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5000. THE PREPARATION OF CIC PROBLEMS FOR TRAINING.

    In preparing CIC problems the first thing to bear in mind is the object of the problem. Each problem should be so designed that some definite object is stressed by working the problem. Once the object is decided on, the next step is to get a general outline of the problem. Decide how involved or how simple it is desired to make it. Now work out the bearings and ranges of the target relative to own ship's track. The simplest way to work this out is to set up the problem on a range keeper and record generated ranges and bearings at the times desired.

    It should be borne in mind that real radar tracking carried on in CIC has two characteristics that should be included in the problems. Time intervals may vary. It is the exception than the rule when the interval is an even minute or when all the reports are made on the minute. Due to bearing errors mostly and to some extent range errors, a good track of a raid plotted from radar ranges is seldom a perfectly straight line -even though the target steers a steady course. Consequently, a more interesting problem results if the time intervals vary and the bearings and ranges are so selected that the raid's track becomes a slightly wavy line rather than an absolutely straight line. After the bearings and ranges are determined the rest of the job consists of correlating logical reports which would be associated with the plot.

    The "Canned Problems" presented in the problem section illustrate the results of this reasoning. These problems were made up to bring out the fundamentals of CIC operations to CIC teams just forming. For personnel that have had considerable experience, these problems are too simple. More complex problems should be made up as the training progresses. The best aid to making a good problem is keen imagination on the part of the person making up the problem. To maintain a CIC crew in constant readiness requires constant drill. This drill must be so planned and executed that keen interest is maintained by the CIC teams.

    The following remarks are quoted from DesPac's CIC Bulletin #1-44 of 17 February 1944:

    "Many destroyers fail to realize the excellent training facilities aboard ship in the Rangekeepers or Computers. This is evidenced by the constant demand on the Radar Operator's School for plotting training. The desire for training is commendable, but the failure to recognize and utilize their own facilities is inexcusable. No ship should go to routine General Quarters without prosecuting some form of training. Attention is directed to part VI of Pac 10 (USF 10A also) which states in part that all members of CIC teams will be trained to utmost perfection. Commanding Officers will initiate immediate steps to comply with directive.

    Very realistic conduct of a torpedo (or any other) duel can be simulated by stationing one officer in 'plot' to conduct the enemy tactics while CIC and Conn maneuver own ship. In such an arrangement it is only necessary to have phones between the surface plotting team and the computer. The JX is a suggested circuit. The complete torpedo control problem can be very realistically simulated by such an arrangement. This drill has the added advantage of being able to accurately determine the outcome of the duel. And too, torpedo director, radar, DRT, and IC casualties can easily be run into the problem. Such training is invaluable and must be used to the fullest

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    extent. The results of CIC tracking exercises in the Hawaiian Area leave much to be desired. It showed the perfectly obvious to all concerned that the best equipped CIC in the fleet "is no better than its ability to obtain a correct solution. With this in mind, Commanding Officers should constantly check the plotting ability of their CIC teams by means of generated ranges and bearings. Any failure to obtain a reasonably accurate solution should require immediate investigation."

    The above remarks can be made applicable to any ship.

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APPENDIX A

PROBLEMS

--A-1--


  1. DRILL PROBLEMS.

    1. Finding speed, time or distance when two of these values are given and the third unknown:

      D = S × T, or S = D/T, or T = D/S.

      D = Distance traveled, expressed in miles or yards. S Speed or rate of travel, expressed in knots. T Time of travel, expressed in hours or minutes.

        Example:

        If S = 15 knots, T = 2 hours, then D will equal 30 miles or 60, 000 yards. And if D = 52 miles and T = 2 hours, then S will equal 16 knots.

      1. Find the missing part below:

          SPEED TIME DISTANCE
        1. 15 knots 8 hours ?
        2. ? 4 hours 17 miles
        3. 30 knots ? 20 miles
        4. 7 knots ? 26 miles
        5. 22 knots 30 minutes ? yards
        6. ? 45 minutes 15 miles
        7. 22 knots ? 1000 yards
        8. ? 3 minutes 1500 yards
        9. 19 knots ? 1900 yards
        10. 13 knots 6 minutes ? yards

      2. 1° = 60'
        1' = 60"
        ° = degree of arc
        ' = minute of arc
        " = second of arc

        1. Add: 125°30' 25" to 23° 54' 56"

        2. Add: 35°42' 15" to 330° 19* 15"

        3. Add: 22°59' 59" to 68° 25' 32"

        4. Subtract:85° 15' 23" from 135° 46' 56"

        5. Subtract:108° 34' 14" from 22° 32' 10"

        6. Subtract:122° 23' 24" from 15° 26' 28"

        7. Subtract: 99° 45' 20" from 1° 2' 26"

        8. Add: 102° 14' 15" to 32° 14' 15"

        9. Add: 82°59' 22" to 270° 19' 52"

        10. Subtract: 85° 11' 21" from 270° 18' 19"

    1. DEAD RECKONING.

      1. Initial point "A", time 1400, make a DR plot of the movements of the

--A-2--


      ship if she was maneuvered as follows: 1400 ship on course 091°(T) , speed 10 knots; 14150 changes course to 039°. She steams for 8 miles on course 039° then changes course to 120°(T) and steams at 30 knots until 1630.

      Find:

      1. Distance traveled from 1400 to 1430.
      2. Time ship changed course to 120°.
      3. Total distance traveled.
      4. Range and hearing of final position with respect to initial position.
    1. Initial point "A" time 0900, ship on course 270° (T) , speed 15 knots. Make a DR plot of the movement of the ship as follows:

        0930 change speed to 30 knots.
        0954 change course to 120°(T).
        1030 change course to 060°(T).
        1045 change speed to 10 knots.
        1100 end of track.

      Find from plot the total distance traveled and range and true bearing of 1100 position from 0900 position.

    2. Initial point "A" time 0954, ship on course 090°(T) , speed 10 knots. Make a DR plot of the movement of the ship as follows:

        0956 change course to 096°(T).
        0959 change speed to 15 knots
        1007 change course to 080°(T)
        1012 change course to 075°(T)
        1018 change speed to 12 knots
        1027 change course to 090°(T)
        1032 change course to 098°(T)
        1037 change speed to 10 knots
        1054 End of problem.

      Find from plot the total distance traveled and course and speed made good from initial point "A".

    3. Make a DR plot of a ship starting from point "A" at time 1600 and underway on the following course and speeds:

        1600 course 240° speed 12 knots.
        1612 change course to 270°(T) speed to 6 knots.
        1615 change speed to 10 knots.
        1620 change course to 060°(T).
        1636 increase speed to 15 knots.
        1642 change course to 115° (T) speed to 10 knots.
        1650 change course to 090°(T).
        1700 End of problem at point "B".

--A-3--


      Find from plot the total distance traveled, and the bearing and range of "B" and "A".

    1. Make a DR plot of a ship starting from point "A" at time 0600 and underway on the following courses and speeds:

        0600 course 200°(T) speed 18 knots.
        0608 change course to 320°(T).
        0618 change course to 080°(T) speed to 10 knots.
        0630 change course to 150°(T).
        0640 change speed to 5 knots; course to 000°(T).
        0655 change course to 345 (T).
        0710 End of problem at point "B".

      Find the total distance traveled, and bearing and range of "B" and "A".

    2. Make a DR plot of a ship starting from point "A" at time 1000 and underway on the following courses and speeds:

        1000 Course 350°(T), speed 20 knots'.
        1007 Change course to 093°(T).
        1011 Change speed to 15 knots.
        1015 Change course to 244°(T), speed to 21 knots.
        1021 Change course to 154°(T).
        1028 Change course to 270°(T), speed to 12 knots.
        1040 Change course to 005°(T).
        1045 What course will have to be taken at this time to return to point "A", and at 12 knots, how long will it take?

    3. Make a DR plot of a ship starting from point "A" at time 1800 and underway on the following courses and speeds:

        2330 Course 040°(T), speed 18 knots.
        2342 Course 272°(T), speed 15 knots.
        2352 Course 118° (T), speed 15 knots.
        2400 Change speed to 12 knots.
        0010 Course 185° (T).
        0015 Course 255°(T), speed 15 knots.
        0033 Course 345°(T), speed 18 knots.
        0045 End of problem at point "B".

      What is the bearing and range of "B" from "A"? At what time after 2350 was the ship closest to point "A"?

    4. Plot the following zigzag plan on a base course of 040°(T), speed of ship 18 knots.

      Base Course for 4 minutes:

        20° left of base course for 6 minutes.
        10° left of base course for 5 minutes.
        30° right of base course for 4 minutes.

--A-4--


      Base course for 4 minutes:

        10° right of base course for 5 minutes.
        30° left of base course for 4 minutes.

      Base course for 6 minutes:,

        20° right of base course for 6 minutes.
        Find the speed made good.

    1. Plot the following zigzag plan on a base course of 300°(T), speed of ship 15 knots:

        10° right of base course for 6 minutes.

      Base course for 5 minutes.

        25° left of base course for 6 minutes.
        15° left of base course for 5 minutes.

      Base course for 4 minutes.

        15° right of base course for 5 minutes.
        10° left of base course for 6 minutes.
        25° right of base course for 6 minutes.
        Find the speed made good.

  1. SURFACE PLOTTING PROBLEMS.

    For use on both DRT and polar coordinate plots. Plot and find courses and speeds of the raids. On summary surface plot, note how changes of course of own ship or of raid affect the plot.

    Problem 1.

    Own ship's initial course and speed: 015°(T), 15 knots.

    TIME RAID BEARING RANGE       TIME RAID BEARING RANGE
    00 Able 002 9100   10 Able 140 1720
    01 " 005 8160   11 " 160 2600
    02 " 007 7220   12 " 172 3620
    03 " 012 6360   122 (Own ship changes course to 320°(T)).
    04 " 017 5500   13 Able 172 4700
    05 " 024 4660   14 " 172 5800
    06 " 033 3960   15 " 172 6860
    07 " 042 2880   16 " 172 7940
    08 " 058 1920   17 " 173 9100
    09 " 096 1400   18 " 172 10240

--A-5--


    Problem 2.

    Own ship's initial course and speed: 100°(T), 18 knots.

    TIME RAID BEARING RANGE       TIME RAID BEARING RANGE
    00 Baker 048 4900   082 (Own ship's speed to 21 kts.)
    01 " 046 4660   09 Baker 039 2780
    02 " 045 4400   10 " 036 2500
    03 " 044 4180   11 " 034 2280
    04 " 043 3920   12 " 028 1980
    05 " 040 3700   13 " 024 1740
    06 " 040 3500   14 " 016 1500
    07 " 040 3320   15 " 008 1280
    08 " 040 3120   16 " 355 1160

    Problem 3.

    Own ship's initial course and speed: 220°(T) 20 knots.

    TIME RAID BEARING RANGE       TIME RAID BEARING RANGE
    00 Charlie 272 9160   09 Charlie 308 3420
    01 " 274 8460   10 " 325 3140
    02 " 275 7800   11 " 342 3100
    03 " 278 7240   12 ii. 000 3380
    04 " 280 6600   122 (Own ship's course to 200°(T)).
    042 (Own ship's course to 230°(T)).   13 Charlie 008 3680
          14 " 015 4400
    05 Charlie 283 5900   15 " 018 5180
    06 " 286 5220   16 " 024 6000
    07 " 290 4660   17 ii. 025 6680
    08 " 295 4000          

    Problem 4.

    Own ship's initial course and speed: 150° (T) 18 knots.

    TIME RAID BEARING RANGE       TIME RAID BEARING RANGE
    00 Dog 282 4040   10 Dog 208 1600
    01 " 280 3720   102 (Own ship come to course 180° (T) 20 knots.)
    02 " 280 3440    
    03 " 278 3160   11 Dog 186 1440
    04 " 275 2840   12 " 165 1460
    05 " 272 2560   13 " 148 1640
    052 (Own ship slow to 10 kts.)   14 " 135 1900
    06 Dog 270 2300   15 " 124 2360
    07 " 258 1900   16 " 102 2820
    08 " 245 1640   17 " 090 3600
    09 " 225 1600   18 " 082 1180
              19 " 075 5400

--A-6--


Problem. 5.

Own ship's initial course and speed: 080°(T) 12 knots.

TIME RAID BEARING RANGE       TIME RAID BEARING RANGE
00 Easy 058 19,000   092 Easy 045 11,220
003 " 056 18,400   103 " 042 10,640
013 " 051 17,600   113 " 040 10,000
021 " 055 17,200   122 " 034 9,160
03 " 051 16,600   13 " 032 8,840
041 " 052 15,600   132 (Own ship 's course to 080° (T.)
05 " 052 15,000    
053 " 050 14,200   14 Easy 026 8,520
071 " 048 13,000   152 " 018 8,180
072 (Own ship 's course to 065°(T)).   161 " 014 8,000
081 Easy 048 12,800   17 " 010 8,000
09 " 045 12,000          

Problem 6.

(2 targets). Own ship's initial course and speed, 015°(T) 15 knots.

TIME RAID BEARING RANGE       TIME RAID BEARING RANGE
00 Fox 204 3720          
01 " 203 3600          
02 " 204 3500          
03 " 203 3420          
04 " 202 3320          
05 " 202 3200   052 Item 348 3300
06 " 202 3120   062 " 344 2880
07 " 200 3020   072   338 2500
08 " 200 3520   082 " 330 2200
09 " 200 4000   092 " 320 1820
10 " 200 4480   102 Cease 305 tracking 1600
(101 Own ship changes course to 320°(T)).
11 Fox 192 4820          
12 " 188 5140          
13   182 5200          
14 " 178 5260   142 Item 175 1500
15 " 172 5400          
16   166 5560          
17 " 162 5800          
18 " 158 6040   182 " 155 3300
19 " 155 6320          
20   150 6580          

--A-7--


Problem 7.

(2 targets). Own ship's course 060°(T), 12 knots.

TIME RAID BEARING RANGE       TIME RAID BEARING RANGE
00 George 150 8000   002 King 031 7000
01 " 150 8020   012 " 034 6780
02 " 150 8080   022 " 036 6500
03 " 150 8000   032 " 040 6320
04 " 150 8040   042 " 042 6120
05 " 150 7980   052 Hi 045 5680
06 " 150 8000   062 " 048 5300
07 " 150 8000   071 " 051 4900
(072 Own ship 's course change to 108°(T)).          
08 George 150 7800   082 King 056 4240
09 " 148 7360   092 " 056 3700
10 " 150 6940   102 " 054 3220
11 " 152 6520   112 " 055 2700
12 " 150 6200   122 " 056 2220
13 " 150 5660   132 " 055 1650
14 " 152 5240   142 " 055 1300
(143 Own ship 's course change to 060°(T)).          
15 George 152 5000   152 King 072 840
16 " 150 5020   162 " 110 600
17 " 150 4980   172 " 156 720
18 " 152 5000   182 " 180 1080
19 " 150 5000   192 " 188 1560

Problem 8.

(3 targets.) Own ship's course and speed 030°(T). 15 knots.

TIME RAID BEAR. RANGE       TIME RAID BEAR. RANGE       TIME RAID BEAR. RANGE
00 Item 315 22,300                    
01 " 314 21,700   012 Jig 202 21,400          
02 " 312 20,800   022 " 205 17,000          
03 " 310 20,100   032 " 210 13,000          
04 " 310 19,200   042 " 222 9,100          
05 " 308 18,600   052 " 245 5,800          
06 " 307 18,000   062 " 291 5,000          
07 " 302 17,500   072 " 326 7,500          
08 " 300 17,200   082 " 342 11,200          
            Cease tracking          
(082 Own ship change course and speed to 180°(T) 18 knots.)
09 Item 300 17,100                    
10 " 298 17,200                    
11 " 298 17,100             113 King 136 11,000
12 " 298 17,000             123 " 132 10,800

--A-8--


Problem 8. (Cont'd)

TIME RAID BEAR. RANGE       TIME RAID BEAR. RANGE       TIME RAID BEAR. RANGE
13 Item 300 16,800             133 King 130 11,000
14 " 302 16,600             143 " 125 11,300
15 " 304 16,300             153 " 122 11,300
16 " 305 16,000             163 " 116 11,500
17 " 306 15,900             Cease tracking
18 " 308 15,500                    
19 " 310 15,400                    
20 " 312 15,100                    

5140. RELATIVE: MOVEMENT AND MANEUVERING BOARD PROBLEMS.

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5200. CIC DRILL PROBIEMS.

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