.os.ms-windows.* and
rec.games.deckmaster.*-->rec.games.trading-cards.*.
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=


                       SECTION I

 Status : only misc.animals.info will be moderated

 Create the following groups:

                misc.animals.misc
                misc.animals.farming.misc
                misc.animals.farming.birds.misc
                misc.animals.farming.birds.ratites
  (moderated)   misc.animals.info 
                misc.animals.health
                misc.animals.marketplace
                misc.animals.wildlife.bears
                misc.animals.wildlife.felines
                misc.animals.wildlife.raccoons
                misc.animals.wildlife.marine-mammals
                misc.animals.wildlife.canines
                rec.pets.ferrets
                rec.pets.marketplace
                rec.pets.rabbits
                rec.pets.rodents.misc
                rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas
                rec.pets.rodents.hamsters
                rec.pets.support

 Rename the following groups:

        rec.animals.wildlife ...... to  misc.animals.wildlife.misc
        rec.birds ................. to  misc.animals.wildlife.birds

Newsgroups line:

misc.animals.misc ............... Catch-all group for animal related topics
misc.animals.farming.misc .................... Any animal used as livestock
misc.animals.farming.birds.misc .......... Domesticated/farmyard birds only
misc.animals.farming.birds.ratites ....... For emus, ostriches, rheas, etc.
misc.animals.info ...... For FAQs, charters, and general info about animals
misc.animals.health ........ For general questions concerning animal health
misc.animals.marketplace . Place ads to buy/sell animals & animals products
misc.animals.wildlife.misc ........................ All species of wildlife
misc.animals.wildlife.bears ...................... Topics relating to bears
misc.animals.wildlife.birds ...................... Topics relating to birds
misc.animals.wildlife.felines ...................... All species of felines
misc.animals.wildlife.raccoons ................ Topics relating to raccoons
misc.animals.wildlife.marine-mammals .... Topics relating to marine-mammals
misc.animals.wildlife.canines .... Topics relating to wolves & wolf crosses
rec.pets.ferrets ........................... Topics relating to pet ferrets
rec.pets.marketplace ............ Place ads to buy/sell pets & pet products
rec.pets.rabbits ........................... Topics relating to pet rabbits
rec.pets.rodents.misc ........................... All species of pet rodent
rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas ........... Topics relating to pet chinchillas
rec.pets.rodents.hamsters ................. Topics relating to pet hamsters
rec.pets.support ......................... Topics related to support issues


RATIONALE:

The discussion of birds used in farming, like emus, chickens, quail, 
pheasants, and ostriches, do not fall into the wildlife or pet categories.  
So, we propose the creation of misc.animals.farming.birds.misc and 
m.a.farming.birds.ratites.  Future growth in the m.a.f.birds.* could 
be along the lines of game birds (pheasants, turkeys, peacocks, quail, 
etc.), pigeons (fancy and homing), water fowl (ducks, geese), etc. The 
m.a.f.m group will be a catch-all group for the discussion of sheep, 
cows, pigs, and other farm animals.  As deemed necessary, more 
misc.animals.farming.* newsgroups can be formed.

Due to the large number of animal related newsgroups, having a place a
person can go that will assist them in choosing which newsgroup to read
and post to is necessary.  Therefore, we are proposing the creation of
the newsgroup misc.animals.info.  This newsgroup will post the charters 
and FAQs for each of the animal newsgroups (if available) as well as 
other sites on the internet that could be of interest to animals
enthusiasts.  This newsgroup will be moderated by Ronda Devold at
devold@badlands.NoDak.edu.

Much of the discussion on the animal related newsgroups involves the
health and general well-being of animals.  Therefore, we propose the
newsgroup misc.animals.health.   The purpose of the newsgroup is to help
individuals become better informed about the problems that they may
encounter while caring for animals, and, to offer possible solutions to
these various problems.  Acquired, hereditary, and traumatic disorders
can be discussed in this newsgroup, as well as questions regarding
nutrition and feeding.  This newsgroup is not intended to replace
veterinary care, but rather to help individuals ask the "right" questions 
when an animal must be seen by a qualified veterinarian. Although this 
newsgroup is not moderated, it will be monitored by veterinarians.

There has been discussion in many of the newgroups for a place to advertise 
animals and animals related products for sale.  Therefore, we propose the 
creation of the newsgroups misc.animals.marketplace and rec.pets.marketplace. 
 
Having a separate newsgroup for people wishing to buy or sell something will
reduce the number of these messages showing up in the different animal 
groups.  These proposed newgroups will offer buyers and sellers a more 
narrowed audience in which to advertise then currently seen in the various 
*.forsale newsgroups.

For the current newsgroup rec.birds, there exists a confusion about what 
types of birds can be discussed there.  This group is for wild birds only. 
So, we propose to rename rec.birds to misc.animals.wildlife.birds.  And, 
to go along with that change, we propose to rename rec.animals.wildlife to
misc.animals.wildlife.misc.  In no way do we intend to demine the importance 
of misc.animals.wildlife or make it less visible.  We simply want to make it 
consistant with the rest of the misc.animals.* hierarchy.

While creating this misc.animals.* hierarchy we need to give the 
alt.animals.* and alt.pets.* folks a chance to join the misc.animals.*, 
rec.pets.* groups, or misc.animals.pets.* group (if SECTION II of this 
proposal passes).  There are numerious wild and pet animals groups that 
currently exist in alt.

Finally, loss of a beloved pet can be devastating.  We are proposing the
creation of rec.pets.support to help those who have lost their pet deal
with the pain and grief.  Other emotional issues involving pets will be
discussed here as well.  rec.pets.support will be an informal support
group for dealing with human-animals relationships by talking with
others that are going through (or have gone through) a similar ordeal.


BACKGROUND:

In an *initial* survey conducted over a five day period on the newsgroups 
rec.birds, rec.pets, and rec.pets.birds, the following results were seen.  
Out of the 40 people responding to the survey, 20 voted YES to adding a 
newsgroup about domesticated birds and 3 voted NO.  For changing the name 
of rec.birds to something more descriptive, 33 voted YES for some type of 
name change and 0 voted NO.

In an *cursory* poll conducted in the newsgroups alt.pets.rabbits, of 
the 25 individuals that responded, 20 voted that they would like to have 
a newsgroup for rabbits listed under rec, 4 said Maybe, and 1 said No.  
In a separate *cursory* poll conducted on alt.pets.hamsters, only six 
individuals responded, but all said YES they would like a hamsters 
newsgroup listed under rec.  Also, in scanning through the posts of 
rec.birds and rec.pets.birds for approximately 12 days, there were 2-3 
posts per day that could have been discussed in the proposed newsgroups 
misc.animals.farming.birds or m.a.farming.birds.ratites. Several of the 
posts dealt with questions and answers on how to raise domesticated birds 
(i.e. pigeon, doves, and ducks).  On two separate occasions, a letter was 
posted to both rec.birds and rec.pets.birds because there was not a 
distinct and obvious newsgroup that covered the topic of the letter (i.e. 
a domesticated bird).  Also, from asking the subscribers to the LISTSERV 
mailing list, EXOTIC-L, I found out that several people on the list raise 
domesticated birds as well as have indoor, exotic birds as pets.  This was 
also true of one individual who posted to rec.pets.birds in response to one 
of the domesticated bird posts mentioned above.  Also, since the creation 
of the LISTSERV mailing list DOM_BIRD (Forum for Domesticated/Farmyard 
Birds) on 3/29/95 the list has grown to over 90 subscribers (with more 
individuals subscribing every day); while, the mailing list emu-ratites 
current has over 120 subscribers.  This demonstrates that there is an 
audience of individuals that simply require a forum in which to speak.


-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
The following SECTION is proposed in order to combine the animal
related topics under one hierarchy.  This SECTION will be voted on
separately from the groups listed in SECTION I.
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

                          SECTION II

Rename the entire rec.pets.* hierarchy to misc.animals.pets.*

rec.pets ..................... to  misc.animals.pets.misc
rec.pets.birds ............... to  misc.animals.pets.birds
rec.pets.cats ................ to  misc.animals.pets.cats
rec.pets.dogs.activities ..... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.activities
rec.pets.dogs.behavior ....... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.behavior
rec.pets.dogs.breeds ......... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.breeds
rec.pets.dogs.health ......... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.health
rec.pets.dogs.info ........... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.info
rec.pets.dogs.misc ........... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.misc
rec.pets.dogs.rescue ......... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.rescue
rec.pets.ferrets ............. to  misc.animals.pets.ferrets
rec.pets.herp ................ to  misc.animals.pets.herps
rec.pets.marketplace ......... to  misc.animals.pets.marketplace
rec.pets.rabbits ............. to  misc.animals.pets.rabbits
rec.pets.rodents ............. to  misc.animals.pets.rodents.misc
rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas . to  misc.animals.pets.rodents.chinchillas
rec.pets.rodents.hamsters .... to  misc.animals.pets.rodents.hamsters
rec.pets.support ............. to  misc.animals.pets.support

If it passes, all other groups mentioned in the RFD/CFV, as well as
exitsting rec.pets.* groups, will have misc.animals as their base
hierarchy.  If it fails, all these groups will have rec.pets as their
base hierarchy.

RATIONALE:

The internet is expanding expotentially with each passing day.
Therefore, we believe that now is the best time to create a
misc.animals.* hierarchy, due to the increasing traffic and variety
of posts found in the many existing animal newsgroups.  Our proposal
will create a flexible and easily expandable hierarchy called
misc.animals.* where a wide variety of topics concerning animals
can be discussed.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

PROPOSED CHARTERS:  The *complete* charter for each newsgroup in SECTION I
                    can be seen in the FAQ for misc.animals.*/rec.pets.*
                    Hierarchies


A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF EACH GROUP IN SECTION I:

Please see the proposed charters for the list of what can and cannot
be discussed in each newsgroup.  In all cases, any topics that would
clearly fit into a pre-existing newsgroup should be discussed in that
newsgroup (i.e. exotic, pet birds should only be discussed in
rec.pets.birds, not in misc.animals.farming.birds.* or
misc.animals.wildlife.birds.misc)

misc.animals.misc
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.misc will be
  a catch-all newsgroup for any animal related topic that does not
  have a clearly defined, pre-existing newsgroup.

misc.animals.farming.misc
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.farming.misc
  will be open to the discussion of topics related to any species of
  animal used as livestock, ex, cattle, fowl, rabbits, sheep, etc.

misc.animals.farming.birds.misc
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.farming.birds.misc
  will be open to discussion of topics related to birds that are used 
  as livestock.

misc.animals.farming.birds.ratites
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.farming.birds.ratites 
  will be open to discussion of topics related to the owning, breeding, 
  and farming of ratites (i.e. emu,  ostrich, rheas, etc.).

misc.animals.info
  The proposed *moderated* newsgroup misc.animals.info will be open to the 
  placement of the animal related newsgroup's charters and FAQs.   A list 
  of other animal related sites on the internet will also be maintained.  
  Ronda DeVold <devold@badlands.nodak.edu> will be the moderator for this 
  newsgroup.

misc.animals.health
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.health will be open to 
  the discussion of any topic relating to animal health in general.  This 
  newsgroup is not meant to replace veterinary advice or care, but rather 
  allow the individual to ask "informed" questions about an animals health 
  and well-being.  Although not moderated, this newsgroup will be monitored 
  by veterinarians.

misc.animals.marketplace
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.marketplace will be open 
  to people placing ads to buy and sell animals and animal related products, 
  with the exception of pets and pet products.

misc.animals.wildlife.misc
  This newsgroup will be renamed from the existing group 
  misc.animals.wildlife and will be open to the discussion of many topics 
  involving wild animals.  The charter for this new group will be the same 
  as for misc.animals.wildlife.

misc.animals.wildlife.bear
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.bears will be open 
  for the discussion of topics relating to bears.

misc.animals.wildlife.birds
  This newsgroup will be renamed from the existing group rec.birds and is 
  for the discussion of wild birds and bird watching.  The charter for 
  this new group will be the same as for rec.birds.

misc.animals.wildlife.canines
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.canines
  will be open for the discussion of topics relating all species of
  wild and captive canines.  Discussion of domesticated canines is
  not allowed; however, discussion of wolf crosses kept as pets
  will be allowed.

misc.animals.wildlife.felines
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.felines will be 
  open for the discussion of topics relating to all species of wild felines 
  (with the exception of feral domestic cats).

misc.animals.wildlife.raccoons
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.raccoons will be 
  open for the discussion of topics relating to raccoons.

misc.animals.wildlife.marine-mammals
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup misc.animals.wildlife.marine-mammals
  will be open for the discussion of topics relating to all species of
  marine mammals.

rec.pets.ferrets
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.ferrets will be open
  to topics relating to the care and ownership of pet ferrets.

rec.pets.marketplace
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.marketplace will be open to 
  people who wish to buy and sell animals that are kept as pets, as well 
  as, pet related products.

rec.pets.rabbits
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.rabbits will be open to any 
  topic relating to the care and ownership of pet rabbits.

rec.pets.rodents.misc
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.rodents.misc will be open to 
  topics that involve rodents kept as pets.

rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas will be 
  open to topics that involve chinchillas kept as pets.

rec.pets.rodents.hamsters
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.rodents.hamsters will be open 
  to topics that involve hamsters kept as pets.

rec.pets.support
  The proposed unmoderated newsgroup rec.pets.support will be open to 
  support issues involving pets.
---


From phrrv@csv.warwick.ac.uk Thu Jul  6 12:05:57 EDT 1995
Article: 2160 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!cam.news.pipex.net!pipex!edi.news.pipex.net!pipex!sunsite.doc.ic.ac.uk!warwick!not-for-mail
From: phrrv@csv.warwick.ac.uk (Graham Cooke)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Acarine
Date: 4 Jul 1995 10:56:25 +0100
Organization: University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
Lines: 11
Message-ID: <3tb389$6fh@crocus.csv.warwick.ac.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: crocus-fddi.csv.warwick.ac.uk
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit


Last night I discovered that two of my colonies, sited next to 
each other, are suffereing from acarine, one quite severely.
I tried to get Folbex today to treat it but it is no longer 
sold in the UK.  I have heard that menthol can be used, but that 
is all I know.  There seems to be no licenced treatment available
in the UK, except to requeen with a resistant strain.
Has anyone got any other ideas?

graham
phrrv@csv.warwick.ac.uk


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jul  6 12:05:58 EDT 1995
Article: 2161 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Happy 4th
Date: Tue,  4 Jul 1995 13:51:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950704070304240@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 23        

          __________________________________________________________
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         (//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////)
         /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
        |   Why is this bee saying ZZUB?                             |
        |                                                            |
        |                                                            |
        |              ?                                             |
        |            \ _ /                                           |
        |            /O O \   _                        b  Z          |
        |            \~~~ / // \                     u        Z      |
        |             /--\//   ))         z        z            U    |
        |        ()==/()== \__./  Z z u b   z    Z               B   |
        |        ()=(  ()= )                  u b                    |
        |            \____/\/\->                                     |
        |             ||||                                           |
        |            (/  \)                                          |
        |                                                            |
        |   That's what a bee say's flying backwards..ZZUB!          |
        |                                                            |
        |____________________________________________________________|
        : From a talk to beekeepers by Prof. Norman Gary, retired..  :
         \___________________________________________________________/


From katsmith@vt.edu Thu Jul  6 12:06:00 EDT 1995
Article: 2162 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!hearst.acc.Virginia.EDU!maui.cc.odu.edu!xanth.cs.odu.edu!lll-winken.llnl.gov!hookup!news.mathworks.com!solaris.cc.vt.edu!usenet
From: katsmith@vt.edu (Kathryn A. Smith)
Newsgroups: news.groups,rec.animals.wildlife,rec.birds,rec.pets,rec.pets.birds,rec.pets.cats,rec.pets.herp,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: 3rd RFD: misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations [REVISED]
Date: 4 Jul 1995 15:28:55 GMT
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In article <3tagiv$hj8@caesar.ultra.net>, pimentel@roots.ultranet.com says...

> 8) m.a.w.wolves to misc.animals.wildlife.canines 
> 9) m.a.w.foxes removed and combined in m.a.w.canines

>misc.animals.wildlife.canines .... Topics relating to wolves & wolf crosses

This will be changed to :

misc.animals.wildlife.canines .... Topics relating to wild and captive canines


Sorry for the error.  With all the suggestions and changes, it is difficult to 
catch each modification.

Kathy



From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jul  6 12:06:01 EDT 1995
Article: 2163 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!holonet!colossus.holonet.net!wildbee!andy.nachbaur
From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re. purple loostrife discussion
Date: Tue,  4 Jul 1995 14:49:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950704173142241@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
Lines: 55        


*Not all the mail I get on this subject has been anti beekeeper.<G>
passed on with permission.
                    ----------------------------------------
From: jwagner@mindspring.com (Jim Wagner)
To: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com
Date: Sun, 02 Jul 1995 20:18:46 -0500
Subject: Re. purple loostrife discussion

Dear Beefriend,

I am a brand new hobby beekeeper, only two hives started this spring.  So I
have very much to learn and almost nothing to contribute  in the way of bee
knowledge.

 I also have an honorable discharge from the U.S. Army and retired after 30
years of Federal Government service as a civilian.  For the past ten years I
have raised beef cattle and pecans.  I have served on the board of directors
of our state cattlemen's association, state farm bureau advisory committee
on pecans and extension advisory committee.  I am also a master gardener.
None of that is really relevant to this discussion, I just wanted to set the
background

I have been lurking on the Bee-L list for several months where I have been
following the many comments regarding purple loostrife. I always enjoy your
postings on any subject because I find your opinions seem to reflect some
common sense and are expressed very well.

In my opinion your reply to Dr. Blossey was 100 per cent on target.  I agree
with each and every statement you made.  The opinions you expressed in your
reply to Dr. Blossy were well thought out and well expressed.  If there was
any tirade it was in Dr. Blossey's reply to you.  I think you gored his
sacred ox.   There is no gurantee that biological controls of purple
loostrife will be restricted to purple loostrife.  Who knows what other
plants and crops will be affected?  Once these non-indigenous biological
controls are released there is no way to call them back if it is later
discovered that they are harming beneficial plants and crops.

Too often scientists and bureaucrats are quick to push some wonder cure on
the general public only to find out later that their cure is worse than the
bite.  Many of these scientists  and bureaucrats are driven solely by their
desire for recognition and justification for their employment.  It's a well
known fact that professors and researchers in most  universities must
publish or perish.  Perhaps this is one of the driving forces behind Dr.
Blossey's vitriolic attack on you and your opinions.

I support your opinion in this matter and believe you have explained your
beliefs in a most rational and logical way.  Keep up the good work.

Ask an enviornmentalist why a human couple can mate and raise a family in an
eight by ten room but it takes three square miles for a spotted owl to do
the same?

Jim Wagner
Illigitimi non carborundum


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Thu Jul  6 12:06:02 EDT 1995
Article: 2164 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!dish.news.pipex.net!pipex!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
From: Gordon Scott <Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Prevention of Waxmoth
Date: Mon, 03 Jul 95 16:38:49 GMT
Lines: 23
Message-ID: <804789529snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
References: <3t5o0i$sko@grovel.iafrica.com> <3t8ks1$gqc@clyde.open.ac.uk>
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In article <3t8ks1$gqc@clyde.open.ac.uk>
           R.J.Yates@Open.ac.uk "Richard Yates" writes:

> rodl@cat.co.za (Rod Ladwig) wrote:
> >I would like to know what the best method is for controlling waxmoth in 
> >extracted supers and brood frames that have been put into storage?
> >
> 
> There may be some substance to store with the
> frames not not not mothballs - can't remember name, anyone?

Two standard substances in the UK (presumably elsewhere too) are:
	PDB crystals (chemical -- paradichlorobenzine)
	Certan (a biological control)

Regards,
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From popllama@u.washington.edu Thu Jul  6 12:06:04 EDT 1995
Article: 2165 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: popllama@u.washington.edu ('PopLlama' K. G. Giambrone)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Help with a novice
Date: 4 Jul 1995 16:17:20 GMT
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I am a biology major who is becoming more and more interested in beekeeping.
Though the only experience I have had with it, consisted of my grandfather
who gave up the hobby long before I was born, and has since passed away.

I have become aware of a local beekeeper and I want to approach him.  What
would be the "proper" thing to do?  I want to learn as much as I can from 
this gentleman, and I am willing to work for free - probably for two days a
week since I have another job already.  

How would you like to be approached if you were this beekeeper?

popllama@u.washington.edu

-- 
"There are only 23 words" - Psychic TV


From tittle@netcom.com Thu Jul  6 12:06:05 EDT 1995
Article: 2166 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: news.groups,rec.animals.wildlife,rec.birds,rec.pets,rec.pets.birds,rec.pets.cats,rec.pets.herp,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!noc.netcom.net!netcom.com!tittle
From: tittle@netcom.com (Cindy Tittle Moore)
Subject: Re: 3rd RFD: misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations [REVISED]
Message-ID: <tittleDB7AJ8.32I@netcom.com>
Sender: tittle@netcom21.netcom.com
Reply-To: tittle@netcom.com (Cindy Tittle Moore)
Organization: Disorganized in Orange County, CA
References: <3tagiv$hj8@caesar.ultra.net> <3tbmnn$abg@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Date: Tue, 4 Jul 1995 16:45:07 GMT
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katsmith@vt.edu (Kathryn A. Smith) writes:

>In article <3tagiv$hj8@caesar.ultra.net>, pimentel@roots.ultranet.com says...

>> 8) m.a.w.wolves to misc.animals.wildlife.canines 
>> 9) m.a.w.foxes removed and combined in m.a.w.canines

>>misc.animals.wildlife.canines .... Topics relating to wolves & wolf crosses

>This will be changed to :

>misc.animals.wildlife.canines .... Topics relating to wild and captive canines

That sound extremely imprecise.  Is a dog a captive canine? I actually
think the first description of wolves and wolf crosses is better.  A
wolf is a wolf whether captive or not.

Again, many of the subheirarchies are redundant.  misc.animals.wolves,
for example, it's abundantly clear that wolves are wildlife.  

Oh, and consider: a captive wolf or a wolf-hybrid is NOT wildlife
since they are no longer in the wild.  I believe that wildlife is very
specifically focused on the interaction of animals in the wild, which
would exclude captive animals.

--Cindy
-- 
_________________________Cindy Tittle Moore___________________________________

Internet: tittle@netcom.com              USmail: PO Box 4188, Irvine CA, 92716
                   WWW: http://www.io.com/user/tittle/


From andy.nachbaur@beenet.com Thu Jul  6 12:06:06 EDT 1995
Article: 2167 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: andy.nachbaur@beenet.com (Andy Nachbaur)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Varroa control alternativ
Date: Wed,  5 Jul 1995 02:52:00 GMT
Message-ID: <950704202021250@beenet.com>
Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA
Distribution: world
References: <3sp3gv$fuo@uudell.us.dell.com> <950626203412141@beenet.com>
Lines: 84        


MD>From: Mark Dillow <Mark_Dillow@ccmail.us.dell.com>
  >Subject: Re: Varroa control alternativ

MD>Andy,
  >This is a very interesting article. I myself have been
  >interested in treating my hives in a non chemical way, if it
  >were possible. Unfortunately, I have seen very little in print
  >on "organic" beekeeping methods. I would be interested in any
  >other such infomation that anyone might happen upon.

Hello Mark,

  I have not had time to follow up on this, but I would be very
surprised if you could not find the copper materials at a vet supply
store, dairy supply, or a big farm supply store. They seem to have
everything else.

  Please let me know if you do follow this up. I was tinkling that
it would be worth something just to dump a hand full of copper pennies
in the bottom of the hive, but I am sure there are better ways. I can
just see some bee inspector getting pushed all out of shape because he
found a handful of change in some poor beekeepers hives.<G>

  Which brings to mind one of those stories that some don't appreciate.

In the past I kept my bees in the winter and spring on the coast of
central California. I was raised there and spent my winter's there when
I first started beekeeping. The distance from my summer home and bee
pasture was over 100 miles and for year's all I had was a old model-A
pick me up truck to go back and forth. I don't know how I lived without
my super duty FORD diesel pick me up that cost $500 per year for just
the licence, that old model A, costs about $35. a year for licence and
insurance combined.

  Anyway a new bee inspector came on the job and low and behold I began
to get '24 hr. abatement notices for hives I would leave behind to pick
up drifters and late swarms. Mostly junk boxes that no one would move or
steal. This was a real drag to have to travel back to the coast to pick
up these boxes, but who was I to challenge the law and I gritted my
teeth and did what I was told.

  The next spring when I was back on the coast in full force I met the
bee inspector and told him how I felt about this, he was not impressed
and gave me the tired old story "the law is the law" and he does not
make them and I was free to get it changed. Time went by as I kept busy
working my bee's. One of the things that I was taught to do was inspect
bee's, I am good at it, a natural talent or something. Anyway, when ever
I find a hive with AFB, one cell or 10,000 I always mark the cover
with big RED letters "AFB" and the date so I can find it when I move the
bee's or make a special drag on disease which was almost never because I
had less then 1/2 of one percent in most years.

A few weeks after I found and marked this hive, which I think now must
have been a one cellar along comes der local hive sniffer and a few
day's later I get a letter that say's "if this hive is diseased I should
pick it up in 24 hrs or bare the full rapt of the government". I felt
bad about it so I made the 100 mile trip to the yard to pick up the
hive. I developed a bad habit of wanting to see what other's see in my
bee's so I arrived early and took a look. Would you believe I could not
find any disease in this hive or any of the 100 other's on this
location that I carefully inspected. What would you do?

  Well I had two choices, I was already there and I could pick up this
hive and take it to the wax salvage plant as ordered and make some
points with the inspector. Or I could call the inspector and waste my
time getting him to re-inspect the hive, and have him tell me it did not
matter the hive had AFB when he looked at it the first time and I must
destroy it.  I did neither, what I did was mark every hive in the yard
with the big red "AFB" on the tops and came home. I am sure he was
ticked off but that was the last time I ever heard from him. He was not
game to check all 100 hives and from that day on I have never marked my
hive's with "AFB" on the top. I use my initials "AN" and the date, and
would you believe..so do several of the young beekeeper's that at one
time worked for me and now are doing better then I ever did working
their own bee's, but they are not so young anymore.

                        ttul Andy-




(c)Permission to reproduce, granted.
Opinion's are not necessarily facts.


From jharris@hannibal.wncc.cc.ne.us Thu Jul  6 12:06:06 EDT 1995
Article: 2168 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.moneng.mei.com!news.ecn.bgu.edu!newspump.wustl.edu!crcnis3.unl.edu!news.mid.net!news.nde.state.ne.us!nlcnews.nlc.state.ne.us!hannibal!jharris
From: jharris@hannibal.wncc.cc.ne.us (John Harris)
Newsgroups: news.groups,rec.animals.wildlife,rec.birds,rec.pets,rec.pets.birds,rec.pets.cats,rec.pets.herp,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: 3rd RFD: misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations
Followup-To: news.groups,rec.animals.wildlife,rec.birds,rec.pets,rec.pets.birds,rec.pets.cats,rec.pets.herp,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Date: 4 Jul 1995 20:59:04 GMT
Organization: NLC Nebraska
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:  Create the following groups:

:                 misc.animals.misc
:                 misc.animals.farming.misc
:   (moderated)   misc.animals.info 
:                 misc.animals.health
:                 misc.animals.marketplace

The above proposed news groups are the ones I would verry much like to see
available in the News Groups section.  Thanks for your consideration. 
John harris


From wgainer@onr.com Thu Jul  6 12:06:07 EDT 1995
Article: 2169 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!news.onr.com!usenet
From: wgainer@onr.com (gainer, wes)
Newsgroups: news.groups,rec.animals.wildlife,rec.birds,rec.pets,rec.pets.birds,rec.pets.cats,rec.pets.herp,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: I agree
Date: 4 Jul 1995 17:39:34 GMT
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In article <3tagiv$hj8@caesar.ultra.net>, pimentel@roots.ultranet.com (J. Pimentel) says:

I for one would like to see the areas grow.  I also would like to
see the following area's added, as I am a bird breeder, and would
like to have discussions with like minded people.  The areas I am
interested in are:

	misc.animals.farming.birds.misc
	misc.animals.farming.birds.ratitcs

Wes


From peter@bonkers.taronga.com Thu Jul  6 12:06:09 EDT 1995
Article: 2170 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Newsgroups: news.groups,rec.animals.wildlife,rec.birds,rec.pets,rec.pets.birds,rec.pets.cats,rec.pets.herp,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!swrinde!news.uh.edu!bonkers.taronga.com!peter
From: peter@bonkers.taronga.com (Peter da Silva)
Subject: Re: 3rd RFD: misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations [REVISED]
Organization: Taronga Park BBS
Message-ID: <DB7CKI.8M8@bonkers.taronga.com>
References: <3tagiv$hj8@caesar.ultra.net> <3tbmnn$abg@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <tittleDB7AJ8.32I@netcom.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Jul 1995 17:29:06 GMT
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In article <tittleDB7AJ8.32I@netcom.com>,
Cindy Tittle Moore <tittle@netcom.com> wrote:
>That sound extremely imprecise.  Is a dog a captive canine? I actually
>think the first description of wolves and wolf crosses is better.  A
>wolf is a wolf whether captive or not.

But a dhole, tanuki, dingo, or jackal is not a wolf. Whether a coyote
is a wolf might be subject to debate, but it is still the most common
wild dog in north america... I much prefer the new wording, but if you
want to be picky:

The description could perhaps be changed to "undomesticated canines"?

>Oh, and consider: a captive wolf or a wolf-hybrid is NOT wildlife

Wildlife in zoos is still wildlife. They don't suddenly become domesticated
because they're captured.


From barlin@mbnet.mb.ca Thu Jul  6 12:06:10 EDT 1995
Article: 2171 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!hookup!news.mcgill.ca!newsflash.concordia.ca!canopus.cc.umanitoba.ca!news
From: Sam Barlin <barlin@mbnet.mb.ca>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Honey and babies
Date: 5 Jul 1995 01:46:28 GMT
Organization: The University of Manitoba
Lines: 8
Message-ID: <3tcqtl$533@canopus.cc.umanitoba.ca>
References: <3smkn9$4pa@gabriel.keele.ac.uk> <3t7oci$nav@ixnews4.ix.netcom.com>
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To: sanflet@ix.netcom.com

     Clostridum Botullium is preasent in background levels in honey,and 
the problem with babys is that they do not have enough bacteria in there 
systems yet. But the incidence of it happening is very rare. To be safe 
it is suggested to that the child be at least six months to one year old.
my two cents.

Barlin@mbnet.mb.ca



From eifert@ix.netcom.com Thu Jul  6 12:06:11 EDT 1995
Article: 2172 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!ixnews.netcom.com!netnews
From: eifert@ix.netcom.com (Darrell Eifert)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Wintering a hive
Date: 5 Jul 1995 02:26:34 GMT
Organization: Netcom
Lines: 10
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3tct8q$m8g@ixnews5.ix.netcom.com>
References: <3t5o0i$sko@grovel.iafrica.com> <3t8ks1$gqc@clyde.open.ac.uk> <804789529snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
NNTP-Posting-Host: ix-wor-ma1-12.ix.netcom.com

Hi folks --

This is a question from my uncle down in Marble, North Carolina (near
Ashville) who keeps two hives both for honey and to help pollinate his
small garden.  He's an old beekeeper from Florida who knows much about
the gentle craft, but being from Florida he is stumped on how to help a
hive survive the winter months in NC. If anyone knows any books or
on-line resources on successfully wintering a hive, I would appreciate
the info.  You can reply to the group or reach me individually at:
eifert@ix.netcom.com.  Thanks!


From Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk Thu Jul  6 12:06:13 EDT 1995
Article: 2173 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.sprintlink.net!dish.news.pipex.net!pipex!demon!apis.demon.co.uk!Gordon
From: Gordon Scott <Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk>
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Making decrease?
Date: Wed, 05 Jul 95 11:18:51 GMT
Lines: 36
Message-ID: <804943131snz@apis.demon.co.uk>
Reply-To: Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk
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Hi all,

In a conversation last night  with  some  beekeeping  friends,  we  were
talking  about this year's swarming (_Heavy_ -- Some of my colonies with
new queens just eight weeks old are preparing again to swarm!).  We  got
on  to  how we should decrease the number of stocks after our artificial
swarms, swarm capturing and so on.  Everyone  admitted  some  difficulty
with  this, particularly in high season -- all the books tell you how to
make increase but none seem to give  much  advice  about  restoring  the
status quo.

There are lots of people out there who must have dealt with  this  to  a
greater  or  lesser  extent  already.   What  are your preferred methods
please?

I reckon our little group here are about  to  start  experimenting  with
uniting  large  colonies  in  mid  season.  For the record, I personally
expect to use the newspaper method to do the uniting with the  queen  in
the  lower  brood  box below a QX (maybe I need a drone exit?), give the
brood time to hatch and then move the upper box above  the  cover  board
where I hope it will be cleaned of stores.

My guess is that this will stay as a thread on the newsgroup/list as  it
may  be of wide interest.  However, if you think I'm wrong please say so
on the list and ask people to mail me directly.  I will  then  summarise
and  post a result.  I'm away for a couple of days now so I can't answer
directly for a while.

Thanks in advance,
-- 
Gordon Scott	Gordon@apis.demon.co.uk		100332,3310 on CompuServe
Newsletter	Beekeeper@apis.demon.co.uk	ditto
		Beekeeper, Kendo Sandan, sometime sailor.
		Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 5HP, UK



From altabios@bham.ac.uk Thu Jul  6 12:06:14 EDT 1995
Article: 2174 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: altabios@bham.ac.uk (John E. Fox)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Do Bee Stings Help Arthritis?
Date: 5 Jul 1995 12:26:20 GMT
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In article <3ta7hm$dkd@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu>, rnoak@access.texas.gov (Rita Pirone Noak) says:
>
>Do be stings help folks with arthritis?  If so please give details of
>the treatment. 
>
>Thanks
>
>Chris


It has been fairly well documented that bee keepers suffer less
>from  arthritis than the general population. The treatment is 
simply to get stung on a regular basis. Whether it can 
'cure' arthritis or just delay its onset I don't know.
I believe some drugs based on bee venom have been tried but not
suprisingly, there were side effects.

John Fox


From pollinator@aol.com Thu Jul  6 12:06:16 EDT 1995
Article: 2175 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: pollinator@aol.com (Pollinator)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Wintering a hive
Date: 5 Jul 1995 11:47:31 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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In article <3tct8q$m8g@ixnews5.ix.netcom.com>, eifert@ix.netcom.com
(Darrell Eifert) writes:

>This is a question from my uncle down in Marble, North Carolina (near
>Ashville) who keeps two hives both for honey and to help pollinate
>his
>small garden.  He's an old beekeeper from Florida who knows much
>about
>the gentle craft, but being from Florida he is stumped on how to help
>a
>hive survive the winter months in NC. If anyone knows any books or
>on-line resources on successfully wintering a hive, I would
>appreciate
>the info.  You can reply to the group or reach me individually at:
>eifert@ix.netcom.com.  Thanks!

   While severe winters can be a part of the problem, I believe pollen is
the critical thing.  Late season pollens are nutritionally very poor in
the area.  Commercial beekeepers who go to the mountains for sourwood
honey, remove them as quickly as possible afterwards to go to good pollen
areas.

   If you uncle can move the bees into the coastal plain for winter,
especially, if he can find fields with blooming wild mustard, they will
have high quality pollen every day that they can get out, and will winter
well.  That's about as close as he could come to Florida conditions, where
a variety of pollen is available almost any time.

   If he can't do that there are three other things possible.  Try to move
them locally in late summer to the best pollen areas he can find, so they
can store away plenty of goldenrod and aster pollen.   If he can find
swamp hardwood forest anywhere near, he could put the bees there for
earliest possible spring pollens - willow, alder, swamp maple, etc.  If he
cannot move them at all, he may have to use pollen supplements, which
would help, but are never as good as natural pollen.

   Of course varroa must be knocked down to as low as possible in the fall
by treatment.  And, if he is near apple orchards he may have a problems
with poisoned pollen stored away, such as Penncap M (Trademark) or
powdered organophosphates or carbamates.  Hives with stored poison will
not survive winter, but the problem often is not recognized by beekeepers.

Pollinator@aol.com                  Dave Green
PO Box 1215, Hemingway,   SC   29554


From rclynn@aol.com Thu Jul  6 12:06:18 EDT 1995
Article: 2176 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rclynn@aol.com (RCLynn)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Acarine
Date: 5 Jul 1995 12:04:24 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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I was surprised to hear that Folbex was no longer available in the UK.  I
know the worldwide product manager Wolfgang Schmid.  I'll give him a call
tomorrow to see what's going on.

Randy Lynn
Blossom Ridge Bee Farm
5402 Ashbey Lane, Summerfield, North Carolina, USA 27358
Phone 910-643-4494, email RCLynn@AOL.COM
Sideline beekeeper with 35 hives.


From adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu Thu Jul  6 12:06:20 EDT 1995
Article: 2177 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu (Adam Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: B-Mail_7/95
Date: 5 Jul 1995 18:55:10 GMT
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=====================================================

B-MAIL

A monthly newsletter on issues and events in the bee world, provided by
IBRA, the world information service for bee science and beekeeping.

>From Andrew Matheson, Director

**July 1995**

=====================================================

****************
IN THIS ISSUE
****************

All go for Costa Rica meeting
American professionals reorganize
The web gets better and better

*************************************
SEE YOU IN CENTRAL AMERICA
*************************************

Last month I visited Costa Rica to work on arrangements for next year's
important meeting: the sixth IBRA conference on tropical bees;
management and diversity.  The local organizing committee at the
Universidad Nacional Costa Rica has arrangements well in hand for this
event.

We are working on discount airfares, have a startlingly cheap room rate at
the conference hotel, and are finalizing a comprehensive range of tour
packages.

Plans for the scientific content of the conference are also advanced, with
almost all session convenors confirmed and the programme planned in
outline.

Watch for the second announcement, due out in September, and
remember to start planning to be with us from 12 to 17 August 1996.

*******************************
AMERICAN ORGANIZATION
*******************************

Just landed on my desk is the latest newsletter of the American Association
for Professional Apiculturalists, AAPA.

For ten years the AAPA has united professionals in research, extension and
regulations to better serve the science and industry of US apiculture.  It's
had a chequered career, though, being much less active during some
periods than in others.  Now it is standing on the brink of a new era of
activity.

Marion Ellis, of the University of Nebraska, has formed an internal review
committee to evaluate the purpose and future activities of the group.  The
committee has carefully considered some important questions, and will be
making its recommendations at the combined meeting of AAPA and the
American Bee Research Conference in September.

I believe that professional associations like the AAPA are very important for
the well-being of the industry and the professionals serving it.  The
committee are to be congratulated for putting energy and considered
thought into these issues.

For further information on the AAPA/ABRC conference in September (in
Athens, Georgia), contact Keith Delaplane (who is president of the AAPA) at
ksd@uga.cc.uga.edu

To contribute to the discussion on AAPA's revitalization contact Marion Ellis
(mellis@unlinfo.unl.edu) or any other committee member; Bob Danka, Keith
Delaplane, James Bach, John Skinner, Marla Spivak, Tom Webster.

The current issue and all subsequent issues of the AAPA newsletter will be
available from 1 September on the University of Nebraska World Wide Web
pages (http://ianrwww.unl.edu/ianr/entomol/entdept.html).

To clarify the terms used, 'American' is used to refer only to the USA.
Whether 'apiculture' refers to management only of the honey bee or will
include non-apis bees is under discussion.

***************************
BUMBLE BEE MEETING
***************************

September might seem like a long time away, but you know how time flies
when you're having fun.  Our next IBRA meeting, Bumble bees for pleasure
and profit, is on 23 September and places are filling steadily.  Book soon if
you want to be sure of a seat.

The registration form was in the May B.mail and is available from us at
IBRA.

*****************************
SUBSCRIBING TO B.MAIL
*****************************

You are receiving this issue of B.mail either off a newsgroup, a mailing list
such as BEE-L, or directly from IBRA.  We are happy to continue supplying
it free of charge as a service, but you can make it a little easier for us.

Maintaining our ever-growing list of e.mail 'subscribers' to B.mail is getting
to be a big chore.  We would prefer you to receive this newsletter through
one of the mass distribution outlets, as it's easier for us to post it to a few
places than to send it to hundreds of subscribers.

If you receive B.mail directly but can get it off one of the group channels,
please let us know and we'll take your name off our list.  Thanks.

********************************************
BEEKEEPERS GATHER IN LAUSANNE
********************************************

Don't forget the 34th international apiculture congress in Lausanne,
Switzerland, from 15-19 August 1995.  For late booking information contact
the congress secretariat at Dentenbergstrasse 50, CH-3076 Worb,
Switzerland.

IBRA is organizing a symposium on world trade in bees and bee products
as part of this congress, to promote discussion on important issues facing
world beekeeping.  This symposium is sponsored by the British Honey
Importers and Packers Association.

We will also be at the trade exhibition Apiexpo 95, being held in conjunction
with the congress.  Come and see us on stand 189, at the foot of the
escalators.

************************
THE WEB SPREADS
************************

Response to IBRA's launch on to the World Wide Web was so enthusiastic
we've accelerated our plans for further development.  From 14 July you can
see stage 2 of the IBRA pages, with

Links to web pages interesting for beekeepers everywhere.

News of new book titles.

How to use BeeSearch, IBRA's powerful information retrieval service.

News of IBRA's library, including a list of all the journals we receive;
probably the most complete list of bee journals anywhere.

Archives and the current issue of B.mail.

Lots of information about IBRA's three journals, including guidelines for
authors and a detailed description of a format for references that can be
used by any journal.

Don't forget our address; http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/ibra/index.html

***********************************************
WHAT IS IBRA'S JOURNAL BEE WORLD?
***********************************************

We call Bee World the international link between beekeeping science and
practice.  That's the purpose of this journal, which is really like no other
journal in the world.  It takes the latest in bee science and beekeeping, and
provides topical reviews and digests which are relevant to people
everywhere.

Articles are written in a very readable style, without too much jargon.
Through them non-scientists can get access to a storehouse of new
knowledge and ideas.

You can be sure that what you read in Bee World is of high quality, as it is a
peer-reviewed journal.  This means that all articles have been examined by
independent experts of international renown, and revised if necessary,
before they are accepted for publication.

At the heart of Bee World are the review articles for which it is famous.
These bring together and assess all the material relevant to a particular
subject, so in one place you can cover all the latest information.  Our
reviews are written by experts who have experience with the subject and
are usually involved in active research in the field, so know the information
and understand its importance.

Bee World reviews stand for some years as the most useful digest of
information on their subject.  The extensive reference lists included with
each review also act as a bibliography for further reference.

In the news and views section called 'The Buzz', Bee World has a whole
range of interesting stuff from authors all over the place.  Sections include:
'Science roundup', 'Bee products', 'World news', 'Beekeeping around the
world' and 'Beekeeping techniques': with short articles (often with
references and one or two illustrations) on particular topics.

There is also a comprehensive guide to future international and national
meetings, with reports on some past meetings and items on places to visit
for beekeepers.

For subscription information or a sample copy contact ibra@cardiff.ac.uk.




Return address:
E.mail: ibra@cardiff.ac.uk
Fax: (+44) 1222-665522
Telephone: (+44) 1222-372409
Snailmail: 18 North Road, Cardiff CF1 3DY, UK

-- 
______________________________________
Adam Finkelstein 
adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu 


From YSTV04A@prodigy.com Thu Jul  6 12:06:21 EDT 1995
Article: 2178 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: YSTV04A@prodigy.com (Richard Mackie)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Attention Property Owners
Date: 5 Jul 1995 21:03:37 GMT
Organization: Prodigy Services Company  1-800-PRODIGY
Lines: 26
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3teun9$2bok@usenetp1.news.prodigy.com>
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X-Newsreader: Version 1.2

Upon assuming the office of President, Bill Clinton signed the Global 
Biodiversity Assessment, an agreement signed by 37 othetr nations, 
pledging to conserve the Biodiversity of the planet Earth. This agreement 
identifies over 37,000 areas, some over a million acres in size, that are 
to be set aside as Ecosystems. Human activity in these Ecosystems will be 
severely restricted or eliminated entirely.
The U.S. commitment to this pledge is the "Wildlands Project" being 
administered by the Dept of Interior. This project specifies that over 
50% of currently held private property in the U.S. will be placed under 
government administration through the regulatory process. The 
aforementioned private property will fall into one of the following 
catagories:
1) Strict Nature Preserve
2) National Park
3) National Monument/Natural Landscape
4) Managed Nature Reserve/Wildlife Sanctuary
5) Protected Landscape/Seascape

Through the Freedom of Information Act we have discovered the exact 
locations of the private property targeted for government acquisition 
through regulation. If you own property and are interested in knowing if 
the government intends to convert your property into one of the 
aforementioned catagories, leave your name and E-mail address in my E-
mail box.
Richard   ystv04a@prodigy.com



From jengascat@aol.com Thu Jul  6 12:06:22 EDT 1995
Article: 2179 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: jengascat@aol.com (JEngasCaT)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: The Multi Queen Environment
Date: 5 Jul 1995 14:17:09 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
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     Has anyone else used a two queen or more system with a minimal use of
minipulation and/or supervision?  Please post or email. Thanx.

-Jengas


From afrcngry@vnet.ibm.com Thu Jul  6 12:06:24 EDT 1995
Article: 2180 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: afrcngry@martin.raleigh.ibm.com
Newsgroups: news.groups,rec.animals.wildlife,rec.birds,rec.pets,rec.pets.birds,rec.pets.cats,rec.pets.herp,sci.agriculture,sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: 3rd RFD: misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations
Date: 5 Jul 1995 12:47:18 GMT
Organization: ISSC Southeast Region
Lines: 101
Distribution: world
Message-ID: <3te1km$kp7@sernews.raleigh.ibm.com>
References: <pimentel.532.039DE01E@roots.ultranet.com>
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Xref: bigblue.oit.unc.edu news.groups:132313 rec.animals.wildlife:4028 rec.birds:22566 rec.pets:34821 rec.pets.birds:37321 rec.pets.cats:97440 rec.pets.herp:38055 sci.agriculture:5495 sci.agriculture.beekeeping:2180

In <pimentel.532.039DE01E@roots.ultranet.com>, pimentel@roots.ultranet.com (John Pimentel) writes:
;>=====================================================================
;>This revision supercedes the 2nd RFD previously labeled:
;> 2nd RFD: rec.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations
;>
;>Is hereafter referred to as:
;> 3rd RFD: misc.animals.*/rec.pets.* organisations
;>
.. snip ...

;> Again, please do *not* vote now.  The voting process has not
;> begun, and your votes will be DISCARDED if you attempt to do
;> so.

I have yet to see a 'call for votes' on rec.pet.birds.  Most casual news group
followers are not aware of, nor do they follow 'news.groups'.  How about asking
the various news group participents their opinion, directly, and letting them vote
on the renaming!

.. snip ...


Why are the following groups (as indicated by a *) being created?

;>                       SECTION I
;>
;> Status : only misc.animals.info will be moderated
;>
;> Create the following groups:
;>
;>                misc.animals.misc
;>                misc.animals.farming.misc
;>                misc.animals.farming.birds.misc
;>                misc.animals.farming.birds.ratites
;>  (moderated)   misc.animals.info
;>                misc.animals.health
;>                misc.animals.marketplace
;>                misc.animals.wildlife.bears
;>                misc.animals.wildlife.felines
;>                misc.animals.wildlife.foxes
;>                misc.animals.wildlife.raccoons
;>                misc.animals.wildlife.marine-mammals
;>                misc.animals.wildlife.canines
*>                rec.pets.ferrets
*>                rec.pets.marketplace
*>                rec.pets.rabbits
*>                rec.pets.rodents.misc
*>                rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas
*>                rec.pets.rodents.hamsters
*>                rec.pets.support
:>

While the following groups are being renamed?

;>-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
;>
;>                          SECTION II
;>
;>Rename the entire rec.pets.* hierarchy to misc.animals.pets.*
;>
;>rec.pets ..................... to  misc.animals.pets.misc
;>rec.pets.birds ............... to  misc.animals.pets.birds
;>rec.pets.cats ................ to  misc.animals.pets.cats
;>rec.pets.dogs.activities ..... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.activities
;>rec.pets.dogs.behavior ....... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.behavior
;>rec.pets.dogs.breeds ......... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.breeds
;>rec.pets.dogs.health ......... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.health
;>rec.pets.dogs.info ........... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.info
;>rec.pets.dogs.misc ........... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.misc
;>rec.pets.dogs.rescue ......... to  misc.animals.pets.dogs.rescue
;>rec.pets.ferrets ............. to  misc.animals.pets.ferrets
;>rec.pets.herp ................ to  misc.animals.pets.herps
;>rec.pets.marketplace ......... to  misc.animals.pets.marketplace
;>rec.pets.rabbits ............. to  misc.animals.pets.rabbits
;>rec.pets.rodents ............. to  misc.animals.pets.rodents.misc
;>rec.pets.rodents.chinchillas . to  misc.animals.pets.rodents.chinchillas
;>rec.pets.rodents.hamsters .... to  misc.animals.pets.rodents.hamsters
;>rec.pets.support ............. to  misc.animals.pets.support
;>


;>RATIONALE:
;>
;>The internet is expanding expotentially with each passing day.
;>Therefore, we believe that now is the best time to create a
;>misc.animals.* hierarchy, due to the increasing traffic and variety
;>of posts found in the many existing animal newsgroups.  Our proposal
;>will create a flexible and easily expandable hierarchy called
;>misc.animals.* where a wide variety of topics concerning animals
;>can be discussed.
;>

While I agree that the internet is expanding, the naming convention being 
proposed makes no sense and is confusing.  Renaming 'rec.pets.'... to 'pets.'... 
is more meaningful and less confusing than to 'misc.animals.pets.'...!   Let's not
make it difficult for a person to find a group they are interested in.  Not all
News Readers have a search capability.

Ted Martin




From rclynn@aol.com Thu Jul  6 12:06:25 EDT 1995
Article: 2181 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
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From: rclynn@aol.com (RCLynn)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: Wintering a hive
Date: 5 Jul 1995 23:53:27 -0400
Organization: America Online, Inc. (1-800-827-6364)
Lines: 28
Sender: root@newsbf02.news.aol.com
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In article <3tct8q$m8g@ixnews5.ix.netcom.com>, eifert@ix.netcom.com
(Darrell Eifert) writes:

> he is stumped on how to help a
>hive survive the winter months in NC. 

I learned beekeeping in Ohio and then moved to NC, so I think that the
winters in NC are too mild!  

I have survived 5 winters in Greensboro, NC, in the Piedmont which is a
bit milder than the Mountains of Asheville.  The only thing he needs is
the reduce the entrances about the time of the first frost and make
certain that they have at least 30 pounds of stores.  Most old timers in
NC use a full depth hive body and a shallow super on top to overwinter.  I
prefer to use two full depth hive bodies to make sure that they have
plenty of stores.  No need to wrap in tar-paper of anything fancy, just
make sure that they have enough food.

Other points to remember, treat them for foul brood, Varroa, and tracheal
mites, and make sure that they have a good queen to take them through.

Randy Lynn
Blossom Ridge Bee Farm
5402 Ashbey Lane, Summerfield, North Carolina, USA 27358
Phone 910-643-4494, email RCLynn@AOL.COM
Sideline beekeeper with 35 hives.




From SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu Thu Jul  6 12:06:27 EDT 1995
Article: 2182 of sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Path: bigblue.oit.unc.edu!concert!gatech!news.mathworks.com!news.kei.com!ub!newserve!rebecca!uacsc2.albany.edu!SYSAM
From: SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu (Aaron Morris)
Newsgroups: sci.agriculture.beekeeping
Subject: Re: The Multi Queen Environment
Date: Thu, 06 Jul 95 07:17:02 EDT
Organization: University at Albany, Albany NY 12222
Lines: 58
Message-ID: <173D36672S86.SYSAM@uacsc2.albany.edu>
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In article <3tekv5$t3d@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
jengascat@aol.com (JEngasCaT) writes:
 
>
>     Has anyone else used a two queen or more system with a minimal use of
>minipulation and/or supervision?  Please post or email. Thanx.
>
>-Jengas
 
I'm in the middle of such an experiment.  I started a split on a hive in
April, and rather than moving the split off to another site I left it on
top of the original hive and have been running a two queen hive.  But I
can't say that there has been "minimal manipulations".  In fact, I doubt
I will try this again.  The hive is now well over my head (I'm six feet
tall) and hefting the top supers is a real chore and quite dangerous on
a step ladder.
 
I must say that the hive is producing copious amounts of honey (three
medium supers, three shallow supers and one deep) while my other hives
have not been producing nearly as much, but I'm not sure that the labor
is worth it.  I've been following the procedures outlined in
_The_Hive_and_the_Honeybee_ ('92 edition), which violate the minimal
manipulation/supervision clause above.  The procedures call for routine
switching of the brood chambers throughout the honey flow.  Unstacking
the hive requires a step ladder for the first three supers, and heavy
lifting over my head just to get to the first brood chamber (1 deep and
1 medium super) which I must set aside and unstack three more supers to
get to the bottom brood chamber (the original hive, two deeps).  To
further complicate matters, even though I used queen excluders to
confine the queens in both brood chambers, somehow the top queen got into
the honey supers.  I assume this happened while I was
unstacking/restacking the hive.  Once I discovered that the queen was
into the honey supers I tried keeping her there by putting a full super
above and below the supers in which she was laying.  The capped honey
supers did NOT confine her where she was, because she crossed over them
and started laying in newly added supers that contained foundation only!
And in the meantime, the bees continue to bring in more and more nectar
and I need to add more supers (gotta get a higher step ladder!) and I
find myself running low on spare honey supers (had to buy a lot of five
and assemble, paint, etc) in a rush.  I admit I was not prepared to
manage such a massive production of honey!  The last time I was shaking
around on the top of the step ladder I swore that I'd never again
attempt to manage such a hive.  I'd rather be managing two normal hives
with three supers each rather that being driven by this monster!  But
it's producing in a manner I have never seen in my 20 years of keeping
bees!
 
If I ever try this again I will be very careful to make sure
that the queens remain confined in their respective brood chambers, I
will have MANY extra honey supers waiting in the wings, and I will have
to do something to make the unstacking/restacking easier - perhaps
locate the hive next to my house so I can work the top from a second
story window!  This hive is truely a monster!  It stands about 9 feet
and I anticipate harvesting three hundred pounds or more by seasons end.
But it is major work compared to running a normal hive.  To quote the
raven, "Never more, never more!"
 
Aaron Morris - thinking two queens is one too many!


