–M–

Ma’bar (Malabar?), temple of, destroyed, v3.p120

Ma’bar, possibly Malabar, v5.p141

Ala-ad-din’s campaign in, v5.p141

Twelve months’ journey from Delhi, v5.p142

Macao, in China, Spanish-Portuguese right to, v6.p226

Macassar in the possession of the English, v8.p35

Macassar, factories in, turned over to the Joint Stock, v7.p287

Maccoba, a sub-caste of the Sudras, v9.p245

Mace

One of the precious spices of the Eastern Archipelago as distinguished from the cheaper spices of the Malabar coast, v6.p126

Portuguese trade in, v6.p151

Macedonia, Asoka’s mission to, v2.p166

Macedonian conquests in India, v9.p3

Machado, Diogo Barbosa, quoted, v6.p103, v6.p104, v6.p115

Macnaghten attempts to raise a standing army for Shah Shuja, v8.pp402–403

Madagascar (Island of the Moon)

Covilham’s notice of, v6.pp60–61

French expedition for colonization of, ends in disaster, v8.p89

Portuguese expedition to (sixteenth century), v6.p106

Madeira

Early discovery of (1344), v6.pp50–51

Albuquerque demands miners from, v6.p104

Madhava, legend of king, v1.p113

Madhu Rao, king of Poona, v4.p268

Relations of, with Raghunath Rao, v4.pp262–274

Madonna, the Blessed Virgin, painting of, in Jahangir’s palace, v4.p66, v4.p133

Madras, v4.p165

Besieged by Labourdonnais, v8.p104

Coast factories in dependencies of, turned over to the Joint Stock, v7.p287

Controls Bantam and Persian factories, v7.p247

English Company settles at, v8.p23

Headquarters of the English Company, strongly fortified, v8.p99

Made headquarters of England in Eastern India, v7.p232

Origin of the name of, v7.p228

Raised to an independent presidency in 1653, v7.p231

Restored to England by the French in return for Louisburg, v8.p107

Settled by the English in 1639, v7.p226, v7.p228

Siege of, raised by Lally, v8.p144

Staff at, reduced by orders from England, v7.pp231–232

Surrendered to the French, v8.p104

The central post of the English Company in Eastern India in 1687, v8.p41

Treaty of, with the Nizam of Haidarabad, v8.p212, v8.p214

War of, against Hyder Ali, v8.p212

Madrasa (college) of Shams-ad-din Altamish rebuilt by Firoz Shah, v5.p165

Madre de Deos, Portuguese ship captured by the English (1592), v6.p207, v6.p227

Madrid, treaty of, makes peace between English and Portuguese in India, v7.p204

Madura, later Pandya capital, v2.p366

Magadha kingdom, v2.pp26–40, v2.p105, v2.p177

Hinduized, v1.p184

Jain council of, v1.p226

Kingdom of, v1.p284

Later Gupta dynasty of, v2.p283

Province of ancient and medieval India, v3.p23

Towns of, v2.p268

Magadhas, explained as a caste, v1.p231

Magas, King of Cyrene, v2.p166

Magas, priests of the Sun, v9.p185

Magellan

South-western expedition of, to India and round the world (1519–1522), v6.pp169–170

Discovers the straits to which he gives his name, v6.p169

Magellan, Straits of, v6.p169, v6.p173, v6.p189, v6.p190, v6.p192, v6.p213, v6.p219, v6.p231

Magistrates

In charge of a city, v9.pp40–42

Specific duty of various groups of, v9.pp40–42

Duties of, in general, v9.pp40–42

Maha Rahula Sutta, preached, v1.p327

Mahaban = Aornos, v2.p50

Mahabat Khan promoted by Jahangir, v5.p312

Mahabat Khan, a general of Jahangir, v4.p84

Joins Shah Jahan, v4.pp86–87

Campaigns of, v4.p97

Death of, v4.p97

Mahabharata, Sanskrit epic, v1.p83, v2.p10

A work of later ages, v1.p136

Description of Kurn-Panchala war in, v1.p98

Extract from the, as to which wife shall perform suttee, v9.pp102–103

Lessons of the, v1.p111

Suttee alluded to in the, v9.p71

Mahadaji Sindhia

Increasing power and territories of, v8.p289

Death of, v8.p289

Mahadeva (Siva)

Directions for constructing an idol of, v9.p180

Worshipped by anchorites, v9.p185

Description of the temple of, at Ahmadabad, v9.p300

Mahadeva, Yadava king, v2.p361

Maha-kal

Temple of, at Ujjain, destroyed, v5.p101

Stone image of, taken to Delhi, v5.p101

Mahal, seraglio, or harem, v4.p132

Maham Anaga, foster-mother of Akbar, v4.p6

Intrigues against Bairam, v4.pp6–7

Death of, v4.pp8–9

Mahan ibn Fazl ibn Mahan conquers Sindan, but is slain, v5.p23

Mahanadi, a river in Orissa, small party of English from Masulipatam land at, v7.p235

Mahanandin, king, v2.p87

Mahapadma Nanda, king, v2.p37, v2.p105

Maharashtra kingdom of ancient India, v3.p100

Maharat-al-Hind (Mathura)

Description of city of, v5.p67

Description of temple at, v5.p68

Mahavamsa, chronicle, v2.p11, v2.p37, v2.p168

Mahavira, founder of Jainism, v2.p24, v2.p29

Mahavira, son of Siddhartha of Kundagrama, v1.p323

Death of, v1.p324

Entered the Holy Order at the age of twenty-eight, v1.p324

Founder of Jainism, v1.p323, v1.p324

Mahayana Buddhism

History of, v2.p236, v2.p267

In Burma, v2.p169

Monastery of, v2.p258

Mahdi, a saviour to come, v4.p46

Mahé acquired for France, v8.p100

Taken by the English, v8.p250

Mahendra

(1) brother of Asoka, v2.p167

(2) King of South Kosala, v2.p252

Mahendravadi, cave-temples at, v2.p384

Mahendra-varman I and II, Pallava kings, v2.pp384–387

Mahinda, son of Asoka, v1.p320

Mahindri, a river, v4.p13

Mahipala, King of Bengal, v2.p344

Mahmud Gawan, Bahmanid vizir, v3.p192

Mahmud I of Gujarat, v3.p183

Mahmud Khalji I

Besieges Delhi in 1462, v3.p180

Defeated by the rana of Chitor in 1440, v3.p182

Takes Ajmir, v3.p181

Takes Elichpur, v3.p181

Takes Ka1pi, v3.p181

Takes Rantambhor, v3.p181

Takes the throne of Malwa, v3.p181

Mahmud Khalji II, defeated by Sanga, rana of Chitor, v3.p182

Mahmud Lodi, brother of Sultan Ibrahim, v3.p217

Last hope of an Afghan restoration, v3.p217

Afghans flock to standard of, v3.p217

Flees from before Chunar, v3.p218

Seeks refuge with Bengalis, v3.p218

Defeated by Humayun near Lucknow in 1531, v3.p228

Mahmud of Ghazni, son of Sabuktagin, king, v2.p16, v2.p319, v2.p328, v2.p342

A staunch Moslem, v3.p19

Advances and defeats Nidar Bhim, v5.pp61–62

Appointed king of Ghazni, v3.p19

Attacks and demolishes the kingdom of Rai Andpal, on his way to Multan, v5.pp50–51

Benevolence of, v3.p33

Campaign of, in 1018, v3.p26

Captures fort of Chand Rai, v5.p72

Conquers Jaipal at Peshawar, v3.p19

Death of, at Ghazni, in 1030, v3.p29

Decline of kingdom under successors of, v3.p36

Defeats Puru Jaipal, v5.p76

Despatches a victorious expedition against Waihind, v5.pp46–47

Destroys Somnath, v9.p200, v9.pp202–203

Determines to invade the capital of Hind, v5.p57

Development and expansion of territory of, v2.pp33–34

Difficulty of march of, toward Hind, v5.p58

Encouragement of art in reign of, v3.p33

Establishes peace with the King of Hind, v5.p57

Expedition of, against Afghans, v5.p74

First holy war against Jaipal, v5.pp42–45

Goes into winter quarters on way toward Hind, v5.p58

Hardships of, in 1013, v3.p24

In command of Khorasan, v3.p18

Incapable of organizing a government, v2.pp34–36

Invasion of Gujarat by, v3.p27

Is victorious over Biji Rai at Bhatia, v5.p48

Is victorious over Brahmanpai, v5.p54

Is victorious over Ilak Khan, v5.p52

Is victorious over Nawasa Shah, v5.p52

Later career of, v3.p22

Leader of sixteen campaigns in India, v3.p19

Marches to Kanauj, v5.p65

Orders his men to swim the Rahib and attack Puru Jaipal, v5.p75

Overthrows Arab dominion in Sind, v5.p33

Personality of, v3.p31

Raids by, v4.p188

Resumes his march toward Hind, v5.p58

Returns to Hind, v5.p74

Ruled over the greater part of Persia, v3.p80

Takes all forts held by Rai Jaipal, v5.p68

Takes Multan by assault, v5.p51

Tomb of, spared by Afghans, v3.p62

Treasures obtained by, at the fort of Bhimnagar, v5.p55

Victorious over Anandpal, v3.p21

Victorious over the chief of Thanesar, v5.pp63–64

Victory of, at Gandhara, v3.p24

Victory of, at Gwalior, v3.p27

Victory of, at Kalinjar, v3.p27

Victory of, at Kanauj, v3.p26

Victory of, at Lahore, v3.p27

Victory of, at Mira, v3.p20

Victory of, at Somnath, v2.pp27–28

Victory of, at Thanesar, v3.p24

Victory of, at the “Rahib”, v3.p27

Victory of, at the fortress of Kangra, v3.p22

Victory of, over Ilak Khan, in 1006, v3.p34

Mahmud Shah I, brother of Humayun (Sikandar Shah)

Death of, in 1412, v3.p170

Emperor of Delhi for eighteen years, v3.p161

Leads Indian army against Timur in 1398, v3.p166

Returns to Delhi on death of Ikbal Khan, v3.p170

Sets up a separate court at Kanauj, v3.p170

Mahmud Shah II, Bahmanid Sultan, v3.p192

Death of, v3.p192

Mahmud, emperor of Delhi

Defeated by Timur, v5.p210

Description of the battle of, With Timur, v5.pp207–209

Flees to the jungles, but is pursued by Amir Sald, v5.p212

Strength of army of, v5.p206

Mahmud, Sultan of Gujarat, sends fleet, which is defeated, against Christians at Chand, v6.pp291–292

Mahoba, a city in the Northwest Provinces, v3.p23

Mahoba, town, v2.p335, v2.p340

Mahur, city of the Deccan, western limit of the Bahmanid kings of the Deccan, v3.p186

Maiandros, formation of the plain of, v9.p6

Maimandi, prime minister of Mahmud and Mas’ud, v3.p40

Description of ceremony of reinstallation of, v2.pp40–41

Released from prison by Mas’ud, v3.p40

Maine, Sir Henry, takes charge of the Indian legislative department, v8.p458

Maitreyi, discussion of, with Yajnavalkya, v1.pp151–162

Majd-ad-din Tolaki, general of Mu’izz-ad-din, furnishes men to hold fort of Sarhind, v5.pp82–83

Majd-al-Umara Zia-ad-din Junaidi, chief justice of Gwalior, v5.p107

Makbul Khan, vizir of Firoz Shah, v3.p149

Death of, in 1371, v3.p157

Government skilfully administered by, v3.p150

Makhdum-al-mulk, an orthodox Mohammedan leader, v4.p39, v4.p45

Maksudabad Lake, in Bengal, v4.p229

Mal Bhatti, Hindu king, v3.p146

Malabar (province), also see Ma’bar and Maliba.

Origin and extent of chiefdoms of, v6.pp75–77

Port of Indo-Egyptian trade-route, early trade of, v6.p23, v6.p24, v6.pp77–78

Ports reached in 1498 by Vasco da Gama, v3.p183

Religious toleration in, v6.pp77–79

Royal marriage customs of, v9.p234

Royal succession in, v9.p234

Size, boundaries, and natural defences of, v9.pp233–234

Temples supposed by Da Gama to be Christian churches, v7.p40

Malacca, v4.p143

Albuquerque’s conquest of (1511), v6.pp106–107, v6.p120

Captured by the Dutch from the Portuguese, v7.p65

Country around, swears allegiance to the Dutch, v7.pp69–70

English reach (1591), v6.p193, v6.p212

Garrison of, (1530), v6.p163, (1567), v6.p142

Portuguese at, attacked by the King of Achin, v7.p39

Portuguese factory at (1508), v6.p106

Portuguese power in, advanced by Albuquerque, v9.p227

Revenues of, v6.pp153–154, v6.p157

Straits and ancient trade emporium, v6.p29, v6.p78, v6.p106

Straits of, a Dutch waterway, v7.p65

Turks attack (1547), v6.pp109–110

Malakottai, country, v2.p368

Malava, kingdom, v2.p142, v2.p262, See Malwa kingdom

Malayalam alphabet, v6.p80

Maldah, town in Bengal, v3.p69

Malgarh, a fortress at Asir, v4.p206

Maliba (Malabar) entered by force under Habib ibn Marra, v5.p17

Malik Amber, vizir, v4.p82, v4.p106, v4.p107

Malik Balban Khishlu Khan joins Katlagh Khan, v5.p130

Malik Ghazi Shalma, an architect in the reign of Firoz Shah, v3.p151

Malik Kafur

Compared with Samudra-gupta, v2.p254

In the Deccan, v2.p360

Destroyed importance of Chola kingdom, v2.p380

Malik Kafur, general under Ala-ad-din, v3.p119

Marches against Warangal, v3.p119

Successful at Devagiri, v3.p119

And Khwaja Hajji take old capital of Dvara-samudra, v3.p120

Death of, v3.p122

Malik Khan (Mealecão), Portuguese contract with (1555), v6.p128

Malik Shah, Seljuk emperor, v3.p48, v3.p69

Malka, a, Hindu chief of the hill country about Delhi, v5.p134

Completely routed by Ulugh Khan, v5.pp137–138

Malloi, a tribe of Northern India, v9.p25

Malloi, autonomous tribe in the Panjab, v2.p69, v2.pp81–87

Mallu Khan and his army march against Jahan-numa, v5.p200

Defeated by Timur’s army, v5.pp200–201

Flees in vain to the jungles, v5.p212

Malwa kingdom (see Malava) = Avanti, v2.p23

Conquered by Chandragupta II, v2.p261, v2.p262

Described by Fa-hien, v2.p269

Unnamed king of, v2.p297

Malwa, a Hindu state, v4.p2, v4.p8, v4.p179, v4.p194, v4.p214, v4.p222

Malwa, a province of Central India and city of Northwest Provinces, v3.p23, v3.p76, v3.p82, v3.p181, v3.p182

Insurrections in, in 1294, v3.p101

King of, captures Kalpi, in 1435, v3.p178

In possession of Zafar Khan in 1407, v3.p183

Taken by Bahadur Shah in 1531, v3.p182

Annexed by Bahadur, v3.p185

In possession of Humayun, v3.p230

Festivities instituted by Humayun at, v3.p231

Again joined to Gujarat, v3.p232

Malwa, Hindu kingdom, v1.p126

Mamallaipuram, “Seven Pagodas” at, v2.p381

Mamandur, cave-temples at, v2.p384

Mamluk Sultans of Egypt

Slave ancestry of, v2.pp69–70

Fleet defeated off Din by the Portuguese, v3.p185

Mamluks attack the Portuguese in Arabian Sea, v3.p184

Mamun, caliph of Baghdad, v5.p21

Man Singh, a commander under Akbar, v4.p23, v4.p30

Man, as protector and head of the family, v1.p7

Manasa, a sacred pond, v9.p192

Manda, a sacred pond, v9.p192

Mandakini, a river having its source in the sacred pond Manda, v9.p192

Mandanis, a Hindu gymnosophist

Discourse of, with Onesikritos, v9.pp56–57

Considered superior to Kalanos, v9.p63

Mandelslo, a German traveller in India, v4.p66, v4.p92, v4.p93, v4.p94, v4.p95

Description of Agra by, v4.pp96–97

Describes the military force of Shah Jahan, v4.p99

Mandi Khwaja

Sent by Babar against Sultan Ibrahim, but returns unsuccessful, v5.p254

Ordered to enter the fort of Delhi and take possession of the treasuries, v5.p259

Mandu, a place in Central India, v4.p199

Mandu, city of Central India, built by Hushang, v3.p181

Humayun pursues the king of Gujarat, v3.p230

Mandur, fort of, in the Siwalik Hills, captured by Shams-ad-din Altamish, v5.p98

Mangalore, town, v2.p167, v2.p363

Mangalore, western boundary of kingdom of Vijayanagar, v3.p188

Mangu Khan, a prince of Turkistan and a Moghul general

Marches into Sind, v5.p114

Flees with his army from Ulugh Khan, v5.p116

Mangu Khan, Mongol leader, v3.p82

Mani, quotation from, regarding worship of the heavenly bodies, v9.p188

Manila, Spanish-Portuguese right to, v6.p226

Manipur

Captured by the Burmese, v8.p389

Temporarily occupied by the English, v8.p430

Manjanik, a catapult or ballista, v5.p8

Manju Patan, oldest capital of Nepal, v2.p140

Mankot, v4.p6

Manrique, Sebastian, an Augustinian missionary, v4.p100, v4.p133

Mansabdar, title of commander of horse, a life-peer, v4.p15, v4.p32, v4.p62, v4.p65

Salary of a, under Jahangir, v4.p77

Salary of a, under Aurangzib, v4.pp140–141

Mansfield, Lord, v6.p116

Mansur Ghori, Sultan of Egypt, sends fleet, which is defeated, against Christians assembled at Chand, v6.pp291–292

Mansur ibn Jamhur

Defeated by Musa ibn Kab at-Tamimi, v5.p18

Death of, v5.p21

Mansura, city of, founded by Amr ibn Mohammad ibn Kasim, v5.p18

Mansura, in lower Sind, Arab dynasty at, v3.p13

Mansura, one of the two principal kingdoms of Sind, under Yalub ibn Lais, v5.p26

Occupied by Karmathians, v5.p33

Manu, date of code of, v2.p279

Manu, legend of, in Satapatha Brahmana, v1.pp163–167

Manucci, a Venetian traveller in India at Aurangzib’s court, v4.p66, v4.p138

Manufactures

Allusions to, in Rig-Veda, v1.pp26–27

Commencement of, v1.p7

In Brahmanic and Epic periods, v1.p160

Of ancient India known to the Greeks, v1.p218

Regulation of, v2.p118

Map, new, with the Augmentation of the Indies (1600), v6.p228

Mappillas (Moplahs), old term for both Mussulmans and Christians in Malabar, v6.p199

Mara, an evil spirit, v1.p289

Marathas, a Hindu people

Chronicle of the, by Ibrahim Khan, v4.pp215–276

Divided into factions, v4.p177

Fight with the Afghans at Panipat, v4.pp184–188

Food, dress, and arms of the, v4.p224

French overtures to the, v8.p247

Hardiness of the, v4.p166

In the Karnatic, v8.p213

Increase of the power of the, v4.pp178–179, v4.p182

Internal contests of, and flight of the Peshwa, v8.pp320–321

Invade Haidarabad, v8.p302

Invade Upper India in 1758, v8.pp191–193

Invasion of 1740, v8.p100

Language of the, v4.p153, v4.p216, v4.p224

Menace Rohilkhand, v8.p238, v8.p241

Method of fighting, v4.p106, v4.p167

New system of war tactics of the, v8.pp290–292

Oppose Bahadur Shah, v4.p176

Origin and early history of the, v4.p162

Overthrown in Panipat, v8.p237

Plunder the Moghul army, v4.p170

Power, rise of, under the chief Sivaji, in 1660–1680, v8.pp42–43

Rise to power, v4.p163

Rising power of the, v8.pp173–175, v8.pp237–239

Strength and position of the, v8.p246

Strength of, on the western side of India, v8.p99

Tactics of the, v8.p238

Wars of the, v4.pp145–166

Wars of, with Aurangzib, v4.pp153–166

Zenith of the power of the, v4.p183

Mardan Daulat, a noble of the court of Firoz Shah, v3.p163

Marine surveying in Asia, commencement of, v6.pp146–147

Marinus of Tyre, v6.p48

Marion, M., on French finance, v8.pp134–135

Maritime discovery, made possible by the progress of nautical science, v6.pp50–73, v6.p145, v6.pp199–201

Maritime travel not forbidden in ancient India, v1.p50

Marmagao, v6.p135

Maros, Mount, v2.p46

Marriage

Caste and affinity rules regulating, v9.p142

Customs, Hindu, v9.pp261–273

Marriage

Among blood relations prohibited, v1.p154

Among kinsfolk permitted by Baudhayana, v1.p239

Among kinsfolk prohibited by Vasishtha and Apastamba, v1.p239

Eight varieties of, v1.pp238–239

Laws of Akbar concerning, v4.pp16–17

Not compulsory in Vedic India, v1.p54

Of children forbidden, v4.p16

Of students, v1.p146

Of widows allowed, v4.p17

Of widows, v1.p239

Ritual of, v1.pp244–246

Vedic ceremony of, v1.pp65–67

Marseilles, mediaeval Eastern trade of, v6.p168

Martin, Francois, founder of Pondicherri, v8.p92

Maruts, storm gods, legend of, v1.p72

Marwar, district of Rajputana, Rathor principality founded at, v3.p58

Lords of, rally to Rana Sanga’s standard, v3.p211

Marwar, rana of, v4.p88, v4.p112, v4.p148

Mary, Queen of England, English trade and explorations under, v6.pp181–182, v6.p220, v6.p236

Mas’ud Mirza, ruler of Kabul and Zabul, v5.p227

Mas’ud, nephew of Raziya, brief reign of, v2.pp79–80

Mas’ud, son of Mahmud, v3.p37

Defeat of, at Dandanakan, in 1040, v3.p37

Orgies at court of, v2.pp38–40

Personality of, v3.p42

Defeat of army of, at Karman, v3.p46

Fall of empire of, v3.p47

Death of, v3.p47

Descendants of, v3.p48

Mas’udi, an Arab traveller, account of India given by, v5.pp27–28

Mas’udi, Arab traveller of the tenth century, v3.p13

Masianoi, a tribe of India, v9.p18

Masjid-i Jami’, see Jami’ Masjid.

Masoga (Massaga?), capital city of the tribe of Assakanos in India, v9.p18

Massaga (Mazaga), town, v2.p47, v2.p50

Massagetai, Cyrus marches against the, v9.p5

Master, treaty of, in 1648, v8.p23

Masulipatam, a town in the Madras territory, v4.p94, v4.p136

Masulipatam, English Company settles at, v8.p23

Taken by the English, v8.p142

Masulipatam, on the Bay of Bengal, v7.p20

Chief seaport of Moslem kings of Golkonda, v7.p223

Description of, v7.pp221–222

Dutch and English struggle for, v7.pp224–225

English abandon, in 1628, v7.p225

Famine at, v7.pp225–226

Growth of the trade of, v7.p223

Hippon sails to, v7.p221, v7.p223

Masulipatan, city of Madras, taken by Bahmanid Sultan Mohammad II, v3.p191

Matchlocks, v4.p11, v4.p22, v4.p99, v4.p113

Mathura (Madura), capital of the Pandyas, v1.p207

Mathura (Muttra), a city of India on the Jumna, reached by Mahmud of Ghazni, v3.p25

Mathura, city

Buddhist monasteries at, v2.p240, v2.p268

Iron pillar of Delhi probably erected originally at, v2.p329

Reasons for the sanctity of, v9.p199

Satraps of, v2.p191

Shrine at, v4.p145, v4.p228

Upagupta a native of, v2.p172

Matriarchy, no trace of, in India, v1.p7

Matricola, the Register of Portuguese possessions in the East Indies, captured by the English (1592), v6.p227

Matsya Purana, date of, v2.p11

Matsya Purana, quotation from the, regarding places of pilgrimage, v9.pp191–194

Matter, in Hindu philosophy, v1.p267

Maudud, viceroy at Balkh, v3.p45

Maues, king, v2.p206

Mauritius, island of

Occupied by the French, v8.p91, v8.p103

Reduction of, v8.p258

Maurya, origin of name, v2.p105

Empire, v2.p128, v2.p141, v2.p166

Mawara-an-nahr

Conquered by the Samanids, v5.p25

Men of, engage in holy war, v5.p64

Mawas, rebellion of, crushed by Ulugh Khan, v5.p114

Maximilian, Emperor of Austria, vengeance of, on Bruges for its revolts, v6.p202

Mazarin, policy of the French under, v8.p83

Meat, eating of, v1.p8, v1.p50

Meats, kinds of, permitted and forbidden to the Hindus, v9.p152

Mecca conquered by Karmathians, v5.p25

Mecca

Akbar contemplated a pilgrimage to, v4.p41

Cabot visits, v6.p175

Europeans grant passes for ships to, v6.pp270–272

Pilgrimages to, v4.p7, v4.p45, v4.p122, v4.p166

Sanctity of, v9.p198

Medical treatment, Hindu, v9.p148

Medicean map (Laurentian portulan), v6.p49, v6.p199

Medina, Pilgrimages to, v4.p122

Medini Rao, lord of Chanderi, v3.p182

Death of, v3.p182

Rajput vizir of Malwa, v3.p216

Mediterranean

Charts of the, v6.p47, v6.pp199–201

Early commerce on the, v6.p1, v6.p3, v6.p10, v6.p12, v6.p13, v6.p199

Early fleets on the, v6.pp52–53

English trade in the, v6.p167, v6.p204, v6.p209, v6.p221, v6.p222

Spanish command of the, v6.p209, v6.p221

Struggle for, and Turkish control of the, v6.pp31–35

Trade to India, by way of the (sixteenth century), v6.pp92–93, v6.pp168–169

Meds, tribe of Northern India

Aid Mohammedan invaders, v3.p10

Defeat Rashid ibn Omar al-Judaidi, v5.p4

Defeated by Mohammad ibn Fazl ibn Mahan, v5.p23

Medway, Dutch sail up, v6.p215

Megasthenes, a Greek writer, v9.p1

Account of India, v1.p204, v1.pp205–207, v1.pp210–212, v1.p214, v1.p219, v1.p234, v1.p235

Discredits the ancient histories of India, v9.p4

On India, v2.p109

Subdivides the philosophers into Brahmans and Sramans, v1.p236

Takes up residence in India, v1.p204

Meghavarna, King of Ceylon, v2.p256

Mekong River, British influence advances to, v8.p487

Mekran, a province of Persia, subdued by Sinan, v5.p4

Mekran, seacoast district of Persia, Arab invasion from, v3.p4

Mekran, see Gedrosia

Melinde, in Africa, Portuguese control of, v6.p94

Menander, Indo-Greek king, v2.p179, v2.p203, v2.p204, v2.p215

Mercantile system, early enunciation of, v7.p172

Mercator, Gerard, geographer, v6.p200

Merchants of the Staple, v6.p236

Merchants, abodes of, at Delhi, v4.p131

Meropis see Kos

Merv, a city of Turkistan, Mas’ud defeated near, in 1040, v3.p37, v3.p47

Mesopotamia, ancient trade-route, by way of, v6.p2

Metals

In ancient India, v1.p9, v1.p218

In the Rig-Veda, v1.p26

Knowledge of, in Brahmanic times, v1.p147

Precious, measure of a nation’s wealth, v7.p6

Precious, of India, v9.p153

Metaphysical views in India, v4.p40

Mete (“Island of the Dead”), Portuguese cruelties at (1535), v6.p118

Metempsychosis the shibboleth of the Hindu religion, v9.p160

Methods of treatment by the physicians of, v9.pp235–236

Metre, science of, v1.p192

Metrics, Hindu, Chinese account of, v9.pp125–126

Mewar, v4.p148

Mewat, religious insurrection at, v4.p147

Mewat, territory of Delhi, tribute exacted from, v3.p171

Michelborne, Sir Edward

Attacks the Dutch at Bantam, v7.p8

Compromises the position of the East India Company in the Spice Archipelago, v7.p9

Disfranchised by the East India Company in 1601, v7.p8

Obtains royal license of trade and discovery from James I, v7.p8

Plunders a Chinese ship, v7.p8

Middleton, Captain Sir Henry

Attempt of, to establish trade with the Red Sea, v7.p20

Attempt of, to trade at Surat frustrated by the Portuguese, v7.p20

Commander of the English East India Company’s second expedition, v7.p6

Commander of the sixth expedition of the English East India Company, v7.p12

Death of, v7.p13

Forced back to old trade stations in the Eastern Archipelago, v7.p20

Lands at Suwali near Surat, v7.p194

Reprisals of, arouse Nfoslems against the English, v7.p20

Return of, to England, v7.p6

Middleton, David, one of the captains of the third expedition of the East India Company, v7.p9

Mihintale, seat of an Indian monastery, v1.p320

Mihiragula (Mihirakula), Sakala capital of, v2.p317

History of, v2.p286

“Milinda, Questions of”, Buddhist book, v2.p204

Mihran (Indus) river, Mohammad ibn Kasim encamps on banks of, v5.p10

Milak Deo, Hindu raja, besieged by Shams-ad-din Altamish in Gwalior for eleven months, v5.p100

Milan, Spanish control of the duchy of, v6.p209

Mildenhall (or Midnall), John, commercial mission of, to India (1599), v6.p222

Military affairs in India controlled by six divisions of governors, v9.p42

Mill, James, on the success of England, v8.p124

Scheme of, for conquering Bengal submitted to the Austrian emperor, v8.p162

Millennium, doctrine of a, v4.p46

Milwat

Captured by Babar, v5.p241

Given to Mohammad Ali Jang-jang, v5.p246

Mind, according to Sankhya philosophy, v1.pp264–255

Minhaj-as-Siraj, native historian of Ghor, v5.p77

Appointed by Raziya, to the Nasiriya college, v5.p108

Directed to offer terms of peace to Ulugh Khan, v5.p126

Made judge of Gwalior, v5.p108

Selections from the work of, v5.pp77–86, v1.pp88–102, v5.pp104–109, v1.pp111–140

Minjah-as-siraj, contemporary of Shams-ad-din Altamish, v3.p73

Minto, Lord, Governor-General of India, v8.p349

Embassies from, v8.pp353–354

Mir Ali, a commander of the left wing of Sultan Mahmud’s army, v5.p206

Mir Fakhr-ad-din

Sent against fort at Shakar, v5.p328

Victorious at fort of Shakar, v5.p329

Mir Jafir

Death of, v8.p187

Deposed, v8.p186

Proclaimed Nawab in place of Siraj-ad-daulah, v8.p168

Restored in 1763, v8.p187

Mir Jumla, a Persian vizir of Golkonda, an ally of Aurangzib, v4.p110

Expedition of, against Assam, v4.p142

Succeeded in office by Shayista Khan, v4.p143

Mir Kasim ascends the throne, v8.p186

Miraim’s Kothi, room in Akbar’s palace, v4.p37

Miran, Sadr-i Jahan, sent as envoy by Akbar, v4.p196, v4.p197, v4.p209

Mirat, city of the Northwest Provinces

Captured by Kutb-ad-din Aybek, v3.p70

Taken by Timur in 1399, v3.p168

Mirich (Miraj) a town in the Bombay Presidency, v4.p154

Mirza Ghiyas Beg, father of Nur Jahan, v5.pp316–317

Mirza Haidar, Arab historian, v3.p237

Mirza Jani Beg of Tatta, an amir under Akbar, v4.p210

Mirzas, of Surat, cousins of Akbar, v4.p13

Missionaries, Christian, at court of Akbar, v6.pp269–270

Missionaries, Portuguese, v4.p100

Mithila, social life in, in Brahmanic period, v1.p149

Mithradates Parthian king, v2.p206

Mitra, an Aditya, v1.p69

Mitradeva, assassinated Sumitra Sunga, v2.p186

Miyan Sayyid, an officer of Akbar, v4.p209

Mocha, Van Speult dies in, v7.p151

Modo-Galingoi (Madhya-Kalingas), Hindu tribe, v1.p205

Moga, king, v2.p206

Moggali, father of Tissa, v1.p319

Moggallana, convert to Buddhism, v1.p292

Moghul

Architecture, v4.pp100–103

Army under Aurangzib, v4.p140

Battles begin with au artillery engagement, v4.p113

Cavalry, v4.p157

Cities, v4.p132

Court, v4.pp52–53, v4.p124, v4.p162

Emperors, dynastic list of the, v4.p279

Emperors, portraits of the, v4.p37, v4.p134

Empire, golden age of the, v4.p1

Empire, extent of the, v4.p2

Empire, fall of the, v4.pp173–190

Forces, v4.p4

Governor forbids all trade on shore with the English, v7.p46

Parallel of the Domesday Book, v4.p26

Princes, v4.p125

Rule, beginnings of the downfall of, v7.p288

Valour, decline of, v4.p165, v4.p166, v4.p176

Moghul Emperors, dynastic list of the, v3.p254

Moghul Empire

Administrative system of the, v8.p453

Rapid decline of the, v5.p331, v8.p75, v8.pp76–78

Effect of its establishment and its decline on European Powers in India, v6.pp149–150

Not established when Portuguese landed in India (1498), v6.p74, v6.p83

Dependence of, on the English at Surat to hold the sea, v7.pp204–205

Development of, as a land power, v7.p205

Moghuls, founding of dynasty of, v3.p193

Moghuls, Maratha hostility toward the, v7.p287

Moghuls, Great, Babar first of the, v3.p208

Moha, Bay of, Best anchors in, v7.p28

Mohammad A’zam, son of Aurangzib, attends his father’s funeral, v5.p347

Mohammad Ali Jang-jang, Babar bestows territory upon, v5.p235

Mohammad Ali tacitly recognized as Nawab of the Karnatic, v8.p123

Mohammad Azad

Sent by Timur to get intelligence of Burhan Aghlan, v5.p190

Difficulty of march of, to fort of Siyah-poshes, v5.pp191–192

Defeats infidels at fort of Siyah-poshes, v5.p192

Advanced in rank by Timur, v5.p194

Followers of, rewarded by Timur, v5.p194

Mohammad Baka, Mohammedan historian, selection from works of, v5.pp331–339

Mohammad Bakhtiyar, a Mohammedan general, v3.p59

Makes Lakhnauti his capital, v3.p71

Mohammad Ghori (Mu’izz-ad-din)

Again encamps near Narain, v5.p84

Again goes to capture Sarhind, v5.p84

Attacks and conquers fort at Sarhind, v5.p82

Becomes king of Ghazni, v5.p78

Conquers Anhalwara in 1178, v3.p54

Conquers Gurdez in 1174 A.D., v5.p81

Conquers Multan in 1175, v3.p54

Conquers Peshawar in 1179, v3.p64

Death of, v5.p86

Death of, in 1200, v3.p60

Defeat of, in battle of Andkhod, v5.p95

Defeated at Narain by Rajputs, in first encounter, v3.p57

Defeats Gakkars and hill tribes of Jud, v5.p85

Defeats Khusru Malik in 1185 or 1186, v3.p55

Defeats Kolah Pithaura at Narain, v5.p83

Defeats people of Sankaran, v5.p81

Defeats Rai Jai Chand near Chandawal, v5.p85, v5.p90

Delivers Multan from the Karmathians, v5.p81

Duration of the reign of, thirty-two years, v5.p86

Fortifies Sialkot in 1184, v3.p66

Gains territory by victory over Kolah Pithaura, v5.p85

Invades Khwarizm, v3.p60

Is assigned to Kasr-kajuran and Istiya, v5.p78

Is assigned to Takinabad, largest town in Garmsir, v5.p78

Minar of, repaired by Firoz Shah, v5.p165

Narrow escape of, in battle of Narain, v5.p83

Purchases Kutb-ad-din, v5.pp88–89

Ravages Hindustan for 30 years, v3.p64

Ravages Lahore in 1184, v3.p66

Résumé of career of, v2.pp60–62

Retreats to Mohammedan territory, v5.p83

Seizes and garrisons Sirhind, v3.p56

Succeeds to the throne at Ghiyas-ad-din’s death, v5.p85

Sultan of the house of Ghor, v5.p77

Tomb of, repaired by Firoz Shah, v5.p165

Victorious at Anhalwara, v3.p59

Victorious at Badaun, v3.p59

Victorious at Gwalior, v3.p59

Victorious at Kalinjar, v3.p59

Victorious at Kalpi, v3.p59

Victorious over Kolah Pithaura, v5.pp84–85

Victorious over the Rajputs in the second encounter at Narain, v3.p58

Victorious over the Rathors on the Jumna, v3.p58

Mohammad ibn Harun ibn Zara an-Namari, appointed successor to Mujja’ ibn Si’r at-Tamimi, v5.p5

Mohammad I, Bahmanid Sultan of the Deccan, reduces Warangal, v3.p187

Subdues raja of Vijayanagar, v2.pp188–189

Mohammad ibn Fazl ibn Mahan, ruler of Sindan, v5.p23

Mohammad ibn Kasim

Adventures of, v2.pp5–6

Arab invader of India, v3.p5

Battle of, with Dahir, v5.p11

Completes Mujja’ ibn Si’r at-Tamimi’s conquest of the tribes about Kandabil, v5.p5

Crosses the Mihran, v5.p11

Death of, v2.pp11–12

Garrisons Daibul, v5.p9

Goes to Brahmanabad, v5.p11

Imprisoned by Salih ibn Abd-ar-Rahman at Wasit, v5.p14

Is appointed to govern the Sindian frontier, v5.p7

Marches through, v3.p6

Preparations of, for defence of Dai-bul, v5.p8

Returns to Alrur and Baghrur, v5.p13

Terms given to Hindus by, v2.pp10–11

Torture and death of, v5.p14

Victorious at Kannazbur, v5.p8

Mohammad ibn Khalil, ruler of Kan-dabil, defeated and slain by Amran ibn Musa ibn Yahya, v5.p22

Mohammad ibn Mus’ab, expedition of, into Sadusan, v5.p10

Mohammad II, Bahmanid Sultan, conquests of, v3.p191

Mohammad Murad left by Zafar Khan in charge of Tibet, v5.p330

Mohammad of Yazd maligns Islam to Akbar, v5.p280

Mohammad Shah, a Moghul emperor, v4.p178, v4.p180, v4.p221

Mohammad Sultan, cousin of Humayun, makes bid for the throne, v3.p227

Proclaimed king at Kanauj, v3.p231

Mohammad Taghlak

Abolishes all but two taxes in 1341, v3.p139

Aided in vain by Abbasid caliph of Cairo, v3.p144

All efforts of. unavailable to restore loyalty of people, v3.p145

Army of, completely destroyed at Kara-jal, v5.p162

Attitude of subjects toward, v5.pp154–155

Beginning of decline of power of, v5.p157

Changes capital to Deogir, v5.p157

Character of, v3.pp130–134

Coinage of, v5.pp158–160

Death of, v2.pp131–132, v3.p145

Death of, in 1351 A.D., v5.p162

Discusses with Barani certain questions of government, v2.pp132–133

Empire impoverished at time of death, v3.p132

Excessive taxes of, on lands of the Doab, v5.p156

Extravagances of, v2.pp134–135

Firoz Shah endeavours to atone for cruelties of, v5.p169

Generosity of, v2.pp134–135

Innovations in government cause revolts, v2.pp130–131

Last king of Delhi to hold authority south of the Vindhyas, v2.pp185–186

Massacres natives who abandon their laud, v3.p136

Orders the population of Delhi to move to Daulatabad, v2.pp137–138

Organizes system of government loans to agriculturists, v3.p139

Revolts in kingdom of, v3.p143, v3.p188

Rules twenty-three provinces at beginning of his reign, v3.p143

State of empire at beginning of reign of, v3.p139

Succeeded by Firoz Shah, v3.p145

Token currency of, v2.pp139–142

Tortures and kills his subjects, v3.p133

Transfers capital to Devagiri, v3.p136

Treatment of strangers by, v2.pp134–135

Treatment of subjects by, v5.pp154–156

Unsuccessful reign of, v5.pp154–155

Mohammad Zaman, cousin of Humayun, makes bid for the throne, v3.p227

Mohammad, a son of Dara, v4.p114, v4.p117

Mohammad, grandson of Dilawar Khan, murdered in 1435, v3.p181

Mohammad, prince, a son of Aurangzib, v4.p138

Mohammad, son of al-Haras al-Alafi, opposes and slays Sa’id ibn Aslam, v5.p5

Mohammad, son of Balban, v3.p86

Death of, in 1285, v3.p91

Mohammad, son of Firoz Shah, allowed to rule his father’s domains in 1387, v3.p158

Misgovernment of, causes revolt among slaves, v3.p158

Secures Delhi in 1390, v3.p161

Four years’ reign of, a series of rebellions, v3.p161

Mohammed, Camoens’s conception of, v6.p71

Albuquerque’s design to carry off the bones of, v6.p104

Mohammed, son of Bakhtiyar, v2.pp345–347

Mohammed, the prophet, character of, v4.p39

An inspirer of saints, v4.p43

Time reckoned from the death of, v4.p46

Precept of, about learning a trade, v4.p122

Mohammedan

Architecture, v4.p189

Conquest, v2.p9, v2.p346, v2.p360

Dynasties of India, list of, v2.pp251–258

Government, disorder and corruption of, v3.p2

Invaders intermarry with Hindus, v3.p2

Law of taxation, v4.p148

Merchants, v4.p96

Sects, v4.p39, v4.p41, v4.p89, v4.p110

See also Moslem

Mohammedanism

Enforced conversion of some Christians to, by Shah Jahan, v6.pp283–284

Rise of, v6.p287

Secret of its success in India, v2.pp67–68

Mohammedans, (See also Moslems)

And European Christians, conflicts between, v6.pp286–288, v6.pp291–297

Hindu treatment of, as described by Ibn Haukal, v5.p31, v5.p32

In India, number of, v3.p1

Taught Persian by Hindus, v4.p30

Moluccas, English reasons for asserting right to a factory in the, v7.p74

Dutch allow the English one-third of the trade of the, v7.p93

Moluccas, see Spice Islands

Mombassa, Portuguese control over, v6.p94

Monasteries, Buddhist, architecture of, v9.p131

Monastery, Indian, at Mihintale, v1.p320

Money, in the Rig-Veda, v1.pp19–20

Monghyr (Mungir), district, v2.p27

Monghyr, town in Bengal, Humayun marches to, v3.p236

Mongol

Description of, in writings of Amir Khusru, v3.p86

Devastate Asia and obstruct the trade-routes, v6.p13, v6.pp18–20, v6.p31

In great fear of the army of Islam, v3.p118

Invasion, danger of, v3.p86

Invasion, results of, v3.p75

Invasions of, from 1296 to 1305, v3.p101, v3.p115

Massacre inhabitants of Lahore, in 1241, v3.p80

Under Babar, the first to attack Sultan Ibrahim’s army, v3.p207

Monkeys in India, v9.pp20–21

Two methods followed in capturing, v9.p21

Size of, v9.p30

Monks, Buddhist, costume of, v9.pp133–134

Monopolies abolished by Queen Elizabeth in 1601, v7.p7

Monotheism, v1.pp172–173

In the Rig-Veda, v1.pp80–81

Monson, Colonel, defeated by Holkar, v8.p330

Monson, Sir William, “Naval Tracts” of, quoted, v6.p199

Monsoons, discovery of, and effect on Indo-Egyptian trade, v6.pp22–23, v6.p31

Montesquieu declares against emigration, v8.p151

Month, Hindu, divisions of the, v9.p127

Moon

Fanciful comparison of the, with India, v9.p122

Regulation of sacrificial rites by position of, v1.p157

Moors

Expulsion of, from Spain, v6.p32

Piracy of, in the Mediterranean, v6.pp31–32

Possessions of, in Spain, v6.p38

Struggle of, with the Portuguese, v6.p40, v6.pp42–44, v6.pp54–55, v6.pp89–90

Morellet, Abbé, report of, concerning the finances of the French Company, v8.p147

Morning hymn to the sun, v1.p70

Morocco, English embassy to the Emperor of (1577), and establishment of trade in, v6.pp204–205

Moscow, v4.p122

Moslem (See also Mohammedan)

Architecture, v4.p189

Eulogists of Shah Jahan, v4.p92

Kings of Golkonda advance their boundaries to the Madras coast, v7.p218

Practice of learning a trade, v4.p122

Saints, tombs of, v4.p34

Teachers at Akbar’s court, v4.p30

Moslems

Akbar’s attitude toward, v4.p43

Aurangzib praised by, v4.p129

Conquest of India by, v3.p1

Disordered after Aurangzib’s death, v4.p176

Fighting strength of, derived from hill tribes of Afghanistan and men of the Oxus, v3.p226

Hate idolatry, v4.p145

In India, number of, v3.p1

In the battle at Panipat, v4.p187

Indian, native converts from Hinduism, v3.p2

Mosques of, v4.p150

Of India, decline of, v2.pp194–195

Pilgrimage one of the duties of, v4.p122

See also Mohammedans

Sivaji’s behaviour toward, v4.p166

Struggle of the Egyptian, with the Portuguese for the Indian seas, v6.pp94–104, v6.pp109–110, v6.pp114–115, v6.p131

Mosque at Delhi, description of, v3.p72

Mosque at New Delhi, v4.p103

Of Aurangzib at Benares, v4.p145, v4.p146, v4.p147

Mosques at Agra, v4.p96

Desecrated by Hindus, v4.p149

Mosques, Portuguese protection of (1534), v6.p128

Motley, John Lothrop, quoted, v6.p35

Mousikanos, king of Alor in Upper Sind, v9.p12, v9.p13

Customs of the inhabitants of the country of, v9.p27

Inhabitants of the country of, are long-lived, v9.p27

Mousikanos, king, v2.p89

Moutrea, sub-caste of the Sudras, v9.p246

Mozambique, Portuguese control of, v6.p94, v6.p108, v6.p153

Mu’awiya ibn Yazid killed by Hilal ibn Ahwaz at-Tamimi, v5.p15

Mu’awiya, caliph of Baghdad, v5.p3

Mu’awiya, son of al-Haras al-Alafi, opposes and slays Sa’id ibn Aslam, v5.p5

Mu’azzam, prince, a son of Aurangzib, afterwards the emperor Bahadur Shah, v4.p138, v4.p149, v4.p160, v4.p169, v4.p176

Mu’in-ad-din, a commander of the right wing of Sultan Mahmud’s army, v5.p206

Mu’iniyyah, religious teacher, v5.p278

Mu’izz-ad-din, see Mohammad Ghori

Mu’izz-ad-din placed on ruined throne of Mahmud, v3.p54

Mu’izz-ad-din, brother of Raziya

Ascends throne, v5.p108

Tomb of, at Malikpur, restored by Firoz Shah, v5.p166

Mu’tamad Khan, Mohammedan historian, selection from the works of, v5.pp316–319

Mubarak Shah, successor of Khizr Khan

Death of, v3.p172

Daughter of, marries the crown prince of Jaunpur, v3.p178

Mubashar Bahadur left in command of Jahan-numa by Timur, v5.p200

Mucknell, Captain of the East India Company, loyalty of, to Charles I, v7.p189

Mudkal, city of the Carnatic, attacked by raja of Vijayanagar, v3.p190

Mudki, battle of, v8.p410

Mudra Rakshasa, drama, plots described in (quotation), v2.p117

Mughalpur, quarters of “new Moslems” in Delhi, v3.p102

Mughira, brother of Hakam and Osman ibn Abu-l-Asi, victorious at Bay of Daibul, v5.p2

Muhallab ibn Abu-Safra and his army slain on the frontier of Hind, v5.pp3–4

Mujahid, Al-, Mohammad ibn Taghlak, title assumed by Prince Jauna, v3.p129

Mujahid, Bahmanid Sultan, attacks kingdom of Vijayanagar, v3.p189

Mujja’ ibn Si’r at-Tamimi

Appointed to the frontier of Hind, v5.p5

Death of, v5.p5

Mujtahid, an authority in religious matters of the Mohammedan faith, v4.p43

Mukdal, fortress of the Raichur Doab, v3.p188, v3.p189

Mukran = Gedrosia, v2.p93

Muktapida. = Lalitaditya

Mulla Ahmad, a historian, v4.p18

Mulla Mohammad Husain of Kashmir, an expert calligrapher of Jahangir, v5.p303

Mulls Murshid, unsuccessfully sent by Babar as an ambassador to Sultan Ibrahim and Daulat Khan, v5.pp228–229

Multan, a city in the Panjab, v4.p231, v4.p240

A former place of Hindu pilgrimage, v9.p199

Arab dynasty of, v3.p13

Besieged by advance force under Pir Mohammad, v3.p165

Conquered by Mohammad Ghori in 1175, v3.p64

Delivered from the hands of the Karmathians by Mu’izz-ad-din, v5.p81

Hereditary for many years in family of Abu-l-Dalhat al-Munabba ibn Assad as-Sami, v5.p27

In the eighth century, as described by Ibn Haukal, v5.pp28–31

Inhabitants of, taxed by Mahmud of Ghazni, v5.p51

Mahmud of Ghazni said to have built a fleet at, v3.p28

Occupied by Karmathians, v5.p33

Once held by Malik Karakash, v5.p108

One of the two principal kingdoms of Sind under Ya’kub ibn Lais, v5.p26

Reduced by Caliph al-Mansur, v5.p21

Sacred pond of, v9.p197

Subject to Mohammad Taghlak, v3.p143

Surrenders to Mohammad ibn Kasim, v3.p9

Taken by Mahmud of Ghazni, v3.p9

Taken by Mohammad Ghori, v5.pp12–13

Multasim bi-Allah, caliph of Baghdad, v5.p5, v5.p22, v5.p23

Muluk-at-tawaif (“Faction kings”), v3.p196

Mumtaz-i-Mahal, empress of Shah Jahan and the lady of the Taj, v4.p89, v4.p104

Mun, Thomas

Defends the East India Company in his “Discourse of Trade”, v7.p168

Draws up the “Remonstrance”, v7.p170

Municipal administration in Maurya age, v2.p116

Municipal government iu the Brahmanic and Epic periods, v1.p141

Munj, Brahman stronghold, taken by Mahmud of Ghazni, v5.p70

Munja, Paramara Raja, v2.p341

Murad Bakhsh, son of Shah Jahan, v4.p111

Death of, v4.p119

Fights against Dara, v4.p113, v4.pp115–116

Joins with Aurangzib, v4.p112

Murad, son of Akbar, v4.p41, v4.p49, v4.p59, v4.p193, v4.p194

Murshid Kuli Khan, Governor of Bengal, v8.p164

Musa ibn Kab at-Tamimi

Appointed to the frontier of Sind, v5.p18

Repairs city of Mansura and enlarges mosque, v5.p21

Victorious over Mansur ibn Jamhur, v5.p18

Musa ibn Yalaya ibn Khalid

Appointed to the frontier of Sind, v5.p22

Death of, v5.p22

Muscat

Harbour of, v9.p331

Portuguese bombard and take (1507), v6.p100

Turks sack (1581), v6.p110

Muscovy, Grand Duke of, embassy to the, v4.p92

Musketeers, v4.p140

Muskets, see Matchlocks

Mussooree, city in the Northwest Provinces, v3.p169

Mussulmans, in Southern India

Indian and Arab elements of, v6.p79, v6.pp81–91

Struggle of, with the Portuguese, v6.pp92–165

Allowed by the inhabitants to settle in the Deccan and Hindustan, v6.p287

Mustafa, cannoneer in the army of Babar, v3.p207, v3.p213, v3.p218

Mutiny of 1857, v3.p1, v3.p193

Mutiny, political and legal reorganization after the, v8.p452

Muttra, see Mathura

Muzaffar Jang, accession of, v8.p118, v8.p119

Death of, v8.p120

Muzaffar Khan, chancellor of Akbar, v4.p26

Muzid reports on kingdom of Kator to Timur, v5.p184

Myos Hormos, trade emporium, founded by Ptolemy Philadelphus (274 B.C.), v6.pp22–23

Myrmekes (ants), habits of, v9.p36

Mysore = Gangavadi, v2.p390

Hoysala dynasty of, v2.p360

Mysore a city in the Madras Presidency, v4.p164

Mysore, a Hindu principality, v8.p211

Partition of, v8.p310

Reconstitution of native government in, v8.p431

This collection transcribed by Chris Gage
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