Chapter I
The Canadian Militia On the Eve of War

Footnotes

(All files cited are those of the Department of National Defence, Ottawa, unless otherwise specified.)

1. Col. A. F. Duguid, Official History of the Canadian Forces in the Great War 1914-1919, General Series, Vol. I (Ottawa, 1938), viii.

2. Report of the Department of National Defence, Canada, for the Fiscal Year ending March 31, 1926 (Ottawa, 1926), page 95.

3. Ibid., 1938, pages 12-13.

4. C.E.F. Routine Order No. 1913, 23 Apr 19.

5. Table "J", H.Q. 426-16-1, vol. 1.

6. Memorandum "The Defence of Canada" by Maj.-Gen. A. G. L. McNaughton, 28 May 35, in McNaughton Papers, Historical Section (G.S.), Army Headquarters, Ottawa.

7. Half-Yearly Strength Statement N.P.A.M., 1 Jan 31-30 Jun 31, McNaughton Papers, Book "C"; Report of D.N.D., 1931, page 45.

8. General Staff "Memorandum on the Land Forces of Canada, 1930", Part II, McNaughton Papers, Book "C".

9. Note 6, above. First version dated 5 May 35, revised version 28 May 35.

10. Letter in The Times (London), 5 Nov 48.

11. Supplementary Estimates for the Fiscal Year ending March 31, 1936, 3. Report of D.N.D., 1936, page 14.

12. "The Requirements of Canadian Defence--A Review of the Present Position" (Copy in Mackenzie Papers, file X-4, Public Archives of Canada).

13. Mackenzie to King, 4 Sep 36, ibid., file CNS-57.

14. Canada: Estimates for the Fiscal Year ending March 31, 1937 (Ottawa, 1936), 26.

15. Statement by the Prime Minister, House of Commons, 19 Feb 37. Order in Council P.C. 2097, 20 Aug 36.

16. Memoranda of 12 Nov 35 (above, note 12) and 22 Apr 36, Mackenzie Papers, file X-4.

17. "Memorandum on the Land Forces of Canada, 1930", above, note 8.

18. H.Q.S. 5199, vol. 4.

19. "The Requirements of Canadian Defence: A review of the position as of April 22nd, 1936", by Maj.-Gen. E. C. Ashton, Mackenzie Papers, file X-4.

20. Ibid.

21. C.G.S. to Minister, "Canadian Defence Requirements", 15 Jul 38, Mackenzie Papers, file X-4.

22. "The Requirements of Canadian Defence: A Review of the Position as of 1 January 1937", by Maj.-Gen. E. C. Ashton, Mackenzie Papers, file X-4.

23. Ibid. Cf. reference by Senior Air Officer in paper presented to Defence Committee, 14 Nov 38, Privy Council Office.

24. Circulated by Mr. Mackenzie with the letter referred to in note 27, below.

25. C.G.S. to Minister, 8 Sep 36, Mackenzie Papers, file X-50.

26. Mackenzie Papers, file 149-30.

27. Copy No. 13 of circular letter, Privy Council Office.

28. Compiled from statements of appropriation accounts in annual reports of the Department for the years concerned.

29. "PM's remarks at Caucus, Jan 20/37", Mackenzie Papers, file X-4.

30. Statements in House of Commons, Mr. King, 25 Jan and 19 Feb 37, and Mr. Mackenzie, 15 Feb 37.

31. "Imperial Conference -Defence" (24 May 37), Mackenzie Papers, file A-3.

32. C.G.S. to Minister, 31 May 38, H.Q.C. 4948, vol. 8.

33. C.G.S. (Ashton) to Minister, 24 Sep 37, Mackenzie Papers, file X-4. C.G.S. to D.M., 19 Dee 38, H.Q.C. 4948, vol. 9.

34. King to Mackenzie, 12 Jan 38, Mackenzie Papers, file CNS-57.

35. C.G.S. to Minister, 31 May 38, above, note 32.

36. Ibid.

37. C.G.S. to Minister, 16 Nov 38, Mackenzie Papers, file D-72.

38. Mackenzie Papers, file X-50.

39. C.G.S. to Minister, 16 Nov 38, Mackenzie Papers, file D-72.

40. Enclosure to C.G.S. to D.M., 19 Dec 38, above, note 33.

41. C.G.S. to D.M., 19 Dec 38, above, note 33.

42. C.G.S. to Minister, 19 Dec 38, H.Q.C. 4948, vol. 9.

43. Correspondence on H.Q.C. 7679. See G.O. 195, 1938. Cf. RCAF Logbook (Ottawa, 1949), 53.

44. "The Defence of Canada" (note 6, above).

45. Correspondence on H.Q.S. 5902, vol. 4. "The Scheme for the Reorganization of the Canadian Militia", accompanying memo D.M.O. & I. (for C.G.S.) to D.Os.C., 15 Jul 35.

46. Detail of reorganization, Report of D.N.D., 1937, pages 83-98. Copy of Minister's announcement, and other documents, Mackenzie Papers, file D-2. Globe and Mail (Toronto), 16 Dec 36. Deputy Minister, D.N.D., to the writer, 18 May 38.

47. Adapted from Canada Year Book, 1939, page 1081.

48. Statement of Minister of National Defence in House of Commons, 26 Apr 39. Statement of C.G.S., Defence Council minutes, 14 Aug 39. W. J. Bennett to Miss A. Dixon, 12 Sep 44, Mackenzie Papers, file 10-86 (on Bren guns).

49. Correspondence on H.Q.S. 7018, vol. 2.

50. Statement of C.G.S., 14 Aug 39, above, note 48. Cf. Director of Mechanization and Artillery to M.G.O., 6 Sep 39, W.D., D.M. & A., September 1939.

51. For Borden's views, see Minutes of Proceedings of the Colonial Conference, 1907 (Cd. 3523, London, 1907), 101, 105; cf. "Memorandum, Quebec Arsenal", forwarded to Minister of National Defence by C.G.S. 12 May 30 (H.Q.C. 7232-1, vol. 1). Resolution of Imperial War Conference, 24 Apr 17, quoted in General Staff "Observations concerning the formation of a Canadian 'Principal Supply Officers Committee'", September 1930, H.Q.S. 5178, vol. 1.

52. "Memorandum on the Land Forces of Canada" (note 8, above).

53. H.Q.C. 72-32-1, vol. 1.

54. Documents in ibid., vol. 2.

55. Report of D.N.D., 1938, pages 5, 84-5; 1939, pages 5, 90. Statement of Minister of National Defence, House of Commons, 26 Apr 39.

56. Report of the Royal Commission on the Bren Machine Gun Contract. Hon. Henry Hague Davis, Commissioner (Ottawa, 1939), 10-11.

57. The Industrial Front (Ottawa, Department of Munitions and Supply, 1944), 48, 127.

58. "The Requirements of National Defence (A Statement on Militia Armament and Supply)", 23 Sep 37, with covering memo C.G.S. to Minister 24 Sep 37, Mackenzie Papers, file X-4.

59. "The Munitions Supply Organization of Australia", with covering memo C.G.S. to Minister 18 Oct 37, ibid.

60. D.M. to Minister, 27 Oct 36, Mackenzie Papers, file 149-30.

61. Mackenzie to King, 29 Oct 36, ibid.

62. C.G.S. to Minister, 16 Nov 38, above, note 39.

63. C.G.S. to M.G.O., 4 Feb 39, H.Q.S. 7827.

64. C.G.S. to Minister, 16 Mar 39, ibid.

65. "Statement of Supplementary Estimates 1939-40 which it is Intended to Submit", Mackenzie Papers, file 187-3. D.M. (LaFleche) to Minister, 30 Mar 39, H.Q.S. 7827.

66. Mackenzie to King, 17 Jul 37, ibid., file CNS-57.

67. 3 George VI, Chap. 42 (assented to 3 June 1939). The question as discussed in public during 1938-39 is summarized in C.P. Stacey, The Military Problems of Canada (Toronto, 1940), 125-39.

68. Correspondence in H.Q.S. 6754.

69. Correspondence in H.Q.C. 6661, vol. 2.

70. Report of the Royal Commission on the Bren Machine Gun Contract, 46.

71. Twenty-Third Annual Report of the National Research Council of Canada, 1939-40, 10. Documents on H.Q.C. 1129C-44. Cf. H. Duncan Hall, North American Supply ("History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Civil Series") (London, 1955), 80.

72. Correspondence on H.Q.S. 7827. See also The Industrial Front, 133-4, and J. de N. Kennedy, History of the Department of Munitions and Supply (2 vols., Ottawa, 1950), I, 192, 34-5. Hall, North American Supply, 9.

73. Documents on H.Q.S. 5091, vol. 3. Re respirator container, memorandum "General Stores Vote, 1935-36 to 1938-39", Mackenzie Papers, file D51. "Review of Progress in the Militia Service since the close of the Fiscal Year 1935/36", 6 Dec 38, H.Q.C. 4948, vol. 9.

74. Report of D.N.D., 1937, page 109; 1938, page 81.

75. Report of the Royal Commission on the Bren Machine Gun Contract (note 56, above).

76. Mackenzie Papers, file 10-86.

77. Bennett to Dixon, 12 Sep 44, note 48, above.

78. Canadian War Data (Reference Papers, Canadian Information Service, No. 4), 29.

79. Report of D.N.D., 1937, page 109; 1938, page 81; 1939, page 86. Statement of Minister of National Defence in House of Commons, 16 May 39. Documents on H.Q.S. 6619, vols. 1-3.

80. Comments by Gen. H. D. G. Crerar, 14 Sep 51, and Lt.-Gen. M. A. Pope, 24 Aug 51, H.Q.C. 1453-21-5, vol. 1.

81. Papers on H.Q.S. 5199-C, vols. 1 and 2.

82. C.G.S. to Deputy Minister, 6 May 39, H.Q.S. 7362, vol. 2.

83. Defence Scheme No. 3, Appendix I, dated 6 Jul 38.

84. Papers on H.Q.S. 5199-C, vol. 3. Cf. "The Requirements of National Defence", above, note 58.

85. Statements of Minister of National Defence in House of Commons, 26 Apr and 16 May 39. Cf. "Review of Progress in the Militia Service", above, note 73. Report of Director of Engineer Services, 29 Aug 39, H.Q.S. 8024.

86. Director of Military Operations and Intelligence to C.G.S., 13 Sep 37, H.Q.S. 5199-C, vol. 3.

87. To Deputy Minister, H.Q.S. 8024.

88. C.G.S. to Deputy Minister, 7 Nov 38, H.Q.S. 5199-C, vol. 3.

89. C. G. S. to Minister, 19 Aug 39, H.Q.S. 5199-C, F.D. 15. D.M.O. and 1. to C.G.S., 22 Aug. 39, ibid. Director of Engineer Services to Q.M.G., 29 Aug 39, H.Q.S. 8024. "Report on Action taken by Engineer Services Branch", 5 Sep 39, Mackenzie Papers, file CNS-59.

90. Circular letter to Military Districts, 5 Apr 21, H.Q.S. 3498, vol. 1.

91. Correspondence and draft Scheme, H.Q.S. 5718.

92. Defence Scheme Number 1. (The United States). In custody of Historical Section, G.S. Comments in G.S. "Memorandum on the Land Forces of Canada, 1930" (note 8, above).

93. Appreciation, 29 Jan 31, H.Q.S. 5902, vol. 1.

94. Defence Scheme No. 2. Combined Service Plan for the Maintenance of Canadian Neutrality in the Event of a War between the United States and Japan. 11 Apr 38. Correspondence on H.Q.S. 3497, vol. 1.

95. C.G.S. to Minister of National Defence, 11 Jan 32, and minute by C.G.S., 20 Jan 32, H.Q.S. 3498, vol. 2.

96. C.G.S. to Minister of National Defence, 15 Mar 37, H.Q.S. 3498, vol. 22.

97. Defence Scheme No. 3. Major War. 15 Jan 38.

98. Minister of National Defence to C.G.S., 17 Mar 37, H.Q.S. 3498, vol. 22.

99. H.Q.S. 3498, vol. 8.

100. D.M.O. and I. to C.G.S., 11 May 39, H.Q.S. 3498, vol. 11.

101. D.M.O. and I. to various District Officers Commanding, 11 Jul 39, ibid.

102. Government of Canada, War Book (Provisional). Co-ordination of Departmental Action in the Event of War or Emergency Real or Apprehended. Summary of Important Action to be taken by Government Departments. May, 1939.

103. Copy of draft in possession of Historical Section (G.S.).

104. To Director Historical Section, H.Q.S. 6615.

105. Report of D.N.D., 1939, page 10; 1940, pages 1012.

106. Minister of Finance to Minister of National Defence, 21 Sep 39, H.Q.C. 8215, vol. 1.

107. "Strength Return Permanent Force Month of July 1939" (Historical Section).

108. Report of D.N.D., 1937, page 82; 1939, pages 312, 70. Report on Permanent Force collective training, 1938, H.Q. 98014-10.

109. Ibid., 1935, page 40; 1939, pages 60, 40, 46. "Review of Progress in the Militia Service", above, note 73.

110. The Second World War: The Gathering Storm [Toronto], (1948), 336.

111. H.Q.C. 7526, vol. 1.

112. House of Commons Debates, 30 Mar 39.

113. "Minutes of a Meeting of the Interdepartmental Committee on the Control of Profits on Government Armament Contracts", 24 Jan 38, H.Q.S. 6836, vol. 4.



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