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Index

–A–

Abaji, commanding the last trained army of Sindia, retreats towards the hilly country of Mewat, 288; is attacked and defeated at Laswari, 289–91.

Abbott, Captain, is sent by Sir H. Lawrence to Hazarah, 338; confidence of, 352.

Adams, Major John, character of, 147; disposition of forces made by, for the war against Mir Kasim, 147; reaches Katwa, 148; defeats the enemy, after a hard-fought battle, near Katwa, 149; drives the enemy from Motighil, and occupies Murshidabad, 150; beats the enemy after a desperate battle at Gheriah, 151–4; marches towards Undwah Nala and halts at Palkipur, 156; makes no impression on the strong position of the enemy, 157; receives information from a repentant deserter, which decides him to attack, 157–8; after a desperate contest, storms the position and destroys Mir Kasim’s army, 158–60; captures Munger, Rajmahal, and Patna, 161; great merits of, 161–2; untimely death of, 163.

Afghan cavalry, a contingent of, joins the Sikh army at Rasul, 385; are overthrown by the Sindh horse, 395.

Agnew, M. P. A. Vans, is despatched by Sir F. Currie to Multan to receive the resignation of Mulraj, 343; proceed by water and reach Multan, 345; receives from Mulraj the keys of the place, when he is assaulted by a Sikh soldier, 346; calls upon Mulraj to clear himself of complicity in the assault, 346; despatches messages to Edwardes and Van Cortlandt, 364; is abandoned by his escort, 347; is murdered by the Multanis, 347–8.

Agra, Lake defeats the Marathas at, and captures the fortress, 286–7.

Ahmad Shah, Durani, battles of, with the Sikhs, 300–1.

Aji, combat on the, 148.

Alam Shah, invades Bengal, 126; takes refuge with the Nuwab-Vazir of Awadh, 168; is virtually a state prisoner in his camp, 198; is released from captivity in Dihli by General Lake, 286.

Ali Vardi Khan usurps the Government of Bengal, 41; continued struggle of, with the Marathas ends in the yielding of Katak, 41–2; is succeeded by Siraju’d daulah, 42.

Aligarh, combat before, and capture of, by General Lake, 283–4.

Aliwal, battle of, 327.

Allard, General, enters the service of Ranjit Singh, 305.

Alya, desperate fight near, 225–6.

Amyatt, Mr., one of the violent members of Council opposed to Mir Kasim, is detained by the latter at Munger, 139.

Anandraz Gajapati, Rajah of Viziyanagaram, disaffection of, towards the French, 76; rises in revolt and sends a messenger to Calcutta for aid, 77; receives Forde, and accompanies him in his march against the French, 80–1; terror of, during the progress of the battle, 86; again accompanies the English in their march against the French, 92; pusillanimous conduct of, 96; takes part in the attack on Machhlipatanam, 99.

Page 400

Anderson, Lieutenant W. A., accompanies Mr. Vans Agnew to Multan, 343; reaches that place, 345; is set upon, after receiving the keys of the fortress, cut down, left for dead, and then carried into the I’dgah, 346; is murdered, 347–8.

Anyad succeeds Nanak, as chief of the Sikh sect, 296.

Argaum, battle of, 279–80.

Argun, fixes the Sikh religion on a secure foundation, 296.

Armies, location of the several British, at the time of the outbreak of the first Maratha war, 265.

Artillery, splendid service of the, at Gujrat, 390.

Assad’ullah Khan, Mir, quasi commander of Mir Kasim’s army at Suti, moves into the plains at Gheriah, and gives battle to the English, 151–2; gallantry and early success of, 152.

Assaye, battle of, 273–6; comments upon, 276–7; casualties at, 277.

Atak, fort of, is surrendered to the Sikhs, 370.

Aurangzib, persecutes the Sikhs, 297–8.

Av tabile, General, enters the service of Ranjit Singh, 305.

Awadh (Oudh), early came under Muhammadan influence, 164; at length falls under the independent rule of Shuja’u’d daulah, 165; vide Shuja’u’d daulah.

–B–

Badiwal, combat of, 326.

Badru’din Khan, one of Mir Kasim’s generals, gallantry of, at Gheriah, 152.

Baglur, important military events at, and near, 224–6.

Baillie, Colonel, is stationed at Guntur, on the outbreak of the last war with Haidar Ali, 234; is ordered by Sir H. Munro to effect a junction with him at Kanchipuram, 235; the careless dispositions of, detain him for ten days on the Gumadipundi, 240; is attacked by Tipu at Parmbakam, and repulses him, 241–2; applies to Munro for reinforcements, 242; is completely beaten and forced to surrender by Haidar and Tipu, 244–6.

Baji Rao, Peshwa, character of, 261; hoodwinks Daolat Rao Sindia, 261; is forced by Holkar to flee from his capital, 262; implores, in vain, the aid of Sindia, 262; throws himself into the arms of the English, and signs the treaty of Bassein, 263.

Baksar, battle of, 199–206; consequences of, 207.

Banda, succeeds Govind as chief Guru of the Sikhs, 298; is crushed by the Mughuls, 299.

Bangalor, military occurrences on the plateau of, 221–7.

Bassein, treaty of, cause and enormous consequences of the, 263.

Bengal, Rise of the English in, 35–40; prosperity of, affected by the invasion of Nadir Shah, 40–1; falls under the rule of Ali Vardi Khan, 41; then of Siraju’d daulah, 42; settlements of the English in, uprooted by Siraju’d daulah, 43–4.

Biderra, battle of, 120–2.

Boughton, Mr. Gabriel, cures the daughter of Shah Jahan, and obtains, as a reward, a firman establishing the British in Bengal, 36.

Bourquin, Louis, commanding one of Sindia’s armies, is defeated by General Lake, near Dihli, 285–6.

Bowie, Lieutenant, is sent with George Lawrence to Peshawar, 338; a prisoner to Chatter Singh, 370; is released, 395 note.

Bowring, Lewin, is selected by Sir H. Lawrence as an assistant, 338.

Braithwaite, Colonel, is ordered, on the outbreak of the last war with Haidar Ali, to move by Chengalpatt on Madras, 236; detaches Lieut. Flint to defend Wandiwash, 236; surrenders to Tipu, 256.

Page 401

British Government, the, assumes a protectorate over the Panjab, and makes the Maharajah Dhulip Singh, its ward, 334–5.

British power in India, causes tending to the rise of the, 1–6; in Bengal, 35–40.

Brooke, Captain, saves the English army from destruction at Mal-wigs], 222; is sent to negotiate with Haidar Ali, but fails, 229.

Bundelkhand, Rajah of, strikes for independence, 167–8; invades the territories of the Emperor and the Nuwab-Vazir, 168; is defeated by Mir Kasim, 170–1.

Bussy, Marquis de, influence exercised by, at the court of the Subahdar, 72; policy of, in the northern Sirkars, 74; is recalled by Lally to Arkat, 75; leaves with pain and grief, making over the Sirkars to the Marquis de Conflans, 75–6.

–C–

Caillaud, Major, repulses the invasion of the Shahzadah, 126; is summoned to Calcutta to consider the policy to be adopted in the crisis caused by the death of Miran, 127; votes against the treaty with Mir Kasim, but a bribe from the latter is, nevertheless, placed to his credit, 180, note.

Calcutta, becomes the head settlement of the English in Bengal, 38; which effects a fusion with the settlement at Hugli, 38–9; great prosperity of, under the privileges granted by the Emperor Farrakh-siyar, 40; Siraju’d daulah expels the English from, 434; retaken by Clive, 46; messenger from the Northern Sirkars reaches, 77.

Callender, Captain, unexplained absence of, in the assault on Machhlipatanam, 99; is killed, 103.

Calvert, Captain, baffles Haidar Ali before Ambur, 218,

Campbell, Brigadier Colin, is despatched with a brigade of infantry to Gujranwala, 355; commands the infantry of the force sent under Thackwell to effect the passage of the Chinab, 361; advice of, to Thackwell, 362; saves the combat of Sadulapur by making the infantry lie down, 367; gallant conduct of, and of his division, at Chilianwala, 375, 377, 379, 380; manoeuvres very skilfully at Gujrat and rolls up the right of the Sikhs, 391–2; foils a dangerous attempt made by the Sikhs to pierce the British centre, 393–4.

Carnac, Major, engaged at the battle of Gheriah, 152; at Undwah Nala, 158; assumes command of the army, 181; character of, 181; want of enterprise of, 182; marches to Baksar, 183; Fabian policy of, distasteful to the Calcutta Council, 184; falls back on Danapur, 185; is nearly taken prisoner, 185; leaves Hay unsupported, 185–6; falls back on Patna, 186; repulses the army of the Nuwab-Vazir, 189–92; fails to follow up the victory, 192; is removed from the Company’s service, 193.

Carstairs, Colonel, is driven from Patna, and from Bankipur, and defeated and slain, by Mir Kasim’s army, 141–2.

Champion, Major, efficient conduct of, at Kalvarghah, 196; is led into an ambuscade near A’rah and suffers loss, 197; fights at Baksar, 200–6.

Chanda Kaur, Rani, widow of Kharak Singh, intrigues for supreme power in the Panjab, 308; is imprisoned and beaten to death with slippers by her own slave-girls, 309.

Chandranagar, captured by the English, 48.

Changamah, the English defeat Haidar Ali at, 216.

Charnock, Mr. Job, abandons Bengal, returns, and fixes the English colony at Chatanati, 37.

Chatanati, English settlement at, founded, 87; is fortified and repulses an attack, 88; is joined to Calcutta, 38.

Chattar Singh, assures Sir F. Currie, that nothing is to be apprehended in the Hazarah, 852; places himself at the head of the national party, 354; takes Atak, and proceeds to join his son Sher Singh, 370; joins him at Rasul, 385.

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Chelambram, English forces repulsed at, 251; battle of, 252–4 (vide also Portonovo).

Chicacole, vide Shirikakolam.

Chilianwala, Battle of, begins, 374; the right brigade, Campbell’s division at, 375–6; the left brigade, Campbell’s division at, 376–7; Gilbert’s division at, 377–8; Dawes’s battery at, 878 and note; the cavalry on the right at, 378–9; state of the battle of, after the charge of the Gurchuras, 379; cavalry on the left at, Unett’s charge, 380; the battle of, is gained, 380; but its material results are lost by the prompt retirement of the British force, 381 and note, 382; is a lesson alike to the Sikh and to the British commanders, 397; moral effect of, 397.

Christopher, Captain, Indian Navy, distinguished gallantry of, 354.

Clive Robert, disturbs by his action at Arkat the anticipated triumph of the French, 20; is forced by the sudden rising of Riza Sahib and the French in north Arkat, to renounce his plans on Trichinapalli, and proceed against the above-mentioned enemies, 22; after various forced marches discovers that the enemy are marching on Arkat, 24; follows them and is led into a trap at Kaveripak, 24–5; danger of the position of, 26; is so hard pressed that he is counselled to retreat, 27; tries one available alternative, 28–9; which succeeds, and the battle is won, 30; conduct of, before and during the battle, vindicated, 81; is despatched from Madras to recover Bengal, 45; retakes Calcutta and captures Hugh, 46; terrifies the Nuwab before Calcutta, and forces him to retire, 46–7; meditates an attack on Chandranagar, and captures it, 47–8; attitude of, vis à vis to Siraju’d daulah, 48; crisis between, and the Nuwab precipitated, 49; gains over Mir Jafar and other generals, 50; marches against the Nuwab, 51; reaches Patti and sends Eyre Coote to capture Fatta, 52; receives from Mir Jafar most uncertain sounds, 53; holds a council of war, which decides by a majority, of which he was the leader, not to fight, 54–5; left alone, resolves to fight, 55–6; crosses the Bhagirathi and marches to Plassey, 56; bivouacks in a mango grove beyond that place, 57; disposes his army for battle, 60; is forced to withdraw his army within the grove, 61; resolves to hold on till nightfall and then try a surprise, 62; is roused from a sleep by a retreating movement on the part of the enemy, 64; takes the initiative, 65; and defeats the disorganised masses of the enemy, 66; and gains the battle, 67; the manner in which the surroundings of the battle have detracted from the fame of. 69–70; resolves, against the advice of his council, to aid the native revolt against the French in the northern Sirkars, 77–8; despatches Forde thither with an armed force, 78–9; forces a Dutch vessel to leave the Hugh, 112; sees through Mir Jafar 112; resolves to thwart the Dutch projects at all hazards, 118; takes every precaution against their in- invasion, 114; commits the command of the land forces to Fordo and Knox, 114–15; refuses the demands of the Dutch, 115; directs Forde and Knox to march against the Dutch, 116; authorises Commodore Wilson to attack the Dutch ships, 117; laconic reply of, to Forde’s application for orders, 120; is succeeded in Bengal by Vansittart, 125; warning given by, to Vansittart, 133; profits by the victorious campaign against the Nuwab Vazir of Awadh, 207–8.

Close, Sir Barry, negotiates and signs the Treaty of Bassein, 263.

Cocks, Mr., is selected by Sir H. Lawrence as an assistant, 838.

Conflans, Marquis de, assumes charge of the Northern Sirkars, 76; incapacity displayed by, in the presence of the rising at Vishakpatanam, 79; marches slowly to Rajahmahendri, and thence to a position within sight of Peddapur, 80; manoeuvres to attack Forde, 81; achieves a partial success, which is fatal to him, 82; attacks Forde at Kondur, 83; when enjoying the conviction of success, is suddenly assailed in flank and routed, 84; flees from the field to Machhlipatanam, 90; resources at the disposal of, 91; sends an army of observation under du Rocher into the field, 91–2; retires within the defences of Machhlipatanam, 93; attacked by Forde, loses his head, 103; and surrenders, 104.

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Coote, Eyre, captures Falta, 52; arguments of, in favour of fighting at the council of war before Plessey, 55; is despatched, after Baillie’s defeat, to assume chief command in Madras, 249; marches towards Pondichery, 249; is drawn by Haidar into a trap, 250; from which he is extricated solely by the stupidity, or worse, of the Chevalier d’Orves, 251; attempts the pagoda of Chelambram, but is repulsed with loss, 251; calls a council of war, and resolves to attack Haidar, 252; reconnoitres his position and plans the attack, 253; gains the battle, 253–4; takes some places in the face of Haidar, and beats him at Parmbakam, 255.

Cosby, Colonel, is ordered, on the outbreak of the last war with Haidar Ali, to act on the enemy’s communications, 236; joins the retreating army of Munro at Chengalpatt, 247.

Council, The Calcutta, mean and disreputable conduct of, towards Mir Kasim, 133–44; endanger the safety of the British possessions by deliberately breaking a promise made to the troops in the hour of their need, 174; disapprove of the Fabian policy of Carnac, 184.

Court, General, enters the service of Ranjit Singh, 305.

Cureton, General, occupies Gujranwala, and joins Colin Campbell there, 355; gallant death of, 359.

Currie, Sir Frederic, is appointed to succeed Sir H. Lawrence in the control of the Lahor Regency, 340; character of, 340; tries in vain to persuade Mulraj to withdraw his resignation, 343; despatches Messrs. Agnew and Anderson to Multan, 343; accompanied by a new Governor and some Sikh troops, 344–5; receives news of the murder of Agnew and Anderson, 348; vacillation of, and strange infatuation of, with respect to the Patans, 349; recommends the undertaking of immediate operations, but is vetoed by the commander-in-chief, 350; Edwardes’s victory at Sadasam decides, to order a brigade to Multan, 352; despatches a Sikh force to Tolomba, 353.

–D–

Dalhousie, The Marquis of, Governor-General of India, concurs with Lord Gough that it would be impolitic to march against Multan during the hot season, 350; declares that if the Sikhs want war they shall have it with a vengeance, 355; authorises Lord Gough to attack the Sikhs, 370; after the war, has two courses open to him, 397–8; annexes the Panjab, 398.

Daolat Rao Sindia, succeeds Madhaji, character of, 260; is manipulated by Baji Rao Peshwa, 261; defeats Holkar at Indur, but does follow up his victory, 261; refuses, after the defeat of his army near Puna, to march to the aid of the Peshwa, 262; by his short-sightedness drives the Peshwa into the hands of the English, and causes the dissolution of the Maratha confederacy, 262–3; awakes to a sense of his folly, 263; refuses to be a party to the treaty of Bassein, and tries to form a confederacy against the English, 264; obtains only the support of Raghuji Bhonsle, but nevertheless prepares for the struggle, 264; strength of the army of, 266; wavering nature of, 266; begins the war, and, stealing a march on the English, makes for Haidarabad, 270; baffled in this, concentrates his forces, and takes up a position between Bokardan and Assaye, 271; prepares to give battle at Assaye, 273; position of the army of, 273–4; is attacked. 274; observing a hesitation in the English advance, orders a charge of cavalry, 274; is anticipated by Wellesley, 574–5; quits the field as soon as his cavalry is defeated, 277; is attacked by Wellesley at Argaum, 279; is completely defeated, 280; confides Aligarh to the charge of Monsieur Perron, 283; the trained armies of, are defeated at Aligarh, 283–4; before Dihli, which falls in consequence, 285–6; at Agra, which falls in consequence, 286–7; at Laswari, 288–91; agrees to the treaty of Sarji Arjengaon, 293.

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Delamarr, Sergeant, driven by neglect into rebellion, 178.

Deo Raj, Dalwai, usurps the regal power in Maisur, 212; transfers it to his brother Nanjiraj, 212.

D’Espremesnil, Duval, is governor of Madras for the French, 8; some account of, 9 and note; repulses the Mughuls from before Madras, 10; and forces them to raise the siege, 11–12.

Dhulip Singh, Maharajah, son of Maharajah Ranjit Singh, birth of, 308; becomes ruler of the Panjab at the age of five years, 310; accompanies his uncle, Jowahir Singh on the summons given to the latter by the Sikh army, 312; is made to dismount from the elephant whilst the soldiers shoot his uncle, 312; is taken under the protection, and made the ward of the British Government, 335–6; which betrays its trust in 1849, 398.

Dick, General, commands the left attack of the British at Sobraon, 329; the attack of, “the finest of the campaign,” at first repulsed, 330–1; but, thanks to the success of the attacks on the right and centre, ultimately succeeds, 331–2.

Dihli, battle gained near, by General Lake, gains for the English entrance into, 285–6.

Disraeli, Mr., successful application of one of the aphorisms of, 167–8.

Duff, Major Grant, praise accorded by, to the French administration of the Northern Sirkars, 74.

Dundas, General, joins Lord Gough’s army after the capture of Multan, 388; commands the extreme left division at Gujrat, 389–90 and note; combines with Colin Campbell to turn the Sikh right, 391–2-8.

Dupleix, resolves to expel the English from Madras, 7; captures Madras and orders his lieutenant to retain it at all hazards, 8; sends Paradis with a force to Madras, 12; splendid prospects opened to, by victory of Paradis, 15–17; splendid results achieved by, 18–19; disturbed by Clive’s action at Arkat, organises a scheme to recover the lost prestige, 20; is foiled by Kaveripak, 31–33.

Dupré, Mr., negotiates with Haidar Ali on the basis of the acceptance of that ruler’s terms, 230–31.

Du Rocher, is sent at the head of an army into the field, 91–2.

Durand, Sir Henry, article of, in Calcutta Review, page 348, note, and many subsequent notes; opinion of, regarding the state of affairs in the Panjab in the early part of 1848, 344 note; of the battle of Chilianwala, 384 and note; of Gujrat, 394.

Dutch, The, establish their Indian head-quarters at Chinsurah, 109; jealous of the English progress under Clive, intrigue with Mir Jafar, 110–11; bring a ship into the Hugli, but are forced to send it away, 112; bring seven ships, full of troops, into the same river, 113; demand reparation of the English, 115; capture English ships and push up towards Calcutta, 116; their ships are attacked and destroyed by an inferior force of English ships, 117–19; the land forces of, are completely defeated by Forde at Chandranagar, 119- 20; and at Biderra, 121; waive all their claims and admit the predominance of the English, 123; adventures with the British army, 173.

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–E–

Edwardes, Herbert, is despatched by Sir H. Lawrence to Bannu, 837; his policy there, 338 and note; action of, on receiving the news of the murder of Vans Agnew and Anderson, 348; prepares to march against Mulraj, 350; totally defeats his army at Kinairi, 351; and at Sadusam, 351; blockades Multan, 351; might have finished the war had he been then and there supported, 352.

Ellenborough, Earl of, expresses a desire for a friendly interview with Rajah Sher Singh, 809; prescient policy of, with respect to protection against a Sikh invasion, 812–13.

Ellis, Mr., agent at Patna and member of Council, character of, 188; makes preparations to seize the Nuwab’s city of Patna, 139; surprises that city, 140; is driven from it by Mir Kasim’s troops and forced to retreat towards Awadh, 141; is taken prisoner to Patna, 142; murdered there, 161.

Ellor, vide E’lur.

E’lur, early description of, 78; captured by the English, 90.

English, The, first settlement of, in Bengal, 85–40; prosperity of, 40; prosperity of, not affected by Maratha invasions, 42; settlements of, uprooted by Siraju’d daulah, 44; conquer the Northern Sirkars, 77–107; loss of, at the storming of Machhlipatanam, 105; ships attack and destroy a superior force of Dutch ships in the Hugli, 117–19; base, mean, and disreputable policy pursued by, in Bengal, 183; system of tyranny carried on by, against Mir Kasim and his subjects, 136–7; drive Mir Kasim to war, 138; declare the deposition of Mir Kasim and the restoration of Mir Jafar, 144; chances of, and of Mir Kasim, 145–6; causes which seem to militate against the success of, again et the Nuwab-Vazir of Awadh, 171–3; mixed composition of the, army, 173; value of the stakes played for, and won by, at Baksar, 207–8; policy of, in southern India, differs from that adopted in Bengal, 215; are duped into a war against Haidar Ali, 216; virtually refuse Haidar Ali’s peace proposals, 221; are harassed by their engagements with Muhammad Ali, 223; again reject the offers of Haidar Ali, 229; who, at length, forces his own terms upon them, 230–1; fail to keep their engagements with Haidar Ali, 231; capture Pondichery and threaten Mahé, 231–2; provoke a war with Haidar, 232–4; are ill-prepared for the conflict, 234.

Erode, vide Yirod.

–F–

Fazal Ullah Khan, one of Haidar Ali’s generals, debouches into the plains by Koimbatur, and clears the country as far as Trichinapalli, 226–7.

Firuzshahar, position taken by the Sikhs at, 818; battle of, 319–24; comments on, 824 and note, 25; impression made by the battle of, on the sipahis, 324–5; on the cis-Satlaj feudatories, 325–6.

Fischer, Captain, gains the trench in the storming of Machhlipatanam, 100; pushes along the rampart to the right, 102.

Fitzgerald, Major, saves Colonel Wood’s army when the latter is on the point of succumbing to Haidar Ali, 226; is baffled by Haidar, 227.

Fletcher, Colonel, is detached to reinforce Baillie, 242; baffles Haidar by his intelligence, 243.

Flint, Lieutenant, is despatched to assume command at Wandiwash, 286; daring conduct of, 237; splendid defence and its striking consequences, 238; reward meted out to, 238 note.

Forde, Lieut.-Colonel, is despatched by Clive with an armed force to the Northern Sirkars, antecedents of, 78; arrives at Vishakpatanam, and arranges with the revolted Rajah, 80; marches towards Rajahmahendri and occupies a position four miles from that of the enemy, 81; manoeuvres to attack him, 81; occupies the village of Kondur, 81–2; is attacked by Conflans, 83; the cool and brilliant conduct of, gains one victory, 83–5; and then another, 86–7; great credit due to, 87–8; despatches Knox to pursue the enemy, 88; resolves to push his victory to the utmost, 89; crosses the Godavari and captures E’lur, 90; marches against Konkal, 92; storms it and pushes on to Machhlipatanam, 93; which he invests, 94; enormous difficulties of the position of, 94–6; aggravated by the conduct of his native ally, 96; is apparently lost, 97; noble character of, 97–8; resolves to storm the place, 98; despatches Knox to make a demonstration, 98; and orders Anandraz to do the same, 99; whilst he hurls York, Maclean, and Fischer against the one assailable point, 100; forces the enemy to surrender at discretion, 104; great merits of, 104–5; important results of the action of, 106; treatment meted out by the Court of Directors to, 107; takes part in the operations in Bengal against the Dutch, 114–5; marches on Chandranagar, and defeats the Dutch there, 119- 20; applies to Clive for orders and receives a laconic reply, 120; marches on Biderra, encounters and completely defeats the Dutch there, 120–1; tribute to, 124.

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French, The, break the understanding existing on the Koramandal coast by availing themselves of their superiority to attack the English, 6; refuse to restore Madras either to the English or to the native ruler of the Karnatak, 7–8; prepare to resist the latter by force of arms, 9; defeat the cavalry of Maphuz Khan, and force the Mughuls to raise the siege, 10–12; defeat the Mughuls at St. Thomé, 12–15; magnificent prospects opened out to, by the victory, 15–17; brilliant actual results of, for, 18–19; misfortune of, in not possessing a commander, 19; are disturbed by Clive’s action at Arkat, 20; attempt a counter scheme, 20–21; plunder the environs of Madras, 22; disturbed by the arrival of Clive, manoeuvre skilfully to deceive him, 23; lead Clive into a trap at Kaveripak, 25; almost win the battle, but, for want of ordinary care, lose it, 26–31; position of, in the Northern Sirkars. 72–8; are beaten at Kondur and forced to evacuate Rajahmahendri, 81–8; lose the Northern Sirkars, 89–107; adventurers with the British army, 173; a portion of the, adventurers join the Nuwab Vazir, 179.

–G–

Ganjam, description of, 78.

German, adventurers with the British army, 173; cautious nature of, 178.

Gilbert, General (afterwards Sir Walter), commands the right division of the army at Firuzshahar, 320; is successful, but withdraws for the night, 321; conducts a reconnaissance across the Chinab, 368; gallant conduct of, and of his division, at Chilianwala, 377–9; forces the centre of the Sikh position at Gujrat, 891; follows up the victory, 894; and compels the surrender of the whole Sikh army, 395 and note.

Glenn, Lieutenant, encounters and defeats an enemy vastly superior in numbers on the Aji river, 148; captures Katwa and rejoins the main army, 148–9.

Godavari, The, waters the Northern Sirkars, 73.

Godby, Brigadier, is sent with his brigade to reinforce Thackwell, 867–9; gallant fight of, and his brigade at Chilianwala, 377–8.

Gough, Sir Hugh (afterwards Lord), Commander-in-Chief in India, collects his forces to meet the sudden irruption of the Sikhs, 315; character of, 816; beats the Sikh detachment at Mudki, 817; orders Littler to join, and marches on Firuzshahar, 318; order of battle of, before Firuzshahar, 319; gallantry of, 822; gains the battle after he had lost it, 323; whilst receiving congratulations on his victory is again threatened, 323; is saved by the treachery of Tej Singh, 324; despatches Smith to Dharmkot and Lodiana, 326; attacks the Sikhs in their position at Sobraon, 329; orders a timely advance of his centre and right, 881; gains the battle, 382; marches on Lahor, 334; vetoes Sir F. Currie’s proposal to undertake operations against Multan during the hot season, 850; forms the Army of the Panjab, 355; masses his army at Noiwala, 356; defects in the character of, as a general, 357–8; unnecessarily forces on the combat of Ramnagar, 358; true course to be followed by, 859; rejects it, 360; carelessness of, with respect to the proper examination of the fords across the Chinab, 860–1; despatches Thackwell to turn the Sikh position, 361; despatches an order to Thackwell to fight, and then countermands it, 864; pounds Sher Singh’s position across the Chinab 365; continues to pound it after it had been evacuated by Sher Singh, 366; constructs a bridge across the Chinab, and sends cavalry reinforcements to Thackwell, 368; despatch of, on the artillery combat of Sadulapur, 368 note; crosses the Chinab and touches Thackwell’s force, 870; receives instructions to engage the enemy, 370; adopts the advice tendered to him to turn the Sikh position at Rasul, 371; whilst marching to execute this idea, is suddenly diverted from it by the appearance of Sikh parties on his left, 372–3; marches on Chilianwala, and resolves to encamp when he is “drawn” by Sher Singh, 3731; attacks the Sikhs, 374; looks only to his infantry, 374–79; misses a great opportunity to make the victory decisive, 380 and note; withdraws from the field, leaving standards and guns as a trophy to the enemy, 381, notes to 381 and 384; comments on the manner in which, fought the battle, 382–3, and note to 383; concentrates his army within too small a place, and allows the Sikhs to dominate the plain, 348 and note; is tempted again and again by Sher Singh to action, but wisely refrains, 386; perplexity of, when Sher Singh threatened his communications, 387; after some indecision, holds his hand to, and affects a junction with Whish, 387–8; determines to attack the Sikhs at Gujrat, 388; arranges plan of battle, 389 and note; fights and gains it, 390–4; sends Gilbert in pursuit, which finishes the war, 395; vindication of the conduct of, after Chilianwala, 396–7; that battle a lesson to, 397.

Page 407

Govind, further supplies the doctrines of the Sikh faith, and establishes the “Khalsa,” 297; is persecuted by Aurangzib, but honoured by his successor, and ultimately assassinated, 298.

Gray, Mr., is sent as envoy to Haidar Ali with very paltry presents, 232; failure of the mission of, 238.

Gujrat, position of the Sikh and the British armies before, 388–9; battle of, 390–95.

Gulab Singh, Rajah of Jamu, succeeds to the headship of the Jamu family on the death of Hirai Singh, 311; pacifies the army sent to destroy him, 311; makes overtures to the British after Aliwal, and receives a reply satisfactory to the chiefs, who wished, first of all, the destruction of the Sikh army, 328; buys Kashmir from the Government of India, 334.

Gundlakamma, The, one of the boundaries of the Northern Sirkars, 78.

Page 408

–H–

Haidar Ali, parentage of, 212; early training of, 213; joins the Maisur army under Naujiraj, and adopts a military career, 213; gradually builds up a position for himself, 214; turns against his benefactor and assumes the virtual sovereignty of Maisur, 215; makes head against a quadruple alliance, detaches two of its members, and enters the field against the English and Muhammad Ali, 216; is defeated in two engagements, 216; recovers himself, captures some places, and lays siege to Ambur, 217; is baffled by Captain Calvert, and falls back on Kaveripatam, 218; retreats to the Bangalor plateau, 218; gains the whole of the western coast and returns, inspirited, to the Maisur plateau, 218–19; attacks Murari Rio unsuccessfully, 220; marches to overwhelm Colonel Wood, 220; is baffled by Smith, and saved from destruction by Wood’s folly, 220 and note; proposes to the English to make peace, but considers their conditions too exorbitant, 221; entices Colonel Wood into a snare, and all but destroys his force, 222; outmanoeuvres Wood, 224; despatches Fazal Ullah Khan to clear the plains below Koimbatur, 226; debouches into the plains, deceives Fitzgerald, takes Hardy, and presses on to Yirod (Erode), 227; forces, in a peculiar manner, the surrender of that place, 228; marches eastward and proposes terms of accommodation to the English, 228; on the terms being rejected, outmanoeuvres the English, threatens Madras, and forces his own terms on the English, 228–30; summary of the following eleven years of the life of, 231; protests vehemently against the English attack on Mahé, 232; receives the English envoy, and resolves on war with the English, 233; dashes into North Arkat, and penetrates as far as Kanchipuram, 234; invests Wandiwash with the flower of his army, 236; is baffled there by the daring of one Englishman, 236–8; feels that he has the English in his grasp, 239; receives information from Tipu that he was about to attack Baillie, 240; interposes between Munro and Baillie, 240; tries to entice Colonel Fletcher into a trap, but fails, 242; sends the bulk of his army to reinforce Tipu, 243; and, having lulled Munro into security, follows himself, 244; joins Tipu in time to compass the destruction of Baillie’s force, 245–6; misses a great opportunity of finishing the war, 248; takes Arkat and Ambur, 248; outmanoeuvres Sir Eyre Coote, and has him in his power, 249–50; loses the opportunity through the imbecility of his French naval colleague, 251; is so elated -by the repulse of Chelambram, that he resolves to force on a battle, 251; position chosen by, 252; loses the battle, 253–4; renounces the contest for empire, and fights to save what he had, 255–6; dies, 256.

Hamilton, Mr. William, cures the Emperor Farrakhsiyar, and obtains important concessions for the English in Bengal, 39–40.

Hardinge, Sir Henry, succeeds Lord Ellenborough as Governor-General, and gradually adopts the views of the former, with respect to a Sikh invasion, 313; prepares for the coming storm, 313 , offers himself as second in command to Sir Hugh Gough, 318; calm, clear judgment of, 318; gallantry of, 322; gives guarantees to Gulab Singh, 328; annexes the Jalandhar Doab and Kashmir and sells the latter to Gulab Singh, 334; establishes a Government at Lahor under British control, 335–6; fails to recognise the fact that the Sikh army had never considered itself fairly beaten, 339; reduces the army, and resigns his office, 340.

Hastings, Warren, was an exception to the general corruption in Bengal, 133; the solitary supporter of Mr. Vansittart in Council, 184–86; endeavours to check the violence of his colleagues, 189; appealed to by Madras for aid, raises money, and despatches Sir Eyre Coote with reinforcements for that Presidency, 248–9.

Page 409

Havelock, Colonel, gallant charge and death of, 358–9.

Hay, Mr., one of the members of council opposed to Mir Kasim, is detained by the latter at Munger, 139.

Herbert, Lieutenant, evacuates Atak, which thus falls into the hands of Chattar Singh, 370; is released, 395 note.

Hessing, George, commanding at Agra for Sindia, is placed under restraint by his own men, 286.

Hoggan, Brigadier, gallant fight of the brigade of, at Chilianwala, 376–7.

Holland, relative position of, with respect to conquests in the east, 108–9; establishment at Chinsurah, 110 (vide The Dutch).

Holwell, Mr., and the catastrophe of the Black Hole, 43 and note; acts for Vansittart after the departure of Clive, 125; policy recommended by, not adopted, 127.

Hossur, important military events in the vicinity of, 224–6.

Hugli, settlement of the English at the town of, is merged into the settlement at Calcutta, 38; is stormed by the English, 46.

Hur Govind, simplifies the Sikh doctrines, 296.

–I–

Irving, Captain, gallant conduct of, at Undwah Nala, 158–9.

–J–

Jafar, Mir, is gained over by Clive, 50; uncertain nature of the communications of, with Clive on the eve of Plassey, 53; baseness of the treason of towards Siraju’d daulah, 62–3; essential viciousness of the polio), of, 70; responds to the advances made by the Dutch to upset the English, 111; double-dealing policy of, 112.13; abandons his Dutch allies on their defeat, 122- 23; shows a marked disinclination to make way for Mir Realm, 130; forced by the English to yield, he retires to Calcutta, 131–2 and note; is restored to his office by the English, 144; conditions of the restoration of, 144 and note; joins Major Adams in the field, 148; enters Murshidabad in triumph, 150; endeavours to dissuade the Nuwab Vazir of Awadh from espousing the cause of Mir Kasim, 169; in vain, 170; advances money to suppress mutiny of European troops, 179; takes up a position with Carnac for the defence of Patna, 186; is engaged in the battle before Patna, 189–92.

Jalandhar Doab, The, is annexed by Sir Henry Hardinge, 334.

Jamu, the Rajahs of, obtain a preponderating influence in the Government of the Panjab, 309; the chief of the, Dhian Singh, is murdered, 309; the next in succession, Hira Singh, obtains the support of the army, and becomes Vazir, 310; is slain, 311; the next chief of, Gulab Singh, 311, vide Gulab Singh.

Janda Kaur, Rani, wife of Ranjit Singh, 308; becomes regent of the Panjab, 310; character of, 310; is deported, for plotting, to Chunar, 352.

Jennings, Captain, votes in the majority of the council of war before Plassey against fighting, 54–5; succeeds to the temporary command of the Bengal army, 172; is indisposed to pursue Mir Kasim, 172; represses mutiny of the European troops under his orders, 175–9; represses mutiny of the sipahis, 179–80; makes over the command to Major Carnac, 181.

Jeswant Rao Holkar, defeats Sindia’s army in two successive battles, 261; is himself beaten by Sindia at Indur, 261; not being followed up, recruits another army and defeats Sindia’s army near Puna, 262; this decisive battle the proximate cause of the break-up of the Maratha confederacy, and brings about the treaty of Bassein, 262–63; refuses to join Sindia in the war against the English, 264; submits to the English with “his kingdom on his saddle’s bow,” 293, 302.

Page 410

Johnson, Captain, is forced by Haidar’s general to fall back on Trichinapalli, 227.

Jowahir Singh, brother of the Rani Mai Janda Kaur, becomes the nominal head of the Sikh Government, 311; becomes Vazir, and rouses the indignation of the army by putting to death Peshora Singh, 311; is murdered by the Sikh soldiers, 312.

–K–

Karnatak, Nuwabs of the, process whereby the position of the, towards the European settlers on the Koromandal coast became invested, 1–17.

Kashmir, is accepted from the Sikh Government by Sir Henry Hardinge in lieu of an indemnity imposed by him upon that Government, 334; sells Kashmir to Gulab Singh for the same amount, 334; policy and morality of the transaction, 334–5, and note to 335.

Kasim, Mir (Mir Muhammad Kasim Khan), deputed by Mir Jafar, envoy to Calcutta on the death of Miran, 127; character and instinctive policy of, 128; cajoles the Calcutta Council into substituting himself for Mfr Jafar as ruler of Bengal, 129; conditions of, and price paid for, the alliance, 129–30; takes up the office of Subahdar of the three provinces, 132; reforms instituted by, and just aims of, 182; causes which led, to hate the English with a bitter and brooding hatred, 133; removes his capital to Munger, and prepares for the coming storm, 134–5; receives a visit from Mr. Vansittart, makes great concessions, and concludes a treaty with him, 137; acts on the treaty, but, when the Calcutta Council disavow it, establishes free trade throughout his dominions, 138; in spite of enormous provocation endeavours to maintain peace with the English, 140; despatches troops to pursue the English who had treacherously seized his city of Patna, 141; issues a manifesto justifying his conduct, and appealing to the English for redress, 142–3; the English answer by deposing, 143–4; chances of success of, 145; one fatal flaw in the nature of, 146 and note; army of, after three defeats, retires on Suti, 150; fatal want caused by the absence of, 151; orders his last and best army to a very strong position behind Undwah Nala 155; stakes his whole fortune on the issue of the battle to be fought there, 156; irritated at his defeat there and the loss of Munger, orders the murder of his European prisoners, 161; quits Bihar and implores the protection of the Nuwab Vazir of Awadh, 161; takes refuge in the territories of that prince, 166–7; makes an impression upon the Nuwab Vazir at Allahabad, 169; proceeds against and defeats the Rajah of Bundelkhand, 170–1; marches with the Nuwab Vazir to invade Bihar, 171; the agents of, attempt to undermine the English army, 172–3; is with the Nuwab Vazir before Patna, 188; misbehaves in the battle fought before that place, 189–92; is dismissed from the camp of the Nuwab Vazir with contumely, 198–9 and note.

Katwa, battle of, 149.

Kankal, storming of, 93.

Kaveripak, description of the battle of, 25–31; the victory of, transfers the moral supremacy in southern India from the French to the English, 31; is the second act in the drama of which St. Thomé was the first, 32.

Keene, Lieutenant, commands the party which decides the battle of Kaveripak, 29.

Khalsa, Doctrines of the, established by Govind, 297.

Page 411

Klan Singh, Sirdar, is appointed to succeed Mulraj at Multan, and accompanies Messrs. Agnew and Anderson, 315; loyalty of, at the Multan crisis, 346–8.

Kharak Singh, succeeds Ranjit Singh as ruler of the Panjab, 308; death of, 308 and note.

Kilpatrick, Major, is despatched from Madras to aid the refugees from Calcutta, reaches Patti, 44.

Knox, Captain, is despatched by Forde to follow up the victory of Kondur, 88; captures Rajahmahendri, 88–9; and Narsipur, 92 makes a demonstration against Machhlipatanam, 98; takes part in the operations in Bengal against the Dutch, 115–20; and against the Shahzadah, 126; and under Adams, 162; succeeds to the command of the army and resigns it to Jennings, 172.

Kolar, important military events near, 223–6.

Kondapilli, description of, 73 and note.

Kondur, battle of, 82–7.

Koringa, description of, 78.

Krishna, the, one of the great rivers of southern India, 78.

–L–

Lal Singh, a prominent Sikh nobleman, is anxious to crush the insolence of the Sikh army, 311; to save himself and to ensure its destruction, urges the Sikh army to attack the British, 312; baneful influence of, on the Sikh movements, 315, 323; is still bent on the destruction of the Sikh army, 828; rewards accorded to, for his treachery, 335. .

Lally, Count, arrives in southern India to expel the English therefrom, 75; success of, greatly impeded by his rashness, 75; recalls Bussy from Arkat, and leaves the defence of the Northern Sirkars to the Marquis de Conflans, 75.

Lake, General, marches from Kanhpur to attack Sindia’s trained army at Aligarh, 283; defeats the enemy under Perron before that place, 283–4; and storms Aligarh, 284; comes upon their army under Louis Bourquin, near Dihli; 285; attacks and defeats it, 285–6; enters Dihli and releases and restores the blind King, Shah A’lam, 286; sets out for Agra, 286; attacks and defeats the remnants of Perron’s and Bourquin’s armies, and captures the fortress, 287; follows the last trained army of Sindia, 288; in consequence of the heavy state of the ground, and to prevent the enemy’s escape into the hill country, follows it up with his cavalry alone, and catches them at Laswari, 288; attacks the enemy, but is forced to hold off, pending the arrival of his infantry, 289; on the arrival of the infantry, attacks again, and, after a very hardly contested battle, gains a decisive victory, 290–1; character of, 293–4; summary of the campaign of, 294; enters the Panjab, and secures the devotion of the cis-Satlaj Sikhs, 302–3.

Lake, Lieutenant, an assistant under Sir Henry Lawrence, 338.

Laswari, battle of, 289–91; remarks upon the, 291–2; decisive as to the war, 292.

Lawrence, Colonel (afterwards Sir Henry), is appointed first Resident at tailor to control the Sikh regency, 355–6; mode adopted by, to carry out the general control of the Panjab administration, 337–40; accompanies Lord Hardinge, on leave, to England, and is succeeded by Sir F. Currie, 840; could he have prevented the outbreak? 341; is unfavourable to the annexation of the Panjab, 898.

Lawrence, George St. Patrick, is deputed by his brother Henry to Peshawar, 338; is brought prisoner into the Sikh camp, 370; is released, 395 note.

Lawrence, John, receives Mulraj at Lahor and arranges regarding his resignation, 342; evidence of, at the trial of Mulraj, 342 note.

Littler, General, commands at Finis-par when the Sikhs cross the Satlaj, 314; taking counsel only from his own true heart, marches out and offers them battle, which they refuse, 314; commands the left of the English force at Firuzshahar, 319; comes first of all into action, and, after sustaining heavy losses, is repulsed, 319–20.

Page 412

–M–

MacGuire, Mr., accepts a bribe from Mir Kasim, 130.

Machhlipatanam, early acquisition of, by the French, 72; description of, 73; head-quarters of the French in the Northern Sirkars, 74; defences of, 93; is invested by Forde, 94; storming of, 97–105; important results of the conquest of, 106.

Maclean, Captain, gains the breach at the storm of Machhlipatanam, 100; further progress of, 104; joins the English army on the Durgawati, 173.

Madhaji Sindia, character and grand conceptions of, 259; dies just as he was mounting the last step of the ladder, 260.

Madras Government, The, on learning Baillie’s defeat, apply to Bengal for aid, 248.

Madras, terms of the treaty dictated at, by Haidar Ali to the English, 230–1.

Mahadeo Rao Narayan, last but one of the Peshwas of the Marathas, 260; commits suicide, 261.

Mahé, threatened by the English, who take it despite of the protestations of Haidar Ali, 232.

Maisur, ancient dimensions of, 209; gradual formation of the kingdom of, 210–11; regal power in, usurped by the Dalwais, 211–12; falls under the virtual sovereignty of Haidar Ali, 215; important military events on the plateau of, 219–27; summary of events in, during the eleven years following the dictation of terms by Haidar to the English, 231; restored to the Hindu dynasty, 257.

Malwagal, combat of, 222.

Maphuz Khan, eldest son of the Nuwab of the Karnatak, is sent to recover Madras from the French, 8; besieges that place, 9; cavalry of, are completely beaten by the besieged in a sally, ii; raises the siege, 12; resolves to intercept the relieving French force under Paradis, 12; lines the Adyar near St. Thomé with his troops, 13; is attacked and completely defeated by Paradis, 14,15.

Maratha Confederacy, the first fatal blow dealt to, by the treaty of Bassein, 263; the second and decisive blow dealt to, 292.

Maratha War, the results of the first, with respect to the actual present, 290; and to the future, 293.

Markar, is appointed to discipline and command one of Mir Kasim’s brigades, 135; recaptures Patna treacherously seized by the English, 141; engaged at the battle of Gheriah, 151–4; at Undwah Nala, 160.

Martin, Lieutenant Claude, commands a French company in the British army under Jennings, 173; loyal and effective action of, during the mutiny, 177; is despatched to Calcutta, 183.

Mehdi, Mir, Khan, a commander under Mir Kasim, gallantly aids in the recovery of Patna, 141.

Metcalfe, Mr., is despatched as envoy to Ranjit Singh, and wisely influences him, 304.

Minto, Lord, takes up the dropped thread of Marquess Wellesley’s policy, 303–4.

Miran, son of Mir Jafar, perfidious nature of, 122–3; is struck dead by lightning, 126.

Moracin, Monsieur, appointed French resident at Machhlipatanam, 74; arrives too late to prevent the catastrophe at that place, 105.

Moran, Captain, gallant conduct of, at Undwah Nala, 159–60.

Murshid Kuli Khan, firm and just rule of, in Bengal, 40.

Mudin, Mir, gallantry of, at Plassey, 62; death of, fatal to Siraju’d daulah, 62.

Mudki, combat of, 817–18; numbers of the Sikhs at, 316 and note.

Page 413

Muhammad Taki Khan, one of Mir Kasim’s generals, sends a detachment to attack Glenn on the Aji, 148; fights a battle with Major Adams near Katwa, 149; gallant death of, 149.

Mulraj succeeds his father as Diwan of Multan, 341; at first resists, but finally agrees to, the conditions of the Lahor Darbar, 341–2; the complaints against the administration of, are backed up by the Lahor Darbar, 312; proceeds to Lahor to see Sir H. Lawrence and to tender his resignation, 342 and note; is received by Mr. John Lawrence, and persists in his resignation, 342–3; pressed by Sir F. Currie, still refuses to withdraw his resignation, 343; receives Messrs. Agnew and Anderson and transfers to them the keys of the fortress, 345; behaviour of, when the British officers are cut down, 346; reply of, to Vans Agnew’s summons, 346; casts in his lot with the national party, 1347; troops of, are defeated by the Biluchis near Dera Ghazi Khan, and by Edwardes at Kinairi and Sadusam, 351; is blockaded in Multan, 351.

Multan, comes into the possession of Ranjit Singh, 305; the Diwani of devolves upon Mulraj, 341; the strongest fortress in the Panjab, 343; murderous events and rising in, 345–8; blockaded by Edwardes, 351; siege of, begins, 354; is raised, and recommenced, 355; is taken, 385.

Munger, is made his capital by Mir Kasim, and is greatly strengthened, 134 and note.

Munro, Major (afterwards Sir Hector), succeeds Carnac in command of the army, 193; character of, 193- 94; suppresses a mutiny of the sipahis, 194–6; advances and crosses the Son at Kalvarghat, 196; reaches Baksar, 198; resolves to attack the enemy on the 24th, but is himself assailed on the 23rd, 200; fights and wins the battle of Baksar, 201–6; is commander-in-chief at Madras when Haidar Ali dashes into north Arkat, 235; unsound military views of, 235; to carry out those views, stretches the law and assumes command of the army in the field, 236; directs Baillie, from pure self-will, to make a circuitous march to Kanchipuram, 239; allows Haidar Ali to interpose between him and Baillie, 240; sends reinforcements to Baillie, 242; loses his head and retreats to Chengalpatt, 246–7; thence to the vicinity of Madras, 247–8.

Murari Rao, joins the English army on the Maisur plateau, 219; repulses an attack made by Haidar Ali, 220.

Murtazanagar, description of, 78 and note.

Musalipatam, vide Machhlipatanam, vide also notes to 72–3.

Mutiny of the English troops under Knox, 173; under Jennings, 174- 79; of the sipahis, under the same officer, 179–80; of the sipahis under Munro, 194–6.

Mysore, vide Maisur.

–N–

Nanak, founder of the Sikh religion, 295; is succeeded by Angad, 296.

Nanjiraj, Dalwai, inherits the usurped power of his brother Deo Raj, 212; takes Haidar Ali under his patronage, 213; is deposed and pensioned by Haidar Ali, 215.

Nao Nihal Singh, grandson of Ranjit Singh, succeeds Kharak Singh as ruler of the Panjab, 308; is killed the very day of his accession, 308 and note.

Napier, Major Robert, is appointed chief engineer of the Multan besieging force, 353; opinion of, of Mullin, 354.

Nasir Khan, Mir, one of Mir Kasim’s generals, gallantry of, at Gheriah, 153.

Nicholson, John, an assistant under Sir Henry Lawrence, 337; by his activity and forethought secures a safe passage of the Chinab to General Thackwell, 363.

Page 414

Nizam Ali, Nizam of Haidarabad, joins Haidar Ali against the English, 216; is frightened by the bad result of the campaign to renounce the alliance, 218.

Nizampatanam, description of, 78.

–O–

Ochterlony, General Sir David, is despatched by Lord Minto to coerce Ranjit Singh, 304.

Orme, Mr., testimony of, to the effect of the battle of St. Thomé, 15; regarding the storming of Machhlipatanam, 104.

Orton, Captain, disgracefully surrenders Yirod (Erode) to Haidar Ali, 228.

Orves, The Chevalier d’, commands the French fleet on the Madras coast, 250; deliberately throws away the chance of compelling the surrender of a British army, 250–51.

Ossoor, vide Hossur.

Oudh, vide Awadh.

–P–

Panjab, The, role of the Sikhs declared in, 300–1; annexed by the British, 397–8.

Panneau, a bad type of French officer, 92.

Paradis, proceeds from Pondichery to reinforce the garrison of Madras, 12 * reaches the Adyar to find its banks lined by the Mughul army, resting on St. Thom& 13; unhesitatingly fords the river, attacks, and gains a victory which revolutionises the condition of southern India, 14–15.

Parmabakam, battle at, and near, ending in the destruction of Baillie’s force, 241–6.

Patna, battle of, 189–92.

Pennycuick, Brigadier, gallant conduct of, and of the brigade of, at Chilianwala, 375–6.

Perron, Monsieur, commands for Sindia at Aligarh 283 half-heartedness of, and its cause, 283–4.

Plassey, battle of, 60–67; effects of, in the present, and in the future, 67–8; a decisive though not a great battle, 68–9.

Pollock, lieutenant, distinguishes himself before Multan, 353.

Pondichery, captured by the English, 231; re-occupied by the French, 249.

Portonovo, battle of, 251–4; decisive of the pretensions of Haidar, 255- 56.

Prudence, definition of, 27, 56.

–R–

Raghuji Bhonsle, Rajah of Bark., allies himself with Sindia against the English, 264; strength of the army of, at the outbreak of the war, 266; military capacity of, 266; prepares to give battle to the English at Assaye, 273; gives an example to his men of unsurpassed cowardice, 277; is attacked by Wellesley at Argaum, 279; is completely defeated and signs a very disadvantageous treaty with the conqueror, 280–81.

Ram Das, fourth teacher of the Sikhs, 296.

Rajahmahendri, description of, 78, note; Conflans arrives at, and moves to a position forty miles from, 80; is captured by the English, 88.

Ramnagar, combat of, 357–59; position of, for an army wishing to cross the Chinab, 360.

Ramnarain, is removed from the governorship of Patna by Mir Kasim, 131.

Ranjit Singh, birth of, 301; has transactions with the Afghans, and becomes recognised ruler of the Sikhs, 301–2; exchanges friendly communications with General Lake, 302; tries to consolidate his dominions, but fails with the cis-Satlaj nobles, 303; who invite, and ultimately obtain, the support of the English, 303–4; resents the conduct of the English, but, on the approach of Ochterlony, and having in view the circumstances of his own dominions, complies, 304; consolidates his trans-Satlaj dominions, 304–5; acquires Multan, Kashmir, the Derajat, and Peshawar, 305; takes into his services four French generals to discipline his army, 805; has an interview with Lord W. Bentinck, 306; tries the temper of the British, and eventually withdraws his pretensions, 306; feelings of, towards the British, 306–7; unwillingly enters into the alliance pressed on him by Lord Auckland to aid in the restoration of Shah Shuja, 307; his convictions – and his hopes, 807; dies, 307 and note.

Page 415

Ranjur Singh, commanding a Sikh force, maltreats Sir Harry Smith at Badiwal, 326; but is beaten at Aliwal, 327.

Basil, Sikh position at, 871,384 and note.

Reinhard, vide Samru.

Richardson, Lieutenant, distinguished gallantry of, before Multan, 354.

Rind Sahib, inspired by Dupleix, rouses north Arkat against the English, 21; carries the war up to the vicinity of Madras, and procures a respite for Trichinapalli, 21–2; is beaten at Kaveripak, 23–31.

Robinson, Captain, consequences of the forfeiture of his parole by, 228.

–S–

Sadulapur, Combat of, between Sher Singh and Thackwell, 366–8.

Salabat Jung, Subahdar of the Dakhan, marches to threaten Forde, 96.

Samru, appointed to discipline and command one of Mir Kasim’s brigades, 135; is despatched to cut off the retreat of the English from Patna, which he effectually does, destroying or taking prisoners their whole force, 141–2 and note; engaged at the battle of Gheriah, 151–4; at Undwah Nala, 160; in the battle before Patna, 189–92; at Baksar, 200–6.

Sher Singh, Atariwala, member of the Lahor Regency, is despatched with a Sikh force to Multan, 353; joins the national party, 354; takes up a strong position a cheval the Chinab, 356; retires to the north bank on the approach of Lord Gough, 357; and maltreats him, 858–9; on learning Thackwell’s passage of the Chinab, is animated by a brilliant idea, 365; which he foolishly only carries out in part, 866, and executes feebly, 367; engages Thackwell in an artillery combat at Sadulapur, and then falls back on the line of the Jhelam, 867–8; makes a feint, which almost succeeds in forcing Gough to retire, 370; takes up a position at Rasul, then, extending his line, tempts Gough to diverge from his course and attack him at Chilianwala, 874; is beaten, but reaps the fruits of victory, 375–81; the chances open to, after the battle, are not taken, 884; he holds, however the country between his position and that of the British, 384 and note , the junction of Chattar Singh increases his army by one-third, 385; vainly tempts Lord Gough to fight, 386; threatens his line of communication, and finally takes post at Gujrat, 386–7; where he resolves to accept battle, 388; fights and loses the battle of Gujrat, 889–94; surrenders with his whole army, 395 and note; unpardonable faults committed by, during the campaign, 395–6; was daunted by Chilianwala, 397.

Sher Singh, reputed son of Ranjit Singh, succeeds Nao Nihal Singh, 308; allows the Sikh army to master him, 309; shirks an interview with Lord Ellenborough, 309; is murdered, 309.

Shrikakolam, description of, 73; Shir A’li Khan, one of Mir Kasim’s generals, fatal feebleness of, at Gheriah, 153.

Shuja’u’d daulah, becomes Nuwab Vazir of Awadh (Oudh), 165; promises protection to Mir Kasim, 166–7; the action of the Bundelkhand rajah changes the views of, 169; but the sight of Mir Kasim’s trained infantry almost brings back, to his old idea, 169; agrees to espouse Mir Kasim’s cause provided the latter disposes of the invader from Bundelkhand, 170–1; marches to invade Bihar, and reaches Banaras, 171; mishap of, in crossing the bridge of boats, 187; reaches Baksar, and follows Carnac towards Patna, 187; is foiled in an attempt to cut him off, 187–8; takes up a position opposite the English before Patna, 188; attacks the English array and is repulsed, 189–92; retires on Baksar, 192–3; dismisses Mir Kasim, 198; on the approach of the English army, resolves to sacrifice the advantage of his position, and attack them, 199; is defeated by Munro, 200–6; stake played for, and lost by, at Baksar, 207; comes under British influence, 207–8.

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Sikhs, The, founder of the religion of, 295; are formed into a nation, 296–7; are persecuted by Aurangzib, 298; rallying under Banda, again crushed, apparently for ever, 299; rallying once again, they assert themselves, are beaten by, and beat, Ahmad Shah, and finally proclaim the sway of their nation in the Panjab, 300–1; they separate into twelve misls or confederacies, but finally combine under Ranjit Singh, 301; except those of the cis-Satlaj territories, who evoke, and eventually obtain, British protection, 303–4; those of the trans-Satlaj are consolidated under Ranjit Singh, 304–5; qualities of the, as soldiers, 305–6; the army of the, becomes paramount in the state, 309–11; and, urged treacherously by its chiefs, crosses the Satlaj, 312; decline battle with Littler and lose six most precious days, 314; send a small detachment to attack the British at Mudki, 315; are repelled, after a severe combat, 317; are attacked by the English at Firuzshahar, 319; repulse Littler, and at nightfall still occupy the assailed positions, 319–21; during the night, drive out Sir Harry Smith and maltreat Gilbert, 322; have victory in their grasp if their leaders are only true, 822–8; evacuate their position in the early morn, 323 and note; have another chance of regaining the battle, but are betrayed by TO Singh, 323–4; maltreat Smith at Badiwal, but are beaten at Aliwal, 326–7; entrench themselves at Sobraon, 328; are attacked by the British, 329; make a splendid defence, but are beaten, 329–32; the losses of, enormously aggravated by the treachery of Tej Singh, 332; are forced to yield the Jalandhar Doab and Kashmir, 334; are again betrayed by their chiefs, 335–6; smouldering feeling of anger amongst, in consequence of these events, 339; gradual fermentation among the, 343–4 and note; move of, in the Hazarah, 352; outbreak of, in the Hazarah and before Multan, 354; crude English opinion regarding the resources of the, at this time, 355; retreat across the Chinab before the British, 357–9; carelessness of, at night, very favourable to the British, 363; fight an indecisive artillery combat with Thackwell at Sadulapur, and fall back on the Jhelum, 366–69; fight at Chilianwala, are beaten, but, notwithstanding, enjoy all the fruits of victory, 375–81; retake their position at Basal, and dominate the ground between them and the British camp, 384 and note; the army of, at Basal, is increased by the junction of Chattar Singh and the Afghans, 385; range themselves in order of battle before Gujrat, 388; their centre and left are forced back, 390–1; also their right, 391–2; make a desperate effort to recover the day, 393; are baffled by Campbell, cut off from their true line of retreat by Thackwell, and driven from the field in disorder, 393–4; renounce the struggle, 395; main cause of their defeat, 395–6; consequences of the war to, 397–8.

Siraju’d daulah, succeeds Ali Verdi Khan as ruler of Bengal, Behar, and Orisa, 42; wages war against the English – the Black Hole tragedy, 43; raises an army to meet Clive, but is intimidated and retires, 46–7; attitude of, face to face with Clive, 48; crisis between, and Clive precipitated, 49; attempts to crush Mir Jafar, 50; scales fall from the eyes of, and he orders his army to Palasi, 51; joins his army, and takes up a strong position near that village, 57–8; composition of the army of, 58; formation of the army of, 59; at the crisis of the battle is persuaded by his traitor generals to quit the field – affecting incident preceding his departure, 62–4; partial vindication of, 70–1; murder of, 71.

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Sirkars, The Northern, early cession of, to the French, 73; description of, 73; conquered by the English, 74–107.

Smith, Captain, efficient conduct of, before Patna, 187–8.

Smith, Colonel Joseph, repulses Haidar Ali at Changamah and at Trinomalli, 216–17; the presence of, determines Haidar to ascend the ghats, 218; ascends the Maisur plateau, and takes Baglur and Hussur, 219; saves Wood from destruction, 220; is summoned to Madras, 223.

Smith, Mr. Culling, accepts a bribe from Mir Kasim, 130; opposes him, 139.

Smith, Sir Harry, commands the reserve of the British army at Firuzshahar, 319; is ordered up to deal finally with the enemy, 321; advances to the centre of their position, but is driven back and retreats two miles from it, 322; is despatched with a force to Dharmkot and Lodiana, 326; is maltreated by the Sikhs at Badiwal, 326; but beats them at Aliwal, 327; commands the right division at Sobraon, 329; makes a successful attack, though attended with great loss, 331–2, and note to 331.

Sobraon, Battle of, 329–32; the complement to Firuzshahar, 332–3; strength of the combatants at, 833.

Soldier, The unreformed British, at Chilianwala, 375–81, note top. 383.

Sombre, vide Samru,

St. Frais, commands the European contingent for the Nuwab at Plassey, 58; splendid behaviour of, 62–4; is forced by Clive to retreat, 65–7.

St. Thorn; Battle of, 13–15; effect of, is to revolutionise the existing condition of affairs in southern India. 15–17.

Stevenson, Colonel, strength and location of the force of, at the outbreak of the first Maratha war, 265; secures Jalnah, and arranges attack on the enemy with Wellesley, 271; joins Wellesley the day after Assaye, which had been precipitated in his absence, 277; captures Burhanpur and Asergarh, 278; and marches to besiege Gualgarh, 278; joins Wellesley, and takes part in the battle of Argaum, 279; storms Gualgarh, 280.

Straw, made leader of the mutineers, 175; returns to reason, 177.

Stuart, General, commands with effect under Sir Eyre Coote at Portonovo, 253–4.

Sumner, Mr., accepts a bribe from Mir Kasim, 130.

Surji Arjengaon, Treaty of, and its conditions, 293.

Suti, position of Mir Kasim’s army at, 150.

Symonds, Ensign, cool and intrepid conduct of, at Kaveripak, 29,30.

–T–

Taylor, Lieutenant Reynell, is selected by Sir H. Lawrence as an assistant, 338.

Tej Singh, a prominent Sikh noble, sees the necessity of crushing the insolence of the Sikh army, 311; to save himself, and to ensure its destruction, urges the Sikh army to attack the British, 312; baneful influence of, on the Sikh movements, 315; when he has a chance of fighting the English at great advantage, betrays his trust, 324; is still bent on the destruction of the Sikh army, 328; consummates the destruction of that army at Sobraon by breaking their line of retreat, 332; rewards accorded to, for his treachery, 335; makes an arrangement with the British, by which the latter shall garrison Lahor till the Maharajah attain the age of sixteen, 335–6.

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Thackwell, Sir Joseph, is despatched by Gough to cross the Chinab and turn the Sikh position, 361; finds the fords impassable, and presses on to Vazirabad, 362; is able, owing to the prescience of Nicholson, to attempt a passage there,

363; great difficulties and privations of the troops commanded by, 364; marches in a haphazard manner in search of the enemy,

364; is surprised by Sher Singh in a bad position, from which he extricates himself, 366–7; marches after the Sikhs and halts at Helah, 369; perfunctory nature of the reconnaissances carried on by, 369; cuts off the line of retreat of the Sikhs at Gujrat, 394; pursues them till recalled by Lord Gough, 894.

Tippoo, vide Tipu.

Tipu undergoes the baptism of fire, 217; intimates to his father that he was about to attack Baillie, 240; character of, 241; feebly attacks Baillie and is repulsed, 241–2; reinforced, prepares to renew the attack, 244; attacks, and (under Haidar) destroys Baillie’s army, 245–6; forces Colonel Braithwaite to surrender, 256.

Trichinapalli, the fall of, alone wanting to give the French supremacy in southern India, 19; Clive’s conduct at Arkat not in itself decisive of the fate of, 20.

Trinomalli, Haidar Ali repulsed by the English at, 216.

–U–

Ummar Das, is the third high priest of the Sikh sect, 296.

Undwah Nala, description of the position at, 151–5; Mir Kasim’s troops congregate at, 156; battle of, 157–60; consequences of the victory of, 160–2.

–V –

Vansittart, Mr., succeeds Clive in Bengal, 125; falls in with the plan of substituting Mir Kasim for Mir Jafar, and accepts a bribe from the former, 129–30; warning received by, from Clive, 133; has but one supporter in Council, Warren Hastings, 184; is powerless against his corrupt Council, 136; proceeds armed, as he believed, with full powers to Munger, to negotiate with Mir Kasim, 137; concludes a treaty, which his Council disavow, 138; endeavours to assuage the rashness of his Council, 189.

Ventura, General, enters the service of Ranjit Singh, 305.

Verelst, Mr., belongs to the party in the Calcutta Council opposed to Mir Kasim, 139.

Vijiyaram Raji, Rajah of Vijiyanagaram, is devoted to French interests, 74; is succeeded by his son, whose tendencies are reverse, 76.

Vishakpatanam, description of, 73; is seized by Anandraz Gajapati, 77.

Vizagapatam, vide Vishakpatanam.

–W–

Wallace, General, commands the centre division of the British force at Firuzshahar, 819; desperate fight of, with the enemy, 320.

Wandiwash, invested by Haidar Ali, 236; splendid defence of, by Lieut. Flint, 237–8; effect of that defence on the war, 238,248.

Watts, Mr., English agent at Murshidabad leaves that place by stealth, 51.

Wellesley, Colonel Arthur, commands the advance British force in south-western India, 264; proposes test terms to the Maratha allies, which are refused, 264–5; strength and location of the force commanded by, 265; character and previous career of, 267–9; begins the campaign by the capture of Ahmadnagar and Aurangabad, 270; arranges a plan of campaign with Stevenson, 271; suddenly beholds the enemy in front of him in position at Assaye, 272; resolves to attack without waiting for Stevenson, 273; attacks, 274; calmness and coolness of, when the advance of his guns is checked, 274; anticipates the charge of the enemy’s horsemen, and gains the village of Assaye, 274–5; follows up the enemy across the Jewah, and gains a complete victory, 276; credit due to, 276–7; led two charges and had two horses shot under him, 277; marches to cover Stevenson whilst the latter besieges Gualgarh, 278; comes upon the combined Maratha force drawn up on Argaum, 279; reconnoitres and attacks, 279; rallies the native infantry who had fallen back, 279–80; personally leads a charge of the Madras cavalry against the enemy’s cavalry and rolls them up, 280; gains a complete victory, 280; can claim the credit of subduing the Marathas in western and south-western India, 281.

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Wellesley, Marquess, policy of, towards Tipu Sultan, and Maisur, 257–8; makes preparations for the impending war with the Marathas, 265; objects of, and dangers to be met by, 282–3; system of, unwisely reversed, and wisely reintroduced, 303–4.

Whish, General, is despatched with a British force to Multan, 353; besieges Multan, 354; raises the siege and recommences it, 855; captures Multan and marches to join Lord Gough, 385; baffles Sher Singh, 387; and joins Lord Gough, 388; forces the left of the Sikh position at Gujrat, 391.

Wilson, Commodore, attacks and destroys a superior force of Dutch ships in the Hugli, 117–19.

Wood, Colonel, is surprised by Haidar Ali at Budikota, but is saved by Smith, 220; folly of, 220 note; is drawn into a snare by Haidar Ali at Malwagal, and is only saved from destruction by a ruse of Captain Brooke, 222; is regarded by the Madras Council as their “only general,” 223–4; is outmanoeuvred by Haidar, 224; when on the point of being destroyed is saved by Fitzgerald, 225–6; is removed from his command, 226.

–Y–

Yanun, description of, 78.

Yirod, strange story of the capture of, by Haidar Ali, 227–8.

Yorke, Captain, mounts the breach and dashes along the southern face of the rampart of Machhlipatanam, 100; after a brilliant success his men are seized by a panic and fall back, 101; Yorke rallies them, and leads them on, when he is met by the enemy, shot through the body, and driven back, 102; accepts a present from Mir Kasim, 130.

This collection transcribed by Chris Gage
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