OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF MILITLARY HISTORY
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
WASHINGTON, D.C., 1959
This volume is "under development" and will be completed as time allows...
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Contents
Foreword vii The Authors viii Preface ix Chapter Page I. War Department Labor Planning: 1920-40 3 The First Decade of Planning 4 Criticisms and Revisions: 1931-37 7 The Last of the Industrial Mobilization Plans 14 Organizing for Industrial Mobilization 17 II. Organizational Problems: 1940-45 21 Revamping the Labor Section 22 The Labor Section Under the Army Service Forces 25 III. Wartime Limitations on the Size and Utilization of the Civilian Labor Force 34 Labor Laws and Defense Contracts 35 The Strength of the Army and the Size of the Labor Force 45 IV. Labor Disputes and the War Department 57 Strikes and the Defense Effort 57 Slowdowns and Similar Restraints on Production 68 Strikes in Wartime: 1942-45 71 The War Department and Antistrike Measures 75 V. Subversive Activity, Security, and Labor Supply 84 The Army and Subversive Activity 84 The Alien Problem 93 VI. Bringing Work to the Worker 101 The Location of Facilities 101 The Labor Supply Factor in Contract Placement 109 Labor Supply and Cutbacks 120 VII. The Army Makes a Frontal Attack 129 The Boeing Special Project Team 131 The West Coast Labor Problem 139 The War Manpower Commission Program 146 Extension of the Special Project Team Program 149 VIII. Building Up the Labor Force 155 The Employment of Negroes 156 Bringing Women Out of the Home 169 Industrial Deferments as a Recruiting Measure 174 IX. Temporary Reinforcement for Industry 177 The Employment of Foreign Workers 177 Workers in Uniform 180 Putting Prisoners of War to Work 189 X. The Enforcement of Manpower Policies 197 Selective Service as a Sanction 197 Plant Seizure as an Enforcement Measure 204 Labor Problems in Plant Seizures 213 XI. The War Department and National Service 219 XII. Looking Back: A Chronological Summary 246 Bibliographical Note 261 List of Abbreviations Index 275 Tables 1. Percentage of Job Terminations in Pacific Coast Aircraft Plants by Cause for Men and Women: January-June 1943 140 2. Monthly Labor Turnover Rate Per 100 Employees in Aircraft, Munitions, and Nonmunitions Industries: 1943-44 141 3. Schedules of Production and Actual Production of B-17's (Flying Fortresses) at Boeing Aircraft Company, Seattle and Renton 143 Charts 1. Number of Strikes in All Industry and Man-Days Lost Annually: 1927-44 63 2. Munitions Production and Industrial Deferments 175
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