Dear BhakthAs:
The work of the Thiruvananthapuram based
Indian Science Heritage Institute is important
for all of us having pride in the Vedic as well as
Scientific heritages( www.iish.org)
I am pleased to forward a posting in Thiruvenkatam list
in this context .
Oppiliappan Koil V.SaThakOpan
----- Original Message -----
From: "jasn sn" <jayasartn@xxxxxxxxx>
To: <tiruvenkatam@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Sent: Friday, July 30, 2004 11:37 PM
Subject: [t'venkatam] Vedic maths from iish.org
> INDIAN HERITAGE IN MATHEMATICS
>
>
> Ancient Indian Number System
>
>
> Use of numbers for presenting data on length,
> breadth and area of the Yajna saala (sacrificial/
> ritual hall) can be seen in all the four important
> Sulbasutras ( namely, Boudhayana, Apastamba, Katyayana
> and Manava Sulbasutras). Some of these books
> chronologically belong to the same period as those of
> Yajur Vedic texts.
>
>
>
> Opinion put forth by Professor Neugebauer on the
> mathematical content in these texts attracts great
> attention of the subject experts. "From the time of
> Samhitas, the Vedic Indians used the decimal scale
> without the use of symbols. the expressions of
> numbers of the scale. Eka, dasa,....... upto 18 th
> power of 10 were given in Sulbasutras.... ... The
> successive placing of dasa, sata, sahasra, etc. is
> obvious proof for the decimal places....." says
> Neugebauer, in his celebrated book "The Exact
> Sciences in Antiquity"(PP 10, 13-14). In the comment
> without the use of symbols Neugebauer might have
> meant only that in the text the numbers are not given
> in symbols. It cannot be taken as an observation on
> the non-existence of symbols for writing numbers.
> Because in Rig Veda, it is mentioned give thousand
> cows whose ears are marked with the number eight (
> ashtakarnya). Marking a number eight shows
> knowledge in symbols for number system.
>
>
>
> It is important to note here that when Greeks were
> using only up to a maximum value Myriad (10000) and
> Romans , Millie (1000), Indians could go upto 18th
> power of 10 in the mathematical number values during
> the Vedic period itself. Dr. Hopkins gives a better
> picture of the Greek mathematicians of the 1st
> millennia BC. He says, "before the 6th century BC,
> all these religious and philosophical ideas of
> Pythagorus were current in India". The well known
> philosopher of ancient Greek, Appolonius has mentioned
> that Pythagorus went to India and was taught by
> Brahmins, on the geometrical rules. Not much is known
> about the European knowledge of mathematics after
> Pythagorus and Euclid, for nearly a thousand years.
>
>
>
> It has been told that Leonardo Fibonancii of Pisa
> spread Hindu numerals in Europe. By 1228 AD, he
> wrote a book focussing on Indian mathematics namely
> Liber abaci. Historians say that Liber abaci is the
> stepping stone for the West to the modern mathematics.
> Evidences are many for this inference. The numerical
> words penta (pancha), hexa (shasta), septa (sapta),
> octa (ashta), nona (nava), deca (desa)... penta deca
> (pancha dasa),.. octa deca (ashta dasa).... etc. are
> still used in the Western number systems by the
> Europeans and the English which are given in Rig
> Veda.
>
>
>
> Albiruni's book written in 1030 AD namely Tarik al
> Hind (Chronicles of India) says that the numeral
> signs which we (the people of the West) use are
> derived from the finest forms of the Hindu signs . A
> glimpse on the development of mathematics in the
> second half of the first millennia AD in India will
> definitely give an insight on the real Indian
> contributions prior to Leonardo Fibonancii.
>
> To be continued.
>
>
> Please send this document to everyone you know.
> Remember, it is your, mine and our duty, privilege and
> responsibility to learn, teach and spread our
> Heritage.
>
>
>
> Compiled by
> Indian Institute of Scientific Heritage
> Ushus, Estate Road, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram,
> 695 018, Kerala,India.
>
> Ph. 0471-490149, www.iish.org
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