–P–

Pacem, in Sumatra, Portuguese treaty with (1511), v6.p148

Pacheco, a Portuguese hero, v4.p64

Pacheco, Duarte, Portuguese captain

Death of, v6.p91

Victories of, at Cochin and Quilon, v6.p90, v6.p92, v6.p140

Pachisi, played with living pieces at Akbar’s court, v4.pp36–37

Padaria, see Rummindei, v2.p148

Padmanabha, an outcast Brahman, the informant of Roger, v9.p237

Padmavati, locality in Orissa, Mohammad Taghlak and his army hunt elephants in, v3.p148

Padre Santo, burial-place of Europeans at Agra, v4.p89

Pahlava, tribe, v2.p191, v2.p380

Painting

Akbar’s interest in, v4.pp37–38

Indian, Persian, Chinese, and Christian, v4.pp37–89, v4.p133

Jahangir’s interest in, v4.p133

Paisacha marriage, v1.p239

Paithan, capital of Pulumayi II, v2.p194

Paiva, Affonso de, travels of, v6.p60

Pakka, Jahangir marches through, on the way to Kabul, v5.p309

Pala dynasty of Bengal, v2.p343

Palace, description of, in the sutras, v1.p208

Palakka (Palakkada), a Pallava principality, v2.p382

Palestine, trade-route through, v6.p3, v6.p4

Palghatcherry = Palakka

Pali, language, v2.p146

Paliacatta (Pulicat), conflicts of castes at, v9.pp242–243

Palibothra (modern Patna), a city of India, v9.p5

Shape and size of, v9.p28

Defences of, v9.p28

Palibothros, surname of the king of Palibothra, v9.p28

Palijs, a sub-caste of the Sudras, v9.p243, v9.p245

Palla, the meanest of the sub-castes of the Sudras, v9.p246

Pallava, origin and history, v2.p191, v2.p380

Palli, caste, v2.p392

Palmyra, reasons leading to the destruction of, v8.p3

Palmyra, trade emporium, v6.p6, v6.p10, v6.p15

Palos, a Buddhist dynasty, v3.p23

Pamirs

Aryan migration across, v2.p23

Crossed by Hiuen Tsang, v2.p315

Panch Mahal, palatial cloister at Akbar’s court, v4.p37

Pan-ch’ao, Chinese general, v2.p224, v2.p231

Panchala kingdom, the, in 1400 B.C., v1.p99

Panchalas, a nation of ancient India, v1.p82

Provenience of, a mooted question, v1.p98

Entry into the Doab, v1.p83

Settlement of, near the modern Kanouj, v1.p98

And Kurus, centre of the Hindu world, v1.p99

Panda, grandson of Santanu, v1.p100

Pandava princes, five, v1.pp104–105

Alliance of, with Drupada, v1.p106

Believed to have invaded Bengal and Ceylon, v1.p110

Disguised as Brahmans, v1.p104

First exile of, v1.p103

Go to Hastinapura, v1.p110

House of the, burnt, v1.p104

In thirteenth year of exile take service under the king of Virata, v1.p108

Military campaigns of, v1.p106

Princes, exhibition of skill in the use of arms, v1.p104

Princes, slaves of Duryodhana, v1.p107

Princes, the five, wed Draupadi, v1.p109

Refuse to fight with Karna, v1.p103

Second exile of, v1.p107

Send an envoy to Hastinapura to claim back their kingdom, v1.p109

Pandion, an Indian king, v9.p3

According to some authorities sends presents and embassies to Augustus Cesar, v9.p3

Pandoi (Pandyas), Hindu nation, v1.p206

Pandu, sons of, v2.p22

Panduah, renamed Firozabad by Firoz Shah, v3.p161, v3.p173

Capital of Bengal, v3.p173

Pandya, a Hindu kingdom, v1.p203

Pandya, limits of country, v2.p365

History of kingdom, v2.pp365–70

Pandyas, kingdom of, v1.p185

History of, v1.pp206–207

Panini, Sanskrit grammarian, v1.p193

Panipat, a famous battlefield of India, v3.p67, v3.p84, v4.p2, v4.p4

Plain of, reached by Timur, v3.p166

Battle between Ibrahim and Babar on the plains of, v2.pp205–208

Timur’s preparations at, v5.p194

Timur encamps at, v5.p196

Babar’s army makes strong fortifications at, v5.pp252–254

Battle between Afghans and Marathas at, in 1761, v4.pp184–188, v4.p251, v4.p266

Overthrow of the Marathas at, v8.pp194–197

Panipur, a village ten leagues from Kashmir, v5.p305

Panjab, a district

Annexation of the, v8.p417

Artists in the, v4.p37

Aryan settlements in, v1.p4

Becomes a Moslem province, v3.p61

Changes in rivers of, v2.p79

Colonized by Aryans, v1.p97

In possession of Sikandar Sur, v3.p241

Irrigation by means of wells in, v1.p15

Last refuge of Mahmud’s descendants, v3.p61

Province of India, v3.p18, v3.p22

Recovered by the Hindus from Babar, v3.p204

Seven rivers of the, v1.p49

Subject to Akbar, v4.p2

Under the later Moghuls, v4.p177, v4.p14, v4.p183, v4.p184

Panjah, collision of Afghans and Russians at, v8.p484

Panjim, v6.p135

Pantaleon, Indo-Greek king, v2.p203

Pantheists, Indian, represented at Akbar’s court, v4.p36

Pantheon, Hindu, adopted and modified by Buddha, v1.pp308–309

Papal influence on trade during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, v6.p59, v6.pp63–67, v6.p85, v6.p95, v6.pp115–117, v6.pp167–168, v6.pp193–197

Paper introduced into Europe, v2.p325

Paramara, dynasty of Malwa, v2.p341

Paramardi (Parmal), Chandella king, v2.p336

Parantaka I, Chola king, v2.p368

Paras Deo Dalvi, raja of Bandri, vassal of Ala-ad-din, v5.p147

Parasurama, legend of, v1.p117

Parganas, districts divided as fiscal units, v4.p31

Parhalah, fortress of Tatar Gakkar, v5.p229

Strong position of fort of, v5.pp231–232

Pariahs (Perreaes), outcasts, rules governing, v9.pp247–249

Parihar rule in Bundelkhand, v2.p336

Parikshit, father of Janamejaya, v1.p132

Paris, Peace of, in 1763, terminates the French rivalry in India, v8.p155

Parishads, schools, v1.p144

Parliament

Acts of, v8.p297

Hostile attitude of, toward the East India Company, v7.pp188–189

Inquires into the affairs of the East India Company, v8.pp221–222, v8.p226, v8.p274, v8.p275

Parliamentary campaigns of 1783–1784, v8.pp278–279

Summons of brief, in 1640, v7.p186

Parnel, Portuguese attack, v6.p142

Paropamisadai, a tribe of Kabulistan and Afghanistan, v9.p7

Paropanisadai, satrapy, v2.p108

Paropanisos = Hindu Kush, or Indian Caucasus, v2.p108

Parthalis, capital of the Kalingoi, v1.p206

Parthia proper, v2.p198

Parthian early history, v2.p199

King, Gondophares, v2.p207

War of Kanishka, v2.p231

Parthians, the custom of giving a surname found among the, v9.pp28–29

Particularity, category of, in Vaisesika philosophy, v1.p266

Parvana, a rite performed on new and full moon days, v1.p248

Parvata, v1.p132

Parviz, son of Jahangir, v4.p84

Pasenda, a sect of the Brahmans, v9.pp259–261

Pasturage in Early India, v1.p17

Patala, a city in Patalene, v9.p26

Patala, city, capital of Patalene, v2.p91, v2.p92

Patalene, v2.p90

The land about the delta of the Indus, v9.pp5–6, v9.p8, v9.p24, v9.p26

Conquered by Alexander, v9.p25

Pataliputra = Patna, v2.p110, v2.p144, v4.p76

Animal hospital at, v2.p164

Asoka’s capital, v2.p143

Capital of the Prachyas, v1.p204

Council at, v1.p319

District in Magadha, v2.p25

Footprints of Buddha at, v2.p308

Foundation of, v2.p34

Free hospital at, v2.p268

Massacre of English prisoners at, v8.p187

Metropolis of India for nearly a thousand years, v1.p299, v2.p110

Municipal administration in Maurya age of, v2.p116

Rebuilt by Sher Shah, v2.p266

Patan, Asoka’s capital of Nepal, v2.p140

Patanjali, extracts from, v9.pp155–157, v9.pp167–168

Patanjali, founder of Yoga philosophy, v1.pp257–258

Patans (Pathans), Turko-Afghan adventurers, v3.p95

Patans

Under Ahmad Shah, v4.p187

Under Aurangzib, v4.p135, v4.p139

Patiala, city of the Panjab, ruled by Hindu rajas, v3.p173

Patna, see Pataliputra

Patnouwa, a sub-caste of the Sudras, v9.p245

Patricius, v6.p24

Paul, St., compared with Asoka, v2.p172

Paulkasas, explained as a caste, v1.p231

Peacock Throne, v4.p106, v4.p123

Estimated value of the, v4.p180

Picture of the, v4.p181

Peacock Throne

Description of, v5.pp323–327

In Teheran, authenticity of, questioned, v5.p323

Peacocks, Indian origin of, v6.p8

Pearl trade, v2.p364

Peasants, under Aurangzib, v4.p141

Pedro, Prince of Portugal, traveller, v6.p42, v6.p200

Pegu

Anglo-Indian campaign against, v8.p390

Annexation of, v8.p419

Pegu, Portuguese soldier proclaimed king of, v6.p163

Peithon, son of Agenor, v2.p90, v2.p104

Penal code of Chandragupta. Maurya, v2.p120

Penkevell, Richard, receives a grant for trade with China and the Spice Islands, v7.p10

Pepper trade of Malabar, v2.p364

Pepper

Albuquerque secures trade of, on the Malabar coast (1511), v6.p126

Buying and selling prices of, v7.p3

Dutch raise the price of, against the English (1599), v6.p221

Lancaster’s trade in (1594), v6.p193

One of the cheaper spices as distinguished from the more precious spices of the Eastern Archipelago, v6.p105

Portuguese offer to supply the Turks with, in exchange for wheat (1541), v6.p110

Portuguese royal monopoly of, at Quilon (1520), v6.p123

Portuguese trade in, v6.p151

Warrants to restrain the sale of, in England, until the royal share was disposed of, v6.p238

Pera, v6.p19

Perdikkas, general, v2.p43

Perkins, William, works of, sent out to India (1611), v6.p255

Perreaes, see Pariahs

Persepolis, an ancient capital of Persia, v4.p93

Persia

As a Mediterranean power, v6.p9

Conquered by Arabs, v3.p4

Embassies between India and, v2.p352

Hun attacks on, v2.p285

Negotiations with the Shah of, v8.p396

Papal embassy to Tartar chief in, v6.p36

Prince Akbar fled to, v4.p149

Saracens in, v3.p2

Shah of, attacks Herat, v8.p397, v8.p398

Shah of, begs help of France to drive the Portuguese from the East Indies, v7.p40

Turks in, v3.p17

Persian

Adherents of Aurangzib, v4.p125

Chaldean and Saban trade on the, v6.p3, v6.p4

Chronicles of the Moghul court, v4.p53

Combat with a lion, v2.p265

Influence on India, v2.p126, v2.p145, v2.p214, v2.p243

Language, v4.p29, v4.p30, v4.p62, v4.p163

Philosophers, v4.p33

Princess, Aurangzib marries a, v4.p138

Religion, v2.p310

Style of Asoka’s pillars, v2.p145

The prevailing language in Ahmadabad, v9.p297

Vizir, v4.p110

Wife (Nur Jahan) of Jahangir, v4.p80, v4.p81

Wife of Akbar, v4.p15

Persian Gulf

Indian trade byway of the, v6.p2, v6.p29, v6.p78, v6.p151

Shipment of goods by the, v4.p64

Portuguese struggle for and command of the, v6.pp100–102, v6.pp104–113, v6.pp123–125, v6.p132, v6.pp146–147, v6.p151

Persians

Invasion of India by the, v4.pp180–181

Kandahar taken by the, v4.p108

Overtures of, to Napoleon, v8.pp349–350

Replace Arabs in public office, v3.p16

Peshawar = Purushapura, v2.p229

Conquered by Ghiyas-ad-din, v5.p81

Conquered by Mohammad Ghori in 1179, v3.p54

Given to Sher Khan Afghan, v5.p315

Taken by Mahmud of Ghazni, v3.p19

Peshrau Khan, a general of Akbar, v4.p198

Peshwa at Poona attacks the British Residency, v8.p380

Annexations attendant on the surrender of the, v8.p381

Pestilence follows famine in India, v7.p207

Pet, North-eastern expedition of, and discovery of the straits bearing his name (1580), v6.p188

Petition of Right, v7.p164

Pettapoli (modern Nizampatam)

Abandoned by the English in 1621, v7.p221

Hippon lands at, and founds the first English settlement on the Bay of Bengal, v7.p220

Resettled by the English in 1633, v7.p221

Peukelaotis = Charsadda, v2.p43, v2.p51

Peukestas, defended Alexander, v2.p85

Peukolaitis, a city of India, v9.p18

Peutingerian Tables, quoted, v6.p78, v6.p200

Phaedra, folk-lore tale of, v2.p176

Pharaoh Necho, early maritime explorations of, v6.p47

Pharro, the fire-god, v2.p241

Phasis, trade emporium, v6.p14, v6.p16

Pheasant brought from Phasis, v6.p14

Philip II, of Spain

Attempts of, to fortify the Straits of Magellan, v6.p192

Attitude toward the St. Thomas Christians, v7.pp42–43

Destruction of Armada of, throws open the ocean route to the East, v6.p197, v6.p205, v6.p209

Forbids Dutch vessels to trade with Spain and ruins Antwerp, v6.pp206–207

Sends the Spanish Armada against England (1588), v6.pp192–193

Union of Spain and Portugal under, and its effect on European policy (1580), v6.p190, v6.p191, v6.p205, v6.p209

Wages war against the Dutch in the East (1597–1598), v6.p218

Philippa of England, wife of John I of Portugal

Life and influence of, v6.pp41–43

Tomb of, v6.p42, v6.pp46–47

Philippines

Magellan killed at the (1521), v6.p169

Spanish-Portuguese right to the, v6.p226

Philippos, satrap of countries west of the Indus, v2.p77

Murdered, v2.p98

Philosophers

Strabo’s description of Indian, based on the statements of Megasthenes, v9.pp47–52

Account of, by Onesikritos, v9.pp57–58

Philosophic period, summary of, v1.p273

Philosophy

Its debt to the Kshatriya caste, v1.p85

Mimamsa, v1.p268

Nyaya, v1.pp262–264

Purva Mimamsa, v1.pp268–270

SankIlya, v1.pp254–257, v1.p268, v1.p271

Six schools of Hindu, v1.pp194–196

Uttara Mimamsa, v1.pp268–269

Vaisesika v1.pp264–266, v1.p271

Vedanta, v1.p195, v1.pp268–273

Yoga, v1.pp258–261, v1.p271

Phoenicians, v6.p3

Alphabet of the, v6.p4

Command the outlets of the Syrian trade-route, v6.p4, v6.pp5–8, v6.p10, v6.p21

Phonetics, science of, v1.p192

Physicians, the second class of the Garmanes, customs of the, v9.pp50–52

Pierre Both, a mountain in Mauritius named after Pieter Both, v7.p79

Piety, law of, v2.p153, v2.p163

Pilaji, v4.p179, v4.p232

Pilgrimage

Of Akbar to Ajmir after founding the Divine Faith, v4.p43

Of Akbar to famous shrines, v4.p34

Of faithful Mohammedans to Mecca and Medina, v4.p122

Pilgrims, Buddhist, v2.p13

Pilgrims, tax on, abolished, v4.p16, v4.p27

Pillar edicts of Asoka, v2.p139, v2.p147, v2.p149

Pillar of victory set up at Chitor, v3.p182

Pillars of Asoka, v2.p144

Pindapitri-yajna, sacrifice to departed ancestors, v1.p162

Ceremony of, v1.pp166–166

Pindar, Sir Paul

Diamonds of, used by Buckingham to fit out Prince Charles for his wooing trip to Madrid, v7.p180

Early life of, v7.p180

Great fortune of, v7.p180

Loans of, to King Charles I, v7.pp180–181

Partner of Courten in his adventures, v7.p179, v7.p180

Piprawa, oldest known inscription at, v2.p17

Pir Mohammad Jahangir

Report of, to Timur, regarding position of Hindustan, v5.pp180–183

A commander of the right wing of Timur’s army, v5.p206

Pir Mohammad, grandson of Timur, besieges Mahan in 1397, v3.p165

Piratas, a name applied to the English by the Portuguese, v6.p67

Pirates, all intruders beyond Lisbon to the south treated as, v6.p201

Pisa and the Syrian trade-route, v6.p12

Pitakas, sacred books of the Buddhists, v1.pp281–282

Date of, v1.p281

Said to have been reduced to writing about 88 B.C., v1.p321

Pithora Rai = Prithivi Raja, v2.p330

Pitt, first Ministry of, v8.p279

India Act of, passed, v8.p279

Plague, presence of, in England in 1602–1603, v7.p3

Plants of ancient India, v1.p217

Plassey, battle of, in 1757, v7.p253

Plassy, rout of, v8.p167, v8.p168, v8.p169

Plays, Sanskrit

Inscribed on tables of stone at Ajmir, v2.p16

Ascribed to Harsha, v2.p303

Pleiades, a constellation, v9.p7

Plutarch, mention of suttee by, v9.pp72–73

Point de Galle, description of, by William Francklin, v9.pp314–317

Poison, Hindu ordeal by, v9.p147

Political life, decadence of, in India, v1.p3

Pollock, General, recaptures Kabul, v8.p403

Poll-tax (jizya), remitted by Akbar, v4.p15, v4.p16, v4.p27

Revived by Aurangzib, v4.p147, v4.p148, v4.p149

Polo, a favourite sport in ancient India and Persia, v3.p72

Polo, Marco, the Elder, will of, v6.pp17–18

The Younger, travels and works of, v6.p37, v6.p58, v6.p199

Polo, played by Akbar, v4.p10

Polyandry unknown in ancient India, v1.p154

Polygamy, v1.p154

Allowed among kings and rich people in Vedic times, v1.p57

Pompey, v6.pp10–11

Pondicherri

Besieged by the English, v8.p107

Fortified by Dupleix, v8.p101

Founded by Francois Martin in 1674, v8.pp91–92

Recovered by the Dutch in 1697, v8.p73

Shelters the Mohammedan princes in 1740, v8.p100

Strongly fortified, v8.p99

Surrendered to the English in 1761, v8.p147

The seat of the Governor-General of all the French settlements, v8.p91

Ponds

Description of the construction of the sacred, v9.p197

Sacred Hindu, reasons for the sanctity of, v9.p198

Pontoon constructed across the Ganges, v3.p216

Pontos, Sesostris conducts an army to, v9.p4

Poona, a district and town in the Bombay Presidency, v4.p163, v4.pp240–275

Pope, Kausuh al-Ghuri vainly appeals to the, against the Portuguese in India, v3.p184

Poros (nephew of above), taken prisoner by Alexander, v9.p22

Poros

(1), v2.p55, v2.p103

(2) Nephew of (1), v2.p68

King of Indian provinces east of the Hydaspes river, v9.p3

According to some authorities sends presents and embassies to Augustus Caesar, v9.p3

Conquest of, v9.p8, v9.p20

Situation and size of the country of, v9.p20

Porter, Endymion

Accompanies King Charles to Spain, v7.p182

Acts as go-between to the court and the Company, v7.p182

Appointed groom of King Charles’s bedchamber, v7.p182

East India Company’s fruitless petition to Parliament against, v7.pp186–187

Marries niece of Buckingham, v7.p182

Portrait of, in the National Portrait Gallery, v7.p182

Taken into partnership by Courten and Pindar, v7.pp181–182

Portikanos, an Indian prince whose territory lay near the Indus, v9.p25

Porto Novo

Battle of, v8.p252

Defeat of Hyder Ali at, v8.p256

Porto Santo, Portuguese discovery of (1418–1420), v6.p32

Portugal

Activity of, in establishing her power in India, v8.p5

African Company, formation of the, v6.pp154–155

Armada withdrawn from the attack on Downton, v7.p52

Army and navy in Asia (sixteenth century), v6.pp139–151, v6.p163

Asiatic empire divided into three governments, v7.p57

Attempted blockade of, v7.p51

Buccaneers in the narrow seas, in the Bay of Bengal and Canton, v6.pp165–166

Capture Goa (1510), v6.p116, v6.p132

Command the Persian Gulf by means of Ormuz, v7.p55

Commercial activity of, crushed by her annexation to Spain in 1580, v8.pp6–7

Conflict with England, regarding Eastern possessions, v7.pp34–35

Control of Indian commerce, v4.p64

Cromwell enforces English liberty of trade in the East Indies upon, v7.p277

Crusading spirit and conversion form

Crusading spirit of the, in Africa and India, v6.pp38–44, v6.pp54–60, v6.pp71–73, v6.pp80–82, v6.p95, v6.pp107–111, v6.pp116–117, v6.pp118–119, v6.p162, v6.p208

Decline of the power of, in India, v7.p29

Decline of the power of, in the East, v7.pp53–57

Decline of, v7.p35, v7.p36

Decline of, v8.p23

Defeated by Best off Suwali, v7.pp25–27

Defeated by the Maniinks in the Arabian Sea, v3.p184

Defeated in November, 1620, in the Persian Gulf, v7.p55

Defensive alliance with the Dutch formed against, v7.p71

Disorderly life of the, in Bengal, v9.p291

Don Antonio, a claimant for, encouraged in England (1581), v6.p191

Eastern position of, at the beginning of the eighteenth century, v8.p90

English alliances with, v6.pp39–43

English and Dutch fleets join against, in 1602, v7.p75

Establish a factory at Diu, v3.p185

Established on the west coast of India in 1510, v9.p227

Fatalities in battle off Suwali, v7.pp28–29

Fleet, strength of, in 1614–15, v7.pp47–48

Forced to invade India, v3.p184

Fortresses in India, v4.p64

Galleons, destruction of, v7.p50

Galleys and caravels the scourge of the Eastern routes, v7.p39

Give Governor of Manila warrant to trade with the English, v7.p45

Heroic age of, under the House of Aviz, v6.pp39–173, v6.pp200–203

India, Almeida first viceroy of (1505–1509), v6.pp93–103

Indian trade of, dwindles after hzoi: union with Spain, v7.p44

Jesuits at Jahangir’s court, v4.p60, v4.p61

Kill Bahadur, king of Gujarat, v3.p185

Loss in battle on Jan. 20, 1615, v7.p50

Make three more fruitless attacks on the English, v7.pp51–52

Makes Antwerp her Northern European entrepôt for Indian produce, v6.pp202–203

Medieval position of, in Europe, v6.p39, v6.p208

Missionaries in India, v4.p44, v4.p62, v4.p100

Monopolizes Indian trade for a short time, v8.pp6–7

Native alliances and treaties of, v6.pp83–84, v6.pp119–133

Native troops employed by, v6.p91, v6.pp140–144

Native troops employed by, long before the time of Dupleix, v6.p149

part of the policy of, v6.p91, v6.pp116–120

Pirates, v4.p120

Piratical methods of the, against Moslems, v6.pp151–153

Policy in Asia (1500–1600), v6.pp135–166

Position of, in India, v7.pp218–219

Possessions in India, v4.p164

Poverty of, in Indian territories, v7.p36, v7.p39

Power in India, v4.p55, v4.p70, v4.p71, v4.p73, v4.p144

Prevent the English from landing at Surat in 1611, v7.p25

Prince Henry of, v6.pp43–44, v6.pp49–56

Prohibit shipbuilding in west-coast Indian ports, v6.p131

Protect the Nestorian St. Thomas Christians, v6.pp90–91, v6.p123, v6.p128

Quest for the Christian land of Prester John, v6.pp59–61, v6.pp108–109

Quest for, and monopoly of, the Cape route to India, v6.pp44–73

Refused a truce by the Governor of Surat, v7.pp50–51

Religious activity of, v7.p42

Religious toleration of, v6.p123, v6.p128

Resolve to convert St. Thomas Christians into Catholics, v7.p41

Rewards Timoja, v6.p133

Routed by Best in two further encounters, v7.p28

Rule, conquest and conversion the basis of, in Africa, v6.p38, v6.p39, v6.pp42–44, v6.p54, v6.p55, v6.p56, v6.pp59–60

Rule, conquest and conversion the basis of, in the East, v6.pp71–73, v6.p81, v6.pp85–87, v6.pp95–96, v6.pp107–109, v6.p111, v6.pp116–117, v6.pp118–119, v6.pp121–122

Shipbuilding of the, in India, v6.p145

Sphere of influence and coast line of, v6.p113, v6.pp145–148

Struggle of, with Islam for the Indian Seas (1500–1600), v6.pp74–112

Struggle with Spain in the East, and Convention of Saragossa (1529), v6.pp168–173

Survivors from Ormuz sent to Goa, v7.p56

System of colonization, v6.p142, v6.pp164–165

System of slave labour, v6.p136, v6.p141, v6.p144

Territorial power established by Albuquerque in the East, (1503), v6.pp89–91, (1509–15), v6.pp98–112

Threaten the seacoast of the Moghul Empire, v7.p205

Thrice repulsed by Downton’s men aboard the Hope, v7.p49

Trade and treaties on the Malabar coast, v6.pp74–85

Trade with England, v6.pp202–203, v6.p204

Trade with India, v4.p54, v4.p143

Treaty of, with Holland in 1641, v7.p65

Union of Spain and (1580), v6.p170, v6.p172, v6.p190

Union with Spain, v7.p57

Porus, a king of India, v3.p15

Prabhakasa-vardhana, Raja of Thanesar, v2.p294

Prabodha-chandrodaya, drama, v2.p336

Prachyas

The most powerful nation in the fourth century B.C., v1.p204

Boundary of, v1.pp205–206

Pradyumna, son of Vishnu, directions for constructing an idol of, v9.p179

Prajapati, his part in creation, v1.pp167–168

Prajapatya marriage, v1.p239

Prakasaditya, title of Puragupta, v2.p283

Prakrit, language, v2.p146

Pramnai (Buddhists), subdivisions and customs of the, v9.pp64–65

Prasii (Prasioi), nation, v2.p38

Prasioi, the most distinguished tribe of India, v9.p28

Pratisakhyas, v1.p192

Prayaga, Harsha’s assembly at, v2.p312

Prayaga, sacred tree of, v9.pp190–191

Prayer, public, said in the mosque on April 27, 1526, in the name of Babar, v3.p208

Pregnancy, rites of, v1.p246

Presents, system of annual, to the king, beginnings of, v3.p164

Prester John, land of (Abyssinia)

Albuquerque’s scheme to conquer the land of, v6.pp103–104

Portuguese expeditions to discover, v6.pp60–61

Priestly caste, rise of the, v1.pp83–84

Priests, professional, v1.p5, v1.p77

And kings become separate castes in the Epic Age, v1.p136

And soldiers mingle and intermarry with the people, v1.p150

Divisions of, v1.pp86–87

Sacrificial duties, v1.p86

Studied nature, v1.p78

Printing in Holland, v6.p200

Prisni, the storm cloud, v1.p72

Prithivi Raja, Chauhan, v2.p330, v2.p339

Prithivi Raja, chief of the Chohan dynasty, v3.p55

Takes Sirhind, v3.p67

Defeated and killed by Mohammad Ghori, v3.p58, v3.p70

Priyadarsika, drama, v2.p304

Problems, in Nyaya philosophy, v1.p263

Proof, in Nyaya philosophy, v1.pp262–263

Propertius, a Latin poet, writes of suttee, v9.pp73–74

Protectorates, theory of the system of, v8.pp469–471

System of, adopted by other European nations in Asia and Africa, v8.p489

Provinces from Bhira and Lahore to Bahraich and Bihar contribute revenue to Babar, v3.p221

Psammetichus, King, opens out Indo-Egyptian trade, v6.pp20–21

Ptolemaic system of cosmography, v6.p200

Ptolemy Philadelphus, extension of Indo-Egyptian trade under, v6.p20, v6.pp21–22

Ptolemy

(1) son of Lagos, v2.p13, v2.p51

(2) Philadelphos, v2.p166

Pudukottai, town, v2.p363, v2.p365, v2.p391

Pukara, legend of the cause of the holiness of, v9.p199

Pularoon, natives of

Bribed not to trade with the English, v7.p75

Bought by the United Joint Stock, v7.p285

Dutch expel the English from, in 1621–1622, v7.p113

Factories in, turned over to the Joint Stock, v7.p287

Restored to the English, v7.p155, v7.p261

Surrendered to the English, v7.p90

Pulicat, chief port of South-eastern India, v7.p10

Dutch settle at, in 1609, v7.p219

English land at, in 1620, but leave in 1623, v7.p220

English to have free trade at, v7.p93

Pulicat, conflicts of castes at, v9.pp242–243

Pulikesi

(I), Chalukya king, v2.p351

(II) Chalukya king, v2.p301, v2.pp351–353

Pulipula (identified with Phulpada, the old sacred part of Surat), trade of, mentioned by Ptolemy in 150 B.C., v7.p193

Pulumayi (II), (III), Andhra kings, v2.p193, v2.p195

Punishment after death, Hindu beliefs regarding, v9.pp273–276

Puragupta, history of, v2.p282

Puranas, eighteen, v2.p11

Date of, v2.p279

Puranic legends, development of, from the myths of the Rig-Veda, v1.p25

Puritan emperor, a term used to describe Aurangzib, v4.pp121–144

Purnavarman, the last descendant of Asoka, v2.p177, v2.p308

Puru Jaipal, Hindu raja

Encamps on the banks of the Rahib, v5.p74

Enters into an alliance with Bhoj Chand, v5.p72

Makes peace with Chand Rai, v5.p71

Sues for Chand Rai’s daughter in marriage for his son Bhimpal, v5.p71

Purusha, v1.p176

Purushapura, capital of Kanishka, v2.p229

Pushan, au Aditya, v1.p69

Hymn to, v1.pp17–18

Sun-god of the shepherds, v1.p70

Pushpamitra, king of Kashmir, v1.p321

Pushpapura = Pataliputra, v2.p34

Pushyabhuti, ancestor of Harsha, v2.p306

Pushyagupta, brother-in-law of Chandragupta Maurya, v2.p122

Pushyamitra

(1) Sunga king, v2.pp178–85

(2) Nation, v2.p280

Pyrard de Laval, Francois, a French traveller in India, v9.p280

Arrives at Chartican, in Bengal, and is presented to the governor, v9.p280, v9.p283

Pyrard de Laval, voyage of, v4.p65, v4.p56

Pythagoras, similarity of the doctrines of, to those of the Hindus, v9.p57

This collection transcribed by Chris Gage
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