A N N O U C E M E N T O F A S Y M P O S I U M --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Frontier Science in EEG Symposium: C O N T I N U O U S W A V E F O R M A N A L Y S I S For scientists in the field of signal analysis in both biomedical and physical sciences. SATURDAY, OCTOBER 9, 1993 To be held in conjunction with the annual meeting of the American EEG Society NEW ORLEANS MARRIOTT NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA Sponsored by: University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Center for Continuing Education in the Health Sciences INTRODUCTION Electroencephalography (EEG) is the study of the electrical activity of the brain. The field of EEG includes the technology to record these electrical signals, the science to analyze them and the expertise to apply them to patient care. This symposium will explore the scientific frontiers related to EEG, presenting the latest research and thought with this year's topic being continuous waveform analysis. As advances in science and technology often involve collaboration among scientists from different fields, we are bringing together a diverse group of investigators, many from areas not conventionally associated with EEG, to actively encourage multidisciplinary research in EEG and foster new ideas. WHO SHOULD ATTEND This conference is designed for anyone dealing with signal analysis, especially neurologists, neurophysiologists, electroencephalographers, mathematicians, physicists, computer scientists, astronomers, and engineers. COURSE DIRECTORS ================ Richard M. Dasheiff, M.D. Univ. Pittsburgh Epilepsy Center email rmd@med.pitt.edu Diana Joan Major-Vincent, Ph.D. University of Pittsburgh email dvi@med.pitt.edu vincent@pittvms.bitnet Faculty ======= John K. Chapin, Ph.D. Dept. Physiology & Biophysics Hahnemann Univ. D. Kent Cullers, Ph.D. NASA/SETI Lester Ingber, Ph.D. Lester Ingber Research Ben Jansen, Ph.D. Department of Electrical Engineering University of Houston B. H. Juang, Ph.D. Supervisor, Speech Research Department AT&T Bell Labs Periklis Ktonas, Ph.D. Department of Electrical Engineering University of Houston Fernando Lopes da Silva, M.D., Ph.D. Institute of Neurobiology The Netherlands Paul L. Nunez, Ph.D. Brain Physics Group Department of Biomedical Engineering Tulane University School of Engineering Edward T. Olsen, Ph.D. NASA/JPL Robert D. Sidman, Ph.D. Department of Mathematics University of Southwestern Louisiana M. Victor Wickerhauser, Ph.D. Dept. Mathematics Washington Univ. [ Conflict of Interest Disclosure Statement ] [ In accordance with the policies on disclosure of the Accreditation Council ] [ for Continuing Medical Education and the Faculty Advisory Committee for ] [ Continuing Education in the Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, ] [ presenters for this program have identified no personal relationships which,] [ in the context of their topics, could be perceived as real or apparent ] [ conflict of interest. ] PROGRAM for SATURDAY OCTOBER 9, 1993 7:00 - 7:30am - Registration with continental breakfast 7:45am - Introduction: Richard Dasheiff,M.D. Univ. of Pittsburgh Focus is on continuous, time-series, alternating current/signals. Standing potentials (DC EEG), Evoked Potentials, Non-Stationary Processes, Epilepsy, Intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring, etc., will be topics for future symposia. 7:55am - Moderator: Diana Major-Vincent, Ph.D. Univ. of Pittsburgh 8:00am - Biophysics of the EEG and Neural networks: Fernando Lopes da Silva, M.D., Ph.D. Univ. of Amsterdam This talk will address the relationship between dynamic aspects of the biological generators of the EEG and the structural constraints imposed by the anatomy of the brain (a non-homogeneous, irregularly shaped structure) and of the surrounding tissues. Topics include the effect these biological structures have on signal degradation, the differences in signals from intracranial and extracranial recording (spatial and temporal dispersion, S/N, voltage loss, extraneous noise), and how these affect recording and modeling of the EEG. 8:40am - History of source localization and bioelectric imaging: Robert Sidman, Ph.D. Univ. of Southwestern Louisiana What should a mathematical model of the EEG do? An early model, "nonlinear oscillations and the EEG", Dewan's 1964 paper may have been chaos 30 years before its time. Source localization in the time domain (dipole localization methods) offers a parsimonious model requiring few assumptions, but has limitations. Imaging or topographical mapping methods in the spatial domain such as CIT and the Spline-Laplacian are also presented with a discussion of the mathematical ideas that led to CIT. Many of the methods for analyzing the EEG have their roots in a few seminal research papers. I will discuss these papers and their relationship to "modern" techniques. 9:20am - Computer-based EEG pattern recognition: Periklis Ktonas, Ph.D. Univ. of Houston Computer-based recognition of specific EEG signals (e.g. spindles, spikes) in multichannnel EEG records has relied on mathematical techniques (e.g. spectral analysis, "optimum" filtering) and on heuristic "mimetic" approaches, including expert system-based methods. Recently, nonlinear discriminant analysis methodologies under the broad term "neural networks" have been tried as well. This presentation will focus on the pitfalls, achievements and overall usefulness of the above techniques. 10:00 - 10:20am Coffee Break 10:30am - Spatial Analysis of EEG: Paul Nunez, Ph.D. Tulane Univ. The field of scalp recorded EEG spans about nine orders of magnitude of temporal scale (Ktonas, Dasheiff), but spatial resolution is limited to several cm's (Sidman). Neocortical dynamics evidently involves neural interactions at multiple spatial scales (Lopes da Silva), with effects that cross hierarchical levels from microscopic to the macroscopic scale of scalp EEG (Ingber). Modern measures of dynamic function based on a small number of EEG channels may result in a distorted view of this dynamics (Jansen, Ingber, Juang). The severe limitations of conventional EEG and new methods which increase spatial resolution by about a factor of three are reviewed. The ways in which this vast amount of new information may be used in clinical and cognitive studies is considered. The implications of recording strategy for various estimates of dynamic function are emphasized. 11:10am - Chaos and Quantitative EEG Analysis: Ben H. Jansen, Ph.D Univ. of Houston Support for a nonlinear and/or chaotic nature of the human electroencephalogram (EEG) is reviewed. It is argued that dimension calculations and other classical methods to assess chaos are not reliable in the case of EEG data because it is impossible to ascertain that the system (i.e., the brain) is time-invariant and that it displays asymptotic behavior during the interval of observation. Despite the lack of hard scientific evidence, there are ample reasons to conclude that the EEG is produced by a nonlinear, possibly chaotic, (deterministic) system. The implications of this change from a (stochastic) to a deterministic viewpoint of EEG generation on the practice of visual and quantitative EEG interpretation is discussed. It is argued that conventional EEG analysis techniques will have to be revised and that previously reported findings need to be reinterpreted in the light of the chaotic or nonlinear nature of the EEG. 11:50am - 12:20pm Panel Discussion 12:20 - 1:20pm Lunch (included in tuition) 1:20pm - Wavelets, Adapted Waveforms, and Denoising: Victor Wickerhauser, Ph.D. Washington Univ. The goal is to describe some new libraries of waveforms well- adapted to various numerical analysis and signal processing tasks. The main point of this presentation is that by expanding a signal in a library of waveforms which are well-localized in both time and frequency, one can achieve both understanding of structure and efficiency in computation. The talk will briefly cover the properties of the new "wavelet" and "localized trigonometric" libraries. The main focus will be applications of such libraries to the analysis of complicated transient signals: a feature recognition algorithm based on fast approximate principal factor analysis, a feature extraction and data compression algorithm for acoustic signals which uses best- adapted time-frequency decompositions, and a wavelet-based denoising algorithm for passive sonar and music. These signals share many of the same features as EEG traces, and the algorithms are directly useful for that application as well. 2:00pm - Multiple Scales of EEG: Lester Ingber, Ph.D. Lester Ingber Research Each neuron generates an electrical signal which can be recorded locally. However, distant electrodes cannot resolve each neuron, but rather see a blurred average. Can the loss of information through temporal and spatial dispersion, as well as voltage loss and frequency filtering be compensated. The speaker will discuss his physical assumptions about the brain, and his modeling using probability functions and spatial scaling. The algorithms use numerical techniques and have been made public. "A statistical mechanics of neocortical interactions (SMNI) has been fit to EEG data using a robust numerical algorithm, Very Fast Simulated Reannealing (VFSR), now in NETLIB and STATLIB. A related generic algorithm of mesoscopic neural networks (MNN) establishes nodes of macrocolumnar activity to articulate the popular scaled dipole model." 2:40pm - Use of multivariate statistical techniques to characterize oscillatory states in simultaneously recorded neuronal ensembles: John K. Chapin, Ph.D. Hahnemann Univ. Neuronal signals are recorded from many cells. The phase relation of these signals is mapped onto the physical space in which the cells occupy. This 3-dimensional representation (2-D space, 1-D phase) reveals differences with changes in the animals physiologic state (comparison is made between two time points). This may represent a higher order encoding which the brain uses for transmitting information. 3:20 - 3:40pm Coffee Break 3:50pm - Parallel Signal Processing in the Search for Extra- Terrestrial Intelligence: D. Kent Cullers, Ph.D. NASA/SETI NASA's targeted High Resolution Microwave Survey (HRMS) Project tests for very weak, narrow features submerged in broad band cosmic noise. It searches at rates equivalent to reading one Encyclopedia Britannica per second. The highly parallel hardware and computational methods used to extract narrow features may applications in analysis of medical data. 4:30pm - HRMS Sky Survey Techniques: Separating the Rare Interesting Signal from the Multitude of Background Signals: Edward Olsen, Ph.D. NASA/JPL The NASA High Resolution Microwave Survey (HRMS) Sky Survey will survey the sky over the frequency range 1 GHz to 10 GHz. Very little of this band is protected from human transmissions. Thus many human transmissions, which are of absolutely no interest to the HRMS Project, will be encountered during the survey. The problem becomes that of searching for a bronze needle in a very large straw haystack. I will describe the techniques we have developed for identifying an interesting signal against a background that contains a multitude of dynamic signals, using temporal, spatial and characteristic filtering. 5:10pm - Hidden Markov Models for Signal Analysis - Fred Juang,Ph.D. AT&T Time series analysis, particularly one that pertains to real world signals, involves characterization of local as well as global properties of the data. By local property, on the one hand, we mean the regularity manifested in the data over a short time window as in the case of speech, or in a limited area at the vicinity of a certain spatial point as in the case of image signals. Our interest in the global property, on the other hand, is twofold: the aggregate characteristics of the signal accumulated over a potentially infinite period of time or space, and the dynamic relationship among the locally observed regularities as a (temporal or spatial) sequence of events. The method of hidden Markov modeling is a well developed framework which allows us to find, simultaneously and consistently, both local and global properties of a signal. It has been successfully applied to the problem of automatic speech recognition and may prove useful for EEG signal analysis. 5:50pm - Panel Discussion 6:15pm - Adjourn 6:15pm - 7:00pm RECEPTION Continuing Education Credit The Center for Continuing Education in the Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to sponsor continuing medical education for physicians. The Center for Continuing Education in the Health Sciences designates this continuing medical education activity for 8.5 credit hours in Category 1 of the Physician's Recognition Award of the American Medical Association. This program is eligible for 5.5 credit hours under Category 2-A of the American Osteopathic Association. Nurses and other health professionals are awarded .85 Continuing Education Units (CEUs). Location New Orleans Marriott 555 Canal Street New Orleans, LA 70140 Telephone: (504) 581-1000 Fax: (504) 581-5749 The New Orleans Marriott is an award-winning, full-service convention hotel located in the heart of New Orleans. The hotel's elegant decor reflects its romantic French Quarter location. Accommodations A block of rooms has been reserved for registrants at the New Orleans Marriott. The rate is $148 for a single room and $168 for a double room, plus tax. When calling for reservations, please state that you are attending the Frontier Science in EEG symposium to receive these reduced rates. Room availability cannot be guaranteed after September 9, 1993. Other hotels in the area: Clarion Hotel New Orleans 1500 Canal Street New Orleans, LA 70112 Telephone: (504) 522-4500 Toll free: (800) 824-3359 Single or double room rate: $80, plus tax (Please say that you are attending the Frontier Science in EEG symposium to receive this rate. Room availability cannot be guaranteed after September 8, 1993.) Days Inn 1630 Canal Street New Orleans, LA 70112 Telephone: (504) 586-0110 Toll free: (800) 232-3297 Single or double room rate: $85, plus tax Local Transportation The New Orleans Marriott is a twenty-minute drive from the New Orleans International Airport. Taxi service between the airport and the hotel costs approximately $18 one way, and shuttle service is available for $7. If you are driving, the hotel can be reached via interstate 10. The hotel is also convenient to public transportation: city transit buses pass in front of it, and the St. Charles Avenue streetcar, the city's last electric trolley, passes one block away. REGISTRATION INFORMATION Tuition: $55 Professionals $35 Medical residents, pre- or postdoctoral students, and technologists Tuition includes: Registration and course materials * Continuing education credit * Continental breakfast * Lunch * Refreshments * Reception following the program Full tuition must accompany the registration form. A $25 administrative fee will be deducted from all refunds for cancellations. No refunds can be issued once the program has begun. Registration must be done by surface mail. Please download a hardcopy of the following Registration Form, or a brochure which includes a registration form may be requested from: Diane Applegate UPMC Department of Conference Management Nese-Barkan Building, Fifth Floor 3811 O'Hara Street Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2593 Telephone: (412) 647-8263 FAX: (412) 647-8222 *************************REGISTRATION FORM********************************** Frontier Science in EEG Symposium October 9, 1993 Social Security No. __________________________________________________ Name _________________________________________________________________ Address ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ City _________________________________________________________________ State _____________________________ Zip _____________________________ Country ______________________________________________________________ Telephone (______)____________________________________________________ Fax (______)__________________________________________________________ Specialty ____________________________________________________________ Degree _______________________________________________________________ Institutional Affiliation ____________________________________________ Check here if you require a vegetarian lunch. 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