User Help File for Reading HXWZ on the Mac ========================================== Compiled By: Jack Z. Sun GR4486@SIUCVMB First Posting: Feb. 1991 Second Revision: Feb. 1992 Third Revision: July 5, 1993. TABLE OF CONTENTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. What do you need to read HXWZ on the Mac 2. Transferring HXWZ files to your Mac 3. Reading/editing/printing 4. APPENDIXES A1. Decoding UUEncoded HXWZ files A2. Where to get the Chinese Operating System A3. Getting the programs A4. Acknowledgment ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. What do you need: System Requirement (minimal) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 1.1. A Macintosh Plus or above (Classic, SE, SE/30 ...). At least 2 megabyte (2048k) of RAM (chip memory, not disk storage space) is required to edit Chinese files with the Chinese Operating System; 1 megabyte is OK if you only want to read/print Chinese articles; 1.2. Read and print: MacViewHZ package; ** Read only: VersaTerm on UNIX mainframe; SubTitle; 1.3. Read/print/edit: The Macintosh Chinese Operating System, "Beijing" (simplified version for GB files and "Taipei" (traditional) version for Big5 files. System versions 6.0.x are required. For those Macs that only accept system 7.0 and above, Worldscrip (system 7.1) is required. (ChineseTalk II is only available in BIG5 version.) 1.4. QRead DA, or Tex-Edit, or MacWrite 4.x. 1.5. Programs "UUTool", "UULite" for decoding CCMAN-L HXWZ files on the Mac (optional). ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Transferring HXWZ files to your computer ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 2.1. Transfer HXWZ files to your local mainframe account There are two ways that you can get the HXWZ GB coded files: through subscription to HXWZ broadcasting, or through anonymous FTP to ifcss.org or cnd.org - HXWZ files are archived on both FTP (file- transfer-protocol) sites. Here is how to transfer files to your local site that supports FTP operations. (words inside <...> indicate commands. means "hit the Enter key"). , wait for "User" prompt; , wait for password prompt. Type your mainframe ID (userid), -- change directory to HXWZ file archives. -- list the files in that directory. -- set the transfer mode to binary. -- copy a file to your acct. -- end ftp session. Note: 1. In "GET filename.gb" line, "filename" should be the name of the Guobiao file, such as "cm9301d.gb". It must be EXACTLY the same with what you see on the file list (case sensitive). 2. Local file name and type are optional since the remote files have two-part identifiers, such as README.GB; 3. Make sure you have enough space on your local account when you want to get multiple files (using MGET command). 4. Use binary mode for all files in the hxwz directory; 2.2. Transfer files from Mainframe to your Mac 2.2.1 If your Mac is connected DIRECTLY (not through phone line) to internet network, you should be able to get the files directly to your Mac using MacTCP supporting programs (Fetch is a good one); 2.2.2 If you have to use a modem for transmission, it's up to you to decide a program suitable for your Mainframe connection. MacKermit, MicroPhone, VersaTerm etc. as long as they support Kermit protocol that most Mainframe computers use to transfer files. Instructions are usually available at local computing facilities. Make sure that you download HXWZ files in BINARY mode, save as TEXT file in DATA fork. ....................................................................... 3. Reading/Editing/Printing HXWZ files ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 3.1 Read/print with MacViewHZ One of the basic programs for reading HXWZ .gb files on the Macintosh is "MacViewHZ" written by Chen Xiaodong. MacViewHZ is a viewing/printing program with its own Ziku (library) files to read and print GB/BIG5/HZ coded Chinese without running a Chinese Operating System. The program has a very simple, straight forward user interface for reading GB/BIG5/HZ files: 1. Launch the program; 2. Pull down Open command from FILE MENU; 3. Open your HXWZ file; 4. Use the vertical scroll bar to browse the text; 5. Close the window by clicking on the little squire box on the top-left corner of the text window); 6. Pull down Quit from the FILE MENU to leave the program. Note 1. This program is capable of reading both GB and BIG5 coded files. For the context of HXWZ reading, you need only the Ziku files for GB text inside the MacViewHZ Folder("cclib.16" and "newziku.24"). Note 2. If the downloaded binary HXWZ files do not show up on the list in the Open dialog box, you may need to change the file TYPE to TEXT with some utility programs. Quite a few items can do this job: Typer/Creator (ftp: 36.44.0.6, /info-mac/util), ResEdit (ftp: 130.43.2.3, /sdt/mac/tools), DiskTop (from CE software), etc. *** Note 3. UUdecoding the distributed HXWZ files on the Macintosh If the CCMAN-L broadcasting is your only source of HXWZ files, you need to decode those uuencoded files. Programs like UUtool, UUlite, Clipboard Magician etc. can be used for that purposes. UUlite is especially easy to use (ftp: 36.44.0.6, /info-mac/util). Read later sections for details. *** Note 4. Correct discrimination of ASCII and BINARY files If you ftp files from a remote site, look at the suffix of the archived files. Files ending with .gb, .PS, .sit, .cpt are all likely in Binary form. Other Binary suffix include .zip (DOS), .Z (UNIX),etc. Files ending with .hqx, .txt are always ASCII TEXT files. The rule of thumb is always get ASCII file in ASCII mode, Binary files in Bin mode unless your particular program requires the opposite. Files ending with .sit are compressed with "StuffIt". Files ending with .cpt are compressed with "Compactor Pro". Files ending with .hqx are Binhex encoded for data communication. Shareware program "StuffIt Expander" can handle all the above three types. (It will decode .hqx files and decompress .sit and .cpt files). StuffIt Expander is available at the info-mac archives (ftp: 36.44.0.6, /info-mac/util). 3.1.1 Read only through terminal programs If you are using VersaTerm dial up to a UNIX mainframe, you can read the HXWZ text directly on the terminal screen without having to download it to the Mac, if the HXWZ file is on .gb format. To do so, you need to run a UNIX program ChiRK on the UNIX side, which supports Chinese character display. You need to uudecode the HXWZ file on the UNIX if you receive it from CCMAN distribution. ChiRK program is available on the ifcss side (ftp: ifcss.org, directory: /software/unix/viewer). (Note: we don't have an UNIX connection so I have not tried this.) 3.2 Read/print/edit HXWZ files with Tex-Edit. Tex-Edit is a shareware editor capable of reading/printing Chinese files, if you have a Chinese Operating System installed. Startup the Mac with the Chinese OS Open Tex-Edit program OPEN a HXWZ TEXT file Select the whole document (hold-down Cmd key and press A) Select Beijing font for the text Select a readable size for printing if you wish 3.3 Using QRead DA (Desk Accessory under the Apple menu) This Desk Accessory is a "TEXT editor" in nature. It can edit or print files larger than 32k (most TEXT editors won't), and can convert between GB and HZ format. To read/print a Chinese file, do this: Install the DA; Pull down QRead from menu; Open the HXWZ file; If the display is not in Chinese, choose "Beijing" font; Print the file if you wish. Note: QRead can read files larger than 32k. However, you need to decide if you want the file be truncated or "read only". Select "read only" would not allow any editing (probably this is just enough for most of us). Truncate would cut the file to display the first 32k of the file. Chinese OS is required for QRead DA. You can also use other TEXT Editors to read the Chinese files if you don't mind reading 28k at one time. Shareware DAs that can be used include "miniWriter", "FlashWriter", "MacSink", etc. 3.4 Reading HXWZ .HZ format files on the Macintosh HXWZ is also broadcasted in HZ format (CMUWA-L). Mac users can also subscribe to this distribution list and read the .hz files on the Macintosh computers. MacViewHZ is capable of reading HZ coded files, and the operations are the same as we have discussed in the above section. So if you have got MacViewHZ, you are all set for both GB and HZ versions of HXWZ articles. One other basic programs to read HZ files is "SubTitle" written by Ed Lai. "SubTitle" is capable of reading on-line .hz files with or without a Chinese Operating System. This program is available from the Apple ftp site (130.43.2.3, /pub/lai). When you are displaying a HZ coded HXWZ file on your screen through a terminal program, the terminal program draws the HZ coded Chinese in ASCII form. While the SubTitle program is running in the background, it captures the ASCII text and decode it and displays in Chinese. This program is designed for System 7, so you will always be running it with another program that displays the ASCII text. As a matter of fact, SubTitle can handle all GB, BIG5, HZ and zW formats. So if you don't have a Chinese Operating System installed but you need to display a text that contains Chinese characters, run this program together with your English TEXT editor. When you "copy" a paragraph that contains Chinese, the Chinese will be displayed on the SubTitle window (Check the "Auto Paste" Option under the EDIT menu). Note: SubTitle has the same display Ziku file that MacViewHZ uses - "cclib.16". So you can display Chinese characters in Chinese without a Chinese System. However, if you do have a Chinese System installed, you have the option of using Beijing font for screen display. Note 2. Check the "Auto Paste" command under the Edit menu. This would enable the program to automatically decode and display the Chinese text when you copy a block of it from an English editor in the front. If your Mac is directly connected to the internet, you might be able to use NewsWatcher, a program capable of decoding HZ coded on-line displays. This program requires the Chinese Operating System. NewsWatcher is available at ifcss site.(/software/mac/viewer) You can also try HZTerm, a terminal program that supports GB, HZ and ZW coding. Requires Chinese Operating System. This program is also available at ifcss site.(/software/mac/viewer) Another way of reading HZ HXWZ is to use terminal programs that support Tektronix emulation, if you are connected to an UNIX host mainframe running an UNIX program ChiRK. This would allow you to read HXWZ files (both .gb and .hz files) on the terminal screen without downloading them to your Mac. ChiRK program is available on the ifcss side (ftp: ifcss.org, directory: /software/unix/viewer). Mac programs that support this emulation include VersaTerm (commercial), GrafTerm (shareware), to name a few. GrafTerm is available on the ifcss site. ....................................................................... ================ APPENDIXES ================= A1. Decoding UUEncoded HXWZ files A2. Where to get the Chinese Operating System A3. Getting the programs A4. A sample session of reading HXWZ A5. Acknowledgment A1: Decoding UUEncoded HXWZ files ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Read this section only if you get the HXWZ package from CCMAN-L subscription, or you get files from a ftp site which are uuencoded. Please note that files that are uuencoded need to be transferred in ASCII mode, not Binary mode. A1.1 UUdecoding on the Mac with UUTool Obtain the program "UUTools" or ïUUliteÀ from the net work; Transfer the uuencoded HXWZ files in ASCII mode from to your Mac; Decode the files with UUTools. UUTool is VERY easy to use: Launch the program; Pull down "File" menu; Select "Decode..."; Select source file and save output file. A1.2 UUdecoding with Clipboard Magician: Put "Magic Wand" file to your Chinese System Folder; Install "Alchemist" DA; Pull down menu to activate "Clipboard Magician"; Double-Click "Read TEXT file" in the main panel; Select the source HXWZ file; Click at the main panel; Double-Click "uudecode" in the main panel; Paste the clipboard content to a TEXT editor. Note: 1. The instruction file that comes with the Magician package has more detailed information. Please read the instruction file for other operations. 2. Files in hxwz directory are in straight GB format that can be read by TEXT editors directly. ....................................................................... A2: More about the Macintosh Chinese Operating Systems ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Apple has released numerous versions of the Chinese System. In any event, one would need at least 2 megabyte of RAM (chip memory) and a hard disk to use those Chinese Systems. *** Chinese System for older Macs (6.0.x) ChineseTalk (Beijing version) is designed for system 6.0.x. If you use Mac Plus, SE, SE/30, II, IIx, IIcx, IIci, Portable, Classic - you can use this system. ChineseTalk (Beijing) is a GB based operating system that supports several input schema, such as Pinyin, Stroke, Telegram etc. Ed Lai's Cihui Input module is another widely appraised input method. When you have the Chinese System files installed, your complete display (including all the menu items on the Finder) could be in Chinese if you choose to do so. However, if your primary environment is English, you can also incorporate the Chinese capability into your English System - a combined English/Chinese system that provides an English environment yet also capable for Chinese processing. To build this combined system, follow these steps: 1. Install the Chinese system to a hard disk using the Installer; 2. Install the "Minimal" English system of the same version onto the Chinese system; 3. Copy the Ziku (dict, or lib) files to the system folder; 4. Go to Control Panels to configure the default input method; 5. Restart the Mac. With a Chinese system installed, you can input Chinese into any program as long as it's "script compatible" (conform to Apple's international scripting rules). However, at least in the English speaking world, word processing programs are usually not compatible with the Chinese script. Among the "very few" exceptions are "AllScript" (also known as Xiao Maque - tiny bird) by Hua Yuan Technology (Beijing), and TurboWriter (GB version). Aside from these commercial, usually quite expensive packages, most TEXT editors ARE script compatible, and most of them are DAs (desk accessory under the apple menu). These little programs do not have much fancy styling features (no varying text styles, no different line spacing, etc.). But they can be used for simple tasks such as writing a letter, a short paper, etc. They are enough for anyone who wants to contribute an article to HXWZ. Here is an incomplete list of those little programs: QRead DA, miniWriter DA, JoliWrite DA, FlashWrite CDEV, MacSink DA, and of course, my favorite editor Tex-Edit. QRead DA by Wang Huangxin is a good example. This DA can read both HZ and GB files, and can read files larger than 32k (popular limit for file size among those small editors). It also converts HZ and GB format back and forth. This program is free and available at the ifcss site. *** Chinese System for newer Macs (7.1) For those who happen to have those newer Mac models (Classic II or later models) that can only run system 7 or 7.1, you will have to use the other variation of Chinese System: WorldScript Chinese module (simplified Chinese). System 7.1 is labeled as "World Ready" - supports all non-Roman languages. The Simplified Chinese script is again a GB system. This system is yet to be officially released shortly in the US. The major advantage of WorldScript version is that it supports TrueType Chinese fonts - an outline font format that allows high- resolution printout of Chinese fonts on any printers (some label it as PostScript font for non-postscript printers). Two major word processors have committed support to this new script system: Nisus and WordPerfect for Macintosh. The respective versions are Nisus 3.4 and WordPerfect 2.1.3. Here is the latest news regarding Worldscript - Chinese module(s): -------- Forwarded msg --------- Date: Thu, 1 Jul 1993 18:45:00 -0500 From: Kevin Miller Subject: Chinese 7.1 Golden Master arrives! The July Developer CD appears to have the complete Chinese 7.1 software in what is termed the "Golden Master" (presumably final) version. It has 26.9 megabytes of Simplified Chinese software (mostly fonts), and 11.5 megabytes of Traditional Chinese software (not as many fonts, it seems), as well as Quicktime 1.5 for the Simplified Chinese system 7.1 I don't know how much Apple is planning to charge for a Chinese 7.1 software kit, but I suspect the price will be comparable to that of the DeveloperCD series (I think they've lowered the cost to about $150, but I may be wrong; I paid about $250 for it). -------- End of msg --------- A2.1 Sources that one can get the Chinese System 1. APDA (Apple Programmer and Developer's Association) APDA distribute D E V E L O P magazine with a CD for each issue. The ChineseTalk 6.0.7 was first released on #6 (1991). Price for the back issues are $10 each (plus S/H). APDA: 1-800-282-2732 Fax orders: 815-734-4205 E-Mail: dev.subs@applelink.apple.com 2. Linguist Software Linguist Software carries several versions of Chinese System Call or write for price and availability: (206) 775-1130 P.O.Box 580 Edmonds, WA 98020-0580 3. Pacific Rim company Pacific Rim sells TurboWriter (both GB and BIG5 versions), also distributes the Chinese Operating System for the Macintosh. 1-800-745-0911 Note: An alternative to the Apple Operating System is Xia Li Ba Ren (BYX) for the Macintosh (commercial product). This package is distributed by EasternWell Technology Inc. in Michigan. The resent version 1.5 allows some page layout tasks beside word processing, and without the Chinese System. EasternWell Technology Inc. 6448 Eagle Ridge Kalamazoo, MI 49004 1-800-964-7724 (fax) 616-349-4601 ...................................................................... A3: Getting the programs for reading/decoding HXWZ files ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ A3.1 Downline is a program that you may need to get most of the programs in usable form, if you haven't got StuffIt Expander. To use Downline: double click on its icon pull down "Options" from FILE menu configure the input/output directory and other preferences click "Do It" button If you have .hqx files in your "input directory", Downline would un-hqx them and unstuff them. Next time when you run Downline, it would do the operations automatically if you have files in the input-directory. "Bad" files are kept in a separate directory for further manipulation. A3.2 StuffIt Expander is another widely used program for file decompression, as well as decoding files in .hqx .cpt .sea formats. Both Downline and Stuffit Expander can be found at 36.44.0.4 site, in /info-mac/util directory. They are all in ASCII format. NOTE: Some users are caught on a catch-22 situation: They don't have StuffIt so they cannot un-hqx or unstuff the above mentioned programs even if they have downloaded them. There are two options for this group of users: 1. Get a copy of StuffIt from local Apple dealers. The program is a shareware, so they should not charge you much; 2. Get hold of another Mac user to obtain a copy. ........................................................................ A4: Acknowledgment ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ This Help file has been compiled with information from all over the world. Credits ought to be given to the following individuals: Ming Yau So (mings@cs.uoregon.edu), Mac expert. Petter Bryder Weng (Peter.Bryder@teol.lu.se), Mac expert, developer. Jiuhuai Lu (jiuhuai@eleazar.dartmouth.edu), Mac expert. Ed Lai (lai@apple.com), Mac developer, author of Clipboard Magician. MINGHUI YAO (YAOM@ASUCPS), HXWZ editor. Huangxin Wang (wang@penn.physics.edu), Mac expert, author of QRead. Rupert Zhu (RZHU@Watmath.waterloo.edu), HXWZ editor, computer guru. Xing Li (went back to Beijing) Mac developer, author of MacHanzi. Liedong Zheng (lz@flynn.chem.columbia.edu), CND and CCIC volunteer; Chen Xiaodong (xchen@holonet.net), Mac guy... and many other individuals that I don't have their names handy. Without their input this file would not have been possible. Clipboard Magician is Written by Ed Lai at Apple Computer Inc., dedicated to the fighters for democracy in China; QRead is written by Huangxin Wang of University of Pennsylvania, who has decided to sell his Mac Plus for some beer, if nobody else helps. UUTool is written by Bernie Wieser of Octavian Micro Development Group. MacViewHZ is written by Chen Xiaodong. All programs are copyrighted by their respective authors. Some are free some of them may requires shareware fees. Please support shareware so we all can benefit from it. *********************************************************************** Disclaimer: I have no connection with any of the companies and/or organizations mentioned in this file. All opinions expressed in the software or the HXWZ magazine are their authors or their publishers, not mine. This file is meant to be updated to cover new information. Please feel free to send your feedback/comment to me for future revision. Jack Z. Sun, MBA Information Systems Manager Project 12-Ways Southern Illinois University at Carbondale or (618) 453-1092 Fax: (618) 453-8271 ***********************************************************************