Tables:–
a. The fifteen separate voyages of the Dutch to the Indies, v7.p292
b. Ships sent on the first voyage of the English East India Company in 1601, v7.p292
c. The first nine voyages of the English East India Company, v7.p293
d. Marine records of the four voyages of the first Joint Stock, v7.p294
Tadmor, v6.p2
Tadmur (Palmyra), name suggested and adopted for the new city al-Mahfuzah, v5.p18
Tadwadi (or Madwa) Weistnouwa, a sub-sect of the Brahmans, v9.p252, v9.pp255–256
Taghan Khan, king of Turkistan, envoy of, visits Mahmud of Ghazni, v5.p55
Taghi Khan, a commander of the left wing of Sultan Mahmud’s army, v5.p206
Taghlak Shah II, son of Fath Khan
Appointed to rule the realm of Firoz Shah, v3.p158
Death of, v3.p161
Taghlak
Warden of the marches under Ala-ad-din, afterwards made king, v3.p119, v3.p127
Death of, in 1326, v3.p129
House of, dynastic list of the, v3.p253
House of, Mohammedan dynasty, v3.p63
Leads his army to Bengal, v3.p129
Marches against Khusru Khan, to save Delhi, v3.p127
Order restored in Delhi by, v3.p128
Taghlakabad, suburb of Delhi, founded by Taghlak, v3.p137
Taghlak-pur, Timur encamps at, v5.p195
Ta-hia, Chinese name for Bactrians, v2.p221
Tahirids, Persian dynasty, decline of the, v5.p24
Taila II and III, Chalukya kings, v2.p356, v2.p358
Taj Mahal at Agra
Architect of the, v4.pp100–101
Description of the, v4.pp100–102
Taj-ad-din Sanjar escapes from the prison of Katlagh Khan and reaches Bahraich, v5.p127
Taj-ad-din Yildiz, Sultan of Ghazni
Death of, v5.p97
Defeated and captured by Shams-ad-din Altamish at Narain, v5.p97
Defeated by the army of Khwarizm, v5.p97
Flees after defeat at hands of Kutb-ad-din, v5.p91
Makes a treaty with Shams-ad-din Altamish, v5.p97
Taj-al-malik Mahmud directed by Shams-ad-din Altamish to name Raziya as heiress to the kingdom and throne, v5.p105
Taj-al-mulk Kafuri, tomb of, repaired by Firoz Shah, v5.p167
Takinabad, Mohammad Ghori assigned to, v5.p78
Talikot, battle of, and overthrow of the Vijayanagar kingdom (1564), v6.p82
Talikot, battle of, in 1565, v7.p218
Tamerlane, see Timur
Tamerlane, see Timur.
Tamil, states, v2.p141
Hostility to Ceylon, v2.p168
Language boundary, v2.p372
Tamim ibn Zaid al-Utbi
Appointed to frontier of Sind, v5.p17
Death of, v5.p17
Tamluk, probably = Tamralipti, v2.p141
Tamralipti = Tamluk
Tana, a town in north-eastern Africa, Osman ibn Abu-I-Asi sends an army against, v5.p2
Tana, city near Bombay, Arab expedition to, in 637, v3.p3
Tanjore, v4.p155
Tanjore, district, v2.p107
Great temple at, v2.p376
Tanjore
The English intervene at the banishment of a prince of, v8.pp114–115
Fruitlessly raided by the French, v8.p142
Tanka, a copper coin, forgeries of, v3.p141
Gold and silver, the standard currency of Mohammad Taghlak, v3.p142
Gold, introduced by Balban, v3.p76
Gold, rise in value of, v3.p141
Silver, corresponds in weight to English florin, v3.p76
Silver, standard coin in India in the thirteenth century, v3.p76
Taprobane, Greek name of Ceylon, v1.p207
Tapti, a river of the Bombay presidency, v7.p26
Tapti, valley of, in the Deccan, retains its independence, v3.p186
Tarai pillar inscriptions, v2.p148
Tardi Beg, defeated in battle, v4.p3
Tariff under Ala-ad-din, v3.p117
Tartar Khan, embassy of Louis IX to the, on the Black Sea (1253), v6.p36
Tartars, Franciscan friars sent by Pope Clement IV to the, in Persia (1245), v6.p36
Tartars, repelled by Ala-ad-din, v5.p142
Tartary, Cathay or Cataya, a name applied vaguely to, v6.pp175–176
Frobisher’s expedition to reach (1577), v6.pp184–185
Tatar Gakkar
Blockades his cousin Hati Gakkar, v5.p230
Ruler of hill country between Nilab and Bahrah, v5.p229
Submits to Daulat Khan, v5.p230
Tatar Khan, a general under Firoz Shah, v3.p155
Tavernier, a French traveller in India, v4.p66, v4.p92
Describes Aurangzib’s asceticism, v4.p122
Tax, religious, abolished, v4.p121
See also Jizya
Taxation
Effect of, on natives, in the reign of Mohammad Taghlak, v2.pp135–136
In the Doab in the reign of Ala-ad-din, v3.p117
Under Akbar, v4.p16, v4.pp27–29, v4.p32
Under Ala-ad-din, v3.p107, v3.p110
Under Aurangzib, v4.p219
Under Firoz Shah, as laid down in the Koran, v3.p150
Under Mohammad Taghlak, v3.p136
Under Shah Jahan, v4.p92
Taxes, v1.pp209–210
Some exempt from paying, v1.p209
Taxila, a great city, v2.p43
“Ten Tribes”, country of, v2.p323
A ruined city of Northern India, v9.p7
Customs of the people of, v9.pp53–54
Fixed government of, v9.p18
Manua administration of, v2.p118
Satraps of, subject to Kashmir in sev-enth century, v2.p317
Seat of Hindu learning, v2.p56
Submitted to Alexander, v2.p64
Teachers, individual, in Brahmanic period v1.p144
Teaching of the Golden Mean, v1.p290
Tearkon the Ethiopian advances as far as Europe, v9.p4
Teheran, Peacock Throne taken to palace of the Shah of Persia at, v5.p323
Telingana, region of the Deccan, v3.p119, v3.p129
Ala-ad-din’s army encamps at, v5.p144
Lost to the Bahmanid Sultans, v3.p192
Raja of, sends elephants for use of Ma-ad-din, v5.p144
Tributary to Delhi, v3.p137
Tellicherri
An important base of operations in case of war, v9.p321
Description of, by William Francklin, v9.pp319–322
Fortifications of, v9.pp319–320
Siege of, v9.p320
Strength of the garrison of, in time of peace, v9.p321
Temple, Sir William, negotiator of the Triple Alliance, v8.p39
Temples, Hindu, destroyed by Aurangzib, v4.p121
Temples, unknown in the Vedic period, v1.p5
Not mentioned in the Rig-Veda, v1.p62, v1.p76
Ten fetters, Buddhist, breaking of the, v1.p307
Kings, battle of the, v1.p37, v1.p38
Tenasserim provinces, annexation of, v8.p390
Tennyson, poem of, entitled “Dream of Akbar”, v4.p40
Ternate, in the Moluccas, shakes off the Portuguese yoke, v7.p39
Sultan of, enters into an alliance with the Dutch for protection against a Spanish-Portuguese armada, v7.p72
Sultan of, friendly to English, v7.p76
Terry, Rev. Edward, at Jahangir’s court, v4.p79
Thanesar = Sthanvisvara, v2.p294
Thanesar, a city in the Panjab
Mahmud of Ghazni fights a battle near, v3.p24
Mahmud of Ghazni attacks chief of, and is victorious, v5.pp63–64
Sacred lake at, v4.p11
Thaneswar
Highly venerated by the Hindus, v9.p177
A sacred pond at, v9.p197
Reasons for the sanctity of, v9.p199
Thankar conquered in 1195 A.D. by Mu’izz-ad-din, v5.p90
Thatta, city of Sind, unsuccessful expedition of Mohammad Taghlak against, v3.p145
Unsuccessful expedition of Firoz Shah against, v3.p148
Thebes, ancient trade emporium, v6.p21
Theft, punishment of, v1.p221
Theodosia, ancient trade emporium, v6.p16
Thevenot, travels of, in India, v4.p56
Thirty Years’ War, v8.p28
Thomas, Edward, citation from, v3.p140
Thomas, Saint, v2.p208
Thorne, Master Robert, advocates the North-west Passage (1527), v6.p176
Thrake, Sesostris conducts an army to, v9.p4
Throne, Hindu, description of a, v9.p132
Thylde, Captain, western explorations of (1480), v6.p173
Tibet invaded by Shah Jahan, v5.pp327–330
Tibet, Buddhism in, in the seventh century A.D., v1.p280
Tibet
Kambojas of, v2.p160
Relations of India with, v2.p322
Tidore, One of the Moluccas
King of, appeals to England in 1605 for help against the Dutch, v7.p76
made over to Portugal by Spain (1529), v6.p127
Becomes a source of tribute to Spain, which tribute was paid in cloves, v6.p127
Spanish-Portuguese claim to, acknowledged by England (1599), v6.p227
Tigers in India, size of, v9.p30
Tilak Ghunan, arrival of Timur at, v5.p193
Tilak
Appointed commander in the Panjab, v3.p44
Personality of, v3.p45
Timber in ancient Indian buildings, v2.p125
Time, Chinese account of Hindu measures of, v9.p126
Timoja, famous corsair in the East
Assists the Portuguese in the taking of Goa (1510), v6.p116, v6.p132
Is largely rewarded, v6.p133
Dies opportunely for the Portuguese (1511), v6.p134
Timur, (Timur Lang, Tamerlane), v4.p13, v4.p181, v4.p188
Accepts a ransom for his prisoners at Delhi, v3.p167
Army of, breaks restraint and plunders Delhi, v5.pp217–218
Army of, pillage and massacre at Delhi unrestrained, v2.pp167–168
Burns city of ruler of Kator, v5.p188
Castilian embassy to (1402), v6.p37
Conquests of, afford Babar a claim to the Panjab, v3.p204
Conquests of, in India, v2.pp161–169
Decision of, to invade India, v3.p162
Defeats Mahmud, v5.p210
Defeats Turks at Angora (1402), v6.p37
Descent of army of, from mountain of Kator, v5.p186
Description of battle of, with Mahmud, v5.pp207–209
Description of the taking of Delhi by, v2.pp165–167
Drives the Knights Hospitallers from Smyrna to Rhodes (1403), v6.p13
Dynasty of, downfall of the, v3.p201
Fords the Jumna and begins to strengthen his position, v5.p204
Gathers army for conquest of Hindustan, v5.p183
Holds council on invasion of Hindustan, v5.pp175–179
Holds court and instructs his army in the art of war, v5.pp201–202
Invasion of India by (1398–1399), v6.p82
Last sovereign of the race of, dies in exile at Rangoon, v3.p201
Leaves India, v3.p169
Line of march of, after leaving Samarkand in 1398, v3.p165
March of, against Kator one of great hardship, v5.pp185–186
Message of, to inhabitants of Kator, v5.p189
Moghul invader of India, v3.p63
Orders that all infidel prisoners be put to death, v5.pp202–203
Prayers said in name of, at the Jami’ Masjid at Delhi, v5.p214
Prisoners of, at Delhi, sent to Samarkand to teach the handicrafts of India, v3.p167
Proposed expedition of, against Hindustan, v5.pp174–175
Reconnoitres about the Jahan-numa, v5.p200
Return of, to Samarkand, v5.p222
Sets up his throne in Delhi and holds court there, v5.p212, v5.pp214–215
Sets watches at gates of Delhi to prevent the escape of inhabitants, v5.p212
Spares all clever artisans of Delhi that he may employ them in building up his new empire, v5.p219
Spares lives of Kators embracing Mohammedanism, v5.p189
Takes Jammu, v3.p169
Takes Nagarkot, v3.p169
Victorious at Hardwar, v3.p169
Victorious at Mirat, v3.p168
Timur Shah, son of Ahmad Shah, v4.p228, v4.p229, v4.p231, v4.p233, v4.p248
Tipara, district of Bengal, scanty knowledge of, v3.p174
Tippu of Mysore
Allied with the French, v8.p304, v8.p307
Attacks Travancore, v8.p286
Besieged in Seringapatam, v8.p310
Character of, v8.pp311–312
Death of, v8.p310
Return of, from the Isle of France, v8.p307
Sends embassies to Constantinople and Paris, v8.p285
Signs a treaty of peace ceding territory to the English, v8.p287
Treaty of peace with, v8.p257
Tirhut, city of Bengal, north of the Ganges, v2.p34
Mints of Mohammad Taghlak at, v3.p143
Tishyarakshita, a legendary queen of Asoka, v2.p175
Tissa, King of Ceylon, v2.p168
Tissa, son of Moggali, v1.p319
Tivara, a son of Asoka, v2.p175
Tobacco, counterblast of Jahangir against, v4.p59
Todar Mal, a famous Rajput, finance minister of Akbar, v4.p23, v4.p28, v4.p27, v4.p29
Liberal policy of, in opening offices to Hindus, v4.p30
Policy of, in land taxation, v4.p31
Token currency of Mohammad Taghlak, v2.pp139–142
Tokharistan governed by Ya’kub ibn Lais, v5.p26
Tolak, commander of fort at Sarhind, v5.p84
Tolerance, Akbar’s religious, v4.p15, v4.p51, v4.p60
Tolowa, an extinct sub-caste of the Sudras, v9.p246
Tolstoi, Count, Russian author and reformer, v4.p122
Tomaras, Hindu dynasty at Delhi and Kanauj, v3.p23
Succeeded by the rajas of Kanauj, v3.p68
Tomb of Babar still a place of pilgrimage, v3.p223
Tong-she-hu, Turkish chief, v2.p322
Tonsure, ceremony of, v1.p247
Toramana, Hun chief, v2.p286
Torbay
First voyage of East India Company sails from (1601), v6.p246
Squadron of the East India Company starts from, v7.p2
Tordesillas, treaty of (1494), between Spain and Portugal, and Papal division of the new world, v6.pp61–67, v6.p197
Torna, a castle near Poona, v4.p153
Tosali, city, v2.p118, v2.p142
Toscanelli, Florentine astronomer, letter and chart of, quoted, v6.p58
Towerson, Gabriel
Alone specified by name in Dutch accusation of the Amboyna victims, v7.p124
Burned by the natives at Bantam, v7.p13
Chief agent of the English East India Company at Amboyna, v7.p118
Confiding character of, and his friendship for Van Speult, v7.pp134–139
Declares his innocence, v7.p123, v7.p125
Dying declaration of, written in a Bible, v7.p125
Execution of, v7.pp127–128, v7.p136
Innocence of, asserted on a bill of debt, v7.p125
Marries the widow of Captain William Hawkins, v7.p134
Seized and imprisoned by the Dutch, v7.p118
Torture of, v7.p127
Towns, Hindu, Hivan Tsang’s description of, v9.pp130–131
Towns, stone-built, v1.p27
Plan of, in Brahmanic and Epic periods, v1.p150
Trade
Affected by the Crusades, v6.p12
Distinction between private and licensed, v6.p253
Early, at Ceylon, v6.pp24–27, v6.p29, v6.p78
Early, at Malabar, v6.p23, v6.p24, v6.p29, v6.p75, v6.p81
Early, at Malacca, v6.p27, v6.p29, v6.p78
Northern European, v6.pp34–35, v6.pp172–216, v6.pp220–221
Of Ceuta, v6.pp43–44
Papal influence on maritime discovery and, in fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, v6.p59, v6.pp63–66, v6.p85, v6.p95,116:117, v6.pp167–168, v6.p173
Private, “pass system” ineffectual to check, v6.p161
Private, a source of political weakness, v6.p157
Private, abortive efforts of the Portuguese to check, v6.p158
Private, English forbidden by the charter of 1600 to indulge in, v6.p231
Private, from port to port defies all control, v6.pp155–156
Private, ruins the royal trade, v6.pp155–157
Private, the result of inadequate salaries, v6.pp162–163
Profits accruing to Portuguese sea-captains from private, v6.p153
Ships’ crews allowed to indulge in a small way, in private, v6.pp154–155
Value of Oriental, in 1615, v8.p13
With Arabs, v4.p54
Trade routes, v8.p3
Ancient, in the hands of Semitic races, v6.pp3–10, v6.p29
Blocked by the Turks, v6.p1, v6.p19, v6.pp31–33, v6.p202, v6.p205, v6.p207, v6.p208
Captured by Romans, v6.pp9–11
Captured by Saracens, v6.pp11–13
Captured by Turks, v6.p13, v6.pp31–35
Closing of the old Asiatic, v6.pp1–35
Early Chinese, v6.pp27–31
Indo-Egyptian, v6.pp19–24, v6.pp29–33, v6.pp77–78, v6.pp124–127, v6.pp151–153, v6.p167
Middle or Syrian, v6.p1, v6.pp2–14, v6.pp31–32
Northern, or Black Sea, v6.p1, v6.pp13–20, v6.pp32–35, v6.pp36–37
Portuguese, Dutch, and English, with India, v4.p54,515, v4.p94, v4.p96
Power gained by command of, v6.p2
Security of, menaced, v8.p3
Southern, or Red Sea and Egyptian, v6.p1, v6.pp20–33, v6.p78, v6.p124
Struggle for the, v6.p1, v6.pp5–34
Under Aurangzib, v4.p143, v4.p144
Trajan, v6.p11
Indian embassy to, v2.p226
Transmigration of souls, v1.p308
Doctrine of, v1.p179
Extract concerning, in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, v1.pp179–180
According to Sankhya philosophy, v1.pp256–257
In Nyaya philosophy, v1.pp263–264
According to Vedanta philosophy, v1.p271
Travel, maritime, not forbidden in ancient India, v1.p60
Travellers
Asoka’s provision for, lt33
Harsha’s institutions for, v2.p305
European, in India, v4.p51, v4.p139
See also Andersen, Bernier, Careri, Mandelslo, Manrique, Olearius, Ovington
Treaties
1386 between England and Portugal, v6.p40
1489 between England and Portugal, v6.p172, (1572), v6.p204
1479 of Alcagora between Spain and Portugal, v6.p62
1494 of Tordesillas between Spain and Portugal,), v6.p64, v6.p65, v6.p197
1500 Portuguese, with Cochin, v6.p86
1503 Portuguese, with Quilon, v6.p90, (1520), v6.p123
1507 Portuguese, with Ormuz, v6.p100, (1523), v6.p123
1513 Portuguese, with Calicut, v6.p120, (1515, 1540), v6.p121
1528 Portuguese, with Tidore, v6.p171, v6.p172
1534 Portuguese, with Gujarat, v6.p128
1560 Portuguese, with Amene, v6.p127
1598 of Vervins, v6.p225
1619 between Dutch and English, terms of, v7.pp92–94
1619 between England and Holland, v7.pp109–110, v7.p113, v7.p143, v7.p145
1619 to be binding for twenty years, v7.p94
1634–35 Of Surat, in, the basis of the settlement of the Indies, v7.p210
1654 between King John IV of Portugal and Cromwell, dated Westminster, July 10, marks the end of the old Portuguese monopoly, v7.p57
1673 between France, England, and Portugal against Holland, v8.p39
A factor in European diplomacy, v6.p131
Of Southampton, v7.p190
Policy of Portugal in Asia, v6.pp119–120
Trebizond, v6.p14, v6.pp18–19
Treta age, v1.p136
Trevor, “Rhymes of Rajputana”, ballad from, on the suttee of Gorah’s wife, v9.pp118–119
Triad of the Buddhists, v1.p299
Tribes
Chiefs of, as kings, v1.p5
Five, of the Panjab, v1.p50
Indian, number of, one hundred and eighteen, v1.p215
Trichinopoli, English send reinforcements to, v8.p119
French retire from, v8.p120
Trichinopoli, southern limit of kingdom of Vijayanagar, v3.p188
Trichinopoly, a city and district of the Madras Presidency, v4.p164
Trincomali, harbour of
Captured from the Dutch by the English, v8.p154
Captured from the French by the Dutch, v8.p37
Occupied by the French, v8.p37
Retaken by Suffren, v8.pp154–155
Triparadeisos, partition of, v2.p99, v2.p104
Triple Alliance formed by England, Holland, and Sweden against France in 1668, v8.pp37–38
Trisaa, mother of Mahavira, v1.p323
Troops, Delhi, desert to the cause of Tughril, v3.p88
Division among, of booty secured at Delhi and Agra, v3.p208
Troy, fall of, v6.p3
Truce of 1634–35 between the Viceroy of Goa and the English of Surat, v7.p209
Truthfulness, duty of, v2.p157
Tschectea, see Saktis
Tseh-kia, kingdom in Panjab, v2.p317
Tughril Beg, Seljuk king of Khorasan, v3.p37
Tughril, fifteenth governor of Bengal, v3.p87
Camp of, attacked by Balban, v2.pp89–90
Death of, v3.p90
Defeated by Balban, v2.pp88–90
First and second armies sent against, defeated, v3.p88
The usurper of Bengal, v2.pp87–88
Tulu language, v2.p167, v2.p363
Tulughma, national Moghul manoeuvres, v3.p206
Tungabhadra, river of Madras, southern limit of the Bahmanid kings of the Deccan, v3.p186
Southern boundary of kingdom of Vijayanagar, v3.p188
Tura, son of Kavasha, v1.p132
Turkey, English diplomatic relations with, v7.p278
Company, faulty analogy of the, with East India Company, v7.pp277–278
Company, East India Company originally but slightly different from the, v7.p280
Turkey, Sultan of, v4.p14
Treaty of, v4.p72
War of, with Hungary, v4.p167
Turki kings of Kabul, v2.p328
Turkish
Conquest of Egypt (1516–1517), v6.pp32–33, v6.p97, v6.p103, v6.p109, v6.pp125–126
Struggle with Portugal for the command of the Indian seas, v6.p93, v6.pp97–98, v6.p99, v6.p139, v6.p167
Struggle centres around Aden, v6.pp124–125
Turkish language, v4.p62, v4.p96
Turkman, v4.p3
Turkmantchai, treaty of, v8.pp396–397
Turkomans, Parthians resembled, v2.p199
Turks (or Rumes)
Albuquerque haunted by fear of the, v6.p103, v6.p115
Attack Diu (1545), Malacca (1547) , and sack Muscat (1551, 1581), v6.p110
Attacked by Portugal in European and Asiatic waters (1506–1507), v6.p99
Block the Eastern trade-routes in the fifteenth century, v6.p1, v6.p19, v6.pp31–34, v6.p202, v6.p205, v6.p207, v6.p208
Capture the Black Sea factories (1475), v6.p19
Capture the Constantinople trade-route (1453), v6.p19, v6.p31, v6.p33
Capture the Syrian route, v6.p12, v6.p13, v6.p208
Crush the naval forces of Venice at Zonchio and Lepanto (1499), v6.p32
Defeated at Lepanto (1571), v6.p111
Destroyed Him Asiatic empire, v2.p290
Dominant race from Egypt to Samarkand, v3.p17
Dominate the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf in the early part of the sixteenth century, v8.pp5–6
English trade with the, v6.p205, v6.p222
Fail at Rhodes, but conquer Otranto, v6.p32
Heirs of the Ephthalites, v2.p322
In India, v3.p14
In Persia, v3.p17
Invasion of Persia by the Seljuk (1038), v6.p13
Plunder Delhi, v5.pp215–217
Real Mohammedan conquerors of India, v3.p2
Southerly migrations of, v3.p16
Supremacy of the, in the Mediterranean, v6.pp31–34, v6.p209
Under Chingiz Khan ravage Poland (1206), v6.p13
Tushaspa, Asoka’s Persian governor, v2.p122
Twelve Chapters, the first book used in the education of the young, v9.p136
Twelve Years’ Truce of 1609, v7.p78
Twice-born men, caste of, v1.pp136–137
Tyre
Ancient trade emporium, v6.pp2–5, v6.p9
Eclipsed by Alexandria, v6.p21
Tyriaspes, satrap of the Paropanisadai, v2.p43, v2.p88
This collection transcribed by Chris Gage