Mendele: Yiddish literature and language ______________________________________________________ Contents of Vol. 3.167 December 15, 1993 1) Vegn daytshmerizmen (Reyzl Kalifowicz-Waletzky) 1)---------------------------------------------------- Date: Tue Dec 14 15:59:02 1993 From: Roslyn Kalifowicz-Waletzky <0005943838@mcimail.com> Subject: Re: Tsu Khaimen vegn daytshmerizmen Now for the specific points that Khaim makes. Az men shraybt do af yidish, fil ikh az ikh darf zikh bamiyen mit transliteratsye un entfern af yidish. >Ober a daytshmerizm tsu a daytshmerizm iz nisht glaykh. Ir un Berl Hoberman farmishn abisl daytshish-componentishe verter (fun MHG) mit daytshmerizmen (modernem daytsh). Ershtns, iz "frage" zeyer an alt Yiddish vort un tsveytns zenen do di vayterdike untersheydn tsvishn "frage", "shayle" un "kashe". A "shayle" iz a frage vos men fregt a rov vegn halokhishe oder religeze inyonim un ritualn. A "kashe" iz a frage vegn filosofishe oder abstrakte inyonim, vi lemoshl a nit-kinderishe retenish. A "frage" iz dos algemeyne vort far di reshte minim frages vos vern nit gedekt fun di verter "shayle" un "kashe". "Lezn", "onkl", un "tante" hobn ale dem zelbn drayikl in Waynraykhs verterbukh vos meynt "nit derlozlekh in der klal-shprakh", ober far dray farshidene sibes. "Lezn" hot a drayikl vayl es iz daythmerish un shtelt a sakone tsu dem altn yidishn vort "leynen". Vi vayt ikh vays, iz afile az dos vort "onkl" treft zikh oyf daytsh, iz es gevorn farshpreyt af yidish iber der hashpoe fun english un nisht azoy fun daytsh. Amerike iz geven ful mit raykhe shtitsndike feters vos hobn dermeglekht kumen un oyskumen in onkl Sam's amerike. Der amerikanizm hot a drayikl vayl es hot gehat a shtarkn koyakh aroystsushtoysn dem altn yidishn vort "feter". Der Columbia shprakh-atlas volt undz gedarft kenen zogn vi farshpreyt "onkl" iz oyser english-rednike lender. "Tante", iz a frantsoyzish vort vos iz arayn in rusish un dernokh in yiddish un shtelt a sakone tsu dem altn yidishn vort "mume", ober in gevise krayzn hot "tante" bakumen a spetsyele gezelshaftlikhe konotatsye legabe dos vort "mume". "Tante", dos naye "moderne" vort, hot a konotatsye fun yugnt, groys-shtetldikayt, un sufistikirung. "Mume" iz genutst far alte, altmodishe un traditsionele vayber. Ikh gedenk ven ikh hob zikh ersht oysgelernt az dos emese, alte yidishe vort iz "mume" un hob ongerufn mayn demolt 45 yerike tante Libe "mume", is mayn tante Libe gevorn zeyer baleydikt. "Ikh bin nisht keyn mume. Ikh bin tsu yung to zayn a mume," hot zi mir gezogt mit groys kaas. Blumke Kirschenblatt dertseylt vegn dem zelbn terminologishn hevdl in ir mishpokhe. Di diferentsirung tsvishn "mume" un "tante" volt men gekent farglaykhn mit der diferentsirung tsvishn "leynen" un "lezn". In beyde faln iz di diferentsirung a sotsyo-lingvistishe, ober ikh perzenlikh bin greyter ontsunemen "mume" vi a sinonim fun "tante" vi ikh bin greyt ontsunemen "lezn" vi a sinonim fun "leynen". Punkt farvos ken ikh nisht ingantsn oysdrukn oyf der minut. Ikh ken aykh zogn az "tante" hot zikh zeyer ayngevortslt in yidish un men gefint di zelbe tsugob verter vi "mume", lemoshl, "tanteshi", "tante-lebn" ober ikh bin in der minut nisht 100% zikher oyb es gefint zikh a "tantenyu". Ober mistame iz "tantenyu" oykh do. Dertsu trogt "Mume" nit dos historishe pekl vos "leynen"-- a pekl vos men vil azoy shtark bashitsn. Mistame hot der frierdiker dor gemeynt az "tante" iz shener vi "mume", ober nisht bay mir. Vi Blumke, hob ikh oykh gehat alte "mumes" un yunge "tantes" in mayn mishpokhe. Ikh hob keyn shum ideye nit farvos ir meynt az "tante" iz dialektish. >"Tante" iz ober epes andersh. Avade iz "mume" an elter vort, un >efsher derfar iz es shener oykh. Un in a sakh dialektn iz dos vort >"tante" nokh alts fremd un daytshmerish. In andere dialektn, ober, >iz dos shoyn gevorn dos tog-teglekhe vort, un "mume" nitst men zeyer >zeltn. Iz dos bay mir mer dialektish vi daytshmerish. Far mir perzenlikh iz "akhrayesdik" azoy gut vi "FARantvortlikh" efsher vayl dos iz eyne fun di zeltene daytshmerizmen vos iz arayngefaln in mayn oremer mishpokhe. "Akhrayesdik" (nit "akhrayes") gedenk ikh nisht hern oyf mayn yidisher gas, ober ikh lern beyde verter, un zog as "akhraysdik iz mer rekomondirt. "Lemoshl" iz punkt azoy gut vi "tsum bayshpil" ober azoy vi ikh darf oysveyln eyn vort tsu lernen, veyl ikh oys "lemoshl". Waynraykh hot a shvarts pintl, nit keyn drayikl bay "farantvortlikh" un "bayshpil/tsum bayshpil" vos meynt az s'iz do a sofik oyb zey zenen derlozlikh in der klal-shprakh. Es zet mir oys az zey zaynen gants farshpreyt. Ikh lern alemol "leynen" ober studentn fregn mikh kimat alemol vegn "lezn". Demolt zog ikh zey az s'iz beser tsu nutsn "leynen" vi "lezn". Eltere mentshn in mayne klasn vos nutsn shoyn "lezn", korigir ikh nisht. Di onheyber rekomendir ikh "leynen", ober ikh zog zey az zey veln oft hern oykh "lezn". >Ikh meyn az me darf kenen zogn "Dos vort iz bay mir beser fun >yenem", un nisht dafke ale mol "Dos vort tor men nisht nitsn." >Afile far di vos zenen maskem az "aynladn", "tsum bayshpil" un >"lezn" zenen nisht azoyne sheyne verter vi "farbetn", "lemoshl" un >"leyenen", blaybt eyn zakh klor: az me vil gut kenen yidish, MUZ men >kenen di verter. Ale fun zey. Vayl me hert zey, afile az me nitst >zey nisht. Un dos iz a teyl funem ashires fun der shprakh. Vi ir zet oybn, bin ikh maskem mit aykh az men darf ale verter kenen, ober men darf oykh farshteyn az estetic hot emes gornit tsu ton mit farvos daytshmerizmen vern oysgelozt fun yidishe lingvistn. Me lost zey oys vayl daytshmeristn hobn bekivendik geshtelt a shvartsn shotn oyf yidishe verter az zey zenen nisht azoy sheyn vi di daytshishe. Dortn ligt der hunt bagrobn. Reyzl Kalifowicz-Waletzky ______________________________________________________ End of Mendele Vol. 3.167 Mendele has 2 rules: 1. Provide a Subject: line. 2. Sign your article. Send submissions/responses to: mendele@yalevm.ycc.yale.edu Other business: nmiller@starbase.trincoll.edu Anonymous ftp archives available on: ftp.mendele.trincoll.edu in the directory pub/mendele/files