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Farms of Tomorrow Revisited



(Note: readers are welcome to repost this material elsewhere, though we
ask that you notify us of your intention first via e-mail, especially if
you plan to alter the text in any way. - S.M. and TG.



FARMS OF TOMORROW REVISITED:

Copyright 1998  by Steven McFadden and Trauger Groh


In 1990 when we wrote "Farms of Tomorrow" there were perhaps 60
community supported farms (CSAs) in America.  Seven years later, when we
returned to the subject to research our new book, "Farms of Tomorrow
Revisited" (Jan., 1998), we found that there had been a phenomenal surge
of growth in the movement, and a general deepening of commitment and
knowledge among the existing farms.  In the face of the world's general
agricultural and social news, this struck us as wholesome and
heartening.

Our first book contained basic essays on new structures for community
supported farms which acknowledged that farming is not just a business
like any other profit-making business, but a precondition of all human
life on earth, and a precondition of all economic activity. As such,
farming is everyone's responsibility, and has likewise to be accessible
for everyone.  Emerging awareness of this reality was, we felt, steadily
inspiring the creation of CSAs: new farms for a new time. The
millennium, after all, lay just 10 years ahead.  

In addition to essays, "Farms of Tomorrow" contained case descriptions
of community farms to give farmers, and those who aspire to become
farmers, practical advice from people who were pioneering the movement,
and also models of how the new ideas were being brought to life.  The
book was well received because it seemed to meet an imminent need in a
world situation where fewer and fewer people participate in farming,
which has become largely remote, industrialized, and mineralized, with
harshly negative consequences for food quality, life quality, and the
environment. Eventually the book was translated into Russian, Korean,
and Japanese.

When the original book sold out, the question arose of whether to
reprint that version, or whether the experience of nearly seven years
justified a new book.  We decided for the latter -- to maintain the core
of the first book, and to add the insights gained over the years.  We
named the new book "Farms of Tomorrow Revisited,"  for through it we
revisit both the concepts, and the actual farms described in the first
book, and are thus able to document their development.  To round out our
return visits, we added descriptions of many other farms that reveal yet
other aspects of the central agricultural, environmental, economic, and
social questions.  We found a host of new CSAs to choose from, for by
now there are nearly 1,000 CSAs, and they involve an estimated 100,000
households. 

We wrote five new essays on pertinent themes: the economic, spiritual
and legal questions faced by CSAs; the development of community; the
role of animals; and observations of farm-member families.  We also made
an effort to describe the larger context in which CSA arises -- global,
industrial agriculture -- for this context is likely to have a
continuing impact, as exemplified by the debate this year over the
allegedly organic standards proposed by the USDA.  

To all this scholar Marcia Ostrom contributed an essay on the emergence
of CSA coalitions, and land-trust expert Chuck Matthei authored an
invaluable appendix on securing and holding land for the farms.  Dozens
of  other people contributed insights via discussions or shared
materials, and yet others offered beautifully written descriptions of
their CSAs. Thus with this wide community support, we were enabled to
enrich "Farms of Tomorrow Revisited" far beyond our original vision, and
to produce a volume that we  hope will stand in long and provocative
service to the next stage of development.  

As we posited in our first book, and as we reiterate in this new volume,
agriculture is the foundation of modern civilization. It will remain so
in whatever ages are yet to come.  Without a steady supply of clean,
life-giving food, we have neither the leisure nor the energy to develop
other aspects of life, such as industry, science and art.  Worldwide,
our agricultural foundation has been mutating dangerously. Global
agricultural giants offer what is to many observers a troublesome vision
of the future -- with the millennium now less than two years away.  

We share in the widely held view that our agricultural  foundation
requires immediate and comprehensive restructuring, that it might wisely
support the cultures that rise upon it.  But how can farmers and
communities even begin to approach this task?   Community farms, we have
come to see, offer a range of clear, practical and enormously helpful
possibilities.

"Farms of Tomorrow Revisited" exists as a book because of the Biodynamic
Association, which supported the research, writing, and publication.
Thus, while insights come from all quarters, the new book is rich in
both the foundational and emerging insights of biodynamics as
articulated by a corps of veteran practitioners.  We hope a wide range
of citizens will be informed by these voices. After all, the problems of
agriculture and the environment belong not just to a small minority of
active farmers; they are the problems of all humanity, and thousands of
people are searching for new ways and new solutions.  

As we conferred and looked to the universal questions of agriculture and
society, and considered the manifold modern dimensions of these
questions, we understood quickly that there is no universal solution.
There is no simple recipe or remedy for the many challenges we face. 
But there are positive directions to move in. Hundreds of farmers and
thousands of families are moving in those positive directions through
the vehicle of CSA.  Yet while  the movement's growth has been
phenomenal, it is still very much at the seedling stage of development.

In plain terms, a CSA is a community-based organization of consumers and
growers. The consumer households live independently, but agree to
provide direct, up-front support for the local growers who produce their
food.  The growers agree to do their best to provide a sufficient
quantity and quality of food to meet the needs and expectations of the
consumers.  In this way the farms and families form a network of mutual
support, whether the community be a region, a neighborhood, a church, a
school, or something else.  Within the general framework of CSA there is
wide latitude for variation, depending on the resources and desires of
the participants.  No two community farms are entirely alike.  

The experiments in farming described in "Farms of Tomorrow Revisited"
represent new social and ecological forms of agriculture which have
arisen in recent years while traditional family farms have declined and
industrial agriculture has increased.  These new farms involve many
local families directly in the decisions and labor which produce the
vegetables, fruits, milk, and meat they eat.  

As we revisited the subject to do research over the last two years, we
learned that some CSAs have risen only to collapse. They failed because
of poor growing technique, poor financial management, or poor community
building skills.  Yet many more community farms succeed than fail, and
many important lessons have been learned.  

As we conceive of it -- and as it is being practiced at a great many
farms -- CSA is not just another new and clever approach to marketing
for farmers.  Rather, community farming is about the necessary renewal
of agriculture through its healthy linkage with the human community that
depends upon farming for survival.  From experience, we also see the
potential of community farming as the basis for a renewal of the human
relationship with the earth.

While CSAs confront a host of challenges and questions, they do work:
they feed people, they save energy and money, they take care of the
land, they make it possible for people to farm the land on a sensible
scale, and they bring networks of independent households back into
direct connection with each other and the Earth.  For increasingly large
circles of families and farmers, CSAs are working.  If not growing all
the answers, these farms can at least be said to be cultivating the
right questions. 

                            - END -

-------------------------------------------------------------
Steven McFadden is the author of several non-fiction books on aging,
wisdom, and contemporary Native American philosophy. He is director of
The Wisdom Conservancy at 148 Merriam Hill Rd., Greenville, NH   03048. 

Trauger Groh has over 40 years experience as a farmer in Europe and
America, and is an active farmer at the Temple-Wilton Community Farm,
135 Temple Rd., West Wilton, NH  03086.  
-------------------------------------------------------------

"Farms of Tomorrow Revisited: Community Supported Farms, Farm Supported
Communities," by Trauger Groh and Steven McFadden, 1998, 310 pp.,
Biodynamic Farming and Gardening Association,  Kimberton, PA   (1-800-
516-7797)
ISBN# 093825013-2
-------------------------------------------------------------

The book costs $17.50  US.  
To order, send a check for that amount 
plus $3.50 postage and handling (total $21.00) to:
                                
THE WISDOM CONSERVANCY                  
at Merriam Hill Education Center       
148 Merriam Hill Rd.                     
Greenville, NH   03048                  
                         

Order via credit card from:  
Chelsea Green, Inc. 
(1-800-639-4099)

Order on line at:
Amazon.com

"Farms of Tomorrow Revisited" is distributed 
to shops and to the book trade by:

Chelsea Green, Inc.
PO Box 428 
White River Junction, VT 05001  
(1-800-639-4099)
--------------------------------------------------------------
    
The Wisdom Conservancy is a private, non-profit, 
non-sectarian, educational institute based in rural 
New Hampshire. 

FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ON THIS ANNOUNCEMENT
Contact Steven McFadden: 
Tawndor@tidalwave.net

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