Habbar ibn Aswad, opponent of Mohammed, but subsequently converted, v5.pp27–28
Ancestor of a family which made itself master of the lower Indus, v5.p28
Habib ibn al-Muhallab, appointed to take charge of war in Sind, v5.p15
Hadi, a commander of the right wing of Sultan Mahmud’s army, v5.p206
Hadrian, Roman emperor, v2.p226
Hafizabad, Jahangir halts at, on the way to Kabul, v5.p303
Hague
Negotiations renewed by the English with the Dutch at the, v7.p82
Failure of Dutch-English negotiations at the, v7.p83
Decline of the State of, v8.p295
Hyder Ali invades, v8.p212
Muzaffar Jang established as Nizam of, by the French, v8.p119
Nizam of, transfers large districts to the English, v8.pp317–318
Hair shaving, penalty of, v2.p120
Hair washing, ceremony of, v2.p113
Hajjaj, Al-, governor of Chaldea, v3.p5
Hakam, brother of Osman ibn Abu-l-Asi, sent to Bahrain, v5.p2
Despatches force to Baraui, v5.p2
Hakim brother of Akbar, v4.p3, v4.p12, v4.p48
Hakim ibn Awana al-Kalbi appointed to the frontier at Sind, v5.p17
Death of, v5.p18
Hakim ibn Jaballa al-Abdi sent to Hind to acquire knowledge of the country, v5.p2
Hala mountains, v2.p98
Hala, Andhra king, v2.p189
Hall of Audience, v4.p135, v4.p138
See also Divan-i-Khas
Hall of Worship (Ibadat-Khanah or Divan-i-Khas), scene of religious debates under Akbar, v4.p34, v4.p39, v4.p145
Hall of Worship scene of a religious discussion by a Portuguese Christian, v6.pp265–266
Hamadan, a city of Persia, v3.p31
Hamid Khan Khasah-khail, a military collector of revenue, force sent against, by Babar, v5.pp248–249
Hamid-ad-din Khan addresses a petition to Aurangzib, v5.pp345–346
Hamilcar, v6.p142
Hamont, M. Tibulle, the French biographer of Lally, v8.p137
Hamza ibn Baiz Hanafi, Arab historian, quotation from, regarding Mohammad ibn Kasim, v5.p14
Han dynasty of China, v2.p223
Hanafi, Mohammedan law, v4.p39
Hanno, expedition of, to Africa, v6.p48, v6.p50
Hanseatic trade, v6.p18, v6.pp34–35
In London, v6.pp178–179
Hansi
Granted to Ulugh Khan, v5.p113
Improvement of, under government of Ulugh Khan, v5.p114
Hansi, fort of
Annexation of, to Arab domains, v3.p58
Captured by Kutb-ad-din Aybek, v3.p70
Captured by Mas’ud, v2.pp46–47
Governed by Balban, v2.pp81–82
Hanuman, commander-in-chief of the non-Aryan army, v1.p121
Haoma, Iranian name for Soma, v1.p24
Haras ibn Marra-al-Abdi, leader of a victorious expedition into Hind, v5.p3
Slain with his army at Kikan in 662 A.D., v5.p3
Hardat, ruler at fort of Baran, accepts Islam, v5.pp65–66
Hardinge, Sir Henry, Governor-General of India, v8.p410
Hardwar
Legend of a sacred cow at, v2.pp168–169
Timur victorious at, v3.p169
Hariharpur, Cartwright erects a station at, v7.p239
Haripala Deva, son of Rama Deva, flayed alive by Kutb-ad-din Mubarak Shah, v3.p125
Harsha Charita, of Bana, v2.p18, v2.p304
Harsha
(1) King of Kashmir, v2.p329
(2) Or Harsha-vardhana, of Thanesar, younger son of Prabhakara-vardhana, v2.p18
Accession of, v2.p299
Death of, v2.p316
Empire and administration of, v2.p302, v2.p327
Imitated Asoka, v2.p306
Religion of, v2.p306
The last native paramount monarch, v2.p319
Harshaka, king, v2.p36
Harun ibn Abi Khalid-al-Maruruzi, governor of Sind, v5.p9
Harur, fort of, taken by Babar’s army, v5.p247
Harvests, two annually in India, v1.p218
Harwich
Frobisher returns to (1576), v6.p183
Frobisher sails from (1578), v6.p185
Hasan Abdal, town, v2.p66
Hasan Gangu, founder of the Bahmanid dynasty, v3.p147
Revolts against Mohammad Taghlak in the Deccan, v3.p186
Hasan Nizami, Arab historian, v3.p71
Hasanak, a prime minister of Mas’ud, executed, v3.p41
Hasham ibn Abd-al-Malik, caliph of Baghdad, v5.p16
Hasham ibn Amr at-Taghlabi victorious over places in Sind hitherto unconquered, v5.p21
Hasti, tribal chief, v2.p43
Hastinapura
Capital of the Kurus, v1.p100
Ruins of, said to be near Delhi, v1.p100
Social life of, in the Brahmanic period, v1.p149
Hastings, Marquis of
Governor-General of India, v8.p366
Plans of, for the suppression of the freebooting hordes, v8.p379
War of, with the Gurkhas, v8.pp374–377
Hastings, Warren
Burke’s charges against, v8.p278
Disputes of, with his Council, v8.p234
Financial embarrassments of, v8.p252, v8.p253, v8.p254, v8.p255, v8.p263
First Governor-General in India, v8.p237
Impeachment and trial of, v8.pp263–264
Political intrepidity of, v8.p261
Resignation of, v8.p258
Transactions of, against the Rohillas, v8.pp240–243
Treaty of, with the Marathas, in 1782, v8.p254
Hasti-varman, Pallava king, v2.p385
Hati Gakkar
At first repulses Babar’s men, but is later defeated and flees to the fort of Parhalah, v5.p232
Defeats and kills Tatar Gakkar and seizes all his property, v5.p230
Escapes from fort of Parhalah, v5.p233
Ill-treats his subjects, v5.pp230–231
Refuses to submit to Daulat Khan, v5.p230
Ruler of hill country between Nilab and Bahrah, v5.p229
Sends a tributary offering to Babar, v5.p235
Sends gifts and submits to Babar, v5.p233
Hatya, Jahangir encamps at, v5.p309
Hauz-i Alai, tank of Ala-ad-din, restored by Firoz Shah, v5.p166
Hauz-i Khas, Timur encamps near, v5.p210
Hauz-i Shamsi, tank of Altamish, restored and opened by Firoz Shah, v5.p165
Hauz-rani, durbar held at plain of, v5.p138
Hawa, name of an elephant, v4.p4
Hawkins, indulged in by Akbar, v4.p10
Hawkins
Bearer of a letter from James I to Jahangir in 1607, v7.p194
Leaves the court of Agra, v7.p20
Marriage of, to a maiden of Jahangir’s palace, v7.p20
One of the captains of the third expedition of the English East India Company, v7.p9
Hawkins, William, English sea-captain
Acquainted with the Turkish language, v4.p95
Estimate of his narrative, v4.p64
Experiences of, at Surat, v4.p67, v4.p61
Received at Jahangir’s court, v4.p66, v4.pp61–64
Ship of, captured by Portuguese, v4.p57
Hawley, President, v7.p152
Hazrat Shaikh Zain-ad-din, Mohammedan sage, sends a sword to Timur, v5.p180
Heaven, Hindu idea of, v9.p172
Heber, English poet, writes upon Fathpur-Sikri, v4.p30
Hebrews
Albuquerque’s persecution of Castilian, in India, v6.pp170–171
Command the Indo-Syrian trade-route, v6.pp4–10
Early colonies of, in India, v6.p29, v6.pp79–81
Hedges, governor in India, v4.p50
Heliokles, Bactrian king, v2.p204
Hellenistic kings, v2.p127
Hells
According to the Vishnu-Purana, v9.p170
Belief regarding the return of the soul to God, v9.p187
Temple at Calicut, description of, v9.p210, v9.p213
Henry V, of England, military assistance of, to Portugal, v6.p42
Henry VII, of England, friendly relations of, with Portugal, v6.pp172–173, v6.p203
Charters and encouragement of maritime exploration of, v6.pp172–173, v6.pp174–175, v6.p178
Henry VIII, of England
Excommunication of, v6.pp183–197
Trade to India under, v6.pp176–178, v6.p197, v6.pp203–204
Unites with Spain and Portugal against the Turks, v6.p173
Henry, Prince of Portugal (The Navigator)
Life and explorations of, v6.pp43–59, v6.pp64–65, v6.p200
Hephaistion, general, v2.p43, v2.p77, v2.p86
Herakles (Hercules), said to have invaded India, v9.p4
Herat, city and territory, v2.p36, v2.p108
Herat, city of Afghanistan, v3.p51, v3.p75
Herbert, English captain at the Moghul court, v4.p50
Hercules, identified with Krishna, v1.p207
Hermaios, the last Indo-Greek king, v2.p221
Hermit life, in the Brahmanic period, v1.p85, v1.p86
Hermits, rules for, v1.p241, v1.p242
Hermos, formation of the plain of, v9.p6
Herodotus
Quoted, v6.pp19–20, v6.p47, v6.p48
Hetairism, v1.p7
High Courts of Judicature, establishment of, v8.p455
Highwaymen suppressed by Ulugh Khan, v5.p140
Hilal ibn Ahwaz at-Tamimi pursues and kills sons of al-Muhallab, v5.p15
Hims (Emessa), name suggested for the new city al-Mahfuzah, v5.p18
Himu, a Bengal general, v4.p2
Attacks Agra and Delhi, v4.p3
Meets Akbar at Panipat, v4.p4
Defeat of, v4.p5
Himu, Hindu vizir of Adil Shah, v3.p241
Hinayana, primitive doctrine, v2.p307
Hind
Arabic name for Hindustan, v5.p2
Princes of, turn Mussulmans and take Arab names, v5.p15
Invaded by Mahmud of Ghazni, v5.p56
Ruler of, sues for peace to Mahmud of Ghazni, v5.p57
Hindal, brother of Humayun, v3.p226
Returns to Agra, v3.p234
Murders Humayun’s ambassador, v3.p234
Proclaims himself emperor at Agra, v3.p234
And Kamran, plans of, v2.pp234–235
Hindi language, v4.p29
Hindu Aryans
Civilization, age of, v1.p1
Civilization, expansion of, v1.p112
Literature, ancient, v1.p2
Pantheon adopted and modified by Buddha, v1.pp308–309
Religion, cardinal principle of, v1.p179
Religion, explanation of, by Rig-Veda, v1.p11
United body in the Vedic Age, v1.p136
Villages, manage their own affairs, v1.p150
Women, Sita model of, v1.p126
World, Panchalas and Kurus centre of, v1.p99
Hindu
Beliefs regarding God, v9.pp159–160
Belief regarding the soul, v9.pp160–163, v9.pp167–168
Hindu cities, remains of, still extant, v3.p13
Hindu Kush
Ancient trade-route across, v6.p15
Frontier of Maurya empire, v2.p140
Mountain chain, v2.p23, v2.p42, v3.p2, v4.p108, v4.p165
Tribes come under British control, v8.p445
Hindu painting, v4.pp37–39
Surgeon, v4.p162
Hinduism in Malabar, v6.pp78–79
Hinduism, Buddhism a sect of, v2.p171
Orthodox, v2.p276
Hinduism, ceremonial rules of, v4.p44
Hindus
Akbar’s conciliation of the, v4.p14
Assembled in the Jami’ Masjid, ordered killed by Timur, v5.p218
Employed by Akbar, v4.p26
Fifty thousand annually converted to Mohammedanism, v3.p2
In the campaigns of Akbar, v4.p23
Manners and customs of the, v9.pp143–144
Of Goa offer allegiance to Portugal through Albuquerque, v9.p229
Persecuted by Aurangzib, v4.p121, v4.p145
Personal habits of the, v9.pp134–135
Pilgrimages not obligatory upon, v9.p191
Punishment inflicted by Nasir-ad-din’s army on, v5.p139
Put on a level with Moslems by Akbar, v4.p30, v4.p33
Rigorous measures of Aurangzib against, v5.p335
Shrines of, not desecrated by Mohammad ibn Kasim, v3.p10
Under Shah Jahan, v4.p89
Under sovereignty of Mohammedan kings, v3.p1
Well treated by Jahangir, v4.p60
Hindus, Vedic
Advance of civilization among, v1.p133
Agriculture among, v1.p13
Ancestor-worship among, v1.p166
As described by Megasthenes, v1.pp124–216
Character of, v1.p4
Cremation among, v1.p165
Effect of climate of Ganges valley on, v1.p83
Food and clothing of, v1.p216
Gradual enervation of, v1.p83
Rules of, to regulate domestic and social duties, v1.p143
Separation of, from the Iranians, v1.p24
Spread of civilization among, v1.pp198–200
Vedic, settlement of, on Indus, v1.p4
Hindustan, v3.p3
Babar’s description of, v3.p221
Conquest of, begun by Babar in 1624, v3.p204
Four defences of, v5.pp176–177
Greater part of, in submission to Sher Shah, v3.p238
Invaded by Ahmad Shah, v4.p228
Mohammedan ascendency in, v4.p188
Moslems in, v4.p27
North of the Vindhya range, mostly under Moslem sway, v3.p71
Relations of, with the Deccan, v4.p124
Ruled by Akbar, v4.p1, v4.p25, v4.p193
Sceptre of, swayed by Aurangzib, v4.p123, v4.p174
Separation of, from the Deccan, v4.p161
Strabo’s account of, derived from Greek records, v9.p1
Territory of the Hindus, v4.p183
Western, v4.p2
Hindustani, a vernacular, v4.p62, v4.pp188–189
Hippalus quoted, v6.p22, v6.p24
Hippolytus, folklore tale of, v2.p175
Hippon and Floris, port to port trade of, v7.pp219–220
Hiram, King of Tyre, v6.p7
Hiranand, name of an elephant, v4.p12
Hisar Firoza, a city founded near Delhi by Firoz Shah, v3.p161
Water-supply of, v3.p162
Hisar-Firozah captured by Babar’s troops and given to Humayun, v5.p249
Hiuan Tsang
“Travels” and “Life” of, v2.p293
Chinese Buddhist pilgrim, account of India by, v2.p14, v9.pp121–153
Favoured by Harsha, v2.pp309–310
On political arrangements of India, v2.p317
Return to China of, v2.p314
Hiuen-tsong, Emperor of China, v2.p324
Hiung-nu, horde, v2.p219, v2.p221
Holden, E. S., quotation from, v4.p46
Holkar, v4.p179, v4.p182, v4.p187, v4.p188, v4.p221, v4.p238, v4.p239, v4.pp241–263
Holkar, Jaswant Rao
Army of, defeated at Mehidpur, v8.p380
Attacked by Colonel Monson, v8.pp329–330
Dispersion of the troops of, v8.p330
Policy of, v8.p330
Signs a treaty with the English, v8.p330
Holland
Colonial system of, based on slave-labour, v7.pp157–162
Commercial ascendency of, in the East, v8.p14
Decline of the naval power of, v8.p71
Fifteen separate voyages under (1595–1601), v6.p213, Appendix II, A
Increasing strength and pre-eminence of the Republic of, in the seventeenth century, v8.p28, v8.p29, v8.p30
Long struggle of, with Spain in Europe and the East, v6.p198, v6.pp205–209, v6.p218, v6.p221
Painters of, v7.p60
Policy of, in the Indian Archipelago not primarily warlike, v7.pp65–66
Printing-house of Europe, v7.p60
Quest for India and Cathay by the northeast, v6.p198
Report current in, that James I had ordered seizure of certain Dutch East Indiamen, v7.p91
Resolves to become master of large territory of islands stretching from Asia to Australia, v7.p68
Sends out fifteen expeditions between 1595 and 1601 to the East, v7.p60
Slave system of, described, v7.pp157–162
Sovereignty of, acknowledged by chiefs of Amboyna, v7.p72
Struggle of, with England for the spice trade, v6.pp212–215
The first European country to send a continuous supply of able statesmen to the East, v7.p163
Three principal points of the policy of, in Asia, v7.pp66–68
Treaty of peace of, with Cromwell, v7.p155
War declared against, in 1674, by Louis XIV, v8.p89
Holstein, Duke of, sends an embassy to Persia, v4.p92
Hom, a sacrifice, v4.p44
Home, early Aryan, controversy concerning, v1.p6
Homer, quoted, v6.p3, v6.p21, v6.p48
Honorius, coins of, v2.p367
Horatoi (Saurashtras), Hindu nation, v1.p206
Hore, Master, quest of, for the North-west passage (1536), v6.pp177–178
Horse, sacrifice of a, v1.p22, v1.p23, v1.p24, v1.p163
Sacrificial, captured by Rama’s sons and his subsequent recognition of them, v1.p125
Horses, v1.p16
Horses, Arab, trade in, between Ormuz and Goa, v6.p158
Horses, part of military equipment in ancient India, v9.p42
Horse-sacrifice
Of Adityasena, v2.p283
Of Kumaragupta I, v2.p273
Of Pushyamitra, v2.p181
Of Rajadhiraja Chola, v2.p379
Of Samudragupta, v2.p258
Of Sivaskandavarman, v2.p382
Hospitality, v1.p145, v1.p160, v1.p241
Hostages, Chinese, v2.p231
Hotris, Vedic priests, duties of, v1.p86, v1.p88
Household worship, v1.p50
Householders, students as, v1.p146
Forty sacraments of, v1.pp242–243
Houtman, Cornelis (de)
Indian voyage of, v7.p60
Led first Dutch fleet around the Cape (1595–1597), v6.p211, v6.p212, v6.p218
Second expedition of, to India (1598), v6.p213
Hoysala dynasty, v2.p360
Hughes, naval engagements of, v8.pp256–257
Hugli River
Christians at, besieged and expelled by Shah Jahan, v6.pp279–283
Customs of Europeans at, in Mohammad Shah’s time, v6.pp284–286
English arrive at, in 1650, v7.p244
English factory on, v8.p23
Factory at, v4.p144
Founding of, v6.pp277–278
Head agency of the English in Bengal with control over other smaller stations, v7.p247
Portuguese trade at, v4.p143
Shah Jahan destroys Portuguese factory at, v7.pp242–243
The imperial court for the Ganges provinces and chief seat of maritime trade of Bengal, v7.p244
Huguenots, French, colonies of, in Brazil and Florida, v6.pp194–195
Humayun (Sikandar Shah), emperor of Delhi, reigns six months, v3.p161
Humayun, Bahmanid Sultan, unsuccessfully besieges Devarakanda, v3.p191
Succeeded by two sons, v3.p192
Humayun, Mirza ordered by Babar to occupy Agra and take possession of the treasures, v5.p259
Humayun, Son of Babar, Moghul emperor, v4.p3, v4.p175, v5.pp265–266
A wanderer for fifteen years, v3.p238
Abandons the siege of Chanar, v2.pp228–229
Aided in escape by a water-carrier, v3.p237
Ambassador of, to Hindal murdered, v3.p234
And Sher Shah, preparations of, for final struggle, v3.p237
Army of, defeated at battle of the Ganges, v3.p237
Army of, surprised and massacred by Sher Shah’s army, v3.p237
Arrives in Malwa in 1534, v3.p229
Brings his father a famous diamond at Delhi, v3.p209
Brings troops from Badakhshan to aid his father, v3.p205
Brothers of, unwilling to aid him, v3.p234
Character of, v2.pp224–225, v3.p227
Character of, v3.p241
Crosses the Ganges at Moughyr, v3.p236
Death of, v3.p241
Defeats Mahmud Lodi near Lucknow in 1531, v3.p228
Divides affairs of government into four classes, v5.pp273–274
Encamped at Chaunsa, v3.p236
Entry of, into Bengal, in 1538, v3.p234
Grants audience to each of the three classes of his realm on different days, v5.pp269–271
In possession of Bahadur Shah’s camp, v3.p230
In possession of Gujarat, v3.p230
In possession of Malwa, v3.p230
In the deserts of Rajputana and Sind for three years, v3.p238
Indecision of, loses victory, v3.p227, v3.p228
Lacks resolution to administer government successfully, v3.p224
Leads army against insurgent Afghans, v3.p211
Marches away from Bengal unchecked by Sher Shah, v2.pp235–236
Marches back to Kalpi to aid his father, v3.p211
On account of treachery of Kamran, is forced to depend upon the army already in India, v3.p226
Opens negotiations with Slier Shah, and arranges a treaty, v3.p236
Position of, insecure by reason of revolts, v3.p226
Pursues Bahadur Shah to Mandu, v3.p230
Pursues Bahadur Shah, v3.p230
Quixotic chivalry of, v3.p229
Reaches Agra almost alone in May, 1539, v3.p237
Receives seventy lacs and a treasure which no one has counted as his part of booty at Delhi and Agra, v3.p208
Repulses minor raids of Bahadur Shah against Agra and Kalinjar, v3.p229
Routs Sikandar Sur at Sirhind, v3.p241
Scales the fort of Champanir, v3.p231
Seeks an omen by asking the names of the first three men he meets, v5.pp266–268
Succeeds Babar in 1530, v3.p224
Sufferings of army of, at Channsa, v3.p236
Takes fortress of Chanar in 1637, v3.p232
Takes Ghazipur, v3.p211
Takes Jaunpur, v3.p211
Takes no steps to hold open the approaches to Bengal, v3.p234
Takes possession of Delhi and Agra in 1556, v3.p241
Three brothers of, intrigue against him, v2.pp226–227, v3.p231
Three chief perils at beginning of reign of, v2.pp227–228
Tomb of, at Delhi, v2.pp241–242
Unable to administer his new territory, v3.p231
Unsuccessfully attacks Bahadur, v3.p185
Uses golden arrows to indicate position of members of the classes in his realm, v5.pp271–273
Victorious over insurgent Afghans, v3.p211
Huna = Huns, q. v.
Hungary, war of, with Turkey, v4.p167
Huns
Invasion of India by, v2.p281
Two main streams of, v2.p285
Asiatic empire of, v2.p285
Characteristics of, v2.p287
Hunter, Sir William, quoted, v4.p176
Hunting, indulged in by Akbar, v4.p10
Hurmuz, port on the Persian Gulf, v3.p3
Husain Ali, Sayyid, v4.p220, v4.p221
Husain Beg, ambassador of Iran to Jahangir, v5.p300
Husain Kharmil, governor of the fort of Sialkot, v5.p81
Husain of Jaunpur
Loses all his possessions at the battle near Kanauj in 1477, v3.p180
Mamluk admiral, attacks the Portuguese in Arabian Sea, v3.p184
Possessions gained during campaigns of, v3.p180
Husain, a commander of the left wing of Timur’s army, v5.p206
Husain, Amir (Mir Hocem), Egyptian admiral (1508), v6.pp96–97
Husbands, Samuel, v6.p240
Hushang, son of Dilawar Khan, v3.p181
Hushka = Huvishka, v2.p240
Huvishka, history of, v2.p240
Hyarotis (Ravi), a river of India, v9.p18
Hydaspes (Jihlam), a river of Northern India, v2.p54, v3.p15, v9.p3, v9.p7, v9.p18
Crocodiles in the, v9.p14
Alexander sails down the, v9.p24
Difficulties of crossing, v2.p57
Hyder Ali of Mysore, v8.p208, v8.p209
At war with the English, v8.p213
Death of, v8.p257
Master of Mysore, v8.p211
Ravages the Karnatic, v8.p251, v8.p252
Sends a large force into Haidarabad, v8.p212
Treaty of, with the English, v8.p213, v8.p214
Triple alliance of, v8.p251
Vindictive spirit of, v8.p249
Hydrakes (Oxydrakai), a tribe of the Panjab allied with the Persians, v9.p5
Hydraotes, river = Ravi, v2.p69
Hylobioi, principal division of the Garmanes, customs of the, v9.pp50–51
Hymn to the rivers, historical significance of, v1.p49
Recounting Indra’s slaying of Vritra, v1.pp66–67
Relating to the storm-myth of Indra, v1.pp69–70
Hymns, sung by professional priests, v1.p5
Certain families proficient in composing, v1.p77
Of the Vedas still repeated as texts in Brahmanic and Epic times, v1.p169
Hypanis (Bias), a river of Northern India, v9.p3, v9.p18
Fabulous stories told of lands beyond the, v9.p29
Hypasioi (Asvaka), a people of Northern India, v9.p7, v9.p18
Hyphasis, river, = Bias, v2.p70
Alexander stopped at, v2.p37
Altars on further bank of, v2.p72
This collection transcribed by Chris Gage